hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kashgar River
The Kashgar River (also spelled Kaxgar; known in its upper course as the Kizilsu; Uyghur: قەشقەر دەرياسى, romanized: Qeshqer deryasi;  simplified Chinese: 喀什噶尔河; traditional Chinese: 喀什噶爾河) is a river in the Xinjiang region of the People’s Republic of China.

It rises on the eastern slopes of the Pamir Mountains, near the Alay Valley close to the border with Kyrgyzstan. From there, the river flows generally eastward, passing through the ErkeshtamPass and the city of Kashgar, after which it continues into the northwestern margins of the Taklamakan Desert. The Kashgar River ultimately joins the Yarkand River. Among its tributaries is the Ma'erkansu River.

Uyghur Latin alphabet
The Uyghur Latin alphabet (Uyghur: ئۇيغۇر لاتىن يېزىقى, romanized: Uyghur Latin Yëziqi, ULY) is an auxiliary alphabet for the Uyghur language based on the Latin script. Uyghur is primarily written in Uyghur Arabic alphabet and sometimes in Uyghur Cyrillic alphabet.

In 2023, the alphabet was agreed as the BGN/PCGN romanization system for Uyghur.
Wakefield Press (Australia)
Wakefield Press is an independent publishing company based in the Adelaide suburb of Mile End, South Australia. They publish around 40 titles a year in many genres and on many topics, with a special focus on South Australian stories.

Originally founded in 1942, the publisher celebrated its 30th anniversary under its current management and name in 2019.

Mile End, South Australia
Mile End is an inner western suburb of Adelaide, located in the City of West Torrens, around 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) from the Adelaide city centre. It has a census area population of 4,413 people (2011). Much of the suburb is residential, but there are small commercial areas along Henley Beach Road and South Road.
Iosif Begun
Iosif Ziselovich Begun, sometimes spelled Yosef (born 9 July 1932, Russian: Иосиф Зиселевич Бегун, Hebrew: יוסף ביגון) is a former Soviet refusenik, prisoner of conscience, human rights activist, author and translator.  
Over the course of 17 years, Begun was imprisoned three times and spent over eight years in prisons and labor camps as a political prisoner. He was pardoned and freed in 1987 after political pressure from Jewish political organizations and the U.S. Government.

Prisoner of conscience
A prisoner of conscience (POC) is anyone imprisoned because of their race, sexual orientation, religion, or political views. The term also refers to those who have been imprisoned or persecuted for the nonviolent expression of their conscientiously held beliefs.

Most often associated with the human rights organisation Amnesty International, the term was coined by that organisation's founder Peter Benenson in a 28 May 1961 article ("The Forgotten Prisoners") for London newspaper The Observer.
Alaifatu Junior Fatialofa
Alaifatu Junior Fatialofa (born 16 December 1980) was born in Wellington, New Zealand

He is a rugby union and played for Wellington Lions in the Air New Zealand NPC

Fatialofa played for Exeter Chiefs from 2004 to 2008 and signed for Bristol Rugby for 2008-2009 Guinness Premiership.

Wellington (National Provincial Championship)
Wellington (often known as the Wellington Lions) are a New Zealand professional rugby union team based in Wellington, New Zealand. The union was originally established in 1879, with the National Provincial Championship established in 1976. They now play in the reformed National Provincial Championship competition. They play their home games at Sky Stadium in Wellington. The team is affiliated with the Hurricanes Super Rugby franchise. Their home playing colours are black and gold.
Autry-Issards
Autry-Issards (French pronunciation: [otʁi isaʁ]) is a commune in the Allier department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of central France.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Issardiens or Issardiennes.

Aureola
An aureola or aureole (diminutive of Latin aurea 'golden') is the radiance of luminous cloud which, in paintings of sacred personages, surrounds the whole figure.

In Romance languages, the noun Aureola is usually more related to the disc of light surrounding the head of sacred figures, which in English is called halo or nimbus. In Indian religions, the back or head halo is called prabhāmaṇḍala or prabhavali.
Francesco d'Angelo
Francesco d'Angelo (1446–1488), also known as Il Cecca, was a sculptor and engineer in Florence, Italy. He is best known for his sculptures―often mechanical―carried in religious processions, theatrical machinery, and military devices. He was killed in battle in 1488 while accompanying the Florentine army and was buried in Florence at the Church of San Pier Scheraggio (later absorbed into the Uffizi Gallery).

Uffizi
The Uffizi Gallery (UK: /juːˈfɪtsi, ʊˈfiːtsi/ yoo-FIT-see, uu-FEET-see; Italian: Galleria degli Uffizi, pronounced [ɡalleˈriːa deʎʎ ufˈfittsi]) is a prominent art museum adjacent to the Piazza della Signoria in the Historic Centre of Florence in the region of Tuscany, Italy. One of the most important Italian museums and the most visited, it is also one of the largest and best-known in the world and holds a collection of priceless works, particularly from the period of the Italian Renaissance.

After the ruling House of Medici died out, their art collections were given to the city of Florence under the famous Patto di famiglia ("family pact") negotiated by Anna Maria Luisa, the last Medici heiress. The Uffizi is one of the first modern museums. The gallery had been open to visitors by request since the sixteenth century, and in 1769 it was officially opened to the public, formally becoming a museum in 1865.
Nowy Suchoros
Nowy Suchoros [ˈnɔvɨ suˈxɔrɔs] (German: Neu Suchoroß, 1938-45: Auerswalde) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Rozogi, within Szczytno County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

Szczytno County
Szczytno County (Polish: powiat szczycieński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Szczytno, which lies 45 kilometres (28 mi) south-east of the regional capital Olsztyn. The only other town in the county is Pasym, lying 18 km (11 mi) north-west of Szczytno.

The county covers an area of 1,933.1 square kilometres (746.4 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 69,289, out of which the population of Szczytno is 25,680, that of Pasym is 2,550, and the rural population is 41,059.
Lehr v. Robertson
Lehr v. Robertson, 463 U.S. 248 (1983), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the court held that the mere existence of a biological link between an unwed father and a child does not merit protection under the Due Process Clause regarding adoption; the unwed father must earn rights under that clause by coming forward and contributing to the child's development.

Due Process Clause
A Due Process Clause is found in both the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution, which prohibit the deprivation of "life, liberty, or property" by the federal and state governments, respectively, without due process of law.

The U.S. Supreme Court interprets these clauses to guarantee a variety of protections: procedural due process (in civil and criminal proceedings); substantive due process (a guarantee of some fundamental rights); a prohibition against vague laws; incorporation of the Bill of Rights to state governments; and equal protection under the laws of the federal government.
Mahrail
Mahrail is a village in the Madhubani district in Bihar, India. It is one of the 48 villages in the Andhratharhi Block of the Madhubani district. According to government records, the village has a population of 30,800 and comprises 3,526 households.

Mahrain is situated on the banks of the Kamala River. The village is home to several schools and is traversed by National Highway 57. Jhanjharpur, a nearby town, is 4 kilometres (2.5 miles) from the Mahrain railway station. Both railway and bus services are available for commuting to the village.

The total geographical area of Mahrain is 1,562 hectares (3,860 acres).

The village is renowned for its cricket tournament.

Madhubani district
Madhubani district is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar, India, and is a part of Darbhanga division. Its administrative headquarters are located in Madhubani. The district has an area of 3,501 square kilometres (1,352 sq mi) and has a population of 4,487,379 (as of 2011).

Madhubani is the largest fish-producing district of Bihar in 2022.
Las Banderillas
Las Banderillas or Cerro de las Banderillas, height 1993 m, is the highest mountain in the Sierra de Segura, a mountain range in Southern Spain.

The Sierra del Segura cordillera, along with Sierra de Cazorla, is part of the Pre-baetic System. Both mountain chains are included in the Sierras de Cazorla, Segura y Las Villas Natural Park.

Las Banderillas is often partly covered with snow in the winter. Its western face is a sheer cliff overlooking the Aguamulas River valley and la Campana Brook. Its eastern side, on the other hand, descends less abruptly towards the Pinar Negro and Campos de Hernán Perea plateaus.

This mountain can be explored through various scenic hiking trails. There is a shack on the Las Banderillas mountaintop containing forest-firefighting equipment.

Baetic System
The Baetic System or Betic System (Spanish: Sistema Bético) is one of the main systems of mountain ranges in Spain. Located in the southern and eastern Iberian Peninsula, it is also known as the Cordilleras Béticas (Baetic Mountain Ranges) or Baetic Mountains. The name of the mountain system derives from the ancient Roman region of Baetica, one of the Imperial Roman provinces of ancient Hispania.
USS Arcadia (ID-1605)
USS Arcadia (ID-1605) was a transatlantic liner that was launched in Ireland in 1896 and spent most of her career with Hamburg America Line (HAPAG). She was one of a series of at least five HAPAG sister ships that were built in the United Kingdom in 1896 and 1897.

The US Government seized Arcadia in 1917 and the US Navy used her as a troop ship in 1919. She remained with the United States Shipping Board until 1923, when the California Steamship Company bought her. She was scrapped in Japan in 1927.

United States Shipping Board
The United States Shipping Board (USSB) was a corporation established as an emergency agency by the 1916 Shipping Act (39 Stat. 729), on September 7, 1916. The United States Shipping Board's task was to increase the number of US ships supporting the World War I efforts. The program ended on March 2, 1934.
Juan Joaquín Moreno de Mondragón
Lieutenant-General Juan Joaquín Moreno de Mondragón y D'Hontlier (24 September 1735 – 8 September 1812) was a Spanish Navy officer who served in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. At the time of his death he was captain general of the Department of Cádiz. Mondragón was also a military knight and commander of Lopera of the Order of Calatrava, Grand Cross of the Royal and Most Distinguished Spanish Order of Charles III and Master of Ronda.

Mondragón was a son of Francisco Moreno de Mendoza y Vázquez de Mondragón (field marshal and knight of Santiago) and Catalina D'Hontlier y Berthier de la Motte (who through her mother was heiress of the barony of Berthier in France). Born in Ceuta (where his father was attorney general), he joined the Marine Guards corps in the Company of the Department of Cádiz on 4 March 1751, aged sixteen.

Order of Calatrava
The Order of Calatrava (Spanish: Orden de Calatrava) is one of the four Spanish military orders and the first military order founded in Castile, but the second to receive papal approval. The papal bull confirming the Order of Calatrava was given by Pope Alexander III on September 26, 1164. Most of the political and military power of the order had dissipated by the end of the 15th century, but the last dissolution of the order's property did not occur until 1838.
Order of Merit of the Bavarian Crown
The Order of Merit of the Bavarian Crown (German: Verdienstorden der Bayerischen Krone) was an order of merit of the Kingdom of Bavaria established by King Maximilian Joseph I on 19 March 1808. The motto of the order is "Virtus et Honos"  ('Courage and Honour').

The order was awarded in several grades:

Grand Cross

Grand Commander (grade added in 1855)

Commander

Knight

Medal in Gold

Medal in Silver

Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria
Maximilian I Joseph (German: Maximilian I. Josef; 27 May 1756 – 13 October 1825) was Duke of Zweibrücken from 1795 to 1799, prince-elector of Bavaria (as Maximilian IV Joseph) from 1799 to 1806, then King of Bavaria (as Maximilian I Joseph) from 1806 to 1825. He was a member of the House of Palatinate-Birkenfeld-Zweibrücken, a branch of the House of Wittelsbach.
Conan of Cimmeria
Conan of Cimmeria is a collection of eight fantasy short stories written by Robert E. Howard, L. Sprague de Camp, and Lin Carter and featuring Howard's sword and sorcery hero Conan the Barbarian. Most of the stories were originally published in various fantasy magazines. Lancer Books first published the paperback collection in 1969, and reprinted the book in 1970, 1972, and 1973. After Lancer's bankruptcy, Ace Books took over publication. Ace published its first edition in May 1977 and reprinted it in August 1977, 1979, 1980, 1982 (twice), 1984, 1985, 1990, and 1993. Sphere Books published the first British edition in 1974 and reprinted that edition in 1976 and 1987. The book has also been translated into German, Japanese, Spanish, Dutch, Swedish and Italian. It was gathered together with Conan and Conan the Freebooter into the omnibus collection The Conan Chronicles (Sphere Books, August 1989).

Lancer Books
Lancer Books was a publisher of paperback books founded by Irwin Stein and Walter Zacharius that operated from 1961 through 1973. While it published stories of a number of genres, it was noted most for its science fiction and fantasy, particularly its 12 book series of Robert E. Howard's Conan the Barbarian tales, the first publication of many in paperback format. It published the controversial novel Candy by Terry Southern and Mason Hoffenberg, and Ted Mark's ribald series The Man from O.R.G.Y. Lancer paperbacks had a distinctive appearance, many bearing mauve or green page edging.
Diocese of Barnaul
The Diocese of Barnaul (Russian: Барнаульская епархия) is a diocese (eparchy) of the Russian Orthodox Church, uniting parishes and monasteries in the northeastern part of the Altai Krai (within the borders of the cities of Barnaul and Novoaltaysk, as well as Zalesovsky, Zarinsky, Kosikhinsky, Kytmanovsky, Pervomaisky, Talmensky and Togulsky District districts). It is part of the Altai Metropolitanate.

Barnaul
Barnaul (Russian: Барнау́л, IPA: [bərnɐˈul] ⓘ) is the largest city and administrative centre of Altai Krai, Russia, located at the confluence of the Barnaulka and Ob rivers in the West Siberian Plain. As of the 2021 census, its population was 630,877, making it the 20th-largest city in Russia and the fourth-largest in the Siberian Federal District.

Located in the south of western Siberia on the left bank of the Ob River, Barnaul is a major transport, industrial, cultural, medical and educational hub of Siberia. Barnaul was founded by the wealthy Demidov family, who intended to develop the production of copper and silver, which continued after the factories were taken over by the Crown. Barnaul became a major centre of silver production in Russia. Barnaul was granted city status in 1771.
Álvaro Martínez (politician)
Álvaro Martínez (born 13 November 1986) is an Argentine politician who is a member of the Chamber of Deputies of Argentina elected in Mendoza Province. He is the president of the Mendoza chapter of the Republican Proposal (PRO) party.

Republican Proposal
Republican Proposal (Spanish: Propuesta Republicana), usually referred to by its abbreviation PRO, is a political party in Argentina. PRO was formed as an electoral alliance in 2005, but was transformed into a national party in 2010. It is led by former Argentine president Mauricio Macri, who has been the party's president since May 2024.

PRO has governed the city of Buenos Aires since 2007 and formed Cambiemos with the Radical Civic Union and the Civic Coalition ARI with which they won the 2015 general election.

Macri re-opened Argentina to international markets by lifting currency controls, restructuring sovereign debt, and pressing free-market solutions.
San Pancrazio Salentino railway station
San Pancrazio Salentino is a railway station in San Pancrazio Salentino, Italy. The station is located on the Martina Franca-Lecce railway. The train services and the railway infrastructure are operated by Ferrovie del Sud Est.

Ferrovie del Sud Est
Ferrovie del Sud Est (FSE) is a railway company in Apulia region, Italy. The company operates in the comuni south of Lecce and in the provinces of Bari, Brindisi and Taranto. The company also operates bus lines. In August 2016 its network was taken over by Ferrovie dello stato due to financial problems at the company. The company is now wholly owned by the Italian Transport Ministry.
Karaca Pasha
Karaca Pasha (Karadja Pasha) was the Beylerbey of Rumelia during Mehmed the Conqueror's reign and played a role in the Ottoman conquest of Constantinople. According to the common view, he was given the epithet “Dayı” because he was the maternal uncle of Şehzade Alaeddin, the son of Murad II. He made a reputation for himself in the Battle of Varna during the reign of Murad II. He died during the siege of Belgrade in 1456. Karacabey District in Bursa is named after him.

Battle of Varna
The Battle of Varna took place on 10 November 1444 near Varna in what is today eastern Bulgaria. The Ottoman army under Sultan Murad II (who did not actually rule the sultanate at the time) defeated the Crusaders commanded by King Władysław III of Poland and Hungary, John Hunyadi (acting as commander of the combined Christian forces) and Mircea II of Wallachia. It was the final battle of the unsuccessful Crusade of Varna, a last-ditch effort to prevent further Ottoman expansion into the Balkans.
Richard Marable
Richard Marable (March 23, 1949 – February 28, 2025) was an American politician who served in the Georgia State Senate from the 52nd district from 1991 to 2003. He died on February 28, 2025, at the age of 75.

Georgia State Senate
The Georgia State Senate is the upper house of the Georgia General Assembly, in the U.S. state of Georgia. The Georgia State Senate and the lower house of the General Assembly, the Georgia House of Representatives, comprise the bicameral legislature of the state. Combined, the Senate and the House maintain authority under Article III. of the 1983 Constitution of Georgia to enact laws "necessary and proper for the welfare of the state", although state law is subordinate to the state constitution, the United States Constitution, and federal law.

Like most upper houses in the United States, the Senate has the exclusive power to confirm various appointments made by the governor of Georgia, and to try cases of impeachment brought by the House. The Senate is often considered a springboard for those ultimately seeking higher office; all of the state's most recent governors have served in the State Senate.
2019 FIBA U16 African Championship
The 2019 FIBA Africa Under-16 Championship, alternatively the 6th Afrobasket U16, was an international basketball competition held in Praia, Cape Verde from 5–14 July 2019. It served as a qualifier for the 2020 FIBA Under-17 Basketball World Cup in Bulgaria.

Cape Verde Time
Cape Verde Time (CVT) is a time zone used by the Atlantic island nation of Cape Verde. The zone is one hour behind UTC (UTC−01:00).

This time zone applies all the year round. Due to its geographical location, completely west of the meridian 22°30'W (which forms the boundary between UTC−01:00 and UTC−02:00) Cape Verde effectively observes permanent daylight saving, given that the position of the archipelago is totally within the boundaries of UTC−02:00, the time zone observed until 1975.
The Ice Dream with Roy and HG
The Ice Dream with Roy and HG was a sports/comedy talk show, broadcast every night during 2002 Winter Olympics, presented by Australian comedy duo Roy and HG.

Targets of humour during the coverage of the 2002 Winter Olympics included figure skating, curling, Monaco's bobsleigh team (especially Albert II, Prince of Monaco). They promoted the Smiggin Holes 2010 Winter Olympic bid, even presenting it to IOC president Jacques Rogge, who described it as "very impressive". According to The Ice Dream, during the 1952 Olympics, Cedric Sloane skewered a seagull during a cross-country skiing event, putting a curse on the Australian team that could only be lifted when Australia won a gold medal (achieved by Steven Bradbury).

Australia at the 1952 Winter Olympics
Australia sent a delegation to compete at the 1952 Winter Olympics from 14 to 25 February 1952 in Oslo, Norway. This was the nation's second appearance at the Winter Olympic Games with their first being in 1936.

The Australian delegation consisted of nine competitors in four sports. This included the nation's debut in alpine skiing, cross-country skiing, and figure skating, and their second appearance in speed skating. Australia's best result from the 1952 Games was a tenth-place finish in men's singles figure skating. Nancy Hallam and Gweneth Molony became Australia's first women athletes at the Winter Olympics as they competed in the ladies' singles figure skating; they finished 14th and 21st respectively.
Ministry of Labour (Austria)
The Ministry of Labour and Economy is a ministry of the Government of Austria. From January 2020 to January 2021, the ministry was officially called the Federal Ministry of Labour, Family and Youth (Bundesministerium für Arbeit, Familie und Jugend). The current Minister of Labour is Martin Kocher, who has served in the role in the Second Kurz government and the Schallenberg government since January 2020.

Schallenberg government
The Schallenberg government (German: Bundesregierung Schallenberg) was sworn in as the 34th Government of Austria on 11 October 2021.

When Sebastian Kurz announced his resignation on 9 October 2021, the Austrian People's Party proposed to continue the coalition with The Greens with Alexander Schallenberg as chancellor. The Schallenberg government was sworn in by the president Alexander Van der Bellen on 11 October 2021.
Krasnohvardiiske Raion
Krasnohvardiiske Raion (Russian: Красногвардейский район), known by Ukrainian authorities as Kurman Raion (Ukrainian: Курманський район, Crimean Tatar: Къурман районы, romanized: Qurman rayonı) is one of the 25 regions of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, a territory recognised by a majority of countries as part of Ukraine and annexed by Russia. The administrative centre of the raion is the urban-type settlement of Krasnohvardiiske. Krasnohvardiiske Raion is located in the central part of Crimea. Population: 83,135 (2014 Census).

2014 Crimean Federal District census
The Crimean Federal District census  (Russian: Перепись населения в Крымском федеральном округе), transliterated as Perepis naseleniya v Krymskom federalnom okruge, was carried out in Crimea by Russia in 2014, following its annexation by Russia. The census found the total population to be 2,284,769 inhabitants.