hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kanysh-Kyya
Kanysh-Kyya (Kyrgyz: Каныш-Кыя; Russian: Каныш-Кия, romanized: Kanysh-Kiya) is a village in the Chatkal river valley of Jalal-Abad Region, Kyrgyzstan. Its population was 4,805 in 2021. It is the administrative seat of Chatkal District. It is served by the Kanysh-Kiya Airport.

Jalal-Abad Region
Jalal-Abad (/dʒəˈlɑːl əˈbɑːd/; Kyrgyz: [dʒɑˌɫɑɫɑˈbɑt]) is a region (oblus) of Kyrgyzstan. Its capital is Manas. It is surrounded by (clockwise from the north) Talas Region, Chüy Region, Naryn Region, Osh Region, and Uzbekistan. Jalal-Abad Region was established on 21 November 1939. On 27 January 1959 it became a part of Osh Region, but regained its old status as a region on 14 December 1990. Its total area is 32,418 km2 (12,517 sq mi). The resident population of the region was 1,260,617 as of January 2021. The region has a sizeable Uzbek (24.8% in 2009) minority.
Sequences (book)
Sequences is a mathematical monograph on integer sequences. It was written by Heini Halberstam and Klaus Roth, published in 1966 by the Clarendon Press, and republished in 1983 with minor corrections by Springer-Verlag. Although planned to be part of a two-volume set, the second volume was never published.

Schnirelmann density
In additive number theory, the Schnirelmann density of a sequence of numbers is a way to measure how "dense" the sequence is. It is named after Soviet mathematician Lev Schnirelmann, who was the first to study it.
Holcroft
Holcroft is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bert Holcroft (born 1935), English rugby player, coach and writer

Charles Holcroft (disambiguation), several people

Fanny Margaretta Holcroft (1780–1844), writer

Francis Holcroft (1629?–1693), English minister

George Holcroft (1856–1951), English mine owner and baronet

Harold Holcroft (1882–1973), English railway engineer
Holcroft valve gear

Henry Holcroft (1586–1650), English politician

John Holcroft (disambiguation), several people

M. H. Holcroft (1902-1993), New Zealand essayist and novelist

Patrick Holcroft (born 1948), English soldier and banker

Peter Holcroft (1931-2009), 3rd baronet

Rosemary Charlotte Holcroft (1942-2000), South African botanical illustrator

Sam Holcroft, British playwright

Thomas Holcroft (disambiguation), several people

Holcroft Blood (c. 1660 – 1707), Anglo-Irish soldier

Phoebe Holcroft Watson (1898-1980), British tennis player

Patrick Holcroft
Lieutenant Colonel Patrick Roy Holcroft CVO OBE (born 17 March 1948) is a former British Army officer and banker who served as Lord-Lieutenant of Worcestershire, the British monarch's personal representative in the county, from 2012 to 2023.
Rati Ram
Rati Ram (September 10, 1934 – March 23, 2024) was an Indian-American academic who was a distinguished professor of economics at Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois, specializing in the economics of education.

Ram was born on September 10, 1934. He got his M.A. in philosophy and economics at Delhi University, and his M.A. and Ph.D. in economics at University of Chicago in 1977. From 1986 he was Distinguished Professor at Illinois State University.

Ram retired in December 2023, and died on March 23, 2024, at the age of 89.

Normal, Illinois
Normal is a town in McLean County, Illinois, United States. The population was 52,736 at the 2020 census. Normal is the smaller of two principal cities of the Bloomington–Normal metropolitan area, and is Illinois's seventh most populous community outside the Chicago metropolitan area. It is home to Illinois State University and Heartland Community College.

Founded in 1865, it was renamed Normal in 1867, because the university when it began was focused on educating teachers (a normal institute), Illinois State Normal University. Chris Koos has been the mayor of Normal since 2003.
Ray Giannelli
Raymond John Giannelli (born February 5, 1966) is an American former professional baseball third baseman. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Toronto Blue Jays during the 1991 season and for the St. Louis Cardinals in 1995.

Giannelli attended Walter G. O'Connell Copiague High School and played college baseball at NYIT.: B5  He was drafted by the Blue Jays in the 38th round of the 1988 Major League Baseball draft. He was named a South Atlantic League All-Star in 1989 while playing for the Myrtle Beach Blue Jays.: B1

Giannelli was released twice by two different organizations during the 1996 season, the first two times he was released during his career.

His father played professional baseball for seven years in the Detroit Tigers farm system.: B5  Giannelli and his wife, Michelle, had a son, Matthew, in 1996.

Myrtle Beach Blue Jays
The Myrtle Beach Blue Jays were a minor league baseball team based in Myrtle Beach, South Carolina. They began play in the South Atlantic League in 1987 after being relocated from Florence, South Carolina (Florence Blue Jays). They played at the 3500 seat Coastal Carolina College Stadium (and later as Charles Watson Stadium) and were a minor league club of the Toronto Blue Jays. During this time the Hurricanes would see players such as Carlos Delgado; Steve Karsay; Derek Bell; Pat Hentgen and Chris Weinke would wear their uniform.  The club was renamed the Myrtle Beach Hurricanes in 1991. The team was sold after the 1992 season and relocated to Maryland as the Hagerstown Suns (replacing an Eastern League franchise of the same name).
Sheepscot Pond
Sheepscot Pond (also called Sheepscot Lake) is the third-largest lake in Waldo County, Maine. It is in the township of Palermo, on the western edge of Waldo County.

The lake has a maximum depth of 150 feet with well-oxygenated water. It contains more than 20 species of fish, and has historically been stocked with salmon, lake trout, and brook trout. Attempts have been made to limit the lamprey eel population by closing the Alaskan Steep-Pass fishway to anadromous fish during their spawning migrations.

The Maine Department of Environmental Protection has rated the water quality of Sheepscot Pond as average, with total phosphorus concentrations of 5-10 parts per billion, and no significant positive or negative trend in Secchi disk transparencies.

The lake provides water for the Palermo Fish Cultural Station.

Secchi disk
The Secchi disk (or Secchi disc), as created in 1865 by Angelo Secchi, is a plain white, circular disk 30 cm (12 in) in diameter used to measure water transparency or turbidity in bodies of water. The disc is mounted on a pole or line and lowered slowly down in the water. The depth at which the disk is no longer visible is taken as a measure of the transparency of the water. This measure is known as the Secchi depth and is related to water turbidity. Since its invention, the disk has also been used in a modified, smaller 20 cm (8 in) diameter, black-and-white design to measure freshwater transparency.

Similar disks, with a black-and-yellow pattern, are used as fiducial markers on vehicles in crash tests, crash-test dummies, and other kinetic experiments.
MG-167 (Minas Gerais highway)
MG-167 is a Brazilian road located on southern Minas Gerais state. It is 96.6 km long and is all paved. The road starts at the junction with the road BR-265, on Santana da Vargem and ends at a junction with the road BR-267 in Cambuquira, passing through the municipalities of Três Pontas, Varginha and Três Corações.

Três Corações
Três Corações (Brazilian Portuguese: [ˈtɾe(j)s koɾaˈsõjs]) is a municipality in the south of Minas Gerais state in Brazil. As of 2020, the city population was estimated at 80,032, making it one of the largest cities in the south of Minas Gerais. The city is geographically located close to the circumcenter of the three largest metropolitan areas in Brazil (Belo Horizonte, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo), thus making it a strategic hub for commerce. Três Corações is internationally famous for being the birthplace of football legend Pelé.
Urbis
Urbis is a building in Manchester, England, designed by Ian Simpson, which opened in 2002 as part of the redevelopment of Exchange Square. Originally a Museum of the City, a switch was made in 2005-06 to presenting exhibitions on popular culture alongside talks, gigs and special events. Urbis closed in 2010, reopening in 2012 as the National Football Museum.

Millennium Commission
The Millennium Commission, a United Kingdom public body, was set up to celebrate the turn of the millennium. It used funding raised through the UK National Lottery to assist communities in marking the close of the second millennium and celebrating the start of the third. The body was wound up in 2006.
Mount Asgard
Mount Asgard (Inuktitut: ᓯᕙᓂᑎᕈᑎᖑᐊᒃ, Sivanitirutinguak) is a twin peaked mountain with two flat-topped, cylindrical, rock towers, separated by a saddle. It is located in Auyuittuq National Park, on the Cumberland Peninsula of Baffin Island, Nunavut, Canada. The peak is named after Asgard, the realm of the Æsir (gods) in Norse mythology. Mount Asgard is perhaps the most famous of the Baffin Mountains.

Cumberland Peninsula
Cumberland Peninsula is a peninsula in the southeastern part of Baffin Island in Nunavut, Canada. It is located between 64°56' and 67°57' north latitude, and 61°56' to 68° west longitude. The Arctic Circle crosses the peninsula, with the Labrador Sea to the southeast, and the Davis Strait to the east, which lies between the peninsula and Greenland. The Cumberland Sound lies to the southwest, separating the Cumberland Peninsula from the Hall Peninsula, which is also part of Baffin Island.

The Cumberland Peninsula is part of the Arctic Tundra biome—the world's coldest and driest biome—as is the rest of Baffin Island. The terrain is mountainous, and Mt. Odin, near the Arctic Circle, rises 7,044 ft (2,147 m).

The peninsula is home to Pangnirtung, which lies on the southwest coast, and the Auyuittuq National Park.
Ankita Shorey
Ankita Shorey, is an Indian actress, model, and beauty pageant titleholder, who was crowned the Femina Miss International 2011, and represented India at the Miss International 2011. She was featured in the Canadian documentary: The World Before Her, presented by Anurag Kashyap, and was written and directed by Nisha Pahuja.

Gitanjali Group
Gitanjali Group was one of the largest branded jewellery retailers in the world. It was headquartered in Mumbai, India. Gitanjali used to sell its jewellery through over 4,000 Points of Sale and held a market share of over 50 per cent of the overall organised jewellery market in India. Prominent brands housed by the group included Nakshatra, D'damas, Gili, Asmi, Sangini, Maya, Giantti, World of Solitaire and Shuddhi. It was closed following Punjab National Bank Fraud more commonly known as Nirav Modi Fraud.
Zhemchuzhny
Zhemchuzhny (Russian: Жемчужный; Komi-Permyak: Нӧрыс, Nörys) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Kebratskoye Rural Settlement, Gaynsky District, Perm Krai, Russia. The population was 240 as of 2010. There are 9 streets.

Komi-Permyak language
Komi-Permyak (перем коми кыв, IPA: [ˈperem ˈkomi kɨv], or коми-пермяцкӧй кыв, IPA: [ˈkomi perˈmʲɑtskəj kɨv]), also known as Permyak, is one of two Permic varieties in the Uralic language family that form a pluricentric language, the other being Komi-Zyryan. Udmurt is another Permic language spoken outside of the region and not a member of the Komi pluricentric language.

The Komi-Permyak language, spoken in Perm Krai of Russia and written using the Komi Cyrillic alphabet, was co-official with Russian in the Komi-Permyak Okrug of Perm Krai.
Tumor board review
Tumor board review is conducted when teams of expert physicians meet to review and discuss complex patients with a diagnosis of cancer. It is a treatment planning approach in which a number of doctors who are experts in different medical specialties review and discuss the medical condition and treatment options of a patient. In cancer treatment, a tumor board review may include that of a medical oncologist (who provides cancer treatment with drugs), a surgical oncologist (who provides cancer treatment with surgery), and a radiation oncologist (who provides cancer treatment with radiation).

Surgical oncology
Surgical oncology is the branch of surgery applied to oncology; it focuses on the surgical management of tumors, especially cancerous tumors.

As one of several modalities in the management of cancer, the specialty of surgical oncology has evolved in steps similar to medical oncology (pharmacotherapy for cancer), which grew out of hematology, and radiation oncology, which grew out of radiology. The Ewing Society—known today as the Society of Surgical Oncology—was started by surgeons interested in promoting the field of oncology. In 2011, the American Board of Surgery ratified Complex General Surgical Oncology via a specialty Board certification. The field was expected to continue expanding via the proliferation of cancer centers, as well as advanced minimally invasive techniques, palliative surgery, and neo-adjuvant treatments.
Frans Maassen
Franciscus ("Frans") Albertus Antonius Johannes Maassen (born 27 January 1965 in Haelen, Limburg) is a directeur sportif. He was a professional road racing cyclist between 1987 and 1995. He completed seven Tour de France stage races, including the 1990 Tour de France where he was involved in the Stage 1 breakaway that caused the rest of the race to be the most surprising Tour in over a decade. He was the only one of the four breakaway riders not to wear the maillot jaune, but he won the stage. He twice won the Tour of Belgium, and won the 1994 Tour de Luxembourg.

Since 2005, Maassen has been the assistant directeur sportif of the Rabobank, a Netherlands-based UCI ProTour team.

General classification in the Tour de France
The general classification of the Tour de France is the most important classification of the race and determines the winner of the race. Since 1919, the leader of the general classification has worn the yellow jersey (French: maillot jaune [majo ʒon]).
ASW Handicap Chase
The ASW Handicap Chase was a National Hunt handicap chase in England which was open to horses aged five years and older.

It was run at Cheltenham over a distance of 4 miles and 1 furlong (6,637 metres), and was scheduled to take place each year on New Year's Day.

The race was first run in 1928 as the Stayers' Handicap Chase during the final week of December. It was renamed the Fred Withington Handicap Chase in 1952. From 1975 the race was sponsored by Bass and then later by Food Brokers Ltd and Intasun.

From 1998 the race was known as the Miles Gosling Handicap, after a previous chairman of Cheltenham Racecourse who died in 1997, aged 69.

National Hunt racing
National Hunt Racing, also known as Jump Racing, is a form of horse racing particular to many European countries, including, but not limited to:  France, Great Britain and Ireland. Jump Racing requires horses to jump over fences and ditches.

In the UK, National Hunt Racing is divided into two major distinct branches: Hurdling and Steeplechase, as well as flat races called “Bumpers”. Hurdling involves horses jumping over Hurdles, while Steeplechase involves the horses jumping over a variety of different obstacles that includes fences, water jump or an open ditch. Some of the biggest National Hunt events of the year in the UK are the Grand National and the Cheltenham Gold Cup.
Crux simplex
The term crux simplex was used by Justus Lipsius (1547–1606) to indicate a plain transom-less wooden stake used for executing either by affixing the victim to it or by impaling him with it  (Simplex [...] voco, cum in uno simplicique ligno fit affixio, aut infixio). He thus distinguished two types of crux simplex: the crux simplex ad affixionem and the crux simplex ad infixionem.

Lipsius contrasted the crux simplex (both variations) with the two-timber structure that he called a crux compacta (Compacta Crux est, quae manu facta, idque e duplici ligno), and that he subdivided into three types: crux decussata (X-shaped), crux commissa (T-shaped) and crux immissa (†-shaped).

All these linguistic terms are of Lipsius's own invention and were not in use in ancient Roman times, however all of these forms of execution were used by the Romans, dating back to the Roman Republic.

Justus Lipsius
Justus Lipsius (Joest Lips or Joost Lips; October 18, 1547 – March 23, 1606) was a Flemish Catholic philologist, philosopher, and humanist. Lipsius wrote a series of works designed to revive ancient Stoicism in a form that would be compatible with Christianity. The most famous of these is De Constantia (On Constancy). His form of Stoicism influenced a number of contemporary thinkers, creating the intellectual movement of Neostoicism. He taught at the universities in Jena, Leiden, and Leuven.
Phạm Bành
Phạm Bành (chữ Hán: 范澎; 1827–1887) was a Vietnamese anti-French nationalist revolutionary, who led the Can Vuong's military operations in Thanh Hóa Province in north central Vietnam. He surrendered after his mother and children were captured to gain their release and then committed suicide.

Cần Vương movement
The Cần Vương (Vietnamese: [kə̂n vɨəŋ], chữ Hán: 勤王, lit. 'Aid the King') movement was a large-scale Vietnamese insurgency between 1885 and 1896 against French colonial rule. Its objective was to expel the French and install the Hàm Nghi Emperor as the leader of a restored independent Vietnam. The movement lacked a coherent national structure and consisted mainly of regional leaders who attacked French troops in their own provinces. The movement initially prospered as there were only a few French garrisons in Annam, but failed after the French recovered from the surprise of the insurgency and poured troops into Annam from bases in Tonkin and Cochinchina. The insurrection in Annam spread and flourished in 1886, reached its climax the following year and gradually faded out by 1889.
Gertrude Maud Robinson
Gertrude Maud Robinson (née Walsh; 1886–1954) was an influential British organic chemist most famous for her work on plant pigments; the Piloty-Robinson Pyrrole Synthesis, which is named for her; her syntheses of fatty acids; and her synthesis of δ-hexenolactone, the first synthetic molecule with the character of penicillin. Robinson was born on 6 February 1886 in Winsford, Cheshire and died of a heart attack on 1 March 1954, in Oxfordshire, aged 68.

Fatty acid
In chemistry, particularly in biochemistry, a fatty acid is a carboxylic acid with an aliphatic chain, which is either saturated or unsaturated. Most naturally occurring fatty acids have an unbranched chain of an even number of carbon atoms, from 4 to 28. Fatty acids are a major component of the lipids (up to 70% by weight) in some species such as microalgae but in some other organisms are not found in their standalone form, but instead exist as three main classes of esters: triglycerides, phospholipids, and cholesteryl esters. In any of these forms, fatty acids are both important dietary sources of fuel for animals and important structural components for cells.
Awning
An awning or overhang is a secondary covering attached to the exterior wall of a building. It is typically composed of canvas woven of acrylic, cotton or polyester yarn, or vinyl laminated to polyester fabric that is stretched tightly over a light structure of aluminium, iron or steel, possibly wood or transparent material (used to cover solar thermal panels in the summer, but that must allow as much light as possible in the winter). The configuration of this structure is something of a truss, space frame or planar frame. Awnings are also often constructed of aluminium understructure with aluminium sheeting. These aluminium awnings are often used when a fabric awning is not a practical application where snow load as well as wind loads may be a factor.

Space frame
A space frame or space structure (3D truss) is a rigid, lightweight, truss-like structure constructed from interlocking struts in a geometric pattern. Space frames can be used in architecture and structural engineering to span large areas with few interior supports. Like the truss, a space frame is strong because of the inherent rigidity of the triangle; flexing loads (bending moments) are transmitted as tension and compression loads along the length of each strut.

Chief applications include buildings and vehicles.
Chōzetsu Dynamic!
"Chōzetsu Dynamic!" (Japanese: 超絶☆ダイナミック！, Hepburn: Chōzetsu Dainamikku; "Excellent Dynamic!", written in English as "Cho-Zets Dynamic!") is the fourteenth single by Japanese rock musician Kazuya Yoshii, released on October 7, 2015, by Triad/Nippon Columbia. It is the first opening theme song of the Dragon Ball Super anime series. The single reached number 13 on both the Oricon Singles Chart and Billboard Japan's Hot 100.

Alain Johannes
Alain Johannes Mociulski (born May 2, 1962) is a Chilean-American multi-instrumentalist and vocalist, whose primary instruments are guitar and bass. He is a founding member of several bands, including the alternative rock group Eleven, and has been involved with acts such as hard rock band Queens of the Stone Age, Them Crooked Vultures, PJ Harvey, Chris Cornell, Arctic Monkeys, Mark Lanegan and The Desert Sessions, both as a musician and as a producer.

Alain Johannes is a nephew of Chilean nueva ola musician Peter Rock.  He was born in Santiago. He was married to Natasha Shneider from 1987 until her death in 2008.
1982 German Formula Three Championship
The 1982 German Formula Three Championship (German: 1982 Deutsche Formel-3-Meisterschaft) was a multi-event motor racing championship for single-seat open wheel formula racing cars in Germany, Belgium and Austria. The championship featured drivers competing in two-litre Formula Three racing cars which conformed to the technical regulations, or formula, for the championship. It commenced on 28 March at Nürburgring and ended at Kassel-Calden on 3 October after ten rounds.

Volkswagen Motorsport driver John Nielsen became first Danish champion of the German Formula Three Championship. He dominated the championship, finishing ahead of all of his championship rivals in all seven races he was able to finish. His main title rival Bruno Eichmann had only won race at Salzburgring which wasn't attended by Nielsen. Gerhard Berger completed the top-three in the drivers standings. Franz Konrad was the only other driver who won race in the season.

Franz Konrad (racing driver)
Franz Konrad (born 8 June 1951 in Graz, Austria) is a former race driver and founder of Konrad Motorsport in 1976.

As a driver, Konrad won the 1983 German Formula Three Championship in an Anson SA4-Toyota. In 1990, he took a career best second in the 1990 24 Hours of Le Mans driving a Jaguar, then followed this with an overall victory in the 1993 24 Hours Nürburgring driving a Porsche 911. He was also one of the drivers of the class winning at the 24 Hours of Daytona in 1998 driving a Porsche GT2 Twin Turbo.

Konrad was also constructor of the Konrad KM-011, a Group C sportscar using Lamborghini power.
Fabian Hertner
Fabian Hertner (born 24 February 1985) is a Swiss orienteering competitor. He became Junior World Champion in the middle distance in 2005. Hertner runs for Kalevan Rasti in club competitions.

He won a silver medal in sprint at the 2009 World Orienteering Championships in Miskolc, Hungary and a bronze in middle at the 2012 in Col de la Givrine.

Col de la Givrine
Col de la Givrine (el. 1228 m.) is a high mountain pass in the Jura Mountains in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland, near the border with France.

It connects Nyon in Switzerland and Morez in France. The maximum grade of the pass road is 8 percent. The pass is crossed by the Nyon–St-Cergue–La Cure railway, although the railway stops at the French border. It is the highest railway in the Jura Mountains.