hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alabama and Florida Railroad
Alabama and Florida Railroad and Alabama and Florida Railway have been the name of several railroads in the United States:

Alabama and Florida Railroad (1853–1869), a predecessor to the Louisville and Nashville Railroad which built a line from Pensacola, Florida to Montgomery, Alabama

Alabama and Florida Railroad (1898–1900), a predecessor to the Louisville and Nashville Railroad which built a line from Georgiana, Alabama to River Falls, Alabama

Alabama and Florida Railroad (1937–1941), successor to the Alabama, Florida and Gulf Railroad

Alabama and Florida Railroad (1986–1992), a short-line railroad which operated the Georgiana line 1986–1992

Alabama and Florida Railway, a short-line railroad which operated the Georgiana line 1992–2011

Alabama and Florida Railroad (1986–1992)
The Alabama and Florida Railroad (reporting mark AFLR) was a short-line railroad which operated in Alabama and Florida. The company operated a former Louisville and Nashville Railroad (L&N) line between Georgiana, Alabama and Geneva, Alabama. Pioneer Railcorp acquired the line in 1992 and created a new company, the Alabama and Florida Railway, to operate it.
Verkhovazhye
Verkhovazhye (Russian: Верхова́жье) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Verkhovazhsky District of Vologda Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Vaga River. It also serves as the administrative center of Verkhovazhsky Selsoviet, one of the fourteen selsoviets into which the district is administratively divided. Municipally, it is the administrative center of Verkhovazhskoye Rural Settlement. Population:  5,025 (2010 Census); 5,206 (2002 Census); 4,684 (1989 Soviet census).

Vologda Oblast
Vologda Oblast (Russian: Вологодская область, romanized: Vologodskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [vəlɐˈɡotskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]; Veps: Vologdan agj) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is Vologda. The oblast has a population of 1,202,444 (2010 Census). The largest city is Cherepovets, the home of the Severstal metallurgical plant, the largest industrial enterprise in the oblast.

Vologda Oblast is home to many historic monuments, such as the Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery, Ferapontov Monastery (a World Heritage Site) with the frescoes of Dionisius, the two medieval towns of Velikiy Ustyug and Belozersk, and the baroque churches of Totma and Ustyuzhna.

Large reserves of wood and fresh water are the main natural resources.
Marco Foschi
Marco Foschi (born 1 April 1977) is an Italian actor and voice actor. He played in the 2012 film King of the Sands directed by Najdat Anzour and in the 2012 American-Italian television movie Barabbas, as Jesus.

Najdat Anzour
Najdat Ismail Anzour (Arabic: نجدت إسماعيل أنزور; born 26 November 1954) is a Syrian television and film director and politician. He served as Deputy Speaker of the People's Assembly from 2016 to 2020 and was an independent member of the Assembly from 2016 until 2024.
Mt Stuart Wind Farm
The Mt Stuart Wind Farm is a wind farm in New Zealand constructed by Pioneer Generation. It is located close to the settlements of Manuka Creek and Mount Stuart, 15 kilometres west of Milton in the Otago region of the South Island. It stands at an altitude of 434 metres (1,424 ft) atop the promontory which gives it its name.

Resource consents were granted in February 2010.  Construction began in April 2011
and the nine turbine wind farm was commissioned in June 2012.

Milton, New Zealand
Milton, formerly known as Tokomairiro or Tokomairaro, is a town of over 2,000 people, located on State Highway 1, 50 kilometres to the south of Dunedin in Otago, New Zealand. It lies on the floodplain of the Tokomairaro River (until 2016 called the Tokomairiro), one branch of which loops past the north and south ends of the town. This river gives its name to many local features, notably the town's only secondary school, Tokomairiro High School.

Founded as a milling town in the 1850s, there has long been dispute as to the naming of the settlement. The town's streets are named for prominent British poets, and it is possible that the town's original intended name of Milltown became shortened by association with the poet of the same name. It is equally possible, however, that the name Milton inspired the choice of poets' names for the streets.
USS Reuben James
Three ships of the United States Navy have borne the name USS Reuben James.  Reuben James was a boatswain's mate who distinguished himself fighting the Barbary pirates.

The first USS Reuben James (DD-245), a four-stack Clemson-class destroyer, was the first US Navy ship sunk by hostile action in the European Theatre in World War II.

The second USS Reuben James (DE-153), a Buckley-class destroyer escort, escorted convoys during World War II.

The third USS Reuben James (FFG-57) was an Oliver Hazard Perry-class guided missile frigate.

USS Reuben James (DD-245)
USS Reuben James (DD-245) was a four-funnel Clemson-class destroyer that was constructed after World War I. She was the first United States Navy ship to be named after Boatswain's Mate Reuben James (c. 1776–1838), who had distinguished himself fighting in the First Barbary War, and was the first US navy ship to be sunk by hostile action in the European Theater of World War II. Four US flagged merchant ships were also sunk by hostile action before the attack on Pearl Harbor.

Reuben James was laid down on 2 April 1919 by the New York Shipbuilding Corporation of Camden, New Jersey, launched on 4 October 1919, and commissioned on 24 September 1920. The destroyer was sunk by a torpedo attack from German submarine U-552 near Iceland on 31 October 1941, resulting in the deaths of 100 crewmembers, before the United States had officially joined the war.
Dudley Building Society
The Dudley Building Society is a UK building society, which has its head office in Brierley Hill, West Midlands. It is a member of the Building Societies Association. The society was established in 1858. It opened a pop-up bank in Shifnal in September 2025.

Brierley Hill
Brierley Hill is a town and electoral ward in the Metropolitan Borough of Dudley, West Midlands (originally in Staffordshire), England. It is located 3 miles (4.8 km) south of Dudley and 1 mile (1.6 km) north of Stourbridge. Part of the Black Country and in a heavily industrialised area, it had a population of 13,935 at the 2011 census. It is best known for glass and steel manufacturing, although the industry has declined considerably since the 1970s. One of the largest factories in the area was the Round Oak Steelworks, which closed down and was redeveloped in the 1980s to become the Merry Hill Shopping Centre. Since 2008, Brierley Hill has been designated as the Strategic Town Centre of the Dudley Borough.
Lazarevsky city district
Lazarevsky city district (Russian: Лазаревский райо́н) is one of four city districts of the city of Sochi in Krasnodar Krai, Russia. The city district borders Tuapsinsky District in the northwest, Apsheronsky District in the north, Maykopsky District of the Republic of Adygea in the northeast, Khostinsky city district in the east, and Tsentralny city district in the south. The administration of the district is located in Lazarevskoye Microdistrict. In the southwest, it is bordered by the Black Sea. Population:  63,894 (2010 Census); 63,239 (2002 Census); 64,006 (1989 Soviet census).

Adygea
Adygea (/ˌɑːdɪˈɡeɪə/ AH-dig-AY-ə), officially the Republic of Adygea or the Adygean Republic, is a republic of Russia. It is situated in the North Caucasus of Eastern Europe. The republic is a part of the Southern Federal District, and covers an area of 7,600 square kilometers (2,900 sq mi), with a population of roughly 500,731 residents  as at 2025. It is an enclave within Krasnodar Krai and is the fifth-smallest Russian federal subject by area. Maykop is the capital and the largest city of Adygea, home to one-third of the republic's population.

Adygea is one of Russia's ethnic republics, primarily representing the indigenous Circassian people who form 25% of the Republic's population, while Russians form a majority at 60%, and with minority populations of Armenians and Ukrainians. The official languages of Adygea are Adyghe and Russian.
Geoffrey Evans (priest)
Geoffrey Bainbridge Evans (1934–2015) was Archdeacon of the Aegean from 1978 to 1994.

Evans was educated at St. Michael's College, Llandaff; and ordained in 1959. After a curacy in Llandaff and Armley  he served in Guyana, İzmir, Bornova and Ankara.

He died on 4 April 2015.

Bornova
Bornova is a municipality and district of İzmir Province, Turkey. Its area is 220 km2, and its population is 454,470 (2022). It is the third largest district in İzmir's metropolitan area and is almost fully urbanized at the rate of 98.6 percent, with correspondingly high levels of development in terms of industries and services. Bornova's center is situated at a distance of 8 km (5 mi) to the northeast of the traditional center of İzmir (Konak Square in Konak, İzmir) and 5 km (3 mi) from the coastline at the tip of the Gulf of İzmir to the west. Bornova district area is surrounded by the district areas of Yunusemre (Manisa Province) and Menemen to the north, Kemalpaşa to the east, Buca to the south, and Konak and Karşıyaka to the west, where the larger part of İzmir's urban area extends. Bornova is home to Ege University's main campus and associated hospital, one of the largest and foremost medical centers in western Turkey.
Thurner
Thurner is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Helene Thurner (born 1938), Austrian luger

Jan-Kristian Thurner (born 1998), Austrian football player

Stefan Thurner (born 1969), Austrian physicist and complexity researcher

Wilfried Thurner (1927–1981), Austrian bobsledder

Wilfried Thurner
Wilfried Thurner (27 December 1927 – 28 September 1981) was an Austrian bobsledder who competed in the 1950s. Competing in two Winter Olympics, he earned his best finish of seventh in the four-man event at Cortina d'Ampezzo in 1956.
National Standards of the Republic of China
The National Standards of the Republic of China (CNS; Chinese: 中華民國國家標準; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok Kok-ka Piau-chún) is the national standard of Taiwan, officially the Republic of China. These standards were established in 1946, and administered by the Bureau of Standards, Metrology and Inspection ("BSMI") of the Ministry of Economic Affairs of Taiwan. These standards are divided into 26 numbered categories. Applying the National Standards is voluntary unless authorities in charge cite any parts of the standards as laws and regulations. By the end of 2003, more than 15000 national standards have been issued. Although the Republic of China was removed in 1950 from the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) for failure to pay membership dues accordingly, there are still many National Standards translated from ISO standards into Chinese. A few standards also have English versions, but in case of any divergence of interpretation, the Chinese text shall prevail.

Ministry of Economic Affairs (Taiwan)
The Ministry of Economic Affairs (MOEA; Chinese: 經濟部; pinyin: Jīngjìbù; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Keng-chè-pō͘) is the ministry of the Republic of China (Taiwan) responsible for formulating policy and laws for industry and trade, foreign direct investment, energy, minerals, measurement standards, intellectual property, state-owned enterprises. The ministry is a cabinet level government agency of the Executive Yuan.

The executive agency promotes industrial and economic policies which allows economic activity and growth, increased employment and investments in sector which are critical to Taiwan's economy. Taiwan's main exports are electronics, computers, telecommunications equipment, industrial design services, creative and cultural industries.
Jackie De Caluwé
Jackie De Caluwé (6 March 1934 – 20 September 2021) was a footballer who played most of his career for Cercle Brugge.

De Caluwé is the player with the 5th highest all-time appearances for Cercle.

After playing his first ten seasons for Cercle in the Belgian lower leagues, in 1961–62 he made his Belgian Division One debut, and Cercle remained in the top flight for the rest of De Caluwe's career with them.

He ended his career as player-coach with lower division side SV Loppem.

Cercle Brugge K.S.V.
Cercle Brugge Koninklijke Sportvereniging (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈsɛr(ə)klə ˈbrʏɣə ˈkoːnɪŋkləkə ˈspɔrtfəˌreːnəɣɪŋ]) is a Belgian professional football club based in Bruges. They compete in the Belgian Pro League, the top flight of Belgian football. Their matricule number is 12. The club plays home games at the 29,042-seat Jan Breydel Stadium, which they share with fierce rivals Club Brugge. Cercle Brugge won their first national title in 1911, and won two more titles (in 1927 and 1930) before the Second World War. The side also won the Belgian Cup in 1927 and in 1985, and have represented Belgium in European tournaments on several occasions.
Bimodule
In abstract algebra, a bimodule is an abelian group that is both a left and a right module, such that the left and right multiplications are compatible. Besides appearing naturally in many parts of mathematics, bimodules play a clarifying role, in the sense that many of the relationships between left and right modules become simpler when they are expressed in terms of bimodules.

Commutative ring
In mathematics, a commutative ring is a ring in which the multiplication operation is commutative. The study of commutative rings is called commutative algebra. Complementarily, noncommutative algebra is the study of ring properties that are not specific to commutative rings. This distinction results from the high number of fundamental properties of commutative rings that do not extend to noncommutative rings.

Commutative rings appear in the following chain of class inclusions:

rngs ⊃ rings ⊃ commutative rings ⊃  integral domains ⊃ integrally closed domains ⊃ GCD domains ⊃ unique factorization domains ⊃ principal ideal domains ⊃ Euclidean domains ⊃ fields ⊃ algebraically closed fields
Donald Hanson
Donald E. Hanson (April 26, 1926 – June 27, 2012) was an American politician and educator.

Hanson was born in Lyon County, Minnesota, on April 26, 1926. Upon his discharge from the United States Navy, he pursued a bachelor's degree in education at Northwest Missouri State University, completed a master of arts at the University of Wyoming, and obtained a doctorate of education at Western Michigan University. Hanson then became a schoolteacher and administrator. After retiring from teaching, Hanson served three consecutive terms on the Iowa House of Representatives. He was elected as a Republican legislator from District 26 between 1991 and 1993, and held the District 24 seat from 1993 to 1997. Hanson married his wife Jo in 1950, and raised three children.

Hanson died in Cedar Falls, Iowa on June 27, 2012, at the age of 86.

Lyon County, Minnesota
Lyon County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 25,269. Its county seat is Marshall.

Lyon County comprises the Marshall Micropolitan Statistical Area.
German submarine U-806
German submarine U-806 was a Type IXC/40 U-boat built for Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

U-801 was ordered on 10 April 1941 from DeSchiMAG Seebeckwerft in Geestemünde under the yard number 364. Her keel was laid down on 27 April 1943 and the U-boat was launched sometime late in 1943. On 29 April 1944 she was commissioned into service under the command of Kapitänleutnant Klaus Hornbostel (Crew 34) in the 4th U-boat Flotilla.

Bremerhaven
Bremerhaven (German pronunciation: [ˌbʁeːmɐˈhaːfn̩] ⓘ; Low German: Bremerhoben) is a city on the east bank of the Weser estuary in northern Germany. It forms an exclave of the city-state of Bremen. The River Geeste flows through the city before emptying into the Weser.

Bremerhaven was founded in 1827 as a seaport for Bremen, and it remains one of the busiest ports in the country. It was historically rivalled by Geestemünde [de] on the opposite side of the Geeste, which belonged to Hanover (and later Prussia). Geestemünde united with neighbouring Lehe [de] to form the city of Wesermünde [de] in 1924, and Bremerhaven was itself annexed to Wesermünde in 1939, but the entire conurbation was restored to Bremen in 1947.
Mirreyes contra Godínez: Las Vegas
Mirreyes contra Godínez: Las Vegas (lit. 'Mirreyes vs. Godínez: Las Vegas') is a 2025 Mexican comedy film directed by Chava Cartas. It is the third installment of the Mirreyes contra Godínez film saga. Once again, it stars Regina Blandón, Daniel Tovar, Diana Bovio, Michelle Rodríguez and Christian Vázquez accompanied by Alejandro de Marino, Roberto Aguire and Gloria Stalina.

Daniel Tovar
Daniel Tovar (born August 27, 1989) is a Mexican actor. Tovar is mostly known for his roles as Fito in the sitcom Skimo for all its 4 seasons, and as Alejandro in the award-winning film La Zona. However, his career began in 1999 with the miniseries "Camino a Casa".
SAPIR: A Journal of Jewish Conversations
SAPIR: Ideas for a Thriving Jewish Future, also known as the SAPIR Journal, is a quarterly political magazine focused on cultural, political, and social issues related to the Jewish community, with a focus on American Jews. The magazine publishes invited long-form think-pieces on a theme of interest to the Jewish community.

SAPIR is published by Maimonides Fund, and its editor-in-chief is The New York Times columnist Bret Stephens. SAPIR publicly launched in March 2021 and released its first issue in April. SAPIR's launch was amidst a rise, between 2021 and 2023, of magazines across the ideological spectrum related to the Jewish experience, including by left-leaning T'ruah.

Long-form journalism
Long-form journalism is a genre of journalism characterized by in-depth reporting and storytelling that has more substantial content than the average news report. These pieces often explore topics with greater detail, context and narrative techniques, blending factual reporting with literary elements such as character development, scene-setting and dialogue. Because long-form journalism usually employs stylistic and structural elements often used in fiction, it is sometimes referred to as literary journalism or narrative journalism. While traditionally associated with print newspaper articles, the digital revolution expanded the genre's reach to online magazines, newspapers and other digital platforms, which often use a blend of multimedia to create an immersive reader experience.
Rheum
Rheum (/ruːm/; from Greek: ῥεῦμα rheuma 'a flowing, rheum') is a thin mucus naturally discharged from the eyes, nose, or mouth, often during sleep (contrast with mucopurulent discharge). Rheum dries and gathers as a crust in the corners of the eyes or the mouth, on the eyelids, or under the nose. It is formed by a combination of mucus (in the case of the eyes, consisting of mucin discharged from the cornea or the conjunctiva), nasal mucus, blood cells, skin cells, or dust.

Rheum from the eyes is particularly common. Dried rheum near the eyes is commonly called 'sleep', 'sleepy-seeds', 'sleepy buds', 'sleepy sand', 'eye boogers', 'eye goop', 'sleepies', or 'eye gunk'. When the individual is awake, blinking of the eyelid causes rheum to be washed away with tears via the nasolacrimal duct. The absence of this action during sleep, however, results in a small amount of dry rheum accumulating in corners of the eye.

Blood cell
A blood cell (also called a hemocyte or hematocyte) is a cell produced through hematopoiesis and found mainly in the blood. Major types of blood cells include red blood cells (erythrocytes), white blood cells (leukocytes), and platelets (thrombocytes). Together, these three kinds of blood cells add up to a total 45% of the blood tissue by volume, with the remaining 55% of the volume composed of plasma, the liquid component of blood.

Blood cells with differentiation potential are called hematopoietic cells; the ones with the most such potential are hematopoietic stem cells.
Phil Rubenstein
Philip Martin Rubenstein (August 3, 1940 – June 26, 1992) was an American film and television actor. He was known for playing the role of Frank Falzone in the American sitcom television series Working Stiffs.

Born in The Bronx, New York City. Rubenstein guest-starred in numerous television programs including Barney Miller, Taxi, Remington Steele, The Jeffersons, Archie Bunker's Place, ALF, Who's the Boss?, Hill Street Blues and Silver Spoons. He also appeared in films such as The Last American Virgin, Kidco, Mannequin, My Mom's a Werewolf, Tango & Cash, They Call Me Bruce?, RoboCop 2, Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home and Back to School.

Rubenstein died in June 1992 of heart failure in Los Angeles, California, at the age of 51.

They Call Me Bruce?
They Call Me Bruce? (also known as They Call Me Bruce) is a 1982 American action comedy film directed by Elliott Hong, written by David B. Randolph and starring Johnny Yune and Margaux Hemingway. A parody of kung fu movies, it became a sleeper hit.

The film was followed by a sequel, They Still Call Me Bruce (1987), which also starred Johnny Yune.
Marsha Greene
Marsha Greene is a Canadian television writer and producer, most noted as a writer and producer of the 2022 drama series The Porter.

She won the Canadian Screen Award for Best Writing in a Drama Series at the 11th Canadian Screen Awards in 2023, and the 2023 WGC Screenwriting Award for best writing in a drama, for her work on the series.

She was previously a writer for Mary Kills People, for which she received Canadian Screen Award nominations for Best Writing in a Drama at the 6th Canadian Screen Awards in 2018, the 7th Canadian Screen Awards in 2019, and the 8th Canadian Screen Awards in 2020.

At the 13th Canadian Screen Awards in 2025, she was named the recipient of the Changemaker Award.

Mary Kills People
Mary Kills People is a Canadian drama television series starring Caroline Dhavernas. It premiered on Global on January 25, 2017.

On June 5, 2017, the series was renewed for a second season, which was scheduled to premiere on Global's video-on-demand platforms on January 1 before premiering on television on January 3, 2018.

On 4 June 2018 the series was renewed for a third and final season by Global.
Stalisfield
Stalisfield is a village in the borough of Swale in Kent, England, located on a secondary road about 1½ miles (2.4 km) north of Charing and 5 miles south west of Faversham. The parish includes the hamlet of Stalisfield Green.

Stalisfield Green lies high on the North Downs (a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty), some 650 feet above sea level, and close to the escarpment above Charing.

North Downs
The North Downs are a ridge of chalk hills and an area of downland in south-east England, that stretch from Farnham in Surrey to the White Cliffs of Dover in Kent. Much of the North Downs comprises two Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONBs): the Surrey Hills and the Kent Downs. The North Downs Way National Trail runs along the North Downs from Farnham to Dover. They form the northern boundary of the Weald, which is correspondingly bounded to the south by the South Downs.

The highest point in the North Downs is Botley Hill, Surrey (270 metres (890 ft) above sea level). The County Top of Kent is  Betsom's Hill (251 m (823 ft) above sea level), which is less than 1 km from Westerham Heights, Bromley, the highest point in Greater London at an elevation of 245 m (804 ft).