hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vikki Abrahams
Vikki Martyne Abrahams is an English–American reproductive immunologist. She is a full professor of obstetrics, gynecology and reproductive sciences at the Yale School of Medicine. Her research focuses on understanding the role of innate immune toll-like receptor and NOD-like receptor family members in placental and maternal-fetal immune responses.

Toll-like receptor
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a class of proteins that play a key role in the innate immune system. They are single-spanning receptors usually expressed on sentinel cells such as macrophages and dendritic cells, that recognize structurally conserved molecules derived from microbes. Once these microbes have reached physical barriers such as the skin or intestinal tract mucosa, they are recognized by TLRs, which activate immune cell responses. The TLRs include TLR1, TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, TLR5, TLR6, TLR7, TLR8, TLR9, TLR10, TLR11, TLR12, and TLR13. Humans lack genes for TLR11, TLR12 and TLR13 and mice lack a functional gene for TLR10. The receptors TLR1, TLR2, TLR4, TLR5, TLR6, and TLR10 are located on the cell membrane, whereas TLR3, TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9 are located in intracellular vesicles (because they are sensors of nucleic acids).

TLRs received their name from their similarity to the protein coded by the toll gene.
Sringaram
Sringaram is a 2007 Indian Tamil-language period drama film directed by debutante Sharada Ramanathan, a cultural activist. Co-written by novelist Indra Soundar Rajan, it stars Aditi Rao Hydari, in her Tamil film debut, in the lead role alongside Manoj K. Jayan, Hamsa Moily and Y. Gee. Mahendra. The film depicts the life of a Devadasi during the 1920s. Sringaram became highly critically acclaimed, winning three prizes at the 53rd National Film Awards and two Tamil Nadu State Film Awards, besides several screenings at various international film festivals, much before its theatrical release on 5 October 2007.

T. L. Maharajan
Tiruchi Loganathan Maharajan is a musician. He is a Tamil classical and Tamil playback singer.  In 1967, Maharajan began his 50-year career in playback singing with the devotional movie "Thiruvarutchelvar". He has also been a judge for many singing competitions programs worldwide.
Battle of Kock
There were at least four important battles fought in the vicinity of Kock, Poland:

Battle of Kock (1809) fought during the Napoleonic Wars

Battle of Kock (1920) fought during the Polish–Soviet War

Battle of Kock (1939) during the German invasion of Poland

Battle of Kock (1944) fought during Operation Tempest (World War II)

Kock
Kock is a town in Lubartów County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It is the seat of the administrative district Gmina Kock. Historically Kock belonged to the Polish province of Lesser Poland and was located in its northeastern corner. As of 2004, its population numbered 3,509.
Teddy Gardner
Teddy Gardner (27 January 1922 – 1977) was an English professional flyweight/bantamweight boxer of the 1930s, 1940s and 1950s, who won the British Boxing Board of Control (BBBofC) British flyweight title, European Boxing Union (EBU) flyweight title, and British Empire flyweight title, and was a challenger for the BBBofC British bantamweight title.

European Boxing Union
The European Boxing Union (EBU), formerly known as the International Boxing Union (IBU), is a pan-European governing body that sanctions championship bouts in professional boxing. The EBU governs the EBU European Championship, in addition to their EBU EU Championship for competitors from within the European Union and the EBU EE Championship for those outside the European Union. It is a federation affiliated with the World Boxing Council (WBC).

During most of the 20th century and, particularly, during start of the century, the EBU recognized many world title fights as the IBU. It competed against the American-based National Boxing Association (NBA), which staged the more high profile world title fights.
Christopher Spencer Foote
Christopher Spencer Foote (June 5, 1935 – June 13, 2005) was a professor of chemistry at UCLA and an expert in reactive oxygen species, in particular, singlet oxygen. He published over 250 research articles and has an h-index of 67.  He was also known for his textbook Organic Chemistry (with Brown and Iverson).

The American Chemical Society gave him their Baekeland award in 1975, named him a Cope Scholar in 1994, and gave him the Tolman Award in 1995. In 2000 an international symposium in honor of his 65th birthday was held in Hawaii. The Christopher S. Foote Chair of chemistry at UCLA, currently held by Neil Garg, is named after him.

Arthur C. Cope Award
The Arthur C. Cope Award is a prize awarded for achievement in the field of organic chemistry research. It is sponsored by the Arthur C. Cope Fund, and has been awarded annually since 1973 by the American Chemical Society. It consists of $25,000, a medallion, and $150,000 in funding for research in organic chemistry.

Recipients include:
Canara Engineering College
Canara Engineering College (CEC) is a private engineering college in Karnataka, India, approximately 22 km (14 mi) from Mangaluru in the surroundings of Benjanapadavu. It was established in 2001 as a Millennium project by Canara High School Association. The college is affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belgaum . It is also recognized by government of Karnataka and is approved by AICTE, New Delhi. Approximately 400 engineers graduate annually.

Belgaum
Belgaum (Kannada ISO: Beḷagāvi, IPA: [beɭɐɡaːʋi]; Marathi ISO: Bēḻagāṃva, IPA: [beɭɡaːũ]), officially known as Belagavi (also Belgaon), is a city in the Indian state of Karnataka located near its northern western border in the Western Ghats. It is the administrative headquarters of the eponymous Belagavi division and Belagavi district. The Government of Karnataka has proposed making Belgaum the second capital of Karnataka alongside Bangalore, hence a second state administrative building Suvarna Vidhana Soudha was inaugurated on 11 October 2012.

Belgaum has been selected in first phase out of 20 cities, as one of the hundred Indian cities to be developed as a smart city under India's flagship Smart Cities Mission.
Goran Đurović
Goran Đurović (Montenegrin Cyrillic: Горан Ђуровић; born 5 June 1972) is a Montenegrin politician and businessman serving as the minister of economic development and tourism in the government of Dritan Abazović since 28 April 2022. He is a vice president of the United Reform Action (URA).

Đurović is the executive director of the "Cerovo" company and is known for his humanitarian and philanthropic activities.

Dritan Abazović
Dritan Abazović (Montenegrin Cyrillic: Дритан Абазовић, Albanian: Dritan Abazi; born 25 December 1985) is a Montenegrin politician who served as Prime Minister of Montenegro and as acting Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2022 to 2023. An ethnic Albanian, he heads the United Reform Action party. He previously served as deputy prime minister in the cabinet of Zdravko Krivokapić from 2020 until 2022.

Abazović is the first ethnic Albanian and first Muslim to have served as Prime Minister of Montenegro.
SS Margariti
SS Margariti, originally named SS Wearwood and later also SS Carita and SS Harrow, was a 1930 British built cargo ship of the Constantine Group. It was later owned by British Galbraith, Pembroke & Co., Swedish Manne J. E. and from 1962 by Greek Sigalas & Platis Bros under Lebanese flag. On 18 October 1967 while en route from Gdańsk, Poland to Tartous the ship sank near Ameland, the Netherlands, after the ship tilted due to shifting cargo during a gale. All 24 people on board were rescued.

Ameland
Ameland (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈaːməlɑnt] ⓘ; West Frisian: It Amelân [ət ˈaːməlɔ̃ːn])  is a municipality and one of the West Frisian Islands off the north coast of the Netherlands. It consists mostly of sand dunes and is the third major island of the West Frisians. It neighbours islands Terschelling to the west and Schiermonnikoog to the east. This includes the small Engelsmanplaat and Rif sandbanks to the east.

Ameland is, counted from the west, the fourth inhabited Dutch Wadden island and belongs to the Friesland (Fryslân) province. The whole island falls under one municipality, which carries the same name. The Wadden islands form the border between the North Sea and the Wadden Sea, which lies on the south side of the island file. The municipality of Ameland had a population of 3,746 in 2021. The inhabitants are called Amelanders.
Jeremy Howick
Jeremy Howick is a Canadian-born, British residing clinical epidemiologist and philosopher of science.

He is a professor and director of University of Leicester's Stoneygate Centre for Empathic Healthcare. He researches evidence-based medicine, clinical empathy and the philosophy of medicine, including the use of placebos in clinical practice and clinical trials.

In 2016, he received the Dawkins & Strutt grant from the British Medical Association to study pain treatment. He is a member of the Sigma Xi research honours society.

Sigma Xi
Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Honor Society (ΣΞ) is an international non-profit honor society for scientists and engineers. Sigma Xi was founded at Cornell University by a faculty member and graduate students in 1886 and is one of the oldest honor societies. Membership in Sigma Xi is by invitation only, where members nominate others on the basis of their research achievements or potential. The society was a founding member of the Association of College Honor Societies in 1925, but withdrew in 1933 and, much later, helped form the Honor Society Caucus.
Ovçar, Mitrovica
Ovçar (in Albanian) or Ovčare (in Serbian: Овчаре) is a village in the municipality of Mitrovica in the District of Mitrovica, Kosovo. According to the 2011 and 2024 census, it doesn't have any inhabitants. Delmar is an alternative name of the village.

District of Mitrovica
Mitrovica District (Albanian: Rajoni i Mitrovicës; Serbian Cyrillic: Косовскомитровачки округ) is one of the seven districts of Kosovo. Its administrative center and largest city is Mitrovica. The district borders on the District of Peja to the south-west, the District of Pristina to the south and east, and Serbia to the north and northwest.
Bavarian War (1420–1422)
The Bavarian War from 1420 to 1422, also known as the Great War of the Lords, was a conflict between Louis VII the Bearded of Bayern-Ingolstadt and Henry XVI of Bavaria-Landshut.  The conflict overshadowed Louis VII's reign, which lasted more than thirty years.

Parakeet Society
The Parakeet Society was a union of the enemies of Louis VII the Bearded, duke of Bavaria-Ingolstadt. It was founded on April 17, 1414 by his cousin, duke Henry XVI of Bavaria-Landshut. The other members of the society were Ernest of Bavaria-Munich, his brother William III and John, Count Palatine of Neumarkt.

On February 16, 1415, Frederick of Nuremberg and Elector Palatine Louis III became members of the society. Its members met on July 8, 1415 at the Council of Constance and turned the society into a union for mutual defense against Louis VII, to persist until Louis’ death. This anti-Louis alliance became known as the League of Constance.

All the members of the Parakeet Society were princes. The symbol of the society, the parakeet, was intended to make fun of Louis’ coat of arms, which showed the raven of Oswald of Northumbria.
Camas National Wildlife Refuge
About half of the Camas National Wildlife Refuge in southeastern Idaho consists of lakes, ponds, and marshlands; the remainder is grass sagebrush uplands, meadows, and farm fields. Camas Creek flows through the length of the refuge.

Mammal species that inhabit this refuge are coyote, pronghorn, moose, elk, porcupine, white-tailed deer, cottontail rabbit, muskrat, and weasel.

Water management is a critical component of Camas Refuge operations. An extensive system of canals, dikes, wells, ponds, and water-control structures is used to manipulate water for the benefit of wildlife, with an emphasis on nesting waterfowl. Haying and prescribed fire are used to manipulate vegetation in some fields, and small grain crops are grown to provide supplemental feed for geese and cranes and to keep them from damaging private croplands.

Ditch
A ditch is a small-to-moderate size trench created to channel water. A ditch can be used for drainage, to drain water from low-lying areas, alongside roadways or fields, or to channel water from a more distant source for plant irrigation. Ditches are commonly seen around farmland, especially in areas that have required drainage, such as The Fens in eastern England and much of the Netherlands.

Roadside ditches may provide a hazard to motorists and cyclists, whose vehicles may crash into them and get damaged, flipped over, or stuck and cause major injury, especially in poor weather conditions and rural areas.
Rathri Mazha (TV series)
Rathri Mazha (ml; രാത്രി മഴ) was an Indian Malayalam-language soap opera which was launched by Flowers TV on 19 September 2016. It aired on weekdays at 9:30 P.M IST. It is an adaptation of Mayadevi's novel with the same title published in Manorama Weekly. Actress Sreekala Sasidharan played the lead role in the series.

Indian Standard Time
Indian Standard Time (IST), sometimes also called India Standard Time, is the time zone observed throughout the Republic of India, with a time offset of UTC+05:30. India does not observe daylight saving time or other seasonal adjustments. In military and aviation time, IST is designated E* ("Echo-Star"). It is indicated as Asia/Kolkata in the IANA time zone database.
Mushowani Stars F.C.
Mushowani Stars F.C. are a football team from Madziva, Zimbabwe, currently playing in the Zimbabwean Division One.

They were founded in 2011 and began play in the third tier of Zimbabwe's football pyramid and gained promotion in 2013.

The Stars won the 2018 Division One North, gaining promotion to the Premier Soccer League. They are the second club from Mashonaland to play in the top flight.

In 2019, The Stars were relegated after finishing at the bottom of the Premier Soccer League.

Zimbabwe Division One
Zimbabwe Division One is the second-highest tier of Zimbabwean football and is organized by the Zimbabwe Football Association.

As of 2024, it consists of the Central Region, covering Matebeleland South and Midlands, the Eastern Region, covering Manicaland, Mashonaland East and Masvingo, the Northern Region, covering Mashonaland Central and Mashonaland West, and the Southern Region, covering Bulawayo and Matebeleland North.

The winners of each region are promoted to the Zimbabwe Premier Soccer League.
Ahmed Djoghlaf
Ahmed Djoghlaf (born 25 November 1953 in Algiers), was the executive secretary of the Convention on Biological Diversity under the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) until 2012.

As Executive Secretary of the Convention, he had a key role in the field of sustainable development and protection of global biodiversity.

He was formerly the Assistant Executive Director of UNEP and Director of the Division of the Global Environment Facility Coordination.  He studied at, among others, the Nancy-Université, France (PhD in political sciences), St. John's University, New York (Master of Arts, Government and Politics), Université Lille Nord de France (Master of Political Sciences and Information Sciences) and the University of Algiers (Law degree).

He is a Councillor of the World Future Council.

Nancy-Université
Nancy-Université was a French federal university which federated the three principal institutes of higher education in Nancy, Lorraine before their merger into the University of Lorraine:

Henri Poincaré University (UHP, also known as Nancy 1): natural sciences, wrapping several faculties and engineering schools;
École Supérieure des Sciences et Technologies de l'Ingénieur de Nancy: general engineering
Telecom Nancy: Computer science and engineering

Nancy 2 University: social sciences

Institut national polytechnique de Lorraine (Lorraine INP): It federates 11 engineering schools.

With over 50,000 students, Nancy had the fifth largest student population in France.
Lohe hambad
Lohe hambad (English: Dragon’s Teeth) is a novel by Estonian author Karl Ristikivi. It was first published in 1970 in Lund, Sweden by Eesti Kirjanike Kooperatiiv (Estonian Writers' Cooperative). In Estonia it was published in 1987.

Eesti Kirjanike Kooperatiiv
Eesti Kirjanike Kooperatiiv (Estonian Writers' Cooperative) was a publishing house in Lund, Sweden.

It was founded by members of the Estonian diaspora, mainly writers August Gailit, Bernard Kangro, Valev Uibopuu and Enn Vallak, in 1950 and existed until 1994.

Writers whose books were published: Artur Adson, August Gailit, Gert Helbemäe, Ella Ilbak, Bernard Kangro, Albert Kivikas, Pedro Krusten, August Mälk, Karl Ristikivi, Gustav Suits, Valev Uibopuu, Marie Under, and Henrik Visnapuu.
Hevea guianensis
Hevea guianensis is a species of rubber tree in the genus Hevea, belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae. It is native to the rainforests of Ecuador, Venezuela, the Guyanas, Brazil, Colombia and Peru. It generally grows on well-drained soils or on those that are only lightly inundated, on river banks, in gallery forests, savannah forests and wooded slopes.

Euphorbiaceae
Euphorbiaceae (/juːˈfɔːrbiˌeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/), the spurge family, is a large family of flowering plants. In English, they are also commonly called euphorbias, which is also the name of the type genus of the family. Most spurges, such as Euphorbia paralias, are herbs, but some, especially in the tropics, are shrubs or trees, such as Hevea brasiliensis. Some, such as Euphorbia canariensis,: 206  are succulent and resemble cacti because of convergent evolution. This family has a cosmopolitan global distribution. The greatest diversity of species is in the tropics; however, the Euphorbiaceae also have many species in nontropical areas of all continents except Antarctica.
Frank Kesson
Frank Kesson (27 August 1885 – 29 September 1939) was an American cinematographer. He worked with Byron Haskin in The Sea Beast (1926), the Spanish western film El hombre malo (1930), El cantante de Nápoles (1935) with William Rees, La dama atrevida (1931), La llamada sagrada (1931), Die heilige Flamme (1931), and Millionaires (1926).

He also worked in How I Play Golf - Trouble Shots (1931), Beware of Bachelors (1928) with Norbert Brodin, Beware of Married Men (1928), Bobbed Hair (1925), Rinty of the Desert (1928), Why Girls Go Back Home (1926), Women They Talk About (1928), While London Sleeps (1926).

He died on 29 September 1939.

Rinty of the Desert
Rinty of the Desert is a 1928 American synchronized sound drama film directed by D. Ross Lederman. While the film has no audible dialog, it was released with a synchronized musical score with sound effects using the sound-on-disc Vitaphone process. This film is presumed to be lost. According to Warner Bros records, the film earned $164,000 domestically and $57,000 foreign.
Paraburkholderia madseniana
Paraburkholderia madseniana is a Gram-negative bacterium belonging to the genus Paraburkholderia. The type strain is P. madseniana RP11T, which was isolated from forest soil near Ithaca, NY, in 2016. The species was named in honor of Gene Madsen, a Professor at Cornell University, in recognition of his contributions to the field of environmental microbiology. The species is notable for its capacity to degrade phenolic compounds and its involvement in the priming effect.

Priming (microbiology)
Priming or a "priming effect" is said to occur when something that is added to soil or compost  affects the rate of decomposition occurring on the soil organic matter (SOM), either positively or negatively. Organic matter is made up mostly of carbon and nitrogen, so adding a substrate containing certain ratios of these nutrients to soil may affect the microbes that are mineralizing SOM. Fertilizers, plant litter, detritus, and carbohydrate exudates from living roots, can potentially positively or negatively prime SOM decomposition.
Mascotte, Florida
Mascotte is a city in Lake County, Florida, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 6,609, up from 5,101 in 2010. It is part of the Orlando–Kissimmee–Sanford Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Greater Orlando
The Orlando metropolitan area (officially, for U.S. census purposes, the Orlando–Kissimmee–Sanford, Florida metropolitan statistical area, MSA) is an inland metropolitan area in the central region of the U.S. state of Florida. Its principal cities are Orlando, Kissimmee, and Sanford. The U.S. Office of Management and Budget defines it as consisting of the counties of Lake, Orange (including Orlando), Osceola, and Seminole.

According to the 2020 U.S. census, the population of Greater Orlando is 2,673,376, an increase of nearly 540,000 new residents between 2010 and 2020.

By population, it is the third-largest metropolitan area in Florida, the seventh-largest in the Southeastern United States, and the 22nd-largest in the United States. The MSA encompasses 4,012 square miles (10,400 km2) of total area (both land and water areas).
The Hard Lessons
The Hard Lessons are a rock band from Detroit, Michigan, known for their high-energy live appearances and innovative sound.  The band has toured extensively in the United States and Europe. They were originally formed at Michigan State University in East Lansing.

The band consists of married couple Augie Visocchi (Vocals, Electric & Acoustic Guitars, Fuzz Bass, Mandolin, Piano, Kazoo, Percussion, and Vacuum) and Korin "Ko Ko" Louise Visocchi (Vocals, Piano, Synthesizers, Hammond Organ Bass,
Autoharp, Glockenspiel, Cornet, Percussion). Mark Dawson is their current live drummer.

They were named 2006 Artists of the Year by Real Detroit Weekly. Their song "Wedding Ring" was featured in an episode of Grey's Anatomy. Their song "Wicked Man" was featured in an episode of Friday Night Lights. Their song "See and Be Scene" was featured in a 2010 Chevrolet commercial.

East Lansing, Michigan
East Lansing is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. Most of the city lies within Ingham County, although a small portion extends north into Clinton County. At the 2020 census, the city had a population of 47,741. The city is located immediately east of Lansing, Michigan's capital and sixth most populous city. Both cities are part of the Lansing–East Lansing metropolitan area.

East Lansing is a college town, and is home to Michigan State University (MSU), one of the largest public universities in the United States. The city is economically and demographically dominated by MSU.
Taiping Bridge (She County)
The Taiping Bridge (simplified Chinese: 太平桥; traditional Chinese: 太平橋; pinyin: Tàipíng Qiáo), commonly known as Widow Bridge (寡妇桥; 寡婦橋; Guǎfù Qiáo), is a historic stone arch bridge over the Lian River in the town of Huicheng, She County, Anhui, China.

Arch bridge
An arch bridge is a bridge with abutments at each end shaped as a curved arch. Arch bridges work by transferring the weight of the bridge and its loads partially into a horizontal thrust restrained by the abutments at either side, and partially into a vertical load on the arch supports. A viaduct (a long bridge) may be made from a series of arches, although other more economical structures are typically used today.