hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hack/reduce
hack/reduce is a 501(c)(3) non-profit created to cultivate a community of big data experts in the Boston area.  It is located in the historic Kendall Boiler and Tank Company building in Kendall Square in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

It was founded by serial entrepreneurs Christopher P. Lynch and Frederic Lalonde in May 2012. At its founding, hack/reduce raised more than $500,000 from local venture capital firms and Samuel Madden. It has partnerships with MIT, CSAIL, Bentley University. and Harvard. Sponsors include Microsoft, IBM, GoGrid, Massachusetts Technology Collaborative, Dell, Atlas Venture, Bessemer Venture Partners, Hopper, Bright Spark Ventures, Google, and others.

In June 2012, Massachusetts Governor Deval Patrick announced the Massachusetts Big Data Initiative which comprised corporate, academic, and government programs as well as a $50,000 grant and the state's support for hack/reduce.

Samuel Madden (computer scientist)
Samuel R. Madden (born August 4, 1976) is an American computer scientist specializing in database management systems. He is a professor of computer science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Since 2024, he has been the head of computer science in the EECS department at MIT.
Ali Tounsi
Ali Tounsi (Arabic: علي تونسي) (died February 25, 2010) was the Chief of Algeria's national police force between 1994 and 2010.  He was shot dead in his office in Algiers by a senior police official, with whom he was arguing at the time.  The official, said to be the chief of national police schools, was described as having acted during "an attack of madness".  One source stated that other nearby officers returned fire; others indicated that it was Tounsi himself who wounded his attacker.  The official statement released by the Interior Ministry said that the gunman had shot himself and was taken to a hospital.  Two other people were said to have been injured in the attack.  An inquiry into the killing has been opened.

At the time of his death Tounsi had been the chief of the National Police for over a decade. He was buried at the El Alia Cemetery.

Chief of police
A chief of police (COP) is an appointed official or an elected one in the chain of command of a police department, particularly in North America. A chief of police may also be known as a police chief or sometimes just a chief, while some countries favour other titles such as commissioner or chief constable. A police chief is appointed by and answerable to a state or local government.
Nancy Qian
Nancy Qian (born in Shanghai, China) is a Chinese American economist and currently serves as the James J. O'Connor Professor of economics at the Kellogg School of Management MEDS and a Professor by Courtesy at the Department of Economics at Northwestern University. Her research interests include development economics, political economy and economic history. She is a leading development economist and an expert of autocracies and the Chinese economy.

National Bureau of Economic Research
The National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) is an American private nonprofit research organization "committed to undertaking and disseminating unbiased economic research among public policymakers, business professionals, and the academic community." The NBER is known for proposing start and end dates for recessions in the United States.

Many chairpersons of the Council of Economic Advisers were previously NBER research associates, including the former NBER president and Harvard professor Martin Feldstein. The NBER's current president and CEO is James M. Poterba of MIT.
Charles Hunter (physician)
Charles Hunter MRCS LSA (1835 – 8 August 1878) was an English physician best known for coining the word "hypodermic" and for realising that injections of morphine could relieve pain anywhere in the body, regardless of where the injection was delivered.

Worshipful Society of Apothecaries
The Society of Apothecaries of London is one of the livery companies of the City of London. It is one of the largest livery companies (with over 1,600 members in 2012) and ranks 58th in their order of precedence.

The Society is a member of the London Museums of Health & Medicine and its guild church is the Church of St Andrew-by-the-Wardrobe.
The Society's modern roles include educational, charitable and social activities, in addition to supporting the City of London, its governance and the Lord Mayor of the City of London.
Operation Boswilger
Operation Boswilger (English: Operation Bush Willow) was a military operation executed by the South West Africa Territorial Force in June 1985 during the South African Border War and Angolan Civil War. The SADF soldiers pursued SWAPO's, PLAN insurgents, who had attacked infrastructure, out of South West Africa/Namibia across the border into Angola.

SWAPO
The South West Africa People's Organisation (SWAPO /ˈswɑːpoʊ/; Afrikaans: Suidwes-Afrikaanse Volks Organisasie, SWAVO; German: Südwestafrikanische Volksorganisation, SWAVO), officially known as the SWAPO Party of Namibia, is a political party and former independence movement in Namibia (formerly South West Africa). Founded in 1960, it has been the governing party in Namibia since the country achieved independence in 1990. The party continues to be dominated in number and influence by the Ovambo ethnic group.

SWAPO held a two-thirds majority in parliament from 1994 to 2019. In the general election held in November 2019, the party won 65.5% of the popular vote and 63 out of the 104 seats in the National Assembly. It also holds 28 out of the 42 seats in the National Council. From November 2017 until his death in February 2024, Namibian President Hage Geingob remained the president of SWAPO after being elected to the position at the party's electoral congress.
Iblin, Syria
Iblin (Arabic: أبلين), also spelled Ibleen, is a village in the Arihah District in the Idlib Governorate in Syria. It is located in the Zawiya Mountain. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Iblin had a population of 2,949 in the 2004 census.

Jabal Zawiya
Mount Zāwiya (Arabic: جبل الزاوية, romanized: Jabal az-Zāwiyah) or Mount Rīḥā (Arabic: جبل ريحا, romanized: Jabal Rīḥā) (also in medieval times: Banī-ʻUlaym Mountain (Arabic: جبل بني عليم, romanized: Jabal Banī-ʻUlaym)) is a highland region in Idlib Governorate in northwestern Syria. Around 36 towns and villages exist in the Mount Zawiya region. The biggest towns are Rīḥā (Arīḥā) and Maʻarrat an-Nuʻmān.
Clark County Courthouse (Washington)
The Clark County Courthouse is a historic office building in Vancouver, Washington, United States, that houses the judicial courts and other facilities for Clark County. The five-story concrete building was designed by Day Walter Hilborn in the Art Deco and Art Moderne styles and constructed at a cost of $546,000. The courthouse was dedicated by Washington governor Arthur B. Langlie on November 29, 1941, with thousands attending the open house.

The courthouse is the fourth to be used by Clark County and was built at the site of the previous courthouse, which was built in 1892. The building includes terrazzo-style floors and ornamental fittings; a bas-relief sculpture above the front entrance was damaged during a power-washing operation in 1978. The Clark County Courthouse was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2014.

Vancouver, Washington
Vancouver (/væn.ˈkuː.vər/ ⓘ van-KOO-vər) is a city in Clark County, Washington, United States, located on the north bank of the Columbia River. It had a population of 190,915 at the 2020 census, making it the fourth-most populous city in Washington. Founded in 1825 and incorporated in 1857, the city was originally established around Fort Vancouver, a fur trading outpost, and is situated directly north of Portland, Oregon, along the Washington–Oregon state line. Vancouver serves as the county seat of Clark County and is part of the Portland metropolitan area.
Department of Prison
Department of Prison is a department of the Ministry of Home Affairs responsible for the management and security of prisons in Bangladesh and is located in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Bangladesh Jail falls under its administration which is headed by Inspector General of Prison Brigadier General Syed Muhammad Motahar Hussain.

Syed Muhammad Motahar Hussain
Syed Muhammad Motahar Hussain is a brigadier general of the Bangladesh Army and the inspector general of prisons of the Bangladesh Jail, overseeing all prisons in Bangladesh. He is the former director general of Bangladesh Krira Shikkha Protishtan.

Hussain was appointed head of Bangladesh Jail on 11 August 2024 after the fall of the Sheikh Hasina led Awami League government. He was the Director General of the Bangladesh Krira Shikkha Protishtan. During the movement against Sheikh Hasina, 11 prisons under the Bangladesh Jail were attacked, and about 2000 prisoners escaped. He had the important role of restoring order across the prison system of Bangladesh. Several high-profile militants and criminals were subsequently released on bail. Numerous former Ministers and members of parliament affiliated with the Awami League were detained and sent to jail.
Dancing with the Stars (American TV series) season 8
Season eight of Dancing with the Stars premiered on Monday, March 9, 2009, on the ABC network.

The show generally followed the format of previous seasons, with thirteen couples, although there were some changes, including two new dances, the Argentine tango and Lindy Hop, and an occasional dance-off between the bottom two couples, in order to determine who would be eliminated.

Olympic gymnast Shawn Johnson and Mark Ballas were crowned the champions, while Gilles Marini and Cheryl Burke finished in second place, and Melissa Rycroft and Tony Dovolani finished third.

Carrie Ann Inaba
Carrie Ann Inaba (born January 5, 1968) is an American television personality, dancer, choreographer, actress, and singer. She is best known for her work on ABC's Dancing with the Stars for which she has served as a judge since 2005. She co-hosted and moderated the CBS Daytime talk show The Talk from 2019 to 2021. She started her career as a singer in Japan, but became best known for her dancing, introducing herself to American audiences as one of the original Fly Girls on the Fox sketch comedy series In Living Color from 1990 to 1992.
Xoʻjaobod
Xoʻjaobod (Uzbek Cyrillic: Хўжаобод, pronounced [χɵˌdʒaɒˈbɒt], romanized: Khojaabad), or formerly Khodzhaabad (Russian: Ходжаабад), is a town in Andijan Region, Uzbekistan. It is the administrative center of Xoʻjaobod District. Its population was 12,831 in 1989, and 20,200 in 2016.

Xoʻjaobod is the site of the Dustlik border crossing leading to Osh, Kyrgyzstan, which has been unused in recent years.

Osh
Osh (English: /ɒʃ/, Kyrgyz: [Ош] ⓘ, Russian: [Ош]) is the second-largest city in Kyrgyzstan, located in the Fergana Valley in the south of the country. It is often referred to as the "capital of the south". It is the oldest city in the country (estimated by UNESCO to be more than 3,000 years old) and has served as the administrative center of Osh Region since 1939. The city has an ethnically mixed population of 322,164 in 2021, comprising  Kyrgyz, Uzbeks, Ukrainians, Koreans, and other smaller ethnic groups.
Désiré de Haerne
Désiré de Haerne (4 July 1804 – 22 March 1890) was a Catholic priest, who was one of the signers of the Belgian constitution. He also founded the St John's Catholic School for the Deaf, which today is located in Boston Spa, West Yorkshire, and he was for a time director of the Royal Institution for Deaf (and Dumb Girls) in Brussels, Belgium.

Ypres
Ypres (/ˈiːprə/ EE-prə, French: [ipʁ] ⓘ;  Dutch: Ieper [ˈipər] ⓘ; West Flemish: Yper; German: Ypern [ˈyːpɐn] ⓘ) is a Belgian city and municipality in the province of West Flanders. Though 
the Dutch name Ieper is the official one, the city's French name Ypres is most commonly used in English. The municipality comprises the city of Ypres/Ieper and the villages of Boezinge, Brielen, Dikkebus, Elverdinge, Hollebeke, Sint-Jan, Vlamertinge, Voormezele, Zillebeke, and Zuidschote. Together, they are home to about 34,900 inhabitants.

During the First World War, Ypres (or "Wipers" as it was commonly known by the British troops) was the centre of the Battles of Ypres between German and Allied forces.
Thomas Xenakis
Thomas Xenakis (Greek: Θωμάς Ξενάκης; March 30, 1875 – July 7, 1942) was a Greek gymnast.  He competed at the 1896 Summer Olympics in Athens. He was born in Naxos and died in Orange, California, United States.

Xenakis competed in the rope climbing event.  He and countryman Nikolaos Andriakopoulos were the only two out of the five entrants to climb all the way to the top of the 14 metre rope.  Xenakis' time is unknown, though it was slower than 23.4 seconds, which was Andriakopoulos's winning time.

He won his second silver medal as a member of the Greek gymnastics team in the parallel bars event.

Naxos (city)
Naxos (Greek: Νάξος), commonly referred to as Chora (Greek: Χώρα, meaning 'town'), is a city and a former municipality on the island of Naxos, in the Cyclades, Greece. The community has 8,897 inhabitants (2021 census). It is located on the west side of Naxos Island in the Cyclades island group in the Aegean. It was an important centre of bronze age Cycladic culture and an important city in the ancient Greek Archaic Period. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality of Naxos and Lesser Cyclades, of which it is the seat and a municipal unit.
Gözleme
Gözleme is a savory Turkish stuffed turnover. The dough is usually unleavened, and made only with flour, salt and water, but gözleme can be made from yeast dough as well. It is similar to bazlama, but is lightly brushed with butter or oil, whereas bazlama is prepared without fat. The dough is rolled thin, then filled with various toppings, sealed, and cooked over a griddle. Gözleme may sometimes be made from prepackaged hand-rolled leaves of yufka dough.

Fillings for gözleme are numerous and vary by region and personal preference, and include a variety of meats (minced beef, chopped lamb, fresh or smoked seafood, sujuk, pastirma), vegetables (spinach, zucchini, eggplant, leek, chard, various peppers, onion, scallion, shallot, garlic), mushrooms (porcino, chanterelle, truffle), tubers (potatoes, yams, radish), cheeses (feta, Turkish white cheese (beyaz peynir), lavaş, çökelek, kasseri, and kashkaval), as well as eggs, seasonal herbs, and spices.

Geographical regions of Turkey
Marmara region

Black Sea region

Aegean region

Mediterranean region

Central Anatolia region

Eastern Anatolia region

Southeastern Anatolia region

The geographical regions of Turkey comprise seven regions (Turkish: bölge), which were originally defined at the country's First Geography Congress in 1941. The regions are subdivided into 31 sections (Turkish: bölüm), which are further divided into numerous areas (Turkish: yöre), as defined by microclimates and bounded by local geographic formations.

"Regions" as defined in this context are merely for geographic, demographic, and economic purposes and do not refer to an administrative division.
Lucia Moholy
Lucia Moholy (née Schulz; 18 January 1894 — 17 May 1989) was a photographer and publications editor. Her photos documented the architecture and products of the Bauhaus, and introduced their ideas to a post-World War II audience. However, Moholy was seldom credited for her work, which was often attributed to her husband László Moholy-Nagy or to Walter Gropius.

Courtauld Institute of Art
The Courtauld Institute of Art (/ˈkɔːrtəʊld/) is a self-governing college of the University of London specialising in the study of the history of art and conservation.

The art collection is known particularly for its French Impressionist and Post-Impressionist paintings, and is housed in the Courtauld Gallery. The Courtauld is based in Somerset House, in the Strand in London. In 2019, the Courtauld's teaching and research activities temporarily relocated to Vernon Square, London, while its Somerset House site underwent a major regeneration project.
Rivière aux Montagnais
The Rivière aux Montagnais is a tributary of the southeast bank of the Moncouche River, flowing in the Laurentides Wildlife Reserve, in the unorganized territory of Lac-Jacques-Cartier, in the La Côte-de-Beaupré Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Capitale-Nationale, in the province from Quebec, to Canada.

Forestry is the main economic activity in this valley; recreational tourism, second.

The surface of the Montagnais river (except the rapids zones) is usually frozen from the end of November to the beginning of April, however the safe circulation on the ice is generally done from mid-December to the end of March.

Capitale-Nationale
Capitale-Nationale (French pronunciation: [kapital nɑsjɔnal]; English: National Capital region) is one of the 17 administrative regions of Quebec. It is anchored by the provincial capital, Quebec City, and is largely coextensive with that city's metropolitan area. It has a land area of 18,684.78 km2. It reported a total resident population of 757,950 as of the 2021 Canadian census, with Quebec City having 77.7 percent of the total.

It was established in 1966 as one of the original administrative regions of Quebec. Prior to January 2000, it was known as the Québec administrative region.
The Girl from Alaska
The Girl from Alaska is a 1942 American Western film directed by Nick Grinde and William Witney and starring Ray Middleton, Jean Parker and Jerome Cowan. It follows a would-be prospector who becomes involved in a plot to steal from old prospector, but falls in love with his daughter instead.

The film's sets were designed by the art director Russell Kimball. It had its theatrical releases first in USA, then Mexico and Portugal in 1942, 1943 and 1944 respectively.

William Witney
William Nuelsen Witney (May 15, 1915 – March 17, 2002) was an American film and television director. He is best remembered for the action films he made for Republic Pictures, particularly serials: Dick Tracy Returns, G-Men vs. the Black Dragon, Daredevils of the Red Circle, Zorro's Fighting Legion, and Drums of Fu Manchu. Prolific and pugnacious, Witney began directing while still in his 20s, and continued working until 1982.
The Impostor (hello goodbye)
The Impostor (hello goodbye) is a 2003 Canadian short experimental film by video artist Daniel Cockburn, one of several works commissioned for The Colin Campbell Sessions and inspired by the makings of video art pioneer Colin Campbell for the Tranz Tech festival. Cockburn's video draws formally on Campbell's style while at the same time metaphorically expresses the artist's anxiety in making the video itself.

Making the Video
Making the Video is an MTV show consisting of half-hour episodes chronicling the process of filming various music videos. Usually the director outlines the concept of the video (or treatment) and the show often includes light-hearted and humorous moments. It always concludes with a premiere of the finished video. The show premiered on June 28, 1999, and ended in 2010.

MTV2 aired a similar show entitled [Name of Band/Artist] Makes a Video that featured artists such as 50 Cent, Fall Out Boy, Dashboard Confessional, Evanescence, and Mos Def among others.
KUYO
KUYO (830 AM) is a Classic Christian format radio station licensed to Evansville, Wyoming. The station can be heard in 14 Wyoming counties, and as far away as southwestern Wyoming during the daytime.
The station signs off at night to protect WCCO in Minneapolis as well as other stations on 830 kHz. The tower for the station is located three miles east-northeast of Evansville, not far from KTWO.
Despite signing off at local sunset, the station continues to broadcast programming online. KUYO has been heard by DXers as far away as 4,000 miles (6,437 km) in Finland.

Evansville, Wyoming
Evansville is a town in Natrona County, Wyoming, United States. It is part of the Casper, Wyoming Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 2,746 at the 2020 census.

Evansville is the location of the Oregon Trail State Veterans Cemetery.
Skejby Church
Skejby Church (Danish: Skejby Kirke) is a church in Skejby Parish in Aarhus, Denmark. The parish lies in Aarhus N three kilometers north-west of Aarhus city centre on the outskirts of the urban area. The parish has 816 inhabitants of which 655 are members of the Church of Denmark.

Skejby
Skejby is a neighbourhood and former village in Aarhus, Denmark. The neighbourhood is part of the city district Aarhus N.

The Skejby village was originally situated in the countryside north of Aarhus, overlooking the broad flat Egå Valley, but urban development has engulfed it, creating a new suburban neighbourhood by the same name. The old village is still distinctly visible, surrounding the old white village church. Archaeological excavations have revealed, that Skejby has been settled since the early Iron Ages (c. 500 BC), but finds from the Stone Age has also been unearthed. Søften and Lisbjerg north of Skejby, are important archaeological sites.
Ed McIntyre
Edward Marlow McIntyre Sr. (November 16, 1931 – August 14, 2004) became the first African American mayor of Augusta, Georgia, in 1981. He had previously served as a county commissioner for Richmond County since 1970, as the first black candidate to win the office. He received a U.S. federal conviction for extortion in 1984. He maintained he was innocent. After his release in 1985, he mounted three unsuccessful campaigns for the mayoralty, in 1990, 1998 and 2002.

A graduate of Morehouse College, McIntyre worked for the Pilgrim Health Life Insurance Company before entering politics.

Richmond County, Georgia
Richmond County is located in the state of Georgia in the U.S. As of the 2020 census, the population was 206,607. It is one of the original counties of Georgia, created on February 5, 1777. Following an election in 1995, Augusta (the county seat) consolidated governments with Richmond County. The consolidated entity is known as Augusta-Richmond County, or simply Augusta. Exempt are the cities of Hephzibah and Blythe, in southern Richmond County, which voted to remain separate. Richmond County is included in the Augusta-Richmond County, GA-SC metropolitan statistical area.
Miller's Tavern, Virginia
Miller's Tavern, Virginia (often Millers Tavern) is a small community located on the border of Essex County and King and Queen County, Virginia, United States.

The community is located at the junction of U.S. Route 360 with Routes 620 and 684.

The ZIP code for the community is 23115.

Watt's Supermarket is a landmark in the community.

Woodlawn was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

King and Queen County, Virginia
King and Queen County is a county in the U.S. state of Virginia, located in the state's Middle Peninsula on the eastern edge of the Richmond, VA, metropolitan area. As of the 2020 census, the population was 6,608. Its county seat is King and Queen Court House.
Lopburi Line
Lopburi Line is a railway line of Greater Bangkok Commuter rail, operated by State Railway of Thailand (SRT). The line is all double track. There are seven commuter train services on the line. Main destinations such as Rangsit, Ayutthaya, and Lopburi.

Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya (city)
Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya (Thai: พระนครศรีอยุธยา, pronounced [pʰráʔ ná(ʔ).kʰɔ̄ːn sǐː ʔā.jút.tʰā.jāː]), commonly known locally as Ayutthaya, is the capital of Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya province in Thailand. It lies on an island at the confluence of the Chao Phraya and Pa Sak rivers. Ayutthaya was the capital of the Ayutthaya Kingdom and, between the 14th and 18th centuries, grew into one of the world's largest cities and a major hub of diplomacy and commerce, before its destruction during the Burmese invasion of 1767.

Today, Ayutthaya is a major centre of cultural tourism, while the surrounding area forms part of Thailand's industrial and transport corridor north of Bangkok; its historic core is protected as the Ayutthaya Historical Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.