hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mount Schurz
Mount Schurz el. 11,007 feet (3,355 m) is a mountain peak in the Absaroka Range in Yellowstone National Park.  Mount Schurz is the second highest peak in Yellowstone.  The mountain was originally named Mount Doane by Henry D. Washburn during the Washburn–Langford–Doane Expedition in 1871.  Later the name Mount Doane was given to another peak in the Absaroka Range by geologist Arnold Hague.  In 1885, Hague named the mountain for the 13th U.S. Secretary of the Interior, Carl Schurz (1877–1881).  Schurz was the first Secretary of the Interior to visit Yellowstone and a strong supporter of the national park movement.

Absaroka Range
The Absaroka Range is a sub-range of the Rocky Mountains in the United States. The range stretches roughly north-south around 150 mi (240 km) across the Montana–Wyoming border, and 75 mi (120 km) at its widest east-west extent, forming both the eastern boundary of the Paradise Valley and Yellowstone National Park, and the western edge of the Bighorn Basin. The range borders the Beartooth Mountains to the east and north and the Wind River Range to the south and southwest. The northern edge of the range rests along I-90 and Livingston, Montana. The highest peak in the range is Francs Peak, located in Wyoming at 13,153 ft (4,009 m). There are 46 other peaks over 12,000 ft (3,700 m).
Kristina Svechinskaya
Kristina Vladimirovna Svechinskaya (Russian: Кристина Владимировна Свечинская, born February 16, 1989) is a former Russian money mule hacker. While studying at New York University, in 2010 she was accused of a plot to defraud British and U.S. banks and usage of false passports. According to charges, Svechinskaya used a Zeus Trojan horse to attack thousands of bank accounts and opened at least five accounts in Bank of America and Wachovia, which received $35,000 (£22,000) of stolen money. It is estimated that with nine other people, Svechinskaya had skimmed $3 million in total. Svechinskaya was dubbed by the media "the world's sexiest computer hacker" for her raunchy but casual appearance and was compared to Anna Chapman. The upcoming Russian film Botnet is partially based on Svechinskaya's story.

Money mule
A money mule, sometimes called a "smurfer", is a person who transfers money acquired illegally, such as by theft or fraud. Money mules transfer funds in person, through a courier service, or electronically, on behalf of others. Typically, the mule is paid for services with a small part of the money transferred. Money mules are often recruited on-line under the guise of legitimate employment, not aware that the money they are transferring is the product of crime. Similar techniques are used to transfer merchandise illegally.
Barcelos, Portugal
Barcelos (Portuguese pronunciation: [bɐɾˈsɛluʃ] ⓘ) is a city and a municipality in Braga District in the Minho Province, in the north of Portugal. The city of Barcelos had 26,042 inhabitants in 2021, while the municipality had 116,959 inhabitants in 2024 across an area of 378.90 square kilometres (146.29 mi2). With 61 parishes, it is the municipality with the highest number of parishes in the country. Barcelos lies on the Portuguese Way, a Christian pilgrimage route connecting to the Camino de Santiago.

It is known for the Rooster of Barcelos and for its textile and adobe industries, as well as its horseback riding events and "figurado" style of pottery, which are comical figurines with accentuated features of farmers, folk musicians, and nativity scene characters. Barcelos is part of the UNESCO Creative Cities Network as a Crafts and Folk Art City.

Adobe
Adobe (/əˈdoʊbi/ ⓘ ə-DOH-bee; Spanish: [aˈðoβe]; via Spanish, from Arabic  الطّوب (at-tūb)) is a building material made from loam and organic materials. Adobe is Spanish for mudbrick. In some English-speaking regions of Spanish heritage, such as the Southwestern United States, the term is used to refer to any kind of earthen construction, or various architectural styles like Pueblo Revival or Territorial Revival. Most adobe buildings are similar in appearance to cob and rammed earth buildings. Adobe is among the earliest building materials, and is used throughout the world.

Adobe architecture has been dated to before 5,100 BP.
Oundle Rural District
Oundle was a rural district in England from 1894 to 1935.

It was formed under the Local Government Act 1894 from the Oundle rural sanitary district.  It was one of only a few such districts to cross a county border, with parishes in both Northamptonshire and Huntingdonshire.

In 1935 it was abolished, under the Local Government Act 1929.  The Northamptonshire part went to form the Oundle and Thrapston Rural District, and from the Huntingdonshire part, the parish of Elton became part of Norman Cross Rural District whilst the parishes of Great Gidding, Little Gidding and Winwick became part of Huntingdon Rural District.

Sanitary district
Sanitary districts were established in England and Wales in 1872 and in Ireland in 1878.  The districts were of two types, based on existing structures:

Urban sanitary districts in towns with existing local government bodies

Rural sanitary districts in the remaining rural areas of poor law unions.

Each district was governed by a local board of health, which was responsible for various public health matters such as providing clean drinking water, sewers, street cleaning, and clearing slum housing.

In England and Wales both rural and urban sanitary districts were replaced under by the Local Government Act 1894 (56 & 57 Vict. c. 73) by the more general rural districts and urban districts.  A similar reform was carried out in Ireland in 1899 under the Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898.
Archer MacMackin
Archer MacMackin (February 7, 1888 – February 8, 1961) was an American silent film director, producer, and screenwriter. McMackin directed over seventy-three films between 1912 and 1916 directing films such as When Empty Hearts Are Filled and The Altar of Ambition in 1915 working with actors such as Harry von Meter, Louise Lester, Vivian Rich and David Lythgoe. His career reached its height in 1916 where in that year alone he directed thirty short films.

David Lythgoe
David Lythgoe (born c.1880) was an American silent film actor of the early period. He is best known for his work between 1912 and 1915 in short film under the directorship of Tom Ricketts.

He starred alongside prominent actors of the early period such as Charlotte Burton, William Garwood, Vivian Rich, Harry von Meter and Louise Lester in films such as She Never Knew, The Echo and The Two Sentences.
Black Sphinx of Nebthu
"Black Sphinx of Nebthu" is a fantasy short story by American writers L. Sprague de Camp and Lin Carter, featuring the fictional sword and sorcery hero Conan the Barbarian created by Robert E. Howard. It was first published in the July 1973 issue of the magazine Fantastic, and first appeared in book form in the Ace Books paperback collection Conan of Aquilonia in May 1977, which was reprinted several times through 1994. The first British edition was published by Sphere Books in October 1978.

L. Sprague de Camp
Lyon Sprague de Camp (/ˌspreɪɡdəˈkæmp/; November 27, 1907 – November 6, 2000) was an American author of science fiction, fantasy and non-fiction literature. In a career spanning 60 years, he wrote over 100 books,  including biographies of other fantasy authors. He was a major figure in science fiction in the 1930s and 1940s.
Blessed Jacopone da Todi (painting)
Blessed Jacopone da Todi is a fragment of a fresco by Paolo Uccello, dating to early in 1436. It shows the Franciscan Jacopone da Todi and was originally located to the right of the altar in the Cappella dell'Assunta in Prato Cathedral. In 1967 it was moved to the Museo dell'Opera del Duomo and at the end of the 1990s it was moved to the Museo Civico, where it is displayed in the "I Tesori della città" gallery.

Jacopone da Todi
Jacopone da Todi O.F.M. (c. 1230 – 25 December 1306) was an Italian Franciscan friar from Umbria. He wrote several laude (songs in praise of the Lord) in the local vernacular. He was an early pioneer in Italian theatre, being one of the earliest scholars who dramatised Gospel subjects.
Pasteurella multocida
Pasteurella multocida is a Gram-negative, nonmotile, penicillin-sensitive coccobacillus from the family Pasteurellaceae. Strains of the species are currently classified into five serogroups (A, B, D, E, F) based on capsular composition and 16 somatic serovars (1–16). P. multocida is the cause of a range of diseases in mammals and birds, including fowl cholera in poultry, atrophic rhinitis in pigs, and bovine hemorrhagic septicemia in cattle and buffalo. It can also cause a zoonotic infection in humans, which typically is a result of bites or scratches from domestic pets. Many mammals (including domestic cats and dogs) and birds harbor it as part of their normal respiratory microbiota.

Microbiota
Microbiota are the range of microorganisms that may be commensal, mutualistic, or pathogenic found in and on all multicellular organisms, including plants. Microbiota include bacteria, archaea, protists, fungi, and viruses, and have been found to be crucial for immunologic, hormonal, and metabolic homeostasis of their host.

The term microbiome describes either the collective genomes of the microbes that reside in an ecological niche or else the microbes themselves.

The microbiome and host emerged during evolution as a synergistic unit from epigenetics and genetic characteristics, sometimes collectively referred to as a holobiont. The presence of microbiota in human and other metazoan guts has been critical for understanding the co-evolution between metazoans and bacteria. Microbiota play key roles in the intestinal immune and metabolic responses via their fermentation product (short-chain fatty acid), acetate.
Analog Bubblebath Vol 2
Analog Bubblebath Vol 2 is the second extended play record by the electronic music producer and musician Aphex Twin. It is the second release in the Analogue Bubblebath series (although it is spelled "Analog Bubblebath" on this release).

"Aboriginal Mix" (also known as "Digeridoo") was first aired from a DAT tape by Colin Faver on his Kiss FM show Demo DAT section, leading to the EP being released on Faver and Gordon Matthewman's Rabbit City Records in 1991.

Digeridoo was later picked up by R&S Records and released as a single Digeridoo and on the compilation Classics. All three mixes are identical. In August 2015 James uploaded the third track to SoundCloud with the title "Alien Fanny Farts AB2 q".

R&S Records
R&S Records is an independent record label founded in 1983 in Ghent, Belgium. R&S represents the initials of Renaat Vandepapeliere and Sabine Maes, the couple that created the label. Having originally ceased in 2000, R&S Records relaunched in 2008, along with its subsidiary Apollo Records, in 2009.

R&S and its subsidiaries include releases by Lone, Paula Temple, Joey Beltram, Capricorn, Aphex Twin, Biosphere, C.J. Bolland, Sun Electric, The Source Experience/Robert Leiner, Model 500/Juan Atkins, Silent Phase, System 7, Dave Angel, and Ken Ishii.
McLaren Solus GT
The McLaren Solus GT is a limited-production track-only mid-engined sports car manufactured by McLaren Automotive. The car is the sixth edition in the McLaren Ultimate Series, joining the McLaren F1, McLaren P1, McLaren Senna, McLaren Speedtail, and McLaren Elva. It is based on the 2017 Ultimate Vision Gran Turismo concept that appeared in the Sony Interactive Entertainment racing game Gran Turismo Sport. The car is designed to be an "extreme expression of track driving engagement", and is limited to 25 units, all of which come with a custom molded seat, FIA-homologated race suit, helmet, and a bespoke HANS (head and neck support device).

McLaren Automotive
McLaren Automotive (/məˈklærən/ mə-KLA-rən; formerly known as McLaren Cars) is a British luxury automotive manufacturer based at the McLaren Technology Centre in Woking, England. The main products of the company are sports cars, which are produced in-house in designated production facilities. As of March 2025, McLaren Automotive is wholly owned by CYVN Holdings LLC, owned by the government of Abu Dhabi.
Kosmos 2456
Kosmos 2456 (Russian: Космос 2456 meaning Cosmos 2456) is one of a set of three Russian military satellites launched in 2009 as part of the GLONASS satellite navigation system. It was launched with Kosmos 2457 and Kosmos 2458.

This satellite is a GLONASS-M satellite, also known as Uragan-M, and is numbered Uragan-M No. 730.

Kosmos 2456/7/8 were launched from Site 81/24 at Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. A Proton-M carrier rocket with a Blok DM upper stage was used to perform the launch which took place at 10:38 UTC on 14 December 2009. The launch successfully placed the satellites into Medium Earth orbit. It subsequently received its Kosmos designation, and the international designator 2009-070A. The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Numbers 36111.

It is in the first orbital plane of the GLONASS constellation, in orbital slot 1. It started operations on 30 January 2010.

Proton-M
The Proton-M, (Протон-М) GRAU index 8K82M or 8K82KM, is an expendable Russian heavy-lift launch vehicle derived from the Soviet-developed Proton. It is built by Khrunichev, and launched from sites 81/24 and 200/39 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Commercial launches are marketed by International Launch Services (ILS), and generally use Site 200/39. The first Proton-M launch occurred on 7 April 2001.

Proton flew its most recent mission on February 12, 2026. As of August 2020, a number of Roscosmos and other Russian government missions remain on Proton launch manifest.
Ata Nahai
Ata Nahai is a Kurdish-Iranian novelist and short story writer who writes in Sorani Kurdish.

He was born in Baneh in 1960. He was graduated from high school in 1978, receiving a diploma of literature. As to the revolutionary atmosphere of Iran in 1979 and the universities being closed for the next four years he could not continue his studies. He began his literary career by writing short stories in Kurdish (Sorani) and producing essays on the art of fiction. He has published three collections of short stories and three novels in Kurdish as well as translating a number of world short stories and literary essays into Kurdish. In the First Conference on Teaching Kurdish language, held in Tehran in 2002, he won the first vote of the elections and afterwards became the head of the Kurdish Language Academy in Iran. In 2005 Ata Nahai was awarded the Aras prize for Kurdish literature. He was also awarded the Ahmad Hardi Prize for Creativity in Sulaymaniyah in 2008.

Ahmad Hardi
Ahmad Hardi (Kurdish: ئەحمەد ھەردی, romanized: Ehmed Herdî; 1922 – 29 October 2006) was a prominent Kurdish poet.

He was born into an intellectual family in Sulaimaniya in Iraqi Kurdistan. He possessed a deep knowledge of classical Kurdish, Arabic and Persian poetry and has had an enduring influence on the modern Kurdish poetry. He was a leading figure in the Kurdish liberation movement. After the Algiers Accord, he moved to Iran in 1975 and later to U.K. in 1993. His daughter Choman Hardi is a well known Kurdish poet, and his son Asos Hardi is a prominent journalist in Iraqi Kurdistan and founder of Hawlati and Awena independent newspapers. His first collection of poems was first published in 1957 and has been re-published several times since then.
Sheila Cameron (artist)
Sheila Cameron is an American artist, blogger, graphic designer and producer based in California. She is mostly known for initiating the "Free Katie" campaign, in which she designed and sold merchandise in response to the news of Katie Holmes's engagement to Tom Cruise.

Nevada City, California
Nevada City is a city in and the county seat of Nevada County, California, United States, 60 miles (97 km) northeast of Sacramento, 84 miles (135 km) southwest of Reno and 147 miles (237 km) northeast of San Francisco. The population was 3,152 as of the 2020 census.
Pointe-Gatineau District
Pointe-Gatineau District (District 12) is a municipal electoral division in the city of Gatineau, Quebec. It is represented on Gatineau City Council by Marc Carrière. The district was known as Promenades District from 2002 to 2009; the name change was announced in 2011.

The district is located in the city's Gatineau sector. From 2001 to 2009 it included the neighbourhoods of Place Lucerne, Parc Maisonneuve, Val d'Oise and Le Barron.

During the 2009 election cycle, it gained La Baie while losing Val d'Oise and Le Barron.

During the 2013 election cycle, it gained the District des Riverains neighbourhood while losing all the territory north of Highway 148.

Gatineau City Council
The Gatineau City Council (French: Conseil municipal de Gatineau) is the governing body for the mayor–council government in the city of Gatineau, Quebec, Canada. It is composed of 19 city councillors and the mayor. The mayor is elected at large, while each councillor represents wards throughout the city. Council members are elected to four-year terms, with the last election being on November 7, 2021. The council meets at the Maison du Citoyen in the Hull sector. Much of the council's work is done in the standing committees made up of sub-groups of councillors. The decisions made in these committees are presented to the full council and voted upon.

The head of the city council is called the speaker. The current speaker is Steven Boivin, the Independent city councillor for Aylmer District.
Harpe brothers
Micajah "Big" Harpe, born Joshua Harper (before 1768 – August 24, 1799), and Wiley "Little" Harpe, born William Harper (before 1770 – February 8, 1804), were American murderers, highwaymen and river pirates who operated in Tennessee, Kentucky, Illinois, Mississippi and along the Natchez Trace in the late 18th century. They are often considered the earliest documented serial killers in  United States history.

Loyal to the British Crown during the American Revolution, the Harpes became outlaws after the war and began robbing and killing settlers in the remote frontier west of the Appalachian Mountains. They are believed to have killed 39 people, and possibly as many as 50. As the Harpes' crimes gained notoriety, vigilante groups formed to avenge their victims, and they were eventually tracked down and executed around the turn of the century. Their savagery has since entered American folklore, appearing to have been motivated more by blood lust than financial gain.

Loyalists fighting in the American Revolution
British colonists who supported the British cause in the American War of Independence were Loyalists, often called Tories, or, occasionally, Royalists or King's Men. Whilst George Washington's men called themselves "Patriots", and in this article Americans on the side of the insurgency are called Patriots.  For a detailed analysis of the psychology and social origins of the Loyalists, see Loyalist (American Revolution).

This article is an overview of some of the prominent Loyalist military units of the Revolution, and of the fighting they did for the British Crown.
Myron Noodleman
Richard Martin "Rick" Hader (March 31, 1958 – November 1, 2017), better known as Myron Noodleman, was an American clown who performed at Minor League Baseball games and other public events.

Since 2004, he was billed as the fifth "Clown Prince of Baseball", following Arlie Latham, Al Schacht, Jackie Price, and Max Patkin.

Rick Hader was the brother of screenwriter Matt Hader and the uncle of Bill Hader, a die-hard Chicago Cubs fan, and  a high school math teacher and football coach at Union High School in Tulsa, Oklahoma before he began his career as a clown.

Arlie Latham
Walter Arlington Latham (March 15, 1860 – November 29, 1952) was an American third baseman in Major League Baseball. He played from 1880 through 1909 for the Buffalo Bisons, St. Louis Browns, Chicago Pirates, Cincinnati Reds, Washington Senators, and New York Giants. He also served as player-manager of the Browns in 1896.

Latham stole 129 bases during the 1887 season. His career total of 742 ranks seventh all-time in the majors. As a player-coach for the 1909 Giants, Latham, at age 49, became the oldest MLB player to steal a base.

After his retirement as a player, he became what is acknowledged as the first full-time base coach in baseball history. For years he served as a coach and manager in the minor leagues.

After retiring from baseball, Latham traveled to Great Britain, where he organized baseball matches for soldiers during World War I and taught baseball to the British. He later worked in baseball as a press box attendant.
Vradiivka Raion
Vradiivka Raion (Ukrainian: Врадіївський район) was a subdivision of Mykolaiv Oblast of Ukraine. Its administrative center was the urban-type settlement of Vradiivka. The raion was abolished on 18 July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Mykolaiv Oblast to four. The area of Vradiivka Raion was merged into Pervomaisk Raion. The last estimate of the raion population was 16,836 (2020 est.)

Mykolaiv Oblast
Mykolaiv Oblast (Ukrainian: Миколаївська область, romanized: Mykolaivska oblast, IPA: [mɪkoˈlɑjiu̯sʲkɐ ˈɔblɐsʲtʲ]), also referred to as Mykolaivshchyna (Ukrainian: Миколаївщина, IPA: [mɪkoˈlɑjiu̯ʃtʃɪnɐ]), is an oblast (province) of Ukraine. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Mykolaiv. At the most recent estimate, the population of the oblast stood at 1,091,821 (2022 estimate).
Aaron Ezekiel Harif
Aaron Jacob ben Ezekiel Harif was a Jewish Hungarian scholar. As successor to Gerson Ashkenazi he held the post of rabbi in Nikolsburg at the same time that he was chief rabbi of the province of Moravia. The epithet "Ḥarif" (here meaning "the keen thinker") was also bestowed upon four of his ancestors, Ezekiel, Jacob, Ezekiel, and Isaac. Possibly he attained to the title by personal merit; for an inscription on his tombstone compares his death to the loss of the Ark of the Covenant.  He died at Nikolsburg on 10 April 1670.

Mikulov
Mikulov (Czech pronunciation: [ˈmɪkulof]; German: Nikolsburg) is a town in Břeclav District in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 7,600 inhabitants. From the 16th to the 19th century, it was the cultural centre of the Jewish community of Moravia. The historic centre of Mikulov is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument reservation.
Gangai Bridge
Gangai Bridge is a road bridge across Mahavali Gangai (Mahaweli Ganga) in eastern Sri Lanka. The bridge was formally opened on 19 October 2011.

The bridge is 245 m (804 ft) long. The bridge cost 956 million rupees (US$8.7 million) and was financed by a soft loan from the French Development Agency's Trincomalee Integrated Infrastructure Project and the Sri Lankan Government's Kilakku Vasantham (Eastern Awakening) programme. The bridge is part of the A15 Batticaloa-Trincomalee highway. The bridge replaced a ferry boat service that had been transporting people and vehicles across the river.

Sri Lankan rupee
The Sri Lankan rupee (Sinhala: රුපියල්, Tamil: ரூபாய்; symbol: ₨ in English, රු in Sinhala, ௹ in Tamil; ISO code: LKR), known until 1972 as the Ceylon rupee, is the currency of Sri Lanka. It is subdivided into 100 cents (Sinhala: සත, Tamil: சதம்), but cents are rarely seen in circulation due to their low value. It is issued by the Central Bank of Sri Lanka. The abbreviation Re (singular) and Rs (plural) is generally used, the World Bank suggests SL Rs as a fully disambiguating abbreviation for distinction from other currencies named "rupee".