hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Second McDonald ministry
The Second McDonald Ministry was the 58th ministry of the Government of Victoria, which consisted of members of the Country Party. It was led by the Premier of Victoria, John McDonald, and Deputy Premier Keith Dodgshun.

The ministry was formed when the Governor of Victoria, Sir Dallas Brooks, asked McDonald to form an interim government after dismissing the ministry of Thomas Hollway's electoral reform group which had been in government for just seventy hours, and calling an election. McDonald's government was also short-lived, lasting 47 days (31 October to 17 December 1952) until it was defeated at the state election in December by the Labor Party under John Cain.

Keith Dodgshun
Keith Dodgshun (31 July 1893 – 12 May 1971) was a politician in Victoria, Australia. He was a member of the Victorian Legislative Assembly for just under 17 years, representing the electorates of Ouyen and Rainbow for the Country Party from 1938 to 1955.
Lake MacDonnell
Lake MacDonnell is a salt lake on western Eyre Peninsula near the Nullarbor Plain. The closest town is Penong, 13 kilometres (8 miles) to the north. It is the site of a former salt mine, now the largest gypsum mine in Australia on the largest gypsum deposit in the southern hemisphere. Salt is still mined but as a secondary product.

Nullarbor Plain
The Nullarbor Plain (/ˈnʌlərbɔːr/ NUL-ər-bor; Latin: nulla feminine of nullus 'no' and arbor 'tree') is part of the area of flat, almost treeless, arid or semi-arid country of southern Australia, located on the Great Australian Bight coast with the Great Victoria Desert to its north. It is the world's largest single exposure of limestone bedrock, and occupies an area of about 200,000 square kilometres (77,000 sq mi). At its widest point, it stretches about 1,100 kilometres (684 mi) from east to west across the border between South Australia and Western Australia.
Punjab Town
Punjab Town (Urdu: پنجاب ٹاؤن) is one of the neighbourhoods of Shah Faisal Town in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.

There are several ethnic groups in Punjab Town including Muhajirs, Sindhis, Kashmiris, Seraikis, Pakhtuns, Balochis, Memons, Bohras,  Ismailis, etc. Over 99% of the population is Muslim. The population of Shah Faisal Town is estimated to be nearly one million.

There is a small bazaar from where the daily need things are available. There is one Jamia Masjid Named Tayiba Masjid in the center of Punjab Town.

Kashmiris
Kashmiri people (Kashmiri pronunciation: [kəːʃirʲ]) are an Indo-Aryan ethnolinguistic group speaking the Kashmiri language and originating from the Kashmir Valley region, which is located in Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir.
Pedro Helías
Pedro Helías (or Elías; died 1149) was the Archbishop of Santiago de Compostela from 1143 until his death. Prior to becoming archbishop he was a canon of the cathedral of Saint James from 1102, serving as its dean in 1122–24.

Pedro and his relative Bernardo—a fellow canon, engineer, archivist and royal chancellor—were both protégés of Archbishop Diego Gelmírez, but later they fell out with him. In 1116–17 they jointed the municipal revolt of Compostela against the policies of the archbishop. During the unrest, the archbishop's brother, Gudesindo, was killed.

After Diego's death in 1140, Pedro was the candidate favoured by the chapter and the city, but King Alfonso VII tried to force the election of Berengar, former bishop of Salamanca. The royal choice was resisted. Pedro went to Rome, where he received confirmation from Pope Innocent II in 1141. It was not until 1143, however, that Pedro was recognised by the king.

Santiago de Compostela
Santiago de Compostela, alternatively abbreviated to Santiago or Compostela, is the capital of the autonomous community of Galicia, Spain. It is located in the province of A Coruña, in the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula. The city has its origin in the shrine of Saint James the Great, now the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela, as the destination of the Way of St. James, a leading Catholic pilgrimage route since the 9th century. In 1985, the city's Old Town was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Santiago de Compostela has a very mild climate for its latitude with heavy winter rainfall courtesy of its relative proximity to the prevailing winds from Atlantic low-pressure systems.
Prakash Veer
Prakash Veer (born 25 December 1966) is an Indian politician and a member of Bihar Legislative Assembly from the Rajauli Assembly constituency. He was elected in 2015, again in 2020, but lost in 2025 to Vimal Rajbanshi, who ran as a LJP(RV) candidate. He was a member of the Rashtriya Janata Dal and new political party founded by Tej Pratap Yadav named Janshakti Janata Dal.

Bihar Legislative Assembly
The Bihar Legislative Assembly (ISO: Bihār Vidhān Sabhā), is the lower house of the bicameral Bihar Legislature of the state of Bihar in India. The first state elections were held in 1952.

Before the partition of Bihar, the total strength of membership in the assembly was 331, including one nominated member. After the partition, the seats were reduced to 243 members. Shri Krishna Singh became the first leader of the House and the first chief minister, Anugrah Narayan Singh was elected as the first deputy leader of the house and the first deputy chief minister.
1977 WCT Tournament of Champions – Singles
In the inaugural edition of the tournament, Harold Solomon won the title by defeating Ken Rosewall 6–5(7–5), 6–2, 2–6, 0–6, 6–3 in the final.

The tournament was played in three stages. The preliminary draw was played at the World of Tennis Resort in Lakeway, Texas, with the top half being played in March and the bottom half being played in July. The final match was played at the Madison Square Garden in New York City, New York. The final was played with so-called television rules: no-ad scoring (first player to reach four points wins the game) and tiebreaks at 5-all.

Harold Solomon
Harold Solomon (born September 17, 1952) is an American former professional tennis player who played during the 1970s and 1980s. He achieved a career-high world ranking of No. 5 in singles in 1980, and of No. 4 in doubles in 1976. Over the course of his career, he won 22 singles titles.

Solomon was inducted into the Intercollegiate Tennis Association (ITA) Hall of Fame, the USTA Mid Atlantic Section Hall of Fame, the D.C. Sports Hall of Fame, and the International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame.
S.V. Cosmos
Sport Vereniging Cosmos, known as SV Cosmos, is a Surinamese football club. They play their home games in Paramaribo at the Frank Essed Stadium.

They were relegated from the Hoofdklasse in 2006–07 and again relegated, from the Eerste Klasse, the following season. The club were formerly known as S.V. Road, before changing their name to Cosmos.

SVB Tweede Divisie
The SVB Tweede Divisie is third-highest division overall in the Surinamese football league system after the SVB Eerste Divisie, where the top club is promoted to each season. The weakest club is relegated to the Derde Divisie. The league was previously known as the SVB Eerste Klasse but became the Eerste Divisie for the 2016–17 season after Suriname's top division changed its name from Hoofdklasse to Topklasse, only to be rebranded as the Tweede Divisie for the 2017–18 season.

The competition was founded in 1923.
Angelica
Angelica is a genus of about 90 species of tall biennial and perennial herbs in the family Apiaceae, native to temperate and subarctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere, reaching as far north as Iceland, Sápmi, and Greenland. They grow to 1–3 m (3 ft 3 in – 9 ft 10 in) tall, with large bipinnate leaves and large compound umbels of white or greenish-white flowers. It shows variations in fruit anatomy, leaf morphology, and subterranean structures. The genes are extremely polymorphic.

Some species can be found in purple moor and rush pastures.

Umbel
In botany, an umbel is an inflorescence that consists of a number of short flower stalks (called pedicels) that spread from a common point, somewhat like umbrella ribs. The word was coined in botanical usage in the 1590s, from Latin umbella "parasol, sunshade". The arrangement can vary from being flat-topped to almost spherical. Umbels can be simple or compound. The secondary umbels of compound umbels are known as umbellules or umbellets. A small umbel is called an umbellule. The arrangement of the inflorescence in umbels is referred to as umbellate, or occasionally subumbellate (almost umbellate).

Umbels are a characteristic of plants such as carrot, parsley, dill, and fennel in the family Apiaceae; ivy, Aralia and Fatsia in the family Araliaceae; and onion (Allium) in the family Alliaceae.

An umbel is a type of indeterminate inflorescence.
A compressed cyme, which is a determinate inflorescence, is called umbelliform if it resembles an umbel.
German colonization of Valdivia, Osorno and Llanquihue
From 1850 to 1875, some 30,000 German immigrants settled in the region around Valdivia, Osorno and Llanquihue in Southern Chile as part of a state-led colonization scheme. Some of these immigrants had left Europe in the aftermath of the German revolutions of 1848–49. They brought skills and assets as artisans, farmers and merchants to Chile, contributing to the nascent country's economic and industrial development.

The German colonization of Valdivia, Osorno and Llanquihue is considered the first of three waves of German settlement in Chile, the second lasting from 1882 to 1914 and the third from 1918 onward. Settlement by ethnic Germans has had a long-lasting influence on the society, economy and geography of Chile in general and Southern Chile in particular.

Rodolfo Amando Philippi
Rodolfo Amando (or Rudolph Amandus) Philippi (14 September 1808 – 23 July 1904) was a German–Chilean paleontologist and zoologist. Philippi contributed primarily to malacology and paleontology, but also published a major work on Diptera of Chile. His grandson, Rodulfo Amando Philippi Bañados (1905-1969), was also a zoologist and in order to avoid confusion in zoological nomenclature, the elder is referred to as "Philippi [Krumwiede]" to distinguish him from his grandson "Philippi [Bañados]".
X Games 3D: The Movie
X Games 3D: The Movie is an action sports/documentary 3-D film released on August 21, 2009, for one week only. Produced by ESPN Films and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures, the film captures the drama and spectacle that plays out every year at the X Games, highlighting the behind-the-scenes stories of the featured athletes and the sacrifices they make in pursuit of glory and the advancement of their sports on the industry's biggest stage.

Extreme sport
Action sports, adventure sports or extreme sports are activities perceived as involving a high degree of risk of injury or death. These activities often involve speed, height, a high level of physical exertion and highly specialized gear. Extreme tourism overlaps with extreme sport. The two share the same main attraction, "adrenaline rush" caused by an element of risk, and differ mostly in the degree of engagement and professionalism.
Kodër e Kuqe
Kodër e Kuqe ("Red Hill" in Albanian) is a village in the former municipality of Paskuqan in Tirana County, it is named the red hill because of all the deaths and graves that have been built there Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became part of the municipality Kamëz.

Paskuqan
Paskuqan is a city and a municipal unit in Tirana County, central Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became a municipal unit of the municipality of Kamëz. The population as of the 2023 census is 34,398.
Porcia, Friuli-Venezia Giulia
Porcia (pronounced [porˈtʃiːa]) is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Pordenone, in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) west of Pordenone.

Friuli-Venezia Giulia
Friuli-Venezia Giulia (Italian: [friˈuːli veˈnɛttsja ˈdʒuːlja]) is one of the 20 regions of Italy and one of five autonomous regions with special statute. The regional capital is Trieste on the Gulf of Trieste, a bay of the Adriatic Sea.

Friuli-Venezia Giulia has a population of 1,194,095 in an area of 7,924.36 square kilometres (3,059.61 sq mi) as of 2025. A natural opening to the sea for many central European countries, the region is traversed by the major transport routes between the east and west of Southern Europe. It encompasses the historical-geographical region of Friuli and a small portion of the historical region of Venezia Giulia—also known in English as the Julian March—each with its own distinct history, traditions and identity.
Matías Ruiz (composer)
Fray Matías Ruiz (fl. 1665-1702) was a Spanish baroque composer. He was probably the one same Matías Ruiz who was maestro de capilla at León Cathedral in 1665, and then at the Encarnación 1676-1678, and who, still referred to as maestro at the Convent of the Incarnation, Madrid though he no longer could have been, published music for Easter in 1702.

León Cathedral
Santa María de Regla de León Cathedral is a Catholic church, the episcopal see of the diocese of León in the city of León, Castile and León, north-western Spain, consecrated under the name of the Virgin Mary. It was the first monument declared by the Royal Order of Spain on August 28, 1844 (confirmed by the Royal Order on September 24, 1845).

Initiated in the 13th century, it is one of the greatest works of the Gothic style, with French influences. Also known as the Pulchra Leonina, which means ‘Beautiful Leonese’, it is located on the Way of Saint James, or Camino de Santiago.

The León Cathedral is mostly known for taking the “dematerialization” of gothic art to the extreme, that is, the reduction of the walls to their minimum expression to be replaced by stained glass, constituting one of the largest collections of medieval stained glass in the world.
Robert Woodward (priest)
Christianity portal

Robert Woodward (9 June 1653 – 13 February 1702) was an Anglican priest.

Woodward was born in Salford, Bedfordshire and educated at New College, Oxford. He graduated BCL in 1677; and DCL in 1686. He was ordained on 25 September 1681. He was Rector of Pewsey from 1685 until his death. Woodward served as Archdeacon of Wilts from 1681 until 1691; and Dean of Salisbury from then until his death.

Bachelor of Civil Law
Bachelor of Civil Law (abbreviated BCL or B.C.L.; Latin: Baccalaureus Civilis Legis) is the name of various degrees in law conferred by English-language universities. The BCL originated as a postgraduate degree in the universities of Oxford and Cambridge; at Oxford, the BCL continues to be the primary postgraduate taught course in law. It is also taught as an undergraduate degree in other countries. The reference to civil law was not originally in contradistinction to common law, but to canon law, although common law was not taught in the civil law faculties in either university until at least the second half of the 18th century. However, some universities in English-speaking countries use the degree in the former sense.
Convent Bukit Nanas
S.M.K. Convent Bukit Nanas (CBN) is an all-girls school located at Bukit Nanas, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Established in 1899, it is one of the oldest schools in Malaysia, and is one of 30 convent secondary schools in Malaysia. CBN was one of the first schools to be distinguished as a Cluster School of Excellence by the Malaysian Ministry of Education, and has a close relationship with her brother school, St John's Institution, which is located along the same road and is also a Cluster School of Excellence.

On 16 December 2008, Pos Malaysia issued a premium set of four commemorative stamps and first-day cover, honouring four Premier Schools of Malaysia: Convent Bukit Nanas and Victoria Institution in Kuala Lumpur, SMK St. Thomas in Kuching, and SM All Saints in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah for their superiority in academics, sports and extra-curricular activities.

Victoria Institution
The Victoria Institution (commonly known as VI) is an all-boys secondary school in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It is one of the earliest and most prominent secondary schools in the city and was established as a memorial school commemorating the Golden Jubilee of Queen Victoria in 1887..

VI is a secondary school for male students only from Form 1 to 5. Female students are accepted for Form 6 (Lower and Upper) and the students are known as Victorians.
WGOH
WGOH (1370 AM is a radio station licensed to Grayson, Kentucky. WGOH broadcasts a full service mix of classic country and bluegrass music. The station serves northeast Kentucky and is owned by Carter County Broadcasting Co., Inc. WGOH features programming from CBS News Radio and the Kentucky News Network as well as broadcast football and basketball games from both East Carter and West Carter High Schools. The station has won four National Crystal Radio Awards for community service. Former staff included Tom T. Hall (DJ), Jim Phillips (DJ & News Director), Jim's Son Mike Phillips (DJ & Music/Program Director) & Carmel Steven's (DJ). Current staff include Jeff Roe (Station Manager), Matt Shufflebarger (News Director), Mike Nelson (Program Director)

CBS News Radio
CBS News Radio, formerly known as CBS Radio News and historically known as the CBS Radio Network, is a radio network that provides news to more than 1,000 radio stations throughout the United States. The network is owned by Paramount Skydance Corporation.  It is the last of the three original national U.S. radio networks (CBS, NBC Radio Network and Mutual Broadcasting System) still operating and still owned by its original parent company, even though CBS sold its owned and operated radio stations in 2017 to Entercom (now known as Audacy, Inc.). The current NBC Radio Network is owned by iHeartMedia, and licenses use of the NBC name and audio from NBC News.

CBS News Radio is one of the two national news services distributed by Skyview Networks, which transmits national news, talk, music and special event programs, in addition to local news, weather, video news and other information to radio and television stations, as well as traffic reporting services.
USS Gemsbok (1861)
USS Gemsbok was a bark acquired by the Union Navy during the American Civil War. She was used by the Navy as a gunboat, but, later in the war, she was also used as a collier and as a storeship.

Gemsbok was purchased on 7 September 1861 at Boston, Massachusetts, and commissioned on 30 August 1861 at the Boston Navy Yard, Acting Volunteer  Lieutenant Lewis Drake Voorhees in command.

Union navy
The Union navy is used to describe the United States Navy (USN) during the American Civil War, when it fought the Confederate States Navy (CSN). The term is sometimes used to describe vessels of war used on the rivers of the interior under the control of the Union army.
Goldingen
Goldingen is a former municipality in the Wahlkreis (constituency) of See-Gaster in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland.  On 1 January 2013 the former municipalities of Goldingen and St. Gallenkappel merged into the municipality of Eschenbach.

Canton of St. Gallen
The canton of St. Gallen or St Gall (German: Kanton St. Gallen [zaŋkt ˈɡalən] ⓘ; Romansh: Chantun Son Gagl; French: Canton de Saint-Gall; Italian: Canton San Gallo) is a canton of Switzerland. Its capital is St. Gallen.

Located in northeastern Switzerland, the canton has an area of 2,026 km2 (782 sq mi) (5% of Switzerland) and a resident population close to half a million as of 2015 (6% of Switzerland). It was formed in 1803 as a conflation of the city of St. Gallen, the territories of the Abbey of St. Gall and various former subject territories of the Old Swiss Confederacy.
Chrysophyllum flexuosum
Chrysophyllum flexuosum is a tree species in the family Sapotaceae found in Brazil.

It is enlisted in the IUCN Red List conservation dependent species.

Triterpenic lactones can be found in the leaves of C. flexuosum.

Lactone
Lactones are cyclic carboxylic esters. They are derived from the corresponding hydroxycarboxylic acids by esterification. They can be saturated or unsaturated.

Lactones are formed by lactonization, the intramolecular esterification of the corresponding hydroxycarboxylic acids.
The Togliattiazot affair
The Togliattiazot Affair is a series of events connected to criminal proceedings against the owners and executives of the Russian firm Togliattiazot (Toaz) and their foreign partners. The case spanned 14 years, from 2005 to 2019, and resulted in the owners and executives receiving prison sentences of between 8.5 and 9 years. The activity of the involved parties was described as "a threat to [Russia’s] economic activity" by the Chairman of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation, Alexander Bastrykin.

Togliattiazot is the largest ammonia producer in Russia, with an estimated global market share of 7.6%.

TogliattiAzot
TogliattiAzot (Russian: ТольяттиАзот) is a Russian chemical company and has recently been identified as being the world's largest ammonia producer. It is headquartered in Tolyatti, Russia.

TogliattiAzot is one of the largest taxpayers in the Samara region.
Ramseytown, North Carolina
Ramseytown, formerly known as Ramsaytown and Ramsey Town Baptist Church, is an unincorporated community in far northern Yancey County, North Carolina, on the Cane River.

Yancey County's larger Ramseytown Township derives its name from the settlement, and also includes the communities of Bent Creek, Sioux, and White Oak Flats. A portion of the Appalachian Trail runs through the northern part of the township, along the border with Unicoi County, Tennessee.

Unicoi County, Tennessee
Unicoi County (/ˈjuːnɪˌkɔɪ/) is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, the population was 17,928. Its county seat is Erwin. Unicoi is a Cherokee word meaning "white," "hazy," "fog-like," or "fog draped," and refers to the mist often seen in the foothills and mountains of this far northeast county. Unicoi County is part of the Johnson City metropolitan area, which is a component of the "Tri-Cities" region.
Chiang (place name)
Chiang (Thai: เชียง) is a Sino-Tai loanword, from Middle Chinese 城 d͡ʑiᴇŋ, meaning "fort, castle", by extension, “city”. Chiang is part of the names of certain ancient cities and other places located in an area stretching across Northern Thailand, Northern Laos, NE Burma and Southern China. The most important are:

Chiang Mai

Chiang Rai

Chiang Khong

Chiang Saen

Chiang Rung or Chiang Hung, Jinghong in China

Chiang Tung, Kengtung in Shan State, Burma

Chiang Thong, Luang Prabang in Laos

Chiang Kham District

Chiang Khan District

Chiang Dao District

Chiang Khaeng a Lue principality

Kengtung
Kengtung (Shan: ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းတုင် [weŋ˥ keŋ˥ tuŋ˨˦], Thai: เชียงตุง), also spelt Kyaingtong (Burmese: ကျိုင်းတုံမြို့; MLCTS: kyuing: tum mrui.; [tɕáɪɰ̃ tòʊɰ̃ mjo̰]), classical name Tungapuri, is a city in Shan State, Myanmar (formerly Burma). It is the principal town of Kengtung Township and the former seat of Kengtung State, a minor principality. Kengtung is located on the National Highway 4 (NH4) and at the AH2 and AH3 of the Asian Highway. It is also the largest city and the capital of eastern Shan State, Myanmar.