hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jasov Cave
Jasov Cave (Slovak: Jasovská jaskyňa, and Hungarian: Jászói barlang) is a speleothem limestone cave and archaeological site in the Slovak Karst in Slovakia. It is located near the village of Jasov, around 25 km (16 mi) from Košice city. Along with a number of caves of the Slovak Karst, Jasov Cave has been added to the UNESCO World Heritage list as a part of the Caves of Aggtelek Karst and Slovak Karst site, because of its unique diversity of speleothems and its testimony to tropical and temperate cave-forming processes. The cave is known for its pagoda-like stalagmites, sinter waterfalls, and straw stalactites.

Jasov Cave is a total of 2.8 km long, with an air temperature that ranges from 8.8 and 9.4°C. The cave provides habitat for 18 species of bats, and remains of the extinct cave bear and cave hyena have been discovered within the cave.

Speleothem
A speleothem (/ˈspiːliəθɛm/; from Ancient Greek  σπήλαιον (spḗlaion) 'cave' and  θέμα (théma) 'deposit') is a geological formation made by mineral deposits that accumulate over time in natural caves. They can take a variety of forms, depending on their depositional history and environment. Common forms include stalagmites, stalactites, and flowstones.

Speleothems most commonly form in calcareous caves due to carbonate dissolution reactions. Their chemical composition, gradual growth, and preservation in caves make them useful paleoclimatic proxies.
HMS Duchess of York
Two vessels that have served the British Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Duchess of York or Dutchess of York, in honour of the Duchess of York:

Duchess of York was a hired armed cutter that served under contract between 9 March 1795 and 2 January 1799. She was of 54 tons (bm), and was armed with six 4-pounder guns. The ending date of the contract may be incorrect. On 5 March 1799 she captured the French ship Thomas. She may also have been the cutter Duchess of York that together with the cutter Fly brought into Portsmouth in February 1800, the French privateer schooners Dorade and Honfleur.

HMS Duchess of York was launched at Calcutta in 1801. She served in the expedition to the Red Sea in 1802 and was then sold into mercantile trade. She made some voyages to Port Jackson, New South Wales, and was wrecked in February 1811 off the coast of Madagascar.

HMS Duchess of York (1801)
Duchess of York was built in 1801 at Calcutta, British India, for the Royal Navy. She served in support of the expedition to the Red Sea (1801-1802) and apparently then was sold for the mercantile trade. She traded in the East Indies, and made some voyages to Port Jackson, New South Wales. Duchess of York was wrecked along the coastline of Madagascar in 1811.
Gal'ed
Gal'ed (Hebrew: גַּלְעֵד, lit. 'Monument') is a kibbutz in northern Israel. Located in the Menashe Heights with an area of 14,500 dunams, it falls under the jurisdiction of Megiddo Regional Council. In 2022 it had a population of 491.

Megiddo Regional Council
The Megiddo Regional Council (Hebrew: מועצה אזורית מגידו, Mo'atza Azorit Megido) is a regional council in northern Israel encompassing land on the Menashe Plateau, and partly in the Jezreel Valley. The council is bounded by the city of Yokneam Illit to the north, and the Carmel mountain range to the east, and houses about 9,600 people on nine kibbutzim, and four moshavim located in its municipal territory.

The council is named after the ancient city of Megiddo, with the remains of this ancient city being located in the proximity of kibbutz Megiddo, in the territory of the council. The Head of the Regional Council from 2024 is Gil Lin.
Buchta
Buchta (feminine: Buchtová) is a Czech surname. The Czech word buchta has two meanings: it refers to the sweet pastry Buchteln, and it also means 'unfired brick'. The surname probably originated as a designation of the occupation of someone who works with buchtas, but it could also have originated as a nickname for a person with limited mobility. Notable people with the surname include:

David Buchta (born 1999), Czech footballer

Karel Buchta (1897–1959), Czech soldier and skier

Luboš Buchta (born 1967), Czech cross-country skier

Miloš Buchta (born 1980), Czech footballer

Petr Buchta (born 1992), Czech footballer

Richard Buchta (1845–1894), Austrian explorer

Luboš Buchta
Lubomír Buchta (born 16 May 1967 in Nové Město na Moravě) is a Czech cross-country skier who competed from 1989 to 1999. Competing in three Winter Olympics, his best finish was seventh in the 4 × 10 km relay at Albertville in 1992 while his best individual finish was 13th twice (30 km: 1992, 50 km: 1998).

Buchta's best finish at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships was fifth in the 10 km event at Val di Fiemme in 1991. His best World Cup finish was third in a 50 km event in Norway in 1992.

Buchta earned four FIS race victories up to 15 km from 1994 to 1997.
Dan Lowe
Dan Lowe is a Kansas City based real estate developer who has developed retail projects around the country, among them the Legends Outlets Kansas City. One of the early proponents of open-air shopping malls, called lifestyle centers, Lowe and his companies have sometimes generated controversy for a reliance on public/private partnerships. Such a partnership was successful in Wyandotte County, as the public bonds for the Legends Outlets were retired ahead of schedule. Lowe is currently the CEO of Legacy Development.

In 2014 Lowe was a member of the inaugural class of the University of Missouri-Kansas City Bloch School of Business Entrepreneur Hall of Fame. Lowe is also the recipient of four liver transplants.

Wyandotte County, Kansas
Wyandotte County (/ˈwaɪ.əndɒt/) is a county in the U.S. state of Kansas.  Its county seat and most populous city is Kansas City, with which it shares a unified government.  As of the 2020 census, the population was 169,245, making it Kansas's fourth-most populous county.  The county was named after the Wyandot tribe.
Wolmar (surname)
Wolmar is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bent Wolmar (1937–2024), Danish footballer

Christian Wolmar (born 1949), British journalist, politician and railway historian

Isabel Wolmar (1933–2019), actor

Melchior Wolmar (1497–1560)

See also Valmiera, city in Latvia.

Bent Wolmar
Bent Wolmar (8 August 1937 – 6 September 2024) was a Danish footballer who played as a defender. During his club career he played for AGF. He earned six caps for the Denmark national team, and was in the finals squad for the 1964 European Nations' Cup. Wolmar died on 6 September 2024, at the age of 87.
It's Over (Level 42 song)
"It's Over" is a song by English jazz-funk band Level 42. Released in 1987 as the fourth single from their album Running in the Family, it reached number 10 on the UK Singles Chart (becoming the band's sixth and final UK Top 10 hit).

Jazz-funk
Jazz-funk is a subgenre of jazz music characterized by a strong back beat, electrified sounds, and analog synthesizers.  The integration of funk, soul, and R&B music and styles into jazz resulted in the creation of a genre that ranges from pure jazz improvisation to soul, funk or disco with jazz arrangements, jazz riffs, jazz solos, and sometimes soul vocals. Similar genres to jazz funk include acid jazz.
Texas, Oklahoma and Eastern Railroad
The Texas, Oklahoma and Eastern Railroad (reporting mark TOE) is a Class III short-line railroad owned by Patriot Rail Company of Jacksonville, Florida, with 39.3 miles of track in southeastern Oklahoma.   It is operated along with its affiliate, the De Queen and Eastern Railroad (reporting mark DQE), in southwest Arkansas, as a single combined railroad with 91 miles of track.  Specifically, the TOE runs from Valliant, Oklahoma through Wright City, Broken Bow, and Eagletown to the Oklahoma/Arkansas border, where the DQE continues through De Queen, Lockesburg and Dierks to Perkins, Arkansas.

Patriot Rail Company
Patriot Rail Company LLC (Patriot Rail) is a holding company for a number of shortline railroads across the United States.

In June 2012, Patriot Rail was acquired by SteelRiver Infrastructure Partners (SteelRiver).

On August 8, 2022 Patriot Rail announced that it was to acquire Pioneer Lines.
Ieva Kubliņa
Ieva Kubliņa (born 8 July 1982) is a Latvian women's basketball player. She last played in Euroleague Women for Turkish powerhouse Fenerbahçe Istanbul. She competed with Latvia women's national basketball team at the 2008 Summer Olympics, where she scored 47 points in 5 games, including 18 in a loss to South Korea. She played college basketball at Virginia Tech, in Blacksburg, VA. Her accomplishments led to her enshrinement in the Virginia Tech Sports Hall of Fame.

South Korea women's national basketball team
The South Korea women's national basketball team (Korean: 대한민국 여자농구 국가대표팀; recognized as Korea by FIBA) represents South Korea in international women's basketball competitions. They are administered by the Korea Basketball Association.
Kannada Nadu Party
Kannada Nadu Party was a political party in Karnataka, India, founded by Vijay Sankeshwar. It had contested elections in 2004. It later merged into Janata Dal (Secular).  Sankeshwar started the party after quitting the Bharatiya Janata Party that he was a member of. His party contested all seats at the 2004 election. Actor Dwarakish served as vice-president of the party during that time.

Dwarakish
Bungle Shama Rao Dwarakanath (19 August 1942 – 16 April 2024), known by his stage name Dwarakish (/ˈdwɑːrkɪʃ/ DWAR-kish), was an Indian actor, comedian and filmmaker who predominantly worked in Kannada cinema in addition to few Tamil, Telugu and Hindi films. Starting his career as a supporting actor in Veera Sankalpa (1964) and co-producer for the film Mamatheya Madilu in 1966, Dwarakish went on to work over five decades in cinema. He debuted as a director with the film Nee Bareda Kadambari (1985).

Fondly remembered as "Karnatakada Kulla" (lit. 'Dwarf of Karnataka'), Dwarakish produced over 50 films under his home production called "Dwarakish Chitra". Mayor Muthanna (1969) was the first film to be produced under his banner. He is referred to be the "First showman of Kannada cinema" for his daring and lavish experiments and his films were known for grand sets, songs and exotic locations.
New Hampshire v. Maine
New Hampshire v. Maine, 426 U.S. 363 (1977), was an original jurisdiction case in which the Supreme Court of the United States held that the boundary between the states of New Hampshire and Maine was fixed by the 1740 decree of King George II of Great Britain.  Both sides entered into a consent decree which was accepted by the special master appointed by the Court.

Original jurisdiction
In common law legal systems, original jurisdiction of a court is the power to hear a case for the first time, as opposed to appellate jurisdiction, when a higher court has the power to review a lower court's decision.
Akşehir railway station
Akşehir station (Turkish: Akşehir istasyonu) is the railway station in the city of Akşehir, Turkey. It is in use since 1894.

Akşehir is an ilçe (district) in Konya Province. The station is to the north of Akşehir at 38°22′07″N 31°26′36″E﻿ / ﻿38.36861°N 31.44333°E﻿ / 38.36861; 31.44333. Its elevation is 997 metres (3,271 ft)  The railroad lies parallel to the Turkish state road  D.300.

The station was built in 1894 as the terminal of Afyon-Akşehir railroad during the Ottoman Empire era. Initially it was put into service by Anatolische Eisenbahngesellschaft – Chemins de Fer Ottomans d'Anatolie. On 29 July 1896 when the railroad was expanded, it became a mid station on 427 kilometres (265 mi) long Konya-Eskişehir railroad. Later in 1927, during the Turkish Republic era, it was acquired by Turkish State Railways.

Chemins de fer Ottomans d'Anatolie
The Chemins de Fer Ottomans d'Anatolie (Turkish: Osmanlı Anadolu Demiryolları, English: Anatolian Railway), founded on 4 October 1888, was a railway company that operated in the Ottoman Empire. The company was headquartered in Istanbul.

The CFOA was the busiest railway in the Ottoman Empire and was one of the two railways operating into Istanbul, along with the Chemins de fer Orientaux. The Baghdad Railway (Istanbul-Aleppo-Baghdad) connected with the CFOA at Konya to allow rail transport from Istanbul to the Middle East, although the Baghdad railway was not completed until 1940. The CFOA serviced major cities such as Istanbul, İzmit, Adapazarı, Bilecik, Eskişehir, Ankara, Kütahya and Konya. The railway also operated the Port of Haydarpaşa and the Port of Derince.

The railway was a wholly owned subsidiary of the Société du Chemin de fer Ottoman d'Anatolie, created on 8 October 1888 by the Deutsche Bank to operate the railway.
Loch Insh
Loch Insh is a loch in the Scottish Highlands. It is situated in the Cairngorms National Park on the River Spey, in the heart of Badenoch and Strathspey, immediately downstream of the Insh Marshes. It is around six miles (10 km) south-west of Aviemore and five miles (8 km) north-east of Kingussie. The nearest village to the loch is Kincraig, just to the north.

The loch is a popular location for sailing, windsurfing and kayaking/canoeing, and has a watersports and outdoor centre on the eastern side of the loch. It is also a popular fishing spot for Brown trout and Pike, either from the banks or a boat, although a permit is required.

Loch Insh is roughly rectangular, about 1.4 km (0.9 mi) long and 0.8 km (0.5 mi) wide, with a small island Tom Dubh near the outlet. The loch is generally shallow 11.4 m (37 ft), and located at a medium altitude 214 m (702 ft) above Ordnance datum.

Ordnance datum
An ordnance datum (OD) is a vertical datum used by an Ordnance Survey as the basis for deriving altitudes on maps. A spot height may be expressed as above ordnance datum (AOD). Usually mean sea level (MSL) at a particular place is used for the datum.
Erwin Madelung
Erwin Madelung (18 May 1881 – 1 August 1972) was a German physicist.
He was born in 1881 in Bonn. His father was the surgeon Otto Wilhelm Madelung. He earned a doctorate in 1905 from the University of Göttingen, specializing in crystal structure, and eventually became a professor. It was during this time he developed the Madelung constant, which characterizes the net electrostatic effects of all ions in a crystal lattice, and is used to determine the energy of one ion.

In 1921 he succeeded Max Born as the Chair of Theoretical Physics at the Goethe University Frankfurt, which he held until his retirement in 1949. He specialized in atomic physics and quantum mechanics, and it was during this time he developed the Madelung equations, an alternative form of the Schrödinger equation.

He is also known for the Madelung rule, which states that atomic orbitals are filled in order of increasing  quantum numbers.

Electrostatics
Electrostatics is a branch of physics that studies slow-moving or stationary electric charges on macroscopic objects where quantum effects can be neglected. Under these circumstances, the electric field, electric potential, and the charge density are related without complications from magnetic effects.

Since classical antiquity, it has been known that some materials, such as amber, attract lightweight particles after rubbing. The Greek word ḗlektron (ἤλεκτρον), meaning 'amber', was thus the root of the word electricity. Electrostatic phenomena arise from the forces that electric charges exert on each other. Such forces are described by Coulomb's law.

There are many examples of electrostatic phenomena, from those as simple as the attraction of plastic wrap to one's hand after it is removed from a package, to the apparently spontaneous explosion of grain silos, the damage of electronic components during manufacturing, and photocopier and laser printer operation.
Na fir bolg
Na Fir Bolg is a  folk music festival, held annually in Vorselaar, Belgium. The festival always takes place on the first weekend of July.

The festival started in 1995 and has grown from a single evening to a three-day festival. It is now the biggest festival in Antwerp (6,000 visitors in 2009).

A few known groups who have played at Na Fir Bolg are: 
The Albion Band, John Kirkpatrick, Robb Johnson, Yevgueni, Bram Vermeulen, Mira, De Mens, The Popes and Anam.

The Albion Band
The Albion Band, also known as The Albion Country Band, The Albion Dance Band, and The Albion Christmas Band, is a British folk rock band, originally brought together and led by musician Ashley Hutchings. An important grouping in the genre, it has contained or been associated with a large proportion of major English folk performers in its long and fluid history.

The one constant in the band's history has been the band leader Ashley Hutchings, founding member of two other English folk rock groupings Fairport Convention and Steeleye Span, and it has been the home for most of the projects of his long career, though in the 2011 incarnation of the band he has handed over the reins to his son Blair Dunlop. This version continued until 2014.

Hutchings continues to perform in a separate Christmas-themed incarnation (occasionally featuring Dunlop) The Albion Christmas Band that was first established in 2005.
Hilma Nicanor
Hilma Ndinelago Nicanor (born 3 May 1956 in Oshana Region) is a Namibian politician and woman activist. At the age of 18 she joined Swapo and its military wing, the People's Liberation Army of Namibia (PLAN) to contribute to the fight for Namibian independence. In 2004 she became the Councillor of the Keetmanshoop Urban constituency, and one of two representatives of the ǁKaras Region to the National Council of Namibia, the country's upper house. Since 2011 Nicanor is Namibia's Deputy Minister for Veteran Affairs.

Nicanor completed school in 1974 at Martin Luther High in Okombahe, and was further educated in Bulgaria.

National Council (Namibia)
The National Council is the upper chamber of Namibia's bicameral Parliament. It reviews bills passed by the lower chamber and makes recommendations for legislation of regional concern to the lower chamber.

The 42 National Council members are indirectly elected by regional councils for a term of five years. Each of the 14 regional councils chooses three of its members to serve on the National Council. The last regional council elections were held on 26 November 2025.

Political party distribution in the current National Council is as follows:

South West Africa People's Organisation (SWAPO) - 39 seats

Popular Democratic Movement (PDM) - 2 seats

United Democratic Front (UDF) - 1 seats

The National Council meets in the capital Windhoek in the National Council Building next to the Tintenpalast. The chairperson as of December 2020 is Lukas Muha.
Atlanta Union Station (1930)
The Union Station built in 1930 in Atlanta was the smaller of two principal train stations in downtown, Terminal Station being the other (the latter served  Southern Railway, Seaboard Air Line, Central of Georgia (including the Nancy Hanks to Savannah), and the Atlanta and West Point). It was the third "union station" or "union depot" (usage varied in the 19th century), succeeding the 1853 station, which the U.S. military destroyed in November 1864 along with other Confederate war infrastructure, and the 1871 station.

Nancy Hanks (train)
The Nancy Hanks was a popular Central of Georgia Railway and later Southern Railway passenger train in Georgia running between Atlanta and Savannah. It was named after a race horse that was named for Abraham Lincoln's mother. The name is even older than the mid-20th century train derived from that of a short-lived but famous steam special, the Nancy Hanks. The earlier Nancy operated in 1892 and 1893.
Acarospora thelococcoides
Acarospora thelococcoides is a pruinose (dusty whitish) verruculose (warty) crustose lichen that grows in patches up to 10 cm across that grows on soil (terricolous), especially soils made from decomposed granite.: 220  It grows from San Benito, California to Baja California, and inland to 930 metres (3,050 ft). Each roundish areole becomes more pruinose toward the top and typically has a single round  apothecium that is immersed with a dark brown disc, so as to appear like a collection of white rings. This appearance gives it the common name, soil eyes lichen.: 220

The asci are saccate, with variable numbers of spherical ascospores. Lichen spot tests are all negative, and it is UV-. It is an indicator of undisturbed soil habitats.

San Benito, California
San Benito (Spanish for "St. Benedict") is an unincorporated community in San Benito County, California, United States. San Benito is 18 miles (29 km) southeast of Paicines, both communities on the San Benito River. The community had a post office from 1869 to 1968. The population of San Benito-Bitterwater was 805 at the 2020 United States census.
Mitchell Sharp
Mitchell William Sharp PC CC FRCMT(hon) (11 May 1911 – 19 March 2004) was a Canadian civil servant and politician, most noted for his service as a Liberal Cabinet minister. He served in both the private and public sectors during his long career.

Cabinet of Canada
The Canadian Ministry (French: Conseil des ministres), colloquially referred to as the Cabinet of Canada (French: Cabinet du Canada), is a body of ministers of the Crown that, along with the Canadian monarch, and within the tenets of the Westminster system, forms the government of Canada. Chaired by the prime minister, the Cabinet is part of and acts on behalf of the King's Privy Council for Canada and the senior echelon of the Ministry, the membership of the Cabinet and Ministry often being co-terminal; as of March 2025 there were no members of the latter who were not also members of the former.

For practical reasons, the Cabinet is informally referred to either in relation to the prime minister in charge of it or the number of ministries since Confederation. The current Cabinet is the Cabinet of Mark Carney, which is part of the 30th Ministry. The interchangeable use of the terms cabinet and  ministry is a subtle inaccuracy that can cause confusion.
Gucci (surname)
Gucci (/ˈɡuːtʃi/ ⓘ GOO-chee, Italian: [ˈɡuttʃi]) is an Italian surname derived as a variant of Uguccione. Notable people with the surname include:

Alexandra Gucci Zarini (born 1985), children's rights activist

Aldo Gucci (1905–1990), Italian businessman and fashion designer

Guccio Gucci (1881–1953), Italian businessman and fashion designer

Mateo Gucci (1500–1550), Renaissance architect

Maurizio Gucci (1948–1995), Italian businessman

Niccolò Gucci (born 1990), Italian footballer

Paolo Gucci (1931–1995), Italian businessman and fashion designer

Patricia Gucci (born 1963), Italian businesswoman

Patrizia Gucci (née Reggiani, born 1948), ex-wife of Maurizio Gucci, later hirer of his murder

Rodolfo Gucci (1912–1983), Italian actor and entrepreneur

Aldo Gucci
Aldo Gucci (26 May 1905 – 19 January 1990) was an Italian personality and the chairman of Gucci from 1953 to 1986. He was the eldest biological son of Guccio Gucci, who founded the company bearing the family name in 1921.
Sălătrucu
Sălătrucu is a commune in Argeș County, in Muntenia, Romania. It is composed of two villages, Sălătrucu and Văleni.

The Battle of Sălătrucu took place here, 16–23 October 1916, during the Romanian Campaign of World War I.

Romanian campaign (1916)
After a series of quick tactical victories over the numerically overpowered Austro-Hungarian forces in Transylvania, in the autumn of 1916, the Romanian Army suffered a series of devastating defeats. These defeats forced the Romanian military and administration to withdraw to Western Moldavia, allowing the Central Powers to occupy two thirds of the national territory, including the Romanian capital, Bucharest.

The main causes of the Romanian Army’s defeat by the numerically inferior German and Austro-Hungarian forces in the campaign of 1916 were the major political interferences in the act of military supervision, the incompetence, the imposture and the cowardice of a significant part of the military echelon of conduct, as well as the lack of an adequate training and troops’ equipment for that specific type of war.