hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Joseph Allen (congressman)
Joseph Allen (September 2, 1749 – September 2, 1827) was a member of the eleventh United States Congress from Massachusetts's 10th congressional district (1810–1811).

He was born in Boston in the Province of Massachusetts Bay, and graduated from Harvard University in 1774.  He worked in a business in Leicester, in 1774, moving to Worcester in 1776.  In Worcester he served as a County Clerk from 1776 to 1810. In 1788 he served as a delegate to the Massachusetts Constitutional Convention. He was elected to the United States House of Representatives in 1810 as a Federalist, to fill the vacancy left by the resignation of Jabez Upham previously that year, and he served in that capacity through 1811. He declined to run for re-election to a full term. Afterwards, he served as a Massachusetts State Councilor from 1815 through 1818. He died in Worcester in 1827.

Massachusetts Constitutional Convention of 1778
The Constitutional Convention of 1778 was the first constitutional convention held in Massachusetts to draft a new state constitution following the state's declaration of independence in 1776.  The convention that drafted the proposed constitution was composed of the elected members of the Massachusetts Provincial Congress and the Governor's Council meeting as a single body.  The document drafted by this convention was approved in February 1778, and submitted to the voters of the state for ratification, the first constitution to be submitted for such a vote.  It was soundly rejected by voters, leading to a second convention in 1779, whose proposed constitution was accepted.
Thomas A. Sullivan
Thomas A. Sullivan (July 31, 1855 – March 27, 1946) was an American farmer and politician.

Born in Hartford, Connecticut, Sullivan moved with his parents to Manitowoc County, Wisconsin and settled on a farm in Reedsville, Wisconsin. Sullivan was a farmer and livestock dealer. He also worked as a foreman for the Manitowoc County Highway Department. Sullivan served on the Manitowoc County Board of Supervisors and on the school board. Sullivan also served as chairman of the Franklin Town Board and was a Republican. Sullivan served in the Wisconsin State Assembly in 1921 and 1929. Sullivan died in Manitowoc, Wisconsin.

Manitowoc County, Wisconsin
Manitowoc County (/ˈmænɪtəwɒk/ ⓘ MAN-it-ə-wok) is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 81,359. Its county seat is Manitowoc. The county was created in 1836 prior to Wisconsin's statehood and organized in 1848. Manitowoc County comprises the Manitowoc, WI Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Pioneer Collegiate Lacrosse League
The Pioneer Collegiate Lacrosse League (PCLL) was a conference in the Men's Collegiate Lacrosse Association (MCLA). The PCLL primarily incorporates teams in New England and New York and is divided into two divisions, Division 1 and Division 2 (formerly A & B). The conference is governed by a five-member executive board and the teams that win the conference's divisional playoffs receive bids to the MCLA National Tournament. Before the 2019 season, the conference merged with the Central Collegiate Lacrosse Association (CCLA) to form the Continental Lacrosse Conference (CLC).

Bryant University
Bryant University is a private university in Smithfield, Rhode Island, United States. It has three colleges, the College of Arts and Sciences, School of Health and Behavioral Sciences, and the College of Business, and is accredited by the New England Commission of Higher Education.
Mir Ghesmat Mosavi Asl
Mir Ghesmat Mosavi Asl (Persian: ‌‌میرقسمت موسوی‌اصل; born 1961) is an Iranian Shiite cleric and politician.

Mosavi was born in Germi, Ardabil province. He is a member of the 2000 and present Islamic Consultative Assembly from the electorate of Germi. Mosavi won with 18,004 (36.12%) votes.

2000 Iranian legislative election
Parliamentary elections were held in Iran on 18 February 2000, with a second round on 5 May. The result was a solid victory for 2nd of Khordad Front and its allies, the reformist supporters of President Mohammad Khatami.
Babiana tubulosa
Babiana tubulosa is a perennial flowering plant and geophyte belonging to the genus Babiana. The species is endemic to the Western Cape and occurs from Vredenburg to Mamre where it is part of the fynbos. The species has a range of less than 1 566 km² and there are twenty subpopulations. The remaining subpopulations are threatened by development on the Vredenburg Peninsula, especially at Dwarskersbos, St. Helena Bay, Saldanha, Jacobsbaai and Langebaan. Around Mamre and Darling the plant has lost its habitat to crop cultivation.

Vredenburg
Vredenburg (locally /ˈfrɪərdənbɜːrɡ/; Afrikaans: [ˈfriədənbœrχ]) is a town of the Cape West Coast in the Western Cape province of South Africa. "Vrede" is Afrikaans for peace. It is the transportation and commercial hub of the West Coast area and administrative centre of the Saldanha Bay Local Municipality. It is located 12 kilometres inland from the coast at Saldanha Bay on the Cape Columbine Peninsula 138 km north of Cape Town.
Jiyanklis Air Base
Jiyanklis Air Base is a Air base of the Egyptian Air Force located south of Kafr El Dawwar, Beheira Governorate, Egypt.

The base is home to 75, 77 and 79 Squadrons, all flying General Dynamics F-16C/D-40 Fighting Falcon as part of 272 Tactical Fighter Wing of 139 Air Division.

History

As RAF Gianaclis the base was home to the following Royal Air Force squadrons:

No. 38 Squadron RAF

No. 39 Squadron RAF

No. 47 Squadron RAF

No. 148 Squadron RAF

No. 221 Squadron RAF

No. 252 Squadron RAF

No. 255 Squadron RAF

No. 272 Squadron RAF

No. 459 Squadron RAAF

No. 512 Squadron RAF

No. 148 Squadron RAF
No. 148 Squadron was a squadron of the Royal Air Force disbanded and re-established several times since the First World War, until its dissolution on 1 May 1965. During the Second World War, the squadron operated as a Special Duties squadron performing partisan supply missions and working closely with the Special Operations Executive for agent drop and pick-up operations.
Asunción Cathedral
The Metropolitan Cathedral of Our Lady of the Assumption (Spanish: Catedral Metropolitana de Nuestra Señora de la Asunción) (also called simply Asunción Cathedral) It is the main Catholic church in Asunción. It is located in the neighborhood La Catedral, in the historic center of the capital of Paraguay. It was the first diocese of the Río de la Plata.

The latest version of the cathedral was built during the government of Don Carlos Antonio López and inaugurated in 1845. It is dedicated to Our Lady of the Assumption, the patroness of the country's capital city. It has a high altar coated in silver. The cathedral is the seat of the metropolitan archdiocese of Asunción (in Latin: Archidioecesis Sanctissimae Assumptionis).

Carlos Antonio López
Carlos Antonio López Ynsfrán (4 November 1792 – 10 September 1862) was leader of Paraguay from 1841 to 1862. Under his presidency, he undertook a process of economic and political modernization for Paraguay, and ended the isolationist policies of Paraguay dictator José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia.
Travenanzes Formation
The Travenanzes Formation is a Late Triassic (early Carnian, or early Tuvalian in the regional stratigraphy) limestone, marl and dolomite formation in the Southern Limestone Alps in Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy.

Marl
Marl is an earthy material rich in carbonate minerals, clays, and silt. When hardened into rock, this becomes marlstone. It is formed in marine or freshwater environments, often through the activities of algae.

Marl makes up the lower part of the cliffs of Dover, and the Channel Tunnel follows these marl layers between France and the United Kingdom. Marl is also a common sediment in post-glacial lakes, such as the marl ponds of the northeastern United States and marl lakes of the Canadian Rockies.

Marl has been used as a soil conditioner and neutralizing agent for acid soil and in the manufacture of cement.
Mojeed Alabi
Mojeed Olujinmi Alabi (born 7 July 1962) is a Nigeria politician, lawyer, university teacher, and dual faculty Professor in the Department of Political Science (Okuku Campus) and Professor in the Department of Public and International Law (Ifetedo Campus) of the Osun State University, Nigeria. He holds bachelor, master and doctoral degrees in each of political science and law. He was a Member of the House of Representatives, June 2015 - June 2019, to represent Ede Federal constituency Ede North, Ede South, Egbedore and Ejigbo L.Gs on the platform of the All Progressives Congress (APC). He is at present a Professor in the Department of Public and International Law and holds a concurrent chair as Professor of Political Science, both at the Osun State University, Nigeria. He is also the Provost of the College of Law

House of Representatives (Nigeria)
The House of Representatives (also called Green Chamber) is the lower chamber of Nigeria's bicameral National Assembly. The Senate is the upper chamber.

The Green Chamber has 360 members who are elected in single-member constituencies using the plurality (or first-past-the-post) system, most recently in 2023. Members serve four-year terms. The presiding officer of the house is the Speaker, currently Tajudden Abbas (as of May 2024).
First Lady of Botswana
The first lady of the Republic of Botswana is the wife of the president of Botswana. The current first lady is Kaone Boko, the wife of President Duma Boko.

The role is largely ceremonial and has no salary. President Neo Masisi has said that his wife does not have the remit to influence government policies.

Duma Boko
Duma Gideon Boko (born 31 December 1969) is a Motswana politician and lawyer who is currently serving as the sixth President of Botswana since 1 November 2024 and as leader of the Umbrella for Democratic Change since 2012. He served as Leader of the Opposition from 2014 to 2019.

Boko attained the presidency of the BNF in 2010. He led the creation of the Umbrella for Democratic Change, an alliance of the main opposition parties in Botswana. He ran as the alliance's president in Botswana's general elections in 2014 and 2019. At the 2024 election, he led his party to victory and was sworn in as President of Botswana on 1 November 2024. He is the first, and so far the only president in Botswana's history not to belong to the Botswana Democratic Party. Boko is considered a social democrat.
Bayken Ashimov
Bayken Ashimuly Ashimov (Kazakh: Бәйкен Әшімұлы Әшімов, romanized: Bäiken Äşımūly Äşımov, 10 August 1917 – 5 February 2010) was a Soviet politician. He served as Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars from March 1970 to March 1984. He also served as Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of Kazakh SSR from March 1984 to 1985.

Kazakh alphabets
The Kazakh language was written mainly in four scripts at various points of time – Old Turkic, Cyrillic, Latin, and Arabic – each having a distinct alphabet. The Arabic script is used in Iran, Afghanistan, and China, while the Cyrillic script is used in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Mongolia. In October 2017, a presidential decree in Kazakhstan ordered a transition from the Cyrillic to Latin script to be implemented by 2025. In January 2021, the target year for finishing the transition was pushed back to 2031.
Anderstorp
Anderstorp (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈânːdɛʂˌtɔrp]) is a locality situated in Gislaved Municipality, Jönköping County, Sweden with 4,965 inhabitants in 2010.

Scandinavian Raceway, which hosted the Swedish Grand Prix Formula One races in 1973–1978, is situated here.

Anderstorp also hosts the Anderstorps SK, famous for its men's handball teams, and has most industries in Sweden (per person).

Urban areas in Sweden
An urban area or tätort (lit. 'dense locality') in Sweden has a minimum of 200 inhabitants and may be a city, town or larger village. It is a purely statistical concept, not defined by any municipal or county boundaries. Larger urban areas synonymous with cities or towns (Swedish: stad for both terms) for statistical purposes have a minimum of 10,000 inhabitants. The same statistical definition is also used for urban areas in the other Nordic countries.

In 2018, there were nearly two thousand urban areas in Sweden, which were inhabited by 87% of the Swedish population.

Urban area is a common English translation of the Swedish term tätort. The official term in English used by Statistics Sweden is, however, "locality" (Swedish: ort). It could be compared with "census-designated places" in the United States.
Artemon
Artemon (Ancient Greek: Ἀρτέμων) (fl. c. 230 AD), a prominent Christian teacher in Rome, who held Adoptionist, or Nontrinitarian views. Little is known about his life.

He is mentioned as the leader of a nontrinitarian sect at Rome in the third century. He is spoken of by Eusebius of Caesarea as the forerunner of Paul of Samosata, an opinion confirmed by the acts of a Council of Antioch in 264, which connect the two names as united in mutual communion and support. Eusebius and Theodoret describe his teaching as a denial of Christ's divinity and an assertion that he was a mere man, the falsification of Scripture, and an appeal to tradition in support of his errors. Both authors mention refutations: Eusebius an untitled work, Theodoret one known as The Little Labyrinth, which has been attributed to a Roman priest named Caius, and more recently to Hippolytus of Rome, the supposed author of the Philosophoumena.

Theodoret
Theodoret of Cyrus or Cyrrhus (Ancient Greek: Θεοδώρητος Κύρρου; c. 393 – c. 458) was a notable theologian of the School of Antioch, biblical commentator, and bishop of Cyrrhus (423–457). He participated in several 5th-century Christological controversies within the Eastern Roman Church that resulted in various ecumenical acts and schisms. Theodoret wrote against Cyril of Alexandria's Twelve Anathemas, which were sent to Nestorius, and did not condemn Nestorius until the Council of Chalcedon. Selected writings by Theodoret directed against Cyril formed part of the subject matter of the Three Chapters Controversy and were condemned posthumously at the Second Council of Constantinople (553). He is accorded the epithet "Blessed" in the Eastern Orthodox Church.
2018–19 French Basketball Cup
The 2018–19 French Basketball Cup season (French: 2018–19 Coupe de France de Basket) was the 42nd season of the domestic cup competition of French basketball.The previous winner of the cup was SIG Strasbourg. The competition started on 18 September 2018 and ended 11 May 2019. ASVEL Villeurbanne won the competition.

ASVEL Basket
ASVEL Basket, currently known as LDLC ASVEL for sponsorship reasons,  is a French professional basketball team located in the commune of Villeurbanne, a suburb of Lyon, France. The club, which is the basketball section of the ASVEL multi-sports club, competes at the highest level of French basketball, the LNB Élite. The club's home games are played in both the OL Arena and the Astroballe which have a seated capacities of 12,523 and 5,560 respectively.

Founded in 1948, the team is the most successful in French basketball with 21 LNB Élite championships and 10 French Cup titles.

In 2014, Tony Parker became the president of the club. In 2017, Nicolas Batum became the club's director of basketball operations. In June 2019, football club Olympique Lyonnais's holding company OL Groupe purchased a 25% stake in the ASVEL men's team, plus a 10% stake in the ASVEL women's team, in a deal worth around €3.7 million. The deal also included a plan for a new EuroLeague-standard arena.
Acton Society Trust
The Acton Society Trust was established by the Joseph Rowntree Social Service Trust in the 1940s "to analyse the implications of the welfare state for liberty and the individual.

It paid for assistants to front bench politicians, now known as special political advisors, who were referred to as Chocolate Soldiers, until public money was provided for the purpose in 1974.  It produced many of the earliest studies of management in the United Kingdom, particularly in the National Health Service.

It submitted evidence to the Committee on the Staffing of Local Government (Mallaby Committee) in 1966.

Directors of the organisation included Rosemary Stewart. Teddy Chester and Reg Revans both worked for the trust before moving to the University of Manchester, as did David Layton.

The Trust's archives are held at the London School of Economics.

It was closed down in 2000.

Rowntree trusts
The four Rowntree Trusts are funded from the legacies of the Quaker chocolate entrepreneurs and social reformers Joseph Rowntree and
Benjamin Seebohm Rowntree. The trusts are based in the Rowntrees' home city of
York, England. The trusts are:

the Joseph Rowntree Charitable Trust, a Quaker philanthropic trust;

the Joseph Rowntree Foundation (until 1968, named the Joseph Rowntree Memorial Trust), which funds social policy research and development;

the Joseph Rowntree Housing Trust (formed in 1968 to take over the housing operations of the Joseph Rowntree Memorial Trust), which owns and manages the model village of New Earswick, and a number of other housing schemes in the York area;

the Joseph Rowntree Reform Trust (until 1990, named the Joseph Rowntree Social Service Trust), which is a political body and promotes democratic reform and social justice within the UK.  Unlike the other three, it is not a charity, though it endowed the JRSST Charitable Trust.
Yarraman, New South Wales
Yarraman is a locality in north-west New South Wales, Australia around 4 kilometres north of Moree on the Carnarvon Highway.  Yarraman is on the banks of the Gwydir River which has been known to flood.

Yarraman is very spread-out with the majority of people living on small acreages.

Carnarvon Highway
Carnarvon Highway is a state highway in Queensland and New South Wales, Australia, linking the township of Rolleston in Queensland's Central Highlands Region, via the town of St George, eventually to Moree in northern New South Wales. It is the main access road to the Carnarvon National Park, and serves as a strategic route to take B-doubles and other large vehicles (which cannot use Bruce Highway) to the Queensland ports north of Rockhampton.
Bud Plant Inc.
Bud Plant Inc. was a wholesale comics distributor active in the 1970s and 1980s during the growth of the direct market. The company also published a selection of comics and zines during the same period. Starting in 1970 as a mail-order distributor specializing in underground comix, Bud Plant absorbed some of his smaller rivals in the 1980s, and then sold his business to Diamond Comics Distributors in 1988. He still, as Bud Plant's Art Books, sells quality reprints and graphic novels.

Wholesaling
Wholesaling or distributing is the sale of goods or merchandise to retailers; to industrial, commercial, institutional or other professional business users; or to other wholesalers (wholesale businesses) and related subordinated services. In general, it is the sale of goods in bulk to anyone, either a person or an organization, other than the end consumer of that merchandise. Wholesaling involves purchasing goods in bulk, usually directly from the manufacturer or source, at a discounted rate. Retailers then sell these goods to end consumers at a higher price, generating a profit.

Traditionally, wholesalers were closer to the markets they supplied than the source from which they got the products. However, with the advent of the internet and e-procurement there is an increasing number of wholesalers located nearer to the manufacturers in China, Taiwan, and Southeast Asia. The profit margins of wholesalers depend largely on their ability to achieve market competitive transaction costs.
James Gattuso
James Leslie Gattuso ( December 1, 1957 – July 23, 2020) was a senior research fellow for the Roe Institute for Economic Policy Studies at The Heritage Foundation, a conservative think tank based in Washington, D.C., where he specialized in regulatory issues and telecommunications policy. Gattuso authored articles for The Wall Street Journal, USA Today, The Washington Times, and other publications.

Telecommunications policy of the United States
The telecommunications policy of the United States is a framework of law directed by government and the regulatory commissions, most notably the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). Two landmark acts prevail today, the Communications Act of 1934 and the Telecommunications Act of 1996. The latter was intended to revise the first act and specifically to foster competition in the telecommunications industry.
The Rasslin' Match
The Rasslin' Match is a 1934 animated short film based on the popular Amos 'n' Andy radio series. It was produced by the Van Beuren Studios and directed by Vernon Stallings and starring Charles J. Correll and Freeman F. Gosden as the voices of their popular radio characters, Amos and Andy.

Charles Correll
Charles James Correll (February 2, 1890 – September 26, 1972) was an American radio comedian, actor and writer who was best known for his work in the radio Amos 'n' Andy radio series with Freeman Gosden. Correll voiced the main character, Andy Brown, along with various lesser characters.
George W. White (Canadian politician)
George W. White (May 12, 1827 – March 21, 1912) was a political figure in New Brunswick, Canada. He represented Carleton County in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick from 1868 to 1873 and from 1878 to 1886 as a Conservative member.

He was born and educated in Queens County, New Brunswick. In 1849, he married Mary Wiggins. White served as coroner for Wilmot parish. He was elected to the legislative assembly in an 1868 by-election held after the death of James Hartley. White was a member of the Executive Council from 1872 to 1873. In 1873, he resigned and ran unsuccessfully for a seat in the House of Commons. He died in 1912.

Queens County, New Brunswick
Queens County (French: Comté de Queens; 2021 population 10,998) is located in south central New Brunswick, Canada. The county shire town is the village of Gagetown. The county was named as an expression of loyalty to the Crown and to commemorate a group of earlier settlers originally from Queens County, New York.
Junker (surname)
Junker is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bengt Junker, Swedish scouting leader

Carl Junker

Erwin Junker

Gottfried Junker

Hermann Junker, German egyptologist

Howard Junker (born 1940), American writer and editor

Karin Junker

Karl Junker

Kasper Junker, Danish footballer

Leni Junker (1905–1997), German sprint runner

Mads Junker, Danish football pundit and former footballer

Renate Junker

Sofya Junker-Kramskaya, Russian painter

Steve Junker, American football player

Steve Junker (ice hockey), Canadian former professional ice hockey player

Wilhelm Junker, Russian explorer

Bengt Junker
Bengt Junker (21 June 1913 – 18 February 1970 Stockholm) was a Swedish Scouting notable, head of the Sveriges Scoutförbund from 1951 to 1956 and from 1958 to 1966. In 1951 he succeeded Lennart Bernadotte, and in 1958 he succeeded Gösta Lewenhaupt. He was the last Scout manager of Sveriges Scoutförbund, and became the first chairman of the Svenska Scoutförbundet, formed by the merger of the Sveriges Scoutförbund and the Sveriges Flickors Scoutförbund. Junker was also instrumental in the start of the Swedish Scout Association's college sv:Kjesäters Folkhögskola, when in 1960 Vingåker Municipality sold Kesätters Castle to Sveriges Scoutförbund.

He was a 1949 recipient of the Silver Wolf, the highest commendation in Swedish Scouting.