hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Stalisfield
Stalisfield is a village in the borough of Swale in Kent, England, located on a secondary road about 1½ miles (2.4 km) north of Charing and 5 miles south west of Faversham. The parish includes the hamlet of Stalisfield Green.

Stalisfield Green lies high on the North Downs (a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty), some 650 feet above sea level, and close to the escarpment above Charing.

Borough of Swale
Swale is a local government district with borough status in Kent, England. The council is based in Sittingbourne, the borough's largest town. The borough also contains the towns of Faversham, Queenborough and Sheerness, along with numerous villages and surrounding rural areas. It includes the Isle of Sheppey and is named after The Swale, the narrow channel which separates Sheppey from the mainland part of the borough. Some southern parts of the borough lie within the Kent Downs, a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

The borough borders the Medway unitary authority area to the west, the Borough of Maidstone to the south-west, the Borough of Ashford to the south-east, and the City of Canterbury to the east. Under proposed reorganisation in either April 2027 or 2028 the borough will face abolition and will join with one or more adjoining councils to form a new Unitary Authority. Details of such proposals are expected in Autumn 2025.
Carl Davis (American football)
Carl Davis (born March 2, 1992) is an American professional football defensive tackle. He played college football for the Iowa Hawkeyes and was selected by the Baltimore Ravens in the third round of the 2015 NFL draft. Davis has also been a member of several other NFL teams.

Iowa Hawkeyes football
The Iowa Hawkeyes football program represents the University of Iowa in college football. The Hawkeyes compete in the Big Ten Conference. Iowa joined the Conference (then known as the Western Conference or Big Nine) in 1899 and played their first Conference football season in 1900. They are a Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) member of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The Hawkeyes play their home games in Iowa City, Iowa, at Kinnick Stadium, with a capacity of 69,250. The Hawkeyes are coached by Kirk Ferentz, who is in his 27th season as the head coach and is the longest current tenured head coach in NCAA Division I FBS. The Hawkeyes have won 13 conference championships (including 11 in the Big Ten). Iowa has been ranked #1 in the AP and Coaches Poll 15 times.
Haynes Roadster
Haynes Roadster is a replica of a Lotus Seven home-built car, according to the book Build Your Own Sports Car: On a Budget by Chris Gibbs (ISBN 1-84425-391-0). A Ford Sierra is used in the car as a donor for drivetrain and suspension components.

The Haynes Roadster is a follow-up to the Locost design described in a book by Ron Champion. Locost uses a Ford Escort Mark II as a donor, but as these have become increasingly rare, a design based on the more affordable Ford Sierra has been proposed. In contrast to Locost, which used Escort's solid axle at the rear, Haynes Roadster has independent, double wishbone, front and rear suspension.

Chassis
A chassis (US: /ˈtʃæ.si/, UK: /ˈʃæ.si/; plural chassis /-iz/ from French châssis [ʃɑsi]), is the load-bearing framework of a manufactured object, which structurally supports the object in its construction and function. An example of a chassis is a vehicle frame, the underpart of a motor vehicle, on which the body is mounted; if the running gear such as wheels and transmission, and sometimes even the driver's seat, are included, then the assembly is described as a rolling chassis.
Hermann Hansen Aarsrud
Hermann Hansen Aarsrud (14 July 1837 – 14 February 1927) was a Norwegian farmer and politician for the Liberal Party.

He was elected as a deputy representative to the Parliament of Norway from the constituency Hedemarkens Amt in 1888, and moved up as a regular representative following the 1890 death of Eivind Torp. He was re-elected in 1891, 1894 and 1897, serving through 1900. He was a farmer and merchant in Våler Municipality. He served as mayor of Våler Municipality from 1879 to 1904.

Together with Amalie Lundeby (1849–1915) he had the son Halvdan Aarsrud, who became a member of Parliament in 1916.

1891 Norwegian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Norway in 1891. The result was a victory for the Liberal Party, which won 63 of the 114 seats in the Storting. The Conservative Party and the Moderate Liberal Party contested the elections in an alliance, although separate lists were used in some constituencies.
Herbert E. Horowitz
Herbert Eugene Horowitz (July 10, 1930 – March 2, 2019) was a career member of the Senior Foreign Service, Class of Minister-Counselor, American Ambassador to The Gambia from 1986 to 1989, consul general in Sydney, Australia from 1981 to 1984, and deputy chief of mission at the Embassy in Beijing, China from 1984 to 1986.

Embassy of the United States, Beijing
The Embassy of the United States in Beijing (Chinese: 美国驻华大使馆; pinyin: Měiguó Zhù Huá Dàshǐ Guǎn) is the diplomatic mission of the United States in the People's Republic of China. It serves as the administrative office of the United States Ambassador to China. The embassy complex is in Chaoyang, Beijing.

In addition to Beijing, it covers the municipalities of Tianjin and Chongqing and the provinces of Gansu, Guizhou, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Inner Mongolia, Jiangxi, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Tibet, Xinjiang, and Yunnan.
Castel Cellesi
Castel Cellesi is an Italian village with a population of 200 located in the area of Tuscia at the meeting point of Northern Lazio, Umbria and Tuscany. It is a frazione of Bagnoregio, in the Province of Viterbo.

Umbria
Umbria (/ˈʌmbriə/ UM-bree-ə; Italian: [ˈumbrja]) is a region of central Italy. It includes Lake Trasimeno and Marmore Falls, and is crossed by the Tiber. It is the only landlocked region on the Apennine Peninsula. The capital is Perugia. The region has 851,954 inhabitants as of 2025.

The region is characterized by hills, mountains, thick forests, valleys and historical towns such as the university centre of Perugia, Assisi (a World Heritage Site associated with St. Francis of Assisi), Terni, Norcia, Città di Castello, Gubbio, Spoleto, Orvieto, Todi, Castiglione del Lago, Narni, Amelia, Spello and other small cities.
Kreis Pleschen
Kreis Pleschen (Polish: Powiat pleszewski) was a county in the southern administrative district of Posen, in the Prussian province of Posen. It presently lies in the south-eastern part of Polish region of Greater Poland Voivodeship.

Posen (region)
Posen was the southern of two Prussian administrative regions, or Regierungsbezirke (Polish: rejencja), of the Grand Duchy of Posen (1815–1849) and its successor, the Province of Posen (1849–1918). The administrative region was bordered on the north by Regierungsbezirk Bromberg, to the west by the Province of Brandenburg, to the south by the Silesia Province, and to the east by Russian Congress Poland.

The Posen region was inhabited mainly by Poles practicing Roman Catholicism, although it had a minority of Germans, mostly Protestants. After World War I, most of the territory of this region was ceded to Poland.
David Emerson
David Lee Emerson, PC OBC (born September 17, 1945) is a Canadian economist, financial executive, and politician. He was formerly the Member of Parliament for the riding of Vancouver Kingsway. He was first elected as a Liberal and served as Minister of Industry under Prime Minister Paul Martin. After controversially crossing the floor to join Stephen Harper's Conservatives, he served as Minister of International Trade and Minister for the Pacific Gateway and the Vancouver-Whistler Olympics, followed by Minister of Foreign Affairs.

King's Privy Council for Canada
The King's Privy Council for Canada (French: Conseil privé du Roi pour le Canada), sometimes called His Majesty's Privy Council for Canada or simply the Privy Council (PC), is the full group of personal advisors to the monarch of Canada on state and constitutional affairs. Practically, the tenets of responsible government require the sovereign or his viceroy, the governor general, almost always to follow only that advice tendered by the Cabinet: a committee within the Privy Council composed usually of elected members of Parliament. Those summoned to the Privy Council are appointed for life by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister. The group is composed predominantly of former Cabinet ministers, with some others having been inducted as an honorary gesture. Privy counsellors are accorded the use of an honorific style and post-nominal letters, as well as various signifiers of precedence.
Milan Dedinac
Milan Dedinac (Kragujevac, Kingdom of Serbia, 27 September 1902 – Opatija, Yugoslavia, 26 September 1966) was a Serbian poet, the most expressive lyricist among the Surrealists. Similar to Crnjanski, although in a different way, he was a follower of the creator of the Serbian lyric song Branko Radičević. He didn't write much. Almost all of his poetic work is collected in the book Od nemila do nedraga (1957). He also dealt with theatre criticism. He was one of the thirteen who signed the Beogradski nadrealizam (Belgrade Surrealist manifesto) in the Almanac Nemogučeg-L'Impossible in 1930.

Belgrade New Cemetery
The New Cemetery (Serbian: Ново гробље, Novo groblje) is a cemetery complex in Belgrade, Serbia, with a distinct history. It is located in Ruzveltova street in Zvezdara municipality. The cemetery was built in 1886 as the third Christian cemetery in Belgrade and as the first architecturally and urbanistically planned cemetery in Serbia.

In addition to graves of ordinary citizens, the cemetery complex also includes special sections: military graves from Serbian-Ottoman War (1876–1877), Serbo-Bulgarian War, Balkan Wars and World Wars, the Alley of the Greats and the Alley of Distinguished Citizens, where some of the most important persons in the history of Serbia are buried. Two Jewish cemeteries (a Sephardic and an Ashkenazi one) are located adjacent to the New Cemetery, but are administrated separately.
Underwood Spring Park
Underwood Spring Park was a 19th- and 20th-century pleasure resort overlooking Casco Bay in Falmouth Foreside, Maine, United States. Containing an open-air theater, a casino and a gazebo, it was a popular gathering spot serviced by the trolley cars of the Portland and Yarmouth Electric Railway. The Portland and Yarmouth Electric Railway Company opened the park, located to north of the town landing, on July 18, 1899, to promote the line's service to and from Portland, Maine's largest city, every fifteen minutes. A looped spur off the main line was built the month following the resort's completion to facilitate the ease of passengers' arrivals.

The theater, which was managed by Edward A. Newman, burned down in 1907 and was not rebuilt. The park subsequently closed.

The Underwood name is still in use in the vicinity, including Underwood Park and the adjacent Underwood Springs Forest Preserve, both on the inland side of State Route 88.

Amphitheatre
An amphitheatre  (American English: amphitheater) is an open-air venue used for entertainment, performances, and sports. The term derives from the ancient Greek ἀμφιθέατρον (amphitheatron), from ἀμφί (amphi), meaning "on both sides" or "around" and θέατρον (théātron), meaning "place for viewing".

Ancient Greek theatres were typically built on hillsides and semi-circular in design. The first amphitheatre may have been built at Pompeii around 70 BC. Ancient Roman amphitheatres were oval or circular in plan, with seating tiers that surrounded the central performance area, like a modern open-air stadium. In contrast, both ancient Greek and ancient Roman theatres were built in a semicircle, with tiered seating rising on one side of the performance area.

Modern English parlance uses "amphitheatre" for any structure with sloping seating, including theatre-style stages with spectator seating on only one side, theatres in the round, and stadia. They can be indoor or outdoor.
Lozen Saddle
Lozen Saddle (Lozenska Sedlovina \'lo-zen-ska se-dlo-vi-'na\) is a 437 m high saddle situated between Lozen Nunatak and Zograf Peak in Tangra Mountains, eastern Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica which provides overland access from the Wörner Gap area to the Shipka Valley.  The saddle was first crossed by the Bulgarian Lyubomir Ivanov from Camp Academia on 17 December 2004, and takes its name from the adjacent Lozen Nunatak.

Livingston Island
Livingston Island (Russian name Smolensk, 62°36′S 60°30′W﻿ / ﻿62.600°S 60.500°W﻿ / -62.600; -60.500) is an Antarctic island in the Southern Ocean, part of the South Shetlands Archipelago, a group of Antarctic islands north of the Antarctic Peninsula. It was the first land discovered south of 60° south latitude in 1819, a historic event that marked the end of a centuries-long pursuit of the mythical Terra Australis Incognita and the beginning of the exploration and utilization of real Antarctica. The name Livingston, although of unknown derivation, has been well established in international usage since the early 1820s.
Methoxy group
In organic chemistry, a methoxy group is the functional group consisting of a methyl group bound to oxygen. This alkoxy group has the formula R−O−CH3.

On a benzene ring, the Hammett equation classifies a methoxy substituent at the para position as an electron-donating group, but as an electron-withdrawing group if at the meta position. At the ortho position, steric effects are likely to cause a significant alteration in the Hammett equation prediction, which otherwise follows the same trend as that of the para position.

Electron-withdrawing group
An electron-withdrawing group (EWG) is a group or atom that has the ability to draw electron density toward itself and away from other adjacent atoms. This electron density transfer is often achieved by resonance or inductive effects. Electron-withdrawing groups have significant impacts on fundamental chemical processes such as acid-base reactions, redox potentials, and substitution reactions.
Okubay Tsegay
Okubay Tsegay (born 1 January 1986) is an Eritrean long-distance runner. In 2019, he competed in the men's marathon at the 2019 World Athletics Championships held in Doha, Qatar. He did not finish.

In 2018, he competed in the 2018 Berlin Marathon. He finished in 7th place. He also finished in 7th place in the 2021 Berlin Marathon.

2018 Berlin Marathon
The 2018 Berlin Marathon was the 45th edition of the Berlin Marathon. The marathon took place in Berlin, Germany, on 16 September 2018 and was the fourth World Marathon Majors race of the year. The men's race was won by Eliud Kipchoge, who set a new world record time of 2:01:39. The women's race was won by Gladys Cherono in a time of 2:18:11.
ARA Murature
At least two ships of the Argentine Navy have been named Murature:

ARA Murature (M-5), a minesweeper previously the German M-74 and renamed on transfer in 1922. She was decommissioned in 1938.

ARA Murature (P-20), a Murature-class patrol boat launched in 1944 and decommissioned in 2014.

Argentine Navy
The Argentine Navy (ARA; Spanish: Armada de la República Argentina) is the navy of Argentina. It is one of the three branches of the Armed Forces of the Argentine Republic, together with the Army and the Air Force.

The Argentine Navy day is celebrated on May 17, anniversary of the victory in 1814 at the Battle of Montevideo over the Spanish fleet during the war of Independence.
Kuyucu Murad Pasha
Kuyucu Murad Pasha (Ottoman Turkish for "Murad Pasha the Well-digger", i.e. "Gravedigger"; Serbo-Croatian: Murat-paša Kujudžić; 1530 – 1611) was an Ottoman Bosnian statesman who served as Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire during the reign of Ahmed I between December 9, 1606, and August 5, 1611. Maybe he was the fourth husband of Fatma Sultan, a daughter of Sultan Murad III (Ahmed I's grandfather). They married in 1611.

Konya
Konya is a major city in central Turkey, on the southwestern edge of the Central Anatolian Plateau, and is the capital of Konya Province. During antiquity and into Seljuk times it was known as Iconium.  In 19th-century accounts of the city in English its name is usually spelt Konia or Koniah. In the late medieval period, Konya was the capital of the Seljuk Turks' Sultanate of Rum, from where the sultans ruled over Anatolia.

As of 2024, the population of the Metropolitan Province was 2,330,024. 1,433,861 live in the three urban districts (Karatay, Selcuklu, Meram), making it the sixth most populous city in Turkey, and second most populous of the Central Anatolia Region, after Ankara. City has Konya is served by TCDD high-speed train (YHT) services from Istanbul, Ankara and Karaman. The local airport (Konya Havalimanı, KYA) is served by frequent flights from Istanbul whereas flights to and from İzmir are offered few times a week.
T.S. Carlyon Cup
The T.S. Carlyon Cup, currently called the MRC Foundation Cup, is a Melbourne Racing Club Group 3 Thoroughbred open horse race run under set weight conditions with penalties over a distance of 1600 metres at Caulfield Racecourse in Melbourne, Australia in February.

Melbourne Racing Club
The Melbourne Racing Club (MRC) is one of three metropolitan horse racing clubs in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. It began life as the Victoria Amateur Turf Club in 1875, with E. C. Moore as the club's first Secretary. The first VATC race meeting was held at Dowling Forest Racecourse in Ballarat, on Friday, 24 March 1876. Within six months, the VATC was granted use of Crown land at Caulfield as a permanent home in Melbourne.
Crotogoudin
Crotogoudin is a cytotoxic diterpene compound derived from the Madagascan croton plant from which crotobarin was similarly isolated. In in vitro studies, it showed antiproliferative activity against various human cancer cell lines.

Croton (plant)
Croton is an extensive plant genus in the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae. The plants of this genus were described and introduced to Europeans by Georg Eberhard Rumphius.  The common names for this genus are rushfoil and croton, but the latter also refers to Codiaeum variegatum. The generic name comes from the Greek κρότος (krótos), which means "tick" and refers to the shape of the seeds of certain species.
Cantina
A cantina is a type of bar common in Latin America and Spain.  The word is similar in etymology to "canteen", and is derived from the Italian word for a cellar, winery, or vault. 
In Italy, the word cantina refers to a room below the ground level where wine and other products such as salami are stored.

As cantine it was used to refer to the shop of a sutler, an army camp follower.

Winery
A winery is a building or property that produces wine, or a business involved in the cultivation and production of wine, such as a wine company. Some wine companies own many wineries. Besides wine making equipment, larger wineries may also feature warehouses, bottling lines, laboratories, and large expanses of tanks known as tank farms. Wineries may have existed as long as 8,000 years ago.
2014 San Diego elections
Municipal elections were held in San Diego in 2014 for city council and propositions. The primary election was held on June 3, 2014, and the general election was held on November 4, 2014. Four of the nine seats of the San Diego City Council were contested. Two city council incumbents ran for re-election in their same district and one ran for election in a new district due to redistricting.

Municipal elections in California are officially non-partisan, although most members do identify a party preference. A two-round system was used for the election, starting with a primary in June followed by a runoff in November between the top-two candidates if no candidate received a majority of the votes in the first round.

Midway, San Diego
Midway (also known as the Midway District) is a neighborhood in San Diego, California. It is located at the northern (mainland) end of the Point Loma peninsula, northwest of downtown San Diego, and just west of Old Town. It is often considered to be part of Point Loma, although the city treats it as a separate planning area.

The boundaries of the Midway community plan are the San Diego River and Interstate 8 to the north, Interstate 5 to the east, Laurel Street to the south, and Lytton Street and the bluffs above Kenyon Street to the west. In addition to the core Midway area, the community plan includes portions of the historic neighborhoods of Five Points and Middletown. The planning area encompasses approximately 800 acres (320 ha) of mostly flat land. The area is primarily commercial and industrial, plus a few small pockets of multifamily residential development.
BIBO stability
In signal processing, specifically control theory, bounded-input, bounded-output (BIBO) stability is a form of stability for signals and systems that take inputs. If a system is BIBO stable, then the output will be bounded for every input to the system that is bounded.

A signal is bounded if there is a finite value  such that the signal magnitude never exceeds , that is

For discrete-time signals:

For continuous-time signals:

Rational function
In mathematics, a rational function is any function that can be defined by a rational fraction, which is an algebraic fraction such that both the numerator and the denominator are polynomials. The coefficients of the polynomials need not be rational numbers; they may be taken in any field K. In this case, one speaks of a rational function and a rational fraction over K. The values of the variables may be taken in any field L containing K. Then the domain of the function is the set of the values of the variables for which the denominator is not zero, and the codomain is L.

The set of rational functions over a field K is a field, the field of fractions of the ring of the polynomial functions over K.
OLA
OLA may stand for:

United Nations Office of Legal Affairs

Official Languages Act 2003, Ireland

Oklahoma Library Association

Online authorisation

Ontario Lacrosse Association

Ontario Legislative Assembly

Ontario Library Association

Open Learning Agency, British Columbia, Canada

Operational-level agreement in support of a service-level agreement

WebSphere Optimized Local Adapters, IBM software

Oregon Library Association

Oromo Liberation Army, armed opposition  group in Ethiopia and former armed wing of the OLF

Ostseeland Verkehrs Gmbh, a Transdev Germany railway

Our Lady of the Abandoned Parish Church (Marikina), Philippines

Overlap–add method in signal processing

Overland Airways, ICAO airline code OLA

OLA Girls Senior High School (Ho), Ghana

OLA Girls Senior High School (Kenyasi), Ghana

Oromo Liberation Army
The Oromo Liberation Army (OLA; Oromo: Waraana Bilisummaa Oromoo, WBO) is an armed opposition group active in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia. The OLA consists primarily former armed members of the pre-peace deal Oromo Liberation Front (OLF) who refused to disarm out of skepticism of the peace deal, and officially split in April 2020.

The Ethiopian government considers the OLF to be a legal political party but the OLA to be a terrorist group, In 2021, the group announced it had established a political wing and would adopt Oromo Liberation Front-Oromo Liberation Army (OLF-OLA) (Oromo: Adda Bilisummaa Oromoo-Waraana Bilisummaa Oromoo, ABO-WBO) as its official name. The Ethiopian government refuses to call the OLA by its chosen name, instead referring to it as Shene (Oromo: Shanee, lit. 'five'), Oneg or OLF-Shene.