hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Benzoyl group
In organic chemistry, benzoyl (/ˈbɛnzoʊɪl/, BENZ-oh-il) is the functional group with the formula −COC6H5 and structure −C(=O)−C6H5. It can be viewed as benzaldehyde missing one hydrogen. The benzoyl group has a mass of 105 amu.

The term "benzoyl" should not be confused with benzyl, which has the formula −CH2−C6H5. The benzoyl group is given the symbol "Bz" whereas benzyl is commonly abbreviated "Bn".

Ketone
In organic chemistry, a ketone /ˈkiːtoʊn/ is an organic compound with the structure R−C(=O)−R', where R and R' can be a variety of carbon-containing substituents. Ketones contain a carbonyl group −C(=O)− (a carbon-oxygen double bond C=O). A ketone derived from an alkane is an alkanone. The simplest ketone is acetone (where R and R' are methyl), with the formula (CH3)2CO. Many ketones are of great importance in biology and industry. Examples include many sugars (ketoses), many steroids, e.g., testosterone, and the solvent acetone.
Bill Ingebrigtsen
Bill G. Ingebrigtsen (/ˈɪŋɡəbrɪtsɪn/ ING-gə-brit-sin; born March 26, 1952) is a Minnesota politician and former member of the Minnesota Senate. A member of the Republican Party of Minnesota, he represented District 8, which includes parts of Douglas and Otter Tail counties in the west central part of the state.

Minnesota Senate
The Minnesota Senate is the upper house of the legislature of the U.S. state of Minnesota. At 67 members, half as many as the Minnesota House of Representatives, it is the largest upper house of any U.S. state legislature. Floor sessions are held in the west wing of the State Capitol in Saint Paul. Committee hearings, as well as offices for senators and staff, are located north of the State Capitol in the Minnesota Senate Building. Each member of the Minnesota Senate represents approximately 85,000 constituents.
Bike East Bay
Bike East Bay, formerly known as East Bay Bicycle Coalition, is a Californian non-profit organization that worked since 1972 toward "promoting bicycling as an everyday means of transportation and recreation" in Alameda and Contra Costa counties of the California's East Bay (part of the San Francisco Bay Area).

Alameda, California
Alameda (/ˌæləˈmiːdə/ ⓘ AL-ə-MEE-də; Spanish: [alaˈmeða]; Spanish for "tree-lined path") is a city in Alameda County, California, United States, located in the East Bay region of the Bay Area. The city is built on an informal archipelago in San Francisco Bay, consisting of Alameda Island, Bay Farm Island and Coast Guard Island, along with other smaller islands. As of the 2020 census, the city's population was 78,280.
18S ribosomal RNA
18S ribosomal RNA (abbreviated 18S rRNA) is a part of the ribosomal RNA in eukaryotes. It is a component of the Eukaryotic small ribosomal subunit (40S) and the cytosolic homologue of both the 12S rRNA in mitochondria and the 16S rRNA in plastids and prokaryotes. Similar to the prokaryotic 16S rRNA, the genes of the 18S ribosomal RNA have been widely used for phylogenetic studies and biodiversity screening of eukaryotes.

Svedberg
In chemistry, a Svedberg unit or svedberg (symbol S, sometimes Sv) is a non-SI metric unit for sedimentation coefficients. The Svedberg unit offers a measure of a particle's size indirectly based on its sedimentation rate under acceleration (i.e. how fast a particle of given size and shape settles out of suspension). The svedberg is a measure of time, defined as exactly 10−13 seconds (100 fs).

For biological macromolecules like ribosomes, the sedimentation rate is typically measured as the rate of travel in a centrifuge tube subjected to high g-force.

The svedberg (S) is distinct from the SI unit sievert or the non-SI unit sverdrup, which also use the symbol Sv, and to the SI unit Siemens which uses the symbol S too.
Bogdan Musiał
Bogdan Musiał (born 1960 in Poland) is a Polish-German historian. In 1985 he left Poland and became a political refugee in Germany, where he obtained German citizenship.  In 2010 he returned to Poland and became a professor at the Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw.

Musiał specializes in World War II history.

Right of asylum
The right of asylum, sometimes called right of political asylum (asylum from Ancient Greek  ἄσυλον (ásulon) 'sanctuary'), is a juridical concept, under which people persecuted by their own rulers might be protected by another sovereign authority, such as a second country or another entity which in medieval times could offer sanctuary. This right was recognized by the Ancient Egyptians, the Greeks, and the Hebrews, from whom it was adopted into Western tradition. René Descartes fled to the Netherlands, Voltaire to England, and Thomas Hobbes to France, because each state offered protection to persecuted foreigners. Contemporary right of asylum is founded on the non-binding Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
Colombo, Paraná
Colombo is a  city of about 247,000 inhabitants in the Southern Brazilian state of Paraná; is the third largest city in Greater Curitiba, with the largest one being Curitiba.

It was founded on 5 February 1890. It is located at  25º17'30" S,  49º13'27" W, at an elevation of about 1000 metres above sea level, some 18 km from state capital Curitiba. The city is the largest Italian colony in the state.

South Region, Brazil
The South Region of Brazil (Região Sul do Brasil [ʁeʒiˈɐ̃w ˈsuw du bɾaˈziw]) is one of the five regions of Brazil. It includes the states of Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, and Santa Catarina, and covers 576,409.6 square kilometres (222,553.0 sq mi), being the smallest region of the country, occupying only about 6.76% of the territory of Brazil. Its whole area is smaller than that of the state of Minas Gerais, in Southeast Brazil, for example or the whole metropolitan France.

It is a tourist, economic and cultural pole. It borders Uruguay, Argentina, and Paraguay, as well as the Centre-West and Southeast regions, and the Atlantic Ocean. The region is considered the safest in Brazil to visit, having a lower crime rate than other regions in the country.
Acid–base disorder
Acid–base imbalance is an abnormality of the human body's normal balance of acids and bases that causes the plasma pH to deviate out of the normal range (7.35 to 7.45). In the fetus, the normal range differs based on which umbilical vessel is sampled (umbilical vein pH is normally 7.25 to 7.45; umbilical artery pH is normally 7.18 to 7.38). It can exist in varying levels of severity, some life-threatening.

Bicarbonate
In inorganic chemistry, bicarbonate (American English: /baɪˈkɑːr.bə.neɪt/ ⓘ) (IUPAC-recommended nomenclature: hydrogencarbonate) is an intermediate form in the deprotonation of carbonic acid. It is a polyatomic anion with the chemical formula HCO3–.

Bicarbonate serves a crucial biochemical role in the physiological pH buffering system.

The term "bicarbonate" was coined in 1814 by the English chemist William Hyde Wollaston. The name lives on as a trivial name.
HMS Spy (1756)
HMS Spy was a Bonetta-class sloop launched at Rotherhithe in 1756 for the Royal Navy. The Navy sold her in 1773. From 1776, or perhaps earlier she was a transport. Then from 1780 to 1783, as Mars, she was first a privateer and then a slave ship, engaged in the triangular trade in enslaved persons. Between 1783 and 1787 her name was Tartar, and she traded with the Mediterranean. From 1787, as Southampton,  she was a whaler in the British southern whale fishery. She made at least four complete whaling voyages and was last listed in 1792.

Slave ship
Slave ships were large cargo ships specially built or converted from the 17th to the 19th century for transporting slaves. Such ships were also known as "Guineamen" because the trade involved human trafficking to and from the Guinea coast in West Africa.
I-Soon leak
On 16 February 2024, a series of documents from Chinese information company i-Soon (Chinese: 安洵信息) were leaked on GitHub. The documents showed that the company engaged with several hacking and cyber espionage activities with the Chinese government. After the leak, the Chinese government's role in cyberwarfare and its connection with private Internet companies became the focus of international attention and media investigation.

Hacker
A hacker is a person skilled in information technology who achieves goals and solves problems by non-standard means. The term has become associated in popular culture with a security hacker – someone with knowledge of bugs or exploits to break into computer systems and access data which would otherwise be inaccessible to them. In a positive connotation, though, hacking can also be utilized by legitimate figures in legal situations. For example, law enforcement agencies sometimes use hacking techniques to collect evidence on criminals and other malicious actors. This could include using anonymity tools (such as a VPN or the dark web) to mask their identities online and pose as criminals.

Hacking can also have a broader sense of any roundabout solution to a problem, or programming and hardware development in general, and hacker culture has spread the term's broader usage to the general public even outside the profession or hobby of electronics (see life hack).
Pottersdale, Pennsylvania
Pottersdale is an unincorporated community in Clearfield County, Pennsylvania, United States. The community is located in the northeastern corner of the county in Karthaus Township, 21.9 miles (35.2 km) east-northeast of Clearfield.

Clearfield County, Pennsylvania
Clearfield County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 80,562. The county seat is Clearfield, and the largest city is DuBois. The county was created in 1804 and later organized in 1822.

Clearfield County comprises the DuBois, PA Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the State College–DuBois, PA Combined Statistical Area. The county is part of the North Central region of the commonwealth.
Josef Teichmann
Josef Teichmann (* 27 August 1972 in Lienz) is an Austrian mathematician and professor at ETH Zürich working on mathematical finance, stochastic analysis and machine learning.

After studying mathematics at the University of Graz, he pursued his PhD at the University of Vienna. The title of his dissertation in 1999 under the supervision of Peter W. Michor was "The Theory of Infinite-Dimensional Lie Groups from the Point of View of Functional Analysis".

After working at the Vienna University of Technology, he obtained the Habilitation there in 2002. Since June 2009 he has been a professor at the Department of Mathematics at ETH Zürich. Since August 2023 he has been chair of the Department of Mathematics at ETH Zürich.

In 2005 he was awarded the Prize of the Austrian Mathematical Society and in 2006 the Start-Preis of the FWF.

In 2014 he was awarded the Louis Bachelier Prize by the French Academy of Sciences.

Lienz
Lienz (German: [ˈliːɛnt͡s] ⓘ; Southern Bavarian: Lianz) is a medieval town in the Austrian state of Tyrol. It is the administrative centre of the Lienz district, which covers all of East Tyrol. The municipality also includes the cadastral subdivision of Patriasdorf.
A Long Day's Night
A Long Day's Night is a live album by American hard rock band Blue Öyster Cult, recorded in Chicago, Illinois, on 21 June 2002. The title is a reference to the album being recorded during the summer solstice, the longest day of the year.

The concert was released as a DVD and a CD; the CD does not include seven of the songs included on the DVD-release ("E.T.I.," "Harvester of Eyes," "Flaming Telepaths," "Then Came the Last Days of May," "ME 262" and the encore songs "Dominance and Submission" and "The Red and the Black"), while the CD-release featured "Astronomy", not available on the DVD.

In 2004, 10 tracks from this concert were released again as Extended Versions: The Encore Collection.

Eric Bloom
Eric Jay Bloom (born December 1, 1944) is an American musician, singer and songwriter. He is best known as the lead vocalist, guitar and keyboard/synthesizer player for the long-running band Blue Öyster Cult, with work on more than 20 albums. Much of his lyrical content relates to his lifelong interest in science fiction.
Die Verräter – Vertraue Niemandem!
Die Verräter – Vertraue Niemandem! (English: "The Traitors – Trust No-One!") is a German reality game show broadcast on RTL since 13 September 2023 and hosted by Sonja Zietlow. It is the German version of The Traitors franchise first broadcast in the Netherlands. Like the original Dutch version but unlike its British and American adaptations, all contestants are celebrities.

The first series was filmed at the Château de Béguin in Lurcy-Lévis, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, while all series since the second have been filmed at the Château de Mielmont in Belgium.

RTL (German TV channel)
RTL (from Radio Télévision Luxembourg), formerly RTL plus and RTL Television, is a German-language free-to-air television channel owned by RTL Deutschland, headquartered in Cologne. Founded as an offshoot of the German-language radio programme Radio Luxemburg, RTL is considered a full-service broadcaster under the Medienstaatsvertrag (Interstate Media Treaty) and is the largest private television network in Germany. As of August 2010, RTL employs some 500 permanent staff, having outsourced its news and technical departments.

In September 2021, Mediengruppe RTL Deutschland (RTL Germany Media Group) was renamed RTL Deutschland. As part of the rebrand, both the group and the channel received new logos and branding.
Dartford F.C.
Dartford Football Club is a semi-professional association football club based in Dartford, Kent, England.  In the 2024–25 season, the club participates in the Isthmian League Premier Division, the seventh tier of the English football league system.

The club was formed in 1888 by members of the Dartford Working Men's Club. After winning the Isthmian League Division One North in the 2007–08 season and the Isthmian League Premier Division in the 2009–10 season, Dartford were promoted to the Conference Premier in 2012, in which they spent three seasons. The club's best performances in the FA Cup came in 1936 and 1937, when they reached the third round of the competition; they have also reached the final of the FA Trophy once, in 1974.

Home matches are played at the club's environmentally friendly stadium, Princes Park, opened in November 2006.

Working men's club
Working men's clubs are British private social clubs first created in the 19th century in industrial areas, particularly the North of England,  Midlands, Scotland, Northern Ireland and South Wales Valleys, to provide recreation and education for working-class men and their families.
Port Shepstone Lighthouse
The Port Shepstone Lighthouse is an 8 m high, round cast iron tower in Port Shepstone, at the mouth of the Umzimkulu River on the south coast of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. It was commissioned on 10 March 1905.

The lighthouse is painted with a checkered black and white pattern. The electric light, mounted on a rotating system, produces 1,130,000 CD and can be seen 26 nautical miles away. The light flashes once every 6 seconds and has a focal plane of 24 m above the high water mark.

The lighthouse was originally located at Scottburgh, at the southern end of Aliwal Shoal (site of several ship wrecks), and later transferred to its current position.

The lighthouse was declared a national monument in 1995.

The lighthouse replaced an earlier signal station, set up in 1895, which had a ship masthead lantern at the top of a ladder-like structure.

Scottburgh
Scottburgh (/ˈskɒtbərə/) is a coastal resort town located along the south coast of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. It situated south of the mouth of the Mpambanyoni River (confuser of birds).: 332

Prior to 1 December 2023, vehicle registration plates in Scottburgh started with NX - N for Natal, X for Alexandra as the town once formed part of the Alexandra County in the 1800s along with Umzinto, Umkomaas, Park Rynie and Sezela-Pennington. The reason why it was not registered as NA instead was because the town of Harding, 140 kilometres south-west, already bore the vehicle registration “NA”.
Sirenophila gintarasii
Sirenophila gintarasii is a species of lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. Found in Australia, it was formally described as a new species in 2009 by lichenologists Sergey Kondratyuk and Ingvar Kärnefelt, as a member of the genus Caloplaca. The type specimen was collected by the authors from the Camel Rock reserve (northeast of Beauty Point township, Murunna Point). There it was found growing on coastal rock outcrops, along with the crustose species Sirenophila eos and Dufourea ligulata, some of which had been deformed by the lichenicolous fungus species Arthonia sytnikii and Pyrenidium actinellum. The species epithet honours Tasmanian lichen lichenologist Gintaras Kantvilas. Ulf Arup and colleagues transferred the taxon to the genus Sirenophila in 2013, following a molecular phylogenetics-based restructuring of the family Teloschistaceae. Sirenophila gintarasii occurs in New South Wales and Victoria.

Sergey Kondratyuk
Sergey Yakovlevich Kondratyuk (Ukrainian: Сергій Якович Кондратюк) (born 17 May 1959) is a Ukrainian botanist specialising in lichenology. His research deals with the taxonomy, floristics, ecology and geography of lichens and lichenicolous fungi. He has worked at the M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine for more than 40 years. In 2014 Kondratyuk was awarded the State Prize of Ukraine in Science and Technology.
Amr Elnady
Amr Elnady (born 4 June 1975) is an Egyptian former professional road cyclist. He most notably won the Tour d'Egypte in 1999 and 2001 and the Tour of Saudi Arabia in 1999. He competed in the Men's Individual time trial at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney where he finished 36th.

Saudi Tour
The AlUla Tour, formerly known as the Saudi Tour and the Tour of Saudi Arabia, is an annual professional road bicycle racing stage race first held in Saudi Arabia in 1999. It has been held intermittently since its creation, and in 2020 joined the UCI Asia Tour for the first time. It is promoted by the Amaury Sport Organisation (ASO) and were classified by the International Cycling Union (UCI) as a 2.1 category race from 2020 to 2025. From 2026, the race were upgraded to UCI ProSeries and were classified as 2.Pro.
Bill Fraccio
William Fraccio (July 9, 1920 – October 24, 2005) was an American comic book artist whose career stretched from the 1940s Golden Age of comic books through 1979, when he turned to producing advertising art and teaching. He is best known for his 23-year run at Charlton Comics, where he illustrated, among many other things, the first two professional stories of future Marvel Comics editor-in-chief Roy Thomas.

The often-uncredited Fraccio and his frequent art partner, inker Tony Tallarico, sometimes used the joint pseudonym Tony Williamson and, later, Tony Williamsune, on stories for Warren Publishing's horror-comics magazines Creepy, Eerie and Vampirella.

Creepy (magazine)
Creepy was an American horror comics magazine launched by Warren Publishing in 1964. Like Mad, it was a black-and-white newsstand publication in a magazine format and did not carry the seal of the Comics Code Authority. An anthology magazine, it initially was published quarterly but later went bimonthly. Each issue's stories were introduced by the host character, Uncle Creepy. Its sister publications were Eerie and Vampirella.
2015 Grand Prix SAR La Princesse Lalla Meryem – Doubles
Garbiñe Muguruza and Romina Oprandi were the defending champions, but they chose not to participate this year. 
Tímea Babos and Kristina Mladenovic won the title, defeating Laura Siegemund and Maryna Zanevska in the final, 6–1, 7–6(7–5).

Romina Oprandi
Romina Sarina Oprandi (born 29 March 1986) is a retired tennis player. She has dual Swiss-Italian citizenship and represented both countries; she first represented Italy from her professional debut in 2005 until January 2012, when she joined the Swiss Tennis Federation.

She has won 26 singles titles and 11 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit, and also one doubles title on the WTA Tour. On 10 June 2013, she achieved a career-high singles ranking of world No. 32.
Episode Six (band)
Episode Six were an English rock band formed in Harrow, London in 1965. The band did not have commercial success in the UK, releasing nine singles that all failed to chart, but they did find minor success in Beirut at the time.: 49  Group members Ian Gillan and Roger Glover left in 1969 to join Deep Purple, while drummer Mick Underwood founded Quatermass and later collaborated with Gillan.

John Gustafson (musician)
John Frederick "Johnny" Gustafson (8 August 1942 – 12 September 2014) was an English bass guitar player and singer, who had a lengthy recording and live performance career. During his career, he was a member of the bands The Big Three, The Merseybeats, Quatermass, Roxy Music, The Pirates and Ian Gillan Band.
Less Browne
Less Browne (born December 7, 1959) is an American former professional football defensive back who played in the United States Football League (USFL) and Canadian Football League (CFL). He was a member of the Pittsburgh Maulers of the USFL, and the Hamilton Tiger-Cats, Winnipeg Blue Bombers, Ottawa Rough Riders and BC Lions of the CFL.

Pittsburgh Maulers (1984)
The Pittsburgh Maulers were a team that competed in the 1984 season of the United States Football League. Their most prominent player was first pick overall in the 1984 USFL draft, running back Mike Rozier of Nebraska, who won the Heisman Trophy, collegiate football's most prestigious individual award.

They were owned by shopping mall magnate Edward J. DeBartolo, Sr., the father of Edward J. DeBartolo, Jr., then-owner of the San Francisco 49ers of the National Football League and the Pittsburgh Penguins of the National Hockey League. The Maulers played at Three Rivers Stadium.
Full fiscal autonomy for Scotland and Wales
Full fiscal autonomy (FFA) – also known as devolution max, devo-max, or fiscal federalism – is a proposed extension of the devolved powers of the Scottish and Welsh Parliaments over public finance. The term has come to describe a proposed arrangement whereby rather than receiving a block grant from HM Treasury at Westminster as at present, the Scottish Parliament and Senedd would receive all taxation collected in Scotland or Wales; the Scottish and Welsh Governments would reimburse the UK government for Scotland or Wales's share of UK-wide programs, mainly defence and foreign relations. Scottish/Welsh fiscal autonomy – stopping short of full political independence – is usually promoted by advocates of a federal United Kingdom. It has also been proposed by the Scottish National Party, currently the governing party in Scotland, as a potential third option in a future independence referendum.

HM Treasury
His Majesty's Treasury (often shortened to HM Treasury, the Treasury or HMT) is the Government of the United Kingdom’s economic and finance ministry, maintaining control over the United Kingdom's public spending and setting its economic policy. It is one of the smallest government departments by staff count, but is widely considered the most powerful.