hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Visionaries: Small Solutions to Enormously Large Problems
Visionaries: Small Solutions to Enormously Large Problems is an Australian television series of documentary films written and directed by Tony Gailey and Julian Russell. Each of the seven films examines the work of a living person who is a revolutionary thinker in their field. What the subjects have in common is a creative contribution to humanity that has the potential to elicit a paradigm shift. They either apply a pragmatic conceptual framework for addressing global socioeconomic problems, or a radical scientific model for understanding a system.

The Australian Broadcasting Corporation premiered Visionaries in 1989; Channel 4 in the United Kingdom began transmitting the series in the following year. The series was produced by 220 Productions with funding from Film Finance Corporation Australia.

The individual films have been published on VHS home video and, in some cases, DVD.

Conceptual framework
A conceptual framework is an analytical tool with several variations and contexts. It can be applied in different categories of work where an overall picture is needed. It is used to make conceptual distinctions and organize ideas. Strong conceptual frameworks capture something real and do this in a way that is easy to remember and apply.
Miguel Cordero del Campillo
Miguel Cordero del Campillo (12 January 1925 – 12 February 2020) was a Spanish veterinarian and politician who served as an independent Senator from 1977 to 1979, and as rector of the University of León between 1984 and 1986. He pioneered research into parasitology in Spain, and was recognised as an expert in parasitology.

Cordero del Campillo was born in 1925 in Vegamián, in the Province of León, Spain. He studied veterinary medicine at the veterinary faculty of the University of León, and graduated in 1947, before receiving his doctorate from Madrid in 1952. In 1963, he became a professor at the veterinary faculty of the University of León. From 1983-84, he was vice-rector of the University of León, and from 1984-84 was rector, the position of highest academic authority at the university.

In 1978, he was awarded the Civil Order of Alfonso X, the Wise and in 1985 the Grand Cross of the Civil Order of Health.

Province of León
León (UK: /leɪˈɒn/, US: /leɪˈoʊn/; Spanish: [leˈon]; Leonese: Llión [ʎiˈoŋ]; Galician: [leˈoŋ]) is a province of northwestern Spain in the northern part of the Region of León and in the northwestern part of the autonomous community of Castile and León.

About one quarter of its population of 463,746 (2018) lives in the capital, León. The climate is dry, cold in winter and hot in summer. This creates the perfect environment for wine and all types of cold meats and sausages like the leonese "Morcilla" and the "Cecina".

There are two famous Roman Catholic cathedrals in the province, the main one in León and another in Astorga. The province shares the Picos de Europa National Park (in the Picos de Europa mountain range) with Cantabria and Asturias. It has 211 municipalities.
Jōdan-no-kamae
Jōdan-no-kamae (上段の構え:じょうだんのかまえ), also known as jōdan-gamae, and frequently shortened simply to jōdan, is a basic kenjutsu posture. (It is also found in naginatajutsu but is far less used due to the length of the weapon involved.) Jōdan-no-kamae means upper-level posture (lit. 'high/upper degree posture').

Jōdan
Jōdan (上段, lit. 'high/upper degree'), which in a martial arts context means something like "high level", is one of the three heights commonly referred to in Japanese martial arts. It refers to the upper part of the body, which includes the shoulders and above.
Le pendu
Le pendu is a French silent short film directed by Louis J. Gasnier and distributed in English-speaking countries under the titles The Man Who Hanged Himself and Attempted Suicide. The film was based on the eponymous song by Maurice Mac-Nab.

Louis J. Gasnier
Louis Joseph Gasnier (September 15, 1875 – February 15, 1963) was a French-American film director, producer, screenwriter and stage actor. A cinema pioneer, Gasnier shepherded the early career of comedian Max Linder, co-directed the enormously successful film serial The Perils of Pauline (1914). Gasnier capped his output with the notorious low-budget exploitation film Reefer Madness (1936) which though both a critical and box office failure, became a cult classic.
Nanjingyuanrendong station
Nanjingyuanrendong Station (Chinese: 南京猿人洞站; pinyin: Nánjīngyuánréndòng Zhàn) is one of the stations in Nanjing Metro Line S6. Its project name is Tangquanxilu Station (汤泉西路站), and it is located in Jiangning District, Nanjing. The station began operations with Line S6 on 28 December 2021. The station's namesake is the mammalian fossil bearing site of Nanjing Man.

Nanjing Man
Nanjing Man is a specimen of Homo erectus (possibly Homo pekinensis) found in China. Large fragments of one male and one female skull and a molar tooth were discovered in 1993 in Hulu Cave (Chinese: 葫芦洞; pinyin: Húlu dòng; lit. 'Calabash cave') on the Tangshan (汤山) hills in Jiangning District, Nanjing. The specimens were found in the Hulu limestone cave at a depth of 60–97 cm by Liu Luhong, a local worker. Dating the fossils yielded an estimated age of 580,000 to 620,000 years old.
Château-Chalon
Château-Chalon (French pronunciation: [ʃato ʃalɔ̃]; Arpitan: Tsétiâ-Tsalon) is a commune in the Jura department, Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, eastern France.

The commune is perched on a cliff in the first fold of the Jura mountains. It is reached from the west by a road with numerous hairpin curves. Its location has earned its nomination as one of the Most Beautiful Villages of France.

Although the west side of the village is a sheer cliff, the east side slopes gently away in vineyards known for their wine, including their white wine, Château-Chalon AOC.

Jura Mountains
The Jura Mountains (/ˈdʒʊərə, ˈʒʊərə/ JOOR-ə, ZHOOR-ə) are a sub-alpine mountain range, a short distance north of the Western Alps, and mainly demarcate a long part of the French–Swiss border. While the Jura range proper ("folded Jura", Faltenjura) is located in France and Switzerland, the range continues northeastwards through northern Switzerland and Germany as the Table Jura ("not folded Jura", Tafeljura), which is crossed by the High Rhine.
Robert Henry Elliot
Robert Henry Elliot, (1837–1914), was an early British coffee planter in Mysore, India. He was the author of books about plantation life in Mysore and about farming in Scotland. He came from Kelso, Roxburghshire, Scotland.

Roxburghshire
Roxburghshire or the County of Roxburgh is a historic county and registration county in the Southern Uplands of Scotland. It borders Dumfriesshire to the west, Selkirkshire and Midlothian to the northwest, and Berwickshire to the north. To the southwest it borders Cumberland and to the southeast Northumberland, both in England.

It was named after the Royal Burgh of Roxburgh, a town which declined markedly in the 15th century and is no longer in existence. Latterly, the county town of Roxburghshire was Jedburgh.

The county has much the same area as Teviotdale, the basin drained by the River Teviot and tributaries, together with the adjacent stretch of the Tweed into which it flows. The term is often treated as synonymous with Roxburghshire, but may omit Liddesdale as Liddel Water drains to the west coast.
Marasmiaceae
The Marasmiaceae are a family of fungi in the order Agaricales. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are most frequently agarics (gilled mushrooms), but occasionally cyphelloid (in the genus Cellypha). According to a 2008 estimate, the family contained 54 genera and 1590 species, but molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences, has led to a more restricted family concept, so that the Marasmiaceae included just 13 genera, and some 1205 species. It was reduced further down in 2020, to 10 genera and about 700 species.

Agaricales
The Agaricales are an order of fungi in the division Basidiomycota. As originally conceived, the order contained all the agarics (gilled mushrooms), but subsequent research has shown that not all agarics are closely related and some belong in other orders, such as the Russulales and Boletales. Conversely, DNA research has also shown that many non-agarics, including some of the clavarioid fungi (clubs and corals) and gasteroid fungi (puffballs and false truffles) belong within the Agaricales. The order has 46 extant families, more than 400 genera, and over 25,000 described species, along with six extinct genera known only from the fossil record. Species in the Agaricales range from the familiar Agaricus bisporus (cultivated mushroom) and the deadly Amanita virosa (destroying angel) to the coral-like Clavaria zollingeri (violet coral) and bracket-like Fistulina hepatica (beefsteak fungus).
Markus Svendsen
Markus Svendsen (born 28 February 1941 in Havøysund) is a Norwegian skier. He was born in Havøysund and represented the club IL i BUL, Oslo. He competed in Nordic combined at the 1968 Winter Olympics in Grenoble, where he placed 27th.

IL i BUL
Idrottslaget i Bondeungdomslaget i Oslo (also BUL, Oslo) is a sports club in Oslo, Norway, founded on 8 January 1913. It is one of several branches of Bondeungdomslaget i Oslo, a local chapter of Noregs Mållag and Noregs Ungdomslag.

IL i BUL has sections for track and field athletics and skiing, and has previously been active in orienteering, football, and handball.
Gandhi Brigade (regiment)
The Gandhi Brigade or the 2nd Guerrilla Regiment of the  Indian National Army formed a part of the First INA and later formed a part of the 1st Division after its revival under Subhas Chandra Bose.

Formed in September 1942, named after the Indian freedom fighter Mahatma Gandhi, the unit came under the command of Col Inayat Kiani and consisted of two infantry battalions, 1st battalion was commanded by Captain Malik Munawar Khan Awan. It participated in the INA's Imphal Campaign where Munawar initially routed the 16th Indian Infantry Division and caused heavy casualties through frequent ambushes. It later came under the command of Shah Nawaz Khan in 1944 and fought around the Irrawaddy, against the successful Allied Burma Campaign.

Malik Munawar Khan Awan
Malik Munawar Khan Awan (ملک منور خان اعوان) was a Major rank officer in the Pakistan Army, whose  career had begun in the British Indian Army and included spells in the Imperial Japanese Army and the revolutionary Indian National Army that fought against the Allies in World War II where he commanded 2nd INA Guerrilla Battalion during famous Battle of Imphal. He received a gallantry award for his work during Operation Gibraltar in 1965.
Nova Vas pod Rifnikom
Nova Vas pod Rifnikom (pronounced [ˈnɔːʋa ˈʋaːs pɔd ˈɾiːfnikɔm], Slovene: Nova vas pod Rifnikom, German: Neudorf) is a former settlement in the Municipality of Šentjur in eastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The municipality is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region.

Municipality of Šentjur
The Municipality of Šentjur (Slovene: Občina Šentjur), named Municipality of Šentjur pri Celju (Občina Šentjur pri Celju) until 2002, is a municipality in eastern Slovenia. The town of Šentjur is the seat of the municipality. With an area of 223 square kilometers (86 sq mi) it is one of the larger municipalities in Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The municipality is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region. Saint George appears on the municipal coat of arms.
Global Call to Action Against Poverty
The Global Call to Action Against Poverty (GCAP) is a network of over 11,000 civil society organizations (CSOs) dedicated to social justice, established in 2005 during the World Social Forum in Porto Allegre. It represents approximately 58 national groups. It serves as a platform for individuals and organizations to unite against systemic factors perpetuating poverty and inequalities.

At its foundation, GCAP adopted the white band symbol. It co-led the significant single-issue campaign, "Stand UP Against Poverty," earning international recognition.

GCAP is recognized as one of the world's largest civil society movements.

Civil society organization
A civil society organization (CSO) is a group of people that operates in the community in a way that is distinct from both government and business. Please see:

Civil society

Nonprofit organization

Non-governmental organization
John Harmon (coach)
John Millard Harmon (May 20, 1895 – October 18, 1974) was an American football, basketball, and baseball coach and college athletics administrator. He served as the head football coach at Central Wesleyan College in Warrenton, Missouri from 1921 to 1922, the University of Evansville in Evansville, Indiana from 1923 to 1929, and Boston University in 1933. Harmon was also the head basketball coach at Central Wesleyan from 1921 to 1923, Evansville from 1923 to 1930, and Boston University from 1932 to 1935. He was the head baseball coach at Evansville from 1924 to 1927 and at Boston University from 1933 to 1935. He also served as the athletic director at Boston University from 1935 to 1951.

Harmon retired 1959 and moved to Ottawa, Kansas in 1960. He died on October 18, 1974, at Cedarhouse Nursing Home in Ottawa.

Ottawa, Kansas
Ottawa (pronounced /ˈɒtəwɑː/)  is a city in and the county seat of Franklin County, Kansas, United States.  It is located on both banks of the Marais des Cygnes River near the center of Franklin County.  As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 12,625.  It is the home of Ottawa University.
Massacre in the Jesuit monastery on Rakowiecka Street, Warsaw
The massacre in the Jesuit monastery on Rakowiecka Street in Warsaw was a Nazi German war crime perpetrated by members of the Waffen-SS on the second day (2 August) of the Warsaw Uprising, during the World War II. On 2 August 1944 about 40 Poles were murdered and their bodies burnt in the basement of the Jesuit monastery at 61 Rakowiecka Street in Warsaw. Among the victims were 16 priests and religious brothers of the Society of Jesus.

Religious brother
A religious brother (abbreviated Br. or Bro. as a title) is a lay male member of a religious institute or religious order who commits himself to following Christ in consecrated life, usually by the vows of poverty, chastity and obedience. Equivalent to a religious sister, a religious brother typically lives in a religious community and works in a ministry appropriate to his capabilities.

A brother might practice any secular occupation. Some religious institutes are composed only of brothers; others are made up of brothers and clerics (priests or ministers, and seminarians).

In some Christian groups, members refer to each other as "brother" or "sister". For example, Shakers use the title for all adult male members.
Thomas R. Morgan
General Thomas Rowland Morgan (January 6, 1930 – December 6, 2024) was an American Marine Corps general who served as Assistant Commandant of the United States Marine Corps from June 1986 until his retirement on July 1, 1988.

VMFA-312
Marine Fighter Attack Squadron 312 (VMFA-312) is a United States Marine Corps F/A-18C Hornet squadron. Also known as the Checkerboards, the squadron is based at Marine Corps Air Station Beaufort, South Carolina and falls under the command of Marine Aircraft Group 31 (MAG-31) and the 2nd Marine Aircraft Wing (2nd MAW). The radio callsign is "Check / Carlos."
4-Amino-3-hydrazino-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole
4-Amino-3-hydrazino-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole is an organic compound with the formula SC2N3H(NH2)(N2H3). The compound consists of a 1,2,4-triazole heterocycle with three functional groups: amine, thioamide and hydrazyl.  X-ray crystallography shows that this molecule is polar but with a C=S double bond. It is prepared by the reaction of hydrazine with thiourea:

2 SC(NH2)2 + 3 N2H4 → SC2N3H(NH2)(N2H3) + 4 NH3 + H2S

The compound has been used as a reagent for the colorimetric detection of aldehydes.

Reagent
In chemistry, a reagent (/riˈeɪdʒənt/ ree-AY-jənt) or analytical reagent is a substance or compound added to a system to cause a chemical reaction, or test if one occurs. A reactant is a substance or compound that is consumed in a chemical reaction. The terms reactant and reagent are often used interchangeably, but reactant specifies a substance consumed in the course of a chemical reaction; reagent is used in the context of chemical analysis, while reactant is used in the context of reaction itself. Solvents, though involved in the reaction mechanism, are usually not called reactants. Similarly, catalysts are not consumed by the reaction, so they are not reactants. In biochemistry, especially in connection with enzyme-catalyzed reactions, the reactants are commonly called substrates.
Horrid Henry (TV series)
Horrid Henry is a British animated children's television series based on the British children's book series Horrid Henry by Francesca Simon. The series is produced by British company Novel Entertainment; Canada-based studio Nelvana distributed the program internationally until 2008. It was broadcast from 30 October 2006 to 17 May 2019 on CITV. It is currently available to stream on Netflix in the UK. 250 episodes were produced in total.

Cartoon Network (Asia)
Cartoon Network is a pan-Asian television channel that primarily broadcasts animated series. Operated by Warner Bros. Discovery under its International division, the channel is broadcast from its headquarters in Singapore and Jakarta, Indonesia to audiences in its country of location, as well as to Hong Kong and several areas in the Asian continent. It was launched on 6 October 1994.
Goonumbla, New South Wales
Goonumbla is a bounded rural locality in Parkes Shire, Central, New South Wales.   
Goonumbla is about 299km west-northwest of NSW's capital city of Sydney, and is on the Parkes–Narromine railway line. The population is about 320. The suburb of Alec town is  to the east and Parkes township is 10 km to the south.

Goonumbla was first opened up during the Gold Rush, but has since become predominantly Agricultural in nature. The railway station has closed.

Central, New South Wales
Central is an urban place around Central railway station in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. It is located in the Sydney central business district and is part of the local government area of the City of Sydney. The locality is in the inner-city suburbs of Surry Hills and Haymarket and is close to Chinatown. Its postcode is 2000.

A bus interchange served by Transdev John Holland and Transit Systems services is located outside Central railway station in Eddy Avenue. Belmore Park, a famous gathering place in Sydney's history, is located opposite the railway station. Special events are often held in Belmore Park, such as Chinese New Year celebrations, which include animal lanterns.
N-Methylhydroxylamine
N-Methylhydroxylamine or methylhydroxylamine is a hydroxylamine derivative with a methyl group replacing one of the hydrogens of the amino group. It is an isomer of methoxyamine and aminomethanol. It decomposes in an exothermic reaction (-63 kJ/mol) into methane and azanone unless stored as a hydrochloride salt.

The compound is commercially available as its hydrochloride salt. This can be produced by electrochemical reduction of nitromethane in hydrochloric acid using a copper anode and a graphite cathode.

Hydrochloride
In chemistry, a hydrochloride is an acid salt resulting, or regarded as resulting, from the reaction of hydrochloric acid with an organic base (e.g. an amine). An alternative name is chlorhydrate, which comes from French. An archaic alternative name is muriate, derived from hydrochloric acid's ancient name: muriatic acid.
Mamawi Atosketan Native School
Mamawi Atosketan Native School (MANS) is an independent Christian school located just north of Ponoka, Alberta, Canada, that is affiliated with the Seventh-day Adventist Church.  The school primarily serves Cree students near Maskwacis, and it offers a special native studies program to its students.  The school is the only native school in Canada that is operated by the Seventh-day Adventist church.

Ponoka, Alberta
Ponoka /pəˈnoʊkə/ is a town in central Alberta, Canada. It is located at the junction of Highway 2A and Highway 53, 59 kilometres (37 mi) north of Red Deer and 95 kilometres (59 mi) south of Edmonton.

The name Ponoka is Blackfoot for "elk", which is the animal depicted in the town flag. Ponoka County's municipal office is located in Ponoka.
Pezë
Pezë (Albanian definite form: Peza) is a former municipality in the Tirana County, central Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became a subdivision of the municipality Tirana. The population at the 2011 census was 6,272. Peza was the headquarters of the National Liberation Movement of Albania.  Myslym Peza (1 May 1897 – 7 February 1984) was a distinguished World War II veteran who led the anti-fascist movement "Çeta e Pezës", the members of which founded the Communist Party of Albania. Born and raised in Peza, the conference of Peza occurred in his home. It has a population of about 5,700 as of the 2023 census.

Municipalities of Albania
Municipalities (Albanian: bashki or bashkitë) are the second-level administrative divisions of Albania, below the counties and above the communes. Since the most recent administrative reforms in 2014, Albania has 61 municipalities.
Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 1907–1908
This is a list of members of the 16th Legislative Assembly of Queensland from May 1907 to February 1908, as elected at the 1907 state election held on 18 May 1907.

The Kidstonites, led by Premier William Kidston in the days before organised political parties and consisting of former Labour and Liberal MPs, won the election; however, Kidston resigned his commission in protest at the Governor's refusal to appoint more members to the Queensland Legislative Council in order to facilitate the passage of key reform measures. The Conservative Opposition leader, Robert Philp, was commissioned to form a government, but it could not command a majority on the floor of the Assembly, and ultimately the Assembly was dissolved and another election called.

Legislative Council of Queensland
The Legislative Council of Queensland was the upper house of the parliament in the Australian state of Queensland. It was a fully nominated body which first took office on 1 May 1860. It was abolished by the Constitution Amendment Act 1921, which took effect on 23 March 1922.

Consequently, the Legislative Assembly of Queensland is the only unicameral state Parliament in Australia. Two territories, the Northern Territory and Australian Capital Territory, also maintain unicameral parliaments.

Most of the early members of the Council came from wealthy families, were well educated and were born in England. Absenteeism was a problem in the early years, with some members returning to England, being absent for several years.
Fightland (2024)
Fightland (2024) was a professional wrestling live streaming event produced by Major League Wrestling (MLW). It took place on September 14, 2024, at Center Stage in Atlanta, Georgia. It was the sixth event in the Fightland chronology and featured the semi-finals and finals of the 2024 Opera Cup. The event streamed live on MLW's YouTube channel, with additional matches taped for the "Pit Fighters" special; which aired on September 26 on Bein Sports USA and YouTube.

BeIN Sports (American TV channel)
BeIN Sports USA is an American pay television sports channel that launched on August 16, 2012. It is part of the BeIN Sports family of channels, a subsidiary of the Qatari-based BeIN Media Group.

BeIN Sports USA primarily airs soccer; featuring coverage of Ligue 1, along with other leagues in Europe. The channel also airs rugby, auto racing, handball, motorcycle racing, tennis and volleyball. A companion network, beIN Sports en Español, carries simulcasts or alternate programming primarily in Spanish, with both networks offering secondary Spanish or English commentary via the second audio program option.

As of December 2023, BeIN Sports is available in 8.97 million households in the United States that subscribe to a pay television service, while beIN Sports en Español is available in 6.152 million.