hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
False billing
False billing, also known as fraudulent billing or billing fraud, is a fraudulent act of invoicing or otherwise requesting funds from an individual or firm without showing obligation to pay. This could be fraudulent billing for part of the work done (over-billing with the intent to defraud), or that no work was done at all.

Such notices are, for example, sent to owners of domain names, goods and/ or services not provided, or purporting to be legitimate renewal notices, although not originating from the owner's own registrar. Other examples are overbilling and fraudulently adding fake fees and taxes (see below).

Domain name registrar
A domain name registrar is a company, person, or office that manages the reservation of Internet domain names.

A domain name registrar must be accredited by a generic top-level domain (gTLD) registry or a country code top-level domain (ccTLD) registry. A registrar operates in accordance with the guidelines of the designated domain name registries. As of March 2024, there are 2,800 domain name registrars accredited by ICANN.
Leo Dorfman
Leo Dorfman (February 17, 1914 – July 9, 1974) (also credited as Geoff Brown and David George) was an American writer of comic books throughout the Silver Age. Although the majority of his work was for DC Comics, he also wrote for Dell Comics and Gold Key Comics.

The Unexpected (1968 comic book)
The Unexpected is a  fantasy-horror comics anthology series, a continuation of Tales of the Unexpected, published by DC Comics. The Unexpected ran 118 issues, from #105 (February–March 1968) to #222 (May 1982). As a result of the so-called DC Implosion of late 1978, beginning in 1979 The Unexpected absorbed the other DC horror titles House of Secrets, The Witching Hour, and Doorway to Nightmare into its pages. Horror hosts featured in The Unexpected included The Mad Mod Witch, Judge Gallows, Abel, and the Witches Three.

This title is not to be confused with The Unexpected published by DC Comics in 2018.
Joseph Ehrismann
Joseph Ehrismann (1880–1937) was a painter and master stained glass maker from Alsace. He was born as a German citizen in Alsace-Lorraine, and died as a French citizen in Bas-Rhin, without having substantially left his home region.

The son of a Catholic baker from the small town of Mutzig, he studied from 1906 to 1912 in Strasbourg with Auguste Cammissar, and in Munich with Martin von Feuerstein (who hailed from the small town of Barr, very close to Mutzig). Having obtained the title of Meisterschüler, Ehrismann then established his own workshop, providing stained-glass windows for a number of churches and public institutions across Alsace, but also some murals.

Many of Ehrismann's creations have been destroyed during World War II, or due to fires having gutted the churches, but a number of them can still be seen in situ in Strasbourg, Mulhouse, Colmar, Schiltigheim, Bischheim, Molsheim, Meistratzheim, Lampertsloch, Betschdorf, and Weitbruch.

Mutzig
Mutzig (French pronunciation: [mytsik] or [mutsik]; German: Mützig) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est, in north-eastern France. The commune of Mutzig is located at the entrance of the Bruche river valley, on the Route des Vins d'Alsace.
Jim Ellis (computing)
James Tice Ellis (May 6, 1956 – June 28, 2001) was an American computer scientist best known as the co-creator of Usenet, along with Tom Truscott.

Ellis was born in Nashville, Tennessee to Henry Ellis (an auditor and teacher) and Elsa Ellis. James Ellis grew up in Orlando, Florida. Before developing Usenet, Ellis attended Duke University. After graduating, Ellis worked for the Microelectronics Center of North Carolina in Research Triangle Park, N.C. He later worked as an Internet security consultant for Sun Microsystems. He was also Manager of Technical Development at CERT. He invented the word Usenet.

Ellis and Truscott were awarded the 1995 USENIX Lifetime Achievement Award.

CERT Coordination Center
The CERT Coordination Center (CERT/CC) is the coordination center of the computer emergency response team (CERT) for the Software Engineering Institute (SEI), a non-profit United States federally funded research and development center. The CERT/CC researches software bugs that impact software and internet security, publishes research and information on its findings, and works with businesses and the government to improve the security of software and the internet as a whole.
Arab Medical Center
Arab Medical Center (AMC) is a community hospital located in Amman, Jordan. Initially established in 1994, as a center for cardiac excellence and specialty surgery, the AMC now caters for the majority of medical and surgical services both for adults and pediatric patients.
In November 2019, the hospital celebrated its Silver Jubilee (25 years of operations), with a massive marketing campaign that involved room renovations, introduction of the new Cath. Lab, and the introduction of two new digital systems for patients complaints and patients satisfaction survey, among other activities.

Community hospital
A community hospital can be purely a nominal designation or have a more specific meaning. When specific, it refers to a hospital that is accessible to the general public and provides a general or specific medical care which is usually short-term, in a cost-effective setting, and also focuses on preventing illnesses as opposed to only treating them. The word community often occurs in the name of the hospital. The word community is used in the sense of a location-based community for a community hospital.  The following sections describe community hospitals when referred to in specific countries.
Spider Lilies (film)
Spider Lilies (Chinese: 刺青; pinyin: Cìqīng; lit. 'Tattoo') is a 2007 Taiwanese drama film. It is the second feature-length film by director Zero Chou, and stars Rainie Yang and Isabella Leong in the lead roles. Spider Lilies was screened at the 2007 Berlin International Film Festival, where it won the Teddy Award for Best LGBT-related Feature Film. It was released in the United States by Wolfe Video on 6 May 2008.

The theme song "Xiao Mo Li" ("小茉莉"), performed by Rainie Yang, received a Golden Horse Award nomination for Best Original Film Song at the 44th Golden Horse Awards.

Wolfe Video
Wolfe Video is the longest running and largest exclusive distributor of LGBTQ+ films in the world.

Founded in 1985 in New Almaden, California by Kathy Wolfe, the company began as a consumer mail order distribution company for gay and lesbian VHS videos and has evolved over 40 years to become an all-rights distributor of LGBTQ+ films. Wolfe Video releases LGBTQ+ films on streaming, DVD as well as film festivals, international and broadcast sales for the library of more than 125 feature films and documentaries.

Notable Wolfe Video releases over the years include the film Big Eden, Sordid Lives, Loving Annabelle, Hurricane Bianca and Elena Undone.

In 2015, Wolfe Video donated its complete DVD library of lesbian movies to the June L. Mazer Lesbian Archives.

In 2025, Wolfe Video celebrated its 40th anniversary with a streaming release strategy. Wolfe Video now offers global Membership subscriptions to its streaming catalog on the @WatchWolfeVideo YouTube channel.
2005 FIBA Asia Championship
The 2005 FIBA Asia Championship was the men's basketball qualifying tournament for FIBA Asia at the 2006 FIBA World Championship in Japan.

In order to qualify for the tournament, teams would have to go through regional qualifier competitions. At the main tournament, three nations qualified for the world championships including China, Lebanon and the host country, Qatar. China defeated Lebanon in the championship game, 77–61; and Qatar defeated Korea, 89–77.

China men's national basketball team
The China men's national basketball team (nickname Team Dragon) represents the People's Republic of China in international basketball tournaments. The national team is governed by the Chinese Basketball Association (CBA). Based on the number of tournament titles, China is considered a major basketball powerhouse in Asia and has by far the most successful basketball program on the continent.
Valdis Krebs
Valdis Krebs is an American-Latvian researcher, author, and consultant in the field of social and
organizational network analysis. He is the founder and chief scientist of OrgNet, LLC, and the creator of InFlow software, which in 2008 Wired Magazine called one of the most advanced tools 
for analyzing and visualizing networks.  Military.com's DefenseTech blog has called him a leading authority in the field.

Graph drawing
Graph drawing is an area of mathematics and computer science combining methods from geometric graph theory and information visualization to derive two-dimensional (or, sometimes, three-dimensional) depictions of graphs arising from applications such as social network analysis, cartography, linguistics, and bioinformatics.

A drawing of a graph or network diagram is a pictorial representation of the vertices and edges of a graph. This drawing should not be confused with the graph itself: very different layouts can correspond to the same graph.  In the abstract, all that matters is which pairs of vertices are connected by edges.  In the concrete, however, the arrangement of these vertices and edges within a drawing affects its understandability, usability, fabrication cost, and aesthetics. The problem gets worse if the graph changes over time by adding and deleting edges (dynamic graph drawing) and the goal is to preserve the user's mental map.
Victor Goodwin
Victor Goodwin (26 October 1906 – 22 September 1957) was an Australian cricketer who was a batsman and noted for his skill as a fielder. He played in nine first-class matches for Queensland between 1929 and 1931.

Queensland cricket team
The Queensland men's cricket team (also known as the Queensland Bulls) are an Australian men's professional cricket team based in Queensland. The team competes in Sheffield Shield, the highest level of Australia domestic first class cricket, since the 1926–27 season, as well as the One-Day Cup, the highest level of Australian domestic one-day, since its inception in 1969–70. They also competed in the now defunct KFC Twenty20 Big Bash.
Disturbing Behavior
Disturbing Behavior is a 1998 teen science fiction psychological horror film starring James Marsden, Katie Holmes, and Nick Stahl. The film was directed by David Nutter, who was a director and producer on The X-Files, and the screenplay was written by Scott Rosenberg. The plot follows a group of high school outcasts who discover their seemingly perfect "Blue Ribbon" classmates are part of an elaborate mind control experiment.

The film, which contains nods to the 1975 film The Stepford Wives, was released in the United States on July 24, 1998, and received negative reviews. The film went through numerous studio-mandated cuts from MGM prior to theatrical release in response to negative test screenings. There has been considerable fan support for the release of a director's cut version that restores deleted scenes.

Teen film
Teen film is a film genre targeted at teenagers, preteens and/or young adults by the plot being based on their special interests, such as coming of age, attempting to fit in, bullying, peer pressure, first love, teen rebellion, conflict with parents, and teen angst or alienation. Often these normally serious subject matters are presented in a glossy, stereotyped or trivialized way. Many teenage characters are portrayed by young adult actors in their 20s. Some teen films appeal to young males, while others appeal to young females.

Films in this genre are often set in high schools and colleges, or contain characters who are of high school or college age.
Memoria Apostolorum
Memoria Apostolorum, which means (in) memory of the apostles, is one of the lost texts from the New Testament apocrypha.

A reference to the Memoria Apostolorum appears in a letter, dated about 440, from Turibius of Astorga to Hydatius and Ceponius.

Given the name, it may be one of the texts which are already known, and for which we have some of the content, such as the Gospel of the Twelve, or one of the apocryphal Acts, or Apocalypses.

Hydatius
Hydatius, also spelled Idacius (c. 400 – c. 469) was a late Western Roman writer and clergyman. The bishop of Aquae Flaviae in the Roman province of Gallaecia (almost certainly the modern Chaves, Portugal, in the modern district of Vila Real), he was the author of a chronicle of his own times that provides us with our best evidence for the history of Hispania in the 5th century.
Grotta-Pelos culture
The Grotta-Pelos culture (Greek: Γρόττα-Πηλός) refers to a "cultural" dating system used for part of the early Bronze Age in Greece. Specifically, it is the period that marks the beginning of the so-called Cycladic culture and spans the Neolithic period in the late 4th millennium BC (ca. 3300 BC), continuing in the Bronze Age to about 2700 BC.
The term was coined by Colin Renfrew, who named it after the sites of Grotta and Pelos on the Cycladic islands of Naxos and Milos, respectively. Other archaeologists prefer a "chronological" dating system and refer to this period as the Early Cycladic I (ECI).

Naxos
Naxos (/ˈnæksɒs, -soʊs/; Greek: Νάξος, pronounced [ˈnaksos]) is a Greek island belonging to the Cyclades island group. It is the largest island in the group. The largest town and capital of the island is Chora or Naxos City, with 8,897 inhabitants out of the total 20,578 in the island (2021 census). The main villages are Filoti, Apiranthos, Vivlos, Agios Arsenios, Koronos and Glynado. It was an important centre during the Bronze Age Cycladic Culture and in the Ancient Greek Archaic Period. The island is famous as a source of emery, a rock rich in corundum, which until modern times was one of the best abrasives available.
Charles O'Connor (judge)
Charles Andrew O'Connor, PC, PC(I), SL, KC (31 December 1854 – 18 October 1928) was an Irish judge who served as a Judge of the Supreme Court from 1924 to 1925. His judgment in a habeas corpus case of R. (Egan) v. Macready is still influential.

Privy council
A privy council is a body that advises a head of state, typically, but not always, in the context of a monarchical government. The term "privy" (from French privé) signifies private or secret. Consequently, a privy council, more common in the past, existed as a group of a ruling monarch's most trusted court advisors. Its purpose was to consistently provide confidential advice on matters of state. Despite the abolition of monarchy, some privy councils remained operational, while others were individually disbanded, allowing the monarchical system to continue to exist without a secret crown council.
1968 United States presidential election in North Dakota
The 1968 United States presidential election in North Dakota took place on November 5, 1968, as part of the 1968 United States presidential election. Voters chose four representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for President and Vice President.

North Dakota was won by former Vice President Richard Nixon (Republican Party, New York), with 55.94% of the popular vote, against Vice President Hubert Humphrey (Democratic Party, Minnesota), with 38.23% of the popular vote, a 17.71% margin of victory. Independent candidate George Wallace received 5.75% of the popular vote. North Dakota was Nixon's fourth strongest state after Nebraska, Idaho and Utah.

This is the last election in which North Dakota had four electoral college votes; it lost its 2nd district due to reapportionment based on the 1970 census.

1970 United States census
The 1970 United States census, conducted by the Census Bureau, determined the resident population of the United States to be 203,392,031, an increase of 13.4 percent over the 179,323,175 persons enumerated during the 1960 census.

This was the first census since 1820 in which New York was not the most populous state—California overtook it in population in January 1963. This was also the first census in which all states recorded a population of over 300,000, and the first in which a city in the geographic South—Houston—recorded a population of over 1 million.

Accurate racial census data was required by both the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965, and the 1970 Census changed to identify race on the basis of self-identification rather than by government census enumerators. Virtually all of the key items from the 1960 census were retained.
Sarmad Sindhi
Abdul Rehman Mughul, popularly known as Sarmad Sindhi (7 July 1961 – 27 December 1996), was a Sindhi folk singer and songwriter in Pakistan. He used Sindhi language and is considered one of the great singers of the golden era of Sindhi literature and music. 
He sang all kinds of folk songs including his very popular song "Tuhiji yaad Ji wari aa weer",  and another popular song still listened to all over Sindh "Piyar Manjharan Pengho Loday Loli Diyan", which became an anthem of his generation.

Sindhi literature
Sindhi literature (Sindhi: سنڌي ادب) is the collection of oral and written literature in the Sindhi language in prose (romantic tales and epic stories) and poetry (ghazals and nazm). The Sindhi language of the province of Sindh in Pakistan is considered one of the oldest languages of ancient India, and influenced the language of Indus Valley inhabitants. Sindhi literature has developed over a thousand years.

According to historians Nabi Bux Baloch, Rasool Bux Palijo, and G. M. Syed, Sindhi influenced Hindi in the pre-Islamic era. After the advent of Islam in the eighth century, Arabic and Persian influenced the region's inhabitants and were official languages. Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai, Shah Abdul Karim Bulri, Shaikh Ayaz and Ustad Bukhari are notable Sindhi poets.
Dębicki
Dębicki (Polish: [dɛmˈbitski]; feminine: Dębicka, plural Dębiccy) or Debicki is a Polish-language surname derived from place names such as Dębica and Dębica County. Notable people with the surname include:

Edward Dębicki (born 1935), Polish-Ukrainian Romani poet and musician

Elizabeth Debicki (born 1990), Australian actress

Stanisław Dębicki (1866–1924), Polish painter

Tadeusz Dębicki (born 1945), Polish politician

Dębica County
Dębica County (Polish: powiat dębicki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Subcarpathian Voivodeship, south-eastern Poland. It was created on 1 January 1999 as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Dębica, which lies 43 kilometres (27 mi) west of the regional capital Rzeszów. The only other towns in the county are Pilzno, lying 12 km (7 mi) south-west of Dębica, and Brzostek, 19 km (12 mi) south of Dębica.

The county covers an area of 776.36 square kilometres (299.8 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 135,348, out of which the population of Dębica is 45,634, that of Pilzno is 4,912, that of Brzostek is 2,752, and the rural population is 82,050.
Sorata
Sorata (Aymara: Surat'a) is a small town in the La Paz Department in the Bolivian Andes, northwest of the city of La Paz and east of Lake Titicaca. It is the seat of the Larecaja Province and the Sorata Municipality. At the time of census 2001 it had a population of 2,217. It is a somewhat popular weekend getaway and a relaxing base camp for a growing number of hikers.  It includes several small hotels, including a converted Italian mansion.

Lake Titicaca
Lake Titicaca (/tɪtɪˈkɑːkə/; Spanish: Lago Titicaca [ˈlaɣo titiˈkaka]; Quechua: Titiqaqa and Aymara: Titiqaqa) is a large lake in the Andes mountains on the border of Bolivia and Peru. It is often called the highest navigable lake in the world. It is often listed as a freshwater lake, though its waters are slightly brackish.  Titicaca is the largest lake in South America, both in terms of the volume of water and surface area. It is the 18th largest lake in the world.  It has a surface elevation of 3,812 m (12,507 ft).
Jean Tigana
Amadou Jean Tigana (born 23 June 1955) is a French former football player and manager. A central midfielder, he was renowned as one of the best midfielders in the world during the 1980s. He spent his entire playing career in France, and made 52 appearances and scored one goal for the France national team. Following his playing career, he became a manager, coaching clubs in France, England, Turkey and China.

Turkish Cup
The Turkish Cup (Turkish: Türkiye Kupası) is an annual football cup competition in Turkey, organised by the Turkish Football Federation since 1962. During a period of sponsorship by Fortis, the competition was temporarily known as the Fortis Turkish Cup (Turkish: Fortis Türkiye Kupası). It is currently sponsored by the state-owned bank Ziraat Bankası and officially called the Ziraat Turkish Cup (Turkish: Ziraat Türkiye Kupası).

The tournament has been held under various formats, including a traditional knockout competition and group stages on an experimental basis. An expanded format was introduced for the 2012–13 season, with a record 156 teams participating. The structure included a round-robin group stage following five knockout rounds, with group winners and runners-up advancing to the semi-finals and final. The current holders of the cup are Galatasaray S.K..
CS Sporting Roșiori
Clubul Sportiv Sporting Roșiori, commonly known as Sporting Roșiori, was a Romanian professional football club based in Roșiorii de Vede, Teleorman County. Sporting Roșiori was founded initially in 1929 and existed until 1972, when it was absorbed by CFR Roșiori, later renamed ROVA Roșiori, which was dissolved in 2008, after which the Sporting Roșiori name was revived, without direct continuity with the original entities.

2013–14 Liga IV
The 2013–14 Liga IV was the 72nd season of the Liga IV, the fourth tier of the Romanian football league system. The champions of each county association play against one from a neighboring county in a play-off match played on a neutral venue. The winners of the play-off matches promoted to Liga III.
Corazón Encadenado
"Corazón Encandenado" ("Chained Heart") is a song by American singer by Lani Hall from her 1984 self-titled album. It features Spanish singer-songwriter Camilo Sesto, who also composed the track along with Sergio Fachelli. The song speaks about a trust issue between two lovers. The song was covered by Sergio Vargas and Gisselle as a merengue song on their collaboration album Juntos (1998). The duo's version peaked at number four on the Billboard Hot Latin Songs chart and reached number one on the Billboard Tropical Airplay chart. The song was also covered by Graciela Beltrán and Conjunto Primavera on Beltrán's album Mi Otro Sentimiento (2004). Their version peaked at number 32 at the Billboard Regional Mexican Airplay chart and was nominated "Hot Latin Track Of The Year, Vocal Duet" at the 2005 Latin Billboard Music Awards.

Sergio Fachelli
Sergio Fachelli (born March 28, 1952, in Montevideo, Uruguay) is an Uruguayan singer and songwriter, who had a successful career in the mid-1980s. After a 16-year hiatus, he returned to performing in 2018.