hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Oberflachs
Oberflachs is a former municipality in the district of Brugg in Canton Aargau in Switzerland.  It is located about 6 km south west of the town of Brugg.  On 1 January 2014 the former municipalities of Oberflachs and Schinznach-Dorf merged into the new municipality of Schinznach.

Aargau
Aargau (/ˈɑːrɡaʊ/ AR-gow, Swiss Standard German: [ˈaːrɡaʊ] ⓘ), more formally the Canton of Aargau (German: Kanton Aargau; Romansh: Chantun Argovia; French: Canton d'Argovie; Italian: Canton Argovia), is one of the 26 cantons forming the Swiss Confederation. It is composed of eleven districts and its capital is Aarau.

Aargau is one of the most northerly cantons of Switzerland, by the lower course of the Aare River, which is why it is called Aar-gau ("Aare province"). It is one of the most densely populated regions of Switzerland.
Bohemian earspoon
The Bohemian earspoon (German Böhmischer Ohrlöffel or Knebelspiess, Czech ušatá sudlice) is a polearm featuring a long, broad, socketed spearhead with two out-turned lugs (sharply bent hooks, straight spikes, or triangular guards) at the base of the head, forming a guard similar to that of a boar spear.

Derived ultimately from the early Medieval lugged spear, the earspoon developed in the 14th century. Its use was probably not confined to Central Europe. It was used for both hunting and military purposes.

The source of the name is uncertain in English, perhaps derived from the Czech name, which literally means "eary voulge," probably referring to the two sharp tips.

Lug (knob)
A lug is a typically flattened protuberance, a handle or extrusion located on the side of a ceramics, jug, glass, vase, or other container. They are sometimes found on prehistoric ceramics and stone containers, such as on pots from ancient Egypt, Hembury ware, claw beakers, and boar spears.

A lug may also only be shaped as a lip for suspension–(no hole). In Ancient Egypt, lugs contained a hole for suspension, with 2– or 3–lugged vessels most common.

In Roman times, lugs were on some types of column-sections to aid in construction. After slung by rope into position with a crane, the lugs were then masoned off.

In Japan, Iga ware vases with lugs on each side are called "ears" and are an important feature.

Single suspension lug (knob), vertical hole, of the Gebel el-Arak Knife

Ancient Egyptian lugged and drilled pot of marble stone (3rd millennium BCE)
General Register Office for Scotland
The General Register Office for Scotland (GROS) (Scottish Gaelic: Oifis Choitcheann a' Chlàraidh na h-Alba) was a non-ministerial directorate of the Scottish Government that administered the registration of births, deaths, marriages, divorces and adoptions in Scotland from 1854 to 2011. It was also responsible for the statutes relating to the formalities of marriage and conduct of civil marriage in Scotland.  It administered the census of Scotland's population every ten years. It also kept the Scottish National Health Service Central Register.

On 1 April 2011 it was merged with the National Archives of Scotland to form National Records of Scotland. All the former department's functions continue as part of the new body.

Birth
Birth is the act or process of bearing or bringing forth offspring, also referred to in technical contexts as parturition. In mammals, the process is initiated by hormones which cause the muscular walls of the uterus to contract, expelling the fetus at a developmental stage when it is ready to feed and breathe.

In some species, the offspring is precocial and can move around almost immediately after birth but in others, it is altricial and completely dependent on parenting.

In marsupials, the fetus is born at a very immature stage after a short gestation and develops further in its mother's womb  pouch.

It is not only mammals that give birth. Some reptiles, amphibians, fish and invertebrates carry their developing young inside them. Some of these are ovoviviparous, with the eggs being hatched inside the mother's body, and others are viviparous, with the embryo developing inside their body, as in the case of mammals.
Coppersand Mine
Coppersand Mine is an abandoned copper mine in Temagami, Northeastern Ontario, Canada. It is located near the eastern shore of Ferguson Bay of Lake Temagami. A winter road from Sandy Inlet through Coppersand Lake was created to the mine in 1957. Subsequently, a small road, known as Miner's Road, was constructed off Kokoko Sideroad in 1970 to access the mine. Mining from the late 1950s to 1970s resulted in the creation of a small open pit.

Open-pit mining
Open-pit mining, also known as open-cast or open-cut mining and in larger contexts mega-mining, is a surface mining technique that extracts rock or minerals from the earth.

Open-pit mines are used when deposits of commercially useful ore or rocks are found near the surface where the overburden is relatively thin. In contrast, deeper mineral deposits can be reached using underground mining.

This form of mining carries several risks to the health and safety of miners, and can have a significant negative impact on the environment.
Polyanovo, Haskovo Province
Polyanovo is a village in the municipality of Harmanli, in Haskovo Province, in southern Bulgaria. It is located in the historical region of Eastern Thrace, in the Upper Thracian Plain, near the river Maritsa and the northern foothills of the Sakar mountain range. According to the 2021 census the village has 269 inhabitants; local administrative data from 2024 put the number of residents at around 320.

Sakar (mountain)
Sakar (Bulgarian: Сакар) is a low dome-shaped mountain range in southeastern Bulgaria, whose southeasternmost limits extend to European Turkey. Its highest peak is Vishegrad with an altitude of 856 meters above sea level. It is an important ornithological area and contains 220 bird species. Sakar Peak on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica is named after it.
Egg Rock (Nahant Bay)
Egg Rock (sometimes called Elephant Rock) in Nahant Bay near Nahant, Massachusetts is a small (3-acre; 1.2 ha) island at 42°26′00″N 70°53′52″W﻿ / ﻿42.4333°N 70.8978°W﻿ / 42.4333; -70.8978.  It was formerly the site of a lighthouse known as Egg Rock Light but now is owned by the state of Massachusetts as a bird sanctuary. Egg Rock can be seen clearly from the coasts of Nahant, Swampscott, and Lynn. Egg Rock is the setting for Sylvia Plath's poem "Suicide off Egg Rock", and also appears in her novel, The Bell Jar.

Egg Rock Light (Massachusetts)
Egg Rock Light was first established in 1856 after a schooner went down with the loss of five lives. The original structure was a lantern on top of a stone dwelling built from granite cut on the island. After the wreck of the schooner Shark the characteristic was changed to fixed red because the captain of the Shark was said to have confused it with Long Island Head Light in Boston Harbor.

Following a fire in 1897 it was rebuilt with a square tower attached to the house.  The light was operated at reduced intensity during World War I because of concerns over German submarines. It was automated in 1919 when a gas beacon replaced the oil light.

The structure was sold for $160 with a clause requiring the purchaser to remove it from the island.  While moving the house down to the water, a cable snapped and the house slid into the water. The tower was destroyed in 1927. The island is now a bird sanctuary.
John Gasparini
John "Gino" Gasparini (born 1945) is a former head coach of the University of North Dakota Fighting Sioux hockey men's team and also former president of the United States Hockey League. Gasparini held a position with St. Cloud State University in 2011-2012 as advisor to the President and is currently an independent sports consultant.

University of North Dakota
The University of North Dakota (UND) is a public research university in Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States. It was established by the Dakota Territorial Assembly in 1883, six years before the establishment of the state of North Dakota.

The university has the only schools of law and medicine in the state of North Dakota. The John D. Odegard School of Aerospace Sciences was the first in the country to offer a degree in unmanned aircraft systems operation. Several national research institutions are on the university's campus including the Energy and Environmental Research Center, the School of Medicine and Health Sciences, and the USDA Human Nutrition Research Center. It is classified among "R1: Doctoral universities – very high research activity".
Johannes Märtson
Johannes Märtson (25 August 1868 Lõve Parish (now Tõrva Parish), Kreis Fellin – 9 January 1935 Tõrva) was an Estonian politician. He was a member of I Riigikogu. He was a member of the Riigikogu since 11 February 1921. He replaced Hugo Rahamägi.

Viljandi kreis
Viljandi County (Estonian: Viljandi kreis; German: Kreis Fellin oder Der Fellinsche Kreis, Russian: Феллинскій уѣздъ, romanized: Fellinskiy uyezd) was a historic county in the Governorate of Livonia, and in the Republic of Estonia dissolved during the administrative territorial reform of the Estonian SSR in 1949. It was situated in the northern part of the governorate (in present-day southern Estonia). Its capital was Viljandi (Fellin). The territory of the old Viljandi County corresponds to the most part of the present-day Viljandi County and parts of Järva, Jõgeva and Valga counties.
Adolph Germer
Adoph F. Germer (15 January 1881 – 26 May 1966) was an American socialist political functionary and union organizer. He is best remembered as National Executive Secretary of the Socialist Party of America from 1916 to 1919. It was during this period that the Left Wing Section of the Socialist Party emerged as an organized faction. Germer was instrumental as one of the leaders of the SPA's "Regular" faction in orchestrating a series of suspensions, expulsions, and "reorganizations" of various Left Wing states, branches, and locals and thereby controlling the pivotal 1919 Emergency National Convention of the SPA, and thus forcing the Left Wing to establish new organizations of their own, the Communist Labor Party of America and the Communist Party of America.

Union organizer
A union organizer (or union organiser in Commonwealth spelling) is a specific type of trade union member (often elected) or an appointed union official.

In some unions, the organizer's role is to recruit groups of workers under the organizing model. In other unions, the organizer's role is largely that of servicing members and enforcing work rules, similar to the role of a shop steward. In some unions, organizers may also take on industrial/legal roles such as making representations before Fair Work Commission, tribunals, or courts.

In North America, a union organizer is a union representative who "organizes" or unionizes non-union companies or worksites. Organizers primarily exist to assist non-union workers in forming chapters of locals, usually by leading them in their efforts.
2015 General Aung San Shield final
The 2015 General Aung San Shield final was the 5th final of the MFF Cup. Ayeyawady United won the match 2-1 with goals from Riste Naumov and Kyaw Min Oo, for their third title. Moukailou scored for Yadanarbon FC. Ayeyawady qualified to AFC Cup competition with its win. The match was played at Bogyoke Aung San Stadium in Yangon. on 27 September 2015 and was the final match of the Bogyoke Aung San Cup.

Bogyoke Aung San Stadium
The Bogyoke Aung San Stadium (Burmese: ဗိုလ်ချုပ် အောင်ဆန်း အားကစားကွင်း, MLCTS: buil hkyup aung hcan: a: ka. ca: kwang:) is a multi-purpose stadium located in downtown Yangon, Myanmar. It was built as an athletic ground in 1906, which was completed in 1909 and named as Burma Athletic Association Ground, where many sports were held such as cricket, football and tennis. The 400 m (1,300 ft) runway was constructed in 1935.
Fred Begay
Fred Begay (July 2, 1932 – April 30, 2013), also Fred Young or Clever Fox, was a Navajo/Ute nuclear physicist. Begay was born in Towaoc, Colorado on the Ute Mountain Indian Reservation.  His work was in the alternative use of laser, electron and ion beams to heat thermonuclear plasmas for use as alternative energy sources.

Nuclear physics
Nuclear physics is the field of physics that studies atomic nuclei and their constituents and interactions, in addition to the study of other forms of nuclear matter.

Nuclear physics should not be confused with atomic physics, which studies the atom as a whole, including its electrons.

Discoveries in nuclear physics have led to applications in many fields such as nuclear power, nuclear weapons, nuclear medicine and magnetic resonance imaging, industrial and agricultural isotopes, ion implantation in materials engineering, and radiocarbon dating in geology and archaeology. Such applications are studied in the field of nuclear engineering.

Particle physics evolved out of nuclear physics and the two fields are typically taught in close association. Nuclear astrophysics, the application of nuclear physics to astrophysics, is crucial in explaining the inner workings of stars and the origin of the chemical elements.
Wellington East (New Zealand electorate)
Wellington East was a parliamentary electorate in the eastern suburbs of Wellington, New Zealand, from 1887 to 1890 and from 1905 to 1946. It was succeeded by the Miramar electorate. The electorate was represented by seven Members of Parliament.

New Zealand electorates
An electorate or electoral district (Māori: rohe pōti) is a geographic constituency used for electing a member (MP) to the New Zealand Parliament. The size of electorates is determined such that all electorates have approximately the same electoral population.

Before 1996, all MPs were directly chosen for office by the voters of an electorate. Thereafter, New Zealand's electoral system provides that some (in practice, the majority) of the usually 120 seats in Parliament are filled by electorate representatives with the remainder being filled from party lists in order to achieve proportional representation among parties. The number of electorates changes periodically, in line with national population growth. Starting from the 2020 general election, there are 72 electorates including the Māori electorates.
National epic
A national epic is an epic poem or a literary work of epic scope which seeks to or is believed to capture and express the essence or spirit of a particular nation—not necessarily a nation state, but at least an ethnic or linguistic group with aspirations to independence or autonomy.  National epics frequently recount the origin of a nation, a part of its history, or a crucial event in the development of national identity such as other national symbols.

Independence
Independence is a condition of a nation, country, or state, in which residents and population, or some portion thereof, exercise self-government, and usually sovereignty, over its territory. The opposite of independence is the status of a dependent territory or colony. The commemoration of the independence day of a country or nation celebrates when a country is free from all forms of colonialism; free to build a country or nation without any interference from other nations.
Mario Capecchi
Mario Ramberg Capecchi (born October 6, 1937) is an Italian-born American molecular geneticist and a co-awardee of the 2007 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for discovering a method to create mice in which a specific gene is turned off, known as knockout mice. He shared the prize with Martin Evans and Oliver Smithies. He is currently  Distinguished Professor of Human Genetics and Biology at the University of Utah School of Medicine.

Human genetics
Human genetics is the study of inheritance as it occurs in human beings. Human genetics encompasses a variety of overlapping fields including: classical genetics, cytogenetics, molecular genetics, biochemical genetics, genomics, population genetics, developmental genetics, clinical genetics, and genetic counseling.

Genes are the common factor of the qualities of most human-inherited traits. Study of human genetics can answer questions about human nature, can help understand diseases and the development of effective  treatment and help us to understand the genetics of human life. This article describes only basic features of human genetics; for the genetics of disorders please see: medical genetics.  For information on the genetics of DNA repair defects related to accelerated aging and/or increased risk of cancer please see: DNA repair-deficiency disorder.
St John's Church, Brearton
St John's Church is an Anglican church in Brearton, a village in North Yorkshire, in England.

The building was commissioned by Thomas Duncombe in 1836, and designed by James Pigott Pritchett.  It originally seated 150 worshippers.  The building was Grade II listed in 1987.

The church is built of magnesian limestone with gritstone dressings, on a plinth, and has a chamfered eaves cornice ,and a purple slate roof with gable copings and shaped kneelers.  There is a rectangular plan with three bays.  The doorway at the west end has an ogee head and a hood mould, above which is a pilaster rising to a gabled bellcote with a crocketed finial.  Inside, the north-east corner is partitioned off as a vestry.  There is a reading desk, a pulpit and an octagonal font.

Crocket
A crocket (or croquet) is a small, independent decorative element common in Gothic architecture. The name derives from the diminutive of the Old French croc, meaning "hook", due to the resemblance of a crocket to a bishop's crook-shaped crosier.
Responsible position
A responsible position is a post where the individual is expected to work without supervision or a higher authority, usually for a political purpose or a civil service position. Whether a particular position is a responsible position or "least difficult" is not a dichotomy, but rather "relative" and a continuum.

This is in contrast to a job or police/military post, where there is a superior officer to answer to and who holds the right to direct work. For example, a shop steward and a member of parliament are in responsible positions; the former is responsible to the workers, the latter to the electorate.

Working in a responsible position may be unpaid, or if there is some compensation, it may not be considered a taxable salary. For example, the compensation of an MP is tax-free.

The related term position of trust refers to any kind of position, whether supervisory or not.

Continuum (measurement)
Continuum (pl.: continua or continuums) theories or models explain variation as involving gradual quantitative transitions without abrupt changes or discontinuities. In contrast, categorical theories or models explain variation using qualitatively different states.
Jester Center
Jester Center or Jester Center Residence Halls is a co-educational residence hall at The University of Texas at Austin, built in 1969. The residence hall was named after Beauford H. Jester, who served as the Governor of Texas from 1947 until 1949.

Dormitory
A dormitory (originated from the Latin word dormitorium, often abbreviated to dorm,) is a room that sleeps multiple people. It may also refer (in the US) to a building primarily providing sleeping and residential quarters for large numbers of people such as student accommodation for university or college students,  or, with reference to military personnel, a barracks.

A building providing sleeping and residential quarters for large numbers of people may also be called a house (members of a religious community or pupils at a boarding school), or a hostel (students, workers or travelers).
Mathe's sign
Mathe's sign is an ultrasonographic sign that suggests the existence of an abscess in the proximity of a kidney. Normally during inspiration when standing, the kidneys move distally to some extent. When one of them does not move at all or moves downwards scarcely, either in erect position or deep inspiration, the test is called positive. Along with fever, urinary symptoms, and costovertebral angle tenderness, this will almost always indicate a perinephric abscess.

Costovertebral angle tenderness
Costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness is pain that results from touching the region inside of the costovertebral angle. The CVA is formed by the 12th rib and the spine. Assessing for CVA tenderness is part of the abdominal exam, and CVA tenderness often indicates kidney pathology.
Heavy Fire
Heavy Fire is a series of on-rails arcade shooter video games developed by Polish video game developer Teyon between 2010 and 2013 and Anshar from 2018 to present. The series includes five games: Heavy Fire: Special Operations (2010), Heavy Fire: Black Arms (2011), Heavy Fire: Afghanistan (2011), Heavy Fire: Shattered Spear (2013), and Heavy Fire: Red Shadow (2018).

Shooter game
Shooter video games, or shooters, are a subgenre of action video games where the focus is on the defeat of the character's enemies using ranged weapons given to the player. Usually these weapons are firearms or some other long-range weapons, and can be used in combination with other tools such as grenades for indirect offense, armor for additional defense, or accessories such as telescopic sights to modify the behavior of the weapons. A common resource found in many shooter games is ammunition, armor or health, or upgrades which augment the player character's weapons.

Shooter games test the player's spatial awareness, reflexes, and speed in both isolated single player or networked multiplayer environments. Shooter games encompass many subgenres that have the commonality of focusing on the actions of the avatar engaging in combat with a weapon against both code-driven NPC enemies or other avatars controlled by other players.
Comanche Crossing
Comanche Crossing is a 1968 Western film directed by Larry Buchanan. Buchanan worked on the film in 1967–68 with Tony Huston. It was shot in Big Bend Country near the US-Mexican border, with Cynthia Hull as a Native American and Huston as a Comanche warrior. The film was never released.

Buchanan says it was one of his more personal projects that he made between exploitation pictures; he later called it "a fine little film".

Larry Buchanan
Larry Buchanan (January 31, 1923 − December 2, 2004), born Marcus Larry Seale Jr., was a film director, producer and writer, who proclaimed himself a "schlockmeister". Many of his extremely low-budget films have landed on "worst movie" lists or in the public domain, but all at least broke even and many made a profit. Most of his films were made for television and were never shown theatrically.

He is perhaps most famous for his American International Pictures films In the Year 2889, The Eye Creatures, Zontar, the Thing from Venus, Curse of the Swamp Creature, Creature of Destruction, It's Alive!, and Mars Needs Women, all of which were released directly to late night television.
Spiros Zournatzis
Spiros Zournatzis (Greek: Σπύρος Ζουρνατζής; 7 October 1935 – 12 September 2022) was a Greek politician. A member of the National Political Union and the European Right, he served in the European Parliament from February to July 1989.

Zournatzis died on 12 September 2022, at the age of 86.

European Right (1984–1989)
The Group of the European Right (French: Groupe des droites européennes, abbr. DR) was a far-right political group that operated in the European Parliament between 1984 and 1989. It was led by the neo-fascist National Front of Jean-Marie Le Pen. Its members also were the Italian Social Movement and Greek National Political Union. The Ulster Unionist Party was also a member of ER after 1985. ER was succeeded by the Technical Group of the European Right after the 1989 European Parliament election.