hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Snail
A snail is a shelled gastropod. The name is most often applied to land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs. However, the common name snail is also used for most of the members of the molluscan class Gastropoda that have a coiled shell that is large enough for the animal to retract completely into. When the word "snail" is used in this most general sense, it includes not just land snails but also numerous species of sea snails and freshwater snails. Gastropods that naturally lack a shell, or have only an internal shell, are mostly called slugs, and land snails that have only a very small shell (that they cannot retract into) are sometimes called semi-slugs.

Gastropod shell
The gastropod shell is part of the body of many gastropods, including snails, a kind of mollusc. The shell is an exoskeleton, which protects from predators, mechanical damage, and dehydration, but also serves for muscle attachment and calcium storage. Some gastropods appear shell-less (slugs) but may have a remnant within the mantle, or in some cases the shell is reduced such that the body cannot be retracted within it (semi-slug).

Some snails also possess an operculum that seals the opening of the shell, known as the aperture, which provides further protection. The study of mollusc shells is known as conchology. The biological study of gastropods, and other molluscs in general, is malacology. Shell morphology terms vary by species group.
Celestial Eye
The Celestial Eye goldfish or Choutengan is a double-tailed breed of fancy goldfish that possesses a distinctive pair of telescope eyes, in which the eyeballs are turned vertically and the pupils appear to be gazing skyward.

Upon hatching of celestial fry, the young fishes' eyes are positioned normally but gradually enlarge, such as with the telescope eye goldfish. However, the telescope-eye still gazes laterally; the celestial goldfish's pupils will shift to a near-vertical (at times, "cross-eyed") gaze within a six-month period after hatching, as the eyeballs are repositioned and the pupils are centered on the top of the head.

This process is entirely governed by genetics; early sources perpetuated the myth that the fish were bred in and contained within narrow-necked clay jars, with the eyes mutating upwards in search of what limited light they could receive.

Goldfish
The goldfish (Carassius auratus) is a freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae of the order Cypriniformes. It is commonly kept as a pet in indoor aquariums, and is one of the most popular aquarium fish. Goldfish released into the wild have become an invasive pest in parts of North America and Australia.

Native to China, the goldfish is a relatively small member of the genus Carassius (which also includes the Prussian carp and the crucian carp). It was first selectively bred for color in imperial China more than 1,000 years ago, where several distinct breeds were developed. Goldfish breeds vary greatly in size, body shape, fin configuration, and coloration. Various combinations of white, yellow, orange, red, brown, and black are known.
1995 CFL dispersal draft
After the Las Vegas Posse folded prior to the 1995 CFL season, a dispersal draft was held on 18 April 1995. 48 players were drafted among 13 teams over 5 rounds.

With the last pick in the draft, Ottawa drafted Darrell Robertson, who had been killed in a car crash the previous December.

Las Vegas Posse
The Las Vegas Posse were a Canadian Football League (CFL) team, that played at the Sam Boyd Silver Bowl in Las Vegas, Nevada, United States, in the league's 1994 season as part of the CFL's failed American expansion. Lasting only one season, the Posse were one of the least successful teams in CFL history, both on the field and off.
Vinland Estate
Vinland Estate was built at Ochre Point, Newport, Rhode Island, United States, in 1882 for tobacco heiress Catharine Lorillard Wolfe by Peabody & Stearns.  The Romanesque Revival style exterior consists of red sandstone with Aesthetic Movement style elements.  Interior elements include designs by William Morris, windows by Burne-Jones, and landscaping by Ernest Bowditch.

Burne-Jones baronets
The Burne-Jones Baronetcy, of Rottingdean in the County of Sussex, and of The Grange in the Parish of Fulham in the County of London, was a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 4 May 1894 for the artist and designer Edward Burne-Jones. He was closely associated with the later phase of the Pre-Raphaelite movement. He was succeeded by his eldest son, the second Baronet, who was also a painter. The title became extinct on his death in 1926.
Diesbach-Betschwanden railway station
Diesbach-Betschwanden railway station is a railway station in the municipality of Glarus Süd in the Swiss canton of Glarus. It takes its name from the nearby villages of Diesbach and Betschwanden. The station is situated on the Weesen to Linthal railway line, and served by the hourly Zürich S-Bahn service S25 between Zurich and Linthal.

Canton of Glarus
The canton of Glarus (German: Kanton Glarus [ˈɡlaːrʊs] ⓘ; Romansh: Chantun Glaruna; French: Canton de Glaris; Italian: Canton Glarona) is a canton in east-central Switzerland. The capital is Glarus.
The population speaks a variety of Alemannic German.
The majority of the population (81%) identifies as Christian, about evenly split between Protestants and Catholics.
Emerald City (TV series)
Emerald City is an American fantasy drama television series developed for NBC by Matthew Arnold and Josh Friedman based on the early 20th-century Oz book series written by L. Frank Baum, set in the fictional Land of Oz. Directed by Tarsem Singh and starring Adria Arjona, Oliver Jackson-Cohen, Ana Ularu and Vincent D'Onofrio, Emerald City received a 10-episode order by NBC in April 2015, which premiered on January 6, 2017, with a two-episode debut, and concluded on March 3, 2017. On May 5, 2017, NBC canceled the series after one season.

Cardinal direction
The four cardinal directions or cardinal points are the four main compass directions: north (N), east (E), south (S), and west (W). The corresponding azimuths (clockwise horizontal angle from north) are 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270°.

The four ordinal directions or intercardinal directions are northeast (NE), southeast (SE), southwest (SW), and northwest (NW).
The corresponding azimuths are 45°, 135°, 225°, and 315°.

The intermediate direction of every pair of neighboring cardinal and intercardinal directions is called a secondary intercardinal direction. These eight shortest points in the compass rose shown to the right are:

West-northwest (WNW)

North-northwest (NNW)

North-northeast (NNE)

East-northeast (ENE)

East-southeast (ESE)

South-southeast (SSE)

South-southwest (SSW)

West-southwest (WSW)

Points between the cardinal directions form the points of the compass. Arbitrary horizontal directions may be indicated by their azimuth angle value.
2023 Riojan regional election
The 2023 Riojan regional election was held on Sunday, 28 May 2023, to elect the 11th Parliament of the autonomous community of La Rioja. All 33 seats in the Parliament were up for election. It was held concurrently with regional elections in eleven other autonomous communities and local elections all throughout Spain.

The election saw the People's Party (PP) winning an absolute majority of seats which, under Gonzalo Capellán, ousted the incumbent coalition government of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) and Unidas Podemos led by Concha Andreu. The election also saw the entry into parliament of far-right Vox, which secured more votes than required to reach the election threshold of five percent, whereas the Riojan Party (PR) failed to secure the threshold for the third time in a row.

Concha Andreu
Concepción "Concha" Andreu Rodríguez (born 10 March 1967) is a Spanish oenologist and politician who served as the President of La Rioja from 2019 to 2023. From 2011 to 2024 she was a member of the Parliament of La Rioja.
The Evolutionary War
"The Evolutionary War" was a comic book crossover which ran through most of the 1988 annuals published by Marvel Comics. The principal writers included Gerry Conway, Steve Englehart, Louise Simonson, Chris Claremont, and Steve Gerber.

The storyline was the first of its kind. While there had been previous extended crossovers over multiple titles before it, "The Evolutionary War" was the first to take place exclusively in annuals. This format of crossover annuals was to be repeated by Marvel for the next four years, most notably with 1989's "Atlantis Attacks."

Steve Englehart
Steve Englehart (/ˈɛŋɡəlhɑːrt/; born April 22, 1947) is an American writer of comic books and novels. He is best known for his work at Marvel Comics and DC Comics in the 1970s and 1980s. His pseudonyms have included John Harkness and Cliff Garnett.
China-Sierra Leone Friendship Hospital
The China-Sierra Leone Friendship Hospital (Chinese: 塞拉利昂 - 中国友好醫院) is a modern hospital located in Jui, Sierra Leone, a town not far outside the capital of Freetown. It has 100 beds and is managed jointly by Sierra Leonean Ministry of Health and the Shandong Qushan Hospital, but is also 'twin hospitals' with Xiangya Hospital. It has departments for gynecology, surgery, ophthalmology, ear, nose, and throat, an ICU, and a mortuary. The hospital is built over an area of 7,738 square meters.

It also treated patients in the Western African Ebola virus epidemic.

Otorhinolaryngology
Otorhinolaryngology (/oʊtoʊˌraɪnoʊˌlærɪnˈɡɒlədʒi/ oh-toh-RY-noh-LARR-in-GOL-ə-jee, abbreviated ORL and also known as otolaryngology, otolaryngology – head and neck surgery (ORL–H&N or OHNS), or ear, nose, and throat (ENT) ) is a surgical subspecialty within medicine that deals with the surgical and medical management of conditions of the head and neck. Doctors who specialize in this area are called otorhinolaryngologists, otolaryngologists, head and neck surgeons, or ENT surgeons or physicians.

Patients seek treatment from an otorhinolaryngologist for diseases of the ear, nose, throat, base of the skull, head, and neck. These commonly include functional diseases that affect the senses and activities of eating, drinking, speaking, breathing, swallowing, and hearing. In addition, ENT surgery encompasses the surgical management of cancers and benign tumors and reconstruction of the head and neck as well as plastic surgery of the face, scalp, and neck.
Djagaraga
The Djagaraga or Gudang (Pantyinamu/Yatay/Gudang/Kartalaiga and other clans) are an Australian Aboriginal tribe, who traditionally lived in the coastal area from Cape York to Fly point, including also Pabaju (Albany Island), in the Cape York Peninsula, Queensland. In the early period of white settlement as the Somerset tribe, after the settlement of Somerset established on their lands in 1863.

The names Yatay, Gudang and Kartalaiga appear to be exonyms from Kalau Lagau Ya (the Western and Central Torres Strait Islanders), respectively yadai "words", gudalnga ("mouthy") and katalaiga "green frog person"; the totem of the Kartalaiga was the green frog.

Kalaw Lagaw Ya
Kalau Lagau Ya, Kalaw Lagaw Ya, Kala Lagaw Ya ([kala(u) laɡau ja]), or the Western Torres Strait language (also several other names, see below) is the language indigenous to the central and western Torres Strait Islands, Queensland, Australia. On some islands, it has now largely been replaced by Torres Strait Creole.

Before colonization in the 1870s–1880s, the language was the major lingua franca of the Torres Strait cultural area of Northern Cape York Australia, Torres Strait and along the coast of the Western Province/Papua New Guinea. It is still fairly widely spoken by neighbouring Papuans and by some Aboriginal Australians. How many non-first language speakers it has is unknown. It also has a 'light' (simplified/foreigner) form, as well as a pidginised form. The simplified form is fairly prevalent on Badu and neighbouring Moa.
Tustin Unified School District
Tustin Unified School District was created from the 1972 voter-approved unification of the Tustin Elementary School District and the Tustin Union High School District. It is located in Tustin, a city in Orange County, California. Its district territory comprises Tustin, the unincorporated community of North Tustin, and parts of the cities of Irvine and Santa Ana. It has 18 elementary schools, five middle schools, four high schools, one K-8 school, and one adult school.

Adult high school
An adult high school or adult school is a high school facility designed for adult education. It is intended for adults who have not completed high school to continue their education. Some adult high schools offer child care, special integration programs for immigrants and refugees, career and other programs and services geared toward the special needs of adult students. Some adult high schools may also offer general interest programs such as computer skills or other continuing education courses.
Acacia gracilenta
Acacia gracilenta is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to the Northern Territory, Australia. It is a sticky shrub with greyish or light brown bark and glabrous branchlets, more or less linear to very narrowly elliptic, papery phyllodes, spikes of golden yellow flowers and linear, curved pods, raised over and constricted between the seeds.

Phyllode
Phyllodes are modified petioles or leaf stalks, which are leaf-like in both appearance and function. In some plants, these  become flattened and widened, while the leaf itself becomes reduced or vanishes altogether. Thus the phyllode comes to serve the purpose of the leaf. Some important examples are Euphorbia royleana which are cylindrical and Opuntia which are flattened.

They are common in the genus Acacia, especially the Australian species, at one time put in Acacia subg. Phyllodineae. Sometimes, especially on younger plants, partially formed phyllodes bearing reduced leaves can be seen. The illustration (to the right) of Acacia suaveolens from Novae Hollandiae plantarum specimen shows the juvenile true leaves, together with the developing phyllodes, and the phyllodes of the mature plant.

The genus, Daviesia, in the family Fabaceae, is characterised in part by the plants having phyllodes.
Château de Salignac
The Château de Salignac is the former castle of the Salignac-Fénelon family in the commune of Salignac-Eyvigues  in the Dordogne département of France. It dates from the 11th-15th centuries.

It has been classified since 1969 as a monument historique by the French Ministry of Culture.

Salignac-Eyvigues
Salignac-Eyvigues (French pronunciation: [saliɲak ɛviɡ]; Occitan: Salanhac e Aivigas) is a commune in the Dordogne department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France.

It includes the 17th century Eyrignac Manor (French: Manoir d'Eyrignac), which has a remarkable garden, originally established in the 18th century, surrounding the manor house on a hill, with water coming from seven springs. Only a pavilion, fountains and basins remain from the original garden. In the 1960s, the new owner, Giles Sermadiras de Cuzols de Lile, created a new garden, inspired by gardens from the Renaissance and Italian gardens to the end of the 18th century. The garden features topiary sculptures, vistas, fountains, statues, and an avenue of vases.
Law & Order: Special Victims Unit season 22
The twenty-second season of the American crime-drama television series Law & Order: Special Victims Unit was ordered on February 27, 2020, by NBC. Set to air during the 2020–2021 television season, the season is produced by Wolf Entertainment and Universal Television; the showrunner is Warren Leight. The season premiered on November 12, 2020 and consists of only 16 episodes due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States, making it the second shortest in the series behind the twenty-fifth season. The season ended on June 3, 2021.

Wolf Entertainment
Wolf Entertainment is an American television production company founded by producer Dick Wolf in 1988. The company produces television franchises including Law & Order, Chicago, and FBI.

In April 2023, Wolf Entertainment extended its multi-year agreement with Universal Television through 2027, building on the original nine-figure deal signed in February 2020 that spanned both broadcast and streaming platforms.

Originally named Wolf Films, the company was rebranded as Wolf Entertainment in 2019. As of 2024, it has produced 40 television series totaling over 2,500 episodes. The company has received 96 Emmy nominations.
The Judge's House
"The Judge's House" is a supernatural or ghost story by the Irish writer Bram Stoker, first published in Holly Leaves, the Christmas edition of the Illustrated Sporting and Dramatic News, on 5 December 1891.

The story is about a student's supernatural experiences and terrors in a reportedly haunted mansion.

Haunted house
A haunted house, spook house or ghost house in ghostlore is a house or other building often perceived as being inhabited by disembodied spirits of the deceased who may have been former residents or were otherwise connected with the property. Parapsychologists often attribute haunting to the spirits of the dead who have suffered from violent or tragic events in the building's past such as murder, accidental death, or suicide.

Upon scientific investigation, alternative causes to supernatural phenomenon are found, such as hoaxes, environmental effects, hallucinations or confirmation biases. Common symptoms of hauntings, like cold spots and creaking or knocking sounds, can be found in most homes regardless of suspected paranormal presences. Carbon monoxide poisoning has also been cited as a cause of suspected hauntings.
Gelfond–Schneider constant
The Gelfond–Schneider constant or the Hilbert number is two to the power of the square root of two:

2√2 ≈ 2.6651441426902251886502972498731...

which was proved to be a transcendental number by Rodion Kuzmin in 1930.
In 1934, Aleksandr Gelfond and Theodor Schneider independently proved the more general Gelfond–Schneider theorem,  which solved the part of Hilbert's seventh problem described below.

Theodor Schneider
Theodor Schneider (7 May 1911 – 31 October 1988) was a German mathematician, best known for providing proof of what is now known as the Gelfond–Schneider theorem, who was born in Frankfurt am Main and died in Freiburg im Breisgau.

Schneider studied from 1929 to 1934 in Frankfurt; he solved Hilbert's 7th problem in his PhD thesis, which then came to be known as the Gelfond–Schneider theorem. Later, he became an assistant to Carl Ludwig Siegel in Göttingen, where he stayed until 1953. Then, he became a professor in Erlangen (1953–1959) and finally until his retirement in Freiburg (1959–1976). During his time in Freiburg, he also served as the director of the Mathematical Research Institute of Oberwolfach from 1959 to 1963. His doctoral students include H. P. Schlickewei.
Sayrite
Sayrite (Pb2(UO2)5O6(OH)24(H2O)) is an alteration product of uraninite named after the X-ray crystallographer David Sayre. Sayrite contains hydrogen, oxygen, uranium and lead. It is mined at Shinkolobwe Mine, (Kasolo Mine), Kambove District, Haut-Katanga, Democratic Republic of the Congo. It is usually orange in color but also can be reddish and yellowish and is in the monoclinic crystal system.

Monoclinic crystal system
In crystallography, the monoclinic crystal system is one of the seven crystal systems.  A crystal system is described by three vectors. In the monoclinic system, the crystal is described by vectors of unequal lengths, as in the orthorhombic system. They form a parallelogram prism. Hence two pairs of vectors are perpendicular (meet at right angles), while the third pair makes an angle other than 90°.
Dianne DeNecochea
Dianne DeNecochea (née Shoemaker; born November 16, 1967) is a retired professional beach volleyball player from the United States who played on the AVP Tour.  DeNocochea played volleyball at the University of Tennessee and was inducted into the Lady Volunteer Hall of Fame in 2007.  DeNocochea began playing on the AVP Tour full-time in 2001.  She also played professional indoor volleyball in Switzerland, Belgium, and Italy.

Tennessee Volunteers
The Tennessee Volunteers and Lady Volunteers are the 20 male and female varsity intercollegiate athletics programs that represent the University of Tennessee in Knoxville, Tennessee. The Volunteers compete in Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). In January 2021, Danny White was introduced as the Volunteers' Director of Athletics.

Men's teams are called the Volunteers (often shortened to "Vols") and women's teams are called the Lady Volunteers ("Lady Vols"). These names come from the nickname of Tennessee, The Volunteer State.
Bishnupur Katti
Bishnupur Katti  is a Village Development Committee in Siraha District in the Sagarmatha Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 11554 people residing in 2185 individual households.

2011 Nepal census
Nepal conducted a widespread national census in 2011 by the Nepal Central Bureau of Statistics. Working in cooperation with the 58 municipalities and the 3,915 Village Development Committees at a district level, they recorded data from all the municipalities and villages of each district. The data included statistics on population size, households, sex and age distribution, place of birth, residence characteristics, literacy, marital status, religion, language spoken, caste/ethnic group, economically active population, education, number of children, employment status, and occupation.
Quan Yi
Quan Yi (fl. 4th century), courtesy name Ziliang, was a minister of Former Qin and Later Qin during the Sixteen Kingdoms period. Quan Yi was one of the followers of the Qiang general, Yao Xiang, who surrendered from Later Zhao to the Jin dynasty. After Yao Xiang was killed in 357, Quan Yi followed Xiang's brother, Yao Chang and surrendered to Former Qin, where he served for 28 years. Following the disastrous Battle of Fei River in 383, Quan Yi attempted to stop Murong Chui from marching to north, but was outmaneuvered. As Western Yan troops encircled the capital Chang'an, Quan Yi fled to Yao Chang, now ruler of Later Qin, who he served until his death.

Quan Yi was also supposedly the ancestor of the Tang dynasty chancellor, Quan Deyu.

Qiang (historical people)
Qiang (Chinese: 羌; pinyin: Qiāng; Wade–Giles: Ch'iang) was a name given to various groups of people at different periods in ancient China. The Qiang people are generally thought to have been of Tibeto-Burman origin, though there are other theories.

The Tangut people of the Tang, Song and Yuan dynasties may have been of Qiang descent. The modern Qiang people as well as Tibetans may also have been descended in part from the ancient Qiang.
Mesentoblast
Mesentoblasts, also called 4d cells, are the cells from which the mesoderm originates. Mesentoblasts are found in the blastopore area between the endoderm and the ectoderm. In protostomes the embryos are mosaic, so mesentoblast removal will result in failure of formation of the mesoderm and other structures related to the mesoderm, which in turn will give abnormal embryos. The mesentoblast migrates to the blastocoel where it reproduces to form a mass of cells that becomes the mesoderm.

Gastrulation
Gastrulation is the stage in the early embryonic development of most animals, during which the blastula (a single-layered hollow sphere of cells), or in mammals, the blastocyst, is reorganized into a two-layered or three-layered embryo known as the gastrula. Before gastrulation, the embryo is a continuous epithelial sheet of cells; by the end of gastrulation, the embryo has begun differentiation to establish distinct cell lineages, set up the basic axes of the body (e.g. dorsal–ventral, anterior–posterior), and internalized one or more cell types, including the prospective gut.