hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Łysinin, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Łysinin [wɨˈɕinin] (German: Grenzneuhof) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Czaplinek, within Drawsko County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 14 km (9 mi) east of Czaplinek, 42 km (26 mi) east of Drawsko Pomorskie, and 124 km (77 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

Before 1772 the area was part of Kingdom of Poland, 1772-1871 Prussia, 1871-1945 Germany. For more on its history, see Drahim County and History of Pomerania.

Drawsko Pomorskie
Drawsko Pomorskie [ˈdrafskɔ pɔˈmɔrskʲɛ] (until 1948 Polish: Drawsko; German: Dramburg) is a town in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northwestern Poland. It is the administrative seat of Drawsko County and the urban-rural commune of Gmina Drawsko Pomorskie. As of December 2021, the town has a population of 11,292. It is home to the Drawsko Training Ground, one of the largest training areas in Poland.
Francisco Granfil
Francisco G. Granfil is a retired Philippine Army enlisted trooper and a recipient the Philippines' highest military award for courage, the Medal of Valor.

Sergeant Granfil was part of a combined force of Philippine Army Special Forces, a platoon of Philippine Constabulary troopers and CHDF paramilitaries undertaking a patrol in Tarragona, Davao Oriental, Philippines on 12 February 1988 when they were ambushed by approximately 100 New People's Army rebels. Granfil immediately came to the relief of the pinned-down elements of the patrol. He managed to evacuate the wounded government troops to a secure area and recovered their firearms, which he distributed to the unarmed paramilitaries. He then put a malfunctioning M60 machine gun into action, alternating this with fire from a 60mm mortar until the communist rebels withdrew.

Granfil was conferred the Medal of Valor in 1989.

Integrated Civilian Home Defense Forces
The Integrated Civilian Home Defense Forces, also called the Civilian Home Defense Force and commonly referred to by its acronym CHDF, was an irregular paramilitary force supervised and deployed by the heads of the local government in the Philippines — provincial governors, city and municipal mayors. The CHDF was active during the 1970s, and was officially disbanded in 1986 after the People Power Revolution. However, the creation of the Citizen Armed Force Geographical Unit in 1987 provided the opportunity for CHDF members to once again perform their former duties.
1999 Clásica de Almería
The 1999 Clásica de Almería was the 14th edition of the Clásica de Almería cycle race and was held on 28 February 1999. The race started in Puebla de Vícar and finished in Vera. The race was won by Ján Svorada.

Vera, Spain
Vera is a municipality of Almería province, in the autonomous community of Andalusia, Spain. Today Vera is one of the most important commercial centres in the region, with a thriving traditional core and a number of supermarkets and commercial organisations spread along the ring road.  Vera itself lies approximately 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) inland from the coast, but the municipality extends to the sea shore. There, a tourist settlement, named Vera Playa, has been developed. This now forms the main economic activity of Vera. Since 1990, Vera Playa has developed into an important naturist village.
Jaromír Kopecký
Jaromír Kopecký was the ambassador of Czechoslovakia to Switzerland in the immediate post-war period and also a close associate of Edvard Beneš. His son, Radim Kopecký, was a childhood friend of Václav Havel.

Edvard Beneš
Edvard Beneš (Czech: [ˈɛdvard ˈbɛnɛʃ] ⓘ; 28 May 1884 – 3 September 1948) was a Czech politician and statesman who served as the president of Czechoslovakia from 1935 to 1938, and again from 1939 to 1948. During the first six years of his second stint, he led the Czechoslovak government-in-exile during World War II.

As president, Beneš faced two major crises, which both resulted in his resignation. His first resignation came after the Munich Agreement and subsequent German occupation of Czechoslovakia in 1938, which resulted in his government's exile in the United Kingdom. The second came about with the 1948 Communist coup, which created a Communist regime in Czechoslovakia. Before his time as president, Beneš was also the first foreign affairs minister (1918–1935) and the fourth prime minister (1921–1922) of Czechoslovakia. The de facto leader of the Czech National Social Party, he was known as a skilled diplomat.
Isomethadone
Isomethadone (INN, BAN; trade name Liden; also known as isoamidone) is a synthetic opioid analgesic and antitussive related to methadone that was used formerly as a pharmaceutical drug but is now no longer marketed. Isomethadone was used as both an analgesic and antitussive. It binds to and activates both the μ- and δ-opioid receptors, with the (S)-isomer being the more potent of the two enantiomers. Isomethadone is a Schedule II controlled substance in the United States, with an ACSCN of 9226 and a 2014 aggregate manufacturing quota of 5 g.  The salts in use are the hydrobromide (HBr, free base conversion ratio 0.793), hydrochloride (HCl, 0.894), and HCl monohydrate (0.850). Isomethadone is also regulated internationally as a Schedule I controlled substance under the United Nations Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs of 1961.

Δ-opioid receptor
The  δ-opioid receptor, also known as delta opioid receptor or simply delta receptor, abbreviated DOR or DOP, is an inhibitory 7-transmembrane G-protein coupled receptor coupled to the G protein Gi/G0 and has enkephalins as its endogenous ligands. The regions of the brain where the δ-opioid receptor is largely expressed vary from species model to species model. In humans, the δ-opioid receptor is most heavily expressed in the basal ganglia and neocortical regions of the brain.
1991 Canadian Open – Men's doubles
Paul Annacone and David Wheaton were the defending champions, but Wheaton chose not to participate. Annacone partnered with Doug Flach, but lost to Jim Grabb and Richey Reneberg in the first round.

Patrick Galbraith and Todd Witsken won the title, defeating Grant Connell and Glenn Michibata in the finals, 6–4, 3–6, 6–1.

Paul Annacone
Paul Annacone (born March 20, 1963) is an American former touring professional tennis player and current tennis coach. He is the former coach of 20-time Grand Slam winner Roger Federer, 14-time Grand Slam winner Pete Sampras, and 2017 US Open champion Sloane Stephens. Annacone is currently a coach at ProTennisCoach.com, a commentator at Tennis Channel, and works with Taylor Fritz.
South African type ZE tender
The South African type ZE tender was a steam locomotive tender.

Type ZE tenders were rebuilt from Type ZC tenders which had entered service between 1896 and 1902. The rebuilding resulted in a tender with a larger water tank and larger coal bunker.

Tender (rail)
A tender is a special rail vehicle hauled by a steam locomotive containing its fuel (wood, coal, oil or torrefied biomass) and water. Steam locomotives consume large quantities of water compared to the quantity of fuel, so their tenders are necessary to keep them running over long distances. A locomotive that pulls a tender is called either a tender locomotive or a tender engine. Locomotives that do not have tenders and carry all their fuel and water on board are called tank locomotives or tank engines.

A corridor tender is a locomotive tender with a passageway to one side, allowing crew changes on the fly.

A brake tender is a tender that is heavy and used (primarily) to provide greater braking efficiency.
Dance with Me (musical)
Dance With Me is a musical written by Greg Antonacci. It opened on Broadway on January 23, 1975, and ran at the Mayfair Theatre for 396 performances. The musical was directed and choreographed by Joel Zwick.

The musical is set in present day at a New York City subway station. While waiting on the platform, Honey Boy daydreams about life, dating, baseball, and rock and roll in the 1950s.

Dance With Me was a renamed, restaged version of Dance Wi’ Me, a production by the same team which opened at the Public Theater in June 1971. It also appeared at La MaMa Experimental Theatre Club in the early 1970s. The show received three 1975 Tony Award nominations and two 1975 Drama Desk Award nominations.

The original Broadway cast included Annie Abbott as Tommie Sincere, Antonacci as Honey Boy (Peter Riegert later took over this role), and John Bottoms as Jimmy Dick. Deborah Rush played Goldie Pot, and director Joel Zwick appeared as Bulldog Allen.

Present
The present is the period of time that is occurring right now. The present is in contrast to the past, the period of time that has already occurred; and the future, the period of time that has yet to occur.

It is sometimes represented as a hyperplane in space-time, typically called "now", although modern physics demonstrates that such a hyperplane cannot be defined uniquely for observers in relative motion. The present may also be viewed as a duration.
Lobsang Monlam
Geshe Lobsang Monlam (Tibetan: དགེ་བཤེས་བློ་བཟང་སྨོན་ལམ, Wylie: dge bshes blo bzang smon lam), born in 1976 in Ngawa eastern Tibet, is a Tibetan Buddhist scholar and programmer who uses digital technologies to preserve the Tibetan language and culture.. He is best known for developing Tibetan typefaces and for the multi-volume Great Monlam Tibetan Dictionary. In 2025, he received the Snow Lion Award for Human Rights from the International Campaign for Tibet. He is also working on developing a "Dalai Lama AI," a specialized language model.

International Campaign for Tibet
The International Campaign for Tibet (ICT) is a non-profit advocacy group working to promote democratic freedoms for Tibetans, ensure their human rights, and protect Tibetan culture and the environment. Founded in 1988, ICT is the world's largest Tibet-related NGO, with several thousand members and strong bases of support in North America and Europe. On March 15, 2018, the ICT marked 30 years and received a video message from the Dalai Lama.

The International Campaign for Tibet works to promote self-determination, human rights, and democratic freedoms for the Tibetan people, and negotiations between the 14th Dalai Lama and the People's Republic of China.

ICT is a member of International Federation for Human Rights.
Capture of Béjaïa (1510)
The capture of Béjaïa was the battle in which the Spanish Empire took possession of Béjaïa (also known as Bougie), then an emirate ruled by a branch of the Hafsid dynasty. This took place in 1510. The Spanish lost the city again 45 years later to Salah Rais and the Kingdom of Kuku in the Capture of Bougie (1555).

Salah Rais
Salah Rais (Arabic: صالح ريس) (c. 1488 – 1568) was the 7th King of Algiers, an Ottoman privateer. He is alternatively referred to as Sala Reis, Salih Rais, Salek Rais and Cale Arraez in several European sources, particularly in Spain, France and Italy.

In 1529, together with Aydın Reis, he took part in the Turkish-Spanish battle near the Isle of Formentera, during which the Ottoman forces destroyed the Spanish fleet, whose commander, Rodrigo de Portuondo, died in combat.

In 1538 he commanded the right wing of the Turkish fleet at the naval Battle of Preveza, where the Ottoman forces under Barbarossa Hayreddin Pasha defeated the Holy League of Charles V under the command of Andrea Doria.

In 1551, due to his success in the conquest of Tripoli (Libya) together with Turgut Reis and Sinan Pasha, he was promoted to the rank of Pasha and became the Beylerbeyi (Ottoman equivalent of Grand Duke) of Algiers and the Bahriye Beylerbeyi (Admiral) of the Ottoman West Mediterranean Fleet.
Afghanistan night raids
Night raids were a military tactic employed by United States and Afghan special forces during the War in Afghanistan. In these raids, units from U.S. Joint Special Operations Command worked alongside Afghan Commandos to leverage superior night vision capabilities to conduct capture-or-kill raids on the suspected households of targets on the Joint Prioritized Effects List compiled by coalition forces. The operations were sometimes controversial, particularly regarding civilian casualties and claims that because coalition human intelligence collectors paid for tips, the target set may have included individuals falsely accused by financially motivated tipsters.

The tactic was effectively discontinued as U.S. and coalition forces withdrew from Afghanistan in 2021.

Human intelligence (intelligence gathering)
Human intelligence (HUMINT, pronounced /ˈhjuːmɪnt/ HEW-mint) is intelligence-gathering by means of human sources and interpersonal communication. It is distinct from more technical intelligence-gathering disciplines, such as signals intelligence (SIGINT), imagery intelligence (IMINT) and measurement and signature intelligence (MASINT). HUMINT can be conducted in a variety of ways, including via espionage, reconnaissance, interrogation, and witness interviews. Although associated with military and intelligence agencies, HUMINT can also apply in various civilian sectors such as law enforcement.
Pukamayu (Peru)
Pukamayu (Quechua puka red, mayu river, "red river", hispanicized spelling Pucamayo) or Antachaka (Quechua anta copper chaka bridge, "copper bridge", hispanicized Andachaca) is a river in the Daniel Alcides Carrión Province of the Pasco Region in Peru. It belongs to the watershed of the Huallaga River.

Pukamayu originates near the lakes Qiwllaqucha (Quiulacocha) and  Karpakancha (Carpacancha) in the south of the province. Its direction is mainly to the northwest. The river gets waters from little streams like Yuraq Yaku (Yuracyacu), Chachaq (Chachac) and Ranra Kancha (Ranracancha). Near Chinchi Tinku (Chinche Tingo) Pukamayu meets the Río Blanco (Spanish for "white river") coming from the west. This is where the river Chawpi Waranqa (Quechua chawpi center, middle, waranqa one thousand, hispanicized Chaupihuaranga) originates. Chawpi Waranqa is an affluent of the Huallaga River.

Department of Pasco
Pasco (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈpasko]; Quechua: Pasqu) is a department of Peru. It is located in the country's central highlands. It is administered by a regional government. Its capital is Cerro de Pasco.
Miladin Ševarlić
Miladin Ševarlić (Serbian Cyrillic: Миладин Шеварлић; born June 12, 1949) is an agricultural economist, professor of agriculture, and politician in Serbia. He served in the National Assembly of Serbia from 2016 to 2020 as an independent member. Until February 2019, he was a member of the Dveri parliamentary group.

Agricultural economics
Agricultural economics is an applied field of economics concerned with the application of economic theory in optimizing the production and distribution of food and fiber products. 
Agricultural economics began as a branch of economics that specifically dealt with land usage. It focused on maximizing the crop yield while maintaining a good soil ecosystem.  Throughout the 20th century the discipline expanded and the current scope of the discipline is much broader.  Agricultural economics today includes a variety of applied areas, having considerable overlap with conventional economics. Agricultural economists have made substantial contributions to research in economics, econometrics, development economics, and environmental economics.  Agricultural economics influences food policy, agricultural policy, and environmental policy.
Muhammad Kashif (kabaddi)
Muhammad Kashif (born 21 January 1988) is a Pakistani professional international Kabaddi player. He was a member of the Pakistan national kabaddi team that won the Asian Games bronze medal in 2014 at Incheon.

Kabaddi at the 2014 Asian Games
Kabaddi at the 2014 Asian Games was held in Songdo Global University Gymnasium, Incheon, South Korea from 28 September to 3 October 2014. Both of India's men's and women's teams faced and defeated Iran's respective teams in the finals, earning India's teams the Gold while Iran's teams won the Silver. Meanwhile the men's team for both South Korea and Pakistan won the Bronze, as well as the women's teams of Bangladesh and Thailand, after their respective defeats in semifinals.
Nyomda
The Nyomda (Russian: Нёмда) is a river in Kostroma Oblast and Ivanovo Oblast in Russia, a left tributary of the Volga. It flows into the Nyomda Bay of the Gorky Reservoir of the Volga River. The river is 146 kilometres (91 mi) long, and its drainage basin covers 4,750 square kilometres (1,830 sq mi).

The Nyomda freezes up in November and remains icebound until mid-April. Its largest tributary is the Shuya.

Ivanovo Oblast
Ivanovo Oblast (Russian: Ива́новская о́бласть, romanized: Ivanovskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). It had a population of 927,828 as of the 2021 Russian Census.

Its three largest cities are Ivanovo (the administrative center), Kineshma, and Shuya. The principal center of tourism is Plyos. The Volga River flows through the northern part of the oblast.
Remke Scheepstra
Remke Scheepstra is a Dutch former cricketer who played as a batter. She appeared for Netherlands in one One Day International, at the 1991 European Women's Cricket Championship against England at Sportpark Koninklijke HFC, Haarlem. Batting at number six, she scored one run.

Sportpark Koninklijke HFC
Sportpark Koninklijke HFC is a cricket ground in Haarlem, the Netherlands.  The first recorded match on the ground came in 1895 when the Haarlem played English club Leicester Ivanhoe.  The ground has a long association of holding touring English sides, with the Free Foresters regular visitors, along with other touring English county sides, though none of these matches were rated as first-class.  The ground later held seven matches in the ICC Trophy.  Between 1984 and 2003 ten Women's One Day Internationals were played on the ground.

The ground is used by Rood en Wit Cricket Club.
University of British Columbia Press
The University of British Columbia Press (UBC Press) is a university press that is part of the University of British Columbia.  It is a mid-sized scholarly publisher, and the largest in Western Canada.

The press is based in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, and has editorial offices in Kelowna, British Columbia, and Toronto, Ontario.  It was established in 1971, and was the third Canadian university press to be founded.

UBC Press is primarily a social sciences publisher. It publishes books of original scholarship that draws on and reflects current research. Each year UBC Press publishes about 70 new titles in a number of fields, including Aboriginal studies, Asian studies, Canadian history, environmental studies, gender and women's studies, health and food studies, geography, law, media and communications, military and security studies, planning and urban studies, and political science.

Urban studies
Urban studies is the transdisciplinary study of urban settlements and urban development—comprising the theory portion of the field of urban planning. Topics range from geography, sociology, anthropology, history, urban design and architecture, to public policy and politics, and their interrelations with community development. Urban studies is a major field of study used by  practitioners of urban planning, it helps with the understanding of human values, development, and the interactions they have with their physical environment.
5th Annual Latin Grammy Awards
The 5th Annual Latin Grammy Awards were held on Wednesday, September 1, 2004, at the Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles.

This was the last telecast of the awards nationally in the United States in English with a CBS contract.  Effective in 2005, the awards were announced in Spanish with an exclusive Spanish-language telecast. Alejandro Sanz was the big winner winning four awards including Album of the Year.

Shrine Auditorium and Expo Hall
The Shrine Auditorium is a landmark large-event venue in Los Angeles, California. It is also the headquarters of the Al Malaikah Temple, a division of the Shriners. It was designated a Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monument (No. 139) in 1975, and was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1987.
Ferruccio Lamborghini (motorcyclist)
Ferruccio Lamborghini (born 9 January 1991) is an Italian motorcycle racer who has competed in the 125cc World Championship, the Moto2 World Championship, the Supersport World Championship, the FIM Superstock 1000 Cup and the European Superstock 600 Championship. He won the CIV Moto2 Championship in 2012.

He is the grandson of, and named after, the founder of Automobili Lamborghini, Ferruccio Lamborghini and the brother of singer Elettra Lamborghini.

European Superstock 600 Championship
The European Superstock 600 Championship was a support class to the Superbike World Championship at the European rounds. The championship used 600 cc production motorcycles and was reserved for riders between 15 and 24 years of age. Same rules as FIM Superstock 1000 Cup applied, but the series was organized by FIM Europe. In November 2015 the championship was discontinued as a result of the creation of a new European sub-series to be held within the Supersport World Championship and changes in the Supersport technical regulations.
Samuel Shone
Samuel Shone ( 1820 – 1901) was Bishop of Kilmore, Elphin and Ardagh from  1884  to 1897. Educated at Trinity College, Dublin, he was ordained in 1843 and his first post was a curacy on Rathlin Island. After this he was Curate of St. John's, Sligo and later of Calry, Sligo, before becoming Vicar of Cavan in 1866. He was appointed Archdeacon of Kilmore in 1878,  before elevation to the episcopate  in 1884 as the 7th bishop of the United Diocese. In consequence of failing health he resigned the bishopric in 1897 and retired from the active ministry.

Shone died in October 1901.

Sligo
Sligo (/ˈslaɪɡoʊ/; Irish: Sligeach [ˈʃl̠ʲɪɟəx]; lit. 'abounding in shells') is a coastal seaport and the county town of County Sligo, Ireland, within the western province of Connacht. With a population of 20,608 in 2022, it is the county's largest urban centre (constituting 29.5% of the county's population) and the 24th largest in the Republic of Ireland.

Sligo is a commercial and cultural centre situated on the west coast of Ireland. Its surrounding coast and countryside, as well as its connections to the poet W. B. Yeats, have made it a tourist destination.
Ruthless by Law
Ruthless by Law is the second studio album by American hip hop group RBL Posse. It was released on November 15, 1994, via In-A-Minute Records. Recording sessions took place at Bayview Productions in Richmond, California. Production was handled by Cellski, The Enhancer, and RBL Posse, with Tony Jackson serving as executive producer. It features guest appearances from Cellski and Herm. The album peaked at number 197 on the Billboard 200, number 23 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums and number three on the Heatseekers Albums chart in the United States.

It is the group's last album featuring member Mr. Cee as he was shot nine times and killed near his home on Harbor Road on New Year's Day 1996. It was their final project for In-A-Minute Records label.

In 2014, it was placed at number 49 on Vibe magazine ’94 Week: The 50 Best Rap Albums Of 1994 list.

Vibe (magazine)
Vibe is an American music and entertainment magazine founded by producers David Salzman and Quincy Jones. The publication predominantly features R&B and hip hop music artists, actors and other entertainers. After shutting down production in the summer of 2009, it was purchased by the private equity investment fund InterMedia Partners, then issued bi-monthly with double covers and a larger online presence. The magazine's target demographic is predominantly young, urban followers of hip hop culture. In 2014, the magazine discontinued its print version.

The magazine features a broader range of interests than its closest competitors The Source and XXL, which focus more narrowly on rap music, or the rock- and pop-centric Rolling Stone and Spin. The May 1998 Vibe article "Racer X" by Ken Li is credited as the basis for the 2001 film The Fast and the Furious and the resulting franchise.