hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chu Tzer-ming
Chu Tzer-ming (Chinese: 朱澤民; pinyin: Zhū Zémín) is a Taiwanese financier and politician. He has been the Minister of the Directorate-General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics in the Executive Yuan since 20 May 2016.

Executive Yuan
The Executive Yuan (Chinese: 行政院; pinyin: Xíngzhèng Yuàn) is the executive branch of the government of the Republic of China, known commonly as Taiwan, which formerly ruled mainland China until 1949.

The Executive Yuan was founded in 1928. Under the amended constitution, the head of the Executive Yuan is the Premier who is positioned as the head of government and has the power to appoint members to serve in the cabinet, while the ROC President is the head of state under the semi-presidential system, who can appoint the Premier and nominate the members of the cabinet. The Premier may be removed by a vote of no-confidence by a majority of the Legislative Yuan, after which the President may either remove the Premier or dissolve the Legislative Yuan and initiate a new election for legislators.
Letsoku
Letsoku is a clayey soil used by several tribes in Southern Africa and other parts of the African continent.The Sotho-Tswana of Southern Africa have described a number of clay soils as letsoku. These are named differently by other tribes in the region, it is known as chomane in Shona, ilibovu in Swati, imbola in Xhosa and luvhundi in Venda, there are many other names given by other ethnic groups. Letsoku occurs naturally in a number of colours and it has many use, it is mostly used for cosmetic applications in Southern Africa. However, other functions of it is related to artwork, medicinal use, cultural symbolism and traditional beliefs

Shona language
Shona (/ˈʃoʊnə/ SHOH-nə; endonym: chiShona [tʃiʃona]) is a Bantu language spoken by the Shona people of Zimbabwe and Mozambique. The term is variously used to collectively describe all the Central Shonic varieties (comprising Zezuru, Manyika, Korekore and Karanga or Ndau) or specifically Standard Shona, a variety codified in the mid-20th century. By the broader definition, the language is spoken by over 14 million people.

The larger group of historically related languages—called Shona or Shonic languages by linguists—also includes Ndau (Eastern Shona) and Kalanga (Western Shona). In Guthrie's classification of Bantu languages, zone S.10 designates the Shonic group.
Antonio Bertolaja
Antonio Bertolaja FRPSL was an Italian philatelist who was appointed to the Roll of Distinguished Philatelists in 1999. He formed leading collections of the Cape of Good Hope and Newfoundland and was a fellow of the Royal Philatelic Society of London who awarded him their Tilleard Medal.

Philately
Philately (/fɪˈlætəli/; fih-LAT-ə-lee) is the study of postage stamps and postal history. It also refers to the collection and appreciation of stamps and other philatelic products. While closely associated with stamp collecting and the study of postage, it is possible to be a philatelist without owning any stamps. For instance, the stamps being studied may be very rare or reside only in museums.
Bezvodno
Bezvodno (Bulgarian: Безводно) is a village in Chernoochene Municipality, in Kardzhali Province, in southern-central Bulgaria. It is located 179.771 kilometres (111.705 mi) southeast of the capital Sofia. It covers an area of 47.474 square kilometres and as of 2007 it had a population of 134 people. The village lies in the eastern Rhodope Mountains on the river Borovitsa.

Kardzhali Province
41°39′N 25°22′E﻿ / ﻿41.650°N 25.367°E﻿ / 41.650; 25.367

Kardzhali Province  (Bulgarian: Област Кърджали, romanized: Oblast Kărdžali) is a province of southern Bulgaria, neighbouring Greece with the Greek regional units of Xanthi, Rhodope, and Evros to the south and east. It is 3,209.1 km2 in area. Its main city is Kardzhali. It is Bulgaria's southernmost province.
John McGuinness (baseball)
John James McGuinness (1857 – December 19, 1916) was an Irish professional baseball player. He played in three seasons in Major League Baseball, 1876 for the New York Mutuals, 1879 for the Syracuse Stars, and 1884 for the Philadelphia Keystones of the Union Association. He was mostly used as a first baseman.

Union Association
The Union Association was an American professional baseball league which competed with Major League Baseball, lasting for just the 1884 season. St. Louis won the pennant and joined the National League the following season.

Seven of the twelve teams who were in the Association at some point during the season did not play a full schedule: four teams folded during the season and were replaced, while  Chicago moved to Pittsburgh in late August.
Caloola Club
The Caloola Club was a bushwalking and outdoors activity club that was based in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, founded in 1945 and active until 1963, when it merged with the National Parks Association of N.S.W. The club was an influential part of the 'second wave' of the conservation and environmental movement in New South Wales during the post-WWII period.

Nadgee Nature Reserve
The Nadgee Nature Reserve is a protected nature reserve that is located in the far south coast region of New South Wales, in eastern Australia. The 20,671-hectare (51,080-acre) reserve is situated to the immediate south of Beowa National Park. Its southern border is bounded by the Black-Allan Line that marks the straight–line border between New South Wales and Victoria, where it abuts Croajingolong National Park.

Some 18,800 hectares (46,000 acres) of the reserve is declared a wilderness area; and additional parts of the reserve accommodate a diverse range of activities including bushwalking, cycling, swimming, fishing and sea kayaking.
La Fin du jour (ballet)
La Fin du jour is a one-act ballet created by Kenneth MacMillan in 1979 for the Royal Ballet, London. The music is Maurice Ravel's Piano Concerto in G (1931).

In MacMillan's words, "La Fin du jour draws its inspiration from the style of the 'thirties'; the designs and choreography are inspired by the fashion plates of an era and a way of life shattered forever by the Second World War."

The first performance was at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden on 15 March 1979. The leading roles were danced by Merle Park, Jennifer Penney, Julian Hosking and Wayne Eagling. The solo pianist was Philip Gammon, the conductor was Ashley Lawrence, and the designs were by Ian Spurling.

The Royal Ballet
The Royal Ballet is a British classical ballet company, based at the Royal Opera House in Covent Garden, London, England. The largest of the five major ballet companies in Great Britain, the Royal Ballet was founded in 1931 by Dame Ninette de Valois. It became the resident ballet company of the Royal Opera House in 1946, and has purpose-built facilities within these premises. It was granted a royal charter in 1956, becoming recognised as Britain's flagship ballet company.

The Royal Ballet was one of the foremost ballet companies of the 20th century, and continues to be one of the world's most famous ballet companies to this day, generally noted for its artistic and creative values. The company employs approximately 100 dancers. The official associate school of the company is the Royal Ballet School, and it also has a sister company, the Birmingham Royal Ballet, which operates independently. The prima ballerina assoluta of the Royal Ballet is the late Dame Margot Fonteyn.
Elsa Baquerizo
Elsa María Baquerizo McMillan (born 25 June 1987) is a Spanish beach volleyball player. As of 2012, she plays with Liliana Fernández. The pair participated in the 2012 Summer Olympics tournament and were eliminated in the round of 16 by the Italians Greta Cicolari and Marta Menegatti. They again competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics, losing in the last 16 to the Russian pair of Birlova and Ukolova.

Beach volleyball at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament
The women's beach volleyball tournament at the 2012 Olympic Games in London, United Kingdom, took place between July 28, 2012 and August 8, 2012 at Horse Guards Parade.

Twenty-four pairs of competitors were taking part, including one from Great Britain as the host country, and a maximum of two from each other nation. Sixteen qualified through positioning in the FIVB Beach Volleyball World Rankings as of 17 June 2012, five others earned their places at the 2010–12 Continental Beach Volleyball Cup, and the final three from the FIVB Beach Volleyball World Cup Olympic Qualification tournament.

By virtue of the two American pairings winning gold and silver, this marked the second time in Olympic history the top two women's teams were both from the same country, the first being Brazil back in 1996 when the event debuted.
Nat Kalan
Nat Kalan (Urdu: نت کلاں), also spelled as Natt Kalan, is a town and union council in Wazirabad Tehsil, Gujranwala District, Punjab, Pakistan.

Khas-o-Khashak Zamane (خس و خاشاک زمانے), a novel by the famed Pakistani author  Mustansar Hussain Tarar, focuses on 100 years of history and how the partition of India affected the Nat Kalan village.

Gujranwala District
Gujranwala District is a district within the Gujranwala Division of Punjab, Pakistan. It is bordered by the districts of Wazirabad, Sialkot, Hafizabad and Sheikhupura. Gujranwala district has 5 National Assembly and 12 Punjab Assembly constituencies.
Colewell
Colewell is a 2019 American drama film written, directed, and co-edited by Tom Quinn. It stars Karen Allen as a rural postmaster who struggles to find purpose when her office is suddenly closed and she is faced with retirement. Kevin J. O'Connor and Hannah Gross appear in supporting roles.

The film had its world premiere at the 62nd San Francisco International Film Festival on April 13, 2019. It was simultaneously released in limited theaters and on DVD, Blu-ray, and video on demand on December 13, 2019, by Gravitas Ventures. It received positive reviews from critics, who mostly praised Allen's performance. At the 35th Independent Spirit Awards, the film was nominated for Best Female Lead (for Allen) and the John Cassavetes Award.

Independent Spirit John Cassavetes Award
The Independent Spirit John Cassavetes Award is presented to the creative team of a film budgeted at less than $1,000,000 by the Film Independent, a non-profit organization dedicated to independent film and independent filmmakers. It is named after actor/screenwriter/director John Cassavetes, a pioneer of American independent film. The award is given to the directors, writers and producers of a film.
Oreste Mattirolo
Oreste Mattirolo (7 December 1856, in Turin – 3 December 1947, in Turin) was an Italian botanist and mycologist, who specialized in hypogeal fungi.

He studied medicine and sciences at the University of Turin, and from 1879, continued his education at the University of Strasbourg as a pupil of Heinrich Anton de Bary. In 1894 he became an associate professor at the University of Bologna, where he attained a full professorship during the following year. Later on, he served as a professor of botany and director of the botanical gardens at the universities of Florence (1898–1900) and Turin (1900–37).

The mycological genera Mattirolia (Berl. & Bres., 1889) and Mattirolomyces (E.Fisch., 1938) commemorate his name.

University of Florence
The University of Florence (Italian: Università degli Studi di Firenze) (UNIFI) is an Italian public research university located in Florence, Italy. It comprises 12 schools and has around 50,000 students enrolled.
Campbell shag
The Campbell shag (Leucocarbo campbelli), also known as the Campbell Island shag, is a species of bird in the family Phalacrocoracidae. It is endemic to Campbell Island. Its natural habitats are open seas and rocky shores. It is a medium-sized bird, around 63 cm in length, with a wingspan of 105 cm, weighing between 1.6 – 2 kg. They only breed on Campbell Island and forage within 10 km of the island. Its unique, looped head and elongated beak allow to easily feed on shellfish and marine invertebrates. This is done through foraging dive cycles of high speed and efficiency.

Some taxonomic authorities, including the International Ornithologists' Union, place this species in the genus Leucocarbo. Others place it in the genus Phalacrocorax.

International Ornithologists' Union
The International Ornithologists' Union (IOU) is an international organization for the promotion of ornithology. It links basic and applied research and nurtures education and outreach activities. Specifically, the IOU organizes and funds global congresses on ornithology at regular intervals, sets up and supports commissions and committees on various aspects of avian biology and conservation, and initiates and backs other international ornithological activities with specific aims consistent with its own mission and goal. It discloses the names and professional affiliations of its members on its website to encourage international collaboration and networking. The IOU acts as the Ornithology Section of the IUBS.
Fjelldal
Fjelldal is a village in Tjeldsund Municipality in Troms county, Norway. The village is located on the eastern bank of the Tjeldsundet strait in the northeastern part of the municipality. The village is located about halfway between the villages of Ramsund and Evenskjer. The town of Harstad is located about 45 kilometres (28 mi) north of Fjelldal, and Harstad/Narvik Airport, Evenes is reachable by a 15-minute car drive to the southeast. Fjelldal Chapel is located in this village.

The 0.84-square-kilometre (210-acre) village had a population (2012) of 312 and a population density of 371 inhabitants per square kilometre (960/sq mi). Since 2012, the population and area data for this village area has not been separately tracked by Statistics Norway.

Troms
Troms (Norwegian: [trʊms] ⓘ; Northern Sami: Romsa; Kven: Tromssa; Finnish: Tromssa) is a  county in northern Norway. It borders Finnmark county to the northeast and Nordland county in the southwest. Norrbotten Län in Sweden is located to the south and further southeast is a shorter border with Lapland Province in Finland. To the west is the Norwegian Sea (Atlantic Ocean). The county had a population of 169,610 in 2024.

The entire county, which was established in 1866, is located north of the Arctic Circle. The Troms County Municipality is the governing body for the county, elected by the people of Troms, while the Troms county governor is a representative of the King and Government of Norway.

From January 2020 to December 2023, Troms was merged with the neighboring Finnmark county to create the new Troms og Finnmark county. This merger was reversed by the government resulting from the 2021 Norwegian parliamentary election.
PLA Military Sports Training Center
The People's Liberation Army Military Sports Training Center, also known as the Central Military Commission Training and Administration Department Military Sports Training Center,  is a directly subordinate agency of the Training Administration Department of the Central Military Commission of China. It is responsible for the training of the PLA's military sports teams, and for assisting in the general physical education standards in the PLA. After 2020, it became the last organized sports unit in the PLA. It is the inheritor of a long PLA sports tradition represented by the (now abolished) August First Sports Team.

International Military Sports Council
The International Military Sports Council (IMSC; French: Conseil International du Sport Militaire, CISM) is an international sports association, established in 1948 and headquartered in Brussels, Belgium. It is the world's second-largest multi-discipline sports organisation, after the International Olympic Committee, holding more than 20 competitions annually. Under its auspices, soldiers who may previously have met on the battlefield compete on the playing field. CISM organises various sporting events, including the Military World Games and World Military Championships, for the armed forces of 140 member countries. The aim of CISM is to promote sport activity and physical education between armed forces as a means to foster world peace. The motto of CISM is "Friendship through Sport" and is based on the three pillars: sport, education and solidarity. Since  April 2022, the president of CISM has been Colonel Nilton Gomes Rolim Filho of Brazil.
Tell Deir
Tell Deir (Arabic: تل دير, romanized: Tall Dayr) is an archaeological site approximately halfway between Joub Jannine and Chtaura in Lebanon, and a large landmark in the Beqaa Mohafazat (Governorate). It dates at least to the Neolithic.

A large amount of Neolithic material was recovered from the site and it was studied by Lorraine Copeland and Peter Wescombe. The most plentiful types were large axes, adzes, picks, knives and scrapers. Some smaller burins were found along with sickles showing denticulation and segmentation. A few pottery sherds were found with burnishing and red washing. Finds resembled later Neolithic material found nearby and was also suggested to have been occupied in the Bronze Age.

Chtaura
Chtaura (Arabic: شتورا) is a town in Lebanon in the fertile Beqaa valley located between the Mount Lebanon and Syria. It is located halfway on the Beirut–Damascus highway. It is located 44 kilometres (27 mi) from Beirut.

Chtaura is the valley's hub for banking, transportation, and commerce, with many hotels and restaurants on the main road. From Chtaura, travelers can depart for Zahlé, Baalbek, or Damascus.
Battle of Fuzhou
The Battle of Fuzhou, or Battle of Foochow, also known as the Battle of the Pagoda Anchorage (French: Combat naval de Fou-Tchéou, Chinese: 馬江海戰, 馬江之役 or 馬尾海戰, literally Battle of Mawei), was the opening engagement of the 16-month Sino-French War (December 1883 – April 1885). The battle was fought on 23 August 1884 off the Pagoda Anchorage in Mawei (馬尾) harbour, 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) to the southeast of the city of Fuzhou (Foochow). During the battle Admiral Amédée Courbet's Far East Squadron virtually destroyed the Fujian Fleet, one of the Qing dynasty's four regional fleets.

Mawei, Fuzhou
Mawei (simplified Chinese: 马尾; traditional Chinese: 馬尾; pinyin: Mǎwěi; Foochow Romanized: Mā-muōi) is one of 6 urban districts of the prefecture-level city of Fuzhou, the capital of Fujian Province, China. The district spans an area of 319.66 square kilometers, of which, 275.66 square kilometers is land. The district had a population of 290,554 as of 2020.

Mawei District is located on the north bank of the Min River, between Fuzhou's urban core and the coast of the East China Sea. The district also includes Langqi Island formed by the two main branches of the Min River as it flows into the sea.

Mawei District is famous for its historical Mawei Arsenal, with a modern shipyard operating on the site.
American gray flycatcher
The American gray flycatcher, American grey flycatcher, or just gray flycatcher (Empidonax wrightii) as it is known in North America, is a small, insectivorous passerine in the tyrant flycatcher family. It is common in the arid regions of western North America, especially the Great Basin. From sagebrush steppes to pinyon-juniper woodlands and ponderosa pine forests, this flycatcher forages for insects from shrubs or low tree branches.

The American gray flycatcher is one of the many species in the genus Empidonax. These species are very similar in appearance and behavior, and they are notoriously difficult to differentiate. The best characteristics for distinguishing these species are voice, breeding habitat, and range. The American gray flycatcher, however, can be identified by a unique behavior, its downward tail wag. Other Empidonax species typically exhibit a rapid upward tail flick.

Aridity
Aridity is the condition of geographical regions which make up approximately 43% of total global available land area, characterized by low annual precipitation, increased temperatures, and limited water availability. These areas tend to fall upon degraded soils, and their health and functioning are key necessities of regulating ecosystems’ atmospheric components.
Royal Hotel, Cooma
Royal Hotel is a heritage-listed Australian pub at 59–61 Lambie Street, Cooma, Snowy Monaro Regional Council, New South Wales, Australia. It was built from 1858. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

Australian pub
An Australian pub or hotel is a public house in Australia, an establishment licensed to serve alcoholic drinks for consumption on the premises. They may also provide other services, such as entertainment, meals and basic accommodation.
Vejalpore
Vijalpore is a city and Municipality in the Navsari district in the Indian state of Gujarat.  The town is located 5 km south-west of Navsari near Surat-Nasik Highway. The town comes under the purview of Surat Metropolitan Region.

Navsari district
Navsari district is an administrative district in the state of Gujarat in India, with its headquarters at the city of Navsari. The district covers an area of 2,211 square kilometres and was formed in 1997 after Valsad district was split into Valsad and Navsari districts. It is the largest producer of chikoos in India.
Karen Michalowicz
Karen Dee Ann Shuman Michalowicz (died 2006) was an American middle school mathematics teacher. She was known for her advocacy of incorporating the history of mathematics, women in mathematics, and ethnomathematics into mathematics education as a way to encourage greater diversity and inclusion in mathematics, and for her collection of old textbooks, including works by Nicolo Tartaglia, Georg Sabinus, and Christopher Clavius published in the 16th century.

Nicolo Tartaglia
Nicolo,  known as Tartaglia (Italian: [tarˈtaʎʎa]; 1499/1500 – 13 December 1557), was an Italian mathematician, engineer (designing fortifications), a surveyor (of topography, seeking the best means of defense or offense) and a bookkeeper from the then Republic of Venice. He published many books, including the first Italian translations of Archimedes and Euclid, and an acclaimed compilation of mathematics. Tartaglia was the first to apply mathematics to the investigation of the paths of cannonballs, known as ballistics, in his Nova Scientia (A New Science, 1537); his work was later partially validated and partially superseded by Galileo's studies on falling bodies. He also published a treatise on retrieving sunken ships.
Felix Beckeman
Felix Beckeman (born in November 21, 1991) is a Swedish athlete who competes in mountain biking with a specificity in cross-country cycling. He was the winner of the gold medal in the Men’s Four-Cross event at the European Mountain Bike Championships in Poland, in 2012.

In 2017, he won the gold medal at the Four-Cross World Championships in Val di Sole Trentino, Italy.

European Mountain Bike Championships
The European Mountain Bike Championships (EMBCs) are an annual mountain bike racing championship in Europe. They have been held since 1989, and on an annual basis since 1991. There have been 28 editions as of 2017.