hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Brickellia vernicosa
Brickellia vernicosa   is a Mexican species of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. It is native to north-central Mexico, in the states of Durango, Zacatecas, and Chihuahua.

Brickellia vernicosa  is a shrub with striped bark and violet flower heads.

Durango
Durango, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Durango, is one of the states which make up the 32 federal entities of Mexico, situated in the northwest portion of the country. With a population of 1,832,650, the 8th lowest of Mexico's states, Durango has Mexico's second-lowest population density, after Baja California Sur. The capital city, Victoria de Durango, is named after the first President of Mexico, Guadalupe Victoria.
Specific ventilation
In respiratory physiology, specific ventilation is defined as the ratio of the volume of gas entering a region of the lung (ΔV) following an inspiration, divided by the end-expiratory volume (V0) of that same lung region:

SV = ΔV⁄V0

It is a dimensionless quantity. For the whole human lung, given an indicative tidal volume of 0.6 L and a functional residual capacity of 2.5 L, average SV is of the order of 0.24.

The distribution of specific ventilation within the lung can be inferred using Multiple Breath Washout (MBW) experiments  or imaging techniques such as Positron Emission Tomography (PET) using 13N, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) using either hyperpolarized gas (3He, 129Xe) or proton MRI (oxygen enhanced imaging).

Functional residual capacity
Functional residual capacity (FRC) is the volume of air present in the lungs at the end of passive expiration. At FRC, the opposing elastic recoil forces of the lungs and chest wall are in equilibrium and there is no exertion by the diaphragm or other respiratory muscles.
Vehicular homicide
Vehicular homicide is a crime that involves the death of a person other than the driver as a result of either criminally negligent or murderous operation of a motor vehicle.

In cases of criminal negligence, the defendant is commonly charged with unintentional vehicular manslaughter. Vehicular homicide is similar to the offense, in some countries, of "dangerous driving causing death".

The victim may be either a person not in the car with the offending motorist (such as a pedestrian, cyclist, or another motorist), or a passenger in the vehicle with the offender.

Malice aforethought
Malice aforethought is the "premeditation" or "predetermination" (with malice) required as an element of some crimes in some jurisdictions and a unique element for first-degree or aggravated murder in a few. Insofar as the term is still in use, it has a technical meaning that has changed substantially over time.
Rossomando
Rossomando is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anna Rossomando (born 1963), Italian politician

Anthony Rossomando (born 1976), American writer-producer, composer, and guitarist

Peter Rossomando (born 1972), American football player and coach

Anthony Rossomando
Anthony Rossomando (born February 21, 1976) is an American musician. Rossomando, along with Carl Barât, was a founding member of Dirty Pretty Things. He previously stood in for Pete Doherty in The Libertines as a touring member. He has also been a live member of British New Rave band Klaxons. Rossomando has won Oscar, Grammy, and Golden Globe awards.
François Paré
François-Rosaire Paré (born 1949 in Longueuil, Quebec) is a Québécois author and academic specialising in the literature of cultural minorities, though He started his career as a professor of French Renaissance literature.

Paré lived in Montreal during his youth. After earning his Bachelor of Arts degree at the Université de Montréal, he pursued further studies in Buffalo, New York at SUNY. He would eventually settle in Ontario, first at St Catharines, then moving to the Kitchener-Waterloo region to teach at the University of Guelph. He was the Chair of the French Studies Department at the University of Waterloo from 2003-2010 and is now the Graduate officer for the department.

Regional Municipality of Waterloo
The Regional Municipality of Waterloo (Waterloo Region or Region of Waterloo) is a metropolitan area of Southern Ontario, Canada. It contains the cities of Cambridge, Kitchener and Waterloo (KWC or Tri-Cities), and the townships of North Dumfries, Wellesley, Wilmot and Woolwich. Kitchener, the largest city, is the seat of government.

The region is 1,370 square kilometres (530 sq mi) in area, with a population of 587,165 as of the 2021 Canada census, though an end of 2023 estimate puts the population above 673,910 people. Waterloo Region forms the tenth-largest metropolitan area in Canada, with recent population growth almost entirely fuelled by international students.

The region was formerly called Waterloo County, created in 1853 and dissolved in 1973. The county consisted of five townships: North Dumfries, Waterloo, Wellesley, Wilmot, and Woolwich.
Narayan Singh Rana
Narayan Singh Rana is an Indian politician and member of the Bharatiya Janata Party. Rana was a member of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Council from the Garhwal Division in Uttarakhand. He is father and first coach of  an Indian shooter Jaspal Rana. He was first sports minister of the Uttarakhand from 2000 to 2002. He also served Indo-Tibetan Border Police in 1967 and served in Jammu and Kashmir during the 1971 war and was also selected in the Special Protection Group in 1985. He also trains young shooter at Jaspal Rana Shooting Academy.

In 2017, Rana contested the 2017 Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly election from Dhanaulti Assembly constituency after being sidelined for 14 years, but lost to an independent candidate Pritam Singh Panwar.

Indo-Tibetan Border Police
The Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) is a central armed police force in India, under the Ministry of Home Affairs. It is responsible for guarding India's border with Tibet Autonomous Region of China. It was formed in the aftermath of the Sino-Indian War of 1962.
Soviet submarine B-39
32°43′15″N 117°10′28″W﻿ / ﻿32.720738°N 117.174320°W﻿ / 32.720738; -117.174320

B-39 was a Project 641 (Foxtrot-class) diesel-electric attack submarine of the Soviet Navy. The "B" (actually "Б") in her designation stands for большая (bolshaya, "large")—Foxtrots were the Soviet Navy's largest non-nuclear submarines.

B-39 was culled from a group of ex-Soviet diesel electric submarines in Vladivostok, and eventually sold to a group of western businessmen. In 2002, the B-39 was put on display in Seattle, Washington in Elliot Bay along Pier 48. On April 21, 2005, B-39 became a museum ship on display at the Maritime Museum of San Diego, California, United States, encountering harsh winds and storms on its journey. In October 2021 the decision was made to withdraw the deteriorating submarine from the collection and scrap her. She departed the Maritime Museum of San Diego on February 7, 2022, for Ensenada, Mexico to be scrapped.

Periscope
A periscope is an device for observation over, around or through an object, obstacle or condition that prevents direct line-of-sight observation from an observer's current position.

In its simplest form, it consists of an outer case with mirrors at each end set parallel to each other at a 45° angle. This form of periscopic device, with the addition of two simple lenses, served for observation purposes in the trenches during World War I. Military personnel also use periscopes in some gun turrets and in armoured vehicles.

More complex periscopes using prisms or advanced fiber optics instead of mirrors and providing magnification operate on submarines and in various fields of science. The overall design of the classical submarine periscope is very simple: two telescopes pointed into each other. If the two telescopes have different individual magnification, the difference between them causes an overall magnification or reduction.
SS H. P. Bope
The H.P. Bope was an American steel-hulled, propeller-driven Great Lakes freighter built in 1907 by the Superior Shipbuilding Company of Superior, Wisconsin for service on the Great Lakes of North America. She was used to transport bulk cargoes such as coal, iron ore and grain.

Grain
A grain is a small, hard, dry fruit (caryopsis) – with or without an attached hull layer – harvested for human or animal consumption. A grain crop is a grain-producing plant. The two main types of commercial grain crops are cereals and legumes.

After being harvested, dry grains are more durable than other staple foods, such as starchy fruits (plantains, breadfruit, etc.) and tubers (sweet potatoes, cassava, and more). This durability has made grains well suited to industrial agriculture, since they can be mechanically harvested, transported by rail or ship, stored for long periods in silos, and milled for flour or pressed for oil. Thus, the grain market is a major global agricultural market that includes crops such as maize, rice, soybeans, wheat and other grains.
Rossouw de Klerk
Pieter Rossouw de Klerk (born 21 August 1989) is a South African rugby union player for the Southern Kings in the Pro14. His regular playing position is tighthead prop.

De Klerk began his senior career in Pretoria and made his domestic debut for the Blue Bulls in 2009 against the Griquas.   The following year he made his first Super Rugby appearance for the Bulls against the Highlanders.   In total he managed 33 matches for the Blue Bulls and 14 games for the Bulls.

He moved west in 2013 and played for the Free State Cheetahs in the Vodacom Cup and Currie Cup competitions.

He signed for Glasgow Warriors in 2014 and won the Pro 12 title in the season 2014-15. On 31 July 2015 Glasgow Warriors announced that De Klerk would be released from his contract for personal reasons. On 27 September 2015, Klerk signed for top French club Grenoble in the Top 14 from the 2015–2016 season.

Glasgow Warriors
The Glasgow Warriors are a professional rugby union side from Scotland. The team plays in the United Rugby Championship league and in the European Professional Club Rugby tournaments. In the 2014–15 season they won the Pro12 title and became the first Scottish team to win a major trophy in rugby union's professional era. In 2023–24 they became the first Scottish side to win the United Rugby Championship in its current form. The side is known for its fast, dynamic and attacking style of play, using offloads and quick rucks. Defensively the club prides itself on its 'Fortress Scotstoun' where the club play at home.
Shri Balwant Institute of Technology
28°59′N 77°08′E﻿ / ﻿28.98°N 77.14°E﻿ / 28.98; 77.14
Shri Balwant Institute of Technology (SBIT) is an Engineering and Management institute based in Sonipat, Haryana. It was established in the year 2006. It is approved by AICTE, Ministry of Education, Government of India and affiliated to GGS IP University, New Delhi. SBIT is the part of SB Group of Institutions.

Sonipat
Sonipat is a planned industrial city and administrative headquarter in Sonipat district of Haryana state of India. It comes under the National Capital Region and is around 45 kilometres (28 mi) from New Delhi. It lies 214 km (128 miles) southwest of Chandigarh, the state capital. The Yamuna River runs along its eastern boundary. Sonipat was historically known as Swarnprastha.

On 22 December 1972, Sonipat was designated a full-fledged district. Sonipat Junction railway station is the main railway junction on Delhi-Kalka line. It lies on Delhi Western Peripheral Expressway, Eastern Peripheral Expressway (NE II) and Grand Trunk Road (NH 44) as well as the planned Delhi–Sonipat–Panipat Regional Rapid Transit System.
Roger Lawson Gamble
Roger Lawson Gamble (1787 – December 20, 1847) was a United States representative and lawyer from Georgia.

Born near Louisville, in 1787, Gamble studied law, was admitted to the state bar in 1815 and began practicing law in Louisville. He was an officer in the War of 1812. Gamble served in the Georgia House of Representatives in 1814 and 1815.

Gamble was elected in 1832 as a Jacksonian to the 23rd United States Congress and served one term from March 4, 1833, until March 3, 1835, as he unsuccessfully ran for reelection in 1834. He was elected to the U.S. House again as a Whig to represent Georgia in the 27th U.S. Congress and served one term from March 4, 1841, until March 3, 1843, as his lost his reelection bid for a second term in that seat in 1842. From 1845 to 1847, Gamble served as a judge of the superior court of Georgia. He died in Augusta, Georgia, on December 20, 1847, and was buried in Old Capitol Cemetery in Louisville.

23rd United States Congress
The 23rd United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1833, to March 4, 1835, during the fifth and sixth years of Andrew Jackson's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1830 United States census. The Senate had an Anti-Jacksonian or National Republican majority, and the House had a Jacksonian or Democratic majority.
Sapium
Sapium is a genus of flowering plants in the family Euphorbiaceae. It is widespread across most of Latin America and the West Indies. Many Old World species were formerly included in the genus, but recent authors have redistributed all the Old World species into other genera.

Species are known commonly as milktrees.

Old World
The "Old World" (Latin: Mundus vetus) is a term for Afro-Eurasia coined by Europeans after 1493, when they became aware of the existence of the Americas. It is used to contrast the continents of Africa, Europe, and Asia in the Eastern Hemisphere, previously thought of by the Europeans as the entire world, with the "New World", a term for the newly encountered lands of the Western Hemisphere, particularly the Americas.
Tragic Week (Argentina)
Tragic Week (Spanish: Semana Trágica), also known as Bloody Week, was a series of riots and massacres that took place in Buenos Aires, Argentina, from January 7 to 14, 1919. An uprising led by anarchists and communists was eventually crushed by the Argentine Federal Police, the military, and the Argentine Patriotic League. Estimates of the death toll vary but are usually in the hundreds, mostly of workers at the hands of the government forces.

Armed Forces of the Argentine Republic
The Armed Forces of the Argentine Republic (Spanish: Fuerzas Armadas de la República Argentina) are the combined armed forces of Argentina. It is controlled by the Commander-in-Chief (the President) and a civilian Minister of Defense. In addition to the Army, Navy and Air Force, there are two security forces, controlled by the Ministry of Security, which can be mobilized on occasion of an armed conflict: the National Gendarmerie, a gendarmerie used to guard borders and places of strategic importance; and the Naval Prefecture, a coast guard used to protect internal major rivers and maritime territory.

Traditionally, Argentina maintains close defense cooperation and military-supply relationships with the United States  and to a lesser extent, with Israel, Canada, Germany, France, Spain, Belarus, Italy, and Russia.

As of 2024, the current Chief of the General Staff is the Air Force Brigadier General Xavier Isaac.
101st Infantry Regiment (PA)
The 101st Infantry Regiment was a military unit of the Philippine Army organized during the early stages of World War II. It was composed primarily of Filipino soldiers from Mindanao, but it also included several officers from Luzon and the Moros region and a number of American soldiers assigned to command and train the regiment. The unit became known for its defense of the Davao province in late 1941 and early 1942, where it successfully delayed Japanese advances toward Kabacan for nearly four months, from December 1941 until April 1942.

Philippine Army
The Philippine Army (PA) (Filipino: Hukbong Katihan ng Pilipinas) is the main, oldest and largest branch of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP), responsible for ground warfare. As of 2025, it had an estimated strength of 110,000 personnel. The service branch was established on December 21, 1935, as the Army of the Philippines.

The Philippine Army has been engaged in numerous combat operations, including the ongoing Communist rebellion in the Philippines, the Moro conflict and, alongside other national military forces, in conflicts of international scope and on United Nations peacekeeping missions in various parts of the globe.

The Commanding General of the Philippine Army is its professional and overall head. Its main headquarters (Headquarters Philippine Army or HPA) is located at Fort Andres Bonifacio, Taguig City.
1984 French Open
The 1984 French Open was a tennis tournament that took place on the outdoor clay courts at the Stade Roland Garros in Paris, France. The tournament was held from 28 May until 10 June. It was the 83rd staging of the French Open, and the first Grand Slam tennis event of 1984.

The event was part of the 1984 Volvo Grand Prix and 1984 Virginia Slims World Championship Series.

Stade Roland Garros
Stade Roland Garros (French pronunciation: [stad ʁɔlɑ̃ ɡaʁos]; 'Roland Garros Stadium') is a complex of tennis courts, including stadiums, located in Paris that hosts the French Open. That tournament, also known as Roland Garros, is a major tennis championship played annually in late May and early June. The complex is named after Roland Garros (1888–1918), a pioneering French aviator, and was constructed in 1928 to host France's first defence of the Davis Cup.

The 13.5-hectare (34-acre) complex contains twenty courts, including three large-capacity stadiums; Les Jardins de Roland Garros, a large restaurant and bar complex; Le Village, the press and VIP area; France's National Training Centre (CNE); and the Tenniseum, a bilingual, multimedia museum of the history of tennis.
Suurberg Pass
Suurberg Pass (lit. transl. sour mountain) is traverses the Suurberg range in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa, on the regional road R335, between Coerney and Somerset East. The pass hugs the western edge of the Nyati section of the Addo Elephant National Park.

Addo Elephant National Park
Addo Elephant National Park (AENP) is a diverse wildlife conservation park situated close to Gqeberha in South Africa and is one of the country's 20 national parks. It currently ranks third in size after Kruger National Park and the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park.
Tour de Hokkaido
The Tour de Hokkaido is an annual professional road bicycle racing stage race held in Hokkaido, Japan since 1987 as part of the UCI Asia Tour. It is rated by the International Cycling Union (UCI) as a 2.2 category race.

The event for 2018 was canceled due to the earthquake which occurred the day before the race.  In 2020 and 2021, the race was canceled due to COVID-19 pandemic.

In 2023, a traffic accident that caused the death of a participant forced the interruption of the 1st stage in midway and the cancellation of the following stages of the event.

2018 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi earthquake
An earthquake measuring 6.6 Mw on the moment magnitude scale struck Iburi Subprefecture in southern Hokkaido, Japan, on 6 September 2018 at 3:08 a.m. JST. The earthquake's epicenter was near Tomakomai and occurred at a depth of 35.0 kilometers (21.7 mi). The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) registered a magnitude of 6.7 Mj and a maximum intensity of 7 on the shindo scale.
Shaking from the earthquake was felt strongly in Hokkaido and Aomori Prefecture, and shaking was felt as far away as the Kantō region. Long period ground motion (LPGM) during the earthquake reached maximum of class 4 on the JMA LPGM intensity scales. The earthquake disrupted electrical service throughout Hokkaido, leaving 5.3 million residents without power. Forty-one people were confirmed dead and six hundred and ninety-one were injured. The event is officially known as Heisei san-jū-nen Hokkaidō Iburi tōbu jishin (平成30年北海道胆振東部地震; "Hokkaido Eastern Iburi Earthquake of Heisei 30").
Antonio Moreno
Antonio Garrido Monteagudo (September 26, 1887 – February 15, 1967), better known as Antonio Moreno or Tony Moreno, was a Spanish-born American actor and film director of the silent film era and through the 1950s.

Williston Northampton School
Williston Northampton School (simply referred to as Williston) is a private, co-educational, day and boarding college-preparatory school in Easthampton, Massachusetts, United States. It was established in 1841.
Sender Unknown
Sender Unknown is a science fiction novel for young adults by Sallie Lowenstein. It was first published as a hardback by Lion Stone Books in 2002, and later published as a paperback by Scholastic Inc. in 2006.

Scholastic Corporation
Scholastic Corporation is an American multinational publishing, education, and media company that publishes and distributes books, comics, and educational materials for schools, teachers, parents, children, and other educational institutions. Products are distributed via retail and online sales and through schools via reading clubs and book fairs. Clifford the Big Red Dog, a character created by Norman Bridwell in 1963, is the mascot of Scholastic.
Chungmu-ro
Chungmuro (Korean: 충무로) is an avenue 1.75 km (1.09 mi) in length and 10 to 20 m (33 to 66 ft) in width and the area nearby, located in Jung District, Seoul, South Korea. Since the 1960s, Chungmuro has been known as the street of culture, artists, and the film industry. Dansungsa, the first movie theater of Korea, established in 1907, is also situated in the area, then known by its Japanese name, Honmachi. Since 1974, Jongno 3(sam)-ga station has become the nearest station around. Chungmuro was named after Chungmugong, the posthumous title of Korean Admiral Yi Sun-shin, which means "martial duke of loyalty." The last syllable "ro" refers to road in Korean.

Jongno 3(sam)-ga station
Jongno 3(sam)-ga Station (Korean: 종로3가역) is an underground station on lines 1, 3 and 5 of the Seoul Subway in South Korea.

In December 2010 the station is recorded as having the fifth highest WiFi data consumption of all the Seoul Metropolitan Subway stations, following Express Bus Terminal Station, Sadang Station, Dongdaemun Station and Jamsil Station.
Galbulimima
Galbulimima is a genus of flowering plants and the sole genus of the family Himantandraceae. One species of the family is found in the tropical zones of eastern Malaysia, the Moluccas, the Celebes, New Guinea, northern Australia and the Solomon Islands.

Being classified in the magnoliids, this family is part of neither the monocots nor the eudicots and is related to families such as the Annonaceae, the Degeneriaceae, the Eupomatiaceae and the Magnoliaceae.

The genus comprises from 1 to 3 species, according to different authorities, but Kew's authoritative Plants of the World Online recognises only Galbulimima belgraveana.

Magnoliaceae
The Magnoliaceae (/mæɡˌnoʊliˈeɪsii/) are a flowering plant family, the magnolia family,  in the order Magnoliales. It consists of two genera: Magnolia and Liriodendron (tulip trees).

Unlike most angiosperms, whose flower parts are in whorls (rings), the Magnoliaceae have their stamens and pistils in spirals on a conical receptacle. This arrangement is found in some fossil plants and is believed to be a basal or early condition for angiosperms. The flowers also have parts not distinctly differentiated into sepals and petals, while angiosperms that evolved later tend to have distinctly differentiated sepals and petals. The poorly differentiated perianth parts that occupy both positions are known as tepals.

The family has about 219 species and ranges across subtropical eastern North America, Mexico and Central America, the West Indies, tropical South America, southern and eastern India, Sri Lanka, Indochina, Malesia, China, Japan, and Korea.