hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Uromyces viciae-fabae var. viciae-fabae
Uromyces viciae-fabae var. viciae-fabae is a plant pathogen commonly known as faba-bean rust. The rust is distinguished by the typical rust-like marks on the stem and leaves, causing defoliation and loss of photosynthetic surface along with reduction in yield. The disease is fungal and is autoecious meaning it has one plant host. The rust of faba beans is macrocyclic, or contains 5 spores during its life cycle.

Heteroecious
A heteroecious parasite is one that requires at least two hosts. The primary host is the host in which the parasite spends its adult life; the other is the secondary host.  Both hosts are required for the parasite to complete its life cycle.  This can be contrasted with an autoecious parasite which can complete its life cycle on a single host species. Many rust fungi have heteroecious life cycles:

In parasitology, heteroxeny, or heteroxenous development, is a synonymous term that characterizes a parasite whose development involves several hosts.
Bhandal Himmat
Bhandal Himmat is a village in Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 10.7 km away from Nakodar, 26.7 km from Phillaur, 27 km from district headquarter Jalandhar and 136 km from state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by a sarpanch who is an elected representative of village as per Panchayati raj (India).

Nakodar
Nakodar is a town and a municipal council in Jalandhar district in the Indian state of Punjab.

The city is almost 365 km from Delhi, 25 km from Jalandhar, 49 km from Ludhiana, and about 101 km from Amritsar. Surrounding villages include Chak Mughlani, Maheru, Allowal, Mehatpur (Haripur) (Bhullar) Nawan Pind Jattan, Heran, Bir Pind, (Aulakh), Shankar, Nur Pur Chatha, Sarih, Malri, Khanpur Dhadda, Uggi, and Malhian Kalan.

The town is well paved and currently forms a Tehsil of District Jalandhar. Outside the town, there are two large tombs dating from the times of Emperor Jahangir, later one of them is said to be the burial place of the adviser of Emperor Shah Jahan, but it is not known who stand buried in the earlier tomb.
Alicante railway station
Alicante Terminal (Valencian: Alacant Terminal) is the central railway station of Alicante, Spain. Commonly referred locally as the RENFE station, the station is part of Adif system, and is a terminal station.

The station accommodates RENFE long-distance and medium-distance trains, and it is the origin of lines C-1 and C-3 of Cercanías Murcia/Alicante (suburban trains). The station is not related to the narrow gauge railway Alicante-Dénia managed by FGV and part of the city's tram network.

In 2013, AVE (high-speed) railway reached Alicante. While a new intermodal station is to be constructed in place of the current terminal, a temporal terminal is to be utilized by the high speed trains.

Administrador de Infraestructuras Ferroviarias
ADIF (Spanish: [aˈðif], an acronym of Administrador de Infraestructuras Ferroviarias) is a Spanish state-owned railway infrastructure manager.  This state owned company reports to the Ministry of Transport and Sustainable Mobility. ADIF is charged with the management of most of Spain's railway infrastructure, that is the track, signaling and stations. It was formed in 2005 in response to European Union requirements to separate the natural monopoly of infrastructure management from the competitive operations of running train services. It is the legal successor of Renfe, Feve (Ferrocarriles de Vía Estrecha), and GIF (Gestor de Infraestructuras Ferroviarias).
Gábor Kucsera (canoeist)
Gábor Kucsera (born 27 August 1982 in Budapest) is a Hungarian sprint canoeist who has competed since 2005. He won six medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with two golds (K-2 1000 m: 2005, 2006), a silver (K-2 500 m: 2009), and three bronzes (K-2 500 m: 2006, 2007; K-2 1000 m: 2007).

Kucsera also competed at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, finishing fourth in both the K-2 500 m and K-2 1000 m events.

He is a member of the Honvéd-Domino in Budapest.

In July 2015 he was accused of failing a drug test, with cocaine found in his blood. He was suspended by the Hungarian Canoe Association.

Budapesti Honvéd SE (men's water polo)
Budapesti Honvéd Sport Egyesület is a Hungarian water polo club that is part of the Budapest-based multi-sports club with the same name. Founded in 1950, they won six Hungarian championships and eight Hungarian cup titles.

In 2004, beside the domestic league success the team also collected the most prestigious continental cup, the LEN Euroleague, and later triumphed over LEN Cup winners CN Barcelona with a scoreline of 10–9 to win the LEN European Supercup.

Since 1 July 2010 the club is officially known as Groupama Honvéd, following the club has agreed on a sponsorship deal with international insurance company Groupama.
Arboretum de Ripaille
The Arboretum de Ripaille (53 hectares) is an arboretum and forest located on the grounds of the Château de Ripaille, Thonon-les-Bains, Haute-Savoie, Rhône-Alpes, France. It is open daily except Monday, but closed in December.

The arboretum is set beside the Lake Geneva (Lac Léman), within the medieval hunting grounds of the Counts and Dukes of Savoy which are now surrounded by high walls and cut through with a web of wide allées. Its chateau was constructed in 1434 with partial restoration in 1892. From 1930 to 1934 Andrew Engel planted 58 species of trees, from around the world, across 19 hectares of these grounds. Heavy storms in 1999 severely damaged the arboretum, with restoration beginning in 2002. Since 1997 the Mémorial National des Justes de France, honoring citizens who risked their lives saving Jews during World War II, has been set within the center of the arboretum.

Duchy of Savoy
The Duchy of Savoy was a territorial entity of the Savoyard state that existed from 1416 until 1847 and was a possession of the House of Savoy.
It was created when Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor, raised the County of Savoy into a duchy for Amadeus VIII. The duchy was an Imperial fief, subject of the Holy Roman Empire, until 1792, with a vote in the Imperial Diet. From the 16th century, Savoy belonged to the Upper Rhenish Circle.

Its territory included the current French departments of Savoie, Haute-Savoie, and the Alpes-Maritimes, the current Italian region of Aosta Valley, a large part of Piedmont and the County of Geneva in Switzerland, which was then lost to the Old Swiss Confederacy. The main Vulgar languages that were spoken within the Duchy of Savoy were Arpitan and Piedmontese.
Right at Your Door
Right at Your Door  is a 2006 American thriller film about a couple and follows the events surrounding them when multiple dirty bombs detonate in Los Angeles. Chris Gorak both wrote the screenplay and directed the film in his writing and directorial debuts. It was first screened at the Sundance Film Festival in January 2006, where it won the award for Excellence in Cinematography.

Will McCormack
William Joseph McCormack Jr. (born January 13, 1974) is an American actor, executive producer, screenwriter, and film director. He is best known for his short film If Anything Happens I Love You (2020), which earned him the Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film.

McCormack is also known for writing the screenplay for Celeste and Jesse Forever (2012) and the story for Toy Story 4 (2019), the former of which earned him nominations for the Independent Spirit Award for Best First Screenplay and the Black Reel Award for Outstanding Screenplay, Adapted or Original. He appeared in the television series The Sopranos (1999–2001), Brothers & Sisters (2008–2009), and In Plain Sight (2008–2012), as well as the films American Outlaws (2001), Syriana (2005), and A Wrinkle in Time (2018). He won a Lucille Lortel Award for his role in the off-Broadway one-act play The Long Christmas Ride Home (2003).
Schuxen
Schuxen (also Schuchsen or Schuxn) is an elongate fried dough pastry made from rye flour and yeast that is popular in Upper Bavaria. It is similar to Krapfen with the difference that it is not sweet.

The name possibly derives from its elongated oval shape that resembles a shoe sole (the German word is "Schuh") but this theory is questionable, as the local dialect deforms diphthongs in another way.

This name for the pastry appears in the books of Johann Andreas Schmeller, a Bavarian linguist.

In poor times the pastry served as a side dish for sauerkraut and blood or liver sausage.

In the area around Landshut, Schuxen are eaten from 24 April until Kermesse, the third Sunday in October. In the foothills of the Alps and in the Chiemgau they are eaten on Twelfth Day.

Nowadays they are rare, and few bakers produce them.

Like most fried dough dishes, they are high in caloric value.

Johann Andreas Schmeller
Johann Andreas Schmeller (6 August 1785 in Tirschenreuth – 27 September 1852 in Munich) was a German philologist who initially studied the Bavarian dialect. From 1828 until his death he taught in the University of Munich. He is considered the founder of modern dialect research in Germany. His lasting contribution is the four-volume Bayerisches Wörterbuch (Bavarian Dictionary), which is currently in the process of revision by the Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities.
SPQR: A History of Ancient Rome
SPQR: A History of Ancient Rome is a 2015 book by English classicist Mary Beard that was published in the United Kingdom by Profile Books and elsewhere by Liveright & Company.

SPQR appeared on the New York Times hardcover, non-fiction bestseller list in December 2015.

It was a finalist for the 2015 National Book Critics Circle Award (Nonfiction).

SPQR or S.P.Q.R., an initialism for Senatus Populusque Romanus (Classical Latin: [sɛˈnaːtʊs pɔpʊˈɫʊskʷɛ roːˈmaːnʊs]; transl. "The Senate and People of Rome"), is an emblematic phrase referring to the government of the Roman Republic. It appears on documents made public by an inscription in stone or metal, in dedications of monuments and public works, and on some Roman currency.

Profile Books
Profile Books is a British independent book publishing firm founded in 1996. It publishes non-fiction subjects including history, biography, memoir, politics, current affairs, travel and popular science.

Profile Books is distributed in the UK by Random House and sold by Faber & Faber, and is part of the Independent Alliance.
North Fork Musselshell River
46°28′47″N 110°16′21″W﻿ / ﻿46.47972°N 110.27250°W﻿ / 46.47972; -110.27250
The North Fork Musselshell River is a tributary of the Musselshell River, approximately 35 miles (56 km) long, in Montana in the United States.

It rises in the Lewis and Clark National Forest in the Little Belt Mountains in northeastern Meagher County, and flows south through Bair Reservoir, then southeast. It joins the South Fork to form the main branch of the Musselshell just west of county line with Wheatland County.

There are five native fish found in the river: Longnose dace, Longnose Sucker, Mottled sculpin, Mountain Whitefish, and White Sucker. Three varieties of trout are introduced species.

Wheatland County, Montana
Wheatland County is a county in the U.S. state of Montana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 2,069. Its county seat is Harlowton.
Wheatland County was established on February 22, 1917, with areas partitioned from Meagher and Sweet Grass counties. It was named for the abundant wheat-growing areas across the center portion of the new county's area.
John T. Winterich
John Tracy Winterich (1891–1970) was an American writer and journalist.

Winterich was born in Middletown, Connecticut on May 25, 1891. He grew up in Providence, Rhode Island and graduated from Brown University in 1912.

He was Managing Editor of Stars & Stripes, a prolific contributor of articles to many journals and a prominent American bibliophile in the first half of the twentieth century. He was best known as a contributing editor of the Saturday Review, a position he had held since 1946, after a brief stint as managing editor. While working for Saturday Review he was the original author of "The Criminal Record", a weekly column in which crime and detective fiction was reviewed by Winterich under his pseudonym "Sergeant Cuff", taken from the detective in Wilkie Collins' The Moonstone.

In the 1930s he was editor of The Colophon. He was a contributor to the innovative New York newspaper PM.

The Moonstone
The Moonstone: A Romance by Wilkie Collins is an 1868 British epistolary novel. It is an early example of the modern detective novel, and established many of the ground rules of the modern genre. Its publication was started on 4 January 1868 and was completed on 8 August 1868. The story was serialised in Charles Dickens's magazine All the Year Round. Collins adapted The Moonstone for the stage in 1877.
Nicholas Springer
Nicholas Springer (June 9, 1985 – April 14, 2021) was an American Paralympic wheelchair rugby player and a four-time national champion, and gold medalist from New York, New York. In 2006 and 2010, he was awarded a gold medal for his participation at the World championships and in 2008 he won Canada Cup and got another gold that way. The same year Springer won a silver medal for his participation at the North American Cup and won a gold medal at the 2008 Paralympic Games in Beijing, China. In 2012 he won his first bronze medal at the 2012 Summer Paralympics in London. Besides rugby, he played hockey for 14 years. He was also an avid traveler and enjoyed outdoor activities and scuba diving. Springer died suddenly in 2021 at the age of 35 while swimming at a friend's house.

Canada Cup (rugby union)
The Canada Cup was an international women's rugby union tournament staged in Canada. The tournament generally features Canada, and two or three other invited nations. So far there have been four tournaments - 1993, 1996, 2000, and 2005. In addition in 2003 and 2004 Canada hosted the Women's version of the "Churchill Cup" - a competition that was in every way identical to the Canada Cup and whose records may reasonably be included with it.

The records for the six Canada and women's Churchill Cup tournaments appear below.
Henry Dunell
Owen Henry Christian Dunell (22 October 1886 – 13 September 1950) was an English first-class cricketer.

The son of the South African Test cricketer Owen Dunell, he was born at Paddington in October 1886. He was educated at Eton College, before going up to Trinity College, Oxford. He played minor counties cricket for Norfolk from 1905–09, making sixteen appearances in the Minor Counties Championship. He later travelled to South Africa, where he made a single appearance in first-class cricket for Eastern Province against the touring Marylebone Cricket Club at Port Elizabeth in 1910. Batting twice in the match, he was dismissed without scoring in the Eastern Province first-innings by Colin Blythe, while in their second-innings he was dismissed for a single run by George Thompson. He died at West Malling in September 1950.

West Malling
West Malling (/ˈmɔːlɪŋ/ MAW-ling, historically Town Malling) is a market town in the Tonbridge and Malling district of Kent, England. It has a population of 2,590.

The name Malling derives from the Old English meallaingas meaning 'Mealla's people'.
U-Right
U-Right International Holdings Limited (Chinese: 佑威國際控股有限公司) (SEHK: 627), or U-Right (Chinese: 佑威), was a garment distributor and retailer headquartered in Hong Kong. It offered men's and ladies' casual wear under the brand name of U-Right through retail outlets and distribution points. It utilized and licensed the Swedish Texcote technology, which is a material processing technology based on the principles of nano-technology. It also had its own production base in Shunde and Shenzhen of Guangdong to develop its nano-technology products.

Distributor
A distributor  is an electric and mechanical device used in the ignition system of older spark-ignition engines. The distributor's main function is to route electricity from the ignition coil to each spark plug at the correct time.
Pioneer baby's grave
Pioneer Baby's Grave is a California Historical Landmark in Redding, California, listed as No. 377 on July 28, 1942. The grave marks the remains of 8-month-old Charles Brownstein, who died on December 14, 1864. Charles's parents traveled 40 miles in two-days by covered wagon to bury him at Shasta Hebrew Congregation's Jewish cemetery, the first one in the region.

California State Route 299 in 1923 routed around the grave. The Jewish cemetery was neglected until 1976, when the Redding Jewish Community Center was founded. The site is now cared for by the local Jewish Community Center.

The historical site marker is on California State Route 299, 0.75 miles West of Shasta. The marker was placed there on July 28, 1990 by the California Department of Parks and Recreation in collaboration with the Shasta Historical Society, the Kevin Hollis Moss Historical Fund, and Trinitarianus Chapter 62 of E Clampus Vitus.

California State Parks
California State Parks is the state park system for the U.S. state of California. The system is administered by the California Department of Parks and Recreation, a department under the California Natural Resources Agency. The California State Parks system is the largest state park system in the United States.

California State Parks administers 279 separate park units on 1.4 million acres (5,700 km2), with over 280 miles (450 km) of California coastline; 625 miles (1,006 km) of lake and river frontage; nearly 15,000 campsites; and 3,000 miles (4,800 km) of hiking, biking, and equestrian trails. Headquartered in Sacramento, park administration is divided into 21 districts.
2023 Tameside Metropolitan Borough Council election
The 2023 Tameside Metropolitan Borough Council elections took place on 4 May 2023 alongside other local elections in the United Kingdom. Due to boundary changes, all 57 seats on Tameside Metropolitan Borough Council were contested.

Labour retained its majority on the council.

Tameside Metropolitan Borough Council
Tameside Metropolitan Borough Council, also known as Tameside Council, is the local authority of the Metropolitan Borough of Tameside in Greater Manchester, England. It is a metropolitan borough council and provides the majority of local government services in the borough. The council has been a member of the Greater Manchester Combined Authority since 2011.

The council has been under Labour majority control since 1979. It is based at Tameside One in Ashton-under-Lyne.
The Mark Spencer Hotel
The Mark Spencer Hotel is a hotel in Portland, Oregon. The hotel opened in 1907 as the Hotel Nortonia and has hosted many notable people, including Louis Armstrong, Sammy Davis Jr., Lionel Hampton, Spike Jones, and Mel Tormé.

Spike Jones
Lindley Armstrong "Spike" Jones (December 14, 1911 – May 1, 1965) was an American musician, bandleader and conductor specializing in spoof arrangements and satire of popular songs and classical music. Ballads receiving the Jones treatment were punctuated with various sound effects, including gunshots, whistles, cowbells, hiccups, burps, sneezes, animal sounds and outlandish and comedic vocals. Jones and his band recorded for RCA Victor under the title Spike Jones and His City Slickers from the early 1940s to the mid-1950s, and they toured the United States and Canada as "The Musical Depreciation Revue".
Arnprior, Stirling
Arnprior is a hamlet in the Stirling council area of Scotland on the A811 about 12 miles west of Stirling and is one of the smallest community council districts in the region. The hamlet is next to the Flanders Moss National Nature Reserve and close to the east boundary of the Loch Lomond and Trossachs National Park, which includes the Lake of Menteith.

Until 1996, the hamlet had a primary school. Due to a lack of pupils, it was shut down along with Croftamie Primary School and Kinbuck Primary School. Part of the school has since been converted into a nursery. Pupils were transferred to Buchlyvie Primary School.

Lake of Menteith
Lake of Menteith, also known as Loch Inchmahome (Scottish Gaelic: Loch Innis Mo Cholmaig), is a loch in Scotland located on the Carse of Stirling (the flood plain of the upper reaches of the rivers Forth and Teith, upstream from Stirling).
Jessica Frotten
Jessica Frotten (born April 23, 1988) is a Canadian Paralympic athlete who competed in the T53 classification.

In 2015, Frotten competed at the 2015 Parapan American Games where she won bronze in the 100 metres and 400 metres events.

Frotten was selected to compete at the 2020 Summer Paralympics in Tokyo, participating in the 400, 800, and 1500 metres events, as well as the Mixed 4x100 metres relay

Additionally, Frotten was a member of the Canadian national team at the 2015 IPC Athletics World Championships and 2017 World Para Athletics Championships, as well as the 2018 and 2022 Commonwealth Games.

In 2024, Frotten was inducted into the Regina Sports Hall of Fame, having spent the majority of her athletic career training in Saskatchewan.

2017 World Para Athletics Championships
The 2017 World Para Athletics Championships were a Paralympic track and field meet organized by World Para Athletics, a subcommittee of the International Paralympic Committee. It was held at London Stadium in London from 14 to 23 July 2017. It was the 8th edition of the event, the first to be held after being renamed from IPC Athletics World Championship, and featured 213 medal events.

They preceded the 2017 IAAF World Championships also held in London, marking the first time that a single city hosted both the IAAF and IPC athletics championships in the same year; London previously hosted the 2012 Summer Olympics and Paralympics.
Maschen disc brooch
The Maschen disc brooch (German: Scheibenfibel von Maschen) is an Early Medieval fibula. It was found in 1958 during archaeological excavations of the late Saxon grave field near Maschen, in the Lower Saxony district of Harburg, Germany. On its face side, the fibula shows an unidentified saint with a halo. It was found in a woman's grave of the beginning of the Christianization of northern Germany, and is in the permanent exhibition of the Archaeological Museum Hamburg in Harburg, Hamburg.

Harburg (district)
District Harburg is a district (Landkreis) in Lower Saxony, Germany. It takes its name from the town of Harburg upon Elbe, which used to be the capital of the district but is now part of Hamburg and therefore no longer within the district. It is bounded by (from the east and clockwise) the districts of Lüneburg, Heidekreis, Rotenburg (Wümme) and Stade, by the City of Hamburg and the State of Schleswig-Holstein (District of Lauenburg).
Pobiednik Mały
Pobiednik Mały (Polish pronunciation: [pɔˈbjɛdɲik ˈmawɨ]) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Igołomia-Wawrzeńczyce, within Kraków County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland.

Kraków County
Kraków County (Polish: powiat krakowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Kraków, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city with powiat rights). The county contains five towns: Skawina, 12 km (7 mi) south-west of Kraków, Krzeszowice, 24 km (15 mi) west of Kraków, Słomniki, 24 km (15 mi) north-east of Kraków, Skała, 20 km (12 mi) north of Kraków, and Świątniki Górne, 15 km (9 mi) south of Kraków.

The county covers an area of 1,229.62 square kilometres (474.8 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 278,219, out of which the population of Skawina is 24,340, that of Krzeszowice is 10,014, that of Słomniki is 4,343, that of Skała is 3,798, that of Świątniki Górne is 2,431, and the rural population is 233,293.