hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Casady
Casady is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bianca Leilani Casady, member of CocoRosie

Guymon Casady (born 1969), American talent manager and producer

Ian Casady (born 1980), American professional ballet dancer

Jack Casady (born 1944), American bass guitarist

Jefferson P. Casady (1823–1898), American politician

Phineas M. Casady (1818–1908), American politician

Robin Casady (died 2020), American businessman

Samuel H. Casady (c. 1831–1873), American politician

Sierra Rose Casady, member of CocoRosie

Simon Casady (1852–1928), American banker

Simon Casady (1908–1995),  journalist and political figure

Thomas Casady (1881–1958), bishop of Oklahoma

Virginia Casady, American politician

Simon Casady
Simon Casady (June 16, 1852 – March 25, 1928) was a prominent banker in Iowa, best known for his role in organizing the Des Moines Bank, which later evolved into the Des Moines Savings Bank. Casady served as the president of the Des Moines Savings Bank and the Central State Bank, as well as the vice president of the Iowa National Bank and the treasurer of the Bankers Life Association. Casady has been referred to as "the dean of Iowa bankers" in news accounts.He was a member of the Casady family, an influential lineage of bankers, politicians, landowners, and farmers who played a significant role in the early history and legislative matters of Iowa.
Marietta Johnson School of Organic Education
The Marietta Johnson School of Organic Education was a school in Fairhope, Alabama, United States, founded by Marietta Johnson.

The School of Organic Education facility was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.

The listing included three contributing buildings: the Bell Building built and expanded in 1904 and 1910;  Dahlgren Hall, built in 1912; and the Art Barn, built in 1924.

The school was profiled by educator John Dewey in his 1913 book Schools of Tomorrow.

The campus was sold to Faulkner State College sometime during or before 1987.

Fairhope, Alabama
Fairhope is a city in Baldwin County, Alabama, United States, located on the eastern shoreline of Mobile Bay. The population was 22,477 at the 2020 census. Fairhope is a principal city of the Daphne-Fairhope-Foley metropolitan area, which includes all of Baldwin County.
Ecdysteroid
Ecdysteroids are arthropod steroid hormones that are mainly responsible for molting (ecdysis), development and, to a lesser extent, reproduction; examples of ecdysteroids include ecdysone, 20-hydroxyecdysone (ecdysterone), turkesterone and 2-deoxyecdysone. These compounds are synthesized in arthropods from dietary cholesterol via the Halloween family of cytochrome P450 enzymes.

Compounds with ecdysteroid activity in arthropods are not only produced by these animals (zooecdysteroids). Phytoecdysteroids also appear in many plants mostly as a protection agents (toxins or antifeedants) against herbivore insects. Fungi also produce a handful of mycoecdysteroids. In addition, synthetic ecdysteroid pesticides such as methoxyfenozide have been produced.

Cytochrome P450
Cytochromes P450 (P450s or CYPs) are a superfamily of enzymes containing heme as a cofactor that mostly, but not exclusively, function as monooxygenases. However, they are not omnipresent; for example, they have not been found in Escherichia coli. In mammals, these enzymes oxidize steroids, fatty acids,  xenobiotics, and participate in many biosyntheses. By hydroxylation, CYP450 enzymes  convert xenobiotics into hydrophilic derivatives, which are more readily excreted.

P450s are, in general, the terminal oxidase enzymes in electron transfer chains, broadly categorized as P450-containing systems. The term "P450" is derived from the spectrophotometric peak at the wavelength of the absorption maximum of the enzyme (450 nm) when it is in the reduced state and complexed with carbon monoxide. Most P450s require a protein partner to deliver one or more electrons to reduce the iron (and eventually molecular oxygen).
Edgardo Delos Santos
Edgardo "Edgar" Lao Delos Santos (born June 12, 1952) is a former Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines.  He was appointed by President Rodrigo Duterte to replace Justice Antonio Carpio.

Supreme Court of the Philippines
The Supreme Court (Filipino: Kataas-taasang Hukuman), colloquially referred to as the Korte Suprema (also used in formal writing), is the highest court in the Philippines. It was established by the Taft Commission in June 11, 1901, through the enactment of Act No. 136, which abolished the Real Audiencia of Manila, the predecessor of the Supreme Court.

The Supreme Court compound is located in what was formerly a part of the University of the Philippines Manila campus. It occupies the corner of Padre Faura Street and Taft Avenue in Ermita, Manila, with the main building sited directly in front of Philippine General Hospital's cancer institute.
Ferzat Jarban
Ferzat Jaban (died November 19 or 20, 2011) was the first Syrian journalist reported to be killed while covering the Syrian civil war, according to the Committee to Protect Journalists.

Jarban was a Syrian freelance cameraman who was found dead one day after being arrested for reporting on an anti-government protest and the clashes between protesters and security forces in Al-Qusayr, Homs Governorate, Syria. His videos have appeared on several Arab satellite news outlets.

Committee to Protect Journalists
The Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ) is an American 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization based in New York City, with correspondents around the world. CPJ promotes press freedom and defends the rights of journalists. The American Journalism Review has called the organization "Journalism's Red Cross." Since the late 1980s, CPJ has published an annual census of journalists killed or imprisoned in relation to their work.
1994–95 Essex Senior Football League
The 1994–95 season was the 24th in the history of Essex Senior Football League a football competition in England.

The league featured 15 clubs which competed in the league last season, no new clubs joined the league this season.

Great Wakering Rovers were champions, winning their first Essex Senior League title.

Essex Senior Football League
The Essex Senior Football League is an English men's football league. It contains clubs from the Essex FA, Hertfordshire FA, London FA, Middlesex FA and the Amateur Football Alliance. It is a feeder league to Division One North of the Isthmian League and has a single division which sits at Step 5 (or Level 9) of the National League System.
Macronycteris besaoka
Macronycteris besaoka is an extinct bat from Madagascar in the genus Macronycteris. It is known from numerous jaws and teeth, which were collected in a cave at Anjohibe in 1996 and described as a new species in 2007. The site where H. besaoka was found is at most 10,000 years old; other parts of the cave have yielded H. commersoni, a living species of Hipposideros from Madagascar, and some material that is distinct from both species. M. besaoka was larger than H. commersoni, making it the largest insectivorous bat of Madagascar, and had broader molars and a more robust lower jaw. As usual in Hipposideros, the second upper premolar is small and displaced from the toothrow, and the second lower premolar is large.

Glossary of mammalian dental topography
Many different terms have been proposed for features of the tooth crown in mammals.

The structures within the molars receive different names according to their position and morphology. This nomenclature was developed by Henry Fairfield Osborn in 1907 and is, although with many variations, the one that continues today.
Volkswagen EA827 engine
The EA827 family of petrol engines was initially developed by Audi under Ludwig Kraus leadership and introduced in 1972 by the B1-series Audi 80, and went on to power many Volkswagen Group models, with later derivatives of the engine still in production into the 2010s.  This is a very robust water-cooled engine configuration for four- up to eight- cylinders. 
In Brazil this engine was produced under the name Volkswagen AP AP (Alta Performance, "high performance").

There was also a range of EA827 diesel engines, sharing its 88-millimetre (3.46 in) cylinder spacing with the spark ignition petrol engines.

Petrol engine
A petrol engine (gasoline engine in American and Canadian English) is an internal combustion engine that runs on petrol (gasoline). Petrol engines can often be adapted to also run on fuels such as liquefied petroleum gas and ethanol blends (such as E10 and E85). They may be designed to run on petrol with a higher octane rating, as sold at petrol stations.

Most petrol engines use spark ignition, unlike diesel engines which run on diesel fuel and typically use compression ignition. Another key difference to diesel engines is that petrol engines typically have a lower compression ratio.
Nonparametric skew
In statistics and probability theory, the nonparametric skew is a statistic occasionally used with random variables that take real values. It is a measure of the skewness of a random variable's distribution—that is, the distribution's tendency to "lean" to one side or the other of the mean.  Its calculation does not require any knowledge of the form of the underlying distribution—hence the name nonparametric. It has some desirable properties: it is zero for any symmetric distribution; it is unaffected by a scale shift; and it reveals either left- or right-skewness equally well. In some statistical samples it has been shown to be less powerful than the usual measures of skewness in detecting departures of the population from normality.

Absolute value
In mathematics, the absolute value or modulus of a real number , denoted , is the (non-negative) magnitude of  measured without regard to its sign. Namely,  if  is a positive number, and  if  is negative (in which case negating  makes  positive), and . For example, the absolute value of 3 is 3, and the absolute value of −3 is also 3. The absolute value of a number may be thought of as its distance from zero.

Generalisations of the absolute value for real numbers occur in a wide variety of mathematical settings. For example, an absolute value is also defined for the complex numbers, the quaternions, ordered rings, fields and vector spaces. The absolute value is closely related to the notions of magnitude, distance, and norm in various mathematical and physical contexts.
Ryan Khatam
Ryan Khatam (born 1982) is an American animator and storyboard artist. He has worked on Metalocalypse and MTV's Good Vibes. He was also a storyboard artist for two season 1 episodes of Breadwinners. He worked as an animator on the Gecko & Sticky segment of Shredderman Rules and on Baton (バトン, directed by Ryuhei Kitamura). Khatam also worked as an animator on Black Panther and TripTank. In 2013, he worked on the Kickstarter-funded feature film Dick Figures: The Movie. In November 2014 he launched his own Kickstarter for Johnny Rocketfingers 3.

Black Panther (TV series)
Black Panther is an American motion comic and television series by Marvel Knights Animation, based on the Marvel Comics superhero of the same name. It was the first animated television series produced by BET since Hey Monie!. Each of the six episodes of the series was 20 minutes in length.
Rodin (surname)
Rodin is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alexandr Rodin (1947–2022), Belarusian painter

Alexey Grigoryevich Rodin (1902–1955), Soviet general

Auguste Rodin (1840–1917), French sculptor, for whom is named:
Rodin (crater), a crater on Mercury
6258 Rodin, an asteroid
Rodin (film), a 2017 film about Auguste Rodin

Burton Rodin (born 1933), American mathematician

Dmitry Rodin (1912–1992), Red Army officer

Georgy Rodin (1897–1976), Red Army general

Gil Rodin (1906–1974), American jazz saxophonist

Ivan Rodin (born 1987), Russian football player

Janko Rodin (1900–1974), Croatian football player

Judith Rodin (born 1944), American university administrator

Nikolay Ivanovich Rodin (1924–2013), Soviet pilot

Odile Rodin (1937–2018), French actress

Oleh Rodin (born 1956), Russian football player

Oleksandr Rodin (born 1975), Ukrainian composer

Viktor Rodin (1928–2011), Soviet general

Dmitry Rodin
Dmitry Ivanovich Rodin (Russian: Дмитрий Ильич Родин; 21 July 1912 – 6 June 1992) was a Red Army junior lieutenant and Hero of the Soviet Union. Rodin was awarded the title for his leadership of a platoon during the Lublin–Brest Offensive, during which he was seriously wounded for the sixth time. As a result of this, Rodin spent the rest of the war in the hospital and was discharged in April 1945. Postwar, he worked as an engineer in the Ministry of Railways design and research institute.
Mike Younger
Michael Edward Younger (born 29 November 1951) is a former English cricketer.  Younger was a left-handed batsman who bowled slow left-arm orthodox.  He was born in Corbridge, Northumberland.

Younger made his debut for Northumberland in the 1974 Minor Counties Championship against Durham.  Younger played Minor counties cricket for Northumberland from 1974 to 1994, which included 156 Minor Counties Championship matches and 20 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches. He made his List A debut for Northumberland against Middlesex in the 1984 NatWest Trophy.  He made 4 further List A matches for the county, the last coming against Nottinghamshire in the 1994 NatWest Trophy. In his 5 List A matches, he scored 123 runs at a batting average of 30.75. He made his only half century when he scored 57 against Middlesex in the 1984 NatWest Trophy. With the ball, he took 2 wickets at a bowling average of 75.50, with best figures of 2/32.

Northumberland County Cricket Club
Northumberland County Cricket Club is one of twenty minor county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England, and Wales. It represents the historic county of Northumberland.

The team is currently a member of the Minor Counties Championship Eastern Division and plays in the MCCA Knockout Trophy. Northumberland played List A matches occasionally from 1971 until 2005, but is not classified as a List A team per se.

The club is based at Osborne Avenue, Jesmond and also plays matches around the county at Benwell Park and at the South Northumberland CC ground at Gosforth.
1947 Polish presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Poland on February 5th 1947, the last presidential elections until 1989. The president had to be elected by the newly formed Legislative Sejm among presented candidates. However, the only standing figure was Bolesław Bierut. Bierut received 408 votes, with the opposition Polish People's Party voting against by casting blank (24) or invalid (1) votes.

Legislative Sejm (1947–1952)
Legislative Sejm (Polish: Sejm Ustawodawczy) was the first national parliament (Sejm) of the newly created Polish People's Republic. It was elected in the 1947 Polish parliamentary election, the first since World War II. The first Legislative Sejm was formed in the aftermath of World War I on the territories of the newly formed Second Polish Republic.
South Londonderry
South Londonderry can refer to:

In Northern Ireland

South Londonderry (UK Parliament constituency), a former UK Parliament constituency

South Londonderry (Northern Ireland Parliament constituency), a former Northern Ireland Parliament constituency

The southern part of County Londonderry

In the United States

South Londonderry Township, Pennsylvania

South Londonderry, Vermont
South Londonderry Village Historic District

South Londonderry Village Historic District
The South Londonderry Village Historic District encompasses a significant portion of the historic developed area of the village of South Londonderry, Vermont.  The village has a well-preserved mid-19th century core, with most of its major development history taking place between about 1806 and 1860.  The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.
Escoffier (surname)
Escoffier is a surname of French origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Alain Escoffier (1949–1977), French anti-communist activist and martyr

Anne-Marie Escoffier (born 1942), French politician

Antoine Escoffier (born 1992), French tennis player

Auguste Escoffier (1846–1935), French chef, the father of cuisine classique style of haute cuisine

Jean-Yves Escoffier (1950–2003), French cinematographer

Jeffrey Escoffier (1942–2022), American author, activist, and media strategist

Kevin Escoffier (born 1980), French professional sailor

Louis-Casimir Escoffier, known as Casimir Ney (1801–1877), French composer and violist

Jean-Yves Escoffier
Jean-Yves Escoffier (12 July 1950 – 1 April 2003) was a French cinematographer. For his work on films by Leos Carax, Escoffier received the European Film Award for Best Cinematographer and was nominated for the César Award for Best Cinematography.
And the Breadwinner Is...
And the Breadwinner Is... is a 2024 Philippine family comedy-drama film directed by Jun Robles Lana from a screenplay he co-wrote with Daisy G. Cayanan and Jonathan "Jumbo" Albano, who wrote the story concept. The film features an ensemble cast featuring Vice Ganda and Eugene Domingo. It follows the story of a breadwinner who returns to the country after working overseas.

A co-production of Star Cinema and The IdeaFirst Company, it marks the very first collaboration between the two production companies and Vice Ganda's second film without the involvement of Viva Films since The Super Parental Guardians and his first film after a two-year hiatus in cinema. It was released theatrically on December 25, 2024, as part of the 50th Metro Manila Film Festival.

Star Cinema
ABS-CBN Film Productions, Inc., doing business as Star Cinema, is a Filipino film studio based in Quezon City. Star Cinema is owned by the Filipino media and entertainment conglomerate ABS-CBN Corporation and was incorporated on May 8, 1993, as Star Cinema Productions, Inc. with the help of Lily Monteverde and Regal Films. Since its inception, Star Cinema has produced some of the highest-grossing Filipino films of all time. Star Cinema has also been involved in the production of some TV series shown on ABS-CBN television network with Pangako Sa 'Yo in 2000 as its initial production.
Thermal conductivity measurement
There are a number of possible ways to measure thermal conductivity, each of them suitable for a limited range of materials, depending on the thermal properties and the medium temperature. Three classes of methods exist to measure the thermal conductivity of a sample: steady-state, time-domain, and frequency-domain methods.

Second
The second (symbol: s) is a unit of time derived from the division of the day, first into hours, then into minutes, and lastly into seconds, for a total of 24 × 60 × 60 = 86,400 seconds per day. The definition that is based on 1⁄86400 of a rotation of the earth is still used by the Universal Time 1 (UT1) system.

The current and formal definition in the International System of Units (SI) is more precise:

The second [...] is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the caesium frequency, ΔνCs, the unperturbed ground-state hyperfine transition frequency of the caesium 133 atom, to be 9192631770 when expressed in the unit Hz, which is equal to s−1.

This current definition was adopted in 1967 when it became feasible to define the second based on fundamental properties of nature with caesium clocks. As the speed of Earth's rotation varies and is slowing ever so slightly, a leap second is added at irregular intervals to civil time to keep clocks in sync with Earth's rotation.
Bronwydd
Bronwydd is a village and community in the county of Carmarthenshire, Wales, situated about three miles north of Carmarthen in the valley of the River Gwili. Bronwydd community comprises the village of Bronwydd Arms, a couple of nearby hamlets and a number of working farms in the surrounding area. In Census 2011, it had a population of 564.

Bronwydd Arms railway station is a halt on the Gwili Railway. Cwmgwili mansion, home to a prominent local family, the Philipps, has 17th century features and is a grade II* listed building.

Bronwydd Arms was one of six broadband "not-spots" in Wales - communities without high-speed internet access. In December 2008, the Welsh Assembly Government and BT confirmed that coverage in these areas would be upgraded in April 2009.

The community is bordered by the communities of: Llanpumsaint; Llanllawddog; Abergwili; Carmarthen; Newchurch and Merthyr; and Cynwyl Elfed, all being in Carmarthenshire.

Gwili Railway
The Gwili Railway (Welsh: Rheilffordd Gwili) is a Welsh heritage railway, that operates a preserved standard gauge railway line from the site of Abergwili Junction (near Carmarthen) in southwest Wales along a four-and-a-half-mile (7.2 km) section of the former Carmarthen to Aberystwyth line. The original railway closed in 1965, with the track being lifted in 1975.
Jasmin Rosenberger
Jasmin Rosenberger (Turkish: Yasemin Rosenberger; born October 16, 1985) is a Turkish female swimmer competing in the butterfly events. She is a member of Fenerbahçe Swimming in Istanbul. In Germany, she swims for SV Wacker Burghausen, Erster Münchner SC and SG Essen.

Her identical twin sister Iris is also a swimmer. The twins were born to German father Peter Rosenberger and Turkish mother Leyla Aktaş-Rosenberger, a painter, ceramic artist and sculptor, in Traunstein, Germany. They have a younger sister Deniz, who is also a swimmer. Jasmin studied law at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich.

Jasmin is the holder of Turkish national records of 200 m butterfly at short course with 2:10.60 set in 2009 and at long course with 2:14.26 set in 2012. She was the member of the Turkish team, which set a new national record at short course in 4×50 m medley relay with 1:53.48.

SG Essen
The SG Essen (full name: Startgemeinschaft Essen) is a swimming club in Essen (North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany). In effect, it is a union of the swimming sections of 13 sports clubs. The SG Essen is one of the most successful swimming associations in West Germany. The woman team, for instance, is in the first Bundesliga (i.e. national league), the man team in the second.
The Last Dance (Spice 1 album)
The Last Dance is the seventh studio album by American rapper Spice 1. It was released on May 16, 2000, by Mobb Status Entertainment and Thug World Entertainment. The album was produced by G-Man Stan, DJ Squeeky, Al Eaton, Beezie, Blackjack, Clint "Payback" Sands, DJ Daryl, Pimp C, and Sean T. It features guest appearances from UGK, 2-Ton, Bad Azz, Black C, C-Bo, Crime Boss, MJG, Outlawz, Reefa, Sean T, and the Game Bangers. The album peaked at number 54 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums and number 28 on the Independent Albums charts in the United States.

The album marks Spice 1's first independent album since leaving Jive Records. It was well received by fans, praising Spice for returning to his raw lyricism and murderous tales, reminiscent of previous albums such as 187 He Wrote and AmeriKKKa's Nightmare.

Outlawz
Outlawz was an American hip-hop group founded by Tupac Shakur (Makaveli) and Yafeu Fula (Yaki Kadafi) in 1995. The group's core members originally performed under the names Thoro Headz and Young Thugz, first gaining recognition for their guest appearance on Shakur's 1993 track "Flex", which served as the B-side of his single "Holler If Ya Hear Me".

By 1995, the group had reorganized as Dramacydal. Under this name, they were featured on the tracks "Me Against the World" and "Outlaw" from Shakur's third studio album, Me Against the World. Following Shakur's release from prison in late 1995, the group was officially rebranded as the Outlaw Immortalz.