hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Eileen Friel
Eileen Dolores Friel is an American astronomer specializing in the metallicity of star clusters. She is a former director of the Maria Mitchell Observatory and Lowell Observatory, and a professor emeritus of astronomy at Indiana University.

Metallicity
In astronomy, metallicity is the abundance of elements present in an object that are heavier than hydrogen and helium. Most of the normal currently detectable (i.e. non-dark) matter in the universe is either hydrogen or helium, and astronomers use the word metals as convenient shorthand for all elements except hydrogen and helium. This word-use is distinct from the conventional chemical or physical definition of a metal as an electrically conducting element. Stars and nebulae with relatively high abundances of heavier elements are called metal-rich when discussing metallicity, even though many of those elements are called nonmetals in chemistry.
Lars Veldwijk
Lars Veldwijk (born 21 August 1991) is a professional soccer player who plays as a striker for UAE First Division League club Emirates. Born in the Netherlands, he represented the South Africa national team.

Emirates Club
Emirates Club (Arabic: نادي الإمارات) is a professional football club based in the city of Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates. They play in the UAE Pro League after being promoted from the UAE First Division League. They play their home games at the Emirates Club Stadium.
Hotel Kimball
The Kimball Towers Condominiums (originally known as The Hotel Kimball and later The Sheraton-Kimball Hotel) is a historic former hotel, located in Springfield, Massachusetts, at 140 Chestnut Street, in Metro Center's Apremont Triangle Historic District. Designed by architect Albert Winslow Cobb in 1910 and constructed in the Renaissance Revival style, The Hotel Kimball is famous as the site of the United States' first-ever commercial radio station, Westinghouse's WBZ, and also for hosting celebrated guests, including many U.S. Presidents, dignitaries, and film stars. The Kimball is located in the Apremont Triangle Historic District, with its main entrance on Chestnut Street, between Bridge and Hillman Streets. Since 1983, the Kimball has been protected by the Apremont Triangle Historic District, which is on the National Register of Historic Places.

Sheraton Hotels and Resorts
Sheraton Hotels and Resorts is an American international hotel chain owned by Marriott International. As of December 2024, Sheraton operates 431 hotels with 150,640 rooms globally, including locations in North America, Africa, Asia-Pacific, Central and South America, Europe, the Middle East and the Caribbean.
Scrobipalpa salinella
Scrobipalpa salinella, the sea-aster groundling, is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found Europe, along the coast and in inland halophytic habitats. In the east, the range extends through Siberia and Central Asia to Mongolia. It is also found in North Africa.

The wingspan is 11–15 mm (0.43–0.59 in). Adults have been recorded on wing from June to September.

The larvae feed on Salicornia fruticosa (syn. Arthrocnemum fruticosum), Arthrocaulon macrostachyum (syn. Arthrocnemum macrostachyum) and Salicornia europaea. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Halophyte
A halophyte is a salt-tolerant plant that grows in soil or waters of high salinity, coming into contact with saline water through its roots or by salt spray, such as in saline semi-deserts, mangrove swamps, marshes and sloughs, and seashores. The word derives from Ancient Greek ἅλας (halas) 'salt' and φυτόν (phyton) 'plant'. Halophytes have different anatomy, physiology and biochemistry than glycophytes. An example of a halophyte is the salt marsh grass Spartina alterniflora (smooth cordgrass). Relatively few plant species are halophytes—perhaps only 2% of all plant species.

The large majority of plant species are glycophytes, which are not salt-tolerant and are damaged fairly easily by high salinity.
The Robots of Death
The Robots of Death is the fifth serial of the 14th season of the British science fiction television series Doctor Who, which was first broadcast in four weekly parts on BBC1 from 29 January to 19 February 1977.

In the serial, the Fourth Doctor (Tom Baker) and Leela (Louise Jameson) arrive on a sandminer whose crew, from a robot-dependent civilisation, are being murdered.

Influenced by the works of Agatha Christie, Isaac Asimov and Frank Herbert, The Robots of Death was the second script written for the series by Chris Boucher, Philip Hinchcliffe's penultimate story as producer, and Michael E. Briant's final contribution to the series as a director. It has been described by Radio Times as a "fan favourite", "suspenseful" and "beautifully designed" serial featuring Tom Baker "in his prime". It was chosen to represent the era of the Fourth Doctor at the British Film Institute's 50th anniversary celebration of Doctor Who.

Science fiction on television
Science fiction (Sci-fi) first appeared in television programming in the late 1930s, during what is called the Golden Age of Science Fiction. Special effects and other production techniques allow creators to present a living visual image of an imaginary world not limited by the constraints of reality.
Lusitanian mythology
Lusitanian mythology is the mythology of the Lusitanians, the Indo-European-speaking people that inhabited the westernmost portion of the Iberian Peninsula, in what became known as Lusitania following its conquest by Rome. In present times, the territory comprises the central part of Portugal and small parts of Extremadura in northwest Spain.

Lusitanian deities heavily influenced all of the religious practices in western Iberia, including Gallaecia, with their beliefs and practices becoming intermingled with those of the Roman gods as part of the romanization of the peninsula. Recently, a Vasconian substrate is starting to be recognized.

Lusitanian Wars
The Lusitanian Wars, called Pyrinos Polemos ("the Fiery War") in Greek, were wars of resistance fought by the Lusitanian tribes of Hispania Ulterior against the advancing legions of the Roman Republic from 155 to 139 BC. The Lusitanians revolted in 155 BC, and again in 146 BC and were pacified. In 154 BC, a long war in Hispania Citerior, known as the Numantine War, was begun by the Celtiberians. It lasted until 133 and is an important event in the integration of what would become Portugal into the Roman and Latin-speaking world.
Sleeve valve (water)
A sleeve valve is a device typically used in a water supply or distribution system when there is a need to reduce high pressure or  throttle flow. The sleeve valve consists of a cylindrical gate (tube) which slides over an inner sleeve.  The inner sleeve consists of a series of nozzles specifically sized and arranged to provide a solution to cavitation issues frequently encountered in throttling applications with other valve types.  Because of its design, it minimizes cavitation.  Cavitation that does occur in severe throttling conditions is directed from the valve down to the center of the valve or pipe so that no erosion damage to the piping can take place.

Nozzle
A nozzle is a device designed to control the direction or characteristics of a fluid flow (specially to increase velocity) as it exits (or enters) an enclosed chamber or pipe.

A nozzle is often a pipe or tube of varying cross sectional area, and it can be used to direct or modify the flow of a fluid (liquid or gas). Nozzles are frequently used to control the rate of flow, speed, direction, mass, shape, and/or the pressure of the stream that emerges from them. In a nozzle, the velocity of fluid increases at the expense of its pressure energy.
IBM 2365 Processor Storage
The IBM 2365 Processor Storage is  a magnetic-core memory storage unit that is a component of the IBM System/360 models 65, 67, 75 and 85 computers, which were released between 1965 and 1968.

Storage is implemented using magnetic cores with a storage width of 72 bits, which comprise 64 data bits (8 bytes, or one doubleword) plus 8 parity bits. The IBM 2365 model 1 contains 131,072 (128 K) bytes of memory; all other models contain 262,144 (256 K) bytes. The model 2 could be converted in the field to a model 13.

All models other than the model 1 consist of two memory stacks.  Addressing for the stacks is interleaved, so the first 64-bit word is in one stack, the second in the other stack, and so forth.  This improves performance when doing sequential access.

All models other than the model 5 have a cycle time of 750 nanoseconds.

IBM System/360 Model 65
The IBM System/360 Model 65 is a member of the IBM System/360 family of computers.  It was announced April 1965, and replaced two models, the Model 60 and Model 62, announced one year prior but never shipped. It was discontinued in March 1974.
No Excuses (Alice in Chains song)
"No Excuses" is a song by American rock band Alice in Chains. It was released as the lead single from their third studio EP, Jar of Flies (1994). Written by guitarist and co-lead vocalist Jerry Cantrell, the song was well received by music critics and was a charting success, becoming the first Alice in Chains song to reach No. 1 on Billboard's Album Rock Tracks chart, spending a total of 26 weeks on the chart.

"No Excuses" was included on the greatest hits albums Nothing Safe: Best of the Box (1999) and Greatest Hits (2001), as well as on the box set Music Bank (1999) and on the compilation album The Essential Alice in Chains (2006). Alice In Chains performed an acoustic version of "No Excuses" for its appearance on MTV Unplugged in 1996, which marked the last time they performed the song with Layne Staley, and that version was included on the  band's Unplugged live album and home video release.

The Essential Alice in Chains
The Essential Alice in Chains is a two-disc compilation album by the rock band Alice in Chains, and part of Sony BMG's The Essential series. Originally scheduled to be released on March 30, 2004, it was delayed until September 5, 2006. The album was reissued in 2010 with different artwork. A DVD with the mockumentary The Nona Tapes came as a bonus disc with the compilation.
2005 AFC Cup
The 2005 AFC Cup was the second edition of the AFC Cup, played amongst clubs from nations of the AFC, who are considered to be 'developing countries' as per the 'Vision Asia' members paper of AFC President Mohamed Bin Hammam.

Al-Faisaly won the AFC Cup for the first time, beating Nejmeh 4–2 on aggregate in the final.

Al-Jaish were the defending champions but were unable to defend their title as Syria was promoted to a 'mature' status by the AFC, meaning its clubs would now compete in the AFC Champions League instead.

Al-Faisaly SC
Al-Faisaly Sports Club (Arabic: نادي الفيصلي الرياضي) is a Jordanian professional football club based in Amman. Founded in 1932, the club competes in the Jordanian Pro League, the top flight of Jordanian football. Nicknamed "the Blue Eagles", they were founded as Al-Ashbal Club in 1932 .

They won 85 official titles, 35 league titles, 21 Jordan FA Cups, 17 Jordan Super Cups, and 10 Jordan FA Shield s being the record holder for all these competitions,  and 2 AFC Cups. Their rivals are Al-Wehdat, a club formed by a Palestinian refugee camp in Amman.
105 Street, Edmonton
105 Street is an arterial road in Downtown Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. It starts across the North Saskatchewan River from Downtown, as one-way streets Walterdale Hill and Queen Elizabeth Park Road, which join and continue north on Walterdale Bridge.  At 100 Avenue, 105 Street becomes a two-way street, and continues through Downtown past MacEwan University.

Downtown Edmonton
Downtown Edmonton is the central business district of Edmonton, Alberta. Located at the geographical centre of the city, the downtown area is bounded by 109 Street to the west, 105 Avenue to the north, 97 Street to the east, 97 Avenue and Rossdale Road to the south, and the North Saskatchewan River to the southeast.

Surrounding neighbourhoods include Wîhkwêntôwin to the west, Queen Mary Park, Central McDougall and McCauley to the north, Boyle Street and Riverdale to the east, and Rossdale to the south.

The residents of Downtown Edmonton are represented by the Downtown Edmonton Community League, established in 1999, which runs a community hall at 100 Avenue and 103 Street.

The Edmonton Oilers' home arena, Rogers Place, is located in the north central part of downtown where it anchors the Ice District mixed-used development for sports and entertainment.
Ramón Blanco, 1st Marquess of Peña Plata
Ramón Blanco Erenas Riera y Polo, 1st Marquess of Peña Plata (September 15, 1833 – April 4, 1906) was a Spanish brigadier and colonial administrator. Born in San Sebastián, he was sent to the Caribbean in 1858 and governed Cuba and Santo Domingo. In 1861, he returned to Spain but was then sent to the Philippines (1866–1871).

Afterwards, he returned to Spain and served in the Third Carlist War, where he attained the rank of brigadier.  He served as captain-general of Navarre after taking part in the 1876 offensive in the valley of Baztan; he acquired his marquessate during this time.  He was sent to Cuba as captain-general in April 1879, and was involved in the Little War. He returned to Spain in November 1881 and served as Captain General of Catalonia and Extremadura.

Baztan (river)
The Baztan (Basque: Baztan, Spanish: Baztán) is a river in northern Spain. It is the main, right headwater of the river Bidasoa. Downstream from the confluence with the river Marin at Oronoz-Mugairi, it is called Bidasoa.
Comutagen
A comutagen is a substance that is not a mutagen by itself, but in the presence of a mutagen, enhances mutagenic activity. There are at least two manners by which this may occur; the comutagen may strengthen the mutagenic activity of mutagenic chemicals, or it can create a mutagenic response from nonmutagens. Chemicals such as harmane and norharmane (present in tobacco tar) have been identified as comutagens.

Harmane
Harmane, or harman, also known as 1-methyl-β-carboline, is a heterocyclic amine and β-carboline found in a variety of foods including coffee, sauces, and cooked meat.  It is also present in tobacco smoke.

Harmane is related to other alkaloids, harmine and harmaline, found in 1837 in the plant Peganum harmala. The name derives from the Arabic word for the plant, حَرْمَل (ḥarmal).

In humans, harmane is a potent tremor-producing neurotoxin. Harmane has been found to inhibit the early stages of the growth of the malaria parasite in the gut of mosquitoes infected by the bacterium Delftia tsuruhatensis, and can be absorbed by the mosquitoes upon contact.
Tidarren argo
Tidarren argo is a spider from Yemen. The species is remarkable by its male amputating one of its palps before maturation and entering his adult life with one palp only. It adopts exceptional copulatory behaviour: when the male achieves genitalia coupling with his palp, the latter is torn off by the female. The separated gonopod remains attached to the female's epigynum for approximately 4 hours and continues to function independently, serving as a mating plug. While this happens, the female feeds on the male. Emasculation thus synchronizes sexual cannibalism and sperm transfer, lengthening the interval between copulations. This mating behaviour might allow for the continuation of insemination by the dismembered palp.

Copulation (zoology)
In zoology, copulation is animal sexual behavior in which a male introduces sperm into the female's body, especially directly into the female's reproductive tract. This is an aspect of mating. Many aquatic animals use external fertilization, whereas internal fertilization may have developed from a need to maintain gametes in a liquid medium in the Late Ordovician epoch. Internal fertilization with many vertebrates (such as all reptiles, some fish, and most birds) occurs via cloacal copulation, known as cloacal kiss (see also hemipenis), while most mammals copulate vaginally, and many basal vertebrates reproduce sexually with external fertilization.
Mount Onna
26°28′43.968″N 127°52′28.9992″E﻿ / ﻿26.47888000°N 127.874722000°E﻿ / 26.47888000; 127.874722000
Mount Onna (恩納岳, Onna-dake; Kunigami: Unna-dakī, Okinawan: Unna-daki) is a mountain in Onna Village, Okinawa. It is the highest point in central Okinawa, standing at 363 metres (1,191 ft). The village of Onna was named after the mountain during the Gusuku period.

Kunigami language
Kunigami or Northern Okinawan (山原言葉, ヤンバルクトゥーバ, Yanbaru Kutūba) is a Ryukyuan language of Northern Okinawa Island in Kunigami District and city of Nago, otherwise known as the Yanbaru region, historically the territory of the kingdom of Hokuzan.

The Nakijin dialect is often considered representative of Kunigami, analogous to the Shuri-Naha dialect of Central Okinawan. The number of fluent native speakers of Kunigami is not known. As a result of Japanese language policy, the younger generation mostly speaks Japanese as their first language.
John Wishart (bishop)
John Wishart (died 1338) was a 14th-century bishop of Glasgow. He was archdeacon of Glasgow from 1321 or earlier. After the death of Bishop John de Lindesay in 1335, John was elected to succeed him at Glasgow, and was consecrated in February 1337 at the orders of Pope Benedict XII at Avignon by Annibald de Ceccano, bishop of Tusculum. His episcopate was extremely brief. His exact death date is not known, but we know that the see was again vacant on 11 May 1338. He was succeeded by William Rae.

Suburbicarian Diocese of Frascati
The Diocese of Frascati (Lat.: Tusculana) is a Latin suburbicarian see of the Diocese of Rome and a diocese of the Catholic Church in Italy, based at Frascati, near Rome. The bishop of Frascati is a Cardinal Bishop; from the Latin name of the area, the bishop has also been called Bishop of Tusculum. Tusculum was destroyed in 1191. The bishopric moved from Tusculum to Frascati, a nearby town which is first mentioned in the pontificate of Pope Leo IV. Until 1962, the Cardinal-Bishop was concurrently the diocesan bishop of the see. Pope John XXIII removed the Cardinal Bishops from any actual responsibility in their suburbicarian dioceses and made the title purely honorific.
Balhae controversies
The Balhae controversies involve disputes between China, Korea, Japan, and Russia, countries that have conducted studies on the historical state of Balhae (Bohai, Po-hai, Parhae). The Korean perspective generally considers Balhae to be the successor state of Goguryeo and part of the Northern and Southern States period of Korean history, while Chinese scholars generally consider Balhae to be a state of the Mohe people, a Tungusic ethnic group, and subordinate to the Tang dynasty (618––907). In Russian historiography, Balhae is recognized as the first highly organized independent state formation of the Tungus-Manchurian peoples.

Kim Pusik
Kim Pusik (Korean: 김부식; Hanja: 金富軾; 1075–1151) was a Korean calligrapher, military general, philosopher, poet, historian, and politician during the Goryeo period. He was a scion of the Silla royalty and a member of the Gyeongju Kim clan. Later he was the supreme chancellor from 1136 to 1142 and was in charge of the suppression of the Myoch'ŏng rebellion. Kim is best known for supervising the compilation of the Samguk sagi, the oldest extant written Korean history.
Harold E. Wagoner
Harold Eugene Wagoner (February 27, 1905 – April 23, 1986) was a prominent twentieth-century American ecclesiastical architect who designed many notable churches, including Coral Ridge Presbyterian and The National Presbyterian Church, as well as helping design the interior of the United States Air Force Academy Cadet Chapel.  His firm was entirely devoted to ecclesiastical work and had more than 500 commissions in 36 states.  He was an instructor in architecture at the Drexel Institute of Technology for more than twenty years.

Fayetteville, North Carolina
Fayetteville (/ˈfeɪətvɪl/ FAY-ət-vil, locally /ˈfɛdvəl/ FED-vəl) is a city in and the county seat of Cumberland County, North Carolina, United States. Fort Bragg, a U.S. Army installation, is located in the city.

Fayetteville has received the All-America City Award from the National Civic League four times. As of the 2020 census, it had a population of 208,501. It is the 6th-most populous city in North Carolina. Fayetteville is in the Sandhills in the western part of the Coastal Plain region, on the Cape Fear River.

With an estimated population of 392,336 in 2023, the Fayetteville metropolitan area is the second-most populous city in southeastern North Carolina and the 142nd-most populous in the United States. Suburban areas of metro Fayetteville include Fort Bragg, Hope Mills, Spring Lake, Raeford, Pope Field, Rockfish, Stedman, and Eastover.
Abraham Lincoln High School (Brooklyn)
Abraham Lincoln High School is a public high school located at 2800 Ocean Parkway, Brooklyn, New York under the jurisdiction of the New York City Department of Education. The school was built in 1929, and since graduated four Nobel Prize laureates. The current principal is Ari A. Hoogenboom.

It was built during the Great Depression, and to save money, one set of blueprints was used for Lincoln and other high schools in New York City, including Bayside High School, Samuel J. Tilden High School, John Adams High School, and Grover Cleveland High School.

The school features five gymnasiums, an outdoor football and track and field, a swimming pool, a photography studio, an animal science lab, an office classroom and an auditorium.

Animal science
Animal science is described as "studying the biology of animals that are under the control of humankind". It can also be described as the production and management of farm animals. Historically, the degree was called animal husbandry and the animals studied were livestock species, like ruminant animals such as; cattle, sheep and goat, non-ruminant such as; pigs, poultry, rabbit, snails and horses are studied. Today, courses available look at a broader area, including companion animals, like dogs and cats, and many exotic species. Degrees in Animal Science are offered at a number of colleges and universities. Animal science degrees are often offered at land-grant universities, which will often have on-campus farms to give students hands-on experience with livestock animals.
Graužiai
Graužiai could refer to several Lithuanian villages:

Graužiai, Gudžiūnai, in Gudžiūnai Eldership of Kėdainiai District Municipality

Graužiai, Josvainiai, in Josvainiai Eldership of Kėdainiai District Municipality

Graužiai, Kunioniai, a smaller village nearby Kunioniai in Josvainiai Eldership of Kėdainiai District Municipality

Graužiai, Širvintos, in Širvintos District Municipality.

Josvainiai Eldership
Josvainiai Eldership (Lithuanian: Josvainių seniūnija) is a Lithuanian eldership, located in the southern part of Kėdainiai District Municipality.

Eldership was created from the Josvainiai selsovet in 1993.
Stormbringer
Stormbringer is a magic sword featured in a number of fantasy stories by the author Michael Moorcock. It is described as a huge, black sword covered with strange runes, created by the forces of Chaos. The sword has a will of its own and it is hinted that the sword may be controlled by an inhabiting entity. It is wielded by the doomed albino emperor Elric of Melniboné. Stormbringer makes its first appearance in the 1961 novella The Dreaming City. In the four novellas collected in the 1965 book Stormbringer, the sword's true nature is revealed.

Chaos (cosmogony)
In the context of religious cosmogony, Chaos (Ancient Greek: χάος, romanized: kháos) refers to the division of reality outside or in contrast to the ordered cosmos. As such it refers to a state, place, or time beyond the known, familiar, and reliable world, often said to be inhabited by strange, ominous, or demonic beings.

According to the creation of the universe (the cosmos) in early Greek cosmology, Chaos was the first being to exist.