hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hi-MD
Hi-MD is a magneto-optical disc-based data storage format. It was a further development of the MiniDisc. With its release in late 2004, came the ability to use newly developed, high-capacity 1 gigabyte Hi-MD discs, in the same dimensions as MiniDisc. The last recorder and player was discontinued in 2011. Blank discs stopped production in September 2012.

Data storage
Data storage is the recording (storing) of information (data) in a storage medium. Handwriting, phonographic recording, magnetic tape, and optical discs are all examples of storage media. Biological molecules such as RNA and DNA are considered by some as data storage. Recording may be accomplished with virtually any form of energy. Electronic data storage requires electrical power to store and retrieve data.

Data storage in a digital, machine-readable medium is sometimes called digital data. Computer data storage is one of the core functions of a general-purpose computer. Electronic documents can be stored in much less space than paper documents. Barcodes and magnetic ink character recognition (MICR) are two ways of recording machine-readable data on paper.
Mobile County Public School System
Mobile County Public School System (MCPSS) is a school district based in unincorporated Mobile County, Alabama, United States.  The system currently serves areas of Mobile County, including the city of Mobile, with the exception of the cities of Saraland, Satsuma and Chickasaw.  Saraland voted to separate its schools from Mobile County in 2006, with Satsuma and Chickasaw following suit in 2012. The system serves urban, suburban, and rural areas.  All schools in the system are required to adopt school uniform policies. It is the largest school system in Alabama and the 71st largest school system in the United States.

School uniform
A school uniform is a uniform worn by students primarily for a school or otherwise an educational institution. They are common in primary and secondary schools in various countries and are generally widespread in Africa, Asia, Oceania, the British Isles and much of the Americas, but are not common in the United States, Canada, and most countries in continental Europe.

An example of a uniform would be requiring button-up shirts, trousers for boys, and blouses and  pleated skirts for girls, with both wearing blazers. A uniform can even be as simple as requiring collared shirts, or restricting colour choices and limiting items students are allowed to wear.
USS Beale (DD-40)
USS Beale (DD-40), a Paulding-class destroyer served in the United States Navy during World War I and later with the United States Coast Guard. She was the first ship of the Navy to be named for Edward Fitzgerald Beale.

Beale was launched on 30 April 1912 and was commissioned on 30 August 1912.  She served in the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea until 1915 and with the Atlantic Fleet from 1916 until being decommissioned in 1919.  She was transferred to the United States Coast Guard in 1924.  From 1924 to 1930 she operated to prevent rum-runners from illegally bringing alcoholic beverages into the United States.  Beale was scrapped in 1934.

Rum-running
Rum-running, or bootlegging, is the illegal business of smuggling alcoholic beverages where such transportation is forbidden by law. The term rum-running is more commonly applied to smuggling over water; bootlegging is applied to smuggling over land.

Smuggling circumvents alcohol taxes and outright prohibition of alcohol sales.
Charlotte Holmes
Charlotte Louise Holmes (born 29 September 1988) is an English TV host, model, and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss England 2012 and represented her country at Miss World 2012. She placed fourth on Britain and Ireland's Next Top Model in 2010.

Miss World 2012
Miss World 2012 was the 62nd edition of the Miss World pageant, held at the Dongsheng Fitness Center Stadium in Ordos City, China, on 18 August 2012.

Ivian Sarcos of Venezuela crowned Yu Wenxia of China as her successor at the end of the event. This is the second time China has won the title.
7th Tactical Squadron
7th Tactical Squadron (known as 7.ELT – 7 Eskadra Lotnictwa Taktycznego in Poland) is a fighter squadron of Polish Air Force established in December 1999 after the 7th Strike Reconnaissance Wing was disbanded. The squadron is stationed in 33rd Air Base and operates Su-22 attack aircraft.

Polish Air Force
The Polish Air Force (Polish: Siły Powietrzne, lit. 'Air Forces') is the aerial warfare branch of the Polish Armed Forces. Until July 2004 it was officially known as Wojska Lotnicze i Obrony Powietrznej (lit. 'Aerial and Air Defense Forces'). In 2014 it consisted of roughly 26,000 military personnel and about 475 aircraft, distributed among ten bases throughout Poland.

The Polish Air Force can trace its origins to the second half of 1917 and was officially established in the months following the end of World War I in 1918. During the invasion of Poland by Nazi Germany in 1939, 70% of its aircraft were destroyed. Most pilots, after the Soviet invasion of Poland on 17 September, escaped via Romania and Hungary to continue fighting throughout World War II in allied air forces, first in France, then in Britain, and later also the Soviet Union.
Caspase 7
Caspase-7, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase, also known as CASP7, is a human protein encoded by the CASP7 gene.
CASP7 orthologs have been identified in nearly all mammals for which complete genome data are available. Unique orthologs are also present in birds, lizards, lissamphibians, and teleosts.

Sequence homology
Sequence homology is the biological homology between DNA, RNA, or protein sequences, defined in terms of shared ancestry in the evolutionary history of life. Two segments of DNA can have shared ancestry because of three phenomena: either a speciation event (orthologs), or a duplication event (paralogs), or else a horizontal (or lateral) gene transfer event (xenologs).

Homology among DNA, RNA, or proteins is typically inferred from their nucleotide or amino acid sequence similarity. Significant similarity is strong evidence that two sequences are related by evolutionary changes from a common ancestral sequence. Alignments of multiple sequences are used to indicate which regions of each sequence are homologous.
Richard Hopkins (civil servant)
Sir Richard Valentine Nind Hopkins, GCB, PC (13 February 1880 – 30 March 1955) was a British civil servant. Born in 1880 to businessman Alfred Nind Hopkins and Eliza Mary Castle, Hopkins was educated at King Edward's School, Birmingham and Emmanuel College, Cambridge. First serving with the Board of Inland Revenue, 'Hoppy' was appointed chairman in 1922. In 1927 Hopkins was transferred to the Treasury, where he became the Permanent Secretary to the Treasury in 1942 and served in that position until 1945. He is credited with the (re)introduction of economist John Maynard Keynes in the Treasury during the Second World War, whose influence proved to be essential in many economic policy decisions (Middleton 2004).

Inland Revenue
The Inland Revenue was, until April 2005, a department of the British Government responsible for the collection of direct taxation, including income tax, national insurance contributions, capital gains tax, inheritance tax, corporation tax, petroleum revenue tax and stamp duty. More recently, the Inland Revenue also administered the Tax Credits schemes, whereby monies, such as Working Tax Credit (WTC) and Child Tax Credit (CTC), are paid by the government into a recipient's bank account or as part of their wages. The Inland Revenue was also responsible for the payment of child benefit (from 1999).

The Inland Revenue was merged with HM Customs and Excise to form HM Revenue and Customs which came into existence on 18 April 2005. The current name was promoted by the use of the expression "from Revenue and Customs" in a series of annual radio, and to a lesser extent, television public information broadcasts in the 2000s and 2010s.
2015 Abierto Tampico – Doubles
Petra Martić and Maria Sanchez were the defending champions, but Martić chose not to participate. Sanchez partnered Elise Mertens, but lost in the semifinals to Verónica Cepede Royg and Marina Melnikova.

María Irigoyen and Barbora Krejčíková won the title, defeating Cepede Royg and Melnikova in the final, 7–5, 6–2.

Maria Sanchez (tennis)
Maria Victoria Sanchez (born November 26, 1989) is a former tennis player from the United States. In July 2013, she reached her career-high singles ranking of world No. 107. On 22 April 2019, she peaked at No. 51 of the WTA doubles ranking. Sanchez has been primarily a doubles player. In doubles, she won three WTA titles, one WTA 125 title, and 24 ITF titles. She also won two ITF singles titles.
2016 Rugby Europe Women's Sevens Conference
The 2016 Rugby Europe Women's Sevens Conference was the third level of international women's rugby sevens competitions organised by Rugby Europe during 2016. It featured one tournament hosted in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The winners and runners up, Latvia and Malta respectively, were promoted to the 2017 Trophy series.

2017 Rugby Europe Women's Sevens Trophy
The 2017 Rugby Europe Women's Sevens Trophy was the second level of international women's rugby sevens competitions organised by Rugby Europe during 2017. The competition featured two tournaments, one hosted in Ostrava and one hosted in Esztergom. Scotland won both tournaments, defeating Germany in both cup finals. Scotland and Germany were promoted to the 2018 Grand Prix series while Malta and Moldova were relegated to the 2018 Conference.
Walter Topping
Walter William Buchanan Topping (1908–26 July 1978) was a unionist politician in Northern Ireland.

Topping studied at the Rossall School and Queen's University Belfast, before becoming a barrister in 1930.  During World War II, he served as a Lieutenant-Colonel in the Royal Artillery.  He was elected to the Parliament of Northern Ireland in 1945 as the Ulster Unionist Party member for Larne, serving as Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Finance - effectively the Chief Whip - from 1947 until 1956, then as the Minister of Home Affairs.  He resigned in 1959 to become the Recorder of Belfast, serving until 1978. In 1967, he became a member of the Privy Council of Northern Ireland.

Parliament of Northern Ireland
The Parliament of Northern Ireland was the home rule legislature of Northern Ireland, created under the Government of Ireland Act 1920, which sat from 7 June 1921 to 30 March 1972, when it was suspended because of its inability to restore order during the Troubles, resulting in the introduction of direct rule. It was abolished under the Northern Ireland Constitution Act 1973.

The Parliament of Northern Ireland was bicameral, consisting of a House of Commons with 52 seats, and an indirectly elected Senate with 26 seats. The Sovereign was represented by the governor (initially by the Lord Lieutenant), who granted royal assent to Acts of Parliament in Northern Ireland, but executive power rested with the prime minister, the leader of the largest party in the House of Commons.
Kul Tepe Jolfa
Kul Tepe Jolfa (Gargar Tepesi) (Kul Tapeh) is an ancient archaeological site in the Jolfa County of Iran, located in the city of Hadishahr, about 10 km south from the Araxes River.

It dates to Chalcolithic period (5000–4500 BC), and was discovered in 1968. Occupation continues into the late Bronze Age. Pottery sherds have also been recovered from the Bronze Age and Urartian periods.

Urartu
Urartu was an Iron Age kingdom centered around the Armenian highlands between Lake Van, Lake Urmia, and Lake Sevan. The territory of the ancient kingdom of Urartu extended over the modern frontiers of Turkey, Iran, Iraq, Armenia, the southern regions of Georgia, and western regions of Azerbaijan. Its kings left behind cuneiform inscriptions in the Urartian language, a member of the Hurro-Urartian language family.

The kingdom emerged in the mid-9th century BC and dominated the Armenian highlands in the 8th and 7th centuries BC. Urartu frequently warred with Assyria and became, for a time, the most powerful state in the Near East. Weakened by constant conflict, it was eventually conquered, either by the Iranian Medes in the early 6th century BC or by Cyrus the Great in the middle of the 6th century BC. Archaeologically, it is noted for its large fortresses and sophisticated metalwork.
Cross Keys, East Marton
The Cross Keys is a closed pub in East Marton, a village in North Yorkshire, in England.

The pub was probably built in the second half of the 18th century, on what is now the A59 road.  It was later extended to the right, and the extension has been further altered.  The pub was grade II listed in 1988.  It closed in January 2020, at which time it was owned by the Wellington Pub Company.  It remained empty in 2025, when its condition was described as having deterioriated.

The pub is built of stone with a stone slate roof. It has two storeys and four bays, and three bays added to the right. On the front is a gabled porch, and the windows are sashes, three on the upper floor with mullions.

Mullion
A mullion is the vertical element that forms a division between units of a window or screen, or is used decoratively. When dividing adjacent window units its primary purpose is a rigid support to the glazing of the window. Its secondary purpose is to provide structural support to  the horizontal lintel above the window opening (Horizontal elements separating the head of a door from a window above are called transoms). In the case of multiple arched windows combined building a bifora (or trifora, etc), the equally shaped windows might be coupled by mullions (instead of a column with base and capital), framed by a blind arch or the mullions dissolving in Gothic tracery.
Gull (record label)
Gull was a British record label founded in 1974. Owned by Gull Entertainments Ltd., it was associated with Morgan Sound Studio and was distributed by both Pye Records and Decca Records. It was also distributed by Motown in the US.

Its recording artists included Judas Priest, Arthur Brown, Steve Ashley, IF, Isotope, Nick Simper's Fandango, and Seventh Wave.

The label was disestablished in 1984.

In December 2025, it was announced that the catalogue of Gull had been acquired by Cherry Red Records. The deal included both master and publishing rights to the label’s releases, which date primarily from the 1970s and include early recordings by Judas Priest and other British rock and pop artists.

Nick Simper
Nicholas John Simper (born 3 November 1945) is an English bass guitarist, who was a co-founding member of Deep Purple and Warhorse. In the 1960s, he began his professional career in bands such as Johnny Kidd & the Pirates, The Flower Pot Men, and Lord Sutch's Savages.
John Gilligan (footballer, born 1884)
John Ross Gilligan (1884–1946) was a Scottish footballer who played as a defender, almost solely for Clyde.

In his first season with the club (having quickly moved on from his first professional appointment on the other side of Glasgow at Partick Thistle), he won the 1904–05 Scottish Division Two title. The team was relegated, but gained promotion again in 1906 and  retained their place in the top tier for the rest of his time there, including two third-place finishes which equal their all-time highest placings. He also played in the 1912 Scottish Cup Final which Clyde lost to Celtic.

The sole representative honour Gilligan received was a selection for the Glasgow Football Association's annual challenge match against Sheffield in 1909. In 1911 he was granted a benefit match against his hometown club Dundee.

He was the youngest of four brothers who were professional footballers, the others being Sandy, Billy and Sam.

1905–06 Scottish Division Two
The 1905–06 Scottish Division Two was won by Leith Athletic with East Stirlingshire finishing bottom.

Due to expansion next season there are eighteen teams in Division One and twelve teams in Division Two. This meant Clyde and Hamilton Academical were promoted to the  Scottish First Division.
Hugh Hayes
Hugh Hayes (died 5 September 1928) was a unionist politician in Ireland.

Hayes lived in Lurgan.  A Presbyterian, he qualified as a solicitor in 1882.  He was active in the Irish Unionist Party, and by 1907 was the honorary secretary of the West Down Unionist Registration Association.  He was the election agent for William MacCaw at the 1907 West Down by-election, although MacCaw withdrew in favour of Lord Arthur Hill.

Hayes was elected to the British House of Commons, without facing an opponent, for the Ulster Unionist Party, at the 1922 West Down by-election.  He is not recorded as having spoken in the House of Commons His constituency was abolished at the November general election, and Hayes did not stand for Parliament again.

Election agent
An election agent is the person legally responsible for the conduct of a candidate's political campaign and to whom election material is sent by those running the election. The term is most used in  elections in the United Kingdom, as well as some other similar political systems such as elections in India.
Multicultural BRIDGE
Multicultural BRIDGE (Berkshire Resources for the Integration of Diverse Groups and Education, or BRIDGE Inc.) is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization based in Lee, Massachusetts. Co-founded by Gwendolyn Hampton VanSant and Marthe Bourdon, BRIDGE serves diverse groups in Berkshire County, Massachusetts, Boston, and other regions in Massachusetts, Vermont, and New York City. Services include workforce cultural literacy and cultural competency training, youth leadership and multicultural education, community-based civil rights and social justice forums and conferences, and multicultural advocacy. In 2015, BRIDGE received the Berkshire Trendsetter Award for Nonprofit Impact from 1Berkshire. BRIDGE is a minority and women-run nonprofit and is certified by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts as a Massachusetts Supplier Diversity Program Provider.

Cultural competency training
Cultural competency training is an instruction to achieve cultural competence and the ability to appreciate and interpret accurately other cultures. In an increasingly globalised world, training in cultural sensitivity to others' cultural identities (which may include race, sexuality, religion and other factors) and how to achieve cultural competence is being practised in the workplace, particularly in healthcare, schools and in other settings.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro (originally OpenfMRI) is an open-science neuroinformatics database storing datasets from human brain imaging research studies.

The database is available online. OpenNeuro accepts datasets formatted from brain imaging research according to a community-developed standard, and uploaded datasets are made available with minimal restrictions to the public at large. The Research Resource Identifier for OpenNeuro is SCR_005031.  Datasets that cannot be shared openly are not currently supported.

The research group that runs OpenNeuro described the system in a Frontiers in Neuroinformatics article in 2013 and a NeuroImage article in 2015.

As of 2025, the National Institutes of Health has awarded OpenNeuro over 8 million dollars in research funding, and researchers have mentioned OpenNeuro in over 200 articles in open access literature.

NeuroImage
NeuroImage is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research on neuroimaging, including functional neuroimaging and functional human brain mapping. The most recent editor-in-chief was Stephen Smith. The journal drew attention in 2023 when all editors resigned after a dispute with the publisher, Elsevier, over publication fees.

Abstracts from the annual meeting of the Organization for Human Brain Mapping have been published as supplements to the journal. In 2012, Elsevier launched an open access sister journal to NeuroImage, entitled NeuroImage: Clinical.
Rocky Took a Lover
"Rocky Took a Lover" is a single by the Irish pop rock quintet, Bell X1, and the third to be taken from the band's third album Flock. It was released on 28 August 2006. It entered the Irish Singles Chart on 31 August 2006, spending four weeks there and peaking at number 18. The single included a cover of the Depeche Mode song "Enjoy the Silence".

Many Irish radio stations, including Today FM, had been playing the track since before the release of the previous single "Flame" (as early as December 2005) and the song was used extensively to promote the band's third album. In early 2008, the song featured on a Dublin Bus television advertising campaign.

A special website—www.rockytookalover.com—was created by the band for the release of the song, featuring blogs written by the characters of Rocky and Adrianna. The BBC described it and previous single "Flame" as "two of the finest pieces of music written on this island".

Dublin Bus
Dublin Bus (Irish: Bus Átha Cliath) is an Irish state-owned bus operator providing services in Dublin. By far the largest bus operator in the city, it carried 145 million passengers in 2023. It is a subsidiary of Córas Iompair Éireann.
Jack Barbalet
Jack Barbalet is an Australian sociologist. Since 2017 he has been professor of sociology at the Australian Catholic University. He was previously Chair Professor and Head of the Department of Sociology at Hong Kong Baptist University. He has held appointments at the University of Papua New Guinea, the University of Adelaide, and the Australian National University. He was professor of sociology at the University of Leicester, where he was head of department, and subsequently professorial fellow in the Centre for Citizenship and Public Policy at the University of Western Sydney.

Western Sydney University
Western Sydney University, formerly the University of Western Sydney, is an Australian multi-campus public research university in the Greater Western region of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

The university in its current form was founded in 1989 as a federated network university with an amalgamation between the Nepean College of Advanced Education and the Hawkesbury Agricultural College. The Macarthur Institute of Higher Education was incorporated in the university in 1989. In 2001, the University of Western Sydney was restructured as a single multi-campus university rather than as a federation. In 2015, the university underwent a rebranding which resulted in a change in name from the University of Western Sydney to Western Sydney University. It is a provider of undergraduate, postgraduate, and higher research degrees with campuses in Bankstown, Blacktown, Campbelltown, Hawkesbury, Liverpool, Parramatta, Penrith, and Surabaya.
Predgriže
Predgriže (pronounced [pɾɛdˈɡɾiːʒɛ]; German: Predgrische) is a settlement northeast of Črni Vrh in the Municipality of Idrija in the traditional Inner Carniola region of Slovenia. The village includes the hamlets of Gornje Griže (German: Oberpredgrische), Klavžar, Nagode, Na Vrhu, Smrekar, Spodnje Griže (German: Unterpredgrische), and Žgavec.

Inner Carniola
45°43′00″N 14°25′00″E﻿ / ﻿45.71667°N 14.41667°E﻿ / 45.71667; 14.41667

Littoral

Carniola: 2a Upper, 2b Inner, 2c Lower

Carinthia

Styria

Prekmurje

Inner Carniola (Slovene: Notranjska pronounced [ˈnòːtɾanska]; German: Innerkrain) is a traditional region of Slovenia, the southwestern part of the larger Carniola region. It comprises the Hrušica karst plateau up to Postojna Gate, bordering the Slovenian Littoral (the Gorizia region) in the west. Its administrative and economic center of the region is Postojna, and other minor centers include Vrhnika, Logatec, Cerknica, Pivka, and Ilirska Bistrica.