hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sydney Lavers
Sydney Robert Charles Lavers (4 June 1890 – 9 April 1972) was a Labour Party politician in England.

Born in Plymouth, Lavers was educated at the Plymouth Board School.  He served in World War I.  A few years after the war, he became an organiser with the National Union of General and Municipal Workers.  He also became active in the Labour Party, serving on Chester-le-Street Rural District Council from 1927 until 1946, including a stint as chair in 1940/41.  From 1934 until 1945, he also served on Durham County Council.

He was elected at the 1945 general election as member of parliament (MP) for Barnard Castle in County Durham, and held the seat until the constituency was abolished at the 1950 election.

Chester-le-Street
Chester-le-Street (/ˈtʃɛstəlistriːt/) is a market town in County Durham, England. It is located around 6 miles (10 kilometres) north of Durham and is close to Newcastle. The town holds markets on Saturdays. In 2021, the town had a population of 23,555.

The town's history is ancient; records date to a Roman-built fort called Concangis. The Roman fort is the Chester (from the Latin castra) of the town's name; the Street refers to the paved Roman road that ran north–south through the town. The parish church of St Mary and St Cuthbert is where the body of St Cuthbert remained for 112 years (from 883 to 995 AD), before being transferred to Durham Cathedral. 
An Old English translation of the Gospels was made in the 10th century: a word-for-word gloss of the Latin Vulgate text, inserted between the lines by Aldred the Scribe, who was Provost of Chester-le-Street.
Defying Gravity (2008 film)
Defying Gravity is a 2008 independent film directed by Michael Keller Lisa Savy James, written by James, and produced by Balancing Act Pictures. It was accepted into eleven film festivals and won four awards.

Michael Keller (filmmaker)
Michael Keller is an American independent filmmaker. He was the writer, director, cinematographer, and editor for the film Red Gold, a social crime drama about the illegal organ trade.

Red Gold was shown at various international film festivals and profiled in New Jersey Stage, and premiered at the Garden State Film Festival in Atlantic City, New Jersey, on April 5, 2014. It won "Best International Thriller" at the 2014 Manhattan Film Festival, and received a "rave" review by Film Threat.
Takbaş
Takbaş is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Tarsus, Mersin Province, Turkey. Its population is 828 (2022). It is situated in Çukurova (Cilicia of antiquity). Çukurova Motorway (O.51) is to the north and Turkish state highway D.400 is to the south of the village. The distance to Tarsus is 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) and to Mersin is 35 kilometres (22 mi). It is a typical Çukurova village, cotton and fresh vegetables being the main crops.

Çukurova Motorway
Çukurova motorway (Turkish: Çukurova otoyolu) is the unofficial name of the  motorway (Turkish: otoyol) of Çukurova (ancient Cilicia) in Turkey. It is actually composed of the motorways  O-51 (from Mersin to Adana),  O-53 (from Ceyhan to İskenderun) and a part of  O-52 (between O-51 and O-53).
New York Red Bulls U-23
The New York Red Bulls U-23 is an American soccer team based in Harrison, New Jersey. Founded in 2009, the team plays in USL League Two, a national amateur league at the fourth tier of the American Soccer Pyramid. It is part of the official Development Academy of Major League Soccer's New York Red Bulls.

The team plays its home games at the Red Bull Training Facility in Hanover, New Jersey. The team's colors are red, blue and white.

Harrison, New Jersey
Harrison is a town in the western part of Hudson County in the U.S. state of New Jersey. It is part of the New York metropolitan area. It is a suburb of the neighboring city of Newark, and is located 8 miles (13 km) from New York City. Once considered "the beehive of industry", the town is undergoing a residential and economic renewal, particularly along the Passaic River.

As of the 2020 United States census, the town's population was 19,450, an increase of 5,830 (+42.8%) from the 2010 census count of 13,620, which in turn reflected a decrease of 804 (−5.6%) from the 14,424 counted in the 2000 census. The Population Estimates Program calculated a population of 22,182 for 2024.
Billy Leech
William Leech (15 July 1875 – 24 November 1934) was an English footballer who played for Burslem Port Vale, Leicester Fosse, Plymouth Argyle, Stoke and Tottenham Hotspur. He made over 300 competitive appearances in a career lasting over 11 years. A left-half, his greatest achievement was to help Leicester to win promotion out of the Second Division in 1906–07.

1907–08 in English football
The 1907–08 season was the 37th season of competitive football in England. Manchester United were Football League champions for the first time, while Bradford City won the Second Division and Wolverhampton Wanderers won the FA Cup. The Home Championship was shared between England and Scotland.
Minnesota Fats (character)
Minnesota Fats, or George Hegerman, is a fictional pool hustler created by American novelist Walter Tevis.

The character appears in Tevis' novels The Hustler (1959). Jackie Gleason portrayed him in the 1961 film adaptation of The Hustler. Though a real pool hustler, Rudolf Wanderone, who began calling himself "Minnesota Fats" in 1961, claimed to be the inspiration, Tevis denied that claim and insisted that Minnesota Fats was fictional.

Walter Tevis
Walter Stone Tevis Jr. (/ˈtɛvɪs/; February 28, 1928 – August 9, 1984) was an American novelist and screenwriter. Three of his six novels were adapted into major films: The Hustler, The Color of Money and The Man Who Fell to Earth. A fourth, The Queen’s Gambit, was adapted into a miniseries with the same title and shown on Netflix in 2020. His books have been translated into at least 18 languages.
Tivoli Theatre (Dublin)
The Tivoli Theatre was a theatre on Francis Street in The Liberties, Dublin which opened in 1934 and operated until 2019 when it was demolished and replaced by "StayCity Aparthotel Tivoli", a 4-star hotel.

That Petrol Emotion
That Petrol Emotion was a London-based rock band formed in 1984 by musicians from Northern Ireland with an American vocalist. They recorded five albums between 1986 and 1994, exploring an eclectic fusion of indie rock, post-punk, garage rock and dance-punk, which anticipated both the dance-pop era of the early 1990s and the post-punk revival of the early 2000s.  They were described by Rolling Stone magazine as "The Clash crossed with Creedence", and by the New York Times as "a youthful Rolling Stones" crossed with a "revved-up Television". Following a fourteen-year break, the band reunited in 2008 for various dates, tours and festival appearances before returning to hiatus in 2010.
Albania under Serbia in the Middle Ages
Albania under Serbia in the Middle Ages was a period of time where Serbia gained extensive amounts of territory within the borders of modern-day Albania. Firstly, as part of Serbian Grand Principality and later as part of Serbian Empire, Serbian control in southern Albania is unclear. Some suggest they acquired towns, but others believe they only obtained submission, possibly nominal, from Albanian tribes. Central and southern Albanian towns were not conquered until 1343–45. Between 1272 and 1368, some areas of the modern-day state were also ruled by the Angevins as the Kingdom of Albania. In the late 14th century, Albanian Principalities were created throughout Albania.

Capetian House of Anjou
The Capetian House of Anjou, or House of Anjou-Sicily was a royal house and cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty. It is one of three separate royal houses referred to as Angevin, meaning "from Anjou" in France. Founded by Charles I of Anjou, the youngest son of Louis VIII of France, the Capetian king first ruled the Kingdom of Sicily during the 13th century. The War of the Sicilian Vespers later forced him out of the island of Sicily, leaving him with the southern half of the Italian Peninsula, known as the Kingdom of Naples. The house and its various branches would go on to influence much of the history of Southern and Central Europe during the Middle Ages until it became extinct in 1435.

Historically, the house ruled the Counties of Anjou, Maine, Touraine, Provence and Forcalquier; the Principalities of Achaea and Taranto; and the Kingdoms of Sicily, Naples, Hungary, Croatia, Albania and Poland.
Deslys
Deslys is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Charles Deslys (1821–1885), French writer

Gaby Deslys (1881–1920) French dancer, singer, and actress

Kay Deslys (1899–1974), British comedy actress in 1920s American films

Lily Deslys, a stage name of Lili Damita (1904–1994), French actress

Charles Deslys
Charles Deslys (1 March 1821 – 13 March 1885) was a 19th-century French writer.

He was educated at the Lycée Charlemagne then performed a study tour in Italy. Upon his return, he became an actor in the South of France and made his debut as a writer.

He began his artistic career in the theater. He traveled the south of France as a singer or an actor. Following the publication of a trifle in 1816 (Les Bottes vernies de Cendrillon), he discovered his literary talents.

He is buried at Père Lachaise Cemetery (71st division).
Country Style (Australian TV series)
Country Style was an Australian television variety series which aired on ABC during 1958. ABC series typically had shorter seasons than shows on commercial television, which was also the case with Country Style.

It would appear the series aired for more episodes in Sydney than in Melbourne. In Melbourne it aired on Saturdays, while in Sydney it aired on Wednesdays.

Performers who appeared on the series included the Balamindi Harmony Club, singer Pat Spencer, singer Frank Ifield, violinist Geza Bachman dance caller Garry Cohen, singer Myrna Dodd, and singer Geoff Horner

At least a couple episodes of this series still exist, and are held as 16mm kinescope recordings by National Archives of Australia

National Archives of Australia
The National Archives of Australia (NAA), formerly known as the Commonwealth Archives Office and Australian Archives, is an Australian Government agency that is the official repository for all federal government documents. It collects, preserves and provides public access to these documents, as well as other archival material related to Australia that the Archives judge ought to be preserved.

Established under and governed by the Archives Act 1983, the body also has a role in promoting good information management by government agencies. The NAA also develops exhibitions, publishes books and guides to the collection, and delivers educational programs.
Pilot (The Critic)
"Pilot" (also known as "The Critic") is the first episode of the first season of the U.S. animated TV show The Critic, a series created by The Simpsons writers Al Jean and Mike Reiss which ran for the 1994 season. The episode was animated by Film Roman, and aired on ABC, January 26, 1994.

Film Roman
Film Roman, LLC. was an American animation studio based in Burbank, California and later in Woodland Hills, California. The company had several owners including Digital Production Services, Ltd., IDT Entertainment, Starz, Inc. and Waterman Entertainment.

Founded by veteran animator and director Phil Roman on October 26, 1984, it is best known for providing animation for the Garfield primetime specials, based on Jim Davis' comic strip of the same name. The studio also produced the animated series The Simpsons, The Critic, King of the Hill, Family Guy, Wow! Wow! Wubbzy!, The Goode Family, and Dan Vs..
Thomas Spira
Thomas Spira (1923–2005) was Professor of History at the University of Prince Edward Island and editor of the Canadian Review of Studies in Nationalism, the first academic journal devoted to the study of nationalism. Born in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia, Spira moved to the United States just before the outbreak of World War II. He enrolled in the Bachelor of Arts program at the City College of New York in 1964, and later completed his M.A. and Ph.D. in History at McGill University in Montreal. Spira began teaching at the University of Prince Edward Island in 1980, and was named Professor Emeritus by its Board of Governors in 1998.

University of Prince Edward Island
The University of Prince Edward Island (UPEI) is a public university in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada, and the only university in the province. Founded in 1969, the enabling legislation is the University Act, R.S.P.E.I 2000.
BHP Whyalla Tramway
The BHP Whyalla Tramway is a 1067 mm (3 ft 6 in) gauge heavy-haul railway, 112 kilometres (70 miles) long, on the Eyre Peninsula in South Australia. It runs from haematite mines at Iron Monarch, Iron Baron and Iron Duke in the Middleback Range, about 50 kilometres (31 miles) west of Whyalla, to company steelworks at the coastal city of Whyalla. Opened in 1901, it was built by, and until 2000 operated by, BHP. As of 2021 it was owned by Liberty Steel Group and operated on its behalf by rail operator One Rail Australia, which was sold in 2022 to Aurizon.

Liberty Steel Group
Liberty Steel Group Holdings UK Ltd (LSG), which is also referred to as Liberty House or Liberty House UK, is a British industrial and metals company founded in the United Kingdom in 1992 by industrialist Sanjeev Gupta. It is headquartered in London, England, and has offices in Dubai, Singapore, and Hong Kong. The company is a subsidiary of Gupta's GFG Alliance. The holding company of Liberty Steel, Liberty House Group PTE Ltd is based in Singapore.
Poro (opera)
Poro, re dell'Indie ("Porus, King of the Indians", HWV 28) is an opera seria in three acts by George Frideric Handel. The Italian-language libretto was adapted from Alessandro nell'Indie by Metastasio, and based on Alexander the Great's encounter with Porus in 326 BC. The libretto had already been set to music by Leonardo Vinci in 1729 and was used as the text for more than sixty operas throughout the 18th century.

Graham Cummings has examined in detail the composition history of Poro in the context of Handel's work on his London operas during the 1730s, and has postulated the principal time of Handel's composing from September 1730 to 16 January 1731, with small revisions prior to the 2 February premiere.

The opera shifted the story's emphasis from Alessandro to Poro and Cleofide, and their relationship.

Pietro Metastasio
Pietro Antonio Domenico Trapassi (3 January 1698 – 12 April 1782), better known by his pseudonym of Pietro Metastasio (Italian pronunciation: [ˈpjɛːtro metaˈstaːzjo]), was an Italian poet and librettist, considered the most important writer of opera seria libretti.
Enterprise (1863)
The Enterprise was a passenger and freight sternwheeler that was built for service on the Soda Creek to Quesnel route on the upper Fraser River in British Columbia. It was built at Four Mile Creek near Alexandria by pioneer shipbuilder James Trahey of Victoria for Gustavus Blin Wright and Captain Thomas Wright and was put into service in the spring of 1863. Her captain was JW Doane. 
The Enterprise was the first of twelve sternwheelers that would work on this section of the Fraser from 1863 to 1921. Though she was not large, she was a wonderful example of the early craft of shipbuilding. All of the lumber she was built from was cut by hand and her boiler and engines had been brought to the building site at Four Mile packed by mule via the wagon road from Port Douglas, 300 miles away.: 47

Quesnel, British Columbia
Quesnel (/kwəˈnɛl/) is a city in the Cariboo Regional District of British Columbia, Canada. Located nearly evenly between the cities of Prince George and Williams Lake, it is on the main route to northern British Columbia and the Yukon. Quesnel is located at the confluence of the Fraser River and Quesnel River. As of 2021, Quesnel's metropolitan area (census agglomeration) had a population of 23,113 making it one of the largest urban centres between Prince George and Kamloops.

Quesnel is a sister city to Shiraoi, Japan. Quesnel hosted the 2000 BC Winter Games, a biennial provincial amateur sports competition. To the east of Quesnel is Wells, Barkerville, and Bowron Lake Provincial Park, a popular canoeing destination in the Cariboo Mountains.
Kol Ami
Kol Ami ('voice of my people') is the name of several synagogues in the United States:

Kol Ami (Tucson, Arizona)

Congregation Kol Ami of Frederick in Maryland

Congregation Kol Ami (Cherry Hill, New Jersey)

Temple Kol Ami (Fort Mill, South Carolina)

Congregation Kol Ami (Salt Lake City, Utah)

Congregation Kol Ami (Salt Lake City, Utah)
Congregation Kol Ami is a synagogue located in Salt Lake City, Utah, in the United States. The synagogue serves both Reform and Conservative congregations that are respectively affiliated with  the Union for Reform Judaism and the United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism.

According to the synagogue, the building serves as a place of worship for approximately 25% of the Jewish families in Utah.
Vermont Green Party
The Vermont Green Party (VGP) or Vermont Greens formed in 2002 and was a state-level political party in Vermont.

They were formed out of organizing around Ralph Nader's presidential campaigns in 1996 and 2000.  The VGP was one of two established state green parties that refused to place the 2004 national presidential nominee, David Cobb on its ballot line, endorsing Nader's independent campaign instead.  The party ran statewide and local candidates from 2002 to 2010, but was split by internal tensions and both factions dissolved by 2011 and were absorbed back into the Progressive Party.

David Cobb (activist)
David Keith Cobb (born December 24, 1962) is an American political activist who was the Green Party presidential candidate for the 2004 election. Cobb later became the campaign manager for fellow Green Jill Stein for her presidential run in 2016.
Schwabing Art Prize
Since 1961, the Schwabing Art Prize has been awarded annually by the city of Munich to persons or institutions that have their seat in the Munich district Schwabing or whose achievements have been made "in the spirit of Schwabing tradition". It is based on a civic initiative of the writer Florian Seidl and the then Süddeutsche Zeitung co-partner Hans Dürrmeier.

Until 2012, two prizes of 5,000 Euro each as well as an unendowed Honorary Prize were awarded. Donors are the Kulturstiftung der Stadtsparkasse München, Karl Eisenrieder – Cafė Münchner Freiheit, Constantin Film AG and the Landeshauptstadt München. The prize winners are selected by a jury of five members.

In 2013, thanks to a further foundation of the Stadtsparkasse München, three prizes of 5,000 Euro each were awarded for the first time.

Schwabing
Schwabing (German pronunciation: [ˈʃvaːbɪŋ] ⓘ) is a borough in the northern part of Munich, the capital of the German state of Bavaria. It is part of the city borough 4 (Schwabing-West) and the city borough 12 (Schwabing-Freimann). The population of Schwabing is estimated at 100,000, making it one of the largest districts of Munich. The main boulevard is Leopoldstraße. (For further information on the Munich boroughs, see Boroughs of Munich.)
Drain commissioner
A drain commissioner is an elected official in county government of the U.S. state of Michigan who is responsible for planning, developing and maintaining surface water drainage systems under Public Act 40 of 1956. In counties with a population under 12,000, the office of drain commissioner may be abolished with its statutory duties and responsibilities performed by the county's board of road commissioners. Unlike other county-wide officeholders, drain commissioners were created by statute and are not mandated by the Michigan Constitution. Drain commissioners are elected on the partisan ballot in presidential election years for a term of four years.

Partisan (politics)
A partisan is a committed member or supporter of a political party or political movement. In multi-party systems, the term is used for persons who strongly support their party's policies and are reluctant to compromise with political opponents.
Bernie Bernthal
Robert "Bernie" Bernthal is an American retired soccer forward who played professionally in Europe and the United States before becoming a professional skier and mountain climber.

In 1979, Bernthal signed with FC Limoges. He returned to the United States in 1980 and joined the Hartford Hellions of the Major Indoor Soccer League. In October 1981, Bernthal signed with the Pittsburgh Spirit. In 1983, he moved to FC La Chaux-de-Fonds. Bernthal retired in 1984 and became a professional skier and mountain climber. From 1995 to 2001, he worked as the special events coordinator for The Swatch Group. In 2004, he became the European brand director for K2 Sports.

FC La Chaux-de-Fonds
FC La Chaux-de-Fonds is a Swiss football club based in La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland. The club currently play in 1. Liga Classic, the fourth tier of Swiss football. It was founded on 4 July 1894 and used to play at the Stade Charrière.
Death Note: The Musical
Death Note: The Musical is a musical based on the Japanese manga series of the same name by Tsugumi Ohba and Takeshi Obata. The score is by Frank Wildhorn, with lyrics by Jack Murphy and book by Ivan Menchell.

Development for the musical was announced in December 2013. The musical had its world premiere on April 6, 2015, at the Nissay Theatre in Tokyo, Japan, with a Korean production opening the following July, running through August, at the Opera House of Seongnam Arts Center in Seoul.

Tsugumi Ohba
Tsugumi Ohba (Japanese: 大場 つぐみ, Hepburn: Ōba Tsugumi) is the pen name of a Japanese manga writer, best known for authoring the Death Note manga series with illustrator Takeshi Obata from 2003 to 2006, which has 30 million collected volumes in circulation. The duo's second series, Bakuman (2008–2012), was also successful with 15 million in circulation. In 2014, Ohba collaborated with My Little Monster creator Robico for the one-shot "Skip! Yamada-kun". Another series with Obata, Platinum End, was serialized in the monthly Jump SQ from November 4, 2015, to January 4, 2021.
2013 Nanjing Ladies Open
The 2013 Nanjing Ladies Open was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the inaugural edition of the tournament and was part of the 2013 WTA 125K series. It took place in Nanjing, China, on 28 October–3 November 2013.

Xu Yifan
Xu Yifan (Chinese: 徐一璠; pinyin: Xú Yīfán; Mandarin pronunciation: [ɕy̌ í fǎn]; born 8 August 1988), nicknamed Julie, is a Chinese professional tennis player who specializes in doubles. She reached a career-high ranking of No. 7 in doubles, on 13 January 2020. On 13 July 2015, she peaked at No. 148 in the singles rankings.
Protein carbonylation
In biochemistry, protein carbonylation refers to oxidation of the side chains of proteins to introduce ketone (>C=O) and aldehyde (−CH=O) groups in a protein.  The following amino acid residues are affected:

prolyl to pyrrolidone

glutamyl to glutamic semialdehyde

lysyl to aminoadipic acid semialdehyde

threonyl to amino ketobutyric acid

Carbonylation is typically assumed to be the result of reactive oxygen species (ROS) attacking the protein side chain.  ROS species include hydroperoxide or lipic hydroperoxides.  Protein carbonylation is of interest because of its association with various diseases. Oxidative stress, often metal catalyzed, leads to protein carbonylation.

Side chain
In organic chemistry and biochemistry, a side chain is a chemical group that is attached to a core part of the molecule called the "main chain" or backbone. The side chain is a hydrocarbon branching element of a molecule that is attached to a larger hydrocarbon backbone. It is one factor in determining a molecule's properties and reactivity. A side chain is also known as a pendant chain, but a pendant group (side group) has a different definition.