hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
AIDC AT-3
The AIDC AT-3 Tzu Chung (Chinese: 自強; pinyin: Zìqiáng; "Self Reliance") is an advanced jet trainer operated by the Republic of China Air Force (ROCAF).  A total of sixty-two aircraft were manufactured by the Aerospace Industrial Development Corporation of Taiwan in collaboration with American aircraft manufacturer Northrop between 1984 and 1990.  Two A-3 single-seat attack version were also built.

Jet trainer
A jet trainer is a jet aircraft for use as a trainer, whether for basic or advanced flight training. Jet trainers are either custom designs or modifications of existing aircraft. With the introduction of military jet-powered aircraft towards the end of World War II it became a requirement to train pilots in the handling of such aircraft.
René Kalisky
René Kalisky (French: [ʁəne kaliski]; born Kaliski, Polish: [kaˈliskʲi]; 20 July 1936 – 6 May 1981) was a Belgian writer of Polish-Jewish descent who is best known for the plays he wrote in the last 12 years of his life.
Kalisky, whose father, Abraham Kaliski was killed at Auschwitz, was himself hidden from harm during World War II.

Belgians
Belgians (Dutch: Belgen [ˈbɛlɣə(n)] ⓘ; French: Belges [bɛlʒ] ⓘ; German: Belgier [ˈbɛlɡi̯ɐ] ⓘ) are people identified with the Kingdom of Belgium, a federal state in Western Europe. As Belgium is a multinational state, this connection may be residential, legal, historical, or cultural rather than ethnic. The majority of Belgians, however, belong to two distinct linguistic groups or communities (Dutch: gemeenschap; French: communauté) native to the country, i.e. its historical regions: Flemings in Flanders, who speak Dutch, West Flemish and Limburgish; and Walloons in Wallonia, who speak French or Walloon. There is also a substantial Belgian diaspora, which has settled primarily in the United States, Canada, France, and the Netherlands.
Margera family
The Margera family:

Bam Margera - Skateboarder and star of CKY, Jackass, and Viva La Bam.

Phil Margera - Bam's father and a baker by profession

April Margera - Bam's mother

Jess Margera - Bam's older brother and drummer of the band CKY

Vincent "Don Vito" Margera - Bam's uncle

Dan Margera - Bam's younger brother

Viva La Bam
Viva La Bam is an American reality television series that stars Bam Margera and his friends and family. The show is a spin-off from MTV's Jackass, in which Margera and most of the main cast appeared. Each episode had a specific theme, mission, or challenge which was accomplished by performing pranks, skateboarding, and enlisting the help of friends, relatives, and/or experts. Although partly improvised, the show was supported by a greater degree of planning and organization.
USS Alnitah
The USS Alnitah (AK-127) was a Crater-class cargo ship in the service of the US Navy in World War II. Named a spelling variation of the star Alnitak in the constellation Orion, it was the only ship of the Navy to bear this name.

Orion (constellation)
Orion is a prominent set of stars visible during winter in the northern celestial hemisphere. It is one of the 88 modern constellations; it was among the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd-century AD/CE astronomer Ptolemy. It is named after a hunter in Greek mythology.

Orion is most prominent during winter evenings in the Northern Hemisphere, as are five other constellations that have stars in the Winter Hexagon asterism. Orion's two brightest stars, Rigel (β) and Betelgeuse (α), are both among the brightest stars in the night sky; both are supergiants and slightly variable. There are a further six stars brighter than magnitude 3.0, including three making the short straight line of the Orion's Belt asterism. Orion also hosts the radiant of the annual Orionids, the strongest meteor shower associated with Halley's Comet, and the Orion Nebula, one of the brightest nebulae in the sky.
Ups (debugger)
Ups is an open source source-level debugger developed in the late 1980s for Unix and Unix-like systems, originally developed at the University of Kent by Mark Russell.  It supports C and C++, and Fortran on some platforms.  The last beta release was in 2003.

Unlike more popular debugger stacks for modern Unix platforms, ups is completely self-contained — not merely a graphical front-end to lower-level debuggers like gdb (although some work has been done to make ups usable in that way).  The ups user interface is built directly upon the X Window System and SunView, i.e. it does not use an intermediate widget toolkit such as Motif or GTK+.

Widget toolkit
A widget toolkit, widget library, GUI toolkit, GUI framework, UI framework, or UX library is a library or a collection of libraries containing a set of graphical control elements (called widgets) used to construct the graphical user interface (GUI) of programs.

Most widget toolkits additionally include their own rendering engine. This engine can be specific to a certain operating system or windowing system or contain back-ends to interface with multiple ones and also with rendering APIs such as OpenGL, OpenVG, or EGL.
The look and feel of the graphical control elements can be hard-coded or decoupled, allowing the graphical control elements to be themed/skinned.
Aleksandrs Jerofejevs
Aleksandrs Jerofejevs (sometimes referred to as Alexander Erofeev; born 12 April 1984) is a Latvian ice hockey defenceman, currently playing for Dinamo Riga of Kontinental Hockey League (KHL).

Before playing European Elite hockey, Erofeev played 2004–05 in the USHL with the Sioux Falls Stampede and 2005–06 in the UHL with the Roanoke Valley Vipers. He is currently playing for Latvia in the 2015 IIHF World Championship.

Dinamo Riga
Dinamo Riga (Latvian: Rīgas Dinamo) was a professional ice hockey team based in Riga, Latvia. It most recently was a member of the Latvian Hockey Higher League. The club is affiliated with HK Zemgale/LBTU.

The club was re-founded on 7 April 2008 as a successor of a former team (also named "Dinamo Riga"), which was founded in 1946, but ceased to exist in 1995. Since being re-established, Dinamo Riga played their home games at the Arēna Rīga until 2022, which could accommodate 10,300 spectators.
Espen Børufsen
Espen Børufsen (born 4 March 1988) is a Norwegian former footballer who played as a midfielder. He spent his entire professional career with Start.

He was extensively capped as a youth international, most for U21. As a youth player Børufsen played for FK Våg. He joined Start in the 2005 season. He retired after the 2020 season.

IK Start
Idrettsklubben Start (or simply IK Start) is a Norwegian football club from the city of Kristiansand that currently plays in the Eliteserien, the top tier of the Norwegian football league system. The club was founded on 19 September 1905. The club's current head coach is Azar Karadas. The team plays in yellow jerseys, black shorts and socks at home, and black jerseys, yellow shorts and socks away.

They play their home matches at Sør Arena, opened in 2007. Before moving to Sør Arena, IK Start played their games at Kristiansand Stadion. The team’s official supporter club, “Tigerberget,” existed until 2017, when the IK Start board decided to discontinue having an official supporter club.
Martinian and Processus
Martinian and Processus (Italian: Martiniano and Processo) were Christian martyrs of ancient Rome.
Neither the years they lived nor the circumstances of their deaths are known. They are currently buried in St. Peter's Basilica in Rome.

Roman Martyrology
The Roman Martyrology (Latin: Martyrologium Romanum) is the official martyrology of the Catholic Church. Its use is obligatory in matters regarding the Roman Rite liturgy, but dioceses, countries and religious institutes may add duly approved appendices to it. It provides an extensive but not exhaustive list of the saints recognized by the Church.
Shoot Many Robots
Shoot Many Robots is a video game developed by Demiurge Studios and published by Ubisoft for Xbox Live Arcade, PlayStation Network, and Microsoft Windows via Steam. Shoot Many Robots was released in March 2012 for XBLA and PSN, and a month later for Steam. The XBLA version received mixed reviews–a Metacritic score of 67–while other versions received too little attention to result in a meaningful rating.

An Android port was released in 2013 on the Play Store.  An iOS version was announced in 2013, but never released.

Ubisoft
Ubisoft Entertainment SA (/ˈjuːbisɒft/; French: [ybisɔft]; formerly Ubi Soft Entertainment SA) is a French video game publisher headquartered in Saint-Mandé with development studios across the world. Its video game franchises include Anno, Assassin's Creed, Driver, Far Cry, Just Dance, Prince of Persia, Rabbids, Rayman, Tom Clancy's, and Watch Dogs.

Ubisoft is led by chairman and CEO Yves Guillemot. The company first achieved commercial and critical success with their 1995 platform game Rayman. In 1996, the company began to expand to other parts of the world, opening studios in Shanghai, Montreal and Milan. In recent years, Ubisoft has struggled financially, reporting a strong decline in revenue in 2024 and laying off 700 employees in 2025.
Asemonea virgea
Asemonea virgea is  a species of jumping spider in the genus Asemonea that is endemic to the Republic of the Congo. The spider was first described in 2003 by Wanda Wesołowska and Tamás Szűts. The spider is small, with a dark yellow carapace typically 1.6 mm (0.063 in) long and an abdomen 1.8 mm (0.071 in) long. The male has a distinctive set of spines on its palpal tibia, after which it is named. It is similar to the related Asemonea cristata but differs in its species range, as the other spider is found in Burma, and its shorter femoral apophysis. The female has not been described.

Species distribution
Species distribution, or species dispersion, is the manner in which a biological taxon is spatially arranged. The geographic limits of a particular taxon's distribution is its range, often represented as shaded areas on a map. Patterns of distribution change depending on the scale at which they are viewed, from the arrangement of individuals within a small family unit, to patterns within a population, or the distribution of the entire species as a whole (range). Species distribution is not to be confused with dispersal, which is the movement of individuals away from their region of origin or from a population center of high density.
(cytochrome c)-lysine N-methyltransferase
In enzymology, a [cytochrome c]-lysine N-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.59) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

S-adenosyl-L-methionine + [cytochrome c]-L-lysine  S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + [cytochrome c]-N6-methyl-L-lysine

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are S-adenosyl methionine and cytochrome c-L-lysine, whereas its two products are S-adenosylhomocysteine and cytochrome c-N6-methyl-L-lysine.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring one-carbon group methyltransferases.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is S-adenosyl-L-methionine:[cytochrome c]-L-lysine N6-methyltransferase. Other names in common use include cytochrome c (lysine) methyltransferase, cytochrome c methyltransferase, cytochrome c-specific protein methylase III, cytochrome c-specific protein-lysine methyltransferase, S-adenosyl-L-methionine:[cytochrome c]-L-lysine, and 6-N-methyltransferase.  This enzyme participates in lysine degradation.

S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine
S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine (SAH) is the biosynthetic precursor to homocysteine.  SAH is formed by the demethylation of S-adenosyl-L-methionine. Adenosylhomocysteinase converts SAH into homocysteine and adenosine.
Zilfa Estcourt
Zilfa Estcourt (born Zilpha Eugenie Phillips, May 3, 1883 – December 17, 1959) was an American newspaper columnist and editor. Described variously as "the dean of west coast woman writers" and as being "to newspapers what Ethel Barrymore is to the stage," Estcourt was the women's editor at the Tacoma Tribune and San Francisco Chronicle.

Columnist
A columnist is a person who writes for publication in a series, creating an article that usually offers commentary and opinions. Columns appear in newspapers, magazines and other publications, including blogs. They take the form of a short essay by a specific writer who offers a personal point of view. Columns are sometimes written by a composite or a team, appearing under a pseudonym, or (in effect) a brand name. Columnists typically write daily or weekly columns. Some columns are later collected and reprinted in book form.
SageMath
SageMath (previously Sage or SAGE, "System for Algebra and Geometry Experimentation") is a computer algebra system (CAS) with features covering many aspects of mathematics, including algebra, combinatorics, graph theory, group theory, differentiable manifolds,  numerical analysis, number theory, calculus, and statistics.

The first version of SageMath was released on 24 February 2005 as free and open-source software under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2, with the initial goals of creating an "open source alternative to Magma, Maple, Mathematica, and MATLAB". The originator and leader of the SageMath project, William Stein, was a mathematician at the University of Washington.

SageMath uses a syntax resembling Python's, supporting procedural, functional, and object-oriented constructs.

Object-oriented programming
Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm based on objects – software entities that encapsulate data and function(s). An OOP computer program consists of objects that interact with one another. An OOP language is one that provides object-oriented programming features, but as the set of features that contribute to OOP is contested, classifying a language as OOP – and the degree to which it supports OOP – is debatable. As paradigms are not mutually exclusive, a language can be multi-paradigm (i.e. categorized as more than only OOP).

Notable languages with OOP support include Ada, ActionScript, C++, Common Lisp, C#, Dart, Eiffel, Fortran 2003, Haxe, Java, JavaScript, Kotlin, Logo, MATLAB, Objective-C, Object Pascal, Perl, PHP, Python, R, Raku, Ruby, Scala, SIMSCRIPT, Simula, Smalltalk, Swift, Vala and Visual Basic (.NET).
American International University-Bangladesh
American International University-Bangladesh commonly known by its acronym AIUB, is a private research university in Dhaka, Bangladesh. This university was established in 1994. It offers several degree programs at the undergraduate and graduate levels from its five faculties.

Umpire
An umpire is an official in a variety of sports and competition, responsible for enforcing the rules of the sport, including sportsmanship decisions such as ejection.

The term derives from the Old French nonper, non, 'not' and per, 'equal': 'one who is requested to act as arbiter of a dispute between two people' (as evidenced in cricket, where dismissal decisions can only be made on appeal). Noumper shows up around 1350 before undergoing a linguistic shift known as false splitting. It was written in 1426–1427 as a noounpier; the n was lost with the a indefinite article becoming an. The earliest version without the n shows up as owmpere, a variant spelling in Middle English, circa 1440. The leading n became permanently attached to the article, changing it to an Oumper around 1475.

The word was applied to the officials of many sports including baseball, association football (where it has been superseded by assistant-referee) and cricket (which still uses it).
Cieszęcin
Cieszęcin [t͡ɕɛˈʂɛnt͡ɕin] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wieruszów, within Wieruszów County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) north-east of Wieruszów and 102 km (63 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Wieruszów County
Wieruszów County (Polish: powiat wieruszowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Wieruszów, which lies 106 kilometres (66 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

The county covers an area of 576.22 square kilometres (222.5 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 42,336, out of which the population of Wieruszów is 8,759 and the rural population is 33,577.
River Fiddich
The River Fiddich (Scottish Gaelic: Fiodhach / Abhainn Fhiodhaich) is a right bank tributary of the River Spey in northeast Scotland. It rises on the eastern slopes of Corriehabbie Hill in Glenfiddich Forest and flows northeastwards beneath the A941 road, past Auchindoun Castle to a sharp bend adjacent to the A920 road where it turns westwards to flow to Dufftown. The Fiddich is joined on the eastern edge of the town by the Dullan Water which drains Glen Rinnes. Their combined waters then flow generally northwestwards, passing beneath the B9014 road near Balvenie Castle and then the A95 at Craigellachie immediately before meeting the Spey.

The headwaters of the Dullan Water, the Burn of Favat and the Corryhabbie Burn, meet at Milltown of Laggan before flowing as the Dullan, northeastwards to Dufftown. There are distilleries adjacent to both rivers, notably that producing Glenfiddich whisky.

Whisky
Whisky or whiskey is a type of liquor made from fermented grain mash. Various grains (which may be malted) are used for different varieties, including barley, corn, rye, and wheat. Whisky is typically aged in wooden casks, commonly of charred white oak. Uncharred white oak casks previously used for the aging of port, rum, or sherry may be employed during storage to impart a unique flavour and colour.

Whisky is a strictly regulated spirit worldwide with many classes and types. The typical unifying characteristics of the different classes and types are the fermentation of grains, distillation, and aging in wooden barrels.
2012 Men's Pan-American Volleyball Cup
The 2012 Pan-American Volleyball Cup was the seventh edition of the annual men's volleyball tournament, played by eight countries over July, 2012 in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. The event served as a qualifier for the 2013 FIVB Volleyball World League qualification.

The United States won the tournament for the fifth time after beating Argentina 3–0 in the final.

Dominican Republic earned the right to play in the 2013 FIVB Volleyball World League qualification finishing third after United States and Argentina who are already qualified to the 2013 FIVB Volleyball World League

United States men's national volleyball team
The United States men's national volleyball team represents the country in international competitions and friendly matches. The team is governed by USA Volleyball, and it has won six Olympic medals, three of them gold.
Valerii Padytel
Valerii Borysovych Padytel (Ukrainian: Валерій Борисович Падитель; born 26 July 1978, Dunaivtsi, Khmelnytskyi Oblast) is a Ukrainian serviceman, colonel of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine, a participant of the Russian-Ukrainian war. Hero of Ukraine (2022).

State Border Guard Service of Ukraine
The State Border Guard Service of Ukraine (abbr.  SBGSU; Ukrainian: Державна Прикордонна Служба України, romanized: Derzhavna Prykordonna Sluzhba Ukrainy, pronounced [derˈʒɑu̯nɐ prɪkorˈdɔnːɐ ˈsluʒbɐ ʊkrɐˈjinɪ]; abbr. ДПСУ, DPSU) is the border guard of Ukraine. It is an independent law enforcement agency, organized by the Constitution of Ukraine as a military formation, the head of which is subordinated to the President of Ukraine.

The Service was created on July 31, 2003, after the reorganization of the State Committee for Protection of the State Border. During wartime, units of the State Border Guard Service fall under the command of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. The State Border Guard Service includes the Ukrainian Sea Guard, which is the country's coast guard. It is also responsible for running Temporary Detention Centres, in which refugees are held.
Achille Falcone
Achille Falcone (ca. 1570-75 – 9 November 1600) was an Italian composer.

Born in Cosenza, the son of Antonio Falcone, he was maestro di cappella at Caltagirone, Sicily, and known for his madrigals. He was challenged to a musical duel by Sebastian Raval, maestro di cappella at Palermo, which Falcone won, but the decision was later reversed. After his son's early death, his father Antonio published the materials of the duel in his Relazione del successo to defend his son's reputation.

Kapellmeister
Kapellmeister (/kəˈpɛlmaɪstər/ kə-PEL-my-stər, US also /kɑːˈ-/ kah-, German: [kaˈpɛlˌmaɪstɐ] ⓘ), from Kapelle ('chapel') and Meister ('master'), literally 'master of the chapel choir', is a word of German origin that designates the leader of an ensemble of musicians. Originally used to refer to somebody in charge of music in a chapel, the term has evolved considerably in its meaning and is today used for denoting the leader of a musical ensemble, often smaller ones used for TV, radio, and theatre.
Jerzy Mruk
Jerzy Mruk (17 February 1938 – 29 October 2023) was a Polish ice hockey goaltender and manager, widely credited with popularising the sport in his native country.

Mruk coached the Poland national team a record 161 times including  (alongside Leszek Lejczyk) at the Winter Olympics in Calgary in 1988 and Albertville in 1992.

After his coaching career he went on to work on behalf of the PZHL. He was also one of the initiators of the play-off system in the PLH.

Mruk died on 29 October 2023, at the age of 85.

Polska Hokej Liga
The Polska Hokej Liga (PHL) is the premier ice hockey league in Poland. The highest professional level of ice hockey in Poland is the Polish Hockey League (PHL); also referred to as the Polska Hokej Liga. Previously, it was known as the I Liga or Ekstraklasa from 1926 to 1999, and the Polska Liga Hokejowa from 1999 to 2013. In 2013, it was reorganized as a limited liability company and renamed the Polska Hokej Liga. It follows a system of relegation to and promotion to/from the Polish 1. Liga.

In the 2021–22 season, nine hockey clubs spread across Poland made up the league. Teams from the PHL can participate in the IIHF's annual Champions Hockey League (CHL), competing for the European Trophy. Participation is based on the strength of the various leagues in Europe (excluding the European/Asian Kontinental Hockey League). Going into the 2022–23 CHL season, the PHL was ranked the No. 12 league in Europe, allowing them to send their top team to compete in the CHL.
Nickel Coin Mares' Standard Open NH Flat Race
The Nickel Coin Mares' Standard Open NH Flat Race is a Grade 2 National Hunt flat race in Great Britain which is open to fillies and mares aged four to six years. It is run at Aintree over a distance of about 2 miles and 1 furlong (2 miles and 209 yards, or 3,410 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year during the Grand National meeting in early April.

The race is named after Nickel Coin, the winner of the 1951 Grand National and the most recent mare to win the Grand National. The race was first run in 2005 with Listed status, then was promoted to Grade 2 in 2016.

National Hunt racing
National Hunt Racing, also known as Jump Racing, is a form of horse racing particular to many European countries, including, but not limited to:  France, Great Britain and Ireland. Jump Racing requires horses to jump over fences and ditches.

In the UK, National Hunt Racing is divided into two major distinct branches: Hurdling and Steeplechase, as well as flat races called “Bumpers”. Hurdling involves horses jumping over Hurdles, while Steeplechase involves the horses jumping over a variety of different obstacles that includes fences, water jump or an open ditch. Some of the biggest National Hunt events of the year in the UK are the Grand National and the Cheltenham Gold Cup.