hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Chrysas
The Battle of Chrysas was fought in 392 BC in the course of the Sicilian Wars, between the Carthaginian army under the shofet Mago II and a Greek army under Dionysius I, tyrant of Syracuse, who was aided by Agyris, tyrant of the Sicel city of Agyrium. Mago had been defeated by Dionysius at Abacaenum in 393, which had not damaged the Carthaginian position in Sicily. Reinforced by Carthage in 392, Mago moved to attack the Sicles allied with Syracuse in central Sicily. After the Carthaginians reached and encamped near the river Chrysas, the Sicels harassed the Carthaginian supply lines causing a supply shortage, while the Greek soldiers rebelled and deserted Dionysius when he refused to fight a pitched battle. Both Mago and Dionysius agreed to a peace treaty, which allowed the Carthaginians to formally occupy the area west of the River Halycus, while Dionysius was given lordship over the Sicel lands. The peace would last until 383, when Dionysius attacked the Carthaginians again.

Lentini
Lentini (Italian: [lenˈtiːni]; Sicilian: Lintini; Latin: Leontīnī; Ancient Greek: Λεοντῖνοι, romanized: Leontînoi) is a town and comune in the Province of Syracuse, southeastern Sicily (Southern Italy), located 35 km (22 miles) north-west of Syracuse.
Oakland neighborhood, Knoxville, Tennessee
The Oakland neighborhood in Fountain City, Tennessee, now included in north Knoxville, Tennessee, was a small, segregated, black community south of Tazewell Pike and west of Beverly Place and Beverly Road. It had a small, segregated, black elementary school, which was boarded up for many years once the Knoxville schools were integrated, and eventually was used for a children's museum.

Nearby white schools were Shannondale, to the north and east on Shannondale Road, and Smithwood (defunct), to the north and west, near the intersection of Tazewell Pike with Jaxboro Pike that is eponymously also known as Smithwood.  Next to the north is the ornate Smithwood Baptist Church, and there was once also  Smithwood Drugstore and Smithwood Taxicab Service (one vehicle operated out of the Sinclair service station by the owner, "Dub" Tipton.

Fountain City, Knoxville
Fountain City is a neighborhood in northern Knoxville, Tennessee, in the southeastern United States.  Although not a census-designated place (it is grouped with Knoxville for census-purposes), the populations of the two ZIP codes that serve Fountain City— 37918 and 37912— were 36,815 and 18,695, respectively, as of the 2000 U.S. census.  At the time of its annexation by the city of Knoxville in 1962, Fountain City was the largest unincorporated community in the United States.
2006 United States House of Representatives elections in Illinois
The 2006 congressional elections in Illinois were held November 7, 2006, to determine who would represent the State of Illinois in the United States House of Representatives.

Illinois had nineteen seats in the House, apportioned according to the 2000 United States census.  Representatives are elected for two-year terms; those elected would serve in the 110th Congress from January 3, 2007, to January 3, 2009.

Dan Seals (politician)
Daniel Joseph Seals (born June 19, 1971) is an American business consultant and a Democratic politician from Illinois. Seals was the Democratic nominee in three campaigns to become U.S. Representative for Illinois's 10th congressional district. In 2006 and 2008, he was defeated by the incumbent Mark Kirk. In his third run, he was defeated by Republican candidate Robert Dold, on November 2, 2010, after Kirk vacated the seat to successfully run for the U.S. Senate.
Jack Frost (1964 film)
Jack Frost (Russian: Морозко, Morozko) is a 1964 Soviet romantic fantasy film made by Gorky Film Studio. It was based on a traditional Russian fairy tale Morozko. It was directed by Alexander Rou, and starred Eduard Izotov as Ivan, Natalya Sedykh as Nastenka, and Alexander Khvylya as Father Frost. The script was written by Nikolai Erdman. The soundtrack was composed by Nikolai Budashkin, who was inspired by the works of Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov. A version with an English dub was released in 1966 in the U.S. and was spoofed on the TV series Mystery Science Theater 3000.

Nikolai Erdman
Nikolai Robertovich Erdman (Russian: Николай Робертович Эрдман, IPA: [nʲɪkɐˈlaj ˈrobʲɪrtəvʲɪtɕ ˈɛrdmən] ⓘ; 16 November [O.S. 3 November] 1900, Moscow – 10 August 1970) was a Soviet dramatist and screenwriter primarily remembered for his work with Vsevolod Meyerhold in the 1920s. His plays, notably The Suicide (1928), form a link in Russian literary history between the satirical drama of Nikolai Gogol and the post-World War II Theatre of the Absurd.
Jay B
Lim Jae-beom (Korean: 임재범; born January 6, 1994), known professionally as Jay B (제이비; stylized in all caps), and formerly JB, is a South Korean singer, songwriter, and actor. Jay B is the leader of South Korean boy band Got7, a member of boy band duo JJ Project and sub-unit Jus2, as well as part of R&B soul crew Offshore as Def.. He made his small-screen debut through the drama series Dream High 2 in 2012.

South Korean won
The South Korean won, sometimes known as the Republic of Korea won (symbol: ₩; code: KRW; Korean: 대한민국 원), is the official currency of South Korea. The won is technically equal to 100 jeon, but the jeon is no longer used for everyday transactions and appears only in foreign exchange rates. The currency is issued by the Bank of Korea, based in the capital city of Seoul. The South Korean won was first issued in 1949, then was replaced by the South Korean hwan between 1953 and 1962, before the adoption of the current South Korean won in 1962.
Espie
Espie or Espié is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Colin Espie (born 1957), Scottish neuroscientist

Jock Espie (1868–1911), Scottish footballer

Stan Espie, Irish lawn bowl player

Thierry Espié (born 1952), French motorcycle racer

Thierry Espié
Thierry Espié (born 2 February 1952) is a French former professional motorcycle racer. He competed in Grand Prix motorcycle road racing from 1977 to 1985.

Espié was born in Vanves, France. His best years were in 1979, when he finished in fourth place in the 125cc world championship, and in 1980, when he finished in fourth place in the 250cc world championship.
Comostolopsis leuconeura
Comostolopsis leuconeura is a moth of the family Geometridae first described by Louis Beethoven Prout in 1930. It is endemic to Réunion.

The wingspan is 15–22 mm.

The larvae feed on Flacourtiaceae (Aphloia theiformis).

Aphloia
Aphloia is a genus of flowering plants that contains a single species, Aphloia theiformis, the sole species of the monogeneric family Aphloiaceae. It is a species of evergreen shrubs or small trees occurring in East Africa, Madagascar, the Mascarene Islands and the Seychelles.
Edward George Hudson Oliver
Edward (Ted) George Hudson Oliver, (1938-2025) is a South African Botanist and author. He is an expert in heathers. He has discovered and named several species. Oliver is the recognized world authority on the subfamily Ericoideae.

Ericaceae
The Ericaceae (/ˌɛrɪˈkeɪsi.aɪ, -iː/) are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the heath or heather family, found most commonly in acidic and infertile growing conditions. The family is large, with about 4,250 known species spread across 124 genera, making it the 14th most speciose family of flowering plants. The many well known and economically important members of the Ericaceae include the cranberry, blueberry, huckleberry, rhododendron (including azaleas), and various common heaths and heathers (Erica, Cassiope, Daboecia, and Calluna for example).
Tuttle (M*A*S*H)
"Tuttle" is an episode from the television series M*A*S*H. It was the 15th episode broadcast and aired on January 14, 1973. It was written by Bruce Shelly and David Ketchum and directed by William Wiard. This episode was nominated for a Writers Guild Award.

Guest cast is Dennis Fimple as Sergeant "Sparky" Pryor, Mary-Robin Redd as Sister Theresa, Herb Voland as Brigadier General Crandell Clayton, and James Sikking as a finance officer.

James B. Sikking
James Barrie Sikking (March 5, 1934 – July 13, 2024) was an American actor, best known for his roles as Lt. Howard Hunter on the 1980s television series Hill Street Blues and Dr. David Howser on Doogie Howser, M.D. His career spanned six decades.
Mausoleum of Ahmad al-Rifa'i
The Mausoleum of Ahmad al-Rifa'i (Arabic:ضريح أحمد الرفاعي) also known as Dargah Syed Ahmad Kabeer Rifa'i (Farsi:درگاه سید احمد کبیر رفاعی) is a Sufi religious complex dedicated to Ahmad al-Rifa'i, the founder of the Rifa'i Sufi order, located in Al-Rifa'i District, Maysan Governorate, Iraq. It comprises a mosque, a room for hadra, and the mausoleum of Ahmad al-Rifa'i himself.

Maysan Governorate
Maysan Governorate (Arabic: ميسان, romanized: Maysān or Mīsān) is a governorate in southeastern Iraq, bordering Iran. Its administrative centre is the city of Amarah, and it is composed of six districts. Before 1976, it was named Amara Province.
San Marone, Rome
San Marone is a church in Rome located in the Ludovisi rione and dedicated to Saint Maron, a 5th-century Syrian hermit who founded the Maronite Church. It is the national church of the Lebanese Maronite community in the city, with services following the Antiochian Rite in Arabic. The church was built in 1890 based on a design by Andrea Busiri Vici, to serve the neighbouring Maronite monastery.

Next to it is the Pontifical Maronite College, where priests from various Eastern Churches, especially the Maronite Church, study after their first studies. The Maronite College also serves as Procuracy of the Patriarchate of Antioch of the Maronites to the Holy See.

Maronite Catholic Patriarchate of Antioch
The Maronite Catholic Patriarchate of Antioch (Latin: Patriarchatus Antiochenus Maronitarum) is the seat of the Patriarch of the Maronite Church. It is currently governed by the Patriarch Cardinal Bechara Boutros al-Rahi, OMM.

The Maronite Church is one of several churches that lay claim to be the canonical incumbent of the ancient see of St. Peter and St. Paul in Antioch. The Syriac Catholic Church, and the Melkite Greek Catholic Church make the same claim, all of them Eastern Catholic Churches in full communion with the Holy See. The three mutually recognize each other as holding authentic patriarchates. The Greek Orthodox Church of Antioch and the Oriental Orthodox Syriac Orthodox Church claim patriarchates as well. Moreover, the Catholic Church appointed titular Latin rite patriarchs for many centuries, until the office was left vacant in 1953 and abolished in 1964 and all claims renounced.
Kendricks
Kendricks is a surname of British origin, being a variant of the surname Kendrick. Notable people with the surname include:

Eddie Kendricks (1939-1992), American singer and songwriter

Eric Kendricks (born 1992), American football middle linebacker

Lance Kendricks (born 1988), American football tight end

Mychal Kendricks (born 1990), American football linebacker

Sam Kendricks (born 1992), American pole vaulter

Mychal Kendricks
Marvin Mychal-Christopher Kendricks (born September 28, 1990) is an American former professional football player who was a linebacker in the National Football League (NFL). After playing college football for the California Golden Bears, he was selected by the Philadelphia Eagles in the second round of the 2012 NFL draft. Kendricks won Super Bowl LII with the Eagles. In September 2018, he pleaded guilty to insider trading and was released by the Cleveland Browns.
Battle of Vavunathivu
The Battle of Vavunathivu took place during the Sri Lankan Civil War. It occurred on 7 March 1997 in which the LTTE militants attacked and overran the Sri Lanka Army military camp at Vavunathivu off Batticaloa.

Military camp
A military camp or bivouac is a semi-permanent military base, for the lodging of an army. Camps are erected when a military force travels away from a major installation or fort during training or operations, and often have the form of large campsites.

In the British Army, Commonwealth armies, the United States Marine Corps, and other military forces, permanent military bases are also called camps, including Tidworth Camp, Blandford Camp, Bulford Camp, and Devil's Tower Camp of the British Army; and Camp Lejeune and Camp Geiger of the United States Marine Corps.
Kyshtovka
Kyshtovka (Russian: Кыштовка) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Kyshtovsky District, Novosibirsk Oblast, Russia. Population:  5,282 (2010 Census); 5,798 (2002 Census); 6,000 (1989 Soviet census).

Novosibirsk Oblast
Novosibirsk Oblast (Russian: Новосиби́рская о́бласть, romanized: Novosibirskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast) located in southwestern Siberia. Its administrative and economic center is the city of Novosibirsk, the third-largest city in the country. As of the 2021 Census, Novosibirsk Oblast had a population of 2,797,176 with the majority, 1.63 million, lives in Novosibirsk.
World in Union
"World in Union" is a theme song for the Rugby World Cup. The song's lyrics are by Charlie Skarbek, set to the melody "Thaxted" by Gustav Holst.

Skarbek was commissioned to write the song by World Rugby (then the International Rugby Football Board) for the 1991 Rugby World Cup, held in England. It was first performed by New Zealand soprano Kiri Te Kanawa, and has since been performed and recorded by various other musicians.

The song's melody, "Thaxted", was originally written in 1914 as the middle section of "Jupiter, the Bringer of Jollity", a movement from Holst's orchestral suite The Planets. Although the melody was originally wordless, it was later adapted as a hymn tune by Holst for its use in the 1921 British/Anglican patriotic hymn, "I Vow to Thee, My Country", using words by Sir Cecil Spring Rice. The melody has subsequently been paired with numerous other religious texts and secular lyrics.

Hymn tune
A hymn tune is the melody of a musical composition to which a hymn text is sung. Musically speaking, a hymn is generally understood to have four-part (or more) harmony, a fast harmonic rhythm (chords change frequently), with or without refrain or chorus.

From the late sixteenth century in England and Scotland, when most people were not musically literate and learned melodies by rote, it was a common practice to sing a new text to a hymn tune the singers already knew which had a suitable meter and character.

There are many hymn tunes which might fit a particular hymn: a hymn in Long Metre might be sung to any hymn tune in Long Metre, but the tunes might be as different as those tunes that have been used for centuries with hymns such as Te lucis ante terminum, on one hand, and an arrangement of the calypso tune used with Jamaica Farewell, on the other.
Arkansas saddled darter
The Arkansas saddled darter (Etheostoma euzonum) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is endemic to the eastern United States, where it occurs in the White River drainage in Arkansas and Missouri.  It occurs in deep, fast gravel and rubble riffles of small to medium rivers.  This species can reach a length of 12.0 cm (4.7 in).

Gymnocephalus
Gymnocephalus is a genus of ray-finned fishes from the family Percidae, which includes the perches, pike-perches and darters. They are from the Western Palearctic area, although one species, Gymnocephalus cernua has been accidentally introduced to the Great Lakes region where it is regarded as an invasive species. They have the common name "ruffe" and resemble the true perches in the genus Perca, but are usually smaller and have a different pattern.
Mollakənd, Kurdamir
40°07′20″N 48°06′05″E﻿ / ﻿40.12222°N 48.10139°E﻿ / 40.12222; 48.10139

Mollakənd (Also known as, Mollakend, Mollakand Mollakent, Моллакенд and Mulla) is a village and municipality in the Kurdamir Rayon of Azerbaijan.

Kurdamir District
Kurdamir district (Azerbaijani: Kürdəmir rayonu) is one of the 66 districts of Azerbaijan. Located in the centre of the country, it belongs to the Central Aran Economic Region. The district borders the districts of Zardab, Ujar, Goychay, Ismayilli, Agsu, Hajigabul, Sabirabad, and Imishli. Its capital and largest city is Kurdamir. As of 2020, the district had a population of 117,900.
Tsaggaris Peledriou
Tsaggaris Peledriou is a Cypriot football club based in Pelendri, Cyprus. Founded in 1957 as Sotirios Pelendriou, changed their name to Apollon Pelendriou after they were expelled from the CFA on the category of match-fixing (with ENAZ Agia Zoni Limassol). They changed their name to Tsaggaris Pelendriou at 1984. The team was playing sometimes in Third and in Fourth Division.

Cyprus Football Association
The Cyprus Football Association (CFA) (Greek: Κυπριακή Ομοσπονδία Ποδοσφαίρου (ΚΟΠ), romanized: Kypriakí Omospondía Podosfaírou (KOP), Turkish: Kıbrıs Futbol Federasyonu (KFF)) is the governing body of football in Cyprus and is based in Nicosia. It organises Cyprus's football championships, whose top league is the Cypriot First Division. It also organises the Cypriot Cup, the Cypriot Super Cup and the Cypriot national football team. Cyprus Football Association is also responsible for organising futsal competitions, including the Cypriot Futsal league, the Cypriot Futsal Cup and the Cypriot Futsal Super Cup.
Janne Blichert-Toft
Janne Blichert-Toft is a geochemist, specializing in the use of isotopes with applications in understanding  planetary mantle-crust evolution, as well as the chemical composition of matter in the universe. To further this research, Blichert-Toft has developed techniques for high-precision Isotope-ratio mass spectrometry measurements.

Crust (geology)
In geology, the crust is the outermost solid shell of a planet, dwarf planet, or natural satellite. It is usually distinguished from the underlying mantle by its chemical makeup; however, in the case of icy satellites, it may be defined based on its phase (solid crust vs. liquid mantle).

The crusts of Earth, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Io, the Moon and other planetary bodies formed via igneous processes and were later modified by erosion, impact cratering, volcanism, and sedimentation.

Most terrestrial planets have fairly uniform crusts. Earth, however, has two distinct types: continental crust and oceanic crust. These two types have different chemical compositions and physical properties and were formed by different geological processes.
Borzymów
Borzymów [bɔˈʐɨmuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Oleśnica, within Staszów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) east of Oleśnica, 14 km (9 mi) south of Staszów, and 60 km (37 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kielce.

Staszów County
Staszów County (Polish: powiat staszowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, south-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Staszów, which lies 53 kilometres (33 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kielce. The county also contains the towns of Połaniec, lying 17 km (11 mi) south-east of Staszów, and Osiek, 21 km (13 mi) east of Staszów.

The county covers an area of 924.80 square kilometres (357.1 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is  67,331, out of which the population of Staszów is  14,762, that of Połaniec is  8,098, that of Osiek is  2,007, and the rural population is  42,464.
Members of the Victorian Legislative Council, 1931–1934
This is a list of members of the Victorian Legislative Council between 1931 and 1934. As half of the Legislative Council's terms expired at each triennial election, half of these members were elected at the 1928 triennial election with terms expiring in 1934, while the other half were elected at the 1931 triennial election with terms expiring in 1937.

1  In October 1931, William McCann, Country MLC for North Western Province, resigned to contest the seat of Wimmera at the 1931 federal election. Country candidate Henry Pye won the resulting by-election in March 1932.

Henry Pye
Henry Pye (25 December 1873 – 9 April 1942) was an Australian politician.

He was born at Burnewang near Rochester to farmer Edward Pye and Margaret Gorman. At the age of eleven he was apprenticed to a carpenter, and by the age of nineteen owned a building and contracting company. He went to the goldfields in Western Australia, where he built bridges for the railways, before returning to Swan Hill, where he resumed control of his business. Around 1909 he married Alice Maria Jenkins, with whom he had three children. He retired in 1924. From 1917 to 1935 he served on Swan Hill Shire Council, with a term as president from 1931 to 1932. In 1932 he won a by-election for North Western Province in the Victorian Legislative Council, representing the Country Party. He was a minister without portfolio from 1935 until his death in Swan Hill in 1942.
100 Gigabit Ethernet
40 Gigabit Ethernet (40GbE) and 100 Gigabit Ethernet (100GbE) are groups of computer networking technologies for transmitting Ethernet frames at rates of 40 and 100 gigabits per second (Gbit/s), respectively. These technologies offer significantly higher speeds than 10 Gigabit Ethernet. The technology was first defined by the IEEE 802.3ba-2010 standard and later by the 802.3bg-2011, 802.3bj-2014, 802.3bm-2015, and 802.3cd-2018 standards. The first succeeding Terabit Ethernet specifications were approved in 2017.

The standards define numerous port types with different optical and electrical interfaces and different numbers of optical fiber strands per port. Short distances (e.g. 7 m) over twinaxial cable are supported while standards for fiber reach up to 80 km.

Data-rate units
In telecommunications, data rate units are commonly multiples of bits per second (bit/s) and bytes per second (B/s). For example, the data rates of modern residential high-speed Internet connections are commonly expressed in megabits per second (Mbit/s).
They are used as units of measurement for expressing data transfer rate, the average number of bits (bit rate), characters or symbols (symbol rate), or data blocks per unit time passing through a communication link in a data-transmission system.
Chocolate salo
Salo in chocolate is a Ukrainian dish, created as a joke or experiment and produced since the late 1990s.

The recipe is thought to have originated in an ethnic joke about the Ukrainians' cult-like attitude towards salo, similar to the Italians' attitude towards spaghetti.

In the late 1990s, Odesa Confectionery Factory started production of candies Salo v Shokoladi. The chocolate candies were invented as an April Fool's Day joke. They were not actually salo; they contain a regular caramel filling with a small amount of rendered fat added as a salty flavouring. Since then, the dish is available in shops and restaurants in various Ukrainian cities.

"Chocolate salo" is one of popular desserts in the restaurant of the Museum of Salo in Lviv.

A BBC reporter called it "one of the unhealthiest snacks in the world".

Ethnic joke
An ethnic joke is a remark aiming at humor relating to an ethnic, racial or cultural group, often referring to an ethnic stereotype of the group in question for its punchline.

Perceptions of ethnic jokes are ambivalent. Christie Davies gives examples that, while many find them racist and offensive, for some people jokes poking fun at one's own ethnicity may be considered acceptable. He points out that ethnic jokes are often found funny exactly for the same reason they sound racist for others; it happens when they play on negative ethnic stereotypes. Davies maintains that ethnic jokes reinforce ethnic stereotypes and sometimes lead to calls for violence. The perceived damage to the ethnic group can be of great concern as when the ethnic Polish jokes became so common in the 1970s, the Polish Ministry of Foreign Affairs approached the U.S. State Department to complain.