hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Drum Brae/Gyle (ward)
Drum Brae/Gyle is one of the seventeen wards used to elect members of the City of Edinburgh Council. Established in 2007 along with the other wards, it currently elects three Councillors.

The ward covers an area in the far west of the city, bounded generally by Corstorphine Hill, the Queensferry Road (A90), Maybury Road (A902) and Edinburgh City Bypass (A720) roads, and the Glasgow–Edinburgh via Falkirk line railway; it includes the Bughtlin, Clermiston, Clerwood, Craigmount, Drumbrae, East Craigs, Gogarloch, Maybury, North Gyle, Parkgrove, South Gyle and West Craigs neighbourhoods, as well as the Edinburgh Park commercial district. A minor boundary change in 2017 caused the loss of the Wester Broom neighbourhood and the addition of Forrester with a negligible effect on the population, which in 2019 stood at 23,534.

Forrester, Edinburgh
Forrester is a primarily residential area of Corstorphine, Edinburgh which has its own high school and rugby club. The closest railway stations are at South Gyle and Edinburgh Park, but it is itself wedged between the two railway lines. It is not to be confused with "Forrester Road", which is on the other side of Corstorphine on the slopes of Corstophine Hill. It is named for the Forrester Family, who used to be the lairds of Corstorphine.

The area is featured in the novel Trainspotting by Irvine Welsh.
Birney (Toronto streetcar)
In 1920, the Toronto Civic Railways (TCR) acquired 25 single-truck, double-ended Birney streetcars from the J. G. Brill Company. In 1921, the Toronto Transportation Commission (TTC) acquired all assets of the TCR including the 25 Birney cars. In 1927, the TTC sold 3 of the Birney cars to Cornwall, Ontario and 8 to Halifax, Nova Scotia. In 1941, the remaining 14 Birney cars were sold, again going to Halifax.

The Birney cars were the TCR's first cars that could be operated by a single person. Normally, they could seat 28 passengers with a provision for 32 using folding seats.

Toronto Civic Railways
Toronto Civic Railways (TCR) was a streetcar operator created and owned by the City of Toronto, Ontario, Canada, to serve newly annexed areas of the city that the private operator Toronto Railway Company refused to serve. When the Toronto Railway Company's franchise expired in 1921, its services were combined with those of the Toronto Civic Railways, and are now assumed by the new Toronto Transportation Commission (TTC). The first route of the TCR started operation on December 18, 1912.
Sprigge
Sprigge is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

A. B. S. Sprigge (1906–1980), English sculptor

Elizabeth Sprigge (1900–1979), English novelist and biographer

Joshua Sprigg or Joshua Sprigge (1618–1684), English theologian and preacher

Samuel Squire Sprigge (1860–1937), English physician and medical editor

Sylvia Sprigge (1903–1966), British journalist and author

Timothy Sprigge (1932–2007), British philosopher

William Sprigge (1678–1735), Irish politician

Sylvia Sprigge
Sylvia Sprigge (1903–1966) was a British journalist and writer.

Sprigge and her husband Cecil Sprigge (1896–1959), a prominent Berlin correspondent of The Times, were correspondents for English newspapers in Rome, including the Manchester Guardian from 1943 to 1953. She was also a correspondent in Berlin and authored several books.
Mason County War
The Mason County War, sometimes called the Hoodoo War in reference to masked members of a vigilance committee,: 89  was a period of lawlessness ignited by a "tidal wave of rustling" in Mason County, Texas in 1875 and 1876.: 90  The violence entailed a series of mob lynchings and retaliatory murders involving multiple posses and law enforcement factions, including the Texas Rangers. The conflict took the lives of at least 12 men and resulted in a climate of bitter "national prejudice": 102  against local German-American residents in the following years.: 46

Vigilance committee
A vigilance committee is a group of private citizens who take it upon themselves to administer law and order or exercise power in places where they consider the governmental structures or actions inadequate. Prominent historical examples of vigilance committees engaged in forms of vigilantism include abolitionist committees who, beginning in the 1830s, worked to free enslaved people and aid fugitive slaves, in violation of the laws at the time. However, many other vigilance committees were explicitly grounded in racial prejudice and xenophobia, administering extrajudicial punishment to abolitionists or members of minority groups.
1950 Dunedin mayoral election
The 1950 Dunedin mayoral election was part of the New Zealand local elections held that same year. In 1950, elections were held for the Mayor of Dunedin plus other local government positions including twelve city councillors. The polling was conducted using the standard first-past-the-post electoral method.

Donald Cameron, the incumbent Mayor, declined to run for a third term. He was succeeded by councillor Len Wright who narrowly defeated the Labour Party candidate Hubert Brown. There was also a swing against the Citizens' association on the city council with both the Labour Party and Citizens' tickets winning six seats each.

Donald Cameron (mayor)
Sir Donald Charles Cameron (12 May 1877 – 8 October 1962) was a Dunedin businessman and was Mayor of Dunedin from 1944 to 1950. He was knighted in the 1948 Birthday Honours and received the freedom of the City of Edinburgh in 1949.
Lönsboda
Lönsboda is the second largest locality in Osby Municipality, Scania County, Sweden with 1,903 inhabitants in 2010.

Lönsboda is situated in north-eastern Scania, about 20 km east of the municipal seat Osby and near the region border to Blekinge and Kronoberg.

The community grew up around a railway station which was opened in 1901.

Kronoberg County
Kronoberg County (IPA: [ˈkrûːnʊˌbærj]; Swedish: Kronobergs län) is a county or län in southern Sweden. Kronoberg is one of three counties in the province of Småland. It borders the counties of Skåne, Halland, Jönköping, Kalmar, and Blekinge. Its capital is the city of Växjö. While Kronoberg is an inland county, the southernmost fringes are about 20 kilometres (12 mi) from the coastline.
Tarver
Tarver is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Antonio Tarver (born 1968), American boxer

Clay Tarver (born 1965), American guitarist and writer

Ed Tarver (1959–2024), American attorney and politician

H. Micheal Tarver (born 1958), American author, historian, and professor

Jason Tarver (born 1974), American football coach

John Tarver (born 1949), American football player

Hurley Tarver (born 1975), American football player

Katelyn Tarver (born 1989), American actress and singer

La Schelle Tarver (born 1959), American baseball player

Malcolm C. Tarver (1885–1960), U.S. Representative from Georgia

Mary Tarver Carroll (1885–1955), American writer and clubwoman

Quindon Tarver (1982–2021), African-American singer

Ray Tarver (1921–1972), American dentist and politician

John Tarver
John Tarver (born January 1, 1949) is an American former professional football player who was a running back in the National Football League (NFL) from 1972 to 1975. He played for three seasons with the New England Patriots, and went on to play for the Philadelphia Eagles. He played college football for the Colorado Buffaloes.
Accidents and incidents involving the North American P-51 Mustang
This is a partial list of accidents and incidents involving the North American P-51 Mustang and its variants.  Combat losses are not included except for a very few cases denoted by singular circumstances.  Accidents involving Mustang replicas are not included unless they are faithful to the original design and/or built using original parts.

The P-51 Mustang was first flown in 1940, and it went on to become one of the most iconic USAAF fighter aircraft of World War II.  The type was rendered obsolete as a fighter with the beginning of the Jet Age, but it continued to serve in the Korean War in the ground attack role.  Many P-51s were sold as surplus, becoming a popular mount for air racers.

Brownwood, Texas
Brownwood is a city in and the county seat of Brown County, Texas, United States. The population was 18,862 as of  the 2020 census. Brownwood is in the Texas Hill Country and is home to Howard Payne University, which was founded in 1889.
Magnolia lotungensis
Magnolia lotungensis (syn. Parakmeria lotungensis), the eastern joy lotus tree, is a species of flowering plant in the family Magnoliaceae, native to southern China, including Hainan. An androdioecious, hexaploid evergreen tree reaching 30 m (98 ft), it is typically found in forests from 700 to 1,400 m (2,300 to 4,600 ft) above sea level. It is used as a street tree in a number of southern Chinese cities. Due to its strength, easy maintenance, narrow growth habit with a rounded crown, and cold hardiness, it is showing promise as an ornamental tree in North America and Europe.

Magnoliaceae
The Magnoliaceae (/mæɡˌnoʊliˈeɪsii/) are a flowering plant family, the magnolia family,  in the order Magnoliales. It consists of two genera: Magnolia and Liriodendron (tulip trees).

Unlike most angiosperms, whose flower parts are in whorls (rings), the Magnoliaceae have their stamens and pistils in spirals on a conical receptacle. This arrangement is found in some fossil plants and is believed to be a basal or early condition for angiosperms. The flowers also have parts not distinctly differentiated into sepals and petals, while angiosperms that evolved later tend to have distinctly differentiated sepals and petals. The poorly differentiated perianth parts that occupy both positions are known as tepals.

The family has about 219 species and ranges across subtropical eastern North America, Mexico and Central America, the West Indies, tropical South America, southern and eastern India, Sri Lanka, Indochina, Malesia, China, Japan, and Korea.
Claire Whichcord
Claire Louise Whichcord (born 9 December 1972) is an English former cricketer who played as a right-handed batter and right-arm medium bowler. She appeared in one One Day International for England against The Netherlands at College Park, Dublin in the 1995 Women's European Cricket Cup. She bowled seven overs for 22 runs but did not take a wicket and did not bat. She played county cricket for Kent and club cricket for Old Stacians in the Southern Premier Cricket League. She is currently head teacher of Cliftonville Primary School in Margate.

Club cricket
Club cricket is a mainly amateur, but still formal form of the sport of cricket, usually involving teams playing in competitions at weekends or in the evening. There is a great deal of variation in game format although the Laws of Cricket are observed. The main nations that club cricket is played in include Pakistan, England, Australia, South Africa, Sri Lanka, West Indies, New Zealand, Bangladesh, Nepal, Zimbabwe, Kenya, Ireland, Wales, Scotland, Netherlands, Hong Kong and in some of the major cities in India. Club cricket is also now played in the United States and Canada, as both countries have large communities of immigrants from mainstream cricket-playing regions such as the Caribbean, Europe, Asia, Africa and Australasia.
Wellisch
Wellisch is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Adolpho Wellisch (1886–1972), Brazilian diver

Christian Wellisch (born 1975), Hungarian-American professional mixed martial artist

Hans Wellisch (1920–2004), Austrian-American indexer and LIS educator

Christian Wellisch
Christian Wellisch (born September 13, 1975) is a Hungarian-American former professional mixed martial artist. A professional competitor from 2001 until 2009, he competed for the UFC, WEC, and King of the Cage. He was the first Hungarian fighter ever in the UFC.
Sailors of the Imperial Guard
The Sailors of the Imperial Guard (French: Marins de la Garde Impériale) were a naval unit within Napoleon's Imperial Guard. The unit's soldiers not only operated as naval infantry but as gunners (after the training they had received in naval gunnery), sailors and engineers. Napoleon himself stated, "They were good sailors, then they were the best soldiers. And they did everything - they were soldiers, gunners, sappers, everything!".

Naval artillery
Naval artillery is artillery mounted on a warship, originally used only for naval warfare and then subsequently used for more specialized roles in surface warfare such as naval gunfire support (NGFS) and anti-aircraft warfare (AAW) engagements. The term generally refers to powder-launched projectile-firing weapons and excludes self-propelled projectiles such  as torpedoes, rockets, and missiles and those simply dropped overboard such  as depth charges and naval mines.
Ivan Vlasov
Ivan Alekseyevich Vlasov (Russian: Иван Алексеевич Вла́сов; 10 September [O.S. 28 August] 1903 – 1969) was a Soviet and Russian politician the nominal head of state of the RSFSR twice during the rule of Joseph Stalin.

Vlasov was born in Nikolayevka, Temnikovsky Uyezd, Tambov Governorate, and died about aged 65 or 66, in Moscow.

Temnikovsky Uyezd
Temnikovsky Uyezd (Темниковский уезд) was one of the subdivisions of the Tambov Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the northeastern part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Temnikov.
USS Pittsburgh
Five ships of the United States Navy have been or will be named USS Pittsburgh in honor of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania:

USS Pittsburgh (1861) (alternately spelled Pittsburg) was an ironclad gunboat that served during the American Civil War.

USS Pittsburgh (CA-4), originally named USS Pennsylvania (ACR-4), was an armored cruiser serving during World War I.

USS Pittsburgh (CA-70), the original name of USS Canberra (CA-70), that was changed just before launch to honor the loss of HMAS Canberra (D33), which was lost during the Battle of Savo Island in the Pacific War.

USS Pittsburgh (CA-72), originally named Albany, was a Baltimore-class cruiser that served during World War II, and notable for losing her bow in a typhoon, and yet surviving.

USS Pittsburgh (SSN-720) was a Los Angeles-class submarine decommissioned in 2019.

USS Pittsburgh (LPD-31) is a San Antonio-class amphibious transport dock, currently under construction.

USS Pittsburgh (CA-72)
40°26′41″N 79°57′22″W﻿ / ﻿40.4446982°N 79.9561294°W﻿ / 40.4446982; -79.9561294

USS Pittsburgh (CA-72), originally named USS Albany (CA-72), was a Baltimore-class heavy cruiser of the US Navy and the third ship to bear the name.  She was laid down on 3 February 1943 by the Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation's Fore River Shipyard at Quincy, Massachusetts, launched on 22 February 1944, sponsored by Mrs. Cornelius D. Scully, wife of the Mayor of Pittsburgh and commissioned in Boston, Massachusetts on 10 October 1944, with Capt. John Edward Gingrich in command.
Věra Soukupová
Věra Soukupová (born 12 April 1932) is a Czech mezzo-soprano.

Born in Prague, Soukupová studied singing at the Prague Conservatory and privately with Luis Kadeřábek and A. Mustanová-Linková. She won several competitions, including the international singing competition in Prague (1954), the international singing competition in  Toulouse (1958), the competition at the Prague Spring Festival (1960), and the international singing competition in Rio de Janeiro (1963). She began her performance career as a concert singer in 1955 and in 1957 made her stage debut at the Divadlo Josefa Kajetána Tyla in Plzeň. In 1960 Soukupová became a principal artist at the National Theatre in Prague which has remained her principal home.

Josef Kajetán Tyl Theatre
Josef Kajetán Tyl Theatre (Czech: Divadlo Josefa Kajetána Tyla) is a main theatre in Plzeň, Czech Republic. The theatre was built between 1899 and 1902 in the Neo-Renaissance style with some Art Nouveau elements to the design of Antonin Balsanek. Every year the theatre performs some 18 premieres of drama, operas, operettas, ballets or musicals. Since September 2014, actors of the theatre also perform at the New Theatre.

From 1950 til 1983 Věra Caltová worked as a theatre photographer at the venue.

In front of the façade stands a statue of Josef Kajetán Tyl by Alois Soper.
Brenda Vineyard Runyon
Brenda Vineyard Runyon (1868–1929), founder and director of the First Woman's Bank of Tennessee in Clarksville, Tennessee in 1919. The bank was the first in the United States to be managed and directed entirely by women. Ms Runyon resigned from her position in 1926 due to failing health and could not secure a successor. The First Trust and Savings Bank of Clarksville absorbed the bank in 1926.

Ms. Runyon was the wife of a Clarksville physician, Dr. Frank Runyon. Both doctor and Ms Runyon were born in Trenton, Todd County, Kentucky. They had two sons, and both pursued professional careers. Ms. Runyon was active in the civic affairs of Clarksville and was director of the Clarksville branch of the American Red Cross during World War I. Following the war, Ms Runyon organized the First Woman's Bank of Tennessee after being challenged to do so by a local business.

A fall in 1926 led to declining health and her resignation as bank director, eventually dying as a result on February 3, 1929.

Clarksville, Tennessee
Clarksville is a city in Montgomery County, Tennessee, United States, its county seat, and only incorporated municipality. The city had a population of 166,722 as of the 2020 census, making it the fifth-most populous city in Tennessee. It is the principal city of the Clarksville metropolitan area, which consists of Montgomery and Stewart counties in Tennessee and Christian and Trigg counties in Kentucky.

The city was founded in 1785 and incorporated in 1807, and named for General George Rogers Clark, frontier fighter and Revolutionary War hero, and brother of William Clark of the Lewis and Clark Expedition.

Clarksville is the home of Austin Peay State University; The Leaf-Chronicle, the oldest newspaper in Tennessee; and neighbor to the Fort Campbell, United States Army post. The site of the 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault), Fort Campbell is located about 10 miles (16 km) from downtown Clarksville and straddles the Tennessee-Kentucky state line.
Ally Sloper Award
The Ally Sloper Awards was an annual awards ceremony recognising veteran British comic creators, initiated by comics historian Denis Gifford in 1976. From 1978, they were awarded under the auspices of the Association of Comic Enthusiasts, also founded by Gifford.

The awards were named after Ally Sloper, the nineteenth-century British comic character championed by Gifford as the world's first comic character. Gifford also launched and edited an Ally Sloper 'comic magazine' in 1976 (published by Alan Class Comics). The award itself was a figurine of Ally Sloper, based on brass doorstops that were produced as merchandising in the nineteenth century.

Prize-giving of the first Ally Sloper Awards for comics creators took place at Gifford's Comics 101 comics convention, held March 19–21, 1976, at the Mount Royal Hotel, London, with TV comedian Bob Monkhouse presenting. The 1981 "Hall of Fame" award was presented at Comicon '81.

Bob Monkhouse
Robert Alan Monkhouse (1 June 1928 – 29 December 2003) was an English comedian, television presenter, writer and actor. He was the host of television game shows including The Golden Shot, Celebrity Squares, Family Fortunes and Wipeout.
Netley Heath
Netley Heath is an area of woods and heathland in the parish of Shere close to Gomshall in Surrey, England. It is part of a larger geological stratum across parts of the South East, the "Netley Heath Beds". From 1795 to 1815 Netley Heath was the site of an Admiralty shutter telegraph station on the line from London to Portsmouth.

Shere
Shere is a village in the Guildford district of Surrey, England 4.8 miles (7.7 km) east south-east of Guildford and 5.4 miles (8.7 km) west of Dorking, centrally bypassed by the A25. Located on the River Tillingbourne it is a small still partly agricultural village chiefly set in the wooded Vale of Holmesdale between the North Downs and Greensand Ridge. As of 2011 the village had a population of 1,032.

The village gives its name to the larger civil parish of Shere, extending to the east and south into hamlets founded in the early Middle Ages which officially, in the 19th century, were consolidated into three villages; Gomshall, Holmbury St. Mary and Peaslake. This larger entity has a total population of 3,359 and area of 24.5 square kilometres (9.5 sq mi) (as at the 2011 census).
Azania
A'zania (Ancient Greek: Ἀζανία) is a name that has been applied to various parts of southeastern tropical Africa. In the Roman period and perhaps earlier, the toponym has been hypothesised to have referred to a portion of the Southeast African coast extending from southern Somalia to the border between Mozambique and South Africa. During classical antiquity, Azania was mostly inhabited by Southern Cushitic peoples, whose groups would rule the area until the great Bantu Migration.

In 1933, G.W.B Huntingford proposed a theory of Azanian civilization existing in Kenya and northern Tanzania, between the Stone Age and Islamic period. It was supposed that these people were from  Somalia where they eventually perished around the 14th to 15th-century.

South Cushitic languages
The South Cushitic or Rift languages of Tanzania are a branch of the Cushitic languages. The most numerous is Iraqw, with 600,000 speakers. Scholars believe that these languages were spoken by Southern Cushitic agro-pastoralists from Ethiopia, who began migrating southward into the Great Rift Valley in the third millennium BC.
Preston, Scottish Borders
Preston is a small village in the ancient county of Berwickshire, now an administrative area of the  Scottish Borders region of Scotland.  It lies within the local Abbey St Bathans, Bonkyl & Preston Community Council area.

The united Parishes of 'Bunkle' and Preston,  situated at the foot of the Lammermuir Hills, are bordered on the north by the Parishes of Abbey St Bathans and Coldingham, on the east by the Parishes of Coldingham and Chirnside, on the south by the Parishes of Edrom and Duns and on the east by the Parishes of Duns and Abbey St. Bathans.

Lammermuir Hills
The Lammermuirs are a range of hills in southern Scotland, forming a natural boundary between East Lothian and the Borders. The name Lammermuir comes from the Old English lambra mōr, meaning "moorland of the lambs".
Harry Garside
Harrison Garside (born 22 July 1997) is an Australian boxer. He competed in the men's lightweight event at the 2020 Summer Olympics where he won the bronze medal. He also won the Gold Medal at the Gold Coast 2018 Commonwealth Games.This marked the first time in more than three decades that an Australian medaled in boxing at the Olympics.

Boxing at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's lightweight
The men's lightweight boxing event at the 2020 Summer Olympics is scheduled to take place between 25 July and 8 August 2021 at the Ryōgoku Kokugikan. 29 boxers from 29 nations are expected to compete.

The medals for the competition were presented by William Frederick Blick, Uganda; IOC Member, and the medalists' bouquets were presented by Willi Kaltschmitt Luján, Guatemala; BTF Member.
Germany in the Eurovision Song Contest 1990
Germany was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 1990 with the song "Frei zu leben", composed by Ralph Siegel, with lyrics by Michael Kunze, and performed by Chris Kempers and Daniel Kovac. The German participating broadcaster on behalf of ARD, Bayerischer Rundfunk (BR), selected their entry through a national final.

Michael Kunze
Michael Rolf Kunze (born 9 November 1943, in Prague) is a foremost German musical theater lyricist and librettist.

He is best known for the hit musicals Elisabeth (1992), Tanz der Vampire (1996), Mozart! (1999), Marie Antoinette (2006), and Rebecca (2006).

He has also written the lyrics for a number of hit songs (under the pseudonym Stephan Prager), including the number one Billboard hit "Fly, Robin, Fly" (1976), and was one of the top 1970s record producers, producing songs for musical acts Silver Convention, Penny McLean, and Sister Sledge. Kunze has won a Grammy Award, ECHO Lifetime Award and holds 79 Gold and Platinum records.