hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fort Defiance (Lenoir, North Carolina)
Fort Defiance is a historic plantation house located near Lenoir, Caldwell County, North Carolina.  The main block was built between 1788 and 1792, and is a two-story, frame structure measuring 28 feet by 40 feet.  A wing was added in 1823.  It was the home of Revolutionary War General William Lenoir. The property was transferred to the Caldwell County Historical Society in 1965 and operated as a historic house museum.

This location on the Yadkin River was originally built upon by the troops serving under Elijah Isaacs in the summer of 1776. At the time, it was known as Fort Isaacs.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1970.

Western North Carolina politician George Washington Hayes married his second wife at Fort Defiance on February 6, 1842.

Plantation house
A plantation house is the main house of a plantation, often a substantial farmhouse, which often serves as a symbol for the plantation as a whole. Plantation houses in the Southern United States and in other areas are known as quite grand and expensive architectural works today, though most were more utilitarian, working farmhouses.
Southern Districts Football Club
The Southern Districts Football Club, nicknamed the Crocs, is an Australian rules football club established in 1981. The club plays in the Northern Territory Football League at semi-professional level and represent the rural area of Litchfield.

Premier League ('A' Grade)

The club won their first ever 'A' Grade Premiership under Coach Mark Motlop in the 1997/98 season defeating St Mary's.

Michael "Magic" McLean coached for a number of seasons commencing with the 2006/07 Premiership season.

Shannon Rusca became Senior Coach in the 2012/13 season. Shannon who played as the youngest Premier League premiership player as a 17-year-old in the club's first 'A' grade Premiership in the 1997/98 season was Captain in the 2006/07 season Premiership winning team playing as a Player / Assistant Coach under "Magic". Then in the 2017/18 season coached the team to the club's third Premier League premiership.

Litchfield Municipality
The Litchfield Council is a local government area of the Northern Territory of Australia on the eastern and southeastern outskirts of the Darwin-Palmerston urban area. The municipality covers an area of 2,903 square kilometres (1,120.9 sq mi), and was created by the Northern Territory government on 6 September 1985.
Boké Museum
The Boké Prefectural Museum (French: Musée Préfectoral de Boké) is a regional museum located in Boké Prefecture, in the Boké Region of Guinea. Inaugurated in 1982, it is housed in a small fort constructed in 1878.

Boké Prefecture
Boké is a prefecture located in the Boké Region of Guinea. The capital is Boké. The prefecture covers an area of 11,124 km2 and has a population of 449,405. It contains several economically important areas of the country, including those engaged in fishing, mining, and agriculture.
Parmotrema aberrans
Parmotrema aberrans is a species of lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It is found in the Neotropics, from Mexico to Paraguay. The species was originally described by Edvard August Vainio in 1890 as a form of Parmelia xanthina. In 1958, Henry Nicollon des Abbayes promoted it to species level within Parmelia. Luciana Canêz and Marcelo Marcelli transferred it to Parmotrema in 2008.

Characteristics of Parmotrema aberrans include a greenish-yellow thallus (due to the presence of usnic acid), continuous cilia on the margins, cylindrical isidia with cilia, and the presence of gyrophoric acid in the medulla. Parmotrema xanthinum is quite similar in appearance and morphology, but lacks medullary gyrophoric acid.

The lichenicolous fungus Macroskyttea parmotrematis (Helotiales), reported as a new genus and species in 2015, inhabits the thalli of Parmotrema aberrans (as well as P. ultralucens).

Medulla (lichenology)
The medulla is a horizontal layer within a lichen thallus.  It is a loosely arranged layer of interlaced hyphae below the upper cortex and photobiont zone, but above the lower cortex. The medulla generally has a cottony appearance.  It is the widest layer of a heteromerous lichen thallus.
Banca Tirrenica
Banca Tirrenica S.p.A. formerly known as Nuova Banca dell'Etruria e del Lazio S.p.A. was an Italian bank based in Arezzo, Tuscany. The bank was re-established on 22 November 2015 as a good bank of the original Banca Popolare dell'Etruria e del Lazio (BPEL). The bank was bought by UBI Banca on 18 January 2017 for a nominal fee.

Both Tyrrhenian and Etruria were alternative names for the area that is located in Central Western Italy.

Arezzo
Arezzo (UK: /əˈrɛtsoʊ, æˈr-/ ə-RET-soh, arr-ET-soh, US: /ɑːˈr-/ ar-ET-soh; Italian: [aˈrettso]) is a city and comune in Italy and the capital of the province of the same name located in Tuscany. Arezzo is about 80 kilometres (50 miles) southeast of Florence at an elevation of 296 metres (971 ft) above sea level. As of 2022, the population was about 97,000.

Known as the city of gold and of the high fashion, Arezzo was home to artists and poets such as Giorgio Vasari, Guido of Arezzo and Guittone d'Arezzo and in its province to Renaissance artist Michelangelo. In the artistic field, the city is famous for the frescoes by Piero della Francesca inside the Basilica of San Francesco, and the crucifix by Cimabue inside the Basilica of San Domenico. The city is also known for the important Giostra del Saracino, a game of chivalry that dates back to the Middle Ages.
Latvia–Sweden relations
Latvia and Sweden have bilateral relations dating back to at least 1776, when a Swedish consulate was established in Riga. Parts of Livonia fell under the Swedish Empire from 1621 to 1709, including the dominion of Swedish Livonia. The two resumed diplomatic relations on 28 August 1991, following Latvia's restoration of independence amidst the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Latvia has an embassy in Stockholm while Sweden has an embassy in Riga. Both countries border the Baltic Sea and are members of the European Union, the Nordic-Baltic Eight, the Council of Europe, Joint Expeditionary Force and NATO, among other organisations.
Latvia supported Sweden's NATO membership during Sweden's accession into NATO, which was finalized on 7 March 2024.

Dominions of Sweden
The Dominions of Sweden or Svenska besittningar ("Swedish possessions") were territories that historically came under control of the Swedish Crown, but never became fully integrated with Sweden. This generally meant that they were ruled by Governors-General under the Swedish monarch, but within certain limits retained their own established political systems, essentially their diets. Finland was not a dominion, but a land of Sweden. The dominions had no representation in the Swedish Riksdag as stipulated by the 1634 Instrument of Government paragraph 46: "No one, who is not living inside the separate and old borders of Sweden and Finland, have anything to say at Riksdags and other meetings..."
Dasypogonaceae
Dasypogonaceae is a family of flowering plants based on the type genus Dasypogon, one that has traditionally not been commonly recognized by taxonomists; the plants it contains were usually included in the family Xanthorrhoeaceae. If valid, Dasypogonaceae includes four genera with 16 species. The family is endemic to Australia. The best known representative is Kingia australis.

The 2016 APG IV system places the family in the order Arecales, after several studies revealed the family as a sister taxon to Arecaceae, the palm family. Other authors find that the placement of Dasypogonaceae remains undetermined, due to conflicting models, and leave it in an order of its own, the Dasypogonales.

The earlier APG III (2009), APG II (2003), and the 1998 APG system all accepted the validity of the family, assigning it to the clade commelinids, but leaving it unplaced as to order. The commelinids are monocots, the broad group to which, in any event, these plants clearly belong.

Xanthorrhoea
Xanthorrhoea (/zænθoʊˈriːə/) is a genus of about 30 species of succulent flowering plants in the family Asphodelaceae. They are endemic to Australia. Common names for the plants include grasstree, grass gum-tree (for resin-yielding species), kangaroo tail, balga (Western Australia), yakka (South Australia), yamina (Tasmania, from the palawa kani language), and black boy (or "blackboy"). The most common species is Xanthorrhoea australis, and some of these names are applied specifically to this species.
Ølby
Ølby (lit. 'Beer Town' or "the place where the people are making good beer") is a neighbourhood north of the town of Køge divided into two parts, the village of Ølby and east of the village near the shore of Køge Bay a suburb named Ølby Lyng 35 km south-west of Copenhagen, Denmark, located in the northern part of Køge. The suburb is connected with the radial line Køgebugtbanen, a part of the S-train network, at the Ølby station.

Ølby church is a small church built in 1997.

Køge Bugt-banen
Køge Bugt-banen is one of six radial S-train lines in Copenhagen; it connects the city center to communities along Køge Bugt (the bay of Køge) and terminates in the city of Køge about 35 km southwest of central Copenhagen.
I Want You to Be My Girl
"I Want You to Be My Girl" is a song written by George Goldner and Richard Barrett and performed by The Teenagers featuring Frankie Lymon. It reached #3 on the U.S. R&B chart and #13 on the Billboard pop chart in 1956. The song was featured on their 1956 album, The Teenagers Featuring Frankie Lymon.

George Goldner
George Goldner (February 9, 1918 – April 15, 1970) was an American record label owner, record producer and promoter who played an important role in establishing the popularity of rock and roll in the 1950s, by recording and promoting many groups and records that appealed to young people across racial boundaries.  Among the acts he discovered were the Crows, Frankie Lymon and the Teenagers, and Little Anthony and the Imperials.

He established (or helped establish) a number of record labels, including Tico, Rama, Gee, Roulette, End, Gone, and Red Bird.  It was said of him that he "discovered more talent, both in front of the microphone and behind the scenes, than most producers get to record in a lifetime.  Moreover, in the decades since, much of the music that Goldner recorded and released has retained an astonishing appeal to generations of listeners".
Robert E. Howard Museum
The Robert E. Howard Museum is located at the junction of Texas State Highway 36 and Avenue J in Cross Plains, in the county of Callahan, in the U.S. state of Texas. The museum was the family home of author Robert E. Howard, creator of Conan the Barbarian, Solomon Kane, Kull of Atlantis, Sailor Steve Costigan, and others. Howard was notable for his contributions to Weird Tales and other magazines as well as his close collaborations and friendship with famous author and editor H. P. Lovecraft. His work is considered critical to Working-Class Literature and the preservation of American Folk-tales, especially in relation to Texan literature and regional Tall Tale methods. The structure was added to the National Register of Historic Places listings in Callahan County, Texas  in 1994.

Solomon Kane
Solomon Kane is a fictional character created by the pulp-era writer Robert E. Howard. A late-16th-to-early-17th century Puritan, Solomon Kane is a somber-looking man who wanders the world with no apparent goal other than to vanquish evil in all its forms. His adventures, published mostly in the pulp magazine Weird Tales, often take him from Europe to the jungles of Africa and back.

When Weird Tales published a story featuring Conan the Barbarian, the editors introduced it by writing that "Its author, Robert E. Howard, is already a favorite with the readers of this magazine for his stories of Solomon Kane, the dour English Puritan and redresser of wrongs".

Solomon Kane was portrayed by James Purefoy in the film Solomon Kane in 2009. He has also been featured in a series of comics published by Marvel from 1973 to 1994, from 2008 to 2009 at Dark Horse Comics, and beginning again in 2025 with Titan Comics.
Ypsolopha sublucella
Ypsolopha sublucella is a moth of the family Ypsolophidae. It is known from California, United States.

The larvae feed on oaks of the section Protobalanus (intermediate oaks), including Quercus vaccinifolia.

Quercus vacciniifolia
Quercus vacciniifolia (sometimes spelled Q. vaccinifolia), the huckleberry oak, is a member of the Protobalanus section of genus Quercus.  It has evergreen foliage, short styles, very bitter acorns that mature in 18 months, and a woolly acorn shell interior.
UDM
UDM may stand for:

Udmurt language (ISO 639 language code), a Uralic language

Union of Democratic Mineworkers, a trade union in Nottinghamshire, England

United Democratic Movement, a South African political party

United Democratic Movement (Kenya), a Kenyan political party

Universal Docking Module, a once-proposed portion of the International Space Station

Universidad de Manila, a university in Manila, Philippines

University of Detroit Mercy, a private Roman Catholic university in Detroit, Michigan

Upside-Down Magic, a fantasy book series by Sarah Mlynowski, Lauren Myracle, and Emily Jenkins
Upside-Down Magic (film), a Disney Channel film loosely based on the books

University of Detroit Mercy
The University of Detroit Mercy is a private Catholic university in Detroit, Michigan, United States. It is sponsored by both the Society of Jesus (Jesuits) and the Sisters of Mercy. The university was founded in 1877 and is the largest Catholic university in Michigan. It has four campuses where it offers more than 100 academic degree programs. In athletics, the university sponsors 17 NCAA Division I sports for men and women. It is a member of the Horizon League.
Katakura Shigenaga
Katakura Shigenaga (片倉 重長, 1585 – May 16, 1659) was a Japanese samurai of the Azuchi-Momoyama period through early Edo period. The son of Katakura Kagetsuna, Shigenaga was the second man to bear the common name Kojūrō. His name was originally Shigetsuna; however, to avoid conflict with the fourth shōgun Ietsuna's name, he changed it to Shigenaga.

In 1614, he took part in the Osaka Campaign, fighting Gotō Matabei at Dōmyōji Temple.

Following the Osaka Campaign, Shigenaga married a daughter of Sanada Yukimura and his wife, Chikurin-in (Ōtani Yoshitsugu's daughter and adopted daughter of Toyotomi Hideyoshi), and adopted their second son, Sanada Daihachi, later known as "Katakura Heinosuke Morinobu". He also assisted many of the masterless former Sanada retainers.

He was succeeded by his maternal grandson also adopted son, Kagenaga.

Siege of Osaka
The siege of Osaka (大坂の役, Ōsaka no Eki; or, more commonly, 大坂の陣 Ōsaka no Jin) was a series of battles undertaken by the Japanese Tokugawa shogunate against the Toyotomi clan, and ending in that clan's destruction. Divided into two stages, the winter campaign and the summer campaign, it lasted from 1614 to 1615. The siege put an end to the last major armed opposition to the establishment of the Tokugawa shogunate. The end of the conflict is sometimes called the Genna Armistice (元和偃武, Genna Enbu), because the era name was changed from Keichō to Genna immediately following the siege.
Virtual currency
Virtual currency, or virtual money, is a digital currency that is typically unregulated, issued and usually controlled by its developers, and used and accepted electronically among the members of a specific virtual community as part of a virtual economy. In 2014, the European Banking Authority defined virtual currency as "a digital representation of value that is neither issued by a central bank or a public authority, nor necessarily attached to a fiat currency but is accepted by natural or legal persons as a means of payment and can be transferred, stored or traded electronically." A digital currency issued by a central bank is referred to as a central bank digital currency.

United States Commodity Futures Trading Commission
The United States Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) is an independent agency of the United States federal government. Created in 1974, the commission regulates the United States derivatives markets, which includes futures, swaps, and certain kinds of options.

The Commodity Exchange Act (CEA), 7 U.S.C. § 1 et seq., prohibits fraudulent conduct in the trading of futures, swaps, and other derivatives.  The stated mission of the CFTC is to promote the integrity, resilience, and vibrancy of the U.S. derivatives markets through sound regulation. After the 2008 financial crisis and since 2010 with the Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, the CFTC has been transitioning to bring more transparency and sound regulation to the multitrillion-dollar swaps market.
William Benet (MP)
William Benet (1381–1463), of Canterbury, Kent, was an English politician and tavern owner.

He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Canterbury in October 1416, 1420, 1425, 1435 and 1450. He was Mayor of Canterbury in 1449–50.

Canterbury (UK Parliament constituency)
Canterbury is a constituency in Kent represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2017 by Rosie Duffield formerly of the Labour Party and since September 2024 an Independent.

The seat dates to the earliest century of regular parliaments, in 1295; it elected two MPs until 1885, electing one thereafter, before being altered by the Representation of the People Act 1918 (the later-termed "Fourth Reform Act", the first being in 1832).
Brazil at the 2024 Winter Youth Olympics
Brazil competed at the 2024 Winter Youth Olympics in Gangwon, South Korea, from 19 January to 1 February 2024. This was Brazil's fourth appearance at the Winter Youth Olympic Games, having competed at every Games since the inaugural edition in 2012.

Bobsledder André Luiz da Silva and alpine skier Alice Padilha were the country's flagbearers during the opening ceremony.

Zion Bethônico became the first athlete from Brazil to win a Winter Youth Olympics (or Winter Olympics) medal. On 20 January, Bethônico won the bronze medal in the men's snowboard cross event.

2024 Winter Youth Olympics
The 2024 Winter Youth Olympics (Korean: 2024년 동계 청소년 올림픽), officially known as the IV Winter Youth Olympic Games and commonly known as Gangwon 2024 (강원 2024), were a winter multi-sport event, cultural festival, and fourth edition of the Winter Youth Olympics held between 19 January and 1 February 2024 in Gangwon Province, South Korea.

That was the third time South Korea hosted the Olympic Games, after the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul and the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, and the second time the country hosted the Winter games, after the 2018 Olympics. It was also the first Winter Youth Olympics held in Asia, as well as the third overall Youth Olympic Games in the continent, after the 2010 Olympics in Singapore and the 2014 Olympics in Nanjing, China (all Summer Games). It was also the final Youth Olympic Games under the IOC presidency of Thomas Bach.
Petkevich
Petkevich (Belarusian: Петкевич) is a gender-neutral Slavic surname. Notable people with the surname include:

John Misha Petkevich (born 1949), American figure skater

Natalia Petkevich (born 1972), Belarusian politician

Natalia Petkevich
Natalia Vladimirovna Petkevich (Belarusian: Наталля Уладзіміраўна Пяткевіч Natallya Uladzimirawna Pyatkevich; Russian: Наталья Владимировна Петкевич Natalya Vladimirovna Petkevich; born 24 October 1972) is a Belarusian politician who served formerly as the First Deputy Head of the Administration of the President of Belarus. As of June 27, 2024, she has reprised her role as First Deputy Head of the Belarus President Administration.
Basic People's Congress (administrative division)
Basic People's Congress (Arabic: مؤتمر شعبي أساسي, romanized: Mu'tamar shaʿbi asāsi) was the primary administrative division in Libya under the Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya from 1977 to 2011. It corresponded approximately to the level of a township or borough.

During Muammar Gaddafi's rule, political caucuses and committees of the Basic People's Congress operated at this level.  Representatives from the Basic People's Congresses regulated operations at the higher shabiyah (district) level.

In July 2013 the shabiyat and Basic People's Congress system was replaced with a new baladiyat system of ninety-nine first-level administrative divisions.

Township
A township is a form of human settlement or administrative subdivision. Its exact definition varies among countries.

Although the term is occasionally associated with an urban area, this tends to be an exception to the rule. In Australia, Canada, Scotland, and parts of the United States, the term refers to settlements too small or scattered to be considered urban.
Reinikka
Reinikka is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Aulis Reinikka (1915–1998), Finnish athlete

Ilmari Reinikka (1906–1978), Finnish athlete

Ollie Reinikka (1901–1962), Canadian ice hockey forward

Tyko Reinikka (1887–1964), Finnish bank director and politician

Ollie Reinikka
Alver Mathias "Ollie Rocco" Reinikka (August 2, 1901 – November 2, 1962) was a Canadian professional ice hockey forward. In the 1926–27 season, he played 16 games in the National Hockey League for the New York Rangers. Reinikka was born in Shuswap, British Columbia, but grew up in Canmore, Alberta.
Spann
Spann is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alexi Spann, American breaststroke swimmer

Antwain Spann, American football player

Gloria Carter Spann, sister of former American president Jimmy Carter

James Spann, American meteorologist

Johnny Micheal Spann, Central Intelligence Agency paramilitary operations officer

Othmar Spann, Austrian philosopher

Otis Spann, American blues musician

Pervis Spann, American radio broadcaster

Scott Spann (swimmer), American swimmer

Silvio Spann, Trinidad and Tobagonian footballer

James Spann
James Max Spann Jr. (born June 6, 1956) is an American broadcast meteorologist and podcast host based in Birmingham, Alabama. He is the chief meteorologist for ABC 33/40 (WBMA-LD), the ABC-affiliated television station in Birmingham. Spann has worked in the field since 1978. He also hosts the podcast WeatherBrains.
Seyval noir
Seyval noir (French pronunciation: [sɛval nwaʁ]) is a red hybrid grape variety that was created in the late 19th century by French horticulturalist Bertille Seyve and his father-in-law Victor Villard from a crossing of two Seibel grapes (Rayon d'Or and Seibel 5656). The pair used the same two varieties to create the white wine grape Seyval blanc, making the two siblings rather than color mutations of one or the other. The name Seyval comes from a combination of the two men's names.

Unlike Seyval blanc, Seyval noir is not widely planted with only a few producers cultivating the grape in the Canadian wine region of Quebec and some experimental plantings in the Jura wine region of eastern France.

Quebec wine
Quebec wine is wine made in the province of Quebec. The grape varieties grown in Quebec, both white and red, all have common qualities needed by the harshness of the winter season, including resistance to winter temperatures, resistance to spring freezes and being early ripening. Some 40 varieties are grown in Quebec, with the most commonly planted being Maréchal Foch, Frontenac, De Chaunac, Vidal and Seyval blanc.

Quebec wine makers have developed a large array of products including dry, semi-dry and fortified wines (including Vin doux naturel styles). Additionally the region produces ice wines, late harvest wines, sparkling wines and fruit wines.

Quebec counts six regions where vines are cultivated. They are the Eastern Townships, Montérégie, Québec, Basses Laurentides, Lanaudière, and Centre-du-Québec.