hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Minneapolis Grain Exchange
The Minneapolis Grain Exchange (MGEX) is a commodities and futures exchange of grain products. It was formed in 1881 in Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States as a regional cash marketplace to promote fair trade and to prevent trade abuses in wheat, oats and corn. MGEX became a subsidiary of Miami International Holdings after the two companies merged in 2020.

MGEX has been the principal market for Hard Red Spring Wheat (HRSW) since 1881, offering futures and options contracts based on its unique commodity. HRSW is one of the highest-protein wheats. It is found in bagels, pizzas, high-quality breads and cereals, and some noodles and cookies. It is planted mostly in the U.S. Northern Plains and the Canadian Prairies.

Option (finance)
In finance, an option is a contract which conveys to its owner, the holder, the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell a specific quantity of an underlying asset or instrument at a specified strike price on or before a specified date, depending on the style of the option.

Options are typically acquired by purchase, as a form of compensation, or as part of a complex financial transaction. Thus, they are also a form of asset (or contingent liability) and have a valuation that may depend on a complex relationship between underlying asset price, time until expiration, market volatility, the risk-free rate of interest, and the strike price of the option.

Options may be traded between private parties in over-the-counter (OTC) transactions, or they may be exchange-traded in live, public markets in the form of standardized contracts.
Lucile Eaves
Lucile Eaves (January 9, 1869 – January 20, 1953) was an American sociologist, university professor, and activist. She taught at Stanford University, the University of Nebraska, and Simmons College. She studied and advocated for the working class, women with disabilities, and labor law.

Simmons University
Simmons University (previously Simmons College) is a private university in Boston, Massachusetts, United States. It was established in 1899 by clothing manufacturer John Simmons. In 2018, it reorganized its structure and changed its name to a university. Its undergraduate program is women-focused while its graduate programs are co-educational.

Simmons is accredited by the New England Commission of Higher Education. In 2020, it accepted 83 percent of applicants for undergraduate admission. The university is divided into two campuses in the Fenway-Kenmore neighborhood totaling 12 acres (4.9 ha), one of which has five academic buildings and the other of which has nine Georgian-style residential buildings.

As of fall 2025, the university enrolled 1,675 undergraduates and 3,673 graduate students. Its athletics teams compete in NCAA Division III as the Sharks.
Creery
Creery is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andrew McCreight Creery (1863–1942), Irish-born financial, real estate, and insurance agent and political figure in Canada

Leslie Creery (1783–1849), Anglican priest in Ireland

Andrew McCreight Creery
Andrew McCreight Creery (June 2, 1863 – February 14, 1942) was an Irish-born financial, real estate and insurance agent and political figure in British Columbia. He represented Vancouver City in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia from 1924 to 1928 as a Provincial Party member. He did not seek a second term in the Legislature in either the 1928 provincial election or a subsequent election.
Valparaiso University School of Law
The Valparaiso University Law School was the law school of Valparaiso University, a private university in Valparaiso, Indiana. Founded in 1879, the school was accredited by the American Bar Association in 1929 and admitted to the Association of American Law Schools in 1930. In October 2016, the ABA censured the school for admitting applicants who did not appear capable of satisfactorily completing the school's program of legal education and being admitted to the bar. One year later, the school suspended admissions and shut down after the last class graduated in 2020.

Valparaiso, Indiana
Valparaiso (/ˌvælpəˈreɪzoʊ/ VAL-pə-RAY-zoh), colloquially Valpo, is a city in and the county seat of Porter County, Indiana, United States. The population was 34,151 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Chicago metropolitan area.
Dejen Aviation Engineering Industry
The Dejen Aviation Engineering Industry (DAVI)  is a center for overhauling and upgrading military aircraft. Its primary objective is to provide depot level maintenance and carry out upgrading/modification to the fleet of the Ethiopian Air Force. It is one of the Defense organizations of the Ethiopian Defense Industry under the Ministry of Defense.

Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23
The Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23 (Russian: Микоян и Гуревич МиГ-23; NATO reporting name: Flogger) is a single-engined, supersonic, variable-geometry fighter aircraft, designed by the Mikoyan-Gurevich design bureau in the Soviet Union. It is a third-generation jet fighter, alongside similar Soviet aircraft such as the Su-17 "Fitter". It was the first Soviet fighter to field a look-down/shoot-down radar, the RP-23 Sapfir, and one of the first to be armed with beyond-visual-range missiles. Production started in 1969 and reached large numbers with over 5,000 aircraft built, making it the most produced variable-sweep wing aircraft in history. The MiG-23 remains in limited service with some export customers.

The basic design was also used as the basis for the Mikoyan MiG-27, a dedicated ground-attack variant. Among many minor changes, the MiG-27 replaced the MiG-23's nose-mounted radar system with an optical panel holding a laser designator and a TV camera.
Austrian Open Kitzbühel
The Generali Open Kitzbühel, sponsored by Generali and originally known as the Austrian International Championships (1894–1968), is an annual tennis tournament held in Kitzbühel, Austria. The event was part of the ATP World Series from the creation of ATP World Tour until 1998, International Series Gold from 1999 to 2008, and ATP World Tour 250 series in 2009. It was downgraded to the ATP Challenger Tour in 2010, replaced by the Open de Nice Côte d'Azur, before regaining top tour status in 2011 once again, as part of the ATP 250 series. The tournament has been held, since 1894, on clay courts and is the sixth oldest tennis tournament in the world.

ATP 500 tournaments
The ATP 500 tournaments (previously known as the ATP World Tour 500 tournaments, ATP International Series Gold, and ATP Championship Series) are the fourth-highest tier of annual men's tennis tournaments, after the four Grand Slam tournaments, ATP Finals, and the ATP Masters 1000 events. The winners of each tournament are awarded 500 ranking points—which accounts for the name of the series.

As of 2025, the series includes 16 tournaments, which have draws of 32 for singles (except for the Washington Open: 48) and 16 for doubles. Leading players must enter at least four 500 events, including at least one after the US Open; if they play fewer than four, or fail to play in one after the US Open they get a "zero" score towards their world ranking for each one short.

Roger Federer has won the most ATP 500 singles titles (24), while Daniel Nestor has won the most doubles titles (20).
Ben Bulatao
Ben Bulatao, ACE, is a Filipino-American film/television editor. He is best known for his work on Deadliest Catch, Coal,  Orlando Bloom: To the Edge, and Dancing with the Stars.

Bulatao's work on the Discovery Channel's docuseries, Deadliest Catch, has been nominated six times for the Primetime Emmy Award.

Coal (TV series)
Coal  is an American reality television series that aired on Spike. The series debuted on March 30, 2011. The series portrayed the real life events on a coal mine in Westchester, West Virginia, and the inherent dangers involved.

The series was later premiered in the UK on November 8, 2011, via the Discovery Channel UK. It featured owner Mike Crowder along with several employees involved in the mining operation.
Kate Claghorn
Kate Holladay Claghorn (c. 1864 – May 22, 1938) was an American sociologist, economist, statistician, legal scholar, and Progressive Era activist, who became one of the founders of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.

Columbia University School of Social Work
The Columbia University School of Social Work (also referred to as the Columbia School of Social Work) is the graduate school of social work of Columbia University in New York City. It is one of the oldest social work programs in the US, with roots extending back to 1898. It began awarding a Master of Science degree in 1940. As of 2018, it was one of the largest social work schools in the United States, with an enrollment of over 1,000 students.
Pest house
A pest house, plague house, pesthouse or fever shed was a type of building used for persons afflicted with communicable diseases such as tuberculosis, cholera, smallpox or typhus. Often used for forcible quarantine, many towns and cities had one or more pesthouses accompanied by a cemetery or a waste pond nearby for disposal of the dead.

Waste pond
A waste pond or chemical pond is a small impounded water body used for the disposal of water pollutants, and sometimes utilized as a method of recycling or decomposing toxic substances.  Such waste ponds may be used for regular disposal of pollutant materials or may be used as upset receivers for special pollution events. Often, chemical ponds themselves are addressed for cleanup action after their useful life is over or when a risk of groundwater contamination arises. Contamination of waterways and groundwater can be damaging to human, animal and environmental health. These health effects bring into question the best engineering solutions to mitigate waste ponds' environmental impact.
Danzi
Danzi or D'Anzi is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Francesca Lebrun, née Danzi (1756 – 1791), 18th-century a German singer and composer

Franz Danzi (Franz Ignaz Danzi) (1763 – 1826), German cellist, composer and conductor
Danzi Quintet, a Dutch wind quintet

Margarethe Danzi, née Marchand (1768 – 1800), German composer and soprano; wife of Franz

Gianni Danzi (1940 – 2007), an Italian Roman Catholic Archbishop of the Territorial Prelature of Loreto

Giovanni D'Anzi (1906, Milan – 1974), Italian songwriter

Carmelo D'Anzi (born 1956, Messina), Italian-American football coach and player

Gianni Danzi
Gianni Danzi (January 25, 1940 – October 2, 2007) was an Italian Catholic Archbishop of the Territorial Prelature of Loreto. He was born in Viggiù, Varese province, Italy. Danzi died in October 2007 at the age of 67 at his parents' house in Barasso after a long fight with cancer.

Gianni Danzi was born in Viggiù on 25 January 1940. He was ordained a priest of Lugano, Switzerland. on 17 December 1966.
On 2 May 1996 he was appointed Secretary of the Governatorate of Vatican City State, and on 5 May 1996 he was appointed Titular Bishop of Castello. 
He was ordained Bishop on 24 May 1996.
On 22 February he was appointed Archbishop (Personal Title) of Loreto, Italy.
He died on 2 October 2007.
Men's hammer throw world record progression
The following table shows progression of the world record in the men's hammer throw, as recognised by the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF). The first world record in the event was recognised by the IAAF in 1913. As of June 21, 2009, 45 world records have been ratified by the IAAF in the event.

Hammer throw
The hammer throw (Abbreviated as HT) is one of the four throwing events in regular outdoor track-and-field competitions, along with the discus throw, shot put and javelin.

The hammer used in this sport is not like any of the tools also called by that name. It consists of a metal ball attached by a steel wire to a grip. These three components are each separate and can move independently. Both the size and weight of the ball vary between men's and women's events. The men's hammer weighs 7.26 kilograms (16 lb) for college and professional meets; the women's hammer weighs 4 kilograms (8.8 lb).
Isaac Cox Cobblestone Farmstead
Isaac Cox Cobblestone Farmstead, also known as the Letson Farm, is a historic home and farm complex located in the town of Wheatland near Scottsville in Monroe County, New York. The complex includes a Federal style cobblestone farmhouse built about 1838. It is constructed of small to medium-sized field cobbles and is one of seven surviving cobblestone buildings in the town of Wheatland.  Also on the expansive property are a pair of Wells truss barns, 19th century combination corn crib / pig sty, and small 19th century smokehouse.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.

Smokehouse
A smokehouse (North American) or smokery (British) is a building where meat or fish is cured with smoke. The finished product might be stored in the building, sometimes for a year or more. Even when smoke is not used, such a building—typically a subsidiary building—is sometimes referred to as a "smokehouse".  When smoke is not used, the term meathouse or meat house is common.
Batman (surname)
Batman is an English surname. It has no connection to the fictional superhero, except that it may also be related to the mammal. Bateman, Baitman and Battman all have the same origin, and the earliest known version may be Bathemanus, recorded as a given name in 1222. They all derive from the personal name Bat(t)(e), which was likely a short form of Bartholomew, used in honor of the apostle, but it could also have come from the Germanic Bertram or an unattested Old English name meaning “cudgel”. The Bat spelling in particular could even refer to the animal. The “man” suffix may be simply hypocoristic, or it may mean "a friend or servant of [Bat]”.

Hypocorism
A hypocorism (/haɪˈpɒkərɪzəm/ hy-POK-ər-iz-əm or /ˌhaɪpəˈkɒrɪzəm/ HY-pə-KORR-iz-əm; from Ancient Greek ὑποκόρισμα hypokórisma; sometimes also hypocoristic), or pet name, is a name used to show affection for a person. It may be a diminutive form of a person's name, such as Izzy for Isabel or Bob for Robert, or it may be unrelated.
Qiwllaqucha (Abancay)
Qiwllaqucha (Quechua qillwa, qiwlla, qiwiña gull, qucha lake, "gull lake", also spelled Keullacocha) is a small lake in Peru located in the Apurímac Region, Abancay Province, Circa District, southwest of the mountain Pituni.

Department of Apurímac
Apurímac (Spanish pronunciation: [apuˈɾimak])  is a department of Peru. Located in the southern-central part of the country, it is bordered on the east by Cuzco, on the west by Ayacucho, and on the south by the Arequipa and Ayacucho. It is administered by a regional government and its capital city is Abancay.
Unity Pond
Unity Pond (Lake Winnecook) is the largest lake in Waldo County, Maine. It is within the towns of Unity, Burnham, and Troy. The main tributaries are Meadow Brook, Bithers Brook, and Carlton Stream. The sole outflow is Twenty-Five Mile Stream, via a wetlands to the southwest of the lake, which in turn feeds into the Sebasticook River. The lake is surrounded by almost 300 residences, of which slightly more than half are seasonal. It is also used for boating, fishing, camping, and swimming. Kanokolus Beach on the southwest shore and Burnham Town Beach are both open to the public.

Waldo County, Maine
Waldo County is a county in the state of Maine, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 39,607.  Its county seat is Belfast. The county was founded on February 7, 1827, from a portion of Hancock County and named after Brigadier-General Samuel Waldo, proprietor of the Waldo Patent.
Before the Worst
"Before the Worst" is a song by the Irish band the Script, released as the fifth and final single from their self-titled debut album. The single peaked within the top 10 in Australia and was certified Platinum; in their home country of Ireland, "Before the Worst" peaked at 37. A music video was filmed in Belfast, Northern Ireland, and premiered on Channel 4 as part of T4.

T4 (Channel 4)
T4 was a programming block on Channel 4 (T4 Saturday usually 9 am until 2 pm) and E4 (T4 Sunday usually 9 am until 5 pm) that was targeted at the 16–24 age group. It also aired on weekdays in the school holidays and often featured studio segments such as interviews with celebrity guests, live music and phone-in competitions interwoven by in-vision continuity presenters linking to a selection of both British and imported shows.

On 12 October 2012, Channel 4 announced that it would be axing T4 as part of a move to refresh the network's youth programming  at the end of December 2012. The show ended on 29 December 2012.
Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience
Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience is a bimonthly peer-reviewed medical journal published by IOS Press that was established in 1989. The editor-in-chief is Bernhard A. Sabel (Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg), covering pre-clinical or clinical research in the fields of neurology, neuroscience, and neuroregeneration. Formats of publication include original research reports, review papers, and rapid communications ("letters").

IOS Press
IOS Press is a publishing house headquartered in Amsterdam, specialising in the publication of journals and books related to fields of scientific, technical, and medical (STM) research. It was established in 1987 by Einar Fredriksson with a strong focus on computer science and artificial intelligence. IOS Press has since diversified to include basic sciences and medicine.   IOS Press publishes around 90 international journals and releases about 70 book titles annually, covering fields such as computer science, mathematics, the natural sciences, and topics within medicine.
Execution by firing squad
Execution by firing squad, historically called fusillading (from the French fusil, rifle), is a method of capital punishment, particularly common in the military and in times of war. Some reasons for its use are that firearms are usually readily available and a gunshot to a vital organ, such as the brain or heart, most often will kill relatively quickly.

Schaerbeek
Schaerbeek (French, pronounced [skaʁbek, -bɛk] ⓘ; former Dutch spelling) or Schaarbeek (modern Dutch, pronounced [ˈsxaːrbeːk] ⓘ) is one of the 19 municipalities of the Brussels-Capital Region, Belgium. Located in the north-eastern part of the region, it is bordered by the City of Brussels, Etterbeek, Evere and Saint-Josse-ten-Noode. In common with all of Brussels' municipalities, it is legally bilingual (French–Dutch).

Schaerbeek has a multicultural identity stemming from its diverse population. As of 1 January 2022, the municipality had a population of 130,690 inhabitants. The total area is 7.9 km2 (3.1 sq mi), which gives a population density of 16,540/km2 (42,800/sq mi), twice the average of Brussels.
I Walk on Guilded Splinters
"I Walk on Guilded Splinters" (sometimes "I Walk on Gilded Splinters" or "Walk on Gilded Splinters") is a song written by Mac Rebennack using his pseudonym of Dr. John Creaux. It first appeared as the closing track of his debut album Gris-Gris (1968), credited to Dr. John the Night Tripper. The song has subsequently been performed and recorded by many other musicians, including Widespread Panic, The Neville Brothers, Cher, Marsha Hunt, Johnny Jenkins, Humble Pie, King Swamp, the Allman Brothers Band, Paul Weller, the Flowerpot Men, Michael Brecker, Tedeschi Trucks Band and Jello Biafra.

Gris-Gris
Gris-Gris (stylized as GRIS-gris, /ˈɡriːˌɡriː/, named for a kind of talisman) is the debut album by American musician Dr. John (a.k.a. Mac Rebennack). Produced by Harold Battiste, it was released on Atco Records in 1968. The album introduced Rebennack's Dr. John character, inspired by a reputed 19th century voodoo doctor. The style of Gris-Gris is a hybrid of traditional New Orleans R&B elements and psychedelia. It was recorded in California, albeit with several native New Orleans musicians.

Gris-Gris failed to chart in the United Kingdom and the United States. It was re-issued on compact disc decades later and received much greater praise from modern critics, including being listed at number 143 on the 2003 and 2012 editions and at number 356 on the 2020 edition of Rolling Stone magazine's list of the 500 greatest albums of all time.
20 Forthlin Road
20 Forthlin Road is a National Trust property in Allerton in Liverpool, Merseyside, England. It is the house in which Paul McCartney lived for several years before he rose to fame with the Beatles, and it is labelled by the National Trust as "the birthplace of the Beatles". It was also the home of his brother Mike and the birthplace of the trio the Scaffold, of which Mike was a member.

The Scaffold
The Scaffold are a comedy, poetry and music trio from Liverpool, England, consisting of musical performer Mike McGear, poet Roger McGough and comic entertainer John Gorman. They are perhaps most notable for their successful singles "Thank U Very Much" (1967) and the UK Christmas number 1 "Lily the Pink" (1968). Since initially disbanding in 1977, the group have occasionally re-formed for performances and projects.
Shijiazhuang Gongfu F.C.
Shijiazhuang Gongfu Football Club (Chinese: 石家庄功夫足球俱乐部; pinyin: Shíjiāzhuāng Gōngfu Zúqiú Jùlèbù; lit. 'Shijiazhuang Kung Fu F.C.') is a Chinese professional football club based in Shijiazhuang, Hebei, that competes in China League One, the second tier of Chinese football. Shijiazhuang Gongfu plays its home matches at the Yutong International Sports Center, located within Chang'an District.

Chang'an, Shijiazhuang
Chang'an District (simplified Chinese: 长安区; traditional Chinese: 長安區; pinyin: Cháng'ān Qū; lit. 'Perpetual Peace') is one of eight districts of the prefecture-level city of Shijiazhuang, the capital of Hebei Province, North China, located in the northeast of the urban core of the city. The area is 110.24 km2 (42.56 sq mi). There are 426,500 residents, among which 109,700 residents are farmers. The leading pharmaceutical manufacturer in China, North China Pharmaceutical Group Corp (NCPC) located in Chang'an District, Shijiazhang.

Hebei Airlines has its corporate headquarters in the Shijiazhuang World Trade Plaza Hotel (石家庄世贸广场酒店; 石家莊世貿廣場酒店; Shíjiāzhuāng Shìmào Guǎngchǎng Jiǔdiàn) in Chang'an District.
History of St. Mary's Church (Dedham, Massachusetts)
The history of St. Mary's Church  in Dedham, Massachusetts begins with the first mass said in Dedham, Massachusetts in 1843 and runs to the present day.

From the first mass with only eight Catholics present, St. Mary's grew into one of the largest parishes in the Archdiocese of Boston.  The first church constructed by the congregation was quickly outgrown, and so a second church was built on High Street.  Designed to be a "cathedral in the wilderness," it is "the largest and most imposing church in the town" and "one of the most conspicuous edifices" in the town.

Several parishes have grown out of St. Mary's, most recently St. Susanna's.  Today it has a large Life Teen program, and over 40 other programs for parishioners.

John Joseph Williams
John Joseph Williams (April 27, 1822 – August 30, 1907) was an American bishop of the Roman Catholic Church. He was the fourth bishop and the first archbishop of the Archdiocese of Boston, serving between 1866 and his death in 1907.