hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William Henry Carter
William Henry Carter (June 15, 1864 – April 23, 1955) was a U.S. representative from Massachusetts.

Born at Needham Heights, Massachusetts, Carter attended public schools.
He graduated from Comers Commercial College, Boston, Massachusetts.
He worked in several capacities at the knit-underwear manufacturing plant of the William Carter Co.
He served as a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives in 1906 and of the Republican State committee in 1907 and 1908.

Carter was elected as a Republican to the Sixty-fourth and Sixty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1915 – March 3, 1919).
He was not a candidate for reelection in 1918.
He was interested in real-estate development.
He was elected president of the William Carter Company in 1918 and continued manufacturing activities until his death.
He died in Needham, Massachusetts, April 23, 1955.
He was interred in Needham Cemetery.

64th United States Congress
The 64th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1915, to March 4, 1917, during the third and fourth years of Woodrow Wilson's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1910 United States census.

The Democrats maintained a majority in both chambers (albeit reduced in the House) and, along with President Wilson, also maintained an overall federal government trifecta.
Methylenecyclopropane
Methylenecyclopropane is an organic compound with the formula (CH2)2C=CH2. It is a hydrocarbon which, as the name suggests, is derived from the addition of a methylene (=CH2) substituent to a cyclopropane ring. It is a colourless, easily condensed gas that is used as a reagent in organic synthesis.

Methylene group
A methylene group is any part of a molecule that consists of two hydrogen atoms bound to a carbon atom, which is connected to the remainder of the molecule by two single bonds. The group may be represented as −CH2− or >CH2, where the '>' denotes the two bonds.

This stands in contrast to a situation where the carbon atom is bound to the rest of the molecule by a double bond, which is preferably called a methylidene group, represented =CH2. Formerly the methylene name was used for both isomers. The name "methylene bridge" can be used for the single-bonded isomer, to emphatically exclude methylidene.  The distinction is often important, because the double bond is chemically different from two single bonds.

The methylene group should be distinguished from the CH2 molecule called carbene. This was also formerly called methylene.
Good neighborliness
Good neighborliness is a general principle of international law with particular importance for the field of international environmental law.  The principle "obligates states to try to reconcile their interests with the interests of neighboring states",  and found expression in a number of 20th Century international legal rulings, most notably the Trail smelter arbitration between the United States and Canada.

Trail, British Columbia
Trail is a city in the western Kootenays region of the Interior of British Columbia, Canada. It was named after the Dewdney Trail, which passed through the area. The town was first called Trail Creek or Trail Creek Landing, and the name was shortened to Trail in 1897.
Christian Leberecht von Prøck
Christian Leberecht von Prøck (1718 – 4 September 1780) was a Danish baron. 
He served as Governor-General of the Danish West Indies colonies from 1756 to 1766. In 1768, Pröck became a diocese commander over Iceland and the Faroe Islands. He died on 4 September 1780 in Copenhagen. The plant genus Prockia is named after him.

Danish West Indies
The Danish West Indies (Danish: Dansk Vestindien), also known as the Danish Virgin Islands (Danish: Danske Jomfruøer) or the Danish Antilles, were a Danish colony in the Caribbean, consisting of the islands of Saint Thomas with 83 square kilometres (32 sq mi), Saint John (Danish: St. Jan) with 49 square kilometres (19 sq mi), Saint Croix with 220 square kilometres (85 sq mi), and Water Island.

Water Island was sold in 1905 to the Danish East Asiatic Company. The islands of St Thomas, St John, and St Croix were purchased by the United States in 1917 and became known as the United States Virgin Islands. Water Island was bought by the US Government in 1944, and became part of the US Virgin Islands in 1996.
Kalevi Kivistö
Kalevi Johannes Kivistö (born 25 March 1941) is a Finnish politician. He was a Member of the Parliament of Finland for the Finnish People's Democratic League (SKDL) 1972–1984, the Deputy Minister of Education 1975–1976 and 1977–1982, and the Minister of Education 1982. Kivistö was also the chairman of the SKDL 1979–1985 and the Governor of Central Finland Province 1985–1997. He ran for the President of Finland in the 1982 and 1988 elections.

Kivistö graduated as a teacher from the University of Jyväskylä in 1966 and studied social science in the University of Helsinki graduating in 1969. In 1964–1984, Kivistö was a teacher and professor in the University of Jyväskylä. After his governor's term, Kivistö worked in the Ministry of Education 1997–2004.

As the SKDL was dissolved in 1990, Kivistö joined its successor Left Alliance. He was a member of the Espoo City Council 2008–2017.

1982 Finnish presidential election
Two-stage presidential elections were held in Finland in January 1982. The public elected presidential electors to an electoral college on 17 and 18 January. They in turn elected the president. The result was a victory for Mauno Koivisto, the first member of the Social Democratic Party to be elevated to the country's highest post, and his election meant the full integration of Social Democrats into Finnish public life and an end to the postwar dominance of the Centre Party.
2019 Ice Speedway of Nations
The 2019 Ice Speedway of Nations was the 41st edition of the FIM's Ice Speedway World Championship for national teams and the first in its re-branding as the Ice Speedway of Nations. The event was held at the Anatoly Stepanov Stadium in Togliatti, Russia.

Russia won their 17th consecutive world title and also won the title for the 37th time (including Soviet Union) during the 41 years that the championships have been held.

Tolyatti
Tolyatti or Togliatti, known before 1964 as Stavropol, is a city in Samara Oblast, Russia. It is the largest city in Russia which is neither the administrative center of a federal subject, nor the largest city of a subject. Population: 684,709 (2021 census); 719,632 (2010 census); 702,879 (2002 census); 630,543 (1989 Soviet census).

The city is best known as the home of Russia's largest car manufacturer AvtoVAZ (Lada). For this reason, Tolyatti is often dubbed "Russia's motor city" or "Russia's Motown" (in reference to Detroit in the United States—the spiritual home of the American automotive industry). It was renamed after Italian communist politician Palmiro Togliatti in 1964, upon his death in the Soviet Union.
Guyon Philips
Guyon Philips (born 15 October 1993, in Arnhem) is a Dutch professional footballer who currently plays as a striker for Víðir. He formerly played for Go Ahead Eagles, FC Oss, FC Volendam, Víkingur Ó., Alta.

Alta IF
Alta Idrettsforening is a sports club from the town of Alta in Alta Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway. The club is most known for its association football department, which played in the 1. divisjon until 2014.The club was newly promoted for the 2008 season; its last stint up to that time in the division came in 2005, when they finished last. The team finished 14th in the 2009 season. In 2012 a new relegation came after finishing last once again. It took them only one year to come back.

They play at Alta Idrettspark, or indoor at Finnmarkshallen when snow and other weather conditions render the pitch unusable. Their attendance record of about 3,000 was set in 1995 against Rosenborg. Notable former players include Trond Fredrik Ludvigsen, Tore Reginiussen and Morten Gamst Pedersen.

On December 11, 2018, Alta I.F signed Bryant Lazaro as the head coach, appointed to start January 1, 2019.
Kenn Borek Air
Kenn Borek Air is an airline based in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. It operates regional passenger and cargo services, contract operations in the Arctic and Antarctic and aircraft leasing. Its main base is at Calgary International Airport. It charters aircraft for scientific expeditions, oil exploration, etc., and operates air ambulance services.

Cessna 185 Skywagon
The Cessna 185 Skywagon is a six-seat, single-engined, general aviation light aircraft manufactured by Cessna.  It first flew as a prototype in July 1960, with the first production model completed in March 1961.  The Cessna 185 is a high-winged aircraft with non-retractable conventional landing gear and a tailwheel.

Over 4,400 were built with production ceasing in 1985. When Cessna re-introduced some of its most popular models in the 1990s, the tailwheel equipped Cessna 180 and 185 were not put back into production.
NGC 1439
NGC 1439 is an elliptical galaxy located in constellation of Eridanus. Situated about 77 million light years away, it is a member of the Eridanus Cluster of galaxies, a cluster of about 200 galaxies. It was discovered by William Herschel on 9 December 1784.

NGC 1439 has a Hubble classification of E1, which indicates it is an elliptical galaxy with no extensions. It is moving away from the Milky Way at a rate of 1,668 km/s. Its size on the night sky is 2.4' x 2.2' which is proportional to its real size of 54 000 ly.

NGC 1439 is an early-type galaxy. Despite their name, early-type galaxies are much older than spiral galaxies, and mostly comprise old, red-colored stars. Very little star formation occurs in these galaxies; the lack of star formation in elliptical galaxies appears to start at the center and then slowly propagates outward.

Most of the galaxies like NGC 1439 are dust poor. However, NGC 1439 contains more dust than usual.

Hubble sequence
The Hubble sequence is a morphological classification scheme for galaxies published by Edwin Hubble in 1926. It is often colloquially known as the Hubble tuning-fork diagram because the shape in which it is traditionally represented resembles a tuning fork.
It was invented by John Henry Reynolds and Sir James Jeans.

The tuning fork scheme divided regular galaxies into three broad classes – ellipticals, lenticulars and spirals – based on their visual appearance (originally on photographic plates). A fourth class contains galaxies with an irregular appearance. The Hubble sequence is the most commonly used system for classifying galaxies, both in professional astronomical research and in amateur astronomy.
Rassylnaya, Kursk Oblast
Rassylnaya (Russian: Рассыльная) is a rural locality (Russian: деревня, lit. 'village') in Voroshnevsky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Kursky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population:  866 (2010 Census); 870 (2002 Census);

Kursky District, Kursk Oblast
Kursky District (Russian: Ку́рский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-eight in Kursk Oblast, Russia. It is located in the center of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,657.29 square kilometers (639.88 sq mi). Its administrative center is the city of Kursk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 54,521 (2021 Census); 54,778 (2010 Census);  56,494 (2002 Census); 56,701 (1989 Soviet census).
Multitape Turing machine
A multi-tape Turing machine is a variant of the Turing machine that uses several tapes. Each tape has its own head for reading and writing. Initially, the input appears on tape 1, and the others start out blank.

This model intuitively seems much more powerful than the single-tape model, but any multi-tape machine—no matter how many tapes—can be simulated by a single-tape machine using only quadratically more computation time. Thus, multi-tape machines cannot calculate any more functions than single-tape machines, and none of the robust complexity classes (such as polynomial time) are affected by a change between single-tape and multi-tape machines.

P (complexity)
In computational complexity theory, P, also known as PTIME or DTIME(nO(1)), is a fundamental complexity class. It contains all decision problems that can be solved by a deterministic Turing machine using a polynomial amount of computation time, or polynomial time.

Cobham's thesis holds that P is the class of computational problems that are "efficiently solvable" or "tractable". This is inexact: in practice, some problems not known to be in P have practical solutions, and some that are in P do not, but this is a useful rule of thumb.
NFL 1990s All-Decade Team
The NFL 1990s All-Decade Team was chosen by voters of the Pro Football Hall of Fame. The team was composed of outstanding performers in the National Football League in the 1990s.

The squad consists of first- and second-team offensive, defensive and special teams units, as well as a first- and second-team head coaches. Only a person's performance in the 1990s was used as criteria for voting.

Bruce Matthews, Jerry Rice, Barry Sanders, Bruce Smith and Reggie White were unanimous choices. Deion Sanders and Mel Gray were the only players to make the team at two positions. Sanders was named first-team cornerback and punt returner while Gray made the second team as both a kick and punt returner. Morten Andersen, Gary Anderson, Sean Landeta, Ronnie Lott, Gary Zimmerman, Jerry Rice, Bruce Smith, and Reggie White were first named to the 1980s All-Decade Team. Larry Allen, Warren Sapp, and Willie Roaf were also named to the 2000s All-Decade Team.

Gary Zimmerman
Gary Wayne Zimmerman (born December 13, 1961) is an American former professional football player who was a Hall of Fame offensive tackle in the National Football League (NFL) and United States Football League (USFL). He earned a Super Bowl ring with the Denver Broncos (Super Bowl XXXII).

Zimmerman was born in Fullerton, California and played scholastically at Walnut High School in the San Gabriel Valley of California. He played collegiately at Oregon, and was a first-team All-American as a senior. He was inducted into the Oregon Sports Hall of Fame in 2002.

Zimmerman played for the Minnesota Vikings from 1986 to 1992 and for the Denver Broncos from 1993 to 1997. He won Super Bowl XXXII with the Broncos against the Green Bay Packers. He was selected to the Pro Bowl seven times and was an All-Pro selection eight times. He was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 2008.
Haitian gourde
The gourde (French: [ɡuʁd]) or goud (Haitian Creole: [ɡud]) is the currency of Haiti. Its ISO 4217 code is HTG and it is divided into 100 centimes (French) or santim (Creole).

The word "gourde" is a French cognate for the Spanish term "gordo", from the "pesos gordos" (also known in English as "hard" pieces of eight, and in French as "piastres fortes espagnoles") in which colonial-era contracts within the Spanish sphere of influence were often denominated.

Cognate
In historical linguistics, cognates or lexical cognates are sets of words that have been inherited in direct descent from an etymological ancestor in a common parent language.

Because language change can have radical effects on both the sound and the meaning of a word, cognates may not be obvious, and it often takes rigorous study of historical sources and the application of the comparative method to establish whether lexemes are cognate.  It can also happen that words which appear similar, or identical, in different languages, are not cognate.

Cognates are distinguished from loanwords, where a word has been borrowed from another language.
Gordie Bruce
Arthur Gordon Bruce (May 9, 1919 – July 15, 1997) was a Canadian professional ice hockey forward who played 28 games in the National Hockey League for the Boston Bruins. He was born in Ottawa, Ontario.

During the 1940-41 season Boston Bruce was called up from the minors to play 7 regular season games. He was with the team during the playoffs, but did not play, so the Boston Bruins did not include his name on the Stanley Cup.

As a member of the Sudbury Wolves he helped Canada win the 1938 World Championships in Prague, Czechoslovakia by scoring 3 goals and 2 assist in 7 games.

Sudbury Wolves
The Sudbury Wolves are an Ontario Hockey League (OHL) ice hockey team based in Sudbury, Ontario, Canada.

Sudbury has had various hockey teams competing at the junior and senior ice hockey levels of the game known as the "Wolves" (or "Cub Wolves") nearly every year since around the time of World War I. The current junior franchise came into existence in 1972 when local businessman Mervin "Bud" Burke purchased the Niagara Falls Flyers and relocated the team to Sudbury.

The current franchise has never won the Memorial Cup, nor has it captured the J. Ross Robertson Cup. Despite this lack of championships, the team has been one of the top development franchises in major junior over its history, with over 120 players drafted in to the National Hockey League (NHL) since 1973. The Wolves have been a central part of Sudbury's history for decades, and the team is among the most iconic junior hockey franchises in all of North America.
Italian Baroque interior design
Italian Baroque interior design refers to high-style furnishing and interior decorating carried out in Italy during the Baroque period, which lasted from the early 17th to the mid-18th century. In provincial areas, Baroque forms such as the clothes-press or armadio continued to be used into the 19th century.

Chair
A chair is a type of seat, typically designed for one person and consisting of one or more legs, a flat or slightly angled seat and a back-rest. It may be made of wood, metal, or synthetic materials, and may be padded or upholstered in various colors and fabrics.

Chairs vary in design. An armchair has armrests fixed to the seat; a recliner is upholstered and features a mechanism that lowers the chair's back and raises into place a footrest; a rocking chair has legs fixed to two long curved slats; and a wheelchair has wheels fixed to an axis under the seat.
Monstera adansonii
Monstera adansonii, the Adanson's monstera, Swiss cheese plant,, five holes plant or Monkey mask plant is a species of flowering plant from family Araceae, which is widespread across much of South America and Central America. Monstera adansonii is classified as a hemiepiphyte vine and can be found in tropical forests with hot and high humidity conditions.

The common name "Swiss cheese plant" is also used for the also very often cultivated species Monstera deliciosa.

Tropical forest
Tropical forests are forested ecoregions with tropical climates – that is, land areas approximately bounded by the tropics of Cancer and Capricorn, but possibly affected by other factors such as prevailing winds.

Some tropical forest types are difficult to categorize. While forests in temperate areas are readily categorized on the basis of tree canopy density, such schemes do not work well in tropical forests. There is no single scheme that defines what a forest is, in tropical regions or elsewhere. Because of these difficulties, information on the extent of tropical forests varies between sources. However, tropical forests are extensive, making up just under half the world's forests. The tropical domain has the largest proportion of the world's forests (45 percent), followed by the boreal, temperate and subtropical domains.

More than 3.6 million hectares of virgin tropical forest was lost in 2018.
"Straightaway" Jazz Themes
"Straightaway" Jazz Themes is an album released by Canadian jazz trumpeter Maynard Ferguson containing music composed for the 1961–1962 television series Straightaway. The album was recorded in 1961 and released by Roulette.

Roulette Records
Roulette Records was an American record company and label founded in 1957 by George Goldner, Joe Kolsky, Morris Levy and Phil Kahl, with creative control given to producers and songwriters Hugo Peretti and Luigi Creatore. Levy was appointed director.

The label had known ties to New York City mobsters. Levy ran the label with an iron fist. In 1958 Roost Records was purchased. Goldner subsequently bowed out of his partnership interest in Roulette and, to cover his gambling debts, sold his record labels Tico, Rama, Gee and—years later—End and Gone to Levy, who grouped them into Roulette. Peretti and Creatore later left Roulette and worked as freelance producers for RCA Victor throughout the 1960s. They co-founded Avco Records in 1969. In 1971 Roulette took over the catalog of Jubilee Records.
Northern deep-brown dart
The northern deep-brown dart (Aporophyla lueneburgensis) is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It was first described by Christian Friedrich Freyer in 1848. It is found in northern and western Europe.

As the common name suggests, this species usually has very dark brown to purplish grey forewings, although paler grey forms exist. There is always a much darker central band, almost black in the darker forms. All the lines and stigmata are very neatly marked and edged in a paler color. By contrast, the hindwings are much paler, often almost pure white in the male, but usually with darker venation. The wingspan is 36–41 mm. It is a decidedly smaller and neater insect than Aporophyla lutulenta. It flies at night during  August and September. It is attracted to light and sugar as well as various flowers.

The larva usually feeds on heather, but has been recorded on other low plants such as bird's-foot trefoil. This species overwinters as a small larva.

Lotus (genus)
Lotus, a latinization of Greek lōtos (λωτός), is a genus of flowering plants that includes most bird's-foot trefoils (also known as bacon-and-eggs) and deervetches. Depending on the taxonomic authority, roughly between 70 and 150 species are accepted, all legumes; American species formerly placed in the genus have been transferred to other genera. Lotus species are found in the Eastern Hemisphere and adapted to a wide range of habitats.

The aquatic plant commonly known as the Indian or sacred lotus is Nelumbo nucifera, a species not closely related to Lotus.
2004–05 Football League Cup
The 2004–05 Football League Cup (known as the Carling Cup for sponsorship reasons) was the 45th staging of the Football League Cup, a knockout competition for England's top 92 football clubs.  The competition name reflects a sponsorship deal with lager brand Carling.

The competition began in August 2004 and ended with the final on 25 February 2005. The Millennium Stadium in Cardiff hosted the final match, as it had done since 2001, with the new Wembley Stadium still not complete.

The winners were Chelsea, beating Liverpool in the final 3–2 thanks to an own goal from Steven Gerrard, and goals in extra-time from Didier Drogba and Mateja Kežman in extra-time after the match finished 1–1.

Carling Brewery
The Carling Brewery was founded in 1840 by Thomas Carling in London, Upper Canada. Carling lager was first sold in the United Kingdom in 1952, and in the early 1980s became the UK's most popular beer brand by volume sold. The company was acquired by Canadian Breweries,  renamed Carling O'Keefe, and merged with the Molson Brewery, which then merged with Coors to form Molson Coors.