hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Minister of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Innovation
The Minister of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Innovation (French: Ministre de l'Intelligence artificielle et de l'Innovation numérique) is a minister of the Crown in the Cabinet of Canada. The creation of this ministry signals the government's increased focus on the rapidly growing fields of artificial intelligence and digital technologies. It emphasizes the need for Canada to accelerate its approach and strategies in the area of AI.

Minister of the Crown
Minister of the Crown is a formal constitutional term used in Commonwealth realms to describe a minister of the reigning sovereign or viceroy. The term indicates that the minister serves at His Majesty's pleasure, and advises the sovereign or viceroy on how to exercise the Crown prerogatives relating to the minister's department or ministry.
Wayne Barnes
Wayne Barnes OBE (born 20 April 1979) is an English retired international rugby union referee. He was a frequent referee in the English Premiership, and refereed games in the Heineken Cup and the European Challenge Cup. At international level, Barnes refereed matches at the Rugby World Cup, the Six Nations, the Rugby Championship and the Pacific Nations Cup competitions.

The Rugby Championship
The Rugby Championship, formerly known as the Tri Nations Series (1996–2011), is an international rugby union competition contested by Argentina, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. These are traditionally the four highest-ranked national teams in the Southern Hemisphere.

The competition is administered by SANZAAR, a consortium consisting of four national governing bodies: the South African Rugby Union (SARU), New Zealand Rugby (NZR), Rugby Australia (RA) and the Argentine Rugby Union (UAR). The inaugural Tri Nations Series tournament was in 1996, and was won by New Zealand. South Africa won their first title in 1998, and Australia their first in 2000. Following the last Tri Nations Series tournament in 2011, New Zealand had won ten championships, with South Africa and Australia on three titles each. The first Rugby Championship was won by New Zealand, who won all six of their matches.
UBE2C
Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 C is a protein that in humans is encoded by the UBE2C gene.

The modification of proteins with ubiquitin is an important cellular mechanism for targeting abnormal or short-lived proteins for degradation. Ubiquitination involves at least three classes of enzymes: ubiquitin-activating enzymes, or E1s, ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes, or E2s, and ubiquitin-protein ligases, or E3s. This gene encodes a member of the E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family. This enzyme is required for the destruction of mitotic cyclins and for cell cycle progression. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene, but the full-length nature of some variants has not been defined.

Ubiquitin-activating enzyme
Ubiquitin-activating enzymes, also known as E1 enzymes, catalyze the first step in the ubiquitination reaction, which (among other things) can target a protein for degradation via a proteasome. This covalent bond of ubiquitin or ubiquitin-like proteins to targeted proteins is a major mechanism for regulating protein function in eukaryotic organisms. Many processes such as cell division, immune responses and embryonic development are also regulated by post-translational modification by ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins.
2009 European Team Championships Super League
The 2009 European Team Championships Super League was the Super League of the 1st edition of the European Team Championships (European Athletics Team Championships from 2013 edition), the 2009 European Team Championships, which took place on 20 and 21 June 2009 in Leiria, Portugal. A couple of rules were introduced applying specifically to this competition, some of which were discarded or altered for the subsequent editions. See the main article for more details.

European Athletics Team Championships
The European Athletics Team Championships (European Team Championships until 2013), is an international athletics competition organised by European Athletics, between different countries of Europe, over 4 leagues. It replaced in 2009 the former and similar European Cup (1965–2008). Unlike most international competitions, medals are not awarded to individuals in individual events but to the overall winning team on a points system.
Dynamic design analysis method
The dynamic design analysis method (DDAM) is a US Navy-developed analytical procedure for evaluating the design of equipment subject to dynamic loading caused by underwater explosions (UNDEX). The analysis uses a form of shock spectrum analysis that estimates the dynamic response of a component to shock loading caused by the sudden movement of a naval vessel. The analytical process simulates the interaction between the shock-loaded component and its fixed structure, and it is a standard naval engineering procedure for shipboard structural dynamics.

Naval architecture
Naval architecture, or naval engineering, is an engineering discipline incorporating elements of mechanical, electrical, electronic, software and safety engineering as applied to the engineering design process, shipbuilding, maintenance, and operation of marine vessels and structures. Naval architecture involves basic and applied research, design, development, design evaluation (classification) and calculations during all stages of the life of a marine vehicle. Preliminary design of the vessel, its detailed design, construction, trials, operation and maintenance, launching and dry-docking are the main activities involved. Ship design calculations are also required for ships being modified (by means of conversion, rebuilding, modernization, or repair). Naval architecture also involves formulation of safety regulations and damage-control rules and the approval and certification of ship designs to meet statutory and non-statutory requirements.
Scherzo No. 2 (Chopin)
The Scherzo No. 2 in B♭ minor, Op. 31 is a scherzo by Frédéric Chopin. The work was composed and published between 1835 and 1837, and was dedicated to Countess Adèle Fürstenstein. As pianist David Dubal has written, Robert Schumann compared this scherzo to a Byronic poem, "so overflowing with tenderness, boldness, love and contempt." According to Wilhelm von Lenz, a pupil of Chopin, the composer said that the renowned sotto voce opening was a question and the second phrase the answer: "For Chopin it was never questioning enough, never soft enough, never vaulted (tombe) enough. It must be a charnel-house." Dubal wrote that critic James Huneker "exults": "What masterly writing, and it lies in the very heart of the piano! A hundred generations may not improve on these pages."

Wilhelm von Lenz
Wilhelm von Lenz (born 20 May 1809 in Riga – died 7 January 1883 in Saint Petersburg) was a Baltic German Russian official and writer. Wilhelm von Lenz was a friend and student of many mid-century Romantic composers, including Franz Liszt, Frédéric Chopin and Hector Berlioz, Lenz's most important and influential work was an early biography of the German composer Ludwig van Beethoven, entitled Beethoven et ses trois styles (1855), written in response to the disparagement of Beethoven by Alexander Ulybyshev in his Nouvelle biographie de Mozart (1843). Lenz promoted the idea (already suggested by earlier figures such as François-Joseph Fétis) that Beethoven's musical style be divided into three characteristic periods. Lenz's periodisation, with minor changes, is still widely used today by musicologists in discussing Beethoven's compositions.
Children in Need 2016
Children in Need 2016 is a campaign held in the United Kingdom to raise money for the charity Children in Need. It was the 37th Children in Need appeal show which was broadcast live on BBC One on the evening of Friday 18 November until the early hours of Saturday 19 November. It was the first edition of the televised campaign since original presenter Terry Wogan's death in January 2016.

Dermot O'Leary, Fearne Cotton and Nick Grimshaw did not return for the 2016 telethon, and were replaced by Graham Norton, Ade Adepitan and Marvin Humes. Craig David performed the official Children in Need single for 2016, All We Needed.

Salisbury
Salisbury (/ˈsɔːlzbəri/ SAWLZ-bər-ee, locally /ˈsɔːzbəri/ SAWZ-bər-ee) is a cathedral city and civil parish in Wiltshire, England with a population of 41,820, at the confluence of the rivers Avon, Nadder and Bourne. The city is approximately 20 miles (30 kilometres) from Southampton and 30 miles (50 kilometres) from Bath.

Salisbury is in the southeast of Wiltshire, near the edge of Salisbury Plain. An ancient cathedral was north of the present city at Old Sarum. A new cathedral was built near the meeting of the rivers and a settlement grew up around it, which received a city charter in 1227 as New Sarum. This continued to be its official name until 2009, when Salisbury City Council was established. Salisbury railway station is an interchange between the West of England Line and the Wessex Main Line.

Stonehenge, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is 8 miles (13 kilometres) northwest of Salisbury.
2011 Gerry Weber Open – Doubles
Sergiy Stakhovsky and Mikhail Youzhny were the defending champions, but chose not to compete due to Youzhny's injured left foot.
The first seeded Rohan Bopanna and Aisam-ul-Haq Qureshi defeated the unseeded pair Robin Haase and Milos Raonic with a score of 7–6(10–8), 3–6, [11–9].

Robin Haase
Robin Haase (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈrɔbɪn ˈɦaːzə]; born 6 April 1987) is a Dutch professional tennis player.
He reached his career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 33 in July 2012 and his highest doubles ranking of world No. 29 in May 2023.

In doubles, he has won ten titles on the ATP Tour, most notably the 2022 Rotterdam Open with Matwé Middelkoop. Haase reached the final of the 2013 Australian Open in doubles alongside compatriot Igor Sijsling, and has also reached four doubles finals at Masters 1000 level. He has represented the Netherlands in the Davis Cup since 2006, and also competed at the 2012 and 2016 Olympic Games.
In singles, he has won two titles, at the Austrian Open in 2011 and 2012. He also reached the semifinals of the 2017 Canadian Open, and his best Grand Slam singles result was reaching the third round at the Australian Open and Wimbledon Championships in 2011.
Blandford (surname)
Blandford is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Don Blandford, longtime Kentucky state legislator

George Fielding Blandford (1829–1911), English physician and psychiatrist

Mark Blandford (entrepreneur) (born 1957), British entrepreneur

Mark Harden Blandford (1826–1902), American soldier, attorney, politician and judge

Roger Blandford (born 1949), astronomer and astrophysicist

Walter F. H. Blandford, entomologist

George Fielding Blandford
George Fielding Blandford FRCP (1829–1911) was a British physician, known as a psychiatrist. He was author of Insanity and its Treatment (1871), which went through four editions and was translated into German.
Niyazgulovo, Zianchurinsky District, Republic of Bashkortostan
Niyazgulovo (Russian: Ниязгулово; Bashkir: Нияҙғол, Niyaźğol) is a rural locality (a village) in Abzanovsky Selsoviet, Zianchurinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 119 as of 2010. There are 2 streets.

Zianchurinsky District
Zianchurinsky District (Russian: Зианчу́ринский райо́н; Bashkir: Ейәнсура районы, Yeyänsura rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the south of the republic and borders with Kugarchinsky District in the north, Zilairsky District in the northeast and east, Khaybullinsky District in the east, and with Orenburg Oblast in the south and west. The area of the district is 3,342.35 square kilometers (1,290.49 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Isyangulovo. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 27,626, with the population of Isyangulovo accounting for 26.9% of that number.
John Lane of Bentley
Colonel John Lane of Bentley (1609 – 31 August 1667) was the Member of Parliament for Lichfield, Staffordshire from 1661 to 1667. A Royalist colonel, he had given refuge to King Charles II at his Bentley estate following the Royalist defeat in 1651 at the Battle of Worcester, during the English Civil War. Charles left Bentley in the guise of the servant of his sister Jane Lane who was travelling to Bristol (see Escape of Charles II ).

He was appointed MP shortly after the Restoration of the Monarchy. He died in 1667 and was succeeded by Richard Dyott.

Royalist
A royalist supports a particular monarch as head of state for a particular kingdom, or of a particular dynastic claim. In the abstract, this position is royalism. It is distinct from monarchism, which advocates a monarchical system of government, but not necessarily a particular monarch. Most often, the term royalist is applied to a supporter of a current regime or one that has been recently overthrown to form a republic.

In the United Kingdom, the term is currently almost indistinguishable from "monarchist", as there are no significant rival claimants to the throne. Conversely, in 19th-century France, a royalist might be either a Legitimist, Bonapartist, or an Orléanist, all being monarchists.
Jack Guittet
Jack Guittet (12 January 1930 – 16 January 2025) was a French fencer. He won a bronze medal in the team épée event at the 1964 Summer Olympics. He also competed at the 1959 Mediterranean Games where he won gold medals in the individual épée and team épée and foil events.
He was president of the French Fencing Federation from 1977 to 1981. Guittet died on 16 January 2025, at the age of 95.

French Fencing Federation
The French Fencing Federation (French: Fédération Française d'Escrime - FFE) is the national governing body for fencing in France. It is affiliated with the International Fencing Federation. The president is Bruno Gares, and the treasurer is Sylvie Sormail. The organisation was founded in 1906, and has its headquarters in Noisy-Le-Grand.
Dronning Louises Bro
Dronning Louises Bro (English: Queen Louise's Bridge) is a bridge across The Lakes in central Copenhagen, Denmark. It joins Frederiksborggade in Indre By (city centre) with Nørrebrogade in Nørrebro and separates Sortedam Lake (Sortedam Sø) to the northeast from Peblinge Lake (Peblinge Sø) to the south west.

The bridge was designed by Vilhelm Dahlerup, and constructed between 1885 and 1887.  The bridge is named after Queen Louise, King Christian IX's wife. It was listed in 1997.

Indre By
55°41′N 12°35′E﻿ / ﻿55.68°N 12.58°E﻿ / 55.68; 12.58

Indre By (English: lit. 'Inner City'), also known as Copenhagen Center or K or Downtown Copenhagen, is an administrative district (bydel) in central Copenhagen, the capital of Denmark. It covers an area of 4.65 square kilometres (1.80 sq mi), has a population of 26,223, and a population density of 5,638 per km2.

Neighboring city districts are as follows:

to the east and south east is Christianshavn, separated from the Inner City by the Inner Harbour (Inderhavnen) and Copenhagen Harbour (Københavns Havn)

to the north is Indre Østerbro

to the west is Indre Nørrebro and Frederiksberg municipality, which is not a part of Copenhagen municipality but rather an enclave surrounded by the municipality, with both being separated from the Indre By along the "lakes" (Skt. Jørgens Lake, Peblinge Lake, and Sortedams Lake)

to the southwest is Vesterbro

to the south is Vestamager, separated from the Inner City by the South Harbour (Sydhavnen)
Mount Sir Douglas
Mount Sir Douglas is located on the border of Alberta and British Columbia on the Continental Divide, at the northern end of Height of the Rockies Provincial Park and east of Invermere. It is Alberta's 18th highest peak, and 28th prominence mountain as well as British Columbia's 28th highest peak. It was named in 1916 by interprovincial boundary surveyors after Field Marshal Sir Douglas Haig.

Invermere
Invermere is a community in eastern British Columbia, Canada, near the border of Alberta. It is the hub of the Columbia Valley between Golden to the north and Cranbrook to the south. Invermere sits on the northwest shore of Windermere Lake and is a popular summer destination for visitors and second home owners from Edmonton and Calgary.
Jero Wacik
Jero Wacik (Balinese: ᬚᭂᬭᭀ​ᬯᬘᬶᬓ᭄; born 24 April 1949) is an Indonesian politician from Singaraja, Bali. He served as Minister of Culture and Tourism since 21 October 2004 until 19 October 2011. He also served as Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources of Indonesia from 19 October 2011 to 11 September 2014 following his naming as a graft suspect by the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK). He graduated with a degree in mechanical engineering from the Bandung Institute of Technology in 1974 and the University of Indonesia in 1983. As member of cabinet, he served in one of the highest positions within the Democratic Party.

University of Indonesia
The University of Indonesia (UI; Indonesian: Universitas Indonesia) is a public university in Depok, West Java and Salemba, Jakarta, Indonesia. It is one of the oldest tertiary-level educational institutions in Indonesia (known as the Dutch East Indies when UI was established), and is generally considered one of the most prestigious universities in Indonesia, along with the Gadjah Mada University and Bandung Institute of Technology. In the 2024 QS World Universities Ranking, UI is ranked 1st in Indonesia, 49th in Asia and 237th in the world.
Brisbane (surname)
Brisbane is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Abbott Hall Brisbane (1804–1861), American military officer, plantation owner, and author

Albert Brisbane (1809–1890), American author and theorist

Arthur Brisbane (1864–1936), American newspaper editor

Charles Brisbane (1769–1829), British naval officer

James Brisbane (1774–1826), British naval officer

Margaret Hunt Brisbane (1858–1925), American poet

Patrick Brisbane (1926–1974), Australian Anglican priest

Thomas Brisbane (1773–1860), Scottish soldier and Governor of New South Wales

William Henry Brisbane (1806–1878), abolitionist

Albert Brisbane
Albert Brisbane (August 22, 1809 – May 1, 1890) was an American utopian socialist and is remembered as the chief popularizer of the theories of Charles Fourier in the United States. Brisbane was the author of several books, notably Social Destiny of Man (1840), as well as the Fourierist periodical The Phalanx. He also founded the Fourierist Society in New York in 1839 and backed several other phalanx communes in the 1840s and 1850s. His son, Arthur Brisbane, became one of the best known American newspaper editors of the 20th century.
Bil Keating
Bil Keating (died 2022) was an Irish television and theatrical producer, director, lighting designer and founder of the Bil Keating Centre in Dublin.

Born and raised in Allingham Buildings in The Liberties, Dublin, he later moved to London. His training in stagecraft in London in the 1950s led to a director job with the BBC.  His productions included Brendan Behan's play The Hostage. He also directed The Late Late Show for RTÉ in Ireland. Keating directed television programmes and was formerly a tutor at the Bil Keating Centre teaching television production.

Theatrical producer
A theatrical producer is a person who is primarily responsible for providing or procuring financial resources for developing a theatre production. The producer oversees the managerial and financial aspects of the production such as budgeting and managing contracts with venues, personnel, and investors.
Warren Center, Pennsylvania
Warren Center is an unincorporated community in Bradford County, Pennsylvania, United States. The community is 4.5 miles (7.2 km) southwest of Little Meadows. Warren Center has a post office with ZIP code 18851.

Bradford County, Pennsylvania
Bradford County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, its population was 59,967. Its county seat is Towanda.  The county was created on February 21, 1810, from parts of Lycoming and Luzerne Counties. Originally called Ontario County, it was reorganized and separated from Lycoming County on October 13, 1812, and renamed Bradford County for William Bradford, who had been a chief justice of the Pennsylvania Supreme Court and United States Attorney General. The county is part of the Northeast region of the commonwealth.

Bradford County comprises the Sayre, Pennsylvania micropolitan statistical area.

The county is not to be confused with the city of Bradford, which is in McKean County, 141 miles to the west via U.S. Route 6.
Tonight I'm Getting Over You
"Tonight I'm Getting Over You" is a song by Canadian singer Carly Rae Jepsen, taken from her second studio album and debut international release, Kiss (2012). It was released in the United States as a single on February 19, 2013, as the international fourth single from the album. An official remix featuring rapper Nicki Minaj was released on May 6, 2013.  The song was written by Jepsen, Lukas Hilbert, Max Martin, Clarence Coffee Jr., Shiloh, and Katerina Loules. Thematically, the track centers around a break-up, with lyrics about getting over her ex-boyfriend by dancing with someone new. The song has some dubstep aspects. "Tonight I'm Getting Over You" received mostly positive reviews from music critics; some deemed it one of the best tracks on Kiss, as they did with "Call Me Maybe".

Charting across Europe, the song became a top ten hit in Belgium. The song peaked at number 90 on the Billboard Hot 100 and achieved modest success on the Mainstream Top 40 and dance club airplay charts.

Pop Airplay
Pop Airplay (also called  Mainstream Top 40, Pop Songs, and Top 40/CHR) is a 40-song music chart published weekly by Billboard magazine that ranks the most popular songs of pop music being played on a panel of Top 40 radio stations in the United States. The rankings are based on radio airplay detections as measured by Nielsen Broadcast Data Systems (Nielsen BDS), a subsidiary of the United States' leading marketing research company. Consumer researchers, Nielsen Audio (formerly Arbitron), refers to the format as contemporary hit radio (CHR).
The current number-one song on the chart is "Opalite" by Taylor Swift.
Christian Ludwig Mayer
Christian Ludwig Mayer (born March 21, 1974) is a German pianist and composer. He also appears under the pseudonym of Ludwig Auwald.

Mayer began as an autodidact and studied jazz piano and classical piano with Leonid Chizhik at Richard-Strauss-Konservatorium München, as well as harpsichord and jazz composition. He has worked with Gunther Klatt, Giora Feidman, Marcus Woelfle, and New Orleans–based trombonist Dwayne Paulin. He also works frequently with Montauk based violinist Bob Stern.

Leonid Chizhik
Leonid Chizhik, also known as Leonid Arkadievich Chishik, was born on January 1, 1947, in Chişinău, Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic. He is a jazz pianist and university lecturer at the universities of Weimar and Munich. Since 1991, Leonid Chizhik and his family have been living in Munich, Germany.
Russell Duncan (professor)
Russell Duncan is a history professor in Denmark. He has written books about American history including the Reconstruction era. He was interviewed for the American Experience program. He has written entries for the New Georgia Encyclopedia.

He has given presentations on various American political subjects both historical and contemporary.

In 2021, Malcolm-Jamal Warner acquired the film rights to his book Freedom Shore about Tunis Campbell and other freedmen in Georgia. Warner planned to produce and star in the production.

New Georgia Encyclopedia
The New Georgia Encyclopedia (NGE) is a web-based encyclopedia containing over 2,000 articles about the state of Georgia. It is a program of Georgia Humanities (GH), in partnership with the University of Georgia Press, the University System of Georgia/Georgia Library Learning Online (GALILEO), and the Office of the Governor.