hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Radopholus similis
Radopholus similis is a species of nematode known commonly as the burrowing nematode. It is a parasite of plants, and it is a pest of many agricultural crops. It is an especially important pest of bananas, and it can be found on coconut, avocado, coffee, sugarcane, other grasses, and ornamentals. It is a migratory endoparasite of roots, causing lesions that form cankers. Infected plants experience malnutrition.

Lesion
A lesion is any damage or abnormal change in the tissue of an organism, usually caused by injury or diseases. The term lesion is derived from the Latin laesio, meaning "injury". Lesions may occur in plants and animals.
Noah Kibet
Noah Kibet (born 12 April 2004) is a Kenyan middle-distance runner. He won the silver medal in the men's 800 metres event at the 2022 World Athletics Indoor Championships held in Belgrade, Serbia.

On 11 February 2024, Kibet came in 2nd place to Bryce Hoppel in the Millrose Games Men's 800m, in a time of 1:46.09.

2022 World Athletics Indoor Championships
The 18th World Athletics Indoor Championships were held from 18 to 20 March 2022 in Belgrade, Serbia.

Ethiopia headed the medal table, with 4 gold medals. United States won the most medals, with 19, as well as getting the second highest number of golds, with 3.
Dafydd Williams
Dafydd "David" Rhys Williams (born May 16, 1954) is a Canadian physician, public speaker, CEO, author and retired CSA astronaut. Williams was a mission specialist on two Space Shuttle missions. His first spaceflight, STS-90 in 1998, was a 16-day mission aboard Space Shuttle Columbia dedicated to neuroscience research. His second flight, STS-118 in August 2007, was flown by Space Shuttle Endeavour to the International Space Station. During that mission he performed three spacewalks, becoming the third Canadian to perform a spacewalk and setting a Canadian record for total number of spacewalks. These spacewalks combined for a total duration of 17 hours and 47 minutes.

In 1998, Williams became the first non-American to hold a senior management position within NASA, when he held the position of Director of the Space and Life Sciences Directorate at the Johnson Space Center and Deputy Associate Administrator of the Office of Spaceflight at NASA Headquarters.

ECW Press
ECW Press is a Canadian book publisher located in Toronto, Ontario.  It was founded by Jack David and Robert Lecker in 1974 as a Canadian literary magazine named Essays on Canadian Writing.  They started publishing trade and scholarly books in 1979.

ECW Press publishes a range of books in fiction, non-fiction, poetry, sport, and pop culture. In 2015, Publishers Weekly listed ECW Press as one of the fastest-growing independent publishers in North America.
500th anniversary of the Zaporozhian Sich
The 500th anniversary of the Zaporozhian Sich (Ukrainian: 500-ліття Запорозького козацтва, romanized: 500-littia Zaporozkoho kozatstva) was a group of celebrations organised by the Taras Shevchenko Society for the Ukrainian Language and People's Movement of Ukraine and held in August 1990 to commemorate the 500th anniversary of the founding of the Zaporozhian Sich. The events, which were primarily organised by Ukrainian Sixtier poet Dmytro Pavlychko as well as other dissidents, took place in the southern Dnipropetrovsk and Zaporizhzhia Oblasts, and served as a form of demonstrating Ukrainian nationalism and support for Ukrainian independence from the Soviet Union.

Dnipropetrovsk Oblast
Dnipropetrovsk Oblast (Ukrainian: Дніпропетровська область, romanized: Dnipropetrovska oblast), also commonly known as Dnipropetrovshchyna (Ukrainian: Дніпропетровщина), is an oblast (province) in southeastern Ukraine, the most important industrial region of the country. It was created on February 27, 1932. Dnipropetrovsk Oblast has a population of about 3,096,485 (2022 estimate), approximately 80% of whom live centering on administrative centers: Dnipro, Kryvyi Rih, Kamianske, Nikopol and Pavlohrad. The Dnieper River runs through the oblast.
Gerald Loeb Award winners for Television
The Gerald Loeb Award is given annually for multiple categories of business reporting. The first television awards were given for "Network and Large-Market Television" (1997, 1999–2000), "Other TV Markets" (1997), and "Television" (2001–2002). Subsequent television awards were given in 2003–2011 and broken down into several different categories: "Television Long Form" (2003–2004), "Television Short Form" (2003–2004), "Television Deadline" (2005–2006), "Television Enterprise" (2006–2011), "Television Daily" (2007–2008), "Television Breaking News" (2009–2010).

Dateline NBC
Dateline NBC (also known simply as Dateline) is a weekly American television news magazine reality legal show that is broadcast on NBC and Telemundo. Created in 1992, it was initially the network's flagship general interest news magazine, but evolved to focus mainly on true crime stories with only occasional episodes that focus on other topics. The program airs Fridays at 10:00 p.m. Eastern Time (9:00 p.m. Eastern for special two-hour editions). Special weekend encore editions also air at 9:00 p.m. or 10:00 p.m. (two-hour editions at 7:00 p.m. and 8:00 p.m. depending on the night). One or two-hour feature-length editions sometimes air on any given scheduled evening, often to fill vacancies in the primetime schedule on the program's respective nights due to program cancellations. In February 2021, the program aired its first ever docuseries, "The Widower", a five-hour true crime saga about a man who married six women, four of whom died.
Conservative Party (UK) parliamentary primaries
Since 2009, the Conservative Party in the United Kingdom has experimented with the use of open primaries to select some parliamentary candidates.

The first primaries were held ahead of the 2010 general election. More than a dozen primaries were held ahead of the 2015 general election.

Gosport (UK Parliament constituency)
Gosport (/ˈɡɒspɔːrt/ GOS-port) is a parliamentary constituency represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2010 by Caroline Dinenage of the Conservative Party. The constituency is anchored by the town and borough of Gosport.
Eduardo Testa
Eduardo Testa is a Brazil-born soccer player who represented the USA in the first ever FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup in Rio de Janeiro 2005. Testa played both group matches against Japan and Portugal and scored one goal in the competition.

2005 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup
The 2005 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup was the first edition of the FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup, an international beach soccer competition contest by men's national teams and organized by FIFA. Overall, it was the 11th edition of a world cup in beach soccer since its establishment with the first Beach Soccer World Championships in 1995. It took place in at Copacabana Beach in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, between 8 and 15 May.

France defeated Portugal 1–0 in a penalty shootout, following a 3–3 draw after extra-time, to win their first title.
Savković, Ljubovija
Savković (Serbian Cyrillic: Савковић) is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Ljubovija municipality, in the Mačva District of Central Serbia. The village had a Serb ethnic majority and a population of 321 in 2002.

Mačva District
The Mačva District (Serbian: Мачвански округ, romanized: Mačvanski okrug, pronounced [mǎtʃʋanskiː ôkruːɡ]) is one of administrative districts of Serbia. It lies in the western part of Serbia, in the geographical regions of Mačva, Podrinje, Posavina, and Pocerina. According to the 2022 census, it has a population of 265,377 inhabitants. The administrative center of the Mačva District is the city of Šabac.
Cleveland County Sheriff's Office (Oklahoma)
Cleveland County Sheriff's Office is the chief law enforcement agency in Cleveland County, Oklahoma, with primary jurisdiction in the unincorporated areas of the county. Consisting of over 194 employees including deputies, detention staff and support personnel, the Office serves a population of over 275,000 people. The office is headed by Sheriff Chris Amason, a Republican, elected and taking office in November 2020.

Law enforcement agency
A law enforcement agency (LEA) is any government agency responsible for law enforcement within a specific jurisdiction through the employment and deployment of law enforcement officers and their resources. The most common type of law enforcement agency is the police, but various other forms exist as well, including agencies that focus on specific legal violations or are organized and overseen by certain authorities. They typically have various powers and legal rights to allow them to perform their duties, such as the power of arrest and the use of force.
Es de Velasco
Es de Velasco, or mostly just known as "Velasco", was a chain of high-end department stores operating in Puerto Rico. The chain was later bought out by its main competitor González Padín in 1991 and closed in 1995.

Manatí, Puerto Rico
Manatí (Spanish pronunciation: [manaˈti]) is a city and municipality of Puerto Rico on the northern coast. It is north of Morovis and Ciales, east of Florida and Barceloneta, and west of Vega Baja. Manatí has over 8 barrios and Manatí barrio-pueblo, the downtown area and the administrative center of the city. It is part of the San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Yidiel Contreras
Yidiel Islay Contreras García (born 27 November 1992) is a Spanish hurdler of Cuban origin. He represented Spain at the 2015 World Championships and 2016 World Indoor Championships. His personal bests are 13.35 seconds in the 110 metres hurdles (-1.0 m/s, La Roche-sur-Yon 2015) and 7.64 seconds in the 60 metres hurdles (Łódź 2016).

60 metres hurdles
60 metres hurdles is a distance in hurdling which is generally run in indoor competitions. It is equivalent with the first 5 hurdles of a standard outdoor hurdle race. The current women's and men's world records are 7.65 seconds (Devynne Charlton) and 7.27 seconds (Grant Holloway), respectively.
Nicholas Lens
Nicholas Lens Noorenbergh (born 1957) is a Belgian composer of contemporary music, particularly known for his operas. His work is published by Schott Music and Mute Song and distributed by Universal Music Group and Sony BMG. In 2020 Lens signed with Deutsche Grammophon.
He lives alternately in Brussels and Venice, and has one daughter, the Berlin-based painter Clara-Lane Lens

J. M. Coetzee
John Maxwell Coetzee AC FRSL OMG (born 9 February 1940) is a South African and Australian novelist, essayist, linguist, and translator. The recipient of the 2003 Nobel Prize in Literature, Coetzee is one of the most critically acclaimed and decorated authors in the English language. He has won the Booker Prize (twice), the CNA Literary Award (thrice), the Jerusalem Prize, the Prix Femina étranger, and The Irish Times International Fiction Prize, and holds a number of other awards and honorary doctorates.

Coetzee moved to Australia in 2002 and became an Australian citizen in 2006. He lives in Adelaide, South Australia. He is patron of the J. M. Coetzee Centre for Creative Practice at the University of Adelaide. His most recently published book is The Pole and Other Stories (2023).
Grant Forrest
Grant Forrest (born 19 June 1993) is a Scottish professional golfer. He plays on the European Tour, and won the 2021 Hero Open. Forrest had a successful amateur career which included being runner-up in the Amateur Championship and playing in the 2015 Walker Cup.

Hainan Open
The Hainan Open is a golf tournament on the Challenge Tour, beginning in 2016, held at the Sanya Luhuitou Golf Club in Hainan, China.

The event was played in 2014 and 2015 as part of PGA Tour China. Since 2017 it has been part of the China Tour. The 2014 event was held at Sanya Luhuitou Golf Club while in 2015 it was held at Dragon Valley Golf Course.
John Hope College Prep
John Hope College Preparatory High School (JHCP) (locally known simply as John Hope) was a public 4–year high school and former middle school located in the Englewood neighborhood on the south side of Chicago, Illinois, United States. Opened in 1971, Hope was operated and owned by the Chicago Public Schools district. The school was named for African-American educator and religious leader John Hope. Hope shared its campus with Kipp Bloom College Prep School, a neighborhood charter middle school that opened for the 2013–14 school year.

Englewood, Chicago
Englewood is a neighborhood and community area located on the South Side of Chicago, Illinois, United States. It is also the 68th of the 77 community areas in the city. At its peak population in 1960, over 97,000 people lived in its approximately 3 square miles (7.8 km2), but the neighborhood's population has since dropped dramatically. In 2000, it had a population of approximately 40,000 inhabitants, and the 2010 census indicated that its population has further declined to approximately 30,000. Englewood is bordered by Garfield Boulevard to the north, 75th Street to the south, Racine Avenue to the west, and an irregular border that bends along the Metra Railroad Tracks to the east. On the southwest side of Chicago lies West Englewood, which is generally lumped in with Englewood by Chicagoans. Englewood, a low-income African-American community, has a high rate of foreclosed properties due to the area's population drop.
Cobhams Asuquo
Cobhams Asuquo (Efik pronunciation: [ˈko̞bʱäms äsˈuːku:wo̞]) (born January 6, 1981) is a Nigerian musician, producer, and songwriter. After working as Head of Audio Productions at a local label, Questionmark Entertainment, he set up his own recording facility in 2006. He is the former CEO/Head of Productions of CAMP (Cobhams Asuquo Music Productions), which he co-managed with Bez Idakula and Stan Iyke.

Simi (singer)
Simisola Bolatito Kosoko Listenⓘ (née Ogunleye; born April 19, 1988), better known as Simi, is a Nigerian singer, songwriter, and actress. She started her career as a gospel singer, releasing her debut studio album in the year 2008, titled Ogaju. She gained public recognition in 2014 after releasing "Tiff", a song that was nominated for Best Alternative Song at The Headies 2015. Simi signed a record deal with X3M Music in 2014, but left the label in May 2019 following the expiration of her contract. She released her second studio album, Simisola, on September 8, 2017. Her third studio album, Omo Charlie Champagne, Vol. 1, was released to coincide with her thirty-first birthday on April 19, 2019. Simi launched her record label Studio Brat in June 2019. She was a judge on season 7 of Nigerian Idol in 2022.
2013 Venezuelan municipal elections
Municipal elections were held in Venezuela to elect 337 mayors and 2,455 local councillors for their respective 2013-2017 terms. Originally planned for 14 April 2013, due to the death of President Hugo Chávez and the announcement of a new presidential election to be held on that date, the municipal elections were rescheduled for 8 December 2013. That date, 8 December 2013, was later announced by the president of the National Electoral Council, Tibisay Lucena.

National Electoral Council (Venezuela)
The National Electoral Council (Spanish: Consejo Nacional Electoral, CNE) is the head of one of the five branches of government of Venezuela under its 1999 constitution. It is the institution that has the responsibility of overseeing and guaranteeing the transparency of all elections and referendums in Venezuela at the local, regional, and national levels. The creation of the CNE was ratified in Venezuela's 1999 constitutional referendum. Following the election of Nicolás Maduro into the presidency, the CNE has been described, by the president's opponents, as being pro-Maduro.
Jacolby Satterwhite
Jacolby Satterwhite (born 1986, South Carolina) is an African American queer contemporary artist who creates immersive installations. He has exhibited work at the Minneapolis Institute of Art, the Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago, Louis Vuitton Foundation in Paris, the New Museum and the Museum of Modern Art, New York, the Institute of Contemporary Art, Philadelphia, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, and the Pérez Art Museum Miami. He is based in Brooklyn, New York.

Whitney Biennial
The Whitney Biennial is a biennial exhibition of contemporary American art organized by the Whitney Museum of American Art in New York City. The event began as an annual exhibition in 1932; the first biennial was held in 1973. It is considered the longest-running and most important survey of contemporary art in the United States. The Biennial helped bring artists including Georgia O'Keeffe, Jackson Pollock, and Jeff Koons, among others to prominence.
East Harlem Purple Gang
The East Harlem Purple Gang was a gang and organized crime group in New York City consisting of Italian-American hit-men and heroin dealers who were semi-independent from the Italian-American Mafia and, according to federal prosecutors, dominated heroin distribution in East Harlem, Italian Harlem, and the Bronx during the 1970s and early 1980s. Though mostly independent of the Mafia and not an official Mafia crew, the gang was originally affiliated with and worked with the Lucchese crime family and later with the Bonanno crime family and Genovese crime family. It developed its "closest ties" with the Genovese family, and its remnants or former members became part of the Genovese family's 116th Street Crew.

Gang
A gang is a group or society of associates, friends, or members of a family with a defined leadership and internal organization that identifies with or claims control over territory in a community and engages, either individually or collectively, in illegal, and possibly violent, behavior, with such behavior often constituting a form of organized crime.
Guilt (The Long Blondes song)
"Guilt" is the second and last single to be taken from The Long Blondes' second album "Couples". It was released on 30 July 2008 as a limited edition 2-track 7" vinyl only.

The video for Guilt is set in a dog show. The band agreed to their suggestion to set the video in a dog show after receiving numerous literal interpretations of the lyrics. It was accompanied by one b-side called "Melville Farr" which is based on Dirk Bogarde's character in the 1961 British film Victim.

"Guilt" was well received by critics and fans alike, with some critics calling it their most accomplished effort to date. The single reached number 24 in the UK Indie Chart. The song did really well considering the lack of promotion, airplay and Dorian Cox being ill at the time of release.

"Good as Gold" is the only song by The Long Blondes not to be sung by Kate Jackson. It is sung by bassist Reenie Hollis.

Victim (1961 film)
Victim is a 1961 British neo-noir suspense film directed by Basil Dearden and starring Dirk Bogarde and Sylvia Syms. The first British film to explicitly name homosexuality and deal with it sympathetically, it premiered in the UK on 31 August 1961 and in the US the following February.

On its release in the United Kingdom, the film proved highly controversial to the British Board of Film Censors, and in the US it was refused a seal of approval from the American Motion Picture Production Code. Despite this, it received acclaim and is now regarded as a British classic, and it has been credited with liberalising attitudes towards homosexuality in Great Britain.
Counterintelligence failures
Countries with major counterintelligence failures are presented alphabetically. In each case, there is at least one systemic problem with seeking penetration agents when few or none may actually have existed, to the detriment of the functioning of the national service involved.

Many of the individuals named have separate articles in Wikipedia. The emphasis here is on both national-level counterespionage problems, and how the individuals eluded detection.

James Bamford
James Bamford (born September 15, 1946) is an American author, journalist and documentary producer noted for his writing about United States intelligence agencies, especially the National Security Agency (NSA). The New York Times has called him "the nation's premier journalist on the subject of the National Security Agency" and The New Yorker named him "the NSA's chief chronicler."

In 2006, he won the National Magazine Award for Reporting for his writing on the war in Iraq published in Rolling Stone.

In 2015 he became the national security columnist for Foreign Policy magazine and he also writes for The New Republic.  His book, The Shadow Factory: The Ultra-Secret NSA From 9/11 to the Eavesdropping on America, became a New York Times bestseller and was named by The Washington Post as one of "The Best Books of the Year."
Aist (river)
The Aist is a river in Upper Austria, a left tributary of the Danube. It drains an area of 636 km2 (246 sq mi).

The Aist is formed in Hohensteg (south of Pregarten) by the confluence of its source rivers the Feldaist (52 km) and the Waldaist (58 km). The Aist proper is 13.7 km (8.5 mi) long. The Aist, Feldaist and Waldaist flow through the protected Natura 2000 site Waldaist-Naarn (Fauna-Flora-Habitat Area).

Upper Austria
Upper Austria (German: Oberösterreich [ˈoːbɐˌ(ʔ)øːstɐraɪç] ⓘ; Bavarian: Obaöstareich; Czech: Horní Rakousy [ˈɦorɲiː ˈrakousɪ]) is one of the nine states of Austria. Its capital is Linz. Upper Austria borders Germany and the Czech Republic, as well as the other Austrian states of Lower Austria, Styria, and Salzburg. With an area of 11,982 km2 (4,626 sq mi) and 1.49 million inhabitants, Upper Austria is the fourth-largest Austrian state by land area and the third-largest by population.
Black cicadabird
The black cicadabird (Edolisoma melas), also known as the New Guinea cuckooshrike or New Guinea cicadabird, is a species of bird in the family Campephagidae.  It is found in the Aru Islands and New Guinea.  Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest and subtropical or tropical mangrove forest.

Cuckooshrike
The cuckooshrikes and allies in the family Campephagidae are small to medium-sized passerine bird species found in the subtropical and tropical Africa, Asia and Australasia. The 107 species are divided into 11 genera. The woodshrikes (Tephrodornis) were often considered to be in this family but are now placed in their own family, Vangidae, along with the philentomas and the flycatcher-shrikes. Another genus, Chlamydochaera, which has one species, the black-breasted fruithunter, was often placed in this family but has now been shown to be a thrush (Turdidae).
Public schemes for energy efficient refurbishment
Public plans for energy efficient refurbishment are put in place by states to encourage building owners to renovate their properties in a way that increases their energy performance. As financing represents the most important obstacle to this type of renovation, the plans favour financial incentives in the form of loans or grants. Various institutions can be involved in the process, such as ministries, banks, firms, or energy services companies (ESCOs).

A number of countries have implemented such plans: the United States, France, Belgium, Germany, the United Kingdom, Australia, Estonia, and others.

Government of Wallonia
The Government of Wallonia (French: Gouvernement de Wallonie, pronounced [ɡuvɛʁnəmɑ̃ də walɔni])   or Walloon Government (French: Gouvernement wallon, pronounced [ɡuvɛʁnəmɑ̃ walɔ̃]) is the executive branch of Wallonia and one of the six governments in Belgium. It is located in Namur, where the Parliament of Wallonia is also seated.