hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2024 Maia Challenger – Doubles
Marco Bortolotti and Andrea Vavassori were the defending champions but only Bortolotti chose to defend his title, partnering David Pel. They lost in the first round to Alexandru Jecan and Giorgio Ricca.

Théo Arribagé and Francisco Cabral won the title after defeating Kimmer Coppejans and Sergio Martos Gornés 6–1, 3–6, [10–5] in the final.

Sergio Martos Gornés
Sergio Martos Gornés (born 19 October 1994) is a Spanish tennis player who specializes in doubles.
He has a career high ATP doubles ranking of World No. 102 achieved on 12 June 2023. He also has a career high singles ranking of No. 726 achieved on 20 July 2015.
Mammad Alakbarov
Mammad Hamid oghlu Alakbarov (Azerbaijani: Məmməd Həmid oğlu Ələkbərov, 1899 — 7 February 1959) was a Soviet Azerbaijani bureaucrat and pedagogue who was the first Minister of Culture of Azerbaijan (1953–1955), Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Azerbaijan SSR (1952–1953) and Minister of Education of the Azerbaijan SSR (1947–1952).

Ministry of Culture (Azerbaijan)
The Ministry of Culture of Azerbaijan Republic (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan Respublikasının Mədəniyyət Nazirliyi) is a governmental agency within the Cabinet of Azerbaijan in charge of regulation of the activities and promotion of Azerbaijani culture. The ministry is headed by Adil Karimli.
Jim McDermott (basketball)
Peter James McDermott (April 6, 1910 – June 2, 2009) was an American basketball and baseball coach and college athletics administrator.  He served as the head basketball coach at Iona College in New Rochelle, New York from 1947 to 1973, compiling a record of 320–252.  McDermott was also the head baseball coach at Iona from 1947 to 1963 and the school's athletic director from 1956 to 1976.  He was the first commissioner of the Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference (MAAC).

Iona University
Iona University (/aɪˈoʊnə/) is a private Catholic university with a main campus in New Rochelle, New York, United States. It was founded in 1940 by the Congregation of Christian Brothers and occupies a campus of 45 acres (0.18 km2) in New Rochelle and a campus of 28 acres (0.11 km2) in Bronxville, New York.

Iona University offers more than 60 undergraduate programs and 45 graduate programs in the School of Arts & Science, LaPenta School of Business and the NewYork-Presbyterian Iona School of Health Sciences. It also offers graduate courses in Manhattan and has 14 study abroad programs. As of academic year 2018–2019, the institution enrolled approximately 4,000 undergraduate and graduate students from diverse backgrounds representing 35 states and 47 countries of origin.
Susan Jeffers (illustrator)
Susan Jeffers (October 7, 1942 – January 28, 2020) was an American children's book illustrator.  A New Jersey-born 1964 graduate of Pratt Institute, her first commercial success came in 1974, when she was honoree (runner-up) of the Caldecott Medal for illustrating Three Jovial Huntsmen, her own adaptation of a Mother Goose rhyme which had previously been illustrated by the eponymous Randolph Caldecott. Many of Jeffers' illustrations were of animals, especially horses. Some of her publications married her original illustrations to a previously published text used verbatim or adapted, sometimes by Jeffers herself. Otherwise, she frequently collaborated with writer and illustrator Rosemary Wells, who said each tried "to compensate for the other’s weaknesses and to amplify the other’s strength". In 1989, Jeffers' paintings in Wells' Forest of Dreams won the Golden Kite Award's Picture Book Illustration category.

The Three Jovial Huntsmen
The Three Jovial Huntsmen (1880) was a popular British picture book illustrated by Randolph Caldecott, engraved and printed by Edmund Evans and published by George Routledge & Sons in London. The Project Gutenberg eBook, The Three Jovial Huntsmen, by Randolph Caldecott, Illustrated by Randolph Caldecott is available online THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 14081. The toy book, which is a variant of the folklore song The Three Huntsmen (sometimes called the Three Jolly Huntsmen), was well-received, selling tens of thousands of copies.

The three droll equestrians featured in the book are featured  as the logo of the Horn Book Magazine. In 1914, four colour pictures from the book were reproduced by Frederick Warne & Co as postcards.

The story was also noted for using the word "powlert" which was not defined in either the Oxford English Dictionary or Century Dictionary.
William H. Parker (police officer)
William Henry Parker III (June 21, 1905 – July 16, 1966) was an American law enforcement officer who was Chief of the Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) from 1950 until his death in 1966. To date, he is the longest-serving LAPD police chief. Parker has been called "Los Angeles' greatest and most controversial chief of police." The former headquarters of the LAPD, the Parker Center, was named after him. During his tenure, the LAPD was known for police brutality and racism; Parker himself was known for his "unambiguous racism."

Dragnet (franchise)
Dragnet is an American media franchise created by actor and producer Jack Webb and owned by his company Mark VII Limited and Universal Pictures. It follows Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) Detective Joe Friday and his partners as they conduct by-the-book police work and solve crimes in Los Angeles. Originating as a radio drama on NBC in 1949, Dragnet has been adapted into several successful television shows and films. Its name is derived from the police term "dragnet", a system of coordinated measures for apprehending criminals or suspects.

Dragnet is one of the most influential police procedural crime dramas in American media history. Webb's aim in creating Dragnet was a realistic depiction of policing. The series portrayed police work as dangerous and heroic, and helped shape public perception of law enforcement in the 20th century, improving the American public's opinion of police officers.
2012 President's Cup – Women's doubles
The 2012 President's Cup Women's doubles was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts in Astana, Kazakhstan.

Vitalia Diatchenko and Galina Voskoboeva were the defending champions, but both chose not to participate.

Oksana Kalashnikova and Marta Sirotkina won the title, defeating Lyudmyla Kichenok and Nadiya Kichenok 3–6, 6–4, [10–2] in the final.

Vitalia Diatchenko
Vitalia Anatolyevna Diatchenko (Russian: Виталия Анатольевна Дьяченко, IPA: [vʲɪˈtalʲɪjə dʲjɪˈtɕenkə] ⓘ; born 2 August 1990) is a Russian tennis player. Her career-high singles ranking is world No. 71, achieved on 17 November 2014. On 21 February 2011, she peaked at No. 60 in the WTA doubles rankings.
Youhannes Ezzat Zakaria Badir
Youhannes Ezzat Zakaria Badir (12 August 1949 – 27 December 2015) was an Egyptian Coptic Catholic bishop.

Ordained a priest on 5 August 1973, Zakaria Badir was named bishop of Ismailia, Egypt, on 23 November 1992 and was consecrated bishop on 29 January 1993. He was then named bishop of Luqsor on 23 June 1994.

Coptic Catholic Church
The Coptic Catholic Church, also known as the Coptic Catholic Church of Alexandria, is an Eastern Catholic particular church in full communion with the Catholic Church. Along with the Ethiopian Catholic Church and Eritrean Catholic Church, it belongs to the Alexandrian liturgical tradition. Uniquely among the Alexandrian Rite Eastern Catholic liturgies, the Coptic Catholic Church uses the Coptic Rite and the Coptic language (derived from Ancient Egyptian) in its liturgy; the Ethiopian Catholic Church and Eritrean Catholic Church use the Geʽez Rite.

The current Coptic Catholic Patriarch of Alexandria is Ibrahim Isaac Sidrak, who replaced Antonios Naguib in 2013. The offices of the patriarchate are located in Cairo. The patriarchal Cathedral of Our Lady of Egypt is in Nasr City, a suburb of Cairo.
Molly Landreth
Molly Landreth is an American freelance photographer and artist born in Washington.

Her large-format portraits address topics such as gender and sexuality in the LGBT community. She began documenting the queer community in 2004, hoping to redefine the narrative of sexuality within relationships in the community. She is currently working on an eight-year-long photography project called the Embodiment Project which focuses on her photography along with personal statements regarding her work.

She has been awarded several grants, including the Individual Artist Projects Grant from 4Culture, the Humble Arts Foundation Grant, and the Artist Projects Grant from Artist Trust in 2008.

4Culture
4Culture is a tax-exempt public development authority (PDA), with a fifteen-member board of directors, who are nominated by the King County Executive and confirmed by the King County Council. A Public Development Authority is a public entity created by cities or counties to accomplish public purpose activities without assuming them into the regular functions of County government.
Believer (2018 South Korean film)
Believer (Korean: 독전; RR: Dokjeon) is a 2018 South Korean action crime film directed by Lee Hae-young. It is a remake of the 2012 Johnnie To film Drug War. The film features actor Kim Joo-hyuk's final film performance. The film was released in South Korea on May 22, 2018. An extended version was released theatrically on July 18, 2018.

A sequel, titled Believer 2, was released on Netflix on November 17, 2023.

Johnnie To
Johnnie To Kei-fung (born 22 April 1955) is a Hong Kong filmmaker. A prolific and versatile filmmaker, To is best known for his action and crime movies, including The Mission (1999), PTU (2003), Breaking News (2004), Election (2005), Election 2 and Exiled (both 2006), and Drug War (2012).

His films, often made in collaboration with the same group of actors, screenwriters and cinematographers, frequently explore themes of friendship, fate and the changing face of Hong Kong society. To co-founded the production company Milkyway Image with his frequent co-director Wai Ka-fai.
(cytochrome c)-arginine N-methyltransferase
In enzymology, a [cytochrome c]-arginine N-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.124) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

S-adenosyl-L-methionine + [cytochrome c]-arginine  S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + [cytochrome c]-Nomega-methyl-arginine

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are S-adenosyl methionine and cytochrome c-arginine, whereas its two products are S-adenosylhomocysteine and cytochrome c-Nomega-methyl-arginine.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring one-carbon group methyltransferases.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is S-adenosyl-L-methionine:[cytochrome c]-arginine Nomega-methyltransferase. Other names in common use include S-adenosyl-L-methionine:[cytochrome c]-arginine, and omega-N-methyltransferase.

S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine
S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine (SAH) is the biosynthetic precursor to homocysteine.  SAH is formed by the demethylation of S-adenosyl-L-methionine. Adenosylhomocysteinase converts SAH into homocysteine and adenosine.
Debochitsa
Debochitsa is a very sparsely populated and dispersed village in Blagoevgrad Municipality, in Blagoevgrad Province, Bulgaria. It is an isolated mountainous settlement in Vlahina mountain, bordering with North Macedonia.

Blagoevgrad Municipality
Blagoevgrad Municipality (Bulgarian: Община Благоевград, Obshtina Blagoevgrad) is the most populated municipality in Blagoevgrad Province. It includes Blagoevgrad and 25 villages with population of 77,441 (2011).
Hellenic Centre for Marine Research
The Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR) (Greek: Ελληνικό Κέντρο Θαλάσσιων Ερευνών, ΕΛ.ΚΕ.ΘΕ.) is a Greek governmental research organisation, focusing on various fields of marine science. It is operating multiple facilities across Greece, which include scientific laboratories, public aquaria and experimental tanks. It also owns three research vessels, a crewed submersible and several Remotely Operated Vehicles for underwater exploration. Additionally, its activities encompass conservation projects and educational programs for the public.

Research institute
A research institute, research centre, or research organization is an establishment founded for doing research. Research institutes may specialize in basic research or may be oriented to applied research. Although the term often implies natural science research, there are also many research institutes in the social science as well, especially for sociological and historical research purposes.
John Wormald
Major John Wormald (23 February 1882 – 13 November 1957) was an English first-class cricketer active 1900–23 who played for Middlesex and Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC). He was born in Westminster; died in East Dereham.

Wormald was commissioned into the British Army as a second lieutenant in the 7th (Militia) battalion of the King's Royal Rifle Corps on 21 March 1900. He was awarded the Military Cross while serving with the King's Royal Rifle Corps in France during the First World War.

Militia (United Kingdom)
The British Militia was the principal military reserve force of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Militia units were repeatedly raised in Great Britain during the Victorian and Edwardian eras for internal security duties and to defend against external invasions. The British Militia was transformed into the Special Reserve under the Territorial and Reserve Forces Act 1907 (7 Edw. 7. c. 9), which integrated all militia formations into the British Army.
Sharon Bohn Gmelch
Sharon Bohn Gmelch is an American cultural anthropologist best known for her research on Irish Travellers, tourism, and visual anthropology. She is married to fellow cultural anthropologist George Gmelch. She is an emeritus professor of anthropology at Union College and the University of San Francisco.

Union College
Union College is a private liberal arts college in Schenectady, New York, United States. Founded in 1795, it was the first institution of higher learning chartered by the New York State Board of Regents, and second in the state of New York, after Columbia College. In the 19th century, it became known as the "Mother of Fraternities", because three of the earliest Greek-letter fraternities were established there. Union began enrolling women in 1970, after 175 years as an all-male institution. The college offers a liberal arts curriculum across 21 academic departments, including ABET-accredited engineering degree programs.
Zafar Ali Khan
Zafar Ali Khan (1873 – 27 November 1956) was a Pakistani writer, poet, translator and a journalist who used his journalism against the British rule. He was one of the Majlis-e-Ahrar-e-Islam's founding members.

Well-versed in Islamic as well Western knowledge such as the latest trends in economics, sociology and politics, he has been considered as one of the fathers of Urdu journalism.

Naʽat
Naʽat (Bengali: নাত and Urdu: نعت) is poetry in praise of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad. The practice is popular in South Asia (Bangladesh, Pakistan and India), commonly in Bengali, Punjabi, or Urdu. People who recite Naʽat are known as Naʽat Khawan or sanaʽa-khuaʽan. Exclusive "Praise to Allah" and Allah alone is called Hamd, not to be confused with 'Na'at'.

In Arab countries, lyrics and praises said for Muhammad are called madih nabawi.
Telling Me Lies
"Telling Me Lies" is a song written by Linda Thompson and Betsy Cook and recorded by Thompson for her 1985 album One Clear Moment, her first solo album, after divorcing husband and former collaborator Richard Thompson.

The song was covered by Linda Ronstadt, Dolly Parton and Emmylou Harris on their 1987 collaboration album Trio and released as the album's second single. It hit third place on the U.S. Country singles chart and the Top 40 of the Adult Contemporary play list in the fall of 1987. Thompson and Cook were nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Country Song at the 30th Annual Grammy Awards in 1988.

30th Annual Grammy Awards
The 30th Annual Grammy Awards were held March 2, 1988, at Radio City Music Hall, New York City. They recognized accomplishments by musicians from the previous year.

Album of the Year went to U2 for The Joshua Tree, and Song of the Year went to Barry Mann, Cynthia Weil and James Horner for "Somewhere Out There".
Piano Concerto No. 1 (Rubinstein)
The Piano Concerto No. 1 in E minor, Op. 25, written in 1850 and published in 1858 by Anton Rubinstein is a Romantic concerto is dedicated to Alexandre Villoing, the composer's principal piano teacher. It is his fourth attempt at writing a concerto, two were from 1849 and were lost while the third from the same year was transformed into a Piano Octet, Op. 9. Although the First Concerto is the most traditional of the five concerti, a characteristic leonine quality in the piano scoring often emerges throughout.

Alexandre Villoing
Alexandre Villoing (Russian: Александр Иванович Виллуан, romanized: Aleksandr Ivanovich Villuan; 12 March [O.S. 29 February] 1804 – 2 September [O.S. 21 August] 1878) was a Russian pianist and music teacher best known for teaching Anton and Nikolai Rubinstein.
KFLR-FM
KFLR-FM (90.3 FM) is a non-commercial radio station licensed to Phoenix, Arizona, United States. It is owned and operated by the Tucson-based Family Life Radio Network. It airs a Contemporary Christian radio format with some talk and teaching programs.

KFLR-FM's transmitter is sited on TV Road in South Mountain Park and Reservation in Phoenix. It has four FM translators to relay the station to communities in Central and Northern Arizona.

Non-commercial educational station
A non-commercial educational station (NCE station) is a radio station or television station that does not accept on-air advertisements (TV ads or radio ads), as defined in the United States by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and was originally intended to offer educational programming as part, or whole, of its programming. NCE stations do not pay broadcast license fees for their non-profit uses of the radio spectrum. Stations which are almost always operated as NCE include public broadcasting, community radio, and college radio, as well as many religious broadcasting stations.
Nearly all non-commercial radio stations derive their support from listener support, grants and endowments, such as the Corporation for Public Broadcasting (CPB) that distributes supporting funds provided by Congress to support public radio.
Inquirições
Inquirições were the Royal Portuguese commissions and official reports. They were put forward by the crown of Portugal to accomplish royal edicts, primarily through the royal chancery.

Afonso II instituted (from 1220) inquirições to investigate the nature of holdings and to recover whatever had been illegally taken from the crown. This issue was in response to the church's rein over Portuguese land as they supported Afonso's fight in the civil war with Sancho II. These included examination of local noble titles and rights, including investigation of properties, lands and incomes against royal charters that had been issued.

Sancho II of Portugal
Sancho II (Sancho Afonso; 8 September 1207 – 4 January 1248), nicknamed Sancho the Cowled or Sancho the Capuched (Sancho o Capelo), alternatively, Sancho the Pious (Sancho o Piedoso), was King of Portugal from 1223 to 1248.

Sancho was born in Coimbra, the eldest son of Afonso II of Portugal by his wife, Urraca of Castile. He ascended the throne after his father's death on 25 March, 1223.

He was succeeded on the Portuguese throne by his brother, King Afonso III, in 1248.
Prolintane
Prolintane is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant and norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI) of the phenylalkylpyrrolidine family developed in the 1950s. Being an amphetamine derivative, it is closely related in chemical structure to other drugs such as pyrovalerone, MDPV, and propylhexedrine, and has a similar mechanism of action. Many cases of prolintane abuse have been reported.

Under the brand name Katovit, prolintane was commercialized by the Spanish pharmaceutical company FHER until 2001. It was most often used by students and workers as a stimulant to provide energy and increase alertness and concentration. Prolintane and substituted prolintane analogs (fluoro and methyl) show DAT and NET inhibition in the low nano molecular range, which is consistent with NDRI psychostimulants such a methylphenidate. In addition 4-substituted analogs have SERT inhibition which correlates with amphetamine SAR such as fenfluramine.

Mechanism of action
In pharmacology, the term mechanism of action (MOA) refers to the specific biochemical interaction through which a drug substance produces its pharmacological effect.  A mechanism of action usually includes mention of the specific molecular targets to which the drug binds, such as an enzyme or receptor. Receptor sites have specific affinities for drugs based on the chemical structure of the drug, as well as the specific action that occurs there.

Drugs that do not bind to receptors produce their corresponding therapeutic effect by simply interacting with chemical or physical properties in the body. Common examples of drugs that work in this way are antacids and laxatives.

In contrast, a mode of action (MoA) describes functional or anatomical changes, at the cellular level, resulting from the exposure of a living organism to a substance.
Siege of Kangra Fort
The siege of Kangra Fort was a military expedition conducted by the forces of Delhi Sultanate led by Firuz Shah Tughlaq against the Raja Rup Chand, the ruler of Nagarkot (Kangra Fort). After a six-month siege, which occurred sometime between 1361 and 1370, the garrison surrendered and Raja Rup Chand submitted to the rule of the Delhi Sultanate.

Raja
Raja (/ˈrɑːdʒɑː/; from IAST rājan-) is a noble or royal Sanskrit title historically used by some Indian rulers and monarchs and highest-ranking nobles. The title was historically used in the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia.

The title has a long history in South Asia and Southeast Asia, being attested from the Rigveda, where a rājan- is a ruler, see for example the daśarājñá yuddhá, the "Battle of Ten Kings".

The title has equivalent cognates in other Indo-European languages, notably the Latin Rex and the Celtic Rix.

The Maratha title "Rao" (or "Rao") functions as both a given name and an honorific title, derived from words like the Sanskrit "Rājā" meaning "king," is a associated with the Kshatriya varna and can be considered a Kshatriya title.
Bednarz Cove
Bednarz Cove (66°21′S 110°32′E﻿ / ﻿66.350°S 110.533°E﻿ / -66.350; 110.533) is a cove in the south side of Mitchell Peninsula on Budd Coast. It was first mapped from air photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump and Operation Windmill in 1947 and 1948, and named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Chief Electronics Technician Donald F. Bednarz, U.S. Navy, a member of the Wilkes Station party of 1958.

Operation Windmill
Operation Windmill (OpWml) was the United States Navy's Second Antarctica Developments Project, an exploration and training mission to Antarctica in 1947–1948. This operation was a follow-up to the First Antarctica Development Project known as Operation Highjump (1946–1947). The expedition was commanded by Commander Gerald L. Ketchum, USN, and the flagship of Task Force 39 was the icebreaker USS Burton Island.

Missions during Operation Windmill varied including supply activities, helicopter reconnaissance of ice flows, scientific surveys, underwater demolition surveys, and convoy exercises. Malcolm Davis collected live animals, such as penguins and leopard seals, for zoological studies.

The icebreaker USS Edisto (AG-89) sailed on 1 November 1947 for the Panama Canal to rendezvous with the Burton Island for the expedition.