hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Erythema toxicum neonatorum
Erythema toxicum neonatorum is a common, non-threatening rash in newborns. It appears in 40-70% of newborns within the first week of life, and it typically improves within 1–2 weeks. It only occurs during the newborn period, but may appear slightly later in premature babies. The rash has a variable appearance. It typically includes blotchy red spots, often with overlying firm, yellow-white bumps or pus-filled boils. There may be only a few or many lesions. The lesions can appear almost anywhere on the body, and individual lesions may appear and disappear within hours. There are no other symptoms associated with erythema toxicum neonatorum, and the rash does not have any long-term effects on the skin. Erythema toxicum neonatorum is not harmful and does not require any treatment.

Papule
A papule is a small, well-defined bump in the skin. It may have a rounded, pointed or flat top, and may have a dip. It can appear with a stalk, be thread-like or look warty. It can be soft or firm and its surface may be rough or smooth. Some have crusts or scales. A papule can be flesh colored, yellow, white, brown, red, blue or purplish. There may be just one or many, and they may occur irregularly in different parts of the body or appear in clusters. It does not contain fluid but may progress to a pustule or vesicle. A papule is smaller than a nodule; it can be as tiny as a pinhead and is typically less than 1 cm in width, according to some sources, and 0.5 cm according to others. When merged together, it appears as a plaque.

A papule's colour might indicate its cause, such as white in milia, red in eczema, yellowish in xanthoma and black in melanoma. They may open when scratched and become infected and crusty.
Bolatlı
Bolatlı is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Tarsus, Mersin Province, Turkey. Its population is 1,780 (2022). It is situated in the Çukurova plain along the Berdan River and south of the Çukurova motorway. Bolatlı is almost merged with Tarsus and 35 kilometres (22 mi) west of Mersin.

Mersin
Mersin (pronounced [ˈmæɾsin]) is a large city and port on the Mediterranean coast of southern Turkey. It is the provincial capital of the Mersin Province (formerly İçel). It is made up of four district governorates, each having its own municipality: Akdeniz, Mezitli, Toroslar and Yenişehir.

A larger metropolitan region which combines Mersin with Tarsus and Erdemli houses more than 1.7 million inhabitants. Çukurova International Airport (COV) situated 50 kilometres (31 miles) from Mersin city centre, is its closest international airport. There are ferry services from Mersin to Famagusta (Mağusa) in Northern Cyprus. Mersin is linked to Adana via Tarsus by way of TCDD trains.
Bx1 and Bx2 buses
The Bx1 and Bx2 are two bus routes that run on the Grand Concourse in the Bronx, New York City. The routes, which are operated by MaBSTOA, also follow Sedgwick Avenue and Mosholu Parkway for a short distance at their northern end. As the numbers suggest, these were the first two bus routes in the Bronx.

Third Avenue Railway
The Third Avenue Railway System (TARS), founded 1852, was a streetcar system serving the New York City boroughs of Manhattan and the Bronx along with lower Westchester County. For a brief period of time, TARS also operated the Steinway Lines in Long Island City.

The conversion from streetcar to bus operation came from great pressure applied by New York City's Board of Transportation for a unified bus transportation system across the city. TARS applied for its first bus franchises in 1928.  By 1948, all streetcar lines in Manhattan and The Bronx were converted to bus operation. The lines in Westchester County continued to operate, until the Yonkers city lines were shut down in 1952. Third Avenue Railway was purchased by New York City Omnibus Corporation in 1956, and transferred the remaining transit operating franchises to subsidiary Surface Transportation, Inc.
E with macron (Cyrillic)
E with macron (Э̄ э̄; italics: Э̄ э̄) is a letter of the Cyrillic script.

E with macron is used in the Aleut (Bering dialect), Evenki, Mansi, Nanai, Negidal, Orok, Ulch, Kildin Sami, Selkup and Chechen languages.

Selkup languages
Selkup is the group of languages of the Selkups, belonging to the Samoyedic group of the Uralic language family. It is spoken by some 600 people (2022 est.) in the region between the Ob and Yenisei Rivers (in Siberia). The language name Selkup comes from the Russian селькуп, based on the native name used in the Taz dialect, шӧльӄумыт әты (šöľqumyt əty lit. 'forest-man language'). Different dialects use different native names.
Norm Locking
Norman Wesley Locking (May 24, 1911 – May 15, 1995) was a Canadian ice hockey left winger. He played 48 games in the National Hockey League with the Chicago Black Hawks during the 1934–35 and 1935–36 seasons. The rest of his career, which lasted from 1931 to 1944, was spent in various minor leagues. Locking was born in Owen Sound, Ontario.

Owen Sound
Owen Sound (2021 Census population 21,612) is a city in Southwestern Ontario, Canada. The seat of government of Grey County, it is located at the mouths of the Pottawatomi and Sydenham Rivers on an inlet of Georgian Bay.

The primary tourist attractions are the many waterfalls within a short drive of the town.
Dazehu
Dazehu (simplified Chinese: 大泽湖街道; traditional Chinese: 大澤湖街道; pinyin: Dàzéhú Jiēdào) is a subdistrict of Wangcheng District, Changsha, Hunan, China. It is located on the western bank of the Xiang River. The subdistrict is bordered by the Yueliangdao Subdistrict to the South, Huangjinyuan to the West, Baishazhou, the Gaotangling Subdistricts to the North, and Dingziwan across the Xiang River to the East. Dazehu has an area of 25.33 km2 (9.78 sq mi) and has a population of 26,400. The subdistrict has one residential community and three villages under its jurisdiction.

Wangcheng, Changsha
Wangcheng District (simplified Chinese: 望城区; traditional Chinese: 望城區; pinyin: Wàngchéng Qū) is one of six urban districts of the prefecture-level city of Changsha, the capital of Hunan Province, China. It is the largest district of Changsha by area. The district is bordered to the north by Miluo City and Xiangyin County of Yueyang, to the west by Heshan District of Yiyang and Ningxiang County, to the south by Yuelu and Kaifu Districts, to the east by Changsha County. Located in the northsouth of the City proper in Changsha, Wangcheng covers 951.06 km2 (367.21 sq mi) with registered population of 560,567 and resident population of 562,100 (as of 2014). The district has 10 subdistricts and 5 towns under its jurisdiction, with its administrative centre at Gaotangling Subdistrict.
Nepenthes biak
Nepenthes biak is a tropical pitcher plant endemic to the Indonesian island of Biak, after which it is named. Biak is a member of the Schouten Islands, located in Cenderawasih Bay, and is administered as part of Biak Numfor Regency, Papua Province. Nepenthes biak grows near sea level, usually on limestone coastal cliffs though occasionally as an epiphyte on mangrove trees.

Biak Archipelago
The Biak Islands (Indonesian: Kepulauan Biak, also Schouten Islands or Geelvink Islands) are an island group of Papua province, eastern Indonesia in the Cenderawasih Bay (or Geelvink Bay) 50 km off the north-western coast of the island of New Guinea. The group consists of the main islands of Biak, Supiori and Numfor, and numerous smaller islands, mostly covered in rain forest. The population of the archipelago is about 130,000.
Serenade to the Executioner
Serenade to the Executioner (French: Sérénade au bourreau) is a 1951 French crime drama film directed by Jean Stelli and starring Paul Meurisse, Tilda Thamar and Antonin Berval. It is based on the 1928 novel of the same title by Maurice Dekobra. It was shot at the Saint-Maurice Studios in Paris. The film's sets were designed by the art director Raymond Druart.

Joinville Studios
The Joinville Studios were a film studio in Paris which operated between 1910 and 1987. They were one of the leading French studios, with major companies such as Pathé and Gaumont making films there.

A second studio was added to the original in 1923. This was located less than a kilometre away, and together the two served as a major filmmaking hub. After the Second World War the studio was merged into the Franstudio network in 1947 along with other major Paris studios including the Saint-Maurice Studios and Francoeur Studios.

In the early 1930s, the American company Paramount Pictures took over the studios and made French-language versions of their hit films. In total, films were made in fourteen different languages as Joinville became a hub of such multi-language versions. While many were remakes of English-language hits, some were original stories. This practice declined as dubbing became more commonplace.
Almudena Domínguez Arranz
Almudena Domínguez Arranz (born 1949) is a Spanish archaeologist and numismatist, who is Professor of Archaeology in the Department of Ancient Sciences at the University of Zaragoza. Her work focuses on archaeological and numismatic heritage, the history of women and museology.

Numismatist
A numismatist is a specialist, researcher, and/or well-informed collector of numismatics/coins ("of coins"; from Late Latin numismatis, genitive of numisma). Numismatists can include collectors, specialist dealers, and scholar-researchers who use coins (and possibly, other currency) in object-based research. Although use of the term numismatics was first recorded in English in 1799, people had been collecting and studying coins long before then all over the world. The branch of numismatics that deals with the study and collection of paper currency and banknotes is called notaphily.
I fichissimi
I fichissimi (Italian for "The really cool guys", also known as Guys and Dolls in the Suburbs) is a 1981 Italian comedy film directed by Carlo Vanzina. The film consists in a story of rival punks in Milan and it is loosely based on the William Shakespeare's tragedy Romeo and Juliet.

Carlo Vanzina
Carlo Vanzina (13 March 1951 – 8 July 2018) was an Italian film director, producer and screenwriter.

Vanzina was born in Rome, the son of Maria Teresa Nati and film director Stefano Vanzina and brother of Enrico Vanzina.

Many of his projects were made for Italian television with English-speaking actors, and in turn these films received English-language home video releases in America. He frequently worked with models-turned-actresses such as Renee Simonsen, Carole Bouquet, Carol Alt, Lauren Hutton, and Elle Macpherson.

Two of his films, Eccezzziunale... veramente (1982) and Vacanze di Natale (1983), were shown as part of a retrospective on Italian comedy at the 67th Venice International Film Festival.
Home in Wyomin'
Home in Wyomin' is a 1942 American Western film directed by William Morgan and starring Gene Autry, Smiley Burnette, and Fay McKenzie. Based on a story by Stuart Palmer, the film is about a singing cowboy who helps out a former employer in trouble with his failing rodeo while romancing a woman reporter. In Home in Wyomin', Autry sang his hit songs "Be Honest with Me", "Back in the Saddle Again", and "Tweedle O'Twill", as well as Irving Berlin's "Any Bonds Today", becoming the first major star to sing the official song of the U.S. Defense Bond campaign during the war.

Stuart Palmer (author)
Stuart Palmer (June 21, 1905 – February 4, 1968) was a mystery novelist and screenwriter. He was most famous for creating the character Hildegarde Withers. In addition, he used the pen names Theodore Orchards and Jay Stewart. for some of his works.
March 783/793
The March 783 and March 793 are open-wheel Formula 3 race car chassis, designed, developed, and built by March Engineering between 1978 and 1979. They are very similar in design, with the 793 essentially being a ground effect version of the 783; with lower side pods and skirts. Between them, they won a total of 24 races, including three non-championship races in 1979, with Kenny Acheson. The 793 chassis in particular was extremely successful, and completely dominated the 1979 season, with Brazilian Chico Serra clinching the 1979 British Formula Three Championship, after winning 5 out of the 20 races. Italian Andrea de Cesaris was runner-up, placing second in the championship; having also won 5 races with the March 793. New Zealander Mike Thackwell placed third in the championship, having won 4 races with the March 793 chassis. They were powered by either a Toyota or Triumph four-cylinder engine.

Ground effect (cars)
In car design, ground effect is a series of effects that have been exploited in automotive aerodynamics to create downforce, particularly in racing cars, through underbody tunnels and floor design. This has been the successor to the earlier dominant aerodynamic focus on streamlining. The international Formula One series and American racing IndyCars employ ground effects in their engineering and designs. Similarly, they are also employed in other racing series to some extent; however, across Europe, many series employ regulations (or complete bans) to limit its effectiveness on safety grounds.
Makayla Greenwood
Makayla Greenwood is an American taekwondo practitioner. She won the gold medal in the women's bantamweight event at the 2022 World Taekwondo Championships held in Guadalajara, Mexico. She is also a two-time gold medalist in her event at the Pan American Taekwondo Championships.

Pan American Taekwondo Championships
Pan American Taekwondo Championships or simply Pan Am Taekwondo Championships are the American taekwondo senior championships, first held in 1978 in Mexico City. The event is held every two years by the Pan American Taekwondo Union and it's considered by the World Taekwondo as the continental tournament and a Grade 4 tournament for the world and olympic rankings.

The championships should not be confused with:

the Pan American Games taekwondo competitions, which form part of a continental multi-sport event in the Olympic tradition.

the ITF Pan American Taekwondo Championships, a championships organised by the International Taekwondo Federation.
Anthony Pateras
Anthony Peter Pateras (born 1979) is an Australian-born composer, pianist and electronic musician. He has released several solo albums and collaborated with other artists. Pateras has performed and recorded in Australia, North America and Europe. At the APRA Music Awards' Art Music Awards, he has been nominated three times: 2011 for Performance of the Year for his composition, Refractions, performed by Clocked Out and Speak Percussion; 2012 for Work of the Year – Instrumental for Flesh and Ghost performed by Speak Percussion; and 2015 for Performance of the Year for Beauty Will Be Amnesiac or Will not Be at All performed by Synergy Percussion.

Australian Music Centre
The Australian Music Centre (AMC), founded as Australia Music Centre in 1974 and known as Sounds Australian in the 1990s, is a national organisation promoting and supporting art music in Australia. It operates mainly as a service organisation, and co-hosts the Art Music Awards along with APRA AMCOS. It also publishes Resonate Magazine.
Mountain Mover
Mountain Mover is the eighth studio album by Bryn Haworth.

It was recorded in August 1985 at the Chapel Lane Studios, Hereford was produced by Bryn Haworth, engineered by Laurence Burrage and released by Word Records (UK) on the Myrrh Label as MYRR 1204.

Word Records
Word Records is a Christian faith-based entertainment company based in Nashville, Tennessee. It is owned by Curb Records, and is a part of Word Entertainment. It is distributed by Warner Records (the former Warner Bros. Records).
Charlotte whale
The Charlotte whale is the skeleton of a beluga whale that was found buried in sediment near Charlotte, Vermont in 1849. It is exhibited at the Perkins Museum of Geology at the University of Vermont. Found at the time when knowledge of Earth's natural history was nascent, it proved key evidence for developing a glacial theory of New England. The whale skeleton was collected by Zadock Thompson and reconstructed by Albert David Hager in an unusual, anatomically incorrect manner. Later, that error was preserved for its historical significance. It was Vermont's official state fossil from 1993 to 2014, after which it became designated as Vermont's state marine fossil.

Charlotte, Vermont
Charlotte /ʃɑːrˈlɒt/ is a town in Chittenden County, Vermont, United States. The town was named for Queen Charlotte, though unlike Charlotte, North Carolina, Charlottesville, Virginia, and other cities and towns that bear her name, the town's name is pronounced with the accent on the second syllable. The population of the town was 3,912 at the 2020 census.
Velasio de Paolis
Velasio de Paolis, C.S., JCD, STL (19 September 1935 – 9 September 2017), was an Italian member of the Missionaries of St. Charles Borromeo (Scalabrinians) and a cardinal of the Catholic Church. He was President of the Prefecture for the Economic Affairs of the Holy See and Pontifical Delegate for the religious institute of the Legionaries of Christ.

Licentiate of Sacred Theology
Licentiate in Sacred Theology (Latin: Licentia in Sacra Theologia; abbreviated LTh or STL) is the second of three ecclesiastical degrees in theology (the first being the Baccalaureate in Sacred Theology and the third being the Doctorate in Sacred Theology) which are conferred by a number of pontifical faculties around the world. In the civil system, the licentiate would be considered similar to the coursework and exams of a Doctor of Philosophy program. The licentiate degree comes with attendant canonical effects in the Catholic Church, specifically granting the holder the right to teach in Catholic seminaries and schools of theology.
Maladera futschauana
Maladera futschauana is a species of beetle of the family Scarabaeidae. It is found in China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guizhou, Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan), Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam.

Scarabaeidae
The family Scarabaeidae, as currently defined, consists of over 35,000 species of beetles worldwide; they are often called scarabs or scarab beetles. The classification of this family has undergone significant change. Several groups formerly treated as subfamilies have been elevated to family rank (e.g., Bolboceratidae, Geotrupidae, Glaresidae, Glaphyridae, Hybosoridae, Ochodaeidae, and Pleocomidae), and some reduced to lower ranks. The subfamilies listed in this article are in accordance with those in Catalog of Life (2023).
1969 International Gold Cup
The 16th International Gold Cup was a non-championship Formula One race held at Oulton Park on August 16, 1969. The race was open to Formula One, Formula Two and Formula 5000 cars. Brabham driver Jacky Ickx was first in Formula One and first overall, ahead of Jochen Rindt giving the four wheel drive Lotus 63 its best ever result. Andrea de Adamich's Lola T142 was top Formula 5000 finisher and third overall, and Alan Rollinson in a Brabham was top Formula Two finisher and sixth overall. Jackie Stewart qualified his Matra MS80 on pole and set fastest lap but a pit stop to remedy a broken battery lead dropped him down the field.

Lola Cars
Lola Cars Limited is a British automobile manufacturer founded in 1958 by Eric Broadley in Bromley, England. The company is now owned by Till Bechtolsheimer, who purchased it in 2022. Lola Cars endured for more than fifty years to become one of the oldest and largest manufacturers of racing cars in the world. Lola started by building small front-engine sports cars, and branched out into Formula Junior cars before diversifying into a wider range of sporting vehicles. In 2012, Lola Cars stopped operations. Lola returned to motorsport in 2024 by joining the Formula E World Championship as an entrant and a powertrain supplier in a technical partnership with Yamaha.
Boris Farmakovsky
Boris Vladimirovich Farmakovsky (Russian: Борис Владимирович Фармаковский; 12 February 1870, Vyatka — 29 July 1928, Pargolovo, Leningrad Oblast) was a Russian archaeologist, who began professional excavations of the ancient Greek colony of Olbia in Ukraine.

Farmakovsly served on many archeological commissions and was the curator of antiquities at the Hermitage from 1924-1928. His excavations at Olbia in 1896, 1901–1915, 1924-1926 provided significant insights into the ancient history of South Ukraine.

Olbia
Olbia (Italian: [ˈɔlbja] ⓘ, locally [ˈolbja]; Sardinian: Terranoa; Gallurese: Tarranoa) is a city and comune, which along with Tempio Pausania is a co-capital of the province of Gallura North-East Sardinia, Sardinia, Italy, in the historical region of Gallura. Called Olbia in the Roman age, Civita in the Middle Ages (Judicates period) and Terranova Pausania until the 1940s, Olbia has again been the official name of the city since the fascist period.
Pseuduvaria pamattonis
Pseuduvaria pamattonis is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Borneo and the Philippines. Friedrich Miquel, the Dutch botanist who first formally described the species using the basionym Orophea pamattonis, named it after a mountain in Borneo called Gunung Pamaton.

Annonaceae
The Annonaceae are a family of flowering plants consisting of trees, shrubs, or rarely lianas commonly known as the custard apple family or soursop family. With 108 accepted genera and about 2400 known species, it is the largest family in the Magnoliales. Several genera produce edible fruit, most notably Annona, Anonidium, Asimina, Rollinia, and Uvaria. Its type genus is Annona. The family is concentrated in the tropics, with few species found in temperate regions. About 900 species are Neotropical, 450 are Afrotropical, and the remaining are Indomalayan.
Uttarakhand Sanskrit University
Uttarakhand Sanskrit University is an Indian State university located in the city of Haridwar, Uttarakhand. Established in 2005, the university offers certificate courses, diplomas, undergraduate education, postgraduate education, doctoral programmes and master of philosophy courses in various disciplines.

State university (India)
In India, state universities are run and funded by the state government of each of the states of India.

Following the adoption of the Constitution of India in 1950, education became a state responsibility. Following a constitutional change in 1976, it became a joint responsibility of the states and the central government.

As of 23 August 2022, the UGC lists 456 state universities.
Nigel Edwards (health)
Nigel Edwards is a health policy researcher. He was Chief Executive at the Nuffield Trust from April 2014 to September 2023, before becoming a Senior Associate.

He was formerly an expert advisor with KPMG’s Global Centre of Excellence for Health and Life Sciences, a Senior Fellow at The King’s Fund. He was Policy Director of the NHS Confederation for 11 years.

King's Fund
The King's Fund is a think tank, which is involved with work relating to the health and social care system in England. It produces research and analysis, offers leadership and organisational development support, and organises events.

The Chief Executive is currently Sarah Woolnough, who was previously the Chief Executive of Asthma + Lung UK. She took up the position in December 2023.
Shigella dysenteriae
Shigella dysenteriae is a species of the rod-shaped bacterial genus Shigella. Shigella species can cause shigellosis (bacillary dysentery). Shigellae are Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, nonmotile bacteria. S. dysenteriae has the ability to invade and replicate in various species of epithelial cells and enterocytes.

Enterocyte
Enterocytes, or intestinal absorptive cells, are simple columnar epithelial cells which line the inner surface of the small and large intestines. A glycocalyx surface coat contains digestive enzymes. Microvilli on the apical surface increase its surface area. This facilitates transport of numerous small molecules into the enterocyte from the intestinal lumen. These include broken down proteins, fats, and sugars, as well as water, electrolytes, vitamins, and bile salts. Enterocytes also have an endocrine role, secreting hormones such as leptin.