hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Stable theory
In the mathematical field of model theory, a theory  is called stable  if it satisfies certain combinatorial restrictions on its complexity. Stable theories are rooted in the proof of Morley's categoricity theorem and were extensively studied as part of Saharon Shelah's classification theory, which showed a dichotomy that either the models of a theory admit a nice classification or the models are too numerous to have any hope of a reasonable classification. A first step of this program was showing that if a theory is not stable then its models are too numerous to classify.

Stable theories were the predominant subject of pure model theory from the 1970s through the 1990s, so their study shaped modern model theory and there is a rich framework and set of tools to analyze them. A major direction in model theory is "neostability theory," which tries to generalize the concepts of stability theory to broader contexts, such as simple and NIP theories.

Diophantine geometry
In mathematics, Diophantine geometry is the study of Diophantine equations by means of powerful methods in algebraic geometry. By the 20th century it became clear for some mathematicians that methods of algebraic geometry are ideal tools to study these equations. Diophantine geometry is part of the broader field of arithmetic geometry.

Four theorems in Diophantine geometry that are of fundamental importance include:

Mordell–Weil theorem

Roth's theorem

Siegel's theorem

Faltings's theorem
2019 Delray Beach Open – Doubles
Jack Sock and Jackson Withrow were the defending champions, but Sock withdrew from the tournament due to injury. Withrow played alongside Nick Kyrgios, but lost in the quarterfinals to Radu Albot and Yoshihito Nishioka.

Bob and Mike Bryan won the title, defeating Ken and Neal Skupski in the final, 7–6(7–5), 6–4. It was the first all-brothers doubles final on the ATP Tour since June 1977, when Vijay Amritraj and Anand Amritraj beat John Lloyd and David Lloyd 6–1, 6–2 at The Queen's Club in London.

Jackson Withrow
Jackson Withrow (born July 7, 1993) is an American professional tennis player who specializes in doubles. Withrow has a career-high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 16 achieved on 19 February 2024. Withrow has won 10 ATP doubles titles.
Central Hudson Energy Group
CH Energy Group, Inc. is most known for its subsidiary Central Hudson Gas & Electric, commonly known as Central Hudson. Central Hudson Gas & Electric delivers electricity and natural gas  to residents of a 2,600-square-mile (6,700 km2) service territory that extends north from the suburbs of metropolitan New York City to the Capital District at Albany. It is a subsidiary of Fortis Inc., a diversified electric utility holding company based in Canada, though Central Hudson is headquartered in Poughkeepsie, New York.

Central Hudson has faced public backlash in Ulster County, with the retired, young parents, and small business owners complaining about arbitrary rate increases. On 4 February 2025, the  City of Kingston passed a municipal  resolution in favor of the Hudson Valley Power Authority Act.

Ulster County, New York
Ulster County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. It is situated along the Hudson River. As of the 2020 census, the population was 182,977. The county seat is Kingston. The county is named after the Irish province of Ulster. The county is part of the Hudson Valley region of the state.
India at the 2006 Winter Olympics
India sent a delegation to compete at the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin, Italy from 10–26 February 2006. This was the nation's seventh appearance in a Winter Olympic Games. The Indian delegation consisted of four athletes, two in alpine skiing, one in cross-country skiing, and one in luge. Their best performance in any event was 25th by luger Shiva Keshavan in the men's singles.

Neha Ahuja
Neha Ahuja (born September 27, 1981) is an Indian former alpine skier who represented India in the 2006 Winter Olympics held in Torino, Italy. Ahuja was also the flag bearer in the opening and closing ceremonies. She has achieved several milestones in skiing for India. She is the first Indian woman to have qualified for the Winter Olympics. She is also the first woman to qualify for both the slalom and giant slalom events in the Olympics. Ahuja was one of four Indians competing at the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin. She placed 51st in the slalom (SL) and 42nd in the giant slalom (GS) events. Her older sister Shefali Ahuja represented India in the 3rd Winter Asian games held in Harbin, China, and her younger sister Swati Ahuja participated in the fourth season of MTV Roadies.
Brabham BT17
The Brabham BT17 was a one-off sports prototype race car, designed by British-Australian engineer Ron Tauranac, and developed and built by British manufacturer, constructor, and Formula One racing team, Brabham. It was built to Group 7 racing specifications, in 1966, and was the only Group 7 sports car built by Brabham. Only one single model was produced. It only contested three sports car races, scoring no wins, podiums, pole positions, or points finishes.

It was also notably the last sports car to bear the Brabham name for 52 years, until the Brabham BT62 was introduced, in 2018. It was initially powered by a 4.3 L (260 cu in) Repco-Brabham V8 engine, however, due to reliability problems with the original engine, the engine was swapped with a smaller 3.0 L (180 cu in) Repco 620 V8 engine, producing 315 hp (235 kW), and drove the rear wheels via a Hewland 5-speed manual transmission.

Brabham BT62
The Brabham BT62 is a mid-engine track-day car produced by Australian car manufacturer Brabham Automotive. It was introduced in 2018 with deliveries starting at the end of that year. A planned production of only 70 cars was intended, in honour of the company's 70 year heritage in racing.
Pablo Trejo Pérez
Pablo Trejo Pérez (born 24 January 1964) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD). 
In 2006–2009 he served as a federal deputy in the 60th Congress, representing the Federal District's thirteenth district for the  PRD.

13th federal electoral district of Mexico City
The 13th federal electoral district of Mexico City (Spanish: Distrito electoral federal 13 de la Ciudad de México; previously "of the Federal District") 
is one of the 300 electoral districts into which Mexico is divided for elections to the federal Chamber of Deputies and one of 22 such districts in Mexico City.

It elects one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each three-year legislative session by means of the first-past-the-post system. Votes cast in the district also count towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the fourth region.

The current member for the district, elected in the 2024 general election, is Francisco Sánchez Cervantes of the National Regeneration Movement (Morena).
Duke of Gor
Duke of Gor (Spanish: Duque de Gor) is an hereditary title in the peerage of Spain, accompanied by the dignity of Grandee, and granted in 1803 by Charles IV to Nicolás Mauricio Álvarez de las Asturias Bohorques, 12th Lord of Gor, 6th Marquess of Trujillos, 5th Count of Torrepalma and field marshal of the Royal Spanish Armies.

Nicolás Mauricio was son of Alonso Diego Álvarez de las Asturias Bohorques y Verdugo, 11th Lord of Gor, 5th Marquess of Trujillos, 4th Count of Torrepalma, and of María Fausta Vélez Ladrón de Guevara y Enríquez, Countess of Canillas de los Torneros de Enríquez.

The title's name refers to the town of Gor in the province of Granada.

Province of Burgos
The province of Burgos is a province of northern Spain, in the northeastern part of the autonomous community of Castile and León. It is bordered by the provinces of Palencia, Cantabria, Vizcaya, Álava, La Rioja, Soria, Segovia, and Valladolid. Burgos is the province of Spain that has borders with most provinces. Its capital is the city of Burgos.

The Cartularies of Valpuesta from the monastery Santa María de Valpuesta, in Burgos, are considered to be the oldest known documents containing words written in the Spanish language.
Lohia Boe Samuel
Lohia Boe Samuel is a Papua New Guinean Member of Parliament, representing the constituency of Moresby North-West surrounding the nation's capital, Port Moresby.

Samuel is from the village of Hanuabada, on the outskirts of Port Moresby, in Papua New Guinea. He is a member of the Motu Koita Assembly (consisting of Motu and Koita people, two groups of indigenous Papuans) for the Pangu Pati. He was elected to the 10th National Parliament for Pangu in June 2021.

In March 2022, Samuel and another man were charged with murder over the fatal shooting of a man at a restaurant in Port Moresby. The opposition leader, Belden Namah, called for Samuel's immediate resignation once his trial proceeds. However, Samuel's lawyers said that he is still eligible to campaign during the 2022 Papua New Guinean general election while his trial is under way.

National Parliament of Papua New Guinea
The National Parliament of Papua New Guinea is the unicameral national legislature in Papua New Guinea. It was created in 1964 as the House of Assembly of Papua and New Guinea but gained its current name after the nation was granted independence in 1975.
I.E.S. Mariano Quintanilla
The High School I.E.S. Mariano Quintanilla, Segovia is a state High School in Segovia, Spain, Europe. The building was the Provincial Institute of Segovia, one of the oldest in the country, which is today the IES Andrés Laguna. After the inauguration of the new building in 1963, this was the women's section until 1969 when it was established as a new independent center.

The main building is one of the best examples of Modernist architecture in Spain, regarded as Bien de Interés Cultural (Piece of cultural interest). Its architects were Joaquín Odriozola and Antonio Bermejo.

Antonio Bermejo
Antonio Bermejo (2 February 1853 – 19 October 1929) was an Argentine judge, lawyer and politician. Bermejo, who was born in Chivilcoy, was a lawyer, judge and Argentinian politician, Supreme Court of Argentina judge between 1903 and 1905, and president of the Court from 1905 to his death in Buenos Aires.

He was the longest-serving judge in the Court with 26 years and 4 months until 21 May 2010, date in which the judges Carlos Fayt and Enrique Santiago Petracchi surpassed him.
Two Pieces, Op. 58 (Medtner)
Two Pieces or Two Pieces for Two Pianos, Op. 58 (Russian: Две пьесы для двух фортепиано), is a composition for two pianos by Russian pianist and composer Nikolai Medtner. Written between 1940 and 1945, it is one of Medtner's last compositions.

Wootton Wawen
Wootton Wawen /ˈwʊtən ˈwoʊ.ən/ is a village and civil parish in the Stratford-on-Avon district of Warwickshire, England. The village is on the A3400 in mid-western Warwickshire, about 20 miles (32 km) from Birmingham, about 2 miles (3 km) south of Henley-in-Arden and about 6.5 miles (10 km) north of Stratford-upon-Avon. The soil is a strong clay and some arable crops are grown, but the land is mainly in pasture. The common fields were inclosed in 1776, but some inclosures had already been made about 1623.

The scenery is wooded and undulating, rising from about 200 feet (61 m), in the south to 488 feet (149 m), in the north-west at College Farm, above Forde Hall. Near here is Mockley Wood, which, with May's Wood in the centre of the parish and Austy Wood near Edstone, is one of the larger blocks of woodland. The older part of the village straddling the A3400 is designated as a Conservation Area because of its open, rural character and many historic buildings.
Fuiste un Trozo de Hielo en la Escarcha
"Fuiste un Trozo de Hielo en la Escarcha" (English: You Were a Piece of Ice in the Frost) is a ballad originally written by José María Cano for the female singer Amaya Uranga's (former Mocedades member) debut solo studio album Volver, released in 1986.

It was later covered by Puerto Rican singer Chayanne with production by Ronnie Foster. It was released as the third single from the Grammy nominated studio album Chayanne II (1988) and became the first number-one single for the singer in the Billboard Hot Latin Tracks chart in late 1989 and the first number-one single by a Puerto Rican musician.

Mocedades
Mocedades (Spanish pronunciation: [moθeˈðaðes]) is a Spanish singing group from the Basque Country, who represented Spain in the Eurovision Song Contest in 1973 with the hit song "Eres tú". Since June 2014, Mocedades has been the name of two bands: one with Izaskun Uranga as its leader and the other with Javier Garay. A third group, El Consorcio, is composed of former Mocedades members who left the group but have continued a career together outside the Mocedades brand.
Huia Harding
Huia Harding (born 12 July 1993) is a New Zealand rugby sevens player.

Harding joined the Black Ferns Sevens in 2018, she was one of three newly contracted players that year. She featured at the 2018 Japan Women's Sevens.

Harding was named in the Black Ferns Sevens squad for the 2018–19 Sevens Series.

In 2019, Harding scored a brace of tries in their 48–0 win against Japan at the Dubai Sevens. She later appeared at the 2019 South Africa Sevens in Cape Town.

Harding is a qualified lawyer and has represented Waikato in sevens and fifteens.

2019 Dubai Women's Sevens
The 2019 Dubai Women's Sevens will be a tournament held at The Sevens Stadium in Dubai, United Arab Emirates from 5–7 December 2019. It will be the ninth edition of the Dubai Women's Sevens and will also be the second tournament of the 2019–20 World Rugby Women's Sevens Series.
Slovak Greek Catholic Church
The Slovak Greek Catholic Church or Byzantine Catholic Church in Slovakia, is a sui iuris (autonomous) Eastern Catholic church based in Slovakia. As a particular church of the Catholic Church, it is in full communion with the Holy See. The church is organised as a single ecclesiastical province with one metropolitan see. Its liturgical rite is the Byzantine Rite. In 2008 in Slovakia alone, the Greek Catholic Church in Slovakia had some 350,000 faithful, 374 priests and 254 parishes. In 2017, the Catholic Church counted 207,320 Greek Catholics in Slovakia worldwide, representing roughly one percent of all Eastern Catholics.

Ritual family
Rites (Latin: ritus), liturgical rites, and ritual families within Christian liturgy refer to the families of liturgies, rituals, prayers, and other practices historically connected to a place, denomination, or group. Rites often interact with one another, such as in liturgical Latinization, and contain subsets known as uses. There are two broad categories which ritual families fall into: Latin or Western rites associated with Western Christianity and Eastern rites associated with Eastern Christianity. The most common rite is the Roman Rite, itself a Latin liturgical rite and further subdivided into several uses.
1998–99 Red Stripe Bowl
The 1998–99 Red Stripe Bowl was the 25th season of what is now the Regional Super50, the domestic limited-overs cricket competition for the countries of the West Indies Cricket Board (WICB). It ran from 6 to 19 October 1998.

Eight teams contested the competition – the six regular teams of West Indian domestic cricket (Barbados, Guyana, Jamaica, the Leeward Islands, Trinidad and Tobago, and the Windward Islands), plus two invited international teams from the ICC Americas region (Bermuda and the United States). All matches at the tournament were held in either Guyana or Jamaica, with the semi-finals and final held in the latter country, in Discovery Bay. Guyana and the Leeward Islands eventually progressed to the final, with Guyana winning by 52 runs to claim their sixth domestic one-day title. Guyanese batsman Shivnarine Chanderpaul led the tournament in runs, while Dinanath Ramnarine of Trinidad and Tobago and Anthony Lake of the Leeward Islands were the joint leading wicket-takers.

Limited overs cricket
Limited overs cricket, also known as white ball cricket, is a version of the sport of cricket in which a match is generally completed within one day. There are a number of formats, including List A cricket (8-hour games), Twenty20 cricket (3-hour games), , 100-ball cricket (2.5 hours) and T10 cricket (1.5 hour games). The name reflects the rule that in the match each team bowls a set maximum number of overs (sets of 6 legal balls), usually between 20 and 50, although shorter and longer forms of limited overs cricket have been played.

The concept contrasts with Test and first-class matches, which can take up to five days to complete. One-day cricket is popular with spectators as it can encourage aggressive, risky, entertaining batting, often results in cliffhanger endings, and ensures that a spectator can watch an entire match without committing to five days of continuous attendance.
Food security in Malawi
Malawi is one of the world's undeveloped countries and is ranked 170 out of 187 countries according to the 2010 Human Development Index. It has about 16 million people, 53% of whom live under the national poverty line and 90% of whom live on less than $2 per day.

The United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) estimated that there are 46,000 severely malnourished children in Malawi. In 2023, UNICEF warned that over 500,000 Malawian children in Malawi faced the risk of malnutrition. Today, many programs are put in place in Malawi to address climate instability, poverty and diversification in term of both the economy and agriculture.

Famine
A famine is a widespread scarcity of food caused by several possible factors, including, but not limited to: war, natural disasters, crop failure, widespread poverty, an economic catastrophe or government policies. This phenomenon is usually accompanied or followed by regional malnutrition, starvation, epidemic, and increased mortality. Every inhabited continent in the world has experienced a period of famine throughout history. During the 19th and 20th centuries, Southeast and South Asia, as well as Eastern and Central Europe, suffered the greatest number of fatalities due to famine. Deaths caused by famine declined sharply beginning in the 1970s, with numbers falling further since 2000. Since 2010, Africa has been the most affected continent in the world by famine. As of 2025,  Haiti and Afghanistan are the two countries with the most catastrophic and widespread states of famine, followed by Sudan.
James Matthews Legaré
James Matthews Legaré (November 26, 1823 in Charleston, South Carolina – March 30, 1859 in Aiken, South Carolina) was an American poet and  inventor.

He was a relative of Hugh S. Legaré. He was by profession an inventor, artist, and author, but whose ill health prevented the commercialization of his devices. He contributed poetry to magazines, and published a single volume, Orta-Undis and other poems in 1848.

Aiken, South Carolina
Aiken is the most populous city in, and the county seat of, Aiken County, South Carolina, United States. According to 2020 census, the population was 32,025, making it the 15th-most populous city in South Carolina, and one of the two largest cities of the Central Savannah River Area.

Founded in 1835, Aiken was named after William Aiken, the president of the South Carolina Railroad. It became part of Aiken County when the county was formed in 1871. In the late 19th century, Aiken gained fame as a wintering spot for wealthy people from the Northeast. Thomas Hitchcock, Sr. and William C. Whitney established the Aiken Winter Colony. Over the years Aiken became a winter home for many notable people, including George H. Bostwick, James B. Eustis, Madeleine Astor, William Kissam Vanderbilt, Eugene Grace, president of Bethlehem Steel, Allan Pinkerton, and W. Averell Harriman.

Aiken is home to the University of South Carolina Aiken.
Asthenozoospermia
Asthenozoospermia (or asthenospermia) is the medical term for reduced sperm motility. Complete asthenozoospermia, that is, 100% immotile spermatozoa in the ejaculate, is reported at a frequency of 1 of 5000 men. Causes of complete asthenozoospermia include metabolic deficiencies, ultrastructural abnormalities of the sperm flagellum (see Primary ciliary dyskinesia) and necrozoospermia.

It decreases the sperm quality and is therefore one of the major causes of infertility or reduced fertility in men. A method to increase the chance of pregnancy is ICSI. The percentage of viable spermatozoa in complete asthenozoospermia varies between 0 and 100%.

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI /ˈɪksi/ IK-see) is an in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedure in which a single sperm cell is injected directly into the cytoplasm of an egg. This technique is used in order to prepare the gametes for the obtention of embryos that may be transferred to a maternal uterus. With this method, the acrosome reaction is skipped.

There are several differences between classic IVF and ICSI. However, the steps to be followed before and after insemination are the same. In terms of insemination, ICSI needs only one sperm cell per oocyte, while IVF needs 50,000–100,000. This is because the acrosome reaction has to take place and thousands of sperm cells have to be involved in IVF. Once fertilized, the egg is transformed into a pre-embryo and it has to be transferred to the uterus to continue its development.

The first human pregnancy generated by ICSI was carried out in 1991 by Gianpiero Palermo and his team.
Burgalimar Castle
Burgalimar Castle (Spanish: Castillo de Burgalimar) is a historic castle in the town of Baños de la Encina, Jaén Province, Spain. It was built in the 10th century under the rule of the Umayyad Caliphate of Córdoba.

Province of Jaén (Spain)
Jaén (Spanish pronunciation: [xaˈen]) is a province of southern Spain, in the eastern part of the autonomous community of Andalusia. It is bordered by the provinces of Ciudad Real, Albacete, Granada and Córdoba. Its capital is the city of Jaén.
David Yeiser House
The David Yeiser House is a historic residence on the western side of Paducah, a city in the far western part of the U.S. state of Kentucky.  Built in the 1850s, it is named for an early resident who served as Paducah's mayor and presided over numerous civic improvements.  One of the city's few Greek Revival houses predating the 1860s, it sits on the field of a battle that resulted in the destruction of most of the houses around it.  Once operated as a museum for Paducah resident Alben W. Barkley, it has been named a historic site.

Jackson Purchase
The Jackson Purchase, also known as the Purchase Region or simply the Purchase, is a region in the U.S. state of Kentucky bounded by the Mississippi River to the west, the Ohio River to the north, and the Tennessee River to the east.
A3 problem solving
A3 problem solving is a structured problem-solving and continuous-improvement approach, first employed at Toyota and typically used by lean manufacturing practitioners. It provides a simple and strict procedure that guides problem solving by workers. The approach typically uses a single sheet of ISO A3-size paper, which is the source of its name. More contemporary versions include the Systems-oriented A3 (or S-A3)

CRC Press
The CRC Press is a publishing imprint principally for technical books. Many of its books are related to engineering, science and mathematics. Its scope also includes books on business, forensics and information technology. In 2003 the imprint was acquired by Taylor & Francis, a subsidiary of Informa. The CRC Press and Routledge imprints are key components of Taylor & Francis's academic publishing. As of 2025, the branding of CRC Press presents it as part of the Routledge branding.