hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bono-dong
Bono-dong (Korean: 본오동; Hanja: 本五洞) is a Dong (administrative division) (neighborhood) of Sangnok District, Ansan, Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. It is officially divided into Bono-1-dong, Bono-2-dong and Bono-3-dong.

Bono 1 is a provincial and agricultural area with Banwol Plating Complex. It is a multi-family housing complex with many residents. In Bono Garden, Bono rice is produced and supplied to local residents.

Bono 2 is a typical residential area, with about 3,700 apartment complexes in the west and multi-family houses on the east. In the south is the 'Gakgol' park.

Bongo 3 is a mixture of apartment complexes and commercial areas. Especially, this area is Seoul Subway Line 4, Sangroksu Station station area, which is a key point of traffic and has a lot of working people.

Ansan
Ansan (Korean: 안산, Korean pronunciation: [an.san]) is a city in Gyeonggi Province, South Korea.  It lies southwest of Seoul and is part of the Seoul  Metropolitan Area. It is connected to Seoul by rail via Seoul Subway Line 4. It is situated on the Yellow Sea coast and some islands lie within its jurisdiction. The largest and best-known of these is Daebu Island.

Several higher learning institutions are located in Ansan.  They include Ansan University, Shin Ansan University, the ERICA campus of Hanyang University, and the Seoul Institute of the Arts. The Korea Transportation Safety Authority, a government agency, has also been headquartered in Ansan since June 3, 2002.  With its high number of foreign workers, Wongokbon-dong has been designated as a multicultural area. In 2021, Ansan was selected as the largest residential area for foreigners and it is seeking designation as a special multicultural city. Street play festival is held every year in Ansan.
Richard Southcote
Richard Southcote of the Inner Temple, London and Shillingford (1570–1594) was an English politician and landowner.

He was a younger son of Thomas Southcote of Bovey Tracey by his 3rd wife Elizabeth, the daughter of George Fitzwilliam of Mablethorpe, Lincolnshire.

He was admitted to the Inner Temple in 1589.
He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Plympton Erle in 1593, a seat which his father had sat for in 1558.

He died unmarried in 1594, leaving his younger brother George as his heir.

Bovey Tracey
Bovey Tracey (/ˌbʌvi ˈtreɪsi/) is a town and civil parish in Devon, England. It is located on the edge of Dartmoor, which gives rise to the slogan used on the town's boundary signs: The Gateway to the Moor. It is often known locally as Bovey. About 10 miles (16 km) south-west of Exeter, it lies on the A382 road, about halfway between Newton Abbot and Moretonhampstead. The village is at the centre of the electoral ward of Bovey. At the 2024 census, it had a population of 8,204, which was an increase on the 7,168 recorded in the 2011 census.
Brickfield and Long Meadow
Brickfield and Long Meadow is a 3.9 hectare Local Nature Reserve in Earls Colne in Essex, England.

There is access by footpaths from Park Lane, Church Hill and the Coggeshall Road.

The site was donated by the Hunt family by a Conveyance and Trust Deed dated 20 January 1987.

The Brickfield gained its name when it was used for stacking bricks made at nearby Tilekiln Farm.

As stated in the Natural England Designated Sites entry the Brickfield is a place where hundreds of anthills may be seen, which requires management of the site.

The site was once used by the local monastery to house its fishponds, the largest of which was in the Long Meadow.

Local nature reserve
Local nature reserve (LNR) is a statutory designation for certain nature reserves in Great Britain. The Wild Life Conservation Special Committee established them and proposed a national suite of protected areas comprising national nature reserves, conservation areas (which incorporated suggestions for Sites of Special Scientific Interest), national parks, geological monuments, local nature reserves and local educational nature reserves.

There are now over 1,280 LNRs in England, covering almost 40,000 hectares, which range from windswept coastal headlands and ancient woodlands to former inner city railways and long abandoned landfill sites.
Render farm
A render farm is a high-performance computer system, e.g. a computer cluster, built to render computer-generated imagery (CGI), typically for film and television visual effects.

A render farm is different from a render wall, which is a networked, tiled display used for real-time rendering. The rendering of images is a highly parallelizable activity, as frames and sometimes tiles can be calculated independently of the others, with the main communication between processors being the upload of the initial source material, such as models and textures, and the download of the finished images.

Visual effects
Visual effects (sometimes abbreviated as VFX) is the process by which imagery is created or manipulated outside the context of a live-action shot in filmmaking and video production.
The integration of live-action footage and other live-action footage or computer-generated imagery (CGI) elements to create realistic imagery is called VFX.

VFX involves the integration of live-action footage (which may include in-camera special effects) and generated-imagery (digital or optics, animals or creatures) which look realistic, but would be dangerous, expensive, impractical, time-consuming or impossible to capture on film. Visual effects using CGI have more recently become accessible to the independent filmmaker with the introduction of affordable and relatively easy-to-use animation and compositing software.
Theodore Draper
Theodore H. Draper (September 11, 1912 – February 21, 2006) was an American historian and political writer. Draper is best known for the 14 books he completed during his life, including work regarded as seminal on the formative period of the American Communist Party, the Cuban Revolution, and the Iran–Contra affair. Draper was a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the 1990 recipient of the Herbert Feis Award for Nonacademically Affiliated Historians from the American Historical Association.

American Historical Association
The American Historical Association (AHA) is the oldest professional association of historians in the United States and the largest such organization in the world with 11,000 members as of 2025. Founded in 1884, AHA works to protect academic freedom, develop professional standards, and support scholarship and innovative teaching. It publishes The American Historical Review four times annually, which features scholarly history-related articles and book reviews.

AHA is the major learned society for historians working in the United States, while the Organization of American Historians is a field society for historians who study and teach about the United States. The AHA's congressional charter of 1889, established it "for the promotion of historical studies, the collection and preservation of historical manuscripts, and for kindred purposes in the interest of American history, and of history in America."
Ellensburg station
Ellensburg station is a former train station in Ellensburg, Washington. Transcontinental trains of the Northern Pacific Railway reached the station in 1886. The modern station building was built in 1910. It was the second depot built to a standard design initially adopted with the North Yakima station. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 26, 1991. Amtrak service ceased on October 25, 1991, when the Empire Builder added a new leg to serve Portland, Oregon.

Empire Builder
The Empire Builder is a daily long-distance passenger train operated by Amtrak between Chicago and either Seattle or Portland via two sections west of Spokane. Introduced in 1929, it was the flagship passenger train of the Great Northern Railway and was retained by Amtrak when it took over intercity rail service in 1971.

The end-to-end travel time of the route is 45–46 hours for an average speed of about 50 mph (80 km/h), though the train travels as fast as 79 mph (127 km/h) over the majority of the route. It is Amtrak's busiest long-distance route.

During fiscal year 2023, the Empire Builder carried 338,993 passengers, an increase of 15.0% from FY2022 but 21.8% below pre-COVID-19 levels (433,372 passengers during FY2019). During FY2022, the train had a total revenue of $49,600,000.
Bungeishunjū Manga Award
The Bungeishunjū Manga Award (文藝春秋漫画賞, Bungeishunjū Manga Shō) was an annual award established in 1955 and given out by Bungeishunjū in Japan for gag, yonkoma, one-panel, and satirical manga. The award was also given out for works considered the magnum opus of manga creators.

Past winners of the award include Jōji Yamafuji, Makoto Wada, illustrations by Taku Furukawa, a picture book by Shinto Chō, and parodies by Mad Amano. While the award was given out for illustration, picture books, parodies, and other similar works, the proliferation of the modern manga culture led to more manga artists receiving the awards in recent years.

Bungeishunjū stopped giving out the award in 2002.

Yonkoma
Yonkoma manga (4コマ漫画; "four cell manga" or 4-koma for short) is a comic strip format that generally consists of gag comic strips within four panels of equal size, following a structure known as kishōtenketsu.
De la Bédoyère
De la Bédoyère is a surname of French origin. People with that name include:

Charles de la Bédoyère (1786–1815), French General during the reign of Emperor Napoleon I

Guy de la Bédoyère (born 1957), British historian

Michael de la Bédoyère (1900–1973), English author, editor and journalist

Guy de la Bédoyère
Guy Martyn Thorold Huchet de la Bédoyère (born November 1957) is a British historian who has published widely on Roman Britain and other subjects and appeared regularly on Time Team, an archaeological television series first broadcast on Channel 4. One of his male-line ancestors was the cousin of Charles de la Bédoyère (1786–1815), Napoleon's aide-de-camp at Waterloo in 1815.
Latécoère 21
The Latécoère 21 was a French flying boat built in 1925 for use by Lignes Aériennes Latécoère as an airliner on routes between France and North Africa. It was the first of the Latécoère flying boats, and the first aircraft to deliver mail between Marseille and Algiers. It was a conventional design for the era, with a monoplane wing mounted parasol-fashion. Warren truss-style struts braced the wing to stub wings that acted as sponsons for stability while on the water. The twin engines were placed in tandem push-pull configuration on the wing. Up to seven passengers could be seated in an enclosed cabin, and two pilots sat side by side in separate open cockpits.

Warren truss
In structural engineering, a Warren truss or equilateral truss is a type of truss employing a weight-saving design based upon equilateral triangles. It is named after the British engineer James Warren, who patented it in 1848.
Abundisporus mollissimus
Abundisporus mollissimus is a species of bracket fungus in the family Polyporaceae. This white rot fungus was described as new to science in 2015 by mycologists Bao-Kai Cui and Chang-Lin Zhao. The type was found fruiting on a fallen angiosperm trunk in Chengmai County (Hainan Province, China); it has also been found on a dead tree of Xanthophyllum hainanense. A. mollissimus is distinguished from other Abundisporus species by its effused-reflexed to pileate and soft fruit bodies, narrower skeletal hyphae, and spores that measure 4–4.5 by 3–3.5 μm.

Xanthophyllum
Xanthophyllum is a genus of about 109 species of trees and shrubs, of the plant family Polygalaceae; (under the Cronquist system it was previously placed in the monotypic family Xanthophyllaceae).  The generic name is from the Greek meaning "yellow leaf", referring to how the leaves are often yellow when dry. In Borneo it is known as minyak berok in Malay or nyalin in the Iban language.
Otaci
Otaci (formerly Ataki) is a town (population 8,400) on the southwestern bank of the Dniester River, which at that point forms the northeastern border of Moldova. On the opposite side of the Dniester lies the Ukrainian city of Mohyliv-Podilskyi, and the two municipalities are connected by a bridge over the river. Otaci is located in Ocnița District. The town was sometimes referred to in older records as Mogilevskie Ataki to distinguish it from the other nearby town called Ataky or Ataki, which is near Khotyn.

Miriam Weiner (genealogist)
Miriam Weiner (/ˈwiːnər/) is an American genealogist, author, and lecturer who specializes in the research of Jewish roots in Poland and the former Soviet Union. Weiner is considered to be one of the pioneers of contemporary Jewish genealogy through her work to open up archives and is described as a trail-blazing, highly respected guide and leading authority on archival holdings and resources in pre-war Belarus, Lithuania, Moldova, Poland, and Ukraine.
Johann Sturm
Johann Christoph Sturm (3 November 1635 – 26 December 1703) was a German philosopher, professor at University of Altdorf and founder of a short-lived scientific academy known as the Collegium Curiosum, based on the model of the Florentine Accademia del Cimento. He edited two volumes of the academy's proceedings under the title Collegium Experimentale (1676 and 1685). In 1670, he translated the works of Archimedes into German.

Sturm is the author of Physica Electiva (1697), a book that criticized Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz and prompted him to publish a rebuke. Sturm's critique was aimed at Leibniz's view that Nature and/or its constituent parts possess some creative force of their own. This criticism was partly theological, in that Sturm claimed Leibniz's view of Nature undermined the sovereignty of the Christian God.

Accademia del Cimento
The Accademia del Cimento (Academy of Experiment), an early scientific society, was founded in Florence in 1657 by students of Galileo, Giovanni Alfonso Borelli and Vincenzo Viviani and ceased to exist about a decade later. The foundation of Academy was funded by Prince Leopoldo and Grand Duke Ferdinando II de' Medici. The tenets of the society included:

Experimentation (about everything, in this early period of science)

Avoidance of speculation

Creation of laboratory instruments

Standards of measurement

Motto – Provando e riprovando = Proving and proving again (or Trying and Trying again)

A publication Saggi di naturali esperienze fatte nell'Accademia del Cimento sotto la protezione del Serenissimo Principe Leopoldo di Toscana e descritte dal segretario di essa Accademia first published in 1666, later translated into Latin in 1731. It became the standard laboratory manual in the 18th century.
Lhen Coan
Lhen Coan is the only natural canyon on the Isle of Man situated in Groudle Glen on the outskirts of Onchan. It is also the name of the nearby station on the Groudle Glen Railway. In the Victorian era the canyon was accessed by rustic timber walkways, which have been removed but the canyon is clearly discernible from the main path, and is crossed by a footbridge at the approach to the railway's main station.

Lhen Coan is Manx for "lonely valley".

Onchan
Onchan (/ˈɔːŋkən/; Manx: Kione Droghad) is a large village in the parish of Onchan on the Isle of Man. It is at the north end of Douglas Bay. Administratively a district, it has the second largest population of settlements on the island, after Douglas, with which it forms a conurbation.

In Manx the name for the village is Kione Droghad meaning "bridge end".
Pandanus erectus
Pandanus erectus a species of plant in the family Pandanaceae. It is native to Madagascar, described growing in secondary forest in the Maroantsetra area of NE Madagascar. Some references list Pandanus concretus as the accepted name, with Pandanus centrifugalis, P. dauphinensis, P. erectus and P. madagascarensis as synonyms.

Pandanus erectus is described as a 15 m tall tree with an erect dark brown trunk 25 cm in diameter with short, conic spines. The trunk remains unbranched almost to the top. Branches are few and strictly ascending. Prop roots are few, spiny, light brown and about 1.5 cm wide, 20 cm long. Leaves are 3.2-3.25 m long, 15–16 cm wide rigid and erect, but outer ones frequently break and then hang down. Fruiting clusters develop at branch tips and are usually made up of 10 complex fruits (syncarps) attached in three rows.

Pandanaceae
Pandanaceae is a family of flowering plants native to the tropics and subtropics of the Old World, from West Africa to the Pacific. It contains 982 known species in five genera, of which the type genus, Pandanus, is the most important, with species like Pandanus amaryllifolius and karuka (Pandanus julianettii) being important sources of food. The family likely originated during the Late Cretaceous.
Caipira music
Caipira is a musical style of the Caipira culture, which originated in São Paulo, during the period of Portuguese colonization. The theme of the Caipira style, performed mainly to the accompaniment of a Caipira guitar, is especially based on life in the countryside or sertão, where Caipira culture first developed. The first Caipira music group emerged in 1924, the Turma Caipira, created by the folklorist Cornélio Pires, being composed in its first phase by Arlindo Santana, Sebastião Ortiz de Camargo, Zico Dias, Ferrinho, Mariano da Silva, Caçula and Olegário José de Godoy, all from Piracicaba.

Backcountry
In geography, a backcountry, back country or backwater is a geographical area that is remote, undeveloped, isolated, or difficult to access. These areas are typically rural or mountainous and sparsely populated.
Howard Fulweiler
Howard Wells Fulweiler (September 18, 1885 – April 17, 1936) was an American football player and coach and clergyman. He served as the head football coach at the South Dakota School of Mines in Rapid City, South Dakota in 1911. Fulweiler was a member of the University of Pennsylvania football team from 1905 to 1908. He later served as a pastor in South Dakota and the surrounding region.

South Dakota School of Mines and Technology
The South Dakota School of Mines & Technology (South Dakota Mines, SD Mines, or SDSM&T) is a public university in Rapid City, South Dakota, United States. It is governed by the South Dakota Board of Regents and was founded in 1885. South Dakota Mines offers bachelor's, master’s, and doctoral degrees.
Xolve
Xolve, Inc. is a Madison, Wisconsin-based nanomaterial company that uses its proprietary technology to improve the attributes and performance of polymer composites and energy storage materials. The company is known for developing a process that uses organic compounds or polymers to either dissolve or place true solutions of nanoparticles previously thought to be insoluble, including carbon nanotubes and graphene.

Xolve won the Wisconsin Governor's Business Plan Contest in 2008, and was named one of the top startups of 2008 by Businessweek. The company was also a national finalist in the 2010 CleanTech Open San Jose, CA. The company originated from the fundamental research of then 17-year-old student Philip Streich and University of Wisconsin-Platteville Chemistry and Engineering Physics Professor James P. Hamilton and was founded by serial entrepreneurs Professor Hamilton and Eric Apfelbach as well as Philip Streich.

Nanomaterials
Nanomaterials describe, in principle, chemical substances or materials of which a single unit is sized (in at least one dimension) between 1 and 100 nm (the usual definition of nanoscale).

Nanomaterials research takes a materials science-based approach to nanotechnology, leveraging advances in materials metrology and synthesis which have been developed in support of microfabrication research. Materials with structure at the nanoscale often have unique optical, electronic, thermo-physical or mechanical properties.

Nanomaterials are slowly becoming commercialized and beginning to emerge as commodities.
Mount Gravatt Football Club
The Mount Gravatt Australian Football Club, nicknamed the Vultures, is an Australian rules football club which competed in the North East Australian Football League competition from 2011–2013 and as of 2014 is a member club of the Queensland Australian Football League., formed in 1964.

North East Australian Football League
The North East Australian Football League (NEAFL /ˈniːfəl/ NEE-fəl) was an Australian rules football league in New South Wales, Queensland, the Australian Capital Territory and the Northern Territory. The league was formed in November 2010, and its inaugural competition was in 2011. It was a second division league, sitting below the national Australian Football League (AFL) and featured the reserves teams of the region's four AFL clubs playing alongside six non-AFL affiliated NEAFL senior teams. Nine NEAFL seasons were contested between 2011 and 2019, before the 2020 season was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and the league was amalgamated into the Victorian Football League from 2021.
Charles Napier (Royal Navy officer)
Admiral Sir Charles John Napier KCB (6 March 1786 – 6 November 1860) was a British naval officer whose sixty years in the Royal Navy included service in the War of 1812, the Napoleonic Wars, Syrian War and the Crimean War, and a period commanding the Portuguese navy in the Liberal Wars. An innovator concerned with the development of iron ships, and an advocate of humane reform in the Royal Navy, he was also active in politics as a Liberal Member of Parliament and was probably the naval officer most widely known to the public in the early Victorian Era.

Marylebone (UK Parliament constituency)
Marylebone was a parliamentary constituency in Middlesex, England from 1832 to 1885. The parliamentary borough formed part of the built up area of London, and returned two members to the House of Commons of the UK Parliament and was created under the Reform Act 1832. It was abolished by the Redistribution of Seats Act, 1885 which split it into 8 seats.
Tengboche
Tengboche (or Thyangboche) is a village in Khumbu Pasanglhamu rural municipality in the Khumbu subregion of Koshi Province in Nepal, located at 3,867 metres (12,687 ft). Within the village is an important Buddhist monastery,  Tengboche Monastery, which is the largest gompa in the Khumbu region. The structure was built in 1923. In 1934, it was destroyed by an earthquake but subsequently rebuilt. It was destroyed again by a fire in 1989, and again rebuilt with the help of volunteers and the provision of foreign aid. Tengboche has  a panoramic view of the Himalayan mountains, including the well-known peaks of  Tawache, Everest, Nuptse, Lhotse, Ama Dablam, and Thamserku. Tenzing Norgay, the first man to reach the summit of Mount Everest with Sir Edmund Hillary, was born in the area in the village of Thani and was once sent to Tengboche Monastery to be a monk.

Thamserku
Thamserku is a mountain in the Himalayas of eastern Nepal. The mountain is connected by a ridge leading eastward to Kangtega. Thamserku is a prominent mountain to the east of Namche Bazaar and lies just north of Kusum Kangguru.

The first ascent was made in 1964 from the south by members of Edmund Hillary's Schoolhouse Expedition: Lynn Crawford, Pete Farrell, John McKinnon and Richard Stewart. Below the basin on the southwest face, they reached the south ridge after climbing a difficult couloir. The team described the climb as difficult and the route has never again been repeated in its entirety. In 2014, Russian climbers Alexander Gukov and Alexey Lonchinskiy made the first ascent on the southwest face.
Crooked Streets
Crooked Streets is a 1920 American silent drama spy film directed by Paul Powell and produced by Famous Players–Lasky and distributed by Paramount Pictures. It is one of star Ethel Clayton's rare surviving silent films with a copy at the Library of Congress. The film is based on a short story, "Dinner at Eight", by Samuel Merwin.

Paul Powell (director)
Paul Mahlon Powell (September 6, 1881 – July 2, 1944) was an American journalist,  director, producer, screenwriter, and actor. Powell was most active during the silent film era and is best known for directing Mary Pickford in Pollyanna (1920).