hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sajid Mahmood (Pakistani cricketer)
Sajid Mahmood (born 10 January 1981) is a Pakistani cricketer. He played in 28 first-class and 12 List A matches between 2001 and 2009. He made his Twenty20 debut on 25 April 2005, playing for Rawalpindi Rams in the 2004–05 National Twenty20 Cup.

Rawalpindi Rams
The Rawalpindi Rams (Urdu: راولپنڈی ریمز) was a domestic Twenty20 and List A cricket team, based in Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. The team was established in 2004–2005 and operated until its dissolution in 2016. Its home ground was the Rawalpindi Cricket Stadium.
African-American English
African-American English (AAE) is the group of English dialects spoken predominantly by Black people in the United States and, less often, in Canada. Most commonly, African-American English is an umbrella term that refers to a dialect continuum ranging from African-American Vernacular English to more standard American English. Like all widely spoken language varieties, African-American English shows variation stylistically, generationally, geographically (that is, features specific to singular cities or regions only), in rural versus urban characteristics, in vernacular versus standard registers, etc. There has been a significant body of African-American literature and oral tradition for centuries.

John R. Rickford
John Russell Rickford (born September 16, 1949) is a Guyanese-American linguist. Rickford is the J. E. Wallace Sterling Professor of Linguistics and the Humanities at Stanford University's Department of Linguistics and the Stanford Graduate School of Education, where he has taught since 1980. His book Spoken Soul: The Story of Black English, which he wrote together with his son, Russell J. Rickford, won the American Book Award in 2000.
Pseudo-Euclidean space
In mathematics and theoretical physics, a pseudo-Euclidean space of signature (k, n − k) is a finite-dimensional real n-space together with a non-degenerate quadratic form q. Such a quadratic form can, given a suitable choice of basis (e1, ..., en), be applied to a vector x = x1e1 + ⋯ + xnen, giving
 which is called the scalar square of the vector x.: 3

For Euclidean spaces, k = n, implying that the quadratic form is positive-definite. When 0 < k < n, q is an isotropic quadratic form. Note that if 1 ≤ i ≤ k < j ≤ n, then q(ei + ej) = 0, so that ei + ej is a null vector. In a pseudo-Euclidean space with k < n, unlike in a Euclidean space, there exist vectors with negative scalar square.

As with the term Euclidean space, the term pseudo-Euclidean space may be used to refer to an affine space or a vector space depending on the author, with the latter alternatively being referred to as a pseudo-Euclidean vector space (see Point–vector distinction).

Basis (linear algebra)
In mathematics, a set B of elements of  a vector space V is called a basis (pl.: bases) if every element of V can be written in a unique way as a finite linear combination of elements of B. The coefficients of this linear combination are referred to as components or coordinates of the vector with respect to B. The elements of a basis are called basis vectors.

Equivalently, a set B is a basis if its elements are linearly independent and every element of V is a linear combination of elements of B. In other words, a basis is a linearly independent spanning set.

A vector space can have several bases; however all the bases have the same number of elements, called the dimension of the vector space.

This article deals mainly with finite-dimensional vector spaces. However, many of the principles are also valid for infinite-dimensional vector spaces.

Basis vectors find applications in the study of crystal structures and frames of reference.
Graniteville-East Barre, Vermont
Graniteville-East Barre is a former census-designated place (CDP) defined for the 2000 census in the town of Barre, Washington County, Vermont, United States. The population of the CDP was 2,136 at the 2000 census. The CDP consisted of three unincorporated villages in the town: Graniteville, East Barre, and Websterville. For the 2010 census, the three areas have been split into separate CDPs in accordance with the 2010 criterion of not aggregating multiple places into one CDP.

Washington County, Vermont
Washington County is a county located in the U.S. state of Vermont. Named after George Washington, its county seat is the city of Montpelier (the least populous state capital in the United States) and the most populous city is the city of Barre. As of the 2020 census, the population was 59,807, making it the third-most populous county in Vermont, but the third-least populous capital county in the United States after Hughes County, South Dakota and Franklin County, Kentucky; in 2023, the estimated population was 60,142. Washington County comprises the Barre, Vermont micropolitan statistical area. In 2010, the center of population of Vermont was located in Washington County, in the town of Warren.
Cape Breton and Central Nova Scotia Railway
The Cape Breton and Central Nova Scotia Railway (reporting mark CBNS) is a short line railway that operates in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia.   CBNS operates 159 miles (256 kilometres) of main line and associated spurs between Truro in the central part of the province to Point Tupper on Cape Breton Island.

The rail lines CBNS operates were previously owned by the Canadian National Railway.  CBNS began operations in 1994 after the rail lines was purchased in October 1993 by the holding company RailTex.  The purchase and operation of this route made CBNS one of the first short line railways to operate a route previously owned by a Canadian Class I railroad.  On February 4, 2000, RailTex and all of its assets, including CBNS, were sold to the holding company RailAmerica.  On December 12, 2012, RailAmerica and all of its assets, including CBNS, were sold to the holding company Genesee & Wyoming.

Reporting mark
A reporting mark is a code used to identify owners or lessees of rolling stock and other equipment used on certain rail transport networks.  The code typically reflects the name or identifying number of the owner, lessee, or operator of the equipment, similar to IATA airline designators.

In North America, the mark, which consists of an alphabetic code of two to four letters, is stenciled on each piece of equipment, along with a one- to six-digit number. This information is used to uniquely identify every such rail car or locomotive, thus allowing it to be tracked by the railroad it is traveling over, which shares the information with other railroads and customers.  In multinational registries, a code indicating the home country may also be included.
2016 Euro RX of Sweden
The 2016 Euro RX of Sweden is the fifth round of the forty-first season of the FIA European Rallycross Championship. The event was held at the Höljesbanan in the village of Höljes, Värmland as an undercard to the 2016 World RX of Sweden, and was the only event on the 2016 calendar to have all three categories running.

Värmland
Värmland (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈvæ̌rmland] ⓘ) is a landskap (historical province) in west-central Sweden. It borders Västergötland, Dalsland, Dalarna, Västmanland, and Närke, and is bounded by Norway in the west.
Bahadurnagar
Bahadurnagar is a village in Bachhrawan block of Rae Bareli district, Uttar Pradesh, India. Located 8 km from Bachhrawan, the block headquarters, Bahadurnagar hosts a market on Mondays and Thursdays. It was historically one of the main villages in the Bachhrawan pargana. As of 2011, Bahadurnagar's population is 4,508, in 964 households.

The 1961 census recorded Bahadurnagar as comprising 14 hamlets, with a total population of 2,034 people (1,078 male and 956 female), in 430 households and 410 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 1,954 acres. It had a post office then.

The 1981 census recorded Bahadurnagar as having a population of 2,707 people, in 587 households, and having an area of 784.28 hectares.

Raebareli district
Raebareli district is a district of Uttar Pradesh state in northern India. The city of Raebareli is the district headquarters. This district is a part of Lucknow Division in Uttar Pradesh state. The total area of Raebareli district is 3,371 Sq. km.

As of 2011, its population is 3,405,559, which makes it the 27th largest in the state. It is a predominantly rural district, with 91% of the population living in rural areas.
Owasso High School
Owasso High School is a high school located within Tulsa County in Owasso, Oklahoma, United States. It is among the largest high schools in Oklahoma by enrollment with nearly 3,000 students. In 2024, the school received international attention following the death of Nex Benedict.

The district (of which this is the sole comprehensive high school) includes Owasso, a small portion of Tulsa, Limestone, and a small portion of Valley Park. It is located within the 7,000 square-mile Cherokee Nation reservation in northeastern Oklahoma.

Green Country
Green Country, sometimes referred to as Northeast Oklahoma, is the northeastern portion of the U.S. state of Oklahoma, which lies west of the northern half of Arkansas, the southwestern corner the way  of Missouri, and south of Kansas.
Tassajara Fire
The Tassajara Fire was a wildfire that started on September 20, 2015, in the Santa Lucia Range, in Monterey County, California.

The fire swiftly burned 1,086 acres (4 km2) of land in a rural, residential area near the Los Padres Forest, including 12 homes and numerous outbuildings.

It was contained a week later on September 27.

The smoke plume was visible throughout the Monterey Bay and Salinas Valley regions.

Monterey Bay
Monterey Bay is a bay of the Pacific Ocean located on the coast of the U.S. state of California, south of the San Francisco Bay Area. San Francisco itself is farther north along the coast, by about 75 miles (120 km), accessible via CA 1 and US 101.

Santa Cruz is located at the north end of the bay, and Monterey is on the Monterey Peninsula at the south end. The "Monterey Bay Area" is a regional term used to describe the Monterey Bay-adjacent Central Coast communities of Santa Cruz, Monterey, and San Benito counties. The three counties, along with Monterey Bay-adjacent cities, collaborate in the Association of Monterey Bay Governments (AMBAG) on regional issues and come together for events like the State of the Region hosted by the Monterey Bay Economic Partnership.
Who Killed Atlanta's Children?
Who Killed Atlanta's Children? (also known as Echo of Murder and Unanswered Questions) is a TV movie about the Atlanta child murders starring James Belushi and Gregory Hines. It was directed by Charles Robert Carner and first aired on Showtime on July 16, 2000. This movie projects a conspiracy theory about the murders: that they were committed by the Ku Klux Klan, who then framed Wayne Williams.

Charles Robert Carner
Charles Robert Carner (born April 30, 1957) is an American TV and film director and writer. He is primarily known for directing numerous TV movies as well as the theatrical film Witless Protection. He was married to Debra Sharkey, with whom he has three children, Michael, Grace Noelle, and Vincent.
Prism score of pediatric mortality
The Pediatric Risk of Mortality (PRISM) score was developed from the Physiologic Stability Index (PSI) to reduce the number of physiologic variables required for pediatric intensive-care unit (PICU) mortality risk assessment, from 34 (in the PSI) to 14, and to obtain an objective weighting of the remaining variables.

PRISM III, an updated version of the scoring system published in 1996, has several improvements over the original PRISM.  However, it is only available under licence and is not widely used outside of the United States.

PRISM III score has 17 physiologic variables subdivided into 26 ranges. The variables most predictive of mortality were minimum systolic blood pressure, abnormal pupillary reflexes, and stupor/coma.

Stupor
Stupor is the lack of critical mental function and a level of consciousness, in which an affected person is almost entirely unresponsive and responds only to intense stimuli such as pain. The word derives from the Latin stupor ("numbness, insensibility").
Scott McGrory
Scott Anthony McGrory OAM (born 22 December 1969) is an Australian former professional racing cyclist. He was an Australian Institute of Sport scholarship holder.

McGrory won a gold medal (with Brett Aitken) in the Madison at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, a silver in the Madison at the 1996 UCI Track Cycling World Championships in Manchester, and a bronze medal at the 1988 Summer Olympics in the team pursuit.

He represented Australia in the road race events at both the 1998 Commonwealth Games in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (8th), and the 2000 Sydney Olympic Games.

Australian Institute of Sport
The Australian Institute of Sport (AIS) is a high performance sports training institution in Australia. The institute's 66-hectare (163-acre) headquarters were opened in 1981 and are situated in the northern suburb of Bruce, Canberra. The AIS is a division of the Australian Sports Commission (ASC).
Héctor Ballesteros
Héctor Fabio Ballesteros Vélez  (born October 18, 1981 in Cali, Valle del Cauca) is a retired male weightlifter from Colombia. He won a gold medal for his native South American country at the 2003 Pan American Games, and competed at the 2004 Summer Olympics.

Valle del Cauca Department
Valle del Cauca (Spanish for "Cauca Valley"; Spanish pronunciation: [ˈbaʎe ðel ˈkawka]), is a department in western Colombia abutting the Pacific Ocean. Its capital is Santiago de Cali. Other cities such as Buenaventura, Buga, Cartago, Palmira and Tuluá have great economical, political, social and cultural influence on the department's life. Valle del Cauca has the largest number of independent (i.e., nonmetropolitan) towns with over 100,000 inhabitants in the country, counting six within its borders. Buenaventura has the largest and busiest seaport in Colombia, moving about 8,500,000 tons of merchandise annually.
Spodnja Brežnica
Spodnja Brežnica (pronounced [ˈspoːdnja bɾɛˈʒniːtsa]) is a settlement in the Municipality of Poljčane in northeastern Slovenia. It lies north of Poljčane on the regional road to Slovenska Bistrica. The railway line from Ljubljana to Maribor runs through the settlement. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Drava Statistical Region.

Municipality of Poljčane
The Municipality of Poljčane (pronounced [pɔlˈtʃaːnɛ]; Slovene: Občina Poljčane) is a municipality in the traditional region of Styria in northeastern Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Poljčane. Poljčane became a municipality in 2006.
Gwynno James
Christianity portal

John Gwynno James (7 September 1912 – 18 February 1967) was a Church in Wales cleric, who served as Archdeacon of Llandaff (until 1964) and subsequently as Dean of Brecon (from 1964).

He earned his education at Keble College, Oxford, and was ordained in 1937. Warden of St Teilo's Hall from 1940 to 1945 he was then a Lecturer at St Michael's College, Llandaff, and after that a Minor Canon at Llandaff Cathedral.

He is also a published author (by the Church in Wales) and a librettist for such classical works as William Mathias' St. Teilo Masque (1962) and Alun Hoddinott's Dives and Lazarus. Mathias dedicated his work, Aedes Christi, to Gwynno James on James' installation at Brecon.

Warden (college)
Warden is a title used by the heads of some university colleges, halls of residence, and other institutions. Its use in this sense dates back at least to the 13th century at Merton College, Oxford, as a translation of the Latin custos.
Hometown, West Virginia
Hometown is a census-designated place (CDP) in Putnam County, West Virginia, United States. As of the 2020 census, its population was 556 (down from 668 at the 2010 census). The community is located along the Kanawha River on West Virginia Route 62. Hometown has six streets that intersect at one street. There is an elementary school. The red house on the left in the photo was constructed for Thomas M. Brown and Ella Mae Criner Brown in the early 1920s, and was the first house built at Hometown. Hometown is a unique community, with no true elected mayor. A dog who roams hometown and Bancroft is who the residents refer to as the mayor.

West Virginia Route 62
West Virginia Route 62 is a north–south state highway in western West Virginia. The southern terminus of the route is at West Virginia Route 25 in Dunbar. The northern terminus is at Interstate 77 and U.S. Route 33 in Ripley.
Joseph Kalang Tie
Joseph Kalang Tie (born 9 March 1987) is a Malaysian former footballer who currently serves as youth coach for Kuching City B team. He formerly played for the Malaysia national team.

Mainly as an attacking midfielder and a winger, he has also been deployed in central midfield. Joseph is known for his technical ability, creativity, pace, and ability to read the game.

Malaysia FA Cup
The Malaysia FA Cup (Malay: Piala FA) is an annual football competition in Malaysia, established in 1990. It was previously managed by the Football Association of Malaysia, before being transferred to the Malaysian Football League in the 2016 season.

The winners of the competition are awarded a slot in the AFC Champions League Two. The current title holders are Johor Darul Ta'zim, which won their fifth title in 2025.
2-nitropropane dioxygenase
In enzymology, a 2-nitropropane dioxygenase (EC 1.13.11.32) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

2 2-nitropropane + O2  2 acetone + 2 nitrite

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 2-nitropropane and O2, whereas its two products are acetone and nitrite.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on single donors with O2 as oxidant and incorporation of two atoms of oxygen into the substrate (oxygenases). The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O2.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is 2-nitropropane:oxygen 2-oxidoreductase. This enzyme participates in nitrogen metabolism.  It has 3 cofactors: FAD, Iron,  and FMN.

Oxidoreductase
In biochemistry, an oxidoreductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from one molecule, the reductant, also called the electron donor, to another, the oxidant, also called the electron acceptor. This group of enzymes usually utilizes NADP+ or NAD+ as cofactors. Transmembrane oxidoreductases create electron transport chains in bacteria, chloroplasts and mitochondria, including respiratory complexes I, II and III. Some others can associate with biological membranes as peripheral membrane proteins or be anchored to the membranes through a single transmembrane helix.
Digha
Digha (Bengali pronunciation: [ˈdiɡʱa]) is a seaside resort town located in the Purba Medinipur district in the state of West Bengal, India. Situated at the northern end of the Bay of Bengal, it is a popular coastal tourist destination known for its low gradient and shallow sand beaches.

Referred to as the "Brighton of the East" by Warren Hastings in one of his 1780 letters to his wife, Digha has remained a favored holiday spot for decades. It is West Bengal's most visited sea resort, with beaches that stretch over 7 km.

Warren Hastings
Warren Hastings FRS (6 December 1732 – 22 August 1818) was a British colonial administrator, who served as the first governor of the Presidency of Fort William (Bengal), the head of the Supreme Council of Bengal, and so the first governor-general of Bengal in 1772–1785. He and Robert Clive are credited with laying the foundation of the British Empire in India. He was an energetic organizer and reformer. In 1779–1784, he led forces of the East India Company against a coalition of native states and the French. In the end, the well-organised British side held its own, while France lost influence in India. In 1787, he was accused of corruption and impeached, but he was eventually acquitted in 1795 after a long trial. He was made a privy councillor in 1814.
One Arm and Other Stories
One Arm and Other Stories is a collection of short fiction by Tennessee Williams published by  New Direction in 1948.

The volume was released the same year that Williams received the Pulitzer Prize for his play A Streetcar Named Desire.

The book was reprinted in 1954 with a cover by Alvin Lustig. In 1956, a Danish language translation edition was published in Copenhagen under the title Englen I Alkoven.

Gale (publisher)
Gale is a global provider of research and digital learning resources. The company is based in Farmington Hills, Michigan, United States, west of Detroit. It has been a division of Cengage since 2007.

The company, formerly known as Gale Research and the Gale Group, is active in research and educational publishing for public, academic, and school libraries, and for businesses. The company is known for its full-text magazine and newspaper databases, Gale OneFile (formerly known as Infotrac), and other online databases subscribed by libraries, as well as multi-volume reference works, especially in the areas of religion, history, and social science.

Founded in Detroit, Michigan, in 1954 by Frederick Gale Ruffner Jr., the company was acquired by the International Thomson Organization (later the Thomson Corporation) in 1985 before its 2007 sale to Cengage.
Simsky (rural locality)
Simsky (Russian: Симский; Bashkir: Эҫем, Eśem) is a rural locality (a village) in Sakhayevsky Selsoviet, Karmaskalinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 42 as of 2010. There are 3 streets.

Karmaskalinsky District
Karmaskalinsky District (Russian: Кармаскали́нский райо́н; Bashkir: Ҡырмыҫҡалы районы, Qırmıśqalı rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the center of the republic and borders with Ufimsky and Iglinsky Districts in the north, Arkhangelsky District in the east, Gafuriysky District in the southeast, Aurgazinsky District in the south, Davlekanovsky District in the southwest, and with Chishminsky District in the west. The area of the district is 1,750 square kilometers (680 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Karmaskaly. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 51,504, with the population of Karmaskaly accounting for 16.6% of that number.
Osiniec, Czarnków-Trzcianka County
Osiniec [ɔˈɕiɲɛt͡s] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Trzcianka, within Czarnków-Trzcianka County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Until the late 1980s, there was a small grass airport near the village, where agricultural planes,  including An-2s, were stationed.

Czarnków–Trzcianka County
Czarnków–Trzcianka County (Polish: powiat czarnkowsko-trzcianecki) is a county in Greater Poland Voivodeship, west-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the town of Czarnków, which lies 61 kilometres (38 mi) north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The county contains three other towns: Trzcianka, 18 km (11 mi) north of Czarnków, Krzyż Wielkopolski, 38 km (24 mi) west of Czarnków, and Wieleń, 27 km (17 mi) west of Czarnków.

The county covers an area of 1,808.19 square kilometres (698.1 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 86,134, out of which the population of Trzcianka is 16,756, that of Czarnków is 11,356, that of Krzyż Wielkopolski is 6,283, that of Wieleń is 5,940, and the rural population is 45,799.