hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Northern Arctic Ecozone (CEC)
The Northern Arctic Ecozone, as defined by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC), is a Canadian terrestrial ecozone which includes most of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, the Boothia and Melville Peninsulas of Nunavut, and the northwestern tip of Quebec. Its marine borders are with the Arctic Archipelago Marine Ecozone, and it is adjacent to the mainland Southern Arctic Ecozone.

Sparsely populated, it is home to 15,000 inhabitants, approximately 80% of whom are Inuit. The largest settlement is Iqaluit. The cold winters are very dark, typically having no daylight for weeks or even months north of the Arctic Circle.

Arctic Archipelago
The Arctic Archipelago, also known as the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, is an archipelago lying to the north of the Canadian continental mainland, excluding Greenland (an autonomous territory of the Danish Realm, which is, by itself, much larger than the combined area of the archipelago), and Iceland (an independent country).

Situated in the northern extremity of North America and covering about 1,424,500 km2 (550,000 sq mi), this group of 36,563 islands, surrounded by the Arctic Ocean, comprises much of Northern Canada, predominately Nunavut and the Northwest Territories. The archipelago is showing some effects of climate change, with some computer estimates determining that melting there will contribute 3.5 cm (1.4 in) to the rise in sea levels by 2100.
Azat (river)
The Azat (Armenian: Ազատ) is a river in the Kotayk Province of Armenia. Its source is on the western slope of the Geghama mountains. It flows through Garni, Lanjazat and Arevshat, before reaching the Aras near Artashat. The main purpose of the Azat dam irrigation and hydro power generation. Its hazard potential is ranked to be high.

The Azat is known in Armenia for its beauty. It flows for 55 kilometers and has a basin that occupies 572 square kilometers. The Azat passes through the Khosrov State Reserve. In its lower reaches, the river flows into the Ararat valley. The Azat is known for its numerous spectacular waterfalls and its rock choked riverbed.
Upper Azat Valley was listed to UNESCO world heritage site in 2000 with Geghard Monastery.

Artashat, Armenia
Artashat (Armenian: Արտաշատ [ɑɾtɑˈʃɑt]) is a city in Armenia, the administrative centre of the Ararat Province. It is located in the central part of the Ararat Plain, on the left bank of the Araks River, 30 km southeast of the capital Yerevan.

The city got its name from the settlement founded in 176 BC by King Artashes I, which served as the capital of Greater Armenia for almost four centuries, for which it received the nickname "Armenian Carthage" in ancient historiography. The current city is located 5 km northwest of historical Artashat.
Polythionates
Polythionates are oxyanions with the formula −O3S−Sn−SO−3 (n ≥ 0). They occur naturally and are the products of redox reactions of thiosulfate. Polythionates are readily isolable, unlike the parent polythionic acids.

Oxyanion
An oxyanion, or oxoanion, is an ion with the generic formula AxOz−y (where A represents a chemical element and O represents an oxygen atom). Oxyanions are formed by a large majority of the chemical elements. The corresponding oxyacid of an oxyanion is the compound HzAxOy. The structures of condensed oxyanions can be rationalized in terms of AOn polyhedral units with sharing of corners or edges between polyhedra. The oxyanions (specifically, phosphate and polyphosphate esters) adenosine monophosphate (AMP), adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) are important in biology.
Ayrton Sweeney
Ayrton Sweeney (born 11 May 1993) is a South African pool swimmer and artistic swimmer. He competed in the men's 200 metre individual medley event at the 2017 World Aquatics Championships. In 2019, he represented South Africa at the 2019 African Games held in Rabat, Morocco.

At the 2022 World Aquatics Championships, he and his partner Laura Strugnell compete at FINA World Aquatics Championships, placing 13th in the preliminary round of the mixed duet free routine.

2022 World Aquatics Championships
The 2022 World Aquatics Championships, the 19th edition of the FINA World Aquatics Championships, were held in Budapest, Hungary, from 17 June to 3 July 2022. These championships included five disciplines, with high diving not staged for this edition of the championships.
1st Colorado Cavalry Regiment
The 1st Colorado Cavalry Regiment was formed in November 1862 by Territorial Governor John Evans, composed mostly of members of the 1st Colorado Infantry Regiment and of C and D Companies of the 2nd Colorado Infantry Regiment.  It was formed both to protect Colorado against incursions from the Confederate forces and to fight the Native Americans who already inhabited the area.

Command of this unit was given to Colonel John Chivington, who had distinguished himself at the Battle of Glorieta Pass in the New Mexico Territory early in 1862 against Confederate forces.

The regiment was given a flag while in Denver. During the Battle of Glorieta Pass the flag was ripped up by Confederate batteries. Later that year while in New Mexico they were presented with a new flag. Company A carried their own flag that was made by the a group of women from Denver.

Territory
A territory is an area of land, sea, or space, belonging or connected to a particular country, person, or animal.

In international politics, a territory is usually a geographic area which has not been granted the powers of self-government, i.e. an area that is under the jurisdiction of a sovereign state.

As a subdivision, a territory in most countries is an organized division of an area that is controlled by a country but is not formally developed into, or incorporated into, a political unit of that country, which political units are of equal status to one another and are often referred to by words such as "provinces", "regions", or "states". In its narrower sense, it is "a geographic region, such as a colonial possession, that is dependent on an external government."
Sides (album)
Sides is the fourth studio album by English musician and composer Anthony Phillips. It was released in April 1979 by Arista Records in the United Kingdom and in June 1979 on Passport Records in the United States. After completing Private Parts & Pieces (1978), an album of home recordings that Phillips had recorded years before but remained unreleased, Phillips returned to making a commercial record. The UK release saw the first 5,000 copies of Sides packaged with a Collectors Album edition of Private Parts & Pieces.

Morris Pert
Morris David Brough Pert (8 September 1947 – 27 April 2010) was a Scottish composer, drummer/percussionist, and pianist who composed in the fields of both contemporary classical and jazz-rock music. His compositions include three symphonies, piano music, chamber and solo instrumental music, choral music and "sonic landscapes" for electronic media; a late major work is "Ankh" for Carnyx and electronics written for eminent trombonist John Kenny.
TWA Flight 553
Trans World Airlines (TWA) Flight 553 was a McDonnell Douglas DC-9-15 jet airliner, registration N1063T, operated by Trans World Airlines on March 9, 1967, between Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania and Dayton, Ohio. While descending toward Dayton about 29 miles (25 nmi; 47 km) from the airport, the aircraft collided in midair with a Beechcraft Baron, a small, general-aviation airplane, near Urbana, Ohio. All 25 aboard the DC-9 and the sole occupant of the Beechcraft were killed.

National Transportation Safety Board
The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) is an independent U.S. government investigative agency responsible for civil transportation accident investigation. In this role, the NTSB investigates and reports on aviation accidents and incidents, certain types of highway crashes, ship and marine accidents, pipeline incidents, bridge failures, and railroad accidents. The NTSB is also in charge of investigating cases of hazardous materials releases that occur during transportation. The agency is based in Washington, D.C. It has three regional offices, located in Anchorage, Alaska; Aurora, Colorado; and Federal Way, Washington. The agency also operated a national training center at its Ashburn facility.
Kesavaram
Kesavaram is a village in West Godavari district in Andhra Pradesh, India. It falls under Ganapavaram mandal.

As of 2011 census, the mandal had a population of 64,963 with 18,622 households. The total population constitute, 32,519 males and 32,444 females —a sex ratio of 997 females per 1000 males. 5,894 children are in the age group of 0–6 years, of which 2,957 are boys and 2,937 are girls. The literacy rate stands at 68.35% with 44,406 literates.[1]. Kesavaram - KSVM has a railway station connecting major cities.

West Godavari district
West Godavari district is a coastal district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh with an administrative headquarters in Bhimavaram. It is bounded by the Krishna district and Bay of Bengal to the south, East Godavari district to the east, and Eluru district, Kolleru Lake and Upputeru Drain to the northwest.
Louis d'Or (award)
The Louis d'Or is a Dutch acting award, given annually to the actor with the most impressive leading role of the theater season. It is awarded by the Vereniging van Schouwburg- en Concertgebouwdirecties (VSCD), the main trade organisation for theaters in The Netherlands. The award itself is a golden medal, currently designed by Eric Claus. It was named after the Dutch actor Louis Bouwmeester. Its female counterpart is the Theo d'Or.

The Louis d'Or is awarded annually, along with the other VSCD stage awards, at the Gala of Dutch Theater in the Stadsschouwburg in Amsterdam.

Stadsschouwburg
The Stadsschouwburg (Dutch pronunciation: [stɑtˈsxʌubʏr(ə)x]; Dutch: Municipal Theatre) of Amsterdam is a theatre building on the Leidseplein in Amsterdam, Netherlands. The building was built in 1894 in the neo-Renaissance style, and was the home of the National Ballet and Opera.
Marieke Vervoort
Marieke Vervoort (10 May 1979 – 22 October 2019) was a Belgian Paralympic athlete with reflex sympathetic dystrophy. She won several medals at the Paralympics, and she received worldwide attention in 2016 when she revealed that she was considering euthanasia.

Belgians
Belgians (Dutch: Belgen [ˈbɛlɣə(n)] ⓘ; French: Belges [bɛlʒ] ⓘ; German: Belgier [ˈbɛlɡi̯ɐ] ⓘ) are people identified with the Kingdom of Belgium, a federal state in Western Europe. As Belgium is a multinational state, this connection may be residential, legal, historical, or cultural rather than ethnic. The majority of Belgians, however, belong to two distinct linguistic groups or communities (Dutch: gemeenschap; French: communauté) native to the country, i.e. its historical regions: Flemings in Flanders, who speak Dutch, West Flemish and Limburgish; and Walloons in Wallonia, who speak French or Walloon. There is also a substantial Belgian diaspora, which has settled primarily in the United States, Canada, France, and the Netherlands.
Musée Condé
The Musée Condé (French: [myze kɔ̃de]) – in English, the Condé Museum – is a French museum located inside the Château de Chantilly in Chantilly, Oise, 40 km (24.8 mi) north of Paris. In 1897, Henri d'Orléans, Duke of Aumale, son of Louis Philippe I, bequeathed the château and its collections to the Institut de France. It included rooms remodeled as museum spaces and those left as residential quarters in the styles of the 18th and 19th centuries.

Oise
Oise (/wɑːz/ WAHZ; French: [waz] ⓘ; Picard: Oése) is a department in the north of France. It is named after the river Oise. Inhabitants of the department are called Oisiens (French: [wazjɛ̃]) or Isariens, after the Latin name for the river, Isara. It had a population of 829,419 in 2019.
Armin Hansen
Armin Carl Hansen (1886–1957) was an American prominent painter of the en plein air school, and a native of San Francisco, best known for his marine canvases. His father Herman Wendelborg Hansen was also an artist of the American West. Armin Hansen studied at the California School of Design (now the San Francisco Art Institute), and in Europe. He achieved international recognition for his scenes depicting men and the sea off the northern coast of California. He was elected an Associate to the National Academy of Design in 1926 and an Academician in 1948.

Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco
The Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco (FAMSF),
comprising the de Young Museum in Golden Gate Park and the Legion of Honor in Lincoln Park, is the largest public arts institution in the city of San Francisco. FAMSF's combined attendance was 1,158,264 visitors in 2022, making it the fifth most attended art institution in the United States. In 2024, the two combined museums were ranked 15th in The Washington Post's list of the best art museums in the U.S.

Opened in 1895, the de Young is home to American art from the 17th century through today, textile arts and costumes, African art, Oceanic art, arts of the Americas, and contemporary art. Opened in 1924, the Legion of Honor showcases European painting, sculpture, and decorative arts, ancient art, graphic arts, and contemporary art in dialogue with its historical collections and Beaux-Arts style building. In total the collection holds 130,000 objects.
Helena Guttormsdotter
Helena Guttormsdotter, fl 1205, was a Swedish noble and landholder, known as the royal mistress of Valdemar II of Denmark.

Helena was the daughter of a Swedish Jarl, Guttorm. She married the Danish noble Esbern Snare and became the mother of Lady Ingeborg of Kalundborg. She was widowed in 1204, and had a relationship with Valdemar II, with whom she had Canute, Duke of Estonia. The relationship was terminated when he married Dagmar of Bohemia. Helena returned to Sweden, where she founded the chapel Vår Frus kapell in Linköping. She was a landholder in Sweden, and left her estates there to her son after her death.

Linköping
Linköping (/ˈlɪnʃəpɪŋ/ ⓘ LIN-shə-ping, Swedish: [ˈlɪ̂nːˌɕøːpɪŋ] ⓘ) is a city in southern Sweden, with around 167,000 inhabitants as of 2024. It is the seat of Linköping Municipality and the capital of Östergötland County. Linköping is also the episcopal see of the Diocese of Linköping (Church of Sweden) and is well known for its cathedral. Linköping is the center of an old cultural region and celebrated its 700th anniversary in 1987. Dominating the city's skyline from afar is the steeple of the cathedral (Domkyrkan).

Nowadays, Linköping is known for its university and its high-technology industry. Linköping wants to create a sustainable development of the city and therefore plans to become a carbon-neutral community by 2025. Located on the Östergötland Plain, Linköping is closely linked to Norrköping, roughly 40 kilometres (25 mi) to the east, near the sea.
Millbrook Steamboat and Trading Co.
The Millbrook Steamboat & Trading Company was a ferry operator on the River Tamar between Devon and Cornwall in England. It was started in 1894, and initially operated a ferry route from Millbrook in Cornwall to Plymouth. It expanded, and eventually became the largest river boat operator in the Plymouth area. From 1943 it operated the Cremyll Ferry.

The company also operated bus services on the Rame Peninsula in Cornwall. The bus services were eventually taken over by Western National.

In 1980 the company was sold to Dart Pleasure Craft. In 1985 the new owners pulled out of operations in the Plymouth area, and the company closed.

Rame Peninsula
The Rame Peninsula /ˈreɪm/ (Cornish: Gorenys Rama) is a peninsula in south-east Cornwall. It is surrounded by the English Channel to the south, Plymouth Sound to the east, the Hamoaze to the northeast and the estuary of the River Lynher to the north-west. On a clear day, the Atlantic Ocean can be seen from advantageous points from Rame Head. The largest settlement is Torpoint, which is on the eastern coast, facing Devonport in Plymouth, Devon.

The peninsula is named after Rame Head, a headland on the south of the peninsula. The peninsula also includes the village and parish of Rame. 50°19′26″N 4°12′50″W﻿ / ﻿50.324°N 4.214°W﻿ / 50.324; -4.214 The entire area of the peninsula is designated an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.
CHG International
CHG International was an American real estate developer that rose to prominence in the 1980s, primarily in Seattle, Washington. The company was formed in 1971 by Henry Griffin and Clint Hergert and began buying up property in Downtown Seattle in 1976. By 1980, the company had become the largest landowner in Downtown Seattle, with more than 40 properties valued at $1.4 billion.

CHG signed a development agreement with the Washington State Convention Center in 1983 to fund private development at the proposed convention center, in exchange for air rights on several downtown parcels. The deal collapsed in December 1984, when CHG filed for bankruptcy after its primary lender, Westside Federal Savings and Loan, backed out. The state government eventually bought out CHG's share of the development agreement.

Air rights
In real estate, air rights are the property interest in the "space" above the Earth's surface. Generally speaking, owning or renting land or a building includes the right to use and build in the space above the land without interference by others.

This legal concept is encoded in the Latin phrase Cuius est solum, eius est usque ad coelum et ad inferos ("Whoever owns the soil, it is theirs up to Heaven and down to Hell."), which appears in medieval Roman law and is credited to 13th-century glossator Accursius; it was notably popularized in common law in Commentaries on the Laws of England (1766) by William Blackstone; see origins of phrase for details. In the 20th century, the splitting of air-rights from the underlying property became an important issue for property development, particularly for skyscrapers in some crowded cities.
1968 Vuelta a España, Stage 1a to Stage 8
The 1968 Vuelta a España was the 23rd edition of the Vuelta a España, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Vuelta began in Zaragoza on 25 April, and Stage 8 occurred on 2 May with a stage to Almansa. The race finished in Bilbao on 12 May.

Salou
Salou (Catalan pronunciation: [səˈlɔw]) is a resort town and municipality of the comarca of Tarragonès, in the province of Tarragona, in Catalonia, Spain. It has a population of 30,810 (register office, 2024) . The city is approximately 10 km from Tarragona and Reus on the Costa Daurada and 112 km from Barcelona.

Founded by the Greeks in the 6th century B.C., the coastal town was a notable commercial port during medieval and modern ages. Throughout the 20th century, Salou became an important European tourist attraction.

Aside from its string of beaches interrupted by rocky coves, and its landscaped promenade, one of its main attractions is the PortAventura World resort. The Dutch movie Costa! and the television series with the same title were both filmed in Salou.
Impala mine
The Impala mine is a large platinum mine located near Rustenburg in the North West Province of South Africa. Impala represents one of the largest platinum reserves in South Africa having estimated reserves of 68.9 million oz of platinum. The mine produces around 800,000 oz of platinum/year.

Ounce
The  ounce (/ˈaʊns/) is any of several different units of mass, weight, or volume and is derived almost unchanged from the uncia, an Ancient Roman unit of measurement.

The avoirdupois ounce (exactly 28.349523125 g) is 1⁄16 avoirdupois pound; this is the United States customary and British imperial ounce. It is primarily used in the United States.

Although the avoirdupois ounce is the mass measure used for most purposes, the 'troy ounce' of exactly 31.1034768 g is used instead for the mass of precious metals such as gold, silver, platinum, palladium, rhodium, etc.

The term 'ounce' is also used in other contexts:

The ounce-force is a measure of force (see below).

The fluid ounce is a measure of volume.

Historically, a variety of different ounces measuring mass or volume were used in different jurisdictions by different trades and at different times in history.
1979 Ankara Turkish Airlines F28 crash
On December 23, 1979, a Turkish Airlines Fokker F28 Fellowship 1000  airliner, registration TC-JAT, named Trabzon, on a domestic passenger flight from Samsun Airport to Esenboğa International Airport in Ankara, flew into the side of a hill 1,400 m (4,600 ft) near the village of Kuyumcuköy in Çubuk district of Ankara Province, 32 km (20 mi) north-northeast of the destination airport on approach to landing.

The crew had deviated from the localizer course while on an ILS approach experiencing severe turbulence.

Çubuk
Çubuk is a municipality and district of Ankara Province, Turkey. Its area is 1,198 km2, and its population is 95,449 (2022). Çubuk is in a flat plain 35 km north of the city of Ankara, where Ankara airport is located. Its elevation is 1,000 m (3,281 ft).
Mumbai CSMT–Madgaon Jan Shatabdi Express
The 12052/12051 Mumbai CSMT - Madgaon Junction Jan Shatabdi Express is a Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways - Konkan Railway division that runs between Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus and Madgaon in India.

It operates as train number 12051 from CSMT to Madgaon Junction and as train number 12052 in the reverse direction. During monsoon timetable, 12052 will not go in reverse direction due to time clash. So it will rest at Madgaon Junction coming from CSMT and next day that same rake will originate from Madgaon Junction. It is one of the fastest and longest route running Jan Shatabdi train in Konkan Railways and is immensely popular amongst the people travelling to Konkan and Goa. Earlier this train used to originate/terminate at Dadar Terminus in Mumbai.

Indian locomotive class WDP-4
The Indian locomotive class WDP-4 (EMD GT46PAC) is a passenger-hauling diesel–electric locomotive with AC electric transmission designed by General Motors Electro-Motive Division and built by both GM-EMD and under license by Banaras Locomotive Works (BLW) of Varanasi, India for Indian Railways as the classes WDP4, WDP4B and WDP4D. The GT46PAC is a passenger version of the previous Indian Railways EMD GT46MAC (WDG-4) freight locomotive. The locomotive has a 16-cylinder 710G3B diesel engine and is one of the fastest diesel–electric locomotives in service in Indian Railways.
Galarreta
Galarreta, also de Galarreta, is a Basque surname, connected with the village of Galarreta, Álava, Basque Country, Spain. It is prevalent in Peru and Spain.

Notable people with this surname include:

Alberto Ruiz de Galarreta Mocoroa (1922–2019), Spanish historian

Alfonso de Galarreta (born 1957), Spanish-Argentinian bishop

Iñigo Ruiz de Galarreta (born 1993), Spanish footballer

Luis Galarreta (born 1973), Peruvian politician

Luis Galarreta
Luis Fernando Galarreta Velarde (born 12 March 1971) is a Peruvian Fujimorist politician and a former Congressman representing Lima between 2006 and 2020. He was President of the Congress for the 2017–2018 annual term. Galarreta was part of the presidential ticket of Keiko Fujimori in the 2021 elections that lost the elections to the Pedro Castillo ticket, however, he was elected to the Andean Parliament.

Luis Fernando Galarreta Velarde with DNI / CIN / CI / ID 09537000 (Lima, Peru, March 12, 1971), according to the National Elections Board of the Republic of Peru, is a candidate for first vice-presidency of the Republic of Peru, for the political party Fuerza Popular for the period 2026-2031, has declared, on December 19, 2025, as his address the address of Jirón Amancaes number 466 interior number 303, urbanization Casuarinas Sur, district of Santiago de Surco, province of Lima, department of Lima, country Peru.