hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ulmus glabra 'Australis'
Ulmus glabra 'Australis' is a Wych Elm cultivar described by Loudon in 1838, from a tree in the Royal Horticultural Society garden, as U. montana var. australis Hort..

Loudon's 'Australis' is not to be confused with Henry's U. campestris 'Australis', a tall southern European field elm or hybrid cultivar with an oval leaf and longer petiole.

John Claudius Loudon
John Claudius Loudon (8 April 1782 – 14 December 1843) was a Scottish botanist, garden designer and author, born in Cambuslang in 1782. He was the first to use the term arboretum in writing to refer to a garden of plants, especially trees, collected for the purpose of scientific study. He was married to Jane Webb, a fellow horticulturalist, and author of science-fiction, fantasy, horror, and gothic stories.
Tân Uyên, Bình Dương
Tân Uyên was a provincial city of Bình Dương province in the Southeast region of Vietnam. It was established as a city in April 2023 on the basis of the former Tân Uyên town and dissolved in June 2025 as part of a nationwide administrative rearrangement. As of 2022, the city had a population of 466,053. The city covered an area of 191.76 km², with a population density of approximately 2,430 inhabitants per km².

Provincial city (Vietnam)
A provincial city (Vietnamese: thành phố thuộc tỉnh) is a former type of second-level subdivision of Vietnam. It has equal status along with urban districts, districts, municipal cities, and towns. Also by virtue of Decree No. 42/2009/ND-CP, provincial cities were officially classified into Class-1, Class-2 or Class-3.

The cities can only subordinate to provinces as a second-tier unit. At the third tier, provincial cities were divided into wards and communes, the latter of which apply to the more suburban parts.

Provincial cities were abolished in 2025 along with other district-level subdivisions.
Ovinishchi
Ovinishchi (Russian: Овинищи) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Ovinishchi, Pytalovsky District, Pskov Oblast, a village in Pytalovsky District, Pskov Oblast

Ovinishchi, Sebezhsky District, Pskov Oblast, a village in Sebezhsky District, Pskov Oblast

Ovinishchi, Krasnokholmsky District, Tver Oblast, a village in Likhachevskoye Rural Settlement of Krasnokholmsky District of Tver Oblast

Ovinishchi, Vesyegonsky District, Tver Oblast, a settlement in Kesemskoye Rural Settlement of Vesyegonsky District of Tver Oblast

Ovinishchi, Vladimir Oblast, a village in Gorokhovetsky District of Vladimir Oblast

Ovinishchi, Yaroslavl Oblast, a village in Shopshinsky Rural Okrug of Gavrilov-Yamsky District of Yaroslavl Oblast

Pytalovsky District
Pytalovsky District (Russian: Пыта́ловский райо́н; Latvian: Pitalovas rajons) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-four in Pskov Oblast, Russia. It is located in the west of the oblast and borders with Palkinsky District in the north, Ostrovsky District in the east, Krasnogorodsky District in the south, and with Kārsava, Baltinava, and Viļaka municipalities of Latvia in the west. The area of the district is 1,111 square kilometers (429 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Pytalovo. Population: 12,083 (2010 Census); 14,853 (2002 Census); 16,167 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Pytalovo accounts for 48.2% of the district's total population.
Antonio García-Trevijano
Antonio García-Trevijano Forte (18 July 1927 – 28 February 2018) was a Spanish republican lawyer, notary public, jurist, philosopher, art critic, author and political activist. Born in Alhama de Granada, he was a prominent figure in the opposition to the Francoist dictatorship.

Manuel Fraga
Manuel Fraga Iribarne (Spanish pronunciation: [maˈnwel ˈfɾaɣajɾiˈβaɾne]; 23 November 1922 – 15 January 2012) was a Spanish professor and politician during the dictatorship of Francisco Franco, and one of the founders of the People's Alliance (Alianza Popular; AP). Fraga was the Minister of Information and Tourism between 1962 and 1969, Ambassador to the United Kingdom between 1973 and 1975, Minister of the Interior in 1975, Second Deputy Prime Minister between 1975 and 1976.

After the fall of the regime, Fraga was one of the Fathers of the Constitution and the President of the People's Alliance/People's Party (PP) between 1979 and 1990. He served as President of Galicia between 1990 and 2005, being a member of the Congress of Deputies and a senator until November 2011. A key political figures in Spain, Fraga was active during both General Francisco Franco's regime and the subsequent transition to representative democracy.
1972 Blue Swords
The 1972 Blue Swords Cup international figure skating competition (Pokal der Blauen Schwerter) was held in Dresden, East Germany. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles and pair skating.

Romy Kermer and Rolf Österreich of East Germany placed second in their first-ever pair skating competition together, while Manuela Groß and Uwe Kagelmann, also from East Germany, won the cup.

Rolf Österreich
Rolf Oesterreich (born 28 November 1952 in Rostock, East Germany) is a German figure skating coach and former competitor. With Romy Kermer, he is the 1976 Olympic silver medalist.

Oesterreich began skating in Berlin. He first teamed up with Marlies Radunsky. From 1972 on he skated with Romy Kermer. He skated for the club SC Dynamo Berlin and was representing East Germany. His coach was Heidemarie Seiner-Walther.

Romy Kermer and Rolf Oesterreich won the silver medal at the Winter Olympics 1976 in Innsbruck. In March 1976, they were both awarded the Patriotic Order of Merit for their Olympic success.

After their figure skating career they married each other. Oesterreich now works as a figure skating coach at the club TUS Stuttgart.
Jim Neversink
Jim Neversink (born Michael James Whitehead; 16 June 1969) is a South African musician, singer and songwriter. His musical style spans indie rock, country, americana and punk.

He is best known as a solo artist who performs with changing line-ups. As such, he has released three albums to critical acclaim. Despite being released on independent labels, two of them were included in lists of best album of the year in South African magazines as well as in Billboard. Three South African newspapers also listed Neversink albums among their albums of the decade.

Before he went solo, Neversink was the co-founder and lead guitarist of Famous Curtain Trick, a country/pop/rock band which rose to mainstream popularity in South Africa in the 1990s and was nominated for a SAMA Award.

His most notable instrument is the guitar, including a home-built lap steel guitar.

Oppikoppi
Oppikoppi was a music festival held in the Limpopo Province of South Africa, near the mining town of Northam. The festival started off focusing mostly on rock music, but gradually added more genres and now plays host to a complete mixed bag of genres. Anything from jazz, world music, house music, acoustic, comedy and all else in between can be heard on one of the multiple stages. Each year in the first week of August — except for 2017, when the festival was held in October — thousands of people used to flock to the farm to camp out in the bush and enjoy the music for several days. The festival features mostly South African bands, although international acts are included in the line-up.
Foulds
Foulds is a surname. People with the surname include:

Adam Foulds (born 1974), British novelist and poet

Bert Foulds (1919–1993), English footballer

Fred Foulds (born 1935), English cricketer

Garry Foulds (born 1956), Australian rules footballer

Geoff Foulds (1939–2025), English snooker player

Gerry Scott Foulds (1944–2007), English production designer

Jim Foulds (born 1937), Canadian politician

John Foulds (1880–1939), English classical music composer

June Foulds (1934–2020), British sprinter

Matty Foulds (born 1998), English footballer

Neal Foulds (born 1963), English snooker player

William C. Foulds (1887–1954), Canadian football Hall of Famer

Fred Foulds
Frederick George Foulds (born 23 April 1935 in Leicester) is an English former cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman.

Foulds made two first-class appearances for Leicestershire against Cambridge University at Fenner's in 1952, and for Sussex at Grace Road in the 1956 County Championship. In four batting innings, he scored just a single run, was dismissed for a duck three times and finished with a batting average of 0.25.
Outline of Bermuda
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Bermuda:

Bermuda – a British overseas territory located in the North Atlantic Ocean.  Located off the east coast of the United States, it is situated around 1770 km (1,100 mi) northeast of Miami, Florida, and 1350 km (840 mi) south of Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. The nearest landmass is Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, about 1030 km (640 mi) west-northwest. Bermuda is the oldest and most populous remaining British overseas territory, having been settled by English forces a century before the Acts of Union created the Kingdom of Great Britain.  Bermuda has a highly affluent economy, with a large financial sector and tourism industry giving it the world's highest GDP per capita in 2005. It has a subtropical climate, beaches with pink sand, and cerulean blue ocean.

Hamilton, Bermuda
Hamilton is the capital city of the British Overseas Territory of Bermuda, and the main settlement of Pembroke Parish. A port city, Hamilton is Bermuda's financial and commercial centre, and a popular tourist destination. Its population of 854 (2016) and its small land area make it one of the smallest capital cities in the world.
Malmi shooting range
Malmi shooting range (Finnish: Malmin ampumarata) was a shooting range in the Malmi district of Helsinki, Finland, active from 1937 to 1993. The shooting range was built by the Finnish Army for the 1937 ISSF World Shooting Championships and was also used in the shooting events of the 1952 Summer Olympics.

During the World War II, Malmi shooting range was an execution site. One of the persons shot in Malmi was Martta Koskinen, the last woman executed in Finland. The shooting range was closed in 1993. Today it is a residential and recreation area which is a part of the Kivikko district.

Finnish Army
The Finnish Army (Finnish: Maavoimat [ˈmɑːˌʋoi̯mɑt], Swedish: Armén) is the land forces branch of the Finnish Defence Forces. The Finnish Army is divided into six branches: infantry (which includes armoured units), field artillery, anti-aircraft artillery, engineers, signals, and materiel troops. The commander of the Finnish Army as of 1 January 2022 is Lieutenant General Pasi Välimäki.
2004 Bihar flood
The 2004 Bihar flood was one of the worst floods in Bihar, India in a decade. 885 people and 3272 animals had lost their lives and nearly 21.299 million human were affected. 20 districts of Bihar were affected. An alarming rise in water level due to heavy rains inundated fresh areas in Bhagalpur district, Begusarai district, Katihar district, Darbhanga district, Samastipur district and Khagaria district. According to the Central Water Commission Bagmati, Budhi Gandak, Kamla Balan, Adhwara, Kosi and Mahananda rivers were flowing above the red mark at various places, while the Ganges crossed the danger mark for the first time at Farakka Barrage.

In Darbhanga, Electricity, Telecommunication, fresh Water Supply was hampered for 3 Months.

Darbhanga district
Darbhanga district is one of the thirty-eight districts of the eastern Indian state of Bihar. The city of Darbhanga is the administrative headquarters of this district and 5th largest city of Bihar as well. Darbhanga district lies in the Darbhanga division, within the historical Mithila region. The district is bounded on the north by Madhubani district, on the south by Samastipur district, on the east by Saharsa district and on the west by Sitamarhi and Muzaffarpur districts. The district covers an area of 2,279 km2 (880 sq mi). There are several locations related to the epic Ramayana. The Ahalya Sthan, Gautam Ashram and Gautam Kund are major destinations for the Ramayana circuit in the district.
SM U-42
SM U-42 was a submarine ordered for construction by the Imperial German Navy. The vessel was designed by the naval engineer Cesare Laurenti, and laid down on 18 August 1913 in Italy at Società FIAT-San Giorgio, Muggiano, La Spezia. It served as the basis for the design of the Pacinotti-class submarines. The vessel was confiscated by the Italian government after entering World War I. The vessel was renamed Balilla and served with the Royal Italian Navy (Regia Marina) until sunk in a battle on 14 July 1916 with two torpedo boats.

La Spezia
La Spezia is a city and municipality at the head of the Gulf of La Spezia in the eastern part of the region of Liguria in Italy, the capital of the Province of La Spezia. With a population of 92,711, it is the 2nd-largest municipality in Liguria and the 52-largest in Italy.

La Spezia is the second-largest city in the Liguria region, after Genoa. Located roughly midway between Genoa and Pisa, on the Ligurian Sea, it is one of the main Italian military and commercial harbours and a major Italian Navy base. A popular seaside resort, it is also a significant railway junction, and is notable for its museums, for the Palio del Golfo rowing race, and for railway and boat links with the Cinque Terre.
Honda TLR200
The Honda Reflex (TLR200) is a dual purpose trials motorcycle sold through 1986 to 1987.  Both year models are exactly the same. 1987 models were left over bikes from 1986, re-badged as 1987 models. In the 1983 Scottish Six Days Trial Kiyoteru Hattori riding the bike won the 151cc-200cc class. "the road to making Hondas challenge of winning the trial championship a reality".  The top speed on the tlr200 is about 70 mph

The Honda Reflex used an XR200 engine in a different frame.  This engine was also used in a three-wheeler made by Honda.

The Reflex also has the tight turning radii typical of trials motorcycles. Its steering column can almost turn completely perpendicular to the bike's frame. It is designed to be a stand up motorcycle, though it does have a seat and lights for road use. With light sprocket modifications it is a functional bike for motorcycle trials.

Honda produced other trials models:

TL125

TL250

TL200E "Seeley"

TLR125

TLR250

Scottish Six Days Trial
The Scottish Six Days Trial is an internationally recognised Motorcycle trials competition, which has been running since 1909 (with breaks for the two world wars) making it the oldest motorcycle trials event in the world. Motorcycle riders from all over the world compete in this extreme sport, covering as much as 100 miles a day on road and off-road routes around Lochaber on each of the six days. The event is a trial of the skill, consistency and endurance of the riders, as well as a test of the specialised motorcycles used.
Okoho
Okoho is the main traditional food peculiar to the Idoma people of Benue State, Central Nigeria. It is made from the plant Cissus populnea belonging to the family Amplidaceae (Vitaceae).

It is a soup made from the Okoho stick which is very slimy after preparation. It is usually prepared with bush meat (such as grass-cutter, alligator and smoked meat etc.) and best served with pounded yam (aka Onihi). It can also be eaten with semolina, eba (made from garri) and yam flour. This soup is usually prepared without the use of oil. It is the most respected and demanded food in all Idoma events such as; traditional weddings, burial ceremonies, birthdays and other  festivities. Okoho soup is highly medicinal and also known for its ability to aid digestion. Other Nigerian tribes such as Igbos and Igalas also refer to it as Okoho, while the stick is known as Ajara or Orogbolo by the Yoruba tribes of northern and southern Nigeria. The Hausas usually call it  Dafara.

Garri
In West Africa, garri (/ˈɡæri/ ⓘ; also known as gari, galli, or gali) is a flour, varying in texture from coarse to fine, made from fresh, starchy cassava root. Its preparation minimizes raw cassava’s content of toxic cyanide. Garri is similar to the cassava-derived farinha de mandioca from Brazil, which is used in many food preparations, including farofa, particularly in the Nordeste region. Cassava is rich in fiber, copper, and magnesium.

In the Hausa language, garri can also refer to flours made from other crops, such as guinea corn, maize, rice, yam, plantain and millet. For example, garin dawa is made from guinea corn, garin masara and garin alkama originate from maize and wheat respectively, and garin magani is a powdered medicine.
Such flours mixed with cold or hot water form a staple part of the diet in Nigeria, Benin, Togo, Ghana, Guinea, Cameroon and Liberia.
Shob Charitro Kalponik
Shob Charitro Kalponik (transl. All Characters are Imaginary; also known as Afterword), is a 2009 Bengali film by Rituparno Ghosh starring Bipasha Basu, Prosenjit Chatterjee and Jisshu Sengupta. It was selected for the 30th Durban International Film Festival and won National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Bengali 2009. It was screened in the Marché du Film section of the 2009 Cannes Film Festival.

2009 Cannes Film Festival
The 62nd Cannes Film Festival  took place from 13 May to 24 May 2009. French actress Isabelle Huppert served as jury president for the main competition. Austrian filmmaker Michael Haneke won the Palme d'Or, the festival's top prize, for the drama film The White Ribbon.

The festival opened with Up by Pete Docter, marking the first time that an animated film opened the festival, and closed with Coco Chanel & Igor Stravinsky by Jan Kounen.

American filmmaker Clint Eastwood became the second recipient of the Honorary Palme d'Or.
Drhovice
Drhovice is a municipality and village in Tábor District in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.

Drhovice lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) west of Tábor, 52 km (32 mi) north of České Budějovice, and 73 km (45 mi) south of Prague.

České Budějovice
České Budějovice (Czech: [ˈtʃɛskɛː ˈbuɟɛjovɪtsɛ] ⓘ; German: Budweis) is a city in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 97,000 inhabitants. The city is located in the valley of the Vltava River, at its confluence with the Malše.

České Budějovice is the largest city in the region and its political and commercial capital, the seat of the Diocese of České Budějovice and the University of South Bohemia. It is famous for the Budweiser Budvar Brewery. The historic city centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument reservation.
Liquid cargo barge
Liquid cargo barges are barges that transport petrochemicals, such as styrene, benzene and methanol; liquid fertilizer, including anhydrous ammonia; refined products, including gasoline, diesel fuel, and jet fuel; black oil products, such as asphalt, No. 6 fuel oil and coker fuel; and pressurized products, such as liquefied petroleum gases and butadiene, which are transported on the waterways from producers to end users.

In Russia, Volgotanker operated a fleet of liquid cargo barges on the Volga River system until 2008.

Methanol
Methanol (also called methyl alcohol, wood alcohol, and wood spirit, amongst other names) is an organic chemical compound and the simplest aliphatic alcohol, with the chemical formula CH3OH (a methyl group linked to a hydroxyl group, often abbreviated as MeOH). It is a light, volatile, colorless and flammable liquid with a distinctive alcoholic odor similar to that of ethanol (potable alcohol), but is more acutely toxic than the latter.
Methanol acquired the name wood alcohol because it was once produced through destructive distillation of wood. Today, methanol is mainly produced industrially by hydrogenation of carbon monoxide.

Methanol consists of a methyl group linked to a polar hydroxyl group. With more than 20 million tons produced annually, it is used as a precursor to other commodity chemicals, including formaldehyde, acetic acid, methyl tert-butyl ether, methyl benzoate, anisole, peroxyacids, as well as a host of more specialized chemicals.
Ministry of Higher Education (Afghanistan)
The Afghan Ministry of Higher Education (Dari: وزارت تحصیلات عالی, Pashto: د افغانستان د لوړو زده کړو وزارت) is the Government ministry that is in charge of regulating, expanding, and developing Afghanistan's institutions of higher education.

The Ministry is responsible for the training of teachers and for establishing a national higher education curriculum as well as special education programs such as in-service training and promoting further education for university faculty members.

The Ministry also develops partnerships with international universities, organizes seminars and conferences, ensures that residential accommodation is available for students and teachers of universities and provides expertise and training in accounting, management procedures, and computer literacy.

Cabinet of Afghanistan
The Cabinet of Afghanistan (also known as the Council of Ministers) is the executive body of the government of the country, responsible for day-to-day governance and the implementation of policy set by the Leadership. In its modern form it has existed since the beginning of the reign of Emir Amanullah Khan in 1919.

The cabinet is headed by the prime minister—who serves as the nation's head of government—and his deputies, and consists of the heads and deputy heads of the government ministries.
Pà Vầy Sủ
Pà Vầy Sủ is a commune (xã) of Tuyên Quang Province, Vietnam.

The entire natural area and population of Cốc Pài Township and the communes of Nàn Ma, Bản Ngò, and Pà Vầy Sủ are rearranged to form a new commune named Pà Vầy Sủ Commune.

Commune-level town
Commune-level town (Vietnamese: thị trấn), a type of third tier subdivision of Vietnam is divided into 11,162 units along with ward and commune have equal status. By virtue of Decree No. 42/2009/ND-CP, townships are officially classified into Class-2, Class-3, Class-4 or Class-5. On 1 July 2025, as a result of a constitutional amendment and related legislation, all Commune-level towns ceased to exist.

The townships can only subordinate to district as the Third Tier unit.
Richard Jones (footballer, born 1878)
Richard Jones  (1878 – 1938) was a Welsh international footballer. He was part of the Wales national football team, playing 2 matches. He played his first match on 3 February 1900 against Scotland and his last match on 24 February 1900 against Ireland. At club level, he played for Druids.

Druids F.C.
Druids F.C. were a football club based in the village of Ruabon near Wrexham, Wales. The club was founded in October 1872 as Ruabon Rovers F.C. by David Thomson and his brother, George, of Ruabon. In 1874 the club became Plasmadoc F.C. before changing their name to Druids F.C. in 1876.

Druids are notable as becoming the first Welsh club to enter the English FA Cup and Birmingham & District League and winning the Welsh Cup eight times.

Their traditional home was Wynnstay Park on the Wynnstay Estate, and their traditional colours were white shirts, black shorts with either black and cerise or simply black socks.