hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
New York's at-large congressional seat
On three occasions in New York history, some members of the United States House of Representatives were elected statewide at-large. This was due to an increase of the number of representatives after the previous federal census, and the failure of the State Legislature to re-apportion the congressional districts in time for the next election.

In 1872 and 1882, one representative each was elected for the ensuing term. The Legislature then re-apportioned the congressional districts before the elections in 1874 and 1884.

From 1933 to 1945, two representatives elected at-large sat in the House because the Legislature could not agree on a re-apportionment of the districts. For the election to the 79th United States Congress, which was held in 1944, the congressional districts were finally re-apportioned.

79th United States Congress
The 79th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from January 3, 1945, to January 3, 1947, during the last months of Franklin D. Roosevelt's presidency, and the first two years of Harry Truman's presidency. The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the 1940 United States census.

Both chambers had a Democratic majority (including increasing their edge in the House). With the reelection of President Franklin D. Roosevelt to a record fourth term, the Democrats maintained an overall federal government trifecta.
Sinaia Casino
The Sinaia Casino (Romanian: Cazinoul Sinaia) is located in "Dimitrie Ghica" park, Sinaia, Romania and was built at the initiative of King Carol I of Romania.

Construction began in 1912 and was finished a year later. The work was supervised by architect Petre Antonescu, who was also the author of the plans. The main shareholder in the casino was Baron of Marçay, a shareholder in the Monte Carlo Casino. The opening was celebrated with fireworks and a piano recital by George Enescu, in the presence of Alexandru Davila and Titu Maiorescu. The casino became a major attraction between the wars.

After the communist takeover in the late 1940s, gambling ceased and the casino is now an international conference center.

Titu Maiorescu
Titu Liviu Maiorescu (Romanian: [ˈtitu majoˈresku]; 15 February 1840 – 18 June 1917) was a Romanian literary critic, politician and founder of the Junimea Society. As a literary critic, he was instrumental in the development of Romanian culture in the second half of the 19th century.

A member of the Conservative Party, he was Foreign Minister between 1910 and 1914 and Prime Minister of Romania from 1912 to 1913. He represented Romania at the Peace Conference in Bucharest that ended the Second Balkan War. In politics as in culture he favoured Germany over France. He opposed Romania's entry in World War I against Germany, but he nevertheless refused to collaborate with the German army after it had occupied Bucharest.
Jiro Taniguchi
Jiro Taniguchi (谷口 ジロー, Taniguchi Jirō; 14 August 1947 – 11 February 2017) was a Japanese manga writer/artist. His works belong to the gekiga, or "dramatic pictures", genre of manga. In France he was knighted a Chevalier of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres in 2011.

Gekiga
Gekiga (劇画; pronounced [ɡekʲiɡa], lit. 'dramatic pictures') is a style of Japanese comics aimed at adult audiences and marked by a more cinematic art style and more mature themes. Gekiga was the predominant style of adult comics in Japan in the 1960s and 1970s. It is aesthetically defined by sharp angles, hatching, and gritty lines, and thematically by realism, social engagement, maturity, and masculinity.
LKL All-Star Game Most Valuable Player Award
The LKL All-Star Game Most Valuable Player (MVP) Award, was an annual professional Lithuanian Basketball League (LKL) award, that was given to the player(s) that were voted to be the best of the league's annual All-Star Game. The last winner of this award was Travis Leslie. LKL All-Star Game Most Valuable Player award was replaced by King Mindaugas Cup MVP award in 2016.

Travis Leslie
Travis Demetrius Leslie (born March 29, 1990) is an American professional basketball player for the CS Maristes of the Lebanese Basketball League. He is a 6'4", 205 lb shooting guard out of the University of Georgia.
2024–25 Liga 4 North Sumatra
The 2024–25 Liga 4 North Sumatra was the inaugural season of Liga 4 North Sumatra after the change in the structure of Indonesian football competition and serves as a qualifying round for the national phase of the 2024–25 Liga 4. The competition is organised by the North Sumatra Provincial PSSI Association.

Indonesian football league system
The Indonesian football league system is a series of league system for association football clubs in Indonesia. Since 1994, Liga Indonesia is the league competition featuring association football clubs, as a result of two existing top-flight football leagues merger: Perserikatan (amateur) and Galatama (semi professional). Liga Indonesia is managed by PSSI, the Indonesian national football federation, and operated by I-League and its previous iterations (Badan Liga Indonesia (BLI) from 1994–2008, PT Liga Indonesia (PT. LI) from 2008–2015, PT Liga Prima Indonesia Sportindo (PT. LPIS) from 2011–2013 (Dualism Competition Operator), PT Gelora Trisula Semesta (PT. GTS) from 2016 (Unofficial Competition Operator) and PT Liga Indonesia Baru (PT. LIB) from 2017–2025).

There are four levels of competition in the hierarchy recently. The top two tiers are professional competitions, the third tier is semi-professional, and the fourth tier is amateur.
John Knapp
John Walter Knapp (8 March 1841 – 22 June 1881) was an English cricketer.  Knapp's batting style is unknown; he bowled right-arm fast. The son of Tyrell Knapp and Harriett Harris, he was born in Paddington, London. In 1859 he attended Exeter College, Oxford.

Knapp made a single first-class appearance for Middlesex against Hampshire in 1864 at the Cattle Market Ground in Islington. In Middlesex's only innings he scored 3 runs before being run out, with Middlesex inflicting a defeat by an innings and 38 runs on a Hampshire side, who like Middlesex were playing in their first season of first-class cricket.

Knapp married a Kate M. Taylor at Woodmansterne, Surrey on 30 July 1878. He died at St Leonards-on-Sea, Sussex on 22 June 1881, aged 40.

Run out
Run out is a method of dismissal in cricket, in which the fielding team put down the wicket of a batter who is outside their ground, usually because they are trying to score a run.

Run out is governed by Law 38 of the laws of cricket. If the batter is judged run out, the run does not count and the bowler does not get credit for the wicket.

A run out can also be effected when the batters are not attempting a run if one of them leaves the crease when the ball is not dead. Some such dismissals cause controversy because they challenge long-established — but not universal — conventions about the spirit of the game.
Muzhi
Muzhi (Russian: Мужи) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Muzhi, Pskov Oblast, a village in Pytalovsky District of Pskov Oblast

Muzhi, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, a selo in Shuryshkarsky District of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug

Pskov Oblast
Pskov Oblast (Russian: Пско́вская о́бласть, romanized: Pskovskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located in the west of the country. Its administrative center is the city of Pskov. As of the 2021 Census, its population was 599,084.
Fractured Land
Fractured Land is a 2015 Canadian feature documentary film directed by Fiona Rayher and Damien Gillis, profiling the Dené activist Caleb Behn as he goes through law school and builds a movement around greater awareness of hydraulic fracturing (fracking) on First Nations lands.

Dene
The Dene people (/ˈdɛneɪ/) are an Indigenous group of First Nations who inhabit the northern boreal, subarctic and Arctic regions of Canada. The Dene speak Northern Athabaskan languages and it is the common Athabaskan word for "people". The term "Dene" has two uses:

Most commonly, "Dene" is used narrowly to refer to the Athabaskan speakers of the Northwest Territories in Canada who form the Dene Nation: the Chipewyan (Denesuline), Tłı̨chǫ (Dogrib), Yellowknives (T'atsaot'ine), Slavey (Deh Gah Got'ine or Deh Cho), Sahtu (Sahtúot’ine), and Gwichʼin (Dinjii Zhuh).

"Dene" is sometimes also used to refer to all Northern Athabaskan speakers, who are spread in a wide range all across Alaska and northern Canada.

The Dene people are known for their oral storytelling.
Éire Óg Derriaghy GAC
Éire Óg Derriaghy GAC (Irish: Éire Óg Doire Achaidh GAC) is a Gaelic Athletic Association club from the outskirts of Dunmurry, County Antrim, Northern Ireland. Founded in 1932, and playing out of Woodlands Playing Fields, Éire Óg Doire Achaidh is the local club for the parishes of St Anne's and Our Lady Queen of Peace, providing Gaelic football and Hurling teams for the children of Derriaghy, Finaghy, Dunmurry, Black's Road, Glengoland and Cloona. The club has teams from Primary 1 level all the way through to senior level.

Finaghy
Finaghy (/ˈfinəxi/
 or /ˈfɪnəki/; from Irish an Fionnachadh, meaning 'the white field') is an electoral ward in the Balmoral district of Belfast City Council, Northern Ireland. It is based on the townland of Ballyfinaghy (from Irish Baile an Fhionnachaidh). There has been a small community living in the area since the 17th century, and it has been involved in the production of linen, which was key to the Lagan Valley area at the time.
Alexander Tatarsky
Olexander Mykhailovich Tatarskyy (Ukrainian: Олександр Михайлович Татарський;  Russian: Александр Михайлович Татарский; December 11, 1950 – July 22, 2007) was a Soviet and Ukrainian animation director, screenwriter, animator, producer, artist, co-founder and artistic director of the Pilot studio. Merited Artist of the Russian Federation (2000). Laureate of the State Prize of the Russian Federation (1998).

Animation director
An animation director is the director in charge of all aspects of the animation process during the production of an animated or television film, or an animated segment for a live-action film or television show. Alternatively, the animation director can be the animator in charge of correcting layouts and drawings for the above media. The difference between the two is largely in the difference between the Western and Eastern animation industries. The differences between the two models are similar to the differences in art directors.
Persona 3 The Movie: No. 3, Falling Down
Persona 3 The Movie: #3 Falling Down (劇場版「ペルソナ3」第3章, Gekijōban Perusona 3 Dai San Shō) is a 2015 Japanese animated film and the third installment in a film series based on the Persona 3 video game by Atlus. It is based on the original story by Atlus and distributed by Aniplex. The film is directed by Keitaro Motonaga and written by Jun Kumagai. It stars voice actors Akira Ishida, Megumi Toyoguchi, Kōsuke Toriumi, Rie Tanaka, Hikaru Midorikawa, Mamiko Noto, Maaya Sakamoto, Megumi Ogata and Kazuya Nakai. A sequel, titled Persona 3 The Movie: #4 Winter of Rebirth, was released in January 2016.

Kazuya Nakai
Kazuya Nakai (中井 和哉, Nakai Kazuya; born November 25, 1967) is a Japanese voice actor and narrator who was born in Kobe, Japan. He plays Roronoa Zoro in One Piece, Toshiro Hijikata from Gintama, Date Masamune from Sengoku Basara, Xiahou Dun and Dian Wei from Dynasty Warriors and Warriors Orochi series,  Shinjiro Aragaki from the Persona series, Mugen from Samurai Champloo, Mondo Owada from the Danganronpa series, Ultraman Max in Ultraman Max and Jin Sakai in the Japanese dub of the video game Ghost of Tsushima.

He won a Best Supporting Actor award at the 5th Seiyu Awards in 2011 for his roles in One Piece and Gin Tama.
Einstein problem
In plane discrete geometry, the einstein problem asks about the existence of a single prototile that by itself forms an aperiodic set of prototiles; that is, a shape that can tessellate space but only in a nonperiodic way. Such a shape is called an einstein, a word play on ein Stein, German for "one stone".

Several variants of the problem, depending on the particular definitions of nonperiodicity and the specifications of what sets may qualify as tiles and what types of matching rules are permitted, were solved beginning in the 1990s. The strictest version of the problem was solved in 2023, after an initial discovery in 2022.

The einstein problem can be seen as a natural extension of the second part of Hilbert's eighteenth problem, which asks for a single polyhedron that tiles Euclidean 3-space, but such that no tessellation by this polyhedron is isohedral. Such anisohedral tiles were found by Karl Reinhardt in 1928, but these anisohedral tiles all tile space periodically.

Poisson's ratio
In materials science and solid mechanics, Poisson's ratio (symbol: ν (nu)) is a measure of the Poisson effect, the deformation (expansion or contraction) of a material in directions perpendicular to the specific direction of loading. The value of Poisson's ratio is the negative of the ratio of transverse strain to axial strain. For small values of these changes, ν is the amount of transversal elongation divided by the amount of axial compression.

Most materials have Poisson's ratio values ranging between 0.0 and 0.5. For soft materials, such as rubber, where the bulk modulus is much higher than the shear modulus, Poisson's ratio is near 0.5. For open-cell polymer foams, Poisson's ratio is near zero, since the cells tend to collapse in compression. Many typical solids have Poisson's ratios in the range of 0.2 to 0.3.

The ratio is named after the French mathematician and physicist Siméon Poisson.
Manoharam (2019 film)
Manoharam (transl. Beautiful) is a 2019 Indian Malayalam-language comedy-drama film directed by Anvar Sadik and produced by Jose Chakkalakal and A. K. Sunil . The film stars Vineeth Sreenivasan, Aparna Das, Basil Joseph, Deepak Parambol and Indrans. The music was composed by Sanjeev T and background score was done by Samuel Aby.

The movie follows Manoharan (Vineeth Sreenivasan), a struggling artist, who tries to prove his worth and gain respect for his profession. With painted posters losing their charm and flex printing gaining fast popularity, he is forced to venture into the digital world and learn new technology. The film made with a budget of 2.60 crores and collected 6 crores from the theatres. Disney Hotstar, Amazon prime and Goodwill entertainment bought the satellite, OTT and digital rights respectively for an aggregate amount of 4 crores.

The film was released on 27 September 2019.

Indrans
K. Surendran (born 16 March 1956), better known by his stage name Indrans, is an Indian actor and former costume designer, who appears in Malayalam films. He started his film career as a costume designer and actor in 1981 and got a breakthrough in 1994 with the comedy movie CID Unnikrishnan B.A., B.Ed. Indrans was popular for his comedy roles in the 1990s and 2000s.

He found success in playing character roles in his later career and won the National Film Awards-Special Mention for his performance in Home in 2023 and the Kerala State Film Award – Special Mention for Apothecary in 2014. In 2018, Indrans won the Kerala State Film Award for Best Actor for his performance in Aalorukkam. His performance in Veyilmarangal won him the Best Actor Award at the 2019 Singapore International Film Festival. As of November 2021, he had starred in over 550 films.
Mukteshvara
Mukteshvara is an aspect of the Hindu god Shiva. Several Shiva temples in India are known by this name:

Mukteshvara Temple, Bhubaneswar

Mukteshvara Temple, Chaudayyadanapura

Muktesvara Temple, Kanchipuram

Muktheshwarar Temple, Kanchipuram
Muktesvara Temple is a Hindu temple in the town of Kanchipuram, in Tamil Nadu, India. Dedicated to Shiva, the temple was constructed by the Pallavas and has inscriptions dating back to the time of Nandivarman II.
Hardeep Singh Dang
Hardeep Singh Dang is a member of the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly representing the Suwasra constituency. He is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party. On 2 July 2020, he was sworn in as a cabinet minister in the Madhya Pradesh government led by Chief Minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan.

He resigned from the assembly membership and, subsequently, from the Indian National Congress, citing 'ignorance from his party' in a letter. He then joined the BJP on 21 March, 2020, along with 17 supporters of Jyotiraditya Scindia and four others.

Government of Madhya Pradesh
The Government of Madhya Pradesh (abbreviated as MP)  or Madhya Pradesh Government, is the supreme governing authority of the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh and its 55 districts. It consists of an executive, led by the governor of Madhya Pradesh, a judiciary and a legislative branch. In 2000, the southern portion was broken off to form the new state of Chhattisgarh with its own government.
Amanda Martín
Amanda Martín is an activist in the Workers' Party.  She is also a history teacher and a trade unionist.

She became a member of the legislature of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires in June 2021, as a candidate of the Workers' Left Front; she will hold the seat until December 2023.

Workers' Left Front
The Workers' Left Front – Unity (Spanish: Frente de Izquierda y de Trabajadores – Unidad, FIT-U) is an electoral alliance of four revolutionary Trotskyist parties in Argentina: the Workers' Party (PO), the Socialist Workers' Party (PTS), Socialist Left (IS), and the Workers' Socialist Movement (MST). Initially founded in 2011, the alliance added MST in 2019.

After the 2023 Argentine general election the FIT-U has five national deputies in the National Congress of Argentina: Nicolás del Caño (PTS), Christian Castillo (PTS), Myriam Bregman (PTS), Alejandro Vilca (PTS), and Romina Del Plá (PO).

The predecessor of FIT-U was the Frente de Izquierda y los Trabajadores, Anticapitalista y Socialista, which consisted of the PTS, IS and New Movement for Socialism (NMAS). It stood in the 2009 legislative elections. Attempts to include the PO in this front broke down because the PO insisted on filling the first three positions on the lists with its own members.
2005 in Sierra Leone
The following list is of events that happened during 2005 in Sierra Leone.
Sierra Leone, a country in West Africa, has a special significance in the history of the transatlantic slave trade as the departure point for thousands of west African captives. The capital, Freetown, was founded as a home for repatriated former slaves in 1787.
But the country's modern history has been overshadowed by a brutal civil war that ended in 2002 with the help of Britain, the former colonial power, and a large United Nations peacekeeping mission.
Sierra Leone has experienced substantial economic growth in recent years, although the ruinous effects of the civil war continue to be felt.
The country is also rich in diamonds and other minerals. The trade in illicit gems, known as "blood diamonds" for their role in funding conflicts, perpetuated the civil war. The government has sought to crack down on the trade.

Blood diamond
Blood diamonds (also called conflict diamonds, brown diamonds, hot diamonds, or red diamonds) are diamonds mined in a war zone and sold to finance an insurgency, invasion, terrorism, or warlordism. The term is used to highlight the negative consequences of the diamond trade in certain areas, or to label an individual diamond as having come from such an area. Diamonds mined during the 20th- and 21st-century civil wars in Angola, Ivory Coast, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Guinea, and Guinea-Bissau have been labeled as such. The terms conflict resource or conflict minerals refer to analogous situations involving other natural resources. Blood diamonds can also be smuggled by organized crime syndicates so that they can be sold on the black market. According to the Kimberley Process, global trade in rough diamonds in 2023 totalled approximately 112 million carats.
Raud
Raud is an Estonian surname (meaning "iron"), with notable bearers including:

Eno Raud (1928–1996), children's writer

Ilmar Raud (1913–1941), chess master

Kristjan Raud (1865–1943), painter and draughtsman

Mart Raud (1903–1980), poet, playwright and writer

Mihkel Raud (born 1969), singer, guitarist and journalist

Paul Raud (1865–1930), artist

Piret Raud (born 1971), artist and writer

Rein Raud (born 1961), writer and japanophile, former rector of Tallinn University

Tallinn University
Tallinn University (TLU; Estonian: Tallinna Ülikool, TLÜ) is a public research university in Estonia. Located in the centre of Tallinn, the capital city of Estonia, Tallinn University is one of the three largest institutions of higher education in the country. Both QS World University and Times Higher Education rankings place it among the top 1000 universities in the world.
Talk to Me (American TV series)
Talk to Me is an American sitcom television series created by Suzanne Martin. The series stars Kyra Sedgwick, Beverly D'Angelo, David Newsom, Nicole Sullivan, Peter Jacobson, Max Baker and Michael Estime. The series aired on ABC from April 11 until April 25, 2000.

Suzanne Martin
Suzanne Moore Martin is an American television producer and writer. She is best known for creating Hot in Cleveland (2010–2015). Her writing and producing credits include Ellen, Frasier and The Soul Man. She also created the television series Maybe It's Me and Hot Properties and Crowded.
Bach's first cantata cycle
Bach's first cantata cycle refers to the church cantatas Johann Sebastian Bach composed for the somewhat less than 60 occasions of the liturgical year of his first year as Thomaskantor in Leipzig which required concerted music. That year ran from the first Sunday after Trinity in 1723 to Trinity Sunday of the next year:

Ärgre dich, o Seele, nicht, BWV 186
Ärgre dich, o Seele, nicht (Do not be confounded, o soul), BWV 186 is a church cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach. He composed it originally in Weimar in 1716 for Advent, BWV 186a, and expanded it in Leipzig in 1723 for the seventh Sunday after Trinity, where he first performed it on 11 July 1723.
Sec-Butylamine
sec-Butylamine is an organic chemical compound (specifically, an amine) with the formula CH3CH2CH(NH2)CH3.  It is a colorless liquid.  sec-Butylamine is one of the four isomeric amines of butane, the others being n-butylamine, tert-butylamine, and isobutylamine.  sec-Butylamine is chiral and therefore can exist in either of two enantiomeric forms.

sec-Butylamine is used in the production of some pesticides.

Bromacil, a commercial herbicide, is produced from sec-butylamine.

Butane
Butane (/ˈbjuːteɪn/) is an alkane with the formula C4H10. Butane exists as two isomers, n-butane, CH3CH2CH2CH3 and iso-butane, (CH3)3CH.  Both isomers are highly flammable, colorless, easily liquefied gases that quickly vaporize at room temperature and pressure. Butanes are a trace component of natural gases, which contain higher concentrations of other hydrocarbons such as propane, ethane, and especially methane. Liquefied petroleum gas is a mixture of propane and some butanes.

The name butane comes from the root but- (from butyric acid, named after the Greek word for butter) and the suffix -ane (for organic compounds).