hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Variational quantum eigensolver
In quantum computing, the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) is a quantum algorithm for quantum chemistry, quantum simulations and optimization problems. It is a hybrid algorithm that uses both classical computers and quantum computers to find the ground state of a given physical system. Given a guess or ansatz, the quantum processor calculates the expectation value of the system with respect to an observable, often the Hamiltonian, and a classical optimizer is used to improve the guess. The algorithm is based on the variational method of quantum mechanics.

It was originally proposed in 2014, with corresponding authors Alberto Peruzzo, Alán Aspuru-Guzik and Jeremy O'Brien. The algorithm has also found applications in quantum machine learning and has been further substantiated by general hybrid algorithms between quantum and classical computers. It is an example of a noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) algorithm.

Mathematical optimization
Mathematical optimization (alternatively spelled optimisation) or mathematical programming is the selection of a best element, with regard to some criteria, from some set of available alternatives. It is generally divided into two subfields: discrete optimization and continuous optimization. Optimization problems arise in all quantitative disciplines from computer science and engineering to operations research and economics, and the development of solution methods has been of interest in mathematics for centuries.

In the more general approach, an optimization problem consists of maximizing or minimizing a real function by systematically choosing input values from within an allowed set and computing the value of the function. The generalization of optimization theory and techniques to other formulations constitutes a large area of applied mathematics.
Nowy Dwór, Łódź Voivodeship
Nowy Dwór [ˈnɔvɨ ˈdvur] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Nowy Kawęczyn, within Skierniewice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) south-east of Nowy Kawęczyn, 15 km (9 mi) south-east of Skierniewice, and 57 km (35 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.

Skierniewice County
Skierniewice County (Polish: powiat skierniewicki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Skierniewice, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county); there are no towns within the county.

The county covers an area of 756.12 square kilometres (291.9 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 37,779.
Fingerstick
In medicine, some blood tests are conducted on capillary blood obtained by fingerstick (or fingerprick) (or, for neonates, by an analogous heelprick). The site, free of surface arterial flow, where the blood is to be collected is sterilized with a topical germicide, and the skin pierced with a sterile lancet. After a droplet has formed, capillary blood is captured in a capillary tube (usually relying on surface tension) or on a membrane.

Topical medication
A topical medication is a medication that is applied to a particular place on or in the body. Most often topical medication means application to body surfaces such as the skin or mucous membranes to treat ailments via a large range of classes including creams, foams, gels, lotions, and ointments.  Many topical medications are epicutaneous, meaning that they are applied directly to the skin. Topical medications may also be inhalational, such as asthma medications, or applied to the surface of tissues other than the skin, such as eye drops applied to the conjunctiva, or ear drops placed in the ear, or medications applied to the surface of a tooth. The word topical derives from Greek τοπικός topikos, "of a place".
Dan Croll
Daniel Francis Croll (born 18 July 1990) is an English singer-songwriter. He is known for his songs "From Nowhere," "Compliment Your Soul," "Home," and "Yesterday." Often associated with indie pop and folktronica, his work also spans indie folk, folk-pop, rock music, and 1970s-style R&B and soft rock. In 2011 he was named Songwriter of the Year by the Musicians' Benevolent Fund while attending the Liverpool Institute for Performing Arts. His debut single, "From Nowhere," was released in 2012 and achieved commercial success. Croll followed it with 2014's full-length album Sweet Disarray. He has since released the albums Emerging Adulthood (2017), Grand Plan (2020), and Fools (2023), as well as the EP On Top (2021).

Folktronica
Folktronica is a genre of indie electronic music comprising various elements of folk music and electronica, often featuring uses of acoustic instruments—especially stringed instruments—deploying hip hop, electronic or dance rhythms, and incorporating delicate, textural sound design, although it varies based on influences and choice of sounds. The Ashgate Research Companion to Popular Musicology describes folktronica as "a catch-all [term] for all manner of artists who have combined mechanical dance beats with elements of acoustic rock or folk".
2018 German Darts Championship
The 2018 German Darts Championship was the tenth of thirteen PDC European Tour events on the 2018 PDC Pro Tour. The tournament took place at Halle 39, Hildesheim, Germany from 31 August–2 September 2018. It featured a field of 48 players and £135,000 in prize money, with £25,000 going to the winner.

Peter Wright was the defending champion after defeating Michael van Gerwen 6–3 in the 2017 final, but he withdrew the day before the event.

Van Gerwen won the event for the second time and his 27th European Tour title in total, beating James Wilson 8–6 in the final, and only dropping seven legs in the whole tournament.

During the event, Dave Chisnall broke the record for the highest ever 3-dart average on the European Tour, with an average of 118.66 in his 6–0 defeat of Mark Webster in the second round.

Dave Chisnall
David Chisnall (born 12 September 1980) is an English professional darts player who competes in Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) events, where he is ranked world number twenty-two; he reached a peak ranking of world number five in 2017 and 2024. Nicknamed "Chizzy", he began his career in the British Darts Organisation (BDO) and was the runner-up in the 2010 BDO World Championship. He switched to the PDC a year later where he has since won 26 PDC Pro Tour titles, reached six PDC major finals and represented England at the PDC World Cup on three occasions, making the semi-finals twice.

Chisnall is a two-time runner-up at both the PDC Masters and the World Grand Prix, with his best performance at the PDC World Championship being reaching the semi-finals at the 2021 edition.
Junkers W 34
The Junkers W 34 was a German-built, single-engine, passenger and transport aircraft. Developed in the 1920s, it was taken into service in 1926. The passenger version could take a pilot and five passengers.

The aircraft was developed from the Junkers W 33, noted for being a record-breaking aircraft. Further development led to the Junkers Ju 46, a catapult-launched seaplane for naval use.

Finnish Air Force
The Finnish Air Force (FAF or FiAF; Finnish: Ilmavoimat, lit. 'Air forces' [ˈilmɑˌʋoi̯mɑt]; Swedish: Flygvapnet, lit. 'Air arm') is the aerial warfare branch of the Finnish Defence Forces. Its primary peacetime tasks include airspace surveillance, identification and interception missions, and maintaining operational readiness for wartime operations. The Finnish Air Force was founded on 6 March 1918.
Chiara Mio
Chiara Mio (born 1964) is an Italian business executive, accounting and sustainability researcher. She is a full professor at the Department of Management at Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Italy. As a chairwoman of Crédit Agricole FriulAdria (Crédit Agricole Italia Bank Group), Mio became the first woman in Italy to lead a commercial bank.

FriulAdria
Crédit Agricole FriulAdria S.p.A. formerly known as Banca Popolare FriulAdria S.p.A., or known as FriulAdria in short (abb. of Friuli and Adriatic Sea), is an Italian bank, which is part of Crédit Agricole Italia, the Italian arm of French banking group Crédit Agricole.

Since 2016, one website was used for the whole Italian banking group.
Campion School, Leamington Spa
Campion School was formed in 1977 when it moved to the present site on Sydenham Drive in Leamington Spa, Warwickshire, England. In 2006, Campion was awarded dual specialisms of Business and Enterprise, and Visual Arts. The school became an academy on 1 January 2012.

Campion School is a mixed 11 to 18 secondary school. Although the school mainly serves South Leamington, it also take pupils from Whitnash, Radford Semele and Bishop's Tachbrook, other areas of Leamington, and the Heathcote area of Warwick. The maximum number of pupils admitted in any one year is 155.

Radford Semele
Radford Semele /ˈrædfərd ˈsɛmɪli/ is a village and civil parish in Warwickshire, England, situated close to the Regency spa town of Leamington Spa. According to the 2001 Census, Radford Semele parish has a population of 2,448, according to 2021 census.  It lies on the A425 route between central Leamington (2 miles to the west) and Southam (5.5 miles to the southeast). It has a 16th-century pub with a priest hole. The local school is the Radford Semele Church of England School. This is a primary school and most senior pupils go to school in either Southam, Leamington Spa or Warwick which are close by. As well as the parish church of St Nicholas the village also has a second church built in 1874, the Radford Semele Baptist Church.
Sydney Coal Railway
The Sydney Coal Railway (reporting mark SCR) is a Canadian short-line railway operating in the eastern part of Cape Breton County, Nova Scotia.

SCR operates from the international coaling piers on Sydney Harbour in Sydney to the Lingan Generating Station, a coal-fired electrical generating station near New Waterford.  The railway's trackage, the piers, and the generating station are owned by Nova Scotia Power, a subsidiary of Emera Inc.

Nova Scotia Power
Nova Scotia Power Inc. is a vertically integrated electric utility in Nova Scotia, Canada. It is privately owned by Emera and regulated by the provincial government via the Nova Scotia Utility and Review Board (NSUARB). Nova Scotia Power provides electricity to 520,000 residential, commercial and industrial customers in Nova Scotia.
T. Rowland Hughes
Thomas Rowland Hughes (often referred to as T. Rowland Hughes) (17 April 1903 – 24 October 1949), was a Welsh novelist,  broadcaster, dramatist and poet. He was the son of a quarryman from Llanberis, Caernarfonshire (Gwynedd today), in north Wales. He is primarily renowned in the present day for his novels about characters living and working in the slate quarries of north Wales, but in his day he was just as well known as a poet and broadcaster. William Jones and Chwalfa are his most famous novels.

Caernarfonshire
Caernarfonshire (/kərˈnɑːrvənʃər/; Welsh: Sir Gaernarfon, Welsh pronunciation: [ˈsir gaɨ̯rˈnarvɔn]), previously spelled Caernarvonshire or Carnarvonshire, was one of the thirteen counties of Wales that existed from 1536 until their abolition in 1974. It was located in the north-west of Wales.
Nikola Girke
Nikola Girke (born December 30, 1977, in Grande Prairie, Alberta) is a Canadian sailor and a five-time Olympian. She is amongst only a few elite athletes who have made the transition from one sport to another and has achieved a top 10 in the world across three different sport disciplines. She finished 13th at the 2004 Summer Olympics in the 470, then switched to RSX windsurfing and placed 17th at the 2008 Summer Olympics. At the 2012 Summer Olympics she finished 10th in the RS:X. Girke was named to Canada's 2016 Olympic team to compete in the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, as part of the Nacra 17 with Luke Ramsay. The duo placed 15th. Girke also competed in windsurfing at both the 2011 Pan American Games and the 2015 Pan American Games placing 4th and 6th respectively. Nikola holds a degree from UBC in Human Kinetics and is a Certified Executive and Emotional Intelligence coach.

She represented Canada for the fifth time at the 2020 Summer Olympics.

Grande Prairie
Grande Prairie is a city in northwestern Alberta, Canada, within the southern portion of an area known as Peace River Country. It is located at the intersection of Highway 43 (part of the CANAMEX Corridor) and Highway 40 (the Bighorn Highway), approximately 456 kilometres (283 mi) northwest of the provincial capital, Edmonton. The city is surrounded by the County of Grande Prairie No. 1.

Grande Prairie was the seventh-largest city in Alberta in 2016, with a population of 63,166, and was one of Canada's fastest growing cities between 2001 and 2006, and Canada's northernmost city with more than 50,000 people.

The city has adopted the trumpeter swan as its official symbol due to its proximity to the bird's migration route and its summer nesting grounds. For that reason, Grande Prairie is sometimes nicknamed the Swan City. The dinosaur has also emerged as an unofficial symbol of the city due to paleontological discoveries in the areas north and west of Grande Prairie.
John Coysh
John Coysh was an English stage actor of the seventeenth century. He was a member of the King's Company, based at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane.

He first headed a nursery of young actors at Hatton Garden, including the future star Sarah Cooke. He also led a travelling troupe of actors to provincial theatres around Britain. The playwright Elkanah Settle helped produced drolls for the group to perform. From 1671 he was an established performer at Drury Lane. However his career on the London stage appears to have ended with the creation of the merged United Company in 1682.

King's Company
The King's Company was one of two enterprises granted the rights to mount theatrical productions in London, after the London theatre closure had been lifted at the start of the English Restoration. It existed from 1660 to 1682, when it merged with the Duke's Company to form the United Company.
Marie Wimer
Marie Wimer (February 11, 1876—February 9, 1965) was an American tennis player at the start of the 20th century.

Notably, in 1907, she won the women's doubles at the US Women's National Championship with Carrie Neely.

At the Cincinnati Open she:

reached the singles semifinals in 1903 and the singles quarterfinals in 1904.

paired with Myrtle McAteer to win the 1904 doubles title (defeating Winona Closterman and Carrie Neely in the final) and reach the 1903 doubles final (where they fell to Closterman and Neely)

Cincinnati Open
The Cincinnati Open is an annual professional tennis event held in Cincinnati, United States. It is played on outdoor hard courts at the Lindner Family Tennis Center in Mason, Ohio, and is held in August. The event started on September 18, 1899, and is the oldest tennis tournament in the United States still played in (or near) its original city. It also is the third largest tennis event in the United States, after the US Open and the Indian Wells Open. It is one of the ATP Masters 1000 tournaments on the ATP Tour, and one of the WTA 1000 tournaments on the WTA Tour.
Ireland's Fittest Family
Ireland's Fittest Family is an Irish TV series where families from across Ireland compete in different adventure races and fitness competitions in an effort to win 15,000 euro.

Since 2014 there have been eleven seasons of the programme and five celebrity specials.

Wexford
Wexford (Irish: Loch Garman [ˌl̪ˠɔx ˈɡaɾˠəmˠən̪ˠ]; archaic Yola: Weiseforthe) is the county town of County Wexford, Ireland. Wexford lies on the south side of Wexford Harbour, the estuary of the River Slaney near the southeastern corner of the island of Ireland. The town is linked to Dublin by the M11/N11 National Primary Route; and to Rosslare Europort, Cork and Waterford by the N25. The national rail network connects it to Dublin and Rosslare Europort.  It had a population of 21,524 according to the 2022 census.
Suurrahu
Suurrahu (also known as Haeskarahu and Suurerahu; Swedish: Näckman; German: Neckmans-Grund) is a 0.1248 ha (0.308 acres) uninhabited Estonian islet in Matsalu Bay (part of the Väinameri Sea), on the territory of the Matsalu National Park. Administratively Suurrahu belongs to the Haeska village in Haapsalu municipality, Lääne County.

The islet is covered by coastal meadow and the coastline by reed bed.

Matsalu Bay
Matsalu Bay (Estonian: Matsalu laht) is a bay in Lääne County, Estonia; the bay is part of Väinameri.

The bay's area is 67 km2.

The bay and its coast area is under protection (Matsalu National Park).

The bay is one of the most important wetland bird areas in Europe, due to its prime position on the East Atlantic Flyway. Large numbers of migratory birds use Matsalu as a staging area. Every spring over two million waterfowl pass Matsalu, of which around 1.6 million are long-tailed ducks.

58°45′36″N 23°35′49″E﻿ / ﻿58.76°N 23.5969°E﻿ / 58.76; 23.5969
Your Name Poisons My Dreams
Your Name Poisons My Dreams (Spanish: Tu nombre envenena mis sueños)  is a 1996 Spanish thriller film directed and co-written by Pilar Miró consisting of an adaptation of the novel Tu nombre envenena mis sueños by Joaquín Leguina. It stars Carmelo Gómez and Emma Suárez alongside Ángel de Andrés, Anabel Alonso and Toni Cantó.

Anabel Alonso
Ana Isabel Alonso Gómez (born 11 November 1964), better known as Anabel Alonso, is a Spanish actress and comedian who has appeared in theatre plays, movies and television shows, including the popular sitcom 7 Vidas and the animated film Finding Nemo (as the voice of Dory). She also hosted several different television programs.
Erik Ringsson
Erik Ringsson was a Swedish king and the son of Ring, according to the German ecclesiastic chronicler Adam of Bremen. He is said to have ruled together with his father and his brother Emund in about 936, and later presumably reigned in his own name.

Swedes (tribe)
The Swedes (Swedish: svear; Old Norse: svíar, Old English: Swēon) were a North Germanic tribe who inhabited Svealand ("land of the Swedes") in central Sweden. Along with Geats and Gutes, they were one of the progenitor groups of modern Swedes.

The Roman historian Tacitus was the first to write about the tribe in his Germania from AD 98, referring to them as the Suiones. Locally, they are possibly first mentioned by the Kylver Stone in the 4th century. Jordanes, in the 6th century, mentions Suehans and Suetidi. These names likely derive from the Proto-Indo-European root *s(w)e, meaning "one's own". Beowulf mentions the Swedes around 1000 A.D.

According to early sources such as the sagas, especially Heimskringla, the Swedes were a powerful tribe whose kings claimed descendence from the god Freyr. During the Viking Age they constituted the basis of the Varangian subset, the Norsemen that travelled eastwards (see Rus' people).
Freedom Fight (film)
Freedom Fight is a 2022 Indian Malayalam-language anthology film directed by a team of directors including Jeo Baby, Kunjila Mascillamani, Jithin Issac Thomas, Akhil Anilkumar, Francies Louis. The cast includes Rajisha Vijayan, Joju George, Rohini, Sidhartha Siva, and Srindaa. The film was released on OTT, streamed through SonyLIV from 11 February 2022.

Rajisha Vijayan
Rajisha Vijayan is an Indian actresses, who primarily works in Malayalam and Tamil films. Rajisha is best known for Anuraga Karikkin Vellam, June, Karnan and Jai Bhim. She is a recipient of the Kerala State Film Award for Best Actress.
USS Manatee (AO-58)
The USS Manatee (AO-58)—the second vessel of the United States Navy to bear the name—was a Cimarron-class fleet replenishment oiler named for a river in Florida.  Cimarron-class oilers were named after American rivers in the Southern United States.

Manatee was laid down 28 August 1943 by the Bethlehem Sparrows Point Shipyard, Inc. of Sparrows Point, Maryland, as a Maritime Commission type (T3-S2-A3) tanker hull with a cargo capacity of 146,000 barrels, under Maritime Commission contract (MC hull 724); launched 18 February 1944; sponsored by Mrs. Paul V. McNutt; and commissioned 6 April 1944.

Replenishment oiler
A replenishment oiler or replenishment tanker is a naval auxiliary ship with fuel tanks and dry cargo holds which can supply both fuel and dry stores during underway replenishment (UNREP) at sea. Many countries have used replenishment oilers.

The United States Navy's hull classification symbol for this type of ship was 'AOR' (Auxiliary Oil Replenishment). Replenishment oilers are slower and carry fewer dry stores than the US Navy's modern fast combat support ships, which carry the classification 'AOE'. In 2020 the US Navy began to develop a new type of ship, the 'AOL' or light replenishment oiler; construction of the first is planned for 2026.
Jejelava
Jejelava, sometimes Dzhedzhelava (Georgian: ჯეჯელავა) is a Georgian-language surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Aleksandre Jejelava (born 1973), Minister of Education and Science of Georgia from June 2016 to June 2018

Gaioz Jejelava (1914-2005), Soviet and Georgian footballer

Spartak Jejelava (1923–1975), Soviet and Georgian footballer

Gaioz Jejelava
Gaioz Jejelava (Georgian: გაიოზ ჯეჯელავა) (born 29 December 1914 in Tbilisi; died 16 March 2005 in Tbilisi) was a Soviet and Georgian football player.

Jejelava, a skillful winger, was one of the leaders of Dinamo Tbilisi alongside Boris Paichadze during 11 years spell with the club.

Later Jejelava managed VVS Moscow and Dinamo Tbilisi, but without any success, spending two seasons with each of the clubs.

Jejelava died in March 2005, in Tbilisi.
Treitschke
Treitschke (ennobled: von Treitschke) is a German surname, most famously borne by a family from Saxony. Notable people with the surname include:

Curt Erwin Franz Gustav Treitschkede: (1872–1946), military officer and cartographer

Eduard Heinrich von Treitschkede: (1796–1867), military officer

Georg Carl Treitschkede: (1783–1855), jurist and author

Georg Friedrich Treitschke (1776–1842), artist and scientist

Heinrich Gotthard von Treitschke (1834–1896), German historian and nationalist

Heinrich Leo von Treitschkede: (1840–1927), military officer

Heinrich von Treitschke
Heinrich Gotthard von Treitschke (German: [ˈhaɪnʁɪç fɔn ˈtʁaɪt͡ʃkə]; 15 September 1834 – 28 April 1896) was a German historian, political writer and National Liberal member of the Reichstag during the time of the German Empire.

He was an extreme nationalist, who favored German colonialism and opposed the British Empire. He also opposed Catholics, Poles, Jews and socialists inside Germany. According to Hans Kohn, Treitschke's "prominent position as a national scholar and popular prophet gave to anti-Semitism in Germany a recognized standing."
Red Edwards
Eugene Hoffman "Red" Edwards (March 15, 1904 – December 22, 1981) was an American college football player and coach.

After graduating from Weston High School in Weston, West Virginia, Edwards played quarterback for Knute Rockne at the University of Notre Dame. As a two-year starter, he led the team to a record of 7–2–1 in 1925, and 9–1 as a captain in 1926.

Edwards served as an assistant football coached at Saint Vincent College in Latrobe, Pennsylvania for three season under Clem Crowe before succeeding him as head football coach in 1926. Edwards was later offered the head coaching position for the Pittsburgh Steelers by owner Art Rooney, but he declined. In 1956, he and his wife Sarah (née Brewster) returned to his home town of Weston to accept a position with Citizens Bank, where he eventually became chairman of the board of directors in 1968.

Edwards was inducted into the West Virginia Sports Hall of Fame in 1970. He died on December 22, 1981, in Weston.

Weston, West Virginia
Weston is a city in and the county seat of Lewis County, West Virginia, United States. The population was 3,943 at the 2020 census. It is home to the Museum of American Glass in West Virginia and the Trans-Allegheny Lunatic Asylum.