hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Marguerite Gertrud Anna Henrici
Marguerite Gertrud Anna Henrici (22 February 1892, Basle, Switzerland – 28 July 1971, Bloemfontein, South Africa) was a Swiss-born South African plant physiologist. She is the author of over 80 scientific papers on food value of South African grasses and veld types. She was a member of the South African Association for the Advancement of Science, the South African Biological Society, and an honorary member of the South African Association of Botanist. She is commemorated in the genus names Neohenricia L. Bolus and Salsola henriciae Verd.

Plant physiology
Plant physiology is a subdiscipline of botany concerned with the functioning, or physiology, of plants. A professional in this field is called a Plant physiologist.

Plant physiologists study fundamental processes of plants, such as photosynthesis, respiration, plant nutrition, plant hormone functions, tropisms, nastic movements, photoperiodism, photomorphogenesis, circadian rhythms, environmental stress physiology, seed germination, dormancy and stomata function, and transpiration. Plant physiology interacts with the fields of plant morphology (structure of plants), plant ecology (interactions with the environment), phytochemistry (biochemistry of plants), cell biology, genetics, biophysics and molecular biology.
Spanish corvette Doña María de Molina
Doña María de Molina, often referred to as María de Molina, was a Spanish Navy screw corvette in commission from 1869 to 1886. She was commissioned under the Provisional Government of Spain (1868–1871) that governed the country after the Glorious Revolution of 1868, and then served under the Kingdom of Spain from 1871 to 1873, the First Spanish Republic from 1873 to 1874, and again under the kingdom after the Bourbon Restoration in 1874.

During early service in home waters Doña María de Molina saw combat in 1873 during the Cantonal Rebellion. She later operated in the Spanish East Indies in East Asia. After she was hulked at Ponape (now Pohnpei) in the Caroline Islands in 1887, she served as a refuge for Spaniards during a violent uprising by native people.

Doña María de Molina was named for María de Molina (ca. 1265–1321), queen consort of Castile and León from 1284 to 1295. María de Molina also served as queen regent of Castile from 1295 until ca. 1301 and again from 1312 to 1321.

Glorious Revolution (Spain)
The Glorious Revolution (Spanish: la Gloriosa or la Septembrina) took place in Spain in 1868, resulting in the deposition of Queen Isabella II. The success of the revolution marked the beginning of the Sexenio Democrático with the installation of a provisional government.
Inspector-General of the Australian Defence Force
Established under section 110B of the Defence Act 1903, the Inspector-General of the Australian Defence Force (IGADF) is a statutory office in the Australian Department of Defence with a range of roles relating to military justice in the Australian Defence Force (ADF). The office holder is appointed by the Minister for Defence and is independent of the ADF chain-of-command.

As of November 2024, the office-holder is James Gaynor, who has held office since 1 December 2016.

The IGADF was responsible for conducting the inquiry chaired by Major General Paul Brereton into possible breaches of the law of armed conflict by ADF personnel in the War in Afghanistan. The Brereton Report was released in November 2020.

Command hierarchy
A command hierarchy or chain of command is a group of people who carry out orders based on others' authority within the group. Certain aspects of a command hierarchy tend to be similar, including rank, unity of command, and strict accountability. Command hierarchies are used in the military and other organizations. Systemic biases may arise in homogenous groups of command.
Walter Hester
Walter McCree Hester Sr. was an American politician. He served in the Mississippi state legislature from 1952 to 1964.

Hester was opposed to racial integration of Mississippi schools. He opposed the participation of the 1962–63 Mississippi State Bulldogs men's basketball team in the 1963 NCAA University Division basketball tournament on the grounds that the team would face the majority-black Loyola Ramblers team. The Bulldogs ultimately did participate in the tournament, facing the Ramblers in what is now known as the Game of Change.

Hester died of heart failure on May 25, 1988, in Jackson, Mississippi.

1963 NCAA University Division basketball tournament
The 1963 NCAA University Division basketball tournament involved 25 schools playing in single-elimination play to determine the national champion of men's NCAA Division I college basketball in the United States. The 25th annual edition of the tournament began on March 9, 1963, and ended with the championship game on March 23, at Freedom Hall in Louisville, Kentucky. A total of 29 games were played, including a third-place game in each region and a national third-place game.

Loyola University Chicago, coached by George Ireland, won the national title with a 60–58 overtime victory in the final game, over the University of Cincinnati, coached by Ed Jucker. Art Heyman, of Duke University, was named the tournament's Most Outstanding Player.  This tournament marked the last time that a city was host to two straight Final Fours.
1886–87 United States Senate elections
The 1886–87 United States Senate elections were held on various dates in various states. As these U.S. Senate elections were prior to the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, senators were chosen by state legislatures. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1886 and 1887, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to legislative deadlock. In these elections, terms were up for the senators in Class 1.

The Republican Party lost two seats.  At the beginning of the 50th Congress, therefore, Republicans had the slimmest possible majority due to a vacant Democratic seat: 38 out of 75 seats.  Once that vacancy was filled, Republicans maintained control as the single Readjuster senator caucused with them.

Gridlock (politics)
In politics, gridlock or deadlock or political stalemate is a situation when there is difficulty passing laws that satisfy the needs of the people. A government is gridlocked when the ratio between bills passed and the agenda of the legislature decreases. Gridlock can occur when two legislative houses, or the executive branch and the legislature are controlled by different political parties, or otherwise cannot agree.

The word "gridlock" is used here as a metaphor – referring to the traffic standstill which results when congestion causes the flow to freeze up completely.
Daniel Berthiaume
Daniel J. Berthiaume (born January 26, 1966) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey goaltender who played six seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) with the Winnipeg Jets, Minnesota North Stars, Los Angeles Kings, Boston Bruins, and Ottawa Senators.

Minnesota North Stars
The Minnesota North Stars were a professional ice hockey team in the National Hockey League (NHL) for 26 seasons, from 1967 to 1993. The North Stars played their home games at the Met Center in Bloomington, Minnesota, and the team's colors for most of its history were green, yellow, gold and white. The North Stars played 2,062 regular season games and made the NHL playoffs 17 times, including two Stanley Cup Final appearances, where they were defeated by the New York Islanders in 1981 and the Pittsburgh Penguins in 1991. After the 1992–93 season, the franchise moved to Dallas, and the team was renamed the Dallas Stars.
Darcy O'Brien
Darcy O'Brien (July 16, 1939 – March 2, 1998) was an award-winning American author of fiction and literary criticism, most well known for his work in the genre of true crime. His first novel, A Way of Life, Like Any Other, was a fictionalized account of his childhood in Hollywood. In 1985, he wrote a book about the Hillside Stranglers entitled Two of a Kind: The Hillside Stranglers, which was adapted into a made-for-television film called The Case of the Hillside Stranglers, starring Richard Crenna.

Richard Crenna
Richard Donald Crenna (November 30, 1926 – January 17, 2003) was an American actor and television director.

Crenna starred in such motion pictures as Made in Paris (1966), Marooned (1969), Breakheart Pass (1975), The Evil (1978), The Flamingo Kid (1984), Summer Rental (1985) and Sabrina (1995). His first success came on radio in 1948 as high school student Walter Denton co-starring with Eve Arden and Gale Gordon in the series Our Miss Brooks. Crenna continued with the comedy in its 1952 move into television. He also starred as Luke McCoy in the television series The Real McCoys (1957–1963). In 1985, he won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Limited or Anthology Series or Movie for his portrayal of the title role in The Rape of Richard Beck (1985). He gained further notoriety for his role as Colonel Samuel Richard "Sam" Trautman in the first three Rambo films (1982–1988).
Do Architects
Do Architects is a Lithuanian architecture and urban design studio founded in Vilnius in 2013 by architects Andrė Baldišiūtė, Gilma Teodora Gylytė, Sabina Grincevičiūtė and Algimantas Neniškis.

The studio focuses on large-scale conversion projects, public spaces, commercial, public and residential buildings.

With more than 50 full-time employees, Do Architects is among the largest architecture firms in both Lithuania and the Baltic states.

Since 2022, Do Architects is headquartered in Betono Fabrikas, a conversion project of a former concrete element factory in Vilnius' Vilkpėdė area. The studio itself is overseeing and advocating for a broader renewal of the territory.

Adaptive reuse
Adaptive reuse is the reuse of an existing building for a purpose other than that for which it was originally built or designed. It is also known as recycling or conversion. The adaptive reuse of buildings can be a viable alternative to new construction in terms of sustainability and a circular economy, and it has been used to create affordable housing, among other developments.
Maniacal Entropik Discordium
Maniacal Entropik Discordium is the second album by melodic death metal band Symphony of Heaven. The album was released in 2021, four years after the debut of The Season of Death on Nosral Recordings. The album is the debut of Eero Tertsunen (Renascent, The Slave Eye, Angel of Sodom) on guitars, David "Timōrātus" Napier (Timōrātus) on bass, and Mason "Asaph" Beard (Mystic Winter) on drums, which saw founder Logan "Pathos" Thompson switch from everything to solely guitars and vocals. The album was originally titled Entropy, however Thompson changed the title later on throughout the process.

The album was released by Rottweiler Records on December 17, 2021. The album was initially to be released on November 26, 2021, however, it was pushed back. The album also features a cover of Death's song "Flesh and the Power It Holds" off of the 1998 album, The Sound of Perseverance.

Angel of Sodom
Angel of Sodom is a thrash metal band that originated out of Helsinki, Finland. The band was created in 2009, founded by Eero Tertsunen, who also performs in Renascent, and Michael Majalahti. The band has released one studio album in 2015 and an EP in 2016. In 2016, the band went on a hiatus, due to Tertsunen moving to Bloomington, Indiana in the United States.
2012 NCAA Rifle Championships
The 2012 NCAA Rifle Championships were contested at the 33rd annual NCAA-sanctioned competition to determine the team and individual national champions of co-ed collegiate rifle shooting in the United States.

The championship was hosted by Ohio State University at the Lt. Hugh W. Wylie Range in Columbus, Ohio.

TCU won the team championship, the Horned Frogs' second NCAA national title in rifle.

TCU Horned Frogs
The TCU Horned Frogs are the athletic teams that represent Texas Christian University. The 18 varsity teams participate in NCAA Division I and in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) for football, competing mostly in the Big 12 Conference. The school was a founding member of the Southwest Conference and was a member of the Western Athletic Conference, Conference USA (CUSA), and the Mountain West Conference before joining the Big 12. One TCU team participates outside the Big 12 in a sport not sponsored by that conference. The rifle team competes in the Patriot Rifle Conference. The beach volleyball team formerly played in CUSA and the Coastal Collegiate Sports Association prior to the Big 12 sponsoring beach volleyball in 2024-25.

The "horned frog" nickname and mascot refer to the Texas horned lizard, also known as the "horned frog".
Inoue Tetsujirō
Inoue Tetsujirō (井上 哲次郎; February 1, 1855 – December 7, 1944) was a Japanese philosopher, poet and educator. He is known for introducing Western philosophy in Japan and for being a pioneer in Eastern philosophy. He became the first Japanese professor of philosophy at Tokyo Imperial University, and also served as the 2nd President of Daito Bunka Academy.

He condemned Christianity as fundamentally incompatible with the theocratic, polytheistic Japanese polity and thus considered its followers "inherently disloyal" to Japan. He compiled A Dictionary of Philosophy (哲学字彙, Tetsugaku jii), which was first published in 1881, again in 1884, and finally in 1912.

Theocracy
Theocracy or ethiocracy is a form of autocracy or oligarchy in which one or more deities are recognized as supreme ruling authorities giving divine guidance to human intermediaries with executive, legislative or judicial power who manage the government's daily affairs.
Smelowskia ovalis
Smelowskia ovalis is a species of flowering plant in the mustard family known by the common name alpine false candytuft. It is native to western North America from British Columbia to northern California, occurring mostly in the Cascade Range. It is a plant of alpine climates, growing in high mountain habitats such as talus and fellfields. It is clumpy in shape, producing several hairy stems growing upright to a maximum height around 18 centimeters. The densely hairy leaves are divided into several oval leaflets. The longest leaves are arranged around the base of the plant, and a few smaller ones occur higher up the stems. The inflorescence is a dense, spherical raceme of flowers that elongates as the fruits develop. The flowers have white or pink-tinged petals each a few millimeters long. The fruit is a short silique.

Silique
A silique or siliqua (pl. siliques or siliquae) is a type of fruit (seed capsule) having two fused carpels with the length being more than three times the width. When the length is less than three times the width of the dried fruit it is referred to as a silicle. The outer walls of the ovary (the valves) usually separate when ripe, then being named dehiscent, and leaving a persistent partition (the replum). Siliques are present in many members of the mustard family, Brassicaceae, but some species have silicles instead. Some species closely related to plants with true siliques have fruits with a similar structure that do not open when ripe; these are usually called indehiscent siliques (compare dehiscence).

Silicles of Lunaria annua – MHNT

Capsella bursa-pastoris with silicles

Indehiscent siliques of radish Raphanus sativus

Silique with seeds of Cardamine occulta

Siliques of the broccoli plant.
Abbey of St Martin, Autun
46°57′36″N 4°18′25″E﻿ / ﻿46.96°N 4.307°E﻿ / 46.96; 4.307

The Abbey of St. Martin is a former Benedictine monastery in Autun, Saône-et-Loire, France, to the northeast of the city just outside the city walls, on the right bank of the Arroux and to the north of the Roman road from Autun to Langres, Beaune and Besançon.

Saône-et-Loire
Saône-et-Loire (French pronunciation: [sonelwaʁ]; Arpitan: Sona-et-Lêre) is a department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in France. It is named after the rivers Saône and Loire, between which it lies, in the country's central-eastern part.

Saône-et-Loire is Bourgogne-Franche-Comté's most populous department with a population of 551,493 as of 2019. It is also its southernmost department, as it is situated on the regional border with Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes. Saône-et-Loire's prefecture is Mâcon, with subprefectures in Autun, Chalon-sur-Saône, Charolles and Louhans. Its INSEE and postcode number is 71.
Allophylus rubifolius var. rhusiphyllus
Allophylus rubifolius var. rhusiphyllus is a variety of flowering plant in the family Sapindaceae. It is a shrub or tree native to northeastern Somalia and the Socotra Archipelago of Yemen. In the Socotra Archipelago it is a fairly common tree in submontane woodland.

Sapindaceae
The Sapindaceae are a family of flowering plants in the order Sapindales known as the soapberry family. It contains 138 genera and 1,858 accepted species. Examples include horse chestnut, maples, ackee and lychee.

The Sapindaceae occur in temperate to tropical regions, many in laurel forest habitat, throughout the world. Many are laticiferous, i.e. they contain latex, a milky sap, and many contain mildly toxic saponins with soap-like qualities in either the foliage and/or the seeds, or roots. The largest genera are Serjania, Paullinia, Allophylus and Acer.
Petersgaard
Petersgaard is a Neoclassical manor house and agricultural estate located between Kalvehave and Vordingborg in Vordingborg Municipality, on the southern part of Zealand, in southeastern Denmark. The Neoclassical main building overlooks Ulvsund and the Queen Alexandrine Bridge, with the island of Møn in the background.

Vordingborg
Vordingborg (Danish pronunciation: [ˌvɒːte̝ŋˈpɒˀ]) is a market town and old ferry town on the south coast of the island of Zealand in Denmark. Because of three large estates surrounding the town, a coherent urban development has not been possible, which is the reason why three satellite towns (former villages) have emerged around the town. Within the ring of estates, the town has a population of 12,093 (1 January 2025), and a population of 18,118 when including the three satellite towns of Ørslev, Nyråd, and Stensved, situated 1, 3 and 5 kilometres, respectively, from the town of Vordingborg. Vordingborg is located in Vordingborg Municipality in Region Zealand. Vordingborg Municipality (Kommune) has a population of 45,751.

Vordingborg is situated on the southern coast of the island of Zealand. It lies adjacent to the Storstrømmen, a strait separating the island of Zealand from the island of Falster.
Charleston Southern Buccaneers
The Charleston Southern Buccaneers are the athletic teams that represent Charleston Southern University, located in North Charleston, South Carolina, in intercollegiate sports at the Division I level of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), primarily competing in the Big South Conference since the 1983–84 academic year. The football program competes in the FCS, formerly known as I-AA.

Charleston Southern competes in sixteen intercollegiate varsity sports. Men's sports include baseball, basketball, cross country, football, golf, and track and field (indoor and outdoor); while women's sports include basketball, cross country, golf, soccer, softball, tennis, track and field (indoor and outdoor), and volleyball. Women's flag football will be added in the 2027–28 school year. Other sports formerly offered by the Buccaneers include men's soccer and men's tennis.

Charleston Southern University
Charleston Southern University (CSU) is a private university in North Charleston, South Carolina, United States. It is affiliated with the South Carolina Baptist Convention (Southern Baptist Convention).
Antti Raita
Anders "Antti" August Raita (15 November 1883 – 1 September 1968) was a Finnish road racing cyclist who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics. He was born in Turku and died in St. Clair Shores, Michigan, United States.

In 1912, he was a member of the Finnish cycling team, which finished fifth in the team time trial event. He finished sixth in the individual time trial competition. He won the Finnish national road race title in 1912 and 1913.

Cycling at the 1912 Summer Olympics – Men's team time trial
The men's team time trial was a road bicycle racing event held as part of the cycling at the 1912 Summer Olympics programme. It was the first appearance of the event. The competition was held on Sunday July 7, 1912.

Each nation that sent at least four cyclists to the individual time trial was also considered to have competed as a team. The times of the top four cyclists for each nation were summed to give a total team time, with the best total times winning. Great Britain had three teams, as the English, Irish, and Scottish cyclists were considered separate.

Belgium, Canada, and South Africa did not send enough cyclists to make a team.

Three teams did not have enough cyclists finish to earn a valid team score. Only three of Bohemia's five cyclists finished, as did three of Norway's six. Only one of Russia's ten cyclists finished.
Wuheida
Wuheida (foaled 21 February 2014) is a British Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare. As a juvenile she made an immediate impact, winning the Group 1 Prix Marcel Boussac on her second start and being rated the best filly of her generation trained in England. In the following year she missed the first half of the season through injury and then ran well in several major races before ending her season by winning the Breeders' Cup Filly & Mare Turf. In 2018 she won the Dahlia Stakes on her only appearance before her racing career was ended by injury.

Prix Marcel Boussac
The Prix Marcel Boussac is a Group 1 flat horse race in France open to two-year-old thoroughbred fillies. It is run at Longchamp over a distance of 1,600 metres (about 1 mile), and it is scheduled to take place each year in early October.

It is France's only Group 1 event exclusively for juvenile fillies. The leading participants usually become major contenders for the following year's fillies' Classics.
1912 New Zealand Liberal Party leadership election
The New Zealand Liberal Party leadership election 1912 was held on 22 March to choose the next leader of the New Zealand Liberal Party. The election was won by Thomas Mackenzie, who succeeded Joseph Ward.

Thomas Mackenzie
Sir Thomas Mackenzie GCMG  (10 March 1853 – 4 February 1930) was a New Zealand politician and explorer who briefly served as the 18th prime minister of New Zealand in 1912, and later served as New Zealand High Commissioner in London.
Chernihiv Raion
Chernihiv Raion  (Ukrainian: Чернігівський район) is a raion (district) of Chernihiv Oblast, northern Ukraine. Its administrative centre is the city of Chernihiv. Population: 445,430 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Chernihiv Oblast was reduced to five, and the area of Chernihiv Raion was significantly expanded. Four abolished raions, Horodnia, Kozelets, Kulykivka, and Ripky Raions, as well as part of Mena Raion and the city of Chernihiv, which was previously incorporated as a city of oblast significance and did not belong to the raion, were merged into Chernihiv Raion. Before the expansion, the raion covered an area of 2,547 square kilometres (983 mi2). The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 51,152 (2020 est.).

Chernihiv Oblast
Chernihiv Oblast (Ukrainian: Чернігівська область, romanized: Chernihivska oblast), also referred to as Chernihivshchyna (Ukrainian: Чернігівщина), is an oblast (province) in northern Ukraine. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Chernihiv. There are 1,511 settlements in the oblast, with a total population of 959,315 (2022 estimate).