hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fesoterodine
Fesoterodine (INN, used as the fumarate under the brand name Toviaz) is an antimuscarinic drug developed by Schwarz Pharma AG to treat overactive bladder syndrome (OAB). It was approved by the European Medicines Agency in April 2007, the US Food and Drug Administration on October 31, 2008  and Health Canada on February 9, 2012.

Fesoterodine is a prodrug. It is broken down into its active metabolite, desfesoterodine, by plasma esterases.

Fumaric acid
Fumaric acid or trans-butenedioic acid is an organic compound with the formula HO2CCH=CHCO2H. A white solid, fumaric acid occurs widely in nature.  It has a fruit-like taste and has been used as a food additive. Its E number is E297. The salts and esters are known as fumarates.  Fumarate can also refer to the C4H2O2−4 ion (in solution). Fumaric acid is the trans isomer of butenedioic acid, while maleic acid is the cis isomer.
The Best of Fredric Brown
The Best of Fredric Brown is a collection of science fiction short stories by American author Fredric Brown, edited by Robert Bloch. It was first published in hardback by Nelson Doubleday in January 1977 and in paperback by Ballantine Books in May of the same year as a volume in its Classic Library of Science Fiction. The book has been translated into German and Spanish.

Fredric Brown
Fredric Brown (October 29, 1906 – March 11, 1972) was an American science fiction, fantasy, and mystery writer. 
He is  known for his use of humor and for his mastery of the "short short" form—stories of one to three pages, often with ingenious plotting devices and surprise endings. Humor and a postmodern outlook carried over into his novels as well. One of his stories, "Arena", was adapted into a 1967 episode of the American television series Star Trek.
Trailing of the Sheep
Trailing of the Sheep is an annual October festival and parade in Sun Valley, Ketchum and Hailey, Idaho.  It is held each fall to move the flocks off the mountain to their winter grazing homes. It is similar to the Almabtrieb in Austria, and is intended as a celebration of the history and tradition of sheep husbandry in the Western United States.

Autumn
Autumn, also known as fall in North American English, is one of the four temperate seasons on Earth. Outside the tropics, autumn marks the transition from summer to winter, beginning in September (Northern Hemisphere) or March (Southern Hemisphere). Autumn is the season when the duration of daytime becomes noticeably shorter and the temperature cools considerably. Day length decreases and night length increases as the season progresses until the winter solstice in December (Northern Hemisphere) and June (Southern Hemisphere). One of its main features in temperate climates is the striking change in colour of the leaves of deciduous trees as they prepare to shed.
Unično
Unično (pronounced [uˈniːtʃnɔ]) is a small settlement in the hills north of Brdce in the Municipality of Hrastnik in central Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Central Sava Statistical Region.

Municipality of Hrastnik
The Municipality of Hrastnik (pronounced [ˈxɾaːstnik] ⓘ; Slovene: Občina Hrastnik) is a municipality in central Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Hrastnik. The area is part of the traditional Styria region. The entire municipality is now included in the Central Sava Statistical Region.

Located in the valley of a minor left bank tributary of the Sava River, the area is known for its rich deposits of coal. Coal mining began in the area in 1804. Surrounding peaks include Mount Kum (1220 m), Mount Mrzlica (1122 m), and Kopitnik Hill (910 m). The area around Kopitnik is protected as a nature reserve. Species such as the capercaillie and chamois run wild in the surrounding forests.
Kinnel Bridge
The Kinnel Bridge is a road bridge near the Scottish town of Templand, in the council area of Dumfries and Galloway. In 1971 the building was included in the Scottish monument lists in category B. The upgrade to the highest monument category A took place in 1988. Furthermore, the bridge together with the Todhillmuir Cottage forms a monument ensemble of category B.

Templand
Templand is a village in Dumfriesshire, Scotland, located around 4.5 miles (7.2 km) northwest of Lockerbie.

Templand was built during the Industrial Revolution, with the nearby Corncockle Quarry used for quarrying red sandstone to central Scotland and beyond. Stone from the quarry was used in the construction of the Kelvingrove Art Gallery and Museum in Glasgow and was quarried for the refurbishment of the gallery completed in 2006. At its height of activity up to the 1930s it had its own mineral line from what is now the West Coast Mainline and up to 6 trains per week of stone were moved to Glasgow, throughout Scotland.

Templand lies between the Corncockle woodland, a marsh, and the Kinnel Water. Geographically it is believed that the entire Templand area is on a massive slab of sandstone, due to the Annan river carrying sand down from the Moffat area.
Ford Arao
Claiford A. Arao (born October 29, 1984) is a Filipino professional basketball coach and former player. He was the fourteenth overall draft pick by Meralco in the 2010 PBA draft. He played for the Ateneo Blue Eagles during his collegiate career, in which he now serves as an assistant coach.

Ateneo Blue Eagles
The Ateneo Blue Eagles are the collegiate varsity teams of the Ateneo de Manila University that play in the University Athletic Association of the Philippines (UAAP), the premiere collegiate league in the Philippines. The Ateneo collegiate men's varsity basketball team was not always called the Blue Eagles. It got the name Blue Eagles when Ateneo adopted the Eagle as its mascot in 1938. Prior to that, from 1914 it was known under different names.

Ateneo has fifteen collegiate men's varsity teams that participate in fifteen sporting events of the University Athletic Association of the Philippines, its mother league.
Bobbie Bruce
Robert Frederick Bruce (29 January 1906 – 6 April 1978) was a Scottish footballer.

Born in Paisley, Bruce was an inside left who developed with the Glaswegian junior side St. Anthony's. He spent his senior career with Aberdeen (1924–1928), Middlesbrough F.C. (1928–1935), Sheffield Wednesday F.C. (1935–1936), and Ipswich Town F.C. (1936–1938). His last club was Mossley A.F.C., where he held the role of player-manager during the 1938–39 season. He played once for the Scotland national team, against Austria in 1933.

Mossley A.F.C.
Mossley Association Football Club is a football club in Mossley, Greater Manchester, England. Nicknamed the Lilywhites after the white shirts adopted in 1912, they are currently members of the Northern Premier League Division One West and play at Seel Park.
Sébastien Le Meaux
Sébastien Le Meaux (born 11 March 1976) is a retired French Paralympic judoka who competed at international judo competitions. He is a European champion and a two-time Paralympic medalist.

Le Meaux was diagnosed with Stargardt's disease when he was seventeen following a motorcycle accident; he was left with 5% visual acuity.

Stargardt disease
Stargardt disease is the most common inherited single-gene retinal disease. In terms of the first description of the disease, it follows an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern, which has been later linked to bi-allelic ABCA4 gene variants (STGD1).
However, there are Stargardt-like diseases with mimicking phenotypes that are referred to as STGD3 and STGD4, and have a autosomal dominant inheritance due to defects with ELOVL4 or PROM1 genes, respectively. It is characterized by macular degeneration that begins in childhood, adolescence or adulthood, resulting in progressive loss of vision.
Nils Helgheim
Nils Helgheim (14 June 1903 – 1 October 1982) was a Norwegian politician for the Centre Party.

He served as a deputy representative to the Norwegian Parliament from Sogn og Fjordane during the terms 1954–1957 and 1958–1961.

On the local level, he was a member of the municipal council for Jølster Municipality from 1933 to 1967, serving as mayor from 1952. In 1963 Helgheim became deputy county mayor (fylkesvaraordfører) of Sogn og Fjordane. In 1964, when illness struck the county mayor Ragnvald Terum Winjum, Helgheim moved up and assumed the post. Helgheim lost the post in 1967.

From 1952 to 1959 the farmer Helgheim was a member of the board of the Norwegian Agrarian Association. He served four years as deputy chairman.

Sogn og Fjordane (Storting constituency)
Sogn og Fjordane (lit. transl. Sogn and Fjordane) is one of the 19 multi-member constituencies of the Storting, the national legislature of Norway. The constituency was established in 1921 following the introduction of proportional representation for elections to the Storting. It consists of the municipalities of Årdal, Askvoll, Aurland, Bremanger, Fjaler, Gloppen, Gulen, Høyanger, Hyllestad, Kinn, Lærdal, Luster, Sogndal, Solund, Stad, Stryn, Sunnfjord and Vik in the county of Vestland. The constituency currently elects three of the 169 members of the Storting using the open party-list proportional representation electoral system. At the 2025 parliamentary election it had 79,086 registered electors.
ACSL4
Long-chain-fatty-acid—CoA ligase 4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ACSL4 gene.

The protein encoded by this gene is an isozyme of the long-chain fatty-acid-coenzyme A ligase family. Although differing in substrate specificity, subcellular localization, and tissue distribution, all isozymes of this family convert free long-chain fatty acids into fatty acyl-CoA esters, and thereby play a key role in lipid biosynthesis and fatty acid degradation. This isozyme preferentially utilizes arachidonate as substrate. The absence of this enzyme may contribute to the intellectual disability or Alport syndrome. Alternative splicing of this gene generates 2 transcript variants.

Fatty acid
In chemistry, particularly in biochemistry, a fatty acid is a carboxylic acid with an aliphatic chain, which is either saturated or unsaturated. Most naturally occurring fatty acids have an unbranched chain of an even number of carbon atoms, from 4 to 28. Fatty acids are a major component of the lipids (up to 70% by weight) in some species such as microalgae but in some other organisms are not found in their standalone form, but instead exist as three main classes of esters: triglycerides, phospholipids, and cholesteryl esters. In any of these forms, fatty acids are both important dietary sources of fuel for animals and important structural components for cells.
Modern Library's 100 Best Novels
Modern Library's 100 Best Novels is a 1998 list of the best English-language novels published during the 20th century, as selected by the American publishing imprint, Modern Library, from among 400 novels published by Random House, which owns Modern Library. The purpose of the list was to "bring the Modern Library to public attention" and stimulate sales of its books. A separate Modern Library 100 Best Nonfiction list of the 100 best non-fiction books of the 20th century was created the same year.

Imprint (trade name)
An imprint of a publisher is a trade name under which it publishes a work. A single publishing company may have multiple imprints, often using the different names as brands to market works to various demographic consumer segments.
Landesliga Hannover
The Landesliga Hannover, called the Bezirksoberliga Hannover from 1979 to 1994 and 2006 to 2010, is the sixth tier of the German football league system and the second highest league in the German state of Lower Saxony (German: Niedersachsen). It covers the region of the now defunct Regierungsbezirk Hanover.

It is one of four leagues at this level in Lower Saxony, the other three being the Landesliga Lüneburg, the Landesliga Weser-Ems and the Landesliga Braunschweig.

The term Landesliga can be translated as State league.

Regierungsbezirk
A Regierungsbezirk (German pronunciation: [ʁeˈɡiːʁʊŋsbəˌtsɪʁk] ⓘ, pl. Regierungsbezirke, German pronunciation: [ʁeˈɡiːʁʊŋsbəˌtsɪʁkə], lit. 'governmental district') is a type of administrative division in Germany. Currently, four of the sixteen Länder (states of Germany) are split into Regierungsbezirke, each in turn split into rural or urban districts.

Regierungsbezirke serve as regional mid-level local government units in four of Germany's sixteen states: Baden-Württemberg, Bavaria, Hesse and North Rhine-Westphalia. Each of the nineteen Regierungsbezirke features a non-legislative governing body called a Regierungspräsidium (governing presidium) or Bezirksregierung (district government) headed by a Regierungspräsident (governing president), concerned mostly with administrative decisions on a local level for districts within its jurisdiction. Saxony has Direktionsbezirke (directorate districts) with more responsibilities shifted from the state parliament.
Wanda Panfil
Wanda Marianna Panfil-González, née Panfil, (26 January 1959 in Tomaszów Mazowiecki) is a former long-distance runner from Poland, who won the world title in the women's marathon at the 1991 World Championships in Athletics in Tokyo, Japan. She was married to Mexican long-distance runner Mauricio González.

Panfil twice competed for her native country at the Summer Olympics; in 1988 when she finished 22nd with a 2:34:35, and in 1992 when she finished in 22nd position with a 2:47:27 in the women's marathon. During her career she won the London Marathon, the Boston Marathon, the New York City Marathon and the Nagoya Marathon. In 1990 and 1991 she was named Polish Sportswoman of the Year. Panfil is a four-time national champion in the women's 5.000 metres.

Athletics at the 1992 Summer Olympics – Women's marathon
The Women's Marathon at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain was held on Saturday August 1, 1992. The race started on 6.30 p.m. local time. A total number of 37 athletes completed the race, with Bakombo Kungu from Zaire finishing in last position in 3:29:10. There were 47 competitors from 31 countries. Nine of them did not finish. The winning margin was 8 seconds.

After finishing fourth, Madina Biktagirova of the Unified Team tested positive for norephedrine and became the first Olympic marathoner disqualified for failing a drug test.
Chesterfield Mall
Chesterfield Mall was a shopping mall in Chesterfield, Missouri, at the intersection of Interstate 64/U.S. Routes 40-61 and Clarkson Road (Route 340). The mall opened in 1976, built by Richard Jacobs. With the closing of Northwest Plaza in St. Ann in 2010, Chesterfield Mall became the largest shopping mall in the St. Louis metropolitan area. The entire mall closed permanently on August 31, 2024, for demolition and construction of a mixed-use development. It was demolished in 2025, with only the Dillard's and Macy's (Famous-Barr) buildings kept for future use.

U.S. Route 40 in Missouri
U.S. Route 40 (US 40) in the state of Missouri is a U.S. highway that runs from Kansas City to St. Louis. Outside of Greater St. Louis, much of the route either parallels or runs along I-70. East of Wentzville in Greater St. Louis, the route runs along I-64.
Merryman
Merryman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Deanna Merryman (born 1972), American actress and model

George H. Merryman (1878–1948), American physician and politician

Jerry Merryman (1932–2019), inventor of the handheld calculator

John Merryman (1824–1881), the petitioner in one of the best known habeas corpus cases of the American Civil War

Marjorie Merryman (born 1951), American composer, author, and music educator

Merryman, a DC Comics character and leader of the Inferior Five

Deanna Merryman
Deanna Merryman (born 1972) is an American actress, glamor model, and fitness model. She participated in Playboy's Great Lingerie Model Search in 1997 and competed in the Miss Hawaiian Tropic beauty pageant in 1998, later going on to become a model for Hawaiian Tropic. The next year, she was featured on the cover of Iron Man Magazine.

She starred, credited as Deana, on the documentary soap drama Desperately Seeking Stardom in 1999. This garnered her roles on Baywatch and Veronica's Closet. Merryman was featured in a pictorial in the October 2003 issue of Playboy magazine.
Adventureland (Disney)
Adventureland is one of the "themed lands" at the many Disneyland-style theme parks run by the Walt Disney Company around the world. It is themed to resemble the remote jungles in Africa, Asia, South America, Oceania and the Caribbean.

Adventureland provides a 1950s view of exotic adventure, capitalizing on the post-war Tiki craze. Lush vegetation resembles jungles while elements of the "other" surround the visitor. Tribal performance masks, conga drums, non-American totem poles, exotic animal statues, and architecture of Pacific influence make for a confined area wherein industry and technology take a back seat to uncharted nature. Noted art historian David T. Doris explains Adventureland as, "a pastiche of imaginary colonial spaces, conflated within the green and foliate milieu of "the Jungle."

Jungle
A jungle is land covered with dense forest and tangled vegetation, usually in tropical climates. Application of the term has varied greatly during the past century. Because jungles occur on all inhabited landmasses and may incorporate numerous vegetation and land types in different climatic zones, the wildlife of jungles cannot be straightforwardly defined.
Basilica of Our Lady of Bonaria
39°12′30.1″N 9°07′31.0″E﻿ / ﻿39.208361°N 9.125278°E﻿ / 39.208361; 9.125278

The Basilica of Our Lady of Bonaria (Italian: Basilica di Nostra Signora di Bonaria) is a Catholic basilica and Marian church located in Cagliari, Italy. The basilica is part of a complex of buildings which make up the Shrine of Our Lady of Bonaria. The basilica and the other structures are under the administration of the Order of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mercy, a religious order which has overseen the care of the shrine continuously since 1335.

Pope Pius XI raised the shrine to the status of Minor Basilica via the decree Calaritana in Civitate on 25 April 1926. The decree was signed and notarized by Cardinal Pietro Gasparri.

Pietro Gasparri
Pietro Gasparri GCTE (5 May 1852 – 18 November 1934) was an Italian Catholic prelate who served as a diplomat and politician in the Roman Curia, including as the Vatican signatory of the Lateran Treaty. He also served as Cardinal Secretary of State under Popes Benedict XV and Pius XI.
Sufczyce
Sufczyce [sufˈt͡ʂɨt͡sɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Oleśnica, within Staszów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) north-east of Oleśnica, 12 km (7 mi) south-west of Staszów, and 57 km (35 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kielce.

Staszów County
Staszów County (Polish: powiat staszowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, south-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Staszów, which lies 53 kilometres (33 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kielce. The county also contains the towns of Połaniec, lying 17 km (11 mi) south-east of Staszów, and Osiek, 21 km (13 mi) east of Staszów.

The county covers an area of 924.80 square kilometres (357.1 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is  67,331, out of which the population of Staszów is  14,762, that of Połaniec is  8,098, that of Osiek is  2,007, and the rural population is  42,464.
Unicode character property
The Unicode Standard assigns various properties to each Unicode character and code point.

The properties can be used to handle characters (code points) in processes, like in line-breaking, script direction right-to-left or applying controls. Some "character properties" are also defined for code points that have no character assigned and code points that are labelled like "<not a character>". The character properties are described in Standard Annex #44.

Properties have levels of forcefulness: normative, informative, contributory, or provisional. For simplicity of specification, a character property can be assigned by specifying a continuous range of code points that have the same property.

Code point
A code point, codepoint or code position is a particular position in a table, where the position has been assigned a meaning. The table may be one dimensional (a column), two dimensional (like cells in a spreadsheet), three dimensional (sheets in a workbook), etc... in any number of dimensions.

Technically, a code point is a unique position in a quantized n-dimensional space, where the position has been assigned a semantic meaning. The table has discrete (whole) and positive positions (1, 2, 3, 4, but not fractions).

Code points are used in a multitude of formal information processing and telecommunication standards. For example ITU-T Recommendation T.35 contains a set of country codes for telecommunications equipment (originally fax machines) which allow equipment to indicate its country of manufacture or operation. In T.35, Argentina is represented by the code point 0x07, Canada by 0x20, Gambia by 0x41, etc.
Merman (horse)
Merman  (foaled in Australia) (1892–1914) was a Thoroughbred racehorse, one of the finest racehorses in Colonial Australian racing history that raced in Europe. He won at distances from 5 furlongs (1,000 metres) to 21⁄2 miles (4,000 metres). In 2016 Merman was inducted to the Australian Racing Hall of Fame.

Australian Racing Hall of Fame
The Australian Racing Hall of Fame is part of the Australian Racing Museum which documents and honours the horseracing legends of Australia. The museum officially opened in 1981 and created the Hall of Fame in 2000.

The numbers in brackets after each name indicates the year of induction into the Hall of Fame.
Kikku-Siwe-Temti
Kikku-Siwe-Temti (also written as: Kikku-sime-temti, Kiku-siwe-tempti, Kikku-siwe-tempt, Kikku-Sive-Temti, and/or Kikkutanteimti) was the seventh king of the Awan dynasty and is said on the Susanian Dynastic List to have been the seventh king to exercise the kingship of Awan over all of Elam. He probably reigned sometime in the first Paleo-Elamite period (c. 2400 – c. 2015 BC). According to the Susanian Dynastic List: he was preceded by Napi-Ilhush and succeeded by Luh-ishan.

Luh-ishan
Luh-ishan, also Luhhiššan, Luh-ishshan, Lu-ishan (𒇻𒄴𒅖𒀭 lu-uh-ish-an, also 𒇻𒄴𒄭 𒅖𒊮𒀭 lu-uh-hi ish-sha-an; died c. 2325 BC) was a king of Elam and the 8th king of the Awan Dynasty. Hishep-ratep, if he is to be identified with Hishep-rashini, was the father of Luh-ishan.

Lu-ishan is known from Elamite sources, such as the Awan Dynasty king list, where he is listed as the 8th king of the Awan Dynasty.

Lu-ishan also appears in the inscriptions of Sargon of Akkad, who vanquished him when he conquered Elam and Marhasi. Sargon claims in his inscriptions that he is "Sargon, king of the world, conqueror of Elam and Parahshum", the two major polities to the east of Sumer. He also names various rulers of the east whom he vanquished, such as "Luh-uh-ish-an, son of Hishibrasini, king of Elam", thought to be Lu-sihan, or " Sidga'u, general of Parahshum"(during the reign of 
Abalgamash), who later also appears in an inscription by Rimush.