hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Španje
The Španje (Cyrillic: Шпањe)[a] were a medieval people who inhabited parts of Upper Zeta and the region of Nikšić, in present-day Montenegro. They were considered to be descended from an indigenous Balkan people who preceded the Slavs in the area.

Upper Zeta
Upper Zeta (Serbian: Горња Зета / Gornja Zeta) is a historical region in modern Montenegro, situated roughly between the Morača and Zeta rivers in east-west direction, and between massif of Lovćen and Skadar Lake and Durmitor massif in south-north direction, encompassing the Zeta Plain and plain surrounding modern-day capital of Montenegro, Podgorica. During the Middle Ages, the province of Upper Zeta was part of the Serbian state under the Nemanjić dynasty, existing alongside Lower Zeta. It was then held by the Balšić and Crnojević noble families until the Ottoman conquest (1496). In the early modern period, the term was used for an area in the northern half of the "Old Montenegro" region, though its borders fluctuated.
Divorce (TV series)
Divorce (styled as Divorce.) is an American comedy-drama television series created by Sharon Horgan, set in Hastings-on-Hudson, New York, and starring Sarah Jessica Parker and Thomas Haden Church as a middle-aged divorcing couple. The series premiered on HBO on October 9, 2016. The pilot episode was written by Horgan and directed by Jesse Peretz. On November 14, 2016, HBO renewed the show for a second season, which premiered on January 14, 2018. On November 2, 2018, HBO renewed the show for a third season, which was later announced on its premiere date to be the final season.

Hastings-on-Hudson, New York
Hastings-on-Hudson is a village in Westchester County located in the southwestern part of the town of Greenburgh in the state of New York, United States. It is a suburb of New York City, located approximately 20 miles (32 km) north of midtown Manhattan, and is served by a stop on the Metro-North Hudson Line. To the north of Hastings-on-Hudson is the village of Dobbs Ferry, to the south, the city of Yonkers, and to the east unincorporated parts of Greenburgh. As of the 2020 US Census, it had a population of 8,590. The town lies on U.S. Route 9, "Broadway" and the Saw Mill River Parkway.
Laticola
Laticola is a genus of monopisthocotylean monogeneans, belonging to the family Diplectanidae. All known species are parasitic on the gills of marine fish, including members of Lates (Latidae) and Epinephelus (Serranidae).

The genus was proposed for species with a spoon-shaped male copulatory organ with two to four concentric incomplete ridges in the base.

Monogenea
Monogeneans, members of the class Monogenea (/ˌmɒnəˈdʒiːniːə/ MON-ə-JEE-nee-ə), are a group of ectoparasitic flatworms commonly found on the skin, gills, or fins of fish. They have a direct lifecycle and do not require an intermediate host. Adults are hermaphrodites, meaning they have both male and female reproductive structures.

Some monogeneans are oviparous (egg-laying) and some are viviparous (live-bearing). Oviparous varieties release eggs into the water. Viviparous varieties release larvae, which immediately attach to another host. The genus Gyrodactylus  is an example of a viviparous variety, while the genus Dactylogyrus is an example of an oviparous variety.
Poladi Stadium
The Poladi stadium is a multi-use stadium in Rustavi, Georgia. Used mostly for football matches, the arena belonged to the local municipality before it was handed over to the Rustavi metallurgical plant. Therefore, the stadium built in 1948 was the home ground of Metalurgi Rustavi for many years. After the latter dissolved in 2015, FC Rustavi became its tenants, although due to a dispute with the plant administration, at some point they had to move out of the stadium.

In early 2018, the Football Federation revealed that talks were ongoing about a possible return of the stadium to the city municipality. The transfer of ownership was announced in October 2018. Since 2023, Liga 3 side FC Rustavi as well as their junior team participating in the regional league have been using the stadium for home matches.

The stadium is able to hold 4,657 people. Original capacity before installing individual seats was 10,720. Twice, in 1985 and 2009, the arena underwent a partial reconstruction.

Rustavi
Rustavi (Georgian: რუსთავი [ɾustʰavi]) is a city in the southeast of Georgia, in the region of Kvemo Kartli and 20 km (12 mi) south of the capital Tbilisi. It has a population of 127,154 (January 2024), making it the third most populous city in Georgia. Its economy is dominated by the Rustavi Metallurgical Plant.
Krembo
Krembo, also called crembo or creambo (a contraction meaning literally "Cream-in-it" in Hebrew (קרמבו)), is a chocolate-coated marshmallow treat that is popular in Israel. "Krembo whipped snack" consists of a round biscuit base (17% of total weight), topped with fluffy marshmallow creme-like foam (53%), coated in a thin layer of cemacao (dairy-free, sweet baking chocolate, about 30% of total) and wrapped in colourful, thin aluminum foil.

Marshmallow creme
Marshmallow creme (also called marshmallow fluff, marshmallow stuff, marshmallow spread, marshmallow paste, or simply fluff) is a marshmallow confectionery spread similar in flavor, but not texture, to regular solid marshmallow. One brand of marshmallow creme is Marshmallow Fluff, which is used to make the fluffernutter sandwich, a New England classic comfort food which debuted in 1918 in Massachusetts, just a year after marshmallow creme was invented.
Harry George Henn
Harry George Henn (October 8, 1919 - October 11, 1994) was a law professor at Cornell University and an author of widely used law books.

Henn was born in New Rochelle, New York. He received an undergraduate degree from New York University and his law degree from Cornell.

He was an expert in copyright and corporate law.

He became a professor at Cornell in 1958 and in 1970 was named the first Edward Cornell Professor of Law, a chair he held until his retirement in 1985, and which is currently held by Robert C. Hockett.

He retired to Naples, Florida and died in Jacksonville, Florida of myelodysplastic anemia.

Naples, Florida
Naples is a city in Collier County, Florida, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 19,115, down from 19,539 at the 2010 census. Naples is a principal city of the Naples–Marco Island metropolitan area, which had a population of about 375,752 as of 2020.

Naples is the self-titled "Golf Capital of the World" with the second-most golf holes per capita and the most holes of any city in Florida. The city is also known for being appealing to retirees, who make up a large percentage of the population.
Frank Davies (footballer, born 1907)
Francis Albert Davies (27 November 1907 – 8 February 1993) was an Australian rules footballer who played with South Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

A centreman, Davies was recruited from City in the Northern Tasmanian Football Association. The collection of players recruited from interstate in 1932/1933 became known as South Melbourne's "Foreign Legion".

He was playing for Launceston in 1941,  and was later appointed playing coach of Deloraine in 1948.

Northern Tasmanian Football Association (1886–1986)
The Northern Tasmanian Football Association (NTFA) was an Australian rules football competition which ran from 1886 to 1986. In its time it was one of the three main leagues in Tasmania, with the Tasmanian Football League and North West Football Union representing the rest of the state. It was based in the city of Launceston.
The three most successful clubs of the old NTFA, Launceston, North Launceston and City-South, went on to compete in the short-lived TFL Statewide League.

From 1947 to 1983 the NTFA was a six team competition, in 1984 George Town and Deloraine joined to make eight teams.

In 1987, the NTFA merged with the North West Football Union to form the Northern Tasmanian Football League.

At the end of 1995 the Tasmanian Amateur Football Association disbanded, The southern clubs help form the Southern Football League, The northern clubs formed a competition called the Northern Tasmanian Football Association. There is no relationship between the old and new NTFA.
Karl Lustenberger
Karl Lustenberger (born 10 October 1952) was a Swiss nordic combined skier who competed in the late 1970s and early 1980s. He finished sixth in the Nordic combined event at the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid, New York.

Lustenberger also won the Nordic combined event at the 1979 Holmenkollen ski festival.

Nordic combined
Nordic combined is a winter sport in which athletes compete in cross-country skiing and ski jumping. The Nordic combined at the Winter Olympics has been held since the first Winter Olympics in 1924, while the FIS Nordic Combined World Cup has been held since 1983. Many Nordic combined competitions use the Gundersen method, where placement in the ski jumping segment results in time (dis)advantages added to the contestant's total in the cross-country skiing segment (e.g. the ski jumping winner starts the cross-country skiing race at 00:00:00 while the one with the lowest jumping score starts with the longest time penalty).
Pomeroy, South Africa
Pomeroy (renamed Solomon Linda in 2022) is a small town on the R33 road in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, some 72 kilometers north of Greytown and 56 kilometers south-south-east of Dundee. The town was named for the noble Sir George Pomeroy Colley, who led the ill-fated British force during the Battle of Majuba Hill in 1881.

The town was established initially as the Gordon Memorial Mission in 1867 in memory of James Henry Hamilton-Gordon, the son of George Hamilton-Gordon, 5th Earl of Aberdeen. The mission worked with the Zulus.

In 2022, the South African Geographical Names Council decided to rename the town in honour of Solomon Linda, a musical artist who was born in the town.

Battle of Majuba Hill
The Battle of Majuba Hill on 27 February 1881 was the final and decisive battle of the First Boer War that was a resounding victory for the Boers. The British Major General Sir George Pomeroy Colley occupied the summit of the hill on the night of 26–27 February 1881. Colley's motive for occupying Majuba Hill, near Volksrust, now in South Africa, may have been anxiety that the Boers would soon occupy it themselves, since he had witnessed their trenches being dug in the direction of the hill.

The Boers believed that he might have been attempting to outflank their positions at Laing's Nek. The hill was not considered to be scalable by the Boers for military purposes and so it may have been Colley's attempt to emphasise British power and strike fear into the Boer camp.

The battle is considered by some to have been one of the "most humiliating" defeats suffered by the British in their military history.
Transport in Sydney in the 2010s
The 2010s saw many developments relating to transport in the Australian city of Sydney. The decade saw a substantial investment in infrastructure, including a new airport, motorway projects, light rail lines, Australia's first metro system, the new Waratah fleet and the demise of the non-air conditioned S sets from the rail network. Planning and branding of public transport services became substantially more centralised.

Northern Beaches
The Northern Beaches is a region within Northern Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia, near the Pacific coast. This area extends south to the entrance of Port Jackson (Sydney Harbour), west to Middle Harbour and north to the entrance of Broken Bay. The area was formerly inhabited by the Garigal or Caregal people in a region known as Guringai country.

The Northern Beaches district is governed on a local level by the Northern Beaches Council, which was formed in May 2016 from Warringah Council (est. 1906), Manly Council (est. 1877), and Pittwater Council (est. 1992).
Lars-Henrik Paarup Michelsen
Lars-Henrik Paarup Michelsen (born 23 April 1981) is a Norwegian politician for the Liberal Party. He was leader of the party's youth wing, Young Liberals of Norway, from 2003 to 2007.

He served as deputy representative to the Norwegian Parliament from Hordaland during the term 2005–2009.

Young Liberals of Norway
Young Liberals of Norway (Norwegian: Unge Venstre) (NUV) is the youth league of the Norwegian political party Venstre. Young Liberals was founded on 27 January 1909, with Anders Kirkhusmo as the first leader. The current president is Omar Svendsen-Yagci, since 2024. Vice presidents are Tejn Rolland and Emma Strandbakke, and the International Officer is Hans Fredrik Jacobsen. It advocates a more liberal version of the mother party's social liberal ideology.

Young Liberals of Norway is a member of the international liberal youth organizations:

European Liberal Youth (LYMEC)

International Federation of Liberal Youth (IFLRY)
Jennifer Zilm
Jennifer Zilm is a Canadian poet. Her first book, Waiting Room (2016), was a finalist for the Robert Kroetsch Award for Innovative Poetry,.It has been described as making a "valuable contribution to the documentary tradition in Canadian poetry." Her second book, The Missing Field (2018), was a finalist for the Pat Lowther Award. The Malahat Review praised its poems "centred on the intellectual landscapes of documents and ephemera" for being "endlessly intricate and beautiful".

Zilm is a former member of the Room Magazine editorial collective. She is a librarian and archivist and her work draws heavily on techniques such as collage and erasure.

Pat Lowther Award
The Pat Lowther Memorial Award is an annual Canadian literary award presented by the League of Canadian Poets to the year's best book of poetry by a Canadian woman. The award was established in 1980 to honour poet Pat Lowther, who was murdered by her husband in 1975. Each winner receives an honorarium of $1000.
2008 Alamo Bowl
The 2008 Valero Alamo Bowl was a college football bowl game played on December 29, 2008 in the 65,000-seat Alamodome in San Antonio, Texas, and televised nationally by ESPN.  The game was one of the 2008–09 NCAA football bowl games that concluded the 2008 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The 2008 Alamo Bowl was the 16th annual edition of the contest and the second to be sponsored by Valero Energy Corporation.  The game pit the Missouri Tigers (9–4) against the Northwestern Wildcats (9–3). The 2008 game was dubbed the Journalism Bowl by some in the media, owing to the nationally recognized journalism programs at each school: the Missouri School of Journalism and the Medill School of Journalism.

Alamodome
The Alamodome is a 64,000-seat domed indoor multi-purpose stadium in San Antonio, Texas. It is located on the southeastern fringe of downtown San Antonio. The facility opened on May 15, 1993, having been constructed at a cost of $186 million.

The multi-purpose facility was intended to increase the city's convention traffic and attract a professional football franchise.  It also placated the San Antonio Spurs' demands for a larger arena.  The Spurs played in the Alamodome for a decade, then became disenchanted with the facility and convinced Bexar County to construct a new arena for them, now called the Frost Bank Center. The Alamodome's regular tenant is currently the UTSA Roadrunners. Recent tenants include the San Antonio Commanders of the Alliance of American Football,  the San Antonio Brahmas of the United Football League, and the San Antonio Talons of the Arena Football League.
Norm Sebastian
Norm Sebastian (June 19, 1956 – December 22, 2000) was a television meteorologist whose credentials included stops at Universal Weather (White Plains, New York); The Weather Channel; and WNYT in Albany, New York.

Born in Norwich, Connecticut, Sebastian attended Lyndon State College in Lyndonville, Vermont, where he obtained his degree in meteorology. After working as a meteorologist at Westchester County Airport in White Plains, New York, Sebastian became one of the initial meteorologists at The Weather Channel when that network launched in 1982. Three years later, Sebastian followed  Herb Stevens to WNYT and became the environmental reporter and weekend meteorologist at that station. In 1990, Sebastian was promoted to the weekday morning and noon newscasts which he held until his death.

A scholarship, the Norman Sebastian Scholarship in Meteorology, was named for him at his old college, Lyndon State College in Vermont.

Westchester County Airport
Westchester County Airport (IATA: HPN, ICAO: KHPN, FAA LID: HPN) is a county-owned airport in Westchester County, New York, United States, three nautical miles (3.5 mi; 5.6 km) northeast of downtown White Plains, with territory in the towns of North Castle and Harrison, New York, and the village of Rye Brook, New York. It is sometimes referred to as the White Plains Airport and is so identified by the Official Airline Guide (OAG).

The airport primarily serves Westchester County, New York, and Fairfield County, Connecticut; the New York–Connecticut state border runs along its eastern perimeter. Located approximately 33 miles (53 km) north of Midtown Manhattan, it is also considered a satellite or reliever airport for the New York metropolitan area.

The National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015 categorized HPN as a primary commercial service airport. Per Federal Aviation Administration records, the airport had 872,023 passenger enplanements in calendar year 2019.
Gesta Annalia
Gesta Annalia ("Yearly Deeds") is an important medieval chronicle detailing the history of Scotland.

The history seems to be split into two main sections. Whilst Gesta Annalia I seems to concern events to February 1285, Gesta Annalia II appears to concern events between October 1285 to 1363. The composition of Gesta Annalia I was likely completed in 1285, between February and the middle of April.

William Forbes Skene
William Forbes Skene WS FRSE FSA(Scot) DCL LLD (7 June 1809 – 29 August 1892), was a Scottish lawyer, historian and antiquary.

He co-founded the Scottish legal firm Skene Edwards which was prominent throughout the 20th century but disappeared in 2008 when it merged with Morton Fraser.
James Culliford
James Culliford (8 September 1927 – 23 March 2002) was a British actor on stage, film and television.

Culliford met his life partner, the actor Alfred Lynch, at theatre acting evening classes. Some of his noted roles are The Entertainer (1960), The Trygon Factor (1966), and Quatermass and the Pit (1967). He also appeared in the Doctor Who serial Frontier in Space in 1973.

After suffering a stroke in 1972, he and Lynch moved from London to Brighton. They lived together until Culliford's death in 2002. Lynch died of cancer the following year.

Frontier in Space
Frontier in Space is the third serial of the tenth season of the British science fiction television series Doctor Who. The serial was first broadcast in six weekly parts on BBC1 from 24 February to 31 March 1973. It was the last serial to feature Roger Delgado as the Master.

The serial is set on the Earth, the Moon, Draconia, and the home planet of the Ogrons in the 26th century. In the serial, the Daleks employ the Master to provoke a war between the human and Draconian galactic empires.
Bill Whitaker (American football)
William Andrew Whitaker (January 18, 1959 – October 2, 2022) was an American professional football safety in the National Football League (NFL) who played for the Green Bay Packers and St. Louis Cardinals.  Whitaker played collegiate ball for the University of Missouri before being selected by the Packers in the seventh round of the 1981 NFL draft.  He played four seasons in the NFL and retired in 1984.

Whitaker died on October 2, 2022, at the age of 63.

St. Louis Cardinals (NFL)
From 1960 to 1987, the professional American football team now known as the Arizona Cardinals played in St. Louis, Missouri, as the St. Louis Cardinals.

The team moved from Chicago to St. Louis in 1960, and played their first home game there on October 2 at Busch Stadium against the New York Giants. Their last home game in St. Louis, played at Busch Memorial Stadium on December 13, 1987, was also against the Giants. Their last game as a St. Louis–based club was on December 27, 1987, at the Dallas Cowboys.

During the Cardinals' 28 years in St. Louis, they advanced to the playoffs just four times (1964, 1974, 1975, and 1982), and never hosted a playoff game. Their only postseason win came in the 1964 Playoff Bowl.

Their winning percentage of .481 during their time in St. Louis—187 victories, 202 losses, and 13 ties—is better than those in the other two cities the Cardinals have called home.

The team moved to Tempe, Arizona, in 1988.
Constantin Brun
Johan Christian Constantin Brun (27 November 1746 – 19 February 1836) was a German-Danish merchant. Born in Germany, came to Denmark as Royal administrator of the trade on the Danish West Indies and in the same time built a successful private trading empire during the early Napoleonic Wars of the late 18th century, profiting on Denmark's neutrality.

At the time of his death in 1836, Brun was one of the wealthiest persons in Denmark, leaving an estate of more than 2 million Rigsdaler. He was married to Friederike Brun, a writer and prominent salonist during the Danish Golden Age.

Danish rigsdaler
The rigsdaler was the name of several currencies used in Denmark until 1875. The similarly named Reichsthaler, riksdaler and rijksdaalder were used in Germany and Austria-Hungary, Sweden and the Netherlands, respectively. These currencies were often anglicized as rix-dollar or rixdollar.
Chaplygin's equation
In gas dynamics, Chaplygin's equation, named after Sergei Alekseevich Chaplygin (1902), is a partial differential equation useful in the study of transonic flow. It is

Here,  is the speed of sound, determined by the equation of state of the fluid and conservation of energy. For polytropic gases, we have , where  is the specific heat ratio and  is the stagnation enthalpy, in which case the Chaplygin's equation reduces to

The Bernoulli equation (see the derivation below) states that maximum velocity occurs when specific enthalpy is at the smallest value possible; one can take the specific enthalpy to be zero corresponding to absolute zero temperature as the reference value, in which case  is the maximum attainable velocity. The particular integrals of above equation can be expressed in terms of hypergeometric functions.

Hypergeometric function
In mathematics, the Gaussian or ordinary hypergeometric function 2F1(a, b; c; z) is a special function represented by the hypergeometric series, that includes many other special functions as specific or limiting cases. It is a solution of a second-order linear ordinary differential equation (ODE). Every second-order linear ODE with three regular singular points can be transformed into this equation.

For systematic lists of some of the many thousands of published identities involving the hypergeometric function, see the reference works by Erdélyi et al. (1953) and Olde Daalhuis (2010). There is no known system for organizing all of the identities; indeed, there is no known algorithm that can generate all identities; a number of different algorithms are known that generate different series of identities. The theory of the algorithmic discovery of identities remains an active research topic.
1985 IBF World Championships – Men's singles
The 1985 IBF World Championships (World Badminton Championships) were held in Calgary, Canada, from June 10 to June 16, 1985. Following the results of the men's singles. Men's top seed Zhao Jianhua of China withdrew from the tournament after suffering from pneumonia.

Zhao Jianhua
Zhao Jianhua (Chinese: 赵剑华) (born 21 April 1965) is a Chinese former badminton player who competed internationally from the mid-1980s to the early 1990s. He was admired for his speed and power as well as for his deception and technique.