hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kosti, Sudan
Kosti (also Kusti, Arabic: كوستي) is one of the major cities in Sudan that lies south of Khartoum, the capital of Sudan, and stands on the western bank of the White Nile river opposite Rabak, the capital of the White Nile state and is connected to it by a bridge. The city is served by Kosti Railway Station and Rabak Airport. The population of Kosti as of 2012 was estimated at 345,068 people.

White Nile
The White Nile (Arabic: النيل الأبيض an-nīl al-'abyaḍ) is a river in North and East Africa, the minor of the two main tributaries of the Nile, the larger being the Blue Nile. The name "White" comes from the clay sediment carried in the water that changes the water to a pale color.

In the strict meaning, "White Nile" refers to the river formed at Lake No, at the confluence of the Bahr al Jabal and Bahr el Ghazal Rivers. In the wider sense, "White Nile" refers to all the stretches of river draining from Lake Victoria through to the merger with the Blue Nile: the "Victoria Nile" from Lake Victoria via Lake Kyoga to Lake Albert, then the "Albert Nile" to the South Sudan border, and then the "Mountain Nile" or "Bahr-al-Jabal" down to Lake No. "White Nile" may sometimes include the headwaters of Lake Victoria, the most remote of which being 3,700 km (2,300 mi) from the Blue Nile.
Streptozotocin
Streptozotocin or streptozocin (INN, USP) (STZ) is a naturally occurring alkylating antineoplastic agent that is particularly toxic to the insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas in mammals. It is used in medicine for treating certain cancers of the islets of Langerhans and used in medical research to produce an animal model for hyperglycemia and Alzheimer's in a large dose, as well as type 2 diabetes or type 1 diabetes with multiple low doses.

Hyperglycemia
Hyperglycemia is an unusually high amount of glucose in the blood. It is defined as blood glucose level exceeding 6.9 mmol/L (125 mg/dL) after fasting for 8 hours or 10 mmol/L (180 mg/dL) 2 hours after eating.
1901 Utah Agricultural Aggies football team
The 1901 Utah Agricultural Aggies football team was an American football team that represented Utah Agricultural College (later renamed Utah State University) during the 1901 college football season. In their first and only season under head coach Dick Richards, the Aggies compiled a 3–2 record and outscored opponents by a total of 41 to 40.

1901 college football season
The 1901 college football season had no clear-cut champion, with NCAA-designated "major selectors" retroactively selecting Michigan and Harvard as national champions. The NCAA records book erroneously lists Yale as Parke H. Davis's selection. Harvard beat Yale 22–0 the last game of the year.
Herman Schiller
Herman Schiller is an Argentine journalist. He was the editor-in-chief of Nueva Presencia, an Argentine Jewish newspaper,: 356  from its founding in 1977 until 1987. He also co-founded the Movimiento Judío por los Derechos Humanos with rabbi Marshall Meyer in August 1983, and was later involved in the creation of Memoria Activa.: 271  He hosted a radio program called Memoria y realidad ("Memory and reality") on FM Jai until it was cut in 1999.: 271

Schiller has also been politically active in left-wing groups, and ran twice for deputy mayor of Buenos Aires, in 2000 and 2003, both times in the United Left ticket.

United Left (Argentina)
The United Left (Spanish: Izquierda Unida) was a political alliance in Argentina. It was an alliance of several groups, chiefly the Communist Party of Argentina and the Socialist Workers' Movement.

In the 2003 presidential elections, the party's candidate was former deputy Patricia Walsh, coming in seventh with 1.8 percent of the vote.
Manhattan Day School
Manhattan Day School, often referred to as MDS, is a co-educational Modern Orthodox Jewish yeshiva elementary school located on the Upper West Side of Manhattan.  It was founded in 1943 as Yeshivat Ohr Torah Community School,  the first Jewish all-day independent school on the West Side of Manhattan.  The rabbis and congregants of Congregation Ohab Zedek and The Jewish Center helped Dr. Joseph Kaminetsky to found the school, who served as its first Executive Director before being recruited by Rabbi Shraga Feivel Mendlowitz to work at Torah Umesorah. Shlomo Riskin served as dean of the school at a later time.

Manhattan Day School consists of an Early Childhood (Two year olds - Kindergarten), Lower School (1st - 5th grade) and Middle School (6th  - 8th grade).  Ms. Raizi Chechik became Head of School in 2017. The school is a not-for-profit organization.

Modern Orthodox Judaism
Modern Orthodox Judaism (also Modern Orthodox or Modern Orthodoxy) is a movement within Orthodox Judaism that attempts to synthesize Jewish values and the observance of Jewish law with the modern world.

Modern Orthodoxy draws on several teachings and philosophies, and thus assumes various forms. In the United States, and generally in the Western world, Centrist Orthodoxy underpinned by the philosophy of Torah Umadda ("Torah and secular knowledge") is prevalent. In Israel, Modern Orthodoxy is dominated by Religious Zionism; however, although not identical, these movements share many of the same values and many of the same adherents.
2023 Open Nouvelle-Calédonie – Doubles
Andrea Pellegrino and Mario Vilella Martínez were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Colin Sinclair and Rubin Statham won the title after defeating Toshihide Matsui and Kaito Uesugi 6–4, 6–3 in the final.

Rubin Statham
Rubin Statham (born 25 April 1987) is a former professional tennis player from New Zealand. He reached an ATP career-high ranking of world No. 279 in singles on 25 February 2013, and No. 139 in doubles on 17 June 2013.
Picture Canyon (Colorado)
Picture Canyon, located in the Comanche National Grassland in southeastern Colorado, was named for its prehistoric rock art. There is evidence of prehistoric inhabitation of sites in Picture Canyon by Paleo-Indian, Archaic and Post-Archaic cultures, from about 12,000 years ago to 400 years ago. In addition to rock art, there are also carvings in walls that are used to identify the entry into fall and spring equinoxes.

Metate
A metate (or mealing stone) is a type or variety of quern, a ground stone tool used for processing grain and seeds. In traditional Mesoamerican cultures, metates are typically used by women who would grind nixtamalized maize and other organic materials during food preparation (e.g., making tortillas). Similar artifacts have been found in other regions, such as the sil-batta in Bihar and Jharkhand, India as well as other grinding stones in China.
Ketamine-assisted psychotherapy
Ketamine-assisted psychotherapy is the use of prescribed doses of ketamine, an analgesic anesthetic with dissociative properties, in combination with psychotherapy for treatment of various psychiatric conditions. Ketamine-assisted psychotherapy shows potential in treating mental disorders including major depressive disorder, anxiety, obsessive–compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorders, substance use disorder, and neuropathic pain. Despite initial usage as a rapid-acting antidepressant, its psychedelic effects have sparked interest in its potential for treatment of mental illnesses beyond depressive symptoms. Ketamine appears to offer promising results as an effective modality of treatment for a variety of mental conditions and was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the United States for usage in treatment-resistant depression, but does display areas in need of further research across different domains of mental illness.

Neuropathic pain
Neuropathic pain is pain caused by a lesion or disease of the somatosensory nervous system. Neuropathic pain may be associated with abnormal sensations called dysesthesia or pain from normally non-painful stimuli (allodynia). It may have continuous and/or episodic (paroxysmal) components. The latter resemble stabbings or electric shocks. Common qualities include burning or coldness, "pins and needles" sensations, numbness and itching.

Up to 7–8% of the European population is affected by neuropathic pain, and in 5% of persons it may be severe. The pain may result from disorders of the peripheral nervous system or the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord). Neuropathic pain may occur in isolation or in combination with other forms of pain. Medical treatments focus on identifying the underlying cause and relieving pain. In cases of peripheral neuropathy, the pain may progress to insensitivity.
William Graham (Glasgow MP)
William Graham (1817 – 16 July 1885), Liberal MP for Glasgow, was a Scottish politician, wine merchant, cotton manufacturer and port shipper. He is remembered as a patron of Pre-Raphaelite artists like Edward Burne-Jones and Dante Gabriel Rossetti and a collector of their works.

Glasgow (UK Parliament constituency)
Glasgow was a burgh constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1832 to 1885. It returned two Member of Parliament (MPs) until 1868, and then three from 1868 to 1885. Elections were held using the bloc vote system.
Nishan Singh
Nishan Singh (born 3 September 1987) is an Indian first-class cricketer who plays for Services. He made his Twenty20 debut for Services in the 2016–17 Inter State Twenty-20 Tournament on 29 January 2017.

Services cricket team
The Services cricket team plays in the Ranji Trophy, the main domestic first-class cricket competition in India. Under the auspices of the Services Sports Control Board, they represent the Indian Armed Forces. Their home ground is the Palam A Stadium, Palam Air Force Base, New Delhi.
Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon (2003 TV series)
Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon (美少女戦士セーラームーン, Bishōjo Senshi Sērā Mūn) is a Japanese tokusatsu superhero television series based on the Sailor Moon manga created by Naoko Takeuchi. It was produced by Toei Company.

Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon (commonly referred to as PGSM) was first broadcast by Chubu-Nippon Broadcasting, airing on that station in Nagoya and on the Japan News Network nationwide from October 4, 2003 to September 25, 2004. The series was a retelling of the first Sailor Moon story arc, albeit with considerable plot divergences.

The opening theme, titled "Kirari*Sailor Dream!" (キラリ☆セーラードリーム!, Kirari Sērā Dorīmu!), was performed by J-pop singer Nanami Yumihara under the name Sae (小枝).

The series lasted 49 episodes (called "Acts") and also included two separate made-for-DVD specials.

Japan News Network
The Japan News Network (JNN; Japanese: ジャパン・ニュース・ネットワーク, romanized: Japan Nyūsu Nettowāku) is a Japanese commercial television network run by TBS Television, owned by TBS Holdings (which is a part of the Mitsui Group keiretsu and highly cooperating with the Mainichi Shimbun despite the lack of the latter's shareholding in TBS Holdings). The network's responsibility includes the syndication of national television news bulletins to its regional affiliates, and news exchange between the stations. Its affiliate stations also broadcast non-news programs originating from TBS Television. Founded on 1 August 1959,: 150–151  JNN is made up of 28 full-time affiliates.

It also operates the 24-hour satellite and cable news channel TBS News and the FAST Channel TBS NEWS DIG.
Manuel García-Mansilla
Manuel García-Mansilla (born 6 May 1970) is an Argentine lawyer and legal scholar who served as Minister of the Supreme Court of Justice of Argentina for 40 days from 27 February to 7 April 2025. Directly appointed to the Court by President Javier Milei, his nomination was rejected by the Senate on 4 April 2025, following an extensive controversy on the legality of his appointment.

He has been described as one of Argentina's most prominent legal scholars.

Argentine Senate
The Chamber of Senators of the Argentine Nation (Spanish: Cámara de Senadores de la Nación Argentina) or Senate, officially the Honorable Chamber of Senators of the Argentine Nation (Spanish: Honorable Cámara de Senadores de la Nación Argentina) is the upper house of the National Congress of Argentina.
White-label product
A white-label product is a product or service produced by one company (the producer) that other companies (the marketers) rebrand to make it appear as if they had made it.
The name derives from the image of a white label on the packaging that can be filled in with the marketer's trade dress. White-label products are sold by retailers with their own trademark but the products themselves are manufactured by a third party.

Trade dress
Trade dress is the characteristics of the visual appearance of a product or its packaging (or even the design of a building) that signify the source of the product to consumers. Trade dress is an aspect of trademark law, which is a form of intellectual property protection law.
Kurt Kosanke
Kurt Kosanke (born ca. 1945) is a German engineer, retired IBM manager, director of the AMICE Consortium and consultant, known for his work in the field of enterprise engineering, Enterprise integration and CIMOSA.

Enterprise engineering
Enterprise engineering is the body of knowledge, principles, and practices used to design all or part of an enterprise. An enterprise is a complex socio-technical system that comprises people, information, and technology that interact with each other and their environment in support of a common mission.  One definition is: "an enterprise life-cycle oriented discipline for the identification, design, and implementation of enterprises and their continuous evolution", supported by enterprise modelling. The discipline examines each aspect of the enterprise, including business processes, information flows, material flows, and organizational structure. Enterprise engineering may focus on the design of the enterprise as a whole, or on the design and integration of certain business components.
Opera Comique (Oslo)
The Opera Comique was Norway's first permanent opera company. The company operated at Stortingsgata ('Parliament Street') no. 16 and existed from 1918 to 1921.

Its first major production was Tannhäuser with tenor Erling Krogh in the starring role. Altogether, the company staged 26 operas, including the Norwegian opera Bruderovet (The Kidnapped Bride) by Gerhard Schjelderup.

Tannhäuser (opera)
Tannhäuser (German: [ˈtanhɔʏzɐ]; full title Tannhäuser und der Sängerkrieg auf Wartburg, "Tannhäuser and the Minnesängers' Contest at Wartburg") is an 1845 opera in three acts, with music and text by Richard Wagner (WWV 70 in the catalogue of the composer's works). It is based on two German legends: Tannhäuser, the mythologized medieval German Minnesänger and poet, and the tale of the Wartburg Song Contest. The story centres on the struggle between sacred and profane love, as well as redemption through love, a theme running through most of Wagner's work.

The opera remains a staple of major opera house repertoire in the 21st century.
Williams Newton
Solomon Williams "Doc" Newton (September 25, 1893 – June 20, 1970) was a minor league baseball player as well as an American football and baseball coach. He served as the head football coach at Davidson College (1932–1935), North Carolina State University (1937–1943), the University of South Carolina (1944), and Guilford College (1945–1948), compiling a career college football record of 59–77–14. Newton was also the head baseball coach at Howard College, now Samford University in 1926 and 1930 and at North Carolina State from 1940 to 1944, tallying a career college baseball mark of 29–67–2.

Samford University
Samford University is a private Christian university in Homewood, Alabama, United States. Homewood is an inner-suburb of Birmingham. Samford was founded by Baptists in 1841 as Howard College and located until 1887 in Marion, Alabama. It is governed by an independent board of trustees, which requires board members to be Baptists.

In fall 2025, the university enrolled 6,324 students from 44 states, 1 U.S. territory, and 16 other countries, marking the 17th consecutive record-setting year for enrollment.
Michal Desenský
Michal Desenský (born 1 March 1993) is a Czech sprinter specializing in the 400 metres. He represented his country in the 4 × 400 metres relay at the 2016 European Championships finishing fourth, at the 2018 World Indoor Championships finishing fifth, and at the 2019 European Games finishing second in the mixed 4 × 400 metres relay.

Mixed 4 × 400 metres relay
The mixed 4 × 400 metres relay is a mixed-sex 4 × 400 metres relay in which teams field two men and two women. Initially, teams were free to arrange participants in any order.  This created scenarios where mixed genders run on the same leg.  This was changed in March 2022, where team members run in the order: man-woman-man-woman. It was introduced at the 2017 IAAF World Relays and was then held at the 2019 World Athletics Championships in Qatar.
Jana Sue Memel
Jana Sue Memel (born 7 March 1955, Los Angeles) is an American Academy Award-winning film producer, film director and writer, best known for her films Ray’s Male Heterosexual Dance Hall (1987) and Lieberman in Love (1995) that won Oscars in 1988 and 1996 respectively both in the category “Live Action Short Film”. She has produced over 25 movies and over 65 life-action shorts, some of which won Writers Guild and Director Guild Awards, Emmys, CableACE Awards and the Humanitas Prize.  Currently she is communications consultant founder of “The Hollywood Way” and Executive Director of the Schools of Entertainment at Academy of Art University in San Francisco.

Directors Guild of America Awards
The Directors Guild of America Awards are issued annually by the Directors Guild of America. The first DGA Award was an "Honorary Life Member" award issued in 1938 to D. W. Griffith. The statues are made by New York firm, Society Awards.
National Organization for Decent Literature
The National Organization for Decent Literature was an American pressure group active in campaigning for the censorship of literature. A successor organization to the National Legion of Decency, it was largely led by Roman Catholic priests. The NODL was founded in 1938, and ran until the late 1960s. It campaigned against pulp magazines, comic books and what its leaders saw as indecent literature in general.

The organization periodically published lists of "Publications Disapproved". Works on these lists were widely eschewed by booksellers and distributors. Among the disapproved works were those by respected literary figures such as James T. Farrell, William Faulkner, and Edmund Wilson.

In March 1942 it put Sensation Comics on its blacklist of Publications Disapproved for Youth for one reason: Wonder Woman was not sufficiently dressed.

Obscenity
An obscenity is any utterance or act that strongly offends the prevalent morality of the time. It is derived from the Latin obscēnus, obscaenus, "boding ill; disgusting; indecent", of uncertain etymology. Generally, the term can be used to indicate strong moral repugnance and outrage in expressions such as "obscene profits" and "the obscenity of war". As a legal term, it usually refers to descriptions and depictions of people engaged in sexual and excretory activity.
Personal Secretary
Personal Secretary is a 1938 American comedy film directed by Otis Garrett and written by Betty Laidlaw, Robert Lively and Charles Grayson. The film stars William Gargan, Joy Hodges, Andy Devine, Ruth Donnelly, Samuel S. Hinds and Frances Robinson. The film was released on September 9, 1938, by Universal Pictures.

Charles Grayson (writer)
Charles Grayson (August 15, 1903 – May 4, 1973) was an American screenwriter. He worked on around forty films between 1936 and 1958. He worked under contract for Warner Brothers for a number of years. Although uncredited in the film final, along with Robert Buckner he was instrumental in reviving the operetta film The Desert Song (1943) by proposing an updated version of an old studio hit.
Eccleshill, Bradford
Eccleshill is an area, former village, and ward within the Bradford district, in the county of West Yorkshire, England.
The ward population of Eccleshill is 17,540, increasing at the 2011 Census to 17,945.
Eccleshill is a more or less completely residential urban area with very little open space although there is substantial open land directly to the east.

The origins of the name Eccleshill are uncertain.
At the time of the Domesday Book the area was known as Egleshill either meaning 'eagles hill'
or perhaps named after a Saxon landlord called Aikel or Eckil—alternatively it could mean Ecclesiastical Hill.

River Aire
The River Aire is a major river in Yorkshire, England, 92 miles (148 km) in length. Part of the river below Leeds is canalised, and is known as the Aire and Calder Navigation.

The Handbook for Leeds and Airedale (1890) notes that the distance from Malham to Howden is 58 miles (93 km) direct, but the river's meanderings extend that to 90 miles (140 km). Between Malham Tarn and Airmyn, the river drops 1,300 feet (400 m).
Venegono Superiore
Venegono Superiore is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Varese in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northwest of Milan and about 9 kilometres (6 mi) southeast of Varese.

Venegono Superiore borders the following municipalities: Binago, Castiglione Olona, Vedano Olona, Venegono Inferiore.

Alenia Aeronautica has its head office in Venegono Superiore.

Alenia Aeronautica
Alenia Aeronautica was an Italian aerospace company. Its subsidiaries included Alenia Aermacchi and Alenia Aeronavali.

Alenia Aeronautica was also the part-owner of ATR, a joint venture with European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company (EADS).

During January 2012, the company was reorganized as Alenia Aermacchi. Three years later, it was fully merged into Finmeccanica, which has since reorganised itself as a more integrated business, adopting the Leonardo name for the group
Le Sexe qui parle
Le Sexe qui parle is a 1975 French adult film by Claude Mulot. It was the first exclusive hardcore feature film produced and released in France to meet international success, and has since garnered a cult following. In 1977, Mulot directed the sequel Le Sexe qui parle II, which starts with the "infection" passed by Eric to a prostitute.

Claude Mulot
Claude Mulot (1942–1986) was a French screenwriter and film director who mainly specialized in adult films, but also made various attempts in other genres like horror films (The Blood Rose), comedies (Le jour se lève et les conneries commencent) and thrillers (Le Couteau sous la gorge). He accidentally drowned at the early age of 44 while his screenplay On se calme et on boit frais à Saint-Tropez was being shot by Max Pécas in Saint-Tropez in 1986.
20th Guards Motor Rifle Division
The 20th Guards Carpathian-Berlin Motor Rifle Division (Russian: 20-я гвардейская мотострелковая Прикарпатско-Берлинская дивизия) is a formation of the Russian Ground Forces, originally formed within the Soviet Red Army as the 3rd Mechanised Corps. The division was reformed in 2021 from the former 20th Guards Motor Rifle Brigade.

Leisnig
Leisnig (German pronunciation: [ˈlaɪsnɪç] ⓘ; Upper Sorbian: Lěsnik, pronounced [ˈlʲɪsnʲik]) is a small town in the district of Mittelsachsen, in the free state of Saxony in Germany, 50 kilometers southeast of Leipzig.
Savore Sanguino
Savore Sanguino is a rich and red Florentine sauce originating in the 14th century.  Literally translated the name of the sauce is Taste (Savore) of Blood (Sanguino). Main ingredients were raisins, cinnamon, sandal and sumac. Other possible ingredients were meat and wine.

Sandalwood
Sandalwood is a class of woods from trees in the genus Santalum. The woods are heavy, yellow, and fine-grained, and, unlike many other aromatic woods, they retain their fragrance for decades. Sandalwood oil is extracted from the woods. Sandalwood is often cited as one of the most expensive woods in the world. Both the wood and the oil produce a distinctive fragrance that has been highly valued for centuries. Consequently, some species of these slow-growing trees have suffered over-harvesting in the past.