hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William Magenis
William Magenis (c. 1770 – 22 January 1825) was an Anglo-Irish priest who served as Dean of Kilmore from 1801 until his death at age 54.

Magenis, also spelt Magennis, was the second of two sons of Richard Magenis, MP in the Parliament of Ireland, and Elizabeth Berkeley, daughter of Col. William Berkeley and niece of George Berkeley, Bishop of Cloyne. His elder brother was Richard Magenis, MP for Enniskillen, who was the father of diplomat Sir Arthur Magenis.

There is a memorial to him in Kilmore Cathedral.

Bishop of Cloyne
The Bishop of Cloyne is an episcopal title that takes its name after the small town of Cloyne in County Cork, Ireland. In the Roman Catholic Church, it is a separate title; but, in the Church of Ireland, it has been united with other bishoprics.
Commil USA, LLC v. Cisco Systems, Inc.
Commil USA, LLC v. Cisco Systems, Inc., 135 S.Ct. 1920 (2015), was a 2015 decision by the United States Supreme Court pertaining to the standard for induced patent infringement.  Writing for a 6-2 majority, Justice Anthony Kennedy held that (1) a claim of induced infringement requires a showing that the defendant knew that it is engaging in infringing conduct and (2) a defendant's belief that a patent is invalid is not a defense to a claim of induced infringement.  Justice Antonin Scalia dissented from the second point, arguing that, in his view, a good faith belief in a patent's invalidity should constitute a defense to a charge of induced infringement.

Patentability
Within the context of a national or multilateral body of law, an invention is patentable if it meets the relevant legal conditions to be granted a patent. By extension, patentability also refers to the substantive conditions that must be met for a patent to be held valid.
National Register of Historic Places listings in Trinity County, Texas
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Trinity County, Texas.

This is intended to be a complete list of properties listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Trinity County, Texas. There are four properties listed on the National Register in the county. Two properties are designated Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks including one that is also a State Antiquities Landmark.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted March 21, 2025.

Recorded Texas Historic Landmark
Recorded Texas Historic Landmark (RTHL) is a designation awarded by the Texas Historical Commission for historically and architecturally significant properties in the U.S. state of Texas. RTHL is a legal designation and the highest honor the state can bestow on a historic structure. Purchase and display of a historical marker is a required component of the RTHL designation process. Because it is a legal designation, owners of RTHL-designated structures must give 60 days' notice before any alterations are made to the exterior of the structure. Changes that are unsympathetic may result in removal of the designation and historical marker. More than 3,600 RTHL structures are spread throughout the state.
Tharika Sewwandi
Tharika Sewwandi (born 18 July 2000) is a Sri Lankan cricketer. In January 2019, she was named in Sri Lanka's squad for their series against South Africa. She made her Women's One Day International cricket (WODI) debut against South Africa Women on 17 February 2019.

She was part of Sri Lanka's squad for the women's cricket tournament at the 2019 South Asian Games that won the silver medal, after losing to Bangladesh by two runs in the final.

In October 2021, she was named in Sri Lanka's team for the 2021 Women's Cricket World Cup Qualifier tournament in Zimbabwe. In January 2022, she was named in Sri Lanka's team for the 2022 Commonwealth Games Cricket Qualifier tournament in Malaysia. She made her Women's Twenty20 International cricket (WT20I) debut for Sri Lanka against Kenya Women on 20 January 2022.

2022 Commonwealth Games Cricket Qualifier
The 2022 Commonwealth Games Qualifier was a cricket tournament played in Malaysia in January 2022. Five national teams competed for one place in the cricket tournament at the 2022 Commonwealth Games, in Birmingham, England, from July to August 2022. Matches in the qualification tournament were played as Women's Twenty20 Internationals (WT20Is).

In November 2020, the ICC announced the qualification process for the 2022 Commonwealth Games tournament. England automatically qualified as the hosts, and were joined by the six highest ranked sides as of 1 April 2021. The final place was decided by the Commonwealth Games Qualifier tournament.

Sri Lanka and Bangladesh both won their first three matches to set up a winner-takes-all contest on the last day of the event. Sri Lanka defeated Bangladesh by 22 runs to claim a place at the Commonwealth Games tournament. Sri Lankan captain Chamari Athapaththu was named as player of the series.
Beytullah Eroğlu
Beytullah Eroğlu (born 25 September 1995) is a Turkish Paralympic swimmer. He competes in the disability category of S5 in freestyle, butterfly and backstroke, specializing in sprint events. He competed in the 2012 and 2016 Summer Paralympics, at four World Para Swimming Championships and two IPC Swimming European Championships. At the 2017 World Championships, he won his country's first ever gold medal in Paralympic swimming.

World Para Swimming Championships
The World Para Swimming Championships, known also as the IPC Swimming World Championships, are the world championships for swimming where athletes with a disability compete. They are organised by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC). Previously on a four-year rotation, the championships are now held biennially, a year after the regional championships and year prior to the Paralympic Games.

In November 2016, the IPC (which serves as the international federation for 10 disability sports, including swimming) adopted the "World Para" brand for all 10 sports. The world championship events in all of these sports were rebranded as "World Para" championships.
Jehangir Choudhary
Jehangir Choudhary is an Indian cinematographer who works predominantly in Hindi-language films. He received the National Film Award for Best Cinematography for his work on Holi in 1984.

He has collaborated on multiple projects with directors such as Shyam Benegal (Yatra TV series), Ketan Mehta (Holi, Mirch Masala, Hero Hiralal), and actor/filmmaker Kamal Haasan (Chachi 420).

He has also  worked with noted filmmakers, including Lekh Tandon, Kundan Shah, Jeffrey D. Brown, and Chandan Arora.

Jehangir teaches cinematography at various film institutes in the country.

Jehangir is an alumnus of the Film and Television Institute of India (FTII).

Mirch Masala
Mirch Masala (Translation: Hot Spice) is a 1987 Hindi psychological thriller film directed by Ketan Mehta. It stars Naseeruddin Shah and Smita Patil in the lead roles. On the centenary of Indian cinema in April 2013, Forbes included Smita Patil's performance in the film on its list, "25 Greatest Acting Performances of Indian Cinema".
Hof van Busleyden
Hof van Busleyden (English: Court of Busleyden; Spanish: Palacio van Busleyden), also called the Busleyden Palace, is a palace in the municipality of Mechelen in the province of Antwerp in the Flemish Region of Belgium.

Antwerp Province
The Antwerp Province (/ˈæntwɜːrp/; Dutch: Provincie Antwerpen [proːˈvɪnsi ˈɑntʋɛrpə(n)]; French: Province d'Anvers; German: Provinz Antwerpen), between 1815 and 1830 known as Central Brabant (Dutch: Midden-Brabant [ˌmɪdə(m)ˈbraːbɑnt], French: Brabant-Central, German: Mittel-Brabant), is the northernmost province both of the Flemish Region, also called Flanders, and of Belgium. It borders on the North Brabant province of the Netherlands to the north and the Belgian provinces of Limburg, Flemish Brabant and East Flanders. Its capital is Antwerp, which includes the Port of Antwerp, the second-largest seaport in Europe. It has an area of 2,876 km2 (1,110 sq mi), and with over 1.92 million inhabitants as of January 2024, is the country's most populous province. The province consists of three arrondissements: Antwerp, Mechelen and Turnhout. The eastern part of the province comprises the main part of the Campine region.
Caramel
Caramel (/ˈkærəˌmɛl/, /ˈkærəməl/ or (US) /ˈkɑːrməl/) is a range of food ingredients made by heating sugars to high temperatures. It is used as a flavoring in puddings and desserts, as a filling in bonbons or candy bars, as a topping for ice cream and custard, and as a colorant commonly used in drinks.

The process of caramelization primarily consists of heating sugars slowly to around 170 °C (340 °F). As the sugar heats, the molecules break down and re-form into compounds with a characteristic colour and flavour.

A variety of sweets, desserts, toppings, and confections are made with caramel, including tres leches cake, brittles, nougats, pralines, flan, crème brûlée, crème caramel, and caramel apples. Ice creams are sometimes flavored with or contain swirls of caramel.

Custard
Custard is a variety of culinary preparations based on sweetened milk, cheese, or cream cooked with egg or egg yolk to thicken it, and sometimes also flour, corn starch, or gelatin. Depending on the recipe, custard may vary in consistency from a thin pouring sauce (crème anglaise) to the thick pastry cream (crème pâtissière) used to fill éclairs. The most common custards are used in custard desserts or dessert sauces and typically include sugar and vanilla; however, savory custards are also found, e.g., in quiche.
Clostridium septicum
Clostridium septicum  is a gram positive, spore forming, obligate anaerobic bacterium.

Clostridium septicum can cause gas gangrene, but unlike other Clostridium species like Clostridium perfringens, no trauma is necessary at the site of the infection.  It is thought that the infection is established by hematogenous spread from the gastrointestinal tract.  Gas gangrene caused by Clostridium septicum is associated with colorectal cancer and other defects of the bowel.

Clostridium septicum causes myonecrosis through the release of exotoxins such as the alpha toxin, lethal toxin, and hemolytic toxin

Septic abortion
Septic abortion describes any type of abortion (intentional termination or miscarriage), due to an upper genital tract bacterial infection including the inflammation of the endometrium during or after 20 weeks of gestation. The genital tract during this period is particularly vulnerable to infection, and sepsis in most cases is caused by a combination of factors both due to facility conditions and/or individual predispositions. The infection often starts in the placenta and fetus, with a potential complication of also affecting the uterus, that can result in sepsis spreading to surrounding organs, or pelvic infections.
Tore Olaf Rimmereid
Tore Olaf Rimmereid (born 1962) is a Norwegian businessperson.

He has the siv.øk. degree from the Norwegian School of Economics and Business Administration. From 1988 to 1990 he was an adviser for the Conservative Party parliamentary group. In 1990 he was a private adviser for trade and shipping affairs in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. He lost his job when Syse's Cabinet fell later in 1990. He also worked for Sparebank 1 and Kreditkassen. In 2002 he was hired as CFO of the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation. In 2009 he was hired as CEO of E-CO Energi. He succeeded acting CEO Odd Øygarden.

He has been a board member of Hafslund. In E-CO Energi he was a board member for ten years, from 2006 to 2009 as chairman. He is since 2008 a board member of DnB NOR, and is also chairman of E-CO Vannkraft. He has also been chairman of Medinnova and RiksTV.

DNB Bank
DNB Bank ASA (formerly DnB NOR ASA) is Norway's largest financial services group, with total combined assets of more than NOK 3.6 trillion and a market capitalisation NOK 400 billion as of 2024. DNB's head office is located in Oslo.

The two largest owners of DNB are the Royal Norwegian Ministry of Trade, Industry and Fisheries (34.0%) and Sparebankstiftelsen DNB (10.0%). The latter was created as a foundation with the sole purpose of owning a part of the company. It was created when Gjensidige NOR was made a public limited company to ensure that the company's customers retained partial ownership of the company. The foundation can also give up to 25% of its received dividend as gifts to charity.
Saint Michael the Archangel Church (Monroe, Michigan)
Saint Michael the Archangel Church (St. Michael Church) is located on the west side of the city of Monroe, Michigan, along the River Raisin and is a part of the Archdiocese of Detroit. Its congregants include over 1,000 registered families. It was founded in 1852. Its current pastor is Rev. Kishore Battu, who has been serving the St. Michael community since August 1, 2020.

River Raisin
The River Raisin (Ottawa: Nummasepee, 'River of Sturgeon') is a 135-mile-long (217 km) river in southeast Michigan, United States, that flows in a generally easterly direction through glacial sediments before emptying into Lake Erie. The River Raisin drainage basin covers approximately 1,072 square miles (2,780 km2) in the Michigan counties of Monroe, Lenawee, Washtenaw, Jackson, and Hillsdale, along with Fulton County in northwest Ohio.

Today, the land within its bounds is primarily used for agriculture, and light industry. Historically, the river served as a canoe transportation route for various Native American tribes, and for French Canadian Voyageurs. The river's English name comes from the French Rivière aux Raisins (translated as "River of Grapes"), in reference to the wild grapes growing along its banks.
Aybak, Samangan
Aybak or Aibak (Pashto, Dari: ایبک), known in ancient times as Eukratidia (Ancient Greek: Εὐκρατιδία), is a city in northern Afghanistan, serving as the capital of Samangan Province. It is within the jurisdiction of Aybak District and has an estimated population of 130,409 people.

As an ancient town and major Buddhist center during the 4th and 5th centuries under the then Kushan rulers, it has the ruins of that period at a place known now as Takht-e Rostam, which is located on a hill above the town.

Due to its location, Aibak has been influenced by Persian, Buddhist, Islamic and Turkic peoples. In the past, it was significant because of its position on the main line of communication between Kabul and Afghan Turkestan.

Hazar Sumuch District
Hazar Sumuch District is a district of Takhar Province, Afghanistan. The district was split-off from Taluqan District. Most people in the district work in agriculture. In late 2018, Hazar Sumuch was considered to be government influenced as opposed to the Taliban.
Equestrian at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Individual jumping
The individual show jumping event at the 2020 Summer Olympics is scheduled to take place on 3–4 August 2021 at the Baji Koen. Like all other equestrian events, the jumping competition is mixed gender, with both male and female athletes competing in the same division. 75 riders from 35 nations are expected to compete.

Show jumping
Show jumping is a part of a group of English riding equestrian events that also includes eventing, hunters, and equitation. Jumping classes are commonly seen at horse shows throughout the world, including the Olympics. Sometimes shows are limited exclusively to jumpers. Sometimes jumper classes are offered in conjunction with other English-style events. Sometimes, show jumping is but one division of a very large, all-breed competition that includes a very wide variety of disciplines. Jumping classes may be governed by various national horse show sanctioning organizations, such as the United States Equestrian Federation or the British Showjumping Association.  International competitions are governed by the rules of the International Federation for Equestrian Sports.
Lift (mathematics)
In category theory, a branch of mathematics, given a morphism f: X → Y and a morphism g: Z → Y, a lift or lifting of f to Z is a morphism h: X → Z such that f = g ∘ h (in terms of the composition operator). We say that f factors through h.

Lifts are ubiquitous; for example, the definition of fibrations (see Homotopy lifting property) and the valuative criteria of separated and proper maps of schemes are formulated in terms of existence and (in the last case) uniqueness of certain lifts.

In algebraic topology and homological algebra, tensor product and the Hom functor are adjoint; however, they might not always lift to an exact sequence. This leads to the definition of the Tor functor and the Ext functor.

Hom functor
In mathematics, specifically in category theory, hom-sets (i.e. sets of morphisms between objects) give rise to important functors to the category of sets. These functors are called hom-functors and have numerous applications in category theory and other branches of mathematics.
2022 Ladies Open Hechingen – Doubles
Cristina Dinu and Lina Gjorcheska were the defending champions but chose not to participate.

Irina Khromacheva and Diana Shnaider won the title, defeating Tamara Čurović and Chiara Scholl in the final, 6–2, 6–3.

Chiara Scholl
Chiara "Chichi" Scholl (born July 5, 1992) is an American tennis player.

Scholl has won 11 singles and 25 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit. On 17 October 2011, she reached her best singles ranking of world No. 164. On 13 August 2018, she peaked at No. 187 in the WTA doubles rankings.
Yayladalı, Gerger
Yayladalı (Kurdish: Gîvdîş) is a village in the Gerger District, Adıyaman Province, Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Mirdêsan tribe and had a population of 309 in 2021.

The hamlets of Kemerli, Oyalı and Soğanlı are attached to the village.

Adıyaman Province
Adıyaman Province is a province in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. The capital is Adıyaman. Its area is 7,337 km2, and its population is 635,169 (2022). The province is considered part of Turkish Kurdistan and has a Kurdish majority.

Adıyaman Province was part of the Malatya Province until 1954, when it was made into a province as a reward for voting for the winning Democratic Party in the 1954 general election.
Chan Kok Heng
Chan Kok Heng (born 21 April 1968) is a former Malaysian footballer who primarily associated as a defender with Perak FA. He was the longest serving player after playing for more than ten seasons. He retired from professional football in 2004.

He played and selected by Perak FA since the semi-pro era in 1988, and retired from the squad in year 2004 after played 16 season for Perak. During his time with Perak, he won Malaysia FA Cup, Malaysia Cup and Malaysia Premier League One titles. After retiring professionally, he played for PCRC (Perak Chinese Recreation Club) as a defender and played in Ipoh Premier League. His team won the second place at the end of season 2008.

Malaysia Cup
The Malaysia Cup (Malay: Piala Malaysia), formerly known as Malaya Cup, is an annual football tournament in Malaysia, held at the end of the calendar year. The cup was first held in 1921. Despite its prestige and popularity as the country's oldest cup tournament, it does not guarantee a place in a continental competition, which is allocated to the Malaysia FA Cup winners. The competition was previously managed by the Football Association of Malaysia, before it was transferred to the Football Malaysia LLP (now known as the Malaysian Football League) in the 2016 season.

In the 2016 edition, the competition structure changed and only the top eleven teams of the Malaysia Super League and the top five teams of the Malaysia Premier League qualified for the cup.

The current title holder is Johor Darul Ta'zim, who won its fifth title in the 2024–25 edition.
FIOD
The FIOD is an agency of the government of the Netherlands responsible for investigating financial crimes. It is part of the Tax and Customs Administration, which itself falls under the responsibility of the Dutch Ministry of Finance.

Politics of the Netherlands
The Netherlands is a sovereign state with a parliamentary representative democracy. A constitutional monarchy, the country is organised as a decentralised unitary state. The Netherlands can be described as a consociational state. Dutch politics and governance are characterised by a common striving for broad consensus on important issues, within both of the political community and society as a whole.
Wang Yueren
Wang Yueren (Chinese: 王月人; pinyin: Wáng Yuèrén; born June 21, 1991, in Harbin, Heilongjiang) is a Chinese former competitive figure skater. She is the 2008 Chinese bronze medalist. She made her international debut at the 2007 Cup of China, where she placed 12th. At the 2008 Four Continents Championships, she was the highest placing Chinese lady.

2008 Four Continents Figure Skating Championships
The 2008 Four Continents Figure Skating Championships was an international figure skating competition in the 2007–08 season. It was held at the Seongsa Ice Rink in Goyang, South Korea on February 11–17. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing.
Medem (surname)
Medem is a surname. Notable people with that name include:

Christoph Johann von Medem (1763–1838), nobleman from Courland and courtier in the courts of Prussian kings

Dorothea von Medem (1761–1821), Countess, Duchess of Courland, popularly known as Dorothea of Courland

Friedrich Johann Graf von Medem (1912–1984), German-born zoologist who emigrated to Colombia, representative of the IUCN Crocodiles Specialist Group for South America

Julio Medem (born 1958), Spanish screenwriter and film director

Pavel Medem (1800–1854), Russian diplomat and privy councillor

Rudolph von Medem (1846–unknown), German-born soldier in the U.S. Army who served during the Indian Wars

Stephan Medem (born 1960), Swiss former professional tennis player

Vladimir Medem (1879–1923), Russian Jewish politician and ideologue of the Jewish Labour Bund, eponym of the Medem library

Pavel Medem
Count Pavel Ivanovich Medem (Russian: Па́вел Ива́нович Ме́дем; 9 January 1800, in Mitava, Courland Governorate – 10 January 1854, in Courland) was a Russian diplomat and privy councillor.

Medem held the post of Counsellor of the Embassy in Paris before becoming charge d'affaires in London from 1834 to 1835, envoy in Stuttgart and Darmstadt from 1840 to 1841, and envoy to Austria from 1848 to 1850.
Dravidogecko anamallensis
Dravidogecko anamallensis, also known as the Anamalay gecko, Anaimalai dravidogecko, or Anamalai Hill gecko, is a species of gecko found in the South Indian hills of Palni, Anamalai and Tirunelveli. It is assigned to the genus Dravidogecko, with a resurrection in 2019, as a study suggested molecular phylogenetics is to have had a separate origin from the other Hemidactylus species.

Tirunelveli district
Tirunelveli district is one of the 38 districts of Tamil Nadu state in India. It is the largest district in terms of area with Tirunelveli as its headquarters. The district was formed on 1 September 1790 by the British East India Company (on behalf of the British government) and comprised the present Tirunelveli and Thoothukudi, Tenkasi and parts of Virudhunagar and Ramanathapuram district. As of 2011, the undivided district (along with Tenkasi) had a population of 30,77,233.
North Lantau Hospital
North Lantau Hospital (Chinese: 北大嶼山醫院; Cantonese Yale: Bāk Daaihyùhsāan Yīyún) is a rural general hospital in central Tung Chung, on Lantau Island, Hong Kong. It was completed in late 2012 and began services on 24 September 2013. The hospital has a 24-hour accident and emergency service, and various outpatient services including the North Lantau Community Health Centre. This hospital belongs to Kowloon West Cluster of Hospital Authority.

Rural general hospital
A rural general hospital is a small hospital, similar to a district general hospital, but is specifically trained and staffed to provide healthcare services in remote and rural areas. The concept was pioneered by NHS Scotland.