hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
National Quantum Mission India
National Quantum Mission India is an initiative by the Department of Science and Technology, Government of India, to foster quantum technologies related scientific and industrial research and development to support national Digital India, Make India, Skill India and Sustainable development goals.

Make in India
Make in India is an initiative by the Government of India to create and encourage companies to develop, manufacture and assemble products in India and incentivize dedicated investments into manufacturing. The policy approach was to create a conducive environment for investments, develop a modern and efficient infrastructure, and open up new sectors for foreign capital.

Make in India has been unsuccessful at achieving its stated targets. Under this programme, the share of manufacturing in GDP was projected to reach 25% by 2022. However, the GDP share of manufacturing has actually fallen from 16.7% in 2013–2014 to 15.9% in 2023–2024.
Changi Sailing Club
Changi Sailing Club (Abbreviation: CSC; Chinese: 樟宜帆船俱乐部) is a sailing club located in Changi, in the North-East of Singapore. It regularly organises and holds competitions for both dinghies as well as keelboats. Started in 1936, the club has had a rich history and is known for having produced notable sailors such as Benedict Tan, Siew Shaw Her, and more recently, Teo Wee Chin. It was originally the Royal Air Force sailing club alongside RAF Changi.  The Sembawang Dockyard history also gives little mention of the years it was a Royal Naval Dockyard.

The club houses a bar where patrons can enjoy the seaview. The bar offers drinks and finger food.

Dinghy
A dinghy  is a type of small boat, often carried or towed by a larger vessel for use as a tender. Utility dinghies are usually rowboats or have an outboard motor.  Some are rigged for sailing but they differ from sailing dinghies, which are designed first and foremost for sailing.  A dinghy's main use is for transfers from larger boats, especially when the larger boat cannot dock at a suitably-sized port or marina.

The term "dinghy towing" sometimes is used to refer to the practice of towing a car or other smaller vehicle behind a motorhome, by analogy to towing a dinghy behind a yacht.
Perelyoshinsky
Pereleshinsky (Russian: Перелёшинский) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Paninsky District of Voronezh Oblast, Russia. Population: 2,577 (2021 Census); 3,122 (2010 Census); 3,303 (2002 Census); 3,611 (1989 Soviet census).

Paninsky District
Paninsky District  (Russian: Па́нинский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-two in Voronezh Oblast, Russia. It is located in the north of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,398 square kilometers (540 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a work settlement) of Panino. Population: 24,236 (2021 Census); 29,231 (2010 Census); 33,017 (2002 Census); 36,143 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Panino accounts for 24.7% of the district's total population.
Niagara Falls Armory
Niagara Falls Armory is a historic New York National Guard armory located at Niagara Falls in Niagara County, New York.  It consists of a two-story, hip-roofed administrative building with a one-story drill hall built in 1895 in a castellated, fortress-like style typical of that period. It was designed by architect Isaac G. Perry.  The administration building features a 4+1⁄2-story round tower at the southwest corner, and a three-story round tower at the northwest corner.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.

Arsenal
An arsenal is a place where arms and ammunition are made, maintained and repaired, stored, or issued, in any combination, whether privately or publicly owned. Arsenal and armoury (British English) or armory (American English) are mostly regarded as synonyms, although subtle differences in usage exist.

A sub-armory is a place of temporary storage or carrying of weapons and ammunition, such as any temporary post or patrol vehicle that is only operational in certain times of the day.
Charlotte von Siebold
Marian Theodore Charlotte Heidenreich von Siebold (12 September 1788 – 8 July 1859) was a German physician. She is regarded as the first gynecologist in Germany. She was the daughter of the physicians Damian and Regina von Siebold and was an early assistant of her parents. She graduated with a degree in obstetrics at the Giessen University in 1817.

She assisted at both Queen Victoria's birth on 24 May 1819 at Kensington Palace in London and Queen Victoria's first cousin and husband Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha's birth on 26 August 1819 at Rosenau Palace near Coburg.

University of Giessen
University of Giessen, official name Justus Liebig University Giessen (German: Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen), is a large public research university in Giessen, Hesse, Germany. It is one of the oldest institutions of higher education in the German-speaking world. It is named after its most famous faculty member, Justus von Liebig, the founder of modern agricultural chemistry and inventor of artificial fertiliser. It covers the areas of arts/humanities, business, dentistry, economics, law, medicine, science, social sciences and veterinary medicine. Its university hospital, which has two sites, Giessen and Marburg (the latter of which is the teaching hospital of the University of Marburg), is the only private university hospital in Germany.
Juha Pasoja
Juha Pasoja (born 16 November 1976) is a Finnish football coach and former defender. From 2020 to 2024, he was the head coach of Mikkelin Palloilijat (MP) in second-tier Ykkösliiga. Before that, he was the head coach of Dreams FC in Ghana Premier League. Currently Pasoja works for EIF youth sector.

Veikkausliiga
Veikkausliiga (Finnish: [ˈʋei̯kːɑusˌliːɡɑ]) is a professional association football league in Finland and the highest level of the Finnish football league system. The league comprises the top 12 clubs of the country. Its main sponsor is the Finnish national betting agency Veikkaus, hence the league's name. Veikkausliiga was founded in 1990; before that the top division was called Mestaruussarja (championship series) since 1930 which was an amateur or semi-professional league. Between 1908 and 1930 the championship was decided as a knock-out cup competition.
Frilford Heath, Ponds and Fens
Frilford Heath, Ponds and Fens is a 108.8-hectare (269-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest in Frilford, west of Abingdon in Oxfordshire. An area of 3 hectares (7.4 acres), separate from the main site is Hitchcopse Pit, a nature reserve managed by the Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire Wildlife Trust.

Natural England describes the acid grassland, heathland and valley fens of this site as unique in southern England. Over 400 vascular plants have been recorded, including some which are nationally rare. There are unusual insects such as the wasp Microdynerus exilis, which was only recognised as native to Britain in the late twentieth century, the red data book of threatened species fly Cheilosia mutabilis, and the nationally uncommon Epistrophe diaphana.

There is no public access the main site, which is almost all on Frilford Heath Golf Course, but Hitchcopse Pit is open to the public.

Cheilosia mutabilis
Cheilosia mutabilis is a European  species of hoverfly. Like most Cheilosia it is black, and because of this may often be overlooked as a hoverfly. It is little recorded, and is considered rare and scarce throughout most of its range.
Srinagar railway station
Srinagar railway station is a railway station of the city of Srinagar in the Jammu and Kashmir, India.

The station is part of the Jammu–Baramulla line and lies in the newly created Jammu division, which once completed, will connect the city to the rail network of India. Currently, services are to Baramulla and Banihal. The railway line has now fully completed is expected to increase tourism and travel to the Kashmir Valley.

The Chenab Bridge, between Sangaldan Railway Station and  Reasi Railway Station.was completed in 2022.

The station is also planned to be part of a second railway line, the Srinagar–Kargil–Leh line.

Jammu
Jammu (/ˈdʒʌmuː/) is a city in Indian-administered  Jammu and Kashmir in the Jammu region. It is the winter capital of the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir.  It is the headquarters and the largest city in Jammu district. Lying on the banks of the river Tawi, the city of Jammu, with an area of 240 km2 (93 sq mi), is surrounded by the Himalayas in the north and the northern plains in the south. Jammu is the second-most populous city of the union territory. Jammu is known as "City of Temples" for its ancient temples and Hindu shrines.
Brumby (surname)
Brumby is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Beatrice Brumby (1914–2012), Australian pioneer

Colin Brumby (1933–2018), Australian composer and conductor

Christine Brumby (born 1965), Aboriginal Australian artist born in Areyonga, Northern Territory

Frank H. Brumby (1874–1950), American admiral

Glen Brumby (born 1960), Australian squash player

John Brumby (born 1953), Australian politician, premier of Victoria 2007–10

Monique Brumby (born 1974), Australian musician

Sandy Brumby (born c. 1950), Aboriginal Australian artist

Beatrice Brumby
Beatrice Mary Brumby or Beatrice Bell (née Lennon; 8 January 1914 – 31 March 2012) was a pioneering woman from Central Australia and northern South Australia who contributed significantly to the development of the pastoral and tourism industries.
Diocese of San Miguel (El Salvador)
The Diocese of San Miguel (Latin: Dioecesis Sancti Michaelis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in El Salvador. It is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of San Salvador. The Diocese of San Miguel was erected on 11 February 1913.

Metropolis (religious jurisdiction)
A metropolis, metropolitanate or metropolitan diocese is an episcopal see whose bishop is the metropolitan bishop or archbishop of an ecclesiastical province. Metropolises, historically, have been important cities in their provinces.
Hawksbury Lagoon
Hawksbury Lagoon is situated within the East Otago town of Waikouaiti, on the northern boundary of Dunedin City, New Zealand.

It is a designated Wildlife Refuge under the Reserves Act 1977, and is administered by the Department of Conservation (DOC). It is listed as an ‘Area of significance’ within the Dunedin City Council and Otago Regional Council Plans. It is 51 hectares (130 acres) in size, with a perimeter of 5 kilometres (3.1 mi). It is regarded as being a regionally significant wetland.

Reserves Act 1977
The Reserves Act 1977 is an Act of Parliament passed in New Zealand. It is administered by the Department of Conservation

It contains provisions for the acquisition, control, management, maintenance, development and use of public reserves.
San Francisco Cajonos
San Francisco Cajonos is a town and municipality in Oaxaca in south-western Mexico. The municipality covers an area of 25.52 km2. 
It is part of the Villa Alta District in the center of the Sierra Norte Region.

As of 2005, the municipality had a total population of 371.

Sierra Norte de Oaxaca
La Sierra Norte de Oaxaca is a heavily wooded region in the state of Oaxaca, Mexico. 
It is 62 km from the city of Oaxaca on Federal highway 175, heading east towards Tuxtepec.  
The region is divided into three districts: Ixtlán, which has 26 municipalities, Villa Alta, which has 25 municipalities and Mixe, which has 17 municipalities.
Srinivasan Venkatakrishnan
Srinivasan Venkatakrishnan is an Indian-born UK mining and restructuring executive. He is the chairman of Endeavour Mining. He joined Weir Group in January 2021, and BlackRock World Mining Trust in August 2021 both as a non-executive director.

He previously was CEO of Vedanta Resources plc between 2018 and 2020 and was CEO of AngloGold Ashanti Limited between 2013 and 2018, having previously been chief financial officer of the business from 2005, and of Ashanti Goldfields Corporation from 2000.

He is a chartered accountant and commerce graduate from the University of Madras, India.

AngloGold Ashanti
AngloGold Ashanti Limited is a South African gold mining company, with global operations. With a diverse portfolio of cooperation, projects, and exploration activities, AngloGold Ashanti was formed in 2004 by the merger of AngloGold and the Ashanti Goldfields Corporation. Based on 2023 production, it was the world’s 7th largest gold miner 21 mining operations across four continents, listed on the New York, Johannesburg, Accra, London, and Australian stock exchanges, as well as the Paris and Brussels bourses.
Hutch Lake (Alberta)
Hutch Lake is a man-made lake in northern Alberta, Canada within Mackenzie County. It is located on the Highway 35 (the Mackenzie Highway), approximately 35 km (22 mi) north of the Town of High Level.

Hutch Lake was constructed in October 1989, officially opening on June 22, 1990, to fulfill the need for a long-term water source for High Level. The lake features a recreation area, privately owned residential lots and trail systems. The recreation area includes a campground and a day use area and the trails are used for hiking, quadding, skiing and snowmobiling.

Northern Alberta
Northern Alberta is a geographic region located in the Canadian province of Alberta.

An informally defined cultural region, the boundaries of Northern Alberta are not fixed. Under some schemes, the region encompasses everything north of the centre of the Calgary–Edmonton Corridor, including most of the province's landmass as well as its capital, Edmonton. Other schemes place Edmonton and its surrounding farmland in Central Alberta, limiting Northern Alberta to the northern half of the province, where forestry, oil, and gas are the dominant industries.

Its primary industry is oil and gas, with large heavy oil reserves being exploited at the Athabasca oil sands and Wabasca area in the east of the region. Natural gas is extracted in Peace region and Chinchaga-Rainbow areas in the west, and forestry and logging are also developed in the boreal forests of this region. As of 2023, the region had a population of approximately 374,572.
Rineloricaria langei
Rineloricaria langei is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Iraí River, which is a tributary of the Iguazu River in the state of Paraná in Brazil. It is typically found in small streams with slow to moderate flow and a substrate composed primarily of sand, although rocks and organic debris are also usually present. The species reaches 11.7 cm (4.6 inches) in standard length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather.

Loricariidae
Loricariidae is the largest family of catfish (order Siluriformes), with over 90 genera and just over 680 species. Loricariids originate from freshwater habitats of Costa Rica, Panama, and tropical and subtropical South America. These fish are noted for the bony plates covering their bodies and their suckermouths. Several genera are sold as "plecos", notably the suckermouth catfish, Hypostomus plecostomus, and are popular as aquarium fish.
Haglund
Haglund is a Swedish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

A. J. Haglund (born 1983), American football player

Carl Haglund, Finnish politician

Carl Haglund (real estate), American landlord and real estate developer

Dean Haglund, Canadian actor

Hallie Haglund, American comedian

Ivar Haglund (1905–1985), American folk singer and founder of Ivar's

Karl Haglund, Swedish track and field athlete

Kerstin Haglund, Swedish orienteering competitor

Kirsten Haglund (born 1988), Miss America winner

Lars Haglund, Swedish discus thrower

Linda Haglund, Swedish Olympic sprinter

Maria Haglund, Swedish sprint canoer

Philip Haglund, Swedish footballer

Sophie Haglund, Swedish actress

Karl Haglund
Karl Haglund (24 September 1890 – 5 November 1971) was a Swedish track and field athlete, who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics. In 1912, he was eliminated in the first round of the 800 metres competition.
Lisa Brankin
Lisa Brankin is managing director of Ford of Britain and has been a Ford employee since 1990 when she joined the company as a graduate trainee. She has held sixteen different positions inside the company.

She grew up in Lisburn Co. Antrim and studied at Ulster University when it was based at the Jordanstown campus.  She was conferred with an honorary degree by her alma mater in 2023.

Branklin was promoted to managing director in 2020 and was appointed Ford UK and Ireland chair in 2023. Prior to this promotion, she was the UK marketing director and was suggesting an autonomous Ford with lidar would hit the streets in 2021.

Lisburn
Lisburn (/ˈlɪzbɜːrn, ˈlɪsbɜːrn/ LIZ-burn, LISS-burn; Irish: Lios na gCearrbhach [ˌl̠ʲɪsˠ n̪ˠə ˈɟaːɾˠ(ə)wəx] ⓘ) is a city in Northern Ireland. It is 8 mi (13 km) southwest of Belfast city centre, on the River Lagan, which forms the boundary between County Antrim and County Down. First laid out in the 17th century by English and Welsh settlers, with the arrival of French Huguenots in the 18th century, the town developed as a global centre of the linen industry.

In 2002, as part of Queen Elizabeth's Golden Jubilee celebrations, the predominantly unionist borough was granted city status alongside the largely nationalist town of Newry. With a population of 45,370 in the 2011 Census, Lisburn was the third-largest city in Northern Ireland. In the 2016 reform of local government in Northern Ireland Lisburn was joined with the greater part of Castlereagh to form the Lisburn City and Castlereagh District.
Valentine Ratz
Valentine Ratz (November 12, 1848 – March 1, 1924) was a Canadian lumber merchant and politician in the province of Ontario.

Born in St. Jacobs, County of Waterloo, Canada West, the son of Jacob Ratz, Ratz received his education at Pine Hill Public School. As a lumber merchant, he was President of the South River Lumber Company of Parry Sound District. In 1879 he entered the municipal council of the Township of Stephen and was Deputy Reeve and Reeve. He was also elected Warden of the County of Huron in 1886. In 1873, Ratz married Mary Yagers. He was first elected to the House of Commons of Canada for the electoral district of Middlesex North in the general election of 1896. A Liberal, he was defeated in the 1900 federal election and was re-elected in the 1904 federal election. He was summoned to the Senate of Canada for the senatorial division of Parkhill, Ontario on the advice of Prime Minister Wilfrid Laurier in 1909. He served until his death in Guelph in 1924.

1896 Canadian federal election
The 1896 Canadian federal election was held on June 23, 1896, to elect members of the House of Commons of Canada of the 8th Parliament of Canada. Though the Conservative Party, led by Prime Minister Charles Tupper, won a plurality of the popular vote, the Liberal Party, led by Wilfrid Laurier, won the majority of seats (with only 41 percent of the vote) to form the next government. The election ended 18 years of Conservative rule. Laurier became the first leader of a political party to win an election after losing in their first bid, a feat only accomplished by Stephen Harper in 2006.

This was first election in Canada to produce a House of Commons with elected members of four parties. The Liberals and Conservative shared the chamber with elected members of the farmer-based Patrons of Industry and McCarthyites.
Phase problem
In physics, the phase problem is the problem of loss of information concerning the phase that can occur when making a physical measurement. The name comes from the field of X-ray crystallography, where the phase problem has to be solved for the determination of a structure from diffraction data. The phase problem is also met in the fields of imaging and signal processing. Various approaches of phase retrieval have been developed over the years.

Imaging
Imaging is the process of creating visual representations of objects, scenes, or phenomena. The term encompasses both the formation of images through physical processes and the technologies used to capture, store, process, and display them. While traditional imaging relies on visible light, modern imaging systems can visualize information across the electromagnetic spectrum and through other physical phenomena such as sound waves, magnetic fields, and particle emissions, enabling the visualization of subjects invisible to the human eye.

Imaging science is the multidisciplinary field concerned with the theoretical foundations and practical applications of image creation and analysis. The field draws on physics, mathematics, electrical engineering, computer science, computer vision, and perceptual psychology to develop systems that generate, collect, duplicate, analyze, modify, and visualize images.
DeepSeek (chatbot)
DeepSeek is a generative artificial intelligence chatbot developed by the Chinese company DeepSeek. Released on 20 January 2025, DeepSeek-R1 surpassed ChatGPT as the most downloaded freeware app on the iOS App Store in the United States by 27 January. DeepSeek's success against larger and more established rivals has been described as "upending AI" and initiating "a global AI space race". DeepSeek's compliance with Chinese government censorship policies and its data collection practices have also raised concerns over privacy and information control in the model, prompting regulatory scrutiny in multiple countries. However, it has also been praised for its open weights and infrastructure code, energy efficiency and contributions to open-source artificial intelligence.

ByteDance
ByteDance is a Chinese internet technology company headquartered in Haidian, Beijing. Its associated variable-interest entity ByteDance Ltd is incorporated in the Cayman Islands.

Founded by Zhang Yiming, Liang Rubo, and a team of others in 2012, ByteDance developed the video-sharing app TikTok/Douyin. The company is also the developer of the news platform Toutiao, the video-editing app CapCut, and Lemon8 which is a video sharing mobile app.

ByteDance has attracted regulatory and media attention in several countries over security, surveillance, and censorship concerns.
Madonna of the Rose Garden (Botticelli)
The Madonna of the Rose Garden is a tempera painting on panel by the Italian Renaissance painter from Florence, Sandro Botticelli between 1469 and 1470. It is one of his earliest paintings and is now in the Uffizi Gallery in Florence, Italy.

Uffizi
The Uffizi Gallery (UK: /juːˈfɪtsi, ʊˈfiːtsi/ yoo-FIT-see, uu-FEET-see; Italian: Galleria degli Uffizi, pronounced [ɡalleˈriːa deʎʎ ufˈfittsi]) is a prominent art museum adjacent to the Piazza della Signoria in the Historic Centre of Florence in the region of Tuscany, Italy. One of the most important Italian museums and the most visited, it is also one of the largest and best-known in the world and holds a collection of priceless works, particularly from the period of the Italian Renaissance.

After the ruling House of Medici died out, their art collections were given to the city of Florence under the famous Patto di famiglia ("family pact") negotiated by Anna Maria Luisa, the last Medici heiress. The Uffizi is one of the first modern museums. The gallery had been open to visitors by request since the sixteenth century, and in 1769 it was officially opened to the public, formally becoming a museum in 1865.