hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cory Pass Loop
The Cory Pass Loop is a trail in Banff National Park. The pass is located outside the city of Banff, Alberta, between Mount Edith and Mount Cory. It opens to Gargoyle Valley, with the trail circling the east side of Mount Edith and returning to the trailhead. The total elevation gain is 915 m (3,000 ft), and the total distance is 13 km (8.1 mi).

Mount Edith
Mount Edith is a mountain located in the Bow River valley of Banff National Park. Situated in the Sawback Range, it comprises three limestone peaks (south, centre, north) with the southern peak being the highest followed by the centre and northern peaks respectively. All three peaks can be scrambled with the southern peak demanding the highest difficulty on the west side.

The mountain was named in 1886 for Edith Orde who worked as an assistant to Lady Agnes Macdonald, the wife of Canada's first prime minister.
George Benson (British politician)
Sir George Benson (3 May 1889 – 17 August 1973) was a British Labour Party politician.

The son of T. D. Benson, treasurer of the Independent Labour Party (ILP), George was educated at Manchester Grammar School, Manchester and became clerk in an  estate office. During the First World War he was imprisoned as a conscientious objector. He served as Member of Parliament (MP) for Chesterfield from 1929 to 1931, and from 1935 to 1964 and was knighted in 1958.  George was the grandfather of Paddy Benson.

Benson wrote on financial matters and authored a book on the history of socialism. He was chairman of the Howard League for Penal Reform and a member of the Home Office Advisory Council on delinquency.

Conscientious objector
A conscientious objector is an "individual who has claimed the right to refuse to perform military service" on the grounds of freedom of conscience or religion. The term has also been extended to objecting to working for the military–industrial complex due to a crisis of conscience. In some countries, conscientious objectors are assigned to an alternative civilian service as a substitute for conscription or military service.

A number of organizations around the world celebrate the principle on May 15 as International Conscientious Objection Day.

On March 8, 1995, the United Nations Commission on Human Rights resolution 1995/83 stated that "persons performing military service should not be excluded from the right to have conscientious objections to military service". This was re-affirmed on April 22, 1998, when resolution 1998/77 recognized that "persons [already] performing military service may develop conscientious objections".
Andrew Bragg
Andrew James Bragg (born 11 July 1984) is an Australian politician who was elected as a Senator for New South Wales at the 2019 federal election. He is a member of the Liberal Party. A member of several committees related to finance and technology, Bragg advocates changes to the Australian retirement system and supports the 2017 Uluru Statement from the Heart.

The Daily Telegraph (Sydney)
The Daily Telegraph, nicknamed The Tele, is an Australian tabloid newspaper published by Nationwide News Pty Limited (NWN), a subsidiary of News Corp Australia, itself a subsidiary of News Corp. It is published Monday through Saturday and is available throughout Sydney, across most of regional and remote New South Wales, the Australian Capital Territory and South East Queensland.

A 2013 poll conducted by Essential Research found that the Telegraph was Australia's least-trusted major newspaper, with 49% of respondents citing "a lot of" or "some" trust in the paper. Amongst those ranked by Nielsen, the Telegraph's website is the sixth most popular Australian news website with a unique monthly audience of 2,841,381 readers.
Duncan McLennan
Duncan McLennan (17 September 1861 – 21 May 1946) was an Australian politician.

He was born in Strathalbyn in South Australia to farmer Kenneth McLennan and Margaret McGregor. The family moved to Ailsa in Victoria around 1873, and McLennan became a farmer in the area. Around 1890 he married Willena McDonald, with whom he had three children. He served on Dimboola Shire Council from 1889 to 1890. He moved to Geelong in 1910, where he was director of Federal Woollen Mills and from 1913 to 1937 Melbourne Harbour Trust commissioner. He was closely involved with non-Labor politics as a founding chairman of the People's Party, and in 1917 was elected to the Victorian Legislative Assembly for Barwon for the Nationalist Party's Economy faction. He was defeated in 1920 and failed in an attempt to return to the parliament in 1921. McLennan died in Geelong in 1946.

Nationalist Party (Australia)
The Nationalist Party, also known as the National Party, was an Australian political party. It was formed in February 1917 from a merger between the Liberal Party and the National Labor Party, the latter formed by Prime Minister Billy Hughes and his supporters after the 1916 Labor Party split over World War I conscription. The Nationalist Party was established as a 'united' non-Labor opposition that had remained a political trend once the Labor party established itself in federal politics. The party  was in government (from 1923 in coalition with the Country Party) until electoral defeat in 1929. From that time it was the main opposition to the Labor Party until it merged with pro-Joseph Lyons Labor defectors to form the United Australia Party (UAP) in 1931. The party is a direct ancestor of the Liberal Party of Australia, the main centre-right party in Australia.
Thomas Blain
Thomas Goad Blain (11 March 1827 – 10 March 1878) was an English cricketer active in the early 1850s, playing in three first-class cricket matches.

Blain made his debut in first-class cricket for a Lancashire XI in 1851 against a Yorkshire XI at the Botanical Gardens in Manchester. The following season he played a further two first-class matches for Manchester against the Marylebone Cricket Club at Lord's and against Sheffield at the Botanical Gardens. He scored a total of 28 runs in his three matches, with a high score of 10.

He died in Chislehurst, Kent on 10 March 1878, a day shy of his 51st birthday.

Chislehurst
Chislehurst (/ˈtʃɪzəlˌhɜːrst/) is an affluent suburban district of south-east London, England, in the London Borough of Bromley. It lies east of Bromley, south-west of Sidcup and north-west of Orpington, 10 miles (16 km) south-east of Charing Cross. Before the creation of Greater London in 1965, it was in Kent. According to the 2021 census, Chislehurst has a population of 15,600 (rounded to the nearest 100).
Schwanden railway station
Schwanden railway station (German: Bahnhof Schwanden) is a railway station in the municipality of Glarus Süd in the Swiss canton of Glarus. It is an intermediate stop on the Weesen to Linthal railway line, and serves the village of Schwanden.

Between 1905 and 1969, the station was the terminus of the Sernftal tramway, a metre gauge tramway that ran up the valley of the Sernf to Elm, and was the predecessor of the Sernftalbus service on the same route.

St. Gallen S-Bahn
The St. Gallen S-Bahn (German: S-Bahn St. Gallen) is an S-Bahn-style commuter rail in Eastern Switzerland and neighbouring areas. The network connects stations in the Swiss cantons of Appenzell Ausserrhoden, Appenzell Innerrhoden, Glarus, Grisons, Schaffhausen, St. Gallen, Thurgau and Zurich, as well as a few stations in Austria (Bregenz, Vorarlberg) and Germany (Konstanz, Baden-Württemberg and Lindau, Bavaria). Some services also operate as part of the Bodensee S-Bahn.

Services are operated by Appenzeller Bahnen (AB), Südostbahn (SOB), and Thurbo. Within Switzerland and until Konstanz, services operate within the Tarifverbund Ostwind (Ostwind fare network)  of northeastern Switzerland and Liechtenstein.
Lectionary 282
Lectionary 282, designated by siglum ℓ 282 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering) is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 14th century.
Scrivener labelled it as 161e.

The manuscript has no complex contents.

Scribal abbreviation
Scribal abbreviations, or sigla (singular: siglum), are abbreviations used by ancient and medieval scribes writing in various languages, including Latin, Greek, Old English and Old Norse.

In modern manuscript editing (substantive and mechanical) sigla are the symbols used to indicate the source manuscript (e.g. variations in text between different such manuscripts).
2020–21 Promotion League
The 2020–21 Promotion League season was the 9th edition (the 7th since its name change). The league is the third highest level in the Swiss football league system, behind the Super League and the Challenge League.

Swiss football league system
The Swiss football league system, is a series of interconnected leagues for association football clubs in Switzerland, with seven teams from Liechtenstein, and one each from exclaves of Germany and Italy, also competing. The system has a hierarchical format with promotion and relegation between leagues at different levels, allowing even the smallest club the possibility of ultimately rising to the very top of the system. The first two levels of the system are collectively called Swiss Football League.

Liechtenstein does not have its own national league, therefore its teams compete in the Swiss leagues; see List of association football clubs playing in the league of another country.
Bobby Rainey
Bobby Gene Rainey, Jr. (born October 16, 1987) is an American former professional football player who was a running back and return specialist in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Western Kentucky Hilltoppers, earning second-team All-American honors in 2011. Rainey signed with the Baltimore Ravens as an undrafted free agent after the 2012 NFL draft. He also played for the Cleveland Browns, the Tampa Bay Buccaneers and the New York Giants.

Return specialist
A return specialist, subcategorized as kick or punt returners, is a player on the special teams unit of a gridiron football team who specializes in returning kickoffs and punts. There are few players who are exclusively return specialists; most also play another position such as wide receiver, cornerback, or running back. The special teams counterpart of a return specialist is a kicking specialist.

According to All-American Venric Mark, "Returning punts is harder. You have to judge the ball more, you have to know when to fair catch and when not to. You can't be a superhero and try to catch everything. With kickoff returns, you catch the ball and—boom—you're going."
Carlos Albert
Carlos Albert Andrés (born 24 February 1978) is a Spanish sculptor. He was one of  the Group 99, whose manifesto intends to exalt the traditional values art. Albert works mainly with wrought iron and weathering steel. He considers Sculpture to share many of the features of drawing, and emphasizes in his work, skill and handling of these materials, especially iron, making drawings of his pieces "three-dimensional" creating empty spaces in the masses from tracks that seem to come alive. In his artistic creations is more important what he evokes and suggests to the viewer that what is represented. His career is part of abstract art.

Cangas, Pontevedra
Cangas, also known as Cangas do Morrazo, is a seaside resort in southwestern Galicia, Spain. It is both a town and municipality in the province of Pontevedra. Its area is about 38,1 km2 and has a population of around 26,087 inhabitants.
Shaun the Sheep (video game)
Shaun the Sheep is a 2008 adventure game developed by Art Co., Ltd and published by D3Publisher's America and Europe branches for the Nintendo DS handheld console. The game is based on the popular Aardman Animations series of the same name and was released on September 23, 2008 in the United States. In the game, Shaun must find and rescue the sheep before the farmer gets home.

Aardman Animations
Aardman Animations Limited, known simply as Aardman, is a British animation studio based in Bristol, England. It is known for films and television series made using stop-motion and clay animation techniques, particularly those featuring its plasticine characters from Wallace & Gromit,
Chicken Run, Shaun the Sheep, and Morph. After some experimental computer-animated short films during the late 1990s, beginning with Owzat (1997), Aardman entered the computer animation market with Flushed Away (2006). As of February 2020, it had earned $1.1 billion worldwide, with an average $135.6 million per film. Between 2000 and 2006, Aardman collaborated with DreamWorks Animation.

Aardman's films have been consistently well-received. Their stop-motion films are among the highest-grossing produced, with their 2000 debut, Chicken Run, being their top-grossing film, as well as the highest-grossing stop-motion film of all time. A sequel, Chicken Run: Dawn of the Nugget, was released in 2023.
1590 Tsiolkovskaja
1590 Tsiolkovskaja, provisional designation 1933 NA, is a stony Flora asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 11 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 1 July 1933, by Soviet–Russian astronomer Grigory Neujmin at Simeiz Observatory, on the Crimean peninsula. It was named for rocket scientist Konstantin Tsiolkovsky.

Simeiz Observatory
Simeiz Observatory (also spelled Simeis or Simeïs) was an astronomy research observatory until the mid-1950s. It is located on Mount Koshka, Crimea, by the town of Simeiz.

Part of the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory, it is currently used for laser based studies of the orbits of satellites.

The Minor Planet Center (MPC) credits Simeiz Observatory as the location where a total of 150 minor planets were discovered by astronomers Grigory Neujmin, Sergey Belyavsky, Vladimir Albitsky, Grigory Shajn, Nikolaj Ivanov, Pelageya Shajn, Praskov'ja Parchomenko, Alexander Deutsch and Evgenij Skvorcov.

As of 2017, the discovery of the minor planet 369010 Ira is directly credited to Simeiz Observatory by the MPC.
Leaders of the 2011 Chilean protests
The 2011 Chilean protests over the education have been primarily led by the CONFECH, the student unions association of Chile's 25 traditional universities, and CONES the student union association of secondary students of Chile. The student union leaders of emblematic universities (e.g. University of Chile and Pontifical Catholic University of Chile) and schools (e.g. Instituto Nacional) account for most of the movements leadership at national level.

Instituto Nacional General José Miguel Carrera
Instituto Nacional General José Miguel Carrera, often shortened to Instituto Nacional (National Institute), is a public middle and high school in downtown Santiago, Chile which teaches 4,400 students between 7th and 12th grade. 170 teachers are employed.

The school was founded on August 10, 1813 by José Miguel Carrera. Its official name is Liceo Ex A-0 - Instituto Nacional General José Miguel Carrera. The Instituto Nacional is one of the few public schools in Chile's largely privatized educational landscape. The school played a role in the long-running student protests for fairer education policies in 2006. When the protests began in 2019 with the increase in metro prices, the students at the Instituto Nacional called for collective fare evasion.
T.V. Lark
T.V. Lark (February 12, 1957 – 1975) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. He was named the American Champion Turf Horse of 1961 after winning the Santa Catalina, Los Angeles, Hawthorne Gold Cup and Knickerbocker Handicaps and the Washington, D.C. International Stakes. He was also the leading sire in North America in 1974.

Robert B. Lewis Stakes
The Robert B. Lewis Stakes is a Grade III American Thoroughbred horse race for three year old horses at the distance of one mile on the dirt held annually in late January or early February at Santa Anita Park in Arcadia, California.
Francesca Gherardi
Francesca Gherardi (12 November 1955 – 14 February 2013) was an Italian zoologist, ethologist, and ecologist. Most of her work was performed at the Department of Biology of the University of Florence, Italy, where she was a researcher and an associate professor.

Decapod
The Decapoda or decapods (from Ancient Greek δεκάς (dekás), meaning "ten", and πούς (poús), meaning "foot") is a large order of crustaceans within the class Malacostraca, and includes crabs, lobsters, crayfish, shrimp, and prawns. Most decapods are scavengers. The order is estimated to contain nearly 15,000 extant species in around 2,700 genera, with around 3,300 fossil species. Nearly half of these species are crabs, with the shrimp (about 3,000 species) and Anomura including hermit crabs, king crabs, porcelain crabs, squat lobsters (about 2500 species) making up the bulk of the remainder. The earliest fossils of the group date to the Devonian.
Mary Virginia Merrick
Mary Virginia Merrick (November 2, 1866 – January 10, 1955), born in Washington, DC, was a pioneer in American Catholic social reform. At age 20, despite being paralyzed from a fall, she started the Christ Child Society in 1887 to provide for needy infants, children, and their families in the Washington, D.C. area. During her lifetime, she grew the National Christ Child Society to 38 chapters, and today it operates 45 chapters in 21 states and in DC with nearly 6,000 members.

Merrick's cause for beatification was opened in 2001 in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Washington; Merrick was designated a Servant of God in 2003.

Archdiocese of Washington
The Archdiocese of Washington (Latin: Archidiœcesis Metropolitae Vashingtonensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory, or archdiocese, of the Catholic Church for the District of Columbia and several Maryland counties in the United States.

The Archdiocese of Washington is home to the Catholic University of America and Georgetown University. The archdiocese is also home to the Basilica of the National Shrine of the Immaculate Conception. The only suffragan diocese of the archdiocese is the Diocese of Saint Thomas.

The mother church of the archdiocese is the Cathedral of St. Matthew the Apostle in downtown Washington. Robert McElroy was installed as the eighth Archbishop of Washington on March 11, 2025.
Isra Hirsi
Isra Hirsi (born February 22, 2003) is an American environmental activist. She co-founded and served as the co-executive director of the U.S. Youth Climate Strike. In 2020, she was named in the Fortune's 40 Under 40 Government and Politics list. She is the daughter of U.S. Representative Ilhan Omar.

40 Under 40
Fortune magazine's 40 Under 40 is a list of individuals the publication considers to be the most influential young leaders for the year. The list has existed in two phases: From 1999 to 2003, the list was presented purely as a numeric ranking of wealth, capturing the first dot com boom. The current iteration started in 2009 and is a subjective ranking of power and influence.  The list includes business executives, political figures, sportsmen, fashion designers, and others who are under the age of forty years old. The majority of the list members are business executives from the tech industry.

The list often features business men and women who have made their names in various enterprises, and does not always choose candidates from blue chip industries.
Bonnar
Bonnar is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Colm Bonnar (born 1964), Irish former hurling player

Conal Bonnar (born 1969), Irish hurling player

Cormac Bonnar (born 1959), Irish hurling player

Joanne Bonnar, Scottish television news reporter

John James Bonnar (1818–1905), headmaster and lawyer in South Australia and New South Wales

Joseph Bonnar (1948–2017), English rugby league footballer

Mark Bonnar (born 1968), Scottish actor

Scott Bonnar (c. 1893–1961), built lawnmowers in South Australia

Stephan Bonnar (1977–2022), American mixed martial arts fighter

Joe Bonnar
Joseph "Joe" Bonnar (birth registered second ¼ 1948 – 11 February 2017) was an English professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1960s and 1970s. He played at representative level for Cumberland, and at club level for Hensingham ARLFC (in Hensingham, Whitehaven), Whitehaven, Wakefield Trinity and Halifax.
A Way of Life (Suicide album)
A Way of Life is the third studio album by Suicide, released in 1988. It was first distributed by Chapter 22 Records, then received wider global distribution through Wax Trax! Records a year later.  Visual artist Stefan Roloff produced a music video for the song "Dominic Christ" and Suicide went overseas to promote the album by performing the single "Surrender" in Paris which was aired on French television. In 2005, it was remastered containing a slight remix by Martin Rev and redistributed by Mute Record's Blast First sub-label with an additional disc of live material.

Wax Trax! Records
Wax Trax! Records is an American independent record label based in Chicago.  The label was purchased by TVT Records in 1992 and was discontinued in 2001. In 2014, it was re-established by Julia Nash, daughter of co-founder Jim Nash. On February 6, 2025 the Commission on Chicago Landmarks unanimously voted to declare the old Chicago storefront a landmark.

Richard Giraldi of the Chicago Sun-Times wrote, "As important as Chess Records was to blues and soul music, Chicago's Wax Trax imprint was just as significant to the punk rock, new wave and industrial genres."  According to critic Greg Kot, the legacy of Wax Trax is trusting the artist.
Jan Schulz
Jan Schulz (May 1899 – May 1953) was a Czech chess master.

He took 2nd, behind Karel Opočenský, at Belun 1916; won at Prague 1920, tied for 6-8th at Prague 1921 (Karel Hromádka and František Treybal won), tied for 5-7th at Brno 1921 (Hromádka, Karel Treybal and Ladislav Prokeš won), and won at Prague 1924 (1st Kautsky Memorial).

Schulz played for Czechoslovakia in 1st unofficial Chess Olympiad in Paris in 1924, and won the team gold medal there. He also played in the 2nd Chess Olympiad at The Hague 1928.

He tied for 3rd-5th at Bratislava 1925 (Richard Réti won), took 6th at Bardejov 1926 (Hermanis Matisons and Savielly Tartakower won), took 5th at Trencianske Teplice (Karl Gilg and Boris Kostić won), shared 1st with Karel Skalička and Prokop at Prague 1926 (3rd Kautsky Memorial), tied for 5-8th at Prague 1927 (Hromádka won), took 2nd, behind Opočensky, at Brno 1929, and tied for 5-6th at Mnichovo Hradiště (Efim Bogoljubow won).

1st unofficial Chess Olympiad
The 1st Team Chess Tournament was held together with the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris, 12–20 July 1924, at the Hotel Majestic. Fifty-four players representing 18 countries were split into nine preliminary groups of six. The winner of each round qualified for the Championship while the rest joined an eight-round Swiss consolation tournament. The event was organized by the French Chess Federation (FFE) after they unsuccessfully campaigned to include chess as an Olympic sport in the 1924 Summer Olympics.
Leakage (machine learning)
In statistics and machine learning, leakage (also known as data leakage or target leakage) refers to the use of information during model training that would not be available at prediction time. This results in overly optimistic performance estimates, as the model appears to perform better during evaluation than it actually would in a production environment.

Leakage is often subtle and indirect, making it difficult to detect and eliminate. It can lead a statistician or modeler to select a suboptimal model, which may be outperformed by a leakage-free alternative.

Oversampling and undersampling in data analysis
Within statistics, oversampling and undersampling in data analysis are techniques used to adjust the class distribution of a data set (i.e. the ratio between the different classes/categories represented). These terms are used both in statistical sampling, survey design methodology and in machine learning.

Oversampling and undersampling are opposite and roughly equivalent techniques. There are also more complex oversampling techniques, including the creation of artificial data points with algorithms like synthetic minority oversampling technique.