hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sam Brown House
Sam Brown House (or Samuel Brown House) is a historic house near Gervais, Oregon, United States built in 1857 by Oregon pioneer and state senator Samuel Brown (1821-1886). The house is located on the French Prairie on the Peter Depot land claim and is believed to be the first in Oregon to be designed by an architect.

The house was featured in the August 1986 issue of National Geographic Magazine, which described Samuel Brown as a Missourian who dug 62 pounds of gold in California and later moved with his wife to Oregon. The couple filed a Donation Land Claim and acquired more than 1,000 acres (4.0 km2) and built their house near what is now the city of Gervais.

It served as a stage stop and housed three generations of the Browns.  The son of the original Samuel Brown, Sam H. Brown, was a state senator and unsuccessfully ran for governor in 1934 and 1938.

The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.

French Prairie
French Prairie is located in Marion County, Oregon, United States, in the Willamette Valley between the Willamette River and the Pudding River, north of Salem. The prairie area roughly corresponds to the traditional land of the Kalapuya people much decimated by pandemics during the 1830s. The fertile land would become highly contended for. The area was subsequently named after some of the earliest settlers of that part of the Oregon Country, French Canadian/Métis people who were mostly former employees of the Hudson's Bay Company.
"French Prairie" naming was first captured in writing in the early 1850s by a French Consul to California visiting Oregon. Pierre Charles Fournier de Saint-Amant referred to the area as "les prairies françaises".
French Prairie is also known as an early Métis settlement in the Pacific Northwest history.
Little Bromwich
Little Bromwich is a small area in central-east Birmingham, England. It borders with Bordesley Green and Small Heath and there is a road named after it. It is also quite close to Yardley, and often confused with part of Bordesley Green.

The Little Bromwich Centre is on Hob Moor Road. The area covered is from Hob Moor Road to Little Bromwich Road.

The area is part of the Birmingham Ladywood and Birmingham Yardley parliamentary constituencies, it is in the Bordesley Green and Heartlands council wards.

Following the 2021 United Kingdom census, it was reported in 2022 that Little Bromwich had the smallest share of adults identifying as gay, lesbian or bisexual in England and Wales.

52°28′52″N 1°50′24″W﻿ / ﻿52.481°N 1.840°W﻿ / 52.481; -1.840

Birmingham Yardley
Birmingham Yardley is a constituency of part of the city of Birmingham represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2015 by Jess Phillips of the Labour Party.

Yardley Rural District was annexed to Birmingham under the 1911 Greater Birmingham Act.
2021 Open Sud de France – Doubles
Nikola Ćaćić and Mate Pavić were the defending champions, but they chose not to participate this year. Henri Kontinen and Édouard Roger-Vasselin won the title, defeating Jonathan Erlich and Andrei Vasilevski in the final, 6–2, 7–5.

Nikola Ćaćić
Nikola Ćaćić (Serbian Cyrillic: Никола Ћаћић, pronounced [nǐkola t͡ɕât͡ɕit͡ɕ]; born 7 December 1990) is a Serbian former professional tennis player. He has a career-high ranking of World No. 35 in doubles achieved on 8 November 2021. He has won three doubles titles in the ATP Tour, four doubles titles in the ATP Challenger Tour, and five singles and 32 doubles titles in ITF Futures tournaments.
Taşkınköy
Taşkınköy is a quarter of North Nicosia in Northern Cyprus. As of 2011, it had a population of 3,847.

The first settlement in the area was after the 1974 conflict, as houses were built by a labor union, Türk-Sen. The area was named "Taşkınköy" after Necati Taşkın, the chairman of the labor union who was killed in a crash while the construction was still underway.

Today, the area hosts a vibrant shopping street, with occasional shopping festivals.

Mahallah
A mahalla (Arabic: مَحَلَّة, romanized: maḥalla, also transliterated as mahallah, etc.) is an Arabic word that comes from the root ḥ-l-l (ح ل ل), and originally denoted a place where one makes a halt. It has been variously translated as district, quarter, ward, or neighborhood in many parts of the Arab world, the Balkans, West and Central Asia, the Indian subcontinent, and nearby nations. In the Maghreb, it referred to a military formation or campaign for tax collection in the service of the sultan and his makhzen.
Thomas Corwin House
The Corwin House is a historic home located in Lebanon, Ohio, that was once inhabited by former Ohio Governor and United States Treasury Secretary Thomas Corwin.  It is a 16-room frame house built in 1818 by Phineas Ross.

Historic house
A historic house generally meets several criteria before being listed by an official body as "historic." Generally the building is at least a certain age, depending on the rules for the individual list.  A second factor is that the building be in recognizably the same form as when it became historic.  Third is a requirement that either an event of historical importance happened at the site, or that a person of historical significance was associated with the site, or that the building itself is important for its architecture or interior. Many historic houses are also considered museums and retain permanent collections that help tell the story of their house and the era.
Neodymium magnet
A neodymium magnet (also known as NdFeB, NIB or Neo magnet) is a permanent magnet made from an alloy of neodymium, iron, and boron that forms the Nd2Fe14B tetragonal crystalline structure.  They are the most widely used type of rare-earth magnet.

Developed independently in 1984 by General Motors and  Sumitomo Special Metals, neodymium magnets are the strongest type of permanent magnet available commercially.   They have replaced other types of magnets in many applications in modern products that require strong permanent magnets, such as electric motors in cordless tools, hard disk drives and magnetic fasteners.

NdFeB magnets can be classified as sintered or bonded, depending on the manufacturing process used.

Tesla (unit)
The tesla (symbol: T) is the unit of magnetic flux density (also called magnetic B-field strength) in the International System of Units (SI).

One tesla is equal to one weber per square metre. The unit was announced during the General Conference on Weights and Measures in 1960 and is named in honour of Serbian-American electrical and mechanical engineer Nikola Tesla, upon the proposal of the Slovenian electrical engineer France Avčin.
Blaster Master 2
Blaster Master 2 is a 1993 run and gun video game developed by Software Creations and published by Sunsoft for the Sega Genesis. The game is a sequel to the original Blaster Master for the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES), and was released specifically for the North American market following the first game's success in that region. The staff of the original Japanese version of Blaster Master, titled Chô Wakusei Senki Metafight, had nothing to do with Blaster Master 2, and Sunsoft Japan did not release the game in Japan. It was reported as being in development for the Super NES in the March 1992 issue of Nintendo Power. The game was also mentioned in August 1992 issue of Nintendo Power, but they stated that it was not close to completion.

Software Creations
Acclaim Studios Manchester (formerly Software Creations) was a British video game developer based in Manchester, England. The company was established in 1985 by Richard Kay. They were primarily known for their video games based on movie and comic licences like Marvel Comics, Cutthroat Island, Disney's Beauty and the Beast and the original titles Plok!, Solstice, and its sequel Equinox.
Malad West metro station
Malad West (officially known as Motilal Oswal - Malad West) is an elevated metro station serving the Ekta Nagar neighbourhood of Malad, on the North-South corridor of the Yellow Line 2A of the Mumbai Metro in Mumbai, India. This station is owned by the Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority (MMRDA), and was inaugurated on 19 January 2023.

Malad
Malad (Pronunciation: [maːlaːɖ]) is a suburb located in North Mumbai. Malad has a railway station on the Western Line (Mumbai Suburban Railway) of the Mumbai Suburban Railway, lying between Kandivali station to the north and Goregaon station to the south. The railway tracks of the Western Line divide the suburb into Malad (West) and Malad (East). It has a large Marathi and Marwadi population. Also located in Malad is a prominent office and commercial space extending from the back of two prominent shopping malls: Inorbit Mall and Infiniti Mall. Marve Beach and Aksa Beach areas suburbs located in Malad.
Bow Peak
Bow Peak is a 2,840-metre (9,320-foot) mountain summit located in the Bow River valley of Banff National Park, in the Canadian Rockies of Alberta, Canada. Its nearest higher peak is Crowfoot Mountain, 2.11 km (1.31 mi) to the east. Bow Peak is situated north of Hector Lake, southeast of Bow Lake, and can be seen from the Icefields Parkway. Although not of remarkable elevation, the mountain is a conspicuous landmark and visible from as far away as the Lake Louise area. Its position in the Waputik Mountains provides magnificent views from the summit.

Alberta Highway 93
Highway 93 is a north–south highway in Alberta, Canada.  It is also known as the Banff-Windermere Parkway south of the Trans-Canada Highway (Highway 1) and the Icefields Parkway north of the Trans-Canada Highway.  It travels through Banff National Park and Jasper National Park and is maintained by Parks Canada for its entire length.  It runs from the British Columbia border at Vermilion Pass in the south, where it becomes British Columbia Highway 93, to its terminus at the junction with the Yellowhead Highway (Highway 16) at Jasper.  The route takes its number from U.S. Route 93, which runs uninterrupted south to central Arizona, and was initially designated as '93' in 1959.
Danionella cerebrum
Danionella cerebrum is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish from the family Danionidae endemic to Myanmar. The species was described relatively recently by ichthyologists Ralf Britz, Kevin W. Conway, and Lukas Rüber in 2021. This fish also produces an exceptionally loud sound relative to its size, coming in at 140 decibels. The species name, cerebrum, is derived from the Latin word for “brain”, reflecting the unusually small size and unique features of this vertebrate’s brain. In addition to its small brain size, the brain of this fish species is externally visible due to the feature of an open skull roof, making it a prime model organism for cellular-level neurophysiological research. Because of these traits, the species has become increasingly important for advancing studies in neuroscience.

Danionin
The danionins are a group of small, slender "minnow-type" freshwater fish nestled in the family Danionidae of the suborder Cyprinoidei. Species of this group are in the genera clades Danio and Devario (which also includes Chela, Laubuka, Microdevario, and Microrasbora genera), based on the latest phylo-genetic research by Fang et al in 2009. They are primarily native to the fresh waters of South and Southeast Asia, with fewer species in Africa. Many species are brightly coloured and are available as aquarium fish worldwide. Fishes of the Danio clade tend to have horizontal striping, rows of spots, or vertical bars, and often have long barbels. Species within the Devario clade tend to have vertical or horizontal bars, and short, rudimentary barbels, if present at all. All danionins are egg scatterers, and breed in the rainy season in the wild. They are carnivores, living on insects and small crustaceans.
Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life
The Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life (ASQoL) questionnaire is a patient-reported outcome (PRO) measure which assesses the quality of life of patients with ankylosing spondylitis. The ASQoL is based on the needs-based quality of life model. It is a self-administered questionnaire which contains 18 items and takes up to four minutes to complete.

Developed by Galen Research and published in 2003, the ASQoL has been used in clinical studies worldwide.  The content for the measure was drawn from qualitative interviews that were conducted with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients.  The draft version of the ASQoL was created and then went through several stages of testing to ensure it had good face validity, content validity, reproducibility and construct validity.

Quality of life
Quality of life (QOL) is defined by the World Health Organization as "an individual's perception of their position in life in the context of the culture and value systems in which they live and in relation to their goals, expectations, standards and concerns".

Standard indicators of the quality of life include wealth, employment, the environment, physical and mental health, education, recreation and leisure time, social belonging, religious beliefs, safety, security and freedom. QOL has a wide range of contexts, including the fields of international development, healthcare, politics and employment. Health related QOL (HRQOL) is an evaluation of QOL and its relationship with health.
KWOR
KWOR (1340 AM) is a radio station broadcasting a talk radio format. It is licensed to Worland, Wyoming, United States. The station is currently owned by the Big Horn Radio Network, a division of Legend Communications of Wyoming, LLC, and features programming from FOX News Radio, Westwood One and CBS Radio.

KWOR, KKLX and KVGL studios are located at 1340 Radio Drive, Worland. The KWOR transmitter and tower are at the studios.

CBS Radio
CBS Radio was a radio broadcasting company and radio network operator owned by CBS Corporation and founded in 1928, with consolidated radio station groups owned by CBS and Westinghouse Broadcasting/Group W since the 1920s, and Infinity Broadcasting since the 1970s. The broadcasting company was sold to Entercom (now known as Audacy, Inc.) on November 17, 2017.

Although CBS's involvement in radio dates back to the establishment of the original CBS Radio Network in 1927, the most recent radio division was formed by the 1997 acquisition of Infinity Broadcasting by CBS owner Westinghouse. In 1999, Infinity became a division of the original Viacom; in 2005, Viacom spun CBS and Infinity Broadcasting back into a separate company, and the division was renamed CBS Radio. It was the last radio group left to be tied to a major broadcast television network, as NBC divested its radio interests in the 1980s, and ABC sold off its division to Citadel Broadcasting (now part of Cumulus Media) in 2007.
Kamchia (biosphere reserve)
The Kamchia Biosphere Reserve, (Bulgarian: Биосферен Резерват Камчия) is a former UNESCO-listed biosphere reserve on the northern coastline of Bulgaria, comprising the floodplain at the mouth of the Kamchia River. Consisting largely of alluvial longose groves, (or the Longoz as it is also known), but also featuring some of the Black Sea coastline, the area of the protected habitats in the reserve, together with Kamchia Sands Protected Area, totals 1.200 ha. Established in 1977, it protects the primeval forest from the intensive logging and drainage that had decimated it by mid-20th century. It is situated 25 km south of the town of Varna and is enclosed by the villages of Staro Oriahovo, Shkorpilovtsi and Bliznatsi.

The biosphere reserve status was removed in 2017.

Shkorpilovtsi
Shkorpilovtsi (Bulgarian: Шкорпиловци) is a small village and sea resort in Dolni Chiflik Municipality on the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast, located only 100 m away from one of the beaches on the Moesian Black Sea Coast. Its proximity to the sea capital of Bulgaria, Varna, makes it a preferred holiday destination for many Bulgarian and foreign tourists.

The resort was named after the Czech–Bulgarian archaeologist brothers Karel and Hermann Škorpil, long-time citizens of Varna.
10th Arizona State Legislature
The 10th Arizona State Legislature, consisting of the Arizona State Senate and the Arizona House of Representatives, was constituted from January 1, 1931, to December 31, 1932, during the first and second years of George W. P. Hunt's seventh tenure as Governor of Arizona, in Phoenix. The number of senators remained constant at 19, while the number of representatives increased from 54 to 63. The Democrats increased the large majorities they held in both houses.

Arizona House of Representatives
The Arizona House of Representatives is the lower house of the Arizona Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Arizona. The upper house is the Senate. The House convenes in the legislative chambers at the Arizona State Capitol in Phoenix. Its members are elected to two-year terms, with a term limit of four consecutive terms (eight years). Each of the state's 30 legislative districts elects two state house representatives and one state senator, with each district having a population of at least 203,000.

The last election occurred on November 5, 2024, with the Republican Party securing a majority in the House.
Grace Asare
Grace Asare  (born 12 October 1989) is a Ghanaian footballer who plays as a defender for the Ghana women's national football team. She was part of the team at the 2014 African Women's Championship. At the club level, she played for Reformers Ladies in Ghana.

2014 African Women's Championship
The 2014 African Women's Championship, the 11th edition of the tournament, was held in Namibia. This tournament, organized by the Confederation of African Football, was also a qualification tournament for the 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup, with top three qualifying for the finals in Canada. It was played on 11–25 October 2014.

The tournament marked the first participation of Namibia in the African championship. Also for the first time the defending champions, Equatorial Guinea, were not taking part after failing to win their last qualifying round match.

Nigeria defeated Cameroon 2–0 in the final to win their record-extending seventh title.
Frozie cup
A Frozie cup (also frozie ~, frozy ~, or frozen cup, "cold cup", "ice cup" or "icy cup") is a simple Australian frozen dessert, often sold for school or community group fundraising.

A frozie cup consists simply of frozen cordial in paper, plastic or styrofoam cup. The block of ice is sometimes inverted in the cup when sold.

Frozie cups are sold at Australian canteens/tuck shops for approximately $1 AUD.

Some frozie cups are milk-based or ice cream based.

Frozie cups are also used around the world as a substitute for an ice pop. Often using sugar-based drinks such as Kool-Aid for flavor.

Frozen cups are well known in New Orleans.

Fundraising
Fundraising or fund-raising is the process of seeking and gathering voluntary financial contributions by engaging individuals, businesses, charitable foundations, or governmental agencies. Although fundraising typically refers to efforts to gather money for non-profit organizations, it is sometimes used to refer to the identification and solicitation of investors or other sources of capital for for-profit enterprises.

Traditionally, fundraising has consisted mostly of asking for donations through face-to-face fundraising, such as door-knocking. In recent years, though, new forms such as online fundraising or grassroots fundraising have emerged.
Jack Fiddler
Zhauwuno-geezhigo-gaubow also known as Jack Fiddler (from the Oji-Cree: Zhaawano-giizhigo-gaabaw meaning  "He who stands in the southern sky") and as Maisaninnine or Mesnawetheno (in Swampy Cree meaning "Stylish man") (c. 1839 – September 30, 1907), was an ogimaa (chief and shaman) of the Sucker doodem (clan) among the Anishinaabe in what is now northwestern Ontario. His arrest in 1906 for the alleged murder of a wendigo and his suicide before trial marked the beginning of the imposition of Canadian law on the Sucker People. Until then, Fiddler's people had been among the last aboriginal peoples living in North America completely under their own law and custom.

Anishinaabe clan system
The Anishinaabe, like most Algonquian-speaking groups in North America, base their system of kinship on clans or totems. The Ojibwe word for clan (doodem) was borrowed into English as totem. The clans, based mainly on animals, were instrumental in traditional occupations, intertribal relations, and marriages. Today, the clan remains an important part of Anishinaabe identity. Each clan is forbidden from harming its representation animal by any means, as it is a bad omen to do so.
Janira Hopffer Almada
Janira Isabel Fonseca Hopffer Almada (born 27 September 1978) is a lawyer and politician from Cape Verde who served as the president of the African Party for the Independence of Cape Verde (PAICV) from 2014 to 2021.

African Party for the Independence of Cape Verde
The African Party for Independence of Cape Verde (Portuguese: Partido Africano da Independência de Cabo Verde, PAICV) is a democratic socialist political party in Cape Verde. It was the sole legal party in the country from 1981 to 1990. Its members are nicknamed "os tambarinas" (the tamarinds) in Portuguese, and they identify themselves with the color yellow. Their rivals are the centrist Movement for Democracy, or the wind fans, and the conservative Democratic and Independent Cape Verdean Union.
Ministry of Information (Cambodia)
The Ministry of Information (Khmer: ក្រសួងព័ត៌មាន, UNGEGN: Krâsuŏng Poărtâméan) is the government ministry in charge of media and information in Cambodia. The current Minister of Information is Neth Pheaktra.

Romanization of Khmer
The romanization of Khmer is a representation of the Khmer (Cambodian) language using letters of the Latin alphabet. This is most commonly done with Khmer proper nouns, such as names of people and geographical names, as in a gazetteer.
Bairamov
Bairamov or Bayramov is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Vladimir Bairamov (born 1980), Turkmenistani footballer

Nazar Bayramov (born 1982), Turkmenistani footballer

Nuru Bayramov (born 1963), surgeon and professor

Rovshan Bayramov, Azerbaijani wrestler

Nazar Baýramow
Nazar Karadzhayevich Bayramov or Nazar Karaýewiç Baýramow (Russian: Назар Караджаевич Байрамов, romanized: Nazar Karadzhayevich Bayramov; born 4 September 1982) is a former football player who last played as a midfielder for Turkmenistan. 
Bayramow is the younger brother of Wladimir Baýramow.
1992 Melbourne Cup
The 1992 Melbourne Cup was a two-mile handicap horse race which took place on Tuesday, 3 November 1992. The race was run over 3,200 metres (1.988 mi), at Flemington Racecourse.

The Cup was won by the 4 year old gelding Subzero.  Subzero was trained by Lee Freedman, his second win of five in the Cup after Tawriffic in 1989 and followed by Doriemus (1995) and Makybe Diva (2004 and 2005).  It was the only win by Greg Hall in the Melbourne Cup.

After the Australian bred Subzero, the next five placings were New Zealand bred horses including the runner up and race favourite Veandercross and the three time Wellington Cup winner Castletown in third.

Following his retirement, Subzero was employed as the clerk of the course's horse by Graham Salisbury, Racing Victoria's long-time clerk. Subzero died in 2020 at the age of 32, two months after Graham Salisbury.

Flemington Racecourse
Flemington Racecourse is a major horse racing venue located in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.  It is most notable for hosting the Melbourne Cup, which is the world's richest handicap and the world's richest 3200-metre horse race.  The racecourse is situated on low alluvial flats, next to the Maribyrnong River.  The area was first used for horse racing in March 1840.