hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Judeo-Gascon
Judeo-Gascon is a sociolect of the Gascon language, formerly spoken among the Spanish and Portuguese Jews who settled during the 16th century in the cities of Bordeaux, Bayonne and in the south-west part of Landes of Gascony (most notably in Peyrehorade and Bidache). Judeo-Gascon, as Judeo-Provençal, the other major Jewish sociolect of Occitan, is now practically extinct.

Until recently, Judeo-Gascon was probably one of the least known dialects of Gascon and Occitan and the least studied from a linguistic point of view. Its first coverage in scholarship has been in Nahon (2017); its linguistic characteristics have been investigated in depth in Nahon (2018), alongside comprehensive critical editions of the surviving Judeo-Gascon texts.

Peyrehorade
Peyrehorade (French pronunciation: [pɛjʁəoʁad]; Occitan: Pèirahorada) is a commune in the Landes department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France. Peyrehorade station has rail connections to Bayonne, Pau and Tarbes.
Welgelegen, Heerenveen
Welgelegen (Dutch: [ˈʋɛlɣəˌleːɣə(n)]; "Well-situated") or Tjepkema's Molen (Dutch: [ˈtɕɛpkəmaːs ˈmoːlə(n)]; West Frisian: Tjepkema's Mole [ˈtjɛpkəmaːs ˈmoːlə]; "Tjepka's Mill") is a smock mill in Heerenveen, Friesland, Netherlands, which was built in 1849 and has been restored to working order. The mill is listed as a Rijksmonument, No. 21171.

Smock mill
The smock mill is a type of windmill that consists of a sloping, horizontally weatherboarded, thatched, or shingled tower, usually with six or eight sides. It is topped with a roof or cap that rotates to bring the sails into the wind. This type of windmill got its name from its resemblance to smocks worn by farmers in an earlier period.
Holcocera iceryaeella
Holcocera iceryaeella is a moth in the family Blastobasidae. It is found in California, United 
States.

The length of the forewings is 9.8–14.1 mm. The forewings are brownish gray intermixed with pale-gray and a few white scales or white intermixed with gray and pale-gray scales. The hindwings are translucent on the basal half, gradually darkening to the margin.

The larvae feed on decaying plant tissue, but have also been recorded as a predator on gregarious Hemiptera. They have been recorded feeding on plant debris of the following plant species: Yucca whipplei, Juniper, Sequoia sempervirens, Quercus agrifolia, Quercus lobata, Persea americana, Medicago arborea, Ficus, Abies concolor, Pinus radiata, Eriogonum parvifilium, Polyporus hirsutus, Heteromeles arbutifolia, Prunus dulcis and Citrus sinensis. Recorded animal hosts are Lepidosaphes camelliae, Icerya purchase, Lecanium persicae, Planococcus citri and Pseudococcus species.

Quercus lobata
Quercus lobata, commonly called the valley oak or roble, is the largest of the California oaks. It is endemic to the state, growing in interior valleys and foothills from Siskiyou to San Diego counties. Deciduous, it requires year-round groundwater, and may live up to 600 years. Its thick, ridged bark (resembling alligator hide) and deeply lobed leaves are characteristic, and assist in identification.
Rhyce Shaw
Rhyce Shaw (born 16 October 1981) is a current Australian rules football coach and former player who is the head coach of the Gold Coast Suns in AFL Women's (AFLW).

Shaw grew up in Diamond Creek and played for Diamond Creek Football Club. He played for the Collingwood Football Club and Sydney Swans in the Australian Football League (AFL), winning the 2012 premiership with Sydney. Shaw was the men's senior coach of the North Melbourne Football Club, before becoming the first person to be a non-caretaker head coach at both AFL and AFLW level.

2012 AFL Grand Final
The 2012 AFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the Hawthorn Football Club and the Sydney Swans at the Melbourne Cricket Ground on 29 September 2012. It was the 117th annual grand final of the Australian Football League (formerly the Victorian Football League), staged to determine the premiers for the 2012 AFL season. The match, attended by 99,683 spectators, was won by Sydney by 10 points, marking the club's fifth VFL/AFL premiership victory. Sydney's Ryan O'Keefe was awarded the Norm Smith Medal as the best player on the ground.
Nina Simone Sings the Blues
Nina Simone Sings the Blues is an album by singer/pianist/songwriter Nina Simone. This was Simone's first album for RCA Victor after previously recording for Colpix Records and Philips Records. The album was also reissued in 2006 with bonus tracks, and reissued in 1991 by RCA/Novus as a 17-track compilation under the title The Blues.

Novus Records
Novus Records (later Arista Novus and RCA Novus) was an American jazz record label run by Steve Backer. Backer worked at Impulse! Records until 1974, when Clive Davis, founder of Arista Records, asked him to oversee the jazz division at Arista.

Backer left Arista in the early 1980s, worked for Windham Hill Records, and then went to RCA to run Novus. Novus's roster included Muhal Richard Abrams, Warren Bernhardt, Steve Coleman, Larry Coryell, Oliver Lake, Steve Lacy, James Moody, Hilton Ruiz, and Henry Threadgill. Beginning in 1989, Backer signed Marcus Roberts, Roy Hargrove, Danilo Pérez, Antonio Hart, and Christopher Hollyday. The label closed in the mid-1990s. The catalogue is now managed by Sony Masterworks through its Masterworks Jazz imprint.
Jacob Abel (racing driver)
William Jacob Abel (born March 9, 2001) is an American racing driver who competes in the IMSA SportsCar Championship for Era Motorsport. He last competed in the IndyCar Series driving the No. 50/51 Honda for Dale Coyne Racing. He previously competed in Indy NXT for Abel Motorsports.

Grand Prix of St. Petersburg
The Firestone Grand Prix of St. Petersburg is an IndyCar Series race held in St. Petersburg, Florida. In most years since 2009, the race has served as the season opener (or at minimum, the first race held on U.S. soil). The race is held annually in the spring, with the exception of 2020, when it was postponed until October due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The race takes place on the streets of St. Petersburg, utilizing downtown streets, and one runway of Albert Whitted Airport. The event dates back to 1985, with Indy cars first competing in 2003.
Travis Pratt
Travis Cameron Pratt is an American criminologist and fellow at the University of Cincinnati Corrections Institute in Cincinnati, Ohio. He is the author of over 100 peer-reviewed papers on topics such as prison policy and theoretical criminology. He is particularly known for his research on private prisons.

Private prison
A private prison, or for-profit prison, is a place where people are imprisoned by a third party that is contracted by a government agency. Private prison companies typically enter into contractual agreements with governments that commit prisoners and then pay a per diem or monthly rate, either for each prisoner in the facility, or for each place available, whether occupied or not. Such contracts may be for the operation only of a facility, or for design, construction and operation.
Dharti Mata (film)
Dharti Mata is a 1938 Hindi social film directed by Nitin Bose. The film was also made and in Bengali as Desher Mati in the same year by New Theatres. It starred K.L. Saigal, Uma Shashi (aka Umasashi), Jagdish Sethi, Kamlesh Kumari, and K. C. Dey. The music was by Pankaj Mullick and lyricist and dialogue writer was Pandit Sudarshan. The story, screenplay and cinematography was by Nitin Bose. The story is about two friends Ashok and Ajay, one interested in agriculture and the other in technology. Ashok goes to the village to help the farmers while Ajay goes to UK for higher studies in engineering. The film highlights the need of technology and new concepts for effective farming.

Pankaj Mullick
Pankaj Kumar Mullick (10 May 1905 – 19 February 1978) was an Indian music composer, playback singer and actor, who was a pioneer of film music in Bengali cinema and Hindi cinema at the advent of playback singing, as well as an early exponent of Rabindra Sangeet.
The Three Enchanted Princes
The Three Enchanted Princes or The Three Animal Kings (Neapolitan: Li tre rri anemale; Italian: I tre re animale) is an Italian literary fairy tale written by Giambattista Basile in his 1634 work, the Pentamerone. It is Aarne–Thompson–Uther Index ATU 552, "The Girls who married animals". At the end of the tale, the prince's brothers-in-law help him in defeating the dragon (or sorcerer, or ogre).

Aarne–Thompson–Uther Index
The Aarne–Thompson–Uther Index (ATU Index) is a catalogue of folktale types used in folklore studies. The ATU index is the product of a series of revisions and expansions by an international group of scholars: Originally published in German by Finnish folklorist Antti Aarne (1910), the index was translated into English, revised, and expanded by American folklorist Stith Thompson (1928, 1961), and later further revised and expanded by German folklorist Hans-Jörg Uther (2004). The ATU index is an essential tool for folklorists, used along with the Thompson (1932) Motif-Index of Folk-Literature.
2016 PDC European Tour
The 2016 PDC European Tour was a series of non-televised darts tournaments organised by the Professional Darts Corporation (PDC). Players Championships, UK Open Qualifiers and European Tour events are the events that make up the PDC Pro Tour. This year there are 10 European Tour events being held – 7 in Germany and one each in Austria, Gibraltar and the Netherlands.

Professional Darts Corporation
The Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) is a professional darts organisation in the United Kingdom, established in 1992 when a group of leading players split from the British Darts Organisation (BDO) to form what was initially called the World Darts Council (WDC). Sports promoter Eddie Hearn is the PDC chairman.

The PDC developed and holds several competitions, including the annual PDC World Darts Championship, the World Matchplay, World Grand Prix, UK Open, Premier League, and Grand Slam. It also runs its own world rankings based on players' performances.
VIA Talas
VIA Talas  (Serbian Cyrillic: ВИА Талас; trans. VIE The Wave) was a former Yugoslav new wave band, notable as one of the participants of the Artistička radna akcija project. The band name featured the prefix VIA added to the former Yugoslav 1960s rock bands, which stands for 'vokalno-instrumentalni ansambl' ('vocal-instrumental ensemble').

Milan Mladenović
Milan Mladenović (Serbian Cyrillic: Милан Младеновић; 21 September 1958 – 5 November 1994) was a Yugoslav and Serbian musician best known as the frontman of the Yugoslav art rock band Ekatarina Velika.
Imagine (Ariana Grande song)
"Imagine" is a song recorded by American singer Ariana Grande. The song was written by Grande, Jameel Roberts and Priscilla Renea alongside its producers Andrew "Pop" Wansel and Happy Perez. It was released on December 14, 2018, as the only promotional single from her fifth studio album Thank U, Next (2019).

Commercially, the song reached the top 10 in Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Malaysia, Singapore, Slovakia and the United Kingdom, as well as the top 20 in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, Portugal and Scotland. The track also peaked at number 21 on the US Billboard Hot 100.

Happy Perez
Nathan "Happy" Perez is an American record producer, audio engineer, songwriter, and multi-instrumentalist. He was first credited on Young Bleed's debut album All I Have in This World, Are... My Balls and My Word in 1998. He co-wrote and produced his first hit song with Baby Bash's 2003 single "Suga Suga", which peaked at number seven  on the US Billboard Hot 100. He has since been credited on releases for Halsey, the Weeknd, Chris Brown, Miley Cyrus, Kehlani, the Kid Laroi, Ludacris, Flo Rida, Mariah Carey, G-Eazy, and Juice Wrld.

Perez has worked extensively with R&B singer Miguel, producing his 2010 sleeper hit "Sure Thing". In 2018, he became acquainted with fellow producer Benny Blanco and co-produced his 2018 single "Eastside", as well as a number of his productions since then. Perez dropped out of high school to make music.
Ottoman ship Mahmudiye
Mahmudiye was a ship of the line of the Ottoman Navy. It was a three-masted, three-decked 128-gunned sailing ship, which could perhaps be considered to be one of the world's few completed heavy first-rate battleships. Mahmudiye, with a roaring lion as the ship's figurehead, was intended to serve to reconstitute the morale of the nation after the loss of the fleet at the Battle of Navarino in 1827. The flagship was largest in the Ottoman Navy and among the largest in the world upon her launch in 1828.

Figurehead (object)
A figurehead is a carved wooden decoration found at the bow of ships, generally of a design related to the name or role of a ship. They were predominant between the sixteenth and twentieth centuries, and modern ships' badges fulfil a similar role.
The French as Seen by...
The French as Seen by... (Les Français vus par... in French) was the title and subject of a series of five short films by notable directors. It was initiated and sponsored by the newspaper Le Figaro, as part of the 1988 celebration of the tenth anniversary of its magazine section. The directors and films produced were:

Werner Herzog - Les Gaulois

David Lynch - The Cowboy and the Frenchman

Andrzej Wajda - Proust contre la déchéance

Luigi Comencini - Pèlerinage à Agen

Jean-Luc Godard - Le dernier mot

Anniversary
An anniversary is the date on which an event took place or an institution was founded.

Most countries celebrate national anniversaries, typically called national days. These could be the date of independence of the nation or the adoption of a new constitution or form of government. There is no definite method for determining the date of establishment of an institution, and it is generally decided within the institution by convention. The important dates in a sitting monarch's reign may also be commemorated, an event often referred to as a "jubilee".
Timur Malik
Timur Malik was a statesman of the Khwarazmian Empire, who served as the governor of Khujand in the region of Transoxiana. He is known for his valiant though ultimately unsuccessful defense of Khujand in 1219-1220 during the Mongol invasions. He has been described in a historical novel authored by a famous Urdu novelist Nasim Hejazi, the novel is titled Akhri Chattan (آخری چٹان).

He’s ethnicity is unknown but he’s name is in Turkic and Arabic. ”Temur” means Iron in Turkic, and ”Malik” means ”The King” in Arabic. Temur Malik, is considered as an national hero by Tajikistan.

Naseem Hijazi
Sharif Hussain (Urdu: شریف حسین), who used the pseudonym Nasīm Hijāzī (Urdu: نسیم حجازی, commonly transliterated as Naseem Hijazi or Nasim Hijazi) (19 May 1914 – 2 March 1996), was an Urdu novelist and journalist.
Abrayevo
Abrayevo (Russian: Абраево, Bashkir: Абрай, Abray) is a rural locality (a village) in Chuvalkipovsky Selsoviet of Chishminsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 320 as of 2010. There are 5 streets.

Chishminsky District
Chishminsky District (Russian: Чишми́нский райо́н; Bashkir: Шишмә районы, Şişmä rayonı) is an administrative with some beautiful sites and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the center of the republic and borders Kushnarenkovsky District in the north, Ufimsky District in the northeast and east, Karmaskalinsky District in the southeast, Davlekanovsky District in the south, and Blagovarsky District in the west and northwest. The area of the district is 1,823.77 square kilometers (704.16 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a work settlement) of Chishmy. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 52,344, with the population of the administrative center accounting for 40.5% of that number.
2018 Trofeo Alfredo Binda-Comune di Cittiglio
The 2018 Trofeo Alfredo Binda-Comune di Cittiglio was the 43rd running of the Trofeo Alfredo Binda, a women's cycling race in Italy. It was the third event of the 2018 UCI Women's World Tour season and was held on 18 March 2017. The race started in Gavirate and finished in Cittiglio, on the outskirts of Lago Maggiore in Northwest Italy.

Polish rider Kasia Niewiadoma won the race after a solo attack. A group of 20 riders was formed during the final lap, on the Colle del Casale, from which Niewiadoma broke clear at 8 km from the finish. She held her lead to claim her third World Tour win. Chantal Blaak won the sprint for second place at 23 seconds ahead of Marianne Vos.

Cittiglio
Cittiglio is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Varese in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northwest of Milan and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) northwest of Varese. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 3,817 and an area of 11.5 square kilometres (4.4 sq mi).  The town is known as the birthplace of Alfredo Binda, a world-class bicycle racer in the 1920s and 1930s.

Cittiglio borders the following municipalities: Brenta, Caravate, Castelveccana, Gemonio, Laveno-Mombello.

The elite women's professional road bicycle racing event Trofeo Alfredo Binda-Comune di Cittiglio is held annually here.
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NADP+)
In enzymology, 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NADP+) (EC 1.1.1.197) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

The two substrates of this enzyme are prostaglandin E1 and oxidised nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+). Its products are 15-oxoprostaglandin E1, reduced NADPH, and  proton.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is (13E)-(15S)-11alpha,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-enoate:NADP+ 15-oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include NADP+-dependent 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase, NADP+-linked 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase, NADP+-specific 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase, type II 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase, and 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NADP+).

Oxidoreductase
In biochemistry, an oxidoreductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from one molecule, the reductant, also called the electron donor, to another, the oxidant, also called the electron acceptor. This group of enzymes usually utilizes NADP+ or NAD+ as cofactors. Transmembrane oxidoreductases create electron transport chains in bacteria, chloroplasts and mitochondria, including respiratory complexes I, II and III. Some others can associate with biological membranes as peripheral membrane proteins or be anchored to the membranes through a single transmembrane helix.
Iwadare
Iwadare (written: 岩垂) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Kunihiko Iwadare (岩垂 邦彦, 1857–1941), Japanese businessman

Noriyuki Iwadare (岩垂 徳行, born 1964), Japanese video game composer

Kunihiko Iwadare
Kunihiko Iwadare (岩垂 邦彦, Iwadare Kunihiko; August 15, 1857 – December 20, 1941) was a Japanese businessman. A graduate of the Imperial College of Engineering (Kobu Daigaku) in Tokyo, he worked as a telegraph engineer for the Japanese government.
Lectionary 185
Lectionary 185, designated by siglum ℓ 185 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering) is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment leaves. Paleographically it has been assigned to the 11th century. 
Scrivener labelled it by 222e.

Scribal abbreviation
Scribal abbreviations, or sigla (singular: siglum), are abbreviations used by ancient and medieval scribes writing in various languages, including Latin, Greek, Old English and Old Norse.

In modern manuscript editing (substantive and mechanical) sigla are the symbols used to indicate the source manuscript (e.g. variations in text between different such manuscripts).
Matsura Historical Museum
Matsura Historical Museum (松浦史料博物館, Matsura Shiryō Hakubutsukan) opened in Hirado, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan, in 1955. The museum is housed in the 1893 Tsurugamine Mansion of the Matsura family, former daimyō of the Hirado Domain.

Matsura clan
The Matsura clan, also spelled Matsuura, was a medieval and early modern Japanese samurai family who ruled Hirado Domain in Hizen Province on the island of Kyushu. They started as a group of military families under the name Matsura-to. They were involved in Toyotomi Hideyoshi's Kyushu campaign and the Japanese invasions of Korea. Around 1590, they built their seat, Hirado Castle. In 1871, the Meiji Restoration dissolved Japan's feudal lords, and the clan's final daimyo, Matsura Akira, was put into the kazoku class.
Enoplea
Enoplea (enopleans) is a class, which with the classes Secernentea and Chromadorea make up the phylum Nematoda in current taxonomy. The Enoplea are considered to be a more ancestral group than the Chromadorea, and researchers have referred to its members as the "ancestrally diverged nematodes", compared to the "more recently diverged nematodes" of Chromadorea.

Phylum
In biology, a phylum (/ˈfaɪləm/; pl.: phyla) is a level of classification, or taxonomic rank, that is below kingdom and above class. Traditionally, in botany the term division has been used instead of phylum, although the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants accepts the terms as equivalent. Depending on definitions, the animal kingdom Animalia contains about 32 phyla, the plant kingdom Plantae contains about 14 phyla, and the fungus kingdom Fungi contains about eight phyla. Current research in phylogenetics is uncovering the relationships among phyla within larger clades like Ecdysozoa and Embryophyta.
Sieges of Vannes (1342)
The sieges of Vannes of 1342 were a series of four sieges of the town of Vannes that occurred throughout 1342. Two rival claimants to the Duchy of Brittany, John of Montfort and Charles of Blois, competed for Vannes throughout this civil war from 1341 to 1365. The successive sieges ruined Vannes and its surrounding countryside. Vannes was eventually sold off in a truce between England and France, signed in January 1343 in Malestroit. Saved by an appeal of Pope Clement VI, Vannes remained in the hands of its own rulers, but ultimately resided under English control from September 1343 till the end of the war in 1365.

Malestroit
Malestroit (French pronunciation: [maletʁwa]; Breton: Malastred) is a commune in the Morbihan department of Brittany in north-western France. The town is on the river Oust and part of the Nantes-Brest canal. It has several half-timbered houses.
2013 Qatar Open
The 2013 Qatar Open (also known as 2013 Qatar ExxonMobil Open for sponsorship reasons) was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 21st edition of the Qatar Open, and part of the ATP World Tour 250 series of the 2013 ATP World Tour. It took place at the Khalifa International Tennis and Squash Complex in Doha, Qatar, from 31 December 2012, through 5 January 2013. Second-seeded Richard Gasquet on the singles title.

ATP Qatar Open
The Qatar Open, known as the Qatar ExxonMobil Open, is a professional tennis ATP 500 tournament played on outdoor hardcourts. It is held annually in January at the Khalifa International Tennis and Squash Complex in Doha, Qatar, since 1993. It was part of the ATP Tour 250 series on the ATP Tour. In 2025, the tournament was upgraded to an ATP 500-level event.