hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Ripper Legacy
The Ripper Legacy is a mystery pastiche novel written by David Stuart Davies, featuring Sherlock Holmes and Dr. John Watson in a story with ties to Jack the Ripper.

Titan Books published the book in 2016, as part of its Further Adventures series, which collects a number of noted Holmesian pastiches.

Dr. Watson
Dr. John H. Watson is a fictional character in the Sherlock Holmes stories by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. Along with Sherlock Holmes, Dr. Watson first appeared in the novel A Study in Scarlet (1887). "The Adventure of Shoscombe Old Place" (1927) is the last work of Doyle featuring Watson and Holmes, although their last appearance in the canonical timeline is in "His Last Bow" (1917).

As Holmes's friend and confidant, Watson has appeared in various films, television series, video games, comics and radio programmes.
Sri Chaitanya Educational Institutions
Sri Chaitanya Educational Institutions (Telugu: శ్రీ చైతన్య విద్యాసంస్థలు) is a group of education institutions chain of schools, junior colleges, hostels, coaching institutions for IIT-JEE, NEET, EAMCET and UPSC-CS preparation and degree colleges across India. The academic director of Sri Chaitanya is Sushma Bopanna.

It was founded in 1986 by B.S Rao and his wife, Jhansi Lakshmi Bai. With over 321 state board-affiliated junior colleges, 322 K-10 Sri Chaitanya Techno Schools and 107 CBSE-affiliated schools, it is one of Asia's largest educational franchises with over 8.5 lakh students. In 2021, Tollywood actor Allu Arjun was signed as the brand ambassador of the institution.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, Sri Chaitanya launched Infinity Learn as part of its edtech platform, with Rohit Sharma leading the marketing campaign.

Cram school
A cram school (colloquially: crammer, test prep, tuition center, or exam factory) is a specialized school  that trains its students to achieve particular goals, most commonly to pass the entrance examinations of high schools or universities. The English name is derived from the slang term cramming, meaning to study a large amount of material in a short period of time. The word "crammer" may be used to refer to the school or to an individual teacher who assists a student in cramming.
Mal (prince)
Mal (died 946) was a Drevlian prince, and was the leader of the 945 revolt against Igor of Kiev. Immediately following the revolt, which led to Igor's death, Mal attempted to marry the widowed Olga of Kiev. In foreign sources, he bears the name of "Niskinia"  (according to Jan Długosz), and "Malditt" (according to Sigmund von Herberstein). Mal's name is attributed to the Ukrainian city of Malyn.

According to Russian historian Vasily Tatishchev, the Ioachim Chronicle states that Mal was a "Drevlian Prince, the son of Niskinia".

The component "mal" was part of a number of Celtic names, such as Gaulish "Malorix", or Old Irish "Cathmal".

Igor of Kiev
Igor (Church Slavonic: Игорь; Old Norse: Ingvarr; c. 877 – 945) was Prince of Kiev from 912 to 945. Traditionally, he is considered to be the son of Rurik, who established himself at Novgorod and died in 879 while Igor was an infant. According to the Primary Chronicle, Rurik was succeeded by Oleg, who ruled as regent and was described by the chronicler as being "of his kin".
Norman Warren (priest)
Norman Leonard Warren (19 July 1934 – 19 June 2019) was an Anglican priest and author.

He was born in London, England and educated at Dulwich College and Corpus Christi College, Cambridge Ordained in 1961, he began his ministry with a curacy in Bedworth. He held incumbencies in Leamington Priors and Morden; and was the Rural Dean of Merton. He was collated Archdeacon of Rochester in 1989 until his retirement in 2000. He died in June 2019.

His evangelistic tract Journey into Life, first issued in 1964, became a best-seller, with worldwide sales of 30 million.

Bedworth
Bedworth (/ˈbɛdwərθ/ or locally /ˈbɛdərθ/) is a market town in the borough of Nuneaton and Bedworth, Warwickshire, England.  It is situated between Coventry, 5 miles (8.0 km) to the south, and Nuneaton, 3 miles (5 km) to the north. In the 2021 census the town had a population of 31,090. The town is pronounced locally as "Beduth", but as "Bedworth" almost everywhere else.
Tray Mountain Wilderness
The Tray  Mountain Wilderness was designated in 1986 and currently consists of 9,702 acres (39.26 km2). The Wilderness is located within the borders of the Chattahoochee National Forest in Habersham, Rabun, Towns and White counties, Georgia and is managed in the Chattooga Ranger District.  The Wilderness is managed by the United States Forest Service and is part of the National Wilderness Preservation System.

The highest elevation in the Tray  Mountain Wilderness is the 4,430-foot (1,350 m) peak of Tray Mountain and the wilderness includes part of the Soque River.  The Appalachian Trail passes through the Wilderness for 16.5 unusually level miles, following a ridge.   The Tray Mountain Wilderness is located near the Mark Trail Wilderness, which is located across State Route 75 to the west.

Towns County, Georgia
Towns County is a county in the Northeast region of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 12,493. Its county seat is Hiawassee. The county was created on March 6, 1856, and named for lawyer, legislator, and politician George W. Towns.
Mitochondrial shuttle
The mitochondrial shuttles are biochemical transport systems used to transport reducing agents across the inner mitochondrial membrane. NADH as well as NAD+ cannot cross the membrane, but it can reduce another molecule like FAD and [QH2] that can cross the membrane, so that its electrons can reach the electron transport chain.

The two main systems in humans are the glycerol phosphate shuttle and the malate-aspartate shuttle. The malate/a-ketoglutarate antiporter functions move electrons while the aspartate/glutamate antiporter moves amino groups. This allows the mitochondria to receive the substrates that it needs for its functionality in an efficient manner.

Oxaloacetic acid
Oxaloacetic acid (also known as oxalacetic acid or OAA) is a crystalline organic compound with the chemical formula HO2CC(O)CH2CO2H.  Oxaloacetic acid, in the form of its conjugate base oxaloacetate, is a metabolic intermediate in many processes that occur in animals. It takes part in gluconeogenesis, the urea cycle, the glyoxylate cycle, amino acid synthesis, fatty acid synthesis and the citric acid cycle.
Uvs Province
Uvs Province (/ˈʊfs/ UUFS) is one of the 21 aimags (provinces) of Mongolia. It is located in the west of the country, 1,336 kilometres or 830 miles away from the national capital, Ulaanbaatar. Its capital is Ulaangom, which lies 936 metres or 3,070 feet above sea level.

The province is named after Mongolia's biggest lake, Uvs Lake.

Uvs Lake
Uvs Lake (Mongolian: Увс нуур [ˌʊɸs‿ˈnʊːr], ᠤᠪᠰᠤ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ [ubsu naɣur]) is a highly saline lake in an endorheic basin—Uvs Nuur Basin, primarily in Mongolia with a smaller part in Russia. It is the largest lake in Mongolia by surface area, covering 3,350 km2 at 759 m above sea level. 
The northeastern tip of the lake is situated in the Tuva Republic of the Russian Federation. The largest settlement near the lake is Ulaangom. This shallow and very saline body of water is a remainder of a huge saline sea which covered a much larger area several thousand years ago.
Auniati University
Auniati University is a cultural private university of Assam in India established in 2022 under Assam Act XXXIX of 2022 Assam Legislative Assembly by Auniati Socio- Cultural and Educational Development Trust at Teok about 30 km from Jorhat along the NH 37 with an area of 63 Bigha land.

University offers state-of-the-art education with 64 Kalas science, cultural and moral needs of society. The university offers degree in Performing arts, Journalism and Mass communication, Physical education and Sociology.

Teok
Teok is a town and municipal board situated in the Jorhat district of Assam, India. It is at a distance of about 20  kilometres from Jorhat city. The term 'Teok' is derived from the Tai languages. It literally means – ‘The place of milk and ghee’.
Democratic Union of Labour
The Democratic Union of Labor (Union démocratique du travail, UDT) was a French political party founded in 1959 for left-wing Gaullists at the beginning of the French Fifth Republic. Initially, it united activists for the independence of Algeria, progressive on economic and social issues compared to the dominant Gaullist movement, the Union for the New Republic (UNR).

Laborist advocates of capital and labor partnership, led by its general secretary through the party's life, René Capitant, and Louis Vallon.  It formed the only left-wing movement that fully embraced the new institutions.

The UDT partnered with the UNR for the 1962 legislative elections and later merged with it to create the UNR-UDT, despite growing opposition among its members to Georges Pompidou, in the hope of establishing the left-wing faction of Gaullism.

Worker representation on corporate boards of directors
Worker representation on corporate boards of directors, also known as board-level employee representation (BLER), refers to the right of workers to vote for representatives on a board of directors in corporate law. In 2018, a majority of Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, and a majority of countries in the European Union, had some form of law guaranteeing the right of workers to vote for board representation. Together with a right to elect work councils, this is often called codetermination.

The first laws requiring worker voting rights include the Oxford University Act 1854 and the Port of London Act 1908 in the United Kingdom, the Act on Manufacturing Companies of 1919 in Massachusetts in the United States (although the act's provisions were completely voluntary), and the Supervisory Board Act 1922 (Aufsichtsratgesetz 1922) in Germany, which codified collective agreement from 1918 and expanded it in the 1976 Mitbestimmungsgesetz.
River Flesk
The River Flesk (Irish: An Fhleisc) is a river in County Kerry, Ireland. It is 28 miles (45 km) long and drains into Lough Leane at Killarney. The river gets a run of spring salmon early in the season, and the grilse run in late May and early June.

Lough Leane
Lough Leane (/ˈleɪn/; from Irish  Loch Léin 'lake of Léan', a personal name) is the largest of the three lakes of Killarney, in County Kerry. The River Laune flows from the lake into the Dingle Bay to the northwest.
Capinan
The Capinan (also called Capina) were a small tribe of Native American people from Alabama and Mississippi.

The Capinan lived along the Gulf Coast region along the Pascagoula River almost north to its headwaters. They appear along the Pascagoula River, directly south of the Chickasaws in maps drawn by French cartographer Guillaume Delisle in 1703 and 1707.

The Capinan may have been the same tribe as the Moctobi and may have been a sub-tribe of the Pascagoula and Biloxi, both historically from Mississippi. The Capinan's language is unattested, but they might have spoken a Siouan language like the Biloxi.

French explorer Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville visited the tribe in 1699, and Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne, Sieur de Bienville in 1725.

Gulf Coast of the United States
The Gulf Coast of the United States, also known as the Gulf South or the South Coast, is the coastline along the Southern United States where they meet the Gulf of Mexico. The coastal states that have a shoreline on the Gulf of Mexico are Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida, and these are known as the Gulf States.

The economy of the Gulf Coast area is dominated by industries related to energy, petrochemicals, fishing, aerospace, agriculture, and tourism. The large cities of the region are (from west to east) Brownsville, Corpus Christi, Houston, Galveston, Beaumont, Lake Charles, Lafayette, Baton Rouge, New Orleans, Gulfport, Biloxi, Mobile, Pensacola, Panama City, St. Petersburg, and Tampa. All are the centers or major cities of their respective metropolitan areas and many contain large ports.
Death of a Cyclist
Death of a Cyclist (Spanish: Muerte de un ciclista; first released in the United States as Age of Infidelity) is a 1955 social realist Spanish drama film directed by Juan Antonio Bardem and starring Italian actress Lucia Bosè (who was dubbed into Spanish by Elsa Fábregas) and Alberto Closas. It won the FIPRESCI Award at the 1955 Cannes Film Festival.

Alberto Closas
Alberto Closas Lluró (30 October 1921, in Barcelona – 19 September 1994, in Madrid) was a prolific Spanish film actor who appeared in the Cinema of Argentina in the 1940s and 1950s and in Spanish cinema after 1955.

His family emigrated to Argentina in 1936 during the Spanish Civil War where in 1942 he acted in his first film Nada más que amor. He made over 90 film and television appearances and continued to appear on Spanish television until his death in September 1994 from lung cancer.

He was married to Argentine actress Amelia Bence from 1950 to 1955.
2023 BeeTV Women's 60 – Doubles
Ekaterina Makarova and Linda Nosková were the defending champions but Nosková chose not to participate. Makarova partnered alongside Anastasia Zakharova but lost in the semifinals to Han Na-lae and Jang Su-jeong.

Polina Kudermetova and Anastasia Tikhonova won the title, defeating Han and Jang in the final, 2–6, 6–3, [10–7].

Polina Kudermetova
Polina Eduardovna Kudermetova (Russian: Полина Эдуардовна Кудерметова, Polina Eduardovna Kudermetova, born 4 June 2003) is a Russian-born Uzbekistani professional tennis player. She has been ranked by the WTA as high as No. 54 in singles, achieved on 14 April 2025 and No. 203 in doubles, reached on 15 September 2025.
Khed Alandi Assembly constituency
Khed Alandi Assembly constituency is one of the 288 Vidhan Sabha (legislative assembly) constituencies of Maharashtra state, western India. This constituency is located in Pune district. It is a segment of Shirur (Lok Sabha constituency).

Pune district
Pune district (Marathi pronunciation: [puɳeː]) is a district in Western Maharashtra with Administrative Headquarters in Pune city. Pune district is the most populous district in the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is one of the most industrialized districts in India.
Iron Lung (video game)
Iron Lung is a 2022 submarine simulation horror game developed and published by David Szymanski. The player controls an unnamed convict who explores an ocean of blood on a desolate moon in a small, rusty submarine nicknamed the "Iron Lung". It was released for Windows on March 10, 2022, with a Nintendo Switch port released on December 19, 2022. It was later released for the PlayStation 5 on October 15, 2025, and Android on December 12, 2025.

A film adaptation of Iron Lung by Markiplier was released on January 30, 2026, with Szymanski assisting with the screenplay and making a cameo appearance. The film was a commercial success, but received mixed reviews from critics.

Convict
A convict is "a person found guilty of a crime and sentenced by a court" or "a person serving a sentence in prison". Convicts are often also known as "prisoners" or "inmates" or by the slang term "con", while a common label for former convicts, especially those recently released from prison, is "ex-con" ("ex-convict"). Persons convicted and sentenced to non-custodial sentences tend not to be described as "convicts".

The label of "ex-convict" usually has lifelong implications, such as social stigma or reduced opportunities for employment. The federal government of Australia, for instance, will not, in general, employ an ex-convict, while some state and territory governments may limit the time for or before which a former convict may be employed.
Maurice Black (Mississippi politician)
Maurice Rudolph Black (October 18, 1915 – September 16, 2000) was an American politician from Mississippi. Black served in the Mississippi House of Representatives from 1948 to 1964.

Black was born on October 18, 1915, in Madison County, Mississippi. He graduated from Hinds Junior College in 1935, then attended Millsaps College. He earned a law degree from Jackson School of Law in 1938. He was elected to the Mississippi House of Representatives in 1947 and took office in 1948. He served in that role through 1964. In 1969, he was appointed as assistant attorney-general. He retired from this role in 1977.

Black died on September 16, 2000, at his home in Flora, Mississippi from complications due to Parkinson's disease.

Mississippi House of Representatives
The Mississippi House of Representatives is the lower house of the Mississippi Legislature, the lawmaking body of the U.S. state of Mississippi, the upper house being the Mississippi Senate. According to the state constitution of 1890, it is to comprise no more than 122 members elected for four-year terms. To qualify as a member of the House, candidates must be at least 21 years old, a resident of Mississippi for at least four years, and a resident in the district for at least two years. Elections are held the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November.
Desna–Stara Huta National Nature Park
The Desna–Stara Huta National Nature Park (Ukrainian: Деснянсько-Старогутський національний природний парк, romanized: Desniansko-Starohutskyi National Nature Park), covers a middle section of the Desna River in northeastern Ukraine, representing the variety of wetland and mixed forest landscapes of the eastern Polesia region. The national park contains two sections, one on the floodplains of the Desna, the other in the southern region of the Bryansk forest on the Russian border. The area is relatively clean, ecologically, being clear of the radiological zone and being in a non-industrial region. The park is in the administrative district of Shostka Raion in Sumy Oblast. A component of the park is a Ramsar wetland site of international importance "Desna River Floodplains". It is also component of the Desna Biosphere Reserve, designated in 2009 by the UNESCO Man and Biosphere (MAB) Reserve Programme.

Desna (river)
The Desna (Russian and Ukrainian: Десна) is a river in Russia and Ukraine, a major left-tributary of the Dnieper. Its name in Old East Slavic: деснъ means lit. "right hand". It has a length of 1,130 km (702 mi), and its drainage basin covers 88,900 km2 (34,324 sq mi).

In Ukraine, the river's width ranges from 60 to 250 metres (200 to 820 ft), with its average depth being 3 m (10 ft). The mean annual discharge at its mouth is 360 m3/s (13,000 cu ft/s). The river freezes over from early December to early April, and is navigable from Novhorod-Siverskyi to its mouth, a length of about 535 km (332 mi).

The water level of the river reached its lowest recorded point in 140 years in June 2020. This water level was 5 m (16 ft) below normal for that time of year.
Jason WA Robinson
Jason Joseph William Alexander Robinson FIMMM is a British academic, and Professor of Materials Physics at the University of Cambridge in the Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy. He is also a Fellow of St John's College, Cambridge and Distinguished Visiting Professor at City University of Hong Kong. He has worked extensively in the areas of superconductivity, superconducting spintronics, spintronics, magnetism, quantum materials, and nanoelectronics. Particular research topics include the superconductor proximity effect, unconventional superconductivity, quantum and topological transport. He is currently Head of the Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy.

Proximity effect (superconductivity)
Proximity effect or Holm–Meissner effect is a term used in the field of superconductivity to describe phenomena that occur when a superconductor (S) is placed in contact with a "normal" (N) non-superconductor.  Typically the critical temperature  of the superconductor is suppressed and signs of weak superconductivity are observed in the normal material over mesoscopic distances.  The proximity effect is known since the pioneering work by Ragnar Holm and Walther Meissner in 1932. They have observed zero resistance in SNS pressed contacts, in which two superconducting metals are separated by a thin film of a non-superconducting (i.e. normal) metal. The discovery of the supercurrent in SNS contacts is sometimes mistakenly attributed to Brian Josephson's 1962 work, yet the effect was known long before his publication and was understood as the proximity effect. The discovery of this effect led to the invalidation of Albert Einstein model for superconductivity.
Achim Stoia
Achim Stoia (Mohu, 1910 – Iași, 1973) was a Romanian composer. He was conductor of the Iași "Moldova" Philharmonic Orchestra.  He also was professor and rector of the Iași Conservatory, which later became part of the George Enescu National University of Arts.

Iași "Moldova" Philharmonic Orchestra
The Moldova Philharmonic Orchestra (Romanian: Filarmonica Moldova Iași) is a Romanian symphony orchestra located in Iași, Romania. The name "Moldova" in the title refers to the historical region of Moldavia.
Davis Lake
Davis Lake straddles the border between Deschutes County and Klamath County in the U.S. state of Oregon. A relatively large and shallow lake in the Deschutes National Forest, it is located toward the south end of the Cascade Lakes Scenic Byway, near Oregon Route 58 and U.S. 97. The lake is known as one of Oregon's best bass lakes.

Deschutes County, Oregon
Deschutes County (/dəˈʃuːts/ də-SHOOTS) is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 198,253. The county seat is Bend. The county was created in 1916 out of part of Crook County and was named for the Deschutes River, which itself was named by French-Canadian trappers of the early 19th century. It is the political and economic hub of Central Oregon. Deschutes comprises the Bend, Oregon Metropolitan Statistical Area and media market. Deschutes is Oregon's fastest-growing and most recently formed county.
Eastern Kentucky University
Eastern Kentucky University (Eastern or EKU) is a public university in Richmond, Kentucky, United States. It also maintains branch campuses in Corbin, Hazard, and Manchester and offers over 40 online undergraduate and graduate options.

Manchester, Kentucky
Manchester is a home rule-class city in Clay County, Kentucky, in the United States. Manchester is part of the Corbin KY Micropolitan statistical area, as is the entirety of Clay County, and is the seat of its county and the home of a minimum- and medium-security federal prison. As of the 2020 census, Manchester had a population of 1,512.
Izvaryne
Izvaryne (Ukrainian: Ізварине; Russian: Изварино, romanized: Izvarino) is a rural settlement located on the E40 highway in Sorokyne urban hromada, Dovzhansk Raion (district) of Luhansk Oblast in Ukraine. It is also an important road and railway crossing point on the Ukrainian side of the Russia–Ukraine border. There are facilities at the crossing for motorcars, lorries, and trains.

Izvaryne lies across from the Russian town of Donetsk in Rostov Oblast, not to be confused with the Ukrainian city of Donetsk. Population: 1,560 (2022 estimate), 1,692 (2013 est.).

The settlement came under the control of the Luhansk People's Republic in mid-2014. Following the 2022 annexation referendums in Russian-occupied Ukraine, Russia has claimed the settlement as part of their LPR / LNR.

Dovzhansk Raion
Dovzhansk Raion (Ukrainian: Довжанський район; Russian: Должанский район) or Sverdlovsk Raion (Ukrainian: Свердловський район) is a raion (district) in Luhansk Oblast in eastern Ukraine. The administrative center of the raion is the city of Sverdlovsk, Population: 205,465 (2022 estimate). which is incorporated separately as a city of oblast significance and does not belong to the raion. The last estimates of the population of the raion, reported by the Ukrainian government, were 11,644 (2020 est.); 12,039 (2013 est.).

The area of the raion is controlled by Russia, which continues to use the pre-2020 administrative divisions of Ukraine.