hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Amanita roseotincta
Amanita roseotincta is a species of agaric fungus in the family Amanitaceae found in pine and mixed pine-hardwood woodlands in North America. Its fruiting bodies (mushrooms) are characterized by an off-white cap covered with powdery orange volva remnants that quickly fade in color, a bulb-shaped base, a fragile stipe ring, and white gills.

Agaric
An agaric (/ˈæɡərɪk, əˈɡærɪk/) is a type of fungal fruiting body characterized by the presence of a pileus (cap) that is clearly differentiated from the stipe (stalk), with lamellae (gills) on the underside of the pileus. It is a type of mushroom (or toadstool), the diverse group of agarics being lumped together as gilled mushrooms. "Agaric" can also refer more generally to any basidiomycete species characterized by an agaric-type fruiting body.
Sagipa
Sagipa or Zaquesazipa (died 1539, Bosa, New Kingdom of Granada) was the fifth and last ruler (psihipqua) of Muyquytá, currently known as Bogotá, as of 1537. He was the brother of his predecessor Bogotá but the traditional faction of the Muisca considered him an usurper as his nephew Chiayzaque, the cacique of Chía, was the legitimate successor of Tisquesusa. His hoa counterpart in the northern part of the Muisca territory was Quiminza, the last surviving ruler of the Muisca. The daughter of Sagipa, named as Magdalena de Guatavita, married conquistador Hernán Venegas Carrillo, one of the first mestizo marriages in the New Kingdom of Granada.

Sagipa appears with alternative names in the Spanish chronicles; Saquesazippa, Saquezazippa, Sacresasigua, Saxagipa, Sajipa and Zaquezazigua.

Chía, Cundinamarca
Chía is a city and municipality in the department of Cundinamarca in Colombia, located 10 km north of Bogotá on the main road to Zipaquira. Due to its proximity to Bogotá

Its history dates back to the pre-Columbian era. Chia is also known for its gastronomy and its variety of restaurants.

It is also home to the Universidad de la Sabana, one of the most prestigious universities in the country.
Vucub Caquix
Vucub-Caquix (K'iche': Wuqub’ Kaqix, [ʋuˈquɓ kaˈqiʃ], possibly meaning 'seven-Macaw') is the name of a bird demon defeated by the Hero Twins of an ancient Maya myth preserved in an 18th-century K'iche' document, entitled ʼPopol Vuhʼ. The episode of the demon's defeat was already known in the Late Preclassic Period, before the year 200 AD as represented in Stela 2 and Stela 25 of Izapa in Mexico which is its earliest representation and the precedent of the story that was narrated in the Popol Vuh many centuries later. In his appearances, Vucub-Caquix is described as a demon bird and a false sun god with shining eyes that daily sat on a big tree to eat its fruits, he was also the father of Zipacna, an underworld demon deity, and Cabrakan, the Earthquake God.

Kʼicheʼ people
Kʼicheʼ  (pronounced [kʼiˈtʃeʔ]; previous Spanish spelling: Quiché) are Indigenous peoples of the Americas and are one of the Maya peoples. The eponymous Kʼicheʼ language is a Mesoamerican language in the Mayan language family. The highland Kʼicheʼ states in the pre-Columbian era are associated with the ancient Maya civilization, and reached the peak of their power and influence during the Mayan Postclassic period (c. 950–1539 AD).

The meaning of the word Kʼicheʼ in the Kʼicheʼ language is "many trees". The Nahuatl translation, Cuauhtēmallān "Place of the Many Trees (People)", is the origin of the word Guatemala. Quiché Department is also named after them. Rigoberta Menchú Tum, an activist for Indigenous rights who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1992, is perhaps the best-known Kʼicheʼ person.
Fatma Aydemir
Fatma Aydemir (born 1986) is a German author and journalist based in Berlin. She is best known for her novel Ellbogen (Elbow), which won both the 2018 Franz Hessel Prize and the Klaus Michael Kühne prize for best debut novel of 2017.

Carl Hanser Verlag
Carl Hanser Verlag is a German publishing company headquartered in Munich. Founded in 1928 by Carl Hanser, it is one of the few medium-sized publishing companies in the German-speaking area still owned by the founding family.
Wykeham, Ryedale
Wykeham is a hamlet in North Yorkshire, England. It is situated just off the A169 road and is 1.75 miles (2.82 km) north-east of Malton. Wykeham is mentioned in the Domesday Book as wicum, and the name of the hamlet derives from Old English and means [at] the dwellings.

Historically part of the Hundred of Maneshou, later the wapentake of Rydale, it is now part of the civil parish of Malton, and also part of the Thirsk and Malton Constituency. In 1301, the population of Wykeham and Howe was listed as being twelve, in the 2011 census, the population was included in that of Malton civil parish. From 1974 to 2023 it was part of the district of Ryedale, it is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council.

A169 road
The A169 is an A road in North Yorkshire, England. It runs from the A64 at Malton on the edge of the Yorkshire Wolds through the Vale of Pickering and across the North York Moors to join the A171 just west of Whitby. It is a single carriageway for all of its 25-mile (40 km) route. Whilst it is not considered a Primary Route nationally, the Ryedale Local Transport Plan lists it as part of its Major Road Network alongside the A64, A166 and A171.

The moorland section between Pickering and the junction with the A171 can be problematic to travellers during winter when frost, dense fog and heavy snow are common occurrences.
Radical 71
Radical 71 or radical not (无部) meaning "nothing" or "negative" is one of the 34 Kangxi radicals (214 radicals in total) composed of 4 strokes.

In the Kangxi Dictionary, there are 12 characters (out of 49,030) to be found under this radical.

无 is also the 62nd indexing component in the Table of Indexing Chinese Character Components predominantly adopted by Simplified Chinese dictionaries published in mainland China, with 旡 being its associated indexing component.

无 as an individual character is a variant form of 無. In Simplified Chinese, 无 is used as the simplified form of 無.

Chinese character radicals
A radical (Chinese: 部首; pinyin: bùshǒu; lit. 'section header'), or indexing component, is a visually prominent component of a Chinese character under which the character is traditionally listed in a Chinese dictionary. The radical for a character is typically a semantic component, but it can also be another structural component or an artificially extracted portion of the character. In some cases, the original semantic or phonological connection has become obscure, owing to changes in the meaning or pronunciation of the character over time.

The use of the English term radical is based on an analogy between the structure of Chinese characters and the inflection of words in European languages. Radicals are also sometimes called classifiers, but this name is more commonly applied to the grammatical measure words in Chinese.
Milence
Milence (Company name: Commercial Vehicle Charging Europe B.V.) is a European electric vehicle (EV) charging network operator focused on battery-electric heavy-duty vehicles (trucks and coaches). It was founded in 2022 as a joint venture by Daimler Truck, the Traton Group (a subsidiary of the Volkswagen Group), and the Volvo Group to build and operate publicly accessible high-power charging hubs along major freight corridors and logistics routes in Europe (for example TEN-T).

Traton
Traton SE, known as the Traton Group (formerly Volkswagen Truck & Bus AG), is a subsidiary of the Volkswagen Group and one of the world's largest commercial vehicle manufacturers, with its Scania, MAN, International, Volkswagen Truck & Bus, IC Bus and Neoplan brands. The company also has digital services branded as RIO. In 2024, the group sold 334,215 vehicles. The range of products includes light-, medium-, and heavy-duty trucks, as well as vans and buses. As of December 31, 2024, Traton employed around 105,000 people in its commercial vehicle brands.
Avienius
Postumius Rufius Festus Avienius (or Avienus) was a Latin writer of the 4th century AD. He was a native of Volsinii in Etruria, from the distinguished family of the Rufii Festi.

Avienius is not identical with the historian Festus.

Volsinii
Volsinii or Vulsinii (Etruscan: Velzna or Velusna; Greek: Ouolsinioi, Ὀυολσίνιοι; Ὀυολσίνιον), is the name of two ancient cities of Etruria, one situated on the shore of Lacus Volsiniensis (modern Lago di Bolsena), and the other on the Via Clodia, between Clusium (Chiusi) and Forum Cassii (Vetralla). The latter was Etruscan and was destroyed by the Romans in 264 BC following an attempted revolt by its slaves, while the former was founded by the Romans using the remainder of the Etruscan population rescued from the razed city.

Modern Bolsena, Italy, in the region of  Lazio, descends from the Roman city. The location of the Etruscan city is debated. Umbrian Orvieto, about 14 km (8.7 mi) from Bolsena, is a strong candidate.
Copies by Vincent van Gogh
Vincent van Gogh made many copies of other people's work between 1887 and early 1890, which can be considered appropriation art. While at Saint-Paul asylum in Saint-Rémy-de-Provence, France, where Van Gogh admitted himself, he strived to have subjects during the cold winter months.  Seeking to be reinvigorated artistically, Van Gogh did more than 30 copies of works by some of his favorite artists.  About twenty-one of the works were copies after, or inspired by, Jean-François Millet.  Rather than replicate, Van Gogh sought to translate the subjects and composition through his perspective, color, and technique.  Spiritual meaning and emotional comfort were expressed through symbolism and color.  His brother Theo van Gogh would call the pieces in the series some of his best work.

Van Gogh Museum
The Van Gogh Museum (Dutch pronunciation: [vɑŋˈɣɔx mʏˌzeːjʏm]) is a Dutch art museum dedicated to the works of Vincent van Gogh and his contemporaries in the Museum Square in Amsterdam South, close to the Stedelijk Museum, the Rijksmuseum, and the Concertgebouw. The museum opened on 2 June 1973, and its buildings were designed by Gerrit Rietveld and Kisho Kurokawa.

The museum contains the largest collection of Van Gogh's paintings and drawings in the world. In 2017, the museum had 2.3 million visitors and was the most-visited museum in the Netherlands, and the 23rd-most-visited art museum in the world. In 2019, the Van Gogh Museum launched the Meet Vincent Van Gogh Experience, a technology-driven "immersive exhibition" on Van Gogh's life and works, which has toured globally.
Edward Fishman
Edward Fishman is an American author, international relations scholar, and former diplomat who is currently a Senior Research Scholar at the Center on Global Energy Policy and an Adjunct Professor of International and Public Affairs at Columbia University. He is the author of the book Chokepoints: American Power in the Age of Economic Warfare and also holds fellowships at the Center for a New American Security and the Atlantic Council.

Previously, Fishman was a member of the U.S. Secretary of State's Policy Planning Staff and the Russia and Europe Lead in the U.S. State Department's Office of Economic Sanctions Policy and Implementation. He has also served in roles at the U.S. Department of Defense and the U.S. Department of the Treasury. Outside of government, Fishman has been an editor at Foreign Affairs and has written articles in The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, The Atlantic, and Washington Post.

Adjunct professor
An adjunct professor is a type of academic appointment in higher education who does not work at the establishment full-time. The terms of this appointment and the job security of the tenure vary in different parts of the world, but the term is generally agreed to mean a bona-fide part-time faculty member in an adjunct position at an institution of higher education.
Shulpin
Shulpin (or Shul'pin, Russian: Шульпи́н) is a Russian surname. Notable persons with the surname include:

Georgiy Borisovich Shul’pin (born 1946), Russian chemist

Leonid Mikhailovich Shulpin (1905–1941), Russian-Soviet ornithologist

Georgiy B. Shul'pin
Georgiy Borisovich Shul’pin (Russian: Георгий Борисович Шульпи́н, also Shulpin, 22 July 1946 – 3 March 2023) was born in Moscow, Russia. He graduated with a M.S. degree in chemistry from the Chemistry Department of Moscow State University in 1969. Between 1969 and 1972, he was a postgraduate student at the Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds (Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow) under the direction of Prof. A. N. Nesmeyanov and received his Ph.D. in organometallic chemistry in 1975. He received his Dr. of Sciences degree in 2013.
Weak key
In cryptography, a weak key is a key, which, used with a specific cipher, makes the cipher behave in some undesirable way. Weak keys usually represent a very small fraction of the overall keyspace, which usually means that, a cipher key made by random number generation is very unlikely to give rise to a security problem.  Nevertheless, it is considered desirable for a cipher to have no weak keys.  A cipher with no weak keys is said to have a flat, or linear,  key space.

Key schedule
In cryptography, the so-called product ciphers are a certain kind of cipher, where the (de-)ciphering of data is typically done as an iteration of rounds.  The setup for each round is generally the same, except for round-specific fixed values called a round constant, and round-specific data derived from the cipher key called a round key.  A key schedule is an algorithm that calculates all the round keys from the key.
Harbhajan Singh (poet)
Harbhajan Singh (8 August 1920 – 21 October 2002) was an Indian poet, critic, cultural commentator, and translator in the Punjabi-language. Along with Amrita Pritam, Harbhajan is credited with revolutionising the Punjabi poetry writing style. He published 17 collections of poems, including Registan Vich Lakarhara, 19 works of literary history and translated 14 pieces of literature of others including those of Aristotle, Sophocles, Rabindranath Tagore and selections from the Rig Veda.

Sahitya Akademi
The Sahitya Akademi is an organisation recognised as India's "National Academy of Letters", dedicated to the promotion of literature in the languages of India. Founded on 12 March 1954, it is supported by, though independent of, the Indian government. Its office is located in Rabindra Bhavan near Mandi House in Delhi.

The Sahitya Akademi organises national and regional workshops and seminars; provides research and travel grants to authors; publishes books and journals, including the Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature; and presents the annual Sahitya Akademi Award of INR. 100,000 in each of the 24 languages it supports, as well as the Sahitya Akademi Fellowship for lifetime achievement.

The Sahitya Akademi Library is one of the largest multi-lingual libraries in India, with a rich collection of books on literature and allied subjects.

It publishes two bimonthly literary journals: Indian Literature in English and Samkaleen Bharatiya Sahitya in Hindi.
Orgelet
Orgelet (French pronunciation: [ɔʁʒəlɛ] ⓘ; Arpitan: Ourdzelet) is a commune in the Jura department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France. It was created in 1973 by the merger of two former communes: Orgelet-le-Bourget and Sézéria. The town is recognized as a remarkable heritage site (Site patrimonial remarquable). The church Notre-Dame de l'Assomption dates from the 13th-17th century.

Jura (department)
Jura (/ˈ(d)ʒʊərə/ JOOR-ə, ZHOOR-ə; French: [ʒyʁa] ⓘ) is a department in the northeastern French region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté. The department takes its name from the Jura Mountains. Its prefecture is Lons-le-Saunier; subprefectures are Dole and Saint-Claude. In 2019, Jura had a population of 259,199. It has a short portion of the border of Switzerland.
Cassville Post Office
The Cassville Post Office, at 1813 Cassville Rd. (Old Dixie Hwy.) in Cassville, Georgia, was built in 1889.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.

It is a gabled, frame one-story building, about 14 by 25 feet (4.3 m × 7.6 m) in plan, built on a field stone foundation.  Its front has clapboard siding;  its sides and rear have board-and-batten yellow pine siding.

By 2014 it was a museum, the Cassville Museum.  The museum, operated by the Cassville Historical Society, has closed.

Cassville, Georgia
Cassville is an unincorporated community in Bartow County in the U.S. state of Georgia.  It was originally the county seat before the name was changed from Cass County.  The seat was moved to Cartersville after General Sherman destroyed Cassville in his Atlanta campaign of 1864.

Cassville, although no longer incorporated, is said to encompass an area beginning at the Cassville Road-Firetower Road intersection and extending a mile in all directions. Cassville lies in between Adairsville and Cartersville, off U.S. Route 41. It is considered part of metro Atlanta but maintains its small town atmosphere.

Other points of interest include the Cassville History Museum, Cassville Visitors Information, and Cassville Confederate Cemetery, located on Cass-White Road.
Chisindia
Chisindia (Hungarian: Keszend) is a commune in Arad County, Romania.Chisindia lies in the southern part of the Sebiș Basin, at the foot of the Cuedului Hills, and it has a surface of 12928 ha. It is composed of three villages: Chisindia (situated at 92 km from Arad), Păiușeni (Pajzs) and Văsoaia (Vészalja).

Arad County
Arad County (Romanian pronunciation: [aˈrad] ⓘ) is an administrative division (județ) of Romania roughly translated into county in the western part of the country on the border with Hungary, mostly in the region of Crișana and few villages in Banat. The administrative center of the county lies in the city of Arad. The Arad County is part of the Danube–Criș–Mureș–Tisa Euroregion.
Tamati Reedy
Sir Tamati Muturangi Reedy KNZM (born 16 July 1936) is a New Zealand Māori academic and former public servant and rugby union player. He served as secretary of the Department of Maori Affairs between 1983 and 1989, during which time he was involved in the Māori loans affair. He was the foundation dean and professor of the School of Māori and Pacific Development at the University of Waikato in 1996, and was later the professor of Māori sustainable enterprise in the School of Management at Waikato. He was knighted, for services to education, in 2011.

University of Waikato
The University of Waikato (Māori: Te Whare Wānanga o Waikato), established in 1964, is a public research university located in Hamilton, New Zealand. An additional campus is located in Tauranga.
The university performs research in numerous disciplines such as education, social sciences, and management and is an innovator in environmental science, marine and freshwater ecology, engineering, computer science and artificial intelligence.
It offers degrees in health, engineering, computer science, management, Māori and Indigenous Studies, the arts, psychology, social sciences and education.
Apolygus spinolae
Apolygus spinolae is a species of true bug in the Miridae family. It can be found throughout Europe, except for Albania, Estonia, Liechtenstein, Malta, and Portugal.  and not in the extreme south. Then east across the Palearctic to Siberia, and through Central Asia to China and Japan

Miridae
The Miridae are a large and diverse insect family at one time known by the taxonomic synonym Capsidae. Species in the family may be referred to as capsid bugs or "mirid bugs". Common names include plant bugs, leaf bugs, and grass bugs. It is the largest family of true bugs (suborder Heteroptera); it includes over 10,000 known species, and new ones are being described constantly. Most widely known mirids are species that are notorious agricultural pests that pierce plant tissues, feed on the sap, and sometimes transmit viral plant diseases. Some species however, are predatory.
Isaac Asimov Presents The Great SF Stories 9 (1947)
Isaac Asimov Presents The Great SF Stories 9 (1947) is a science fiction anthology edited by Isaac Asimov and Martin H. Greenberg. It is the ninth volume of Isaac Asimov Presents The Great SF Stories, a series of short story collections,  which attempts to list the great science fiction stories from the Golden Age of Science Fiction. They date the Golden Age as beginning in 1939 and lasting until 1963. The book was later reprinted as the first half of Isaac Asimov Presents The Golden Years of Science Fiction, Fifth Series with the second half being Isaac Asimov Presents The Great SF Stories 10 (1948). This volume was originally published by DAW books in February 1983.

Golden Age of Science Fiction
In the history of science fiction, the Golden Age is a period in which the genre is considered to have matured in American science fiction magazines, in particular Astounding Science Fiction—the period is usually referred to as the Golden Age of science fiction as a whole, though sometimes more specifically the Golden Age of Astounding. Its beginning is marked by John W. Campbell's assumption of the editorship of Astounding in the late 1930s. The end date is less agreed upon; it is often placed in the mid-1940s, though different definitions use dates ranging from 1941 to the early 1960s. Historiographically, the Golden Age follows the pulp era and precedes the New Wave.

Other eras have also been referred to as golden ages of science fiction in specific contexts. For instance, the 1950s are considered to be the golden age of science fiction cinema. A common humorous statement is that "The Golden Age of science fiction is twelve" years old, or thereabouts.
Type D submarine
The I-361 class submarine (伊三百六十一型潜水艦, I-san-byaku-roku-jū-ichi-gata Sensuikan), also called Type-D submarine (丁型/潜丁型潜水艦, Tei-gata/Sen-Tei-gata sensuikan) or Sen'yu/Sen'yu-Dai type submarine (潜輸型/潜輸大型潜水艦, Sen'yu-gata/Sen'yu-Ōgata sensuikan) was a type of the 1st class submarine in the Imperial Japanese Navy serving during the Second World War. The type name, was shortened to Yusō Sensuikan Ō-gata (輸送潜水艦大型, Transport Submarine-Large Type).

The I-373 class submarine (伊三百七十三型潜水艦, I-san-byaku-nana-jū-san-gata Sensuikan), also called Type-D Modified submarine (丁型改潜水艦, Tei-gata Kai sensuikan) was different from the I-361 class, however since the I-373 was a development form of the I-361 class, this article describes both of them.

Gakken
Gakken Holdings Co., Ltd. (株式会社学研ホールディングス, Kabushiki-gaisha Gakken Hōrudingusu) is a Japanese publishing company founded in 1947 by Hideto Furuoka, which also produces educational toys. Their annual sales are reported at ¥ 90 billion ($789 million US).

Gakken publishes educational books and magazines and produces other education-related products. For nursery school age children and their caretakers, they produce items such as child care and nursing guides.  For school children, they publish text books, encyclopedias, and science books. Gakken also publishes educational magazines for high school students, as well as school guides for all levels.  Gakken also provides products for playrooms, study rooms, computer rooms and science rooms.

Gakken also publishes general family-oriented and gender-oriented magazines in sports, music, art, history, animation, cooking, and puzzles.