hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dimethyl sulfide
Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) or methylthiomethane is an organosulfur compound with the formula (CH3)2S. It is the simplest thioether and has a characteristic disagreeable odor. It is a flammable liquid that boils at 37 °C (99 °F). It is a component of the smell produced from cooking of certain vegetables (notably maize, cabbage, and beetroot) and seafoods. It is also an indication of bacterial contamination in malt production and brewing. It is a breakdown product of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), and is also produced by the bacterial metabolism of methanethiol.

Flammable liquid
A flammable liquid is a liquid which can be easily ignited in air at ambient temperatures, i.e. it has a flash point at or below nominal threshold temperatures defined by a number of national and international standards organisations.

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) of the United States Department of Labor defines a liquid as flammable if it has a flash point at or below 93 °C (199.4 °F). Prior to bringing regulations in line with the United Nations Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS) in 2012, OSHA considered flammable liquids to be those with a flash point below 37.8 °C (100.0 °F). Those with flash points above 37.8 °C/100 °F and below 93.3 °C (199.9 °F) were classified as combustible liquids. Studies show that the actual measure of a liquid's flammability, its flash point, is dependent on the local air pressure, meaning that at higher altitudes where the air pressure is lower, the flash point is also lower.
Manor MRT07
The Manor MRT07 (also known as the Manor MRT06) was a Formula One car built by Manor Racing, which was to be used in the 2017 Formula One season. The MRT07 was never completely built due to lack of sufficient financial resources.

In 2017, the Manor team came under the control of the administrators of FRP Advisory, and after the announcement of its liquidation, a photo of the car in a smaller size was published. Two racing car chassis were built. Due to the difficult financial situation of the team, at the beginning of January, the team started work on a modification of the previous season's car called MRT05B. The car was tested in the wind tunnel of the Mercedes team, and work on the car was suspended when an investor could not be found to buy the team.

Dave Ryan (motorsport)
David James Ryan (born 12 May 1954 in New Zealand) is the former sporting director of the McLaren Formula One team and former racing director of the Manor Formula One team. He spent 35 years with McLaren until he left in April 2009 and set up VonRyan Racing to compete in GT racing.
Stephen Kiprotich
Stephen Kiprotich ("KIP-roh-tich", born 27 February 1989) is a Ugandan long-distance runner. He is an Olympic marathon champion, having won the gold medal at the 2012 London Olympics. Kiprotich also won a gold at the 2013 World Championships in Athletics. After Ethiopia's Gezahegne Abera, he is the second person to follow an Olympic marathon title with a world championship gold medal for the same event.

Kiprotich became 2012 Olympic champion with a winning time of 2:08:01 in hot, sunny, and humid conditions. This was the first Olympic medal for Uganda since 1996, the first Olympic gold medal for the country since 1972, and the country's first-ever medal in the marathon. He won the Moscow IAAF Championship marathon on 17 August 2013.

Uganda at the Olympics
Uganda first participated at the Olympic Games in 1956, and has sent athletes to compete in every Summer Olympic Games since then, except for the boycotted 1976 Summer Olympics.  Uganda has never competed at the Winter Olympic Games.

Ugandan athletes have won a total of thirteen medals, all in athletics and boxing.

The National Olympic Committee for Uganda was created in 1950 and recognized by the International Olympic Committee in 1956.
Amarjit Kaur
Amarjit Kaur is an Indian politician. She was a Member of Parliament and represented Punjab in the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of India's Parliament as a member of the Indian National Congress political party. Her father was Ragbhir Singh, who served as Chief Minister of the former state of Patiala and East Punjab States Union. Kaur's husband was Kanwar Devinder Singh, the son of Maharaja Bhupinder Singh of Patiala. Earlier in her career, Kaur had been elected to municipal councils, was a nominated member of the Patiala Improvement Trust and had twice served as the chairperson of the Central Social Welfare Board, an autonomous organization under the Ministry of Women and Child Development.

Ministry of Women and Child Development
The Ministry of Women and Child Development, a branch of the Government of India, is the apex body responsible for the formulation and administration of the rules, regulations, and laws relating to women and child development in India. The incumbent minister for the Ministry of Women and Child Development is Annpurna Devi, who has held the portfolio since 2024.
Kirkmaiden (village)
54°41′31″N 4°54′43″W﻿ / ﻿54.692°N 4.912°W﻿ / 54.692; -4.912
Kirkmaiden (sometimes Maidenkirk; Scottish Gaelic: Cill M'Eudan) is a small settlement in Galloway, Scotland, located approximately 17 miles (27 km) south of Stranraer.  It gives its name to Kirkmaiden parish, which covers the southern end of the Rhinns of Galloway peninsula.

Until Union with England, Scotland's equivalent of the phrase "Land's End to John o' Groats" was often "John o' Groats to Maidenkirk", as Maidenkirk was traditionally considered the southernmost part of that country. It can be found in the song, The Lady of Kenmure:

From John O' Groats to Maidenkirk
You'll never find a truer
For loyal faith and dauntless deeds,
Than the Lady of Kenmure.

Stranraer
Stranraer (Scottish Gaelic: An t-Sròn Reamhar [ən̪ˠˌt̪ʰɾɔːn ˈɾãũ.əɾ]), also known as The Toon or The Cleyhole, is a town in Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland, on Loch Ryan and the northern side of the isthmus joining the Rhins of Galloway to the mainland. Stranraer is Dumfries and Galloway's second-largest town, with a population of 10,593.

Stranraer is the administrative centre for the Wigtownshire area of Dumfries and Galloway. It was formerly a ferry port, connecting Scotland with Belfast and Larne in Northern Ireland; the service was transferred to nearby Cairnryan in 2011. It lies 87 miles (140 km) south-west of Glasgow, 52 miles (84 km) south-west of Ayr and 72 miles (116 km) west of Dumfries.

The town's English name comes from its Scottish Gaelic counterpart An t-Sròn Reamhar, meaning "the broad headland" or "the fat nose".
Formation evaluation neutron porosity
In the field of formation evaluation, porosity is one of the key measurements to quantify oil and gas reserves. Neutron porosity measurement employs a neutron source to measure the hydrogen index in a reservoir, which is directly related to porosity. The Hydrogen Index (HI) of a material is defined as the ratio of the concentration of hydrogen atoms per cm3 in the material, to that of pure water at 75 °F. As hydrogen atoms are present in both water and oil-filled reservoirs, measurement of the amount allows estimation of the amount of liquid-filled porosity.

Formation evaluation
Formation evaluation in petroleum engineering is the process of assessing subsurface rock formations to determine their ability to produce oil and gas. It helps identify hydrocarbon-bearing zones, understand reservoir properties, and make decisions about well completion, production, and reservoir management.
Zgornje Stranje
Zgornje Stranje (pronounced [ˈzɡoːɾnjɛ ˈstɾaːnjɛ]; German: Oberstreine) is a village on a terrace on the right bank of the Kamnik Bistrica River in the Municipality of Kamnik in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia.

Municipality of Kamnik
The Municipality of Kamnik (pronounced [ˈkaːmnik] ⓘ; Slovene: Občina Kamnik) is a municipality in northern Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Kamnik. Today it is part of the Central Slovenia Statistical Region. It is the 15th-largest municipality by area in Slovenia.
SPARUL
SPARUL, or SPARQL/Update, was a declarative data manipulation language that extended the SPARQL 1.0 query language standard. SPARUL provided the ability to insert, delete and update RDF data held within a triple store or quad store. SPARUL was originally written by Hewlett-Packard and has been used as the foundation for the current W3C recommendation entitled SPARQL 1.1 Update. With the publication of SPARQL 1.1, SPARUL is superseded and should only be consulted as a source of inspiration for possible future refinements of SPARQL, but not for real-world applications.

Data manipulation language
A data manipulation language (DML) is a computer programming language used for adding (inserting), deleting, and modifying (updating) data in a database. A DML is often a sublanguage of a broader database language such as SQL, with the DML comprising some of the operators in the language. Read-only selecting of data is sometimes distinguished as being part of a separate data query language (DQL), but it is closely related and sometimes also considered a component of a DML; some operators may perform both selecting (reading) and writing.

A popular data manipulation language is that of Structured Query Language (SQL), which is used to retrieve and manipulate data in a relational database. Other forms of DML are those used by IMS/DLI, CODASYL databases, such as IDMS and others.
Hawa, Idlib
Hawa, Idlib (Arabic: حوا)  is a Syrian village located in Sinjar Nahiyah in Maarrat al-Nu'man District, Idlib.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Hawa, Idlib had a population of 960 in the 2004 census.

Idlib Governorate
Idlib Governorate (Arabic: مُحافظة ادلب, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat Idlib) is one of the fourteen governorates (provinces) of Syria. It is situated in northwestern Syria, bordering Turkey's Hatay province to the north, Aleppo Governorate to the east, Hama Governorate to the south, and Latakia Governorate to the west. Reports of its area vary, depending on the source, from 5,933 square kilometres (2,291 sq mi)2 to 6,097 square kilometres (2,354 sq mi)2. The provincial capital is Idlib.
Nymphargus bejaranoi
Nymphargus bejaranoi is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is endemic to the eastern slopes of the Bolivian Andes in the Cochabamba, Chuquisaca, La Paz, and Santa Cruz departments. The specific name bejaranoi honors Gastón Bejarano, a Bolivian zoologist and Director of Forestry and National Parks, Ministry of Agriculture. Common name Bolivian Cochran frog has been coined for this species.

Cochabamba Department
Cochabamba (Aymara: Quchapampa Jach'a Suyu, Spanish: Departamento de Cochabamba pronounced [kotʃaˈβamba] ⓘ, Quechua: Quchapampa Suyu), from Quechua qucha or qhucha, meaning "lake", pampa meaning "plain", is one of the nine departments of Bolivia. It is known to be the breadbasket of the country because of its variety of agricultural products from its geographical position. It has an area of 55,631 km2. Its population in the 2024 census was 2,005,373. Its capital is the city of Cochabamba, known as the "City of Eternal Spring" and "The Garden City" because of its spring-like temperatures all year.
Widow Mountain (California)
Widow Mountain is a mountain located in the Big Valley Mountains of northwest Lassen County, California. It is around 8.7 km (5.4 mi) southeast of Day, California.

Standing at  1,927 m (6,322 ft.), it is the highest point in the Big Valley Mountains.

Day, California
Day is an unincorporated community in Modoc County, California. It is located 22 miles (35 km) west of Adin, at an elevation of 3645 feet (1111 m).

A post office operated at Day from 1888 to 1925 and from 1926 to 1953.

The lightning-sparked Day Fire in 2014 started just north of the community, ultimately destroying 6 structures and injuring 7 people.
Christos Sirros
Christos Sirros (Greek: Χρήστος Σύρρος; born 2 February 1948) is a Canadian politician who served as a member of the National Assembly of Quebec (MNA) for the Laurier-Dorion riding for two decades as a member of the Liberal Party of Quebec.

A graduate from McGill University, he first won the Laurier riding in 1981, defeating Parti Québécois (PQ) candidate Nadia Assimopoulos. The riding of Laurier-Dorion was created for the 1994 election, in which Sirros defeated PQ candidate Benoît Henry by 6,930 votes. He was most notably the minister of Indian affairs under Robert Bourassa and minister of natural resources under Daniel Johnson, Jr. He was the National Assembly's first vice-president from June 2003 to July 2004.

Sirros left his seat in July 2004. He was then appointed Quebec Delegate General for Belgium and held that position until 2013. In December 2014, he was appointed the Quebec Delegate General for the United Kingdom.

Laurier (provincial electoral district)
Laurier was a former provincial electoral district in the Montreal region of the province of Quebec, Canada. It corresponded to the Parc-Extension neighbourhood in Montreal.

It was created for the 1966 election from parts of Laval, Montréal-Laurier, and Montréal-Outremont electoral districts.  Its final election was in 1989. It disappeared in the 1994 election and its successor electoral district was Laurier-Dorion.

It was named in honour of former Canadian Prime Minister Wilfrid Laurier.
Electric Power Systems Research
Electric Power Systems Research is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research on new applications of transmission, generation, distribution and uses of electric power. Its current editor-in-chief is Maria Teresa Correia de Barros. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2010 impact factor of 1.396.

Maria Teresa Correia de Barros
Maria Teresa Nunes Padilha de Castro Correia de Barros is a Portuguese electrical engineer whose interests include high voltage engineering, quality engineering of electrical power systems, and transients in power systems. She is a professor at the Instituto Superior Técnico, the engineering school of the University of Lisbon.
Trzebusz
Trzebusz [ˈtʂɛbuʂ] (German: Triebs) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Trzebiatów, within Gryfice County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) north of Trzebiatów, 21 km (13 mi) north of Gryfice, and 88 km (55 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

The village has a population of 693.

Trzebiatów
Trzebiatów (pronounced Tshe-bia-toof [tʂɛˈbjatuf]; Kashubian: Trzébiatowò; German: Treptow an der Rega) is a town in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland, with 10,119 inhabitants (2016). Trzebiatów is located on the Rega River in the north-western part of Poland, roughly 9 kilometers south of the Baltic coast.

The Old Town of Trzebiatów is registered as a protected historical monument of Poland. It contains several Gothic churches, defensive walls and towers, a preserved market square, and a palace.
Do It (Toni Braxton song)
"Do It" is a song by American singer Toni Braxton. It was written by Braxton along with Percy Bady, Paul Boutin, Kenneth Edmonds, and Antonio Dixon for her tenth studio album Spell My Name (2020), while production was helmed by Dixon. The R&B ballad was released as the album's first single on April 6, 2020, also serving as Braxton's debut with Island Records. It peaked at number 1 on the US Adult R&B Songs chart.

Adult R&B Songs
The Adult R&B Songs chart (also called Adult R&B Airplay) is an airplay chart that is published weekly by Billboard magazine. The chart tracks and measures the airplay of songs played on urban adult contemporary radio stations, whose playlist mostly include contemporary R&B and traditional R&B tracks. Nielsen Audio sometimes refers to the format as Urban adult contemporary radio. Billboard created the chart in September 1993, with the first number one being "Another Sad Love Song" by Toni Braxton.
Atlantida (Zhirov)
Atlantida (Russian: Атлантида) was a series of two monographs (1957 and 1964) by Russian chemist Nikolai Zhirov on the existence of Atlantis and its possible locations. He wrote these after his retirement.

In the preface he wrote: "My prime objective is to rise atlantology to the status of a recognised science. This can be done only by producing geological and geographical proof that Atlantis really existed.": 148

In the ensuing discussions Zhirov's theories were classified as pseudoscience and dilettanttism. Nevertheless the Soviet atlantology could be found in popular science publications.  After the dissolution of the Soviet Union (characterized, among other problems, the dramatically lowered authority of science), a certain surge of atlantology was observed. In particular, the Russian Atlantis Research Society (Русское общество по изучению проблем Атлантиды) was established in 2003, which, among other things, was dedicated to perpetuating the work of Nikolay Zhirov.: 150–156

Popular science
Popular science (also called pop-science or popsci) is an interpretation of science intended for a general audience. It is presented in many forms, including books, film and television documentaries, magazine articles, and web pages.

It may be written by scientists themselves or by professional journalists. While science journalism focuses on recent scientific developments, popular science is more broad ranging.
State Highway 41 (New Zealand)
State Highway 41 (SH 41)  is a New Zealand state highway in the central North Island that runs from Manunui, just south of Taumarunui on SH 4 to Tūrangi just north of the Desert Road. It comprises part of the western bypass of Lake Taupō along with SH 32.

Tūrangi
Tūrangi is a small town on the west bank of the Tongariro River, 50 kilometres south-west of Taupō on the North Island Volcanic Plateau of New Zealand. It was built to accommodate the workers associated with the Tongariro hydro-electric power development project and their families. The town was designed to remain as a small servicing centre for the exotic forest plantations south of Lake Taupō and for tourists. It is well known for its trout fishing and calls itself "the trout fishing capital of the world". The major Māori hapū (tribe) of the Tūrangi area is Ngāti Tūrangitukua.
1899 Cincinnati football team
The 1899 Cincinnati football team was an American football team that represented the University of Cincinnati as an independent during the 1899 college football season. Led by first-year head coach Daniel A. Reed, the team compiled a record of 5–2. Howard Nieman served as the team captain. Cincinnati played its home games at Chester Park in Cincinnati.

1899 college football season
The 1899 college football season had no clear-cut champion, with the Official NCAA Division I Football Records Book listing Harvard and Princeton as having been selected national champions.

Chicago, Kansas, and Sewanee went undefeated. With just 13 players, the Sewanee team, known as the "Iron Men", had a six-day road trip with five shutout wins over Texas A&M; Texas; Tulane; LSU; and Ole Miss. Sportswriter Grantland Rice called the group "the most durable football team I ever saw."
Duck (nickname)
Duck is a nickname of the following people:

Duck Edwing (1934–2016), American cartoonist, particularly for Mad magazine

Donald "Duck" Dunn (1941–2012), bass player for Booker T. & the M.G.'s and The Blues Brothers

Devlin Hodges (born 1996), American National Football League quarterback

Jimmy "Duck" Holmes (born 1947), American blues musician

Duck Baker (born 1949), American guitarist

Duck MacDonald, American rock guitarist

Donald "Duck" Richardson (1935–2011), American basketball coach

Wayne Carey (born 1971), former Australian rules footballer

Duck Baker
Richard Royall "Duck" Baker IV (born July 30, 1949) is an American acoustic fingerstyle guitarist who plays in a variety of styles: jazz, blues, gospel, ragtime, folk, and Irish and Scottish music. He has written many instruction books for guitar.
Jenkintown–Wyncote station
Jenkintown–Wyncote station (originally Jenkintown station) is a major SEPTA Regional Rail station along the SEPTA Main Line in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania. It is located at the intersection of Greenwood Avenue and West Avenue on the border of Jenkintown borough and the Wyncote neighborhood of Cheltenham Township, Pennsylvania, with a mailing address in Jenkintown. It is the ninth-busiest station in the regional rail system, and the fourth busiest outside Center City. Despite this, the station is not wheelchair accessible. SEPTA had plans to make the station wheelchair accessible by 2020, but these have not yet been completed.

Center City, Philadelphia
Center City includes the central business district and central neighborhoods of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. It comprises the area that made up the City of Philadelphia prior to the Act of Consolidation, 1854, which extended the city borders to be coterminous with Philadelphia County.
Canton of Sournia
The Canton of Sournia is a French former canton of Pyrénées-Orientales department, in Languedoc-Roussillon. It had 1,277 inhabitants (2012). It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It consisted of 11 communes, which joined the new canton of La Vallée de l'Agly in 2015.

The canton comprised the following communes:

Canton of La Vallée de l'Agly
The canton of La Vallée de l'Agly is an administrative division of the Pyrénées-Orientales department, in southern France. It was created at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Rivesaltes.

It consists of the following communes:
The Romsey School
The Romsey School is a mixed community academy in Romsey, Hampshire, England. The school was a secondary modern, called Romsey County Secondary School, until the 1970s when it became a comprehensive. In 2000 it became a Specialist Language College jointly with The Mountbatten School. In 2005 the school's specialisation changed to a Mathematics and Computing College. In August 2011 the school became an academy. The school has approximately 1100 children aged 11–16 and 100 teachers. The catchment area includes the villages of Ampfield, Braishfield, Sherfield English, Michelmersh, Timsbury and Awbridge.

In 2010 81% of pupils achieved 5 or more A*–C grades in their GCSEs. 94% of pupils achieved at least a pass on A*-C. In 2018 the Progress 8 measure was average for the school and 50% of pupils achieved Grade 5 or above in English and maths GCSEs, compared to 45% for Hampshire and 40% for England.

Braishfield
Braishfield is a village and civil parish  north of Romsey in Hampshire, England. The name is thought to be derived from the Old English bræsc + feld, meaning 'open land with small branches or brushwood'. The hamlet of Pucknall lies due east of the village.
Andreas Anastasiou
Andreas Anastasiou (born 13 June 1995 in Larnaca) is a Cypriot football forward who currently plays for Digenis Oroklinis. He started his career at P.O. Xylotymbou but in 2011 took a transfer to Cypriot First Division club, Alki Larnaca.

Oroklini-Troulloi FC
Oroklini-Troulloi FC 2020 (Greek: Ορόκλινη-Τρούλλοι FC 2020) is a Cypriot football club which is based in the village of Troulloi in Larnaca district. The club was founded in 1952 as Digenis Oroklinis. In the 2014–2015 season the team competed in the Cypriot Second Division for the first time in its history.