hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Edvinas Dautartas
Edvinas Dautartas (born 28 August 1987 in Raudondvaris) is a swimmer from Lithuania. He participated in the 2004, and 2008 Summer Olympics. National records holder.

Dautartas represented Lithuania in 2010 European Short Course Swimming Championships, where he reached final in 200 m breaststroke.

2010 European Short Course Swimming Championships
The 2010 European Short Course Swimming Championships was held 25–28 November 2010 at Pieter van den Hoogenband Zwemstadion in Eindhoven, Netherlands. The meet featured competition amongst national teams from Europe, in 38 short course (25m) swimming events.

The competition featured a preliminary/semifinals/final format for the 50 and 100 events, a timed-final format (swimmers swim only once) in the 800/1500 freestyles, and prelims/final for all other events. Preliminary heats were swum in morning sessions; Semifinals and Finals in evening sessions.

Each nation was permitted to enter three swimmers into each individual event; with a maximum of 2 eligible to advance on to Semifinals/Finals.
Lohn Estate
The Lohn Estate (German: Landsitz Lohn, French: Domaine du Lohn) is a manor and estate located in Kehrsatz, canton of Bern, Switzerland. It serves as the official estate of the Swiss Federal Council. From 1942 to 1994, the Lohn Estate accommodated the official guests of the Swiss Confederation, which have included a number of heads of States and royalty. It is a Swiss heritage site of national significance.

The manor was built in 1782 by the Tscharner family and was designed by the architect Carl Ahasver von Sinner. The estate was acquired in 1897 by the businessman Friedrich Emil Welti. In 1942, it was donated to the Swiss Confederation by Welti's widow in memory of his father, the former Federal councillor Emil Welti. The manor is a two-storey country house designed in the Neo-classical style. It features several reception rooms on the ground floor and five bedrooms on the upper floor, all adorned with paintings from the Welti collection.

Swiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance
The Swiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance (German: Schweizerisches Inventar der Kulturgüter von nationaler und regionaler Bedeutung; French: Inventaire suisse des biens culturels d'importance nationale et régionale; Italian: Inventario dei beni culturali svizzeri d'importanza nazionale e regionale) is a register of cultural property in Switzerland. It was established according to article 5 of the second protocol to the Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict, which provides for the establishment of national registers of cultural property.
Imad Ahmad Sayfour
Imad Ahmad Sayfour (born 1955) is a Kurdish, Iraqi politician. He was born in Khanaqin in 1955 and graduated from Baghdad Technical Institute in 1980. He is a senior member of Iraqi President Jalal Talebani's Patriotic Union of Kurdistan and has served as Minister for Housing and Reconstruction and as Deputy Prime Minister in the Kurdistan Regional Government.

Government of the Kurdistan Region
The Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) is the official executive body of the semi-autonomous Kurdistan Region in northern Iraq.

The cabinet is selected by the majority party or list who also select the prime minister of the Iraqi Kurdish polity. The president is directly elected by the electorate of the region and is the head of the cabinet and chief of state who delegates executive powers to the cabinet. The prime minister is traditionally the head of the legislative body but also shares executive powers with the president. The President of Kurdistan Region is also the commander-in-chief of the Peshmerga.
Alexander Charlwood
Alexander Evelyn Charlwood (25 November 1888 – 23 June 1974) was an English cricketer.  Charlwood was a right-handed batsman who occasionally fielded as a wicket-keeper.  He was born at Eastbourne, Sussex.

Charlwood made his first-class debut for Sussex against Middlesex in the 1911 County Championship.  He made nine further first-class appearances for the county, the last of which came against Warwickshire in the 1914 County Championship. In his ten first-class matches, Charlwood scored a total of 165 runs at an average of 11.00, with a high score of 34.

He died at Hove, Sussex on 23 June 1974.

Hove
Hove (/hoʊv/ HOHV) is a seaside town in East Sussex, England. Alongside Brighton, it is one of the two main parts of the city of Brighton and Hove.

Originally a fishing village surrounded by open farmland, it grew rapidly in the 19th century in response to the development of its eastern neighbour Brighton; by the Victorian era it was a fully developed town with borough status. Neighbouring parishes such as Aldrington and Hangleton were annexed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The neighbouring urban district of Portslade was merged with Hove in 1974. In 1997, as part of local government reform, the borough merged with Brighton to form the Borough of Brighton and Hove; this unitary authority was granted city status in 2000.
Siege of Ath (1697)
The siege of Ath (15 May 1697 – 5 June 1697) was a siege of the Nine Years' War. The French stockpiled 266,000 French pounds of gunpowder for the siege and used less than half of it. Consumption of other material amounted to 34,000 pounds of lead, 27,050 cannonballs, 3,400 mortar bombs, 950 grenades and 12,000 sandbags. The financial costs were 89,250 French livres. After the garrison's capitulation, 6,000 peasant workers filled up the trenches. Of the 62 French engineers present, two were killed and seven seriously wounded. This demonstration of French military potency, combined with the successful storming of Barcelona the same year, convinced the Allies to come to terms with France in the treaty of Ryswick, thus ending the war.

The siege was hailed by contemporaries as Vauban's masterpiece and the most efficient siege ever conducted, owing to its speed, low costs and the modernity of the eight-bastion fortress, which had been designed by Vauban himself 25 years earlier.

Bastion
A bastion is a structure projecting outward from the curtain wall of a fortification, most commonly angular in shape and positioned at the corners of the fort. The fully developed bastion consists of two faces and two flanks, with fire from the flanks being able to protect the curtain wall and the adjacent bastions. Compared with the medieval fortified towers they replaced, bastion fortifications offered a greater degree of passive resistance and more scope for ranged defence in the age of gunpowder artillery. As military architecture, the bastion is one element in the style of fortification dominant from the mid 16th to mid 19th centuries.
Reginald Allender Smith
Reginald Allender Smith (1873 – 18 January 1940) was an archaeologist of Palaeolithic to late Anglo-Saxon materials. He was Keeper of British and Medieval Antiquities at the British Museum from 1927 to 1938, and authored several books and British Museum catalogues.

Smith attended University College, Oxford. He was first appointed to a job at the British Museum in 1898, and was succeeded by T D Kendrick upon his retirement from the role of Keeper. He was elected a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries in 1903, serving as vice president from 1926 to 1929 and as director from 1929 to 1940.

He was on the side of the skeptics during the inquiry as to whether or not Piltdown Man was genuine, known for having offered a single line of testimony concerning a "bone implement" purported to be a tool. He remarked simply, it was reported, on "the possibility of the bone having been found and whittled in recent times."

Antiquities
Antiquities are objects from antiquity, especially the civilizations of the Mediterranean such as the Classical antiquity of Greece and Rome, Ancient Egypt, and the other Ancient Near Eastern cultures such as Ancient Persia (Iran).  Artifacts from earlier periods such as the Mesolithic, and other civilizations from Asia and elsewhere may also be covered by the term.  The phenomenon of giving a high value to ancient artifacts is found in other cultures, notably China, where Chinese ritual bronzes, three to two thousand years old, have been avidly collected and imitated for centuries, and the Pre-Columbian cultures of Mesoamerica, where in particular the artifacts of the earliest Olmec civilization are found reburied in significant sites of later cultures up to the Spanish Conquest.

A person who studies antiquities, as opposed to just collecting them, is often called an antiquarian.
Albert McLeland
Albert McLeland was an American football and basketball coach.  He was the first head football coach at the Auxiliary Manual Training Normal School—now known as Pittsburg State University—in Pittsburg, Kansas and he held that position for the 1908 season, compiling a record of 2–2–2.  McLeland was also the school's first basketball coach, serving for the 1908–09 season and tallying a mark of 4–0.

Pittsburg, Kansas
Pittsburg is a city in Crawford County, Kansas, United States, located in southeast Kansas near the Missouri state border.  It is the most populous city in Crawford County and southeast Kansas.  As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 20,646.  It is the home of Pittsburg State University.
MyLINUX
MyLINUX was a Romanian computer magazine published monthly, specialized on the Linux operating system. Each release contained a small Linux distribution on a CD. It was started in August 2005. The magazine ceased to publish in January 2007, and the final issue was made available for free over the internet in PDF format.

Computer magazine
Computer magazines are about computers and related subjects, such as networking and the Internet. Most computer magazines offer (or offered) advice, some offer programming tutorials, reviews of the latest technologies, and advertisements.
Burgess-Osborne Memorial Auditorium
The Burgess-Osborne Memorial Auditorium is a public auditorium at 1701 Wabash Avenue in Mattoon, Illinois. The building was constructed in 1952-53 using funds from the estate of Mattoon resident Emily Burgess-Osborne. Architect Oliver W. Stiegemeyer of St. Louis designed the auditorium in the mid-century modern style. His design includes a pylon above the entrance with the building's name, an asymmetrical shape, and brick and stone exterior sections, all characteristic elements of the style. The auditorium has hosted concerts, dances, political speeches, and public meetings; it was also the headquarters of the Mattoon Association of Commerce for several decades.

The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 5, 2018.

Mattoon, Illinois
Mattoon (/ˈmæt.tun/ MAT-toon) is a city in Coles County, Illinois, United States. The population was 16,870 as of the 2020 census. The city is home to Lake Land College and has close ties with its neighbor, Charleston. Both are principal cities of the Charleston–Mattoon Micropolitan Statistical Area. The town is home to the "original" Burger King.
Miss Universe Great Britain 2024
Miss Universe Great Britain 2024 was the 16th edition of the Miss Universe Great Britain pageant, held at the Riverfront Arts Centre in Newport, Wales, on 6 July 2024.

This was the first contest that eliminated the upper age limit, allowing all women over the age of 18 to compete, based on the Miss Universe decision.

Jessica Page of Liverpool (Miss Universe Great Britain 2023), crowned Christina Chalk of Stirling as her successor at the end of the event, becoming the first woman from Scotland to win the title. Chalk will represent Great Britain at Miss Universe 2024.

Miss Universe
Miss Universe is an annual international major beauty pageant that is run by the Thailand and Mexican-based Miss Universe Organization. Along with Miss World, Miss International, and Miss Earth, it is one of the Big Four beauty pageants.

The Miss Universe Organization and its brand is owned by JKN Global Group and Legacy Holding Group USA Inc., an American division of Mexican company Legacy Holding through the joint venture company JKN Legacy Inc. Telemundo had the licensing rights to air the pageant through 2023. The pageant's advocacy is "humanitarian issues and is a voice to affect positive change in the world".

The reigning Miss Universe is Fátima Bosch from Mexico who was crowned on November 20, 2025, in Pak Kret, Thailand.
Heart Rhythm
Heart Rhythm is a peer-reviewed medical journal published by Elsevier that covers the study and management of cardiac arrhythmia. It is the official journal of the Heart Rhythm Society, the Cardiac Electrophysiology Society, and the Pediatric & Congenital Electrophysiology Society. Its major focus is research and therapy of heart rhythm disorders, including mechanisms and electrophysiology, clinical and experimental, genetics, ablation, devices, drugs, and surgery. Other sections include contemporary reviews, unique case reports, viewpoints, Hands On, images, creative concepts, and editorial commentaries. New sections in 2024 include Iconic Figures and Top Stories.

Electrophysiology
Electrophysiology (from Ancient Greek: ἤλεκτρον, romanized: ēlektron, lit. 'amber' [see the etymology of "electron"]; φύσις, physis, 'nature, origin'; and -λογία, -logia) is the branch of physiology that studies the electrical properties of biological cells and tissues.  It involves measurements of voltage changes or electric current or manipulations on a wide variety of scales from single ion channel proteins to whole organs like the heart.  In neuroscience, it includes measurements of the electrical activity of neurons, and, in particular, action potential activity. Recordings of large-scale electric signals from the nervous system, such as electroencephalography, may also be referred to as electrophysiological recordings. They are useful for electrodiagnosis and monitoring.
Hoegeng Stadium
Hoegeng Stadium is a football stadium in Pekalongan, Central Java, Indonesia, and the home of Persip Pekalongan. The stadium was built in 1986 and designed with a capacity of 20,000 spectators. On 11 June 2014, for the first time, Hoegeng Stadium held a match on the evening between Persip against Persipur Purwodadi, which ended  3–0 victory for Persip Pekalongan. The stadium is named after Hoegeng, "the most honest and bravest police officer in Indonesia". It is mostly used for football matches.

Hoegeng Iman Santoso
Hoegeng (born Iman Santoso; 14 October 1922 – 14 July 2004) was the Chief of the Indonesian National Police from 1968 to 1970. Hoegeng is historically renowned for being the most courageous and honest police official in the nation, in a time when a majority of government officials were corrupt. He was well known for his constant acts and efforts to eradicate corruption and power play in Indonesian policing and promote equal criminal justice. Hoegeng had one of the briefest tenures as Chief of the Indonesian National Police.
Boyle Workman
Andrew Boyle Workman (September 20, 1868 – December 25, 1942) was a Los Angeles politician and businessman. He served as President of the Los Angeles City Council and, as such, was acting Mayor on occasion. He was the first city councilman to represent District 4 (Wilshire ward), under the new charter of 1925. He was a candidate for mayor in 1929.

Candidate
A candidate, or nominee, is a prospective recipient of an award or honor, or a person seeking or being considered for some kind of position. For example, one can be a candidate for membership in a group or election to an office, in which case a candidate selection occurs.

"Nomination" is part of the process of selecting a candidate for either election to an office by a political party, or the bestowing of an honor or award. This person is called a "nominee", though "nominee" is often used interchangeably with "candidate". A presumptive nominee is a person or organization whose nomination is considered inevitable or highly likely. The phenomenon of being a candidate in a race for either a party nomination or for electoral office is called "candidacy". The term "presumptive candidate" may be used to describe someone who is predicted to be a formal candidate.
White Chief Canyon
White Chief Canyon is an alpine glacial valley in the Mineral King area of Sequoia National Park in the US state of California. The canyon was the site of intensive silver and lead mining operations from the 1870s to the early 1900s.

Alpine tundra
Alpine tundra is a type of natural region or biome that does not contain trees because it is at high elevation, with an associated harsh climate. As the latitude of a location approaches the poles, the threshold elevation for alpine tundra gets lower until it reaches sea level and merges with polar tundra.

The high elevation causes an adverse climate, which is too cold and windy to support tree growth. Alpine tundra transitions to sub-alpine forests below the tree line; stunted forests occurring at the forest-tundra ecotone are known as krummholz. With increasing elevation it ends at the snow line where snow and ice persist through summer.

Alpine tundra occurs in mountains worldwide. The flora of the alpine tundra is characterized by dwarf shrubs close to the ground. The cold climate of the alpine tundra is caused by adiabatic cooling of air, and is similar to polar climate.
Johann Jacob Reichard
Johann Jacob Reichard (7 August 1743 in Frankfurt – 21 January 1782 in Frankfurt) was a German physician and botanist.

He studied medicine, philosophy and natural sciences at the University of Göttingen, receiving his doctorate in 1768. While working as a physician in his hometown, he carried out investigations of flora native to the Frankfurt am Main area, publishing Flora Moeno-Francofurtana (2 volumes, 1772–78) as a result. Beginning in 1773, he served as chief physician at the Senckenburg Foundation, in which capacity, he was in charge of its library, botanical gardens and chemistry laboratory. From 1779 he worked as a physician at the Bürgerhospital in Frankfurt.

In 1775 he became a member of the Academy of Sciences Leopoldina. In 1780 he was founding editor of the periodical, Medizinisches Wochenblatt für Aerzte, Wundārzte und Apotheker. The plant genus Reichardia (family Asteraceae) was named in his honor by Albrecht Wilhelm Roth.

German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina
The German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina (German: Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher Leopoldina – Nationale Akademie der Wissenschaften), in short Leopoldina, is the national academy of Germany, and is located in Halle (Saale). Founded on 1 January 1652, based on academic models in Italy, it was originally named the Academia Naturae Curiosorum until 1687 when Emperor Leopold I raised it to an academy and named it after himself. It was since known under the German name Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher Leopoldina until 2007, when it was declared to be Germany's National Academy of Sciences.
Rogów, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Rogów [ˈrɔɡuf] (German: Rehbock) is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Stepnica, within Goleniów County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) east of Stepnica, 13 km (8 mi) north-west of Goleniów, and 28 km (17 mi) north of the regional capital Szczecin.

Goleniów County
Goleniów County (Polish: powiat goleniowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Goleniów, which lies 22 kilometres (14 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin. The county also contains the towns of Nowogard, lying 24 km (15 mi) north-east of Goleniów, and Maszewo, 19 km (12 mi) south-east of Goleniów.

The county covers an area of 1,616.99 square kilometres (624.3 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 78,738, out of which the population of Goleniów is 22,448, that of Nowogard is 16,745, that of Maszewo is 3,073, and the rural population is 36,472.
Nature (radio programme)
Nature is a long-running documentary programme on BBC Radio 4, covering wildlife and environmental matters.

It is broadcast (and available on-line) on Mondays at 21:00-21:30 and repeated on Tuesdays at 11:00 (local time). Past episodes are also available, in RealAudio, from the programme's web page.

Current presenters include Grant Sonnex and Brett Westwood; former presenters include Mark Carwardine. Nature is also broadcast visually on PBS.

RealAudio
RealAudio, also spelled Real Audio, is a proprietary audio format developed by RealNetworks and first released in April 1995. It uses a variety of audio codecs, ranging from low-bitrate formats that could be used over dialup modems, to high-fidelity formats for music. It can be used as a streaming audio format, that is played at the same time as it is downloaded.

In the past, many internet radio stations used RealAudio to stream their programming over the internet in real time. In recent years, however, the format has become less common and has given way to more popular audio formats. RealAudio was heavily used by the BBC websites until 2009, though it was discontinued due to its declining use. BBC World Service, the last of the BBC websites to use RealAudio, discontinued its use in March 2011.
Dana Hall (musician)
Dana Hall (born March 13, 1969) is an American jazz drummer, percussionist, composer, bandleader, and ethnomusicologist. After spending the first few years of his life in Brooklyn, New York (his birthplace), he relocated with his family to his mother's hometown of Philadelphia. There, Hall was exposed to jazz and soul music at an early age through the recordings of his mother Diane, his uncle Earl Harris, and his large extended family. His family's interest in creative music, and their “open door” policy toward Philadelphia jazz musicians of the era sparked Hall's curiosity, passion and ultimately career in music.

Voorhees Township, New Jersey
Voorhees Township is a township in Camden County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The township is a suburb in the Delaware Valley / Greater Philadelphia Metropolitan Area. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 31,069, an increase of 1,938 (+6.7%) from the 2010 census count of 29,131, which in turn reflects an increase of 1,005 (+3.6%) from the 28,126 counted in the 2000 census.

Voorhees Township was incorporated as a township by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on March 1, 1899, from portions of Waterford Township. Portions of the township were taken on March 8, 1924, to form Gibbsboro.

The township is named for Foster McGowan Voorhees, the Governor of New Jersey who authorized its creation. The township is part of the state's South Jersey region.
Christine Williams (model)
Christine Williams (January 7, 1945 – November 22, 2017) was a model, actress and artist who was Playboy magazine's Playmate of the Month for its October 1963 issue. Her centerfold was photographed by Mario Casilli. She was born in Basingstoke, England.

Mario Casilli
Mario Anthony Casilli (January 22, 1931 – April 25, 2002) was an American photographer. Among other assignments, he worked for Playboy magazine between 1957 and 1996 and his first photoshoot there was of Jacquelyn Prescott, as Playmate of the Month of September 1957.