hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Tracy (aerospace executive)
John J. Tracy (born 1954, in Los Angeles, California) is the retired chief technology officer (CTO) of The Boeing Company, the world's largest aerospace company. At Boeing, he held the dual roles of CTO and Senior Vice President of Engineering, Operations & Technology from June 2006 to mid 2016.

During his tenure as CTO, Tracy led Boeing's engineering team, which created noteworthy aerospace products  including the Boeing 787 commercial airplane, the first jetliner to feature a composite fuselage; the Boeing 747-8 Intercontinental airplane, an updated version of Boeing's largest commercial airplane; the X-37, an experimental 30-foot unmanned space plane that's the first reusable spacecraft since the Space Shuttle; and Phantom Eye, a long-endurance, hydrogen-powered, 150-foot-long unmanned demonstrator aircraft.

Chief technology officer
A chief technology officer (CTO), chief technical officer, or chief technologist is a corporate officer tasked with managing technical operations of an organization. They oversee and supervise research and development and serve as a technical advisor to a higher executive such as a chief executive officer.

A CTO is very similar to a chief information officer (CIO). CTOs will make decisions for the overarching technology infrastructure that closely align with the organization's goals, while CIOs work alongside the organization's information technology ("IT") staff members to perform everyday operations. The attributes of the roles a CTO holds vary from one company to another, mainly depending on their organizational structure.
Stepan Kalinin
Stepan Andrianovich Kalinin (Russian: Степа́н Андриа́нович Кали́нин; 28 December 1890 – 11 September 1975) was a Soviet army commander. He fought in the Imperial Russian Army during World War I before going over to the Bolsheviks during the subsequent civil war. He was promoted to Komkor (corps commander) in 1938.

He was a member of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. He was a recipient of the Order of Lenin and the Order of the Red Banner.

He was relieved of duty in 1944, then held in prison without being questioned for six years until his case was reopened in 1950. He was sentenced to 25 years but was freed after the death of Joseph Stalin in 1953 and subsequently rehabilitated.

Bryansk
Bryansk (Russian: Брянск, IPA: [brʲansk] Audio file "Ru-Bryansk.wav" not found) is a city and the administrative center of Bryansk Oblast, Russia, situated on the Desna River, 379 kilometers (235 mi) southwest of Moscow. It has a population of 379,152 at the 2021 census.

Bryansk is one of the oldest cities in the oblast, with 985 regarded as the year of foundation. It was part of the Kievan Rus', Mongol Empire and Lithuania during the medieval period, then was contested by Moscow and Poland–Lithuania in the early modern period, before ultimately passing to Russia, within which it was a major regional trading center.
FIGlet
FIGlet is a computer program that generates text banners, in a variety of typefaces, composed of letters made up of conglomerations of smaller ASCII characters (see ASCII art). The name derives from "Frank, Ian and Glenn's letters".

Being free software, FIGlet is commonly included as part of many Unix-like operating systems (Linux, BSD, etc.) distributions, but it has been ported to other platforms as well. The official FIGlet FTP site includes precompiled ports for the Acorn, Amiga, Apple II, Atari ST, BeOS, Mac, MS-DOS, NeXTSTEP, OS/2, and Microsoft Windows, as well as a reimplementation in Perl (Text::FIGlet). There are third-party reimplementations of FIGlet in Java (including one embedded in the JavE ASCII art editor), JavaScript, PHP, Python, and Go. DuckDuckgo also has their own Figlet version, to be able to use it you need to type "Figlet [text]" and you can easily Copy & Paste everywhere

Unix-like
A Unix-like (sometimes referred to as UN*X, *nix or *NIX) operating system is one that behaves in a manner similar to a Unix system, although not necessarily conforming to or being certified to any version of the Single UNIX Specification. A Unix-like application is one that behaves like the corresponding Unix command or shell. Although there are general philosophies for Unix design, there is no technical standard defining the term, and opinions can differ about the degree to which a particular operating system or application is Unix-like. Some well-known examples of Unix-like operating systems include Linux, FreeBSD and OpenBSD. These systems are often used on servers as well as on personal computers and other devices. Many popular applications, such as the Apache web server and the Bash shell, are also designed to be used on Unix-like systems.
Guilin Qifengling Airport
Guilin Qifengling Airport is a military airport in Guilin, Guangxi, China. Built in 1958, the airport originally served all commercial traffic to Guilin. It was poorly equipped to handle the rapid increase in tourism to the city during the 1990s. As a result, Guilin Liangjiang International Airport was opened in 1996 and all commercial flights shifted to it.

Air base
An airbase or air base, sometimes referred to as a military airbase, military airfield, military airport, air station, naval air station, air force station, or air force base, is an aerodrome or airport used as a military base by a military force for operating military aircraft.
The Bird in the Bush (Traditional Erotic Songs)
The Bird in the Bush (Traditional Erotic Songs) is a folk album by A. L. Lloyd, Anne Briggs and Frankie Armstrong, released by Topic Records in 1966. The album is a collection of traditional erotic British folk songs, although the album's content is in the form of euphemism and metaphor, like "sport and play". The album was re-released in 1996 by Topic on CD with 5 additional tracks taken from other Topic folk albums of the same period.  The album is now available as a download

In 2009 Topic Records included in their 70-year anniversary boxed set Three Score and Ten Lloyd singing The Two Magicians on track five on the second CD.

Topic Records
Topic Records is a British folk music label, which played a major role in the second British folk revival. It began as an offshoot of the Workers' Music Association in 1939, making it the oldest independent record label in the world.
Shepparton Swans Football Club
The Shepparton Swans Football Netball Club is an Australian rules football and netball club based in the city of Shepparton in northern Victoria. The club teams currently compete in the Goulburn Valley League.

Shepparton
Shepparton (/ˈʃɛpərtən/ SHEP-ər-tən; Yorta Yorta: Kanny-goopna) is a regional city located on the floodplain of the Goulburn River in northern Victoria, Australia, approximately 181 kilometres (112 mi) north-northeast of Melbourne. As of the 2021 census, the locality of Shepparton had a population of 32,067. The broader urban area, including the adjacent town of Mooroopna, had a combined population of 49,862.

It began as a sheep station and river crossing in the mid-19th century, before undergoing a major transformation as a railway town. Today it is an agricultural and manufacturing centre, and the centre of the Goulburn Valley irrigation system, one of the largest centres of irrigation in Australia. It is also a major regional service city and the seat of local government and civic administration for the City of Greater Shepparton, which includes the surrounding towns of Tatura, Merrigum, Mooroopna, Murchison, Dookie, Toolamba and Grahamvale.
2014 Men's Pan-American Volleyball Cup
The 2014 Men's Pan-American Volleyball Cup was the ninth edition of the annual men's volleyball tournament, played by nine countries. It was held in Tijuana, Mexico, from 11 to 16 August 2014. The tournament served as a rating for the 2015 FIVB World League.

UTC−07:00
UTC−07:00 is an identifier for a time offset from UTC of −07:00. In North America, it is observed in the Mountain Time Zone during standard time, and in the Pacific Time Zone during the other eight months (see daylight saving time). Some locations use it year-round.
Wendi Schneider
Wendi Schneider (born 1955) is an American artist and photographer based in Denver, Colorado, known for her photographs of nature and wildlife that are often printed on paper vellum or kozo with hand-applied layers of gold leaf on verso. Gilded vellum and kozo photographs from her ongoing "States of Grace" series have been exhibited in more than 100 gallery and museum exhibitions nationally and abroad. Paula Tognarelli, executive director of the Griffin Museum of Photography, has stated: "There is an elegance that emanates from Wendi Schneider's photographs. It can be seen in the turn of a flamingo's neck, in hanging fog or the flick of a betta fish tail. Schneider's photographic gestures are not rare sightings but daily gifts from the natural world for those with the patience to see them."

Betta
Betta /ˈbɛtə/ is a large genus of small, active, often colorful, freshwater ray-finned fishes, in the gourami family (Osphronemidae). The best known Betta species is B. splendens, commonly known as the Siamese fighting fish and often kept as an aquarium pet.
Astro Studios
Astro Studios is an American design firm in San Francisco, California.

The company designed the original Compaq IPAQ Pocket PC, Alienware Computers and Microsoft's Xbox 360 and Xbox 360 accessories. In 1999, Astro Studios received two Design of the Decade Awards by BusinessWeek / Industrial Designers Society of America (IDSA), one for the Kensington Computer Products Group Smart Sockets and the other for Nike Inc's first electronic products, and the original Triax SportsWatch series. Other designs include the Boxee Box, Zune HD,

A spin-off organization, Astro Gaming manufactures gaming headsets.  In 2008, the Astro Gaming A40 Audio System became the official licensed headset of Major League Gaming.

Astro Studios has received several awards including Red Dot, the American Institute of Graphic Arts (AIGA) 365 Awards.

Kensington Computer Products Group
Kensington Computer Products Group is an American manufacturer of personal computer peripherals. The company produces peripherals including docking stations, mice, and cable locks for laptops and other devices. Headquartered in Burlingame, California, Kensington is a division of ACCO Brands.
Church of Benditas Almas (Caveira)
The Church of Benditas Almas (Portuguese: Igreja Paroquial de Caveira/Igreja de Nossa Senhora do Livramento/Igreja das Benditas Almas) is a 19th-century church located in the civil parish of Caveira in the municipality of Santa Cruz das Flores, in the Portuguese island of Flores, in the archipelago of the Azores.

Concelho
Concelho (Portuguese: [kõˈseʎu]) is the Portuguese-language term for municipality, referring to the territorial subdivision in local government. In comparison, the word município ([muniˈsipiu]) refers to the organs of State. This differentiation is still in use in Portugal and some of its former overseas provinces, but is no longer in use in Brazil following the abolition of these organs, in favour of the French prefecture system. It is similar to borough and council.
Anglo-Métis
A 19th century community of the Métis people of Canada, the Anglo-Métis, more commonly known as Countryborn, were children of fur traders; they typically had Scots (Orcadian, Mainland Scotland ), or English fathers and Indigenous mothers, often Cree, Anishinaabekwe (notably often Saulteaux), Nakoda, amongst others.  They were also known as "English halfbreeds." Some Anglo-Metis still identify by this name. Their first languages were generally those of their mothers: Cree, Saulteaux, Assiniboine, etc. and English. Some of their fathers spoke Gaelic or Scots, leading to the development of the creole language known as "Bungee". Some scholars have started spelling Métis as "Metis" to acknowledge the presence and contributions of the Anglo-Métis and the complex history of the Métis people overall.

Saulteaux
The Saulteaux (pronounced /ˈsɔːltoʊ/, SAWL-toh or in imitation of the French pronunciation /ˈsoʊtoʊ/, SOH-toh; also written Salteaux, Saulteau and other variants), otherwise known as the Plains Ojibwe, are a First Nations band government in Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta and British Columbia, Canada. They are a branch of the Ojibwe who pushed west. They formed a mixed culture of woodlands and plains Indigenous customs and traditions.
American Roots Music
American Roots Music is a 2001 multi-part documentary film that explores the historical roots of American Roots music through footage and performances by the creators of the movement: Folk, Country, Blues, Gospel, Bluegrass, and many others.

This PBS film series is available as an 'in-class' teaching tool.

Notable musicians that appear in this documentary are:

Kris Kristofferson (as narrator)

Bonnie Raitt

Robbie Robertson

Bob Dylan

Eddie Vedder

Mike Seeger

Ricky Skaggs

Marty Stuart

Rufus Thomas

Doc Watson

James Cotton

Bela Fleck

Douglas B. Green

Arlo Guthrie

Flaco Jiménez

B.B. King

Bruce Springsteen

Steven Van Zandt

Robert Mirabal

Keb' Mo'

Willie Nelson

Sam Phillips

Bernice Johnson Reagon

Keith Richards

Earl Scruggs

Ralph Stanley

Douglas B. Green
Douglas Bruce Green (born March 20, 1946), better known by his stage name Ranger Doug, is an American musician, arranger, award-winning Western music songwriter, and Grand Ole Opry member best known for his work with Western music and the group Riders in the Sky in which he plays guitar and sings lead and baritone vocals. He is also a yodeler.  With the Riders, he is billed as "Ranger Doug — The Idol of American Youth" and "Governor of the Great State of Rhythm". He is also a member of The Time Jumpers.
Jock Pearson
Brigadier Alastair "Jock" Stevenson Pearson, CB, DSO & Three Bars, OBE, MC, TD, DL (1 June 1915 – 29 March 1996) was a baker, farmer and one of the most highly regarded soldiers of the Parachute Regiment and the British Army who served in the Second World War.

52nd (Lowland) Infantry Division
The 52nd (Lowland) Infantry Division was an infantry division of the British Army that was originally formed as the Lowland Division, in 1908 as part of the Territorial Force. It later became the 52nd (Lowland) Division in 1915. The 52nd (Lowland) Division fought in the First World War before being disbanded, with the rest of the Territorial Force, in 1920.

The Territorial Force was later reformed as the Territorial Army and the division was again raised, during the inter-war years, as the 52nd (Lowland) Infantry Division - a 1st Line Territorial Army Infantry Division - and went on to serve during the Second World War.

By December 1947, the formation amalgamated with 51st (Highland) Infantry Division to become 51st/52nd Scottish Division, but, by March 1950, 51st Division and 52nd Division had been recreated as separate formations. 52nd (Lowland) Division finally disbanded in 1968.
KTDU-35
The KTDU-35 (GRAU Index 11D62) was a Soviet spacecraft propulsion system composed of two liquid rocket engines, the primary, S5.60 (SKD) and the secondary S5.35 (DKD), fed from the same propellant tanks. Both engines burn UDMH and AK27I in the gas generator cycle. It was designed by OKB-2, the famous Isaev Design Bureau, for the original Soyuz programme.

Within the Soyuz and Progress, the SKD is the primary engine, the DKD is the backup engine for main orbital correction and de-orbit operations. The engine generate 4.09 kN (920 lbf) (SKD) or 4.03 kN (910 lbf) (DKD) of thrust with a specific impulse of 278 seconds and 270 seconds, respectively. The SKD nozzle is fixed in the aft of the craft, and the dual DKD nozzles are on either side. The spacecraft attitude system (DPO) is responsible for pointing the vehicle in the correct direction and keep it that way during SKD burns.

Soyuz programme
The Soyuz programme (/ˈsɔɪjuːz/ SOY-yooz, /ˈsɔː-/ SAW-; Russian: Союз [sɐˈjus], meaning "Union") is a human spaceflight programme initiated by the Soviet Union in the early 1960s. The Soyuz spacecraft was originally part of a Moon landing project intended to put a Soviet cosmonaut on the Moon. It was the third Soviet human spaceflight programme after the Vostok (1961–1963) and Voskhod (1964–1965) programmes.

The programme consists of the Soyuz capsule and the Soyuz rocket and is now the responsibility of Roscosmos. After the retirement of the Space Shuttle in 2011, the Soyuz was the only way for humans to get to the International Space Station (ISS) until 30 May 2020 when Crew Dragon flew to the ISS for the first time with astronauts.
Associated British Oil Engine Company
The Associated British Oil Engine Company (ABOE) was a British engineering company.  It started life as a combine, similar to Agricultural & General Engineers.  Petters Limited joined ABOE in 1937. J&H McLaren & Co. was sold to ABOE in 1943, although it may have been a member from an earlier date. In 1945 Mirrlees, Bickerton and Day joined the group followed by the National Gas and Oil Engine company in 1950.

Later, ABOE became a more conventional company as the oil engine division of the Brush-ABOE Group of Companies, an ancestor of Brush Traction.

Agricultural & General Engineers
Agricultural & General Engineers Limited (AGE) was a holding company formed on 4 June 1919 during a postwar economic "boom" to combine five British engineering companies: Aveling & Porter, E H Bentall, Blackstone, Richard Garrett and J & F Howard. The holding company's business was described to the judge considering its 1932 winding up as: "agricultural, transport, road, constructional and general engineers".

It paid no dividend on any class of its shares and after a catastrophic trading loss in 1931 and allegations of fraud was liquidated following Barclays Bank's successful application for the winding up order made by the court in April 1932. Many of its subsidiaries were revived as independent businesses.
Thal Ghat
Thal Ghat (also called as Thul Ghat or Kasara Ghat) is a ghat section (mountain incline or slope) in the Western Ghats near the town of Kasara in Maharashtra. The Thal Ghat is located on the busy Mumbai–Nashik route,  and is one of the four major routes, rail and road routes, leading into Mumbai. The railway line, which passes through the ghat is the steepest in India with a gradient of 1 in 37.

Ghat
Ghat (Hindi: [ɡʱaːʈ]), a term used in the Indian subcontinent, to refer  to the series of steps leading down to a body of water or wharf, such as a bathing or cremation place along the banks of a river or pond, the Ghats in Varanasi, Dhobi Ghat or the Aapravasi Ghat.
Bengal Central Bank
Bengal Central Bank was a commercial bank based in Bengal. It was founded by J. C. Das in 1918 as the Bengal Central Loan Company. On 18 December 1950, it merged with Comilla Banking Corporation, Comilla Union Bank and Hooghly Bank to form the United Bank of India.

Currently it is part of Punjab National Bank

Commercial bank
A commercial bank is a financial institution that accepts deposits from the public and gives loans to its clients to make a profit.

It can also refer to a bank or a division of a larger bank that deals with wholesale banking to corporations or large or middle-sized businesses, to differentiate from retail banks and investment banks. Commercial banks include private sector banks and public sector banks. However, central banks function differently from commercial banks, despite a common misconception known as the "bank analogy". Unlike commercial banks, central banks are not primarily focused on generating profits and cannot become insolvent in the same way as commercial banks in a fiat currency system.
Acronicta vulpina
Acronicta vulpina, the vulpina dagger moth or miller dagger moth, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. The species was first described by Augustus Radcliffe Grote in 1883. It is found in North America from New York and Newfoundland west to central British Columbia, south to Colorado.

It was formerly considered a subspecies of Acronicta leporina (both species occur in eastern Russia).

The wingspan is 40–47 mm. Adults are on wing from May to July depending on the location.

The larvae feed on Populus tremuloides, Betula papyrifera, Populus balsamifera Alnus rugosa and Salix species.

Populus tremuloides
Populus tremuloides is a deciduous tree native to cooler areas of North America, one of several species referred to by the common name aspen. It is commonly called quaking aspen, trembling aspen, American aspen, mountain or golden aspen, trembling poplar, white poplar, and popple, as well as others. The trees have tall trunks, up to 25 metres (82 feet) tall, with smooth pale bark, scarred with black. The glossy green leaves, dull beneath, become golden to yellow, rarely red, in autumn. The species often propagates through its roots to form large clonal groves originating from a shared root system. These roots are not rhizomes, as new growth develops from adventitious buds on the parent root system (the ortet).

Populus tremuloides is the most widely distributed tree in North America, being found from Canada to central Mexico. It is the defining species of the aspen parkland biome in the Prairie Provinces of Canada and extreme northwest Minnesota.
Hugh Gordon (Australian politician)
Hugh Gordon (1817 – 14 March 1895) was a Scottish-born Australian politician.

He was born at Rhynie to John and Margaret Gordon. In 1839 he migrated to New South Wales, settling in the New England region. He farmed on the Severn River and near Inverell, Warialda and on the Gwydir River. His first marriage, to Emily Catherine Hollingworth, produced five children; a second in 1860 to Caroline Elizabeth Hollingworth produced two daughters. In 1861 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for Tenterfield, serving until his retirement in 1869. Gordon died at Strathbogie in 1895.

Inverell
Inverell is a large town in northern New South Wales, Australia, situated on the Macintyre River, close to the Queensland border. It is also the centre of Inverell Shire. Inverell is located on the Gwydir Highway on the western slopes of the Northern Tablelands. It has a temperate climate. In the 2021 census, the population of Inverell was 12,057 and the Inverell Shire population was 17,853.
Ladakh Buddhist Association
Ladakh Buddhist Association (LBA) is an organization in Ladakh, India concerned with interests of Buddhists in Ladakh. It was founded in 1933 by King Jigmet Dadul Namgyal, Kalon Tsewang Rigzin, Lachumir Munshi Sonam Tsewang and Kalon Bankapa Morup Gyaltsan and Pandit Sridhar Koul, also known as Pandit Dulu, after the Glancy Commission failed to provide representation to Ladakhi Buddhists in the newly proposed Praja Sabha. The initiative led to the establishment of the Young Men's Buddhist Association (YMBA) in 1934, which was later renamed as the Ladakh Buddhist Association.

1934 Jammu and Kashmir Praja Sabha election
The first election for a legislative assembly called Praja Sabha was held in 1934 in the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir in the British Indian Empire. The Praja Sabha was to have 75 members, of which 12 would be officials, 33 elected members and 30 nominated members. The election was held on 3 September 1934. The All Jammu and Kashmir Muslim Conference under the leadership of Sheikh Abdullah was the largest elected party with 16 seats won. A 'Liberal Group' championed by the Dogra Sadar Sabha had the overall majority in the Assembly with 24 members.