hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Roman cement
Roman cement is a substance developed by James Parker in the 1780s, being patented in 1796.

The name is misleading, as it is nothing like any material used by the Romans, but was a "natural cement" made by burning septaria – nodules that are found in certain clay deposits, and that contain both clay minerals and calcium carbonate. The burnt nodules are ground to a fine powder. This product, made into a mortar with sand, sets in 5–15 minutes. The success of Roman cement led other manufacturers to develop rival products by burning artificial mixtures of clay and chalk.

Chalk
Chalk is a soft, white, porous, sedimentary carbonate rock. It is a form of limestone composed of the mineral calcite and originally formed under the sea by the accumulation and lithification of hard parts of organisms, mostly microscopic plankton, which had settled to the sea floor. Chalk is common throughout Western Europe, where deposits underlie parts of France, and steep cliffs are often seen where they meet the sea in places such as the Dover cliffs on the Kent coast of the English Channel.

Chalk is mined for use in industry, such as for quicklime, bricks and builder's putty, and in agriculture, for raising pH in soils with high acidity. It is also used for "blackboard chalk" for writing and drawing on various types of surfaces, although these can also be manufactured from other carbonate-based minerals, or gypsum.
Ruserahu
Ruserahu is an uninhabited 31.1 hectares (77 acres) island belonging to Estonia. It is located in Õunaku Bay, 1.5 kilometers southwest of the Õunaku Peninsula, off the southeast coast of the larger island of Hiiumaa. The terrain on Ruserahu is very flat. The island's highest point is 2 meters above sea level. It stretches 0.4 kilometers in a north–south direction, and 0.45 kilometers in an east–west direction. Administratively, it belongs to the village of Esiküla on the island of Kassari, Hiiu Parish, Hiiu County. Ruserahu is part of the Käina Bay-Kassari Landscape Conservation Area.

Hiiu County
Hiiu County (Estonian: Hiiu maakond or Hiiumaa) is one of 15 counties of Estonia, being the smallest county both in terms of area and population. It consists of Hiiumaa (German and Swedish: Dagö), the second-largest island of Estonia, and several smaller islands near it. The county borders Lääne County to the east and Saare County to the south.
Jacopo Trulla
Jacopo Trulla (Vicenza, 5 July 2000) is an Italian professional rugby union player. His usual position is wing, and he currently plays for Zebre Parma in United Rugby Championship.

Trulla represented Calvisano in the 2019–20 European Rugby Challenge Cup. For the last matches of 2019–20 Pro14 and for 2020–21 Pro14 season, he was named as Permit Player for Zebre.

In 2019 and 2020, Trulla  was also named in the Italy Under 20 squad for the 2019 Six Nations Under 20s Championship and in 2020 the squad for the 2020 Six Nations Under 20s Championship. From November 2020 he is also part of Italy squad. On the 14 October 2021, he was selected by Alessandro Troncon to be part of an Italy A 28-man squad for the 2021 end-of-year rugby union internationals.

He was included in Italy squad for the 2024 Autumn Nations series and the 2025 Six Nations Championship.

In May 2025, he was named to Italy squad to participate in the 2025 Tour of Namibia and South Africa.

2025 Italy rugby union tour of Namibia and South Africa
In July 2025, the Italy national rugby union team toured South Africa as part of the Summer International calendar. The two-test tour was confirmed in October 2024, with a match against Namibia being included on the tour.

It was Italy's third tour of South Africa, and the first time both teams have played each other at Loftus Versfeld Stadium and Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium.
Redd Boggs
Dean Walter "Redd" Boggs (2 April 1921 – 9 May 1996) was a science fiction fanzine writer, editor and publisher from Los Angeles, California.

Beginning with his editing of the 1948 Fantasy Annual, and through his fanzines such as Sky Hook, he raising the standards for fan writing and fanzine production. Sky Hook published both fannish and critical material, including early criticism by James Blish. His fanzine Discord was nominated for the Best Fanzine Hugo in 1961. His personal fanzine Spirochete for the Fantasy Amateur Press Association lasted for 76 issues. Boggs was nominated for the Retro Hugo for Best Fan Writer, and Sky Hook was nominated for Best Fanzine. Boggs was also a member of First Fandom.

Science-fiction fanzine
A science-fiction fanzine is an amateur or semi-professional magazine published by members of science-fiction fandom, from the 1930s to the present day. They were one of the earliest forms of fanzine, within which the term "fanzine" was coined, and at one time constituted the primary type of science-fictional fannish activity ("fanac").
Country Club Historic District (Edina, Minnesota)
The Country Club Historic District is a suburban residential district established in 1922 in Edina, Minnesota, United States.  It was one of Minnesota's first comprehensive planned communities and served as the prototype for subsequent town planning in this suburb of Minneapolis.  The development was modeled after the J.C. Nichols Country Club District in Kansas City, Missouri.

The district is also noted for its homogeneous Period Revival architecture.  The architectural styles are primarily Colonial Revival, Tudor Revival, Georgian Revival and Mediterranean Revival designs. The neighborhood is listed in the National Register of Historic Places with 550 contributing properties mostly built 1924–1931.  It was listing for having local significance in architecture, community planning, and landscape architecture.

J. C. Nichols
Jesse Clyde "J. C." Nichols (August 23, 1880 - February 16, 1950) was an American urban planner and developer of commercial and residential real estate in Kansas City, Missouri.

Born in Olathe, Kansas, and a student at the University of Kansas and Harvard University, his most notable developments are the Country Club District and Country Club Plaza in Kansas City, which influenced suburban developments in other parts of the United States. He served leadership roles in local and national real estate organizations. Through these organizations, his ideas about real estate and planning helped to shape methods for racist and anti-Semitic restrictive covenants and zoning. His legacy has come under increasing scrutiny for these covenants, which prohibited Blacks, Jews, and other minorities from living in these neighborhoods.
Kafra, Syria
Kafra (Arabic: كفرة, romanized: Kafrah) is a small town in northern Aleppo Governorate, northwestern Syria. Located some 35 kilometres (22 mi) north of the city of Aleppo and 10 km (6.2 mi) east of Azaz, it administratively belongs to Nahiya Sawran in Azaz District. Nearby localities include Jarez 2 km (1.2 mi) to the west, Kaljibrin 5 km (3.1 mi) to the southwest, and Sawran 3 km (1.9 mi) to the east. In the 2004 census, Kafra had a population of 2,859.

Aleppo Governorate
Aleppo Governorate (Arabic: محافظة حلب, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat Ḥalab, [muˈħaːfaðˤat ˈħalab]; Kurmanji Kurdish: Parêzgeha Helebê) is one of the fourteen governorates of Syria. It is the most populous governorate in Syria with a population of more than 4,867,000 (2011 Est.), almost 23% of the total population of Syria. The governorate is the fifth in area with an area of 18,482 km2 (7,136 sq mi), or 18,498 square kilometres (7,142 sq mi)2, about 10% of the total area of Syria. The capital is the city of Aleppo.
Diane Gaston
Diane Gaston (born 1948) is an American author of Regency romance novels.  She has also written under the pen name Diane Perkins.

Gaston won the Romance Writers of America RITA Award in 2006 for Best Regency Romance for her novel A Reputable Rake.  She has been nominated twice for Romantic Times Reviewers' Choice Awards, once for each of the novels written as Diane Perkins. Gaston won the 2016 Virginia Romance Writers Holt Medallion award for Best Historical and for Best Book by Virginia Author for Bound by Duty.

Regency romance
Regency romances are a subgenre of romance novels set during the period of the British Regency (1811–1820) or the early 19th century.  Rather than simply being versions of contemporary romance stories transported to a historical setting, Regency romances are a distinct genre with their plot and stylistic conventions. These derive not so much from the 19th-century contemporary works of Jane Austen, but rather from Georgette Heyer, who wrote over two dozen novels set in the Regency starting in 1935 until she died in 1974, and from the fiction genre known as the Novel of Manners. In particular, the more traditional Regencies feature a great deal of intelligent, fast-paced dialogue between the protagonists and very little explicit sex or discussion of sex.
Bogatino
Bogatino (Bulgarian: Богатино) is a village in Ardino Municipality, Kardzhali Province, southern-central Bulgaria.  It is located 200.247 kilometres (124.428 mi) from Sofia. It covers an area of 2.258 square kilometres and as of 2007 had a population of 114 people.

Kardzhali Province
41°39′N 25°22′E﻿ / ﻿41.650°N 25.367°E﻿ / 41.650; 25.367

Kardzhali Province  (Bulgarian: Област Кърджали, romanized: Oblast Kărdžali) is a province of southern Bulgaria, neighbouring Greece with the Greek regional units of Xanthi, Rhodope, and Evros to the south and east. It is 3,209.1 km2 in area. Its main city is Kardzhali. It is Bulgaria's southernmost province.
Teo Tuvale
Teo Tuvale (26 August 1855 – December 1919) was a notable Samoan historian who served terms as Chief Justice and Secretary to Government in Samoa during the era of colonialism.

Tuvale is the author of An account of Samoan History up to 1918, a key historical text in Samoan history which includes first hand accounts of the rivalry between European colonial powers and Samoan chiefly families. He was also an official translator and spoke English, German and some Fijian.

Fijian language
Fijian (Na vosa vaka-Viti) is an Austronesian language of the Malayo-Polynesian family spoken by some 350,000–450,000 ethnic Fijians as a native language. In the 2013 Constitution, Fijian (referred to as iTaukei) is an official language of Fiji, along with English and Fiji Hindi and there is discussion about establishing it as the "national language". Fijian is a VOS language.

Standard Fijian is based on the Bau dialect, which is an East Fijian language.
A pidginized form is used by many Indo-Fijians and Chinese on the islands, while Pidgin Hindustani is used by many rural ethnic Fijians and Chinese in areas dominated by Indo-Fijians.
East Cemetery (Litchfield, Connecticut)
East Cemetery is a cemetery in Litchfield, Connecticut. It has also been known as East Burying Ground.

In 1754, a committee was chosen to lay out a burying ground and the layout was recorded in town property records in January 1755.

Litchfield, Connecticut
Litchfield is a town in and former county seat of Litchfield County, Connecticut, United States. The population was 8,192 at the 2020 census. The town is part of the Northwest Hills Planning Region. The boroughs of Bantam and Litchfield are located within the town. There are also three unincorporated villages: East Litchfield, Milton, and Northfield. Northfield, located in the southeastern corner of Litchfield, is home to a high percentage of the Litchfield population.
Eyvind Braggart
Eyvind Braggart is a quasi-historical figure and is a character in Egil's Saga.

Eyvind was one of Queen Gunnhild's brothers.
Queen Gunnhild convinces Eyvind and his brother to attempt to kill Egil Skallagrimson but they are unsuccessful. He is known for drunkenly murdering one of Egil's men and is banished from Norway as a consequence. He is then hired by King Harald Bluetooth of Denmark to defend its coastlines. He attempts to ambush Egil Skallagrimson while raiding and pillaging with his Viking crew, but is compromised by Aki, an ally of Egil.

Harald Bluetooth
Harald "Bluetooth" Gormsson (Old Norse: Haraldr Blátǫnn Gormsson; Danish: Harald Blåtand Gormsen, died c. 985/86) was a king of Denmark and Norway.

The son of King Gorm the Old and Thyra Dannebod, Harald ruled as king of Denmark from c. 958 – c. 986, introduced Christianity to Denmark and consolidated his rule over most of Jutland and Zealand.

Harald's rule as king of Norway following the assassination of King Harald Greycloak of Norway was more tenuous, most likely lasting for no more than a few years in the 970s. Some sources say his son Sweyn Forkbeard forcibly deposed him from his Danish throne before his death.
Clavelina minuta
Clavelina minuta is a species of sea squirt found in Japan, that has been demonstrated to produce an intrinsic (non-secreted) green bioluminescence of 535 nm. Notably, this bioluminescence is not thought to be due to bacterial symbionts. Clavelina minuta is currently the only sea squirt (Ascidiacea) known to produce light, however old reports also report luminescence in Botryllus and Ciona. Amongst other tunicates, the unrelated Pyrosoma and Appendicularia (e.g. genus Oikopleura), which produce an intrinsic blue light, are bioluminescent, and genera Doliolum (Doliolidae) and Cyclosalpa (Salpidae) may also be bioluminescent.

Larvacean
Larvaceans, copelates or appendicularians, class Appendicularia, are solitary, free-swimming tunicates found throughout the world's oceans. While larvaceans are filter feeders like most other tunicates, they keep their tadpole-like shape as adults, with the notochord running through the tail. They can be found in the pelagic zone, specifically in the photic zone, or sometimes deeper. They are transparent planktonic animals, usually ranging from 2 mm (0.079 in) to 8 mm (0.31 in) in body length including the tail, although giant larvaceans can reach up to 10 cm (3.9 in) in length.

Larvaceans are known for the large houses they build around their bodies to assist in filter-feeding. Secreted from mucus and cellulose, these structures often comprise several layers of filters and can reach up to ten times their body length. In some genera like Oikopleura, houses are built and discarded every few hours, with sinking houses playing a key role in the oceanic carbon cycle.
Ken Jones (police officer)
Sir Kenneth Lloyd Jones QPM (born June 1952) is a British former police officer. He was a Deputy Commissioner of Victoria Police in Australia, former President of Association of Chief Police Officers for England, Wales and Northern Ireland in the United Kingdom and Senior Investigator of Independent Commission Against Corruption (ICAC) of Hong Kong. Sir Ken Jones is a former President of Association of Chief Police Officers and presently defence & security advisor at the British Embassy in Washington DC. He was awarded the Queen's Police Medal in 2000 and was knighted for services to policing in 2009.

Embassy of the United Kingdom, Washington, D.C.
The British Embassy, Washington D.C. (alternatively in the US, Embassy of the United Kingdom, Washington, D.C.) is the British sovereign's diplomatic mission to the United States of America, representing the interests of the United Kingdom and British Government. It is located at 3100 Massachusetts Avenue NW in Washington, D.C.  The embassy compound includes the chancery offices, as well as the British Ambassador's residence.
Helen Grundlingh
Helen Jeanne Grundlingh is a South African lawn bowler. She competed in the women's singles at the 2010 Commonwealth Games.

In 2011 she won the fours silver medal and triples bronze medal at the Atlantic Bowls Championships.

Atlantic Bowls Championships
The Atlantic Bowls Championships was a lawn bowling competition held between national bowls organisations in the Atlantic region. The event was a qualifying event for the World Outdoor Bowls Championships until the 2021 announcement that it would no longer be held. Originally the Championships were for women only and were called the Atlantic Rim Championships. In 2007 men competed for the first time at the event.

The 2001 tournament due to be held in Namibia was cancelled due to opposition from the Namibia Sports Commission. The next tournament was held in 2005.

In 2021, the 2020 World Outdoor Bowls Championship was officially cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. World Bowls then decided that the World Championships would take place every two years starting in 2023. This also resulted in the fact that qualifying events for the Championships were no longer required meaning the Atlantic Championships and Asia Pacific Bowls Championships were terminated.
FS Class 680
The Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane (FS; Italian State Railways) Class 680 (Italian: Gruppo 680) is a 2-6-2 express steam locomotive; it was the direct ancestor of the very successful and appreciated Class 685.

Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane
Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane S.p.A. (Italian pronunciation: [ferroˈviːe dello ˈstaːto itaˈljaːne]; lit. 'Italian State Railways JSC'; previously only Ferrovie dello Stato, hence the initialism FS) is Italy's national state-owned railway holding company that manages transport, infrastructure, real estate services and other services in Italy and other European countries.
Jäder Church
Jäder Church, Swedish: Jäders kyrka, is a church building in the village of Jäder, Eskilstuna Municipality, Södermanland County, Sweden, approximately 10 km east of Eskilstuna. Belonging to the Lutheran Church of Sweden, it is part of Kafjärden Parish in the Diocese of Strängnäs. Until 1995, it was the main church of the historical Jäder Parish.

Diocese of Strängnäs
The Diocese of Strängnäs (Swedish: Strängnäs stift) is a part of the Lutheran Church of Sweden and has its seat in Strängnäs Cathedral in Strängnäs, south of Lake Mälaren. The diocese is made up of the two provinces Närke and Södermanland (except for eastern Södermanland, which belongs to Stockholm County and the Diocese of Stockholm).

The diocese was first a Latin Catholic suffragan of the then Danish Diocese of Lund, which in 1104 was elevated to an archdiocese and became the Metropolitan see of all of Scandinavia. From 1164 on Strängnäs was suffragan to the Swedish archbishop of Uppsala. It was established during the 12th century by the English missionary Saint Eskil.
2012 Morocco Tennis Tour – Marrakech – Doubles
Peter Luczak and Alessandro Motti were the defending champions but decided not to participate.
Martin Kližan and Daniel Muñoz de la Nava won the title, defeating Íñigo Cervantes Huegun and Federico Delbonis 6–3, 1–6, [12–10] in the final.

Alessandro Motti
Alessandro Motti (born 21 February 1979) is an Italian professional tennis player who specialises in doubles. He has a career high doubles ranking of world No. 91, achieved on 14 September 2009.

Motti reached his only ATP World Tour doubles final at the age of 38, partnering Tuna Altuna at the 2017 Istanbul Open. They lost it to Roman Jebavý and Jiří Veselý with a so-called double bagel.
Kie Furuyama
Kie Furuyama (古山稀絵, Furuyama Kie, born 21 July 1997) is a Japanese former racing cyclist. At professional level, she formerly represented Team Rakuten K Dreams. She was also a member of the Japanese national cycling team. She retired from professional competition in November 2023.

Furuyama won a silver medal at Individual pursuit and a bronze medal in the Madison races at the 2021 UCI Track Cycling Nations Cup.

2021 UCI Track Cycling Nations Cup
The 2021 UCI Track Cycling Nations Cup (also known as the Tissot UCI Track Cycling Nations Cup for sponsorship reasons) was a multi-race tournament over a track cycling season. It was the first series of the UCI Track Cycling Nations Cup organised by the UCI.
Seiktein
Seiktein is a town in Mandalay Region in Central Myanmar. It lies just north of Mount Popa, on the Kyaukpadaung–Taungtha road. The town is in two parts, Seiktein North and Seiktein South along the road.

Mandalay Region
Mandalay Region (Burmese: မန္တလေးတိုင်းဒေသကြီး, pronounced [máɰ̃dəlé táiɰ̃ dèθa̰ dʑí]; formerly Mandalay Division) is an administrative division of Myanmar. It is located in the center of the country, bordering Sagaing Region and Magway Region to the west, Shan State to the east, and Bago Region and Kayin State to the south. The regional capital is Mandalay. To the south of the region lies the national capital of Naypyidaw. The division consists of eleven districts, which are subdivided into 28 townships and 2,320 wards and village-tracts.

Mandalay Region is important in Myanmar's economy, accounting for 15% of the national economy. It is under the administration of the Mandalay Region Government.
Chilakaluripet mandal
Chilakaluripet mandal,  officially designated as Chilakaluripet H/O Purshothama Patnam is one of the 28 mandals in Palnadu district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is under the administration of Narasaraopet revenue division and the headquarters are located at Chilakaluripet city. The mandal is bounded by Nadendla, Edlapadu, Pedanandipadu and Narasaraopet mandals.

Narasaraopet mandal
Narasaraopet mandal is one of the 28 mandals in Guntur district of the India state of Andhra Pradesh. It is under the administration of Narasaraopet revenue division and the headquarters are located at Narasaraopet city. The mandal is bounded by Rompicherla, Nekarikallu, Muppalla, Phirangipuram, Nadendla and Chilakaluripeta. It also borders Prakasam district.
Cruller
A cruller (/ˈkrʌlər/) is a deep-fried pastry popular in parts of Europe and North America. In Europe, the distinct shape is typically formed in one of two ways: a string of dough folded over and twisted twice; or a rectangle of dough with a cut in the center, pulled over and through itself. In North America, it is typically a form of cake doughnut made in a small loaf or simple stick shape or, in the case of the "French cruller", extruded in a ring from choux pastry.

Crullers are typically topped with cinnamon sugar, dipped in plain icing, or served plain.

Glaze (cooking)
In cooking, a glaze is a glossy, translucent coating applied to the outer surface of a dish by dipping, dripping, or using a brush. Depending on its nature and intended effect, a glaze may be applied before or after cooking. It may be either sweet or savory (in pâtisserie, the former is known as glaçage); typical glazes include brushed egg whites, some types of icing, and jam (as in nappage), and may or may not include butter, sugar, milk, oil, and fruit or fruit juice.
Sølvi Vatnhamar
Sølvi Vatnhamar (born 5 May 1986) is a Faroese footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Víkingur and the Faroe Islands national football team. He also works as a constructor next to his football career, and his brother Gunnar Vatnhamar is also a footballer who has played with him on the national team.

On 13 June 2015 he played his fifth match for the Faroe Islands national football team at the Tórsvøllur stadium against Greece. The Faroe Islands won 2–1 with goals by Hallur Hansson and Brandur Olsen; Vatnhamar assisted both goals.

On 28 March 2016, Vatnhamar scored his first international goal in a 3–2 win against Liechtenstein

Víkingur Gøta
Víkingur is a Faroese professional football club based in Leirvík. The club was founded in 2008 after the merger of GÍ Gøta and Leirvík ÍF. They play at the Serpugerði Stadium in Norðragøta. Both villages are part of the same municipality Eysturkommuna, located on the island of Eysturoy and about 5 kilometers away from each other. The club won the Faroese championship for the first time in the 2016 season. In the 2017 season, Vikingur won the championship again.