hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Daniels v. United States
Daniels v. United States, 531 U.S. 374 (2001), was a decision by the Supreme Court of the United States involving the Armed Career Criminal Act.  The Court ruled, in a 5–4 decision, that a defendant sentenced under that Act could not challenge previous convictions on appeal that were used to increase his new sentence.

Armed Career Criminal Act
The Armed Career Criminal Act of 1984 (ACCA) is a United States federal law that provides sentence enhancements for felons who commit crimes with firearms if they are convicted of certain crimes three or more times. Pennsylvania senator Arlen Specter was a key proponent for the legislation.

If a felon has three or more prior convictions for offenses that are "violent felony" offenses or "serious drug offenses," the Act provides a minimum sentence of fifteen years imprisonment, instead of the ten-year maximum prescribed under the Gun Control Act. The Act provides for an implied maximum sentence of life imprisonment.
Susan Eisenhower
Susan Elaine Eisenhower (born December 31, 1951) is an American consultant, author, and expert on international security, space policy, energy, and relations between the Russian Federation and the United States of America.  She is the daughter of John Eisenhower and the granddaughter of President Dwight D. Eisenhower.

Space policy
Space policy is the political decision-making process for, and application of, public policy of a state (or association of states) regarding spaceflight and uses of outer space, both for civilian (scientific and commercial) and military purposes. International treaties, such as the 1967 Outer Space Treaty, attempt to maximize the peaceful uses of space and restrict the militarization of space.

Space policy intersects with science policy, since national space programs often perform or fund research in space science, and also with defense policy, for applications such as spy satellites and anti-satellite weapons.  It also encompasses government regulation of third-party activities such as commercial communications satellites and private spaceflight.

Space policy also encompasses the creation and application of space law, and space advocacy organizations exist to support the cause of space exploration.
Kill, County Kildare
Kill (Irish: an Chill, meaning 'the church') is a village and parish in County Kildare, Ireland near the county's border with Dublin beside the N7. Its population was recorded as 3,818 people in the 2022 census.

Kill is the birthplace of the Fenian John Devoy as well as home to two holders of the most senior ministry in the Irish government, the most powerful family in the 18th century Irish House of Commons and the birthplace of a leader of the opposition in the British House of Commons. The village won the European Entente Florale horticultural competition in 1987.

Entente Florale Europe
The Entente Florale Europe ([ɑ̃.tɑ̃t flɔʁal ø.ʁɔp], "Flowery Alliance of Europe") is an international horticultural competition established to recognise municipalities and villages in Europe for excellence in horticultural displays. Trophies are presented annually by tourist boards and horticultural societies of European countries. There are three categories:

"Cities" (population over 30,000)

"Town" (population of 5,000–30,000)

"Village" (population of less than 5,000).
The World of the Married
The World of the Married (Korean: 부부의 세계) is a South Korean television series starring Kim Hee-ae, Park Hae-joon, and Han So-hee. Based on BBC One's drama series Doctor Foster written by Mike Bartlett, it tells a story of a married couple whose betrayal of one another leads to a whirlwind of revenge, grief, forgiveness and healing. It aired on JTBC on Fridays and Saturdays from March 27 to May 16, 2020.

With its final episode reaching a nationwide rating of 28.371%, the series became the highest-rated drama in Korean cable television history, overtaking Sky Castle. It also recorded the highest average rating for a drama on cable television, with an average rating of 18.829%. Although the series was criticized for its portrayal of sex and violence, it received critical acclaim for its screenplay, direction and acting performances, with Mo Wan-il winning Best Director and Kim Hee-ae winning Best Actress at the 56th Baeksang Arts Awards.

Mike Bartlett (playwright)
Michael Frederick Bartlett (born 7 October 1980) is an English playwright and screenwriter for film and TV series. His 2015 psychological thriller TV series, Doctor Foster, starring Suranne Jones, won the New Drama award from National Television Awards. Bartlett also won Best Writer from the Broadcast Press Guild Awards. A BBC TV Film of Bartlett's play King Charles III was broadcast in May 2017 and, while critically acclaimed, generated some controversy.
Joseph Nérette
Joseph Nérette (French pronunciation: [ʒozɛf neʁɛt]; April 9, 1924 – April 29, 2007) was a Haitian judge and political figure. He served as the provisional president of Haiti between 1991 and 1992, part of a period in which real political authority rested with the military junta headed by Raoul Cédras and Michel François.

Michel François
Joseph-Michel François (French pronunciation: [ʒozɛf miʃɛl fʁɑ̃swa]; 1957 – 2017) was a colonel in the Haitian army. As Haiti Chief of National Police he participated in the 1991 Haitian coup d'état, which overthrew Haiti's elected president, Jean-Bertrand Aristide. Former Haitian President candidate Michel "Sweet Mickey" Martelly is known to have associated with François.
Myriopteris aurea
Myriopteris aurea, the golden lip fern or Bonaire lip fern, is a medium-sized fern native to the Americas, a member of the family Pteridaceae. Unlike many members of its genus, which are relatively lacy, its leaf is only dissected into lobed leaflets (pinnae), which are hairy both above and below. One of the cheilanthoid lip ferns, it was classified in the genus Cheilanthes as Cheilanthes bonariensis until 2013, when the genus Myriopteris was again recognized as separate from Cheilanthes. It typically grows on dry, rocky slopes, and ranges from the southwestern United States through Mexico, where it is common and widespread, south and east through Central and South America as far as Chile and Argentina. The common names refer to the color of the hairs on the upper surface of the leaves, and to early collections around Buenos Aires, Latinized as "Bonaire".

Cheilanthoideae
Cheilanthoideae is one of the five subfamilies of the fern family Pteridaceae. The subfamily is understood to be monophyletic, but some of the genera as currently defined are not. Most species are xeric-adapted, and the subfamily is most diverse in dry areas.
Kazim Pasha (director)
Kazim Pasha (PP) (Urdu: کاظم پاشا) is a Pakistani television director and producer known for his famous directions for PTV.

His directions also include a film Ghazi Shaheed (1998).

He is the father of TV show host Nida Yasir.

Pakistan Television Corporation
Pakistan Television Corporation (Urdu: پاکستان ٹیلی وژن نیٹ ورک; reporting name: PTV), also known as Pakistan Television, is the Pakistani public broadcaster based in Islamabad, Pakistan, which comprises a number of TV channels.

The PTV is operated and managed directly under the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting of federal Government of Pakistan since its founding on 26 November 1964 when a pilot television station was established at Lahore, Punjab.
Lovech Municipality
Lovech Municipality (Bulgarian: Община Ловеч) is a municipality (obshtina) in Lovech Province, Central-North Bulgaria, located on the border between the area of the Fore-Balkan and the Danubian Plain. It is named after its administrative centre - the city of Lovech which is also the capital of the province.

The municipality is 930.8 km2 (359.4 sq mi) with a population of 53,578 inhabitants, as of December 2009.

The area is known with the covered bridge by Kolyu Ficheto, in the main town, and the spectacular Devetaki cave near to the homonymous village.

Devetashka Cave
Devetàshka Cave (Bulgarian: Деветашката пещера) is a large karst cave around 7 km (4.3 mi) east of Letnitsa and 15 km (9.3 mi) northeast of Lovech, near the village of Devetaki on the east bank of the river Osam, in Bulgaria. The site was continuously occupied by paleo-humans for tens of thousands of years, served as a shelter for a variety of animal species during extensive periods and is now home to nearly 30,000 bats.
Swimming at the 1999 Pan American Games – Women's 50 metre freestyle
The women's 50 metre freestyle competition of the swimming events at the 1999 Pan American Games took place on 7 August at the Pan Am Pool.

This race consisted of one length of the pool in freestyle.

The gold medalist was Tammie Spatz of the United States of America.  The runner-up, Eileen Coparropa of Panama, won the first ever silver medal for her country in swimming at the Pan American Games.

Eileen Coparropa
Eileen Mary Coparropa Alemán (born March 31, 1981, in Panama City) is a freestyle swimmer from Panama who won a silver and a bronze medal in the women's 50-metre freestyle event at the Pan American Games. Nicknamed "La Sirena de Oro" (The Golden Mermaid), she represented her native country at three consecutive Summer Olympics, starting in 1996.
Firozkoh
Firozkoh (Persian: فیروزکوه, Fīrōzkōh), or Turquoise Mountain, was the summer capital of the Ghurid dynasty, in the Ghor Province of central Afghanistan. It was reputedly one of the greatest cities of its age, but was destroyed in 1223 after a siege by Tolui, son of Genghis Khan. The location of the city was lost to history. It has been proposed that the Minaret of Jam, in Shahrak District, Ghor Province, is the only standing remains of the city.

Summer capital
A summer capital is a city used as an administrative capital during extended periods of particularly hot summer weather. The term is mostly of relevance in historical contexts of political systems with ruling classes that would migrate to a summer capital, making it less prevalent in modern times. The ubiquity of air conditioning systems also reduces the imperative to periodically relocate to summer capitals.
Štefanci
Štefanci is a village in Croatia, under the Vrbovsko township, in Primorje-Gorski Kotar County. As of its foundation on 3 March 2008, it belongs to the local committee of Plemenitaš. Ecclesiastically, it is under the Plemenitaš parish.: 97

Predgrad
Predgrad (pronounced [ˈpɾéːdɡɾat]; German: Vornschloß or Pölland) is a settlement in the Municipality of Kočevje in southern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

The local church is  dedicated to Saints Fabian and Sebastian and belongs to the Parish of Stari Trg ob Kolpi. It is a mid-18th-century Baroque building that replaced an earlier church on the site.

The settlement contains the scant ruins of a 13th-century castle that was destroyed in 1809 by Napoleon's forces.

Before the breakup of Yugoslavia, Saint Anne's Day was celebrated in Predgrad by residents from both sides of the Kolpa River.: 106
SaTScan
SaTScan is a software tool that employs scan statistics for the spatial and temporal analysis of clusters of events. The software is trademarked by Martin Kulldorff, and was designed originally for public health and epidemiology to identify clusters of cases in both space (geographical location) and time and to perform statistical analysis to determine if these clusters are significantly different from what would be expected by chance The software provides a user-friendly interface and a range of statistical methods, making it accessible to researchers and practitioners. While not a full Geographic Information System, the outputs from SaTScan can be integrated with software such as ArcGIS or QGIS to visualize and analyze spatial data, and to map the distribution of various phenomena.

ArcGIS
ArcGIS is a family of client, server and online geographic information system (GIS) software developed and maintained by Esri.

ArcGIS was first released in 1982 as ARC/INFO, a command line-based GIS. ARC/INFO was later merged into ArcGIS Desktop, which was eventually superseded by ArcGIS Pro in 2015. Additionally, ArcGIS Server is a server-side GIS and geodata sharing software.
1996 Trofeo Conde de Godó – Doubles
Trevor Kronemann and David Macpherson were the defending champions but lost in the quarterfinals to Luis Lobo and Javier Sánchez.

Lobo and Sánchez won in the final 6–1, 6–3 against Neil Broad and Piet Norval.

Luis Lobo
Luis Gustavo Lobo (born 9 November 1970) is a retired professional male tennis player from Argentina, who won the gold medal in the men's doubles competition at the 1995 Pan American Games.

He reached his career high doubles ranking, World No. 12, on 21 July 1997. He is currently a coach, and has worked with players including Spain's Carlos Moyà and Argentina's Juan Mónaco.
Jamestown GAA
Jamestown GAA was a Gaelic football club in Jamestown, County Laois, Ireland.  The area now forms part of the catchment area of Courtwood GAA Club.

Andy Whelan, Stephen "Faun" Hughes and John Lalor were all Jamestown players who played in Laois's Leinster Senior Football Championship win of 1946.

Jamestown won three Laois Junior Football Championships in 1938, 1948 and 1953 and one Laois Intermediate Football Championship in 1941.

Following the formation of Courtwood club, the Jamestown club faded out of existence in the 1960s.

County Laois
County Laois (/liːʃ/ LEESH; Irish: Contae Laoise) is a county in Ireland. It is part of the Eastern and Midland Region and in the province of Leinster. It was known as Queen's County from 1556 to 1922. The modern county takes its name from Loígis, a medieval kingdom. Historically, it has also been known as County Leix.

Laois County Council is the local authority for the county, and is based in Portlaoise.

At the 2022 census, the population of the county was 91,657, an increase of 56% since the 2002 census.
Lawrence Pope
Lawrence Edgar Pope (February 29, 1940 – May 22, 2013) was an American educator and politician.

Born in Rockford, Illinois, Pope grew up in Des Moines, Iowa. He received his bachelors and law degrees from Drake University. He practiced law, was a lobbyist, and was a law professor at Drake University Law School. He served in the Iowa House of Representatives as a Republican 1979–1983. He died in Des Moines, Iowa.

Drake University
Drake University is a private university in Des Moines, Iowa, United States. It offers over 140 undergraduate and graduate programs, including professional programs in business, education, law, and pharmacy. Drake University Law School was founded in 1865, which makes it one of the 25 oldest law schools in the United States.
Wattanavekin family
The Wattanavekin family (Thai: วัธนเวคิน) is a Sino-Thai business family of Hakka origin. The family is descended from its late patriarch Kiat Wattanavekin (丘細見), who migrated to Siam as a child in the 1910s with his mother. Kiat built up businesses in the liquor, construction, sugar, and banking industries, establishing Kiatnakin Finance and Securities Company (now Kiatnakin Phatra Bank) in 1971. Eastern Sugar & Cane Company forms the family's other major holding; it also holds a stake in The Erawan Group, together with the Vongkusolkit family. Forbes lists the family, with Kiat's widow Chansamorn Wattanavekin as its head, as the 48th richest in Thailand, as of 2023.

Kiatnakin Phatra Bank
Kiatnakin Phatra Bank (Thai: ธนาคารเกียรตินาคินภัทร) is a full-service bank based in Thailand.  The bank was founded in January 1971 in Bangkok with 17,000 million baht in funds, and has grown to 52 branches. It was listed on the Stock Exchange of Thailand in August 1988 and is included in the  SET50 Index.  The company headquarters is in Bangkok.
Griff Williams (painter)
Griff Williams (born January 23, 1966), is an American painter, publisher, art instructor, filmmaker, and gallerist. He owns Gallery 16 art gallery. His paintings have been exhibited in galleries and museums worldwide, including San Diego Museum of Art, Orange County Museum of Art, Crocker Art Museum in Sacramento, New Langton Arts, Andrea Schwartz Gallery and Stephen Wirtz Gallery, the San Jose Museum of Art, and the Eli Ridgeway Gallery. His work has been reviewed in Art in America, Frieze, Flash Art, SFAQ, and Artnet.com.

Frieze (magazine)
Frieze is an international contemporary art magazine, published eight times a year from London.

The publication is part of the London and New York–based media and events company Frieze. Frieze comprises two publications, frieze magazine and Frieze Week, as well as international art fairs in London, Los Angeles, New York and Seoul. Its permanent exhibition space, No.9 Cork Street, is located in Mayfair, London.

Frieze is part of IMG which owned by Endeavor.
Western Norway Emigration Center
Western Norway Emigration Center (Norwegian: Vestnorsk utvandrarsenter or Vestnorsk utvandringssenter) is an open-air  museum located at the village of Sletta on the island of Radøy in Alver Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The museum consists of a small church and several  historical buildings which were  reassembled in a rural environment. The building were re-located from Minnesota and North Dakota from locations characterized by Norwegian American immigration during the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century.

Norwegian Americans
Norwegian Americans (Norwegian: Norskamerikanere/Norskamerikanarar) are Americans with ancestral roots in Norway.  Norwegian immigrants went to the United States primarily in the latter half of the 19th century and the first few decades of the 20th century. There are more than 4.5 million Norwegian Americans, according to the 2021 U.S. census; most live in the Upper Midwest and on the West Coast of the United States.
2022 deaths in the United Kingdom
The following notable deaths in the United Kingdom occurred in 2022. Names are reported under the date of death, in alphabetical order as set out in WP:NAMESORT.
A typical entry reports information in the following sequence:
Name, age, country of citizenship at birth and subsequent nationality (if applicable), what subject was noted for, year of birth (if known), and reference.

Nationwide (TV programme)
Nationwide is  a BBC current affairs television programme that ran from 9 September 1969 until 5 August 1983. Originally broadcast on BBC1 from Tuesday to Thursday, and then each weekday from 1972, it followed the early evening news, and included the regional opt-out news programmes.
Puncheon Islets
Puncheon Islets is a small island, comprising two rocks which are joined at low tide, with an area of less than a hectare, in south-eastern Australia.  It is part of Tasmania’s Vansittart Island Group, lying in eastern Bass Strait between Flinders and Cape Barren Islands in the Furneaux Group.  It is close to Puncheon Island.

Flinders Island
Flinders Island, the largest island in the Furneaux Group, is a 1,367-square-kilometre (528 sq mi) island in the Bass Strait, northeast of the island of Tasmania. Today Flinders Island is part of the state of Tasmania, Australia. It is 54 kilometres (34 mi) from Cape Portland and is located on 40° south, a zone known as the Roaring Forties.
Non (album)
n0n is the second studio album by industrial/experimental metal band the Amenta. It was released in 2008, and coincided with a national tour. Nergal (Behemoth), Alex Pope (Ruins) and Alice Daquet (Sir Alice) all make guest appearances on this album.

Avant-garde metal
Avant-garde metal (also known as avant-metal, experimental metal, art metal and experimetal) is a subgenre of heavy metal music loosely defined by use of experimentation and innovative, avant-garde elements, including non-standard and unconventional sounds, instruments, song structures, playing styles, and vocal techniques. Avant-garde metal is influenced by progressive rock and extreme metal, particularly death metal, and is closely related to progressive metal. Some local scenes include Los Angeles, the San Francisco Bay Area, Boston, and Seattle in the United States, Oslo in Norway, and Tokyo in Japan.
Happy Days (1936 film)
Happy Days is a 1936 animated short film directed by Ub Iwerks and part of the ComiColor cartoon series.

The film was the last in the ComiColor and intended as a pilot for a series that Iwerks wanted to animate, based on Gene Byrnes's strip Reg'lar Fellers. The series was scheduled for the 1936–37 season, but never materialized.

ComiColor Cartoons
ComiColor Cartoons is a series of twenty-five animated short subjects produced by Ub Iwerks from 1933 to 1936. The series was the last produced by Iwerks Studio; after losing distributor Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer in 1934, the Iwerks studio's senior company Celebrity Pictures (run by Pat Powers) had to distribute the films itself. The series was shot exclusively in Cinecolor.

Most of the ComiColor entries were based upon popular fairy tales and other familiar stories, including Jack and the Beanstalk, Old Mother Hubbard, The Bremen Town Musicians, and The Headless Horseman.
Party Hard (Pulp song)
"Party Hard" is a song by British alternative rock band Pulp. Featuring David Bowie-inspired vocals, the song lyrically was inspired by the band's dissatisfaction and exhaustion with clubbing.

"Party Hard" was released as the fourth single from This Is Hardcore, reaching number 29 in the UK. The single was accompanied by a music video inspired by kitschy German variety shows.

Jarvis Cocker
Jarvis Branson Cocker (born 19 September 1963) is an English singer and musician. As the founder, frontman, lyricist and only consistent member of the band Pulp, he became a reluctant figurehead of the Britpop genre of the mid-1990s. Cocker has also pursued a solo career, and for seven years he presented the BBC Radio 6 Music show Jarvis Cocker's Sunday Service.
Michael McManus (American actor)
Michael McManus (born January 26, 1946) is an American actor, writer, and producer. His best known movie role is perhaps Ben Tuthill in the 1982 film Poltergeist. He has had roles in the films Mother, Jugs & Speed, Police Academy 4: Citizens on Patrol, Funland and Action Jackson and guest starred in TV series including M*A*S*H, Laverne & Shirley, Rhoda,  The Six Million Dollar Man, Dallas, Happy Days, Night Court, Knight Rider, and The Golden Girls.  He won a Writers Guild of America Award in 1982 for Steve Martin's All Commercials...A Steve Martin Special for "Best Variety, Musical, or Comedy."

Action Jackson (1988 film)
Action Jackson is a 1988 American blaxploitation action comedy film directed by Craig R. Baxley, starring Carl Weathers, Vanity, Sharon Stone and Craig T. Nelson. The film was released in the United States by Lorimar Film Entertainment on February 12, 1988. It received mostly negative reviews, but was a moderate box office success.
Forest of Lyme
53°22′08″N 1°59′35″W﻿ / ﻿53.369°N 1.993°W﻿ / 53.369; -1.993
The Forest of Lyme (pronounced "Lime") is a former, mainly elm tree, forest in the present day counties of Cheshire, Staffordshire and parts of Derbyshire. Parts of the forest remain and its name is preserved in many local place-names.

Elm
Elms are deciduous and semi-deciduous trees comprising the genus Ulmus in the family Ulmaceae. They are distributed over most of the Northern Hemisphere, inhabiting the temperate and tropical-montane regions of North America and Eurasia, ranging southward in Western Asia to Iran, in Africa to Libya, and in Southeast Asia into Indonesia.

Elms are components of many kinds of natural forests. Moreover, during the 19th and early 20th centuries, many species and cultivars were also planted as ornamental street, garden, and park trees in Europe, North America, and parts of the Southern Hemisphere, notably Australasia. Some individual elms reached great size and age. However, in recent decades, most mature elms of European or North American origin have died from Dutch elm disease, caused by a microfungus dispersed by bark beetles. In response, disease-resistant cultivars have been developed, capable of restoring the elm to forestry and landscaping.