hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Anthony D. Williams (politician)
Anthony David Williams Sr. (1799 – 1860) was a Liberian politician who served as the second vice president of Liberia from 1850 to 1854 under President Joseph Jenkins Roberts. Born free in the United States in 1799, he immigrated as a Methodist preacher from Petersburg, Virginia to Liberia in 1823. Williams served as the Colonial Agent for the American Colonization Society from 1837 to 1839. During his tenure, the colony of Mississippi-in-Africa was established. In the 1849 elections, Williams ran for vice president against incumbent Nathaniel Brander. The failure of any candidate to secure a majority of the vote led the race to be thrown to the House of Representatives, which chose Williams as vice president. He died in 1860.

His son, Anthony D. Williams Jr., served as Secretary of War and Navy, and later unsuccessfully ran for president in 1891 and 1893 as the candidate for the New Republican Party and again in 1899 as the candidate of the National Union Party.

House of Representatives of Liberia
The House of Representatives is the lower chamber of the bicameral legislative branch of Liberia, and together with the Senate comprises the Legislature of Liberia. The number of seats is fixed by law at 73, with each county being apportioned a number of seats based on its percentage of the national population. House members represent single-member districts within the counties drawn up by the National Elections Commission and serve six-year terms. The House meets at the Capitol Building in Monrovia.

The primary purpose of the House is to pass bills in conjunction with the Senate so that they may be sent to the president for signature or veto. The House also holds the exclusive right to introduce revenue bills into the Legislature, as well as to impeach the president, the vice president and judges upon the concurrence of two-thirds of its members. The House is led by the Speaker of the House, elected at the beginning of each new legislature from among its members only.
Electrosynthesis
In electrochemistry, electrosynthesis is the synthesis of chemical compounds in an electrochemical cell. Compared to ordinary redox reactions, electrosynthesis sometimes offers improved selectivity and yields. In electrosynthesis, the reactants are activated in-situ using energy from an applied electric field. Electrosynthesis may be better aligned with principles of Green Chemistry compared to reactions using traditional stoichiometric reagents; they may improve energy efficiency, waste, safety or atom economy. However, it may still require hazardous solvents, electrolytes, conductivity aids, or sacrificial reagents, which must be considered. Electrosynthesis is actively studied as a science and also has industrial applications. Electrooxidation has potential for wastewater treatment as well.

Adiponitrile
Adiponitrile is an organic compound with the chemical formula (CH2)4(CN)2. This viscous, colourless dinitrile is an important precursor to the polymer nylon 66. In 2005, about one million tonnes of adiponitrile were produced.
Vishahareswara Temple
The Vishahareswara Temple is a temple to Shiva in Thiruvarur district, in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The temple was built in the early 9th century in the village of Kodandaramapuram, which later became part of Avanam Paruthiyur. It is situated on the banks of Kudamurutti River, a distributary of the Kaveri.  The presiding deity of this temple is a form of Shiva called Vishahareswarar, and his consort Prasanna Parvathy Devi. The temple is an ancient heritage symbol. The temple is one of the 108 Shiva temples on the banks of the Kaveri that, by legend, were built by Chola king Aditya I.

The temple is administered by the Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments Department, where it is known as Arulmigu Visakaraswarar Swamy Temple.

Aditya I
Aditya Chola I was a Chola king who reigned in the late ninth to early tenth century CE. He was the son of Vijayalaya Chola, and laid the foundation of the Medieval Cholas with the conquest of the Pallava Kingdom and the occupation of the Western Ganga Kingdom and Kongu Nadu. Aditya Chola I was succeeded by his eldest son Parantaka Chola I.
I'm Gonna Take That Mountain
"I'm Gonna Take That Mountain" is a song by American country music artist Reba McEntire. The song was released on August 25, 2003 by MCA Nashville as the lead single from her 25th studio album Room to Breathe (2003). The song was written by Jerry Salley and Melissa Peirce and produced by McEntire, Buddy Cannon, and Norro Wilson. The song is about being confident and overcoming any challenges.

The song reached number 14 on the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart. The song's co-writer, Jerry Salley, won the SESAC Songwriter Award in 2003.

Buddy Cannon
Buddy Cannon (born April 20, 1947 in Lexington, Tennessee) is an American country music songwriter and record producer active since the 1970s best known for his work with Kenny Chesney and Willie Nelson.
Toronto propane explosion
43°43′57″N 79°28′22″W﻿ / ﻿43.73250°N 79.47278°W﻿ / 43.73250; -79.47278

The Toronto propane explosion (also known as the Sunrise Propane incident) was a series of explosions and ensuing fire that took place on the morning of August 10, 2008, in the Downsview neighbourhood of North York, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The explosions occurred at the Sunrise Propane Industrial Gases propane facility, located near Keele Street and Wilson Avenue around 03:50 ET. The blasts caused thousands of people to be evacuated from their homes and cost C$1.8 million to clean up, half of which was paid by the province of Ontario. An employee of Sunrise died in the initial explosions and a firefighter died of cardiac arrest the next day while at the scene.

Conflagration
A conflagration is a particularly large and destructive fire. In the built environment, this may describe a fire that spreads via structure to structure, ignition due to radiant or convective heat, or ember transmission. Conflagrations often damage human life, animal life, health, and/or property. A conflagration can begin accidentally or be intentionally created (arson). A very large fire can produce a firestorm, in which the central column of rising heated air induces strong inward winds, which supply oxygen to the fire. Conflagrations can cause casualties including deaths or injuries from burns, collapse of structures and attempts to escape, and smoke inhalation.

Firefighting is the practice of extinguishing a conflagration, protecting life and property and minimizing damage and injury. One of the goals of fire prevention is to avoid conflagrations. When a conflagration is extinguished, there is often a fire investigation to determine the cause of the fire.
Igor Yudin
Igor Yudin (born 17 June 1987) is an Australian volleyball player with Russian origins, a member of Australia men's national volleyball team in 2004–2012, a participant of the 2012 Olympic Games, 2007 Asian Champion.

VC Zenit-Kazan
VC Zenit-Kazan (Russian: Зенит-Казань), until 2008 known as Dinamo Tattransgaz Kazan (Russian: Динамо-Таттрансгаз), is a professional men's volleyball team based in Kazan, Russia. It plays in the Super League (11-time champion).
Anders G. Aldrin
Anders G. Aldrin (1889–1970) was a Swedish born American artist, active from 1926 to 1970.  The majority of his work was in painting, watercolors and wood block prints. He emigrated to the United States in 1911. In 1917, he joined the United States Army and served in France, becoming a naturalized citizen.  After recovering from tuberculosis in Arizona, he entered Otis Art Institute in 1923.  Respected by critics and artists alike, he chose an independent path for his work not wanting to be tied to a style or movement.  But he can easily be placed as a member of the California Scene Painting artists, as he preferred to work out in nature.  His work can be found in a number of museums.

Otis College of Art and Design
Otis College of Art and Design is a private art and design school in Los Angeles, California, United States. Established in 1918, it was the city's first independent professional school of art. The main campus is located in the former IBM Aerospace headquarters at 9045 Lincoln Boulevard in Westchester, Los Angeles. The school's programs, accredited by the WSCUC and National Association of Schools of Art and Design, include BFA and MFA degrees.
Rowing at the 1900 Summer Olympics – Men's coxed pair
The men's coxed pair was one of the competitions in the Rowing at the 1900 Summer Olympics events in Paris. It was held on 25 August and 26 August 1900. 7 boats, involving 22 rowers from 3 nations, competed. The event was won by a mixed team; Minerva Amsterdam's Dutch crew replaced its coxswain with a local French boy for the final. François Brandt and Roelof Klein were the rowers, with Hermanus Brockmann the cox in the semifinals; the French cox is unknown. Second and third places both went to French boats; Société nautique de la Marne (Lucien Martinet, René Waleff, and an unknown cox) took silver while Rowing Club Castillon (Carlos Deltour, Antoine Védrenne, and cox Raoul Paoli) earned bronze.

François Brandt
François Antoine Brandt (29 December 1874 – 4 July 1949) was a Dutch rower who competed at the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris. Brandt was part of the Dutch eight team that won a bronze medal with Hermanus Brockmann as the coxswain. Brockmann also steered the boat of Brandt and Roelof Klein in the coxed pairs semifinal, which they lost to France. The pair realized that the 60 kg weight of Brockmann puts them in disadvantage; they replaced him with a local boy of 33 kg and won the final narrowly beating the French team.

Brandt had a degree in civil engineering and until 1938 worked for the Dutch railways. Later he became bishop for Belgium and Netherlands for the Liberal Catholic Church.
Archdeacon of Blackburn
The Archdeacon of Blackburn is a senior ecclesiastical officer within the Diocese of Blackburn. Originally created on 17 August 1877 within the Diocese of Manchester, the office became a part of the new Diocese of Blackburn upon its creation on 12 November 1926.

As archdeacon she or he is responsible for the disciplinary supervision of the clergy within the seven area deaneries: Accrington, Blackburn with Darwen, Burnley, Chorley, Leyland, Pendle and Whalley.

Diocese of Blackburn
The diocese of Blackburn is diocese of the Church of England in North West England. Its boundaries correspond to northern Lancashire. The diocese contains 211 parishes and 280 churches. Blackburn Cathedral is the seat of the bishop of Blackburn, currently Philip North, and the diocesan offices are also located in Blackburn.

What is now the diocese of Blackburn was historically part of the diocese of York. It became part of the newly created diocese of Chester in 1541, and part of the diocese of Manchester when it was created in 1847. The diocese of Blackburn was in turn established on 12 November 1926 from the northern part of Manchester.
Akhil Bhartiya Dhanuk Ekta Mahasangh
Akhil Bhartiya Dhanuk Ekta Mahasangh (ABDEM; Hindi: अखिल भारतीय धानुक एकता महासंघ) is an India-based social organization working for the social, cultural and educational advancement of the Dhanuk community. The organization aims to promote unity, awareness, and protection of community rights across different regions of the country. The National President of the organization is Virendra Mandal.

The organization conducts national and state-level meetings, conferences and community programs focusing on organizational expansion, social upliftment, education, women's empowerment and cultural awareness.

The Mahasangh has also raised public demands for awarding the Bharat Ratna to noted Hindi writer Phanishwar Nath Renu.

In addition, the organization has demanded that freedom fighter Ramphal Mandal be officially recognized as a martyr by the government.

Ramphal Mandal
Ramphal Mandal (6 August 1924 – 23 August 1943) was an Indian freedom fighter from Bihar who participated in the Quit India Movement against British colonial rule. He is widely remembered in parts of Bihar for his role in the struggle for independence and his execution by the British authorities at the age of 19.
Holmdahl
Holmdahl is a Swedish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Emil Lewis Holmdahl (1883–1963), United States Army officer

John W. Holmdahl (1924–2017), American politician

Martin H:son Holmdahl (1923–2015), Swedish physician

Swedish name
In Sweden, a person must have a surname and one or more given names. Two given names are common. Surnames are inherited from the parents in the order of "same as elder sibling, if any, specified by parents, or mother's last name," and given names must be chosen by the parents at birth. The calling name (Swedish: tilltalsnamn), by which the person is normally identified in conversation, is one of the given names but not necessarily the first. In contexts in which the full name is spelled out, the calling name is often indicated by an asterisk, capital letters, underlining or italics. For example, Märta Birgit* Nilsson is known as Birgit Nilsson, and Björn* Kristian Ulvaeus is known as Björn Ulvaeus.
American Son (2008 film)
American Son is a 2008 drama film directed by Neil Abramson. The film stars Nick Cannon, Melonie Diaz, Matt O'Leary, Chi McBride, Jay Hernandez, and Tom Sizemore. Its plot follows a young man as he returns home to Bakersfield, California for Thanksgiving leave. Mike faces telling his friends and family of his nearby deployment to Iraq while dealing with a troublesome home life.

American Son competed in the Dramatic Competition at the 2008 Sundance Film Festival.

Jay Hernandez
Javier Manuel "Jay" Hernandez (born February 20, 1978) is an American actor. After making his television debut in NBC's Hang Time, he made his film debut opposite Kirsten Dunst in the romantic drama Crazy/Beautiful (2001). He has since starred in numerous films, including Torque (2004), Friday Night Lights (2004), Hostel (2005), Bad Moms (2016), and as Chato Santana / El Diablo in Suicide Squad (2016). From 2018 to 2024, he played Thomas Magnum in the CBS television series Magnum P.I.
Noa (band)
Noa was a French zeuhl group. The band claims influences from the progressive rock bands Henry Cow and Art Zoyd.

The group's lineup was Philippe Vincendeau on saxophones, Christian Robard on drums, vibraphone and xylophone, Bernard Nicolas on flute and soprano saxophone, Alain Gaubert on guitar and bass, and Claudie Nicolas on vocals.

In 2011, the band's only album, Noa, was re-released by the label Soleil Zeuhl.

Art Zoyd
Art Zoyd is a French band formed in 1969, mixing free jazz, progressive rock and avant-garde electronica. Gérard Hourbette was the band's director and composer until his death in May 2018. Another key member of the band was Thierry Zaboitzeff, who left the band in 1997. They both joined the band in 1971 and reformed it completely in 1975.
Masonetta
Masonetta is a monotypic genus of North American dwarf spiders containing the single species, Masonetta floridana. It was first described by Ralph Vary Chamberlin & Vaine Wilton Ivie in 1939, and has only been found in the United States.

Wilton Ivie
Vaine Wilton Ivie (March 28, 1907 – August 8, 1969) was an American arachnologist, who described hundreds of new species and many new genera of spiders, both under his own name and in collaboration with Ralph Vary Chamberlin. He was employed by the American Museum of Natural History in New York. He also was a supporter of the Technocracy movement.
2013 Open GDF Suez Nantes Atlantique – Singles
Monica Niculescu was the defending champion, having won the event in 2012, but withdrew before the event started.

Aliaksandra Sasnovich won the tournament, defeating Magda Linette in the final, 4–6, 6–4, 6–2.

Magda Linette
Magda Linette (born 12 February 1992) is a Polish professional tennis player. She has a career-high singles ranking of world No. 19, achieved in March 2023. She has reached eight finals on the WTA Tour, winning three titles, and the semifinals of the 2023 Australian Open, and the third round of the other majors.

Linette made her first appearance in a WTA Tour main draw at the Internationaux de Strasbourg in May 2013, where she also scored her first match win at this level. The same year, she reached her first WTA Tour semifinal in Baku, coming from qualifying. Linette won her first WTA 125 title at the 2014 Ningbo International Open, and her first WTA Tour title at the 2019 Bronx Open. Her best result in WTA Premier tournaments is the quarterfinals of 2016 Pan Pacific Open.

In 2020, she earned the Fan Favorite Shot of the Year award by the WTA for a slice forehand that she played against Peng Shuai en route to her second WTA Tour title at the Thailand Open.
Phnom Penh railway station
Phnom Penh railway station (Khmer: ស្ថានីយ៍រថភ្លើងភ្នំពេញ) is a  railway station in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. It is located next to the University of Health Sciences and the National University of Management as well as the Canadian embassy. This station was renovated and formally reopened October 22, 2010.

Scheduled passenger train services between Phnom Penh and Sihanoukville resumed in May 2016 after having been suspended for 14 years.  After that, many passenger train service continue to resume. As of May 2021, there is scheduled train service between Phnom Penh to Krong Pursat, Krong Battambang, Krong Sisophon, and Poipet. There will be a passenger train service from Phnom Penh to Bangkok by 2022.

From April 2018 until 2020, trains operated by Royal Railway began running express from Phnom Penh International Airport to Phnom Penh railway station. As of 2019, Royal Railway runs 44 trains each day, and 15–16 freight trains to Sihanoukville and Poipet.

University of Health Sciences (Cambodia)
The University of Health Sciences (UHS; Khmer: សាកលវិទ្យាល័យវិទ្យាសាស្រ្តសុខាភិបាល, ស.វ.ស., UNGEGN: Sakâlôvĭtyéaloăy Vĭtyéasastr Sŏkhaphĭbal, S.V.S.; French: Université des sciences de la santé, USS) is a public university offering degrees in health sciences (medicine, pharmacy, dentistry, nursing, public health, etc.) in Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
Asgiriya Raja Maha Vihara, Gampaha
Asgiriya Raja Maha Vihara (Sinhala: අස්ගිරිය රජ මහා විහාරය) is an ancient Cave temple situated in Gampaha District, Sri Lanka. The temple is located on top of a hillock on the Gampaha - Minuwangoda road and approximately 2 km (1.2 mi) away from Gampaha town. The temple has been formally recognised by the Government as an archaeological site in Sri Lanka. The designation was declared on 22 November 2002 under the government Gazette number 1264.

Minuwangoda
Minuwangoda (Sinhala: මිනුවන්ගොඩ, Tamil: மினுவந்கொட) is a town in Gampaha district, governed by an Urban Council and Pradheshia Saba, situated near Negombo, Western Province of Sri Lanka. It is located 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) east of Negombo and 35 kilometres (22 mi) north east of Colombo. It is an important junction town, connecting the Negombo to Kandy road (via Veyangoda and Nittambuwa) with the A1/A6 main road from Colombo to Kurunegala. The main bus route 5 from Colombo to Kurunegala passes through the town. The town is also situated near the Bandaranaike International Airport, on the way to Negombo.
Brabant Island
Brabant Island is the second largest island of the Palmer Archipelago within the British Antarctic Territory, lying between Anvers Island and Liège Island. Brabant Island is 59 km (37 mi) long north-south, 30 km (19 mi) wide, and rises to 2,520 m (8,268 ft) in Mount Parry.  The interior of the island is occupied by two mountain ranges, Solvay Mountains (Cook Summit, 1590 m) in its southern part and Stribog Mountains (summit Mount Parry) in its central and northern parts.

It was named by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition (1897–1899) under Adrien de Gerlache, who named it after the Belgian Province of Brabant, in recognition of the support given to the expedition by its citizens.

A paper summarizing the Joint Services expedition of 1984–1985 describes the island as "notoriously inhospitable" and states that there is evidence for only six visits between the discovery in 1898 and 1984.  Members of the expedition overwintered there in 1984–1985, and made the first ascent of Mount Parry.

Province of Brabant
The Province of Brabant (/brəˈbænt/, US also /brəˈbɑːnt, ˈbrɑːbənt/; Dutch: [ˈbraːbɑnt] ⓘ) was a province in Belgium from 1830 to 1995. It was created in 1815 as South Brabant, part of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands. In 1995, it was split into the Dutch-speaking Flemish Brabant, the French-speaking Walloon Brabant and the bilingual Brussels-Capital Region.
Rahui Road railway station
Rahui Road railway station is a railway station on the Bakhtiyarpur–Tilaiya line under the Danapur railway division of East Central Railway zone. It is situated beside National Highway 31 at Patasang in Nalanda district in the Indian state of Bihar.

Nalanda district
Nalanda district is one of the thirty-eight districts of the state of Bihar in India. Bihar Sharif is the administrative headquarters of this district. The districts is home to the ancient Nalanda Mahavihara a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Nalanda is located in the Magadh region of southern Bihar.
Oldřich of Olomouc
Udalrich of Olomouc (also known as Ulrich, Czech: Oldřich; Latin: Oldericus; 1134 – 18 October 1177) was Duke in Hradec Králové (eastern Bohemia) from 1152 till 1153 and between 1173–1177 ruled the appanage of Olomouc (as Duke of Olomouc), one of three ducal regions in Moravia, then part of the Duchy of Bohemia.

Olomouc
Olomouc (Czech pronunciation: [ˈolomouts] ⓘ; German: Olmütz) is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 103,000 inhabitants, making it the sixth largest city in the country. It is the administrative centre of the Olomouc Region.

Located on the Morava River, the city is the ecclesiastical metropolis and was a historical co-capital city of Moravia, before having been occupied by the Swedish army during the Thirty Years' War. The historic city centre is well preserved and is protected as urban monument reservation. The Holy Trinity Column was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2000 for its quintessential Baroque style and symbolic value.
Batı Kozluca oil field
The Batı Kozluca oil field is an oil field located in Batman, Batman Province, Southeastern Anatolia Region. It was discovered in 1978 and developed by Türkiye Petrolleri Anonim Ortaklığı. It began production in 1980 and  produces oil. The total proven reserves of the Batı Kozluca oil field are around 138 million barrels (18.8 million tonnes), and production is centered on 1,500 barrels per day (240 m3/d).

Batman Province
Batman Province (Turkish: Batman ili; Kurdish: Parêzgeha Êlihê, transl. "Province of Êlih"; Armenian: Բատմանի զավառ, transl. "Province of Batman") is a province in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. It was created in May 1990 with Law No. 3647, incorporating districts from the eastern Siirt Province and the southern Mardin Province. The province has an area of 4,477 km2 (1,729 sq mi) and a population of 634,491 (2022). Its current governor is Ekrem Canalp.

The province is considered part of Turkish Kurdistan and has a Kurdish majority. It is an important center for Turkey's oil industry, which has driven rapid urbanization since the mid-20th century.
Osnabrück Zoo
Osnabrück Zoo, also known as Zoo Osnabrück, is a zoo located in south Osnabrück at the hillside of Schölerberg in Osnabrück, Germany. It was founded under the name "Heimattiergarten", and opened during the summer of 1936. Almost 3000 animals from roughly 300 species can be seen on the 23.5 ha (0.235 km2) land. It is famous for housing the Grolar Bear.  This brought about many scientific inquiries into the zoo.

865,000 visitors visited the zoo in 2010.

Southern pig-tailed macaque
The southern pig-tailed macaque (Macaca nemestrina), also known as the Sundaland pig-tailed macaque and the Sunda pig-tailed macaque, is a medium-sized macaque that lives in Sundaland, southern Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia. It is known locally as beruk.