hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dense artery sign
In medicine, the dense artery sign or hyperdense artery sign is an increased radiodensity of an artery as seen on computer tomography (CT) scans, and is a radiologic sign of early ischemic stroke. In earlier studies of medical imaging in patients with strokes, it was the earliest sign of ischemic stroke in a significant minority of cases. Its appearance portends a poor prognosis for the patient.

The sign has been observed in the middle cerebral artery (MCA), posterior cerebral artery (PCA), vertebral artery, and basilar artery; these have been called the dense MCA sign, dense PCA sign, dense vertebral artery sign, and dense basilar artery sign, respectively.

Rarely, a hypodense artery sign can occur due to fat embolism.

Vertebral artery
The vertebral arteries are major arteries of the neck. Typically, the vertebral arteries originate from the subclavian arteries. Each vessel courses superiorly along each side of the neck, merging within the skull to form the single, midline basilar artery. As the supplying component of the vertebrobasilar vascular system, the vertebral arteries supply blood to the upper spinal cord, brainstem, cerebellum, and posterior part of brain.
2011–12 Toto Cup Leumit
The 2011–12 Toto Cup Leumit was the thirtieth season of the third most important football tournament in Israel since its introduction and the eighth under the current format. It was held in two stages. First, sixteen Liga Leumit teams were divided into four groups. The winners and runners-up were advanced to the Quarterfinals. Quarterfinals, Semifinals and Finals were held as one-legged matches, with the Final played at the Haberfeld Stadium in Rishon LeZion.

It began on 6 August 2011 and ended on 13 December 2011. Ironi Ramat HaSharon, making it their first Toto Cup title overall, due to the promotion in the previous season the club could not defend their title.

It was won on 13 December 2011 by Hapoel Ramat Gan.

Rishon LeZion
31°57′N 34°48′E﻿ / ﻿31.950°N 34.800°E﻿ / 31.950; 34.800

Rishon LeZion (Hebrew: רִאשׁוֹן לְצִיּוֹן (audio)ⓘ, lit. "First to Zion") is a city in Israel, located along the central Israeli coastal plain eight kilometres (5 mi) south of Tel Aviv. It is part of the Gush Dan metropolitan area. With a population of 258,680 as of 2023, Rishon LeZion is the fifth-largest city in Israel.

Founded in 1882 by Jewish immigrants from the Russian Empire who were part of the First Aliyah, it was the first settlement founded in Israel by the New Yishuv and the second Jewish farm settlement established in Ottoman Syria in the 19th century, after Petah Tikva.

The city is a member of Forum 15, which is an association of fiscally autonomous cities in Israel that do not depend on national balancing or development grants.
General regression neural network
Generalized regression neural network (GRNN) is a variation to radial basis neural networks. GRNN was suggested by D.F. Specht in 1991.

GRNN can be used for regression, prediction, and classification. GRNN can also be a good solution for online dynamical systems.

GRNN represents an improved technique in the neural networks based on the nonparametric regression. The idea is that every training sample will represent a mean to a radial basis neuron.

Prediction
A prediction (from Latin  prae- 'before' and  dictum 'something said') or  forecast is a statement about a future event or about future data. Predictions are often, but not always, based upon experience or knowledge of forecasters. There is no universal agreement about the exact difference between "prediction" and "estimation"; different authors and disciplines ascribe different connotations.

Future events are necessarily uncertain, so guaranteed accurate information about the future is impossible. Prediction can be useful to assist in making plans about possible developments.
Paul Bach
Paul Bach (born Paul George Roger Bach on 13 November 1938 in Forest Gate in London – died on 18 September 2011) was a regional press journalist and editor, at one time the editor-in-chief of the Celtic Press group and group editor of the Stratford Express series of newspapers, and the founder-editor of Saga Magazine, which, under his editorship, became for a time Britain's largest-circulation monthly magazine.

Forest Gate
Forest Gate is a sub-district of West Ham in the London Borough of Newham, East London, England. It is located 7 miles (11 km) northeast of Charing Cross.

The area's name relates to its position adjacent to Wanstead Flats, the southernmost part of Epping Forest. The town was historically part of the parish (and later borough) of West Ham in the hundred of Becontree in Essex. Since 1965, Forest Gate has been part of the London Borough of Newham, a local government district of Greater London. The town forms the majority of the London E7 postcode district.

Neighbouring areas include Leytonstone to the north, East Ham to the east, Plaistow to the south and Stratford to the west.
Fredriech Pretorius
Fredriech Pretorius (born 4 August 1995) is a South African track and field athlete specialising in the decathlon. He was the bronze medallist at the 2015 African Games before becoming continental champion at the 2016 African Championships in Athletics.

2016 African Championships in Athletics
The 20th African Championships in Athletics was held in Durban, South Africa from 22 to 26 June 2016. It was the second time that Durban and South Africa hosted this competition. 720 athletes from 43 African national federations participated.
Kumaragupta II
Kumaragupta II (Gupta script:  Ku-ma-ra-gu-pta) Kramaditya was an emperor of the Gupta Empire. An image of Gautama Buddha at Sarnath notes that he succeeded Purugupta who was most likely his father. He was succeeded by Budhagupta.

Several statues of the standing Buddha, representative of Gupta art, are known from the reign of Kumaragupta II, now in the Sarnath Museum.

Buddha, standing under a chatra umbrella, inscribed: "Gift of Abhayamira in 154 GE" (474 CE) in the reign of Kumaragupta II. Sarnath Museum.

Buddha, standing, inscribed: "Gift of Abhayamira in 154 GE" 474 CE in the reign of Kumaragupta II. Sarnath Museum.

Inscription of the Buddha statue dated in Gupta Era 154 in the reign of Kumaragupta, with English translation.

Gupta script
The Gupta script (sometimes referred to as Gupta Brahmi script or Late Brahmi script) was used for writing Sanskrit and is associated with the Gupta Empire of the Indian subcontinent, which was a period of material prosperity and great religious and scientific developments. The Gupta script was descended from Brāhmī and gave rise to the Śāradā and Siddhaṃ scripts. These scripts in turn gave rise to many of the most important Indic scripts, including Devanāgarī (the most common script used for writing Sanskrit since the 19th century), the Gurmukhī script for Punjabi, the Odia script, the Bengali-Assamese script and the Tibetan script.
St Pancras West
St Pancras West was a borough constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election. It was created by the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885 for the 1885 general election and abolished for the 1918 general election.

1885 United Kingdom general election
The 1885 United Kingdom general election was held from 24 November to 18 December 1885. The first general election after an extension of the franchise and redistribution of seats, it saw the Liberals lose their majority.

The election saw the Liberals, led by William Gladstone, win the most seats, but not an overall majority, so a minority government was necessary. The Irish Nationalists held the balance of power between the Liberals and the Conservatives who sat with a large number of allied Unionist MPs (their name referred to their support for the Union of Great Britain and Ireland). The pressure of minority government status exacerbated divisions within the Liberals over Irish Home Rule. This led to a Liberal split that caused another general election the following year.

The 1885 election saw the first socialist party participate, with the Social Democratic Federation led by H. M. Hyndman standing three candidates. None were elected.
Blade–vortex interaction
A blade vortex interaction (BVI) is an unsteady phenomenon of three-dimensional nature, which occurs when a rotor blade passes within a close proximity of the shed tip vortices from a previous blade. The aerodynamic interactions represent an important topic of investigation in rotorcraft research field due to the adverse influence produced on rotor noise, particularly in low speed descending flight condition or maneuver, which generates high amplitude impulsive noise.

Wake (physics)
In fluid dynamics, a wake may either be:

the region of recirculating flow immediately behind a moving or stationary blunt body, caused by viscosity, which may be accompanied by flow separation and turbulence, or

the wave pattern on the water surface downstream of an object in a flow, or produced by a moving object (e.g. a ship), caused by density differences of the fluids above and below the free surface and gravity (or surface tension).
Cardinal River
Cardinal River is a short river in western Alberta, Canada. It flows from the Canadian Rockies, and empties into the Brazeau River, itself a major tributary of the North Saskatchewan River.

At its origin, just east of Jasper National Park, the Cardinal River forms in a basin between Tripoli, Cheviot, Prospect, Climax, and Blackface Mountains, as well as Mount Cardinal, in the Nikanassin Range. From there it flows east, through the eastern slopes of the Canadian Rockies and into the foothills. A portion of Grave Flats Road follows the river before it reaches the Bighorn Highway, where it empties into the Brazeau River south of Pembina Forks.

The Cardinal river and other surrounding landmarks are named for Jacques Cardinal, a local fur trader.  His grave is located on the banks of the river.

Fur trade
The fur trade is a worldwide industry dealing in the acquisition and sale of animal fur. Since the establishment of a world fur market in the early modern period, furs of boreal, polar and cold temperate mammalian animals have been the most valued. Historically the trade stimulated the exploration and colonization of Siberia, northern North America, and the South Shetland and South Sandwich Islands.

Today the importance of the fur trade has diminished; it is based on pelts produced at fur farms and regulated fur-bearer trapping, but has become controversial. Animal rights organizations oppose the fur trade, citing that animals are brutally killed and sometimes skinned alive. Fur has been replaced in some clothing by synthetic imitations, for example, as in ruffs on hoods of parkas.
Paul, Apostle of Christ
Paul, Apostle of Christ is a 2018 American biblical drama film written and directed by Andrew Hyatt. It stars James Faulkner as Paul the Apostle and Jim Caviezel (who portrayed Jesus in the 2004 film The Passion of the Christ) as Saint Luke.

The film tells the story of Paul, who was known as a ruthless persecutor of Christians prior to his conversion to Christianity. The plot focuses on his becoming a pivotal figure in the formation of the early church before being executed by Emperor Nero in Rome.

Principal photography began in September 2017 in Malta. The film was released on March 23, 2018 by Sony Pictures.

Joanne Whalley
Joanne Whalley (born 25 August 1961) is an English film and television actress. She was credited as Joanne Whalley-Kilmer from 1988 to 1996 during her marriage to Val Kilmer.

Whalley came to fame through television with appearances in drama serials Edge of Darkness (1985), for which she was nominated for the BAFTA TV Award for Best Actress, and The Singing Detective (1986). She has also appeared in both British and American feature films, including Willow (1988), where she met Kilmer, and Scandal (1989). On the stage, her performance in Saved earned her a nomination for the Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actress in 1985.

Whalley's subsequent career has seen her cast as a number of iconic historical and fictional figures, including Scarlett O'Hara in Scarlett (1994), Jackie Kennedy in Jackie Bouvier Kennedy Onassis (2000), Queen Mary I in The Virgin Queen (2005), and Catherine of Aragon in Wolf Hall (2015).
Environmental social science
Environmental social science is the broad, transdisciplinary study of interrelations between humans and the natural environment. Environmental social scientists work within and between the fields of anthropology, communication studies, economics, geography, history, political science, psychology, and sociology; and also in the interdisciplinary fields of environmental studies, human ecology and political ecology, social epidemiology, among others.

Human ecology
Human ecology is the interdisciplinary study of the relationships between humans and their natural, social, and built environments. Emerging from ecology and the social sciences in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, it integrates perspectives from biology, geography, sociology, anthropology, psychology, public health, and related fields.

The discipline examines how human populations adapt to environmental conditions, how cultural and social structures influence ecological interactions, and how technological and economic systems shape sustainability.

Human ecology has informed urban planning, epidemiology, resource management, and environmental policy, while also drawing on traditional and indigenous knowledge of human–environment relations. Today, it serves as a framework for understanding global challenges such as climate change, biodiversity loss, and social resilience.
Ramakrishna Hegde
Ramakrishna Mahabaleshwar Hegde (29 August 1926 – 12 January 2004) was an Indian politician who served as the third Chief Minister of Karnataka for three terms between 1983 and 1988. He was elected to the Karnataka Legislative Assembly in 1957, 1962, 1967, 1983, 1985 and 1989, and to the Rajya Sabha for two terms, 1978–83 and 1996–2002. He also served as Minister of Commerce and Industry in the Union government (1998–1999).

1991 Indian general election
General elections were held in India on 20 May, 12 June and 15 June 1991 to elect the members of the 10th Lok Sabha, although they were delayed until 19 February 1992 in Punjab.

No party won a majority in the Lok Sabha, resulting in the Indian National Congress (Indira) forming a minority government under new Prime Minister P. V. Narasimha Rao with the support of other parties. The government survived  28 July 1993 no confidence vote in controversial circumstances by bribing MPs from the Janata Dal and the Jharkhand Mukti Morcha.

Elections were not held for the six seats allocated to Jammu and Kashmir, nor for two seats in Bihar and one in Uttar Pradesh. Similarly, elections were also delayed in Punjab. Voter turnout was 57%, the lowest to date in an Indian general election.
1994 Monte Carlo Open – Doubles
Stefan Edberg and Petr Korda were the defending champions, but lost in the first round to Gary Muller and Danie Visser.

Nicklas Kulti and Magnus Larsson won the title by defeating Yevgeny Kafelnikov and Daniel Vacek 3–6, 7–6, 6–4 in the final.

Yevgeny Kafelnikov
Yevgeny Aleksandrovich Kafelnikov (Russian: Евгений Александрович Кафельников, IPA: [jɪvˈɡʲenʲɪj ˈkafʲɪlʲnʲɪkəf] ⓘ; born 18 February 1974) is a Russian former professional tennis player. He was ranked as the world No. 1 in men's singles by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP). Kafelnikov won 26 ATP Tour-level singles titles, including two majors at the 1996 French Open and the 1999 Australian Open, as well as an Olympic gold medal at the 2000 Sydney Olympics. He also won four major doubles titles (three at the French Open and one at the US Open), and is the most recent man to have won both the men's singles and doubles titles at the same major, which he achieved at the 1996 French Open. In 2019, Kafelnikov was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame.
Desire (1982 film)
Desire is a 1982 erotic comedy-drama film written and directed by Eddie Romero, starring John Saxon, Judith Chapman, and Tetchie Agbayani. Originally an entry to the 1982 Metro Manila Film Festival (MMFF), but it was ultimately not selected due to strong sexual content.

Although it was considered a lost film, the film has the only surviving copy discovered in the Romero family archives by Joey Romero, Eddie's son, which digitized from a Betamax tape and can be shown in Archivo 1984.

1982 Metro Manila Film Festival
The 8th Metro Manila Film Festival was held in 1982.

ECP's Himala captured nine awards in the 1982 Metro Manila Film Festival including the Best Picture, Best Director for Ishmael Bernal and Best Actress for Nora Aunor among others. The film also emerged the top grosser of the festival edging FPJ Productions' Ang Panday...Ikatlong Yugto.
Ammayi Kosam
Ammayi Kosam (transl. For the girl) is a 2001 Indian Telugu-language drama film produced by Pokuri Baburao and directed by Muppalaneni Shiva. This film stars Ravi Teja, Meena, Sai Kumar, Vineeth, Ali, and Siva Reddy in the main roles.

The story of this films revolves around four unemployed youth getting attracted to a girl and find their destination with her inspiration. The film was a remake of Tamil film Thulli Thirintha Kaalam.

Ali (actor)
Mohammed Ali (born 10 October 1967), known professionally as Ali, is an Indian actor, comedian, and television presenter who works predominantly in Telugu films and television. He acted in more than 1000 films in Telugu. He is a recipient of two Nandi Awards and two Filmfare Awards South.
2025 Copa Sevilla – Doubles
Petr Nouza and Patrik Rikl were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Jonáš Forejtek and Dominik Kellovský won the title after defeating Mario Mansilla Díez and Bruno Pujol Navarro 2–6, 6–3, [10–5] in the final.

Jonáš Forejtek
Jonáš Forejtek (born 10 March 2001) is a professional tennis player from the Czech Republic. Forejtek has a career high ATP singles ranking of World No. 217, achieved on 1 August 2022. He also has a career high ATP doubles ranking of No. 300, achieved on 27 October 2025. He won the 2019 Junior singles US Open. He reached the ITF world No. 1 Junior combined ranking on 9 September 2019.

Forejtek has reached ten career singles finals, with a record of 5 wins and 5 losses all on the ITF Futures Tour. Additionally, he has reached ten career doubles finals, with a record of 8 wins and 2 losses which includes a 5–1 record in ATP Challenger Tour finals.
Golden-chested tanager
The golden-chested tanager (Bangsia rothschildi) is a species of bird in the family Thraupidae.
It is found in Colombia and Ecuador.
Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.

Tanager
The tanagers (singular /ˈtænədʒər/) comprise the bird family Thraupidae, in the order Passeriformes. The family has a Neotropical distribution and is the second-largest family of birds. It represents about 4% of all avian species and 12% of the Neotropical birds.

Traditionally, the family contained around 240 species of mostly brightly colored fruit-eating birds. As more of these birds were studied using modern molecular techniques, it became apparent that the traditional families were not monophyletic. Euphonia and Chlorophonia, which were once considered part of the tanager family, are now treated as members of the Fringillidae, in their own subfamily (Euphoniinae). Likewise, the genera Piranga (which includes the scarlet tanager, summer tanager, and western tanager), Chlorothraupis, and Habia appear to be members of the family Cardinalidae, and have been reassigned to that family by the American Ornithological Society.
Pat Jenkins
Sydney Francis "Pat" Jenkins (December 25, 1914 – September 2, 2006) was an American jazz trumpeter, best known for his associations with Al Cooper and Buddy Tate.

Jenkins was born in Norfolk, Virginia and moved to New York City when he was nineteen. He was a founding member of Al Cooper's Savoy Sultans in 1937 and was a regular member until 1944, mostly playing trumpet, but also singing on the recording "We'd Rather Jump Than Swing". He entered into military service near the end of World War II, and after his discharge worked with Wynonie Harris and Big Joe Turner, then with Tab Smith for the rest of the 1940s. After leading his own ensemble for a short time, he began working with Buddy Tate in 1951; he would work with Tate on and off until 1976, including with Jimmy Rushing in 1954 and in the documentary L'aventure du jazz in 1970. He was a member of Tate's house band at the Celebrity Club in New York from the mid-1950s to the mid-1970s.

Wynonie Harris
Wynonie Harris (August 24, 1915 – June 14, 1969) was an American blues shouter best remembered as a singer of upbeat songs, featuring humorous, often ribald lyrics. He had fifteen Top 10 hits between 1946 and 1952. Harris is attributed by many music scholars to be one of the founding fathers of rock and roll. His "Good Rocking Tonight" is mentioned at least as a precursor to rock and roll.

His dirty blues repertoire included "Lolly Pop Mama" (1948), "I Like My Baby's Pudding" (1950), "Sittin on It All the Time" (1950), "Keep On Churnin' (Till the Butter Comes)" (1952), and "Wasn't That Good" (1953).
Leon H. Andrews
Leon Hudson Andrews (August 9, 1883 – May 29, 1949) was an American college football player and coach. He played football at Yale University, lettering in 1903 and 1905.  Andrews served as the head football coach at Grinnell College in Grinnell, Iowa in 1908, compiling a record of 5–4, and was an assistant coach at Texas A&M University in 1910.

Grinnell, Iowa
Grinnell (/ɡrɪˈnɛl/ grin-EL) is a city in Poweshiek County, Iowa, United States. The population was 9,564 at the time of the 2020 census. It is best known for being the home of Grinnell College, a liberal arts college.
Will This Be the Day
"Will This Be the Day" is a song recorded by American country music group The Desert Rose Band. It was released in January 1991 as the first single from their compilation album A Dozen Roses – Greatest Hits. The song was written by Chris Hillman and Steve Hill, and produced by Ed Seay and Paul Worley.

The Desert Rose Band
The Desert Rose Band was an American country rock band from Los Angeles, California, founded in 1985 by Chris Hillman (formerly of the Byrds and the Flying Burrito Brothers), with Herb Pedersen and John Jorgenson. The original lineup included Bill Bryson on bass guitar, JayDee Maness on pedal steel guitar, and Steve Duncan on drums. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, the band charted several hit singles on the US Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks charts until disbanding in February 1994.
Gymnastics at the 2023 Pan American Games – Men's floor
The men's floor exercise gymnastic event at the 2023 Pan American Games was held on October 24 at the Training Center for Collective Sport.  All-around champion Félix Dolci won his second gold medal of the games.

2023 Pan American Games
The 2023 Pan American Games (Spanish: Juegos Panamericanos de 2023), officially the XIX Pan American Games (Spanish: XIX Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Santiago 2023, were an  international multi-sport event governed by the Panam Sports Organization, held in Santiago, Chile from 20 October to 5 November 2023; preliminary rounds in certain events began on 18 October 2023. These are the first Pan American Games to be held in Chile, and the eighth to be held in South America.

The games were held in 39 venues across the Santiago Metropolitan Region and another three regions of Chile. The Pan American Games and the 2023 Parapan American Games were organized by the Santiago Organizing Committee for the 2023 Pan and Parapan American Games.