hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cholera (food)
A cholera is a pastry filled with potatoes, vegetables, fruits and cheese originating in the Valais region of Switzerland.

Originally, the local ingredients for such a dish were apples, pears, potatoes, onions, leeks, raclette cheese (usually Gomser) and bacon. The dish is mostly known in the region of Valais within Switzerland.

Leek
A leek is a biennial vegetable, a cultivar of Allium ampeloprasum, the broadleaf wild leek (syn. Allium porrum). The edible part of the plant is a bundle of leaf sheaths that is sometimes colloquially called a "stem" or "stalk".

The genus Allium also contains the onion, garlic, shallot, scallion, chives, and Chinese onion. Three closely related vegetables—elephant garlic, kurrat and Persian leek or tareh—are also cultivars of A. ampeloprasum, although different in their culinary uses.
Sheldon Gomes
Sheldon Anthony Gomes (18 October 1950 – 15 September 2020) was a cricketer who played first-class and List A cricket for Trinidad and Tobago and other Trinidad teams from 1969 to 1983.

Gomes' highest first-class score was 213 against Jamaica in the 1976-77 Shell Shield. That was also his most prolific first-class season, with 633 runs at an average of 70.33 and three centuries.

His brother Larry Gomes played Test cricket for the West Indies. Gomes died in Las Vegas, Nevada, on 15 September 2020. He was of Portuguese descent.

Jamaica national cricket team
The Jamaica national cricket team is the representative cricket team of Jamaica. The team competes under the franchise name, Jamaica Scorpions in the Cricket West Indies' Professional Cricket League which comprises both the Regional Four Day Competition and the Regional Super50.  Jamaica has won a sum of 12 regional first class and 9 regional one day titles. Hence the Scorpions have won the second most first class and 50 over championships in the history of West Indies cricket.

The most prominent Jamaican cricketers include George Headley, Allan Rae, Alf Valentine, Collie Smith, Lawrence Rowe, Michael Holding, Jeff Dujon, Courtney Walsh, Patrick Patterson, Jimmy Adams, Chris Gayle, Marlon Samuels, Jerome Taylor, Nikita Miller and Gareth Breese.
2025–26 Biathlon World Cup – Stage 2
The 2025–26 Biathlon World Cup – Stage 2 was the second event of the season and was held in Hochfilzen, Austria, from 08 to 14 December 2025. The event consisted of two individual competitions and two relay races, one by men and one by women. After all the races of the stage, Johan-Olav Botn leads the overall World Cup standings for men, and Anna Magnusson leads for women. U-23 World Cup ranking leaders after the events in Hochfilzen were Isak Frey for men and Maren Kirkeeide for the women.

Maren Kirkeeide
Maren Hjelmeset Kirkeeide (born 1 March 2003) is a Norwegian biathlete. She has competed in the Biathlon World Cup since 2023. She won gold medal in the individual race at the 2024 IBU Open European Championships.
Tree Line USA
Tree Line USA is a program sponsored by the Arbor Day Foundation in cooperation with the National Association of State Foresters which recognizes public and private utilities across the United States that demonstrate best practices that protect and enhance America's urban forests.

Urban forest
An urban forest is a forest, or a grove of trees, that grow within a city, town or a suburb. In a wider sense, it may include any kind of woody plant vegetation growing in and around human settlements.

As opposed to a forest park, whose ecosystems are also inherited from wilderness leftovers, urban forests often lack amenities like public bathrooms, paved paths, or sometimes clear borders which are distinct features of parks. Care and management of urban forests is called urban forestry. Urban forests can be privately and publicly owned. Some municipal forests may be located outside of the town or city to which they belong.
Notable American Women, 1607–1950
Notable American Women, 1607–1950: A Biographical Dictionary is a three-volume biographical dictionary published in 1971. Its origins lay in 1957 when Radcliffe College librarians, archivists, and professors began researching the need for a version of the Dictionary of American Biography dedicated solely to women.: xi

Nora Stanton Barney
Nora Stanton Barney (née Blatch; 30 September 1883 – 18 January 1971) was an English-born American civil engineer, and suffragist.  Barney was among the first women to graduate with an engineering degree in the United States. Given an ultimatum to either stay a wife or practice engineering she chose engineering. She was the granddaughter of Elizabeth Cady Stanton.
Shane Rodney
Shane Rodney (born 15 August 1983) is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 2000s and 2010s. He played for the London Broncos of Super League. He previously played for the Penrith Panthers, winning the 2003 NRL premiership with them, and the Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles whom he won the 2011 NRL Grand Final with, primarily as a lock or in the second-row. In 2019, Rodney coached the St Marys Saints Sydney Shield side.

St Marys Saints
The St Marys Saints are an Australian rugby league club who were formed in 1908. They were the founding Member of the Penrith District Rugby League. They have previously competed in the NSWRL Jim Beam Cup, winning three titles in the 1990s and in the NSWRL Premier League/State League as a former joint-venture club with their local rivals, the Penrith Panthers from 2002 until 2007. For a brief time, the Saints were known as the Cougars in the NSWRL Jim Beam Cup. The club has since returned to its original name.
Tochigi dialect
The Tochigi dialect (Japanese: 栃木弁 Tochigi-ben) is a Japanese dialect spoken in Tochigi prefecture. It is classified along with the Ibaraki dialect as an East Kanto dialect, but due to possessing various shared phonological and grammatical features with the neighbouring Fukushima dialect to the north, many scholars consider it instead as part of the wider Tohoku dialect. It has notable differences within the prefecture depending on region, and in some parts of the southwest of the prefecture (including the cities of Ashikaga and Sano) a separate dialect, the Ashikaga dialect, is spoken.

Sano, Tochigi
Sano (佐野市, Sano-shi) is a city located in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 August 2020,  the city had an estimated population of 117,669, in 52,066 households  and a population density of 330 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 356.04 square kilometres (137.47 sq mi). The city is known for its outlet mall, Sano Yakuyoke Daishi Temple, and its local variety of ramen, Sano ramen. More recently, Sano has gained international recognition for being the home of cricket in Japan.
George F. Perpich
George F. Perpich (September 2, 1933 – September 26, 2018) was an American dentist and politician.

Born in Carson Lake, Minnesota, Perpich graduated from Hibbing High School in 1951 and from University of Minnesota Duluth in 1955. He served in the United States Navy from 1955 to 1957. In 1961, Perpich received his degree in dentistry from University of Minnesota. He was a dentist in Chisholm, Minnesota. From 1971 to 1980, Perpich served in the Minnesota State Senate and was a Democrat. His brothers Anthony "Tony" J. Perpich and Rudy Perpich also served in the Minnesota Senate. Rudy served as governor of Minnesota from 1976 to 1978 and from 1983 to 1990. His brother Joseph Perpich is married to Cathy Sulzberger, daughter of Arthur Ochs Sulzberger. Perpich died at Johanna Shores Long Term Facility in Arden Hills, Minnesota from Parkinson's disease.

Hibbing, Minnesota
Hibbing is a city in Saint Louis County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 16,214 at the 2020 census. The city was built on mining the rich iron ore of the Mesabi Iron Range and still relies on that industry today. At the edge of town is the world's largest open-pit iron mine, the Hull–Rust–Mahoning Open Pit Iron Mine.

Hibbing's main routes are U.S. Highway 169, State Highway 37, State Highway 73, Howard Street, and 1st Avenue. It is about 59 miles (95 km) northwest of Duluth, Minnesota.
Haloclava producta
Haloclava producta is a species of sea anemone in the family Haloclavidae, commonly known as the ghost anemone. This species is native to shallow water in the northwestern Atlantic Ocean, between Cape Hatteras and the Bay of Fundy, where it makes a temporary burrow in soft sediment. It is found on sand flats, both intertidally and subtidally.

Bay of Fundy
The Bay of Fundy (French: Baie de Fundy) is a bay between the Canadian provinces of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, with a small portion touching the U.S. state of Maine. It is an arm of the Gulf of Maine and part of the Atlantic Ocean. It has the highest tidal range in the world, averaging about 16 metres (52 ft) due to tidal resonance in its funnel-shaped basin. In one half-day tidal cycle, around 100 billion tonnes (110 billion short tons) of water flows in and out, twice the combined flow of all the world's rivers.
Richard Townley
Colonel Richard Townley (died 1711) was born in England probably at Astlam (Astleham) Manor in Littleton (formerly in Middlesex, today in Surrey). He was the eighth son of Nicholas Townley of Littleton and Joanne White.

He emigrated to Virginia in the suite of Lord Effingham, Governor of Virginia in 1683. He settled in the Elizabethtown, New Jersey area and married his 2nd wife, Elizabeth Carteret (née. Smith), widow of the first governor of New Jersey Philip Carteret in 1685.

Townley was one of the East New Jersey Provincial Council during the administration of deputy governor Lord Neill Campbell in 1686. In 1692 and 1697 he was a member of the New York Provincial Council but was accused by New York Governor Lord Bellomont of attending neither.

At the time of his death in April 1711, Richard Townley was Presiding Judge of the Court of Quarter Sessions for Essex County. He left two sons, Charles and Effingham.

Francis Howard, 5th Baron Howard of Effingham
Francis Howard, 5th Baron Howard of Effingham (c. 1643 – 30 March 1695) was an English colonial administrator who served as the governor of Virginia from 1683 to 1692. A member of the Howard family, he was a descendant of William Howard, 1st Baron Howard of Effingham.
Virtual Pool 64
Virtual Pool 64 is a 3D first-person sports simulation video game that was developed by American studio Celeris and released for the Nintendo 64 by Crave Entertainment on December 17, 1998, in North America, and in Europe on February 26, 1999.  The game features simulations of 11 forms of pool (pocket billiards). It is part of the "Virtual Pool" game franchise, which also includes the PC games Virtual Pool, Virtual Pool 2, Virtual Pool Hall and Virtual Pool 3.  The game has been simultaneously lauded as "a top-notch simulation" and criticized as dull, lacking both player incentive and engaging characters.

Simulation video game
Simulation video games are a diverse super-category of video games, generally designed to closely simulate real world activities. A simulation game attempts to copy various activities from real life in the form of a game for various purposes such as training, analysis, prediction, or entertainment. Usually there are no strictly defined goals in the game, and the player is allowed to control a character or environment freely. Well-known examples are war games, business games, and role play simulation. From three basic types of strategic, planning, and learning exercises: games, simulations, and case studies, a number of hybrids may be considered, including simulation games that are used as case studies. Comparisons of the merits of simulation games versus other teaching techniques have been carried out by many researchers and a number of comprehensive reviews have been published.
Zubkovshchina
Zubkovshchina (Russian: Зубковщина) is a rural locality (a selo) in Karymsky District, Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. Population: 69 (2021 census); 78 (2010 census); 119 (2002 census);  There is 1 street in this selo.

Karymsky District
Karymsky District  (Russian: Кары́мский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-one in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. It is located in the center of the krai and borders Tungokochensky District in the north, Shilkinsky District in the east, Aginsky District in the south, and Chitinsky District in the west. The area of the district is 7,800 square kilometers (3,000 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (an urban-type settlement) of Karymskoye. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 37,161, with the population of Karymskoye accounting for 35.1% of that number.
1984 U.S. Clay Court Championships
The 1984 U.S. Clay Court Championships (also known as the 1984 U.S. Open Clay Courts) was a men's Grand Prix and a women's Championship Series tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts in Indianapolis in the  United States. It was the 16th edition of the tournament and was held from August 4 through August 12, 1984. Andrés Gómez and Manuela Maleeva won the singles titles.

Balázs Taróczy
Balázs Taróczy (Hungarian: Taróczy Balázs; born 9 May 1954) is a retired tennis player from Hungary. The right-hander won 13 singles titles in his career, and achieved a career-high singles ranking of world No. 12 in April 1982.
Gunpowder weapons in the Ming dynasty
The Ming dynasty continued to improve on gunpowder weapons from the Yuan and Song dynasties as part of its military. During the early Ming period larger and more cannons were used in warfare. In the early 16th century Turkish and Portuguese breech-loading swivel guns and matchlock firearms were incorporated into the Ming arsenal. In the 17th century Dutch culverin were incorporated as well and became known as hongyipao. At the very end of the Ming dynasty, around 1642, Chinese combined European cannon designs with indigenous casting methods to create composite metal cannons that exemplified the best attributes of both iron and bronze cannons. While firearms never completely displaced the bow and arrow, by the end of the 16th century more firearms than bows were being ordered for production by the government, and no crossbows were mentioned at all.

Wubei Zhi
The Wubei Zhi (Chinese: 武備志; Treatise on Armament Technology or Records of Armaments and Military Provisions) is a military book in Chinese history. It was compiled in 1621 by Mao Yuanyi (茅元儀 Máo Yuányí; 1594–1640?), an officer of waterborne troops in the Ming dynasty. The Wubei Zhi contains 240 volumes, 10,405 pages, and more than 200,000 Chinese characters.
Bunny Downs
McKinley "Bunny" Downs (March 7, 1894 - June 30, 1973) was a Negro leagues infielder and manager for several years before the founding of the first Negro National League, and in its first several seasons.

A native of Chattanooga, Tennessee, Downs attended Morris Brown College in Atlanta, Georgia. He made his Negro leagues debut in 1914 with the West Baden Sprudels, and went on to play for several teams, including a six-year stretch from 1917 to 1922 with the Hilldale Club. At age 56, Downs received votes listing him on the 1952 Pittsburgh Courier player-voted poll of the Negro leagues' best players ever. He died in Winston-Salem, North Carolina in 1973 at age 79.

Pittsburgh Courier
The Pittsburgh Courier was an African American weekly newspaper published in Pittsburgh from 1907 until October 22, 1966. By the 1930s, the Courier was one of the leading black newspapers in the United States.

It was acquired in 1965 by John H. Sengstacke, a major black publisher and owner of the Chicago Defender. He re-opened the paper in 1967 as the New Pittsburgh Courier, making it one of his four newspapers for the African American audience.
Kamashastra
In Indian literature, Kāma-Śāstra (कामशास्त्र ), refers to the tradition of works about kāma (broadly desire; particularly love, erotic, sensual and sexual desire in this case).  Kāma-shastra aims to instruct the townsman (nāgarika) in the attainment of enjoyment and fulfillment.

Shastra
Śāstra (Sanskrit: शास्त्र, romanized: Śāstra pronounced [ɕaːstrɐ]) is a Sanskrit word that means "precept, rules, manual, compendium, book or treatise" in a general sense. The word is generally used as a suffix in the Indian literature context, for technical or specialized knowledge in a defined area of practice.

Śāstra has a similar meaning to English -logy, e.g. ecology, psychology, meaning scientific and basic knowledge on a particular subject. Examples in terms of modern neologisms include

bhautikaśāstra 'physics',

rasaśāstra 'chemistry',

jīvaśāstra 'biology',

vāstuśāstra 'architectural science',

śilpaśāstra 'science of mechanical arts and sculpture',

arthaśāstra 'science of politics and economics',

nītiśāstra 'compendium of ethics or right policy', and

natyasāstra 'art of performing arts.'

In Western literature, Śāstra is sometimes spelled as Sastra, reflecting a misunderstanding of the IAST symbol 'ś', which corresponds to the English 'sh'.
Acacia dictyophleba
Acacia dictyophleba, also known as the sandhill wattle, waxy wattle, feather veined wattle, and spear tree, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to Australia. It is a glabrous, resinous shrub with lance-shaped phyllodes, spherical or oblong heads of golden yellow flowers and narrowly oblong, firmly leathery pods. The Nyangumarta peoples know the plant as langkur or lungkun; the Thalanyji know it as jabandi; and the Pintupi know it as mulyati.

Resin
A resin is a solid or highly viscous liquid that can be converted into a polymer. Resins may be biological or synthetic in origin, but are typically harvested from plants. Resins are mixtures of organic compounds insoluble in water, predominantly terpenes. Technically, resins should not be confused with gums, which consist predominantly of water-soluble polysaccharides, although these two terms are often interchangeable in the less formal context. Common resins include pine oleoresins, amber, hashish, frankincense, myrrh and the animal-derived resin, shellac. Resins are used in varnishes, adhesives, food additives, incenses and perfumes.

Resins protect plants from insects and pathogens, and are secreted in response to injury. Resins repel herbivores, insects, and pathogens, while the volatile phenolic compounds may attract benefactors such as predators of insects that attack the plant.
Royal Manitoba Theatre Centre production history
This production history of the Royal Manitoba Theatre Centre (RMTC) is a chronological list of the Mainstage, Warehouse, and Regional Tour productions that have been staged since RMTC's inception.

The RMTC is Canada's oldest English-language regional theatre. It was founded in 1958 by John Hirsch and Tom Hendry as an amalgamation of the Winnipeg Little Theatre and Theatre 77, and was known as the Manitoba Theatre Centre until receiving its royal designation in 2010.

Citadel Theatre
The Citadel Theatre is the major venue for theatre arts in the city of Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, located in the city's downtown core on Churchill Square. It is the third largest regional theatre in Canada.
Strangers (2018 TV series)
Strangers is a British television crime drama series, principally written and created by Mark Denton 
and Jonny Stockwood, that was first broadcast on ITV on 10 September 2018. Originally titled White Dragon, the series was principally filmed in Hong Kong and is notable for featuring the first English-speaking role for award-winning actor Anthony Wong.

Aside from Wong, John Simm stars as the principal character, Professor Jonah Mulray, alongside Dervla Kirwan as his wife Megan; Emilia Fox as Sally Porter, the second British Secretary; Katie Leung as Lau Chen, David and Megan's daughter; and Tom Wu as Daniel Tsui, a senior detective working for the Hong Kong police. Prior to the television premiere, the first episode was made available to watch four days early on both the ITV Hub and STV Player as a "Player Première".

ITVX
ITVX is a British over-the-top, ad-supported streaming service operated by ITV plc. The service offers original content from the broadcaster, livestreams of the ITV television channels, FAST channels, and exclusive and licensed programming.

The service succeeds the ITV Hub, which originally launched on 5 December 2008 and had at least 30 million registered users by July 2019.
Hill McClelland Bell House
The Hill McClelland Bell House is a historic building located in Des Moines, Iowa, United States.  Built 1902, the 2½-story structure features a rectangular plan, a gable front, and a wrap-around porch.  Decorative elements include wood shingles in the gable end, and some of the windows have a diamond mullion pattern.  The house's significance is derived from its association with Hill McClelland Bell, president of Drake University from 1902 to 1918.  This was a period of
dramatic growth for the college.  It was during his tenure that the institution was accredited with the North Central Association of Secondary Schools and Colleges, the establishment of a faculty pension, an increase in the school's endowment, a decrease in its debts, eminent professors joined the faculty, and several colleges were reorganized. Enrollment increased during this period of time, and five significant buildings were built on campus.  The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.

North Central Association of Colleges and Schools
The North Central Association of Colleges and Schools (NCA), also known as the North Central Association, was a membership organization, consisting of colleges, universities, and schools in 19 U.S. states engaged in educational accreditation. It was one of six regional accreditation bodies in the U.S. and its Higher Learning Commission was recognized by the United States Department of Education and the Council for Higher Education Accreditation (CHEA) as a regional accreditor for higher education institutions.

The organization was dissolved in 2014.  The primary and secondary education accreditation functions of the association have been merged into AdvancED with the postsecondary education accreditation functions vested in the Higher Learning Commission.
Amma Ponnu
Amma Ponnu (transl. Mother's daughter) is a 1993 Indian Tamil-language romantic drama film directed by Arun. The film stars Vignesh and newcomer Akhila, with Nagesh, K. R. Vijaya, Goundamani, Senthil, Ponvannan and Nandagopal playing supporting roles. It was released on 9 April 1993.

Senthil
Senthil (born 23 March 1951) is an Indian comedy actor who works in Tamil cinema. He is famous for his comedian roles along with fellow actor Goundamani. The pair dominated the Tamil industry as comedians in the 1980s and 90s. They were described as "Tamil cinema's Laurel and Hardy."
Trinity High School (Garfield Heights, Ohio)
Trinity High School is a private coeducational Roman Catholic  college preparatory High School, located in Garfield Heights, Ohio, United States.  It is located in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland.  It was started in 1926 by the Sisters of St. Joseph of the Third Order of St. Francis.

Trinity has a 26-acre (110,000 m2) campus that includes the main school building and no athletic fields. The school is accredited by the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools, the Ohio Department of Education, and the Ohio Catholic School Accrediting Association.

Ohio High School Athletic Association
The Ohio High School Athletic Association (OHSAA) is the governing body of athletic programs for junior and senior high schools in the U.S. state of Ohio. The OHSAA governs eligibility of student athletes, resolves disputes, organizes levels of competition by divisional separation of schools according to attendance population, and conducts state championship competitions in all the OHSAA-sanctioned sports.