hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Daniel Dombrowski
Daniel A. Dombrowski (born 1953) is an American philosopher and professor emeritus of philosophy at Seattle University. He has served as editor of the journal Process Studies since 2009, and is a past president of the Metaphysical Society of America (2018–19).

Metaphysical Society of America
The Metaphysical Society of America (MSA) is a philosophical organization founded by Paul Weiss in 1950. As stated in its constitution, "The purpose of the Metaphysical Society of America is the study of reality." The society is a member of the American Council of Learned Societies.
King Gambrinus (sculpture)
King Gambrinus can refer to a number of statues made by different artists in the United States depicting the European folk hero Gambrinus. They were designed as ornamentation for brewery buildings. The trend began in European, where there are many other sculptures of Gambrinus adorning brew-houses and breweries.

King Gambrinus was a wooden statue carved around 1857 by American artist Gustav Haug and installed on the roof of the Pabst Brewhouse in Wisconsin. Artist Carl Kuehns later created a wooden copy in 1872. By 1966, it had rotted and a new cast aluminum version was made, it stood at the brewery until 1996. It now stands at the Best Place at the Historic Pabst Brewery in Milwaukee, outside the Guest Center.

King Gambrinus also refers to about a dozen large zinc statues that were sculpted and cast in the 19th century by J. W. Fiske & Company for use as architectural statues on brewery buildings in the United States. Five are known to still exist, four are in museums.

Architectural sculpture
Architectural sculpture is the use of sculptural techniques by an architect and/or sculptor in the design of a building, bridge, mausoleum or other such project. The sculpture is usually integrated with the structure, but freestanding works that are part of the original design are also considered to be architectural sculpture.  The concept overlaps with, or is a subset of, monumental sculpture.

It has also been defined as "an integral part of a building or sculpture created especially to decorate or embellish an architectural structure."

Architectural sculpture has been employed by builders throughout history, and in virtually every continent on earth save pre-colonial Australia.
Sa'deddin Pasha al-Azm
Sa'deddin Pasha al-Azm (Turkish: Azmzâde Sa'deddin Paşa; died 1762, Raqqa) was an Ottoman statesman. He served as the Ottoman governor of Aleppo (1750–52), Sidon (1752, 1757–58/59), Tripoli (Lebanon) (1752–57), Egypt (1757), Marash (1757, 1760), Jeddah (1758/59–60), Konya (1760–61), Rakka (1761–62), and Baghdad (1762; never took office).

He was born to Ismail Pasha al-Azm, a member of the prominent Al-Azm family. His brother was As'ad Pasha al-Azm and his uncle was Süleyman Pasha al-Azm.

Baghdad Eyalet
Baghdad Eyalet (Arabic: إِيَالَةُ بَغْدَاد, Ottoman Turkish: ایالت بغداد, romanized: Eyālet-i Baġdād) was an eyalet of the Ottoman Empire, with Baghdad serving as the administrative capital of Ottoman Iraq (Kürsi-i Hıtta-i Irakiyye). Its reported area in the 19th century was 62,208 square miles (161,120 km2).
Xenon (tyrant)
Xenon  (Ancient Greek: Ξενων) was the last tyrant of the ancient Greek city of Hermione. In 229 BC he was convinced by Aratus of Sicyon to step down from his post and let his city join the Achaean League.

Around the same time the poet Cercidas of Megalopolis wrote a poem about a "greedy cormorant wealthpurse, that sweet-scented out-of-control Xenon", but it is impossible to establish if he intended the same person.

Cercidas
Cercidas (Ancient Greek: Κερκιδᾶς Kerkidas; fl. 3rd century BC) was a poet, Cynic philosopher, and legislator for his native city Megalopolis. A papyrus roll containing fragments from seven of his Cynic poems was discovered at Oxyrhynchus in 1906.
Pusho
Héctor Emmanuel Birriel Caraballo, known professionally as Pusho, is a Puerto Rican rapper and singer.

Pusho first came to prominence online, posting songs through Freestyle Mania Music. In 2014, he signed with Casablanca Records and released his debut album, Rookie of the Year. He has also collaborated on songs with such artists as Daddy Yankee, Farruko, Miky Woodz, JKing & Maximan, J Alvarez, Cosculluela, De La Ghetto, Ozuna, Benni Benny, El Sica, D. OZi, and producers such as Musicólogo y Menes, Montana "The Producer", Franfucion, and others.
Pusho is also a father of two girls.

De la Ghetto
Rafael Castillo Torres (born September 17, 1984), known professionally as De la Ghetto, is an American singer and rapper who is the one-half member of the reggaeton duo Arcángel & De la Ghetto, alongside Arcángel. He is known for fusing reggaeton music with hip hop and trap rhythms, eventually creating Latin trap music.
Bronbeek
Bronbeek is a former royal palace in Arnhem, Netherlands. It is now a museum and a home for elderly soldiers.

Bronbeek was built early in the 19th century. In 1845 William III of the Netherlands bought it. He donated it to the Dutch state in 1859 and it became a home for disabled KNIL soldier three years later. The inhabitants took their collections of 'souvenirs' with them. This turned into a museum about the Dutch East Indies.

In 2004, 50 former soldiers had their home in Bronbeek.

Arnhem
Arnhem (Dutch: [ˈɑrnɛm] ⓘ or [ˈɑr(ə)nɦɛm] ⓘ; German: Arnheim [ˈaʁnhaɪm] ⓘ; Ernems: Èrnem) is a city and municipality situated in the eastern part of the Netherlands, near the German border. It is the capital of the province of Gelderland, located on both banks of the rivers Nederrijn and Sint-Jansbeek, which was the source of the city's development.

Arnhem is home to the Hogeschool van Arnhem en Nijmegen, ArtEZ Institute of the Arts, Netherlands Open Air Museum, Airborne Museum 'Hartenstein', Royal Burgers' Zoo, NOC*NSF and National Sports Centre Papendal. The north corner of the municipality is part of the Hoge Veluwe National Park. It is approximately 55 square kilometres (21 sq mi) in area, consisting of heathlands, sand dunes, and woodlands.
Khalwat al-Bayada
The Khalwat al-Bayada (خلوات البياضة, 'White Khalwat'; also romanized Khalwet el Biyad, Khalwat al-Biyyada) is the central sanctuary, and theological school of the Druze, located in Lebanon and founded in the 19th century by Sheikh Hamad el-Qais. Located near Hasbaya, the khalwat is the location where Ad-Darazi is supposed to have settled and taught from during the first Druze call.

It features a large, circular, stone bench next to an ancient oak tree known as Areopagus of the Elders that is secluded amongst nature and trees. The Kalwaat provides around forty hermitages for Al-ʻuqqāl (the initiated) at various times of the year. In 1838, copies of the Epistles of Wisdom were taken from the site by invading Egyptians.

Al-Darazi
Muhammad ibn Isma'il al-Darazi (Arabic: محمد بن إسماعيل الدرزي, romanized: Muḥammad ibn Ismāʿīl al-Darazī; died 1018) was an 11th-century Isma'ili preacher and early leader of the Druze faith who was labeled a heretic in 1016 and subsequently executed in 1018 by the Fatimid caliph al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah (r. 996–1021).
Sagami-Kaneko Station
Sagami-Kaneko Station (相模金子駅, Sagami-Kaneko-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the western part of the town of Ōi in Ashigarakami District, Kanagawa, Japan, operated by Central Japan Railway Company (JR Central).

Ashigarakami District, Kanagawa
Ashigarakami District (足柄上郡, Ashigarakami-gun) is a district located in western Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. Most of the mountainous district is sparsely populated, and is part of the Tanzawa-Ōyama Quasi-National Park. Parts of the cities of Hadano and Odawara, and the entire city of Minamiashigara were formerly part of Ashigarakami District.

As of 2009, the district had an estimated population of 67,954 and a density of 224 persons per km2. The total area was 303.44 km2.
Turkish Curling Federation
Turkish Curling Federation (Turkish: Türkiye Curling Federasyonu) is the governing body for the sport of curling in Turkey. Established as an independent federation in 2016, it is headquartered in Çankaya, Ankara.

Sports governing body
A sports governing body is a sports organization that has a regulatory or sanctioning function.

Sports governing bodies come in various forms and have a variety of regulatory functions, including disciplinary procedure for rule infractions and deciding on rule
changes in the sport that they govern. Governing bodies have different scopes. They may cover a range of sport at an internationally acceptable level, such as the International Olympic Committee and the International Paralympic Committee, or only a single sport at a national level, such as the Rugby Football League. National bodies will largely have to be affiliated with international bodies for the same sport. The first international federations were formed at the end of the 19th century.
Christian Alliance Party
The Christian Alliance Party was a political party in the Solomon Islands founded in 2005–2006 by Edward Sonia. At the 2006 Solomon Islands general election, the party received 3,613 votes (1.9% of the total) and won no seats.

2006 Solomon Islands general election
General elections were held in the Solomon Islands on 5 April 2006. No party won more than four of the fifty seats, while thirty seats went to independent candidates. A number of those subsequently formed an Association of Independent Members of Parliament, with Snyder Rini as their leader. Rini was elected prime minister by Parliament on 18 April, amidst "widespread street protests" in Honiara, which caused particular damage in the city's Chinatown. Rioters "alleged corruption and insisted that Mr. Rini had been unfairly favouring Chinese businessmen". While the riots ceased with the arrival of Australian and New Zealand peacekeeping troops the next day, the opposition soon lodged a motion of no confidence in Rini's premiership. Rini resigned on 26 April, having been Prime Minister for just eight days. Opposition parties united in a coalition and succeeded in having Manasseh Sogavare, of the Solomon Islands Social Credit Party, elected Prime Minister on 4 May.
Pierre Seel
Pierre Seel (16 August 1923 – 25 November 2005) was a gay Holocaust survivor who was conscripted into the German Army and the only French person to have testified openly about his experience of deportation during World War II due to his homosexuality.

Mulhouse
Mulhouse (/məˈluːz/ mə-LOOZ, French: [myluz] ⓘ; Alsatian: Mìlhüsa [mɪlˈhyːsa]; German: Mülhausen [myːlˈhaʊzn̩] ⓘ, meaning "mill house") is a French city of the European Collectivity of Alsace (Haut-Rhin department, in the Grand Est region of France). It is near the border with Switzerland and Germany. It is the largest city in Haut-Rhin and second largest in Alsace after Strasbourg.

Mulhouse is known for its museums, especially the Cité de l'Automobile (also known as the Musée national de l'automobile, 'National Museum of the Automobile') and the Cité du Train (also known as Musée Français du Chemin de Fer, 'French Museum of the Railway'), respectively the largest automobile and railway museums in the world. An industrial town nicknamed "the French Manchester", Mulhouse is also the main seat of the Upper Alsace University, where the secretariat of the European Physical Society is found.
René Fenouillière
René Victor Fenouillière (22 October 1882 – 4 November 1916) was a French footballer who played for Spanish clubs RCD Espanyol and FC Barcelona. He competed for France in the men's tournament at the 1908 Summer Olympics. He is best known for being the first French player to wear the FC Barcelona shirt when he played for them in 1903. He was killed in action during World War I.

Football at the 1908 Summer Olympics
At the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, England, an official football tournament between national representative selections was contested for the first time; football had been played between club teams at the Games of 1900 and 1904.

Like the hockey tournament, the rules allowed countries to enter up to four separate teams. Unlike hockey, Scotland, Wales and Ireland did not enter teams.
There were eight entries, including two from France (the main team and a B team). Hungary and Bohemia both withdrew after the draw and appointment of referees, leaving six teams to contest the tournament.

Great Britain won the gold medal representing the United Kingdom (Great Britain and Ireland), although all the players were from England.

Sophus "Krølben" Nielsen of Denmark set a record by scoring 10 goals in a 17–1 win over France A. The famous mathematician Harald Bohr, brother of the even more famous Niels Bohr, also played for Denmark, who won the silver medal.
Alan Hale Sr.
Alan Hale Sr. (born Rufus Edward Mackahan; February 10, 1892 – January 22, 1950), typically credited as Alan Hale, was an American actor and film director. He is best known for his many character roles during the Golden Age of Hollywood, in particular as a frequent sidekick of Errol Flynn. He also played in films supporting Lon Chaney, Wallace Beery, Douglas Fairbanks, James Cagney, Clark Gable, Cary Grant, Humphrey Bogart, and Ronald Reagan. In total, his career in film lasted 40 years.

His son, Alan Hale Jr., also became an actor and remains most famous for playing "the Skipper" on the television series Gilligan's Island.

Classical Hollywood cinema
In film criticism, classical Hollywood cinema is both a narrative and visual style of filmmaking that first developed in the 1910s to 1920s during the later years of the silent film era. It then became characteristic of United States cinema during the Golden Age of Hollywood from 1927, with the advent of sound film, until the 1960s and the arrival of New Hollywood productions such as Bonnie and Clyde and The Graduate. During the intervening forty years, it was the most powerful and pervasive style of filmmaking worldwide.

Similar or associated terms include classical Hollywood narrative, Old Hollywood, and classical continuity. The period is also referred to as the studio era, which may also include films of the late silent era but ended before the 1970s with the studios’ loss of both their own movie theaters and the creative talent they had held under contract.
Kost Farm Barn
The Kost Farm Barn in Olivet, South Dakota is a Gothic-arch barn which was built in 1917.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.

It is a two-story wood barn with clapboard siding, on a concrete foundation.  It has a gothic arch roof over its main section.  There is also a one-story lean-to section on the north side.

It was deemed notable as "an excellent example of the Gothic Arch Barn in South Dakota."

Barn
A barn is an agricultural building usually  on farms and used for various purposes. In North America, a barn refers to structures that house livestock, including cattle and horses, as well as equipment and fodder, and often grain. As a result, the term barn is often qualified e.g. tobacco barn, dairy barn, cow house, sheep barn, potato barn. In the British Isles and in Europe, the term barn is restricted mainly to storage structures for unthreshed cereals and fodder, the terms byre or shippon being applied to cow shelters, whereas horses are kept in buildings known as stables. In mainland Europe, however, barns were often part of integrated structures known as byre-dwellings (or housebarns in US literature). In addition, barns may be used for equipment storage, as a covered workplace, and for activities such as threshing.
Added art
Added Art uses an existing piece of artwork for its canvas, just as traditional graffiti uses the wall of a building for the canvas. It is essentially the graffiti of artwork. Added Art is a merging of high and low art, using the concepts of graffiti, in a high art environment.  Adding to someone else's work has been a very common occurrence in graffiti for decades. In the urban environment, it is typically considered aggressive or antagonistic in nature, but also form of competition. However, it is still considered a taboo in the more established high arts, even though it has been practiced for over fifty years by stalwarts such as Rauschenberg in his Erased de Kooning Drawing. In more recent examples, Banksy has done several added art pieces over Damien Hirst's "spot" painting, and Mat Benote used an untitled work by Robert Morris at the MoMA in NYC as a canvas. A very interesting example was done by the Chapman Brothers, who painted over sketches originally created by Adolf Hitler.

Jake and Dinos Chapman
Iakovos "Jake" Chapman (born 1966) and Konstantinos "Dinos" Chapman (born 1962) are British visual artists, previously known as the Chapman Brothers. Their art explores deliberately shocking subject matters; for instance, in 2008, they produced a series of works that appropriated original watercolours by Adolf Hitler. In the mid-1990s, their sculptures were included in the YBA showcase exhibitions Brilliant! and Sensation. In 2003, the two were nominated for the annual Turner Prize but lost out to Grayson Perry. In 2013, their painting One Day You Will No Longer Be Loved III was the subject of Derren Brown's Channel 4 special The Great Art Robbery.

In 2022, with the announcement of Jake Chapman's solo show Me, Myself and Eye, it was disclosed that the Chapman brothers had ended their professional association. Jake Chapman made reference to mutual "seething disdain" and told the Guardian they were both "sick of the partnership" and were "no longer having fresh ideas together".
Hesitant Alien
Hesitant Alien is the debut solo studio album by Gerard Way, lead singer of the American rock band My Chemical Romance, released in the US on September 29, 2014, and on September 30 worldwide. It was officially announced in May 2014, although demos of the songs "Zero Zero" and "Millions" have circulated since 2012.  The album was produced by Doug McKean, known for his work as recording engineer on a number of projects with producer Rob Cavallo, including several releases by My Chemical Romance. Hesitant Alien received mostly positive reviews, and was a moderate commercial success reaching No. 16 on the US Billboard 200 and some international charts. To support the album, Way assembled a touring band, "The Hormones".

Rob Cavallo
Robert Siers Cavallo (born March 21, 1963) is an American record producer, musician, and record executive. He is among the biggest-selling producers in alternative music, having contributed to albums that have sold over 130 million units worldwide. He is also a three-time Grammy Award recipient.

Primarily known for his production work with Green Day, he has also worked with Linkin Park, My Chemical Romance, Eric Clapton, Beth Hart, the Goo Goo Dolls, the Dave Matthews Band, Kid Rock, Jawbreaker, Alanis Morissette, Black Sabbath, Phil Collins, Paramore, Sixpence None the Richer, Lil Peep, ONE OK ROCK, Shinedown, Beauty School Dropout and Meat Loaf.

Cavallo plays multiple instruments and has professional credits for his bass, keyboard, organ, piano, guitar and percussion work.
24th Manitoba Legislature
The members of the 24th Manitoba Legislature were elected in the Manitoba general election held in June 1953. The legislature sat from February 2, 1954 to April 30, 1958.

The Liberal-Progressive Party led by Douglas Lloyd Campbell formed the government.

Errick Willis of the Progressive Conservative Party was Leader of the Opposition. Duff Roblin defeated Willis at a leadership convention in June 1954 to become party leader.

In 1957, the Employment Standards Act was passed; it was intended to standardize conditions of employment such as hours of work and termination of employment. In the same year, the Equal Pay Act was also passed, which provided for equal pay for equal work within the same organization.

Nicholas Bachynsky served as speaker for the assembly.

There were four sessions of the 24th Legislature:

John Stewart McDiarmid was Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba.

Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba
The lieutenant governor of Manitoba (/lɛfˈtɛnənt/, French: lieutenant-gouverneur (if male) or lieutenante-gouverneure (if female) du Manitoba) is the representative in Manitoba of the monarch, who operates distinctly within the province but is also shared equally with the ten other jurisdictions of Canada. The lieutenant governor of Manitoba is appointed in the same manner as the other provincial viceroys in Canada and is similarly tasked with carrying out most of the monarch's constitutional and ceremonial duties. The present, and 26th, lieutenant governor of Manitoba is Anita Neville, who has served in the role since 24 October 2022.
Gillian Bates
Gillian Patricia Bates (born 19 May 1956) FMedSci FRS is a British biologist. She is distinguished for her research into the molecular basis of Huntington's disease and in 1998 was awarded the GlaxoSmithKline Prize as a co-discoverer of the cause of this disease. As of 2016, she is Professor of Neurogenetics at UCL Institute of Neurology and the co-director of UCL Huntington's Disease Centre.

GlaxoSmithKline Prize
The GlaxoSmithKline Prize and Lecture is awarded by the Royal Society of London "for original contributions to medical and veterinary sciences published within ten years from the date of the award".

Sponsored by GlaxoSmithKline, the medal is awarded with a gift of £2500. The medal was first awarded in 1980 to César Milstein "in recognition of his pioneering the production of monoclonal antibodies from hybrid cell lines and initiating their application worldwide in many fields of biology and medicine", and has since been awarded 13 times.
1938 Bolivian legislative election
Constituent Assembly elections were held in Bolivia on 13 March 1938. Prior to the elections, an electoral alliance named the Socialist Single Front (FUS) was formed by the Legion of Veterans, Confederation of Bolivian Workers, Workers' Party, Popular Front of Potosí, United Socialist Party, Republican Socialist Party, and Independent Socialist Party. The FUS won 96 of the 103 seats in the Chamber of Deputies and all 18 seats in the Senate.

Workers' Party (Bolivia)
The Workers' Party (Spanish: Partido Obrero, PO) was a Bolivian left-wing-socialist political party.

The Workers' Party was founded on November 23, 1937 by the leaders of the trade union Confederation of Bolivian Workers. The leaders of the Workers' Party were Waldo Álvarez España, Eduardo Arze Loureiro, Julio Ordóñez, Federico González, Luciano Durán Böger, Luis Peñaloza and Román Vera Álvarez.

The Workers' Party was associated with the revolutionary government of Colonel Germán Busch Becerra (1937–1939). For the 1938 congressional elections, the Workers' Party was the component of the pro-military Socialist Single Front.

The Workers' Party did not long survive the suicide of Colonel Germán Busch.