hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
HMS Imogen
Six ships of the Royal Navy have been called HMS Imogen or HMS Imogene. A seventh was planned but never built:

HMS Imogen (1800) was an 18-gun sloop, originally the French privateer Diable-a-Quatre. She was captured in 1800 and foundered in 1805.

HMS Imogen (1805) was a 16-gun brig-sloop launched in 1805 and sold in 1817.

HMS Imogene (1831) was a 28-gun sixth rate, originally named HMS Pearl, but renamed in 1826 and launched in 1831. She was burnt by accident in 1840.

HMS Imogene was to have been a wooden screw corvette, ordered in 1861 but cancelled in 1863.

HMS Imogene (1864) was a Coastguard vessel launched in 1864. She was renamed HMS Argus in 1884 and was sold in 1903.

HMS Imogene (1882) was an iron screw yacht, formerly the Jacamar, built in 1882 by Barclay, Curle & Co, Glasgow. She was purchased in 1882, renamed HMS Impey in 1919 and was sold later that year.

HMS Imogen (D44) was an I-class destroyer launched in 1936 and sunk in a collision in 1940.

HMS Imogen (1800)
HMS Imogen (or Imogene) was the French privateer Diable á Quatre, built at Bordeaux in 1792, that Thames and Immortalite captured in 1800. The Royal Navy took her into service in 1801 as HMS Imogen. She foundered in 1805.
Purged cross-validation
Purged cross-validation is a variant of k-fold cross-validation designed to prevent look-ahead bias in time series and other structured data, developed in 2017 by Marcos López de Prado at Guggenheim Partners and Cornell University. It is primarily used in financial machine learning to ensure the independence of training and testing samples when labels depend on future events. It provides an alternative to conventional cross-validation and walk-forward backtesting methods, which often yield overly optimistic performance estimates due to information leakage and overfitting.

Guggenheim Partners
Guggenheim Partners, Inc is a global investment and advisory financial services firm headquartered in New York City that engages in investment banking, asset management, capital markets services, and insurance services. Guggenheim has approximately 2,000 employees. The firm has additional offices in Chicago, London, Los Angeles, and San Francisco. It facilitates deals in many financial and industrial sectors.
ArcticNet
ArcticNet is a Network of Centres of Excellence of Canada.  Its objective is to study the impacts of climate change and modernization in the coastal Canadian Arctic.

ArcticNet was founded in December 2003. ArcticNet also manages the Arctic Inspiration Prize on a voluntary basis.

The governance structure includes a board of directors who oversee two divisions: (1) the science programme, led by an Inuit Advisory Committee and a Territorial Advisory Committee, to whom the Scientific Director reports, and (2) the network administration overseen by an Executive Director.

Past board members include Sheila Watt-Cloutier. Former President of the Inuit Circumpolar Council. Current board members include Professor Jackie Dawson and Cedar Swan CEO of Adventure Canada.

Sheila Watt-Cloutier
Sheila Watt-Cloutier OC (born 2 December 1953) is a Canadian Inuk activist. She has been a political representative for Inuit at the regional, national and international levels, most recently as International Chair for the Inuit Circumpolar Council (formerly the Inuit Circumpolar Conference). Watt-Cloutier has worked on a range of social and environmental issues affecting Inuit, most recently, persistent organic pollutants and global warming. She has received numerous awards and honours for her work, and has been featured in a number of documentaries and profiled by journalists from all media. Watt-Cloutier sits as an adviser to Canada's Ecofiscal Commission. She is also a senior fellow at the Centre for International Governance Innovation.
Talmine
Talmine (Arabic: ﻃﺎﻟﻤﻴﻦ) was a town and commune in Charouine District, Adrar Province, in south-central Algeria. In 2019, the redistribution moved the larger Charouine District into the newly-created Timimoun Province. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 12,768, up from 9,469 in 1998, with an annual growth rate of 3.1%.

Béchar Province
Béchar (Arabic: ولاية بشار) is a province (wilaya) in Algeria, located on the border with Morocco in the Algerian Sahara. It is the second least densely populated province in Algeria, with a population of 353 591 inhabitants in 2019, with a density of 2,19 people/square kilometer. Its capital and biggest city is Béchar.
Amber Wutich
Amber Wutich is an American anthropologist who is Regents & President's Professor and the Director of the Center for Global Health at Arizona State. Her research considers the impact of water scarcity on human wellbeing. In 2023, she was elected a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and named a MacArthur Fellow.

American Anthropologist
American Anthropologist is the flagship journal of the American Anthropological Association (AAA), published quarterly by Wiley. The "New Series" began in 1899 under an editorial board that included Franz Boas, Daniel G. Brinton, and John Wesley Powell. The current editor-in-chief is Elizabeth Chin. Dána-Ain Davis and Sameena Mulla will take over as editors-in-chief in 2027.

The journal publishes research articles from all subfields of anthropology as well as book reviews and obituaries, and includes sections on Public Anthropologies, Multimodal Anthropologies, and World Anthropologies. The journal also maintains a website with essays, virtual issues, teaching resources, and supplementary material for print articles.
National Movement (Luxembourg)
The National Movement (Luxembourgish: National Bewegong, French: Mouvement National, German: National Bewegung) was a far-right political party in Luxembourg.

The National Movement rose to prominence as a result of the legislative and European elections in 1989, when under the leadership of Pierre Peters.  In the European elections, it recorded 2.9% of the vote nationwide.

The last elections that it contested were the legislative and European elections on 12 June 1994. They came at the height of a wave of indiscriminate racist attacks, neo-Nazi demonstrations in Luxembourg, and it was suggested that the National Movement may capitalise by winning a seat in the Chamber of Deputies. However, in domestic and European elections, its share of the vote fell, the party failed to win a seat in either election, and it was promptly disbanded.

1994 European Parliament election in Luxembourg
The 1994 European Parliament election in Luxembourg was the election of MEP representing Luxembourg constituency for the 1994–1999 term of the European Parliament.  It was part of the wider 1994 European election. It was held on 12 June 1994.
Joint Simulation Environment
Aviation portal

The Joint Simulation Environment is a joint effort of the United States Air Force and Navy to produce flight simulators that can provide the most realistic combat training possible for air crew, as well as to perform operational testing and to develop tactics.

The first JSE installation opened at Naval Air Station Patuxent River in Maryland in 2023; its second and third locations opened the following year at Edwards Air Force Base in California and Nellis AFB in Nevada. A fourth JSE installation is to open at Naval Air Station Fallon in Nevada in 2025, while a fifth is planned for Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson in Alaska. A smaller shipboard version is aboard the aircraft carrier Abraham Lincoln.

Naval Air Station Fallon
Naval Air Station Fallon or NAS Fallon (IATA: NFL, ICAO: KNFL, FAA LID: NFL) is the United States Navy's premier air-to-air and air-to-ground training facility. It is located southeast of the city of Fallon, east of Reno in western Nevada. Since 1996, it has been home to the U.S. Navy-Fighter Weapons School (TOPGUN) taking over from the former NAS Miramar, California, and the surrounding area contains 240,000 acres (97,000 ha) of bombing and electronic warfare ranges. It is also home to the Naval Aviation Warfighting Development Center (NAWDC), which includes TOPGUN, the Carrier Airborne Early Warning Weapons School (CAEWWS), and the Navy Rotary Wing Weapons School. Navy SEAL and Combat Search and Rescue (CSAR) training also take place there.

The airfield is named Van Voorhis Field in honor of Commander Bruce Van Voorhis (1908–1943), who was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor.
Haltdalen Stave Church
Haltdalen Stave Church (Norwegian: Haltdalen stavkyrkje) is a stave church that was originally built in the 1170s in the village of Haltdalen in what is now Holtålen Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The church is now on display at the Sverresborg Trøndelag Folkemuseum in the city of Trondheim. This is a single-nave stave church of the east Scandinavian-style, and it is the only one that is preserved.

St. Olav's shrine
St. Olav's Shrine was the resting place of the earthly remains of St. Olav, Norway's patron saint, behind the high altar of Nidaros Cathedral in Trondheim, Norway, from the mid 11th century. For nearly five centuries the shrine was of major religious importance to Norway and the other Nordic countries, and also to other parts of Northern Europe. St. Olav's Shrine opens and closes the Middle Ages as a historic period in Norway. The shrine consisted of three shrines, the one covering the other, and was the most important and by far the most valuable object in Norway in the Middle Ages. After the Lutheran reformation in 1536–1537, the valuable parts of St. Olav’s Shrine were destroyed by Danish authorities. Since 1568 St. Olav's remains have been resting in an unknown grave, in Nidaros Cathedral or in the cathedral cemetery.
Raja Gemini
Sutan Ibrahim Karim Amrullah (['suːtɑn ˈibrahɪm ka.riːm ˈamruːla]; born June 14, 1974), often shortened to Sutan Amrull, is an American drag queen and make-up artist who also goes by the stage name Raja Gemini or simply Raja. They are best known for winning the third season of RuPaul's Drag Race. Amrullah later returned to compete on the seventh season of RuPaul's Drag Race All Stars, an all-winners season, where they won the title "Queen Of She Done Already Done Had Herses". Outside of drag, Amrullah is also known for their makeup artistry on the reality television show America's Next Top Model (cycles four through twelve). Amrullah's clients include Tyra Banks, Dita von Teese, Pamela Anderson, Paulina Porizkova, Iman, Iggy Azalea, RuPaul, and Twiggy. Since 2009, Amrullah has been make-up artist to singer Adam Lambert for print media, live U.S. appearances, and Lambert's international 2010 Glam Nation Tour.

Amrullah previously co-hosted the podcast Very That alongside Delta Work.

America's Next Top Model season 12
The twelfth cycle of America's Next Top Model premiered on March 4, 2009, and was the sixth season to air on The CW network. The cycle's catchphrase was "Get in the Fold." The cycle's promotional song was Lady Gaga's "The Fame."
Credential
A credential is a piece of any document that details a qualification, competence, or authority issued to an individual by a third party with a relevant or de facto authority or assumed competence to do so.

Examples of credentials include academic diplomas, academic degrees, certifications, security clearances, identification documents, badges, passwords, user names, keys, powers of attorney, and so on. Sometimes publications, such as scientific papers or books, may be viewed as similar to credentials by some people, especially if the publication was peer reviewed or made in a well-known journal or reputable publisher.

Command hierarchy
A command hierarchy or chain of command is a group of people who carry out orders based on others' authority within the group. Certain aspects of a command hierarchy tend to be similar, including rank, unity of command, and strict accountability. Command hierarchies are used in the military and other organizations. Systemic biases may arise in homogenous groups of command.
Last Winter
Last Winter is the debut studio album by American rapper Bas. It was released on April 29, 2014, by Dreamville Records, and Interscope Records. The album debuted at No. 103 on Billboard 200, selling 3,601 copies in its first week. It  has sold 11,000 copies in the US as of February 2016.

Avant (singer)
Myron Lavell Avant (born April 26, 1978), mononymously known as Avant, is an American R&B singer. He is known for his songs "Separated", "Read Your Mind", and "Makin' Good Love". He has produced three Platinum-selling albums. He has released 15 singles and 9 albums.
WMMG-FM
WMMG-FM (93.5 FM) is a variety–formatted radio station licensed to Brandenburg, Kentucky, United States. The station is currently owned by local Chris McGehee under the licensee Meade County Communications, Inc. The station's studios and transmitter facilities are located on KY 313 (Bypass Road) on the southwest side of Brandenburg.

Kentucky Route 313
Kentucky Route 313 (KY 313) is a 33.8-mile-long (54.4 km) state highway in the U.S. state of Kentucky. The highway connects rural areas of Hardin and Meade counties with Radcliff and Vine Grove. The stretch from I-65 to Flaherty Road is also known as the Joe Prather Highway.
Evodiamine
Evodiamine is a chemical compound extracted from the plant genus Tetradium, which has been shown to reduce fat uptake in mouse studies. It is suspected that its mechanism of action is similar to that of capsaicin. As such, it has been included in some dietary supplements. Neither its fat-burning effects in humans nor any potential side effects have been empirically established.

Evodiamine acts primarily as a thermogenic and stimulant.

Evodiamine may also act by increasing the number of serotonin transporters available in the brain, enhancing the reuptake of serotonin.

Mechanism of action
In pharmacology, the term mechanism of action (MOA) refers to the specific biochemical interaction through which a drug substance produces its pharmacological effect.  A mechanism of action usually includes mention of the specific molecular targets to which the drug binds, such as an enzyme or receptor. Receptor sites have specific affinities for drugs based on the chemical structure of the drug, as well as the specific action that occurs there.

Drugs that do not bind to receptors produce their corresponding therapeutic effect by simply interacting with chemical or physical properties in the body. Common examples of drugs that work in this way are antacids and laxatives.

In contrast, a mode of action (MoA) describes functional or anatomical changes, at the cellular level, resulting from the exposure of a living organism to a substance.
Robert Blake (USMC)
Robert Blake (August 17, 1894 – October 2, 1983) was a highly decorated major general in the United States Marine Corps during World War II. He was a recipient of the second highest decorations of the Army and Navy, the Distinguished Service Cross and the Navy Cross, both of which he earned during his service in World War I. Blake also received second Navy Cross during Nicaraguan Campaign.

Chuuk Lagoon
Chuuk Lagoon, previously Truk Atoll, is an atoll in the central Pacific Ocean. It lies about 1,800 kilometres (970 nautical miles) northeast of New Guinea and is part of Chuuk State within the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM). A protective reef, 225 kilometres (140 mi) around, encloses a natural harbour 79 by 50 km (43 nmi × 27 nmi), with an area of 2,130 km2 (820 sq mi). It has a land area of 93.07 square kilometres (35.93 square miles), with a population of 36,158 people and a maximal elevation of 443 metres (1,453 ft). Weno city on Weno (formerly Moen) Island functions as both the atoll's capital and the state capital, and is the largest city in the FSM with its 13,700 people.

Chuuk Lagoon was the Empire of Japan's main naval base in the South Pacific theatre during World War II. It was the site of a major U.S. attack during Operation Hailstone in February 1944, and Operation Inmate, a small assault conducted by British and Canadian forces during June 1945.
Tyndall Park (electoral district)
Tyndall Park is a provincial electoral district of Manitoba, Canada. It was created by redistribution in 2008 from parts of Inkster, Wellington, and St. James electoral districts. The riding's population, according to the 2006 census, was 20,950. Following the 2018 Manitoba electoral redistribution, Tyndall Park is bordered to the east by Burrows, to the south by Notre Dame, to the north by The Maples, and to the west by the rural riding of Lakeside.

The riding contains the northwest Winnipeg neighbourhoods of Brooklands, Weston, and namesake Tyndall Park.

Weston, Winnipeg
Weston is a neighbourhood in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, located south of the Canadian Pacific Railway Weston Yards, west of McPhillips Street, north of Notre Dame Avenue, and east of Keewatin Street. It is a working-class residential and industrial district with some retail establishments along Logan Avenue and on Keewatin Street.

Historically, the neighbourhood was nicknamed "CPR Town" due to the large number of railway workers who resided there. As the number of jobs at the Weston Shops declined, correspondingly, so did the neighbourhood. About 80% of the housing stock was constructed before 1960.
Euphorbia azorica
Euphorbia azorica is a species of flowering plant in the spurge family Euphorbiaceae, endemic to the Azores, Portugal.

It is found in coastal rocks and sands and wastelands of the coast. It is present in all of the nine Azorean islands.

Euphorbiaceae
Euphorbiaceae (/juːˈfɔːrbiˌeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/), the spurge family, is a large family of flowering plants. In English, they are also commonly called euphorbias, which is also the name of the type genus of the family. Most spurges, such as Euphorbia paralias, are herbs, but some, especially in the tropics, are shrubs or trees, such as Hevea brasiliensis. Some, such as Euphorbia canariensis,: 206  are succulent and resemble cacti because of convergent evolution. This family has a cosmopolitan global distribution. The greatest diversity of species is in the tropics; however, the Euphorbiaceae also have many species in nontropical areas of all continents except Antarctica.
USS Constant (AM-86)
USS Constant (AM-86) was  an Adroit-class minesweeper of the United States Navy. Laid down on 21 February 1942 by the Commercial Iron Works, Portland, Oregon, and launched on 9 May 1942, the ship was commissioned on 21 September 1942.

Commercial Iron Works
Commercial Iron Works was a manufacturing firm in Portland, Oregon, United States. Established in 1916, the company is best remembered today for its contribution to America's Emergency Shipbuilding Program during World War II.
Peter Smithwick
Peter Smithwick (15 February 1937 – 8 March 2022) was an Irish judge who served as chairman and the sole member of the Smithwick Tribunal, a Tribunal of Inquiry into the events surrounding the killing of Chief Superintendent Harry Breen and Superintendent Robert Buchanan of the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC).

Smithwick was born on 15 February 1937. Prior to his appointment as Chairman of the Smithwick Tribunal in 2005, he was President of the District Court for 17 years.

Smithwick was a director and the ninth generation of his family to be associated with Smithwick's, the famous beer brewed by his family firm. He appears to have been extremely well-liked and respected. He was a Freeman of the city of Kilkenny.

He grew up in Kilcreene Lodge, and was educated at Castleknock College and University College Dublin. His family was prominent as part of the landed gentry of County Kilkenny, Leinster, Ireland.

Smithwick died on 8 March 2022, at the age of 85.

County Kilkenny
County Kilkenny (Irish: Contae Chill Chainnigh) is a county in Ireland. It is in the province of Leinster and is part of the Southern Region. It is named after the city of Kilkenny. Kilkenny County Council is the local authority for the county. At the 2022 census the population of the county was 103,685. The county was based on the historic Gaelic kingdom of Ossory (Osraighe), which was coterminous with the Diocese of Ossory.
Nigel Pepper
Colin Nigel Pepper (born 25 April 1968 in Rotherham, England), more commonly known as Nigel Pepper, is an English retired professional footballer. He was a combative midfield player known for his powerful attacking free kicks and his solid work ethic. He was a member of the York City 
team that beat Manchester United 3–0 at Old Trafford in the League Cup in 1995.

Rotherham
Rotherham (/ˈrɒðərəm/ ⓘ RODH-ər-əm) is a market town in South Yorkshire, England. It lies at the confluence of the River Rother, from which the town gets its name,  and the River Don. It is the largest settlement of the Metropolitan Borough of Rotherham.

Before the Industrial Revolution, traditional industries included farming, glass making and flour milling. In the late 18th and 19th centuries, Rotherham became known for its coal mining and, later, steel industries. The town's historic county is Yorkshire, and Rotherham was once part of the West Riding of Yorkshire. In 1974, this administrative county was abolished during a reorganisation of local government. Subsequently, Rotherham became part of the county of South Yorkshire, where it makes up one of four metropolitan boroughs.

Rotherham had a population of 109,691 in the 2011 census. The borough had a 2024 population of 276,595, the 64th most populous district in England.
Pinewood, Hampshire
Pinewood or Pinewood Village is an area in Bordon, in the English county of Hampshire. Located in the north of the town, administratively it is in the parish of Whitehill, and the Whitehill Pinewood ward of East Hampshire district. Development of the area started in 1987 on the site of former married quarters at Bordon Camp that from 1970 had been leased for use as council housing and later purchased by the district council. The nearest railway station is Liphook, 4.4 miles (6.5 km) southeast of the village.

Bordon
Bordon is a town in the East Hampshire district of Hampshire, England. It lies in the interior of the royal Woolmer Forest, about 5 miles (8.0 km) southeast of Alton. The town forms a part of the civil parish of Whitehill which is one of two contiguous villages, the other being Lindford. The civil parish is on the A325, and near the A3 road between London and Portsmouth, from which it is buffered by the rise of the wooded Woolmer Ranges. Bordon is twinned with Condé-sur-Vire in Normandy, France.

Unlike its nearest towns, Petersfield, Farnham and Alton, Bordon has not been a market town, having developed as a military area. Many of the facilities are near the former A325, a toll road (turnpike) that connected Farnham to the A3 to its south and passed through Bordon and Whitehill; the A325 now by-passes the built-up area. Local facilities include The Phoenix Theatre and Whitehill and Bordon Leisure Centre.
Archa Darugha
The Archa Darugha (Tatar: Арча даругасы) was a subdivision of the Kazan Khanate and the Kazan Uyezd in 16th–18th centuries. The center was the town of Archa. Its territory covered the basins of the  Kazanka, Noqsa, Kinderle, Shapshe, Yamashirma, Norma, Kesmas, Qırlay, Kultas, Sarapul, Vyatka, Shushma, Sarda etc. rivers. For the most part, the possessions of Prikaz of Kazan Palace, monasteries and Serving Tatars were placed there in the 16th–18th centuries.

Serving Tatars
Serving Tatars (Tatar: йомышлы татарлар; Russian: Служилые татары) were a class of ethnically Tatars state servants in Russia (particularly Muscovy) and Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in the 14th–18th centuries.