hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cyrillization of Arabic
Cyrillization of Arabic is the conversion of text written in Arabic script into Cyrillic script. Because the Arabic script is an abjad (a writing system without vowels), an accurate transliteration into Cyrillic, an alphabet, would still require prior knowledge of the subject language to read. Instead, systems of transcription have normally been used.

Abjad
An abjad (/ˈæbdʒæd/ ⓘ; or abgad lit. 'alphabet') is a writing system in which only consonants are represented by letter signs, leaving the vowels to be inferred by the reader (unless represented otherwise, such as by diacritics). This contrasts with alphabets that provide graphemes for both consonants and vowels. The term was introduced in 1990 by Peter T. Daniels. Other terms for the same concept include partial phonemic script, segmentally linear defective phonographic script, consonantary, consonant writing, and consonantal alphabet.

Impure abjads, such as the Arabic and Hebrew scripts, represent vowels with either optional diacritics or a limited number of distinct vowel graphemes, or both.
Sixth session of the United Nations General Assembly
The sixth session of the United Nations General Assembly opened on 6 November 1951 at the Palais de Chaillot in Paris. The president was Luis Padilla Nervo, previously head of the Mexican delegation to the UN since its first session and later the Secretary of Foreign Affairs of Mexico.

It was the last session held outside the Headquarters of the United Nations in Manhattan.

The first matter of international politics on the agenda was the Unification of Korea

Secretary of Foreign Affairs (Mexico)
The secretary of foreign affairs (Spanish: Secretario de Relaciones Exteriores) is the foreign secretary of Mexico, responsible for implementing the country's foreign policy. The secretary is appointed by the president of Mexico to head the Secretariat of Foreign Affairs (Spanish: Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores) and is a member of the federal executive cabinet. The secretary is commonly referred to in Spanish as Canciller ("Chancellor").

The incumbent secretary, since 1 October 2024, is Juan Ramón de la Fuente, former rector of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM).
Rhino Foods
Rhino Foods Incorporated, founded in 1981 by Anne and Ted Castle, is a specialty ice cream novelty and ice cream ingredient manufacturer located in Burlington, Vermont, United States. Rhino Foods has grown from a small ice cream shop, Chessy's Frozen Custard, into a business with over 150 employees. In 2013, the company became a certified B Corporation joining nearly 5,000 companies worldwide in the unified goal to use business as a force for good for people and the planet. The company is best known locally for their ice cream sandwich, the Chesster.  In 1991, the company worked with Ben & Jerry's to develop the first cookie dough for use in ice cream. The company produces cookie dough and baked pieces for most major brands in the ice cream industry. The company also co-packs ice cream cookie sandwiches for national and international companies.

Cookie dough
Cookie dough is an uncooked blend of cookie ingredients. While cookie dough is typically meant to be baked into individual cookies before consumption, edible cookie dough is specifically designed to be eaten raw; it is usually made without eggs and contains heat-treated flour to ensure safety for human consumption.

Cookie dough can be made at home or bought pre-made in packs (frozen logs, buckets, etc.). Dessert products containing cookie dough include ice cream and candy. In addition, pre-made cookie dough is sold in different flavors.

When made at home, common ingredients include flour, butter, white sugar, salt, vanilla extract, and eggs. If the dough is made with the intention of baking, then leavening agents such as baking soda or baking powder are added. However, these are often excluded in cookie doughs that are designed to be eaten raw. Chocolate chip cookie dough is a popular variation that can be made by adding chocolate chips to the mix.
Pannaivilai
Pannaivilai is a small village covered by Palmyra trees in Tuticorin District, Tamil Nadu, India. The name Pannai Villai is derived from two Tamil words, Pannai and Villai, which literally mean “land which grows” or “has Palmyra trees.”

Thoothukudi district
Thoothukudi district is one of the 38 districts of Tamil Nadu, a state in southern India. On 20 October 1986, an M. G. Ramachandran-led government bifurcated the Tirunelveli district to form the district. It is shared by its boundaries with the Tenkasi, Tirunelveli, Ramanathapuram, and Virudhunagar districts and by the Gulf of Mannar in the Bay of Bengal. The district is like a mini India in shape. It is broad in the north and tapers towards the south. Thoothukudi is the headquarters and largest city of the district.
Çırağan incident
The Çırağan incident, also known as the Ali Suavi incident (Ottoman Turkish: واقعه چراغان, romanized: Vak'â-yı Çırağan), was a failed coup attempt that took place on May 20, 1878 by a group of dissident people led by Ali Suavi to replace Ottoman sultan Abdul Hamid II with his brother Murad V who was held in Çırağan Palace.

Murad V
Murad V (Ottoman Turkish: مراد خامس, romanized: Murâd-ı ḫâmis; Turkish: V. Murad; 21 September 1840 – 29 August 1904) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 30 May to 31 August 1876. The son of Abdulmejid I, he supported the conversion of the government to a constitutional monarchy. His uncle Abdulaziz had succeeded Abdulmejid to the throne and had attempted to name his own son as heir to the throne, which spurred Murad to participate in Abdulaziz's overthrow. But his own frail physical and mental health made his reign unstable, and Murad V was deposed in favor of his half-brother Abdul Hamid II after only 93 days.
2024 Swedish Open – Men's singles
Nuno Borges defeated Rafael Nadal in the final, 6–3, 6–2 to win the men's singles tennis title at the 2024 Swedish Open. It was his first ATP Tour title. Borges became the second Portuguese player in the Open Era to win a main tour singles title, after João Sousa. It was Nadal's first final since the 2022 French Open, and the last of his 131 career finals on the ATP tour overall. It was also Nadal's last appearance in an ATP Tour event.

Andrey Rublev was the defending champion, but lost to Thiago Agustín Tirante in the second round.

The quarterfinal match between Nadal and Mariano Navone lasted four hours, becoming the third-longest best-of-three match since 1991. It was the second-longest best-of-three match of Nadal's career (after the 2009 Madrid Open semifinal against Novak Djokovic).

Denis Yevseyev
Denis Yevseyev (born 22 May 1993) is a Kazakh tennis player who competes on the ATP Challenger Tour.
He has a career high ATP singles ranking of world No. 153 achieved on 22 July 2024. He also has a career high ATP doubles ranking of No. 247 achieved on 12 July 2021.
Land and Water Conservation Fund
The United States' Land and Water Conservation Fund (LWCF) is a federal program that was established by Act of Congress in 1965 to provide funds and matching grants to federal, state and local governments for the acquisition of land and water, and easements on land and water, for the benefit of all Americans. The main emphases of the fund are recreation and the protection of national natural treasures in the forms of parks and protected forest and wildlife areas. The LWCF has a broad-based coalition of support and oversight, including the National Parks Conservation Association, Environment America, The Wilderness Society, the Land Trust Alliance, the Nature Conservancy, the National Wildlife Federation, and The Conservation Fund.

In August 2020, President Trump signed the Great American Outdoors Act into law, which requires that the LWCF be funded at $900 million yearly, a significant increase from previous funding levels.

Environment America
Environment America is a federation of state-based environmental advocacy organizations in the United States. The organization researches and advocates for environmental policies through lobbying, litigation, and the mobilization of public support. Environment America advocates new laws and policies to address climate change, air pollution and water pollution, and is a proponent of clean energy, while opposing offshore drilling.
International Airport (film)
International Airport is a 1985 American made-for-television drama film starring Gil Gerard and Connie Sellecca. It was directed by Charles S. Dubin and Don Chaffey and executive produced by Aaron Spelling and Douglas S. Cramer.

It was called a "combination of Airport and The Love Boat." It was a pilot for a proposed TV series which did not eventuate; however the film screened as a stand-alone movie. This film marks the final appearance of Susan Oliver in her full-length movies, before her death in 1990.

Douglas S. Cramer
Douglas Schoolfield Cramer (August 22, 1931 – June 4, 2021) was an American television producer who worked for Paramount Television and Spelling Television, producing series such as Mission: Impossible, The Brady Bunch, and Dynasty.
3 Cathedral Street, Dunkeld
3 Cathedral Street is an historic building in Dunkeld, Perth and Kinross, Scotland. Standing on Cathedral Street, it is a Category B listed building dating to c. 1715. It is two storeys, with a three-window frontage.

Perth and Kinross
Perth and Kinross (Scots: Pairth an Kinross; Scottish Gaelic: Peairt agus Ceann Rois) is one of the 32 council areas of Scotland, and a lieutenancy area. It is bordered by Highland and Aberdeenshire to the north, Angus, Dundee, and Fife to the east, Clackmannanshire to the south, and Stirling and Argyll and Bute to the west.

Geographically the area is split by the Highland Boundary Fault into a more mountainous northern part and a flatter southern part. The northern area is a popular tourist spot, while agriculture makes an important contribution to the southern part of the area.

The area is run by Perth and Kinross Council, which is based in Perth.
First United Presbyterian Church (Sterling, Colorado)
The First United Presbyterian Church in Sterling, Colorado is a historic church at 130 S. 4th Street.  Its present building was built in 1919 and was added to the National Register in 1982.

It has a monumental two-story portico with four fluted, Ionic columns.  The portico is flanked by engaged brick pilasters and is topped by a cornice-boxed pediment.

The church was first organized in 1878, in a sod schoolhouse in a homestead colony about 3.5 miles (5.6 km) northeast of Sterling.

Sterling, Colorado
Sterling is a home rule municipality and the county seat and most populous municipality of Logan County, Colorado, United States.  The city population was 13,735 at the 2020 census.  Sterling is the largest city in the Eastern Plains region of Colorado and the site of the domed Logan County Courthouse, built in 1909. The city is also home to Northeastern Junior College, enrolling over 1,500 students annually.
James H. McClellan
James H. McClellan (born 5 October 1947) is the Byers Professor of Signal Processing at the Georgia Institute of Technology. He is widely known for his creation of the McClellan transform and for his co-authorship of the Parks–McClellan filter design algorithm.

Transformation (function)
In mathematics, a transformation, transform, or self-map is a function f, usually with some geometrical underpinning, that maps a set X to itself, i.e. f: X → X.
Examples include linear transformations of vector spaces and geometric transformations, which include projective transformations, affine transformations, and specific affine transformations, such as rotations, reflections and translations.
Waiting for Love (Alias song)
"Waiting for Love" is a song by Canadian hard rock supergroup Alias, released in 1991 as the third single from their self-titled debut album (1990). Written by Brett Walker and Jeff Paris, the song peaked at number 4 in Canada, and number 13 on the US Billboard Hot 100.

Alias (band)
Alias was a Canadian rock supergroup, formed in 1988 in Toronto by songwriter/lead vocalist Freddy Curci and songwriter/lead guitarist Steve DeMarchi of the Canadian arena rock band Sheriff, along with Heart founding members Roger Fisher, Steve Fossen, and Mike Derosier.
Romed Baumann
Romed Baumann (born 14 January 1986) is a German and former Austrian World Cup alpine ski racer. Born in St. Johann in Tyrol, Baumann has two World Cup victories, both in Super combined.  He skied for Austria for many years, but he chose to compete under the German flag prior to the 2019/20 season due to not being included in the Austrian A-team.

St. Johann in Tirol
Sankt Johann in Tirol, called Sainihåns (German pronunciation: [zãɪ̯nɪ'ɦåns]) in the local dialect, is a market municipality in the Kitzbühel district of Tyrol, Austria. In the regional ductus, the last syllable of the name is stressed as "Sankt yo-Hahn'" (German pronunciation: [zaŋkt joˈhan]).
High Street (Glasgow) railway station
High Street railway station serves High Street in Glasgow, Scotland and the surrounding area, which includes Townhead, the Merchant City, as well the western fringes of Dennistoun and Calton. The station is managed by ScotRail and is served by trains on the North Clyde Line.  It is located in the eastern part of the city centre, with Strathclyde University, Glasgow Cathedral and Glasgow Royal Infirmary being major institutions located nearby.

Glasgow Royal Infirmary
The Glasgow Royal Infirmary (GRI) is a large teaching hospital. With a capacity of around 1,000 beds, the hospital campus covers an area of around 8 hectares (20 acres), and straddles the Townhead and Dennistoun districts on the north-eastern fringe of the city centre of Glasgow, Scotland. It is managed by NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde. It was originally opened in 1794, with the present main building dating from 1914, with a major extension completed in 1982.
2017 French Open – Men's doubles
Ryan Harrison and Michael Venus won the men's doubles tennis title at the 2017 French Open, defeating Santiago González and Donald Young in the final, 7–6(7–5), 6–7(4–7), 6–3. In a rare coincidence, none of the four players had ever previously appeared in the men's doubles finals of a Grand Slam tournament prior to the event.

Feliciano López and Marc López were the defending champions, but lost to Julio Peralta and Horacio Zeballos in the first round.

Henri Kontinen retained the ATP no. 1 doubles ranking at the end of tournament despite losing in the first round after fellow contenders Nicolas Mahut and Marcelo Melo lost in the first and second rounds, respectively.

Julio Peralta
Julio Leonardo Peralta Martínez (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈxuljo leoˈnaɾðo peˈɾalta maɾˈtines]; born 9 September 1981) is an inactive professional tennis player from Chile. Peralta has found success in the late stage of his career, reaching no. 29 in the ATP rankings in doubles. He captured six doubles titles at ATP World Tour and one singles challenger title. He went on hiatus from 2005 to 2007, from 2009 to 2011, from 2012 to 2014 and from 2018 to 2022.
Maka-Kazmalyar
Maka-Kazmalyar (Russian: Мака-Казмаляр; Lezgian: Макьар Къазмаяр) is a rural locality (a selo) in Garakhsky Selsoviet, Magaramkentsky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. The population was 152 as of 2010. There are 2 streets.

Magaramkentsky District
Magaramkentsky District (Russian: Магарамкентский райо́н; Lezgian: Мегьарамдхуьруьн район) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the forty-one in the Republic of Dagestan, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the republic. The area of the district is 654.6 square kilometers (252.7 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Magaramkent. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 62,195, with the population of Magaramkent accounting for 11.2% of that number.
Cotinis antonii
Cotinis antonii is a species of Cotinis scarab. This beetle has been spotted in Cadereyta and Guanajuato in Mexico. These beetles have been photographed on rock surfaces, and seem to prefer dark places. The beetle, like all in the family Scarabaeidae, has a glinting outer shell protecting the main body, and is complete with an all-black exoskeleton. The antennae sprout from the front of the head, branching out into threes. It is part of the Green June Beetles, and currently has no conservation status.

Scarabaeidae
The family Scarabaeidae, as currently defined, consists of over 35,000 species of beetles worldwide; they are often called scarabs or scarab beetles. The classification of this family has undergone significant change. Several groups formerly treated as subfamilies have been elevated to family rank (e.g., Bolboceratidae, Geotrupidae, Glaresidae, Glaphyridae, Hybosoridae, Ochodaeidae, and Pleocomidae), and some reduced to lower ranks. The subfamilies listed in this article are in accordance with those in Catalog of Life (2023).
Waarre
Waarre is a locality in the Shire of Corangamite of the Australian state of Victoria. It is about nine kilometres northeast of Port Campbell.

Waarre is the site of two natural gas processing facilities. The Iona Gas Plant is owned by QIC and processes gas from the offshore Casino Gas Field. The Otway Gas Plant processes gas from the offshore Geographe and Thylacine gas fields in the Otway Basin. It was owned by Lattice Energy, a subsidiary of Origin Energy. Origin sold Lattice to Beach Energy in 2017. Forty percent of the Victorian operations were then on-sold to OG Energy in 2018. The other significant industry in the area is farming.

Queensland Investment Corporation
The Queensland Investment Corporation (QIC) is an Australian institutional investment manager and sovereign investor.

QIC invests across infrastructure, real estate, private equity, private debt, fixed income and multi-asset overlay solutions. It manages funds on behalf of clients in Australia, North America, the United Kingdom, Europe, Asia, and the Middle East, including pension and superannuation funds, sovereign wealth funds, insurers, universities and other government institutions.

Although wholly owned by the Queensland Government, QIC operates commercially and invests alongside global institutional partners. As of June 2025, it manages more than A$130 billion in assets under management (AUM).
Blanefield
Blanefield is a settlement in Scotland contiguous with Strathblane's northwestern fringe. To the west is the volcanic plug Dumgoyne, Glengoyne Distillery and the Trossachs National Park. The West Highland Way—a long-distance trail—passes close to the village.

The Blane Water (Uisge Bhlàthain) has also been referred to as Beul-abhainn (Scottish Gaelic pronunciation: [ˈpial̪ˠa.ɪɲ]) meaning "mouth-river" after the numerous burns merging. One of its tributaries, the Ballagan Burn passes over the waterfall the Spout of Ballagan which shows 192 alternate strata of coloured shales and limestone (including pure alabaster). The Blane flows into the Endrick, which, in its turn, flows westward to Loch Lomond.

Endrick Water
The Endrick Water or River Endrick (Scottish Gaelic: Eunarag) is a river which flows into the eastern end of Loch Lomond, Scotland.

Its drainage basin covers a large part of the west of Stirling District. The Burnfoot Burn rising on the southern slopes of the Gargunnock Hills and the Backside Burn rising on the eastern slopes of the Fintry Hills combine to form the Endrick Water which flows south before turning sharply westwards at the foot of the western dam of Carron Valley Reservoir. The river flows through Strathendrick, the village of Fintry and past Balfron and Drymen before entering Loch Lomond.

56°04′18″N 4°31′33″W﻿ / ﻿56.07162°N 4.52590°W﻿ / 56.07162; -4.52590
Richard Chambers (rugby union)
Richard Rodney Chambers (15 August 1927 — 31 March 2020) was an Irish international rugby union player.

Chambers was educated at Royal Belfast Academical Institution and Queen's University.

An Instonians centre, Chambers was capped six times for Ireland. He played all four matches of their championship-winning 1951 Five Nations campaign. The following year, Chambers played a further two Five Nations matches and toured South America, making two uncapped appearances against the Pumas.

Chambers, a barrister, was admitted to the bar in 1950 and became a County Court Judge in 1973.

1951 Five Nations Championship
The 1951 Five Nations Championship was the twenty-second series of the rugby union Five Nations Championship. Including the previous incarnations as the Home Nations and Five Nations, this was the fifty-seventh series of the northern hemisphere rugby union championship. Ten matches were played between 13 January and 7 April. It was contested by England, France, Ireland, Scotland and Wales. Ireland missed out on a second Grand Slam after drawing against Wales at Cardiff Arms Park, but won the championship.
University Medical Center
Several institutions known as University Medical Center include:

University Medical Center (Lubbock, Texas)

University Medical Center (Tucson, Arizona)

University Medical Center (UTA station)

University Medical Center Freiburg

University Medical Center Groningen

University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf

University Medical Center New Orleans

University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein

University Medical Center Utrecht

University Medical Center of El Paso

University Medical Center of Princeton at Plainsboro

University Medical Center of Southern Nevada

University Medical Center of Tirana "Mother Teresa"

University Medical Center (Lubbock, Texas)
University Medical Center  in Lubbock, Texas is a public, non-profit 500-bed hospital. UMC is the primary hospital of the MC Health System and is owned by the taxpayers of Lubbock County. It serves as the primary teaching hospital for the Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center (TTUHSC). UMC had the first Level 1 Trauma Center in West Texas, the John A. Griswold Trauma Center, and it is still the only Level 1 Trauma Center in the region. UMC's Timothy J. Harnar Burn Center is the only Burn Center in the region. UMC is the first magnet status hospital in West Texas. UMC's Children's Unit is a part of the Children's Miracle Network and includes a pediatric intensive care unit and a neonatal intensive care unit.

Lubbock's 911 Emergency Medical Service is provided through University Medical Center, serving over 300,000 people (city and county) with MICU (paramedic-staffed) ambulances.  UMC EMS responds to over 31,000 911 calls per year through a priority dispatch system.
1883 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1883.

Residue (chemistry)
In chemistry, residue is whatever remains or acts as a contaminant after a given class of events. Residue may be the material remaining after a process of preparation, separation, or purification, such as distillation, evaporation, or filtration. It may also denote the undesired by-products of a chemical reaction.

Residues as an undesired by-product are a concern in agricultural and food industries.