hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ralph Erskine Cleland
Ralph Erskine Cleland (20 October 1892 – 11 June 1971) was an American botanist. In 1947, he was the President of the Botanical Society of America. He was also a professor at the Department of Botany at Indiana University.

Cleland's most seminal field of research concerned the genetics of the plant genus Oenothera.  He discovered the structures of linked rings of meiotic chromosomes (not to be confused with ring chromosomes) that, by their interference with functions such as chromosomal crossover explained the unusual genetics and reproduction of plants in the genus Oenothera.

He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1932 and both the United States National Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1942.

Ring chromosome
A ring chromosome is an aberrant chromosome whose ends have fused together to form a ring. Ring chromosomes were first observed in Drosophila by Lilian Vaughan Morgan in 1926 and in maize by Barbara McClintock in 1931. A ring chromosome is denoted by the symbol r in human genetics and R in Drosophila genetics. Ring chromosomes may form in cells following genetic damage by mutagens like radiation, but they may also arise spontaneously during development.
2008 Australian Film Institute Awards
The 50th Annual Australian Film Institute Awards were presented at a ceremony in Melbourne's Princess Theatre on 5 and 6 December 2008. During the ceremony, the Australian Film Institute presented Australian Film Institute Awards (commonly referred to as AFI Awards) in 40 categories including feature films, television, animation and documentaries. It was hosted by Stephen Curry.

The nominees for Best Documentary, Best Short Fiction Film and Best Short Animation were announced on 7 August, whilst the rest were announced at the Nominations Announcement at the Sydney Theatre Company in Walsh Bay on 29 October. The Black Balloon had the most nominations, with a total of 11 including Best Film.

AACTA Award for Best Film
The AACTA Award for Best Film is an award presented by the Australian Academy of Cinema and Television Arts (AACTA) at the annual AACTA Awards, which hand out accolades for achievements in feature film, television, documentaries, and short films. The inaugural award was presented in 1969 by the Australian Film Institute, becoming a competitive award in 1976. Since 2011 it has awarded by the Academy, established by the AFI in 2010.

From 2016 until 2020, the category adopted the name of its sponsor, Foxtel, as category name, being called AACTA Award for Best Film Presented by Foxtel.
Salut les copains (album series)
Salut les copains is a series of albums released through Universal Music France to commemorate the best of music featured in French scene as sponsored by the "Salut les copains" radio program in France and the French Salut les copains magazine.

The tracks include French original singles, French-language covers of known hits as well as European and American hits popular in France. The track list is a representative wide selection of the "Yé-yé" generation of French music.

Salut les copains (radio program)
Salut les copains was a famous French variety pop music radio program broadcast between 1959 and 1969, from Monday to Friday for 2 hours (5 to 7 pm) on French radio station Europe 1. It was known to have originally promoted and launched the success of the French musical genre of yé-yé.
Abdi Dini
Abditatch "Abdi" Fatah Dini (born 1 January 1981) is a professional Canadian wheelchair basketball player. He is currently on the Canadian Team and has won numerous medals in his international career. He has also received the Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal.

Wheelchair basketball
Wheelchair basketball is a style of basketball played using a sports wheelchair. The International Wheelchair Basketball Federation (IWBF) is the governing body for this sport. It is recognized by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC) as the sole competent authority in wheelchair basketball worldwide. FIBA has recognized IWBF under Article 53 of its General Statutes.

The IWBF has 95 National Organizations for Wheelchair Basketball (NOWBs) participating in wheelchair basketball throughout the world, with this number increasing each year. It is estimated that more than 100,000 people play wheelchair basketball from recreation to club play and as elite national team members.

Wheelchair basketball is included in the Paralympic Games. The Wheelchair Basketball World Championship is played two years after every Paralympic Games. Major competition in wheelchair basketball comes from Canada, Australia, the United States, Great Britain, the Netherlands, and Japan.
Institute F.C.
Institute Football Club is a Northern Irish semi-professional association football club playing in the NIFL Championship. The club, founded in 1905, currently play their home matches at the Ryan McBride Brandywell Stadium, Derry. Club colours are sky blue and maroon. The club is managed by Peter Hutton.

North West Senior Cup (football)
The North West Senior Cup or North West Cup is a senior football competition in Northern Ireland run by the North West Football Association. Senior and intermediate teams from the North West FA's jurisdiction (which covers County Londonderry and parts of County Tyrone), are entitled to enter. It originated as the County Londonderry F.A. Cup in 1886–87 but became the North West Cup in 1892.
Abhishek Gupta (cricketer)
Abhishek Gupta (born 30 September 1990) is an Indian cricketer. He made his first-class debut for Punjab in the 2017–18 Ranji Trophy on 6 October 2017, scoring a century. He made his Twenty20 debut for Punjab in the 2017–18 Zonal T20 League on 9 January 2018. He made his List A debut for Punjab in the 2017–18 Vijay Hazare Trophy on 7 February 2018.

In June 2018, the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) gave him a retrospective eight-month doping ban. The following month, he was named in the squad for India Red for the 2018–19 Duleep Trophy. However, he was withdrawn from the squad and replaced by Akshay Wadkar.

Punjab cricket team (India)
The Punjab cricket team is a first-class cricket team that represents the Indian state of Punjab. They have qualified for only one Ranji Trophy semi-final in the last five seasons and made it to the final in the 2004–05 tournament, where they lost to Railways in the first innings. They also play in other domestic cricket tournaments in India. They have been winners of the Ranji Trophy only once, in the 1992–93 season. In 2023-24, they won their maiden Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy.
4th Bodil Awards
The 4th Bodil Awards ceremony was held on 30 April 1951 in Copenhagen, Denmark, honouring the best national and foreign films of 1950. The event took place in the World Cinema where Born Yesterday had its Danish premiere as part of the celebrations.

Bodil Ipsen and Lau Lauritzen, Jr. won their second Bodil for Best Danish Film in the 4-years history of the awards for Café Paradis. Preben Lerdorff Rye won the award for Best Leading Actor for his role in I gabestokken while Ib Schønberg won the award for Best Supporting Actor for his role in Café Paradis. Best Leading and Supporting Actresses were not awarded. Finance minister H. C. Hansen received the first ever Honorary Bodil Award for lowering film taxes.

Circus Building, Copenhagen
The Circus Building (Danish: Cirkusbygningen) on Axel Torv in Copenhagen, Denmark. is a circular building completed in 1886 to serve as a venue for circus performances. The last circus to use the building was in 1990.
Leprocaulon beechingii
Leprocaulon beechingii is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), leprose lichen in the family Leprocaulaceae. Found in the southern Appalachian Mountains of eastern North America, it was formally described as a new species in 2020 by lichenologist James Lendemer. Its main distinguishing physical characteristic is the placodioid thallus of the normandinoides-type, with raised, crisp margins. Chemically, it contains the secondary chemical products zeorin and usnic acid. The latter of these substances gives the thallus a greenish-yellow colouration.

Lichen product
Lichen products, also known as lichen substances, are organic compounds produced by a lichen. Specifically, they are secondary metabolites. Lichen products are represented in several different chemical classes, including terpenoids, orcinol derivatives, chromones, xanthones, depsides, and depsidones. Over 1000 lichen products of known chemical structure have been reported in the scientific literature, and most of these compounds are exclusively found in lichens. Examples of lichen products include usnic acid (a dibenzofuran), atranorin (a depside), lichexanthone (a xanthone), salazinic acid (a depsidone), and isolichenan, an α-glucan. Many lichen products have biological activity, and research into these effects is ongoing.
A.P.S. Aspida Xanthi
A.P.S. Aspida Xanthi (Athletic and Cultural Club Aspida Xanthi) is an athletic club in the city of Xanthi, Greece. It was founded in 1922. It maintains departments of football and basketball. Its name means shield and its colours are cyan and white.

The football team of the club participated in the 1939–40 Panhellenic Championship. During the next decades the team was playing mostly in the Second Division, while in the 1956–57 Greek Cup was eliminated at the quarter-finals.

In 1967, the team was merged with the other football club of the city, Orfeas Xanthi, and formed Xanthi However, after the end of the Greek military junta, the football team was formed again.

1956–57 Greek Football Cup
The 1956–57 Greek Football Cup was the 15th edition of the Greek Football Cup. The competition culminated with the Greek Cup Final, held at Karaiskakis Stadium, on 29 July 1957. The match was contested by Olympiacos and Iraklis, with Olympiacos winning by 2–0.
Richmond Parish, New Brunswick
Richmond is a geographic parish in Carleton County, New Brunswick, Canada, located west of Woodstock.

Prior to the 2023 governance reform, for governance purposes it was comprised one local service district (LSD) and parts of two others, all of which were members of the Western Valley Regional Service Commission (WVRSC).

The census subdivision of Richmond Parish shares the geographic parish's borders.

2023 New Brunswick local governance reform
Local governance reform in the Canadian province of New Brunswick was implemented on January 1, 2023. This resulted in a significant reorganization of the local government entities in the province, including a reduction in the number of entities from 340 to 89, consisting of 77 local governments and 12 rural districts nested within 12 regional service commissions. The local governance reform review was commenced by the Government of New Brunswick in January 2021 and was promoted as the most consequential restructuring of the local governance system since Premier Robichaud's Equal Opportunity Program.
Tržič Bistrica
The Tržič Bistrica (Slovene: Tržiška Bistrica) is a river in Upper Carniola, Slovenia. The river is 27 kilometres (17 mi) in length. It starts in the Karawanks, runs through the Dovžan Gorge and the town of Tržič, and joins the Sava near the village of Podbrezje.

Upper Carniola
Littoral

Carniola: 2a Upper, 2b Inner, 2c Lower

Carinthia

Styria

Prekmurje

Upper Carniola (Slovene: Gorenjska pronounced [ɡɔˈɾèːnska]; Italian: Alta Carniola; German: Oberkrain) is a traditional region of Slovenia, the northern mountainous part of the larger Carniola region. The largest town in the region is Kranj, and other urban centers include Kamnik, Jesenice, Domžale and Škofja Loka. It has around 300,000 inhabitants or 14% of the population of Slovenia.
New Secret
The 74 m (243 ft) superyacht New Secret was launched by Amels Holland B.V. at their yard in Vlissingen. She was designed by Tim Heywood, and the interior design was created by Winch Design. She is one of eight Amels 242 Limited Edition built between 2016 and 2024. She was delivered to her owner, Lopes Family of São Paulo, Brazil, in June 2019.

Damen Group
The Damen Group is a Dutch defence, shipbuilding, and engineering conglomerate company based in Gorinchem, Netherlands.
Though it is a major international group doing business in 120 countries, it remains a private family-owned company.

Damen Shipyards Group is a globally operating company with more than 50 shipyards, repair yards, and related companies − as well as numerous partner yards that can build Damen vessels locally.  Since 1969 it has designed and built more than 5,000 vessels and delivers over 150 vessels annually. With over 30 shipyards and related companies worldwide, Damen is involved in ship construction as well as maintenance and repair activities.  It has a wide product range, including warships, patrol craft, tugs, workboats,  cargo vessels, dredgers, superyachts and fast ferries. Product design and engineering are carried out in-house and a broad range of designs are available.
1996–97 Women's National Soccer League
The 1996–97 Women's National Soccer League was the first season of the Women's National Soccer League, the former top Australian women's professional soccer league, since its establishment in 1996. Sponsored by Ansett Airlines, it was the first organized Australia-wide female football competition.

Ansett Australia
Ansett Australia, originally Ansett Airways, was a major Australian airline group based in Melbourne, Victoria. The company operated domestically within Australia, and from the 1990s, to destinations in Asia. Following 65 years of operation, the airline went into administration in 2001 following a financial collapse and subsequent liquidation in 2002, subject to a deed of company arrangement. Ansett's last flight touched down on 5 March 2002.
Colin Bundy
Colin James Bundy (born 4 October 1944) is a South African historian, former principal of Green Templeton College, Oxford and former SOAS University of London director. Bundy was an influential member of a generation of historians who substantially revised our understanding of South African history. In particular, he wrote on South Africa's rural past from a predominantly Marxist perspective, but also deploying Africanist and underdevelopment theories. Since the mid-1990s, however, Bundy has held a series of posts in university administration. Bundy is also a trustee of the Canon Collins Educational & Legal Assistance Trust.

International Defence and Aid Fund
The International Defence and Aid Fund or IDAF (also the Defence Aid Fund for Southern Africa) was a fund created by John Collins during the 1956 Treason Trial in South Africa. After learning of those accused of treason for protesting against apartheid, including Nelson Mandela, Collins created the fund in order to pay all legal expenses and look after the families of those on trial. The group was non-partisan.

This was one of the first examples of foreign intervention against apartheid in South Africa and proved very successful with over £75,000 being raised towards defending those accused. Ultimately all were acquitted

In 1981, the Defence Aid Fund for Southern Africa founded Canon Collins Trust, now known as Canon Collins Educational & Legal Assistance Trust.
Colin McNeil
Colin McNeil (born 21 December 1972 in  Lanark, Scotland) is a former professional boxer.

He won a bronze medal at the 1998 Commonwealth Games in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, and also competed in the 2002 Commonwealth Games.

McNeil began boxing professionally late in his life, making his debuting during 2004 at the age of 32. He participated in The Contender Challenge: UK vs. USA, facing Cornelius Bundrage. He was also scheduled to face his Contender team-mate, Ross Minter in June 2007.

The Contender Challenge: UK vs. USA
The Contender Challenge: UK vs. USA is a series of boxing matches on 30 March 2007, held at Metro Radio Arena, Newcastle, England. Six boxers from the US reality television shows The Contender and The Contender 2, in a team coached by Sugar Ray Leonard, took on six boxers from the UK, all promoted by Frank Warren, and coached by Barry McGuigan. The winning team was awarded the "Sugar Ray Leonard Cup", not unlike the Ryder Cup in Golf

The bouts was the basis of a TV series broadcast in the US by ESPN and in the UK by ITV4, with six episodes, beginning on 10 April 2007, with commentary by the well-known ESPN team of Joe Tessitore and Teddy Atlas, with the British boxing commentator John Rawling joining. Leonard and McGuigan provided some analysis through the fight as well.

The master of ceremonies throughout the tournament was Michael Pass.
William G. Hummell
William Granville Hummell (February 19, 1882 – 1962) was an American college football coach and university professor. He served as the head football coach at New Mexico State University–then known as the New Mexico College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts–in 1908, compiling a record of 4–2, while he was working as an agronomy instructor at the school. He was a 1907 graduate of the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, where he was a member of the class football team.

Hummell later served as a faculty member at a number of locations, including Oxnard High School in Oxnard, California, Fresno State University, Colorado State University, and the University of California, Berkeley.

Agronomy
Agronomy is the science and technology of producing and using plants by agriculture for food, fuel, fiber, chemicals, recreation, or land conservation. Agronomy has come to include research of plant genetics, plant physiology, meteorology, and soil science. It is the application of a combination of sciences such as biology, chemistry, economics, ecology, earth science, and genetics. Professionals in the field are known as agronomists.
Ivor Barry
Ivor Barry (12 April 1919 – 12 December 2006) was a Welsh film and television actor.

Born in South Wales, Barry served with the British Royal Artillery during World War II and completed his university studies prior to beginning his acting career. After bit parts in England, he moved to Canada in the early 1950s where he also wrote and adapted scripts for radio as well acting in television. He eventually moved to Hollywood in the 1960s, and made many television and film appearances over the next 25 years.

He played the part of Wyatt (Ilan Mitchell-Smith) and Chet (Bill Paxton) Donnelly's grandfather in the 1985 film Weird Science.

Barry's television appearances included Bonanza, Daniel Boone, Bewitched, Hawaii Five-O, Mission: Impossible, The Six Million Dollar Man, Fantasy Island, Punky Brewster, and Highway to Heaven.

He died of heart failure in Woodland Hills, Los Angeles, on 12 December 2006, aged 87.

Punky Brewster
Punky Brewster is an American sitcom television series about a young girl (Soleil Moon Frye) being raised by a foster parent (George Gaynes) in Chicago. The show ran on NBC from September 16, 1984, to March 9, 1986, and again in syndication from October 30, 1987, to May 27, 1988.

Punky Brewster spawned an animated spin-off, It's Punky Brewster. The series featured the original cast voicing their respective characters. The cartoon was produced by Ruby-Spears, and aired on NBC from September 14, 1985, to December 6, 1986.

In 2020, NBC confirmed a 10-episode revival to air on its Peacock streaming service. Frye returned, as did original cast member Cherie Johnson. The revival premiered on February 25, 2021.
Scheib
Scheib is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Carl Scheib (1927–2018), American baseball player

Earl Scheib (1908–1992), American car-painting business founder

Israel Scheib, birth name of Israel Eldad (1910–1996), Israeli philosopher

Jay Scheib (born 1969), American stage director, playwright and artist

Skippy Scheib (1903–1989), American football player

Walter Scheib (1954–2015), American chef

Carl Scheib
Carl Alvin Scheib (January 1, 1927 – March 24, 2018) was a professional baseball pitcher for the Philadelphia Athletics (1943–1945 and 1947–1954) and St. Louis Cardinals (1954) of Major League Baseball (MLB). Scheib batted and threw right handed.

On September 26, 1943, pitched the final inning of the Athletics' game versus the St. Louis Browns, allowing two hits and zero earned runs with one strikeout. Aged 16 years and 268 days, Scheib is the youngest pitcher to record a strikeout in baseball history.
1995–96 UEFA Champions League group stage
The group stage of the 1995–96 UEFA Champions League began on 13 September 1995 and ended on 6 December 1995. Eight teams qualified automatically for the group stage, while eight more qualified via a preliminary round. The 16 teams were divided into four groups of four, and the teams in each group played against each other on a home-and-away basis, meaning that each team played a total of six group matches. For each win, teams were awarded three points (the first time this was in place), with one point awarded for each draw. At the end of the group stage, the two teams in each group with the most points advanced to the quarter-finals.

Three points for a win
Three points for a win is a standard used in many sports leagues and group tournaments, especially in association football, in which 3 points are awarded to the team winning a match, with no points awarded to the losing team. If the game is drawn, each team receives 1 point. Many leagues and competitions originally awarded 2 points for a win and 1 point for a draw, before switching to the three points for a win system. The change is significant in league tables, where teams typically play 30–40 games per season. The system places additional value on wins compared to draws so that teams with a higher number of wins may rank higher in tables than teams with a lower number of wins but more draws.
Eugénie hat
A Eugénie hat (sometimes also eugenie hat, Empress Eugenie hat or empress hat) is a small women's hat that is usually worn tilted forwards over the face, or it may be angled low over one eye. Typically, it is made of velvet or felt, although a variety of materials may be used. The classic design also has a plume of feathers, although other trims may be used.

It first became popular in the mid 19th century and was named after the French empress Eugénie de Montijo, a fashion trendsetter whose taste was much admired and copied. In the early 1930s an adapted version worn by Greta Garbo in the film Romance inspired a wave of similar styles. By 1932, the feather-trimmed small hat had become ubiquitous and was widely criticised by the press – especially in the United States – with some commentators predicting its rapid demise. Despite the criticisms, its tilted shape and jaunty feather trim influenced millinery styles for the succeeding decade.

Velvet
Velvet is a type of woven fabric with a dense, even pile that gives it a distinctive soft feel. Historically, velvet was typically made from silk. Modern velvet can be made from silk, linen, cotton, wool, synthetic fibers, silk-cotton blends, or synthetic-natural fiber blends.
Matsushita JR series
The National JR series (including some models also sold as the Panasonic JR) was a line of 8-bit personal computers developed by Matsushita Communication Industrial Co., Ltd., a division of Matsushita Electric Industrial (now Panasonic). Based on the success of the Sharp MZ and NEC PC-8000 series, these computers aimed primarily at the home computer and educational markets during the early 1980s.

The JR series included four computer models: the JR-100, the JR-200, the JR-300 and the JR-800. All four were sold under Matsushita's 'National' brand; the JR-100 and JR-200U were also sold elsewhere as 'Panasonic' (another Matsushita brand).

The JR series found a strong foothold in Japanese schools, particularly the JR-200, which became a standard machine for teaching programming in BASIC.

National (brand)
National (ナショナル, Nashonaru) was a brand used by Panasonic Corporation (formerly Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.) to sell home appliances, personal appliances, and industrial appliances.

Several similarly-named companies exist, such as National Cash Register, National Semiconductor, National Car Rental, National Book Store and National Grid Corporation of the Philippines, but none of them are related to the National brand.