hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mihai Gavrilă
Mihai Gavrilă (Romanian pronunciation: [miˈhaj ɡaˈvrilə]; b. October 16, 1929, Cluj) is a Romanian quantum physicist and a corresponding member of the Romanian Academy since 1974. He made fundamental contributions to the quantum theories of electromagnetic interactions with atoms.

University of Bucharest
The University of Bucharest (UB) (Romanian: Universitatea din București) is a public research university in Bucharest, Romania. It was founded in its current form on 4 July 1864 (1864-07-04) by a decree of Prince Alexandru Ioan Cuza to convert the former Princely Academy into the current University of Bucharest, making it one of the oldest Romanian universities. It is one of the five members of the Universitaria Consortium (a group of elite Romanian universities).

The University of Bucharest offers study programmes in Romanian and English and is classified as an advanced research and education university by the Ministry of Education.
Sallıuşağı, Pazarcık
Sallıuşağı is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Pazarcık, Kahramanmaraş Province, Turkey. The village is inhabited by Kurds of the Atma and Sinemilli tribes and had a population of 290 in 2022.

Kahramanmaraş Province
Kahramanmaraş Province (Turkish: Kahramanmaraş ili) is a province and metropolitan municipality of Turkey. Its area is 14,520 km2, and its population is 1,177,436 (2022). Its provincial capital is the city of Kahramanmaraş, and the traffic code is 46. In 2023, Its Pazarcık and Elbistan districts were home to the 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquakes causing major damage to the city with 50K+ deaths.
Bowyer–Trollinger Farm
Bowyer–Trollinger Farm is a historic home and farm located at Childress, Montgomery County, Virginia.  The farmhouse was built in four sections beginning in about 1825 and ending in about 1910.  It started as a three-bay, two-story, apparently rectangular, single-pen log dwelling. Also on the property are the contributing farm office, mid-19th-century washhouse, spring house, barn, and corn crib, and an early 20th-century apple house/carbide gas lighting outbuilding.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.

Montgomery County, Virginia
Montgomery County is a county located in the Valley and Ridge area of the U.S. state of Virginia. As population in the area increased, Montgomery County was formed in 1777 from Fincastle County, which in turn had been taken from Botetourt County. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 99,721. Its county seat is Christiansburg, and Blacksburg is the largest town. Montgomery County is part of the Blacksburg-Christiansburg metropolitan area. It is dominated economically by the presence of Virginia Tech, Virginia's third largest public university, which is the county's largest employer.
Southwestern Moundbuilders
The Southwestern Moundbuilders are the athletic teams that represent Southwestern College, located in Winfield, Kansas, in intercollegiate sports as a member of the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA), primarily competing in the Kansas Collegiate Athletic Conference (KCAC) since the 1958–59 academic year; which they were a member on a previous stint from 1902–03 to 1922–23. The Moundbinders previously competed in the Central Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (CIC) from 1923–24 to 1957–58.

Central Intercollegiate Conference
The Central Intercollegiate Conference (CIC) was an American intercollegiate athletic conference that operated from 1928 to 1968. It was less often referred to as the Central Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (CIAC), particularly towards the beginning of its existence. Formed in late 1927, the conference initially had seven members, all located in the state of Kansas, and began play in early 1928. Many of the league's members went on to form the Central States Intercollegiate Conference (CSIC) in 1976.
Rainer Riehn
Rainer Riehn (12 November 1941 – 9 June 2015) was a German composer and conductor, and a co-editor of music theory magazines.

Riehn was born in Danzig, Germany (modern Gdańsk, Poland) studied music theory in Mainz, Zürich, and Berlin and composition with Gottfried Michael Koenig in Utrecht. He met the music theorist Heinz-Klaus Metzger at the Darmstädter Ferienkurse in the summer of 1965. In 1968 he founded the Ensemble Musica Negativa, in 1977 the series Musik-Konzepte, which he published until 2003 (together with Heinz-Klaus Metzger). In 1984 Metzger and Riehn received the Deutscher Kritikerpreis as editors of the Musik-Konzepte. In 1987 he was chief dramaturge at the Oper Frankfurt together with Heinz-Klaus Metzger, and initiated the first commission for an opera composition for John Cage (Europeras 1 & 2).

Darmstädter Ferienkurse
Darmstädter Ferienkurse (Darmstadt Summer Course) is a regular summer event of contemporary classical music in Darmstadt, Hesse, Germany. It was founded in 1946, under the name "Ferienkurse für Internationale Neue Musik Darmstadt" (Vacation Courses of International New Music in Darmstadt), as a gathering with lectures and concerts over several summer weeks. Composers, performers, theorists and philosophers of contemporary music met first annually until 1970, and then biennially. The event was organised by the Kranichsteiner Musikinstitut, which was renamed Internationales Musikinstitut Darmstadt (IMD). It is regarded as a leading international forum of contemporary and experimental music with a focus on composition. The festival awards the Kranichsteiner Musikpreis for performers and young composers.
Victorio's War
Victorio's War, or the Victorio Campaign, was an armed conflict between the Apache followers of Chief Victorio, the United States, and Mexico beginning in September 1879. Faced with arrest and forcible relocation from his homeland in New Mexico to San Carlos Indian Reservation in southeastern Arizona, Victorio led a guerrilla war across southern New Mexico, west Texas and northern Mexico. Victorio fought many battles and skirmishes with the United States Army and raided several settlements until the Mexican Army killed him and most of his warriors in October 1880 in the Battle of Tres Castillos. After Victorio's death, his lieutenant Nana led a raid in 1881.

Scholar Dan Thrapp wrote of Victorio's War that "never again were [Apache] fighters in such numbers to roam and ravage that country, nor were they again to be so ably led and managed."  Victorio, according to scholar Robert N. Watt, "is widely acknowledged as being one of the best guerrilla leaders of the Apache Wars."

Warrior
A warrior is a guardian specializing in combat or warfare, especially within the context of a tribal or clan-based warrior culture society that recognizes a separate warrior aristocracy, class, or caste.
Ravi Mohan
Ravi Mohan (born 10 September 1980), better known by his former stage name Jayam Ravi, is an Indian actor, director and producer who works in Tamil cinema. The son of veteran film editor A. Mohan, Ravi made his lead acting debut in Jayam (2003), the success of which prompted the title to become a prefix to his stage name until 2026. He has won one Tamil Nadu State Film Award and one Filmfare Award South and three SIIMA Awards respectively.

The success of Jayam made Ravi continue to collaborate with his brother for other films including M. Kumaran S/O Mahalakshmi (2004), Unakkum Enakkum (2006), Santhosh Subramaniam (2008) and Thani Oruvan (2015). He launched his own production company, Ravi Mohan Studios, and produced various films and including Bro Code.

Filmfare Awards South
The Filmfare Awards South are annual awards that honour artistic and technical excellence in the Telugu cinema, Tamil cinema, Malayalam cinema and Kannada cinema. They are presented by Filmfare magazine of The Times Group. When it was introduced in 1954, the Filmfare Awards initially only recognized achievements in the Hindi cinema. In 1964 the awards were extended to Telugu, Tamil, Bengali and Marathi languages for the films released in 1963. The awards were extended to Malayalam cinema in 1967 and Kannada cinema in 1970.

Each industry is given its own set of creative awards in annual ceremonies that have predominantly been held in Chennai and Hyderabad. Before 1976, the ceremony was held in Mumbai along with Hindi segment. From 1976, the southern region segment were separated from awards for Hindi-language films and moved to Chennai first, and later to Hyderabad in 1997. The event made its debut in Bengaluru and Kochi in 2022 and 2026 respectively.
Coat of arms of Vågsøy
The coat of arms of Vågsøy was an official symbol for the old Vågsøy Municipality in Sogn og Fjordane county, Norway which existed from 1964 until its dissolution in 2020 when it was split between Kinn Municipality and Stad Municipality. The coat of arms depicts two rudders in silver on a blue background. The rudders are of the special kind that are traditionally used on boats in the area. The arms symbolize guidance or control on land and sea. The coat of arms was designed by the artist Inge Rotevatn.

Sogn og Fjordane
Sogn og Fjordane (Urban East Norwegian: [ˈsɔŋn ɔ ˈfjûːrɑnə] ⓘ; literally "Parish and the Fjords") was a county in western Norway, from 1 January 1919 to 31 December 2019, after it was merged to become part of Vestland county. It was surrounded by Møre og Romsdal, Oppland, Buskerud, and Hordaland counties. The county administration was in the village of Hermansverk in Leikanger Municipality. The largest town in the county was Førde.

Although Sogn og Fjordane has some industry, predominantly hydroelectricity and aluminium, it is predominantly an agricultural area. Sogn og Fjordane is also home to the Urnes Stave Church and the Nærøyfjord, which are both listed by UNESCO as World Heritage Sites.

The Western Norway University of Applied Sciences has campuses in Sogndalsfjøra and Førde.
Granite City Lumberjacks
The Granite City Lumberjacks are a Tier III Junior A ice hockey team playing in the North American 3 Hockey League (NA3HL) and plays their home games at the Armadillo Deck Sports Arena, located in Sauk Rapids, Minnesota. The Lumberjacks play 48 regular season games, in addition to showcase and post-season tournament games.

Sauk Rapids, Minnesota
Sauk Rapids (/sɔːk/ SAWK) is a city in Benton County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 13,862 at the 2020 census and is 13,896 according to 2021 census estimates, about a third of Benton County's population. It is on a set of rapids on the Mississippi River near its confluence with the Sauk River.

Sauk Rapids is part of the St. Cloud metropolitan area.
The Right – Tricolour Flame
The Right–Tricolour Flame (La Destra–Fiamma Tricolore) was an Italian political coalition formed by two neofascist party: The Right of Francesco Storace and Tricolour Flame of Luca Romagnoli on 15 February 2008 in the run-up to the 2008 general election.

Daniela Santanchè was the candidate for Prime Minister of Italy. The list received 885,229 or 2.43% of the popular vote in the 2008 general elections and was awarded no representatives in the Chamber of Deputies or the Senate.

2008 Italian general election
A snap election was held in Italy on 13–14 April 2008. The election came after President Giorgio Napolitano dissolved the Italian Parliament on 6 February 2008, following the defeat of the government of Prime Minister Romano Prodi in a January 2008 Senate vote of confidence and the unsuccessful tentative appointment of Franco Marini with the aim to change the current electoral law. Under Italian law, elections must be held within 70 days of the dissolution. The voting determined the leader of Italy's 62nd government since the end of World War II. The coalition led by ex-Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi from The People of Freedom party defeated that of former Mayor of Rome, Walter Veltroni of the Democratic Party.
Oleh Osukhovskyi
Oleh Ivanovych Osukhovskyi (Ukrainian: Олег Іванович Осуховський; born 18 June 1978) is a Ukrainian politician and former professional footballer who served as a People's Deputy of Ukraine from Ukraine's 152nd electoral district, located in Rivne Oblast, from 2012 to 2019. Prior to his election he was a member of the Rivne Oblast Council.

Rivne Oblast
Rivne Oblast (Ukrainian: Рівненська область, romanized: Rívnensʹka óblastʹ), also referred to as Rivnenshchyna (Ukrainian: Рівненщина, romanized: Rívnenščyna), is an oblast in northwestern Ukraine. Its administrative center is Rivne. The surface area of the region is 20,100 square kilometres (7,800 mi2). Its population is: 1,141,784 (2022 estimate).

Before its annexation by the Soviet Union during World War II, the region was part of the Second Polish Republic's Wołyń Voivodeship following the Polish–Soviet War. Previously it was part of the Volhynian Governorate.

The Rivne Nuclear Power Plant is located in the oblast, near the city of Varash.
Naalo Unna Prema
Naalo Unna Prema (transl. The Love Inside Me) is a 2001 Telugu-language romantic drama film, produced by K.L.N. Raju on Sri Sairam Productions banner and directed by V. R. Pratap. The film stars Jagapati Babu, Laya, Gajala  and music was composed by Koti. This film is the debut of Gajala in Telugu and she is credited as Raaji by her character name in the film later her screen name was changed to Gajala from the film Student No.1 by K. Raghavendra Rao. The film was a remake of Kannada film Chandramukhi Pranasakhi (1999).

Jagapathi Babu
Veeramachaneni Jagapathi Chowdary (born 12 February 1962), professionally known as Jagapathi Babu (pronunciationⓘ), is an Indian actor known for his works in Telugu cinema. He has also appeared in Tamil, Kannada, Malayalam and Hindi films. Babu has appeared in 170 feature films, and has received four Filmfare Awards and seven state Nandi Awards.

He has worked with notable directors like Kodi Ramakrishna, S. V. Krishna Reddy, Ram Gopal Varma, Krishna Vamsi, E. V. V. Satyanarayana, Gunasekhar, Chandra Sekhar Yeleti, Siva, A. M. Rathnam, K. Raghavendra Rao, Radha Mohan, Mohan Raja, J. D. Chakravarthy, Boyapati Srinu, Trivikram Srinivas, Vysakh, K. S. Ravikumar, Sukumar, Koratala Siva and Prashanth Neel.
Louis R. Vitullo
Louis R. Vitullo (July 2, 1924 – January 3, 2006) was a Chicago police sergeant and chief microanalyst at the city's crime lab.

Vitullo helped to develop the rape kit, which standardized evidence collection in cases of sexual assault. Marty Goddard, a victim advocate, had seen the need for more systematic evidence at trial, and brought her concerns and the idea for a kit to Vitullo.  Vitullo helped develop Goddard's prototype.  Although the resulting evidence kits were for a time called Vitullo kits, this name has more recently come under criticism as part of a general push to honor Goddard's contribution to the kits.

Microanalysis
Microanalysis is the chemical identification and quantitative analysis of very small amounts  of chemical substances (generally less than 10 mg or 1 ml) or very small surfaces  of material (generally less than 1 cm2). One of the pioneers in the microanalysis of chemical elements was the Slovenian-Austrian Nobel Prize winner Fritz Pregl.
St Margaret Clitherow's Church, Great Ayton
St Margaret Clitherow's Church is a Catholic church in Great Ayton, a village in North Yorkshire, in England.

Until the 1960s, Catholics in Great Ayton worshipped at St Joseph's Church, Stokesley.  In 1966, a Sunday mass was instituted in the ambulance station in the village.  In 1970, a purpose-built timber-framed church was opened on Race Terrace, and in 1971 it was dedicated to Margaret Clitherow, becoming the first church in the world dedicated to the recently canonised saint.  In 2002, part of the church was demolished, and a new octagonal building was constructed, the remainder of the old building being retained as a church hall.  The new church was designed by DKS Architects and is in red brick with stone details, and a grey tile roof.  Two stained glass windows were installed, with designs by Kyme Studios.

Margaret Clitherow
Margaret Clitherow (née Middleton, c. 1556 – 25 March 1586) was an English Catholic recusant known as The Pearl of York. She was pressed to death for refusing to enter a plea to the charge of harbouring Catholic priests. She was canonised in 1970 by Pope Paul VI.
Mush (album)
Mush is the third full-length album by the English punk band Leatherface. It was originally released only in Britain on Roughneck, a subsidiary of Fire Records, in 1991. It was re-released on Seed Records, an offshoot of Atlantic Records, in 1992, in an unsuccessful attempt to capitalize on the popularity of Nirvana in the United States.

The Guardian called it an album "which has influenced every hardcore, post-hardcore, call it what you want, punk group that exists anywhere across the globe." Kerrang rated it as one of the 50 best albums of 1991.

In 2012, Sarah Anderson of NME named it one of "20 lost albums ripe for rediscovery", and the same magazine named it the 49th best album of 1991 in 2016.

Fire Records (UK)
Fire Records is a British independent record label, run by James Nicholls, with offices in London, England and New York, United States.  The label was founded by music journalist Johnny Waller and Clive Solomon in 1985 and released early records from Pulp, Teenage Fanclub (on subsidiary label Paperhouse), Spacemen 3 (formerly on Glass Records), Blue Aeroplanes, Lives of Angels and others. In the early 1990s, the label was home to Neutral Milk Hotel, The Lemonheads, Built to Spill, Urge Overkill and others. 
The label was relaunched in the late 1990s by James Nicholls, and has gone on to release albums by Guided By Voices, Giant Sand, Pere Ubu, Black Lips, Jane Weaver, Josephine Foster, The Lemonheads and Islet.
Jessica Frotten
Jessica Frotten (born April 23, 1988) is a Canadian Paralympic athlete who competed in the T53 classification.

In 2015, Frotten competed at the 2015 Parapan American Games where she won bronze in the 100 metres and 400 metres events.

Frotten was selected to compete at the 2020 Summer Paralympics in Tokyo, participating in the 400, 800, and 1500 metres events, as well as the Mixed 4x100 metres relay

Additionally, Frotten was a member of the Canadian national team at the 2015 IPC Athletics World Championships and 2017 World Para Athletics Championships, as well as the 2018 and 2022 Commonwealth Games.

In 2024, Frotten was inducted into the Regina Sports Hall of Fame, having spent the majority of her athletic career training in Saskatchewan.

Athletics at the 2020 Summer Paralympics – Women's 800 metres T53
The women's 800 metres T53 event at the 2020 Summer Paralympics in Tokyo, took place on 29 August 2021.

The T53 category is for wheelchair athletes with normal use of arms and hands, no or limited trunk function, and no leg function.
Lactobacillus gasseri
Lactobacillus gasseri is a species in the genus Lactobacillus identified in 1980 by François Gasser and his associates.

L. gasseri is a  normal inhabitant of the intestines of men and women and lower reproductive tract in healthy women. It is one of the four main species of Lactobacillus considered to be the major part of the vaginal microbiota, along with Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus jensenii, and Lactobacillus iners.

Lactobacillus gasseri produces gassericin A, a bacteriocin. It also produces Lactocillin.

Its 1.89 Mbp genome was sequenced in 2008.

Its strain Lg-36 eliminates C. difficile infection after taking antibiotics.

Lactocillin
Lactocillin is a thiopeptide antibiotic which is encoded for and produced by biosynthetic genes clusters in the bacteria Lactobacillus gasseri. Lactocillin was discovered and purified in 2014. Lactobacillus gasseri is one of the four Lactobacillus bacteria found to be most common in the human vaginal microbiome. Due to increasing levels of pathogenic resistance to known antibiotics, novel antibiotics are increasingly valuable. Lactocillin could function as a new antibiotic that could help people fight off infections that are resistant to many other antibiotics.
Austin American-Statesman
The Austin American-Statesman is the major daily newspaper for Austin, the capital city of the U.S. state of Texas. It is owned by Hearst Communications. The distribution of the following The New York Times, The Washington Post, Associated Press, and USA TODAY international and national news, but also incorporates Central Texas coverage, especially in political reporting. The paper covers the area's music scene, especially the annual South by Southwest Music Festival, and co-sponsors Austin events such as the Capital 10K, one of the largest 10K runs in the U.S., and the Season for Caring charity campaign. In the Austin market, the Statesman competes with the Austin Chronicle, an alternative weekly.

Alternative newspaper
An alternative newspaper is a type of newspaper that eschews comprehensive coverage of general news in favor of stylized reporting, opinionated reviews and columns, investigations into edgy topics and magazine-style feature stories highlighting local people and culture. Its news coverage is more locally focused, and their target audiences are younger than those of daily newspapers. Typically, alternative newspapers are published in tabloid format and printed on newsprint. Other names for such publications include alternative weekly, alternative newsweekly, and alt weekly, as the majority circulate on a weekly schedule.

Most metropolitan areas of the United States and Canada are home to at least one alternative paper. These papers are generally found in such urban areas, although a few publish in smaller cities, in rural areas or exurban areas where they may be referred to as an alt monthly  due to the less frequent publication schedule.
Nai (album)
Nai (Greek: Ναι; English: Yes) is the third studio album by Greek singer Anna Vissi. It was released in Greece and Cyprus in 1980 by EMI Greece. In 2006, a remastered version was released, including her entry in the ESC (1980's "Autostop", featuring Epikouri), as well as two remixes of the song "Oso Eho Foni". The album reached gold status.

Greece in the Eurovision Song Contest 1980
Greece was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 1980 with the song "Autostop", composed by Jick Nacassian, with lyrics by Rony Sofu, and performed by Anna Vissi and The Epikouri. The Greek participating broadcaster, the Hellenic Broadcasting Corporation (ERT), held a national final to select its entry.

Greece performed third at the event, held on 19 April 1980, in the Hague, Netherlands, and placed 13th with 30 points. This tied the nation's lowest placement in the contest.
Char (chemistry)
Char is the solid material that remains after light gases (e.g. coal gas) and tar have been driven out or released from a carbonaceous material during the initial stage of combustion, which is known as carbonization, charring, devolatilization or pyrolysis.

Further stages of efficient combustion (with or without char deposits) are known as gasification reactions, ending quickly when the reversible gas phase of the water gas shift reaction is reached.

Water–gas shift reaction
The water–gas shift reaction (WGSR) describes the reaction of carbon monoxide and water vapor to form carbon dioxide and hydrogen:

CO + H2O ⇌ CO2 + H2

The water gas shift reaction was discovered by Italian physicist Felice Fontana in 1780. It was not until much later that the industrial value of this reaction was realized. Before the early 20th century, hydrogen was obtained by reacting steam under high pressure with iron to produce iron oxide and hydrogen. With the development of industrial processes that required hydrogen, such as the Haber–Bosch ammonia synthesis, a less expensive and more efficient method of hydrogen production was needed. As a resolution to this problem, the WGSR was combined with the gasification of coal to produce hydrogen.