hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Biyik
Biyik is a surname. Notable people with this surname include

André Kana-Biyik (born 1965), former Cameroonian footballer

Enzo Kana-Biyik (born 2007), French professional footballer

François Omam-Biyik (born 1966), Cameroonian footballer manager

Jean-Armel Kana-Biyik (born 1989), professional footballer

Oğuzhan Bıyık (born 1986), Turkish footballer

François Omam-Biyik
François Omam-Biyik (born 21 May 1966) is a Cameroonian football manager and former player who works as assistant manager of Cameroon.

A forward, he was one of the most important players of the Cameroon national team in the nineties, playing at the three World Cups in 1990, 1994 and 1998. He played 73 international matches in total.
Somnath Chopra
Somnath "Nat" Singh Chopra (1915 – 13 April 1988) was an Indian athlete and volleyball player who represented the India national volleyball team. He competed in the men's hammer throw at the 1948 Summer Olympics.

Athletics at the 1948 Summer Olympics – Men's hammer throw
The men's hammer throw event was part of the track and field athletics programme at the 1948 Summer Olympics. The competition was held on July 31. There were 24 competitors from 17 nations. The maximum number of athletes per nation had been set at 3 since the 1930 Olympic Congress. The final was won by Imre Németh of Hungary. It was the nation's first medal in the men's hammer throw. Ivan Gubijan of Yugoslavia took silver; that nation also earned its first medal in the event. Robert Bennett of the United States received the bronze medal, returning the American team to the podium after a one-Games absence.
Portmanteau test
A portmanteau test is a type of statistical hypothesis test in which the null hypothesis is well specified, but the alternative hypothesis is more loosely specified. Tests constructed in this context can have the property of being at least moderately powerful against a wide range of departures from the null hypothesis. Thus, in applied statistics, a portmanteau test provides a reasonable way of proceeding as a general check of a model's match to a dataset where there are many different ways in which the model may depart from the underlying data generating process. The use of such tests avoids having to be very specific about the particular type of departure being tested.

Power (statistics)
In frequentist statistics, power is the probability of detecting an effect (i.e. rejecting the null hypothesis) given that some prespecified effect actually exists using a given test in a given context. In typical use, it is a function of the specific test that is used (including the choice of test statistic and significance level), the sample size (more data tends to provide more power), and the effect size (effects or correlations that are large relative to the variability of the data tend to provide more power).

More formally, in the case of a simple hypothesis test with two hypotheses, the power of the test is the probability that the test correctly rejects the null hypothesis () when the alternative hypothesis () is true. It is commonly denoted by , where  is the probability of making a type II error (a false negative) conditional on there being a true effect or association.
Problem Video Game Playing Questionnaire
The Problem Video Game Playing Questionnaire  (or PVP Questionnaire) is a scale measured by using a survey containing nine yes-or-no questions. It is designed to measure the disorder commonly referred to as video game addiction. The creators of the scale and accompanying survey are Dr. Ricardo Tejeiro-Salguero, a researcher at the University of Liverpool, and Dr. Rosa María Bersabé-Moran, a Psychology professor at the University of Málaga.

University of Málaga
The University of Málaga (UMA, Universidad de Málaga) is a public university ranked 23 among all Spanish universities and 683 in the world. It was established in 1972 and has, as of 2016, 30,203 Bachelor students and 2576 on a Master's program, 1255 tenured and 1056 temporary teachers. The UMA offers 65 degree courses and 6 double degrees, over 21 doctoral programmes, 64 master's Degrees, and 100 courses throughout the academic year. Education takes place in 18 centres by appointed teachers from 81 departments. The great majority of the teaching is organised within the two campuses, although classes also take place in locations spread around the city centre, as well as in Ronda and Antequera.
Lou Rowan
Louis Patrick "Lou" Rowan (2 May 1925 – 3 February 2017) was an Australian Test cricket umpire who umpired the first One Day International at the Melbourne Cricket Ground on 5 January 1971. He umpired 25 Test matches between 1963 and 1971 and became Australia's senior umpire after the retirement of Col Egar. A Detective Sergeant with the Queensland drug squad, Rowan took no nonsense on the field either and was inclined to stand on his authority. His first match was with Umpire Bill Smyth between Australia and England at Sydney on 11 January to 15 January 1963.

Sydney Cricket Ground
The Sydney Cricket Ground (SCG) is a sports stadium in the Moore Park suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. It is used for Test, One Day International and Twenty20 cricket, as well as, Australian rules football and occasionally for rugby league, rugby union and association football. It is the home ground for the New South Wales Blues cricket team, the Sydney Sixers of the Big Bash League and the Sydney Swans of the Australian Football League. It is owned and operated by Venues NSW, an agency of the Government of New South Wales who also hold responsibility for Stadium Australia and the Sydney Football Stadium.
Conila District
Conila is a district of the Peruvian Luya Province of the Amazonas Region. Conila offers several attractive places for tourists such as the ruins of the culture Chachapoya. Many fruits grow in the zone.

As of 2003, Conila was the last place where Chachapoyas Quechua is still spoken by all ages.

The management holidays of the provincial capital Bribe are celebrated on June 24, and in Conila on June 16. Typical meals there are the Candy stick, the Stew and the Nickname.

In the north the Conila borders the District of Jamalca, in the East, the Saint's District Catalina and the District of Luya Viejo. In the south it borders the District of Lonya Chico and the District of Ocalli and in the west, the District of Camporredondo.

Department of Amazonas (Peru)
Amazonas (Spanish pronunciation: [amaˈsonas])  is a department of Peru. Located in the country's north, it is bordered by Ecuador on the north and west, Cajamarca on the west, La Libertad on the south, and Loreto and San Martín on the east. It is administered by a regional government. Its capital is the city of Chachapoyas.

With a landscape of steep river gorges and mountains, Amazonas is the location of Kuelap, a huge stone fortress enclosing more than 400 stone structures; it was built on a mountain about 3,000 meters high, starting about 500 AD and was occupied to the mid-16th century. It is one of Peru's major archeological sites.
Margaret of Mar, 31st Countess of Mar
Margaret Alison of Mar, 31st Countess of Mar (born 19 September 1940), is a Scottish hereditary peer and politician. She was a crossbench member of the House of Lords from 1975 to 2020 and was one of 92 hereditary peers elected to remain in the Lords in 1999. She is the holder of the original earldom of Mar, the oldest peerage title in the United Kingdom. She is the only suo jure countess and was the only female hereditary peer in the House of Lords from 2014 to 2020. She is also a farmer and former specialist goats cheesemaker in Great Witley, Worcestershire.

Great Witley
Great Witley is a village and civil parish in the Malvern Hills District in the northwest of the county of Worcestershire, England. It is situated around ten miles to the north west of the city of Worcester. The parish had a population of 743 in 2021.

The civil parish shares a group parish council with Hillhampton, known as the Great Witley and Hillhampton Parish Council.
Mir-672 microRNA precursor family
In molecular biology mir-672 microRNA is a short RNA molecule. MicroRNAs function to regulate the expression levels of other genes by several mechanisms.

miR-672 is underexpressed in neuroblastoma cells and has been associated with cancer pathways. It has further been identified as one of six miRNAs significantly downregulated in dorsal root ganglia following sciatic nerve entrapment. Additionally, miR-672 has been found to be X-linked and to show preferential expression in testes and ovaries.

Dorsal root ganglion
A dorsal root ganglion (or spinal ganglion; also known as a posterior root ganglion) is a cluster of neurons (a ganglion) in a dorsal root of a spinal nerve. The cell bodies of sensory neurons, known as first-order neurons, are located in the dorsal root ganglia.

The axons of dorsal root ganglion neurons are known as afferents. In the peripheral nervous system, afferents refer to the axons that relay sensory information into the central nervous system (i.e., the brain and the spinal cord).
Suam na mais
Suam na mais is a Filipino corn soup with leafy vegetables (like moringa, bitter melon, or Malabar spinach leaves), and pork and/or shrimp. It originates from the province of Pampanga. It is also known as ginisang mais in Tagalog and sinabawang mais in the Visayan languages. It is served hot, usually during the rainy season.

Moringa oleifera
Moringa oleifera is a short-lived, fast-growing, drought-resistant tree of the family Moringaceae, native to northern India and used extensively in South and Southeast Asia. Common names include moringa, drumstick tree (from the long, slender, triangular seed-pods), horseradish tree (from the taste of the roots, which resembles horseradish), or malunggay (as known in maritime or archipelagic areas in Asia).

It is widely cultivated for its young seed pods and leaves, used as vegetables and for traditional herbal medicine. It is also used for water purification.
Abraham Owen
Abraham Owen or Abram Owen (1769–1811) was born in Prince Edward County, Virginia, in 1769. He moved to Kentucky in 1785.

Owen served in the wars with the Native Americans under generals James Wilkinson and Arthur St. Clair in 1791, and served with colonel John Hardin.

Owen was surveyor of Shelby County, Kentucky, in 1796. He was in the Kentucky Legislature in 1798, and a member of the state constitutional convention the next year.

Owen served as a colonel and as aide-de-camp to William Henry Harrison at the Battle of Tippecanoe, where he was killed in 1811.

The city now known as Owensboro, Kentucky established itself in 1817 with the name "Owensborough," in honor of Owen. Two years later, in 1819, counties in Kentucky and Indiana were formed and named for him.

Shelby County, Kentucky
Shelby County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 48,065. Its county seat is Shelbyville. The county was established in 1792 and named for Isaac Shelby, the first Governor of Kentucky.
Shelby County is part of the Louisville/Jefferson County, KY–IN Metropolitan Statistical Area. Shelby County's motto is "Good Land, Good Living, Good People".
Fujitsu A64FX
The A64FX is a 64-bit ARM architecture microprocessor designed by Fujitsu. The processor is replacing the SPARC64 XIfx as Fujitsu's processor for supercomputer applications. It powers the Fugaku supercomputer, the fastest TOP500 supercomputer in the world between the June of both 2020 and 2022, being first surpassed by the Frontier.

Frontier (supercomputer)
Hewlett Packard Enterprise Frontier, or OLCF-5, is the world's first exascale supercomputer. It is hosted at the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility (OLCF) in Tennessee, United States, and became operational in 2022. As of November 2024, Frontier is the third fastest supercomputer in the world. It is based on the Cray EX and is the successor to Summit (OLCF-4). Frontier achieved an Rmax of 1.102 exaFLOPS, which is 1.102 quintillion floating-point operations per second, using AMD CPUs and GPUs.

Measured at 62.86 gigaflops/watt, the smaller Frontier TDS (test and development system) topped the Green500 list for most efficient supercomputer until it was dethroned in efficiency by the Flatiron Institute's Henri supercomputer in November 2022.

Frontier was superseded as the fastest supercomputer in the world by El Capitan in November 2024.
Jane Adams (writer)
Jane Adams (born 1960 in Leicester) is a British writer of psychological thrillers, and has published more than thirty novels.

Her first book, The Greenway, was nominated for a John Creasey Award in 1995 and received an Authors' Club Best First Novel Award.

Adams has a degree in sociology, was once lead vocalist in a folk rock band and is married with two children. She lives in Leicester. Adams teaches at De Montfort University. She is a Royal Literary Fund fellow.

Royal Literary Fund
The Royal Literary Fund (RLF) is a benevolent fund that gives assistance to published British writers in financial difficulties. Founded in 1790, and granted a royal charter in 1818, the Fund has helped an extensive roll of authors through its long history, from the most famous to the most obscure, whose cases are judged to be deserving. It also operates a Fellowship scheme, placing established writers in universities to encourage writing skills, and to monitor standards of writing in the higher education world.
Detwah Lagoon
Detwah Lagoon (Arabic: ديطواح لاجون, also transliterated Ditwah Lagoon) is a lagoon on the coast of Socotra, Yemen. Located on the island's northwest coast near Qalansiyah, the saline lagoon connects to the Gulf of Aden, from which it is separated by a spit. It has been designated as a protected Ramsar site since 2007.

Spit (landform)
A spit or sandspit is a deposition bar or beach landform off coasts or lake shores. It develops in places where re-entrance occurs, such as at a cove's headlands, by the process of longshore drift by longshore currents. The drift occurs because waves meet the beach at an oblique angle, moving sediment down the beach in a zigzag pattern. This is complemented by longshore currents, which further transport sediment through the water alongside the beach. These currents are caused by the same waves that cause the drift.
Old Berg Church
Old Berg Church (Norwegian: Berg gamle kirke) is a historic parish church of the Church of Norway in Larvik Municipality in Vestfold county, Norway. It is located in the village of Berg. It is the former church for the Berg parish which is part of the Larvik prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Tunsberg. Now, it is a preserved church that is occasionally used by the parish, but it has not been in regular use since 1878. The gray and brown stone church was built in a long church design around the year 1100 using plans drawn up by an unknown architect. The church seats about 122 people.

Diocese of Tunsberg
Tunsberg is a diocese of the Church of Norway. It includes all of the parishes located within the counties of Vestfold and Buskerud, with the cathedral located in the city of Tønsberg. The Diocese of Tunsberg consists of the cathedral deanery and eight rural deaneries.
Marasmius munyozii
Marasmius munyozii is a species of fungus in the large agaric genus Marasmius. It is found in Chile, where it grows on dead grass leaves. The cap is white, with a pale cinnamon-ochraceous colored center and a slightly grooved margin. The fungus was described as new to science in 1969 by mycologist Rolf Singer.

Agaric
An agaric (/ˈæɡərɪk, əˈɡærɪk/) is a type of fungal fruiting body characterized by the presence of a pileus (cap) that is clearly differentiated from the stipe (stalk), with lamellae (gills) on the underside of the pileus. It is a type of mushroom (or toadstool), the diverse group of agarics being lumped together as gilled mushrooms. "Agaric" can also refer more generally to any basidiomycete species characterized by an agaric-type fruiting body.
Strichen
Strichen is a village in Aberdeenshire, Scotland. It sits on the A981, connecting it to New Deer 7.2 miles (12 km) to the southwest and Fraserburgh 8 miles (13 km) to the north-northeast, and the B9093, connecting it to New Pitsligo about 4 miles (6.4 km) due west. The village was founded in 1764, as the village of Mormond, by Alexander Fraser, (Lord Strichen). It is situated on the River Ugie at the foothills of Mormond Hill. The Strichen White Horse is constructed of quartz on Mormond Hill, some 1,500 m (1,600 yd) northeast of Strichen.

Fraserburgh
Fraserburgh (/ˈfreɪzərbərə/; Scottish Gaelic: Baile nam Frisealach), locally known as the Broch, is a town in Aberdeenshire, Scotland, with a population recorded in the 2011 Census as 13,100. It lies in Buchan in the northeastern corner of the county, about 40 miles (64 km) north of Aberdeen and 17 miles (27 km) north of Peterhead. It is the biggest shellfish port in Scotland and one of the largest in Europe, landing over 5,450 tonnes (5,360 long tons; 6,010 short tons) in 2016. Fraserburgh is also a major port for white and pelagic fish.
Calymmian
The Calymmian (from Ancient Greek: κάλυμμα, romanized: kálymma, meaning 'cover') is the first geologic period in the Mesoproterozoic Era, lasting from 1600 to 1400 million years ago (Ma) and spanning 200 million years. It follows the Statherian Period from the Paleoproterozoic Era, and precedes the Ectasian Period. Instead of being based on stratigraphy, these dates are defined chronometrically.

The period is characterised by the expansion of existing platform covers, and by new platforms forming on basements that were recently cratonized.

The supercontinent of Columbia started to break up during the Calymmian some 1500 Mya. The Volyn biota have also been dated to 1500 Mya.

Basement (geology)
In geology, basement and crystalline basement are crystalline rocks lying above the mantle and beneath all other rocks and sediments. They are sometimes exposed at the surface, but often they are buried under miles of rock and sediment. The basement rocks lie below a sedimentary platform or cover, or more generally any rock below sedimentary rocks or sedimentary basins that are metamorphic or igneous in origin. In the same way, the sediments or sedimentary rocks on top of the basement can be called a "cover" or "sedimentary cover".

Basement rock consists of continental crustal rock which has been modified several times through tectonic events including deformation, metamorphism, deposition, partial melting and magmatism.
Nasreddine Megdich
Nasreddine Megdich (born 29 August 1991) is a Qatari handball player for Al Rayyan and the Qatari national team.

He participated at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, in the men's handball tournament.

Al Rayyan SC (handball)
Al Rayyan Handball Team (Arabic: الريان لكرة اليد فريق) is the handball team of Al Rayyan Sports Club, a multisport club based in Omm Alafai in the city of Al Rayyan, Qatar. It currently competes in the Qatar Handball League (QHL). The team was officially founded in 1978, eleven years after the sports club was founded.

The team has previously won the continental championship, the Asian Club League Handball Championship, on one occasion in 2012 and came runners-up in the next edition to Qatari club El Jaish.
Dinesh Parmar
Dinesh Parmar is an Indian politician and medical doctor. Parmar hails from Jamnagar. He graduated from M.P. Shah Medical College. He was named Minister of State of the Gujarat government in 1991.

Parmar was elected to the Gujarat Legislative Assembly in 1990 (as a Janata Dal candidate), 1995 (as an Indian National Congress candidate) and 2012. He was defeated in the 1998 and 2007 elections.

Parmar was fielded by Congress for the Kachchh seat in the 2014 Indian general election.

He was one of 57 Congress MLAs suspended for wearing slogans against Bharatiya Janata Party president Amit Shah.

Kachchh Lok Sabha constituency
Kachchh Lok Sabha constituency (formerly Kutch Lok Sabha constituency) is one of the 26 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Gujarat state in western India. Kachchh is the third largest constituency in India, with an area of 45,652 km2. It is larger than Denmark.
Filippo Berto
Filippo Berto (born 12 February 1978) is an Italian professor and engineer, who works on fracture and fatigue mechanics at the Sapienza University of Rome. He is the vice president of the European Structural Integrity Society.

Berto received the Order of the Star of Italy in 2021 and multiple awards from the European Structural Integrity Society. Berto has held significant international positions, including a chair at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology and was a Distinguished Changjiang Chair Professor at Xi'an Jiaotong University from 2020 to 2023.

According to Scopus, in 2021, Berto published 179 articles, approximately an article every two days. He is in the list of 2% top scientist released by Stanford University with 1,216 peer-reviewed articles and 26,341 citations, as of April 2024. Despite his contributions, in 2024, Berto's work has faced scrutiny for questionable practices, leading to retractions and loss of editorial board positions.

Scientific misconduct
Scientific misconduct refers to violations of ethical and professional standards in research, including fabrication, falsification, plagiarism, and other practices that compromise the integrity of the design, conduct, analysis, reporting, or publication of scientific or research findings.
Keyon
Keyon is a given name. Notable people with the given name include:

Keyon Dooling (born 1980), American basketball player

Keyon Harrold (born 1980), American jazz trumpeter, vocalist, songwriter and producer

Keyon Martin (born 2001), American football player

Keyon Nash (born 1979), American football player

Keyon Whiteside (born 1980), American football player

Keyon Whiteside
Keyon Shontel Whiteside (born January 31, 1980) is an American former professional football player who was a linebacker in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Tennessee Volunteers and was selected by the Indianapolis Colts in the fifth round of the 2003 NFL draft.
John But
John But or Butte (fl. 1402–1425), of St Gennys, Cornwall was an English politician.

He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Barnstaple in 1402, for Bodmin in May 1413 and November 1414, for Liskeard in 1417 and for Truro 1422 and 1425.

St Gennys
St Gennys (Standard Written Form: S. Gwynnas) is a coastal civil parish and small settlement in north Cornwall, England, United Kingdom.

The village of St Gennys is about seven miles (11 km) southwest of Bude. It is on high ground half-a-mile north of the coastal village of Crackington Haven, the major settlement in the parish. The only other settlements of any size in the parish are Middle Crackington and Higher Crackington both of which are southeast of Crackington Haven, half-a-mile and one mile distant respectively. The population of the parish at the 2011 census was 873.
Urbano Lugo
Rafael Urbano Lugo Colina (born August 12, 1962) is a Venezuelan former professional baseball player. He played in Major League Baseball as a pitcher from 1985 through 1990. Listed at 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m), 185 pounds (84 kg), he batted and threw right handed.

Venezuelans
Venezuelans (Spanish: venezolanos) are the citizens identified with the country of Venezuela. This connection may be through citizenship, descent or cultural. For most Venezuelans, many or all of these connections exist and are the source of their Venezuelan citizenship or their bond to Venezuela.

Venezuela is a diverse and multilingual country, home to a melting pot of people of distinct origins. As a result, many Venezuelans do not regard their nationality with ethnicity, but with citizenship or allegiance. From the 1820s to 1930s Venezuela received 2.1 million European immigrants, the third most in Latin America, behind Argentina and Brazil.