hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Birmingham United F.C.
Birmingham United Football Club is a football club originally representing the village of Barnt Green, near Bromsgrove, in Worcestershire, England. Members of the Midland League Division Two, the club are currently based in nearby Redditch and play at the Valley Stadium.

Bromsgrove
Bromsgrove is a town in Worcestershire, England, about 16 miles (26 km) north-east of Worcester and 13 miles (21 km) south-west of Birmingham city centre. It had a population of 34,755 in at the 2021 census. It gives its name to the wider Bromsgrove District, of which it is the largest town and administrative centre. In the Middle Ages, it was a small market town, primarily producing cloth through the early modern period. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, it became a major centre for nail making.
Hubbert curve
The Hubbert curve is an approximation of the production rate of a resource over time.  It is a symmetric logistic distribution curve, often confused with the "normal" gaussian function.   It first appeared in "Nuclear Energy and the Fossil Fuels," geologist M. King Hubbert's 1956 presentation to the American Petroleum Institute, as an idealized symmetric curve, during his tenure at the Shell Oil Company.  It has gained a high degree of popularity in the scientific community for predicting the depletion of various natural resources.   The curve is the main component of Hubbert peak theory, which has led to the rise of peak oil concerns. Basing his calculations on the peak of oil well discovery in 1948, Hubbert used his model in 1956 to create a curve which predicted that oil production in the contiguous United States would peak around 1970.

Resource depletion
Resource depletion occurs when a natural resource is consumed faster than it can be replenished. The value of a resource depends on its availability in nature and the cost of extracting it. By the law of supply and demand, the scarcer the resource the more valuable it becomes. There are several types of resource depletion, including but not limited to: wetland and ecosystem degradation, soil erosion, aquifer depletion, and overfishing. The depletion of wildlife populations is called defaunation.

It is a matter of research and debate how humanity will be impacted and what the future will look like if resource consumption continues at the current rate, and when specific resources will be completely exhausted.
Sutagao people
The Sutagao are the Chibcha-speaking Indigenous people from the region of Fusagasugá, Bogotá savanna, Cundinamarca, Colombia. Knowledge about the Sutagao has been provided by scholar Lucas Fernández de Piedrahita.

Lucas Fernández de Piedrahita
Lucas Fernández de Piedrahita (1624, Bogotá – March 29, 1688) was a Spanish Neogranadine Roman Catholic prelate who served as the Bishop of Panamá (1676–1688)
and the Bishop of Santa Marta (1668–1676). He authored the Historia general de las conquistas de; Nuevo Reyno de Granada, a la S.C.R.M. de D. Carlos Segundo, 1688, which has shaped colonial era and modern understandings of the Muisca indigenous people.
Trypanorhyncha
Trypanorhyncha is an order of cestodes, a type of flatworm.

Some species infect gamefish, such as sciaenids, during the parasitic worm's plerocercoid stage, and are commonly called spaghetti worm because of their appearance, approximating cooked spaghetti.  Such species include Poecilancistrium caryophyllum and Pseudogrillotia pleistacantha.

Their scolex, or head region, has 2 to 4 bothria, or sucking grooves that cling onto the host. They have four retractable tentacles.

Spaghetti
Spaghetti (Italian: [spaˈɡetti]) is a long, thin, solid, cylindrical pasta. It is a staple food of traditional Italian cuisine. Like other pastas, spaghetti is made of milled wheat (sometimes enriched with vitamins and minerals) and water. Italian spaghetti is typically made from durum-wheat semolina. The pasta is usually white because refined flour is used, but whole wheat flour may be added. Spaghettoni is a thicker form of spaghetti, while spaghettini is a thinner form. Capellini is a very thin spaghetti, while vermicelli refers to intermediate thicknesses.

Originally, spaghetti was notably long, but shorter lengths gained in popularity during the second half of the 20th century and now it is most commonly available in 25–30 cm (10–12 in) lengths. A variety of pasta dishes are based on it and it is frequently served with tomato sauce, meat or vegetables.
South Thames Colleges Group
South Thames Colleges Group (STCG) is a large further education institution that operates four colleges in south-west London: South Thames College, Kingston College, Merton College, and Carshalton College. The four main campuses are in Wandsworth, Kingston upon Thames, Morden, and Carshalton.

Morden
Morden is a district and town in South London, England, now within the London Borough of Merton, in the ceremonial county of Greater London. It adjoins Merton Park and Wimbledon to the north, Mitcham to the east, Sutton to the south and Worcester Park to the west, and is around 8 miles (13 km) south-southwest of Charing Cross. Prior to the creation of Greater London in 1965, for local government purposes, Morden was in the administrative and historic county of Surrey.

At the 2011 census, Morden had a population of 48,233, including the wards of Cannon Hill, Lower Morden, Merton Park, Ravensbury and St Helier.

The district of Morden includes the town itself, Lower Morden, Morden Park, Cannon Hill, Merton Park and parts of St Helier.

Morden Hall Park, a National Trust park on the banks of the River Wandle adjacent to the town centre, is a key feature of the area. The Baitul Futuh Mosque, completed in 2003, is the largest mosque in Western Europe.
Jovan Jovanović Zmaj Gymnasium
Jovan Jovanović Zmaj Gymnasium (Serbian: Гимназија "Јован Јовановић Змај", Gimnazija "Jovan Jovanović Zmaj") is a secondary school in Novi Sad, Serbia. It is named after Jovan Jovanović Zmaj, a Serb poet. It was founded in 1810 by a donation of a wealthy merchant Sava Vuković from Novi Sad. Over the years the school developed into a prestigious institution whose alumni include numerous notable historical individuals.

The school was rebuilt in the 20th century, using the donations of baron Miloš Bajić who gave 20,000 forints.

Jovan Hadžić
Jovan Hadžić (Serbian Cyrillic: Јован Хаџић, pseudonym Miloš Svetić; 8 September 1799 – 28 April 1869) was a Serbian writer, legislator and initiator, that is, the principal co-founder of the Serbian cultural society Matica Srpska. He signed his literary work as Miloš Cvetić and was an influential figure in the drafting of the Civil and Criminal Code of Serbia in 1844. Serbia is the fourth modern-day European country after France, Austria and the Netherlands to have a codified legal system because of Hadžić's work.

Jovan Hadžić is remembered as a founder of the Matica Srpska and as the most persistent opponent of Vuk Karadžić's orthographic reform. However, Hadžić was also a poet and translator, a legislator in the Principality of Serbia, as well as an active public figure. Having established a commendable reputation through his early poetry, many thought he could be a worthy successor to Lukijan Mušicki.
Alsenz-Obermoschel
Alsenz-Obermoschel is a former Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") in the Donnersbergkreis, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. On 1 January 2020 it was merged into the new Verbandsgemeinde Nordpfälzer Land. It was situated on the river Alsenz, approx. 15 km south of Bad Kreuznach, and 30 km north of Kaiserslautern. The seat of the municipality was in Alsenz.

Kaiserslautern
Kaiserslautern (German pronunciation: [ˌkaɪzɐsˈlaʊtɐn] ⓘ; Palatine German: Lautre) is a town in southwest Germany, located in the state of Rhineland-Palatinate at the edge of the Palatinate Forest. The historic centre dates to the 9th century. It is 459 kilometres (285 miles) from Paris, 117 km (73 miles) from Frankfurt am Main, 666 km (414 miles) from Berlin, and  159 km (99 miles) from Luxembourg.

Kaiserslautern is home to about 100,000 people. Additionally, approximately 45,000 NATO military personnel are based in the city and its surrounding district (Landkreis Kaiserslautern).
Gopinathpur, Baleswar
Gopinathpur is a village in Baleswar Sadar subdistrict in Baleswar District in the Indian state of Odisha. As of 2001 it had a population of 986 in 240 households. The nearest major railway station is the Balasore railway station.

Balasore district
Balasore district, also known as Baleswar district, is an administrative district of Odisha state, in eastern India.  Balasore is one of the coastal districts of Odisha and lies on the northernmost part of the state.
Weyerhaeuser King County Aquatic Center
The Weyerhaeuser King County Aquatic Center is an aquatic facility in Federal Way, Washington constructed for the 1990 Goodwill Games.

It has hosted US Olympic Diving Team Trials in 2000 and 2012, NCAA championships, PAC-12 conference championships, USA Swimming Winter National championships and Speedo Junior National championships. Over 200 world records have been set at the center.

The center is open to the public for open swim, pool exercise, family swim, lessons and lap swim.

Speedo
Speedo International Limited is an Australian-British distributor of swimwear and swim-related accessories based in Nottingham, England.

Founded in Sydney, Australia in 1914 by Alexander MacRae, a Scottish emigrant, the company is now a subsidiary of the British Pentland Group. Today, the Speedo brand can be found on products ranging from swimsuits and goggles to wristwatches. The Speedo brand was previously manufactured for and marketed in North America as Speedo USA by PVH, under an exclusive perpetual licence, which had acquired prior licensee Warnaco Group in 2013. In January 2020, the Pentland Group purchased back the rights from PVH for $170 million in cash, subject to regulatory approval.

In accordance with its Australian roots, Speedo uses a boomerang as its symbol. Due to its success in the swimwear industry, the word Speedo has become a very well-known trademark brand for racing bathing suits.
Subfield of an algebra
In algebra, a subfield of an algebra A over a field F is an F-subalgebra that is also a field. A maximal subfield is a subfield that is not contained in a strictly larger subfield of A.

If A is a finite-dimensional central simple algebra, then a subfield E of A is called a strictly maximal subfield if .

Subalgebra
In mathematics, a subalgebra is a subset of an algebra, closed under all its operations, and carrying the induced operations.

"Algebra", when referring to a structure, often means a vector space or module equipped with an additional bilinear operation. Algebras in universal algebra are far more general: they are a common generalisation of all algebraic structures. "Subalgebra" can refer to either case.
Athu Ithu Ethu
Athu Ithu Ethu (transl. That This which) is a 2009 Indian Tamil-language reality comedy and game show that airs on Star Vijay and streams on Disney+ Hotstar. Hosted by Sivakarthikeyan (former) and Ma Ka Pa Anand, the first season of the show premiered on 5 June 2009. Over fifteen years, Athu Ithu Ethu has rolled out three seasons.

Television comedy
Television comedy is a category of broadcasting that has been present since the early days of entertainment media. While there are several genres of comedy, some of the first ones aired were variety shows. One of the first United States television programs was the comedy-variety show Texaco Star Theater, which was most prominent in the years that it featured Milton Berle (from 1948 to 1956). The range of television comedy has become broader, with the addition of sitcoms, improvisational comedy, and stand-up comedy, while also adding comedic aspects into other television genres, including drama and news. Television comedy provides opportunities for viewers to relate the content in these shows to society. Some audience members may have similar views about certain comedic aspects of shows, while others will take different perspectives. This also relates to developing new social norms, sometimes acting as the medium that introduces these transitions.
Fulgence
Fulgence is a Francophone given name derived from the Latin name Fulgentius (meaning "bright, brilliant"), which was borne by several saints.

Some modern  bearers of that name:

Fulgence Bienvenüe (1852–1936), French civil engineer, famous for his participation in the creation of the Paris Métro

Fulgence Charpentier (1897–2001), French-Canadian journalist, editor and publisher

Fulgence Ouedraogo (born 1982), French rugby union footballer

Fulgence Rabemahafaly (born 1951), Archbishop of Fianarantsoa, Madagascar

Fulgence Raymond (1844-1910), French neurologist

Fulgence Razakarivony (born 1963), Malagasy clergyman and prelate

Fulgence Ouedraogo
Fulgence Ouedraogo (born 21 July 1986) is a former French rugby union player. He played the entirety of his 17 year career for Montpellier Hérault RC in the Top 14 championship. His usual position was as a flanker.

Ouedraogo started playing rugby at the age of six, meeting future teammate François Trinh-Duc at the Pic-Saint-Loup rugby school near Montpellier. They both entered the club's youth teams at "Cadet" level (U-13/14). The two are said to be inseparable friends.

Ouedraogo and Trinh-Duc, together with Louis Picamoles and Julien Tomas, are considered part of the talents embodying the success of Montpellier's attempt at "shaking up the old order" of French rugby in the Septimanie terroir which had always been historical rival Béziers's stronghold.

Ouedraogo is the current captain of Montpellier, and was a key player in the club's outstanding 2010–11 season. He fractured his hand in the 26–25 semi-final win, causing him to miss the final, which was won by Toulouse.
Dongfeng, Ejin Banner
Dongfeng (simplified Chinese: 东风; traditional Chinese: 東風; pinyin: Dōngfēng; lit. 'east wind') is a town of Ejin Banner in western Inner Mongolia, China, located in the Gobi Desert near a cluster of dry lakes and 54 nautical miles (100 km; 62 mi) from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. As of 2011, it has 3 villages under its administration.

Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center
Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center (JSLC; Chinese: 酒泉卫星发射中心; pinyin: Jiǔquán Wèixīng Fāshè Zhōngxīn), also known as the Shuang Cheng Tzu Missile Test Center, Launch Complex B2, the Northwest Comprehensive Missile Testing Facility (西北综合导弹试验基地), Base 20, or Unit 63600, is a Chinese spaceport and a corps-grade unit subordinate to the People's Liberation Army Aerospace Force. It is located between Ejin Banner, Alxa League, Inner Mongolia, and Hangtian Town, Jinta County, Jiuquan Prefecture, Gansu Province. The center forms part of Dongfeng Aerospace City (Base 10). Although most of the facility lies within Jinta County, the spaceport is named after Jiuquan. The launch center spans both sides of the Ruo Shui river.
Frantz Bruun
Frantz Gottlieb Bruun (19 March 1832 – 6 October 1908) was a Norwegian priest.

He was born in Vikør as the son of Fredrik Christian Bruun and Anna Hegelund Krogh Irgens. His mother Anna was a paternal granddaughter of the bishop Ole Irgens and maternal granddaughter of Johan Daniel Stub.

He was ordained as a priest in the Church of Norway, but had to leave his office in Finnmark in 1868 due to health problems. However, he later resurfaced as an orthodox revivalist preacher based in Kristiansand and Kristiania. Several of his texts were printed and published.

He died in 1908 in Østre Aker.

Christian revival
A Christian revival is a period of intensified religious activity within churches that can influence communities on a local, national, or global scale. From a Christian perspective, it has been described as "a period of unusual blessing and activity in the life of the Christian Church". Proponents view revivals as the restoration of the Church to a vital and fervent relationship with God after a period of moral decline, instigated by God, as opposed to an evangelistic campaign.

Historically, Christian revivals have generated lasting institutional and theological change. They have frequently given rise to new traditions or denominations; for example, Methodism emerged from the Church of England during the Evangelical Revival (or Great Awakening) of the 18th century. Revivals may also stimulate missionary expansion, and renewed patterns of worship and piety within existing churches.
Speed (2007 film)
Speed is a 2007 Indian Hindi-language action thriller film directed by Vikram Bhatt and produced by Pammi Baweja. It stars Zayed Khan, Sanjay Suri, Urmila Matondkar, Aftab Shivdasani, Aashish Chaudhary and Tanushree Dutta, with Sophie Choudry, Suhasini Mulay, Rajendranath Zutshi and Ashwini Kalsekar in supporting roles, and Amrita Arora in a special appearance. The film was released on 19 October 2007.

Speed is an unofficial remake of the 2004 American film Cellular, reimagined in an international espionage setting. The plot follows multiple characters in London whose lives intertwine as they become entangled in a terrorist conspiracy targeting the Indian Prime Minister.

Vikram Bhatt
Vikram Bhatt is an Indian director, producer, screenwriter and actor. He is best known for directing the Raaz film series, an Indian horror series produced by Mahesh Bhatt and Mukesh Bhatt and for directing Ghulam (1998) starring Aamir Khan and Rani Mukherji, which was also produced by Mukesh Bhatt. For both of these films, he was nominated for the Filmfare Award for Best Director.

Formerly, he was the creative head of ASA Productions and Enterprises until 2014, when he resigned from the company. Many of his films were produced under Loneranger Productions, which he co-founded.
Meadow Well riots
The Meadow Well riots were a series of riots that took place during September 1991, starting on the Meadow Well council estate in North Shields, east of Newcastle, England, in response to a police enquiry, specifically regarding youths. The riots subsequently spread as far as Benwell, Scotswood, and Elswick in Newcastle upon Tyne, and Pennywell in Sunderland. They are regarded as some of the worst riots in British history.

Elswick, Newcastle upon Tyne
Elswick (/ˈɛlzɪk/ EL-zik) is a district and electoral ward of the city and metropolitan borough of Newcastle upon Tyne, in the county of Tyne and Wear, England, 1.9 miles west of the city centre, bordering the River Tyne. Historically in Northumberland, Elswick became part of Newcastle upon Tyne in 1835. Located at a height of 53.1m, Elswick overlooks the River Tyne. Elswick is home to the Newcastle Utilita Arena and Newcastle College, with approximately 45,000 students.
Heartbreak Motel
Heartbreak Motel is a 2024 romantic drama film directed by Angga Dwimas Sasongko from a screenplay he wrote with Alim Sudio, based on the 2022 novel by Ika Natassa. It stars Laura Basuki, Reza Rahadian, and Chicco Jerikho. It was released on 1 August 2024 in Indonesian theatres. It received five nominations at the 2024 Indonesian Film Festival, including Best Actress (Basuki).

Citra Award for Best Actress
The Citra Award for Best Actress (Indonesian: Piala Citra untuk Pemeran Utama Perempuan Terbaik) is an award given at the Indonesian Film Festival (FFI) to Indonesian actresses for their achievements in leading roles. The Citra Awards, described by Screen International as "Indonesia's equivalent to the Oscars", are the country's most prestigious film awards and are intended to recognize achievements in films as well as to draw public interest to the film industry.

Sheila Dara Aisha is the most recent winner for her performance in Sore: Wife from the Future at the 2025 ceremony.
First Assault of Dellys
The First Assault of Dellys in May 1837, during the French conquest of Algeria, opposed the troupes coloniales under Corvette captain Félix-Ariel d'Assigny (1794–1846) to the resistance fighters of the town of Dellys in Kabylia of the Igawawen.

Igawawen
Igawawen or Gawawa, mostly known as Zwawa (in Kabyle: Igawawen, in Arabic: زواوة, and in Latin: Jubaleni) were a group of Kabyle tribes inhabiting the Djurdjura mountains, Greater Kabylia, in Algeria. The Zouaoua are a branch of the Kutama tribe of the Baranis Berbers.

In the most restricted sense, the Igawawen were a confederation (kabyle: taqbilt, derived from arabic "قبيلة" meaning tribe) of 8 tribes split into two groups:

Ait Betrun: Ait Yenni, At Wasif, Ait Budrar, Ait Bu Akkash.

Ait Mengellet: Ait Mengellet proper, Ait Aqbil, Ait Attaf, Ait Bu Yusef.
Petrodvortsovy District
Petrodvortsovy District (Russian: Петродворцо́вый райо́н) is a district of the federal city of St. Petersburg, Russia. As of the 2010 Census, its population: was 128,156; up from 77,542 recorded in the 2002 Census.

Federal cities of Russia
In the Russian Federation, a city of federal importance (Russian: город федерального значения, romanized: gorod federalnogo znacheniya), also known as a federal city, is a city that has a status of both an inhabited locality and a constituent federal subject. Russia has three federal cities: Moscow, Saint Petersburg, and Sevastopol, which was annexed in 2014 but remains internationally recognised as part of Ukraine.

Moscow and Saint Petersburg are the largest cities in the country: Moscow is the national capital and Saint Petersburg is a former Russian capital and an important port city by the Baltic Sea. Currently, Sevastopol houses the Sevastopol Naval Base, the main port of the Russian Black Sea Fleet.
Catalan verbs
This article discusses the conjugation of verbs in a number of varieties of Catalan-Valencian, including Old Catalan. Each verbal form is accompanied by its phonetic transcription. Widely used dialectal forms are included, even if they are not considered standard in either of the written norms: those of the Institut d'Estudis Catalans (based on Central Catalan) and the Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua (based on common Valencian). Other dialectal forms exist, including those characteristic of minor dialects such as Ribagorçan and Algherese and transitional forms of major dialects (such as those spoken in the lower Ebro basin area around Tortosa and in the Empordà).

Empordà
Empordà (Catalan: [əmpuɾˈða]; Spanish: Ampurdán [ampuɾˈðan]) is a natural and historical region of Catalonia, Spain, divided since 1936 into two comarques, Alt Empordà and Baix Empordà.

The city of Figueres, an important urban and economic center of the Empordà, was designated the capital of Alt Empordà, while La Bisbal d'Empordà, following a more geographic and historical criteria, became the capital of Baix Empordà.

Empordà has been the cradle for many pictoric schools, with surrealism standing out, including artists such as Salvador Dalí, Angel Planells, Joan Massanet and Evarist Vallès.
2010 Dow Corning Tennis Classic – Singles
The 2010 Dow Corning Tennis Classic singles was held in Midland, Michigan, USA.

Third seed Elena Baltacha defeated the top seed Lucie Hradecká in the finals to win the first edition of the Dow Corning Tennis Classic as a 100K tournament.

Midland, Michigan
Midland is a city in Midland County, Michigan, United States, and its county seat. The population was 42,547 at the 2020 census. It is the principal city of the Midland metropolitan statistical area, part of the larger Saginaw-Midland-Bay City combined statistical area. The city is bordered by Midland Township, though the two are administered separately.

Midland is located at the confluence of Chippewa and Tittabawassee rivers in Central Michigan. The city is home to the headquarters of Dow Chemical Company, one of the largest chemical producers in the world, which was founded by Herbert Henry Dow in the city in 1897. The city is also home to Midland Center for the Arts and Northwood University.