hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jeffrey Ashby
Jeffrey Shears Ashby (born June 16, 1954) is an American mechanical engineer, and former naval officer and aviator, test pilot and NASA astronaut, a veteran of three Space Shuttle missions. He is a retired Captain in the U.S. Navy. He currently works for Blue Origin as chief of mission assurance.

United States Navy Strike Fighter Tactics Instructor program
The United States Navy Strike Fighter Tactics Instructor program (SFTI program), more popularly known as Top Gun (stylized as TOPGUN), is a United States Navy training program that teaches air combat maneuvering tactics and techniques to selected naval aviators and naval flight officers, who return to their operating units as surrogate instructors.

The program began as the United States Navy Fighter Weapons School, established on 3 March 1969, at the former Naval Air Station Miramar in San Diego, California. In 1996, the school was merged into the Naval Strike and Air Warfare Center at Naval Air Station Fallon, Nevada.
Angola national under-23 football team
Angola Olympic football team represents Angola in international football competitions in Olympic Games. The selection is limited to players under the age of 23, except during the Olympic Games where the use of three overage players is allowed. The team is controlled by the Angolan Football Federation.

Angolan Football Federation
The Angolan Football Federation (Portuguese: Federação Angolana de Futebol; abbreviated as FAF) is the governing body of football in Angola. It was founded in 1979, and affiliated to FIFA and to CAF in 1980. It organizes the national football league Girabola and the national team.

Angola's first appearance in the FIFA World Cup was in 2006; playing in Group D, losing only 1–0 to Portugal in their first match. Later that year, they successfully bid for the right to host the 2010 African Cup of Nations.
Criticism of Linux
The criticism of Linux focuses on issues concerning use of operating systems which use the Linux kernel.

While the Linux-based Android operating system dominates the smartphone market in many countries and accounts for more than 72% of mobile device usage globally (as of 2024-2025), and while Linux is used on the New York Stock Exchange, on most supercomputers, is used to host 96.3 percent of the top 1 million web servers, and even is used on more virtual machines on Microsoft's own Azure cloud service than Microsoft Windows, it is used in few desktop and laptop computers. Much of the criticism of Linux is related to the lack of desktop and laptop adoption, although as of 2015 there has been some controversy with the project's perspective on security and the adoption of systemd by leading Linux distributions

Linus Torvalds
Linus Benedict Torvalds (born 28 December 1969) is a Finnish and American software engineer who is the creator and lead developer of the Linux kernel since 1991. He also created the distributed version control system Git.

Torvalds was one of the recipients of the 2012 Millennium Technology Prize "in recognition of his creation of a new open source operating system for computers leading to the widely used Linux kernel". He is also the recipient of the 2014 IEEE Computer Society Computer Pioneer Award and the 2018 IEEE Masaru Ibuka Consumer Electronics Award.
Spit (landform)
A spit or sandspit is a deposition bar or beach landform off coasts or lake shores. It develops in places where re-entrance occurs, such as at a cove's headlands, by the process of longshore drift by longshore currents. The drift occurs because waves meet the beach at an oblique angle, moving sediment down the beach in a zigzag pattern. This is complemented by longshore currents, which further transport sediment through the water alongside the beach. These currents are caused by the same waves that cause the drift.

Deposition (geology)
Deposition is the geological process in which sediments, soil and rocks are added to a landform or landmass. Wind, ice, water, and gravity transport previously weathered surface material, which, at the loss of enough kinetic energy in the fluid, is deposited, building up layers of sediment.

This occurs when the forces responsible for sediment transportation are no longer sufficient to overcome the forces of gravity and friction, creating a resistance to motion; this is known as the null point hypothesis. Deposition can also refer to the buildup of sediment from organically derived matter or chemical processes. For example, chalk is made up partly of the microscopic calcium carbonate skeletons of marine plankton, the deposition of which induced chemical processes (diagenesis) to deposit further calcium carbonate. Similarly, the formation of coal begins with the deposition of organic material, mainly from plants, in anaerobic conditions.
Dhamanohol
Dhamanohol is a village in Mulshi taluka of Pune District in the state of Maharashtra, India.Talukas surrounding the village are Karjat taluka, Talegaon Dabhade Taluka, Mawal taluka and by Khalapur taluka. Districts closest to the village are Raigad district, Thane district, Mumbai City district and Mumbai Suburban district.  Nearest railway stations around the village are  Vadgaon railway station, Begdewadi railway station, Lonavala railway station, Talegaon railway station and Kamshet railway station

Begdewadi railway station
Begdewadi railway station is a railway station on Pune Suburban Railway line. The station is near National Highway 48 (India) on Shelarwadi.

All local trains between Pune Junction–Lonavala, Pune Junction–Talegaon, Shivaji Nagar–Lonavala, Shivaji Nagar–Talegaon stops here.

Areas of Maval taluka near this station are Shelarwadi, Ghorawadi Caves, Somatne, Shirgaon.
The Prince and the Dancer
The Prince and the Dancer (German:Der Prinz und die Tänzerin) is a 1926 German silent film directed by Richard Eichberg and starring Willy Fritsch, Lucy Doraine and Hans Albers. The film was shot at the Johannisthal Studios with sets designed by the art director Kurt Richter. It premiered at the Gloria-Palast in Berlin.

Gloria-Palast
52°30′16″N 13°20′00″E﻿ / ﻿52.504572°N 13.333282°E﻿ / 52.504572; 13.333282The Gloria-Palast was a German cinema located on the Kurfürstendamm in the German capital Berlin. It was constructed in 1924 and replaced the existing neo-Baroque Romanischen Hauses designed by Franz Heinrich Schwechten. It became a common location for Berlin premieres of new films. In 1930 the hit The Blue Angel first screened at the Palast. In 1943 the cinema was gutted by a fire caused by an Allied bombing raid during the Second World War. After the war, the cinema was refurbished and reopened in what was now West Berlin during the Cold War. Other prestige cinemas located in the area included the Marmorhaus. In 2017 the redevelopment of the cinema was approved and it was demolished the following year.
Ptilotus aervoides
Ptilotus aervoides, commonly known as mat mulla mulla, is a species of flowering plant in the family Amaranthaceae and is endemic to western Australia. It is a prostrate, mat-forming annual or short-lived perennial herb, its stems densely hairy at first, egg-shaped to spatula-shaped stem leaves, dense spikes of hairy creamy-green flowers with two or three fertile stamens.

Amaranthaceae
Amaranthaceae (/ˌæmərænˈθeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/ AM-ər-an-THAY-see-ee, -⁠eye) is a family of flowering plants commonly known as the amaranth family, in reference to its type genus Amaranthus. It includes the former goosefoot family Chenopodiaceae and contains about 165 genera and 2,040 species, making it the most species-rich lineage within its parent order, Caryophyllales.
Geranium solanderi
Geranium solanderi (common names  - native geranium, Australian cranesbill, Austral cranesbill, Cut-leaf cranesbill, native carrot, and hairy geranium) is a species of plant in the family Geraniaceae. It is native to Australia (New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria, South Australia, Western Australia, and Tasmania), and to New Zealand.

It was first described in 1800 by Daniel Solander as Geranium pilosum, from a specimen found in New Zealand. However, the name was illegal (having already been used in 1787 by Antonio José Cavanilles) and it was renamed in 1965 by Roger Charles Carolin, with the species epithet, solanderi, honouring Solander.

Antonio José Cavanilles
Antonio José Cavanilles (16 January 1745 – 5 May 1804) was a leading Spanish taxonomic botanist, artist and one of the most important figures in the 18th century period of Enlightenment in Spain.

Cavanilles is most famous for his 2-volume book on Spanish flora, published in 1795 and titled ‘Observations on the Natural History, Geography and Agriculture of the Kingdom of Valencia’.He named many plants, particularly from Oceania. He named at least 100 genera, about 54 of which were still used in 2004, including Dahlia, Calycera, Cobaea, Galphimia, and Oleandra. The standard author abbreviation Cav. is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.
Jerzy Duda-Gracz
Jerzy Duda-Gracz (March 20, 1941 in Częstochowa – November 5, 2004 in Łagów) was a Polish painter.

He graduated from the Academy of Fine Arts in Kraków in 1968. His work was exhibited in over 187 national and international exhibitions and can be seen at the Polish National Museum in Warsaw, in the museum of the Jagellonian University in Kraków, in the Collegium Maius, the Museum of Earth at the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw, the Uffizi Gallery in Florence, the Pushkin Museum in Moscow, the Municipal Museum in Ghent, the BAWAG Foundation in Vienna, the Vatican Collection and in galleries and collections in many other countries such as the Louvre in France.

BAWAG
BAWAG (Abbreviation of German: Bank für Arbeit und Wirtschaft, pronounced [baŋk fyːɐ̯ ˈʔaʁbaɪt ʊnt ˈvɪʁtʃaft], lit. 'Bank for Labor and Economy') was a bank in Austria founded in 1922. On October 1, 2005, it merged with the separate Österreichische Postsparkasse (P.S.K.) to form the "Bank für Arbeit und Wirtschaft und Österreichische Postsparkasse AG", shortened as BAWAG P.S.K. In October 2017, BAWAG Group AG, the holding company of BAWAG P.S.K., became a listed company on the Vienna Stock Exchange. Largest shareholders are GoldenTree Asset Management (21.8%) and T. Rowe Price (5.6%).

BAWAG has been designated as a Significant Institution since the entry into force of European Banking Supervision in late 2014, and as a consequence is directly supervised by the European Central Bank.
Watch Me (Scandal)
"Watch Me" is the first episode of the seventh season of the American political thriller television series Scandal, and the 107th episode overall. Written by series creator and showrunner Shonda Rhimes and directed by Jann Turner, it premiered on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) on October 5, 2017. This episode was watched by 5.52 million viewers.

George Newbern
George Newbern (born December 30, 1964) is an American actor, best known for his roles as Charlie in the ABC show Scandal (2012–2018) and Bryan MacKenzie in Father of the Bride (1991) and its sequels Father of the Bride Part II (1995) and Father of the Bride Part 3 (ish) (2020). He guest starred as Danny (The Yeti) in Friends and had a recurring role as Julia's son Payne in Designing Women.

Newbern is also known for his long-running role as the voice of Superman in various DC media starting with the animated series Justice League, as well as the voice of Sephiroth in the Final Fantasy series and the Kingdom Hearts series.
Prosotas
Prosotas is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae erected by Hamilton Herbert Druce in 1891. The species of this genus are found on New Guinea in the Australasian realm and the Indomalayan realm. An overview is provided by Hsu and Yen.

Hamilton Herbert Druce
Hamilton Herbert Charles James Druce (26 October 1866 – 21 June 1922) was an English entomologist who specialised in Lycaenidae and to a lesser extent Hesperiidae. He is not to be confused with his father, the English entomologist Herbert Druce (1846–1913) who also worked on Lepidoptera.

H. H. Druce was a Fellow of the Zoological Society of London and of the Entomological Society of London.

The H. H. Druce collection was sold to James John Joicey and is now in the Natural History Museum in London.
Cremonini
Cremonini, an Italian surname, can refer to:

Cesare Cremonini (musician) (born 1980), Italian singer

Cesare Cremonini (philosopher) (1550–1631), Italian professor of natural philosophy

Giovanni Battista Cremonini (1550–1610), Italian painter

Giuseppe Cremonini (1866–1903), Italian operatic tenor

Leonardo Cremonini (1925–2010), Italian visual artist

Luigi Cremonini (born 1939), Italian billionaire businessman

Giuseppe Cremonini
Giuseppe Cremonini (25 November 1866 – 9 May 1903) was an Italian operatic tenor who had a prominent opera career in Europe and the United States during the last decade of the nineteenth century.

Cremonini was born and died in Cremona, Italy.  Admired for his full lyric voice, he sang a wide repertoire that encompassed the bel canto works of Donizetti and Rossini, the Italian grand opera of Verdi, the verisimo operas of Mascagni, the French operas of Gounod and Massenet, and the German operas of Richard Wagner. He sang in several world premieres during his career, including creating the role of Chevalier des Grieux in the original 1893 production of Puccini's Manon Lescaut. An immensely popular singer, Cremonini's career abruptly ended upon his sudden death in 1903 at the age of 36.
Mathieu Kociak
Mathieu Kociak is a French researcher of nano-optics at the French UMR Laboratoire de Physique des Solides.

He obtained his Ph.D. from the Université Paris-Sud in 2001 in carbon nanotubes, plasmons and superconductivity, under the supervision of Christian Colliex. He later did a post-doc at Meijo University.

He is the author of numerous peer-reviewed articles which have appeared in such journals as Nano Letters and Physical Review Letters among others.

Plasmon
In physics, a plasmon is a quantum of plasma oscillation. Just as light (an optical oscillation) consists of photons, the plasma oscillation consists of plasmons. The plasmon can be considered as a quasiparticle since it arises from the quantization of plasma oscillations, just like phonons are quantizations of mechanical vibrations. Thus, plasmons are collective (a discrete number) oscillations of the free electron gas density. For example, at optical frequencies, plasmons can couple with a photon to create another quasiparticle called a plasmon polariton.

The field of study and manipulation of plasmons is called plasmonics.
NS-11394
NS-11394 is a drug which acts as a subtype-selective positive allosteric modulator at GABAA receptors, with selectivity for the α3 and α5 subtypes. It has been researched as an analgesic for use in chronic or neuropathic pain.

Neuropathic pain
Neuropathic pain is pain caused by a lesion or disease of the somatosensory nervous system. Neuropathic pain may be associated with abnormal sensations called dysesthesia or pain from normally non-painful stimuli (allodynia). It may have continuous and/or episodic (paroxysmal) components. The latter resemble stabbings or electric shocks. Common qualities include burning or coldness, "pins and needles" sensations, numbness and itching.

Up to 7–8% of the European population is affected by neuropathic pain, and in 5% of persons it may be severe. The pain may result from disorders of the peripheral nervous system or the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord). Neuropathic pain may occur in isolation or in combination with other forms of pain. Medical treatments focus on identifying the underlying cause and relieving pain. In cases of peripheral neuropathy, the pain may progress to insensitivity.
Tunga (artist)
Antonio José de Barros Carvalho e Mello Mourão (February 8, 1952 – June 6, 2016), known professionally as Tunga, was a Brazilian sculptor and performance artist. Tunga was born in Palmares, Pernambuco, Brazil.

His erudition and philosophical background were reflected in an increasingly conceptual artistic output, which involves the intersection with research in different knowledge fields and a dialogue with literature, philosophy, psychoanalysis, theatre, exact sciences and biology. His work is powerful, profound and self-referential, denies linear time and relies heavily on materiality, symbologies and processes of transformation and metamorphoses.

Palmares, Pernambuco
Palmares is a city in northeastern Brazil, in the state of Pernambuco, with 63,500 inhabitants, according with IBGE 2020. Its main activity is the combined field of agriculture and livestock (Portuguese: agropecuária). It received its name from the Portuguese people who named it that due to the number of palm trees in the area where run-away slaves had created approximately 16 quilombos, led by Zumbi.
National Front Party (Papua New Guinea)
The National Front Party was a political party in Papua New Guinea.

The party was established in 2002 by Kundiawa-Gembolg MP and former Minister for Defence Peter Waieng. Waeing subsequently resigned his seat due to pending misconduct proceedings against him, but contested and lost the seat at the election. The party won no other seats.

The party endorsed one candidate at the 2007 election, and won no seats. At the time of the 2012 election, the party was led by Philip Kende.

It was deregistered in 2015.

Peter Waieng
Peter G. Waieng (4 April 1966 – 22 August 2013) was a Papua New Guinea politician. Waieng served as a member of the National Parliament of Papua New Guinea, representing the Kundiawa-Gembogl constituency, from 1997 to 2002. Waieng also served as the Minister of Defence within the Prime Minister's cabinet as a member of parliament.
Batau F.C.
Batau FC was a South African football (soccer) club based in Ermelo, Mpumalanga.

They were relegated from the 2010–11 National First Division (NFD). In August 2011, they failed in an attempt to purchase the shares of NFD team United FC. Subsequently, they won the 2011–12 SAFA Second Division Mpumalanga, but failed to make it out of the playoffs.

2011–12 SAFA Second Division
The 2011–12 SAFA Second Division, known as the Vodacom League for sponsorship reasons, was the 2011–12 season of the third tier South African football league, the SAFA Second Division. It was divided into two streams, the Inland Stream and the Coastal Stream.
ArtsEmerson
ArtsEmerson is a non-profit, professional theater and film presenting and producing organization in Boston, Massachusetts. Based on an idea from Emerson College President Jackie Liebergott and founded in 2010 by theatrical producer Robert Orchard, ArtsEmerson is part of the Office for the Arts at Emerson College's Boston campus. The organization presents and produces theatrical performances, films, and public dialogues across several Emerson College venues and in other locations in Greater Boston.

Isango Ensemble
The Isango Ensemble (isango meaning "gate" or "port" or "gateway" in Xhosa and Zulu) is a Cape Town-based theatre company led by director Mark Dornford-May and music directors Pauline Malefane and Mandisi Dyantyis. It was established in 2000, when Dornford-May and conductor Charles Hazlewood travelled to South Africa to form a lyric theatre company for the Spier Festival; most of the company members are drawn from the townships around Cape Town. The company's work focuses on re-imagining classics from the Western theatre canon, finding a new context for the stories within a South African or township setting and developing new productions based on South African issues, stories and novels.
Master of the World (1961 film)
Master of the World is a 1961 colour  science fiction film based on the 1886 Jules Verne novel Robur the Conqueror and its 1904 sequel Master of the World, with a screenplay written by Richard Matheson. The film stars Vincent Price, Charles Bronson and Henry Hull and was directed by William Witney and produced by Samuel Z. Arkoff, Anthony Carras (who also edited) and James H. Nicholson. American International Pictures released the film as a double feature with a gorilla movie titled Konga.

Double feature
The double feature is a motion picture industry practice in which movie theaters would exhibit two films for the price of one, supplanting an earlier format in which the presentation of one feature film would be followed by various short subject reels.
Stanley's white-toothed shrew
Stanley's white-toothed shrew, Crocidura stanleyi, is a species of mammal in the family Soricidae. It is endemic to Ethiopia. The species was named after scientist Bill Stanley, whose fieldwork in 2015 garnered the holotype specimen that was eventually used to formally define the species. The species was found in the Ethiopian highlands.

Bill Stanley (mammalogist)
William T. Stanley (c. 1957 –  October 6, 2015) was an American mammalogist who was a manager of the collections at one of the world's largest natural history museums and a student of the mammals of eastern Africa. He was an evolutionary biologist and mammalogist, and at the time of his death was the director of the Field Museum of Natural History's Collections Center and the Collection Manager of the Field Museum's Collection of Mammals. Stanley studied the biogeography, ecology, evolution, and systematics of shrews, bats and rodents that live on mountains within Tanzania and surrounding countries.
October 19 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
October 18 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - October 20

All fixed commemorations below celebrated on November 1 by Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For October 19th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on October 6.

John of Rila
Saint John of Rila, also known as Ivan Rilski (Bulgarian: Свети преподобни Иван Рилски Чудотворец, romanized: Sveti prepodobni Ivan Rilski Chudotvorets, lit. 'Saint John of Rila the Wondermaker'; c. 876 – 18 August 946), was the first Bulgarian hermit. He was revered as a saint while he was still alive. The legend surrounding him tells of wild animals that freely came up to him and birds that landed in his hands.  His followers founded many churches in his honor, including the famous Rila Monastery. One of these churches, Saint John of Rila was only discovered in 2008 in the town of Veliko Tarnovo. Today, he is honored as the patron saint of the Bulgarians and as one of the most important saints in the Bulgarian Orthodox Church.
Braska House
The Braska House is a historic building located in Marion, Iowa, United States.  This is a vernacular house form that utilizes elements from the Greek Revival and Italianate styles.  Similar houses from the same period are found in Muscatine, Iowa, and the Joseph Smith Mansion House in Nauvoo, Illinois is a more elaborate example.  The Greek Revival elements are found in the symmetrical main facade, the straight forward lines, and the lack of embellishments.  The Italianate is found in the low-pitched hipped roof and the wide eaves.  The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.

Marion, Iowa
Marion is a city in Linn County, Iowa, United States. The population was 26,294 at the 2000 census and was 41,535 in 2020, an increase of 58%. The city is located next to Cedar Rapids and part of the Cedar Rapids Metropolitan Statistical Area. Marion was designated as the first Linn County seat before it was moved to the larger neighbor Cedar Rapids in 1919. Today, Marion is a primarily suburban community with a historic downtown center, and is one of the fastest-growing cities in Iowa.
Zarkos Mountains
The Zarkos (Greek: Ζάρκος) is a small mountain range in central Thessaly in Greece. It is situated on the border of the Larissa and the Trikala regional unit. Its highest point is 734 m. It is 15 km long and 12 km wide and covers and area of 100 to 150 km2. Grasslands are in the lower elevations and forests in the higher elevations. It is drained by the river Titarisios to the north and the Pineios to the south.

Larissa (regional unit)
Larissa (Greek: Περιφερειακή ενότητα Λάρισας) is one of the regional units of Greece, located in the region of Thessaly. Its capital is the city of Larissa, after which it is named. According to the 2021 census, it has a total population of 268,963.