hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Aerofilms
Aerofilms Ltd was the UK's first commercial aerial photography company, founded in 1919 by Francis Wills and Claude Graham White. Wills had served as an Observer with the Royal Naval Air Service during World War I, and was the driving force behind the expansion of the company from an office and a bathroom (for developing films) in Hendon to a business with major contracts in Africa and Asia as well as in the UK. Co-founder Graham-White was a pioneer aviator who had achieved fame by making the first night flight in 1910.

Courtauld Institute of Art
The Courtauld Institute of Art (/ˈkɔːrtəʊld/) is a self-governing college of the University of London specialising in the study of the history of art and conservation.

The art collection is known particularly for its French Impressionist and Post-Impressionist paintings, and is housed in the Courtauld Gallery. The Courtauld is based in Somerset House, in the Strand in London. In 2019, the Courtauld's teaching and research activities temporarily relocated to Vernon Square, London, while its Somerset House site underwent a major regeneration project.
Qulensya wa Abd al Kuri district
Qulensya Wa Abd Al Kuri District (Arabic: مديرية قلنسية وعبد الكوري) is one of two districts of the Socotra Governorate, Yemen. It occupies the western part of the main island of Socotra archipelago, and all other islands of the archipelago. It is named after its capital, Qulensya, on the north coast of Socotra island, and Abd al Kuri, the second largest island of the archipelago. As of 2003, the district had a population of 10,109 inhabitants.

Abd al Kuri
Abd al Kuri (Arabic: عبد الكوري) is a rocky island in the Guardafui Channel. As a part of the Socotra Archipelago Governorate of Yemen, it lies about 65 miles (105 km) southwest of the main island of Socotra. Its terrain primarily consists of granite and diorite covered with limestone.
2006 UEC European Cyclo-cross Championships
The 2006 European Cyclo-cross Championships were held on 9 December 2006 in Huijbergen, Netherlands. Niels Albert managed to defend his title in the under 23 category, while Marianne Vos changed her gold medal of the 2005 edition into a bronze this year.

Niels Albert
Niels Albert (born 5 February 1986 in Bonheiden, near Antwerp, Belgium) is a former professional cyclo-cross racing cyclist who currently resides in Tremelo. He became World Champion twice, in 2009 and 2012.
Sigma 18–50mm f/2.8 EX DC Macro lens
The Sigma 18-50mm f/2.8 EX DC Macro is a wide to normal angle, zoom lens made by the Sigma Corporation.

The lens is produced in Canon EF mount, Four Thirds System, Nikon F-mount, Pentax K mount, the SA mount, and the Sony/Minolta AF Mount varieties, all have the same optical formula.

The lens is designed for digital crop DSLR with an APS-C sized sensor. Because of this, if the lens is used on a non-crop body, such as a Nikon D700, it will cause significant mechanical vignetting. When used on a body with a field of view compensation factor of 2× (Four Thirds body) it provides a field of view equivalent to a 36–100mm lens mounted in a 35mm body. In a 1.6× body, such as the Canon EOS 450D, it provides a less narrow field of view, equivalent to a 29–80mm lens mounted on a 35mm frame body. With a 1.5× body such as the Nikon D300, it provides a less narrow field of view, equivalent to a 27–75mm lens mounted on a 35mm frame body.

Field of view
The field of view (FOV) is the angular extent of the observable world that is seen at any given moment. In the case of optical instruments or sensors, it is a solid angle through which a detector is sensitive to electromagnetic radiation. It is further relevant in photography.
Peter Sleight
Peter Sleight  (27 June 1929 – 7 October 2020) was a British research cardiologist and an Honorary Consultant Physician at the John Radcliffe Hospital in Oxford and the Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust. Sleight was Emeritus Field Marshal Alexander Professor of Cardiovascular Medicine at the University of Oxford and an Emeritus Fellow of Exeter College, Oxford.

Exeter College, Oxford
Exeter College (in full: The rector and Scholars of Exeter College in the University of Oxford) is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in England, and the fourth-oldest college of the university.

The college was founded in 1314 by two brothers from Devon, Bishop Walter Stapledon and Sir Richard Stapledon, as an institution to educate clergy, and has been located on Turl Street since 1315. At its foundation Exeter was popular with sons of the Devon gentry, though it has since become associated with a much broader range of notable alumni, including Raymond Raikes, William Morris, J. R. R. Tolkien, Richard Burton, Roger Bannister, Alan Bennett, and Philip Pullman.
1979 Australian Open
The 1979 Australian Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts at the Kooyong Lawn Tennis Club in Melbourne in Victoria in Australia and was held from 24 December 1979 through 2 January 1980. It was the 68th edition of the Australian Open and the fourth Grand Slam tournament of the year. The singles titles were won by Argentinian Guillermo Vilas and American Barbara Jordan.

Kooyong Stadium
Kooyong Stadium, at the Kooyong Lawn Tennis Club, is an Australian tennis venue, located in the Melbourne suburb of Toorak, adjacent to the namesake suburb of Kooyong. The stadium was built in 1927, and has undergone several renovations.

It has a seating capacity of slightly more than 5,000. At its peak the stadium was capable of hosting up to 15,000 patrons.
Raiatea starling
The Raiatea starling, formerly known as the bay thrush, bay starling, or the mysterious bird of Ulieta, is an extinct bird species of uncertain taxonomic relationships that once lived on the island of Raiatea (formerly known as Ulietea, hence the specific epithet ulietensis), the second largest of the Society Islands in French Polynesia.

Society Islands
The Society Islands are an archipelago in Polynesia in the South Pacific Ocean. Politically, the islands are part of French Polynesia, an semi-autonomous part of France. The largest and most populous island is Tahiti. Other major islands are Moʻorea, Raiatea, Bora Bora and Huahine.
Milan Kubáň
Milan Kubáň (born 1976) is a Slovak slalom canoeist who competed at the international level from 1993 to 2007, specializing in the C2 event.

He and his partner in the boat Marián Olejník won three medals at the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships with two silvers (C2: 2005, C2 team: 1999) and a bronze (C2 team: 2006). The silver medal in the C2 event at the 2005 World Championships in Penrith was their greatest achievement.

At the European Championships Kubáň and Olejník won a total of 5 medals (2 golds, 1 silver and 2 bronzes), including a bronze medal in the C2 event at the 1998 European Championships in Roudnice nad Labem. The remaining four medals have come from team events.

They have earned a total of eight World Cup podiums, including 4 wins.

Kubáň has coached the Japanese canoe slalom team.

Canoe Slalom World Cup
The ICF Canoe Slalom World Cup is an annual season-long series of top level races in canoe slalom held under the auspices of the International Canoe Federation. It has been held since 1988 in four canoe and kayak disciplines for men and women. The four original disciplines were men's single canoe (C1), men's double canoe (C2), men's kayak (K1) and women's kayak. A women's single canoe discipline (C1) was added to the world cup in 2010. The men's C2 event was removed from the world cup series in 2018 and it was replaced by the mixed C2 event. The mixed C2 event only lasted for one season, however. 2018 was also the first time that world cup points were awarded for the kayak cross (called extreme K1 at the time). Kayak cross individual (a kayak cross time trial event) was introduced as a separate discipline in 2025. The time trial is simultaneously used as a qualification run for the kayak cross knockout phase.
Taku Towers
Taku Towers is a 6,653+ ft (2,030+ m) double summit mountain located in the Boundary Ranges of the Coast Mountains, in the U.S. state of Alaska. The two north and south peaks, 0.2 mi apart with 6,653+ and 6,605-ft elevations respectively, are situated in the Taku Range of the Juneau Icefield, 21 mi (34 km) north of Juneau, Alaska, and 5.5 mi (9 km) east-southeast of The Snow Towers, on land managed by Tongass National Forest. The Taku Range is a north-south trending ridge on the edge of the Taku Glacier. The mountain's name was in local use when first published in 1960 by the U.S. Geological Survey. Several landforms in the vicinity bear this Taku name, which all ultimately derive from the Taku people. The first ascent was made in 1949 by Forbes, Merritt, and Schoeblen via the west ridge. Daniel Reid and party made the first ascent of the difficult east face of South Taku Tower in 1973.

Double summit
A double summit, double peak, twin summit, or twin peak is a mountain or hill that has two summits, separated by a col or saddle.

One well-known double summit is Austria's highest mountain, the Großglockner, where the main summit of the Großglockner is separated from that of the Kleinglockner by the Glocknerscharte col in the area of a geological fault. Other double summits have resulted from geological folding. For example, on Mont Withrow in British Columbia, resistant sandstones form the limbs of the double summit, whilst the softer rock in the core of the fold was eroded.

Triple peaks occur more rarely; one example is the Rosengartenspitze in the Dolomites. The Illimani in Bolivia is an example of a rare quadruple summit.
Lord Lieutenant of Perth and Kinross
This is a list of people who have served as Lord-lieutenant of Perth and Kinross. The office replaced the Lord Lieutenant of Perthshire and the Lord Lieutenant of Kinross-shire in 1975.

Butter had been Lord Lieutenant of Perthshire

Sir David Butter 1975–1995

Sir David Montgomery, 9th Baronet 11 April 1995 – 2006

Brig Sir Melville Stewart Jameson 14 August 2006 – 2019

Gordon Kenneth Stephen Leckie  23 July 2019 – present

Lord-lieutenant
A lord-lieutenant (UK: /lɛfˈtɛnənt/ lef-TEN-ənt) is the British monarch's personal representative in each lieutenancy area of the United Kingdom. Historically, each lieutenant was responsible for organising the county's militia. In 1871, the lieutenant's responsibility over the local militia was removed. However, it was not until 1921 that they formally lost the right to call upon able-bodied men to fight when needed.

Lord-lieutenant is now an honorary titular position usually awarded to a notable person in the county, and despite the title of the office, may be either male or female, peer or not.
Fourche Valley School
Fourche Valley School was a K-12 public school in unincorporated Yell County, Arkansas, near Briggsville. It had two divisions: Fourche Valley Elementary School (K-6) and Fourche Valley High School (7-12).

In 2004 Alan Richard of Education Week wrote that the school "is the only real sign of the Briggsville community, except for a few houses and the winding highway with a mountain view."

Yell County, Arkansas
Yell County is a county in the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 20,263. The county has two county seats, Dardanelle and Danville.  Yell County is Arkansas's 42nd county, formed on December 5, 1840, from portions of Scott and Pope Counties. It was named after Archibald Yell, who was the state's first member of the United States House of Representatives and the second governor of Arkansas. He died in combat at the Battle of Buena Vista during the Mexican–American War. Yell County is part of the Russellville micropolitan statistical area. Yell County is a dry county, as alcohol is prohibited.
Estadio Luis Alberto Salinas
The Estadio Luis Salinas Tanasio, (known as Estadio Juan Canuto Pettengill between 1972 and 2016), and officially Estadio ueno Luis Salinas Tanasio due to sponsorship by banking company Ueno, is a football stadium in Paraguay, located in the city of Itauguá, about 50 meters north of route PY02. It has a capacity of 10,000 seats.

It is the home venue of Primera División club 12 de Octubre FC.

Route 2 (Paraguay)
National Route Number 2 (officially, PY02, better known as Ruta Dos) is one of the most important highways in Paraguay, which connects the two major cities in the country, Asunción and Ciudad del Este. Crossing the departments of Central, Cordillera, Caaguazu and Alto Paraná.

In 2019, the 140 kilometres (87 mi) between Ciudad del Este and Caaguazú were doubled.  In 2024, the duplication of 149 kilometres (93 mi) of the highway between the cities of Ypacaraí and Caaguazú was completed.  So, the first duplicated highway in Paraguay was created. The highway is the most important in the country, as it connects the capital Asunción with the second largest city (Cuidad del Este), with Brazil (the country's largest trading partner) and finally with the Port of Paranaguá.
Minami-ku, Kumamoto
Minami-ku (南区) is one of the five wards of Kumamoto City, Japan. Meaning literally "south ward," it is bordered by the Nishi-ku, Chūō-ku, Higashi-ku and also by the cities of Uki, Uto and the towns of Kashima, Mifune and Kōsa. As of 2012, it has a population of 122,773 people and an area of 110.02 km2.

Kashima, Kumamoto
Kashima (嘉島町, Kashima-machi) is a town located in Kamimashiki District, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 July 2024, the town had an estimated population of 10,203 in 4135 households, and a population density of 24 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 16.65 km2 (6.43 sq mi).
Robert Burdick
Robert Burdick (November 2, 1630 – October 25, 1692), sometimes written as Robert Burdett, was a British American legislator and deacon for the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations. Burdick was one of the earliest settlers in what is now known as Westerly, Rhode Island. Burdick is best known for playing a leading role in a border dispute between Rhode Island and the Massachusetts Bay Colony over lands along the Pawcatuck River. In 1661 he was arrested and jailed by Massachusetts authorities in a test case over territorial rights that were enshrined in the Rhode Island Royal Charter. Burdick served several terms as a Deputy in the General Court of Rhode Island later in his career from 1680-1685.

Narragansett Bay
Narragansett Bay is a bay and estuary on the north side of Rhode Island Sound covering 147 square miles (380 km2), 120.5 square miles (312 km2) of which is in Rhode Island. The bay forms New England's largest estuary, which functions as an expansive natural harbor and includes a small archipelago. Small parts of the bay extend into Massachusetts.

There are more than 30 islands in the bay; the three largest ones are Aquidneck Island, Conanicut Island, and Prudence Island. Bodies of water that are part of Narragansett Bay include the Sakonnet River, Mount Hope Bay, and the southern, tidal part of the Taunton River. The bay opens on Rhode Island Sound and the Atlantic Ocean; Block Island lies less than 20 miles (32 km) southwest of its opening.
Michael Koukoulakis
Michael Koukoulakis (Greek: Μιχάλης Κουκουλάκης; born 25 June 1975 in Heraklion) is a Greek football referee. He belongs to the Heraklion association. He has been an international referee for FIFA since 2008.

Koukoulakis has served as a referee for international competitions, including UEFA Euro 2012 qualification and the 2010 and 2014 World Cup qualifiers.

2010 FIFA World Cup qualification (UEFA)
The European zone of qualification for the 2010 FIFA World Cup saw 53 teams competing for 13 places at the finals in South Africa. The qualification process started on 20 August 2008, nearly two months after the end of UEFA Euro 2008, and ended on 18 November 2009. The qualification process saw the first competitive matches of Montenegro.

Denmark, England, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Serbia, Slovakia, Spain, and Switzerland qualified in the first round by winning their groups. France, Greece, Portugal, and Slovenia qualified via the second round play-offs.
Upper Dumbell Lake
Upper Dumbell Lake is a lake in Qikiqtaaluk Region, Nunavut. It is the northernmost named lake of Canada. It is located 5.2 km (3.2 mi) southwest of Alert, Canada's northernmost settlement, on the coast of Lincoln Sea, Arctic Ocean. The lake is roughly circular and 1 km (0.62 mi) in diameter.

Lincoln Sea
The Lincoln Sea (French: Mer de Lincoln; Danish: Lincolnhavet) is a body of water in the Arctic Ocean, stretching from Cape Columbia, Canada, in the west to Cape Morris Jesup, Greenland, in the east. The northern limit is defined as the great circle line between those two headlands. It is covered with sea ice throughout the year, the thickest sea ice in the Arctic Ocean, which can be up to 15 m (49 ft) thick. Water depths range from 100 m (330 ft) to 300 m (980 ft). Water and ice from Lincoln Sea empty into Robeson Channel, the northernmost part of Nares Strait, most of the time.

The sea was named after Robert Todd Lincoln, then United States Secretary of War, on Adolphus W. Greely's 1881–1884 Arctic expedition into Lady Franklin Bay.

Alert, the northernmost station of Canada, is the only populated place on the shore of the Lincoln Sea.

The body of water to the east of Lincoln Sea (east of Cape Morris Jesup) is the Wandel Sea.
Dick Hudson (American football, born 1940)
Richard Smith "Bill" Hudson (July 30, 1940 – March 2, 2016) was an American football player who was a starting offensive lineman at Memphis State University for four years. In 1961, he was a second-round draft pick by the American Football League's San Diego Chargers.

Traded to the AFL's Buffalo Bills in 1963, he was a part of the 1964 and 1965 AFL Championship teams.   Hudson was an AFL Eastern Division All-Star in 1965 and in 1970 was named to the Buffalo Bills Team of the 1960s Decade.

Retiring from pro football, he returned to Paris, Tennessee and served as assistant and head coach of the Henry County High School Patriots football team and vice principal of the high school.

Paris, Tennessee
Paris is a city in and the county seat of Henry County, Tennessee, United States. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 10,316.

A 70-foot (21 m) replica of the Eiffel Tower stands in the southern part of Paris.
Denis Gremelmayr
Denis Gremelmayr (born 16 August 1981) is an inactive German male tennis player. His career-high singles ranking is World No. 59, achieved in May 2008.

Glemelmayr was born in Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg.  He reached the semifinals of Estoril, Barcelona and Los Angeles in 2008, losing to Roger Federer, Rafael Nadal and Andy Roddick respectively.

2008 Countrywide Classic – Singles
34°04′12″N 118°26′53″W﻿ / ﻿34.070075°N 118.447991°W﻿ / 34.070075; -118.447991

Radek Štěpánek was the defending champion, but chose to compete in the Beijing Summer Olympics instead.

Third-seeded Juan Martín del Potro won in the final 6–1, 7–6(7–2), against Andy Roddick.
Nicolletia
Nicolletia, common name hole-in-the-sand plant, is a small genus of flowering plants in tribe Tageteae within the family Asteraceae.

The genus is named for explorer Jean Nicholas Nicollet, 1786–1843.

Species

Nicolletia edwardsii A.Gray - western Texas, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Zacatecas

Nicolletia occidentalis A.Gray - Mojave hole-in-the-sand plant - Baja California, southern California

Nicolletia trifida Rydb. - Baja California, Baja California Sur

Zacatecas
Zacatecas, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Zacatecas, is one of the 31 states of Mexico. It is divided into 58 municipalities and its capital city is Zacatecas.

It is located in north-central Mexico and is bordered by the states of Durango to the northwest, Coahuila to the north, Nayarit to the west, San Luis Potosí and Nuevo León to the east, and Jalisco, Guanajuato and Aguascalientes to the south. The state is best known for its rich deposits of silver and other minerals, its colonial architecture and its importance during the Mexican Revolution. Its main economic activities are mining, agriculture and tourism.
1970 Wimbledon Championships – Women's doubles
Margaret Court and Judy Tegart (now playing under the name of Dalton) were the defending champions, but lost in the semifinals to Françoise Dürr and Virginia Wade.

Rosie Casals and Billie Jean King defeated Dürr and Wade in the final, 6–2, 6–3 to win the ladies' doubles tennis title at the 1970 Wimbledon Championships.

Françoise Dürr
Françoise Dürr (born 25 December 1942; sometimes referred to by English writers as Frankie Durr) is a retired French tennis player. She won 50 singles titles and over 60 doubles titles.

Durr played with an unorthodox backhand, which she played with an Eastern forehand grip and her index finger extended up the handle. She is also noted for having an unorthodox serve that "might not have registered on a radar gun" according to her official Tennis Hall of Fame biography.

According to Lance Tingay, Bud Collins, and the Women's Tennis Association, Dürr was ranked in the world top ten from 1965 through 1967, from 1970 through 1972, and from 1974 through 1976, reaching a career high of world No. 3 in those rankings in 1967. She finished second to Billie Jean King in prize money earnings in 1971.

Dürr reached a total of 27 Grand Slam finals – one in singles, 18 in women's doubles, and eight in mixed doubles. She won twelve of them.
Blue ribbon
Blue ribbons are typically a symbol of high quality. The association comes from The Blue Riband, a prize awarded for the fastest crossing of the Atlantic Ocean by passenger liners and, prior to that from Cordon Bleu, which referred to the blue ribbon worn by the French knightly Order of the Holy Spirit.
The spelling "blue riband" is still encountered in most English-speaking countries, but in the United States, the term was altered to blue ribbon, and ribbons of this color came to be awarded for first place in certain athletic or other competitive endeavors (such as county and state fairs).

It has also been applied to distinguished members of a group or commission who have convened to address a situation or problem; in these cases, the usual usage is "blue ribbon commission" or "blue-ribbon panel".

Mabini, Batangas
Mabini, officially the Municipality of Mabini (Tagalog: Bayan ng Mabini),  is a  municipality in the province of Batangas, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 49,876 people.

It is known for its world class diving and snorkeling sites.
Age of Ignorance
Age of Ignorance is the fourth studio album by New Hampshire-based band Our Last Night. It was released on Epitaph Records on August 21, 2012. A deluxe edition of the album was released on iTunes on June 14, 2013, that included three additional songs: Fate (Acoustic), Reason to Love (Acoustic), and Skyfall.

Epitaph Records
Epitaph Records is an American independent record label owned by Bad Religion guitarist Brett Gurewitz. A large portion of the record label, known as Hellcat Records, is owned by Tim Armstrong, frontman of the punk rock band Rancid. Several sister labels also exist, such as ANTI-, Burning Heart Records, Hellcat Records, and Heart & Skull Records that have signed other types of bands.