hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Benny Rebel
Benny Rebel, born Bahman Vafaeinejad (Persian: بهمن وفائی‌نژاد; born August 13, 1968, in Arak, Iran), is an Iranian-German photographer known for his extreme close-up portraits of dangerous wildlife of Africa by approaching within feet of the animals.

In 1987, Rebel immigrated to Hannover, Germany. His interest in wildlife conservation led to his involvement with the environmental advocacy group Greenpeace.

He has taken adventures in many countries, including South Africa, Namibia, Zimbabwe, Zambia, Rwanda, Kenya and Uganda, as well as Iran, Turkey, India, Sri Lanka, Mexico, Costa Rica, the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador, the Dominican Republic, the United States and some European countries.

Benny Rebel was awarded two gold medals by Trierenberg Super Circuit of Austria in 2002 and 2003.

Fauna of Africa
The fauna of Africa are all the animals living in Africa and its surrounding seas and islands. The more characteristic African fauna are found in the Afro-tropical realm. Lying almost entirely within the tropics, and stretching equally north and south of the equator creates favorable conditions for variety and abundance of wildlife. Africa is home to many of the world's most recognizable fauna such as lions‚ rhinoceroses‚ cheetahs‚ giraffes‚ antelope, hippopotamuses, leopards, zebras‚ and elephants, among many others.
4-hydroxyproline epimerase
In enzymology, a 4-hydroxyproline epimerase (EC 5.1.1.8) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline  cis-4-hydroxy-D-proline

Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline, and one product, cis-4-hydroxy-D-proline.

This enzyme belongs to the family of isomerases, specifically those racemases and epimerases acting on amino acids and derivatives.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is 4-hydroxyproline 2-epimerase. Other names in common use include hydroxyproline epimerase, hydroxyproline 2-epimerase, and L-hydroxyproline epimerase.  This enzyme participates in arginine and proline metabolism.

Isomerase
In biochemistry, isomerases are a general class of enzymes that convert a molecule from one isomer to another. Isomerases facilitate intramolecular rearrangements in which bonds are broken and formed. The general form of such a reaction is as follows:

There is only one substrate yielding one product. This product has the same molecular formula as the substrate but differs in bond connectivity or spatial arrangement. Isomerases catalyze reactions across many biological processes, such as in glycolysis and carbohydrate metabolism.
Hynek Krušina of Lichtenburg
Hynek Krušina of Lichtenburg (also: Henry Kruschina of Lichtenburg, in Czech: Hynek Krušina IV. z Lichtenburka; 1392 – 4 March 1454, Kłodzko (Czech: Kladsko, German: Glatz)) was a knight, Hussite commander and governor and lien holders of the County of Kladsko, the Duchy of Münsterberg and the city of Ząbkowice Śląskie (German: Frankenstein).

Hostinné
Hostinné (German: Arnau) is a town in Trutnov District in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 4,200 inhabitants. It lies on the Elbe river. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.
Shur Ab, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari
Shur Ab (Persian: شوراب, also Romanized as Shūr Āb) is a village in Poshtkuh Rural District, Falard District, Lordegan County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 264, in 46 families. The village is populated by Lurs.

Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province
Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province (Persian: استان چهارمحال و بختیاری) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Its capital is the city of Shahr-e Kord. The province lies in the southwest of the country, with an area of 16,332 square kilometers.

The province was classified as part of Region 2 upon the division of the provinces into 5 regions solely for coordination and development purposes on June 22, 2014.

Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province lies in the heart of the Zagros Mountains, a mountain range that stretches across north-western Iran and forms a natural barrier between Iran and Iraq.
Fountain of Life
The Fountain of Life, or in its earlier form the Fountain of Living Waters, is a Christian iconography symbol associated with baptism and/or eucharist, first appearing in the 5th century in illuminated manuscripts and later in other art forms such as panel paintings.

Panel painting
A panel painting is a painting made on a flat panel of wood, either a single piece or a number of pieces joined together. Until canvas became the more popular support medium in the 16th century, panel painting was the normal method, when not painting directly onto a wall (fresco) or on vellum (used for miniatures in illuminated manuscripts). Wood panels were also used for mounting vellum paintings.
Ashiya Dōman
Ashiya Dōman (ja. 蘆屋道満, spelled also 芦屋道満), also known as Dōma Hōshi (道摩法師) was an onmyōji who lived during the Heian period, in the reign of the Emperor Ichijō. The years of birth and death are unknown.

Despite being generally known as Ashiya Dōman nowadays, that name is unknown in the literature of the time when he was said to have been active. In addition, there are many unclear points about the real image, such as the theory that regards Ashiya Dōman and Dōma Hōshi to be different men. There is a record that "there was an onmyōji named Dōman in the Heian period, and he was hired by a noble woman named Takashina no Mitsuko (高階光子), aunt of Fujiwara no Korechika" According to the Harima Kagami, which was a history of the Edo Period, he was from Kishi village in Harima Province (present day Nishikankicho Kishi, Kakogawa, Hyōgo).

Kakogawa, Hyōgo
Kakogawa (加古川市, Kakogawa-shi) is a city located in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 June 2024, the city had an estimated population of 255,523 in 110,380 households and a population density of 1,800 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 138.48 square kilometres (53.47 sq mi).
Pentecost (island)
Pentecost is one of the 83 islands that make up the South Pacific nation of Vanuatu.

It lies 190 kilometres (120 mi) due north of capital Port Vila. Pentecost is known as Pentecôte in French and Pentekos in Bislama. The island was known in its native languages by names such as Vanu Aroaroa, although these names are not in common use today. Pentecost has also been referred to as Raga or Araga, a tribal name that originated in the north but is now widely applied to the whole island. In old sources, it is occasionally referred to as Whitsuntide Island.

Luganville
Luganville is the second largest city in Vanuatu after the capital Port Vila; it is located on the island of Espiritu Santo and has a population of 18,062 as of the 2020 census. Those on Vanuatu's northern islands who regard Luganville as their big city, particularly indigenous populations, call it Santo; rural residents of Espiritu Santo call it Kanal (from the former French name "Canal du Segond"). Luganville served as a major base of operations for American troops during World War II.

Boulevard Higinson, the main street that runs through Luganville, contains mainly tourist boutiques and general stores. During WWII, the Americans used the Espiritu Santo as a military base; as a result of the occupation, Boulevard Higinson is unusually wide, as a base commander insisted that four tanks should be able to drive along the road simultaneously. At one end of Higinson is the port, one of two main ports for the island.
Calcofluor-white
Calcofluor-white or CFW is a fluorescent blue dye used in biology and textiles. It binds to 1–3 beta and 1–4 beta polysaccharides that are present in the cell walls of fungi, plants, and protozoa. In plant cell biology research, it is used for the staining of cell walls of both algae and higher plants.  It is also useful in medicine as a sensitive tool for the visualization and identification of fungi in biopsy samples.

Plant physiology
Plant physiology is a subdiscipline of botany concerned with the functioning, or physiology, of plants. A professional in this field is called a Plant physiologist.

Plant physiologists study fundamental processes of plants, such as photosynthesis, respiration, plant nutrition, plant hormone functions, tropisms, nastic movements, photoperiodism, photomorphogenesis, circadian rhythms, environmental stress physiology, seed germination, dormancy and stomata function, and transpiration. Plant physiology interacts with the fields of plant morphology (structure of plants), plant ecology (interactions with the environment), phytochemistry (biochemistry of plants), cell biology, genetics, biophysics and molecular biology.
Netcode
Netcode is a blanket term most commonly used by gamers relating to networking in online games, often referring to synchronization issues between clients and servers.

Players often blame "bad netcode" when they experience lag or reverse state transitions when synchronization between players is lost. Although these events are sometimes caused by bugs, other networking-related causes include high latency between server and client, packet loss, or network congestion. Depending on the game implementation, these issues can also be caused by non-network factors such as frame rendering time or inconsistent frame rate. Netcode is often designed to mask networking irregularities and create a synchronous and smooth gamestate across multiple users.

Packet loss
Packet loss occurs when one or more packets of data travelling across a computer network fail to reach their destination. Packet loss is either caused by errors in data transmission, typically across wireless networks, or network congestion.: 36  Packet loss is measured as a percentage of packets lost with respect to packets sent.

The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) detects packet loss and performs retransmissions to ensure reliable messaging. Packet loss in a TCP connection is also used to avoid congestion and thus produces an intentionally reduced throughput for the connection.

In real-time applications like streaming media or online games, packet loss can affect a user's quality of experience (QoE).
Diazo
In organic chemistry, the diazo group is an organic moiety consisting of two linked nitrogen atoms at the terminal position.  Overall charge-neutral organic compounds containing the diazo group bound to a carbon atom are called diazo compounds or diazoalkanes and are described by the general structural formula R2C=N+=N−. The simplest example of a diazo compound is diazomethane, CH2N2.  Diazo compounds (R2C=N2) should not be confused with azo compounds (R−N=N−R) or with diazonium compounds (R−N+2).

Moiety (chemistry)
In organic chemistry, a moiety (/ˈmɔɪəti/ MOY-ə-tee) is a part of a molecule that is given a name because it is identified as a part of other molecules as well.

Typically, the term is used to describe the larger and characteristic parts of organic molecules, and it should not be used to describe or name smaller functional groups of atoms that chemically react in similar ways in most molecules that contain them. Occasionally, a moiety may contain smaller moieties and functional groups.

A moiety that acts as a branch extending from the backbone of a hydrocarbon molecule is called a substituent or side chain, which typically can be removed from the molecule and substituted with others.

The term is also used in pharmacology, where an active moiety is the part of a molecule responsible for the physiological or pharmacological action of a drug.
Sulthan (2021 film)
Sulthan is a 2021 Indian Tamil-language action drama film directed by Bakkiyaraj Kannan and produced by Dream Warrior Pictures. The film stars Karthi in titular role, alongside Rashmika Mandanna and Ramachandra Raju in their debuts in Tamil cinema, while Napoleon, Lal, Yogi Babu and Nawab Shah appear in supporting roles. The soundtrack and score were composed by Vivek–Mervin and Yuvan Shankar Raja respectively, while the cinematography and editing were handled by Sathyan Sooryan and Ruben respectively.

Sulthan was released in theatres on 2 April 2021. The film became an average venture at the box office, mainly because of theatre closures due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Sathyan Sooryan
Sathyan Sooryan is an Indian cinematographer who predominantly works in Tamil and Telugu films. He is an alumnus of the College of Fine Arts, Chennai. He has won the Filmfare Award for Best Cinematographer – South for his work in Dasara (2023).
Reist Rocks
Reist Rocks (66°31′S 107°25′E﻿ / ﻿66.517°S 107.417°E﻿ / -66.517; 107.417) is a small group of rocks on the Antarctic coast, 8 nautical miles (15 km) west of Snyder Rocks. First mapped from air photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump (1946–47). Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Wilbur H. Reist, tractor driver with U.S. Navy Operation Windmill (1947–48), who assisted in transporting shore parties that established astronomical control stations from Wilhelm II Coast to Budd Coast.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Reist Rocks". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Operation Windmill
Operation Windmill (OpWml) was the United States Navy's Second Antarctica Developments Project, an exploration and training mission to Antarctica in 1947–1948. This operation was a follow-up to the First Antarctica Development Project known as Operation Highjump (1946–1947). The expedition was commanded by Commander Gerald L. Ketchum, USN, and the flagship of Task Force 39 was the icebreaker USS Burton Island.

Missions during Operation Windmill varied including supply activities, helicopter reconnaissance of ice flows, scientific surveys, underwater demolition surveys, and convoy exercises. Malcolm Davis collected live animals, such as penguins and leopard seals, for zoological studies.

The icebreaker USS Edisto (AG-89) sailed on 1 November 1947 for the Panama Canal to rendezvous with the Burton Island for the expedition.
Mount Kjerringa
Mount Kjerringa is an isolated peak, 1,220 metres (4,000 ft) above sea level, situated roughly 8 nmi (15 km) north of the Aker Peaks, 26 nmi (48 km) west of Magnet Bay, and 57 km (31 nmi) northeast of Mount Elkins in Enderby Land, East Antarctica.

Magnet Bay
Magnet Bay is a shallow coastal indentation, 13 kilometres (7 nmi) wide and receding only 3.7 kilometres (2 nmi), located 17 kilometres (9 nmi) west of Cape Davis at the northwest side of Edward VIII Plateau in Antarctica.

The British Australian New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition, 1929–31, under Mawson, originally charted Magnet Bay as a larger bay extending from Cape Davis to Cape Borley, naming it after the vessel Magnet, in which Peter Kemp first sighted land in this vicinity in 1833. Later exploration, particularly that of the Lars Christensen Expedition, 1936–37, has shown the bay to be less extensive.
Petersen matrix
The Petersen matrix is a comprehensive description of systems of biochemical reactions used to model reactors for pollution control (engineered decomposition) as well as in environmental systems. It has as many columns as the number of relevant involved components (chemicals, pollutants, biomasses, gases) and as many rows as the number of involved processes (biochemical reactions and physical degradation). One further column is added to host the description of the kinetics of each transformation (rate equation).

Biomass
Biomass is material produced by the growth of microorganisms, plants or animals. Beyond this general definition, there are differences in how the term is used and applied depending on industry or subject-matter norms. For example, it may be more narrowly defined as just plant matter, or as a combination of plant and animal matter.
Central District (Sheshtamad County)
The Central District of Sheshtamad County (Persian: بخش مرکزی شهرستان ششتمد) is in Razavi Khorasan province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Sheshtomad, whose population at the time of the 2016 National Census was 3,108 in 920 households.

Sheshtamad County
Sheshtamad County (Persian: شهرستان ششتمد) is located in Razavi Khorasan province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Sheshtomad, whose population at the time of the 2016 National Census was 3,108 in 920 households.
Lotus Eaters (band)
Lotus Eaters is an experimental electroacoustic group which features Aaron Turner (Hydra Head Records, Isis, Old Man Gloom, House of Low Culture), Stephen O'Malley (Sunn O))), Khanate, Burning Witch), and James Plotkin (Atomsmasher, O.L.D.).

Their first release was a very limited edition LP/CD-R called Alienist on a Pale Horse, released by Double H Noise Industries. They later released a CD called Mind Control for Infants on Neurot Recordings, an untitled 7" on Drone Records from Germany, and a very limited self-released CD-R called 4 Demonstrations. Their latest album is a CD released in mid-2007 on Troubleman Unlimited named Wurmwulv.  "Mind Control for Infants" was expanded, remixed and reissued on 2xLP in November 2009 via TAIGA records of Minneapolis.

Neurot Recordings
Neurot Recordings is an American independent record label founded by members of avant-garde metal band Neurosis in 1999. Gradually expanding, it has showcased a variety of artists including a number of sludge metal, post-rock, and noise bands.
Canton of Salon-de-Provence-1
The canton of Salon-de-Provence-1 is an administrative division of the Bouches-du-Rhône department, in southeastern France. It was created at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Salon-de-Provence.

It consists of the following communes:

Bouches-du-Rhône
Bouches-du-Rhône (/ˌbuːʃ djuː ˈroʊn/ BOOSH dew ROHN; French: les Bouches-du-Rhône [le buʃ dy ʁon] ⓘ, locally [le ˈbuʃə dy ˈʁɔnə]; Occitan: lei Bocas de Ròse [lej ˈbukɔz de ˈʀɔze]; "the Mouths of the Rhône") is a department in southern France. It borders Vaucluse to the north, Gard to the west and Var to the east. The Mediterranean Sea lies to the south. Its prefecture and largest city is Marseille; other important cities include Aix-en-Provence, Arles, Martigues and Aubagne.

Marseille, France's second-largest city, has one of the largest container ports in the country. It prides itself on being France's oldest city, founded by Greek settlers from Phocaea around 600 BC. Bouches-du-Rhône is the most populous department of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region, with 2,043,110 inhabitants as of 2019. It has an area of 5,087 km2 (1,964 sq mi). Its INSEE and postal code is 13.
Rocco Lo Presti
Rocco Lo Presti (born Rocco Lopresti May 6, 1937 – January 23, 2009), known in Marina di Gioiosa Ionica, his town of origin as "Roccu u Maneja", was an Italian crime boss of the 'Ndrangheta, a Mafia-type organization in Calabria, Italy, but his criminal base was Bardonecchia, in Piedmont region.

Stilo
Stilo (Calabrian: Stilu; Greek: Στύλος, romanized: Stylos, lit. 'column') is a town and comune in the province of Reggio Calabria, in the Calabria region of southern Italy. It is 151 kilometres (94 mi) from Reggio.

It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

The economy of the commune is mainly based on agriculture, with production of cereals, oil, wine and cheese. There are mines of iron and lead.

At 10 kilometres (6 mi) from the city is the promontory of Cape Stilo, near where in July 1940 the Battle of Punta Stilo was fought by the Italian and British navies.
High Sheriff of Londonderry City
The High Sheriff of Londonderry City, or High Sheriff of Derry, is the sovereign's judicial representative in the city of Derry. High Sheriff of Londonderry is a title and position which was created in 1900 under the Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898, with Sir John Barre Johnson the first holder. Prior to this, the Sheriff of the City and County of Londonderry represented the city as being part of County Londonderry. Like other high sheriff positions, it is largely a ceremonial post today. The appointment is officially made by the Secretary of State for Northern Ireland on behalf of the King. The outgoing high sheriff nominates his or her successor.

Secretary of State for Northern Ireland
The secretary of state for Northern Ireland (Irish: Rúnaí Stáit Thuaisceart Éireann; Scots: Secretar o State for Norlin Airlan), also referred to as Northern Ireland secretary or SoSNI, is a secretary of state in the Government of the United Kingdom, with overall responsibility for the Northern Ireland Office. The officeholder is a member of the Cabinet of the United Kingdom. The incumbent secretary of state for Northern Ireland is Hilary Benn.

The officeholder works alongside the other Northern Ireland Office ministers. The corresponding shadow minister is the shadow secretary of state for Northern Ireland.
Bob Berry (reading clerk)
Robert Ellis Berry (May 2, 1930 – October 8, 2022) was an American government official, army officer and lawyer who served as Reading Clerk of the United States House of Representatives from 1978 to 1987. He had previously served as a staffer for Senator Karl Mundt from 1958 to 1965 and as a Counsel for the Senate Government Operations Committee.

Reading Clerk of the United States House of Representatives
The reading clerk of the United States House of Representatives reads bills, motions, and other papers before the House and keeps track of changes to legislation made on the floor.  During the vote for Speaker at the beginning of each Congress, or when the electronic voting system fails, the clerk calls the roll of members for a recorded vote.

Traditionally, the reading clerks are appointed by the leaders of the majority and minority parties. For instance, Paul Hays was appointed by the then-Minority Leader Robert H. Michel, for the Republican party.

Reading clerks work for the Office of Legislative Operations, one of nine offices that fall under the jurisdiction of the clerk of the United States House of Representatives.
Memphis Zoo
The Memphis Zoo is a zoo in Midtown, Memphis, Tennessee, United States. It is home to more than 3,500 animals representing over 500 different species. Created in April 1906, the zoo has been a major tenant of Overton Park for more than 100 years. The land currently designated to the Memphis Zoo was defined by the Overton Park master plan in 1888, it is owned by the City of Memphis. The zoo is set on 76 acres (31 ha), of which approximately 55 acres (22 ha) are developed.

In 2008, the Memphis Zoo was ranked "#1 Zoo in the U.S." by TripAdvisor. The ranking was based on visitor opinions.

Since the early 1990s, the Memphis Zoo has invested over $77 million for renovation and expansion. The zoo's animal inhabitants reside in three zones with 19 exhibits, such as Teton Trek, Northwest Passage and China.

The Memphis Zoo is an accredited member of the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA).

Tripadvisor
Tripadvisor is an American company that operates online travel agencies, comparison shopping websites, and mobile apps with user-generated content.

Its namesake brand, Tripadvisor.com, operates in 40 countries and 20 languages, and features approximately 1 billion reviews and opinions on roughly 8 million establishments. The company's other brands include Bokun.io, Cruise Critic, FlipKey, TheFork, Holiday Lettings, Housetrip, Jetsetter, Singleplatform, Niumba, SeatGuru, and Viator. The company is headquartered in Needham, Massachusetts.

In 2023, Tripadvisor earned 25 percent of its revenues from Expedia Group and Booking Holdings and their subsidiaries, primarily for pay-per-click advertising.

Matt Goldberg is Tripadvisor's CEO and president.