hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ptolemy's map of Ireland
Ptolemy's map of Ireland is a part of his "first European map" in the series of maps included in his Geography, which he compiled in the second century AD in Roman Egypt and which is the oldest surviving map of Ireland. Ptolemy's own map does not survive, but is known from manuscript copies made during the Middle Ages and from the text of the Geography, which gives coordinates and place names. Ptolemy almost certainly never visited Ireland, but compiled the map based on military, trader, and traveller reports, along with his own mathematical calculations. Given the creation process, the time period involved, and the fact that the Greeks and Romans had limited contact with Ireland, it is considered remarkably accurate.

River Liffey
The River Liffey (Irish: An Life, historically An Ruirthe(a)ch) is a river in eastern Ireland that ultimately flows through the centre of Dublin to its mouth within Dublin Bay. Its major tributaries include the River Dodder, the River Poddle and the River Camac. The river supplies much of Dublin's water and supports a range of recreational activities.
Quilticohyla acrochorda
Quilticohyla acrochorda, commonly known as the warty mountain stream frog, is a species of frogs in the family Hylidae. It is endemic to Mexico and known from the Atlantic slopes of the Sierra Juárez in Oaxaca. Before being described as a new species in 2000, it was mixed with Ptychohyla erythromma. The specific name acrochorda is a Greek word for "wart" and refers to the distinctive white warts on the posterior surface of the thigh of this frog.

Sierra Juárez, Oaxaca
The Sierra Juárez is a range of mountains in Oaxaca state, Mexico between latitudes 17°20'-17°50'N and longitudes 96°15'-97°00'W, with an area of about 1,700 km2 (660 sq mi). It is part of the Sierra Madre de Oaxaca. The range is separated from the Sierra de Zongólica to the north by the Santo Domingo River, flowing through the Tecomavaca Canyon. It stretches south-eastward to the Cajones River and the Sierra de Villa Alta. The mountains are in the district of Ixtlán de Juárez in the Sierra Norte de Oaxaca region. The range is named after Mexico's only indigenous president, Benito Juárez, who was born here in 1806 in the small village of San Pablo Guelatao. The heavily wooded area is about 62 km (39 mi) from the city of Oaxaca on Federal highway 175, heading towards Tuxtepec.
1963–64 Swiss 1. Liga
The 1963–64 1. Liga season was the 32nd season of the 1. Liga since its creation in 1931. At this time, the 1. Liga was the third-tier of the Swiss football league system and it was the highest level of total amateur football. At this time, the clubs in the two higher divisions in Switzerland were beginning to employ professional or semi-professional players.

1964–65 Nationalliga A
The following is the summary of the Swiss National League in the 1964–65 football season, both Nationalliga A and Nationalliga B. This was the 68th season of top-tier and the 67th season of second-tier football in Switzerland.
Cherryville, South Australia
Cherryville is a small town in the Adelaide Hills, South Australia. It was named in around 1840 after the native cherry trees that grew in the area, although some historians claim that it was not named until 1892, when horticultural cherry plantings became widespread in the area. Prior to this, land holdings were typically of around 100 acres (40 ha) and used primarily for pastoralism or small-scale vegetable gardens.

Cherryville Post Office opened on 2 January 1899 and closed in 1974.

The town received national attention in May 2013 when the 2013 Cherryville bushfire burnt out 670 hectares (1,700 acres) of scrub and farmland surrounding the district. The fire was notable in that it occurred outside the fire-ban season, leading to calls to review the State's fire ban policy.

Exocarpos cupressiformis
Exocarpos cupressiformis is a tree belonging to the plant family Santalaceae. Its common names include native cherry, cherry ballart, and cypress cherry. It is a species endemic to Australia. Occasionally, the genus is spelled as "Exocarpus". Exocarpic acid, a rare fatty acid, is named after the tree.
Aaron Kreuter
Aaron Kreuter is a Canadian writer based in Toronto, Ontario.

He published his debut poetry collection Arguments for Lawn Chairs in 2016, and followed up with his first short story collection, You and Me, Belonging, in 2018.

You and Me, Belonging was a nominee for the 2019 ReLit Award for short fiction and the 2019 Vine Awards for Canadian Jewish Literature, and his poetry collection Shifting Baseline Syndrome was nominated for the Governor General's Award for English-language poetry at the 2022 Governor General's Awards.

Governor General's Award for English-language poetry
This is a list of recipients and nominees of the Governor General's Awards award for English-language poetry. The award was created in 1981 when the Governor General's Award for English language poetry or drama was divided.
Clarke baronets of Salford Shirland (1617)
The Clarke Baronetcy, of Salford Shirland in the County of Warwick, was created in the Baronetage of England on 1 May 1617 for Simon Clarke. He later supported the Royalist cause during the Civil War.

The fifth Baronet was convicted of highway robbery. He managed to escape the death penalty but was deported to Jamaica. The 6th baronet owned slaves and a plantation in Jamaica. He sent 5-year-old Amelia Lewsham as a present to his son. The title became either extinct or dormant on the death of the eleventh Baronet in 1898.

Amelia Lewsham
Amelia Lewsham or Amelia Harlequin or Amelia Newsham (c. 1748 – after 1797) was a Jamaican woman born with albinism, enslaved and exhibited as the "White Negress" in London, and subjected to medical and naturalists examination. She freed herself and became eventually a businesswoman successfully making exhibitions by her own.
Christian Albicker
Christian Albicker (5 January 1892 – 22 September 1934) was a Swiss footballer who played for FC Basel. He played mainly in the position as midfielder, but also as a striker.

Between the years 1907 and 1920, Albicker played a total of 126 games for Basel scoring a total of 58 goals.

Albicker played for the Swiss national football team on five occasions. His first game was on 9 March 1913 against France on 9 March 1913 in Geneva as Switzerland lost 1–4. In his fourth international game, also against France in Stade de Paris in Saint-Ouen, Seine-Saint-Denis, he scored the last minute equaliser in the 2–2 draw. His last international game was on 31 January 1915 in Turin in the 1–3 defeat against Italy.

FC Basel
Fussball Club Basel 1893, widely known as FC Basel, FCB, or just Basel, is a Swiss professional football club based in Basel, in the Canton of Basel-Stadt. Formed in 1893, the club has been Swiss national champions 21 times, Swiss Cup winners 14 times, and Swiss League Cup winners once.

Basel competed in UEFA competitions for 25 consecutive seasons between 1999–2000 and 2023–2024. They have qualified for the group stage of the Champions League more times than any other Swiss club – a total of seven times – and are the only Swiss club to have ever qualified to the said phase directly. In 2021, they set the new record for a Swiss team with the most successful international group stage campaign by reaching 14 points in their Europa Conference League group. Since 2001, the club has played its home games at St. Jakob-Park, built on the site of their previous home, St. Jakob Stadium. Their home colours are red and blue, leading to a nickname of RotBlau.
Badavi Guseynov
Badavi Ruslanovich Guseynov (Azerbaijani: Bədavi Ruslan oğlu Hüseynov; Russian: Бадави Русланович Гусейнов; born 11 July 1991) is an Azerbaijani football centre-back who is a player and captain of Qarabağ and Azerbaijan national football team.

Azerbaijan national football team
The Azerbaijan national football team (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan milli futbol komandası) is the national football team of Azerbaijan and is controlled by Association of Football Federations of Azerbaijan. It represents Azerbaijan in international football competitions. The majority of Azerbaijan's home matches are held at the national stadium, Baku Olympic Stadium, with friendly matches sometimes hosted at club stadiums.

The Azerbaijan national football team has taken part in qualification for each major tournament since Euro 1996, but has never qualified for the finals tournament of any World Cup or European Championships. Azerbaijan was the first Caucasus country to host a major football tournament, the UEFA Euro 2020.
Matti Antero Karjalainen
Matti Antero Karjalainen (April 2, 1946 – May 30, 2010) was a Finnish speech processing researcher and inventor in the fields of speech synthesis, speech analysis, speech technology, audio signal processing and psychoacoustics. He was the head of Acoustics Laboratory at the Helsinki University of Technology from 1980 to 2006.

Audio signal processing
Audio signal processing is a subfield of signal processing that is concerned with the electronic manipulation of audio signals. Audio signals are electronic representations of sound waves—longitudinal waves which travel through air, consisting of compressions and rarefactions. The energy contained in audio signals or sound power level is typically measured in decibels.  As audio signals may be represented in either digital or analog format, processing may occur in either domain.  Analog processors operate directly on the electrical signal, while digital processors operate mathematically on its digital representation.
1979 Sacramento State Hornets football team
The 1979 Sacramento State Hornets football team represented California State University, Sacramento as a member of the Far Western Conference (FWC) during the 1979 NCAA Division II football season. Led by second-year head coach Bob Mattos, Sacramento State compiled an overall record of 3–7 with a mark of 2–3 in conference play, placing in a three-way tie for fourth place the FWC. The team was outscored by its opponents 196 to 121 for the season. The Hornets played home games at Hornet Stadium in Sacramento, California.

Cal Poly Pomona was later determined to have used ineligible players during the 1979 season. As such, they were required to forfeit three games, including their non-conference victory over Sacramento State on September 29. With the forfeit, the Hornets' overall record improved to 4–6.

1979 Cal Poly Pomona Broncos football team
The 1979 Cal Poly Pomona Broncos football team represented California State Polytechnic University, Pomona as a member of the California Collegiate Athletic Association (CCAA) during the 1979 NCAA Division II football season. Led by Jim Jones in his third and final season as head coach, Cal Poly Pomona compiled an overall record of 3–8 with a mark of 0–2 in conference play, placing last out of three teams in the CCAA. The team was outscored by its opponents 287 to 200 for the season. The Broncos played home games at Kellogg Field in Pomona, California.
River Banwy
The River Banwy is a river about 19 miles (31 km) long in Powys, Wales. It is a tributary of the River Vyrnwy.

The Banwy rises in the hills near the pass which takes the A458 road between Mallwyd and Welshpool. The river is called Nant Cerrig-y-groes at its source near Moel y Llyn. Then flowing east, it joins a number of lesser streams before reaching Pont Twrch near the village of Y Foel, at its confluence with the river Twrch. Two miles further on, it is joined by the river Gam, which flows down from the Nant yr Eira, between Y Foel and Llangadfan.

After flowing past the small village of Llanerfyl the river meanders between hills of moderate altitude to reach a bridge at Llanfair Caereinion. For the last 5 miles (8.0 km) of its course it turns northwards through a narrow valley. 'Yr Hafesb' is its local name here. It passes Mathrafal, the seat and court of the kings of Powys. Its confluence with the Vyrnwy is near Newbridge.

A458 road
The A458 is a route on the UK highway network that runs from Mallwyd, near Machynlleth, in Wales, merging with the A456 Hagley Road and the Quinton Expressway on the outskirts of Birmingham, in England. On the way it passes through Welshpool, Shrewsbury, Much Wenlock, Bridgnorth, Stourbridge and Halesowen.
Men's Qatar Classic (squash) 2021
The Men's Qatar Classic 2021 was the men's edition of the 2021 Qatar Classic squash tournament, which was a 2021–22 PSA World Tour Platinum event (prize money: $187,500). The event took place at the Khalifa International Tennis and Squash Complex in Doha, Qatar from 17 to 23 October.

Diego Elías of Peru won his first PSA World Tour Platinum event title, and became the first Peruvian to win a major event on the PSA World Tour after defeating New Zealand's Paul Coll in the final, winning in four games with a score of 13–11, 5–11, 13–11, 11–9.

Diego Elías
Diego Elías Chehab (born November 19, 1996, in Lima) is a squash player who represents Peru. He is the 2023–24 World Champion. In April 2023, he reached a ranking of number 1  in the world, the first South American player in squash history to do so.
Alentejo wine
Alentejo (Vinho do Alentejo, Alentejo wines) is a Portuguese wine region from the Alentejo region. The entire region is entitled to use the Vinho Regional designation Alentejano VR, while some areas are also classified at the higher Denominação de Origem Controlada (DOC) level under the designation Alentejo DOC. VR is similar to the French vin de pays and DOC to the French AOC. In the southern half of Portugal, the Alentejo region covers about a third of the country and is sparsely populated. In 2005, South Oregon University scientist Gregory V. Jones identified Alentejo ("southern Portugal" in his words) as the world's most challenged wine region (out of 27 world wine regions) from a climate change perspective. The region is noted for it vast cork production but has in recent years garnered attention for its table wine production. Some producers of this region still make wine in great pottery vessels, as in Roman times.

Gregory V. Jones
Gregory V. Jones is an American research climatologist specializing in the climatology of viticulture, with a focus on how climate variation influences vine growth, wine production, and the quality of wine produced. Jones serves as the CEO of Abacela Vineyards and Winery in Roseburg, Oregon. Previously he served as the Director of the Center for Wine Education and is Professor of Environmental Studies at Linfield College in McMinnville, Oregon and as the Director of the Division of Business, Communication and the Environment at Southern Oregon University in Ashland, Oregon and was Professor in the university's Environmental Science and Policy Program.
Ajay Sharma
Ajay Kumar Sharma (pronunciationⓘ) (born 3 April 1964) is a former Indian cricketer.

Sharma was a prolific run-maker in first-class cricket, mainly for Delhi, scoring over 10,000 runs, at an average of 67.46. He was a part of the Indian squad which won the 1988 Asia Cup.

Delhi cricket team
The Delhi cricket team is a first-class cricket team based in Delhi, run by the Delhi & District Cricket Association. It plays in the Ranji Trophy, India's first-class competition, as well as in the limited-overs competition, the Vijay Hazare Trophy and Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy. They have won the Ranji Trophy seven times and have been runners-up eight. Their latest title in 2007-08 came after 16 years. The team's home ground is Arun Jaitley Stadium.
Peter Young (British Army officer, born 1912)
Major-General Peter George Francis Young, CB, CBE (15 July 1912 – 4 November 1976) was a senior British Army officer who served in the Second World War and later was General Officer Commanding Cyprus District from 1962 to 1964.

General officer commanding
General officer commanding (GOC) is the usual title given in the armies of the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth countries (and some other nations, such as Ireland) to a general officer who holds a command appointment.

Thus, a general might be the GOC British II Corps (a three-star appointment) or GOC British 7th Armoured Division (a two-star appointment).
Ernesford Grange Community Academy
Ernesford Grange Community Academy (formerly Ernesford Grange School) is a secondary comprehensive school with sixth form facilities in the Ernesford Grange area of Coventry, England.

The school has a very mixed catchment area and, as such, is above the national average for proportion of students receiving free school meals and students with special educational needs. Despite the fact that most students enter the school with below average Key Stage 2 results, Key Stage 3 and 4 results are above that of similar schools. Value added scores show how well the school is doing.

It is a major part of the Riverside partnership which links several schools in the local area into a consortium to offer a wider range of subjects at A Level. The school motto is "Together we Achieve".

Key Stage 3
Key Stage 3 (commonly abbreviated as KS3) is the legal term for the three years of schooling in maintained schools in England and Wales normally known as Year 7, Year 8 and Year 9, when pupils are aged between 11 and 14. In Northern Ireland the term also refers to the first three years of secondary education.
Ilana B. Witten
Ilana B. Witten is an American neuroscientist and professor of psychology and neuroscience at Princeton University. Witten studies the mesolimbic pathway, with a focus on the striatal neural circuit mechanisms driving reward learning and decision making.

Mesolimbic pathway
The mesolimbic pathway, sometimes is referred to as the reward pathway, is a dopaminergic pathway in the brain. The pathway connects the ventral tegmental area in the midbrain to the ventral striatum of the basal ganglia in the forebrain. The ventral striatum includes the nucleus accumbens and the olfactory tubercle.

The release of dopamine from the mesolimbic pathway into the nucleus accumbens regulates incentive salience (e.g. motivation and desire for rewarding stimuli) and facilitates reinforcement and reward-related motor function learning; it may also play a role in the subjective perception of pleasure. The dysregulation of the mesolimbic pathway and its output neurons in the nucleus accumbens plays a significant role in the development and maintenance of an addiction.
The Bigamist
The Bigamist can refer to the following films:

The Bigamist (1921 film), a silent British film directed by Guy Newall

The Bigamist (1953 film), starring Edmond O'Brien and Joan Fontaine and Ida Lupino, who also directed

The Bigamist (1956 film), an Italian film featuring Marcello Mastroianni

The Bigamist (1953 film)
The Bigamist is a 1953 American drama film noir directed by Ida Lupino starring Joan Fontaine, Ida Lupino, Edmond O'Brien, and Edmund Gwenn. Producer/Screenwriter Collier Young was married to Fontaine at the time and had previously been married to Lupino. The Bigamist has been cited as the first American feature film made in the sound era in which the female star of a film directed herself.
Michelangelo Sosnowitz
Michelangelo Sosnowitz is an American music composer. His works include ballet, musical theater, electronic and popular music, as well as commercial, television and film. His feature film scores include A Novel Romance, winner Best Film at the NYC International Independent Film Festival, the Dan Fogler directorial debut Hysterical Psycho, the Deborah Kampmeier films Split and Tape (music by), the Julia Verdin films Lost Girls and Maya, the Steve Feder film A Brooklyn Love Story and the Deborah Twiss film trilogy Sapiosexual, Taboo and Crave, and her original streaming series Crazytown. He also wrote the music to the Colin Quinn series Cop Show. His original ballet 'Petrouchka' won Best Choreography at NYMF 2010. He wrote the opening theme music to The History Channel show Battles BC and original theme music for ENTV, Deadline Hollywood BlackTreeMedia and other PMC programming. Original Off-Broadway musicals include Crazy Head Space  and Love in the Middle Ages.

Penske Media Corporation
Penske Media Corporation (PMC /ˈpɛnski/) is an American mass media, publishing, and information services company based in Los Angeles and New York City. It publishes more than 20 digital and print brands, including Variety, Rolling Stone, Women's Wear Daily, Deadline Hollywood, Billboard, The Hollywood Reporter, Robb Report, Artforum, ARTNews, and others. PMC's Chairman and CEO since founding is Jay Penske.

In addition to media publications, Penske Media Corporation owns the Life Is Beautiful Music & Art Festival and is a 50 percent stakeholder in South by Southwest. It is also the owner of Dick Clark Productions which includes the award shows Golden Globe Awards, American Music Awards, Streamy Awards, Academy of Country Music Awards, and the Billboard Music Awards.
Mohammad Razai
Mohammad Sharif Razai is a physician, poet, author and researcher. He was awarded the 2021 John Maddox Prize as an early career researcher, by Sense about Science and Nature for his work on racial health inequalities.

New investigator
Certain scholarly funding agencies make a distinction between investigators and new investigators. New investigators would be evaluated in a different way when competing for funding with more seasoned researchers, or they would be able to access funding resources specific to them. The rationale behind is to avoid the current trend that for certain grants the average age of the researchers receiving it for the first time keeps increasing over the years (See graph).
Pantanella
Pantanella is a zone of Castelvieto, frazione of the comune of Corciano in the Province of Perugia, Umbria, central Italy. It stands at an elevation of 232 metres above sea level. At the time of the Istat census of 2001 Castelvieto had 269 inhabitants.

Province of Perugia
The province of Perugia (Italian: provincia di Perugia) is the larger of the two provinces in the Umbria region of Italy, comprising two-thirds of both the area and population of the region. Its capital is the city of Perugia. The province covered all of Umbria until 1927, when the province of Terni was carved out of its southern third. The province of Perugia has an area of 6,337 km2 and a total population of 636,531 as of 2025, covering about two-thirds of Umbria. It has 59 municipalities.

The province has numerous tourist attractions, especially artistic and historical ones, and is home to the Lake Trasimeno, the largest lake of Central Italy. It is historically the ancestral origin of the Umbri, while later it was a Roman province and then part of the Papal States until the late 19th century.
Nantclwyd railway station
Nantclwyd railway station was a station near Nantclwyd Hall, Llanelidan, Denbighshire, Wales.

The station was opened on 22 September 1864 by the Denbigh, Ruthin and Corwen Railway.

The station was host to a LMS caravan from 1934 to 1939.

The station closed to passengers on 2 February 1953, and completely on 30 April 1962.

The station was demolished in the 1970s and only the approach road exists today.

Llanelidan
Llanelidan is a small village and community in the county of Denbighshire in north-east Wales. The community also includes the hamlet of Rhyd-y-Meudwy.

The church, village hall and pub all lie within 200 yards of each other overlooking the village cricket ground   Also in the village centre is King George's field, this is land legally protected by the Fields in Trust Charity, and is free for use by anyone. Public space in the village includes the Village Green. This is 3 1/2 acres of registered Village Green Denbighshire Commons Register No. VG12  Ancient and semi natural woodland that is a bluebell wood in the spring. It was allotted to be held IN TRUST for the Community of Llanelidan by the Inclosure Awards of 1861 and is for the enjoyment and recreation of members of the Parish. It lies north west of the village along a footpath towards Coed Pen Y Bryn.
Reference; Public Record Office MAF 1/243 EXMID 13430  and Map date 1816 found at RRO EXMID 15388 Denbigh Record Office QSD/DE/5