hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nathan Ashley
Nathan William Ashley (born 3 October 1973) is a former Australian professional cricket-player.  He was born in Sydney.  He captained the Australian under 19 team in tests twice and One Day Internationals three times.

Cricket test
The cricket test, also known as the Tebbit test, was a sociological concept coined in April 1990 by the British Conservative politician  Norman Tebbit in reference to the perceived lack of loyalty  to the England cricket team among South Asian and Caribbean immigrants and their children.  Tebbit suggested that those immigrants who support their native countries rather than England at the sport of cricket are not significantly integrated into the United Kingdom.
C.D.C. Montalegre
Centro Desportivo e Cultural de Montalegre is a Portuguese sport and football club based in the parish of Montalegre in the Vila Real District. It was founded in 1964 and currently plays in the Liga 3, third tier of Portuguese football. They currently play at the Estádio Dr. Diogo Alves Vaz Pereira.

Vila Real District
The District of Vila Real (Portuguese: Distrito de Vila Real [ˈvilɐ ʁiˈal] ⓘ) is a district of northern Portugal.  With an area of 4,239 km2 (1,637 sq mi), the district is located east of the port city of Porto and north of the Douro River.  Vila Real has always belonged to the historical province of Trás-os-Montes.  It is bordered by Spain (Galicia) in the north and east, Braga District and Porto District in the west, Viseu District in the south and Bragança District in the east.

Approximate population in the 2001 census was 230,000.  The population has shown negative rates in recent years due to emigration and aging.  Many of the villages have lost population and have become deserted, while the namesake district capital has gained in population.
Flame programmer
A flame programmer is an electrical, electro-mechanical, or electronic device used to program the safe lighting of fuel burning equipment, as well as the safe shut-down of the flame when it is not needed.

These programmers are made with different time sequences to accommodate very small household furnaces to mammoth industrial steam boilers and many other fuel burning processes in industry.

Furnace (central heating)
A furnace is an appliance used to generate hot air for all or part of a building. Furnaces are mostly used as a major component of a central heating system. The most common fuel source for modern furnaces in North America and much of Europe is natural gas; other common fuel sources include LPG (liquefied petroleum gas), fuel oil, wood and in rare cases coal. In some areas electrical resistance heating is used, especially where the cost of electricity is low or the primary purpose is for air conditioning. Modern high-efficiency furnaces can be up to 98% efficient and operate without a chimney, with a typical gas furnace being about 80% efficient. Waste gas and heat are mechanically ventilated through either metal flue pipes or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes that can be vented through the side or roof of the structure. Fuel efficiency in a gas furnace is measured in AFUE (Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency).
Ashley Sharp
Ashley Sharp (born 11 June 1997) is an Australian rules footballer who played for the Fremantle Football Club in the AFL Women's competition. Sharp was drafted by Fremantle with their third selection and twentieth overall in the 2016 AFL Women's draft. She made her debut in the thirty-two point loss to the Western Bulldogs at VU Whitten Oval in the opening round of the 2017 season. After the round three match against Greater Western Sydney, in which she recorded nine disposals and three goals, she was announced as the round nominee for the AFL Women's Rising Star. She played every match in her debut season to finish with seven matches.

In December 2022, Sharp decided to step away from football to focus on her family.

Off the field, Sharp plays in the State Basketball League, having played for the East Perth Eagles in 2016 and 2017 before joining the Kalamunda Eastern Suns in 2018.

September 2022, Sharp was appointed the Head Coach of the WAFLW Development programme.

2016 AFL Women's draft
The 2016 AFL Women's draft consisted of the various periods when the eight clubs in the AFL Women's competition recruited players prior to the competition's inaugural season in 2017.

Draftees and signings over the period were required to have a minimum age qualification of 18. Prior to the draft itself each club was allowed to sign two marquee players from any state across the country at an increased salary. In addition, they were permitted to sign a number of priority players with existing connections to the club, and up to two rookie players who had not played competitive Australian rules football within the previous three years. All remaining players entered the draft and became eligible to be selected by any team based in their nominated state-based zone.
Beech Fork State Park
Beech Fork State Park is a state park located in Cabell County and Wayne County, West Virginia.  The park is located on the tailwater shores of Beech Fork Lake, a flood control impoundment of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers on the Beech Fork of Twelvepole Creek.  Since its development in the mid-1970s, Beech Fork State Park has proven to be a popular recreation spot for the residents of nearby Barboursville and Huntington, West Virginia, as well as those living in the surrounding region.  The park is located about 10 miles (16 km) south of the Hal Greer Exit (Exit 11) of Interstate 64.

Access to the park is also available from Exits 8, 15, and 20 of I-64.  The Beech Fork Lake Dam and Marina are about a 20-mile (40-minute) drive from the park.

Corps of Engineers lake rules restrict boat motors to 10-hp or smaller.

Hal Greer
Harold Everett Greer (/ˈhæl ˈɡrɪər/ HAL GREER; June 26, 1936 – April 14, 2018) was an American professional basketball player and coach. He played for the Syracuse Nationals / Philadelphia 76ers of the National Basketball Association (NBA) from 1958 through 1973. A guard, Greer was a 10-time NBA All-Star and was named to the All-NBA Second Team seven times. He was named to the 50 Greatest Players in NBA History, the NBA 75th Anniversary Team, and his uniform number was among Philadelphia 76ers retired numbers. Greer is a member of the Basketball Hall of Fame.
Körte
The surname Körte may have two etymologies. The word literally means "pear" in Hungarian and may be an occupational surname for a fruit grower or seller. It may also be a  Westphalian version for "Kurt". Notable people with this surname include:

Alfred Körte (1866–1946), German philologist

Franz Körte (1782–1845), German natural and agricultural scientist

Gustav Körte (1852–1917), German archeologist

Peter Körte (1896–1947), Wehrmacht general

Siegfried Körte, the namesake of the Körte-Oberlyzeum

Werner Körte (1853–1937), German surgeon

Franz Körte
Heinrich Friedrich Franz Körte (17 March 1782 – 30 January 1845) was a German natural and agricultural scientist, and for thirty years Professor of Natural Sciences at the Agricultural Academy in Möglin, which was founded by Albrecht Daniel Thaer.
Fort Kastela
Fort Kastela (Indonesian: Benteng Kastela) is a ruined Portuguese fortress located at the southwest coast of Ternate. It is famous for being the first colonial fortification constructed in the Spice Islands (Maluku) of Indonesia. Built by the Portuguese in 1522, it is also referred to in different languages as São João Baptista de Ternate or Fortaleza de Ternate (Portuguese), Ciudad del Rosario (Spanish) or Gammalamma (Ternatean and Dutch). Today it is locally known as Kastella/, from spanish región of Castile.

Castile (historical region)
Castile or Castille (/kæˈstiːl/; Spanish: Castilla [kasˈtiʎa] ⓘ) is a territory of imprecise limits located in Spain. The Encyclopædia Britannica defines it as encompassing Old Castile and New Castile, as they were formally defined in the 1833 territorial division of Spain.

Castile's name is generally thought to mean "land of castles" (castle in Spanish is castillo), in reference to the castles built in the area to consolidate the Christian Reconquest from the Moors.
Mall Aventura Plaza Arequipa
Mall Aventura Arequipa is a shopping mall in Pongoroche, Arequipa, Peru. It was built in the former Hipodromo de Porongoche. It is open to the public. Stores in this mall include Ripley, Falabella, Tottus, xiaomi Archived 2021-12-02 at the Wayback Machine, Sodimac, Cinemark, Cibertec, Clínica Internacional, Euroidiomas, MAC Cosmetics.

Cinemark Theatres
Cinemark Holdings, Inc. (stylized as CineMark from 1998 until 2022 and in all caps since 2022) is an American movie theater chain that started operations in 1977 and since then has operated theaters with hundreds of locations throughout the Americas. It is headquartered in Plano, Texas, in the Dallas–Fort Worth area. Cinemark operates 497 theaters and 5,653 screens in the U.S. and Latin America as of March 2025. It is also the largest movie theater chain in Brazil, with a 30 percent market share.

Cinemark operates theaters under several brands, including its flagship Cinemark, Century Theatres, Tinseltown USA, CinéArts and Rave Cinemas.

In May 2021, Cinemark struck agreements to show films from some of its major Hollywood studio partners, including Warner Bros., Walt Disney Studios, Paramount, and Sony Pictures. The goal of the move is to establish how long movies will play in theaters before being available for home video.
Cabeção (footballer)
Luís Morais (23 August 1930 – 6 January 2020), also known as Cabeção,  was a Brazilian football player. He played for the Brazil national football team at the 1954 FIFA World Cup finals.

Cabeção played club football for Corinthians, Bangu, Portuguesa, Comercial-SP, Juventus-SP and Portuguesa Santista, winning the Campeonato Paulista in 1951, 1952 and 1954 with Corinthians. Cabeção died on 6 January 2020 at the age of 89.

Associação Portuguesa de Desportos
Associação Portuguesa de Desportos, commonly referred to as Portuguesa or Lusa, is a Brazilian professional football club based in the district of Pari, São Paulo, that competes in the Campeonato Paulista, the top tier of the São Paulo state football league, and the Campeonato Brasileiro Série D. It is part of a sports club, founded on 14 August 1920, by the Portuguese population of the city.
Q2 Stadium
Q2 Stadium is a soccer-specific stadium located in the North Burnet section of North Austin, Texas, United States. It is the home of Austin FC, a Major League Soccer (MLS) team that began play in 2021. The stadium hosted its first event on June 16, 2021, an international friendly between the United States women's national team and Nigeria.

Jamaica national football team
The Jamaica national football team represents Jamaica in men's international football, which is governed by the Jamaica Football Federation founded in 1910. It has been an affiliate member of FIFA since 1962 and an affiliate member of CONCACAF since 1963. Regionally, it is an affiliate member of CFU in the Caribbean Zone.

Jamaica has qualified for the FIFA World Cup once (1998), achieving its first victory after defeating Japan 2–1.

Jamaica has participated sixteen times in CONCACAF's premier continental competition, finishing as runners-up twice in the CONCACAF Gold Cup (2015 and 2017). It has participated three times in League A and once in League B of the CONCACAF Nations League, finishing in third place in the 2024 Finals. It has also participated three times in the Copa América (2015, 2016 and 2024).

Regionally, the team won 6 Caribbean Cup titles (organized by CFU).
Monteverdi-Chor Hamburg
The Monteverdi-Chor Hamburg is a mixed choir in Hamburg, the chamber choir of the University of Hamburg since 1961. Founded in 1955 by Jürgen Jürgens and directed by him until 1994, it is one of Germany's most famous concert choirs. The choir is well known for its interpretations of Baroque and Renaissance music, but covers choral music from the Renaissance to contemporary music. Since 1994, the conductor has been Gothart Stier.

Nikolaus Harnoncourt
Johann Nikolaus Harnoncourt (6 December 1929 – 5 March 2016) was an Austrian conductor, known for his historically informed performances. He specialized in music of the Baroque period, but later extended his repertoire to include Classical and early Romantic works. Among his best known recordings are those of Bach, whose 193 cantatas he recorded with Gustav Leonhardt.

Starting out as a classical cellist, he founded his own period instrument ensemble, Concentus Musicus Wien, in 1953, and became a pioneer of the Early Music movement. Around 1970, Harnoncourt began conducting opera and concert performances, soon leading international symphony orchestras, and appearing at leading concert halls, operatic venues and festivals. In 2001 and 2003, he conducted the Vienna New Year's Concert. Harnoncourt was also the author of several books, mostly on subjects of performance history and musical aesthetics.
Kadin Island
Kadin Island is an island in the Alaska Panhandle of southeastern Alaska. It is located in the mouth of the Stikine River, 7 km (4 mi) NW of Wrangell Island, Alexander Archipelago.

Kadin Island is 3.5 km (2 mi) in length. The highest point on the island is 1,810 ft (550 m) above sea level. It belongs administratively to the City and Borough of Wrangell.

This island was named in 1863 by the surveyors of the Russian corvette Rynda after pilot Mikhail Kadin, an Aleut born in Atka, who was also a member of the surveying party. Kadin drew the charts in the Tebenkov atlas, along with Kozma Terentev in Sitka between 1848 and 1850.

Atka, Alaska
Atka (Aleut: Atx̂ax̂, Russian: Атка) is a small city located on the east side of Atka Island, in Aleutians West Census Area, Alaska, United States. The population was 53 at the 2020 census, down from 61 in 2010.

The population of Atka is nearly entirely Aleut (Unangan). The major industry is fishing.
Arthur Rusch
Arthur L. Rusch (born March 16, 1946) is an American politician. He serves as a Republican member of the South Dakota Senate, where he represents District 17 (encompassing parts of Clay County and Turner County).

Turner County, South Dakota
Turner County is a county in the U.S. state of South Dakota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 8,673. Its county seat is Parker. The county was established in 1871, and was named for Dakota Territory official John W. Turner.

Turner County is a part of the Sioux Falls metropolitan area.
Moussa Abadi
Moussa Abadi (1910–1997) was a member of the French Resistance in southern France during World War II. With Odette Rosenstock, they saved 527 children from being taken by the Nazis and the Schutzstaffel  (SS) forces.

United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (USHMM) is the United States' official memorial to the Holocaust, dedicated to the documentation, study, and interpretation of the Holocaust. Opened in 1993, the museum explores the Holocaust through permanent and traveling exhibitions, educational programs, survivor testimonies and archival collections. The USHMM was created to help leaders and citizens of the world confront hatred, prevent genocide, promote human dignity, and strengthen democracy.
Rondong Demang Stadium
Rondong Demang Stadium is a multi-use stadium in Tenggarong, Indonesia.  It is currently used mostly for football matches and is used as the home venue for Mitra Kukar of the Liga Indonesia. The stadium has a capacity of 10,000 spectators.

Indonesian football league system
The Indonesian football league system is a series of league system for association football clubs in Indonesia. Since 1994, Liga Indonesia is the league competition featuring association football clubs, as a result of two existing top-flight football leagues merger: Perserikatan (amateur) and Galatama (semi professional). Liga Indonesia is managed by PSSI, the Indonesian national football federation, and operated by I-League and its previous iterations (Badan Liga Indonesia (BLI) from 1994–2008, PT Liga Indonesia (PT. LI) from 2008–2015, PT Liga Prima Indonesia Sportindo (PT. LPIS) from 2011–2013 (Dualism Competition Operator), PT Gelora Trisula Semesta (PT. GTS) from 2016 (Unofficial Competition Operator) and PT Liga Indonesia Baru (PT. LIB) from 2017–2025).

There are four levels of competition in the hierarchy recently. The top two tiers are professional competitions, the third tier is semi-professional, and the fourth tier is amateur.
Devgan
Devgan is a surname native to India.

Notable people with the surname include:

Anirudh Devgan (born 1969), Indian-American computer scientist

Ajay Devgn (born Ajay Devgan, 1969), Indian actor

Amish Devgan (born 1980), Indian news anchor

Anil Devgan (1969–2020), Indian director and screenwriter, son of Veeru

Veeru Devgan (1934–2019), Indian stunt director

Anil Devgan
Anil Devgan (25 May 1969 – 5 October 2020) was an Indian filmmaker and screenwriter, the son of Prem Prakash Devgan, and the first cousin of actor Ajay Devgan. He directed films such as Raju Chacha and Blackmail. He died at the age of 51 due to cardiac arrest on the night of 5 October 2020.
Wildpark-Höfli railway station
Wildpark-Höfli is a railway station in the Sihl Valley, and the municipality of Langnau am Albis, in the Swiss Canton of Zurich. The station is on the Sihltal line, which is operated by the Sihltal Zürich Uetliberg Bahn (SZU). Opened in 1982, it replaced the nearby Gontenbach station, which was located about 500 m (1,600 ft) north.

The station. which has a single side platform and track, takes its name from the nearby settlement of Höfli and the Wildpark Langenberg, a nearby zoo.

Sihl Valley
Sihl Valley (German: Sihltal) is a river valley and belongs to the Zimmerberg-Sihltal region located in the district of Horgen in the canton of Zurich, Switzerland. Commonly Sihltal is used as the name of the Lower Sihl Valley, i.e. the area in the southwest of the city of Zürich.
Tabloid Wars
Tabloid Wars is an American reality television series that premiered on July 24, 2006, on the Bravo cable network. Filmed in mid-2005, the show chronicles the working lives of journalists from the New York Daily News.

Featured writers and editors included Michael Cooke, Lenore Skenazy, Dean Chang, Tracy Connor, Tony Sclafani, Joanna Molloy, Kerry Burke, and Hudson "Hud" Morgan. Despite good reviews from critics, the show was not renewed for a second season.

The show was initially supposed to focus on employees working in the New York Post; the editor in chief Col Allan, however, opted to pass on the show. The series was announced in April 2005 and was initially called The Daily News.

Col Allan
Colin "Col" Allan (born 1953) is an Australian journalist. He served as the editor in chief of The Daily Telegraph and The Sunday Telegraph of Sydney, Australia and served as editor in chief of the New York Post from 2001 to 2016.
1866 in birding and ornithology
Richard Owen describes the mandible of the broad-billed parrot.

Philip Sclater Exotic Ornithology (1866–69).

Carl Jakob Sundevall Conspectus avium picinarum, Stockholm [Sweden] :Samson & Wallin, 1866.[on woodpeckers] online BHL

Birds described in 1866 include Cabanis's tanager, bar-winged rail, spot-crowned antvireo, Van Dam's vanga, Mayotte drongo,

Death of Johann Wilhelm von Müller

Death of Philipp Franz von Siebold

Axel Wilhelm Eriksson leaves Sweden for South-West Africa.

Foundation of Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi.

Death of Christian Ludwig Landbeck. He had described many bird species in collaboration with Rodolfo Amando Philippi.

Death of Ferdinand Joseph L'Herminier

Philippi, R. A. & Landbeck, L. 1866. Beiträge zur Fauna Chiles. Archiv für Naturgeschichte 32: 121–132.Masafuera rayadito.

Van Dam's vanga
Van Dam's vanga (Xenopirostris damii) is a species of bird in the family Vangidae.
It is endemic to Madagascar.

Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forests. Males may be identified by their black hood whereas females have only a black cap.
Bone morphogenetic protein 8B
Bone morphogenetic protein 8B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BMP8B gene.

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the TGF-β superfamily. It has close sequence homology to BMP7 and BMP5 and is believed to play a role in bone and cartilage development. It has been shown to be expressed in the hippocampus of murine embryos.

The bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are a family of secreted signaling molecules that can induce ectopic bone growth. Many BMPs are part of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGFB) superfamily. BMPs were originally identified by an ability of demineralized bone extract to induce endochondral osteogenesis in vivo in an extraskeletal site. Based on its expression early in embryogenesis, the BMP encoded by this gene has a proposed role in early development. In addition, the fact that this BMP is closely related to BMP5 and BMP7 has led to speculation of possible bone inductive activity.

Sequence homology
Sequence homology is the biological homology between DNA, RNA, or protein sequences, defined in terms of shared ancestry in the evolutionary history of life. Two segments of DNA can have shared ancestry because of three phenomena: either a speciation event (orthologs), or a duplication event (paralogs), or else a horizontal (or lateral) gene transfer event (xenologs).

Homology among DNA, RNA, or proteins is typically inferred from their nucleotide or amino acid sequence similarity. Significant similarity is strong evidence that two sequences are related by evolutionary changes from a common ancestral sequence. Alignments of multiple sequences are used to indicate which regions of each sequence are homologous.
Andrew Quinn (footballer)
Andrew Quinn (born 24 January 2002) is an Irish professional footballer who plays as a defender for League of Ireland Premier Division club Drogheda United. His previous clubs are Dundalk, Bray Wanderers and Shelbourne.

Oriel Park
Oriel Park is a UEFA Category 2 football stadium located on the Carrickmacross Road in Dundalk, Ireland. The stadium is the home ground of Dundalk Football Club and is owned and operated by the club on land that has been leased from the Casey Family Trust since 1936.

The ground has a capacity of 3,100 for European matches (i.e. 3,100 seats) and 4,500 for domestic games (i.e. with the remainder standing). Oriel Park's attendance record is an estimated 18,000, set in 1982 for Dundalk's European Cup Winners' Cup second round tie against Tottenham Hotspur F.C.
2024 RFL Wheelchair Super League
The 2024 Wheelchair Super League (also known as the 2024 Betfred Wheelchair Super League for sponsorship purposes) was the fifth season of the Rugby Football League (RFL) premier wheelchair rugby league competition.

The defending champions were Wigan Warriors who won the 2023 Grand Final, defeating Leeds Rhinos 50–42.

Five teams form the league and each played eight fixtures during the regular season, playing each of the other teams twice - home and away.  At the end of the regular season, the top four teams advanced to the play-offs which were knock-out semi-finals followed by the grand final.

Unlike 2023, there were not any magic rounds with matches played at neutral venues. The teams had more home fixtures with the aim of increasing local support.

The grand final was broadcast live on Sky Sports.

On 13 October, Leeds Rhinos defeated Halifax Panthers 52–32 in the Grand Final to become the 2024 champions.

Wheelchair rugby league
Wheelchair rugby league is a wheelchair-based version of rugby league football, one of two recognised disability versions of the sport. It was developed in France in 2000. Unlike other wheelchair sports, people without disabilities are allowed to compete in top-level competition.