hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fox Lake Subdivision
The Fox Lake Subdivision is a railway line in the state of Illinois in the United States. It runs 17.5 miles (28.2 km) from a junction with the C&M Subdivision of the CPKC Railway at Rondout, Illinois, to a junction with the Wisconsin and Southern Railroad at Fox Lake, Illinois. Metra, the commuter rail authority for the Chicago area, owns and operates the line. The line hosts Milwaukee District North Line commuter trains. The entire line is single tracked, with the exception of a passing siding at Grayslake. The line is part of the former Milwaukee Road route between Chicago and Madison, Wisconsin. The Wisconsin & Southern owns the portion between Fox Lake and Janesville, Wisconsin, and has trackage rights over the Metra portion. The tracks north of Metra's Fox Lake station host exclusively freight traffic.

Fox Lake, Illinois
Fox Lake is a village in Lake County, Illinois and Burton Township, McHenry County, Illinois, United States. Fox Lake is a northwestern Chicago suburb. The population was 10,978 at the 2020 census. It is located 50 miles north of Chicago.
İbrahim Akın (politician)
İbrahim Akın is a Turkish politician who is co-leader of the Party of the Greens and the Left Future. He was elected to the Grand National Assembly of Turkey from İzmir 2nd district in the 2023 Turkish parliamentary election.

İzmir (2nd electoral district)
İzmir's second electoral district is one of two divisions of İzmir province for the purpose of elections to Grand National Assembly of Turkey. It elects thirteen members of parliament (deputies) to represent the district for a four-year term by the D'Hondt method, a party-list proportional representation system. It covers northern and southeastern parts of İzmir.
2016 World RX of Germany
The 2016 World RX of Germany was the eleventh round of the third season of the FIA World Rallycross Championship. The event was held at the Estering in Buxtehude, Lower Saxony. Mattias Ekström won his maiden World Championship with a round to spare, holding a 30-point buffer to nearest rival Petter Solberg.

Mattias Ekström
Bengt Mattias Ekström (born 14 July 1978) is a racing and rally driver from Sweden. He competed in the Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters for Audi from 2001 until his retirement in 2018, and has been competing in the FIA World Rallycross Championship, also for Audi, since its inception in 2014. He is a FIA World Rallycross Champion, a two-time DTM champion and a four-time winner of the Race of Champions.
Selector Radio
Selector Radio is a weekly two-hour radio show produced by Audio Always for the British Council. Its aim is to introduce new music and scenes from the UK, inspired by influences from around the world, to listeners across the globe. The shows covers many musical genres, ranging from grime, indie, soul, and dance and also features live sessions and DJ mixes including coverage from its own stages at South by Southwest and The Great Escape.

Launched in 2001, as The Selector, the show is broadcast in more than 30 countries.  In 2011, The Sunday Times likened Selector Radio to "the best of John Peel".

As well as being aired in many countries around the world, the show is also available weekly via Mixcloud.

Radio program
A radio program, radio programme, or radio show is a segment of content intended for broadcast on radio. It may be a one-time production, or part of a periodically recurring series. A single program in a series is called an episode.
2-Naphthoic acid
2-Naphthoic acid is an organic compound of the formula C10H7CO2H.  It is one of two isomeric carboxylic acid derivatives of naphthalene, the other one being 1-naphthoic acid.   It can be prepared by carboxylation of 1-chloronaphthalene.
 Its pKa is 4.2. The name of carboxylate anion, the conjugate base of the acid, is 2-naphthoate; the name of the related acyl group is 2-naphthoyl.

Acyl group
In chemistry, an acyl group is a moiety derived by the removal of one or more hydroxyl groups from an oxoacid, including inorganic acids. It contains a double-bonded oxygen atom and an organyl group (R−C=O) or hydrogen in the case of formyl group (H−C=O). In organic chemistry, the acyl group (IUPAC name alkanoyl if the organyl group is alkyl) is usually derived from a carboxylic acid, in which case it has the formula R−C(=O)−, where R represents an organyl group or hydrogen. Although the term is almost always applied to organic compounds, acyl groups can in principle be derived from other types of acids such as sulfonic acids and phosphonic acids. In the most common arrangement, acyl groups are attached to a larger molecular fragment, in which case the carbon and oxygen atoms are linked by a double bond.
Joseph Fisher (Northern Ireland politician)
Joseph Fisher (1901 or 1902–1963) was a unionist politician in Northern Ireland.

Fisher worked as a solicitor and became an urban district councillor for the Ulster Unionist Party.  At the 1953 Northern Ireland general election, he stood unsuccessfully for the party in Mourne.  In 1957, he was elected to the Senate of Northern Ireland, serving until his death in 1963.  From 1961 to 1962, he was a Deputy Speaker of the Senate.

Senate of Northern Ireland
The Senate of Northern Ireland was the upper house of the Parliament of Northern Ireland created by the Government of Ireland Act 1920. It was abolished with the passing of the Northern Ireland Constitution Act 1973.
Margarita Kolosov
Margarita Kolosov (born 11 March 2004) is a German rhythmic gymnast. She is a two-time (2021, 2024) German all-around champion. She is also a two-time (2022, 2023) World team silver medalist. Margarita has been competed at the 2024 Paris Olympics in the women's rhythmic individual all-around, where she came in fourth place.

Kolosov has been training at the federal base in Fellbach with Yuliya Raskina since 2016.

Fellbach
Fellbach (German pronunciation: [ˈfɛlbax] ⓘ) is a town on the north-east edge of Stuttgart in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. With a population of approximately 45.430 as of December 2020 is the second largest town in the District Rems-Murr-Kreis. The area of the town is 27.7 km2 (10.7 sq mi).

Fellbach was first mentioned as Velbach in 1121. It was called Vellebach in 1357 and the name Fehlbach was used in around 1800. On 14 October 1933, it was declared a city. After World War II it reached a population of more than 20,000 in 1950 and therefore received the status "Große Kreisstadt".

The town Fellbach was expanded with the former municipality Schmiden on 1 January 1973, and Oeffingen on 1 April 1974.
Aransas
Aransas (/əˈrænzəs/ ə-RAN-zəs) is a placename for several neighboring places in coastal Southern Texas.

Aransas County, Texas

The Aransas River, which begins in Bee County, Texas, and flows into Copano Bay in Aransas County

The Aransas Bay, fed by Copano Bay

Aransas Pass, Texas, which borders the Aransas Bay

Port Aransas, Texas

The Aransas Pass, a navigable salt water channel connecting the Gulf of Mexico with Aransas Bay

The Aransas National Wildlife Refuge, north of Aransas River

The ghost town of Aransas City

The ghost town of Aransas

Aransas River
The Aransas River is a short river in south Texas in the United States. It drains an area of the south Texas coastal plains into the Gulf of Mexico. It rises in Bee County southwest of Beeville and north of Skidmore, from the confluence of three creeks: Olmos, Aransas, and Poesta. It flows generally south and southeast in a highly winding course, entering Copano Bay on the Gulf of Mexico along the Refugio-Aransas county line, approximately 10 miles (16 km) northwest of Rockport.

For some of the period when Texas was a state in Mexico, the Aransas formed the southwestern boundary, separating it from the neighboring Mexican state of Coahuila.
Sovietskyi
Sovietskyi (Ukrainian: Совєтський; Russian: Советский) or Ichki (Ukrainian: Ічкі; Russian: Ички; Crimean Tatar: İçki) is an urban-type settlement in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, a territory recognized by a majority of countries as part of Ukraine and incorporated by Russia as the Republic of Crimea. The town also serves as the administrative center of the Sovietskyi Raion (district), housing the district's local administration buildings.

Since the Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation in 2014, the town has been under de facto Russian control. In 2016, the Verkhovna Rada passed decommunization legislation that renamed this town to Ichki (Ukrainian: Ічкі), though it hasn't yet been implemented since Ukraine doesn't control the town as of 2024.

Republic of Crimea (Russia)
The Republic of Crimea is a republic of Russia, comprising most of the Crimean Peninsula, but excluding Sevastopol. Its territory corresponds to the pre-2023 territory of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, a de jure subdivision of Ukraine. Russia occupied and annexed the peninsula in 2014, although the annexation remains internationally unrecognized.

The capital and largest city located within its borders is Simferopol, which is the second-largest city on the Crimean Peninsula. As of the 2021 Russian census, the Republic of Crimea had a population of 1,934,630.
World War 3 (1998)
The 1998 World War 3 was the fourth and final World War 3 professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by World Championship Wrestling (WCW). The event took place on November 22, 1998 from The Palace of Auburn Hills in Auburn Hills, Michigan, the same location as the previous year's event. This event marked the only instance where the traditional World War 3 battle royal did not headline the event.

Eight matches were contested at the event. The main event was a standard wrestling match between Diamond Dallas Page and Bret Hart for the WCW United States Heavyweight Championship, in which Page pinned Hart to retain the title. The World War 3 match, where the winner would receive a WCW World Heavyweight Championship match at Starrcade, was won by Kevin Nash.

Auburn Hills, Michigan
Auburn Hills is a city in Oakland County in the U.S. state of Michigan. A northern suburb of Detroit, Auburn Hills is located about 26 miles (42 km) north of downtown Detroit. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 24,360.

Auburn Hills is home to Oakland University and the U.S. headquarters of Stellantis North America (formerly Chrysler) and BorgWarner. Before incorporating as a city in 1983, the area was part of the now-defunct Pontiac Township.
University Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Panjab University
Dr Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar University Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Panjab University (formerly known as Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology) is a Department of the state-funded Panjab University, Chandigarh.

State university (India)
In India, state universities are run and funded by the state government of each of the states of India.

Following the adoption of the Constitution of India in 1950, education became a state responsibility. Following a constitutional change in 1976, it became a joint responsibility of the states and the central government.

As of 23 August 2022, the UGC lists 456 state universities.
1939 Griffith by-election
A by-election was held for the Australian House of Representatives seat of Griffith on 20 May 1939. This was triggered by the death of Labor Party MP Frank Baker.

The election was won by Labor candidate William Conelan by eight votes.

Immediately after Baker's death, there was some speculation that Queensland premier, William Forgan Smith would contest the by-election.

William Forgan Smith
William Forgan Smith (15 April 1887 – 25 September 1953) was an Australian politician. He served as Premier of the state of Queensland from 1932 to 1942. He came to dominate politics in the state during the 1930s, and his populism, firm leadership, defence of states' rights and interest in state development make him something of an archetypal Queensland Premier. He represented the Labor Party.
Lucy Wanapuyngu
Lucy Malirrimurruwuy Armstrong Wanapuyngu (born 1 July 1955) is an Aboriginal Australian master fibre artist. She is an elder of the Gapuwiyak community, and is heavily involved in the transmission of knowledge dealing with fibre works. She has worked with anthropologist Louise Hamby, since 1995, and many of her works have been spotlighted at different art festivals, collections, galleries, and museums.

Kluge-Ruhe Aboriginal Art Collection
The Kluge-Ruhe Aboriginal Art Collection of the University of Virginia houses one of the finest Indigenous Australian art collections in the world, rivaling many of the collections held in Australia. It is the only museum outside Australia dedicated solely to Indigenous Australian art. The director of the Kluge-Ruhe Aboriginal Art Collection is Nici Cumpston OAM (Barkandji).

The collection includes many important paintings of the Papunya Tula movement and Arnhem Land artists and comprises more than 3600 objects in a variety of media, including bark and acrylic paintings, sculpture, photography, prints and artifacts, most dating from 1940 onward. The museum has two gallery spaces where exhibitions drawn from the collection as well as works on loan are on view. The exhibitions change every 6 months to a year.

The museum is located at Pantops Farm, a university-owned property once owned by Thomas Jefferson in the Pantops neighborhood of Charlottesville, Virginia.
Ghostland Observatory
Ghostland Observatory is an American music duo based in Austin, Texas, United States. Their music has been described as a combination of electro, rock and funk by Allmusic, and "electro-dance soul rock" by Gothamist.

Front man Aaron Behrens provides vocals in addition to occasionally playing the guitar. Thomas Ross Turner plays the drums or synthesizer.

Austin City Limits
Austin City Limits is an American live music television program recorded and produced by Austin PBS. The show helped Austin become widely known in the United States as the "Live Music Capital of the World", and is the only television show to receive the National Medal of Arts, which it was awarded in 2003. It also won a rare institutional Peabody Award in 2011 "for its more than three decades of presenting and preserving eclectic American musical genres". Austin City Limits is produced by Austin PBS under the Capital of Texas Public Telecommunications Council. The show was created in 1974 by Bill Arhos, Bruce Scafe, and Paul Bosner.

Beginning in season 15 (1990), Austin City Limits began broadcasting in Dolby Surround, and continued until season 24 (1999). From 1976 to 2004 (seasons 1-29), the show was broadcast in NTSC. From 2004 to 2007 (seasons 30-32), the show was broadcast in HDTV 720p. Beginning in season 33 (2007–2008), the show began broadcasting in widescreen 1080i.
Doris Laine
Doris Laine (from 1952, Laine-Almi; 31 October 1931 — 15 December 2018) was an internationally recognised Finnish ballet dancer, dance choreographer and pedagog, who later held several prominent leadership positions in dance and the wider performing arts. She is regarded as one of the most influential people in Finnish dance.

Ballet dancer
A ballet dancer is a person who practices the art of classical ballet. Both females and males can practice ballet. They rely on years of extensive training and proper technique to become a part of a professional ballet company. Ballet dancers are at a high risk of injury due to the demanding technique of ballet.
Raising (syntax)
In linguistics, raising constructions involve the movement of an argument from an embedded or subordinate clause to a matrix or main clause. A raising predicate/verb appears with a syntactic argument that is not its semantic argument but rather the semantic argument of an embedded predicate. In other words, the sentence is expressing something about a phrase taken as a whole.  For example, in they seem to be trying, "to be trying" (the predicand of trying) is the subject of seem. English has raising constructions, unlike some other languages.

The term raising has its origins in the transformational analysis of such constructions; the constituent in question is seen as being "raised" from its initial deep structure position, as the subject of the embedded predicate, to its surface structure position in the matrix predicate/verb. Raising predicates/verbs are related to control predicates, although there are important differences between the two predicate/verb types.

Independent clause
In traditional grammar, an independent clause (or main clause) is a clause that can stand by itself as a simple sentence. An independent clause contains a subject and a predicate and makes sense by itself.

Independent clauses can be joined by using a semicolon or by using a comma followed by a coordinating conjunction (and, but, for, or, nor, so, yet, etc.).
2024 Pac-12 Conference men's basketball tournament
The 2024 Pac-12 Conference men's basketball tournament (branded as the 2024 Pac-12 Men's Basketball Tournament presented by Acura for sponsorship reasons) was a postseason men's basketball tournament for the Pac-12 Conference held March 13–16, 2024, at T-Mobile Arena on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada. The winner of the tournament, Oregon, received the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA tournament. Following conference realignments in which the Pac-12 lost most of the teams except for Washington State and Oregon State, there were no men's basketball conference tournaments in 2025 and 2026. The conference planned to play a 2027 tournament.

Las Vegas Strip
The Las Vegas Strip is a stretch of Las Vegas Boulevard in Clark County, Nevada, that is known for its concentration of resort hotels and casinos. The Strip, as it is known, is about 4.2 mi (6.8 km) long, and is immediately south of the Las Vegas city limits in the unincorporated towns of Paradise and Winchester, but is often referred to simply as "Las Vegas".

Many of the largest hotel casino and resort properties in the world are on the Strip. Its hotels, casinos, restaurants, residential high-rises, entertainment offerings, and skyline have established the Strip as one of the most popular and iconic tourist destinations in the world and is one of the driving forces for Las Vegas's economy. Most of the Strip has been designated as an All-American Road, and the North and South Las Vegas Strip routes are classified as Nevada Scenic Byways and National Scenic Byways.
Transsphenoidal surgery
Transsphenoidal surgery is a type of surgery in which an endoscope or surgical instruments are inserted into part of the brain by going through the nose and the sphenoid bone (a butterfly-shaped bone forming the anterior inferior portion of the brain case) into the sphenoidal sinus cavity. Transsphenoidal surgery is used to remove tumors of the pituitary gland. (Such tumours, although within the skull, are outside the brain itself).

Sphenoid sinus
The sphenoid sinus is a paired paranasal sinus in the body of the sphenoid bone. It is one pair of the four paired paranasal sinuses. The two sphenoid sinuses are separated from each other by a septum. Each sphenoid sinus communicates with the nasal cavity via the opening of sphenoidal sinus.: 500  The two sphenoid sinuses vary in size and shape, and are usually asymmetrical.
Methylamine dehydrogenase (amicyanin)
Methylamine dehydrogenase (amicyanin) (EC 1.4.9.1, MADH, amine dehydrogenase, primary-amine dehydrogenase, methylamine:amicyanin oxidoreductase (deaminating)) catalyzes the reduction of copper-dependent electron-carrier amicyanin via oxidation of methylamine to formaldehyde.

This reaction requires the post-translational formation of a tryptophan tryptophylquinone (TTQ) cofactor. MADH forms a tetramer of two light-chain and two heavy-chain protomers. The TTQ cofactor is located in the light-chain and is formed from oxidative coupling between Trp57 and Trp108 (Paracoccus denitrificans numbering) catalyzed by the diheme enzyme MauG.

In P. denitrificans, methylamine dehydrogenase transiently forms a ternary complex to catalyze methylamine-dependent cytochrome c-551i reduction. Within this complex, electrons are transferred from the TTQ cofactor of MADH to the Type 1 copper center of amicyanin, and then to the heme of the cytochrome.

Cytochrome
Cytochromes are redox-active proteins containing a heme, with a central iron (Fe) atom at its core, as a cofactor. They are involved in the electron transport chain and redox catalysis. They are classified according to the type of heme and its mode of binding. Four varieties are recognized by the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (IUBMB), cytochromes a, cytochromes b, cytochromes c and cytochrome d.

Cytochrome function is linked to the reversible redox change from ferrous (Fe(II)) to the ferric (Fe(III)) oxidation state of the iron found in the heme core.  In addition to the classification by the IUBMB into four cytochrome classes, several additional classifications such as cytochrome o and cytochrome P450 can be found in biochemical literature.
Endothenia hebesana
Endothenia hebesana, the verbena bud moth, is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Massachusetts, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, Florida, Texas, Ohio, Indiana, Missouri, California, British Columbia, Alberta, Manitoba and Ontario. The habitat consists of black spruce-sphagnum bogs.

The length of the forewings is 5-8.2 mm for both sexes. The forewings vary from dusky brown to clay. Adults are on wing from late April to mid-June in one or multiple generations per year depending on the latitude.

The larvae feed on the seeds of Antirrhinum, Gentiana, Gerardia, Iris, Orthocarpus, Penstemon, Physostegia, Solidago, Stachys, Teucrium, Tigridia, Verbascum, Verbena, Veronica, Sarracenia, Scrophularia and Scutellaria species. There are five larval instars. Instars four and five overwinter in the flower stalks of the host plant. Pupation takes place in late May.

Tigridia
Tigridia /taɪˈɡrɪdiə/, is a genus of bulbous or cormous flowering plants belonging to the family Iridaceae. With common names including peacock flowers, tiger flowers, jaguar flowers, or shell flowers, they have large showy flowers; and one species, Tigridia pavonia, is often cultivated for this. The approximately 60 species in this family grow in the Americas, from Mexico down to Chile.

The tigridia flower is short lived, each often blooming for only one day, but often several flowers will bloom from the same stalk. Usually they are dormant during the winter dry-season. The roots are edible and were eaten by the Aztecs of Mexico who called it cacomitl, and its flower ocēlōxōchitl meaning "jaguar flower".

It was first published by French botanist Antoine Laurent de Jussieu in his book Genera plantarum on page 57 in 1789.

The genus name Tigridia means "tiger-like", and alludes to the coloration and spotting of the flowers of the type species Tigridia pavonia.
Midland Challenge Cup
The Midland Challenge Cup was an annual professional golf tournament played in the English Midlands. The event was organised by the Midlands Region of the Professional Golfers' Association and ran from 1903 to 1961. For most of its existence it acted as the Midland section qualifying event for the News of the World Match Play. Sectional qualification was discontinued after 1961 and the event was not held again.

Wilfrid Reid
Wilfrid Ewart "Wilfie" Reid (3 November 1884 – 24 November 1973) was an English professional golfer and golf course designer. Reid was born in Bulwell, Nottingham, England, and died in West Palm Beach, Florida, United States. He posted three top-10 finishes in major championship tournaments.