hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dot Cleminshaw
Dorothy Cleminshaw (née Mullany; 15 September 1922 – 18 December 2011) was a South African civil rights activist and anti-apartheid activist. A member of the Liberal Party of South Africa, she was a prominent figure in the Black Sash in the Western Cape, known particularly for her research and advocacy on political detentions, abortion rights, and conscientious objection.

Conscription in South Africa
Conscription in South Africa was established in 1967 and abolished in 1994 via a constitutional amendment. At its peak, conscription in South Africa consisted of two years of mandatory military service, followed by camps at intervals. Under apartheid, the call-up applied to all white men after completing their schooling or further studies. The End Conscription Campaign began in 1983 in opposition to the requirement. In the same year the National Party government announced plans to extend conscription to white immigrants in the country. The policy was defended by Magnus Malan, Minister of Defence in the cabinet of President P. W. Botha in 1988: "One of the biggest advances in South Africa is National Service", he added that relatives were  "prepared to sacrifice the husband or the child for their country because they consider it an honour to die for their country!"
San Pietro ad Mensulas
San Pietro ad Mensulas is a Romanesque-style, Roman Catholic church just outside Sinalunga, province of Siena, region of Tuscany, Italy. It is now part of the Diocese of Montepulciano-Chiusi-Pienza.

The church was built as a parish in the lower, then marshy parts of the country, putatively one of seven parishes founded by St Donatus of Arezzo in the 4th century. The Romanesque basilica structure is still evident after 19th-century restorations. The nave is separated from aisles by thick square columns. The interior has some degraded medieval frescoes by school of Guidoccio Cozzarelli, and a some later Renaissance art additions. An altarpiece dated 1634 depicts the Granting of the Keys to Peter.

Donatus of Arezzo
Saint Donatus of Arezzo (Italian: San Donato di Arezzo) is the patron saint of Arezzo, and considered a bishop of the city.

A Passio of Donatus' life was written by a bishop of Arezzo, Severinus; it is of questionable historicity.  He calls Donatus a martyr, though Donatus is described as a bishop and confessor of the faith in ancient sources rather than as a martyr. An early hagiography of Donatus was already known to Gregory the Great.

According to tradition, Donatus was martyred on August 7, 362 during the reign of Julian the Apostate and was a native of Nicomedia.
Lukinskogo doma invalidov
Lukinskogo doma invalidov (Russian: Лукинского дома инвалидов) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Golovinskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 111 as of 2010.

Vladimir Oblast
Vladimir Oblast (Russian: Влади́мирская о́бласть, romanized: Vladimirskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Vladimir, which is located 190 kilometers (120 mi) east of Moscow. As of the 2010 Census, the oblast's population was 1,443,693.

The UNESCO World Heritage List includes the 12th-century cathedrals of Vladimir, Suzdal, Bogolyubovo, and Kideksha.
England national under-20 football team
England national under-20 football team, also known as England Under-20s or England U20(s), represents England in association football at an under-20 age level and is controlled by the Football Association, the governing body for football in England.

England were champions of the FIFA U-20 World Cup, after defeating Venezuela in the final of the 2017 tournament.

From October 2023, the squad was rebranded as the England Men's Elite League Squad to reflect their participation in the Under 20 Elite League. This reverted back to England U20s in August 2025.

Venezuela national under-20 football team
The Venezuela national under-20 football team represents Venezuela in international men's football competitions such as South American Youth Championship|CONMEBOL Sub20. The team became runners-up in the 2017 FIFA U-20 World Cup.
Come See About Me (Freda Payne album)
Come See About Me was Freda Payne's fifteenth studio album and her first in five years. The album itself is a combination of the musical styles of pop, R&B, and jazz. Primarily a cover album, this album contains only five original songs: "Let's Make Beautiful Music", "First Impression", "I Live for New York City", "You Complete Me", and "Just Like That" (the last of which is a duet with the Temptations' Ali-Ollie Woodson). Inside the album cover is an essay written by Lee Hildebrand in December 2000 that discusses Payne's life and career and personal comments by Payne herself.

Preston Glass
Preston Glass (born January 9, 1960) is an American musician, songwriter and producer. Glass is the winner of six BMI Awards. He has also worked with several famous artists such as Aretha Franklin, Whitney Houston, Diana Ross, Kenny G, Natalie Cole and Earth, Wind & Fire.
Peter Gildea
Peter Gildea (1883–1940) was a Scottish professional football outside right who played in the Football League for Bury. He also played in the Scottish League for Airdrieonians and later served Celtic as a scout.

Airdrieonians F.C. (1878)
Airdrieonians Football Club, more commonly known as Airdrie, was a Scottish professional football team from the town of Airdrie, in the Monklands area of Lanarkshire.

The club became defunct at the end of the Scottish Football League 2001–02 season, despite the team finishing as runners-up in the SFL First Division to Partick Thistle and therefore only narrowly missing out on promotion to the Scottish Premier League.

During their 124-year existence the "Diamonds", as they were nicknamed, won the old Scottish Division Two three times, the Spring Cup once and the Scottish Challenge Cup on three occasions. The club also competed in four separate Scottish Cup finals; winning the competition in 1924.

Airdrieonians were the first club in the Scottish League to fold since 1967, when Third Lanark went bankrupt.
Sean Naylor
Sean D. Naylor is a Canadian journalist. Naylor is the National Security Correspondent for Yahoo News. He previously covered intelligence and counterterrorism for Foreign Policy and spent over 20 years at Army Times, with stints as an embedded reporter with troops in Somalia, Haiti, the Balkans, Afghanistan and Iraq. Naylor has freelanced for The New York Times and Newsweek and is the author of two books, Not a Good Day to Die: The Untold Story of Operation Anaconda and Relentless Strike: The Secret History of Joint Special Operations Command.

Pritzker Military Museum & Library
The Pritzker Military Museum & Library (formerly Pritzker Military Library) is a non-profit museum and research library for the study of military history located in a state-of-the art facility in Kenosha, WI. The institution was founded in 2003, and its specialist collections include material relating to Winston Churchill and war-related sheet music.
Freaky Deaky Music Festival
Freaky Deaky Music Festival is a festival held on October 30 – November 1 in Austin, Texas to celebrate Halloween. The festival was founded by React Presents in 2008, which began a big Halloween party featuring carnival rides, games, costume contests, art, music and more. The festival has featured a range of artists including Bassnectar, Pretty Lights, Carnage, Schoolboy Q, and Keys n Krates.

Bassnectar
Lorin Gabriel Ashton (born February 16, 1978), known professionally as Bassnectar, is an American DJ and electronic music producer.

Bassnectar became known for live shows that combined layered sound design with immersive visuals and attracted a large, dedicated fan base, and his work has been credited with helping to popularize bass-heavy electronic music in the United States. He appeared at major festivals such as Coachella, Bonnaroo, and Electric Daisy Carnival, and released charting albums including Noise vs. Beauty (2014) and Unlimited (2016).
Garcia Live Volume 12
GarciaLive Volume 12 is a three-CD live album by Jerry Garcia and Merl Saunders.  It contains the complete concert recorded on January 23, 1973 at the Boarding House in San Francisco.  It was released on December 20, 2019.

At this concert, Jerry Garcia (electric guitar, vocals) and Merl Saunders (keyboards, vocals) were accompanied by their usual rhythm section of John Kahn (bass guitar) and Bill Vitt (drums).  They were joined by vocalist Sarah Fulcher, who often sang with the band in the early part of 1973.

The Boarding House (nightclub)
The Boarding House was a music and comedy nightclub, located at 960 Bush Street in San Francisco, California, opened by David Allen in 1971 and closed in the early 1980s. Many comedians launched their career at The Boarding House, including Robin Williams. Steve Martin's first three albums were recorded there, Let's Get Small, A Wild and Crazy Guy, and Comedy Is Not Pretty!, in whole or in part. Ellen DeGeneres and Jay Leno have said they first met at The Boarding House.

The club was also host to a multitude of musical acts, such as Jerry Garcia, Dire Straits, Dolly Parton, Patti Smith, Neil Young, Bette Midler, Billy Joel, Bob Marley and the Wailers, Mason Williams, The Tubes, Talking Heads, Old & In the Way, Randy Newman, Dan Hicks & His Hot Licks, Jim Croce, Harry Chapin, Hoyt Axton, Camel, and Tom Waits. The Residents also first played there.
Kaplon (chieftain)
Kaplon (or Cupan)  was a Hungarian tribal chieftain, the second son of Kond, who was one of the seven chieftains of the Magyars according to Anonymus, author of the Gesta Hungarorum. It is possible that Kurszán, who was killed in 904, was his elder brother.

After the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin (895 or 896–c. 907), the brothers Kücsid and Kaplon settled in the Nyírség, northeastern part of the Great Hungarian Plain and founded a monastery in Kaplony (today: Căpleni, Romania), near the Ecsed Marsh. Chieftain Kaplon was the ancestor of the gens (or clan) Kaplon. The Károlyi (which still exists), Bagossy, Csomaközy, Vadai and Vetési families were also originate from that genus.

Anonymus (notary of Béla III)
Anonymus Bele regis notarius (/aˈnɔ.ni.mus ˈbeː.le ˈreː.ɡis noˈtaː.ri.us/) ("Anonymous Notary of King Bela") or Master P. (fl. late 12th century – early 13th century) was the notary and chronicler of a Hungarian king, probably Béla III. Little is known about him, but his latinized name began with P, as he referred to himself as "P. dictus magister".

Anonymus is famous for his work Gesta Hungarorum ("The Deeds of the Hungarians"), written in Medieval Latin around 1200. This work provides the most detailed history of the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin. Most of his attempts to explain the origin of several Hungarian place names are unsupported by modern etymology.
Nedachlebice
Nedachlebice is a municipality and village in Uherské Hradiště District in the Zlín Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 800 inhabitants.

Nedachlebice lies approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) east of Uherské Hradiště, 17 km (11 mi) south of Zlín, and 254 km (158 mi) south-east of Prague.

Zlín Region
Zlín Region (Czech: Zlínský kraj) is an administrative unit (Czech: kraj) of the Czech Republic, located in the south-eastern part of the historical region of Moravia. It is named after its capital Zlín. Together with the Olomouc Region, it forms a cohesion area of Central Moravia. It is located in the eastern part of the Czech Republic, where the borders with Slovakia (Trenčín and Žilina Regions) are formed by its eastern edge. It borders the South Moravian Region in the southwest, the Olomouc Region in the northwest, and the Moravian-Silesian Region in the north. Culturally, the region is composed of parts of three traditional Moravian regions: Haná, the Moravian Slovakia, and the Moravian Wallachia, as the city of Zlín lies roughly at their tripoint.
B̤ē
B̤ē (ٻ) is an additional letter of the Arabic script, derived from bāʼ (ب) with an additional dot. It is not used in the Arabic alphabet itself, but is used to represent the sound [ɓ] when writing Sindhi, Saraiki, and Hausa in the Arabic script. The same sound may also be written simply as bāʾ in Hausa, undifferentiated from [b].

Both Hausa and Sindhi are also written in scripts besides Arabic. The sound represented by b̤ē is written Ɓ ɓ in Hausa's Latin orthography, and written ॿ in Sindhi and Saraiki's Devanagari orthography.

Latin alphabet
The Latin alphabet comprises the letters originally used by the ancient Romans to write the Latin language. In a largely unaltered form (two splits, ⟨J⟩ from ⟨I⟩ and ⟨U⟩ from ⟨V⟩; an addition, ⟨W⟩; and extensions such as letters with diacritics), it forms the Latin script that is used to write many languages worldwide: in western and central Europe, in Africa, in the Americas, and in Oceania. It is the most widely used writing system in the world, used by over 3,000 languages, which is about 70% of the global population.

Its basic modern 26-letter inventory is standardized as the ISO basic Latin alphabet.
Villa Erba
Villa Erba is a 19th-century villa in Cernobbio, on the western shore of Lake Como in northern Italy. Its location is not far from the Villa d'Este luxury hotel in Cernobbio.

The villa was built by Luigi Erba, brother of the prominent Italian businessman Carlo Erba (founder of the Erba pharmaceutical company), to express his grandiosity. After the death of Luigi Erba, the villa was inherited by his daughter Carla (1880–1939) and was used by members of her family, including her son Luchino Visconti.

In 1986, the property was bought by a public consortium to use as an exposition and congress center.

Villa
A villa is a type of house that was originally an ancient Roman upper class country house that provided an escape from urban life. Since its origins in the Roman villa, the idea and function of a villa have evolved considerably. After the fall of the Roman Republic, villas became small farming compounds, which were increasingly fortified in Late Antiquity, sometimes transferred to the Church for reuse as a monastery. They gradually re-evolved through the Middle Ages into elegant upper-class country homes. In the early modern period, any comfortable detached house with a garden near a city or town was likely to be described as a villa; most surviving villas have now been engulfed by suburbia. In modern parlance, "villa" can refer to various types and sizes of residences, ranging from the suburban semi-detached double villa to, in some countries, especially around the Mediterranean, residences of above average size in the countryside.
Sartwellia
Sartwellia is a genus of North American flowering plants in the tribe Tageteae within the family Asteraceae. The common name is glowwort. The genus was named for American botanist Henry Parker Sartwell.

San Luis Potosí
San Luis Potosí, officially the Free and Sovereign State of San Luis Potosí, is one of the 32 states which compose the Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 59 municipalities and is named after its capital city, San Luis Potosí.

It is located in eastern and central Mexico and is bordered by seven other Mexican states: Nuevo León to the north; Tamaulipas to the north-east; Veracruz to the east; Hidalgo, Querétaro and Guanajuato to the south; and Zacatecas to the north-west. In addition to the capital city, other major cities in the state include Ciudad Valles, Matehuala, Rioverde, and Tamazunchale.
Rolf Westerberg
Rolf Westerberg is a former speedway rider from Norway. He won the silver medal on three occasions at the Norwegian Individual Speedway Championship in 1954, 1956 and 1959.

He reached the final of the Individual Speedway Long Track World Championship in 1957 and 1961.

Norwegian Individual Speedway Championship
The Individual Speedway Norwegian Championship is an annual speedway event held each year organised by the Norges Motorsportforbund (NMF). The first championship was held in 1938 in Trondheim and saw Ragnar C. Erichsen as winner.
Real Giulianova
Real Giulianova S.s.d. a r.l.  was an Italian association football club based in Giulianova, in the Province of Teramo, Abruzzo region. Real Giulianova is a phoenix club of Giulianova and Città di Giulianova, after Real Giulianova was relocated and renamed from Castellalto in 2016.

Promozione
The Promozione ([promotˈtsjoːne], "promotion") is the sixth level in the Italian football league system.  Each individual league winner within the Promozione level progresses to their closest regional league in the Eccellenza level.  Depending on each league's local rules, a number of teams each year are relegated from each league, to the 7th level of Italian football, the Prima Categoria. This level of Italian football is completely amateur and is run on a regional level.
Dayere Zangi
Dayere Zangi (transl. Tambourine) (Persian: دایره‌زنگی, romanized: Dayereh-ye Zangi) is a 2008 Iranian comedy drama film directed by Parisa Bakhtavar and written by Asghar Farhadi. It was released in Iran during the Nowrooz holidays and was an average gross.

Saber Abar
Saber Abar (Persian: صابر اَبَر; born June 8, 1984) is an Iranian actor, director and writer. He is best known for his performance in About Elly (2008), directed by Academy Award-winning Asghar Farhadi. He has received various accolades, including two Iran Cinema Celebration Awards and an Iran's Film Critics and Writers Association Award, in addition to nominations for two Crystal Simorghs and two Hafez Awards.
Livy Paige
Olivia 'Livy' Paige  (born 28 July 1996) is an English international field hockey player who played as a midfielder for England and Great Britain.

She plays club hockey in the Women's England Hockey League Premier Division for Hampstead & Westminster.

Paige has also played for hdm, Uni of Birmingham, Reading and Marlow.

University of Birmingham Hockey Club
The University of Birmingham Hockey Club is a field hockey club based at the University of Birmingham. The club is regarded as the most successful English University Hockey Club, boasting four national league teams, more than any other English university.

The club plays its home games on the Bournbrook pitches (colloquially known as the 'Bourney B') on the south side of the University off the Edgbaston Park Road. The pitches hosted both the Men's and Women's competitions during the Birmingham 2022 Commonwealth Games. UOBHC runs seven men's teams and seven women's teams competing in both BUCS and weekend leagues.  The men's first XI play in Division One North of the Men's England Hockey League and the women's first XI play in the Premier Division Women's England Hockey League.
Staroye Annino
Staroye Annino (Russian: Старое Аннино) is a rural locality (a village) in Petushinskoye Rural Settlement, Petushinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 92 as of 2010. There are 17 streets.

Vladimir Oblast
Vladimir Oblast (Russian: Влади́мирская о́бласть, romanized: Vladimirskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Vladimir, which is located 190 kilometers (120 mi) east of Moscow. As of the 2010 Census, the oblast's population was 1,443,693.

The UNESCO World Heritage List includes the 12th-century cathedrals of Vladimir, Suzdal, Bogolyubovo, and Kideksha.
Ashkenazi Synagogue of Istanbul
The Ashkenazi Synagogue (Turkish: Aşkenazi Sinagogu) is an Orthodox Jewish congregation and synagogue, located near the Galata Tower in Karaköy neighborhood of Beyoğlu in Istanbul, Turkey. The congregation worships in the Ashkenazi rite. It is the only currently active Ashkenazi synagogue in Istanbul open to visits and prayers.

Nusach Ashkenaz
Nusach Ashkenaz is a style of Jewish liturgy conducted by Ashkenazi Jews. It is primarily a way to order and include prayers, and differs from Nusach Sefard (as used by the Hasidim) and Baladi-rite prayer, and still more from the Sephardic rite proper, in the placement and presence of certain prayers.
Mary E. Sweeney
Mary E. Sweeney (October 11, 1879 – June 11, 1968) was a home economics professional who was head of the home economics section of the United States Food Administration during World War I. Sweeney was President of American Home Economics Association.

Born in Lexington, Kentucky on October 11, 1879, to Dr. W. O. Sweeney and Margaret Prewitt Sweeney, Mary E. Sweeney attended Transylvania University, where she received her bachelor's degree in 1899. She earned a Master of Science degree from the University of Kentucky, and another master's degree in 1912 from Columbia University.

Transylvania University
Transylvania University (often shortened as Transy) is a private liberal arts college in Lexington, Kentucky, United States. It was founded in 1780 and is Kentucky's oldest university. It offers 46 major programs, as well as dual-degree engineering programs, and is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools. Its medical program has graduated 8,000 physicians since 1859.

Transylvania's name, meaning "across the woods" in Latin, stems from the institution's founding in the heavily forested region of western Virginia known as the Transylvania Colony, which existed between 1775 and 1776 in southern and western Kentucky.

It is the alma mater of two U.S. vice presidents, two U.S. Supreme Court justices, 50 U.S. senators, 101 U.S. representatives, 36 U.S. governors, and 34 U.S. ambassadors, making it a large producer of American statesmen.
San Román province
San Román is a province in the Puno Region of Peru. It borders the provinces of Lampa, Azángaro, Puno, Huancane, the Arequipa Province of the Arequipa Region and Moquegua Region's province of General Sánchez Cerro. Its capital is the city of Juliaca.

General Sánchez Cerro province
General Sánchez Cerro, known as Puquina until 1936, is the smallest of three provinces in the Moquegua Region of Peru. The capital of the province is Omate. The province was named after the former Peruvian army officer and president Luis Miguel Sánchez Cerro.
Park Ji-hyun (politician)
Park Ji-hyun (Korean: 박지현, Korean pronunciation: [pɑktɕiçʌn]; born 29 March 1996) is a South Korean political activist and former co-chair of the Democratic Party of Korea (DPK), the main opposition party. In 2019, she helped to expose one of the largest online sex-crime rings in South Korea, called the Nth Room. In March 2022, she was appointed interim co-chair of the Democratic Party at the age of 25, and resigned in June. Park was named to the Time100 Next, Time magazine's list of emerging leaders, as well as the 2022 BBC 100 Women and Bloomberg 50 lists, in recognition of her work in combating digital sex crimes and fighting for gender equality in politics.

100 Women (BBC)
100 Women is a BBC multi-format series established in 2013. The annual series examines the role of women in the 21st century and has included events in London and Mexico. Announcement of the list is the start of an international "BBC's women season", lasting three weeks including broadcast, online reports, debates and journalism on the topic of women. Women around the world are encouraged to participate via social media and comment on the list, as well as on the interviews and debates that follow release of the list.