hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Periapical cyst
Commonly known as a dental cyst, the periapical cyst is the most common odontogenic cyst.  It may develop rapidly from a periapical granuloma, as a consequence of untreated chronic periapical periodontitis.

Periapical is defined as "the tissues surrounding the apex of the root of a tooth" and a cyst is "a pathological cavity lined by epithelium, having fluid or gaseous content that is not created by the accumulation of pus."

Most frequently located in the maxillary anterior region, the cyst is caused by pulpal necrosis secondary to dental caries or trauma. Its lining is derived from the epithelial cell rests of Malassez which proliferate to form the cyst. Such cysts are very common. Although initially asymptomatic, they are clinically significant because secondary infection can cause pain and damage. In radiographs, the cyst appears as a radiolucency (dark area) around the apex of a tooth's root.

Dental trauma
Dental trauma refers to trauma (injury) to the teeth and/or periodontium (gums, periodontal ligament, alveolar bone), and nearby soft tissues such as the lips, tongue, etc. The study of dental trauma is called dental traumatology.
Konstantin Krause
Konstantin Krause (born 8 October 1967, in Bad Langensalza) is a retired German long jumper.

He won the silver medal at the 1992 European Indoor Championships. He represented the sports clubs TV Wattenscheid, TV Heppenheim and LG Ohra/Hörsel, and became German champion in 1998 and 1999.

His personal best jump is 8.27 metres, achieved in June 1997 in Bad Langensalza. This ranks him fifth among German long jumpers, behind Lutz Dombrowski, Frank Paschek, Josef Schwarz and Henry Lauterbach and equal to Marco Delonge.

Frank Paschek
Frank Paschek (born 25 June 1956) is a retired East German long jumper.

He was born in Bad Doberan, Bezirk Rostock, and won a silver medal for East Germany at the 1980 Summer Olympics held in Moscow, Soviet Union.

His personal best jump was 8.36 metres, achieved in May 1980 in Berlin. This ranks him fourth among German long jumpers, behind Lutz Dombrowski, Christian Reif and Sebastian Bayer.
Crystal Spring springsnail
The Crystal Spring springsnail, scientific name Pyrgulopsis crystalis, is a species of small freshwater snail, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Hydrobiidae.

This species' natural habitat is springs.  It is endemic to Crystal Pool, Ash Meadows, Nevada, United States.

Snail
A snail is a shelled gastropod. The name is most often applied to land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs. However, the common name snail is also used for most of the members of the molluscan class Gastropoda that have a coiled shell that is large enough for the animal to retract completely into. When the word "snail" is used in this most general sense, it includes not just land snails but also numerous species of sea snails and freshwater snails. Gastropods that naturally lack a shell, or have only an internal shell, are mostly called slugs, and land snails that have only a very small shell (that they cannot retract into) are sometimes called semi-slugs.
Toronto City Council 2022–2026
The 2022–2026 Toronto City Council term is the present term of Toronto City Council. It initially consisted of members elected in the 2022 municipal election (including the 2022 mayoral election) held on October 24. Following the election, voters returned city councillors in the city's 25 wards as well as the mayor of Toronto, who is elected city-wide. The city uses a first-past-the-post system to elect all positions.

The council term began on November 15, 2022. Membership changes occurred with by-elections in 2023 (city-wide mayoral by-election held on June 26 and by-election for Ward 20 Scarborough Southwest councillor held on November 30), 2024 (by-election for councillor in Ward 15 Don Valley West held on November 4), and 2025 (by-election for councillor in Ward 25 Scarborough—Rouge Park held on September 29).

Municipal elections in Ontario are held every four years on the fourth Monday in October. The next election will be October 26, 2026.

Toronto City Manager
The Toronto city manager is the most senior civil servant in the City of Toronto's administrative structure and the head of the Toronto Public Service. Appointed by the mayor of Toronto, the city manager is responsible for providing advice to Toronto City Council and implementing its decisions. The position is statutorily known as the chief administrative officer (CAO), which was also the title used in Toronto until city manager was adopted in 2005.

Paul Johnson has been the city manager since December 2, 2022. Johnson was appointed by Mayor John Tory, and previously worked for the City of Hamilton, before joining the City of Toronto as a deputy city manager in 2021.
T. Vaiphei
Tinilangthang Vaiphei (born 1 March 1956) is a retired Indian judge and former Chief Justice of the High Court of Tripura. He is the judge from the Kuki-Vaiphei community to be elevated to the position of Chief Justice of High Courts of India.

Vaiphei people
The Vaiphei people are an ethnic group who live in the North-East Indian states of Manipur, Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Meghalaya, Tripura and in the Chin State of Myanmar. They share cultural similarities with  other tribes in the region like Mizo, Paite, Thadou, Simte, Hmar, Zou people, Gangte and Kom (collectively known as the Zo-Mizo people) or Zo.
Pittsburgh Dispatch
The Pittsburgh Dispatch was a leading newspaper in Pittsburgh, operating from 1846 to 1923. After being enlarged by publisher Daniel O'Neill it was reportedly one of the largest and most prosperous newspapers in the United States. From 1880 to 1887 native of nearby Cochran's Mills, Nellie Bly worked for the Dispatch writing investigative articles on female factory workers, and later reported from Mexico as a foreign correspondent. The paper was politically independent and was particularly known for its in-depth court reporting.

Burrell Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania
Burrell Township is a township in Armstrong County, Pennsylvania, United States, and is part of the Pittsburgh metropolitan area. The population was 659 at the 2020 census, a decrease from the figure of 689 tabulated in 2010.
After the Storm (Kali Uchis song)
"After the Storm" is a song by American singer Kali Uchis featuring American rapper Tyler, the Creator and fellow American singer and bassist Bootsy Collins. It was released on January 12, 2018, by Virgin EMI Records and Interscope Records, as the third single from Uchis' debut studio album, Isolation (2018). It was written by the artists alongside production team BadBadNotGood, while the song's official remix is produced by Pete Rock.

Virgin EMI Records
Virgin EMI Records was a British record label owned by the Universal Music Group that was formed in 2013. In June 2020, the label was rebranded as EMI Records, and operates Virgin Records as an imprint of the new EMI Records.
Thoatheriopsis
Thoatheriopsis is an extinct genus of proterotheriid from the Miocene of Mendoza Province, Argentina. The taxon is known only from the specimen MLP 81-XI-28-1, which includes an upper tooth row, and was named as the new binomial Thoatheriopsis mendocensis by Miguel Soria posthumously in 2001. The only provenance information known about the specimen is that it comes from the Anfiteatro de Cacheuta, and it is probably from the Mariño Formation, of which it could be from either the Areniscas Entrecruzadas or the Estratos de Mariño Member, which are both present at the known location of discovery. This means that the age for Thoatheriopsis cannot be determined beyond either being from the Santacrucian or Laventan South American Land Mammal Ages in the Early or Middle Miocene. Thoatheriopsis was found to be a close relative of Diadiaphorus and Neobrachytherium.

Laventan
The Laventan (Spanish: Laventense) age is a period of geologic time (13.8 to 11.8 Ma) within the Middle Miocene epoch of the Neogene, used more specifically within the SALMA classification in South America. It follows the Colloncuran and precedes the Mayoan age.
Challenge (1933)
Challenge was a tabloid-sized monthly newspaper established in Chicago in April 1933 that served as the official organ of the Young People's Socialist League, the youth section of the Socialist Party of America. The publication was subsequently renamed The Challenge of Youth and continued in existence through 1946.

Socialist Youth International
Socialist Youth International (in German: Sozialistische Jugend-Internationale, French: L'Internationale de la Jeunesse Socialiste) was an international union of socialist youth organisations. It was founded in Hamburg 1923, through the merger of the Young Workers' International and the International Community of Socialist Youth Organisations. The formation of SYI was parallel to what of the Labour and Socialist International, and LSI and SYI were closely connected.

The headquarters of SYI were set up in Berlin. In 1933, it shifted to Prague, and in 1938 to Paris.

During the Second World War SYI became dormant. It was later replaced by the International Union of Socialist Youth.
1996–97 Harty Cup
The 1996–97 Harty Cup was the 77th staging of the Harty Cup since its establishment by the Munster Council of Gaelic Athletic Association in 1918. The competition ran from 16 October 1996 to 16 March 1997.

St Colman's College successfully defended its title. in the Harty Cup final on 16 March 1997 at Clonmel GAA Ground, against Nenagh CBS, 1–17 to 0–08, in what was their second consecutive meeting in a final for their sixth successive Harty Cup title overall and a consecutive title since the previous season.

St Colman's College's Neil Ronan was the top scorer with 3-38.

1995–96 Harty Cup
The 1995–96 Harty Cup was the 76th staging of the Harty Cup since its establishment in hurlig by the Munster Council of Gaelic Athletic Association in 1918. The competition ran from 11 October 1995 to 17 March 1996.

Midleton CBS unsuccessfully defended its title, in the quarter-finals lossing to Nenagh CBS.

St Colman's College won the Harty Cup final on 17 March 1996 at Clonmel GAA Ground, against Nenagh CBS, 3–19 to 1–04, in what was their first ever meeting in a final, fifth Harty Cup title overall and their first title  1992.

St Colman's College's Timmy McCarthy was the top scorer with 2-31.
Yoshito Shintani
Yoshito Shintani (新谷 義人, Shintani Yoshito; born December 7, 1981 in Fukui Prefecture) is a Japanese weightlifter. Shintani represented Japan at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, where he competed for the men's lightweight category (69 kg). Shintani placed tenth in this event, as he successfully lifted 135 kg in the single-motion snatch, and hoisted 175 kg in the two-part, shoulder-to-overhead clean and jerk, for a total of 310 kg.

Snatch (weightlifting)
The snatch is the first of two lifts contested in the sport of weightlifting (also known as Olympic weightlifting) followed by the clean and jerk. The objective of the snatch is to lift the barbell from the ground to overhead in one continuous motion. There are four main styles of snatch used: snatch (full snatch or squat snatch), split snatch, power snatch, and muscle snatch.  The full lift is the most common style used in competition, while power snatches and muscle snatches are mostly used for training purposes, and split snatches are now rarely used. Any of these lifts can be performed from the floor, from the hang position, or from blocks. In competition, only lifts from the floor are allowed.
MS Pieter Corneliszoon Hooft
Pieter Corneliszoon Hooft was a Dutch ocean liner built in 1925. An onboard fire destroyed her passenger accommodation before she was completed. In 1932, another fire damaged her so severely that she was sold for scrapping, only to catch fire again before she was scrapped.

Pernis, Netherlands
Pernis (Dutch pronunciation: [pɛrˈnɪs]) is a neighborhood and submunicipality (since 3 March 2010) of Rotterdam, Netherlands. The district has a population of 4,845 (2018) on a total area size of 1.60 km2 (0.62 sq mi). Pernis is thus a full submunicipality of Rotterdam, but the former independent municipality had its own district council already. Although surrounded by ports, Pernis has preserved its village-like atmosphere very well.

Pernis is best known for its petrochemical industry. Refineries define its skyline. Shell's sprawling complex located there is the largest oil refinery in Europe, and one of the largest in the world.

Pernis was merged with 's-Gravenambacht in 1832. It remained an independent municipality until 1934, when it was merged into Rotterdam.
Markus Gander
Markus Gander (born May 16, 1989) is an Italian professional ice hockey player. He currently plays for the Italian club HCB South Tyrol in the Austrian Hockey League (EBEL).

Gander was named to the Italy national ice hockey team for competition at the 2014 IIHF World Championship.

HC Bozen–Bolzano
The Hockey Club Bolzano Foxes, also known as commercial name HCB Alto Adige Alperia (in Italian) or HCB Südtirol Alperia (in German) is an Italian professional ice hockey team located in the city of Bolzano, South Tyrol autonomous province, that plays in the ICE Hockey League (ICEHL). It remains the most successful team in the history of the Italian Serie A, with 19 championships.
Lia Athanassoula
Evangelia (Lia) Athanassoula (born 1948) is a retired Greek astrophysicist known for her numerical simulations of the dynamics and structure of disc galaxies, and her studies of the fit between theory and observation for these galaxies.

Disc galaxy
A disc galaxy (or disk galaxy) is a galaxy characterized by a galactic disc. This is a flattened circular volume of stars that are mainly orbiting the galactic core in the same plane. These galaxies may or may not include a central non-disc-like region (a galactic bulge). They will typically have an orbiting mass of gas and dust in the same plane as the stars. Interactions with other nearby galaxies can perturb and stretch the galactic disk.

Disc galaxy types include:

Spiral galaxies:
Unbarred spiral galaxies: (types S, SA)
Barred spiral galaxies: (type SB)
Intermediate spiral galaxies: (type SAB)

Lenticular galaxies: (types E8, S0, SA0, SB0, SAB0)

Galaxies that are not disc types include:

Elliptical galaxies: (type dE)

Irregular galaxies: (type dI)
Kenichi Ono
Kenichi Ono (小野 健一, Ono Ken'ichi; born January 11, 1958) is a Japanese voice actor, tarento, and actor from Tokyo. His birth name is Kikuo Ono (小野 喜久男, Ono Kikuo). He is best known for voicing as the villain character, Yoichi Takato from Kindaichi Case Files series.

Yoo Hae-jin
Yoo Hae-jin (Korean: 유해진; born January 4, 1970) is a South Korean actor. After graduating with a Theater degree from Seoul Institute of the Arts, he became a member of Theater troupe The Mokwha Repertoire Company. He has established himself as one of the top actors in the country, playing both supporting and lead roles.
Ordralfabetix
Ordralfabetix is an extinct genus of planthoppers in the family Lophopidae and containing the single species Ordralfabetix sirophatanis.  The species is known only from the Early Eocene, Ypresian stage Oise amber from the Quesnoy locality, Oise Department, France.

Planthopper
A planthopper is any insect in the infraorder Fulgoromorpha, in the suborder Auchenorrhyncha, a group exceeding 12,500 described species worldwide. The name comes from their remarkable resemblance to leaves and other plants of their environment and that they often "hop" for quick transportation in a similar way to that of grasshoppers. However, planthoppers generally walk very slowly. Distributed worldwide, all members of this group are plant-feeders, though few are considered pests. Fulgoromorphs are most reliably distinguished from the other Auchenorrhyncha by two features: the bifurcate (Y-shaped) anal vein in the forewing, and the thickened, three-segmented antennae, with a generally round or egg-shaped second segment (pedicel) that bears a fine filamentous arista.
Dohouimè
Dohouimè is an arrondissement in the Zou department of Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Djidja. According to the population census conducted by the Institut National de la Statistique Benin on February 15, 2002, the arrondissement had a total population of 2,384.

Zou Department
Zou [zu] is one of the twelve departments of Benin, named for the Zou River which travels through the department before emptying into the Atlantic in the south of the country. The department of Zou was split in two in 1999, with the northern territory transferred to the newly created Collines Department. The capital of Zou is Abomey. Zou is subdivided into nine communes, each centred at one of the principal towns: Abomey, Agbangnizoun, Bohicon, Cové, Djidja, Ouinhi, Za-Kpota, Zangnanado and Zogbodomey.

As of 2013, the total population of the department was 851,580, with 407,030 males and 444,550 females. The proportion of women was 52.20%. The total rural population was 67.00%, while the urban population was 33.00%. The total labour force in the department was 275,249, of which 50.10% were women. The proportion of households with no level of education was 60.70% and the proportion of households with children attending school was 72.90%.
A Very Short Life
A Very Short Life (Chinese: 短暫的生命; pinyin: Duǎn Zàn Dé Shēng Mìng; Cantonese Yale: Dyun Jaam Dik Sang Ming) is a 2009 Hong Kong drama film written, produced and directed by Dennis Law. It is Law's fifth feature film as a writer and director. Centered on child abuse and child molestation, the film stars Maggie Shiu as a Hong Kong police commissioner who investigates the murder of an 11-year-old girl at the hands of her abusive mother (Leila Tong). The film was awarded a Category III rating in Hong Kong for its subject matter and was released in Hong Kong on 19 March 2009.

Hong Kong motion picture rating system
The Hong Kong motion picture rating system (Chinese: 香港電影分級制度; Jyutping: hoeng1 gong2 din6 jing2 fan1 kap1 zai3 dou6) is a legal system of movie screening and rating. An official government agency issues ratings for any movie that will be shown in Hong Kong cinemas.
Battle of Sculeni
The Battle of Sculeni was fought on 29 June 1821 in Sculeni, Moldavia between Ottoman forces and the Greek revolutionary forces raised by the Filiki Eteria led by Prince George Katakouzenos. The battle came about as the result of Ottoman reprisals for Alexander Ypsilantis' expedition in the two Danubian Principalities, and followed in the aftermath of the Battle of Drăgășani.  When the Ottomans crossed the Bahlui River in Iaşi on 25 June 1821, Lieutenant Catakouzenos and his forces, originally stationed on the Russian frontier, crossed the Prut River.

Danubian Principalities
The Danubian Principalities (German: Donaufürstentümer, Russian: Дунайские княжества, Romanian: Principatele Dunărene) was a geopolitical term[a] used for the Ottoman vassal principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia in the period of 1774–1858, a time of when the territories were a battleground between the Ottoman Empire, Habsburg Monarchy, and Russian Empire. While Russia returned Moldavia and Wallachia to the Ottoman Empire with the Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca (1774), it retained protectorship over the two and also of the Orthodox subjects in all of the Ottoman Empire. This made the two principalities have the status of dual authority, under Ottoman suzerainty but with Russian protection. The Russo-Turkish War (1828–1829) ended with the Russian occupation of the two principalities. The negotiations of the Great Powers in the aftermath of Russian defeat resulted in the unification of Moldavia and Wallachia in 1859.
ITV Sport Channel
ITV Sport Channel was a short-lived sport television channel that was owned by Carlton Communications and Granada plc. It was launched on 11 August 2001 and closed on 12 May 2002, precipitating ITV Digital's collapse over a month later.

The channel was mostly devoted to football, but also included other sports, and it had two sister channels - ITV Sport Plus and ITV Sport Select.

Matt Smith, Tony Dorigo, Russell Osman, Bob Wilson, John Hendrie, Garry Nelson, Guy Havord, Guy Mowbray, Peter Drury, Jon Champion, David Fairclough, Paul Walsh, Jim Beglin, Simon Hill, Peter Stevenson, Carrie Frais, Lisa Rogers and Dave Beckett presented and commentated for the channel.

Peter Stevenson
Peter Stevenson is a former Gaelic footballer who played for the Derry county team in the 1960s and 1970s. Described as a "tower of strength", he won the Ulster Senior Football Championships on three occasions. He was awarded an All Star in 1975. Stevenson played club football with a number of clubs throughout his career including St Colm's GAC Drum and Ballerin Sarsfields.
1988 Banff and Buchan District Council election
The 1988 Banff and Buchan District Council election took place on 5 May 1988, alongside elections to the councils of Scotland's various other districts.

The election saw the Scottish National Party (SNP) making gains at the expense of Independent councillors, though the independent councillors retained a majority.

Banff and Buchan
Banff and Buchan is a committee area of the Aberdeenshire Council, Scotland, covering an area along the northern coast of the council area. The main towns are Banff and Fraserburgh. Fishing and agriculture are important industries, together with associated processing and service activity.

Banff and Buchan was also the name of a district of Grampian Region between 1975 and 1996. The district covered a much larger area than the modern committee area. Its council was based in Banff.
Squab pie
Squab pie is a traditional dish from South West England, with early records showing it was associated with Cornwall, Devon and Gloucestershire. Although the name suggests it contains squab (young domestic pigeon), in fact it contains mutton and apples. The pie was eaten around the world in the 1900s, though outside South West England it generally did contain pigeon.

Domestic pigeon
The domestic pigeon (Columba livia "domestica" or Columba livia forma domestica) is a domesticated bird derived from the rock dove Columba livia. Although often termed a "subspecies", the domesticated pigeon does not constitute an accepted zoological subspecies of the rock dove, but a collection of over 350 breeds. The rock dove is among the world's first birds to be domesticated; Mesopotamian cuneiform tablets mention the domestication of pigeons more than 5,000 years ago, as do Egyptian hieroglyphs.

Pigeons have held historical importance to humans as food, pets, symbolic animals, and messengers. Due to their homing ability, pigeons have been used to deliver messages, including war pigeons during the two world wars. City pigeons, which are feral birds, are generally seen as pests, mainly due to their droppings and a reputation for spreading disease.
Think of the children
"Think of the children" (also "What about the children?") is a cliché that evolved into a rhetorical tactic. In the literal sense, it refers to children's rights (as in discussions of child labor). In debate, it is a plea for pity that is used as an appeal to emotion, and therefore may become a logical fallacy.

Georgia State University Law Review
The Georgia State University Law Review is a law review edited and published by students at Georgia State University College of Law.  In addition to scholarly articles, each fall the Law Review publishes a detailed legislative review of the activities of the Georgia General Assembly known as the Peach Sheets.  The Peach Sheets serve as the state's only legislative history.