hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
O-Gon Kwon
O-Gon Kwon (Korean: 권오곤; Hanja: 權五坤; born 2 September 1953) is a South Korean jurist, best known for being one of the three judges in the trial of Slobodan Milošević. He also sat on the bench for the trial of former Bosnian Serb leader Radovan Karadžić.  He served as President of the Assembly of States Parties to the Rome Statute of the ICC, and since December 2025 is member of the Board of Directors of the Trust Fund for Victims at the International Criminal Court.

Trial of Slobodan Milošević
The war crimes trial of Slobodan Milošević, the former President of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, at the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) lasted for just over four years from 2002 until his death in 2006. Milošević faced 66 counts of crimes against humanity, genocide, and war crimes committed during the Yugoslav Wars of the 1990s. He pleaded not guilty to all the charges.

In 2016, the ICTY issued a judgement in the separate trial of Radovan Karadžić, which concluded that there was no evidence from that particular trial that Milošević had "participated in the realization of the common criminal objective" and that he "and other Serbian leaders openly criticised Bosnian Serb leaders of committing crimes against humanity and ethnic cleansing and the war for their own purposes" during the Bosnian War.
Gerardo Roxas y Luis
Gerardo Roxas y Luis (fl. estimated between 1839 and 1887 – April 21, 1891 on Panay, Philippines) was the father of Manuel Roxas, the fifth President of the Philippines. Roxas was also the great-grandfather of former senator and Secretary of the Interior and Local Government, Mar Roxas.

Roxas served as a military soldier and servant in the Spanish Colonial Era in the Philippines.

Secretary of the Interior and Local Government
The secretary of the interior and local government (Filipino: Kalihim ng Interyor at Pamahalaang Lokal) is the member of the Cabinet in charge of the Department of the Interior and Local Government.

The seat of the secretary of the interior and local government is currently held by Jonvic Remulla since 2024.
Penn's Landing
Penn's Landing is a waterfront area of Center City Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, situated along the Delaware River. Its name commemorates the landing of William Penn, the founder of Pennsylvania, in 1682. The actual landing site is farther south, in Chester. The city of Philadelphia purchased the right to use the name. Penn's Landing is bounded by Front Street to the west, the Delaware River to the east, Spring Garden Street to the north, and Washington Avenue to the south, and is primarily focused on the Christopher Columbus Boulevard (Delaware Avenue) corridor.

Development of the area is handled by the Delaware River Waterfront Corporation.  The corporation is a non-profit that was established in 2009 to manage the publicly owned land on the central waterfront on behalf of the City of Philadelphia and the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.

William Penn Landing Site
The monument at the William Penn Landing Site in Chester, Pennsylvania marks the spot of the first landing of William Penn on the territory of Pennsylvania, on October 28 or 29, 1682 (O.S.).  Penn, the founder of the Province of Pennsylvania, landed in the only town in the province, then known as Upland.

The monument at the site was designed by John Struthers, erected on November 8 and dedicated November 9, 1882 (N.S.)  The landing site was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1971.
John Gilchrist Inglis
Vice-Admiral Sir John Gilchrist Thesiger Inglis, KBE, CB (8 June 1906 – 29 October 1972), sometimes known as Tommy Inglis, was a Royal Navy officer who served as Director of Naval Intelligence from 1954 to 1960. In this capacity, he attempted to cover-up the "Buster Crabb affair" in 1956.

Cover-up
A cover-up is an attempt, whether successful or not, to conceal evidence of wrongdoing, error, incompetence, or other embarrassing information. Research has distinguished personal cover-ups (covering up one's own misdeeds) from relational cover-ups (covering up someone else's misdeeds).

The expression is usually applied to people in positions of authority who abuse power to avoid or silence criticism or to deflect guilt of wrongdoing. Perpetrators of a cover-up (initiators or their allies) may be responsible for a misdeed, a breach of trust or duty, or a crime.
Sowinko
Sowinko [sɔˈvinkɔ] (formerly German Neu Zowen) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Polanów, within Koszalin County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 16 km (10 mi) north-west of Polanów, 21 km (13 mi) east of Koszalin, and 153 km (95 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

The village has a population of 100.

Koszalin County
Koszalin County (Polish: powiat koszaliński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland, on the Baltic coast. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Koszalin, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The county contains three towns: Sianów, 10 km (6 mi) north-east of Koszalin, Bobolice, 37 km (23 mi) south-east of Koszalin, and Polanów, 35 km (22 mi) east of Koszalin.

The county covers an area of 1,669.09 square kilometres (644.4 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 64,087, out of which the population of Sianów is 6,543, that of Bobolice is 4,446, that of Polanów is 2,967, and the rural population is 50,131.
B. B. Ningaiah
B. B. Ningaiah (born 1959) is an Indian politician from the state of Karnataka. He was a minister in the Government of Karnataka and a two term member of the Karnataka Legislative Assembly from Mudigere Assembly constituency.

He is from Mudigere, Chikmagalur district, Karnataka. He is the son of Bommaiah. He completed his MA in economics in 1982 at Mangalore University and later did LLB in 2003 at Bangalore University.

He won from Mudigere Assembly constituency in Chikmagalur district in the 2013 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election representing Janata Dal (Secular) defeating B. N. Chandrappa of the Indian National Congress by a margin of 635 votes. He first became an MLA winning the 1985 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election on Janata Party ticket. But he lost the 2018 Assembly election to MP Kumaraswamy of the BJP.

Bangalore University
Bangalore University (BU) is a public state university in Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. The university is a part of the Association of Indian Universities (AIU), Association of Commonwealth Universities (ACU) and affiliated by University Grants Commission (UGC). Bangalore University is accredited by the NAAC with grade A++ in 2023. Bangalore University was trifurcated into Bengaluru City University and Bengaluru North University.
Cell C
Cell C Limited is a South African mobile telecommunications operator headquartered in Sandton, Gauteng. As of 2024, it ranks as the fourth-largest mobile provider in the country, with approximately 8.5 million subscribers across both urban and rural regions.

Founded in 2001 by Lehlohonolo Moloi, Cell C entered the South African mobile market as a challenger to Vodacom and MTN. The company offers a diverse array of services, including voice, SMS, data, and fibre-based home internet, and serves as a mobile virtual network operator (MVNO) host, partnering with brands like FNB Connect and Capitec Connect.

Mobile broadband
Mobile broadband is the marketing term for wireless Internet access via mobile (cell) networks. Access to the network can be made through a portable modem, wireless modem, or a tablet/smartphone (possibly tethered) or other mobile device. The first wireless Internet access became available in 1991 as part of the second generation (2G) of mobile phone technology. Higher speeds became available in 2001 and 2006 as part of the third (3G) and fourth (4G) generations. In 2011, 90% of the world's population lived in areas with 2G coverage, while 45% lived in areas with 2G and 3G coverage. Mobile broadband uses the spectrum of 225 MHz to 3700 MHz.
Gumyōji Station (Keikyu)
Gumyōji Station (弘明寺駅, Gumyōji-eki) is a passenger railway station  located in Minami-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan, operated by the private railway company operated by the Keikyū. Note that Gumyōji Station of the Yokohama Municipal Subway is located about 500 m away, on the other side of the Gumyōji Kannon Shopping Street (弘明寺かんのん通り商店街).

Yokohama Municipal Subway
Yokohama Municipal Subway (横浜市営地下鉄, Yokohama-shiei chikatetsu) is a rapid transit system that serves Yokohama in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan, and is operated by the Yokohama City Transportation Bureau.

The network consists of two routes, the Blue Line and the Green Line which together extend for approximately 53.4 kilometres and include 42 stations.
Taunah
Taunah (Arabic: التاعونة) is a Syrian village located in the Awj Subdistrict in Masyaf District.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Taunah had a population of 1,056 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Alawites.

Awj Subdistrict
Awj Subdistrict (Arabic: ناحية عوج)  is a Syrian nahiyah (subdistrict) located in Masyaf District in Hama.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Awj Subdistrict had a population of 33,344 in the 2004 census. As of July 2023, sub-district had a population of 47,573, of whom 8,212 were IDPs.
Newton Hazelton Porter
Newton Hazelton Porter (April 13, 1877 – 1945) was a justice of the New Jersey Supreme Court from 1938 to 1945.

Hazelton was born on April 13, 1877, in Somerville, New Jersey, the son of Edward Baldwin and Emma Jane (Hazelton) Porter. He was educated at evening school and received Bachelor of Laws from New York University in 1902.

Admitted to New Jersey bar as attorney in 1904 and as counsellor in 1907. He practiced law from 1910 to 1924 until being appointed for judgeship. From 1921 to 1923, Porter served as the President of the New Jersey Chamber of Commerce.

He was a judge on the Court Common Pleas in Essex County from 1924 to 1926 and on the Circuit Court from 1926 to 1938. He was appointed to Supreme Court in 1938 and served until his death in 1945.

New Jersey Chamber of Commerce
The New Jersey Chamber of Commerce is an independent business advocacy organization based in Trenton. It represents the interests of many businesses and trade associations. It is not an agency of state or federal government.

In addition to lobbying on behalf of the business community at the New Jersey State House and in Washington, the Chamber provides members with networking events, educational programs and money-saving discounts. Its membership has long been broad-based, ranging from solo proprietors to Fortune 500 companies.
Linda Wolf
Linda Ann Wolf (born 1950) is an American photographer and writer. She was one of the first female rock and roll photographers. She does fine art photography with an emphasis on women, street photography, and global photojournalism.

Rita Coolidge
Rita Coolidge (born May 1, 1945) is an American recording artist. During the 1970s and 1980s, her songs were on Billboard magazine's pop, country, adult contemporary, and jazz charts, and she won two Grammy Awards with fellow musician and then-husband Kris Kristofferson. Her recordings include "(Your Love Keeps Lifting Me) Higher and Higher", "We're All Alone", "I'd Rather Leave While I'm in Love" and the theme song for the 1983 James Bond film Octopussy: "All Time High".
Attentive user interface
Attentive user interfaces (AUI) are user interfaces that manage the user's attention. For instance, an AUI can manage notifications, deciding when to interrupt the user, the kind of warnings, and the level of detail of the messages presented to the user.
Attentive user interfaces, by generating only the relevant information, can in particular be used to display information in a way that increase the effectiveness of the interaction.

According to Roel Vertegaal, there are four main types of attentive user interfaces:

Visual attention

Turn management

Interruption decision interfaces

Visual detail management interfaces

Turnaround management
Turnaround management is a process dedicated to corporate renewal. It uses analysis and planning to save troubled companies and return them to solvency, and to identify the reasons for failing performance in the market, and rectify them. Turnaround management involves management review, root failure causes analysis, and SWOT analysis to determine why the company is failing. Once analysis is completed, a long term strategic plan and restructuring plan are created. These plans may or may not involve a bankruptcy filing. Once approved, turnaround professionals begin to implement the plan, continually reviewing its progress and make changes to the plan as needed to ensure the company returns to solvency.
Haile Menkerios
Haile Menkerios (Tigrinya: ሃይለ መንቀሪዮስ, born October 1, 1946) is an Eritrean diplomat who served as the Head of the United Nations Office to the African Union (UNOAU) and as Special Representative to the African Union, at the level of Under-Secretary-General from 2013 until 2018. He was appointed to this position by United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon on 17 May 2013.

Menkerios previously served as the United Nations Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for Sudan and South Sudan at the level of Under-Secretary-General. He was the Assistant Secretary-General for Political Affairs.

Tigrinya language
Tigrinya, sometimes romanized according to Italian spelling rules as Tigrigna, is an Ethio-Semitic language, which is a subgrouping within the Semitic branch of the Afroasiatic languages. It is primarily spoken by the Tigrinya and Tigrayan peoples, native to Eritrea and to the Tigray Region of Ethiopia, respectively. It is also spoken by the global diaspora of these regions.
Coming Undone
"Coming Undone" is a song written and recorded by American nu metal band Korn and The Matrix for Korn's seventh studio album, See You on the Other Side. It was released as the album's second single in February 2006.

See You on the Other Side (Korn album)
See You on the Other Side is the seventh studio album by American nu metal band Korn. It was released on December 6, 2005, by Virgin Records. It is their first album as a quartet after the departure of founding guitarist Brian "Head" Welch and the last album with original drummer David Silveria before he departed from the band in December 2006. The album was first certified gold in the United States on January 12, 2006; a subsequent platinum record certification was awarded on March 16, 2006. In the album, Korn experimented with different musical styles and even collaborated with pop music producers The Matrix.

Critical reaction of the album was generally positive. However, criticisms of the album focused on the musical production by The Matrix and songwriting.
Ariaethus of Tegea
Ariaethus or Araethus (Ancient Greek: Ἀρίαιθος, Ariaithos or Araithos) was a writer from the ancient Greek city-state of Tegea, whose work survives in fragments. The most notable known work by this author was Arkadika, which focused on local myths in Arcadia. This also includes myths dealing with local affairs in Tegea. The date of his writing is unknown, but it has been suggested that he wrote either in the 4th century BC or the 3rd century BC. Madeleine Jost and James Roy propose the Hellenistic period to be the most likely due to the inclusion of Aeneas in one of the fragments. It is uncertain whether his work included later Arcadian history as well as the mythical past. His account is unique in that it is an account of Arcadian traditions by an Arcadian writer, making the fragments of his work essential for our understanding of Arcadian history.

Tegea
Tegea (/ˈtiːdʒiə/; Greek: Τεγέα) was a settlement in ancient Arcadia, and it is also a former municipality in Arcadia, Peloponnese, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the  Tripoli municipality, of which it is a municipal unit with an area of 118.350 km2. It is near the modern villages of Alea and Episkopi.

The legendary founder of Tegea was Tegeates, a son of Lycaon.
Diocese of Salford
The Diocese of Salford (Latin: Dioecesis Salfordensis) is a Latin diocese of the Catholic Church centred on the City of Salford in Greater Manchester, England. The diocese was founded in 1852 as one of the first post-Reformation Catholic dioceses in Great Britain. Since 1911 it has formed part of the Province of Liverpool.

Its current boundaries encompass Manchester as well as a large part of North West England between the River Mersey and the River Ribble, some parishes north of the Ribble, and Todmorden in West Yorkshire. In 2005, the diocese included 207 churches and chapels.

River Ribble
The River Ribble runs through North Yorkshire and Lancashire in Northern England. It starts close to the Ribblehead Viaduct in North Yorkshire, and is one of the few that start in the Yorkshire Dales and flow westwards towards the Irish Sea (the Dee in Dentdale and the Twiss in Kingsdale being notable others).
Frederik Otto Scheel
Frederik Otto Scheel (15 July 1748 – 22 May 1803) was a Norwegian military officer and civil servant.

He was born in Christiania (now Oslo), Norway. He belonged to a noble family with strong military traditions. He was the son of Major General Hans Jacob Scheel (1714–74) and Catharine Christine Brügman (1725-1800).

He served from 1762 to 1769 with the Sønnafjelske Dragonregiment and then with the Søndenfjelske Gevorbne Infanteriregiment. He served as County Governor of Stavanger Amt (now Rogaland county) from 1785 to 1799, and is particularly remembered for his contribution to road construction in the district. His efforts  expanded the royal road from Stavanger and Jæren.

Scheel had six children with his wife, Dorthe Falk Dedekam (1769-1796) who came from a merchant family in Arendal. He was the father of military officer and weapon designer Frederik Wilhelm Scheel (1795-1870). He died at Stavanger in 1803.

Jæren
Jæren is a traditional district in Rogaland county, Norway. The other districts in Rogaland are Dalane, Ryfylke, and Haugalandet. Jæren is one of the 15 districts that comprise Western Norway.

At about 700 square kilometres (270 sq mi), Jæren is the largest flat lowland area in Norway, stretching from the municipality of Randaberg in the north to Hå in the south. It includes the whole Stavanger Peninsula and the mainland area at its base. The coast is flat compared to the rest of the  mountainous Norwegian coast, and it has sandy beaches along most of the coastline. The largest urban area in Jæren is the adjoining cities of Stavanger/Sandnes (pop. 210,874 in 2015).
Bikbaw
Bikbaw (Tatar: Бикбау, romanized: Bikbaw) is a rural locality (a derevnya) in Minzälä District, Tatarstan. The population was 551 as of 2010.
Bikbaw is located 27 km from Мinzälä, district's administrative centre, and 321 km from Qazаn, republic's capital, by road.
The earliest known record of the settlement dates from 17th century.
There are 7 streets in the village.

Menzelinsky District
Menzelinsky District (Russian: Мензели́нский райо́н; Tatar: Минзәлә районы)  is a territorial administrative unit and municipal district of the Republic of Tatarstan within the Russian Federation. The district is located on the right bank of the Kama River, in the north-eastern part of the Republic of Tatarstan. The administrative center is Menzelinsk.

Initially, an outpost of Russian streltsy was located on the site of the modern district. The modern district was formed in 1930. The Menzelinsky district is known for being the residence of the poet and Hero of the Soviet Union Musa Cälil who lived there during the Great Patriotic War.
Mount Hatsuka
Mount Hatsuka (羽束山, Hatsuka-yama) is a 524.0 meter high Japanese mountain in Sanda, Hyōgo, Japan. Another name of this mountain is Mount Koge.

Mount Hatsuka is an independent peak in Tamba Highland. This mountain is on a popular picnic course from Dojo Station to Kozuki Bus Stop of Shinki Bus. On the top of the mountain, Hatsuka Shrine is extant.

Sanda, Hyōgo
Sanda (三田市, Sanda-shi) is a city located in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 November 2022, the city had an estimated population of 108,452 in 47,018 households and a population density of 520 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 210.32 square kilometres (81.21 sq mi).
Hitchin Flyover
The Hitchin Flyover is a grade-separated single-track railway viaduct near Hitchin, Hertfordshire, England, which carries the Down Cambridge Flyover line: 238  over the East Coast Main Line. Constructed between 2012 and 2013, it connects the westernmost track of the East Coast Main Line with the Cambridge line. The flyover was built to increase the throughput at Cambridge Junction,: 209  a congested flat junction, which put severe constraints on capacity on both lines.

Grade separation
In civil engineering (and more specifically, highway or railway engineering), grade separation is a method of aligning a junction of two or more surface transport axes at different heights (grades) so that they will not disrupt the traffic flow on other transit routes when they cross each other.  The composition of such transport axes does not have to be uniform; it can consist of a mixture of roads, footpaths, railways, canals, or airport runways. Bridges (or overpasses, also called flyovers), tunnels (or underpasses), or a combination of both can be built at a junction to achieve the needed grade separation.

In North America, a grade-separated junction may be referred to as a grade separation or as an interchange—in contrast with an intersection, at-grade, a diamond crossing or a level crossing, which are not grade-separated.
1970 Pacific Southwest Open
The 1970 Pacific Southwest Open was a combined men's and women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the Los Angeles Tennis Club in Los Angeles, California in the United States. The men's tournament was part of the Grand Prix tennis circuit. It was the 44th edition of the tournament and ran from September 21 through September 27, 1970. Rod Laver and Sharon Walsh won the singles titles.

Los Angeles Tennis Club
The Los Angeles Tennis Club (LATC) is a private tennis club opened in 1920 that was the host of the Pacific Southwest Championships from 1927 until 1974 and 1980 until 1983. It is located at 5851 Clinton Street, between Wilcox and Rossmore, one block south of Melrose Avenue.  It is currently the home of the Southern California Championships.
Fadi Afash
Fadi Afash (born 4 January 1974 in Syria) is a former football player, most notably with the Portland Timbers of the USL First Division. Afash is best known among Timbers fans for scoring the "Sunshine Goal", a goal that not only carried a strong emotional connection for many fans but also won the Timbers the 2004 regular-season championship of the USL First Division. On January 22, 2010 he was ranked 15th in the USL Second Division Top 15 of the Decade, which announced a list of the best and most influential players of the previous decade.

Portland Timbers (2001–2010)
The Portland Timbers were an American professional soccer team based in Portland, Oregon, United States. Founded in 2001, the team played in various leagues at the second tier of the American Soccer Pyramid, including the USL First Division and the USSF Division 2 Professional League, until the end of the 2010 season.

On March 20, 2009, Major League Soccer commissioner Don Garber announced an expansion team had been granted to the Portland area and would retain the Timbers name. The new team began play in MLS in 2011.

The team played its home games at what was then known as PGE Park (now known as Providence Park, the home of the current MLS team). The team's colors are green and white. The team also had a development team, Portland Timbers U23s, which won the Premier Development League championship in 2010 and is currently affiliated with the MLS team.