hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dincklage
The Dincklage family (German pronunciation: [ˈdɪŋkˌlaːɡə]) is a German noble family of Westphalian ancient nobility from Dinklage near Vechta, Lower Saxony.
There are currently still two lines of the family: the Campe line and the Schulenburg line. 
The family is first attested in 1231 with Johannes de Thinclage. The males of the family carry the title Baron or Freiherr.

Vechta
Vechta (German pronunciation: [ˈfɛçta] ⓘ; Northern Low Saxon: Vechte) is the capital and largest city of the Vechta district in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is home to the University of Vechta.

It is known for the 'Stoppelmarkt' fair, which takes place every summer and has a history dating back to 1298. With an attendance of 800,000 visitors it is one of the biggest annual fairs in north-western Germany.

In the recent past, the town was known as a centre of far-northern German Catholicism.
Illinois's 15th congressional district
Illinois' 15th congressional district is a U.S. congressional district located in the state of Illinois. Situated in central Illinois, the district is predominantly rural. It was located in eastern and southeastern Illinois until 2022. It has been represented by Republican Mary Miller since 2021.

With a Cook Partisan Voting Index rating of R+20, it is one of the most Republican-leaning districts in Illinois. In most of the district, there are no elected Democrats above the county level, and Donald Trump carried over 65% of the district's vote in all of his bids for president.

Glen Carbon, Illinois
Glen Carbon is a village in Madison County, Illinois, United States, 14 miles (23 km) northeast of St. Louis. It is part of the St. Louis metropolitan area. The population was 13,842 at the 2020 census.
Free Your Mind... and Your Ass Will Follow
Free Your Mind... and Your Ass Will Follow is the second studio album by American funk rock band Funkadelic, released on July 20, 1970, by Westbound Records. It charted at No. 92 in the US, the band's highest-charting album release until 1978's One Nation Under a Groove, and included the No. 82 single "I Wanna Know If It's Good to You?"

George Clinton (funk musician)
George Edward Clinton (born July 22, 1941) is an American singer, songwriter, record producer and bandleader. His Parliament-Funkadelic collective (which primarily recorded under the distinct band names Parliament and Funkadelic) developed an influential and eclectic form of funk music during the 1970s that drew on Afrofuturism, outlandish fashion, psychedelia, and surreal humor. He launched his solo career with the 1982 album Computer Games and would go on to influence 1990s hip-hop and G-funk.

Clinton is regarded, along with James Brown and Sly Stone, as one of the foremost innovators of funk music. He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1997, alongside 15 other members of Parliament-Funkadelic. In 2019, he and Parliament-Funkadelic were given Grammy Lifetime Achievement Awards.
Mohammad Tofiq Rahim
Mohammad Tofiq Rahim (Kurdish: محه‌مه‌د تۆفیق ره‌حیم) (born 1953) is an Iraqi Kurdish politician. Born in Sulaymaniyah city in 1953, Rahim is currently the secretary of the internal departments of Iraqi Kurdistan's largest opposition grouping Movement for Change.

Patriotic Union of Kurdistan
The Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK; Kurdish: یەکێتیی نیشتمانیی کوردستان, romanized: Yekêtîy Nîştimanîy Kurdistan) is a centre-left regionalist political party active in Kurdistan Region and the disputed territories in Iraq.The PUK describes its goals as self-determination, human rights, democracy and peace for the Kurdish people of Kurdistan and Iraq. The PUK is currently under the leadership of Bafel Talabani. The PUK was founded in 1975 by Adel Murad, Jalal Talabani, Nawshirwan Mustafa, Fuad Masum, Ali Askari and Abdul Razaq Feyli Dawood Mohammed Ali. All presidents of Iraq under the 2005 constitution have been from this party.
Juan Fernández de Híjar y Cabrera
Juan Fernández de Híjar y Cabrera  (ca. 1419 - 27 November 1491) was a Spanish noble of the House of Híjar. He was the son of Juan Fernández de Híjar, the fifth Baron of Hijar and first lord of Lécera (title which he purchased). His mother was Juan Fernandez' second wife, Timbor de Cabrera, daughter of Bernardo de Cabrera, first Count of Módica, XXIV Viscount of Cabrera, XXVI Viscount of Bas, and II Viscount of Osuna.

Juan Fernández was the first Count of Aliaga and Duke of Aliaga. The title of Count of Aliaga, along with a title of lordship over Castellote, was granted to Juan Fernández by John II of Aragon as a compensation and restitution bonus after peace was made in a war for power between Carlos de Viana, King John II's son and the king. Juan Fernández had fought on the side of the king's illegitimate son.

His title of Count of Aliaga was later upgraded by Ferdinand II of Aragon (El Catolico) to the status of Dukedom in 1487.

Viscounty of Bas
The Viscounty of Besalú, or Bas (from the Latin Basso), was the sub-comital authority in the county of Besalú during the Middle Ages. It was ruled by the House of Cervera (also called Cerveró(n) or Cervelló(n), from the Latin Cervaria).

Circa 1293, during disputes with Ponç Hug IV, Count of Empúries, James II of Aragon first seized the viscounty, allowing Hugh V of Bas to buy it back, partially with Hug's aid against James II of Majorca. James seized it again in 1300 and 1315. In 1353, Peter IV of Aragon awarded the viscounty to the House of Cabrera.
Federal Correctional Institution, Waseca
The Federal Correctional Institution, Waseca (FCI Waseca) is a low-security United States federal prison for female offenders in Minnesota. It is operated by the Federal Bureau of Prisons, a division of the United States Department of Justice. The site, located 75 miles (121 km) from Minneapolis, was converted into a prison in 1992 after formerly serving as a University of Minnesota campus.

Federal prison
A federal prison is operated under the jurisdiction of a federal government as opposed to a state or provincial body. Federal prisons are used for people who violated federal law (U.S., Mexico), people considered dangerous (Brazil), or those sentenced to longer terms of imprisonment (Canada). Not all federated countries have a legal concept of "federal prison".
Thomas Spencer (mathematical physicist)
Thomas C. Spencer (born December 24, 1946) is an American mathematical physicist, known in particular for important contributions to constructive quantum field theory, statistical mechanics, and spectral theory of random operators. He is an emeritus faculty member at the Institute for Advanced Study.

Mathematical physics
Mathematical physics is the development of mathematical methods for application to problems in physics. The Journal of Mathematical Physics defines the field as "the application of mathematics to problems in physics and the development of mathematical methods suitable for such applications and for the formulation of physical theories". An alternative definition would also include those mathematics that are inspired by physics, known as physical mathematics.
Sidakeni
18°26′51″S 29°28′39″E﻿ / ﻿18.4475°S 29.4775°E﻿ / -18.4475; 29.4775

Sidakeni Ward is ward number 7 of the 33 wards
in Zibagwe Rural District Council of Kwekwe District. It is in Zhombe
Communinal
Land in Midlands Province of Zimbabwe. It is 92 km north-west-north of Kwekwe and 64 km south-west of Kadoma.

Kwekwe
Kwekwe (/ˈkwɛkwɛ/ KWEH-kweh), formerly known as Que Que, is a city in the Midlands province in central Zimbabwe. The city has a population of 119,863 within the city limits, as of the 2022 census, making it the 7th-largest city in Zimbabwe and the second-most populous city in the Midlands, behind Gweru.
Lipusz
Lipusz [ˈlipuʂ], Formerly "Lippusch", is a village in Kościerzyna County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Lipusz. It is located within the ethnocultural region of Kashubia in the historic region of Pomerania.

Lipusz was a royal village of the Polish Crown, administratively located in the Tczew County in the Pomeranian Voivodeship.

During the German occupation of Poland (World War II), in 1939, the Germans carried out a massacre of 20 Poles from Lipusz, including railwaymen, farmers, millers, a secretary of the local forestry, a teacher and a postman, in the nearby forest (see Intelligenzaktion). Families of the victims were expelled. Some Poles from Lipusz were also murdered in the forest near Skarszewy, and further expulsions of Poles were carried out in 1943 and 1944. The expellees were either deported to forced labour or to the General Government.

Pomeranian Voivodeship (1466–1772)
The Pomeranian Voivodeship (Polish: Województwo pomorskie, German: Woiwodschaft Pommerellen) was a unit of administrative division and local government in the Kingdom of Poland and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth from 1454/1466 until the First partition of Poland in 1772. From 1613 the capital was at Skarszewy (Schöneck).

The voivodeship comprised the westernmost part of the autonomous province of Royal Prussia and, after the Union of Lublin in 1569, the northernmost part of the Greater Poland Province.
Allium ledebourianum
Allium ledebourianum is an Asian species of wild onion native to central and northeastern Asia: Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Russia (Altay Krai, Khabarovsk, Primorye, Sakhalin), and China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang). It occurs at elevations up to 1800 m elevation.

Allium ledebourianum has a cluster of narrow bulbs up to 20 mm across. Scapes are up to 100 cm tall. Leaves are tubular, shorter than the scape. Umbel is hemispheric, densely crowded with many purple flowers; tepals pale purple with darker purple midvein.

Formerly included

Allium ledebourianum var. maximowiczii (Regel) Q.S.Sun, now called Allium maximowiczii Regel

Altai Krai
Altai Krai (Russian: Алтайский край, IPA: [ɐlˈtajskʲɪj kraj]) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai). It borders, clockwise from the west, Kazakhstan (East Kazakhstan Region, Abai Region and Pavlodar Region), Novosibirsk and Kemerovo, and the Altai Republic. Its administrative centre is the city of Barnaul. As of the 2021 Census, the population of the krai was 2,163,693.
John Swynnerton
Sir John Swynnerton (died 8 December 1616) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons  between 1601 and 1611. He was Lord Mayor of London in 1612.

He was born the son of John Swynnerton of Dudleston, Shropshire.

Swynnerton was a member of the Worshipful Company of Merchant Taylors. In 1601, he was elected Member of Parliament for Petersfield. He was elected alderman of the City of London for Cripplegate ward on 22 June 1602 and was Sheriff of London from 1602 to 1603. He was knighted on 26 July 1603.

In 1604, he was elected MP for East Grinstead  and sat until 1611. From 1606 to 1607 he was Master of the Merchant Taylors Company, hosting a great banquet for King James I at Merchant Taylors' Hall. 
He was elected Lord Mayor of London in 1612. In 1616 he was colonel in the South Regiment Trained Bands.

On his death in 1616 he was buried at St Mary Aldermanbury.

East Grinstead (UK Parliament constituency)
East Grinstead was a parliamentary constituency in the Kingdom of England, the Kingdom of Great Britain, and the United Kingdom. It first existed as a Parliamentary borough from 1307, returning two Members of Parliament to the House of Commons elected by the bloc vote system. The borough was disfranchised under the Reform Act 1832, but the name was revived at the 1885 election when the Redistribution of Seats Act created a new single-member county division of the same name.

Upon its abolition for the 1983 election, its territory was divided between Mid Sussex and Wealden.
Outline of cell biology
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to cell biology:

Cell biology – A branch of biology that includes study of cells regarding their physiological properties, structure, and function; the organelles they contain; interactions with their environment; and their life cycle, division, and death. This is done both on a microscopic and molecular level. Cell biology research extends to both the great diversities of single-celled organisms like bacteria and the complex specialized cells in multicellular organisms like humans. Formerly, the field was called cytology (from Greek κύτος, kytos, "a hollow;" and -λογία, -logia).

Ribosomal RNA
Ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) is a type of non-coding RNA which is the primary component of ribosomes, essential to all cells. rRNA is a ribozyme which carries out protein synthesis in ribosomes. Ribosomal RNA is transcribed from ribosomal DNA (rDNA) and then bound to ribosomal proteins to form small and large ribosome subunits. rRNA is the physical and mechanical factor of the ribosome that forces transfer RNA (tRNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA) to process and translate the latter into proteins. Ribosomal RNA is the predominant form of RNA found in most cells; it makes up about 80% of cellular RNA despite never being translated into proteins itself. Ribosomes are composed of approximately 60% rRNA and 40% ribosomal proteins, though this ratio differs between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Blockführer
Blockführer (Block Leader; female rank name: Blockführerin) was a paramilitary title specific to the SS-Death's Head Units in Concentration Camp Service.  An SS-Block Leader was typically in charge of prisoner barracks ranging from two hundred to three hundred concentration camp prisoners; in larger camps, the number of prisoners could reach as high as a thousand. The Block Leader was in charge of daily attendance, supervising daily work details, and distributing rations to prisoners.  Assisting in this case were several prisoner trustees, known as kapos.  The position of Block Leader was usually held by an SS soldier holding the rank of SS-Corporal or non-commissioned officer rank of SS-Sergeant.

In the Nazi death camps, the task of gassing prisoners with Zyklon B was performed by a Block Leader.

A similar title, known as Blockleiter (Block Warden), also existed in the Nazi Party political organization.

Scharführer
Scharführer ([ˈʃaːɐ̯fyːʁɐ], lit. 'Squad leader') was a title or rank used in early 20th century German military terminology. In German, Schar was one term for the smallest sub-unit, equivalent to (for example) a "troop", "squad", or "section".  The word führer simply meant "leader".

The term Scharführer can be traced to World War I, when it was referred to a NCO in charge of  several shock troopers, or other special forces soldiers.

It was, however, used far more widely by Nazi Party paramilitary organizations, such as the Schutzstaffel, National Socialist Flyers' Corps, National Socialist Motor Corps, and the Sturmabteilung, between 1925 and 1945 and became strongly associated with them.
John K. Beery Farm
John K. Beery Farm is a historic home and farm complex located near Edom, Virginia, United States. The main house dates to 1838, and consists of a two-story, five-bay, central-hall plan, main section with a one-story, three-bay east wing. The main section measures 50 feet wide and 18 feet deep and features a long one-story, late-19th century porch.  Also on the property are a number of contributing outbuildings including a stone bank barn, loom house, spring house, wash house / kitchen, granary, sheds, and an outhouse.  The meeting room in the east wing of the house served a large congregation of Mennonites for a number of years. John K. Berry was a descendant of Swiss settlers in Pennsylvania.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.

Granary
A granary, also known as a grain house and historically as a granarium in Latin, is a post-harvest storage building primarily for grains or seeds. Granaries are typically built above the ground to prevent spoilage and protect the stored grains or seeds from rodents, pests, floods, and adverse weather conditions. They also assist in drying the grains to prevent mold growth. Modern granaries may incorporate advanced ventilation and temperature control systems to preserve the quality of the stored grains.
Smoking bishop
Smoking bishop is a type of mulled wine, punch, or wassail, especially popular in Victorian England at Christmas time, and it is mentioned in Dickens' 1843 story A Christmas Carol.

Smoking bishop was made from  port, red wine, lemons or Seville oranges, sugar, and spices such as cloves.  The citrus fruit was roasted to caramelise it and the ingredients then warmed together.  A myth persists that the name comes from the shape of the traditional bowl, shaped like a bishop's mitre, and that in this form, it was served in medieval guildhalls and universities.

Other variations of drinks known collectively as "ecclesiastics" included the smoking archbishop (made with claret), the smoking beadle (made with ginger wine and raisins), the smoking cardinal (made with Champagne or Rhine wine) and the smoking pope (made with burgundy).

Bitter orange
The bitter orange, sour orange, Seville orange, bigarade orange, or marmalade orange is the hybrid citrus tree species Citrus × aurantium, and its fruit. It is native to Southeast Asia and has been spread by humans to many parts of the world. It is a cross between the pomelo, Citrus maxima, and the wild type mandarin orange, Citrus reticulata. The bitter orange is used to make essential oil, used in foods, drinks, and pharmaceuticals. The Seville orange is prized for making British orange marmalade.
Sheela-Na-Gig (song)
"Sheela-Na-Gig" is a song by the English alternative rock singer-songwriter PJ Harvey, written by Harvey. The song was released as the second single from her debut studio album, Dry, in February 1992. The single was the second, and final, single from Dry and only single from the album to enter the charts in both the United Kingdom and United States. It peaked at number 9 on the Billboard Modern Rock Tracks chart, becoming one of Harvey's highest charting songs in the US. An accompanying music video, directed by Maria Mochnacz, was released alongside the single.

Rob Ellis (producer)
Robert Damian Ellis (born 13 February 1962) is a producer, arranger, instrumentalist and composer. He is best known for his work with PJ Harvey, with whom he has been most closely associated as producer, arranger and musician since 1990.
His own compositional work, which could be described as being something akin to contemporary classical music, has been released on six recordings, three under the name Spleen and three under his own name: Music for the home (2000) and Music for the home - Volume 2 (2004) for The Leaf Label, and The Nostalgia Machine for KPM.

He has also worked as producer/arranger and musician for such artists as Marianne Faithfull, Robyn Hitchcock, ex-Ash guitarist Charlotte Hatherley, Madrugada, Laika, Swell, Placebo, ex-Tricky singer Martina Topley-Bird, Scott Walker and Ute Lemper, Cold Specks and most recently Anna Calvi, Bat for Lashes, Torres, and the Blinders.
Hhohho Region
Hhohho is a region of Eswatini, located in the north western part of the country.  Hhohho was named after the capital of King Mswati II, who expanded the Swazi territory to the north and west, taking in the districts of Barberton, Nelspruit, Carolina and Piet Retief. These areas were later acquired by what was the Province of Transvaal and today they form part of the Mpumalanga Province of South Africa. It has an area of 3,625.17 km2, a population of 320,651 (2017), and is divided into 14 tinkhundla. The administrative center is the national capital of Mbabane.  It borders Lubombo Region on the southeast and Manzini Region in the southwest.

Carolina, South Africa
Carolina is an urban-rural area situated at the intersection of the R33, R36 and R38 routes in the Mpumalanga province of South Africa. The town lies in the grass and wetlands region of Mpumalanga at 1700 meters above sea level. It is a mixed farming and small-scale coal- and precious-stone-mining community.
Antti Kaarne
Antti Johannes Kaarne (27 November 1875, Messukylä - 14 July 1924, Turku; surname until 1906 Karlsson) was a Finnish industrial worker, smallholder, newspaper editor and politician. He was a member of the Parliament of Finland, representing from 1908 to 1911 the Christian Workers' Union of Finland (SKrTL) and from 1922 to 1923 the Socialist Workers' Party of Finland (SSTP). In 1923 he was imprisoned on sedition charges.

Smallholding
A smallholding or smallholder is a small farm operating under a small-scale agriculture model. Definitions vary widely for what constitutes a smallholder or small-scale farm, including factors such as size, food production technique or technology, involvement of family in labor and economic impact. Smallholder farms are often defined as those operating on less than two hectares of land.

The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) estimates that there are roughly 500 million smallholder farms – those covering less than two hectares – which account for about 85 percent of all farms globally but manage only around 9 percent of the world’s agricultural land.
Smith & Wesson SD VE
The Smith & Wesson SD Series is a polymer-framed, striker-fired semi-automatic pistol line that the American company Smith & Wesson introduced in 2010, replacing the SW / Sigma line. Smith & Wesson started manufacturing "SD VE" (VE for Value Enhanced) models in 2012. The SD VE models have stainless steel slides. Aside from slide color differences, SD and SD VE pistols are mechanically identical.

Receiver (firearms)
In firearms terminology and law, the firearm frame or receiver is the part of a firearm which integrates other components by providing housing for internal action components such as the hammer, bolt or breechblock, firing pin and extractor, and has threaded interfaces for externally attaching ("receiving") components such as the barrel, stock, trigger mechanism and iron/optical sights. Some firearm designs, such as the AR-15 platform, feature receivers that have 2 separate sub-assemblies called the upper receiver which houses the barrel/trunnion, bolt components etc and the lower receiver (trigger mechanism housing in some cases) that holds the fire control group, pistol grip, selector, stock etc.

The receiver is often made of forged, machined, or stamped steel or aluminium. Apart from these traditional materials, modern techniques have introduced polymer and sintered metal powder receivers to the market.
T-coloring
In graph theory, a T-Coloring of a graph , given the set T of nonnegative integers containing 0, is a function  that maps each vertex to a positive integer (color) such that if u and w are adjacent then . In simple words, the absolute value of the difference between two colors of adjacent vertices must not belong to fixed set T. The concept was introduced by William K. Hale. If T = {0} it reduces to common vertex coloring.

The T-chromatic number,  is the minimum number of colors that can be used in a T-coloring of G.

The complementary coloring of T-coloring c, denoted  is defined for each vertex v of G by

where s is the largest color assigned to a vertex of G by the c function.

Set (mathematics)
In mathematics, a set is a collection of different things; the things are called elements or members of the set and are typically mathematical objects: numbers, symbols, points in space, lines, geometric shapes, variables, or other sets.  A set may be finite or infinite. There is a unique set with no elements, called the empty set; a set with a single element is a singleton.

Mathematics typically does not define precisely what constitutes a "set" or "collection", because such a definition would have to be in terms of something else previously defined.  Instead, sets serve as foundational objects whose behavior is described by axioms modeled on intuition about collections, and then essentially all other mathematical objects are rigorously defined in terms of sets.

Set theory studies possible axiom systems and their consequences.
Since the first half of the 20th century, ZFC (Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory with the axiom of choice) has been the axiom system most commonly used.