hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nicolas Desmares
Nicolas Desmares (Rouen, 1650 – Paris, 3 November 1714) was a French comedian.

A brother-in-law of Champmeslé, he also called himself "Champmeslé" and with his sister Marie Champmeslé, they joined the theatre of Rouen. His talent earned him a call to perform at the court of King Christian V of Denmark. Recalled to Paris by his sister, he was received 28 March 1685 "sans début" (without a period of trial) – an honour bestowed for the first time – at the Comédie-Française where he specialized in peasant roles, which he played in a superior and inimitable way. He retired with a pension of 1000 livres on 27 June 1712.

He married the actress Anne d'Ennebaut, granddaughter of Montfleury, who gave him two daughters, both later actresses and sociétaires of the Comédie-Française: Charlotte Desmares and Christine Dangeville.

Sociétaires of the Comédie-Française
The sociétaires of the Comédie-Française are chosen from among the pensionnaires who have been in the company a year or more.

They are decided upon in the course of a general assembly of the company's administrative committee, made up of six existing sociétaires, the senior sociétaire, and the general administrator.  A pensionnaire is thus named a societaire by a decree of the Ministry of Culture, from names put forward by the general administrator of the Comédie-Française.  On becoming a sociétaire, an actor automatically becomes a member of the Société des Comédiens-Français and receives a share of the profits as well as receiving a number of shares in the société to which he or she is contractually linked.

After his or her retirement, a sociétaire can continue to act, becoming an honorary sociétaire.  The senior member of the Comédie-Française is not the oldest sociétaire, but the sociétaire who has been with the company longest (since their entering it as a pensionnaire).
State police
State police, provincial police or regional police are a type of sub-national territorial police force found in nations organized as federations, typically in North America, South Asia, and Oceania. These forces typically have jurisdiction over the relevant sub-national jurisdiction, and may cooperate in law enforcement activities with municipal or national police where either exist.

Indian Police Service
The Indian Police Service (IPS) is a civil service under the All India Services. It replaced the Indian Imperial Police in 1948, a year after India became independent from the British Empire.

Along with the Indian Administrative Service (IAS) and the Indian Forest Service (IFS), the IPS is part of the All India Services – its officers are employed by both the Union Government and by individual states governments.

The service provides leadership to various state and central police forces, including the Central Armed Police Forces (BSF, SSB, CRPF, CISF, and ITBP), the National Security Guard (NSG), Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB), National Disaster Response Force (NDRF), Intelligence Bureau (IB), Research and Analysis Wing (R&AW), Special Protection Group (SPG), National Investigation Agency (NIA), and the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI).
Robben Wright Fleming
Robben Wright Fleming (December 18, 1916 – January 11, 2010), also known in his youth as Robben Wheeler Fleming, was an American lawyer, professor, author and academic administrator. He was president of the University of Michigan from 1968 to 1979—and interim president again in 1988—and established a reputation for patience and willingness to engage in dialogue with students during the frequent campus protests of that era. He has been called "one of the truly great presidents of the University of Michigan" by former University president Mary Sue Coleman.

He served as chancellor of the University of Wisconsin–Madison from 1964 to 1967 and also led that institution through a period of campus unrest—including, in one instance, writing a personal check to cover bail for students arrested during a demonstration.

He also worked as a lawyer in the U.S. Army during World War II, as a labor negotiator and labor arbitrator, and as president of the Corporation for Public Broadcasting.

Students for a Democratic Society
Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) was a national student activist organization in the United States during the 1960s and was one of the principal representations of the New Left. Disdaining permanent leaders, hierarchical relationships and parliamentary procedure, the founders conceived of the organization as a broad exercise in "participatory democracy". From its launch in 1960, it grew rapidly in the course of the tumultuous decade, with over 300 campus chapters and 30,000 supporters recorded nationwide by its last national convention in 1969. The organization splintered at that convention amidst rivalry between factions seeking to impose national leadership and direction, and disputing "revolutionary" positions on, among other issues, the Vietnam War and Black Power.

A new national network for left-wing student organizing, also calling itself Students for a Democratic Society, was founded in 2006.
Duke Li of Qi
Duke Li of Qi (Chinese: 齊厲公; pinyin: Qí Lì Gōng), personal name Lü Wuji, was duke of the Qi state from 824 BC to 816 BC.

Duke Li succeeded his father Duke Wu, to the throne of Qi. He was a despotic ruler, and in 816 BC the people of Qi rebelled against him and attempted to install the son of Duke Hu (Duke Li's grand-uncle) as the new ruler. Duke Li was killed by the rebels, but Duke Hu's son also died in the fighting. Subsequently, Duke Li's son, Duke Wen, ascended the throne, and executed 70 individuals who were responsible for Duke Li's death.

Gong (title)
Gong was a title of ancient and imperial Chinese nobility roughly equivalent to and usually translated as duke. It was also historically used within Chinese fiefs as a respectful term of address to any living liege (similar to the English "lord") and is still used in modern Chinese as a respectful term of address for any man of high status (similar to "sir"), particularly for the honored deceased as with formal reference to Chiang Kai-shek as Jiǎng Gōng (蔣公) in Taiwan.
Greater administrative region
Greater administrative regions or greater administrative areas (simplified Chinese: 大行政区; traditional Chinese: 大行政區; pinyin: Dà Xíngzhèng Qū) were top-level administrative divisions in territories controlled by the Chinese Communist Party in Northern China and later the nascent People's Republic of China that directly governed provinces and municipalities. These were the largest-ever political divisions of China and were controlled by the Central People's Government. They were dissolved between June and November 1954.

Provinces of China
Provinces (Chinese: 省; pinyin: Shěng) are the most numerous type of province-level divisions, the first-level subdivisions of the People's Republic of China (PRC). There are currently 22 provinces administered by the PRC, and one further province that is claimed but not administered, which is Taiwan.

The local governments of Chinese provinces consist of a Provincial People's Government headed by a governor that acts as the executive, a Provincial People's Congress with legislative powers, and a parallel provincial branch of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) that elects a party secretary and a provincial standing committee.
Gmina Radzyń Chełmiński
Gmina Radzyń Chełmiński is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Grudziądz County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Radzyń Chełmiński, which lies approximately 16 kilometres (10 mi) south-east of Grudziądz and 45 km (28 mi) north-east of Toruń.

The gmina covers an area of 90.7 square kilometres (35.0 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 4,917 (out of which the population of Radzyń Chełmiński amounts to 1,915, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,002).

Grudziądz
Grudziądz ([ˈɡrud͡ʑɔnt͡s] ⓘ; Latin: Graudentum, Graudentium, German: Graudenz) is a city in northern Poland, with 92,552 inhabitants (2021). Located on the Vistula River, it lies within the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship and is the fourth-largest city in its province.

Grudziądz is one of the oldest cities in north-central Poland, founded by King Bolesław I the Brave over 1000 years ago. The well-preserved Old Town has various Gothic and Baroque landmarks, several included on the European Route of Brick Gothic, most notably the unique Grudziądz Granaries, declared a Historic Monument of Poland. Grudziądz is a former royal city of Poland, and became known as the "City of Uhlans" being the location of the former Polish Cavalry Training Centre. Situated at the crossroads of important highways, it is a city of industry and services, and a noted centre for water sports and motorcycle speedway racing.
Minolta XE-5
The Minolta XE-5 was a 35 mm single-lens reflex camera produced by Minolta in Japan, introduced in 1975 (1975).
It was a simplified and lower-cost version of Minolta's XE/XE-1/XE-7 models, retaining the camera's automatic exposure but removing functionalities such as viewfinder displays, multiple-exposure capability, the built-in eyepiece shutter (replaced by a viewfinder cap on the shoulder strap), the film tab holder and the film advance window.  The model was in production until 1977 when the Minolta XG-7 replaced it.

Single-lens reflex camera
In photography, a single-lens reflex camera (SLR) is a type of camera that uses a mirror and prism system to allow photographers to view through the lens and see exactly what will be captured. SLRs became the dominant design for professional and consumer-level cameras throughout the late 20th century, offering interchangeable lenses, through-the-lens (TTL) metering, and precise framing. Originating in the 1930s and popularized in the 1960s and 70s, SLR technology played a crucial role in the evolution of modern photography. Although digital single-lens reflex (DSLR) cameras succeeded film-based models, the rise of mirrorless cameras in the 2010s has led to a decline in SLR use and production. With twin lens reflex and rangefinder cameras, the viewed image could be significantly different from the final image. When the shutter button is pressed on most SLRs, the mirror flips out of the light path and allows light to pass through to the light receptor and the image to be captured.
Marcha de Tres Árboles
The "Marcha de los Tres Árboles" (English: "Three Tree March") is a Uruguayan military march that commemorates the victory of the nationalist forces at the Battle of Tres Árboles against government troops on the banks of the Tres Árboles Creek, Río Negro Department, during the Revolution of 1897. It is the official anthem and song of the Uruguay National Party.

Río Negro Department
Río Negro Department (Spanish: Departamento de Río Negro, Spanish pronunciation: [ˈri.o ˈneɣɾo]) is a department of the northwestern region of Uruguay. It has an area of 9,282 km2 (3,584 sq mi) and a population of 57,334. Its capital is Fray Bentos. It borders Paysandú Department to the north, Tacuarembó Department to the east, Durazno Department to the southeast, Soriano Department to the south and has the Río Uruguay flowing at its west, separating it from Argentina.
Mac Raghnaill
Mac Raghnaill is a masculine surname in the Irish language. The name translates into English as "son of Raghnall". The surname originated as a patronym, however it no longer refers to the actual name of the bearer's father.

The name Raghnall is a Gaelic derivative of the Old Norse personal name Røgnvaldr / Rǫgnvaldr / Rögnvaldr. Variant forms of the surname include Mac Rághnaill and Mac Raonaill. These three surnames can be Anglicised variously as: Grannell, MacRanald, MacRandell, MacCrindle, MacReynold, MacReynolds, Randalson, Rondalson, Reynoldson, Rannals, Randals, Randles, Ranolds, and Reynolds. The Irish surnames are borne by numerous unrelated families; some are of Irish origin, others of Scottish origin, some are of English origin, and some may be of Norwegian and or Danish origin.

Reynoldson
Reynoldson is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

George Reynoldson (1856–1947), Australian politician

Kirk Reynoldson (born 1979), Australian professional rugby league footballer

Nick Reynoldson, Canadian stand-up comedian

Steve Reynoldson (born 1962), Australian rules footballer

W. Ward Reynoldson (1920–2016), American lawyer and judge
Rildene Firmino
Rildene Fonseca Firmino (born 1974) is a retired Brazilian Paralympic swimmer who competed at international elite competitions, she is a double Parapan American Games champion and a two-time World bronze medalist.

Parapan American Games
The Parapan American Games is an international multi-sport event for athletes with physical disabilities held every four years after every Pan American Games. The first Games were held in 1999 in Mexico City, Mexico. The 2003 Parapan American Games was the last Parapan American Games that was not held in the same city as the Pan American Games. The most recent Parapan American Games were held between 17 and 26 November 2023, in Santiago, Chile.
It is organized by the Americas Paralympic Committee.
Parinari
Parinari is a genus of plant in the family Chrysobalanaceae.

Species of genus Parinari are found in Subsaharan Africa from Senegal to Sudan and Kenya and south to Namibia and Natal; in Eastern Madagascar; from Indochina through Indonesia, New Guinea, northern Queensland, and the southwest Pacific; and in Central and South America from Costa Rica to Trinidad and southern Brazil. The oldest fossils of Parinari fruits are from the early Miocene of Ethiopia, Panama, and Colombia.

The genus is closely related to Neocarya.

Parinari can be distinguished from other genera in Chrysobalanaceae by the following characteristics:

zygomorphic floral symmetry

6-10 unilaterally-attached stamens per flower

ovary at side or mouth of receptacle-tube

leaf lower surface lanate and with hair-filled stomatal cavities and parallel secondaries closely spaced

pair of glands on leaf petiole

large, woody fruits

Floral symmetry
Floral symmetry describes whether, and how, a flower, in particular its perianth, can be divided into two or more identical or mirror-image parts.

Uncommonly, flowers may have no axis of symmetry at all, typically because their parts are spirally arranged.
2016 French F4 Championship
The 2016 French F4 Championship season was the 24th season of the series for 1600cc Formula Renault machinery, and the sixth season to run under the guise of the French F4 Championship. The series began on 1 April at Le Castellet and ended on 6 November at Montmeló, after six rounds and twenty-four races.

Formula Renault
Formula Renault are classes of formula racing popular in Europe and elsewhere. Regarded as an entry-level series to motor racing, it was founded in 1971, and was a respected series where drivers can learn advanced racecraft before moving on to higher formulas.

Renault now backs the French F4 Championship and Formula Regional European Championship. The World Series by Renault once included Formula Renault 3.5 before becoming World Series Formula V8 3.5 in 2016, then folding in 2017.
Cave of Letters
The Cave of Letters (Hebrew: מערת האיגרות, romanized: Marat Ha-Igerot) is a refuge cave in Nahal Hever in the Judean Desert where letters and fragments of papyri from the Roman Empire period were found. Some are related to the Bar Kokhba revolt (circa 131–136 CE), including letters of correspondence between Bar Kokhba and his subordinates. Another notable bundle of papyri, known as the Babatha cache, comprises legal documents of Babatha, a female landowner of the same period.

Ancient Macedonian calendar
The Ancient Macedonian calendar is a lunisolar calendar that was in use in ancient Macedon in the 1st millennium BCE. It consisted of 12 synodic lunar months (i.e. 354 days per year), which needed intercalary months to stay in step with the seasons. By the time the calendar was being used across the Hellenistic world, seven total embolimoi (intercalary months) were being added in each 19 year Metonic cycle. The names of the ancient Macedonian Calendar remained in use in Syria even into the Christian era.
Pomaia
Pomaia is a village in Tuscany, central Italy, administratively a frazione of the comune of Santa Luce, in the Province of Pisa. At the time of the 2001 census its population amounted to 188.

The village is known for the Lama Tzong Khapa Institute, one of the biggest Tibetan monasteries in Italy.

Pomaia has an economy based on agriculture and tourism.

Province of Pisa
The province of Pisa (Italian: provincia di Pisa) is a province in the Tuscany region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Pisa. With an area of 2,448 square kilometres (945 mi2) and a total population of 421,642 (As of 2014), it is the second most populous and fifth largest province of Tuscany. It is subdivided into 37 comuni (sg.: comune).

With a history that dates to the Etruscans and Phoenicians, the province achieved considerable power and influence in the Mediterranean in the 12th and 13th centuries. Pisa, the provincial capital, is known for its Leaning Tower, and other historic landmarks that attract tourists.
I Saw It Cummin'
"I Saw It Cummin'" is a hardcore hip hop song by American rapper PMD. It was released in 1994 through PMD/RCA Records as the lead single from the rapper's debut solo studio album Shadē Business. Recording sessions took place at Black Zone Studios and Northshore Soundworks in New York. Production was handled by PMD himself together with DJ Scratch, who utilised a sample from Ohio Players' "Funky Worm".

The song debuted at number 89 on the Billboard Hot 100 in the United States, making it PMD's most successful single during his brief solo career, as well as his only entry on the chart.

Shade Business
Shadē Business is the debut solo studio album by American rapper PMD, released on September 27, 1994. It was produced by PMD, DJ Scratch, Charlie Marotta, the 45 King, and Jesse West. It features guest appearances from 3rd Eye, Top Quality, Zone 7, and Das EFX. The album peaked at number 42 on the Billboard 200.

"Swing Your Own Thing" is the second single taken from album. It was not as successful as his previous single, only making it to 40 on the Billboard's Hot Rap Singles.
Lai Choy Heng
Lai Choy Heng (Chinese: 賴載興; pinyin: Lài Zàixìng) is Emeritus Professor of Physics, NUS Emeritus Executive Vice-President and President Advisor (Tianjin University-NUS Joint Institute, Fuzhou, China), and the former Executive Vice-president (Academic Affairs), Yale-NUS College (2012–2014) and Vice Provost (Academic Personnel) at the National University of Singapore (2003–2012). He received his undergraduate as well as graduate degrees from the University of Chicago. He took up a position as post-doctoral Research Fellow at the Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen from 1978 to 1980 after which he joined National University of Singapore’s (NUS) Department of Mathematics as a Lecturer. He then moved to the Department of Physics in 1981 which saw him rise through the ranks from senior lecturer to associate professor to professor.

Niels Bohr Institute
The Niels Bohr Institute (Danish: Niels Bohr Institutet) is a research institute of the University of Copenhagen, founded in 1921 by its namesake Niels Bohr. Started as an institute of theoretical physics, it has since expanded to span research in astronomy, geophysics, nanotechnology, particle physics, quantum mechanics, and biophysics, along with the Cosmic Dawn Center dedicated to research in cosmology.
P. H. Fearon
Percy Hutton Fearon (6 September 1874 – 5 November 1948) was a British cartoonist who worked for the Evening News and the Daily Mail, where he drew under the pseudonym "Poy".

He was born in Shanghai to Robert Inglis Fearon. He was educated at an art school in New York and at Hubert von Herkomer's art school. He began his career drawing cartoons for Judy before joining the Manchester Evening Chronicle in 1905. He then drew for the Sunday Chronicle and the Daily Dispatch before joining the Evening News in 1913, where he would remain until 1935. From 1935 until his retirement in 1938 he drew for the Daily Mail.

During his 34-year career he drew 10,000 cartoons and his characters included "John Citizen", "Cuthbert" (a First World War conscientious objector), "Dilly" and "Dally", and "Dora". As a tribute to Winston Churchill for his 80th birthday in 1954, 50 cartoons of Churchill by Fearon were published in a commemorative volume.

Edward Hulton
Sir Edward Hulton, 1st Baronet (3 March 1869 – 23 May 1925) was a British newspaper proprietor and thoroughbred racehorse owner.

In 1921, he was awarded a baronetcy, of Downside in the parish of Leatherhead in Surrey, for public services during World War I, which became extinct on his death in 1925.
Yoshikazu Sugata
Yoshikazu Sugata (菅田 順和, Sugata Yoshikazu, 4 December 1953) is a Japanese former track cyclist who won a silver medal in the sprint competition at the 1977 UCI Track Cycling World Championships and a bronze medal in the same event in 1976. He was also a professional keirin cyclist with over 500 wins.

1976 UCI Track Cycling World Championships
The 1976 UCI Track Cycling World Championships were the World Championship for track cycling. They took place in Monteroni di Lecce, Italy in 1976. Due to the 1976 Summer Olympics only seven events were contested, 5 for men (3 for professionals, 2 for amateurs) and 2 for women.

In the same period, the 1976 UCI Road World Championships were organized in Ostuni.
Gareth Lewis
David Gareth Lewis (13 August 1931 – 27 May 1997 was an Anglican priest in the second half of the twentieth century.

Lewis was educated at Cyfarthfa Grammar School, Bangor University, Oriel College, Oxford and St Michael's College, Llandaff. He was ordained deacon in 1960 and priest in 1961. After a curacy in Neath he was Vice-Principal of Salisbury Theological College from 1963 to 1969; Dean of Belize from 1969 to 1978; Vicar of St Mark, Newport from 1978 to 1982; a canon residentiary of Newport Cathedral from 1982 to 1990; and Dean of Monmouth from 1990 to 1996.

Sarum College
Sarum College is a centre of theological learning in Salisbury, England. The college was established in 1995 and sits within the cathedral close on the north side of Salisbury Cathedral.

The Sarum College education programme ranges from short courses to postgraduate level, including certificates, diplomas and master's degrees courses in Christian Spirituality, Theology, Imagination and Culture.

The onsite theological library holds a collection of more than 35,000 books and journals and is open to students and the general public.

The college is a meeting and conference centre for groups, organisations and businesses and welcomes individuals for private stays, including B&B, study breaks, sabbaticals and retreats.
Gator Panic
Gator Panic is a redemption arcade game released in 1988 by Namco in Japan and Data East in North America. The game plays very much like Whac-A-Mole, but features alligators coming out of the cabinet horizontally instead of moles coming out vertically.

Data East
Data East Corporation (データイースト株式会社, Dēta Īsuto kabushiki gaisha), also abbreviated as DECO, was a Japanese video game, pinball and electronic engineering company. The company was in operation from 1976 to 2003, and released 150 video game titles. At one time, the company had annual sales of 20 billion yen in the United States alone but eventually went bankrupt. The American subsidiary, Data East USA, was headquartered in San Jose, California. Its main headquarters were located in the Suginami ward of Tokyo.

The majority of Data East's video games, its trademark, and its logo are currently owned by G-Mode, a mobile-focused subsidiary of the video game publisher Marvelous. A small number of Data East video games are owned by other companies, notably Paon DP.