hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Koliivshchyna
The Koliivshchyna (Ukrainian: Коліївщина; Polish: koliszczyzna) was a major haidamaky rebellion that broke out in Right-bank Ukraine in June 1768, caused by the dissatisfaction of peasants with the treatment of Orthodox Christians by the Bar Confederation and serfdom, as well as by hostility of Cossacks and peasants to the local Polonized Ruthenian nobility and ethnic Poles. The uprising was accompanied by pogroms against both real and imagined supporters of the Bar Confederation, particularly ethnic Poles, Jews, Roman Catholics, and especially Byzantine Catholic priests and laity. This culminated in the massacre of Uman. The number of victims is estimated from 100,000 to 200,000. Many communities of national minorities (such as Old Believers, Armenians, Muslims and Greeks) completely disappeared in the areas devastated by the uprising.

Poles in Ukraine
The Polish minority in Ukraine officially numbers about 144,130 (according to the 2001 census), of whom 21,094 (14.6%) speak Polish as their first language. The history of Polish settlement in the current territory of Ukraine dates back to 1030–31. In the Late Middle Ages, following the extinction of the Rurik dynasty in 1323, the Kingdom of Poland expanded eastwards in 1340 to include the lands of Przemyśl and in 1366, Kamianets-Podilskyi (Kamieniec Podolski) as well. The settlement of Poles became common there after the Polish–Lithuanian peace treaty signed in 1366 between Casimir III the Great of Poland, and Liubartas of Lithuania.
1945 Vuelta a España
The 5th Vuelta a España (Tour of Spain), a long-distance bicycle stage race and one of the three grand tours, was held from 10 to 31 May 1945. It consisted of 18 stages covering a total of 3,818 km (2,372 mi), and was won by Delio Rodríguez. There was also a classification sponsored by Pirelli, Rodríguez also won the points classification and Julián Berrendero won the mountains classification.

Race stage
A race stage, leg, or heat is a unit of a race that has been divided in several parts for the reason such as length of the distance to be covered, as in a multi-day event. Usually, such a race consists of "ordinary" stages, but sometimes stages are held as an individual time trial or a team time trial. Long races such as the Tour de France, Absa Cape Epic or the Giro d'Italia are known for their stages of one day each, whereas the boat sailing Velux 5 Oceans Race is broken down in usually four stages of several weeks duration each, where the competitors are racing continuously day and night. In bicycling and running events, a race with stages is known as a stage race. Other examples include ultramarathons and adventure racing.
Ahogbèya
Ahogbèya is an arrondissement in the Kouffo department of Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Klouékanmè. According to the population census conducted by the Institut National de la Statistique Benin on February 15, 2002, the arrondissement had a total population of 10,330.

Couffo Department
Couffo or Kouffo [ku.fo] is one of the twelve departments of Benin. Couffo borders the country of Togo and the departments of Mono, Zou and Atlantique. Since 2008, the department's capital has been Aplahoué. The department of Kouffo was created in 1999 when it was split off from Mono Department.

As of 2013, the total population of the department was 745,328, with 348,574 males and 396,754 females. The proportion of women was 53.20%. The total rural population was 72.20%, while the urban population was 27.80%. The total labour force in the department was 208,974, of which 52.60% were women. The proportion of households with no level of education was 68.60%.
Shimanto Union
Shimanto Union Haripur  (Bengali: সীমান্ত ইউনিয়ন হরিপুর) is a union parishad of Jibannagar Upazila, in Chuadanga District, Khulna Division of Bangladesh. The union has an area of 115.15 square kilometres (44.46 sq mi) and as of 2001 had a population of 33,052. There are 15 villages and 11 mouzas in the union.

Khulna Division
Khulna Division (Bengali: খুলনা বিভাগ) is the second largest of the eight divisions of Bangladesh. It has an area of 22,285 km2 (8,604 sq mi) and a population of 17,416,645 at the 2022 Bangladesh census (preliminary returns). Its headquarters and largest city is Khulna city in Khulna District.
Mount Ousley, New South Wales
Mount Ousley is a residential suburb situated on the foothills of Mount Keira about four kilometres northwest from the city of Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia. It is also the name of the road which crosses the nearby Illawarra Escarpment and is adjacent to the University of Wollongong. Mount Ousley has a public school, Mount Ousley Public School in Fairy Meadow.

Illawarra escarpment
The Illawarra escarpment, or officially the Illawarra Range, is the fold-created cliffs and plateau-eroded outcrop mountain range west of the Illawarra coastal plain south of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. The range encloses the Illawarra region which stretches from Stanwell Park in the north to Kiama, Gerringong and the Shoalhaven River in the south.

Bells Hill, west of Knights Hill, is the highest point in the range at 803 metres (2,635 ft) AHD on the range's plateau; with a number of other peaks on the escarpment ranging from 300 metres (980 ft) to a maximum of 768 metres (2,520 ft) at Mount Murray southwest of Dapto.
Jahleel Addae
Jahleel Javon Kweku Addae (born January 24, 1990) is an American former professional football player who was a safety in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for Central Michigan Chippewas, serving as a captain and thrice earning all-Mid-American Conference honors. He was signed by the San Diego Chargers as an undrafted free agent in 2013.

Mike McCoy (American football coach)
Michael Patrick McCoy (born April 1, 1972) is an American professional football coach and former quarterback who is the assistant head coach for the Las Vegas Raiders of the National Football League (NFL). He has spent time as the quarterbacks coach for the Carolina Panthers and Jacksonville Jaguars, the offensive coordinator of the Denver Broncos and Arizona Cardinals, a senior offensive assistant and the interim head coach of the Tennessee Titans, and the head coach of the San Diego Chargers for four seasons from 2013 to 2016.
Çoban Yıldızı power stations
The Çoban Yıldızı power stations are 2 autoproducer coal-fired power stations in Turkey in Konya province owned by Konya Sugar which is in turn owned by Anadolu Birlik Holding.

The one licensed EÜ/4969-46/2746 is called Çumra and according to the licence database it is in Çumra but no coordinates are given. The company calls it Çobanyıldızı.

The one licensed  EÜ/5603-8/03299  is also called Çumra and the licence database gives its coordinates in Cumra.

The company website is unclear whether one is at their sugar factory in Konya city.

Konya
Konya is a major city in central Turkey, on the southwestern edge of the Central Anatolian Plateau, and is the capital of Konya Province. During antiquity and into Seljuk times it was known as Iconium.  In 19th-century accounts of the city in English its name is usually spelt Konia or Koniah. In the late medieval period, Konya was the capital of the Seljuk Turks' Sultanate of Rum, from where the sultans ruled over Anatolia.

As of 2024, the population of the Metropolitan Province was 2,330,024. 1,433,861 live in the three urban districts (Karatay, Selcuklu, Meram), making it the sixth most populous city in Turkey, and second most populous of the Central Anatolia Region, after Ankara. City has Konya is served by TCDD high-speed train (YHT) services from Istanbul, Ankara and Karaman. The local airport (Konya Havalimanı, KYA) is served by frequent flights from Istanbul whereas flights to and from İzmir are offered few times a week.
Ronnie Reniers
Ronnie Reniers (born 8 November 1987) is a Dutch footballer who plays as a winger for Dessel Sport. He formerly played for Willem II, FC Den Bosch, PEC Zwolle and FC Eindhoven.

Reniers is a forward who was born in Tilburg and made his debut in professional football, being part of the Willem II squad in the 2006–07 season.

Tilburg
Tilburg (Dutch: [ˈtɪlbʏr(ə)x] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in the Netherlands, in the southern province of North Brabant. With a population of 229,833 (January 2, 2024), it is the second-largest city or municipality in North Brabant after Eindhoven and the seventh-largest in the Netherlands.

Tilburg University is located in Tilburg, as are Avans University of Applied Sciences and Fontys University of Applied Sciences.

There are three railway stations within the municipality: Tilburg, Tilburg Universiteit and Tilburg Reeshof. The 75-hectare (185-acre) "Spoorzone" area around Tilburg Central station, once a Dutch Railways train maintenance yard, has been purchased by the city and is being transformed into an urban zone.
Dilip Kumar Paul
Dilip Kumar Paul (born 19 March 1956 in Silchar, Assam) is an Indian politician and was the  leader of the Bharatiya Janata Party who is elected to the assembly from the Silchar constituency twice, once in by-election against Indian National Congress leader Arun Mazumder and another against senior Congress leader Bhitika Dev, wife of former union minister Sontosh Mohan Dev. But he left BJP, in 2020-21, by carrying out some of the controversial issues within the party.

Bithika Dev
Bithika Dev is an Indian politician. She was elected to the Assam Legislative Assembly from Silchar in the 2006 elections as a member of the Indian National Congress. Her husband Santosh Mohan Dev was a Cabinet Minister of India.
2025 Moto3 World Championship
The 2025 FIM Moto3 World Championship was the lightweight class of the 77th FIM Road Racing World Championship season. José Antonio Rueda won the championship title with four races to spare after winning the Grand Prix of Indonesia.

2025 Indonesian motorcycle Grand Prix
The 2025 Indonesian motorcycle Grand Prix (officially known as the Pertamina Grand Prix of Indonesia) was the eighteenth round of the 2025 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season. All races were held at the Pertamina Mandalika International Street Circuit in Mandalika on 5 October 2025.

In the MotoGP class, Fermín Aldeguer won the race, becoming the second-youngest MotoGP winner in history. Álex Márquez won the best independent rider award this season, and Ducati Lenovo Team secured their second consecutive Teams' Championship.

In the Moto3 class, José Antonio Rueda won his ninth Grand Prix of the season and clinched the Riders' Championship.
Garman New Guinea tree frog
The Garman New Guinea tree frog ("Litoria" jeudii) is a species of frog in the subfamily Pelodryadinae.

This species is endemic to Papua New Guinea, and the type is the only known specimen.

The specific epithet honors the Dutch zoologist Theodoor Gerard van Lidth de Jeude. The vernacular name is almost certainly a meaningless error, for "German New Guinea tree frog".

Theodoor Gerard van Lidth de Jeude
Theodoor Gerard van Lidth de Jeude (8 July 1788 in Tiel – 23 December 1863 in Utrecht) was a Dutch physician, veterinarian, and zoologist and was the first director of the newly established Rijks Veterinary College where Veterinary medicine was first taught in the Netherlands in late 1821. His primary contribution to science was the collecting of specimens.
Emperor (ship)
Several merchant ships have been named Emperor, or a variation of Emperor.

Emperor (1853 ship) (originally named Leopard), Canadian (later U.S.) schooner, U.S. Official No. 8500. Wrecked on Lake Ontario, near Oswego, New York, in November 1870.

Emperor, British  steam sloop. Wrecked at Fécamp, Pas-de-Calais, France on 9 October 1857.

SS Emperor, Canadian steamer, bulk freighter, Official No. 126654. Wrecked on Isle Royale in Lake Superior on 4 June 1947.

Pas-de-Calais
The Pas-de-Calais (French: [pɑ d(ə) kalɛ] ⓘ, 'strait of Calais'; Picard: Pas-Calés; Dutch: Nauw van Calais) is a department in northern France named after the French designation of the Strait of Dover, which it borders. It has the most communes of all the departments of France, with 887, and is the 8th most populous. It had a population of 1,465,278 in 2019. The Calais Passage connects to the Port of Calais on the English Channel. The Pas-de-Calais borders the departments of Nord and Somme and is connected to the English county of Kent via the Channel Tunnel.
Kathy Castor
Katherine Anne Castor (/ˈkæstər/ KASS-tər; born August 20, 1966) is an American politician and lawyer currently representing Florida's 14th congressional district in the United States House of Representatives, serving since 2007. The district, numbered as the 11th district from 2007 to 2013, is based in Tampa. A Democrat, Castor was a member of the Hillsborough County Commission.

The daughter of former Florida state senator, president of the University of South Florida, and Florida education commissioner Betty Castor, Kathy Castor was born in Miami and raised in Tampa. She graduated from Emory College and the Florida State University College of Law. After law school, Castor primarily worked in public administration law. She was first elected to the House in 2006.

Florida Senate
The Florida Senate is the upper house of the Florida Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Florida, the Florida House of Representatives being the lower house. Article III, Section 1 of the Constitution of Florida, adopted in 1968, defines the role of the Legislature and how it is to be constituted. The Senate is composed of 40 members, each elected from a single-member district with a population of approximately 540,000 residents. The Senate Chamber is located in the State Capitol building.

The Republicans hold a supermajority in the chamber with 27 seats; Democrats are in the minority with 11 seats. One seat is held by an independent, and one seat is vacant.
Grigeo AB
Grigeo AB (formerly Grigiškės AB) is a paper and wood industry company group in Lithuania, and one of the biggest in the Baltic states.

The group comprises the following companies: Grigeo AB, Grigeo Packaging UAB, Grigeo Klaipėda AB, Grigeo Baltwood UAB, Grigeo Recycling UAB, Grigeo Recycling SIA, and Mena Pak AT.

The group employs eight hundred employees. Yearly turnover is approximately €163 million.

Grigeo AB is a member of the Lithuanian Forest association, Grigeo Baltwood UAB - a member of the European Panel Federation EPF and Grigeo Packaging UAB – a member of the European Federation of Corrugated Board Manufacturers FEFCO. It is the first paper production company in Lithuania, which has been awarded with the IFS HPC Quality Certificate. The company is certified by Ecolabel, SWAN, FSC and other certificates

Grigiškės aqueduct – a protected technical monument – sits on company territory.

Paper
Paper is a thin sheet of matted cellulose fibers. Largely derived from lignocellulose, paper is created from a pulp dissolved into a slurry that is drained and dried into sheets. Different types of paper are defined by constituent fiber, paper pulp, sizing, coating, paper size, paper density and grammage.

The papermaking process developed in East Asia at least as early as 105 CE by the Han court eunuch Cai Lun, although archaeological evidence exists of 2nd century BCE paper-like material in China. Before the industrialization of paper production, the most common paper was rag paper, made from discarded natural fiber textiles collected by ragpickers. The 1843 invention of wood pulp, coupled with the Second Industrial Revolution, made pulpwood paper the dominant variety to this day.
Granzyme A
Granzyme A (GzmA, EC 3.4.21.78, CTLA3, HuTPS, T-cell associated protease 1, cytotoxic T lymphocyte serine protease, TSP-1, T-cell derived serine proteinase) is a tryptase and is one of the five granzymes encoded in the human genome. In humans, GzmA is encoded by the GZMA gene in proximity to the GZMK gene on chromosome 5. This enzyme is present in cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) granules.

GzmA cleaves proteins after arginine or lysine basic residues. In CTL-targeted cells, it activates caspase-independent programmed cell death pathways that are unique and parallel to that of Granzyme B, although some substrates such as PARP-1 and lamin B are shared with Granzyme B. Substrates of GzmA include Pro-IL-1β, NDUFS3, SET, APE1, and Ku70 among others. In vitro studies suggest that GzmA may have less cytotoxic capabilities than GzmB.

In colorectal cancer, GzmA was associated with promotion of cancer development, which may be due to activation of inflammation-inducing cytokines from macrophages.

Arginine
Arginine is the amino acid with the formula (H2N)(HN)CN(H)(CH2)3CH(NH2)CO2H.  The molecule features a guanidino group appended to a standard amino acid framework. At physiological pH, the carboxylic acid is deprotonated (−CO2−) and both the amino and guanidino groups are protonated, resulting in a cation. Only the l-arginine (symbol Arg or R) enantiomer is found naturally. Arg residues are common components of proteins. It is encoded by the codons CGU, CGC, CGA, CGG, AGA, and AGG. The guanidine group in arginine is the precursor for the biosynthesis of nitric oxide. Like all amino acids, it is a white, water-soluble solid.

The one-letter symbol R was assigned to arginine for its phonetic similarity in English.
Genís Montolio
Genís Montolio Lafuente (born 23 July 1996), sometimes known simply as Genís, is a Spanish footballer who plays for FC Thun in the Swiss Challenge League as a Defender (association football)# Central Defender.

RCD Espanyol
Reial Club Deportiu Espanyol de Barcelona (Catalan: [rəˈjal ˈklub dəpuɾˈtiw əspəˈɲɔl də βəɾsəˈlonə]; "Royal Spanish Sports Club of Barcelona"), commonly known as RCD Espanyol, is a Spanish professional sports club based in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The club competes in La Liga, the top tier of Spanish football.

Founded in 1900 in Barcelona, Espanyol currently play their home games just outside the city at the RCDE Stadium, which holds up to 40,000 spectators. Domestically, Espanyol has won the Copa del Rey four times, most recently in 2006. In international competitions, the club reached the UEFA Cup final in 1988 and 2007. It has a long-standing local rivalry with FC Barcelona.
Meladze
Meladze (Georgian: მელაძე) is a Georgian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Konstantin Meladze (born 1963), Ukrainian-Russian composer and producer

Mevlud Meladze (born 1972), Georgian racing driver

Sergey Meladze (born 1980), Turkmenistan Paralympic powerlifter

Valery Meladze (born 1965), Russian singer

Valery Meladze
Valerian Shotayevich Meladze (born 23 June 1965), known professionally as Valery Meladze, is a Georgian-born Russian singer and a Meritorious Artist of Russia. He is the brother of composer and producer Konstantin Meladze, who writes songs for him.
Table tennis in the United States
Table tennis in the United States is regulated by USA Table Tennis.  USATT Historian Tim Boggan has written a volume of books entitled “History of U.S. Table Tennis” to give the readers a brief overview of how the sport of table tennis came to be. There are a total of 19 books in the series. Table tennis was initially considered an alternative to lawn tennis at parties and events. However, the rapid rise in popularity of table tennis reached worldwide and caught attention in the United States. In 1993, the official governing body of the United States Table Tennis Association was created. The sport was not named ping pong since that name was already taken from by the Parker Brothers. The non-profit corporation version of the United States Table Tennis Association truncated their name to “USA Table Tennis”.

Parker Brothers
Parker Brothers (known as Parker outside of North America) was an American toy and game manufacturer which in 1991 became a brand of Hasbro. More than 1,800 games were published under the Parker Brothers name since 1883. It remained family owned until bought in 1968, and branched into Nerf toys and media. Among its products were Monopoly, Clue (licensed from the British publisher and known as Cluedo outside of North America), Sorry!, Risk, Trivial Pursuit, Ouija, Aggravation, Bop It, Scrabble (under a joint partnership with Milton Bradley in the United States and Canada), and Probe. In the 21st century, the trade name ceased use, with former products being marketed under the "Hasbro Gaming" label, with the logo shown on Monopoly games.
The Spy FM
The Spy is an independent, online radio station, headquartered in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States, that specializes in alternative and indie rock. The station is closely affiliated with KOSU, which broadcasts The Spy's digital stream daily from 7 PM to 5 AM on their FM airwaves (91.7FM Oklahoma City, 107.5FM Tulsa, 88.3FM Stillwater, 94.9FM Ponca City).

In addition to the alternative rock that is normally played on The Spy, the station also broadcasts over a dozen weekly programs dedicated to particular musical genres, including reggae, red dirt, Americana, New Wave, hip hop, all-vinyl, and more.

Independent radio
Independent radio indicates a radio station that are run in a manner, different from usual from the countries it broadcasts in.

Conversely, in places such as the United States, where commercial broadcasters are the norm, independent radio is sometimes used to refer to non-commercial educational radio stations that are primarily supported by listener contributions and are this independent of commercial advertising concerns.
Le Moignan
Le Moignan is a surname derived from a placename in Seine-Maritime. Notable people with the surname include:

Christina Le Moignan (born 1942), British Methodist minister and academic

Martine Le Moignan (born 1962), squash player from Guernsey who represented England

Michel Le Moignan (1919–2000), Canadian Catholic priest and politician

Martine Le Moignan
Martine Le Moignan MBE (born 28 October 1962, in Guernsey, Channel Islands) is an English former professional squash player, who was one of the game's leading players in the 1980s and early-1990s. In international competition, she represented England.
Murder of Elianne Andam
On 27 September 2023, Elianne Andam, a 15-year-old British girl, was stabbed to death in Croydon, London by 17-year old Hassan Sentamu. Sentamu was arrested that day and convicted of murder. He was given a life sentence with a minimum term of 23 years in prison.

Stabbing
A stabbing is penetration or rough contact with a sharp or pointed object at close range. Stab connotes purposeful action, as by an assassin or murderer, but it is also possible to accidentally stab oneself or others. Stabbing differs from slashing or cutting in that the motion of the object used in a stabbing generally moves perpendicular to and directly into the victim's body, rather than being drawn across it.

Stab wounds is the specific form of penetrating trauma to the skin that results from stabbing.
Stabbings have been common among gangs and in prisons because knives are cheap, easy to acquire (or manufacture), easily concealable and relatively effective.
Stabbing has also been used in terrorism.