hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Georg Christian Benedict Ackermann
Georg Christian Benedict Ackermann (3 March 1763 – 8 April 1833) was a German theologian and teacher.

He was born in Vier (now part of Boizenburg) upon the river Elbe. He visited school in Schwerin in Mecklenburg, then in 1782 the University of Göttingen in Hanover to study theology.

In 1792, Ackermann collaborated at the regional teacher seminary in Ludwigslust. Later, he became teacher of Frederick Louis, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck and controller of the court. In 1801 second preacher of the court, in 1808 superintendent in Schwerin and rector of the Domschule. In 1819 councillor of the consistory, in 1830 first preacher of the court.

Ackermann was engaged in ameliorating the public school system, orphanages, and poor houses. Aside from his sermons, he published in the Monatsschrift von Mecklenburg, in Schiller's Patriotisches Archiv der Herzogtümer Mecklenburg and in the Schweriner freimütiges Abendblatt.

Ludwigslust
Ludwigslust (German pronunciation: [luːtvɪçsˈlʊst] ⓘ) is a central castle town of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany, 40 km south of Schwerin. Since 2011 it has been part of the Ludwigslust-Parchim district.

Ludwigslust is part of the Hamburg Metropolitan Region. The former royal residential town is known for its rich heritage, especially the famed Ludwigslust Palace, known as Versailles of the North.
Univex Mercury
The 1938 Univex Mercury was an unusual half frame 35 mm camera from The Universal Camera Corporation.

It was the first camera with any kind of hot shoe connector, and had a distinctive profile due to a large dome protruding from the top of the main body to accommodate its 1/1000 sec rotary disc shutter. It used Universal #200 film, which was only made prior to WWII.

Half-frame camera
Half-frame cameras, also called single-frame or split-frame cameras, are film cameras compatible with 35mm film types. These cameras capture congruent shots that take up half of each individual frame in the roll of film. They can be still frame or motion picture cameras and are the standard format of 35mm movie cameras. This is commonly expressed, more technically, as 18×24 mm using 18×24 mm of a regular 135 film. It is closer to the normal frame size of a 35 mm motion film. This leaves half frame cameras to derive their film plate size from the aspect ratio, and frame size that was first designated by Thomas Edison (24.89 by 18.67 millimetres or 0.980 by 0.735 inches) at the dawn of the motion picture industry. Traditionally, the additional film width on motion picture film is used for audio in later film standards, although the original patent for sound on film is derived from the 1880s.
The Equalizer (film)
The Equalizer is a 2014 American vigilante action-thriller film directed by Antoine Fuqua and written by Richard Wenk. It is based on the 1980s TV series of the same title and the first of three films starring Denzel Washington. The cast includes Marton Csokas, Chloë Grace Moretz, David Harbour, Bill Pullman and Melissa Leo. Washington plays Robert McCall, a retired Marine and former DIA officer, who reluctantly returns to action to protect a teenage trafficking victim from the members of the Russian mafia.

Principal photography took place in Massachusetts from May 2013 to September 2013. The world premiere for The Equalizer was held at 2014 Toronto International Film Festival on September 7, 2014, and it was released worldwide on September 26, 2014. The film received mixed reviews from critics and grossed $192.3 million worldwide. The sequels, The Equalizer 2 and The Equalizer 3, were released on July 20, 2018, and September 1, 2023, respectively.

Vigilante film
The vigilante film is a film genre in which the protagonist or protagonists engage in vigilante behavior, taking the law into their own hands. Vigilante films are usually revenge films in which the legal system fails protagonists, leading them to become vigilantes. The vigilante film has in recent years often crossed over with the superhero genre, due to character origin stories frequently involving an injustice having been committed against them.
September 1821 New England tornado outbreak
The 1821 New England tornado outbreak was a tornado outbreak that affected the New England states during September 1821. Five destructive tornadoes can be verified from the event.

The first known storm of the outbreak touched down in Washington County, Vermont, and caused tree damage near the town of Berlin. Shortly thereafter, tornadoes touched down in Grafton County, New Hampshire, and a series of large tornadoes tracked through parts of Rutland County, Vermont, and Sullivan and Merrimack counties in New Hampshire. Other tornadoes struck in Windham County, Vermont, and Franklin County, Massachusetts.

Merrimack County, New Hampshire
Merrimack County is a county in the U.S. state of New Hampshire. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 153,808, making it the third most populous county in New Hampshire. Its county seat is Concord, the state capital. The county was organized in 1823 from parts of Hillsborough and Rockingham counties, and is named for the Merrimack River. Merrimack County comprises the Concord, NH Micropolitan Statistical Area, which in turn constitutes a portion of the Boston–Worcester–Providence, MA–RI–NH–CT Combined Statistical Area. In 2010, the center of population of New Hampshire was located in Merrimack County, in the town of Pembroke.
Mantis Bug Tracker
Mantis Bug Tracker is a free and open source, web-based bug tracking system. The most common use of MantisBT is to track software defects. However, MantisBT is often configured by users to serve as a more generic issue tracking system and project management tool.

The name Mantis and the logo of the project refer to the insect family Mantidae, known for tracking and feeding on other insects, colloquially referred to as "bugs". The name of the project is abbreviated to either MantisBT or just Mantis.

Software bug
A software bug is a defect (bug) in computer software. A computer program with many or serious bugs may be described as buggy.

The effects of a software bug range from minor (such as a misspelled word in the user interface) to severe (such as frequent crashing).

In 2002, a study commissioned by the US Department of Commerce's National Institute of Standards and Technology concluded that "software bugs, or errors, are so prevalent and so detrimental that they cost the US economy an estimated $59 billion annually, or about 0.6 percent of the gross domestic product".

Since the 1950s, some computer systems have been designed to detect or auto-correct various software errors during operations.
Joe Chadbourne
Joseph H. Chadbourne (1883–1958) was an English professional footballer who played as a centre forward. He was born in Halifax, West Riding of Yorkshire and played nine games in the Football League for Burnley, scoring four goals.

Halifax, West Yorkshire
Halifax is a town in the Metropolitan Borough of Calderdale, in West Yorkshire, England. It is in the eastern foothills of the Pennines. In the 15th century, the town became an economic hub of the old West Riding of Yorkshire, primarily in woollen manufacture with the large Piece Hall square later built for trading wool in the town centre. The town was a thriving mill town during the Industrial Revolution with the Dean Clough Mill buildings a surviving landmark. In the 2021 census, the town was recorded as having a population of 88,134. It is also the administrative centre of the Calderdale Metropolitan Borough.
Priddy Circles
Priddy Circles are a linear arrangement of four circular earthwork enclosures near the village of Priddy on the Mendip Hills in Somerset, England.  The circles have been listed as Scheduled Ancient Monuments, and described as 'probable Neolithic ritual or ceremonial monuments similar to a henge'.

The southernmost Priddy Circle falls on adjoining land to a house and stables that are owned by retired businessman Roger Penny. In 2012 Penny was fined £10,000 after the earthwork was damaged by work he had permitted.

Earthworks (archaeology)
In archaeology, earthworks are artificial changes in land level, typically made from piles of artificially placed or sculpted rocks and soil. Earthworks can themselves be archaeological features, or they can show features beneath the surface.
George Beasley-Murray
George Raymond Beasley-Murray (October 10, 1916 – 23 February 2000) was an evangelical Christian and prominent Baptist scholar, Principal of Spurgeon's College, London, and later Professor of New Testament Interpretation at Southern Baptist Theological Seminary.  He is known particularly for what became the standard work on Baptism in the New Testament (1962), and his major study of Jesus and the Kingdom of God (1986).  He received his D.D. from Jesus College, Cambridge.

Jesus College, Cambridge
Jesus College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge. Jesus College was established in 1496 on the site of the twelfth-century Benedictine nunnery of St Mary and St Radegund by John Alcock, then Bishop of Ely. The cockerel is the symbol of Jesus College, after the surname of its founder. From 1560 to 1860, Jesus College was primarily a training college for Church of England clergy.

Jesus College has assets of approximately £375m making it Cambridge's seventh-wealthiest college. The college is known for its particularly expansive grounds which include its sporting fields and for its proximity to its boathouse. Three members of Jesus College have each received a Nobel Prize. Two fellows of the college have been appointed to the International Court of Justice.

Sonita Alleyne was elected master of Jesus College in 2019, 40 years after the college began admitting women as students. She is also the first black leader of an Oxbridge college.
Hotel Europejski
Raffles Europejski Warsaw, commonly known as Hotel Europejski (The European Hotel), is a historic five-star luxury hotel located in the city centre of Warsaw, Poland. At the time of its opening in 1857 it was one of the most modern and luxurious European hotels.

Situated along the Royal Route, the building was designed by Polish-Italian architect Enrico Marconi and has since been one of  Warsaw's architectural symbols. Badly damaged during World War II, it was systematically rebuilt at a great expense throughout the 1950s, reopening as a hotel in 1962. Managed by Raffles Hotels & Resorts, it reopened on 1 June 2018 after extensive renovation with 106 rooms, restaurant, bar, spa and Lourse pâtisserie, as well as offices on the top two floors and a luxury shopping center.

Luxury goods
In economics, a luxury good (or upmarket good) is a product or item or service  for which demand increases more than what is proportional as income rises, so that expenditures on the good become a more significant proportion of overall spending. Luxury goods are in contrast to necessity goods, where demand increases proportionally less than income. Whereas people consume necessity goods to meet basic survival needs, luxury goods are consumed both for their "intrinsic quality and to signal their wealth and confirm social status." In economics, luxury goods is often used synonymously with superior goods.
East Chop Light
East Chop Light is a historic lighthouse standing on a bluff overlooking Vineyard Haven Harbor and Vineyard Sound, located along East Chop Drive in the town of Oak Bluffs, Massachusetts. It is one of five lighthouses located on the island of Martha's Vineyard.

Vineyard Sound
Vineyard Sound is the stretch of the Atlantic Ocean which separates the Elizabeth Islands and the southwestern part of Cape Cod from the island of Martha's Vineyard, located offshore from the state of Massachusetts in the United States. To the west, it joins Rhode Island Sound, and on its eastern end it connects to Nantucket Sound.

Vineyard Sound holds some of the largest summer flounder in Massachusetts.
2011 in Bangladesh
2011 (MMXI) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, the 2011th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 11th  year of the 3rd millennium and the 21st century, and the  2nd   year of the 2010s decade.

The year 2011 was the 40th year after the independence of Bangladesh. It was also the third year of the second term of the Government of Sheikh Hasina.

3rd millennium
The third millennium of the Anno Domini or Common Era is the current millennium spanning the years 2001 to 3000. It began on January 1, 2001 (MMI) and will end on December 31, 3000 (MMM), (21st to 30th centuries; in astronomy: JD 2451910.5 – 2817151.5).

Ongoing futures studies seek to understand what will likely continue and what could plausibly change in this period and beyond.
Elections in Haryana
Elections in Haryana, which is a state in India, have been conducted since 1967 to elect the members of state-level Haryana Legislative Assembly and national-level Lok Sabha. There are 90 assembly constituencies (17 reserved for SC) and 10 Lok Sabha constituencies (2 reserved for SC).

Delimitation Commission of India
The Delimitation Commission of India is a commission established by the Government of India under the provisions of the Delimitation Commission Act, tasked with redrawing the boundaries of legislative assembly and Lok Sabha constituencies based on the last census. The present delimitation of constituencies is based on the 2001 census under the provisions of the Delimitation Act, 2002.

The Commission is an independent body whose orders cannot be challenged in any court of law. The orders are laid before the Lok Sabha and the respective State Legislative Assemblies. However, modifications are not permitted. The next delimitation can not be held before 2026.
Osirini
The Osirini are a tribe of cuckoo bees in the family Apidae, all but one genus exclusively from the Neotropics, and laying their eggs in the nests of bees in the apid tribe Tapinotaspidini; the one exceptional genus is Epeoloides, which has one North American species and one European species, both of which attack the melittid genus Macropis.

All species in this tribe are unique among the bees in the possession of a tiny sclerite embedded in the membrane beneath the head, possibly to help guard against being stung in the neck by an angry host bee when invading a nest.

Melittidae
Melittidae is a small bee family, with over 200 described species  in three subfamilies. The family has a limited distribution, with all described species restricted to Africa and the northern temperate zone.

Fossil melittids have been found occasionally in Eocene amber deposits, including those of Oise, France and the Baltic amber.
Brian Pomper
Brian Pomper is an American lawyer, political strategist and lobbyist and currently serves as partner with Akin Gump Strauss & Feld. He is regarded an expert on international trade and intellectual property rights.

Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld
Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP (known as Akin Gump or Akin) is an American multinational law firm headquartered in Washington, D.C. In 2024 it was the second-largest lobbying firm in the United States by revenue.
Tverrelvdalen
Tverrelvdalen (Norwegian), Fállejohka (Northern Sami), or Fallijoki (Kven) is a village area in the Tverrelvdalen valley in Alta Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway. It is a suburb to the southeast of the town of Alta. The river Tverrelva runs through the valley and village area.

The 0.37-square-kilometre (91-acre) village has a population (2023) of 457 and a population density of 1,235 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,200/sq mi).

The Tverrelvdalen IL sports club is based here.

Finnmark
Finnmark (Norwegian: [ˈfɪ̀nːmɑrk] ⓘ; Northern Sami: Finnmárku [ˈfinːˌmaːrːhkuː]; Kven: Finmarkku; Finnish: Finnmarkin lääni; Russian: Финнмарк) is a county in northern Norway. By land, it borders Troms county to the west, Finland's Lapland region to the south, and Russia's Murmansk Oblast to the east, and by water, the Norwegian Sea (Atlantic Ocean) to the northwest, and the Barents Sea (Arctic Ocean) to the north and northeast.

The county was formerly known as Finmarkens amt or Vardøhus amt. Since 2002, it has had two official names: Finnmark (Norwegian) and Finnmárku (Northern Sami). It is part of the Sápmi region, which spans four countries, as well as the Barents Region, and is Norway's second-largest and least populous county.

In January 2020, Finnmark merged with the neighbouring county of Troms to form Troms og Finnmark county. In January 2024, the counties of Finnmark and Troms were restored after parliament decided in June 2022 to separate them.
Federigo Enriques
Abramo Giulio Umberto Federigo Enriques (5 January 1871 – 14 June 1946) was an Italian mathematician, now known principally as the first to give a classification of algebraic surfaces in birational geometry, and other contributions in algebraic geometry.

Birational geometry
In mathematics, birational geometry is a field of algebraic geometry in which the goal is to determine when two algebraic varieties are isomorphic outside lower-dimensional subsets. This amounts to studying mappings that are given by rational functions rather than polynomials; the map may fail to be defined where the rational functions have poles.
Silvermont (Brevard, North Carolina)
Silvermont is a historic home located at Brevard, Transylvania County, North Carolina.  It was built in 1916–1917, and is a two-story, five-bay, Colonial Revival style brick dwelling with a gambrel roof.  Also on the property is a one-story, stone veneer cottage.  It has a rear ell, two-story front portico supported by columns with Corinthian order capitals, one-story wraparound porch, porte cochere, and sunroom.  The house and grounds were donated to Transylvania County in 1972, and serve as a public recreation center.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981. It is located in the East Main Street Historic District.

Porte-cochère
A porte-cochère (/ˌpɔːrt koʊˈʃɛr/; French: [pɔʁt.kɔ.ʃɛʁ]; lit. 'coach gateway'; pl. porte-cochères – pl. portes-cochères) is a doorway to a building or courtyard, "often very grand," through which vehicles can enter from the street or a covered porch-like structure at a main or secondary entrance to a building through which originally a horse and carriage and today a motor vehicle can pass to provide arriving and departing occupants protection from the elements.

Portes-cochères are still found on such structures as major public buildings and hotels, providing covered access for visitors and guests arriving by motorized transport.

A porte-cochère, a structure for vehicle passage, is to be distinguished from a portico, a columned porch or entry for human, rather than vehicular, traffic.
1993 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election
Elections to the Nagaland Legislative Assembly were held in February 1993 to elect members of the 60 constituencies in Nagaland, India. The Indian National Congress won the most seats and S. C. Jamir was appointed as the Chief Minister of Nagaland for the third time. The number of constituencies was set as 60 by the recommendation of the Delimitation Commission of India.

Nagaland Legislative Assembly
The Nagaland Legislative Assembly is the unicameral legislature of the Indian state of Nagaland. Nagaland became a state of India on 1 December 1963 and after election in January 1964, the first Nagaland Legislative Assembly was formed on 11 February 1964. In 1974, the number of the elected Nagaland Legislative Assembly members was increased to the present strength of 60.

There is no nominated member in the House, all the members are elected on the basis of adult franchise from single-seat constituencies. The normal tenure of the House is five years unless dissolved sooner. The seat of the legislative assembly is Kohima, the capital of Nagaland.
Berla Mundi
Berlinda Addardey, popularly known as Berla Mundi, (born 1 April 1988) in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana to the parent Mama Ruby Mundi of Accra. She is a Ghanaian media personality, women's advocate and voice artist. In 2019, she co-hosted the 20th VGMA with Kwami Sefa Kayi. She has co-hosted the VGMA for six consecutive times.

Glitz Style Awards
Glitz Style Awards was established in 2015 by Claudia Lumor. The award is held annually in Ghana to showcase both Ghanaian and International individuals and businesses who have outstandingly contributed to the African fashion industry.
Ognjen Filipović
Ognjen Filipović (Serbian Cyrillic: Огњен Филиповић, born 17 October 1973 in Sremska Mitrovica) is a Serbian sprint canoer who competed for Serbia and Montenegro and later Serbia. He won six medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with two golds (K-2 200 m: 2005 for Serbia and Montenegro, K-4 200 m: 2006 for Serbia), a silver K-4 200 m: 2007 for Serbia), and three bronzes (K-1 200 m: 1998 for Yugoslavia, K-2 200 m: 2006 for Serbia, 2007 for Serbia).

Filipović also competed in two Summer Olympics, both for Serbia and Montenegro. At the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, he was eliminated in the semifinal round of the K-1 500 m event. Four years later, Filipović was eliminated in the semifinals again, both in the K-2 500 m and K-2 1000 m events.

Filipović, nicknamed Ogi, is a member of the Čačak canoe club.

Sremska Mitrovica
Sremska Mitrovica (Serbian pronunciation: [srêːmskaː mîtroʋitsa]; Serbian Cyrillic: Сремска Митровица, Latin: Sirmium) is a city in Serbia. It is situated on the left bank of the Sava river. As of 2022, the city has a total population of 36,764 inhabitants, while its administrative area has a population of 72,580 inhabitants.

As Sirmium, it was a capital of the Roman Empire during the Tetrarchy of 4th century CE. Ten Roman emperors were born in or near this city, Emperors Herennius Etruscus (251), Hostilian (251), Decius Traian (249–251), Claudius Gothicus (268–270), Quintillus (270), Aurelian (270–275), Probus (276–282), Maximian (285–310), Constantius II (337–361) and Gratian (367–383).
Walter Harper North
Walter Harper North (November 1, 1871 – July 23, 1952) was an American jurist.

Born in Hillsdale County, Michigan, North received his bachelor's degree from University of Michigan Law School in 1899. North practiced law in Battle Creek, Michigan until 1906 when he was appointed Calhoun County, Michigan circuit court judge. North was a Republican. From 1927 until his death in 1952, North served on the Michigan Supreme Court and was chief justice. North died at University Hospital in Ann Arbor, Michigan.

Michigan Supreme Court
The Michigan Supreme Court is the highest court in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is Michigan's court of last resort and consists of seven justices. The Court is in the Michigan Hall of Justice at 925 Ottawa Street in Lansing, the state capital.
Larry Valencia
Lawrence "Larry" M. Valencia (born July 29, 1958) is an American politician and a former Democratic member of the Rhode Island House of Representatives representing District 39 from January 2011 to December 2014. He is a candidate for Lieutenant Governor in 2022.

Rhode Island House of Representatives
41°49′52″N 71°25′02″W﻿ / ﻿41.8310574°N 71.4171443°W﻿ / 41.8310574; -71.4171443

The Rhode Island House of Representatives is the lower house of the Rhode Island General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Rhode Island, the upper house being the Rhode Island Senate. It is composed of 75 members, elected to two-year terms from 75 districts of equal population. The Rhode Island General Assembly does not have term limits. The House meets at the Rhode Island State Capitol in Providence.