hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Daniel Peterson (physician)
Daniel Peterson is an American physician in private practice in the state of Nevada, and has been described as a "pioneer" in the treatment of Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). He graduated from the University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, New York, in 1976 and was an intern and resident at the University of Utah Medical Center from 1976 to 1979. In 1979, he became a diplomate of the American Board of Internal Medicine. He is president of Sierra Internal Medicine of Incline Village, established in 1981.

Incline Village, Nevada
Incline Village is an upmarket census-designated place (CDP) on the north shore of Lake Tahoe in Washoe County, Nevada, United States. The population was 8,777 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Reno−Sparks Metropolitan Statistical Area. Until the 2010 census, the CDP Crystal Bay, Nevada was counted jointly with Incline Village. It is governed by the Incline Village General Improvement District (IVGID), a quasi-public agency that provides water, sewer, trash and recreation services for Incline Village and Crystal Bay, Nevada.

Sierra Nevada University, now The University of Nevada, Reno at Lake Tahoe,  is located in Incline Village. Incline Village is also home to Diamond Peak Ski Resort, which is owned by the community. Incline Village has some of the most expensive real estate in the United States.
Spock's Brain
"Spock's Brain" is the third season premiere episode of the American science fiction television series Star Trek. Written by Gene L. Coon (under the pseudonym Lee Cronin) and directed by Marc Daniels, it was first broadcast on September 20, 1968.

During the episode, an alien female played by Marj Dusay beams aboard the Enterprise and, after incapacitating the rest of the crew, surgically removes Spock's brain. Captain Kirk and the crew have just hours to locate and restore it before Spock's body dies.

Widely regarded as the worst episode of the series, it was the first to air after NBC moved the show from 8:30 p.m. to 10 p.m. on Friday nights.

Premiere
A premiere, also spelled première, (from French: première, 1re, transl. first, 1st) is the debut (first public presentation) of a work, i.e. play, film, dance, musical composition, or even a performer in that work.
Fatin al-Murr
Faten el-Murr (Arabic: فاتن المرّ; born 1969) is a Lebanese academic and writer. She is a holder of a doctorate degree, she is currently a professor of French literature at the Lebanese University in Zahle.

Lebanese University
The Lebanese University (LU; Arabic: الجامعة اللبنانية) is the only state-funded public university in Lebanon. It was established in 1951.

The university's main campus was originally located in Beirut, but a few satellite campuses were opened due to travel restrictions during the Lebanese Civil War. It has three main campuses: Rafic Hariri Campus, Fanar Campus and North Campus. The Roumieh campus, which features a faculty of engineering, is one of the satellite campuses.

The university currently enrolls thousands of students and is organized into 16 faculties. It offers a range of degree programs, include undergraduate, graduate and doctoral levels. The primary language of instruction is Arabic.
Quantum instrument
In quantum physics, a quantum instrument is a mathematical description of a quantum measurement, capturing both the classical and quantum outputs. It can be equivalently understood as a quantum channel that takes as input a quantum system and has as its output two systems: a classical system containing the outcome of the measurement and a quantum system containing the post-measurement state.

POVM
In functional analysis and quantum information science, a positive operator-valued measure (POVM) is a measure whose values are positive semi-definite operators on a Hilbert space. POVMs are a generalization of projection-valued measures (PVM) and, correspondingly, quantum measurements described by POVMs are a generalization of quantum measurement described by PVMs (called projective measurements).

In rough analogy, a POVM is to a PVM what a mixed state is to a pure state. Mixed states are needed to specify the state of a subsystem of a larger system (see purification of quantum state); analogously, POVMs are necessary to describe the effect on a subsystem of a projective measurement performed on a larger system.

POVMs are the most general kind of measurement in quantum mechanics, and can also be used in quantum field theory. They are extensively used in the field of quantum information.
Humorama
Humorama, a division of Martin Goodman's publishing firm, was a line of digest-sized magazines featuring girlie cartoons by Bill Ward, Bill Wenzel, Dan DeCarlo, Jack Cole and many others.

In addition to the cartoons, the magazines also displayed black-and-white photos of pin-up models, including Bettie Page, Eve Meyer and stripper Lili St. Cyr, plus actresses, including Joi Lansing, Tina Louise, Irish McCalla and Julie Newmar.

One of Martin Goodman's family members, Abe Goodman, headed this division. The line was published from at least the mid-1950s to mid-1960s. These titles were profitable for the company because the contents were inexpensive and production costs were minimal in comparison to the more complex full-size magazines published by the company.

Irish McCalla
Nellie Elizabeth "Irish" McCalla (December 25, 1928 – February 1, 2002) was an American film and television actress and artist best known as the title star of the 1950s television series Sheena, Queen of the Jungle. She co-starred with actor Chris Drake. McCalla was also a "Vargas Girl" model for pin-up girl artist Alberto Vargas.
1986 Honduran Segunda División
The 1986 Honduran Segunda División was the 20th season of the Honduran Segunda División.  Under the management of Carlos Padilla, Universidad won the tournament after finishing first in the final round (or Cuadrangular) and obtained promotion to the 1987–88 Honduran Liga Nacional.

Honduran Liga Nacional de Ascenso
Liga de Ascenso (Promotion League) is the second division of Honduran football; it was founded on 17 December 1979 as Segunda División (Second Division) and renamed Liga de Ascenso (Promotion League) on 21 July 2002. The league is divided into 4 groups: Zona Norte y Atlántica (North and Atlantic Zone), Zona Norte y Occidente (North and West Zone), Zona Centro y Sur (Central and South Zone), Zona Sur y Oriente (South and East Zone). The top 2 teams of each group qualifies for the liguilla (play-offs). Each season is divided into two tournaments, Apertura (opening) and Clausura (closing). The champions of the opening and closing tournament compete for the promotion to  Liga Nacional de Fútbol de Honduras in a two-legged match.

Two teams are relegated to Liga Mayor de Futbol de Honduras. The last team of each group face off in a playoff (North vs North and South vs South).
Caroline Xavier
Caroline Xavier is the Chief of the Canadian Communications Security Establishment (CSE) since August 2022.

She is a daughter of migrants from Haiti who went to study in Canada and immigrated there. She graduated at the University of Ottawa with a degree in Administration, and earned a master's degree at the Dalhousie University in Nova Scotia. She has worked as a public servant for more than 30 years, including positions at the Industry Canada, the Canada Revenue Agency and the Canada Border Services Agency.

In 2017 she was appointed Assistant Secretary to the Cabinet, Security and Intelligence at the Privy Council Office. In February 2020 she was appointed Associate Deputy Minister of Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship for the Government of Canada.

On August 31, 2022, she was appointed Chief of Communications Security Establishment.

In 2023 she was recognised as a Canada's outstanding black woman by Shifter.

Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada
Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada (ISED; French: Innovation, Sciences et Développement économique Canada; ISDE) is a department of the Government of Canada. ISED is responsible for a number of the federal government's functions in regulating industry and commerce, promoting science and innovation, and supporting economic development. The department was known as Industry Canada (IC) prior to 2015.

The department is led by the Minister of Industry (currently Mélanie Joly), who also serves as the Minister responsible for Canada Economic Development for Quebec Regions. Several other ministerial portfolios are associated with the department. While the minister is head of the department, and provides policy/political direction, the day-to-day operations of the department are managed by the deputy minister, who is a public servant. The department headquarters are located at the C.D. Howe Building at 235 Queen Street in Ottawa, Ontario.
G. R. Santosh
Ghulam Rasool Santosh (1929 – March 10, 1997), also known as G. R. Santosh, was a Kashmiri painter and poet. He was best known for his themes inspired by Kashmir Shaivism. In 1979, he became the recipient of Sahitya Akademi Award for his poem titled Be Soakh Rooh.

Sahitya Akademi Award
The Sahitya Akademi Award  is a literary  honour in India,  which the Sahitya Akademi, India's National Academy of Letters, annually confers on writers of the most outstanding books of literary merit published in any of the 24 languages of the 8th Schedule to the Indian constitution as well as in English and Rajasthani language.

Established in 1954, the award comprises a plaque and a cash prize of ₹ 100,000. The award's purpose is to recognise and promote excellence in Indian writing and acknowledge new trends. The annual process of selecting awardees runs for the preceding 12 months. The plaque awarded by the Sahitya Akademi was designed by the Indian filmmaker Satyajit Ray. Prior to this, the plaque occasionally was made of marble, but this practice was discontinued because of its excessive weight. During the Indo-Pakistan War of 1965, the plaque was substituted with national savings bonds.
Spock's Brain
"Spock's Brain" is the third season premiere episode of the American science fiction television series Star Trek. Written by Gene L. Coon (under the pseudonym Lee Cronin) and directed by Marc Daniels, it was first broadcast on September 20, 1968.

During the episode, an alien female played by Marj Dusay beams aboard the Enterprise and, after incapacitating the rest of the crew, surgically removes Spock's brain. Captain Kirk and the crew have just hours to locate and restore it before Spock's body dies.

Widely regarded as the worst episode of the series, it was the first to air after NBC moved the show from 8:30 p.m. to 10 p.m. on Friday nights.

Marc Daniels
Marc Daniels (January 27, 1912 – April 23, 1989), born Danny Marcus, was an American television director. He directed on programs such as I Love Lucy, I Married Joan,  Gunsmoke, Star Trek, Mission: Impossible, Hogan's Heroes, Alice, and more.
Muradiye railway station
Muradiye station (Turkish: Muradiye istasyonu) is a station in Muradiye, Yunusemre, Turkey, just 3.5 km (2.2 mi) from Manisa. TCDD Taşımacılık operates six trains, all terminating at Basmane Terminal in İzmir, totaling to 12 daily trains by January 2020.

Muradiye station was originally built in 1865 by the Smyrna Cassaba Railway.

Basmane railway station
Basmane railway station (Turkish: Basmane Garı) is an intercity and regional railway terminal and rapid transit station in İzmir, Turkey. Along with Alsancak station, Basmane is one of two railway terminals in the city. All TCDD Taşımacılık trains terminate at this station, with intercity service to Ankara, Bandırma and Konya as well as regional service to Denizli, Söke, Tire and Ödemiş. The name originated from the Turkish phrase Basma hane.
Football in Cape Verde
Football is the most popular sport in Cape Verde.  The league is divided into eleven divisions, of which seven of them are singles and two islands, Santiago and Santo Antão has two zones since 2000.  The football association is a federation which is known as the Cape Verdean Football Federation, it became affiliated with CAF in 1986 and later with FIFA in 2001.

Boavista FC (Cape Verde)
Boavista Futebol Clube (Capeverdean Crioulo, ALUPEC or ALUPEK: FK Boavista or FK Boabista, Boavista or Boavista Futibol Klubi) is a football club that had played in the Premier division and plays in the Santiago Island South Zone League in Cape Verde.  It is based in the city of Praia in the island of Santiago.  The team has only reached a few of these games before and after independence. Its current president is Luis Manuel Semedo who once coached Boa Vista's Académica Operária. and its manager is Nelito Antunes.

Boavista Praia is one of the most successful football (soccer) club in Cape Verde, As of 2017 having won about 18 official titles, 6 are national titles and 12 are regional titles.

Its nicknames are As Panteras, also the nickname of Porto's Boavista F.C., the other nickname is Boavista, the club name. Not commonly used is Os Axadrezados (The Chequered ones) which is also Porto's Boavista FC nickname.
Closed wing
A closed wing is a wing that effectively has two main planes that merge at their ends so that there are no conventional wing tips. Closed wing designs include the annular wing (commonly known as the cylindrical or ring wing), the joined wing, the box wing, and spiroid tip devices.

Like many wingtip devices, the closed wing aims to reduce the wasteful effects associated with wingtip vortices that occur at the tips of conventional wings. Although the closed wing has no unique claim on such benefits, many closed wing designs do offer structural advantages over a conventional cantilever monoplane.

Lift-induced drag
Lift-induced drag, induced drag, vortex drag, or sometimes drag due to lift, in aerodynamics, is an aerodynamic drag force that occurs whenever a moving object redirects the airflow coming at it. This drag force occurs in airplanes due to wings or a lifting body redirecting air to cause lift and also in cars with airfoil wings that redirect air to cause a downforce. It is symbolized as , and the lift-induced drag coefficient as .

For a constant amount of lift, induced drag can be reduced by increasing airspeed. A counter-intuitive effect of this is that, up to the speed-for-minimum-drag, aircraft need less power to fly faster. Induced drag is also reduced when the wingspan is higher, or for wings with wingtip devices.
Cyclooctene
Cyclooctene is the cycloalkene with a formula C8H14.  Its molecule has a ring of 8 carbon atoms, connected by seven single bonds and one double bond.

Cyclooctene is notable because it is the smallest cycloalkene that can exist stably as either the cis or trans stereoisomer, with cis-cyclooctene being the most common.  Theoretical analysis implies a total of 16 conformational and configurational isomers, all chiral, forming 8 enantiomeric pairs.  The cis isomer can adopt various conformations, the most stable one being shaped like a ribbon. The most stable conformation of trans-cyclooctene is shaped like the 8-carbon equivalent of the chair conformation of cyclohexane.

Longer cycloalkene rings such as the ten-carbon cyclodecene also occur as cis and trans isomers.

Molecular configuration
The molecular configuration of a molecule is the permanent geometry that results from the spatial arrangement of its bonds. The ability of the same set of atoms to form two or more molecules with different configurations is stereoisomerism. This is distinct from constitutional isomerism which arises from atoms being connected in a different order. Conformers which arise from single bond rotations, if not isolatable as atropisomers, do not count as distinct molecular configurations as the spatial connectivity of bonds is identical.
Kebbe
Kebbe is a Local Government Area in Sokoto State, Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of Kebbe. The LGA shares a border with Zamfara State in the east and Kebbi State in the south and west.

It has an area of 2,618 km2 (1,011 sq mi) and a population of 124,658 at the 2006 census.

The postal code of the area is 850.

Local government areas of Nigeria
Nigeria has 768 local government areas (LGAs) and 6 Area Councils, making 774 LGA each administered by a local government council consisting of a chairman, who is the chief executive, and other elected members, who are referred to as councillors. Each LGA is further subdivided into a minimum of ten and a maximum of twenty wards. A ward is administered by a councillor, who reports directly to the LGA chairman. The councillors fall under the legislative arm of the Local Government, the third tier of government in Nigeria, below the state governments and the federal government.
Ohio State Route 557
State Route 557 (SR 557, OH 557) is a two-lane north–south state highway in the central portion of Ohio, a U.S. state.  The highway's southern terminus is at a T-intersection with State Route 643 approximately 2 miles (3.2 km) north of Baltic.  Its northern terminus is at a T-intersection with the concurrency of U.S. Route 62 and State Route 39 nearly 1.5 miles (2.4 km) west of the unincorporated community of Berlin.

Established in 1937, SR 557 runs exclusively within Holmes County. The highway had a temporary designation from the late 1940s to the early 1960s. The entire road was paved in 1950. The entire route is part of a scenic byway.

Berlin, Holmes County, Ohio
Berlin (/ˈbɝːlɪn/ BUR-lin) is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in central Berlin Township, Holmes County, Ohio, United States. It had a population of 1,447 at the 2020 census. Located in Ohio's Amish Country, the village is part of a large regional tourism industry.
Sunset Hill, Seattle
Sunset Hill is an area located in the northwest corner of the Ballard neighborhood of Seattle, Washington. It is home to the Sunset Hill Community Association. Founded in 1922, it was one of the first Seattle neighborhood associations. It is also home to the Sunset Hill Viewpoint Park, located at 7531 34th Ave NW. This park provides a scenic overlook onto the Shilshole and Elliott bays and provides a popular vantage point for photographs of the Olympic Mountains.

Elliott Bay
Elliott Bay is a part of the Central Basin region of Puget Sound. It is in the U.S. state of Washington, extending southeastward between West Point in the north and Alki Point in the south. Seattle was founded on this body of water in the 1850s and has since grown to encompass it completely. The waterway it provides to the Pacific Ocean has served as a key element of the city's economy, enabling the Port of Seattle to become one of the busiest ports in the United States.
Eva Peštová
Eva Peštová (born 4 November 1952) is a former ice dancer who represented Czechoslovakia. Together with Jiří Pokorný she competed at the 1976 Winter Olympics and finished in 11th place. Their best ISU Championship placement was eighth at the 1976 World Championships.

1976 Winter Olympics
The 1976 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XII Olympic Winter Games (German: XII. Olympische Winterspiele, French: XIIes Jeux olympiques d'hiver) and commonly known as Innsbruck 1976 (Austro-Bavarian: Innschbruck 1976), were a winter multi-sport event celebrated in Innsbruck, Austria, from February 4 to 15, 1976. The games were awarded to Innsbruck after Denver, the original host city, withdrew in 1972. This was the second time the Tyrolean capital had hosted the Winter Olympics, having first done so in 1964.
Elmwood Park Public Schools
Elmwood Park Public Schools is a comprehensive community public school district that serves students in pre-kindergarten through twelfth grade from Elmwood Park, in Bergen County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey.

As of the 2020–21 school year, the district, comprising five schools, had an enrollment of 2,586 students and 195.9 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 13.2:1.

The district is classified by the New Jersey Department of Education as being in District Factor Group "CD", the sixth-highest of eight groupings. District Factor Groups organize districts statewide to allow comparison by common socioeconomic characteristics of the local districts. From lowest socioeconomic status to highest, the categories are A, B, CD, DE, FG, GH, I and J.

Pre-kindergarten
Pre-kindergarten (also called pre-K or PK) is a voluntary classroom-based preschool program for children below the age of five in the United States, Canada, Turkey and Greece (when kindergarten starts). It may be delivered through a preschool or within a reception year in elementary school. Pre-kindergartens play an important role in early childhood education. They have existed in the US since 1922, normally run by private organizations. The U.S. Head Start program, the country's first federally funded pre-kindergarten program, was founded in 1967. This attempts to prepare children (especially disadvantaged children) to succeed in school.
2016 Qatar ExxonMobil Open
The 2016 Qatar Open (also known as 2016 Qatar ExxonMobil Open for sponsorship reasons) was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 24th edition of the Qatar Open, and part of the ATP World Tour 250 series of the 2016 ATP World Tour. It took place at the Khalifa International Tennis and Squash Complex in Doha, Qatar, from 4 January until 9 January 2016. First-seeded Novak Djokovic won the singles title.

ATP 250 tournaments
The ATP 250 tournaments are the lowest tier of annual men's tennis tournaments on the main ATP Tour, after the four Grand Slam tournaments, ATP Finals, ATP Masters 1000 tournaments, and ATP 500 tournaments. The winners of each tournament are awarded 250 ranking points—which accounts for the name of the series.

As of 2026, the series included 30 tournaments after the retirement of four tournaments (Atlanta, Córdoba, Lyon and Metz), the downgrade of two in 2025 (Estoril for a year, and Newport) and the upgrade of three tournaments to the 500 level (Dallas, Doha and Munich). Draws usually consist of 28 for singles, with Brisbane International (32) and Winston-Salem Open (48) being the only exceptions. Doubles draws consist of 16 teams.

Thomas Muster holds the record for most singles titles at 26, while Mike Bryan holds the record for most doubles titles won with 46.
Foundations of Cyclopean Perception
Foundations of Cyclopean Perception (ISBN 0-226-41527-9) is a book by Bela Julesz, published in 1971.

The Millennium Project ranked it at #57 on a list of the 100 most influential books in cognitive science in the 20th century.

Cognitive science
Cognitive science is the interdisciplinary, scientific study of the mind and its processes. It examines the nature, the tasks, and the functions of cognition (in a broad sense). Mental faculties of concern to cognitive scientists include perception, memory, attention, reasoning, language, and emotion. To understand these faculties, cognitive scientists borrow from fields such as psychology, philosophy, artificial intelligence, neuroscience, linguistics, and anthropology. The typical analysis of cognitive science spans many levels of organization, from learning and decision-making to logic and planning; from neural circuitry to modular brain organization. One of the fundamental concepts of cognitive science is that "thinking can best be understood in terms of representational structures in the mind and computational procedures that operate on those structures."