hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gamagara Local Municipality
Gamagara Municipality (Afrikaans: Gamagara Munisipaliteit; Tswana: Mmasepala wa Gamagara) is a local municipality within the John Taolo Gaetsewe District Municipality, in the Northern Cape province of South Africa.

Local municipality (South Africa)
In South Africa, a local municipality (Tswana: mmasepalaselegae; Sotho: masepala wa lehae; Northern Sotho: mmasepala wa selegae; Afrikaans: plaaslike munisipaliteit; Zulu: umasipala wendawo; Southern Ndebele: umasipaladi wendawo; Xhosa: umasipala wengingqi; Swazi: masipaladi wasekhaya; Venda: masipalawapo; Tsonga: masipala wa muganga) or Category B municipality is a type of municipality that serves as the third, and most local, tier of local government. Each district municipality is divided into a number of local municipalities, and responsibility for municipal affairs is divided between the district and local municipalities. There are 205 local municipalities in South Africa.

A local municipality may include rural areas as well as one or more towns or small cities. In larger urban areas there are no district or local municipalities, and a metropolitan municipality is responsible for all municipal affairs.
Inktomi
Inktomi Corporation was an American Internet service provider (ISP) software developer based in Foster City, California. Customers included Microsoft, HotBot, Amazon.com, eBay, and Walmart.

The company developed Traffic Server, a proxy server web cache for World Wide Web traffic and on-demand streaming media which transcoded images down to a smaller size for users of dial-up Internet access. Traffic Server was deployed by several large ISPs including AOL.

In 2003, after the bursting of the dot-com bubble, the company was acquired by Yahoo! for $241 million.

The company's name, pronounced "INK-tuh-me", was derived from a Lakota legend about the trickster spider Iktomi, known for his ability to outsmart larger adversaries. The tri-color nested cube logo was created by Tom Lamar in 1996.

Dial-up Internet access
Dial-up Internet access is a form of Internet access that uses the facilities of the public switched telephone network (PSTN) to establish a connection to an Internet service provider (ISP) by dialing a telephone number on a conventional telephone line which could be connected using an RJ-11 connector. Dial-up connections use modems to decode audio signals into data to send to a router or computer, and to encode signals from the latter two devices to send to another modem at the ISP.

Dial-up Internet reached its peak popularity during the dot-com bubble. This was in large part because broadband Internet did not become widely used until well into the 2000s. Since then, most dial-up access has been replaced by broadband.
Walker Nunatak
Walker Nunatak (67°55′S 63°15′E﻿ / ﻿67.917°S 63.250°E﻿ / -67.917; 63.250) is a small nunatak 10 nautical miles (18 km) east of Branson Nunatak on the east edge of the Framnes Mountains, Mac. Robertson Land. Photographed from ANARE (Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions) aircraft in 1962, and seen by an ANARE dog-sledge party in January 1963. Named by Antarctic Names Committee of Australia (ANCA) for K.G. Walker, assistant cook at Mawson Station in 1962, a member of the sledge party.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Walker Nunatak". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Mac. Robertson Land
Mac. Robertson Land is the portion of Antarctica lying southward of the coast between William Scoresby Bay and Cape Darnley. It is located at 70°00′S 65°00′E﻿ / ﻿70.000°S 65.000°E﻿ / -70.000; 65.000. In the east, Mac. Robertson Land includes the Prince Charles Mountains. It was named by the British Australian and New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition (BANZARE) (1929–1931), under Sir Douglas Mawson, after Sir Macpherson Robertson of Melbourne, a patron of the expedition.

From 1965 onward, members of the SAE (Soviet Antarctic Expeditions) began undertaking geological fieldwork in the Prince Charles Mountains, eventually establishing a base, Soyuz Station, on the eastern shore of Beaver Lake in the northern Prince Charles Mountains.
Josef Matthias Hauer
Josef Matthias Hauer (March 19, 1883 – September 22, 1959) was an Austrian composer and music theorist. He is best known for developing, independent of and a year or two before Arnold Schoenberg, a method for composing with all 12 notes of the chromatic scale. Hauer was also an important early theorist of twelve-tone music and composition.

Hauer "detested all art that expressed ideas, programmes or feelings," instead believing that it was "essential...to raise music to its highest...level,"  a "purely spiritual, supersensual music composed according to impersonal rules," and many of his compositions reflect this in their direct, often athematic, 'cerebral' approach.  Hauer's music is diverse, however, and not all of it embraces this aesthetic position.

Chromatic scale
In Western music, a chromatic scale (or twelve-tone scale) is a set of twelve pitches (more completely, pitch classes) divided equally or approximately equally within an octave. An interval between adjacent notes in a chromatic scale is called a semitone. Chromatic instruments, such as the piano, are made to produce the chromatic scale, while other instruments capable of continuously variable pitch, such as the trombone and violin, can also produce microtones, or notes between those available on a piano.

Most tonal Western music is structured around scales with fewer than 12 pitches per octave, such as diatonic scales. This music primarily uses an appropriate subset of the chromatic scale.
George Goring (died 1602)
George Goring (died 1602), was an English politician.

He was the eldest son of George Goring of Ovingdean, Lewes, Sussex, on whose death in 1594 he inherited property, including Danny Park, and huge debts of some £20,000.

He was made a Gentleman pensioner in 1578. He was elected a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Lewes in 1593 and 1601.

He married Anne, the daughter of Henry Denny of Waltham Abbey, Essex; they had 5 sons and 4 daughters. His son George was created Earl of Norwich.

Danny House
Danny House is a Grade I listed Elizabethan red brick mansion near Hurstpierpoint in West Sussex, England. It lies at the northern foot of Wolstonbury Hill and may be regarded as one of the finest stately houses in Sussex, with 56 bedrooms and 28 apartments. The present house was built 1593–95 by George Goring, on the site of an older house. It is set in eight acres (32,000 m2) of gardens at the foot of the South Downs within an historic parkland of some 400 acres, which was granted by royal charter in 1333.
2005 Rally of Turkey
The 2005 Rally of Turkey (formally the 6th Rally of Turkey) was the seventh round of the 2005 World Rally Championship. The rally was held over four days between 2 June and 5 June 2005, and was won by Citroën's Sébastien Loeb, his 15th win in the World Rally Championship and a fourth consecutive win, equaling the record set by Timo Salonen in 1985.

Timo Salonen
Timo Salonen (born 8 October 1951) is a Finnish former rally driver who won the 1985 World Rally Championship season for Peugeot. It was commented of him that he stood out from other drivers, because he was overweight, wore thick glasses and smoked heavily, but still remained one of the fastest and most competitive drivers in the sport. He was also known for his relaxed attitude and for his habit of steering his rally car with one hand only. These factors led to the nickname Löysä ("Slack").
With his 11 rally wins he remained the most successful driver of Group B era (1983–1986) of WRC.
Helsinki Committee for Human Rights
Helsinki Committees for Human Rights exist in many European countries (and in the wider OSCE region) as volunteer, non-profit organizations devoted to the protection of human rights. Presumably named after the Helsinki Accords, they were formerly organized into the International Helsinki Federation for Human Rights (IHF), based in Vienna.

Helsinki Watch
Helsinki Watch was a private American non-governmental organization established by Robert L. Bernstein in 1978, designed to monitor the former Soviet Union's compliance with the 1975 Helsinki Accords. Expanding in size and scope, Helsinki Watch began using media coverage to document human-rights violations committed by abusive governments. Since its inception, it produced several other watch committees dedicated to monitoring human rights in other parts of the world. In 1988, Helsinki Watch and its companion watch committees combined to form Human Rights Watch.
Randy Roth
Randy Roth (born December 26, 1954) is a convicted murderer and thief from Washington. He was convicted of the 1991 murder of his fourth wife, Cynthia Baumgartner Roth, and he was suspected of murdering his second wife, Janis Roth, in 1981, but was never tried. In both deaths, he was the only witness. He claimed the activities that led to the deaths were the ideas of his deceased wives (“romantic” notions in both cases) and he had the bodies cremated as quickly as could be arranged. He was also convicted of stealing in the form of defrauding insurers and the Social Security Administration. In 1975, he  was sentenced to one year for theft, then in 1992 was sentenced to  50 years for first degree murder. At least two true crime books are based on Roth's crimes, A Rose for Her Grave by Ann Rule and Fatal Charm by Carlton Smith.

Hamburger Hill
Hamburger Hill is a 1987 American war film set during the Battle of Hamburger Hill, a May 1969 assault during the Vietnam War by the U.S. Army's 3rd Battalion, 187th Infantry, 101st Airborne Division, on a ridge of Dong Ap Bia near the Laotian border in central Vietnam. The ridge was a well-fortified position, including trenchworks and bunkers, of the North Vietnamese Army. U.S. military records of the battle refer to the mountain as "Hill 937," its map designation having been derived from the high elevation of the hill at 937 meters (3,074 ft).

Written by James Carabatsos and directed by John Irvin, the film starred Michael Boatman, Don Cheadle, Dylan McDermott (his film debut), Courtney B. Vance, Steven Weber and Tim Quill. It was produced by RKO Pictures and distributed by Paramount Pictures, and was shot in the Philippines. The novelization was written by William Pelfrey.
Alabama Creole people
Alabama Creoles (French: Créoles de l'Alabama) are a Louisiana French group native to the region around Mobile, Alabama. They are the descendants of colonial French and Spanish settlers who arrived in Mobile in the 18th century. They are sometimes known as Cajans or Cajuns (French: Cadjins) although they are distinct from the Cajuns of southern Louisiana, and most do not trace their roots to the French settlers of Acadia. Rather, many identify with French fur traders and blacksmiths who traveled directly from France to the New World in hopes of establishing a Free North America.

In 2024, Congressman Shomari Figures (D) became the first Mobile Cajun elected to the US House of Representatives. State Senator Vivian Davis Figures (D) became the first Cajun woman elected to the Alabama Senate in the 2000s.

Shomari Figures
Shomari Coleman Figures (born September 3, 1985) is an American politician and attorney serving as the U.S. representative from Alabama's 2nd congressional district since 2025. A member of the Democratic Party, Figures was first elected in 2024.
Tomeček
Tomeček (feminine Tomečková) is a Czech surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Jakub Tomeček (born 1991), Czech sport shooter

Jan Tomeček (born 1990), Czech ice hockey player

Lubomír Tomeček (born 1979), Czech mountain bike orienteer

Nikola Tomečková (born 1974), Czech javelin thrower

Vojtěch Tomeček (born 1994), Czech professional ice hockey player

Samuel Tomeček (born 1989), Slovak singer

Nikola Brejchová
Nikola Brejchová, née Tomečková (Czech pronunciation: [ˈnɪkola ˈbrɛjxovaː ˈtomɛtʃkovaː]; born 25 June 1974 in Zlín) is a Czech javelin thrower. Her personal best throw is 65.91 metres, achieved in August 2004 in Linz.
Shorty Brown
Colonel Richard Frederick "Shorty" Brown SM MMM (born 15 November 1930) was an artillery officer who commanded the South African Artillery, School of Artillery (two separate occasions) and 4 Field Regiment

South African Army Artillery Formation
The South African Army Artillery Formation is the controlling entity of all South African Army artillery units. It draws much of its history from the South African Artillery, established in 1934 but with roots that reach back to 1921. The formation consists of both regular and reserve units. There is a separate South African Army Air Defence Artillery Formation that directs army anti-aircraft warfare units.
Chestnut (horse anatomy)
The chestnut, also known as a night eye, is a callosity on the body of a horse or other equine, found on the inner side of the leg above the knee on the foreleg and, if present, below the hock on the hind leg.  It is believed to be a vestigial toe, and along with the ergot form the three toes of some other extinct Equidae. Darren Naish dissents from this belief, noting that the chestnut is "not associated with the metacarpus or metatarsus, the only places where digits occur."

Chestnuts vary in size and shape and are sometimes compared to the fingerprints in humans. For purposes of identification, some breed registries require photographs of them, among other individual characteristics. However, because chestnuts grow over time and horse groomers often peel or trim off the outer layers for neatness, their appearance is subject to change.

Breed registry
A breed registry, also known as a herdbook, studbook or register, in animal husbandry, the hobby of animal fancy, is an official list of animals within a specific breed whose parents are known. Animals are usually registered by their breeders while they are young. The terms studbook and register are also used to refer to lists of male animals "standing at stud", that is, those animals actively breeding, as opposed to every known specimen of that breed. Such registries usually issue certificates for each recorded animal, called a pedigree, pedigreed animal documentation, or most commonly, an animal's "papers". Registration papers may consist of a simple certificate or a listing of ancestors in the animal's background, sometimes with a chart showing the lineage.
Giresun Atatürk Stadium
Giresun Atatürk Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Giresun, Turkey.  It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of TFF First League team Giresunspor.

The stadium was built in 1941 and holds 12191 people.

Home (sports)
In sports, home is the place and venue identified with a sports team. Most professional teams are named for, and marketed to, particular metropolitan areas; amateur teams may be drawn from a particular region, or from institutions such as schools or universities. When they play in that venue, they are said to be the "home team"; when the team plays elsewhere, they are the away, visiting, or road team. Home teams wear home colors.
Precision Air
Precision Air Services Plc (operating as Precision Air; DSE:PAL) is a Tanzanian airline based at Julius Nyerere International Airport in Dar es Salaam. The airline operates scheduled passenger services to Nairobi and Comoros; and to various airports and airstrips in Tanzania. Kenya Airways owns 41.23% of the airline, and is a component company of the Tanzania All Share Index.

It is currently banned from flying into the EU

LAM Mozambique Airlines
LAM - Mozambique Airlines, S. A. (LAM  - Linhas Aéreas de Moçambique, S. A.) or Linhas Aéreas de Moçambique, Ltd., operating as LAM Mozambique Airlines (Portuguese: LAM Linhas Aéreas de Moçambique), is the flag carrier of Mozambique. The airline was established by the Portuguese colonial government of Mozambique in August 1936 as a charter carrier named DETA - Direcção de Exploração de Transportes Aéreos,  and was renamed in 1980 following reorganisation. LAM Mozambique Airlines is based in Maputo, and has its hub at Maputo International Airport. It operates scheduled services in Southern Africa. The company is a member of the International Air Transport Association, and of the African Airlines Association since 1976.
Piano Concerto No. 2 (MacMillan)
The Piano Concerto No. 2 is a composition for solo piano and string orchestra by the Scottish composer James MacMillan.  The work was commissioned by the New York City Ballet and was first performed at Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts on May 8, 2004, by the pianist Cameron Grant and the New York City Ballet Orchestra under MacMillan.  The original ballet performance was choreographed by Christopher Wheeldon.  The piece is dedicated in memory of the poet Edwin Muir.

String orchestra
A string orchestra is an orchestra consisting solely of a string section made up of the bowed strings used in Western Classical music.  The instruments of such an orchestra are most often the following:  the violin, which is divided into first and second violin players (each usually playing different parts), the viola, the cello, and usually, but not always, the double bass.

String orchestras can be of chamber orchestra size ranging from between 12 (4 first violins, 3 second violins, 2 violas, 2 cellos and 1 bass = 12) and 21 musicians (6 first violins, 5 second violins, 4 violas, 4 cellos and 2 double basses= 21) sometimes performing without a conductor. It could also consist of the entire string section of a large symphony orchestra which could have 60 musicians (16 first violins, 14 second violins, 12 violas, 10 cellos and 8 double basses = 60; Gurre-Lieder calls for 84: 20.20.16.16.12).
Karavanserai-ye Shalil
Karavanserai-ye Shalil (Persian: كاروانسراي شليل, also Romanized as Kāravānserāī-ye Shalīl; also known as Kārevānsarā) is a village in Shalil Rural District, Miankuh District, Ardal County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 21, in 4 families. The village is populated by Lurs.

Lurs
The Lurs, Lors or Luris (Persian: لر) are an Iranian people living in western and southern Iran. The four Luri branches are the Bakhtiari, Mamasani, Kohgiluyeh and Lur proper, who are principally linked by the Luri language.

Lorestan province is named after the Lurs, but not all Lurs live in Lorestan, nor are all the inhabitants of Lorestan ethnic Lurs. Many Lurs live in other provinces of Iran including Fars, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad, Khuzestan, Hamadan, Isfahan, Tehran southern Ilam province, and Genaveh county in Bushehr province.
Estadio General Pablo Rojas
Estadio General Pablo Rojas, locally known as La Olla or La Nueva Olla and for sponsorship reasons known as Estadio ueno La Nueva Olla, is a football stadium in the neighbourhood of Barrio Obrero in Asunción, Paraguay.  It is the home of Cerro Porteño. The stadium's nickname, La Olla, meaning The Pot in English, was given by the club's former president, General Pablo Rojas, after whom the stadium was named following his death. The stadium was used during the 1999 Copa América, hosting a Group C fixture between Uruguay and Colombia.  The stadium seats slighty over 45,000 spectators and has balconies, car parking, food courts and canteens in all sectors.

Obrero (Asunción)
Obrero, also known as Barrio Obrero, is a neighbourhood (barrio) of Asunción, the capital and largest city of Paraguay. In 2002, the neighborhood recorded a population of 19,823 people. Its name stems from the word "worker" (obrero) in reference to the working class people who founded and today account for the majority of the population.
Pamela Dean
Pamela Collins Dean Dyer-Bennet (born 1953), better known as Pamela Dean, is an American fantasy author whose best-known book is Tam Lin, based on the Child Ballad of the same name, in which the Scottish fairy story is set on a midwestern college campus loosely based on her alma mater, Carleton College in Minnesota.

Child Ballads
The Child Ballads are 305 traditional ballads from England and Scotland, and their American variants, anthologized by Francis James Child during the second half of the 19th century. Their lyrics and Child's studies of them were published as The English and Scottish Popular Ballads. The tunes of most of the ballads were collected and published by Bertrand Harris Bronson in and around the 1960s.
Skyway Theatre
The Skyway Theatre is a historic entertainment venue located in downtown Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States. Originally opened in 1986 as a movie theater, it has since evolved into a prominent multi-stage live performance venue. Since 2011, Skyway Theatre has served as a key player in the local and national live music scene, offering a space for concerts, electronic dance music (EDM) events, comedy shows, and other forms of entertainment. The venue has become a notable destination for both established and emerging artists across various genres.

Entertainment district
An entertainment district is a type of arts district with a high concentration of movie theaters, theatres or other entertainment venues. Such areas may be officially designated by local governments with functional zoning regulations, as well as public and private investment in distinctive urban design.
Karita Mattila
Karita Marjatta Mattila (born 5 September 1960) is a Finnish operatic soprano.

Mattila appears regularly in the major opera houses worldwide, including the Metropolitan Opera, the Royal Opera House in London, Théâtre du Châtelet, Opéra Bastille, the Lyric Opera of Chicago, San Francisco Opera, Houston Grand Opera, Vienna State Opera, Toronto Roy Thomson Hall, and Großes Festspielhaus in Salzburg.

Théâtre du Châtelet
The Théâtre du Châtelet (French pronunciation: [teɑtʁ dy ʃɑtlɛ]) is a theatre and opera house, located on the Place du Châtelet in the 1st arrondissement of Paris, France.

One of two theatres (the other being the Théâtre de la Ville) built on the site of a châtelet, a small castle or fortress, it was designed by Gabriel Davioud at the request of Baron Haussmann between 1860 and 1862. Originally named the Théâtre Impérial du Châtelet, it has undergone remodeling and name changes over the years. Currently it seats 2,500 people.
Ferfer
Ferfer is a town in the Ethiopian Somali Regional State, on the border with the Somali Hiran region (Beledweyne District).  The town straddles the disputed 1950s-era Provisional Administrative Line (as depicted on virtually all worldwide maps, atlases, and geographic websites) that separates the Ogaden region of Ethiopia from Somalia, and has a latitude and longitude of 05°05′N 45°08′E﻿ / ﻿5.083°N 45.133°E﻿ / 5.083; 45.133 with an elevation of 230 meters above sea level.

During the first three months of 1964, heavy fighting took place between Ethiopia and Somalia at several border points in the Ogaden, one of which was Ferfer. Ferfer was among the locations within Ethiopia that were still under Somali control after Somalia's defeat in the Ogaden War of 1977/78.

The Ethiopian army maintains an important base in Ferfer. In June 2008, the border town was briefly seized by the Somali al-Shabaab.

Somali Region
The Somali Region (Somali: Dawlad Deegaanka Soomaalida, Amharic: ሱማሌ ክልል, romanized: Sumalē Kilil, Arabic: المنطقة الصومالية), also known as Soomaali Galbeed (lit. 'Western Somalia') and officially the Somali Regional State, is a regional state in eastern Ethiopia. It is the second largest region of Ethiopia in terms of area. The state borders the Ethiopian regions of Afar and Oromia to the west, as well as Djibouti to the north, Somaliland to the northeast, Somalia to the east and south; and Kenya to the southwest. Jijiga is the capital of the state.

The Somali regional government is composed of the executive branch, led by the President; the legislative branch, which comprises the State Council; and the judicial branch, which is led by the State Supreme Court.