hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
War Mothers Memorial Bridge
The War Mothers Memorial Bridge is a box girder bridge that carries US 60 and KY 420 across the Kentucky River in Frankfort, Kentucky. The bridge carries approximately 12,900 cars per day as of 2009. The bridge was built in 1938. At some point, US 60 was shifted from the Singing Bridge just downstream to the War Mothers Memorial Bridge. This bridge connects Frankfort to the Kentucky State Capitol.

Box girder bridge
A box girder bridge, or box section bridge, is a bridge in which the main beams comprise girders in the shape of a hollow box. The box girder normally comprises prestressed concrete, structural steel, or a composite of steel and reinforced concrete. The box is typically rectangular or trapezoidal in cross-section. Box girder bridges are commonly used for highway flyovers and for modern elevated structures of light rail transport. Although the box girder bridge is normally a form of beam bridge, box girders may also be used on cable-stayed and other bridges.
Parmotrema apricum
Parmotrema apricum is a species of corticolous lichen in the family Parmeliaceae that is found in Africa. It was originally placed in the genus Parmelia by authors Hildur Krog and Dougal Swinscow in 1981. The holotype collection was made in the Machakos County, north of Kibwezi town in Kenya, where it was found growing on shrubs in a sun-exposed dry location. Two years later, the authors transferred it to the genus Parmotrema.

The leathery thallus of Parmotrema apricum is bright yellow to yellow-green, comprising lobes that are 0.5–1 cm wide. Apothecia and pycnidia are not known for this species.

Pycnidium
A pycnidium (plural pycnidia) is an asexual fruiting body produced by mitosporic fungi, for instance in the order Sphaeropsidales (Deuteromycota, Coelomycetes) or order Pleosporales (Ascomycota, Dothideomycetes). It is often spherical or inversely pearshaped (obpyriform) and its internal cavity is lined with conidiophores. When ripe, an opening generally appears at the top, through which the pycnidiospores escape.
Dennis E. Butler
Dennis E. Butler (born 9 February 1940) is an American politician.

Butler was born to E. A. and Elizabeth Butler on 9 February 1940. The family moved from his birthplace in Lenox, Iowa, to Council Bluffs, where he graduated from Abraham Lincoln High School 1958. Butler then earned a bachelor's degree in political science from the University of Missouri in 1962.

He served in the United States Navy for four years becoming a lieutenant junior grade. He obtained his certification as a teacher in 1969 at the University of Nebraska–Omaha. He taught social studies and debate at schools in Council Bluffs. In 1972, Butler was elected to the Iowa House of Representatives. He was affiliated with the Republican Party and represented District 99 for a single term.

Iowa House of Representatives
41°35′28″N 93°36′14″W﻿ / ﻿41.591°N 93.604°W﻿ / 41.591; -93.604

The Iowa House of Representatives is the lower house of the Iowa General Assembly, the upper house being the Iowa Senate. There are 100 seats in the Iowa House of Representatives, representing 100 single-member districts across the state, formed by dividing the 50 Senate districts in half. Each district has a population of approximately 30,464 as of the 2010 United States census. The House of Representatives meets at the Iowa State Capitol in Des Moines.

Unlike the upper house, the Iowa Senate, state House representatives serve two-year terms with the whole chamber up for re-election in even-numbered years. There are no term limits for the House.
Egyptian Super Cup
The Egyptian Super Cup is Egyptian football's annual match contested between the champions of the Egyptian Premier League season and the holders of the Egypt Cup. If the Egyptian Premier League champions also won the Egypt Cup then the cup runners-up provide the opposition. The competition was founded in 2001, the first team to win the trophy was Zamalek SC. Starting with the 2023–24 season, the tournament adopted a new format in which four teams compete instead of the traditional two.

Football in Egypt
Football is the most popular sport in Egypt, many Egyptians gather around to watch various Egyptian clubs and the Egyptian national football team play on an almost daily basis. Around 60% of the Egyptians are football fans.

Zamalek and Al Ahly are amongst the most popular in the country, both of which are based in Cairo. Both teams compete in the Egyptian Premier League, the highest tier of Egyptian football. These two teams compete in the Cairo Derby. Other notable teams include: Ismaily, Al-Masry, Al Ittihad.
2026 California State Treasurer election
The 2026 California State Treasurer election will be held on November 3, 2026, to elect the state treasurer of California. Incumbent Democratic treasurer Fiona Ma is term-limited and cannot seek re-election to a third term in office; she is instead running for lieutenant governor. Candidates must declare by March 6, with primaries to be held on June 2.

Jesse Arreguín
Jesse Arreguín (born September 4, 1984) is an American politician serving as a member of the California State Senate since 2024, representing the 7th district. A member of the Democratic Party, he was previously the mayor of Berkeley, California, from 2016 to 2024.

He served on the Berkeley Housing Commission and Rent Stabilization Board from 2004 to 2009 and represented District 4 on the Berkeley City Council from 2009 to 2016. He is the first Latino elected Berkeley's mayor and was one of the youngest mayors in the San Francisco Bay Area.

Arreguín has described himself as an "unapologetic progressive" and said he wants to "restore Berkeley to the forefront of progressive leadership on the environment and social justice."
Cerro Cañapa
Cerro Cañapa is an elongated mountain in Bolivia, with a height of 5882 m, close to the border with Chile. Note that the international border in this area is a straight line that runs from Cerro Araral to Ollagüe, leaving Cerro Cañapa completely in Bolivian territory.

The mountain forms an enormous backdrop to the colorful lakes Cañapa and Hedionda.

The mountain is constructed from andesite and dacite. Volcanism of Canapa was influenced by local northwest-striking normal fault zones which also affected the Luxsar and Toconce volcanoes. The range is partially underpinned by modern ignimbrites. Canapa has deposits left by solfataras. The volcanic range is 50–100 kilometres (31–62 mi) long and may have originated from deep-seated basement lineaments. Volcanism is Pliocene-Pleistocene in age.

Dacite
Dacite (/ˈdeɪsaɪt/) is a volcanic rock formed by rapid solidification of lava that is high in silica and low in alkali metal oxides. It has a fine-grained (aphanitic) to porphyritic texture and is intermediate in composition between andesite and rhyolite. It is composed predominantly of plagioclase feldspar and quartz.

Dacite is relatively common, occurring in many tectonic settings. It is associated with andesite and rhyolite as part of the subalkaline tholeiitic and calc-alkaline magma series.
Donald Manson
Donald Manson (c. 1792–1880) was an ice master and whaling captain in the northern reaches of the Arctic Ocean in the 19th century. He served on 42 whaling voyages as of 1854, and was first mate of the Sophia during the First Grinnell Expedition in 1850. He was hired as ice master for numerous expeditions for his skill of navigating the icy waters of Greenland and further north, including Edward Augustus Inglefield's 1853 expedition aboard HMS Phoenix. Manson also captained at least one voyage of Scottish emigrants to Pictou in Nova Scotia in 1842, and the pioneers praised him as "humane and gentlemanly." He served as harbourmaster of Peterhead Harbour from the 1840s until his death.

A painting of Captain Manson is on display in the Arbuthnot Museum in Peterhead.

Pictou
Pictou (/ˈpɪktoʊ/ PIK-toh; Canadian Gaelic: Baile Phiogto; Mi'kmaq: Piktuk) is a town in Pictou County, in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia. Located on the north shore of Pictou Harbour, the town is approximately 10 km (6 miles) north of the larger town of New Glasgow.

Once an active shipping port and the shire town of the county, today Pictou is primarily a local service centre for surrounding rural communities and the primary tourist destination in this region of Nova Scotia.

The name Pictou derives from the Mi'kmaq name Piktuk, meaning 'explosive place', a reference to the river of pitch that was found in the area, or perhaps from methane bubbling up from coal seams below the harbour. The surrounding region formed one part of the Mi'kmaw district Epekwitk aq Piktuk, one of the seven districts of Mi'kma'ki.
Torture in fiction
In fictional representations, torture is often portrayed as a method for obtaining information through interrogation. Unlike the real world practice of torture, fictional representations of torture are often portrayed as being professional and efficient methods of obtaining reliable information, and as selective rather than indiscriminate. Torture can be a convenient plot device to extract information, and when the hero is the torturer, it almost always works, usually quickly. Popular culture representations have an effect on how torture is practiced in the real world; United States Army interrogators as well as the staff at Guantanamo Bay have copied torture techniques that they learned from TV. Positive depictions of torture during the Algerian War of Independence helped shape the public perception of torture, a trend that continued with American media produced after the September 11 attacks.

Plot device
A plot device or plot mechanism
is any technique in a narrative used to move the plot forward.

A clichéd plot device may annoy the reader and a contrived or arbitrary device may confuse the reader, causing a loss of the suspension of disbelief. However, a well-crafted plot device, or one that emerges naturally from the setting or characters of the story, may be entirely accepted, or may even be unnoticed by the audience.
Karizak-e Kenar Kal
Karizak-e Kenar Kal (Persian: كاريزك كناركال, also Romanized as Kārīzak-e Kenār Kāl; also known as Kārīzak, Kārīzak-e Kāl, and Kārīzak Kāl) is a village in Darbqazi Rural District, in the Central District of Nishapur County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 507, in 124 families.

Nishapur County
Nishapur County (Persian: شهرستان نیشاپور) is in Razavi Khorasan province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Nishapur, the second largest city in the province and the third largest city in Eastern Iran.
Steve Marsh (footballer)
Stephen William Marsh (12 September 1924 – 5 March 2024) was an Australian rules footballer who represented South Fremantle and East Fremantle in the West Australian National Football League (WANFL) during the 1940s and 1950s.

Marsh is regarded as one of the finest rovers of his era. He was famed for his drop kicks to position.

Drop kick
A drop kick is a type of kick in various codes of football. It involves a player intentionally dropping the ball onto the ground and then kicking it either (different sports have different definitions) 'as it rises from the first bounce' (rugby) or 'as, or immediately after, it touches the ground' (gridiron football).

Drop kicks are used as a method of restarting play and scoring points in rugby union and rugby league. Also, association football goalkeepers often return the ball to play with drop kicks. The kick was once in wide use in both Australian rules football and gridiron football, but it is rarely used anymore in either sport.
Emini
Emini (Macedonian: Емини; Russian: Эмини) is a surname occurring mainly in Albania, Kosovo and Macedonia. Notable people with the surname include:

Donika Emini, Kosovan dancer, model and beauty pageant winner

Hasan Emini (died 2017), Albanian footballer

Izair Emini (born 1985), Macedonian footballer

Lorik Emini (born 1999), Swiss-born Kosovan footballer

Sefer Emini (born 2000), Macedonian footballer

Vulnet Emini (born 1978), Macedonian footballer

Lorik Emini
Lorik Emini (born 29 August 1999) is a professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Lichtensteiner club Rapperswil-Jona in the Swiss Challenge League. Born in Switzerland, he plays for the Kosovo national team.
Linux Mint
Linux Mint is a community-developed Linux distribution based on Ubuntu. First released in 2006, Linux Mint is often noted for its ease of use, out-of-the-box functionality, and appeal to desktop users. It comes bundled with a selection of free and open-source software. The default desktop environment is Cinnamon, developed by the Linux Mint team, with MATE and Xfce available as alternatives. A Debian based version of Linux Mint also exists, called Linux Mint Debian Edition (LMDE). Linux Mint is available for x86-64 systems.

Rolling release
Rolling release, also known as rolling update or continuous delivery, is a concept in software development of frequently delivering updates to applications. This is in contrast to a standard or point release development model which uses software versions which replace the previous version.

A rolling release model is different from a staged or "staggered" rollout, in which an update is gradually made available to an increasing percentage of users for testing or bandwidth reasons.

An example of a rolling release would be Arch Linux, where new packages and updates roll in constantly, and significant changes to the distribution may occur at any time by the developers. This is in contrast to Ubuntu Linux, which has biannual releases, with the only major changes after a release being security updates or significant bug fixes.
2017 Army Black Knights football team
The 2017 Army Black Knights football team represented the United States Military Academy  as an independent in the 2017 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Black Knights were led by fourth-year head coach Jeff Monken and played their home games at Michie Stadium finished the season 10–3, winning the Commander-in-Chief's Trophy for the first time since 1996 after sweeping service academy rivals Air Force and Navy. They were invited to the Armed Forces Bowl where they defeated San Diego State. Following the season, they were chosen as the 2017 ECAC Division I Football Subdivision Team of the Year.

1996 Army Cadets football team
The 1996 Army Cadets football team was an American football team that represented the United States Military Academy in the 1996 NCAA Division I-A football season. In their sixth season under head coach Bob Sutton, the Cadets compiled a 10–2 record and outscored their opponents by a combined total of 379 to 224.  In the annual Army–Navy Game, the Cadets defeated Navy, 28–24. They also lost to Auburn, 32–29, in the 1996 Independence Bowl. This was Army's last winning season until 2010.
M250 light machine gun
The M250 is the U.S. military designation for the SIG LMG 6.8, a 6.8×51mm (.277 in), gas-operated, belt-fed light machine gun designed by SIG Sauer for the U.S. Army's Next Generation Squad Weapon Program in 2022 to replace the M249 Squad Automatic Weapon. The M250 light machine gun features a free-floating reinforced M-LOK handguard for direct accessory attachment onto the "negative space" (hollow slot) mounting points. The M250 began to be fielded in March 2024.

Gas-operated reloading
Gas-operation is a system of operation used to provide energy to operate locked breech, autoloading firearms. In gas-operation, a portion of high-pressure gas from the cartridge being fired is used to power a mechanism to dispose of the spent case and insert a new cartridge into the chamber. Energy from the gas is harnessed through either a port in the barrel or a trap at the muzzle. This high-pressure gas impinges on a surface such as a piston head to provide motion for unlocking of the action, extraction of the spent case, ejection, cocking of the hammer or striker, chambering of a fresh cartridge, and locking of the action.
Texas Commission on Law Enforcement
The Texas Commission on Law Enforcement or TCOLE, serves as the regulatory agency for all peace officers in Texas, which includes sheriffs and their deputies, constables and their deputies, police officers, marshals, troopers, Texas Rangers, enforcement agents of the Alcoholic Beverage Commission, investigators of the Attorney General, and game wardens. County jailers and public security officers are also regulated by TCOLE.

With the passage of Senate Bill 686 in the 83rd Legislative Session, the commission's name was changed from "Texas Commission on Law Enforcement Officers Standards and Education" to "Texas Commission on Law Enforcement" on January 1, 2014.

Marshal
Marshal is a term used in several official titles in various branches of society. As marshals became trusted members of the courts of Medieval Europe, the title grew in reputation. During the last few centuries, it has been used for elevated offices, such as in military rank and civilian law enforcement.

In most countries, the rank of Marshal is the highest Army rank (equivalent to a five-star General of the Army in the United States).
Justice
In its broadest sense, justice is the treatment of individuals fairly. According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, the most plausible candidate for a core definition comes from the Institutes of Justinian, a 6th-century codification of Roman law, where justice is defined as "the constant and perpetual will to render to each his due".

A society where justice has been achieved would be one in which individuals receive what they "deserve". The interpretation of what "deserve" means draws on a variety of fields and philosophical branches including ethics, rationality, law, religion, and fairness. The state may pursue justice by operating courts and enforcing their rulings.

Recidivism
Recidivism (/rɪˈsɪdɪvɪzəm/; from Latin: recidivus 'recurring', derived from re- 'again' and cadere 'to fall') is the act of a person repeating an undesirable behavior after they have experienced negative consequences of that behavior, or have been trained to extinguish it. Recidivism is also used to refer to the percentage of former prisoners who are rearrested for a similar offense.

The term is frequently used in conjunction with criminal behavior and substance abuse. Recidivism is a synonym of relapse, which is more commonly used in medicine and in the disease model of addiction.
Bajpai
Bajpai (or Vajpayee) is a Hindu Brahmin surname of Hindustani origin.

Notable individuals with this surname include:

Atal Bihari Vajpayee (1924–2018), Prime Minister of India

Bhagwati Dhar Vajpayee (died 2021), Indian journalist

Girija Shankar Bajpai (1891–1954), knighted, first Minister of External Affairs

Kanti Bajpai, Indian academic-analyst and former headmaster of The Doon School

Manikchandra Vajpayee (1919–2005), Indian journalist and writer

Manoj Bajpayee (also Bajpai; born 1969), Indian actor

Pia Bajpiee (born 1992), Indian film actress and model, who appears primarily in South Indian films

Punya Prasun Bajpai (born 1964), Indian journalist and TV anchor

Rajendra Kumari Bajpai (1925–1998), Indian politician, represented Sitapur

Tia Bajpai (born 1989), Indian singer, television and film actress

Uma Shankar Bajpai (1921/1922–2005), Indian diplomat and journalist

Nandini Bajpai (born 1968), children's book author

Pia Bajpiee
Pia Bajpiee is an Indian actress and model who appears primarily in Tamil and Hindi films. She is best known for her performances in Venkat Prabhu's comedy Goa and in K. V. Anand's political thriller Ko.
Katie May
Katie Beth May (March 16, 1981 – February 4, 2016) was an American model and businesswoman. Dubbed "The Queen of Snapchat", May was known as a social media star and brand ambassador before her death from a chiropractically induced stroke at age 34.

Women in business
The phrase women in business refers to female businesspeople who hold positions, particularly leadership in the fields of commerce, business, and entrepreneurship. It advocates for their increased participation in business.

Increased participation of women in business can be important for variation in business development, ideas, and business products. Participation also encourages the development of social networks and supports that have positive repercussions for women and for their social environment.

The status of women in business varies significantly around the world. Sometimes a lack of adequate business capital, female education, and training programs in the use of technology  can mean women are more constrained by their social and political environment than men.
Portrait of Henry Dearborn
Portrait of Henry Dearborn is a 1812 portrait painting by the American artist Gilbert Stuart depicting the soldier, politician and diplomat Henry Dearborn. A veteran of the American Revolutionary War, he served as Secretary of War from 1801 to 1809 during the Presidency of Thomas Jefferson. In the War of 1812 he was made Commanding General of the United States Army and led the Invasion of Canada.

Stuart, a London-trained artist, had returned to the United States in 1793 and painted many members of the American elite over the following three decades. Both he and Dearborn lived in Roxbury and the general sat for him there in early 1812 before being called away to military service on the Canadian frontier. Dearborn is portrayed in the dress uniform of a brigadier general, embroidered with oak leaves and wearing the medal of the Society of the Cincinnati to which he belonged. Today it is in the collection of the Art Institute of Chicago in Illinois.

Henry Dearborn
Henry Dearborn (February 23, 1751 – June 6, 1829) was an American military officer and politician. In the Revolutionary War, he served under Benedict Arnold in his expedition to Quebec, of which his journal provides an important record. After being captured and exchanged, he served in George Washington's Continental Army. He was present at the British surrender at Yorktown. Dearborn served on General George Washington's staff in Virginia.

He served as Secretary of War under President Thomas Jefferson, from 1801 to 1809, and served as a commanding general in the War of 1812. In later life, his criticism of General Israel Putnam's performance at the Battle of Bunker Hill caused a major controversy. Fort Dearborn and Dearborn Park in Illinois, Dearborn County, Indiana, and  Dearborn, Michigan, were named in his honor.
Troy Jackson (politician)
Troy Dale Jackson (born June 26, 1968) is an American logger and politician from Allagash, Maine, who served as president of the Maine Senate from 2018 to 2024. A Democrat, Jackson represented Senate District 1, representing northern Aroostook County, including the towns of Fort Kent, Madawaska and Caribou. He is currently running for governor of Maine.

Jackson started in politics during the 1998 logging blockade along the Canadian border, protesting the illegal hiring of Canadian workers over Maine loggers, inadequate wages and poor working conditions. Eventually, Jackson was elected to the Maine House of Representatives, where he served three terms before being elected to the State Senate in 2008. After Democrats gained the majority in the 2018 election, Jackson was chosen to be Senate President. He also served as Senate Majority Leader and Senate Minority Leader. He first ran for office as a Republican, was first elected as an Independent, and joined the Democratic Party in 2004.

Caribou, Maine
Caribou is the second largest city in Aroostook County, Maine, United States. Its population was 7,396 at the 2020 census. The city is a service center for the agricultural and tourism industries, and the location of a National Weather Service Forecast Office.