hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mantidactylus betsileanus
Mantidactylus betsileanus is a species of frog in the family Mantellidae.
It is endemic to Madagascar.
Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, rivers, freshwater marshes, intermittent freshwater marshes, arable land, rural gardens, heavily degraded former forest, and seasonally flooded agricultural land.

Breeding takes place in streams, pools, puddles, and rice fields (Vences and Nussbaum 2008)

Possible reasons for amphibian decline

General habitat alteration and loss

Habitat modification from deforestation, or logging related activities

Habitat fragmentation

Habitat fragmentation
Habitat fragmentation describes the emergence of discontinuities (fragmentation) in an organism's preferred environment (habitat), causing population fragmentation and  ecosystem decay. Causes of habitat fragmentation include geological processes that slowly alter the layout of the physical environment (suspected of being one of the major causes of speciation), and human activity such as land conversion, which can alter the environment much faster and causes the population fluctuation of many species. More specifically, habitat fragmentation is a process by which large and contiguous habitats get divided into smaller, isolated patches of habitats.
1911 Australian referendum (Trade and Commerce)
The Constitution Alteration (Legislative Powers) Bill 1910, was put to voters for approval in a referendum held in the 1911 referendums. The bill sought to alter the Australian Constitution to extend the Commonwealth power in respect of trade and commerce, the control of corporations, labour and employment and combinations and monopolies. All of the proposed changes were contained within the one question.

Section 51(i) of the Constitution of Australia
Section 51(i) of the Australian Constitution enables the Parliament of Australia to make laws about:

Trade and commerce with other countries, and among the States;

The meaning of trade and commerce is clarified in section 98 of the Constitution which provides

The power of the Parliament to make laws with respect to trade and commerce extends to navigation and shipping, and to railways the property of any State.
Michael Cordúa
Michael Cordúa (born 1961) is a Nicaraguan-born American restaurateur, entrepreneur, former owner of Cordúa Restaurants, and award-winning self-taught chef. Cordúa is the former owner of six restaurants in the Houston, Texas area. He was the first to introduce Houston to Latin American cuisine that was not Mexican.

Churrasco
Churrasco (Portuguese: [ʃuˈʁasku], Spanish: [tʃuˈrasko]) is the Portuguese and Spanish name for grilled beef prominent in South American and Iberian cuisines, and in particular in Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Argentina. The term is also used in other Spanish- and Portuguese-speaking countries for a variety of different meat products.

The related Brazilian term churrascaria (or churrasquería) is mostly understood to be a steakhouse restaurant serving grilled meat, many offering as much as one can eat: servers move around the restaurant with skewers, slicing meat onto the customer's plate. This serving style is called espeto corrido or rodízio, and is quite popular in Brazil, especially in southern states like Rio Grande do Sul, Paraná, and Santa Catarina.
Finksburg, Maryland
Finksburg is an unincorporated community in Carroll County, Maryland, United States. It is the location of the National Security Agency's EKMS Central Facility. Finksburg is located at the intersection of Maryland Routes 91 and 140, on the border of Carroll and Baltimore counties. It is approximately one mile northwest of the Liberty Reservoir and six miles southeast of Westminster.

Finksburg is named after Adam Fink, who built the first house and was owner of a local tavern and toll road in the early 19th century.

Westminster, Maryland
Westminster is a city in and the county seat of Carroll County, Maryland, United States. The city's population was 19,960 at the 2020 census. Westminster is an outlying community in the Baltimore metropolitan area, which is part of the greater Washington–Baltimore combined statistical area.
Thermal power station Regina Margherita
The thermal power station Regina Margherita was a large power station for the production of electricity, preserved at the Museo nazionale della scienza e della tecnologia Leonardo da Vinci in Milan, Italy. The station opened in 1895 and was originally installed in the Egidio e Pio Gavazzi silk factory in Desio (Milan), where it operated until 1954. It supplied electricity for lighting and for the operation of 1,800 looms, generating alternating electric current at a voltage of 200 V.

Alternator
An alternator (or synchronous generator) is an electrical generator that converts mechanical energy to electrical energy in the form of alternating current. For reasons of cost and simplicity, most alternators use a rotating magnetic field with a stationary armature. Occasionally, a linear alternator or a rotating armature with a stationary magnetic field is used. In principle, any AC electrical generator can be called an alternator, but usually, the term refers to small rotating machines driven by automotive and other internal combustion engines.

An alternator that uses a permanent magnet for its magnetic field is called a magneto. Alternators in power stations driven by steam turbines are called turbo-alternators.  Large 50 or 60 Hz three-phase alternators in power plants generate most of the world's electric power, which is distributed by electric power grids.
Bengal School of Art
The Bengal School of Art, commonly referred as Bengal School, was an art movement and a style of Indian painting that originated in Bengal, primarily Calcutta and Shantiniketan, and flourished throughout the Indian subcontinent, during the British Raj in the early 20th century. Also known as 'Indian style of painting' in its early days, it was associated with Indian nationalism (swadeshi) and led by Abanindranath Tagore (1871–1951), and was also being promoted and supported by British arts administrators like E. B. Havell, the principal of the Government College of Art and Craft, Kolkata from 1896; eventually it led to the development of the modern Indian painting.

Nandalal Bose
Nandalal Bose (3 December 1882 – 16 April 1966) was one of the pioneers of modern Indian art and a key figure of Contextual Modernism.

A pupil of Abanindranath Tagore, Bose was known for his "Indian style" of painting. He became the principal of Kala Bhavan, Santiniketan in 1921. He was influenced by the Tagore family and the murals of Ajanta; his classic works include paintings of scenes from Indian mythologies, women, and village life.

Today, many critics consider his paintings among India's most important modern paintings. In 1976, the Archaeological Survey of India, Department of Culture, Govt. of India declared his works among the "nine artists" whose work, "not being antiquities", were to be henceforth considered "to be art treasures, having regard to their artistic and aesthetic value".

He was given the work of illustrating the Constitution of India.
Where's the Beach
Where's the Beach was a British techno band from late 1980s and early 1990s, consisting of Pete Jones and Adam Marshall, with vocal contributions from Chloe Mac and later Angie Sammons.

They released three 12" singles on their own Liverpool-based Mantra Communications label, and recorded three sessions with John Peel, in 1989, 1990, and 1992. They were awarded 'Single of the Week' by NME for their third 12", "Sex Slave Zombie". In December 1989, NME had commented that Where's the Beach were one of their tips for stardom in the 1990s.  NME's list also included Carter The Unstoppable Sex Machine, The Charlatans, The Mock Turtles, Ride and The Popinjays.

Where's the Beach also undertook gigs supporting The Residents and Aphex Twin, amongst others. In 1996 the contributed a cover of The Fall's "LA" for the compilation Good Evening, We are Not The Fall.

The Charlatans (English band)
The Charlatans (often referred to as The Charlatans UK in the United States) are an English rock band formed in the West Midlands in 1988, and later developed in Northwich, Cheshire.

All of the band's thirteen studio albums have charted in the top 40 of the UK Albums Chart, with three reaching number one. They have also achieved 22 top 40 singles and four top 10 entries in the UK Singles Chart, including the hits "The Only One I Know" and "One to Another".
14th Oklahoma Legislature
The Fourteenth Oklahoma Legislature was a meeting of the legislative branch of the government of Oklahoma, composed of the Oklahoma Senate and the Oklahoma House of Representatives. The state legislature met from January 3 to April 22, 1933, and from May 24 to July 15, 1933, during the term of Governor William H. Murray. the governor had convinced state senator Tom Anglin to run for the Oklahoma House of Representatives, assuring him that he would be elected as Speaker. Under Anglin's leadership, the House approved the governor's proposed budget cuts.

Oklahoma Senate
The Oklahoma Senate is the upper house of the two houses of the Legislature of Oklahoma, the other being the Oklahoma House of Representatives. The total number of senators is set at 48 by the Oklahoma Constitution.

Senators approve or reject gubernatorial appointments, and contribute to the creation of both state law and an annual state budget. Every ten years, they aid in drawing new boundaries for Oklahoma's electoral districts. The Oklahoma Senate also serves as a court of impeachment.

The presiding officer of the Senate is the lieutenant governor of Oklahoma, who is the president of the Senate. Since the 1960s, the president pro tempore of the Senate has presided over daily work. Prior to that time, the president of the Senate took a leading role in the Senate, including appointing committees and members to those committees. The president of the Senate may cast a vote only in the instance of a tie vote and may not vote to create a tie.
'Ala' al-Dawla Simnani
'Ala' al-Dawla Simnani (Persian: علاءالدوله سمنانی; November 1261 – 6 March 1336) was a Persian Sūfī of the Kubrāwī order, a writer and a teacher of Sufism. He was born in Semnan, Iran. He studied the tradition of Sufism from Nur al-Din Isfarayini. He also wrote many books on Sufism and Islam. Among his students were Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadani and Ashraf Jahangir Semnani

There was disagreement in those days among ulema and Sufis about various cultural issues, most notably the distinction of Persianate Ajami Islam that was more widespread than
the more puritanical Arabized forms. Some proponents of Arabized Islam were furious at Sufi elements that blended elements of Hinduism and deviated from the most strict interpretations of Shari'a. Simnani was a central figure in these debates as the intellectual wellspring of Central Asian mysticism, contrasted with the views of Ibn Arabi, who decried the Sufi philosophies.

Ajam
ʿAjam (Arabic: عجم, lit. 'mute') is an Arabic word for a non-Arab, especially a Persian.: 26–27  It was historically used as a pejorative—figuratively ascribing muteness to those whose native language is not Arabic—during and after the Muslim conquest of Iran. Since the early Muslim conquests, it has been adopted in various non-Arabic languages, such as Turkish, Azerbaijani, Chechen, Kurdish, Malay, Sindhi, Urdu, Hindi, Bengali, Punjabi, Kashmiri, and Swahili. Today, the terms ʿAjam and ʿAjamī continue to be used to refer to anyone or anything Iranian, particularly in the Arab countries of the Persian Gulf. Communities speaking the Persian language in the Arab world exist among the Iraqis, the Kuwaitis, and the Bahrainis, in addition to others. A number of Arabs with Iranian heritage may have the surname ʿAjamī (عجمي), which has the same meaning as the original word.
Mark Flythe
Mark Lloyd Flythe (born October 4, 1968) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive end for the New York Giants of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Penn State Nittany Lions.

Penn State Nittany Lions football
The Penn State Nittany Lions team represents the Pennsylvania State University in college football. The Nittany Lions compete in the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) as a member of the Big Ten Conference, which they joined in 1993 after playing as an Independent from 1892 to 1992.

Established in 1887, the Nittany Lions have achieved numerous on-field successes, including two consensus national championships in 1982 and 1986; four Big Ten Conference championships in 1994, 2005, 2008 and 2016; 13 undefeated seasons in 1887, 1894, 1909, 1911, 1912, 1920, 1921, 1947, 1968, 1969, 1973, 1986 and 1994; and 53 appearances in college bowl games, with an all-time post-season bowl record of 32–20–2. The team ranks seventh among NCAA Division I college football programs in all-time total wins.

The Nittany Lions play their home games at Beaver Stadium, located on campus in University Park, Pennsylvania.
Marian (surname)
Marian is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Boris Marian (born 1934), Moldovan writer, translator, journalist and Soviet dissident

Ciobann Marian, Romanian sprint canoeist

Ferdinand Marian (1902–1946), Austrian actor

Michèle Marian (born 1963), German actress

Radu Marian (born 1977), Moldovan sopranist

Simion Florea Marian (1847–1907), Romanian folklorist and ethnographer

Victor Marian (born 1984), Moldovan footballer

Viorica Marian, Moldovan-born American psychologist and professor

Radu Marian (sopranist)
Radu Marian (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈradu mariˈan]; born 1977) is a Moldovan male soprano (sopranist).

He possesses a pure soprano voice in the range of C4 to C6, and he is considered an important singer in Baroque music. His repertoire incorporates cantatas written for soprano by composers like Händel, Bononcini, Carissimi, and Frescobaldi, and the repertoire of the old castrati. He has been called "the Baroque nightingale" by the Italian newspaper Corriere della Sera.

Marian is an "endocrinological castrato" or "natural castrato". A natural castrato is a male singer who never went through puberty and is able to keep his "unbroken" voice intact without castration.
Hamir Jiva Vankar
Hamir Jiva Vankar was an Indian politician. He was elected to the Saurashtra Legislative Assembly from the Scheduled Castes reserved seat of the Limbdi Wadhwani constituency in the 1952 election, standing as the Socialist Party candidate. The constituency was not a socialist stronghold, the socialist candidate for the unreserved seat of the same constituency finished in fourth place with 8.96% of the votes. Vankar was elected unopposed, as the nomination papers of the Indian National Congress candidate had been rejected. Vankar's election was challenged in a petition to the Election Commission of India from the Congress candidate Madhavi Meghjibhai Manabhai, who claimed his candidature had been 'improperly rejected'.

Saurashtra (state)
Saurashtra State, formally known as the United State of Kathiawar and later the United State of Saurashtra, was a state of India that existed between 1948 and 1956. It was located on the peninsula of Kathiawar, and Rajkot was its capital.
Redneck Revolt
Redneck Revolt was an American political group that organized predominantly among working-class people. The group supported gun rights and members often openly carried firearms. Its political positions were anti-capitalist, anti-racist and anti-fascist. Founded in Kansas in 2009, members were present at several protests against Donald Trump and against the far-right in 2017. According to its official website, the organization disbanded in 2019.

Antifa: The Anti-Fascist Handbook
Antifa: The Anti-Fascist Handbook is a 2017 book written by American historian Mark Bray and published by Melville House Publishing, which explores the history of anti-fascist movements since the 1920s and 1930s and their contemporary resurgence.
Yasmeen Khair
Yasmeen Khair (born 27 June 1987) is a Jordanian footballer who plays as a defender for local Women's League club Shabab Al-Ordon. She is as well a former Arab gold medalist of the Jordanian National Gymnastics team.

Yasmeen competed in eleven international matches in a total of three international tournament: four qualifying matches for 2010 in China, three group stage matches for 2014 in Vietnam, three group stage matches for 2018 in Jordan, and one friendlies women match with Japan in 2017.

Yasmeen was a member of the Jordanian National Gymnastics Team until she was 16. She has been crowned four-time Arab gold medalist, three-time West Asia gold medalist and five-time youth gymnastics gold medalist. Currently, Khair plays as a defender for the Jordan national women's football team and the Shabab Al-Ordon women's team.

Jordan Women's Pro League
The Jordan Women's Pro League (Arabic: الدوري الأردني النسوي للمحترفات) is the highest league of women's football in Jordan. Along with the First Division, it forms the league system. It is run by the Jordan Football Association and began in 2005.

The league has been known under names throughout its history: 1st Women's League in 2005, Orange A League between 2013 and 2015, Division 1 from 2015–16 to 2018, and Jordan Women's Pro League since the 2019 season.
Darrow, Louisiana
Darrow is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Ascension Parish, Louisiana, United States. It was first listed as a CDP in the 2020 census with a population of 200.

It is the location of three properties listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places: Bocage, Helvetia Dependency, and Hermitage plantations. Darrow also is the home to the childhood house of James Carville after it was moved down the Mississippi River from Carville, Louisiana.

Carville, Louisiana
Carville is a neighborhood of St. Gabriel, located in Iberville Parish in southern Louisiana, sixteen miles south of Baton Rouge, on the Mississippi River. Best known as the childhood hometown of political consultant James Carville, it is also known for its sixty-five-year history as the only place in America to treat leprosy until outpatient treatment became viable in 1981. Nowadays, that legacy is celebrated at the National Hansen’s Disease Museum, which educates visitors about the condition.
Ivanovsky District, Amur Oblast
Ivanovsky District  (Russian: Ива́новский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty in Amur Oblast, Russia. The area of the district is 2,655 square kilometers (1,025 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Ivanovka. Population: 26,509 (2010 census); 29,496 (2002 Census); 32,488 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Ivanovka accounts for 25.0% of the district's total population.

Amur Oblast
Amur Oblast (/əˈmʊər ˈɒblæst/) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located on the banks of the Amur and Zeya rivers in the Russian Far East. The oblast borders Heilongjiang province of the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the south.

The administrative center of the oblast, the city of Blagoveshchensk, is one of the oldest settlements in the far east of the country, founded in 1856. It is a traditional center of trade and gold mining. The territory is accessed by two railways: the Trans-Siberian Railway and the Baikal–Amur Mainline. As of the 2021 Census, the oblast's population was 766,912.
French Prealps
The French Prealps (French: Préalpes françaises [pʁealp fʁɑ̃sɛːz]) are a group of subalpine mountain ranges of medium elevation located immediately west of the French Alps. They roughly stretch from Lake Geneva southwest to the rivers Isère and Drôme; east to a line running from Chamonix, to Albertville, to Grenoble, to Gap, to Barcelonette; and south from Grasse to Vence.

In the northern subalpine regions, the various ranges are easily identifiable by geographical separations, such as the Voreppe Gorge between Vercors and Chartreuse, or Chambéry, which sits in a valley between the Bauges and Chartreuse ranges. In the southern subalpine regions, the ranges are generally disorganized and lack the wide, deep valleys that divide them in the north.

Three non-contiguous ranges traditionally comprise the southern French Prealps: the Alpilles, Mont Sainte-Victoire and Sainte-Baume.

Montagne Sainte-Victoire
Montagne Sainte-Victoire (Provençal Occitan: Venturi / Santa Venturi according to classical orthography and Ventùri / Santo Ventùri according to Mistralian orthography) is a limestone mountain ridge in the south of France which extends over 18 km (11 mi) between the départements of Bouches-du-Rhône and Var. Its highest point is the Pic des mouches at 1,011 metres (3,317 ft); this is not however the highest point in Bouches-du-Rhône, which is instead found in the Sainte-Baume massif. The Croix de Provence is a notable feature of the mountain. At a height of 19 metres, this cross, although not placed at the highest point of the mountain, stands out from the ridge far more than the Pic des Mouches.

The mountain is celebrated for its many appearances in a series of paintings by Paul Cézanne (1839–1906), who could see it from near his house in nearby Aix-en-Provence.
Amir Hosein Fardi
Amir Hosein Fardi (Persian: امیرحسین فردی, born 1949 in Ardabil – died 2013 Tehran) – was an Iranian Azerbaijani writer of Persian literature in occupation Dastan and Fiction of Islamic Revolution. He was a member of the fiction council at the Institute for Intellectual Development of Children and Young Adults (IIDCYA). Fardi was the editor-in-chief of the renowned children's monthly Kayhan Bacheha for 31 years. The events of the revolution expand his consciousness and he discovers a new ideology for the remainder of his life. The Nest in Fog and, A World of Butterflies and The Black Grass is among his credits. His funeral was present Gholam-Ali Haddad-Adel and Mohammad Hosseini minister of culture Ahmadinejad. also Khamenei for his death wrote a letter.

Iranian Azerbaijanis
Iranian Azerbaijanis are a Turkic ethnic group native to the Iranian Azerbaijan region (including provinces of East Azerbaijan, Ardabil, Zanjan and West Azerbaijan). They also live in smaller numbers in other provinces, such as Kurdistan, Qazvin, Hamadan, Gilan, Markazi and Kermanshah. Iranian Azerbaijanis constitute the largest ethnic minority in Iran and make up significant minorities in Tehran, Karaj, and elsewhere in Iran. Most Iranian Azerbaijanis are bilingual in Azerbaijani and Persian.
2nd Guards Tank Army
The 2nd Guards Tank Army (Russian: 2-я гвардейская танковая армия, romanized: 2-ya gvardeyskaya tankovaya armiya) was a large military formation of the Red Army and Soviet Army, later part of the Russian Ground Forces of the Russian Federation.

The army was originally formed in early 1943 as the 2nd Tank Army. It was the first Red Army unit to enter Berlin during the Battle of Berlin.

Field army
A field army (also known as numbered army or simply army) is a military formation in many armed forces, composed of two or more corps. It may be subordinate to an army group. Air armies are the equivalent formations in air forces, and fleets in navies. A field army is composed of 80,000 to 300,000 soldiers.
Megawati Hangestri Pertiwi
Megawati Hangestri Pertiwi (born 20 September 1999), often known mononymously as Megawati, is an Indonesian indoor volleyball player. She is a member of the Indonesia women's national volleyball team.

Megawati participated in the 2017 SEA Games. In the semifinal, she contributed the highest points when competing with Vietnam in five sets and made Indonesia qualify for the final after the last time in 1991. In the final, Indonesia lost to Thailand and won a silver medal. In 2023, Megawati was contracted with the Red Sparks.

Volleyball at the 2017 SEA Games
Volleyball at the 2017 SEA Games in Kuala Lumpur were held at Malaysia International Trade & Exhibition Centre in Kuala Lumpur from 21 to 27 August 2017.

The 2017 Games will feature competitions in two events.