hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pitch angle (particle motion)
The  pitch angle of a charged particle is the angle between the particle's velocity vector and the local magnetic field. This is a common measurement and topic when studying the magnetosphere, magnetic mirrors, biconic cusps and polywells.

Polywell
The polywell is a proposed design for a fusion reactor using an electric and magnetic field to heat ions to fusion conditions.

The design is related to the fusor, the high beta fusion reactor, the magnetic mirror, and the biconic cusp. A set of electromagnets generates a magnetic field that traps electrons. This creates a negative voltage, which attracts positive ions. As the ions accelerate towards the negative center, their kinetic energy rises. Ions that collide at high enough energies can fuse.
Jdiriya
Jdiriya (Arabic: اجديرية; Spanish: El Jeriuia) is a settlement in north-eastern Western Sahara. It is within the Moroccan-occupied area of the territory, some 150 kilometres north of Tifariti and 60 kilometres northeast of Hawza. Under Moroccan occupation, it is organized as a rural commune within Es Semara Province, in the Laâyoune-Sakia El Hamra region. As of the 2014 census, the commune had a total population of 248 people.

Laâyoune-Sakia El Hamra
Laâyoune-Sakia El Hamra (Arabic: العيون - الساقية الحمراء, romanized: al-ʿuyūn as-sāqiya l-ḥamrāʾ) is one of the twelve administrative regions of Morocco. It is mainly located in the disputed territory of Western Sahara: the western part of the region is occupied by Morocco and the eastern part is controlled by the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic. The region as claimed by Morocco covers an area of 140,018 square kilometres (54,061 sq mi) and had a population of 451,028 as of the 2024 Moroccan census. The capital of the region is Laâyoune.
Dispatch (1784 ship)
Dispatch was built in Bermuda in 1784, and came to England possibly as early as 1786. In 1792, she made a voyage as a slave ship carrying slaves from Africa to the West Indies in the triangular trade of enslaved people. She was then briefly a privateer before returning to the slave trade. The French captured her in 1795, while she was on her third slave trading voyage.

Slave ship
Slave ships were large cargo ships specially built or converted from the 17th to the 19th century for transporting slaves. Such ships were also known as "Guineamen" because the trade involved human trafficking to and from the Guinea coast in West Africa.
The Sun Still Rises
The Sun Still Rises (Italian: Il sole sorge ancora) also known as Outcry is a 1946 Italian neorealist war-drama film directed by Aldo Vergano and starring Elli Parvo, Massimo Serato and Lea Padovani.

It was one of two films produced by the ANPI movement along with Giuseppe De Santis's Tragic Hunt (1947).

The film entered the competition at the 7th Venice International Film Festival.  For his performance Massimo Serato won the Nastro d'Argento for Best Supporting Actor. The film also won a special Nastro d'Argento for outstanding formal merits.

ANPI
Associazione Nazionale Partigiani d'Italia (ANPI; lit. 'National Association of Italian Partisans') is an association founded by partisans and participants of the Italian Resistance against the Italian fascist regime and the subsequent Nazi occupation during World War II. ANPI was founded in Rome in 1944, as the war continued in northern Italy. It was constituted as a charitable foundation on 5 April 1945. It persists due to the activity of its anti-fascist members.
Standesamt Tremessen
Standesamt Tremessen was a civil registration district (Standesamt) located in Kreis Mogilno, province of Posen of the German Empire (1871-1918) and administered the communities of:

Population data may be inaccurate (see German census of 1895).

Census in Germany
A national census in Germany (German: Volkszählung, pronounced [ˈfɔlksˌt͡sɛːlʊŋ] ⓘ) was held every five years from 1875 to 1910. After the World Wars, only a few full population censuses have been held, the last in 1987. The most recent census, though not a national census, was the 2011 European Union census. A "micro census", with smaller samples has been held more frequently.
2015 Ykkönen
The 2015 Ykkönen began on 2 May 2015 and ended on 17 October 2015. The winning team qualified directly for promotion to the 2016 Veikkausliiga 2016, while the second-placed team had to play a play-off against the eleventh-placed team from Veikkausliiga to decide who would play in that division. The bottom two teams were relegated to Kakkonen.

Kakkonen
Kakkonen or II divisioona is the fourth level in the league system of Finnish football and comprises 36 Finnish football teams. Until the end of 2023, Kakkonen was the third-highest level in Finland, but after the creation of new second-tier Ykkösliiga, Kakkonen also dropped down one level in the league pyramid. The new fourth-tier Kakkonen is divided to three groups, each consisting of 10 teams.

The II divisioona was introduced in 1973 and in the mid-1990s became known as the Kakkonen (Finnish for 'Number Two'; Swedish: Tvåan). Sakari Tukiainen finished the season 2014 as the top goal scorer and setting a new league record with 40 goals for the Kakkonen. Petter Meyer finished the 2015 as the top goal scorer for GrIFK with 23 goals.
Recurrent corneal erosion
Recurrent corneal erosion (RCE) is a disorder of the eyes characterized by the failure of the cornea's outermost layer of epithelial cells to attach to the underlying basement membrane (Bowman's layer). The condition is excruciatingly painful because the loss of these cells results in the exposure of sensitive corneal nerves. This condition can often leave patients with temporary blindness due to extreme light sensitivity (photophobia).

Phototherapeutic keratectomy
Phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK) is a type of eye surgery that uses a laser to treat various ocular disorders by removing tissue from the cornea. PTK allows the removal of superficial corneal opacities and surface irregularities. It is similar to photorefractive keratectomy, which is used for the treatment of refractive conditions. The common indications for PTK are corneal dystrophies, scars, opacities, and bullous keratopathy.
HMS Pathfinder
Two ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Pathfinder.

HMS Pathfinder (1904), launched in 1904, was a scout cruiser, the lead ship of her class. She was sunk at the start of World War I by U-21, becoming the first ship to ever be sunk by a torpedo fired by submarine.

HMS Pathfinder (G10), launched in 1941, was a P-class destroyer. She served in World War II, sank the German submarines U-162 and U-203, and was rendered a constructive loss by air attack off Ramree Island, Burma on 11 February 1945, she was finally broken up at Milford Haven in November 1948.

Pathfinder-class cruiser
The Pathfinder-class cruisers were a pair of scout cruisers built for the Royal Navy in the first decade of the 20th century. The sister ships spent much of the first decade of their careers in reserve. When the First World War began in August 1914 they were given coastal defence missions, Pathfinder on the coast of Scotland and Patrol on the coast of Yorkshire. The latter ship was badly damaged when the Germans bombarded Hartlepool in December. She spent the rest of the war in British waters. The ship was paid off in 1919 and sold for scrap the following year. Pathfinder was sunk by a German submarine shortly after the war began, the first sinking of a British warship during the war by a German submarine.
Ghani (2022 film)
Ghani is a 2022 Indian Telugu-language sports drama film written and directed by Kiran Korrapati and produced by Renaissance Pictures and Allu Bobby Company. The film stars Varun Tej as the title character alongside an ensemble cast of Upendra, Suniel Shetty, Jagapathi Babu, Saiee Manjrekar, and Naveen Chandra, along with a special appearance by Tamannaah.

The film was scheduled to release on 25 February 2022 theatrically but postponed further. The film was released on 8 April 2022, and received overwhelmingly negative reviews from critics. Following the film's release, Tej acknowledged and apologised, accepting the film's failure at the box office through a note on social media.

Naveen Chandra
Naveen Chandra (born 2 December 1988) is an Indian actor who works in Telugu and Tamil films. After debuting in Sambhavami Yuge Yuge (2006), he gained recognition for Andala Rakshasi (2012) and continued to appear in both leading and supporting roles. Tripura (2015), Nenu Local (2017), Bhanumathi & Ramakrishna (2020), Jigarthanda DoubleX (2023) and Eleven (2025) are his notable films.
A Merry Little Christmas (EP)
A Merry Little Christmas is a Christmas-themed extended play released by the American country music group Lady Antebellum, later known as Lady A, released on October 12, 2010. It was available for purchase only at the American discount department store chain Target. The EP has one original track, "On This Winter's Night", and a cover version of the Mariah Carey hit "All I Want for Christmas Is You". All six tracks are on the group's 2012 Christmas album, On This Winter's Night.

Discount store
Discount stores are retail establishments that sell products at prices lower than the standard or recommended retail price. Discounters rely on bulk purchasing and efficient distribution to keep down costs. They include hypermarkets, "category killer" big box stores, warehouse club stores, discount grocery stores, dollar stores and variety stores.
Lake–Sumter State College
Lake–Sumter State College is a public college with multiple campuses in Central Florida: three campuses in Lake and Sumter Counties; the original campus in Leesburg; the South Lake Campus in Clermont; and the Sumter Campus in Sumterville. It is a member of the Florida College System. The college also partners with The Villages Charter High School as a dual enrollment site.

The Villages Charter High School
The Villages Charter High School is a charter school serving the community and surrounding areas of The Villages, Florida. In 2024, the school had about 1300 students.  It is part of The Villages Charter Schools. The Villages High School is located at 2210 Dr Randy McDaniel Way, Middleton, FL 34762.
Michał Szumski
Michał Szumski (Polish: ['mʲixaw 'ʂumskʲi]; born 10 September 1976) is a Polish former competitive ice dancer. With partner Iwona Filipowicz, he is the 1995 World Junior bronze medalist. Together they won gold medals at the 1995 Karl Schäfer Memorial, 1996 Golden Spin of Zagreb, and 1995 Grand Prix International St. Gervais, as well as silver at the 1995 Nebelhorn Trophy and two bronze medals at the Finlandia Trophy.

Grand Prix International St. Gervais
The Grand Prix International St. Gervais was an annual senior-level international figure skating competition held in Saint-Gervais-les-Bains, France. For many years, beginning in 1969, it was paired with a similar competition in Germany, the Nebelhorn Trophy, to form a series called the Coupe des Alpes. Sometimes the "Coupe des Alpes" name was applied to the French event only, but in fact it was a team trophy awarded based on combined results of both competitions. The official name of the competition was unrelated to and predated the use of "Grand Prix" in the ISU Grand Prix of Figure Skating.
Sunapati Rural Municipality
Sunapati is a Rural municipality located within the Ramechhap District of the Bagmati Province of Nepal.
The municipality spans 86.98 square kilometres (33.58 sq mi) of area, with a total population of 18,141 according to a 2011 Nepal census.

On March 10, 2017, the Government of Nepal restructured the local level bodies into 753 new local level structures.
The previous Dimipokhari, Hiledevi, Bethan, Khaniyapani and small portion of Gunsi Bhadaure VDCs were merged to form Sunapati Rural Municipality.
Sunapati is divided into 5 wards, with Hiledevi declared the administrative center of the rural municipality.

Wards and electoral divisions of Nepal
A ward (Nepali: वडा) is the smallest unit of local governments in Nepal. The local level body (gaunpalika and municipality) which is divided into 753 units, are further divided into 6,743 wards. These wards were previously either a single VDC or a part of VDC. A local level unit is divided into a minimum five wards or a maximum of 33 wards.
National Conservative Convention
The National Conservative Convention (NCC), is the most senior body of the Conservative Party's voluntary wing. The National Convention effectively serves as the Party's internal Parliament, and is made up of its 800 highest-ranking Party Officers.

The composition and functions of the NCC have evolved since its establishment in 1867. It has previously had a major role in policy-making and the planning of Party Conferences. Today, its primary purposes are to take charge of internal Party affairs and representing the views of Party members. Most crucially, it elects five members each year to sit on the Conservative Party Board.

Herbert baronets
There have been seven baronetcies created for persons with the surname Herbert, three in the Baronetage of England, one in the Baronetage of Ireland and three in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. All creations are extinct.

Herbert baronets of Red Castle (1622): see Marquess of Powis

Herbert baronets of Derrogh (1630)

Herbert baronets of Tintern (1660)

Herbert baronets of Bromfield (1660)

Herbert baronets of Llanarth (1907): see Ivor Herbert, 1st Baron Treowen (1851–1933)

Herbert baronets of Boyton (1936): see Sir Sidney Herbert, 1st Baronet (1890–1939)

Herbert baronets of Wilton (1937): see George Sidney Herbert (1886–1942)
Waverley Heights
Waverley Heights is a neighbourhood in the Waverley West ward of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.

It is bordered on the north by Abinojii Mikanah, on the west by Waverley Street, on the south by Bison Drive, and on the east by Pembina Highway. Waverley Heights occupies approximately 2.0 square kilometres (0.8 sq. mi). Most of the dwellings are single-detached, with approximately 40% being semi-detached, row, or apartment style dwellings.

The population of Waverley Heights was 5,180 in 2016. The first homes in Waverley Heights were built in 1974 and the last home was built in 2001.

Winnipeg Route 42
Route 42 is a major arterial road located in Winnipeg, Manitoba.

It connects the suburbs of North Kildonan, East Kildonan, Fort Rouge, Fort Garry, and St. Norbert with the city's downtown core. In the north, it is a continuation of Manitoba Provincial Road 204 (PR 204); in the south, it is a continuation of PTH 75 (or Lord Selkirk Highway).

The route is commonly known as Pembina Highway between PTH 75 to Donald Street; as the Disraeli Freeway between Main Street and Talbot Avenue; and as Henderson Highway from Talbot to PR 204.
Ocean of Confusion: Songs of Screaming Trees 1990–1996
Ocean of Confusion is the third 'best of' album by the Screaming Trees. The album chronicles their career from the time they signed to Epic Records until their final album, Dust. The band's years on SST Records are represented on a separate, earlier-released compilation, Anthology: SST Years 1985-1989. The tracks on Ocean of Confusion were personally chosen by the band's lead vocalist, Mark Lanegan, and all other aspects of the compilation were overseen by Lanegan, as well.

"Who Lies in Darkness" is taken from the Something About Today EP, along with three tracks from Uncle Anesthesia, seven from Sweet Oblivion, and five from Dust. "E.S.K.", a b-side to the "Nearly Lost You" single , is also collected, as well as two previously unheard songs from the aborted Don Fleming-produced follow up to Sweet Oblivion.

Notably, the album does not include "Bed of Roses" (Uncle Anesthesia) and "All I Know" (Dust), which were two of the band's four charting radio-play singles.

Bed of Roses (Screaming Trees song)
"Bed of Roses" is a song by the American alternative-rock group Screaming Trees. It is the first single released in support of their fifth album, Uncle Anesthesia. The song made number thirty-two on John Sellers' "The 100 Most Underrated Indie Rock Songs" list.
Alpine skiing at the 1956 Winter Olympics – Men's downhill
The men's alpine skiing downhill event of the 1956 Winter Olympics at Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy, was held on Friday, 3 February, at 11:00 a.m. The starting elevation on the Olimpia - Tofana run was 2,282 m (7,487 ft) above sea level and the course length was 3.461 km (2.15 mi), with a vertical drop of 902 m (2,959 ft) and just fifteen control gates.

It was the final alpine event of the games and the third straight victory for Toni Sailer of Austria. His average speed was 72.355 km/h (45.0 mph), with an average vertical descent rate of 5.238 m/s (17.2 ft/s).

It was the third appearance of the downhill event at the Winter Games, which debuted in 1948. Seventy-five alpine skiers from 27 nations competed.

Alpine skiing at the 1948 Winter Olympics
At the 1948 Winter Olympics in St. Moritz, Switzerland, the six alpine skiing events were held on Piz Nair from Monday, 2 February to Thursday, 5 February 1948.

After these games, the giant slalom was added and the combined event was dropped as an Olympic medal event for four decades, until 1988. From 1956 through 1980, the combined continued as an FIS medal event for the concurrent World Championships, using the results from three events, conducted as a "paper race."

Henri Oreiller of France earned a medal in all three events, with two golds and a bronze. Trude Beiser of Austria and Gretchen Fraser of the United States both won two medals, a gold and a silver each.

The first Olympics after World War II did not invite Germany or Japan.
Los Barriles
Los Barriles ("The Barrels") is a town in La Paz Municipality, Baja California Sur, Mexico. As 2020, the town had a population of 1,674 people.

It is situated along Highway 1, 40 miles (64 km) north of San José del Cabo and 65 miles (105 km) south of La Paz. Punta Pescadero Airstrip is 9 miles (14 km) to the north; Rancho Leonero, a vacation resort, is to the south. Adjacent to Buenavista, the rural towns straddle the head of Bahía las Palmas on the Gulf of California, where winter westerlies average 20–25 knots (37–46 km/h; 23–29 mph). Los Barriles is within the transition area of the Baja California peninsula's Sierra de la Laguna where the hills become sandy flats.

Known for its flyfishing, Los Barriles is also Baja's kitesurfing and windsurfing capital. The town's port was closed on 2 September during the 2013 Pacific hurricane season's Tropical Storm Lorena. In 2006, the Shakespeare Theatre Association's annual conference was held in Los Barriles.

Mexican Federal Highway 1
Federal Highway 1 (Spanish: Carretera Federal 1, Fed. 1) is a toll-free (libre) part of the federal highway corridors (los corredores carreteros federales) of Mexico, and the highway follows the length of the Baja California Peninsula from Tijuana, Baja California, in the north to Cabo San Lucas, Baja California Sur, in the south. The road connects with Via Rapida, which merges into the American Interstate 5 (I-5) at the San Ysidro Port of Entry, which crosses the international border south of San Ysidro, California.

Fed. 1 is often called the Carretera Transpeninsular (Transpeninsular Highway) and runs a length of 1,711 kilometres (1,063 mi) from Tijuana to Cabo San Lucas. Most of its course, particularly south of Ensenada, is as a two-lane rural highway. Completed in 1973, Fed. 1's official name is the Benito Juárez Transpeninsular Highway (Carretera Transpeninsular Benito Juarez), named in honor of Mexico's president during the country's 1860s invasion by France.
Anu Raud
Anu Raud (born 10 May 1943, in Russia) is an Estonian textile artist and author.

In 1967, she graduated from State Art Institute.

She has been a long-time lecturer at the Estonian Academy of Arts and Viljandi Culture Academy. Since 2009, she is Professor Emeritus of the National Academy of Arts.

Since 2016, she is a member of Estonian Academy of Sciences.

Her collection of traditional handicraft is exhibited at Heimtali Museum in Viljandi County.

Viljandi County
Viljandi County (Estonian: Viljandi maakond or Viljandimaa; German: Kreis Fellin) is one of 15 counties of Estonia. It is located in southern Estonia bordering Pärnu, Järva, Jõgeva, Tartu and Valga counties as well as Latvia.
Bhopalpatnam
Bhopalpatnam is a tehsil, revenue division and development block in Bijapur district, Chhattisgarh, India. There lies a newly built bridge on indravati river connecting Chhattisgarh State to Maharashtra.
NH-63 connects Jagdalpur-  Sironcha-Chennuru, Telangana-Nizamabad, Telangana. The National Highway 163 begins here and connects to Warangal, Hyderabad in Telangana. There are 30 village panchayats in Bhopalpatnam.

Bhopalpatnam town lies 47 km west of the district headquarters in Bijapur.

Nizamabad, Telangana
Nizamabad, also informally known as Induru or Indur, is a city in the Indian state of Telangana. It is governed by the municipal corporation and is the headquarters of the Nizamabad district. Previously part of Hyderabad State and then Andhra Pradesh state, Nizamabad became a part of the newly formed state of Telangana under the Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014. It is located about 186 kilometres (116 mi) north of the state capital, Hyderabad.
David Epstein (journalist)
David Epstein (born 1980) is an American journalist. He is the author of the #1 New York Times best seller Range: Why Generalists Triumph in a Specialized World (2019), and of The Sports Gene: Inside the Science of Extraordinary Athletic Performance (2013), also a New York Times best seller.

Epstein has given two TED talks related to his books, which have together been viewed more than 12 million times.

Epstein was previously an investigative reporter at ProPublica. Prior to ProPublica, Epstein was a senior writer at Sports Illustrated, where he specialized in science issues in sports and investigative reporting. With his colleague Selena Roberts, Epstein broke the story that the Yankees' Alex Rodriguez tested positive for steroids in 2003.

Selena Roberts
Selena Roberts (born May 16, 1966 in Live Oak, Florida) is an American author and sportswriter.  Previously, she was a senior writer for Sports Illustrated and a columnist for The New York Times. Roberts began her career as a beat writer for the Minnesota Vikings at the Minneapolis Star Tribune and for the Orlando Magic and Tampa Bay Buccaneers at the Orlando Sentinel.  She received a B.A. degree in journalism from Auburn University in 1988 where she was a sports editor for the university paper The Plainsman. She also made frequent appearances on the ESPN talk show The Sports Reporters. In a February 7, 2009 article on SI.com that quickly made the cover of Sports Illustrated, Roberts revealed that Yankees third baseman Alex Rodriguez tested positive for steroids in 2003.
Godin (crater)
Godin is a lunar impact crater located just to the south of the crater Agrippa, on a rough upland region to the east of Sinus Medii. Its diameter is 34 km. The crater was named after 18th century French astronomer Louis Godin. The ruined crater Tempel lies to the northeast, on the east side of Agrippa. Due south is the flooded remains of Lade.

The rim of Godin is wider in the southern half than in the north, giving it a slightly pear-shaped outline. The interior is rough-surfaced, with a higher albedo than the surroundings. At the midpoint a central peak rises from the floor. A faint ray system surrounds the crater, and extends for about 375 kilometers.  Due to its rays, Godin is mapped as part of the Copernican System.

Copernican period
The Copernican Period in the lunar geologic timescale runs from approximately 1.1 billion years ago to the present day.  The base of the Copernican period is defined by impact craters that possess bright optically immature ray systems. The crater Copernicus is a prominent example of rayed crater, but it does not mark the base of the Copernican period.

Copernican age deposits are mostly represented by crater ejecta, but a small area of mare basalt has covered part of (and is thus younger than) some of the rays of the Copernican crater Lichtenberg, and therefore the basalt is mapped as Copernican age.