hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Krystian Pilarczyk
Krystian Walenty Pilarczyk (born 14 February 1941) is a hydraulic engineer whose contributions to civil and hydraulic engineering include the development and improvement of the Izbash formula, along with the Pilarczyk formula for the stability of block revetments. He is the author and editor of a number of academic papers and textbooks on coastal, river, and hydraulic engineering subjects.

Between 1971 and 1978, Pilarczyk was involved in the design of the Delta Works, where he was coordinator of applied research, undertaking work on the closure of tidal basins and on the static and dynamic stability of armourstone and riprap used in coastal and river engineering applications. He has acted as an advisor on coastal engineering projects to the World Bank and Asian Development Bank, as well as lecturing at the IHE Delft Institute for Water Education and Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute.

Revetment
A revetment in stream restoration, river engineering or coastal engineering is a facing of impact-resistant material (such as stone, concrete, sandbags, or wooden piles) applied to a bank or wall in order to absorb the energy of incoming water and protect it from erosion.  River or coastal revetments are usually built to preserve the existing uses of the shoreline and to protect the slope.

In architecture generally, it means a retaining wall. In military engineering it is a structure formed to secure an area from artillery, bombing, or stored explosives.
2021 Miami Open – Women's doubles
Shuko Aoyama and Ena Shibahara defeated Hayley Carter and Luisa Stefani in the final, 6–2, 7–5, to win the women's doubles tennis title at the 2021 Miami Open. Aoyama and Shibahara's first WTA 1000 victory earned them their third title of the year and made them the first Japanese champions in Miami since Ai Sugiyama in 2008.

Elise Mertens and Aryna Sabalenka were the defending champions from when the tournament was last held in 2019, but the pair lost in the first round to Simona Halep and Angelique Kerber.

Sabalenka, Tímea Babos and Hsieh Su-wei were in contention for the WTA doubles No. 1 ranking at the beginning at the tournament. Hsieh usurped Sabalenka for the top ranking after Sabalenka and Babos lost in the first and second round, respectively.

Luisa Stefani
Luisa Veras Stefani (born 9 August 1997) is a professional tennis player from Brazil who specializes in doubles. Stefani is the first Brazilian woman to reach the WTA top 10 in the Open era. This milestone for Brazilian tennis was hit on 1 November 2021, when she reached a career-high ranking of world No. 9 in doubles. On 20 May 2019, she reached a singles ranking of No. 431. She had an ITF combined junior ranking of No. 10, on March 2015.

Stefani won the mixed-doubles competition at the 2023 Australian Open with Rafael Matos, becoming the first all Brazilian pair to win a major title. With that, Stefani also became the second Brazilian woman to win any major title—after Maria Bueno—and the first Brazilian woman ever to win a mixed doubles title at the Australian Open. She is also one of two Brazilians to win an Olympic medal for tennis, partnering Laura Pigossi at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics to win bronze in women's doubles.
Tömük Creek
Tömük Creek (also called Karakız) is an irregular-flow creek in Turkey.

It is in Erdemli ilçe (district) of Mersin Province.  The upper reaches are in Toros Mountains at 1,500 metres (4,900 ft) altitude. However, after the construction of Karakız Lake now it is fed by the lake  Its main course is toward south east. After flowing through Karahıdırlı and Tömük it flows to Mediterranean Sea at 36°38′34″N 34°22′38″E﻿ / ﻿36.64278°N 34.37722°E﻿ / 36.64278; 34.37722. The creek supplies the water to the agricultural area around Tömük

Mersin Province
Mersin Province (Turkish: Mersin ili), formerly İçel Province (İçel ili), is a province and metropolitan municipality in southern Turkey, on the Mediterranean coast between Antalya and Adana. Its area is 16,010 km2, and its population is 1,916,432 (2022). The provincial capital and the biggest city in the province is Mersin, which is composed of four municipalities and district governorates: Akdeniz, Mezitli, Toroslar and Yenişehir. Next largest is Tarsus, the birthplace of Paul the Apostle. The province is considered to be a part of the geographical, economical and cultural region of Çukurova, which covers the provinces of Mersin, Adana, Osmaniye and Hatay.
Code page 936 (Microsoft Windows)
Windows code page 936 (abbreviated MS936, Windows-936 or (ambiguously) CP936), is Microsoft's legacy (pre-Unicode) character encoding for representing simplified Chinese text on computers. It is one of the four Windows DBCSs for East Asian languages, accompanying code pages 932 (Japanese), 949 (Korean) and 950 (Traditional Chinese). It is a variant of the Mainland Chinese Guójiā Biāozhǔn Kuòzhǎn (GBK) encoding, and roughly corresponds to IBM code page 1386 (CP1386 or IBM-1386).

Chinese character information technology
Chinese character information technology, shortly Chinese character IT, is the information technology for computer processing of Chinese characters.
While the English writing system uses a few dozen different characters, Chinese language needs a much larger character set. There are over ten thousand characters in the Xinhua Dictionary. In the Unicode multilingual character set of 149,813 characters, 98,682 (about two-thirds) are Chinese. That means computer processing of Chinese characters is the toughest among other languages.

Chinese faces special issues compared to other languages, including the technology of computer input, internal encoding and output of Chinese characters.
Cristina Teniente
Cristina Elena Teniente Sánchez (born 9 May 1967) is a Spanish politician serving as a member of the Congress of Deputies since 2023. From 2003 to 2023, she was a member of the Assembly of Extremadura.

Assembly of Extremadura
The Assembly of Extremadura (Spanish: Asamblea de Extremadura; also called Parlamento de Extremadura) is the elected unicameral legislature of the Autonomous Community of Extremadura.

The electoral period is four years.

The Assembly of Extremadura is seated at the old Hospital of San Juan de Dios, in Mérida, the capital of the autonomous community. The session room features a 5th-century mosaic found in 1978 near the Roman Theatre.
Man of the Year (album)
Man of the Year is the debut studio album by Nigerian recording artist Skales. It was released on 18 May 2015, through Baseline Music. The album features a blend of Afropop, hip hop, and R&B, with guest appearances from Davido, Olamide, Ice Prince, Burna Boy, Phyno, Reekado Banks, Victoria Kimani, Rotimi, Attitude, Kenny Wonder, and Capital FEMI. Man of the Year was supported by six singles—"Shake Body", "I Am for Real", "Je Kan Mo", "Always", "Ijo Ayo", and "Lo Le".

Phyno
Chibuzo Nelson Azubuike (listenⓘ; born 9 October 1986), known professionally as Phyno, is a Nigerian rapper, singer, songwriter, and record producer. Despite being a native of Anambra State, he was born and raised in Enugu State. Phyno started his music career as a producer in 2003 and primarily raps in Igbo. His debut studio album, No Guts No Glory, was released in March 2014. It yielded the singles "Ghost Mode", "Man of the Year", "Parcel", and "O Set". Phyno's other albums include The Playmaker (2016), Deal With It (2019), Something to Live For (2021), and Full Time Job (2024).
Jazz Age
The Jazz Age was a period from 1920 to the early 1930s in which jazz music and dance styles gained worldwide popularity. The Jazz Age's cultural repercussions were primarily felt in the United States, the birthplace of jazz. Originating in New Orleans as mainly sourced from the culture of African Americans, jazz played a significant part in wider cultural changes in this period, and its influence on popular culture continued long afterwards.

The Jazz Age is often referred to in conjunction with the Roaring Twenties, and overlapped in significant cross-cultural ways with the Prohibition era. The movement was largely affected by the introduction of radios nationwide. During this time, the Jazz Age was intertwined with the developing youth culture. The movement would also help in introducing jazz culture to Europe. The Jazz Age ends before the Swing era.

Fletcher Henderson
James Fletcher Hamilton Henderson (December 18, 1897 – December 29, 1952) was an American pianist, bandleader, arranger and composer, important in the development of big band jazz and swing music. He was one of the most prolific black musical arrangers and, along with Duke Ellington, is considered one of the most influential arrangers and bandleaders in jazz history. Henderson's influence was vast. He helped bridge the gap between the Dixieland and the swing eras. He was often known as "Smack" Henderson (because of smacking sounds he made with his lips).
Heterocithara granolirata
Heterocithara granolirata is an extinct species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Mangeliidae. Fossils of the species date to the middle Miocene, and occurs in the strata of the Port Phillip Basin of Victoria, Australia.

Mangeliidae
Mangeliidae  is a monophyletic family of small to medium-sized, predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Conoidea.

Prior to 2011, both the subfamilies Mangeliinae and Oenopotinae had been placed in the family Conidae. In 2011, Bouchet, Kantor et al merged the two subfamilies into one taxon, which they elevated to the rank of family. This was based on anatomical characters and a dataset of molecular sequences of three gene fragments.

Mangeliidae is a sister-clade to the family Raphitomidae

As with their relatives in the family Conidae, species in the family Mangeliidae use potent venoms to catch their prey. Through this characteristic, they are of interest in pharmacological research.
Wymondham Rough
Wymondham Rough is a 6.0 hectares (15 acres) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) east of Stapleford in Leicestershire. The SSSI is part of the 12.5 hectare Wymondham Rough nature reserve, which is managed by the Leicestershire and Rutland Wildlife Trust.

This clay grassland has a rich flora, dominated by common bent, Yorkshire fog, false oat-grass and cock's foot. A poorly drained area has plants such as water avens, and there are drier soils in the west of the site.

There is access from a gate north of the level crossing.

Holcus lanatus
Holcus lanatus is a perennial flowering plant in the grass family Poaceae. The specific epithet lanatus is Latin for 'woolly' which describes the plant's hairy texture. Common names include Yorkshire fog, tufted grass, and meadow soft grass. In North America, where it is an invasive species, names include velvet grass and common velvet grass.

In parts of northern Europe the grass is a common native species and a hardy pasture grass.
3794 Sthenelos
3794 Sthenelos /ˈ(s)θɛnɪlɒs/ is a mid-sized Jupiter trojan from the Greek camp, approximately 40 kilometers (25 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 12 October 1985, by American astronomer Carolyn Shoemaker at the Palomar Observatory in California. The presumed C-type asteroid has a rotation period of 12.9 hours. It was named after the Greek warrior Sthenelus from Greek mythology.

La Silla Observatory
La Silla Observatory is an astronomical observatory in Chile with three telescopes built and operated by the European Southern Observatory (ESO). Several other telescopes are also located at the site and are partly maintained by ESO. The observatory is one of the largest in the Southern Hemisphere and was the first in Chile to be used by ESO.

The La Silla telescopes and instruments are located in the North of the Coquimbo region, 150 km northeast of La Serena, on the outskirts of the Atacama Desert, one of the driest and most remote areas in the world. Like other observatories in this region, La Silla is far from sources of light pollution and, like the Paranal Observatory—home to the Very Large Telescope—it has some of the darkest night skies on Earth.
Ocellularia balangoda
Ocellularia balangoda is a species of corticolous lichen in the family Graphidaceae. Found in Sri Lanka, it was formally described as a new species in 2014 by lichenologists Gothamie Weerakoon, Robert Lücking, and Helge Thorsten Lumbsch. The type specimen was collected from a high-altitude tea estate in Hunnasgiriya (Central Province) at an altitude of 1,240 m (4,070 ft); here it was found growing on tree trunks. The specific epithet refers to the prehistoric hominids known as Balangoda Man, who lived in Sri Lanka about 38,000 to 28,500 years ago. Ocellularia balangoda has a grey thallus up to 5 cm (2 in) in diameter, with a papillose (pimply) to verrucose (warty) textured surface. The ascospores are hyaline, ellipsoid in shape, contain seven septa, and measure 25–30 by 5–7 μm. Secondary chemicals present in the lichen include protocetraric acid and virensic acid.

Graphidaceae
The Graphidaceae are a family of lichen-forming fungi in the order Graphidales. The family contains nearly a hundred genera and more than 2000 species. Although the family has a cosmopolitan distribution, most Graphidaceae species occur in tropical regions, and typically grow on bark. These lichens are characterized by their crust-like growth form and typically partner with orange-pigmented Trentepohlia algae. Many species produce distinctive elongated, slit-like fruiting bodies, and some have unusually large ascospores that can begin germinating almost immediately upon release. The family originated approximately 176 million years ago and has diversified steadily since, with major bursts of new species arising alongside the spread of flowering plants and tropical rainforests.
Rancho Encinal y Buena Esperanza
Rancho Encinal y Buena Esperanza was a 13,392-acre (54.20 km2) Mexican land grant in the Salinas Valley, in present-day Monterey County, California.

Two square leagues (Encinal) was given in 1834 by Governor José Figueroa to David Spence, and a one square league addition (Buena Esperanza) given in 1839 by Governor Juan B. Alvarado to Spence.

The three square league grant extended along the north bank of the Salinas River, and encompassed present-day Spence.

Juan Bautista Alvarado
Juan Bautista Valentín Alvarado y Vallejo (February 14, 1809 – July 13, 1882) usually known as Juan Bautista Alvarado, was a Californio politician who served as governor of Alta California from 1837 to 1842. Prior to his term as governor, Alvarado briefly led a movement for independence of Alta California from 1836 to 1837, in which he successfully deposed interim governor Nicolás Gutiérrez, declared independence, and created a new flag and constitution, before negotiating an agreement with the Mexican government resulting in his recognition as governor and the end of the independence movement.
Northwestern Syria offensive (April–June 2015)
The northwestern Syria offensive (April–June 2015), dubbed by the rebels as the Battle of Victory, took place in the Idlib and Hama governorates during the Syrian Civil War.

The campaign consisted of a three-pronged attack, with the two main assaults spearheaded by Ahrar ash-Sham, Al-Nusra Front and other Islamist factions under the banner of the Army of Conquest, and the remaining attack force including collaboration with Free Syrian Army brigades. The commander of the FSA 13th Division stated that coordinating with other groups such as al-Nusra Front did not mean they were aligned with them. Within days, the rebels captured the city of Jisr al-Shughur and later on an Army base. The success of the campaign was attributed to better coordination between the Syrian opposition's backers. Still, the operation resulted in a high attrition rate for both sides.

Hama Governorate
Hama Governorate (Arabic: مُحافظة حماة Muḥāfaẓat Ḥamā) is one of the fourteen governorates of Syria. It is situated in western-central Syria, bordering Idlib and Aleppo Governorates to the north, Raqqa Governorate to the east, Homs Governorate to the south, and Tartus and Latakia Governorate to the west. It is the only Governorate (excluding Damascus) that does not border a foreign country. Measures of its area vary from 8,844 km2 to 8,883 km2, with its capital being the city of Hama, also notably being the only Governorate with no land borders with any foreign countries.
Andrew L. Sevier
Andrew Leonard Sevier Sr. (November 9, 1894 – March 26, 1962), was an American attorney from Tallulah, Louisiana, who served for thirty years from 1932 until his death as a Democratic member of the Louisiana State Senate. He represented the 32nd District, which then included Madison, East Carroll, Tensas, and Concordia parishes.

A descendant of John Sevier -- a fighter in the American Revolution, former governor of Tennessee, and the namesake of Sevierville and Sevier County near Knoxville -- he was a World War I veteran. A founder member of a Tallulah law firm, Spencer Sevier & Adams, at the time of his death, he was serving as president of the Federal Land Bank, of which he had been a member since 1933.

Tallulah, Louisiana
Tallulah (/təˈluːlə/ tə-LOO-lə) is a city in, and the parish seat of, Madison Parish in northeastern Louisiana, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 6,286, down from 7,335 in 2010.

As this was historically a center of agriculture since the antebellum years, producing cotton and pecans, Tallulah and the parish have long had majority-African American populations. The small city is now nearly 77 percent African American; the surrounding parish is 60 percent black. Mechanization and industrial agriculture have reduced the number of jobs, and many residents have moved since the mid-20th century to larger cities with more opportunities.

Tallulah is the principal city of the Tallulah Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Madison Parish. The Madison Parish Sheriff's office operates the Steve Hoyle Rehabilitation Center in Tallulah.
Love Island (2015 TV series) series 1
The first series of Love Island began on 7 June 2015 with a live special of the show hosted by Caroline Flack on ITV2, and ended on 15 July 2015. It is the first from the revived series, but third overall. The series was narrated by Iain Stirling. The series aired every night of the week except Friday, however the Saturday episode was used as a weekly catch-up entitled Love Island: The Weekly Hot List rather than a nightly highlights episode. The average viewers for this series was 570,000.

On 15 July 2015, the series was won by Jess Hayes and Max Morley, with Hannah Elizabeth and Jon Clark as runners-up.

Clark later went onto appear as a cast member in The Only Way Is Essex, whilst both Morley and Josh Ritchie made appearances in Ex on the Beach. After finishing in fourth place, Cally Beech and Luis Morrison became the first couple to have a baby, with their first child in May 2017.

The Only Way Is Essex
The Only Way Is Essex (often abbreviated as TOWIE /ˈtaʊi/) is a British reality television series based in Brentwood, Essex, England. It shows "real people in modified situations, saying unscripted lines but in a structured way." Broadcast on ITV2 from 2010, the series was moved to ITVBe in October 2014 and moved back to ITV2 in 2025. The first series consisted of 10 episodes and ran for 30 minutes, with a Christmas special following later in the year. Due to popularity, the runtime was extended to 45-minute episodes and renewed for a year's airing. On 22 May 2011, the series won the Audience Award at the 2011 BAFTA Awards.

On 13 March 2016, ITVBe aired a one-off documentary hosted by former cast member Mark Wright, discussing the history of the series. On 28 February 2017, with the announcement of the cast for the show's twentieth series, it was confirmed that instead of the usual three series per year, ITVBe would only be airing two series, but with more episodes.
Tarvisio–Udine railway
Tarvisio–Udine railway is an Italian railway line that connects Udine and Tarvisio. It is also called the ferrovia Pontebbana in Italian after the town of Pontebba, which was located near the former border between Italy and Austria-Hungary during the first thirty years of its operation.

Venzone
Venzone (Friulian: Vençon; Slovene: Pušja vas; German: Peuscheldorf) is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Udine in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").
2003 World Senior Curling Championships
The 2003 World Senior Curling Championships were held from April 2 to 6 at the Heather Curling Club and St. Vital Curling Club in Winnipeg, Canada.

The tournament was held partly in conjunction with 2003 World Men's Curling Championship and 2003 World Women's Curling Championship.

St. Vital Curling Club
The St. Vital Curling Club, located in Winnipeg, Manitoba, is a  curling club in Western Canada and was founded in 1933.  It started curling events in December 1933 in a building that was owned by the St. Vital Agricultural Society which it purchased in 1950.  It was then moved to its current location in 1954 on Regal Avenue in Winnipeg.
Morrell Canyon Creek
Morrell Canyon Creek is a stream or Arroyo, tributary to San Juan Creek, located in the Cleveland National Forest in Riverside County, California, at an elevation of 3,080 ft (939 m), in the Elsinore Mountains northeast of Elsinore Peak.  It arises on the eastern slope of San Mateo Peak.  An eastern fork draining the Morrell Potrero joins it a little over a mile north of its source and then flows northwestward about a third of a mile where it turns southeast descending the narrow Morrell Canyon east of Lion Spring.  After descending 2.5 miles it turns north for half a mile then returns to a southwestern direction for another mile, the canyon widening here until it turns northwestward and down a steep canyon again for half a mile where it takes in from the right Decker Canyon Creek and Long Canyon Creek.  It then turns southwestward again into a wider canyon and descends to its confluence with Bear Canyon Creek and becomes the head of San Juan Creek.

Arroyo (watercourse)
An arroyo (/ə.ˈrɔɪ.oʊ/, from the Spanish arroyo (Spanish: [aˈroʝo], "brook") or wash is a dry watercourse that temporarily or seasonally fills and flows after sufficient rain. Flash floods are common in arroyos following thunderstorms. It is akin to the Catalan rambla, which stems from the Arabic rámla, "dry river".

Similar landforms are referred to as wadi (in North Africa and Western Asia), chapp in the Gobi, laagate in the Kalahari, donga in South Africa, nullah in India, fiumare in Italy, and dry valley in England.

The desert dry wash biome is restricted to the arroyos of the southwestern United States. Arroyos provide a water source to desert animals.