hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Spring Creek (Bryant Creek tributary)
Spring Creek is a stream in southern Douglas and northern Ozark counties in the Ozarks of southern Missouri. It is a tributary to Bryant Creek.

The source is a hillside spring just south of Missouri Route N in Douglas County and the confluence with Bryant is in southern Douglas County just west of a bluff below Missouri Route 95.

The stream flows southeast into Ozark County just east of Wasola and turns east just after passing under Missouri Route 95 northeast of Almartha. It flows northeast crossing again under route 95 south of Souder. It continues east past Rockbridge passing under Route N past its confluence with Brixey Creek and back into Douglas County to its confluence with Bryant.

Douglas County, Missouri
Douglas County is a county located in the south-central portion of the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 11,578. The county seat and only incorporated community is Ava. The county was officially organized on October 19, 1857, and is named after U.S. Senator Stephen A. Douglas (D-Illinois) and later Democratic presidential candidate.
Olanike Adeyemo
Olanike Kudirat Adeyemo (born 17 July 1970) is a Nigerian professor of veterinary public health and preventive medicine at the University of Ibadan. She was inaugural deputy vice chancellor, research, innovation and strategic partnership, University of Ibadan, from 2017 to 2021. She served as the Secretary to the State Government of Oyo from July 2023 to January 2026.

Her research focuses on aquatic and wildlife epidemiology and toxicology, food safety, global public health, aquatic toxicology, and aquatic veterinary medicine. Adeyemo is the first female veterinarian to be inducted into the African Academy of Sciences and the Nigerian Academy of Science. She has been recognised for her achievements by many organisations and has been awarded several fellowships, and has been appointed to several international committees and other bodies.

Aquatic toxicology
Aquatic toxicology is the study of the effects of manufactured chemicals and other anthropogenic and natural materials and activities on aquatic organisms at various levels of organization, from subcellular through individual organisms to communities and ecosystems. Aquatic toxicology is a multidisciplinary field which integrates toxicology, aquatic ecology and aquatic chemistry.

This field of study includes freshwater, marine water and sediment environments. Common tests include standardized acute and chronic toxicity tests lasting 24–96 hours (acute test) to 7 days or more (chronic tests). These tests measure endpoints such as survival, growth, reproduction, that are measured at each concentration in a gradient, along with a control test. Typically using selected organisms with ecologically relevant sensitivity to toxicants and a well-established literature background. These organisms can be easily acquired or cultured in lab and are easy to handle.
History of the National Hockey League on United States television
The National Hockey League has never fared as well on American television in comparison to the National Basketball Association, Major League Baseball, or the National Football League, although that has begun to change, with NBC's broadcasts of the final games of the 2009, 2010, 2011, and 2013 Stanley Cup Finals scoring some of the best ratings ever enjoyed by the sport on American television.

In fact, hockey broadcasting on a national scale was spotty prior to 1981; NBC and CBS held rights at various times, each network carrying weekend-afternoon games during the second half of the regular season and the playoffs, along with some (but not all) of the Stanley Cup Finals. From 1971 to 1995, there was no exclusive coverage of games in the United States.

Meanwhile, individual teams have long contracted to air their games on local channels, primarily on regional sports networks and in a few cases on broadcast channels as well.

Mike Emrick
Michael "Doc" Emrick (born August 1, 1946) is an American former network television play-by-play sportscaster and commentator noted mostly for his work in ice hockey. He was the lead announcer for National Hockey League national telecasts on both NBC and NBCSN. Among the many awards Emrick has received is the NHL's Lester Patrick Award in 2004, making him the first of only six to have received the award for media work, and the Foster Hewitt Memorial Award by the Hockey Hall of Fame in 2008. He has also won nine national Emmy Awards for excellence in sports broadcasting, the only hockey broadcaster to be honored with even one. On December 12, 2011, Emrick became the first member of the media to be inducted into the United States Hockey Hall of Fame. In 2017, Sports Illustrated listed Emrick as the sportscaster of the year.
1991 BMW European Indoors
The 1991 BMW European Indoors was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Saalsporthalle Allmend in Zürich in Switzerland and was part of Tier II of the 1991 WTA Tour. It was the eighth edition of the tournament and was held from 7 October through 13 October 1991. First-seeded Steffi Graf won the singles title, her fifth at the event, and earned $70,000 first-prize money.

WTA Tier II tournaments
The WTA Tier II tournaments were Women's Tennis Association tennis second-level tournaments held from 1990 until the end of the 2008 season. The line-up of events varied over the years, with tournaments being promoted, demoted or cancelled.

From 2009 WTA Tour, WTA changed tournament categories, so that majority of Tier I and Tier II tournaments from the previous season were in one category, the WTA Premier Tournaments.
Ranzanico
Ranzanico (Bergamasque: Ransaních) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Bergamo in the Italian region of Lombardy, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) northeast of Milan and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northeast of Bergamo.

Ranzanico borders the following municipalities: Bianzano, Endine Gaiano, Gandino, Monasterolo del Castello, Peia, Spinone al Lago.

Bianzano
Bianzano (Bergamasque: Biansà) is a comune in the province of Bergamo, in Lombardy, Italy. It is 600 meters (2,000 ft) above sea level and lies on a little plateau between Cavallina and Seriana valleys. The village boasts a historic center, having kept its original structure with some remains of minor fortified buildings and the imposing medieval Suardi Castle overlooking the valley. Other two outstanding monuments are the shrine of Our Lady of the Assumption (1234) and the parish church dedicated to Saint Roch (1575).
Farroupilha, Porto Alegre
Farroupilha is a neighbourhood (bairro) in the city of Porto Alegre, the state capital of Rio Grande do Sul, in Brazil. It was created by Law 2022 from December 7, 1959.

Farroupilha Park, the most popular in town, is located here, as well as part of the Central Campus of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul.

Farroupilha Park
Farroupilha Park (Parque Farroupilha in Portuguese), also known as Parque da Redenção, is a major urban park in the city of Porto Alegre, the state capital of Rio Grande do Sul, in Brazil.

The park was designed by French architect Alfred Agache and founded on September 19, 1935.

Near to the Centro Histórico (Historic Centre), Farroupilha Park is located within a polygon formed by José Bonifácio, João Pessoa, Luiz Englert, Setembrina and Osvaldo Aranha Avenues.
Fable II Pub Games
Fable II Pub Games is an Xbox Live Arcade game developed by Carbonated Games under the supervision of Lionhead Studios and released for the Xbox 360 in 2008. It includes three pub game-styled minigames called Keystone, Fortune's Tower and Spinnerbox that all share functionality with Fable II. The games are included in both editions of Fable II. It was also free for those who pre-ordered Fable II from participating retailers.

Minigame
A minigame (also spelled mini game and mini-game, sometimes called a subgame or microgame) is a short game often contained within another video game. A minigame contains different gameplay elements  and is often smaller or more simplistic than the game in which it is contained.

Some video games consist entirely of minigames which tie into an overall theme, such as Olympic Decathlon (1980). Minigames can also be used to represent a specific experience, such as hacking and lock picking, both of which are found in Bethesda games, or scanning an area, that ties into a larger game.
Meaghamann
Meaghamann (transl. Captain of the ship) is a 2014 Indian Tamil-language action thriller film written and directed by Magizh Thirumeni and produced by Nemichand Jhabak. The film stars an ensemble cast of Arya, Hansika Motwani, Ashutosh Rana, Sudhanshu Pandey, Ramana, Ashish Vidyarthi, Mahadevan, and Harish Uthaman. S. Thaman composed the film's soundtrack and background score, while the cinematography is done by S. R. Sathish Kumar. Meaghamann was released on 25 December 2014.

Ashutosh Rana
Ashutosh Ramnarayan Neekhra (born 10 November 1967), known professionally as Ashutosh Rana, is an Indian actor, poet, television presenter, author, and singer who works predominantly in Hindi films, in addition to Tamil, Telugu, and Kannada films. He is known for his portrayal of negative roles and has received several awards including a Filmfare OTT Award and two Filmfare Awards.

Besides his acting career, he is an author and philanthropist. Some books written by him include 'Maun Muskaan Ki Maar' and 'Ramrajya'.
Fort Magsaysay
Fort Ramon Magsaysay, also known as the Fort Magsaysay Military Reservation (FMMR) and sometimes shortened to Fort Mag, is the largest military reservation in the Philippines and serves as a key training area for the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP). Fort Magsaysay spans the provinces of Nueva Ecija and Aurora, encompassing the city of Palayan and the municipalities of Santa Rosa, General Tinio, Laur, and Dingalan.

Aurora (province)
Aurora, officially the Province of Aurora (Tagalog: Lalawigan ng Aurora; Ilocano: Probinsia ti Aurora; Spanish: Provincia de Aurora), is a province in the Philippines located in the eastern part of Central Luzon region, facing the Philippine Sea. Its capital is Baler and borders, clockwise from the south, the provinces of Quezon, Bulacan, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Quirino, and Isabela. Maria Aurora is the only landlocked town in the province and yet, the most populous. It is the only province in Central Luzon that has no chartered cities.

Before 1979, Aurora was part of the province of Quezon. The province was named after Aurora Aragon, the wife of Manuel L. Quezon, the president of the Philippine Commonwealth, after whom the mother province was named.
Phillips Field (Florida)
Phillips Field was a medium-sized stadium (maximum capacity approximately 20,000) located on the west bank of the Hillsborough River across from downtown Tampa, immediately adjacent to the University of Tampa. It opened on October 4, 1937 and was the home field of the University of Tampa Spartans football program from 1937 to 1967. The facility was named for local businessman I. W. Phillips, who donated the land to the school so that the Spartans would not have to share nearby Plant Field, which was often unavailable due to its use for many different sports and community events.

Hillsborough River (Florida)
The Hillsborough River is a river located in the state of Florida in the United States. It arises in the Green Swamp near the juncture of Hillsborough, Pasco and Polk counties, and flows 60 miles (97 km) through Pasco and Hillsborough Counties to an outlet in the city of Tampa on Hillsborough Bay. It includes 4 nature trails extending for over 7 miles (11 km), making it popular among hikers. The name Hillsborough River first appeared on a British map in 1769. At the time, the Earl of Hillsborough was the British Secretary of State for the Colonies, and thus controlled the pensions of the surveyors working in the American colonies, which included East Florida.
Miko Äijänen
Miko Äijänen (born 18 July 1997 in Järvenpää) is a Finnish professional squash player. As of December 2019, he was ranked number 91 in the world. He is in the Finnish national team.

On 17 February 2019, Miko Äijänen won gold medal in the Finnish National Championships.

Järvenpää
Järvenpää (Finnish: [ˈjærʋemˌpæː]; Swedish: Träskända, Finland Swedish: [ˈtreskenˌda]; lit. 'lake's end')  is a town in Finland, located in the southern interior of the country. Järvenpää is situated in the centre of the Uusimaa region in the immediate vicinity of Lake Tuusula. The population of Järvenpää is approximately 47,000. It is the 24th most populous municipality in Finland. Järvenpää is part of the Helsinki Metropolitan Area, which has approximately 1.62 million inhabitants.

Järvenpää is located on the Helsinki-Riihimäki railway line in the Uusimaa region, about 37 kilometres (23 mi) north of Helsinki. Neighbouring municipalities are Tuusula, Sipoo and Mäntsälä. People also refer to Kerava as Järvenpää's neighbour, although technically they do not share a border due to the one kilometre-wide strip of land that belongs to Tuusula.
Symmetrization methods
In mathematics the symmetrization methods are algorithms of transforming a set  to a ball  with equal volume  and centered at the origin. B is called the symmetrized version of A, usually denoted . These algorithms show up in solving the classical isoperimetric inequality problem, which asks: Given all two-dimensional shapes of a given area, which of them has the minimal perimeter (for details see Isoperimetric inequality). The conjectured answer was the disk and Steiner in 1838 showed this to be true using the Steiner symmetrization method (described below). From this many other isoperimetric problems sprung and other symmetrization algorithms. For example, Rayleigh's conjecture is that the first eigenvalue of the Dirichlet problem is minimized for the ball (see Rayleigh–Faber–Krahn inequality for details). Another problem is that the Newtonian capacity of a set A is minimized by  and this was proved by Polya and G. Szego (1951) using circular symmetrization (described below).

Capacity of a set
In mathematics, the capacity of a set in Euclidean space is a measure of the "size" of that set.  Unlike, say, Lebesgue measure, which measures a set's volume or physical extent, capacity is a mathematical analogue of a set's ability to hold electrical charge.  More precisely, it is the capacitance of the set: the total charge a set can hold while maintaining a given potential energy.  The potential energy is computed with respect to an idealized ground at infinity for the harmonic or Newtonian capacity, and with respect to a surface for the condenser capacity.
2019 Korean Curling Championships
The 2019 Korean Curling Championships (branded as the 2019 KB Financial Korean Curling Championships), Korea's national curling championships, were held from July 6 to 11 at the Gangneung Curling Centre in Gangneung, South Korea. The winning teams on both the men's and women's sides became the Korean National Teams for the 2019–20 curling season. They represented Korea at the 2019 Pacific-Asia Curling Championships and were scheduled to compete in the 2020 World Men's Curling Championship and the 2020 World Women's Curling Championship before they got cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Both the men's and women's events were played in a round robin format which qualified four teams for the playoffs.

UTC+09:00
UTC+09:00 is an identifier for a time offset from UTC of +09:00.

During the Japanese occupations of British Borneo, Burma, Hong Kong, Dutch East Indies, Malaya, Philippines, Singapore, and French Indochina, it was used as a common time with Tokyo until the fall of the Empire of Japan.
Boonville Correctional Center
Boonville Correctional Center (BCC) is located at 1216 East Morgan Street in Boonville, Missouri. It is a minimum security C-1 state penitentiary housing approximately 1,300 male inmates.

BCC was constructed in 1889 as the Missouri Training School for Boys. The facility was transferred to the Department of Corrections on July 1, 1983, and operates to this day in that capacity.

The property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983 as Historic District H.: 40–42  
Notable buildings on its campus still standing are the Food Commissary and Supply Commissary, the oldest remaining buildings. They are accompanied by the old Administration Building which bears a dedication from its original construction under Governor John S. Marmaduke. Marmaduke had lost the First Battle of Boonville in 1861 as the commander of the Confederate forces directed to hold the city. The First Battle of Boonville occurred across the street from the present day location of the facility.

Battle of Boonville
The First Battle of Boonville was a minor skirmish of the American Civil War, occurring on June 17, 1861, near Boonville in Cooper County, Missouri. Although casualties were extremely light, the battle's strategic impact was far greater than one might assume from its limited nature. The Union victory established what would become an unbroken Federal control of the Missouri River, and helped to thwart efforts to bring Missouri into the Confederacy.

Four battles were fought at Boonville during the Civil War: the first battle forms the main subject of this article, while the others are described below under other battles at Boonville.
Walt Williams (athlete)
Walt Williams (born  7 May 1985) is a Grenadian retired track and field athlete who specialized in the throwing events. On April 28, 2007 he threw the shot put a distance of 17.26 m, in the process setting a national record. He won medals at the CARIFTA Games in both discus and shot put from 2000 to 2004. He represented Grenada at the 2006 NACAC Under-23 Championships in Athletics, finishing in fifth place.

In 2016 he launched a sporting club in order to develop athletes with the aim of having them qualify for the 2020 summer olympics.

CARIFTA Games
The CARIFTA Games is an annual athletics competition founded by the Caribbean Free Trade Association (CARIFTA). The games were first held in 1972 and consist of track and field events including sprint races, hurdles, middle distance track events, jumping and throwing events, and relays. The Games has two age categories: under-17 (under-18 until 2017) and under-20. Only countries associated with CARIFTA may compete in the competition.
Dichotomy
A dichotomy (/daɪˈkɒtəmi/) is a partition of a whole (or a set) into two parts (subsets). In other words, this couple of parts must be

jointly exhaustive: everything must belong to one part or the other, and

mutually exclusive: nothing can belong simultaneously to both parts.

If there is a concept A, and it is split into parts B and not-B, then the parts form a dichotomy: they are mutually exclusive, since no part of B is contained in not-B and vice versa, and they are jointly exhaustive, since they cover all of A, and together again give A.

Such a partition is also frequently called a bipartition. The two parts thus formed are complements. In logic, the partitions are opposites if there exists a proposition such that it holds over one and not the other. Treating continuous variables or multicategorical variables as binary variables is called dichotomization. The discretization error inherent in dichotomization is temporarily ignored for modeling purposes.

Continuous or discrete variable
In mathematics and statistics, a quantitative variable may be continuous or discrete. If it can take on two real values and all the values between them, the variable is continuous in that interval. If it can take on a value such that there is a non-infinitesimal gap on each side of it containing no values that the variable can take on, then it is discrete around that value. In some contexts, a variable can be discrete in some ranges of the number line and continuous in others. In statistics, continuous and discrete variables are distinct statistical data types which are described with different probability distributions.
Judith Rothschild
Judith Rothschild (1921–1993) was an American abstract painter and philanthropist. Rothschild was born in New York city and studied art at Cranbrook Academy and at the Art Students League. Her work is included in the collections of the National Gallery of Art, Washington, the Whitney Museum of American Art and the Phillips Collection.

At the time of her death, Rothschild owned a significant collection works by artists such as Piet Mondrian, Henri Matisse, Constantin Brâncuși, Juan Gris and Pablo Picasso. Rothschild specified in her will that her assets should be used to create the Judith Rothschild Foundation, in order to support the "conservation, publication, and exhibition of works by Ms. Rothschild’s contemporaries". The foundation's mandate required it to direct support only to artists who had died between 1976 and 2008.

Juan Gris
José Victoriano González-Pérez  (23 March 1887 – 11 May 1927), better known as Juan Gris (Spanish: [ˈxwaŋ ˈɡɾis]; French: [gʀi]), was a Spanish painter born in Madrid who lived and worked in France for most of his active period. Closely connected to the innovative artistic genre Cubism, his works are among the movement's most distinctive.
Phillip Sprangle
Phillip A. Sprangle (born September 27, 1944, in Brooklyn) is an American physicist who specializes in the applications of plasma physics. He is known for his work involving the propagation of high-intensity laser beams in the atmosphere, the interaction of ultra-short laser pulses from high-power lasers with matter, nonlinear optics and nonlinear plasma physics, free electron lasers, and lasers in particle acceleration.

Particle acceleration
In acoustics, particle acceleration is the acceleration (rate of change in speed and direction) of particles in a sound transmission medium. When sound passes through a medium it causes particle displacement and as such causes changes in their acceleration.

The acceleration of the air particles of a plane sound wave is given by:
Takayama (surname)
Takayama (written: 高山 lit. "high mountain") is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Takayama Chogyū (1871–1902), Japanese writer

Cyril Takayama  (born 1973), illusionist of Okinawan-Japanese and Moroccan-French descent

Haneko Takayama (born 1975), Japanese writer

Justo Takayama (c. 1552/1553–1615), Japanese Catholic daimyo

Kaoru Takayama (高山 薫; born 1988), Japanese footballer

Katsunari Takayama (born 1983), Japanese professional boxer

Kazumi Takayama (born 1994), Japanese idol and writer

Kiyoshi Takayama (born 1947), Japanese yakuza

Leila A. Takayama, human–computer interaction specialist

Masataka Takayama (disambiguation), multiple people

Minami Takayama (born 1964) Japanese voice actress-singer

Satoshi Takayama (born 1970), Japanese politician

Satoshi Takayama (politician, born 1986), Japanese politician

Yoshihiro Takayama (born 1966), Japanese professional wrestler

Yukiko Takayama (1939/1940–2023), Japanese screenwriter and director

Satoshi Takayama (politician, born 1986)
Satoshi Takayama (Japanese: 高山 聡史, Hepburn: Takayama Satoshi; born 21 September 1986) is a Japanese politician who is a member of the House of Representatives since 2026 for Tokyo proportional representation block. A founding member of Team Mirai, Takayama serves as the party's Secretary-General.