hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nikolai Tcherepnin
Nikolai Nikolayevich Tcherepnin or Cherepnin (Russian: Николай Николаевич Черепнин; May 15 [O.S. May 3] 1873 – 26 June 1945) was a Russian composer, pianist, and conductor. He was born in Saint Petersburg and studied under Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov at the Saint Petersburg Conservatory. He conducted for the first Paris season of Sergei Diaghilev's Ballets Russes.

Edmond Rostand
Edmond Eugène Alexis Rostand (UK: /ˈrɒstɒ̃/, US: /rɔːˈstɒ̃, ˈrɒstænd/, French: [ɛdmɔ̃ ʁɔstɑ̃]; 1 April 1868 – 2 December 1918) was a French poet and dramatist. He is associated with neo-romanticism and is known best for his 1897 play Cyrano de Bergerac. Rostand's romantic plays contrasted with the naturalistic theatre popular during the late nineteenth century. Another of Rostand's works, Les Romanesques (1894), was adapted to the 1960 musical comedy The Fantasticks.
Single-crossing condition
In monotone comparative statics, the single-crossing condition or single-crossing property refers to a condition where the relationship between two or more functions is such that they will only cross once. For example, a mean-preserving spread will result in an altered probability distribution whose cumulative distribution function will intersect with the original's only once.

The single-crossing condition was posited in Samuel Karlin's 1968 monograph 'Total Positivity'. It was later used by Peter Diamond, Joseph Stiglitz, and Susan Athey, in studying the economics of uncertainty.

The single-crossing condition is also used in applications where there are a few agents or types of agents that have preferences over an ordered set. Such situations appear often in information economics, contract theory, social choice and political economics, among other fields.

Cumulative distribution function
In probability theory and statistics, the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of a real-valued random variable , or just distribution function of , evaluated at , is the probability that  will take a value less than or equal to .

Every probability distribution supported on the real numbers, discrete or "mixed" as well as continuous, is uniquely identified by a right-continuous monotone increasing function (a càdlàg function)  satisfying  and .

In the case of a scalar continuous distribution, it gives the area under the probability density function from negative infinity to . Cumulative distribution functions are also used to specify the distribution of multivariate random variables.
JJ Halo
JJ Halo is a series of four children's literature spy fiction chapter books written by Australian child author Juliette Davies. The first book in the series was written when Davies was only eight years old. The books chronicle the adventures of a young spy, her friends, parents and pets. While the main protagonist shares the same name as the author, the account is not autobiographical but rather the relationship takes the form of an alter ego.

The first two books were initially non-commercially self-published, but were subsequently picked up by a third-party commercial publishing house. All four books are now commercially published and available both online and through physical bookshops.

The books are of "Kids-for-Kids" (K4K) genre—books written by kids, for kids.

Chapter book
A chapter book is a story book intended for intermediate readers, generally age 7–10.  Unlike picture books for beginning readers, a chapter book tells the story primarily through prose rather than pictures.  Unlike books for advanced readers, chapter books contain plentiful illustrations.  The name refers to the fact that the stories are usually divided into short chapters, which provide readers with opportunities to stop and resume reading if their attention spans are not long enough to finish the book in one sitting.  Chapter books are usually works of fiction of moderate length and complexity.
Piasecki VZ-8 Airgeep
The Piasecki VZ-8 Airgeep (company designation PA-59) was a prototype vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) aircraft developed by Piasecki Aircraft. The Airgeep was developed to fulfill a U.S. Army Transportation Research Command contract for a flying jeep in 1957. The flying jeep was envisioned to be smaller and easier to fly than a helicopter.

Piasecki Aircraft
The Piasecki Aircraft Corporation (PiAC) is a manufacturer of aircraft, principally advanced rotorcraft. It was founded by American vertical flight pioneer Frank Piasecki to develop compound helicopters and other advanced rotorcraft after he was ousted from the leadership of his first company, Piasecki Helicopter.
Ed Cash
Edmond Martin Cash (born August 6, 1971) is an American record producer, songwriter, audio engineer, and multi-instrumentalist. He has produced or written for artists including Steven Curtis Chapman, Dolly Parton, and Chris Tomlin.

From 2004 to 2007, Cash was named Producer of the Year at each GMA Dove Awards. He has won a Grammy Award from six nominations.

GMA Dove Award
A Dove Award is an accolade by the Gospel Music Association (GMA) of the United States to recognize outstanding achievement in the Christian music industry. The awards ceremonies presented annually and have been held in Nashville, Tennessee except in 2011 and 2012 when they were held in Atlanta, Georgia. The ceremonies feature live musical performances and are broadcast on TBN.

The awards were established in 1969 and represent a variety of musical styles including rock, pop, hip hop, country, and urban.
Bobby Beattie
Robert Beattie (24 January 1916 – 21 September 2002) was a Scottish footballer, who played for Kilwinning Rangers, Kilmarnock, Preston North End and Wigan Athletic. He made one appearance for Scotland in 1938.

Beattie started his senior career with Kilmarnock and scored 43 goals in 120 Scottish Football League appearances for the club. He was sold to Preston North End in October 1937 for £2,500. He joined a club which already had several Scottish players, including Andy Beattie and Bill Shankly. During his first season with the club, Beattie was part of the team that won the 1938 FA Cup Final. Competitive football stopped due to the Second World War, but Beattie continued to play for Preston when the Football League resumed in 1946–47 and did not leave the club until 1953. He made a total of 264 appearances in the Football League, scoring 49 goals. He finished his career with Wigan Athletic, appearing 19 times in the Lancashire Combination and scoring five times.

Kilwinning Rangers F.C.
Kilwinning Rangers Football Club are a Scottish football club based in the town of Kilwinning, Ayrshire.  Formed in 1899, the club competes in the West of Scotland Football League, and are eligible to participate in the Scottish Cup. Nicknamed The Buffs, they play in blue and white hoops. Home matches are played at Buffs Park, within Kilwinning Sports Club, where the club moved prior to the 2019–20 season having spent 90 years at Abbey Park.
Barris (surname)
Barris is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alex Barris (1922–2004), American-born Canadian television actor and writer

Chuck Barris (1929–2017), American game show producer and presenter

George Barris, several people

Harry Barris (1905–1962), American singer

Kenya Barris (born 1973), American film and television writer, producer, director, and actor

Macarena Gomez-Barris, Chilean interdisciplinary scholar, writer, and academic

Marti Barris (1937–1995), American actress and singer

Peter Barris, American businessman and venture capitalist

Ted Barris (born 1949), Canadian writer and broadcaster

Tomás Barris (1930–2023), Spanish middle-distance runner

Harry Barris
Harry Barris (November 24, 1905 – December 13, 1962) was an American popular singer and songwriter. He was one of the earliest singers to use "scat singing" in recordings. Barris, one of Paul Whiteman's Rhythm Boys, along with Bing Crosby and Al Rinker, scatted on several songs, including "Mississippi Mud," which Barris wrote in 1927.
Thiocolchicoside
Thiocolchicoside (Muscoril, Myoril, Neoflax) is a  semi-synthetic derivative of colchicine, used as muscle relaxant with anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. Its mechanism of action is unknown, but it is believed to act via antagonism of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAchRs). However, it also appears to be a competitive antagonist of GABAA and glycine receptors. As such, it has powerful convulsant activity and should not be used in seizure-prone individuals.

Anti-inflammatory
Anti-inflammatory refers to any drug, substance or mechanism that reduces inflammation by lessening the redness, swelling, fever, or pain and loss of function which are part of bodies inflammatory response. Anti-inflammatory drugs are agents that inhibit action or production of inflammatory mediators such as cytokines, histamines and prostaglandins. These drugs reduce pain by inhibiting mechanisms of inflammation, as opposed to opioids, which affect the central nervous system to block pain.

Common anti-inflammatory drugs include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, antileukotrienes, and monoclonal antibodies.
Pristimantis koki
Pristimantis koki, the Guyanan black-rumped landfrog, is a species of frog in the family family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to the Guiana Highlands of west-central Guyana, where it is currently known only from the Wokomung Massif in the Potaro-Siparuni district. The species was formally described in 2023 and is a member of the Pristimantis unistrigatus species group.

Strabomantidae
The Strabomantidae, sometimes called cloud forest landfrogs, are a family of frogs native to South America. These frogs lack a free-living larval stage and hatch directly into miniature "froglets". This family includes Pristimantis, the most speciose genus of any vertebrate. Based on molecular dating, the Holoadeninae in particular appears to have originated in the Eocene. The Oligocene-Miocene transition was also found to be important to their biogeographical history. However, the lack of Holoadeninae fossils and limited nucleotide data ambiguates the results, by the authors' admission.
2017 Gerry Weber Open – Doubles
Raven Klaasen and Rajeev Ram were the two-time defending champions, but lost to Alexander and Mischa Zverev in the semifinals.

Łukasz Kubot and Marcelo Melo won the title, defeating the Zverev brothers in the final, 5–7, 6–3, [10–8].

Mischa Zverev
Mikhail "Mischa" Alexandrovich Zverev (born 22 August 1987) is a German retired professional tennis player. He achieved a career-high singles ranking of world No. 25 on 24 July 2017.

At the 2017 Australian Open, Zverev defeated world No. 1 Andy Murray in four sets before losing in the quarterfinals to eventual champion Roger Federer. As a qualifier, he has also reached the quarterfinals of both the 2009 Italian Open and the 2016 Shanghai Masters. He is the brother of former world No. 2, 2021 Olympic gold medallist, and two-time ATP Finals champion Alexander Zverev.
15 Percent Pledge
The 15 Percent Pledge is a US-based non-profit organization that encourages retailers to pledge at least 15 percent of their shelf-space to Black-owned businesses. The foundation conducts audits, shares its database of Black-owned businesses, and offers business development strategies to participating companies. It was established in 2020 by Aurora James after she created the 15 Percent Pledge initiative on Instagram, following the murder of George Floyd.

Whole Foods Market
Whole Foods Market, Inc. (colloquially referred to as simply Whole Foods) is an American multinational supermarket chain headquartered in Austin, Texas, owned wholly by Amazon, and which generally sells whole food products free from hydrogenated fats and artificial colors, flavors, and preservatives. A USDA Certified Organic grocer in the United States, the chain is popularly known for its organic selections.

John Mackey, the last remaining co-founder of Whole Foods Market, sold the company to Amazon for $13.7 billion on August 28, 2017. As of March 4, 2019, Whole Foods has more than 500 stores in North America and six in the United Kingdom.
Kunisch
Kunisch is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Georg Kunisch (1893–1936), German swimmer

Helmut Kunisch (1936–2021), Swiss long-distance runner

Johannes Kunisch (1937–2015), German historian

Karl Kunisch (born 1952), Austrian mathematician

Kornelia Kunisch (born 1959), East German handball player

Kornelia Kunisch
Kornelia Kunisch (née Elbe, born 17 October 1959 in Lübben, East Germany) is a former East German handball player who won the 1978 World Championship. She also competed in the 1980 Summer Olympics, where she won bronze medals.
Pottsboro, Texas
Pottsboro is a town in Grayson County, Texas, United States. Its population was 2,488 at the 2020 census, up from 2,160 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Sherman–Denison metropolitan statistical area.

Denison, Texas
Denison is a city in Grayson County, Texas, United States, 1 mile (1.6 km) south of the Texas–Oklahoma border. Its population was 24,479 at the 2020 census, up from 22,682 at the 2010 census. Denison is part of the Texoma region and is one of two principal cities in the Sherman–Denison metropolitan statistical area. It is the birthplace of 34th U.S. president Dwight D. Eisenhower.
Tim Witherspoon vs. James Smith II
The second fight between Tim Witherspoon and James "Bonecrusher" Smith was contested on December 12, 1986. The bout took place at Madison Square Garden in New York City and was contested for Witherspoon's WBA heavyweight championship. It was Witherspoon’s second defence of the championship he had won from Tony Tubbs in January 1986.

Tim Witherspoon
Tim Witherspoon (born December 27, 1957) is an American former professional boxer who competed from 1979 to 2003. He was a two-time world heavyweight champion, having held the WBC title in 1984, and the WBA title in 1986. He beat heavyweight world champions Greg Page, James Smith, Tony Tubbs, Frank Bruno and cruiserweight world champions Alfonzo Ratliff and Al Cole. He is best known for his fight against undefeated heavyweight world champion Larry Holmes in which he lost by split decision. Witherspoon also worked as a regular sparring partner for Muhammad Ali.
Ilig Khan Nasr
Ilig Khan Nasr, also Ilig Khan or Ilak Khan (died 1012–1013), was a ruler of the Kara-Khanids. He was a son of Ali Arslan Khan.

Ilig Khan conquered Bukhara from the Samanids in 999, bringing an end to that rival dynasty. He then reached an agreement with Mahmud of Ghazni, in which they agreed to partition former Samanid territory along the Oxus river. With this agreement, the north-eastern lands of Islam came under the power of two Turkish Empires, the Kara-Khanids and the Ghaznavids, paving the way for Turkish immigration from Inner Central Asia. He died in 1012-1013 and was succeeded by his brother Ahmad Tughan Khan.

Bukhara
Bukhara (/bʊˈxɑːrə/ buu-KHAR-ə) is the seventh-largest city in Uzbekistan by population, with 280,187 residents as of 1 January 2020. It is the capital of Bukhara Region.

The Bukhara region has been inhabited for at least five millennia, and the city has existed for half that time. Located on the Silk Road, the city has long served as a center of trade, scholarship, culture, and religion. Bukhara served as the capital of the Uzbek states such as the Khanate of Bukhara, the Emirate of Bukhara and later the Bukhara People’s Soviet Republic. It was the birthplace of the scholar Imam Bukhari. The city has been known as "Noble Bukhara" (Bukhārā-ye sharīf). Bukhara has about 140 architectural monuments. UNESCO has listed the historic center of Bukhara (which contains numerous mosques and madrasas) as a World Heritage Site.
Armin Kremer
Armin Kremer (born 4 December 1968, Crivitz, East Germany) is a German rally driver who is currently competing in the World Rally Championship in the WRC-2 class. He began rallying in the WRC at the 1995 Rally de Portugal and has entered various rallies since. He won the European Rally Championship in 2001 driving a Toyota Corolla WRC and the Asia-Pacific Rally Championship in 2003 in a Mitsubishi Lancer Evo VII.

In 2017, at age 48, Kremer was the oldest driver to compete in a 2017 World Rally Car at Rallye Deutschland.

Toyota Corolla WRC
The Toyota Corolla WRC is a World Rally Car built for the Toyota Castrol Team by Toyota Motorsport GmbH to compete in the World Rally Championship. It is based upon the E110 version of Toyota Corolla road car. The car was debuted at the 1997 Rally Finland, and replaced the Toyota Celica Turbo ST205. It won a total of four rally victories and the 1999 World Manufacturers' title.
Ratan Raajputh
Ratan Raajputh, is an Indian television actress and blogger known for her portrayal of Laali in Agle Janam Mohe Bitiya Hi Kijo on Zee TV. Later, she went on to play Amba in Mahabharat & Santoshi in Santoshi Maa.

Amba (Mahabharata)
Amba (Sanskrit: अम्बा, romanized: Ambā) is a character in the Hindu epic Mahabharata. She is the eldest and most beautiful daughter of Kashya, the King of Kashi, and the sister of Ambika and Ambalika.

Amba, along with her sisters, were abducted by Bhishma during their svayamvara ceremony, as brides to marry Vichitravirya, the King of Hastinapura. Before the wedding ceremony, the princess approaches Bhishma, and informs him of her love for King Salva, upon which she is allowed to go to the latter and urge him to accept her as his wife. To her dismay, Salva rejects her, regarding her to have been customarily accepted by Bhishma as his wife. Despite her efforts, as well as those of Parashurama, Bhishma refuses to marry her. Amba holds Bhishma responsible for her misfortune, undertaking a penance, and is granted a boon by Shiva. She is reborn as Shikhandi, the child of King Drupada, and the sibling of the epic's female protagonist, Draupadi.
Solar power in Washington (state)
As of the first quarter of 2023, Washington State has 604 MW of solar power electricity generation. This is an increase from about 300 MW in 2021 and 27 MW in 2013.

Washington pays a feed-in tariff of up to $5,000/year of 15 cents/kWh, which is increased by a factor of 2.4 if the panels are made in the state and by an additional 1.2 if the inverters are made in state.

Feed-in tariff
A feed-in tariff (FIT, FiT, standard offer contract, advanced renewable tariff, or renewable energy payments) is a policy mechanism designed to accelerate investment in renewable energy technologies by offering long-term contracts to renewable energy producers. This means promising renewable energy producers an above-market price and providing price certainty and long-term contracts that help finance renewable energy investments. Typically, FITs award different prices to different sources of renewable energy in order to encourage the development of one technology over another. For example, technologies such as wind power and solar PV are awarded a higher price per kWh than tidal power. FITs often include a "digression": a gradual decrease of the price or tariff in order to follow: 25  and encourage technological cost reductions.: 100
Georgi Orlov
Georgi Ivanovich Orlov (Russian: Гео́ргий Ива́нович Орло́в; 28 April 1884, Saint Petersburg – 15 October 1941, Sevurallag, Sosva, Sverdlovsk Oblast) was a Russian-Estonian physician and politician who was a member of the Riigikogu from 1938 to 1940.

Sverdlovsk Oblast
Sverdlovsk Oblast (Russian: Свердловская область, romanized: Sverdlovskaya oblast, [ʹsvʲɪrdˈlofskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia located in the Ural Federal District. Its administrative center is the city of Yekaterinburg, formerly known as "Sverdlovsk". Its population is 4,268,998 (according to the 2021 Census).
Ulster Project
The Ulster Project was started in 1975 by Stephen Kent Jacobson of the US Episcopal Church and Kerry Waterstone, a Church of Ireland priest in Tullamore, County Offaly, Republic of Ireland, in order to provide a safe place in the United States for teenagers from Northern Ireland to discuss the climate of "The Troubles" that were facing them at home. Its original success in Connecticut led rapidly to other member cities across the United States.

County Offaly
County Offaly (/ˈɒfəli/; Irish: Contae Uíbh Fhailí) is a county in Ireland. It is part of the Eastern and Midland Region and the province of Leinster. It is named after the ancient Kingdom of Uí Failghe. It was formerly known as King's County, in honour of Philip II of Spain. Offaly County Council is the local authority for the county. The county population was 82,668 at the 2022 census.
Newry (District Electoral Area)
Newry is one of the seven district electoral areas (DEA) in Newry, Mourne and Down, Northern Ireland. The district elects six members to Newry, Mourne and Down District Council and contains the wards of Abbey, Ballybot, Damolly, Drumalane, Fathom and St. Patrick's. Newry forms part of the Newry and Armagh constituencies for the Northern Ireland Assembly and UK Parliament.

It was created for the 1985 local elections, where it was called Newry Town until 2014, replacing Newry and Mourne Areas D and F which had existed since 1973, and originally contained seven wards (Ballybot, Daisy Hill, Drumalane, Drumgallion, St. Mary's, St. Patrick's and Windsor Hill). For the 2014 local elections it was reduced by one ward.

Newry and Armagh (Assembly constituency)
54°12′40″N 6°29′56″W﻿ / ﻿54.211°N 6.499°W﻿ / 54.211; -6.499

Newry and Armagh is a constituency in the Northern Ireland Assembly.

The seat was first used for a Northern Ireland-only election for the Northern Ireland Forum in 1996. Since 1998, it has elected members to the current Assembly.

For Assembly elections prior to 1996, the constituency was part of the Armagh and South Down constituencies. Since 1997, it has shared boundaries with the Newry and Armagh UK Parliament constituency.

For further details of the history and boundaries of the constituency, see Newry and Armagh (UK Parliament constituency).
La Salle Academy (Rhode Island)
La Salle Academy is a private Roman Catholic college preparatory school run by the Institute of the Brothers of the Christian Schools in Providence, Rhode Island. It was founded by the Christian Brothers in 1871. the Academy currently enrolls 1,478 students in the sixth through twelfth grades, with the majority of students coming from the Providence metropolitan area.

Providence metropolitan area
The Providence metropolitan area (Providence MSA) is a region extending into eight counties in two states. Its core is in the states of Rhode Island and Massachusetts; its largest city is Providence, Rhode Island. With an estimated population of 1,622,520, exceeding that of Rhode Island by slightly over 60%, the Providence MSA is the 38th largest metropolitan area in the United States. The MSA covers all of Rhode Island and Bristol County,  Massachusetts, with an average population density of 2300 per mi2 (888 per km2).

The region's Gross Metropolitan Product is the country's 42nd largest at $64.7 billion, just above the Gross State Product of the entire state of Hawaii. Since 2006, the Providence metropolitan area has been officially included in the Greater Boston Combined Statistical Area (CSA), the sixth-largest CSA in the country, with over eight million residents.