hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wuhan French International School
Wuhan French International School (French: Ecole Française Internationale de Wuhan, EFIW; Chinese: 武汉法国国际学校) is a French international school in Wuhan, China. It is adjacent to Jianghan University, in Hanyang District. It directly teaches toute petite section through CM2, while it uses the distance education programme from the National Centre for Distance Education (CNED) until terminale S (final year of lycée or senior high school/sixth form college).

National Centre for Distance Education
The National Centre for Distance Education (Centre national d'enseignement à distance or Cned in French) is a French public institution under the oversight of the Department of Education dedicated to providing distance learning material. It is the largest university in Europe by number of students.

It was created in 1939 and has been providing on-line material since the mid-1990s. The 3000 programs it offers range from kindergarten to university level. In 2022, about 350,000 students were registered, 30,000 living outside France. Of these, approximately 245,000 are higher education students ranging from polytechnic through to masters level. CNED offer the opportunity to study at a high level, while living in any country, or travelling around the globe. Students can study with books, or online (computer equipment used to study online is easier to carry when travelling).
John Seden
John Seden (1840–1921) was a hybridist and horticulturist best known for the hybrids he created while in the employment of Veitch Nurseries. He was trained in hybridizing by John Dominy in 1861. In 1873 he began hybridizing tuberous begonias which in turn formed the basis from which modern garden begonias are derived.

Begonia
Begonia  is a genus of perennial flowering plants in the family Begoniaceae. The genus contains more than 2,000 different plant species, distributed primarily across tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, Asia, and Central and South America, with Africa considered the center of origin. Some species are commonly grown indoors as ornamental houseplants in cooler climates, or cultivated outside in summertime for their bright colorful flowers, which have petals but no sepals.
Emil Voigt (gymnast)
Emil Voigt (December 15, 1879 – February 26, 1946) was an American gymnast who competed in the 1904 Summer Olympics.

In 1904 he won the silver medal in the club swinging event and bronze medals in the rings event and rope climbing event. He was also fourth in the gymnastics team event, 42nd in the gymnastics triathlon event, 60th in the gymnastics all-around event, and 85th in the athletics triathlon event. He was a member of the Concordia Turnverein in St. Louis.

Gymnastics at the 1904 Summer Olympics – Men's club swinging
The men's club swinging was an artistic gymnastics event held as part of the gymnastics programme at the 1904 Summer Olympics. It was the only time the club swinging event was held, though an "Indian clubs" competition was held at the 1932 Summer Olympics. An unknown number of gymnasts competed, only three are known. The competition was held on Friday, October 28, 1904.
Stella Heiß
Stella Heiß (born 15 January 1993 in Cologne) is a German curler from Garmisch-Partenkirchen. She played lead for Andrea Schöpp when she represented Germany at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Curling. At seventeen years, she was the youngest curler at the Games.

She is the daughter of former German ice hockey goaltender Josef Heiß.

Garmisch-Partenkirchen
Garmisch-Partenkirchen (German pronunciation: [ˈɡaʁmɪʃ paʁtn̩ˈkɪʁçn̩] ⓘ; Bavarian: Garmasch-Partakurch) is an Alpine ski town in Bavaria, southern Germany. It is the seat of government of the district of Garmisch-Partenkirchen (abbreviated GAP), in the Oberbayern region, which borders Austria. Nearby is Germany's highest mountain, Zugspitze, at 2,962 metres (9,718 ft) above sea level.

The town is known as the site of the 1936 Winter Olympic Games, the first to include alpine skiing, and hosts a variety of winter sports competitions.
Léon Pressouyre
Léon Pressouyre (27 January 1935 – 10 August 2009) was a French historian of medieval art.

An agrégé of history, he was a member of the École française de Rome (1964–1966). Attached then maître de recherches at the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, he was professor of art history and archaeology of the Middle Ages at the University Paris I from 1980 to 1997.

He was permanent advisor of the International Council on Monuments and Sites of the UNESCO (1980–2005).

Léon Pressouyre was a member of the Société des Antiquaires de France.

Agrégation
In France, the agrégation (French pronunciation: [aɡʁeɡasjɔ̃] ⓘ) is the most competitive and prestigious examination for civil service in the French public education system. Successful candidates become professeurs agrégés ([pʁɔfesœʁ(z‿)aɡʁeʒe]) and are usually appointed as teachers in secondary schools or preparatory classes, or as lecturers in universities.
Delhi Public School, Bhopal
Delhi Public School (DPS), Neelbad, Bhopal, is a public secondary school run jointly by the Delhi Public School Society and the Jagran Social Welfare Society. Started in 2000 by Shri Gurudev Gupta, it is a co-educational day and boarding school with 7000+ students spread across its campus at Bhadbhada Road, Bhopal, India.

Delhi Public School (DPS), Neebad, Bhopal is affiliated to the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) and the Indian Public Schools' Conference (IPSC).

Indian Public Schools' Conference
Indian Public Schools Conference was established in 1939. The Indian Public Schools are an independent and private institutions of secondary education. Top notch boarding and day-cum boarding and the Sainik and Military Schools form part of this school conference. Therefore, these schools are considered private schools.  These 77 schools have an independent board of governors. Their aim is to facilitate all around development of students through emphasis on both academics and extra-curricular activities.
Getting the Last Laugh
Getting the Last Laugh was a comedy TV movie special produced by the Landsburg Company, and first broadcast on the ABC network in 1985. It consisted of multiple segments with humorous tips to get revenge on the things that annoy us in everyday life. Guest stars included Danny Thomas, Shirley Jones, Rona Barrett, Ray Parker Jr., Jerry Mathers, and Barbara Billingsley. It was written by Fred Willard and Shelley Ross. In one segment, Ray Parker Jr. reprises his hit Ghostbusters theme ("Who you gonna call?") in a parody poking fun at uncooperative machines, with cameo appearances by Richard Simmons, Hervé Villechaize, Barbara Billingsley, and Rene Auberjonois.

Shirley Jones
Shirley Mae Jones (born March 31, 1934) is an American actress and singer. In her six decades in show business, she has starred as wholesome characters in a number of musical films, such as Oklahoma! (1955), Carousel (1956), and The Music Man (1962). She won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for playing a vengeful prostitute in Elmer Gantry (1960). She played the lead role of Shirley Partridge, the widowed mother of five children, in the musical situation-comedy television series The Partridge Family (1970–1974), which co-starred her real-life stepson, David Cassidy, son of Jack Cassidy.
Holt District Court
Holt District Court (Norwegian: Holt tingrett) was a district court in Aust-Agder county, Norway. The court was based in the town of Tvedestrand. The court existed from 1852 until 2004. It had jurisdiction over the municipalities of Gjerstad, Risør, Tvedestrand, and Vegårshei. Cases from this court could be appealed to Agder Court of Appeal.

The court was a court of first instance. Its judicial duties were mainly to settle criminal cases and to resolve civil litigation as well as bankruptcy. The administration and registration tasks of the court included death registration, issuing certain certificates, performing duties of a notary public, and officiating civil wedding ceremonies. Cases from this court were heard by a combination of professional judges and lay judges.

Trial court
A trial court or court of first instance is a court having original jurisdiction, in which trials take place. Appeals from the decisions of trial courts are usually heard by higher courts with the power of appellate review (appellate courts). Most appellate courts do not have the authority to hear testimony or take evidence, but instead rule solely on matters of law.

In the trial court, evidence and testimony are admitted under the rules of evidence established by applicable procedural law and determinations called findings of fact are made based on the evidence. The court, presided over by one or more judges, makes findings of law based upon the applicable law. In most common law jurisdictions, the trial court often sits with a jury and one judge; in such jury trials, the jury acts as trier of fact. In some cases, the judge or judges act as triers of both fact and law, by either statute, custom, or agreement of the parties; this is referred to as a bench trial.
Mahindra Renault
Mahindra Renault Limited was a joint venture between India's largest utility vehicle manufacturer Mahindra & Mahindra Limited & Renault S.A. of France (51% & 49% respectively). The joint venture was formed in 2007. On 15 April 2010 Mahindra & Mahindra and Renault together announced restructuring plans by which Mahindra would buy Renault's share in the joint venture and Renault would continue to provide the support for M&M through license agreement and continue to be supplier of key components.

Utility vehicle
A utility vehicle (UV) is a vehicle, generally motorized, that is designed to carry out a specific task with more efficacy than a passenger vehicle. It sometimes refers to a small truck with low sides.
Patrick Goyette
Patrick Goyette (born September 16, 1965) is a Canadian actor from Quebec, most noted for his starring roles in the films The Confessional (Le Confessionnal) and Polygraph (Le Polygraphe).

He was a Dora Mavor Moore Award nominee for Best Leading Actor (General Theatre) in 1996, for his performance in the stage play The Seven Streams of the River Ota.

He directed the 2005 short film J'te laisserai pas tomber, which was a Jutra Award nominee for Best Live Action Short Film at the 7th Jutra Awards. He has also directed the short films Le Secret (2000) and Faits divers (2010).

Dora Mavor Moore Award for Best Leading Actor (General Theatre)
The Dora Mavor Moore Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male in a Principal Role - Play is an annual award celebrating achievements in live Canadian theatre.

The award was discontinued after 2018, and merged with the award for Best Leading Actress (General Theatre) into a single gender-neutral award for Best Leading Performer (General Theatre).
Op. 25
In music, Op. 25 stands for Opus number 25. Compositions that are assigned this number include:

Beethoven – Serenade for flute, violin and viola

Berlioz – L'enfance du Christ

Brahms – Piano Quartet No. 1

Britten – String Quartet No. 1

Chausson – Poème

Chopin – Études Op. 25

D'Indy – Symphony on a French Mountain Air

Dohnányi – Variations on a Nursery Tune

Dvořák – Vanda

Elgar – The Black Knight

Enescu – Violin Sonata No. 3

Holst – Sāvitri

Klebe – Die Räuber

Kosenko – Twenty-four Pieces for Children

Mendelssohn – Piano Concerto No. 1

Prokofiev – Symphony No. 1

Rachmaninoff – Francesca da Rimini

Rubinstein – Piano Concerto No. 1

Sarasate – Carmen Fantasy

Schoenberg – Suite for Piano

Schubert – Die schöne Müllerin

Schumann – Myrthen, twenty-six songs (4 books)

Strauss – Guntram

Szymanowski – Hagith

Twenty-four Pieces for Children
Twenty-four Pieces for Children (also 24 Pieces for Children), Op. 25, is a 1936 romantic piano composition written in all twenty-four major and minor tonalities by Ukrainian pianist and composer Viktor Kosenko. Naturally treated with techniques of folk polyphony, it was published as Op. 15 in 1938, but later corrected by the publisher of his collection Musiczna Ukraina. It is still an obligatory set of compositions specifically for children learning the piano in conservatoires and piano schools across the country by holding a significant place in today's Ukrainian pedagogical repertoire as one of the most popular collections for children.
Ulyap
Ulyap (Russian: Уляп; Adyghe: Улап) is a rural locality (an aul) and the administrative center of Ulyapskoye Rural Settlement of Krasnogvardeysky District, Adygea, Russia. The population was 1,186 in 2018. There are 20 streets.

Adygea
Adygea (/ˌɑːdɪˈɡeɪə/ AH-dig-AY-ə), officially the Republic of Adygea or the Adygean Republic, is a republic of Russia. It is situated in the North Caucasus of Eastern Europe. The republic is a part of the Southern Federal District, and covers an area of 7,600 square kilometers (2,900 sq mi), with a population of roughly 500,731 residents  as at 2025. It is an enclave within Krasnodar Krai and is the fifth-smallest Russian federal subject by area. Maykop is the capital and the largest city of Adygea, home to one-third of the republic's population.

Adygea is one of Russia's ethnic republics, primarily representing the indigenous Circassian people who form 25% of the Republic's population, while Russians form a majority at 60%, and with minority populations of Armenians and Ukrainians. The official languages of Adygea are Adyghe and Russian.
Victoria Boys' School (Kurseong)
Victoria Boys' School is a Heritage Government run English medium boys boarding school offering I.C.S.E. (Delhi Council) in the hill town of Kurseong, Darjeeling, India founded in 1879.

It is among the oldest schools in India.

Indian Certificate of Secondary Education
The Indian Certificate of Secondary Education (ICSE) is an academic qualification awarded by the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations, a private, non-governmental board of education in India. The CISCE conducts these examinations to assess students' performance in a course of general education, offered through the medium of English, and aligned with the recommendations of the New Education Policy 2020. The board facilitates these examinations for affiliated schools across various states and union territories, ensuring standardized evaluation and representation.
Boxing at the 1972 Summer Olympics – Lightweight
The men's lightweight event was part of the boxing programme at the 1972 Summer Olympics. The weight class allowed boxers of up to 60 kilograms to compete. The competition was held from 27 August to 10 September 1972. 37 boxers from 37 nations competed.

Jan Szczepański (boxer)
Jan Antoni Szczepański (20 November 1939 in Małecz – 15 January 2017 in Warsaw) was a Polish boxer, who won the gold medal in the lightweight division (– 60 kg) at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany. In the final he defeated Hungary's László Orbán on points (5:0).

Szczepański died on 15 January 2017, after a long illness.
Political history of Mysore and Coorg (1761–1799)
The political history of Mysore and Coorg (1761–1799) is the political history of the contiguous historical regions of Mysore State and Coorg province on the Deccan Plateau in west-central peninsular India from the time of the rise of Haidar Ali in 1761 to that of the death of his son Tipu Sultan in 1799.

Anglo-Mysore wars
The Anglo-Mysore wars were a series of four wars fought during the last three decades of the 18th century between the Kingdom of Mysore on the one hand, and the British East India Company (represented chiefly by the neighbouring Madras Presidency), Maratha Empire, Kingdom of Travancore, and the Kingdom of Hyderabad on the other. Hyder Ali and his succeeding son Tipu Sultan fought the wars on four fronts: with the British attacking from the west, south and east and the Nizam's forces attacking from the north. The fourth war resulted in the overthrow of the house of Hyder Ali and Tipu (the latter was killed in the fourth war, in 1799), and the dismantlement of Mysore to the benefit of the East India Company, which took control of much of the Indian subcontinent.
Codex Petropolitanus Purpureus
The Codex Petropolitanus Purpureus ("Purple Codex of Saint Petersburg"), designated by N or 022 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts), ε19 (in the von Soden numbering of New Testament manuscripts), is a Greek New Testament codex containing the four Gospels written on parchment. Using the study of comparative writing styles (palaeography), it has been assigned to the 6th century CE.

Codex Petropolitanus Purpureus, along with the manuscripts Codex Beratinus (Φ), Sinope Gospels (O), and Rossano Gospels (Σ), belongs to the group of the Purple Uncials. The manuscript has many gaps.

Tyrian purple
Tyrian purple (Ancient Greek: πορφύρα porphúra; Latin: purpura), also known as royal purple, imperial purple, imperial dye, or simply tyrian, is a reddish-purple natural dye. The name Tyrian refers to the city of Tyre in ancient Phoenicia (modern-day Lebanon). It is secreted by several species of predatory sea snails in the family Muricidae, rock snails originally known by the name Murex (Bolinus brandaris, Hexaplex trunculus and Stramonita haemastoma). In ancient times, extracting this dye involved tens of thousands of snails and substantial labour, and as a result, the dye was highly valued. The coloured compound is 6,6'-dibromoindigo.
John Riggi
John Riggi is an American television writer, producer, director, and actor who has worked on various television shows.  He is from Cincinnati, Ohio.  He attended high school at Elder High School, in Cincinnati, OH, and graduated from the University of Cincinnati in 1978 with a degree in biology.

He has worked as a writer on the NBC comedy series 30 Rock. He was nominated for the Writers Guild of America Award for Best Comedy Series at the February 2009 ceremony for his work on the third season of 30 Rock.

Television director
A television director is in charge of the activities involved in making a television program or section of a program. They are generally responsible for decisions about the editorial content and creative style of a program, and ensuring the producer's vision is delivered. Their duties may include selecting cast members, conduct rehearsals, work with set designers, location scouts and art directors, originating program ideas, finding contributors, writing scripts, planning 'shoots', ensuring safety, leading the crew on location, directing contributors and presenters, and working with editors and music supervisors to assemble and make sure the final product meets the producer and director's vision. The work of a television director can vary widely depending on the nature of the program, the practices of the production company, whether the program content is factual or drama, and whether it is live or recorded.
Joyal's extension and lifting theorems
In mathematics, Joyal's theorem is a theorem in homotopy theory that provides necessary and sufficient conditions for the solvability of a certain lifting problem involving simplicial sets. In particular, in higher category theory, it proves the statement "an ∞-groupoid is a Kan complex", which is a version of the homotopy hypothesis.

The theorem was introduced by André Joyal.

André Joyal
André Joyal (French: [ʒwajal]; born 1943) is a professor of mathematics at the Université du Québec à Montréal who works on category theory. He was a member of the School of Mathematics at the Institute for Advanced Study in 2013, where he was invited to join the Special Year on Univalent Foundations of Mathematics.
Kovel (surname)
Kovel is a surname. Notable people with the surname include

Andi Kovel (born 1969), American artist and designer

Joel Kovel (1936–2018), American eco-socialist author and academic

Leonid Kovel (born 1986), Belarusian footballer

Maksim Kovel (born 1999), Belarusian footballer

Ralph and Terry Kovel, American authors

Joel Kovel
Joel Stephen Kovel (August 27, 1936 – April 30, 2018) was an American psychiatrist, scholar, human rights activist, and author known as a founder of eco-socialism. Kovel became a psychoanalyst, but he abandoned psychoanalysis in 1985.
Mandjelia exasperans
Mandjelia exasperans is a species of mygalomorph spider in the Barychelidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 1994 by Australian arachnologists Robert Raven and Tracey Churchill. The specific epithet exasperans refers to the exasperation of the author when confronted with yet another new species to describe.

Robert Raven
Robert John Raven is an Australian arachnologist, being the Head of Terrestrial Biodiversity and the Senior Curator (Arachnida) at the Queensland Museum. Dr Raven has described over 450 species of spider in Australia and elsewhere, and is spider bite consultant to the Royal Brisbane Hospital, leading to much work on spider toxins.
Historical recurrence
Historical recurrence is the concept that, in the study of history, similar events are sometimes found to re-occur. The concept has been applied to various levels of human history, from the rise and fall of empires, to patterns in the history of a given polity, to any two specific events which bear a striking similarity.

In his book The Idea of Historical Recurrence in Western Thought, G. W. Trompf traces historically recurring patterns of political thought and behavior in the West since antiquity.

London Review of Books
The London Review of Books (LRB) is a British literary magazine published semimonthly that features articles and essays on fiction and non-fiction subjects, which are usually structured as book reviews.
Micromechanics
Micromechanics (or, more precisely, micromechanics of materials) is the analysis of heterogeneous materials including of composite, and anisotropic and orthotropic materials on the level of the individual constituents that constitute them and their interactions.

Homogeneity and heterogeneity
Homogeneity and heterogeneity are concepts relating to the uniformity of a substance, process or image. A homogeneous feature is uniform in composition or character (i.e., color, shape, size, weight, height, distribution, texture, language, income, disease, temperature, radioactivity, architectural design, etc.); one that is heterogeneous is distinctly nonuniform in at least one of these qualities.
Pir Bakran mausoleum
The Pir Bakran mausoleum (Persian: آرامگاه پیربکران) is a historical mausoleum in Pir Bakran, the capital of Pir Bakran District. The mausoleum dates back to the Ilkhanid era. The names of The Rashidun Caliphs on its inscriptions show that the building belongs the early times of the conversion of mongols to islam and they were still sunnite. The courtyard of the mausoleum is surrounded by walls, small iwans and the arched portals of the main iwan and decorated by some inscriptions with Kufic scripts and stuccoes with the form of flowers and bushes, which are the works of Mohammad Naghash. Mohammad ebn-e Bakran's grave is located behind the courtyard. On the northern side of it, there's a small closed room, which was probably his teaching place. The mausoleum is decorated with stuccoes and tiles.

Portal (architecture)
A portal is an opening in a wall of a building, gate or fortification, especially a grand entrance to an important structure.

Doors, metal gates, or portcullis in the opening can be used to control entry or exit. The surface surrounding the opening may be made of simple building materials or decorated with ornamentation. The elements of a portal can include the voussoir, tympanum, an ornamented mullion or trumeau between doors, and columns with carvings of saints in the westwork of a church.