hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wilhelm Bergholtz
Wilhelm Bergholtz was a German military officer from Holstein. He moved to the Russian Empire in 1709 at the rank of major-general, and spent five years there. After his arrival and the beginning of his service to the Russian Empire, the Great Northern War broke out. During this time he distinguished himself at the Siege of Viborg in 1710 and in a repulse of Ottoman forces during the ultimately unsuccessful Pruth Campaign.

His son was Friedrich Wilhelm von Bergholz.

Russo-Turkish War (1710–1713)
The Russo-Ottoman War of 1710–1713, also known as the Pruth River Campaign, was a brief military conflict between the Tsardom of Russia and the Ottoman Empire. The main battle took place during 18–22 July 1711 in the basin of the Pruth river near Stănilești after Tsar Peter I entered the Ottoman vassal Principality of Moldavia, following the Ottoman Empire's declaration of war on Russia. The ill-prepared Russians, Cossacks, and Moldavians found themselves surrounded by the Ottoman Army under Grand Vizier Baltacı Mehmet Pasha. After three days of fighting and heavy casualties the Tsar and his army were allowed to withdraw after agreeing to abandon the fortress of Azov and its surrounding territory. The Ottoman victory led to the Treaty of the Pruth which was confirmed by the Treaty of Adrianople.
Monocarboxylate transporter
The monocarboxylate transporters, or MCTs, are a family of proton-linked
plasma membrane transporters that carry molecules having one carboxylate group (monocarboxylates), such as lactate, pyruvate, and ketones across biological membranes. Acetate is actively transported to intestinal enteroendocrine cells via MCT, termed Targ (short for Tarag in Mongolian). MCTs are expressed in nearly every kind of cell.

There are 14 MCTs corresponding to 14 solute carrier 16A transporters, although the cardinal numbers do not match (for example MCT3 is SLC16A8). MCTs 1-4 have been more carefully investigated than MCTs 5-14.

MCTs can be upregulated by PPAR-α, HIF-1α, Nrf2, and AMPK.

Carboxylate
In organic chemistry, a carboxylate is the conjugate base of a carboxylic acid, RCOO− (or RCO−2). It is an  anion, an ion with negative charge.

Carboxylate salts are salts that have the general formula M(RCOO)n, where M is a metal and n is 1, 2,.... Carboxylate esters have the general formula RCOOR′ (also written as RCO2R′), where R and R′ are organic groups.
Guillaume de Montrevel
Guillaume de Montrevel was a medieval French knight, courtier and diplomat.

He led a crusade against the Teutonic Knights in Prussia, at the service of the Duke of Bourbon, and was present at the battles of Rosebecque, Verneuil, and Bourbourg. He was later Counsellor and Chamberlain to the Duke of Bourbon and later to the King of France, and tutor to the Dauphin. He also acted as diplomat to Cyprus, Aragon and England.

He also expanded his castle, Château de la Faye including constructing the northeast tower.

His two sons died at the Battle of Agincourt and one of his two daughters married Guillaume de Charriol. He died in December 1413.

Bourbourg
Bourbourg (French pronunciation: [buʁbuʁ]; West Flemish: Broekburg) is a commune in the Nord department in northern France. It is situated in the maritime plain of northern France, in the middle of a triangle formed by Dunkirk, Calais, and Saint-Omer.
Bentiabasaurus
Bentiabasaurus was a gracile mosasaurine mosasaur from the Late Cretaceous Mocuio Formation of Angola. The type and only species of the genus, B. jacobsi, was described in 2023 by Michael Polcyn, Anne Schulp and António Gonçalves.

Mosasaur
Mosasaurs (from Latin Mosa meaning the 'Meuse', and Greek σαύρος sauros meaning 'lizard') are an extinct group of large aquatic reptiles within the family Mosasauridae that lived during the Late Cretaceous. Their first fossil remains were discovered in a limestone quarry at Maastricht on the Meuse in 1764. They belong to the order Squamata, which includes lizards and snakes.

During the last 20 million years of the Cretaceous period (Turonian–Maastrichtian ages), with the extinction of the ichthyosaurs and pliosaurs, mosasaurids became the dominant marine predators. They themselves became extinct as a result of the K-Pg event at the end of the Cretaceous period, about 66 million years ago.
Tom M. Mehaffy
Thomas M. Mehaffy (October 1859 – October 20, 1944) was a justice of the Arkansas Supreme Court from 1927 to 1942. He was initially appointed to the court, and subsequently elected.

Born in Ripley, Mississippi, Mehaffy's son James was elected to a newly created seventh seat on the court in 1926, for an eight-year term beginning in 1927, but was killed in a car accident before assuming office. Following his son's death, Mehaffy was named to the seat to which the son had been elected.

He was reelected to an additional eight-year term in 1934, retiring from the court at the end of this term in 1942, after sixteen years of service.

Mehaffy died at his home in Little Rock, Arkansas, having turned 85 earlier that month, and having been bedridden with an illness for several weeks preceding his death. He was survived by his wife, three sons, and three daughters.

Ripley, Mississippi
Ripley is a city in Tippah County, Mississippi, United States. As of the 2020 census, Ripley had a population of 5,462. It is the county seat of Tippah County.

Colonel William Clark Falkner, great-grandfather of authors William Faulkner and John Faulkner, was a prominent resident of Ripley in the mid to late-19th century. W.C. Falkner's exploits in and around Ripley served as the model for Faulkner's character of Colonel John Sartoris.

Ripley is located in the Hills region of North Mississippi, an important region for the birth of American music. The area is known as the birthplace of the hill country blues.
2016 Pittsburgh Panthers football team
The 2016 Pittsburgh Panthers football team represented the University of Pittsburgh in the 2016 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Panthers were led by second-year head coach Pat Narduzzi and played their home games at Heinz Field. They were a member of the Coastal Division of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC). The season marked Pitt's fourth season as a member of the ACC. The Panthers finished the season 8–5, 5–3 in ACC play to finish in a three-way tie for second place in the Coastal Division. The Panthers received an invitation to the Pinstripe Bowl at Yankee Stadium where they lost to Northwestern 31–24.

On September 10, 2016, the Panthers played their in-state rivals Penn State for the first time since 2000, where they were victorious, 42–39. Penn State had won seven of the previous eight games between the two schools.

2016 Penn State Nittany Lions football team
The 2016 Penn State Nittany Lions football team represented Pennsylvania State University in the 2016 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The team was led by third-year head coach James Franklin and played its home games in Beaver Stadium in University Park, Pennsylvania. They were a member of the Big Ten East Division of the Big Ten Conference. They lost to Pitt and Michigan in early September but then had a winning streak that included signature victories over Ohio State and Wisconsin en route to a Big Ten championship. Despite their Big Ten title, the Nittany Lions just missed a playoff berth. They represented the Big Ten in the 2017 Rose Bowl, losing to USC on a last-second game winning field goal.
Nicholas railway station
Nicholas railway station was the pre-revolutionary name of the termini of the Moscow-Saint Petersburg Railway:

Moscow Passazhirskaya railway station, formerly Nikolayevsky and Leningradsky, in Moscow

Moskovsky railway station (Saint Petersburg) or St.Petersburg-Glavny, in Saint Petersburg

Moskovsky railway station (Saint Petersburg)
St. Petersburg–Moskovsky (Russian: Санкт-Петербург–Московский), is a railway station terminal in Saint Petersburg, Russia. It is a terminus for the Saint Petersburg–Moscow Railway and other lines running from Central and South Russia and Crimea.
200s (decade)
The 200s decade ran from January 1, 200, to December 31, 209.

The world population is estimated to be between 190 to 256 million in 200. In the Roman Empire, Septimius Severus is emperor for the whole decade. After the Yellow Turban Rebellion in China, the Han dynasty weakens as warlord seize control of China, even though Emperor Xian is in power for the whole decade. Cao Cao defeats Yuan Shao at the Battle of Cangting, eventually unifying northern China. Around this time, Brahmanism morphs into Hinduism. Caracalla and Geta are set up to heirs to Septimius Severus, and they both are Augusti by the end of the decade.

AD 140
Year 140 (CXL) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Hadrianus and Caesar (or, less frequently, year 893 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 140 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
Li Haifeng
Li Haifeng (born February 1949) is a Chinese politician. A native of Laoting, Hebei, she did her graduate studies at the Central Party School of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), and went on to positions such as committee secretary of the Daqing branch of the Communist Youth League of China, Standing Committee Member of the Daqing Field branch of the CCP, Vice Chair of the All-China Youth Federation. She also served as a delegate to the 5th and 6th Chinese People's Political Consultative Conferences. In May 2007, she was promoted to her position as head of the Overseas Chinese Affairs Office of the State Council of the People's Republic of China. Two months later, as part of her official duties, she toured Chinese American and Chinese Canadian communities in the five cities of San Francisco, Los Angeles, New York, Vancouver, and Toronto.

Daqing
Daqing (simplified Chinese: 大庆; traditional Chinese: 大慶; pinyin: Dàqìng) is a prefecture-level city in the west of Heilongjiang province, People's Republic of China. The name literally means "Great Celebration" and refers to the tenth anniversary of the PRC.: 2  Daqing is known as the "Oil Capital of China" and has experienced a phenomenal boom since oil was discovered at the Daqing Oil Field in 1959.

Its population was 2,781,562 as of the 2020 census, of whom 1,574,389 lived in the built-up (or metro) area in four out of the total of five urban districts: Sartu, Longfeng, Ranghulu and Honggang.According to the sample survey of 5‰ population changes in 2024, the resident population of the city at the end of the year was 2.663 million, a decrease of 37,000 compared with the end of the previous year. Among them, the urban population is 1.996 million and the rural population is 667,000.
Havers
Havers is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alice Havers (1850–1890), an English painter and illustrator

Arthur Havers (1898–1980), English golfer

Barbara Havers, a fictional detective in The Inspector Lynley Mysteries TV series

Cecil Havers (1889–1977), English barrister and judge

Clopton Havers (1657–1702), English physician
Haversian canals, sometimes canals of Havers, microscopic tubes in bone

Fred and Ernest Havers, automobile manufacturers
Havers (automobile)

Michael Havers, Baron Havers (1923–1992), British barrister and politician

Nigel Havers (born 1951), English actor, son of Baron Havers

Richard Havers (1951–2017), British music writer

Rob Havers (born 1967), British military historian

Nigel Havers
Nigel Allan Havers (born 6 November 1951) is an English actor and presenter. In 1981 he earned a BAFTA nomination for Best Actor in a Supporting Role, for portraying Lord Andrew Lindsay in the British sports film Chariots of Fire (1981).
Other credits include  A Passage to India (1984), Empire of the Sun (1987), Farewell to the King (1989), Don't Wait Up (1983–1990), Sleepers (1991) Coronation Street, (2009–2019), Brothers & Sisters (2009), Doctor Who spin-off The Sarah Jane Adventures, Downton Abbey (2011), The Life of Rock with Brian Pern (2014), Benidorm (2017), Finding Alice (2021), The Gentlemen (2024), and A Cruel Love: The Ruth Ellis Story (2025).
Strange Hill
Strange Hill, alternatively known as Strange Hill School or Strange Hill School for Ghouls in The Dandy, is the title of two British comic strips, one of which ran in Whizzer and Chips, the other in The Dandy. The title is a reference to the long running BBC TV show Grange Hill about a school of that name. Both strips were set in horrifying schools.

The Dandy
The Dandy is a British children's comic magazine published by the Dundee based publisher DC Thomson. The first issue was printed in December 1937, making it the world's third-longest running comic, after Il Giornalino (cover dated 1 October 1924) and Detective Comics (cover dated March 1937). From August 2007 until October 2010, it was rebranded as Dandy Xtreme.

One of the best selling comics in the UK, along with The Beano (also made by DC Thompson), The Dandy reached sales of two million a week in the 1950s. The final printed edition was issued on 4 December 2012, the comic's 75th anniversary, after sales slumped to 8,000 a week. On the same day, The Dandy relaunched as an online comic, The Digital Dandy, appearing on the Dandy website and in the Dandy App. The digital relaunch was not successful and the comic ended just six months later. The Dandy title continues as a yearly Summer Special and the unbroken run of Dandy Annuals, up to and including the 2026 annual.
Jackson–Harmsworth expedition
The Jackson–Harmsworth expedition of 1894–1897 to Franz Josef Land was led by  British Arctic explorer Frederick George Jackson and financed by newspaper proprietor Alfred Harmsworth. Jackson had been misled by speculative maps into believing that Franz Joseph Land was a land mass that extended to the North Pole. The survey which was the main work of the expedition eventually proved that the land was in fact an archipelago, whose northernmost island did not extend beyond 82° N.

Hooker Island
Hooker Island (Russian: остров Гукера; Ostrov Gukera) is one of the central islands of Franz Josef Land. It is located in the central area of the archipelago at 80°14′N 53°01′E﻿ / ﻿80.23°N 53.02°E﻿ / 80.23; 53.02. It is administered by  the Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia.
Grefsen
Grefsen is a neighbourhood in the city of Oslo, Norway.

Grefsen was a part of the municipality of Aker before the Second World War, later incorporated into Oslo. Together with Kjelsås, Grefsen then formed the borough Grefsen-Kjelsås until 1 January 2004, when they became part of the new borough of Nordre Aker.

The Gjøvik Railway Line goes through the area, but Grefsen Station is actually located closer to the neighbourhood of Disen. The Kjelsås tram line also runs through the area. Sporveien's main depot is also located here. The local sports field Grefsen stadion is the home field of Kjelsås IL.

Grefsen Church (Grefsen kirke) was consecrated in 1940.

Kjelsås Line
The Kjelsås Line (Norwegian: Kjelsåsbanen) is a tramway line running from Storo to Kjelsås in the northern part of Oslo, Norway. The line opened by Oslo Sporveier on 25 September 1934 as an extension of the Grünerløkka–Torshov Line that terminated at Storo. It is served by line 11 and 12 of the Oslo Tramway operated by Oslo Sporvognsdrift. The line was built as a suburban tramway, but has since been transformed to partially run in the streets.

On 21 November 2002 the owner Oslo Sporveier closed the Kjelsås Line—replacing the tram with a feeder bus to save costs of the maintenance of the tramway. The line was reopened on 22 November 2004 after local protests, and a compromise in the city council.
Richard Herman
Richard H. Herman is a mathematician, currently Professor Emeritus of Mathematics, who had served as the Chancellor of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign from 2005–2009.

President Bush appointed Herman to his Council of Advisors on Science and Technology, serving on subcommittees which advised the President on nanotechnology, networking and information technology and university-private sector partnerships. He co-chaired the High Performance Computing Initiative for the Council on Competitiveness as well as serving on the steering committee for its Energy, Security, Innovation and Sustainability Initiative and the Council's Executive Committee.

Herman served as chair of the Council of Presidents for the University Research Association in 2007. He also served on, and was chair of, the National Science Foundation's Advisory Committee. Herman's research specializes on mathematical physics and operator algebras.

Universities Research Association
The Universities Research Association (URA) is a non-profit association of more than 90 research universities, primarily but not exclusively in the United States. It has members also in Japan, Italy, and the United Kingdom. It was founded in 1965 at the behest of the President's Science Advisory Committee and the National Academy of Sciences to build and operate Fermilab, a National Accelerator Laboratory.
Rye Harbour
Rye Harbour is a village located on the East Sussex coast in southeast England, near the estuary of the River Rother: it is part of the civil parish of Icklesham and the Rother district. Rye Harbour is located some two miles (3.2 km) downstream of the town of Rye.

The River Rother from Rye seawards, and including the village of Rye Harbour, is under the control of the Environment Agency. At the village itself there are yacht moorings; a small fishing fleet (coded RX: Rye SusseX); some commercial shipping; and a long-established lifeboat station. There is also a holiday village called Rye Harbour Holiday Park  alongside the village itself.

An industrial estate straddles the road to Rye Harbour from Rye. It contains warehousing, light manufacturing and an oil refinery.

The village community has set up a pictorial website, aimed at promoting its history.

Rother District
Rother is a local government district in East Sussex, England. Its council is based in Bexhill-on-Sea. The district is named after the River Rother which flows within its boundaries.

The neighbouring districts are Wealden, Tunbridge Wells, Ashford, Folkestone and Hythe, and Hastings. Aside from its coast, Hastings is surrounded by Rother.
Michigan Southern Railroad
Michigan Southern Railroad could refer to:

The Southern Railroad (Michigan), built by the state of Michigan (1837–1846)

The Michigan Southern Railroad (1846–1855), which bought the state line, and became part of the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern Railway

The Michigan Southern Railroad (1989), a short line

Michigan Southern Railroad (1989)
The Michigan Southern Railroad (reporting mark MSO), founded in 1989 and owned by Pioneer Railcorp since 1999, operates a portion of the former Michigan Southern Railroad (1846-1855) between White Pigeon and Sturgis, Michigan, United States. At White Pigeon, the line connects with the Grand Elk. Until 2012, the line connected with the Indiana Northeastern Railroad in Sturgis, when Indiana Northeastern abandoned a portion of their line between Batavia and Sturgis.

The main commodities hauled on the line include scrap, paper, coal, lumber, sand, and soybean oil.
Cigarettes Will Kill You
"Cigarettes Will Kill You" is a song by Australian singer-songwriter Ben Lee from his third studio album, Breathing Tornados (1998). Produced by Ed Buller, the song became a breakout success for Lee. It was voted number two on the 1998 Triple J Hottest 100 and reached number 46 on the Australian Singles Chart in 1999. In 2025, the song placed 83 on the Triple J's Hottest 100 of Australian Songs.

The song was featured in the 2002 Australian comedy Crackerjack. It has also been referenced in the Axis of Awesome's song medley "Four Chord Song", a reference to the fact that the chord progression in "Cigarettes Will Kill You" is similar to that of Journey's "Don't Stop Believin'" and Toto's "Africa".

Triple J's Hottest 100 of 1998
The 1998 Triple J Hottest 100, announced on 26 January 1999, was the sixth such countdown of the most popular songs of the year, according to listeners of the Australian radio station Triple J. As in previous years, a CD featuring 36 of the songs was released. In August 1998 a Hottest 100 of All Time was conducted separate to normal countdown.

In February 2019, Triple J's sister station Double J conducted a "re-vote" of the 1998 top 10.
Ushi Island
Ushi Island (Russian: Остров Уши) is an islet in the Eugénie Archipelago within the Peter the Great Gulf of the Sea of Japan. It is administratively part of the city of Vladivostok in Primorsky Krai, Russia. The uninhabited island is located 160 metres (520 feet) north-west of Russky Island, in the Amur Bay section of the gulf along the southern coast of Primorsky Krai. The area of Ushi island is 0.1 hectares (0.25 acres), with dimensions of about 45 by 22 metres (148 by 72 feet), and its highest point is 6 metres (20 feet). It is almost devoid of vegetation, and consists of two rocks which connected narrow and low isthmus. There are shoals 4.8 to 5.2 metres (16–17 feet) near the island. It is a popular spot for fish and birds alike. Owing to its size however, only a limited number of birds can roost on the island.

Isthmus
An isthmus (/ˈɪs(θ)məs/ ISS-məs, ISTH-məs; pl.: isthmuses or isthmi /-maɪ/ -⁠my; from Ancient Greek ἰσθμός isthmós 'neck') is a narrow piece of land connecting two larger areas across an expanse of water by which they are otherwise separated. A tombolo is an isthmus that consists of a spit or bar, and a strait is the sea counterpart of an isthmus, a narrow stretch of sea between two landmasses that connects two larger bodies of water.
1993 Manchester Open – Doubles
Patrick Galbraith and David Macpherson were the defending champions, but Galbraith did not participate this year.  Macpherson partnered Steve DeVries, losing in the first round.

Ken Flach and Rick Leach won the title, defeating Stefan Kruger and Glenn Michibata 6–4, 6–1 in the final.

Rick Leach
Rick Leach (born December 28, 1964) is a tennis coach and former professional player from the United States. A doubles specialist, he won five Grand Slam doubles titles (three at the Australian Open, one at Wimbledon, and one at the US Open), and four mixed doubles titles (two at the Australian Open, one at Wimbledon, and one at the US Open). He reached the world No. 1 doubles ranking in 1990.

Leach was a member of the US team which won the Davis Cup in 1990. Partnering Jim Pugh, he won the doubles rubbers in all four of the rounds which the US played in that year, and clinched the team's victory in the final with a win over Pat Cash and John Fitzgerald of Australia.

Prior to turning professional, Leach became the first four-time Division 1 All-American in singles and doubles at the University of Southern California (where he played for his father Dick), and won the NCAA doubles title in 1986 and 1987.
Dawlatpur Degree College
Dawlatpur Degree College is a private college in Belkuchi Upazila, of Sirajganj District, Bangladesh. The college is affiliated to the Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education, Rajshahi and National University.

National University, Bangladesh
National University (NU; Bengali: জাতীয় বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়) is a public collegiate university of Bangladesh that was established in 1992 by an Act of Parliament as an affiliating university of the country to impart graduate and post-graduate level education to students through its affiliated colleges, schools and professional institutions throughout the country. The number of colleges under the NU is 2,257. Among these, 555 are government colleges. A total of 881 colleges offer honors courses. It is the second-largest university in the world in terms of enrollment. The headquarters is in Gazipur, on the outskirts of Dhaka. After its establishment, the university began affiliating with association degree-awarding colleges, many of which were previously affiliated with the University of Dhaka, University of Rajshahi, University of Chittagong and Shahjalal University of Science and Technology.