hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2017 UCI Road World Championships – Men's road race
The Men's road race of the 2017 UCI Road World Championships was a cycling event that took place on 24 September 2017 in Bergen, Norway. It was the 84th edition of the championship, and Slovakia's Peter Sagan was the two times defending champion.

After a late move from France's Julian Alaphilippe was brought back within the final kilometres, Sagan outsprinted his rivals to win a third consecutive world title, the first male rider to do so. As well as this, he became the fifth man – after Alfredo Binda, Rik Van Steenbergen, Eddy Merckx and Óscar Freire – to win three elite road world championship titles. European champion Alexander Kristoff from Norway took the silver medal, while the bronze medal went to Australian Michael Matthews.

Alfredo Binda
Alfredo Binda (11 August 1902 – 19 July 1986) was an Italian road cyclist of the 1920s and 1930s. He was the first to win five editions of the Giro d'Italia, and a three-time world champion. In addition he won Milan–San Remo twice, and the Tour of Lombardy four times.

Later he would manage the Italian National team. Under him, Fausto Coppi, Gino Bartali and Gastone Nencini all triumphed at the Tour de France.
Pre- and post-test probability
Pre-test probability and post-test probability (alternatively spelled pretest and posttest probability) are the probabilities of the presence of a condition (such as a disease) before and after a diagnostic test, respectively. Post-test probability, in turn, can be positive or negative, depending on whether the test falls out as a positive test or a negative test, respectively. In some cases, it is used for the probability of developing the condition of interest in the future.

Test, in this sense, can refer to any medical test (but usually in the sense of diagnostic tests), and in a broad sense also including questions and even assumptions (such as assuming that the target individual is a female or male). The ability to make a difference between pre- and post-test probabilities of various conditions is a major factor in the indication of medical tests.

Gold standard (test)
In medicine and medical statistics, the gold standard, criterion standard, or reference standard is the diagnostic test or benchmark that is the best available under reasonable conditions. It is the test against which new tests are compared to gauge their validity, and it is used to evaluate the efficacy of treatments.

The meaning of "gold standard" may differ between practical medicine and the statistical ideal. With some medical conditions, only an autopsy can guarantee diagnostic certainty. In these cases, the gold standard test is the best test that keeps the patient alive, and even gold standard tests can require follow-up to confirm or refute the diagnosis.
Lysenin
Lysenin is a pore-forming toxin (PFT) present in the coelomic fluid of the earthworm Eisenia fetida. Pore-forming toxins are a group of proteins that act as virulence factors of several pathogenic bacteria. Lysenin proteins are chiefly involved in the defense against cellular pathogens. Following the general mechanism of action of PFTs lysenin is segregated as a soluble monomer that binds specifically to a membrane receptor, sphingomyelin in the case of lysenin. After attaching to the membrane, the oligomerization begins, resulting in a nonamer on top of membrane, known as a prepore. After a conformational change, which could be triggered by a decrease of pH, the oligomer is inserted into the membrane in the so-called pore state.

Coelom
The coelom (or celom) is the main body cavity in many animals and is positioned inside the body to surround and contain the digestive tract and other organs. In some animals, it is lined with mesothelium. In other animals, such as molluscs, it remains undifferentiated. In the past, and for practical purposes, coelom characteristics have been used to classify bilaterian animal phyla into informal groups.
Hošperk Castle
Hošperk Castle, also known as Haasberg Castle or Haasber Manor (Slovene: dvorec Hošperk or German: Schloss Haasberg), is a ruined baroque style mansion located near the village of Planina, in the Municipality of Postojna, southwestern Slovenia. Originally established as a medieval fortress, the manor underwent several transformations over centuries and played a notable role in the regional history of Carniola. Once a seat of aristocratic families such as the Eggenbergs, Cobenzls, and Windisch-Grätz, it was largely destroyed during the Second World War. The site is now recognized as a cultural monument and subject to conservation efforts.

Eggenberg family
The House of Eggenberg was the name of an influential Austrian noble family from Styria, who achieved princely rank in the 17th century. The family's last male heir died in 1717, bringing an end to the House of Eggenberg.
Fuji music
Fújì is a genre of Yoruba popular music that emerged in Nigeria in the 1960s. It evolved from the improvisational wéré music also known as ajísari (meaning "waking up for sari", performed to awaken Muslims before dawn during the fasting season of Ramadan. Fuji music was named after the Japanese stratovolcano-mountain, Mount Fuji by Alhaji Sikiru Ayinde Barrister (pioneer of Fuji). It features energetic beats, diverse Yoruba rhythms, and call-and-response vocals. Fuji's influence extends into contemporary music, with its hooks and rhythms frequently appearing in Nigerian hip hop.

In February 2024, professor and filmmaker Saheed Aderinto released the first episode of The Fuji Documentary titled "Mr. Fuji: Barry Wonder" which chronicles the story of Fuji music creator Sikiru Ayinde Barrister.

Call and response
Call and response is a form of interaction between a speaker and an audience in which the speaker's statements ("calls") are punctuated by responses from the listeners, for example in protest gatherings and marches where calls such as "what do we want?" and "when do we want it?" form a vehicle for promoting the issue underlying the protest. This form is also used in music, where it falls under the general category of antiphony.
2024 Fifth Third Charleston 125 – Singles
Varvara Lepchenko was the reigning champion from when the event was last held in 2021, but did not participate this year.

Elisabetta Cocciaretto won the title, defeating Diana Shnaider in the final, 6–3, 6–2.

Diana Shnaider
Diana Maximovna Shnaider (Russian: Диа́на Макси́мовна Шна́йдер, pronounced [dʲɪˈanə mɐˈksʲiməvnə ˈʂnaɪ̯dɛr]; born 2 April 2004) is a Russian professional tennis player. She has a career-high rankings of world No. 11 in singles and No. 8 in doubles by the Women's Tennis Association, both achieved in 2025.
Shnaider has won five singles titles and two doubles titles on the WTA Tour, and was a silver medalist in women's doubles at the 2024 Paris Olympics partnering Mirra Andreeva.
Haworthia blackburniae
Haworthia blackburniae is a perennial succulent belonging to the genus Haworthia and is part of the fynbos and Succulent Karoo. The species is endemic to the Western Cape. It has a range of 3,717 km2 and the population is decreasing due to illegal trade in the succulent industry. The plant occurs on the foothills of the Swartberg between Ladismith and De Rust and southwards to Rooiberg and the Gamkaberg. The plant grows very slowly and is difficult to cultivate. At the foothills the plant is also threatened by invasive plants.

De Rust
De Rust is a small village at the gateway to the Klein Karoo, South Africa. The name is Dutch and literally translates to "The Rest", referring to the town's original purpose of being a resting place for settlers en route through the challenging terrain of a nearby Swartberg gorge.
Lena Petermann
Lena Petermann (German: [ˈleːna ˈpeːtɐman]; born 5 February 1994) is a German professional footballer who plays as a forward for Frauen-Bundesliga club Werder Bremen. She has appeared for the Germany national team.

German Football Association
The German Football Association (German: Deutscher Fußball-Bund [ˈdɔʏtʃɐ ˈfuːsbalˌbʊnt]; DFB [ˌdeːʔɛfˈbeː] ⓘ) is the governing body of football, futsal, and beach soccer in Germany. A founding member of both FIFA and UEFA, the DFB has jurisdiction for the German football league system and is in charge of the men's and women's national teams. The DFB headquarters are in Frankfurt am Main. Sole members of the DFB are the German Football League (German: Deutsche Fußball Liga; DFL), organising the professional Bundesliga and the 2. Bundesliga, along with five regional and 21 state associations, organising the semi-professional and amateur levels. The 21 state associations of the DFB have a combined number of 23,868 clubs with little more than 8 million members, making the DFB the single largest sports federation in the world.
Hideo Nagata
Hideo Nagata (長田 秀雄, Nagata Hideo) (13 May 1885 – 5 May 1949) was a poet and playwright in Shōwa period Japan. He also was a scriptwriter.

Born in Tokyo, Nagata was the son of a Shinto priest at the Kikuchi Jinja. Interested in literature and poetry from an early age, he developed his own style of modern poetry and was ranked alongside Kitahara Hakushu and Kinoshita Mokutaro by the literary magazine Myōjō ("Bright Star"). He later turned his creative talents to the modern theater, and then to the relatively new medium of cinema.

He died in 1949, and his grave is at the Somei Cemetery in Sugamo, Tokyo.

Sugamo
Sugamo (巣鴨) is a neighborhood in Toshima, Tokyo, Japan. It is home to Jizō-dōri (地蔵通り), a shopping street popular among the older generation, earning it the nickname "Granny's Harajuku." It lies at the crossing point of the JR Yamanote Line and National Route 17.

Available public transportation to Sugamo are JR Yamanote Line and Toei Mita Line. There is also Koshinzuka station of Toden Arakawa Line in the middle of Jizō-dōri (地蔵通り) shopping street.

Tokugawa Yoshinobu, who is the last shogun of the Tokugawa Shogunate set his residence here in 1897. He has lived for 4 years there and moved away to avoid the noise coming from Yamanote Line.
Qaleh-ye Kashgi
Qaleh-ye Kashgi (Persian: قلعه كشگي, also Romanized as Qal‘eh-ye Kashgī; also known as Qal‘eh-ye Kashkī) is a village in Doab Rural District, Bazoft District, Kuhrang County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 42, in 5 families. The village is populated by Lurs.

Lurs
The Lurs, Lors or Luris (Persian: لر) are an Iranian people living in western and southern Iran. The four Luri branches are the Bakhtiari, Mamasani, Kohgiluyeh and Lur proper, who are principally linked by the Luri language.

Lorestan province is named after the Lurs, but not all Lurs live in Lorestan, nor are all the inhabitants of Lorestan ethnic Lurs. Many Lurs live in other provinces of Iran including Fars, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad, Khuzestan, Hamadan, Isfahan, Tehran southern Ilam province, and Genaveh county in Bushehr province.
Methylnitronitrosoguanidine
Methylnitronitrosoguanidine (MNNG or MNG, NTG when referred to colloquially as nitrosoguanidine) is a biochemical tool used experimentally as a carcinogen and mutagen. It acts by adding alkyl groups to the O6 of guanine and O4 of thymine, which can lead to transition mutations between GC and AT. These changes do not cause a heavy distortion in the double helix of DNA and thus are hard to detect by the DNA mismatch repair system.

In organic chemistry, MNNG is used as a source of diazomethane when reacted with aqueous potassium hydroxide.

MNNG is a probable human carcinogen listed as an IARC Group 2A carcinogen.

Guanine
Guanine (/ˈɡwɑːniːn/ ⓘ) (symbol G or Gua) is one of the four main nucleotide bases found in the nucleic acids DNA and RNA, the others being adenine, cytosine, and thymine (uracil in RNA). In DNA, guanine is paired with cytosine. The guanine nucleoside is called guanosine.

With the formula C5H5N5O, guanine is a derivative of purine, consisting of a fused pyrimidine-imidazole ring system with conjugated double bonds. This unsaturated arrangement means the bicyclic molecule is planar.
Minister of Emergency Management and Community Resilience
The minister of emergency management and community resilience  (French: ministre de la gestion des urgences et de la résilience des communautés) is a minister of the Crown supported by the Department of Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness. The minister exercises powers under the Emergency Management Act and is responsible for emergency management and disaster response. The minister is a member of the King's Privy Council for Canada and the Canadian Cabinet.

Eleanor Olszewski has served as the minister since May 13, 2025. The minister is selected by the prime minister and appointed by the Crown. The role was first created in 2021 as the minister of emergency preparedness; its current title was adopted in 2025.

Minister of the Crown
Minister of the Crown is a formal constitutional term used in Commonwealth realms to describe a minister of the reigning sovereign or viceroy. The term indicates that the minister serves at His Majesty's pleasure, and advises the sovereign or viceroy on how to exercise the Crown prerogatives relating to the minister's department or ministry.
Upton Chapel
Upton Chapel, close by Upton Castle, near Cosheston, Pembrokeshire, Wales, is dedicated to Saint Giles and is a Grade I listed building. Dating from the 12th or 13th century, it consists of a small nave and chancel. Amongst the memorials in the chapel are the effigies of William Malefant (died in 1362) wearing chain mail and another of a female member of the Malefant family. There are several memorials to local families. There is a small piscina and a Jacobean pulpit. The masonry walls are from local rubble stone. The roofs are slated with tile ridges and there is a bellcote at the west end. The interior was restored in 1978 by the owner of the castle.

Cosheston
Cosheston is a village, parish, and community in Pembrokeshire, Wales. It is situated on an inlet of the Daugleddau estuary, 2 miles (3.2 km) north-east of Pembroke. The parish includes the settlement of Bateman's Hill. The northern part of the community is in the Pembrokeshire Coast National Park, where, on the joining boundary, lord and scholar Nick from the West resides. Together with Upton and Nash, it constitutes the community of Cosheston, which had a population of 713 in 2001, increasing to 828 at the 2011 Census.
Party for Accountability, Competency and Transparency
The Party for Accountability, Competency and Transparency (French: Parti pour la Responsabilisation, la Compétence et la Transparence, abbreviated as PACT), formerly the Online Party of Canada (French: Parti Canadien en ligne, abbreviated as OPC), was a Canadian website and federally registered political party founded in October 2010. The party was founded by Michael Nicula of Toronto. The party was deregistered by Elections Canada on July 31, 2016.

E-democracy
E-democracy (a blend of the terms electronic and democracy), also known as digital democracy or Internet democracy, uses information and communication technology (ICT) in political and governance processes. While offering new tools for transparency and participation, e-democracy also faces growing challenges such as misinformation, bias in algorithms, and the concentration of power in private platforms. The term is commonly attributed to digital activist Steven Clift. By using 21st-century ICT, e-democracy seeks to enhance democracy, including aspects like civic technology and E-government.
1993 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship
The 1993 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship was the 96th staging of the Offaly Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Offaly County Board in 1896.

St Rynagh's entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 26 September 1993 at St Brendan's Park in Birr, between St Rynagh's and Birr, in what was their fifth meeting in the final overall. St Rynagh's won the match by 1–16 to 1–14 to claim their 16th championship title overall and a second championship title in succession.

Birr GAA
Birr GAA is a Gaelic Athletic Association club in Birr, County Offaly, Ireland. The club is affiliated to the Offaly Cork Board and is primarily concerned with the game of hurling, but also fields teams in Gaelic football.
Barnabé Guimard
Gilles-Barnabé Guimard (French pronunciation: [ʒil baʁnabe ɡimaʁ]; also Gilles Barnabé Guymard de Larabe or Barnabé Guimard; 1734 – 1805) was a French architect.

He spent his entire career in the Habsburg Netherlands (present-day Belgium) where he led important architectural and urbanistic projects such as the Place Royale/Koningsplein and the Palace of the Council of Brabant, which today houses the Belgian Federal Parliament, both in the City of Brussels.

Laurent-Benoît Dewez
Laurent-Benoît Dewez (14 April 1731 – 1 November 1812) was a architect of Walloon origin. He is considered the most influential architect in the Austrian Netherlands (present-day Belgium) from the second half of the 18th century. His architectural projects are of international stature and introduced a neoclassical style, with Italian and English influences, to the region.  He designed a large number of châteaux, abbeys and churches in Belgium, many of which were damaged after the French Revolution.
Suzanne Lohnes-Croft
Suzanne Lohnes-Croft is a Canadian politician, who was elected to the Nova Scotia House of Assembly in the 2013 provincial election and was re-elected in 2017. A member of the Nova Scotia Liberal Party, she represented the electoral district of Lunenburg until her defeat in the 2021 Nova Scotia general election.

2021 Nova Scotia general election
The 2021 Nova Scotia general election was held on August 17, 2021, to elect members to the 64th General Assembly of Nova Scotia.

In a major upset, Tim Houston led the Progressive Conservatives to power for the first time since 2006, and with a majority government for the first time since 1999. With a popular vote share of 38.44%, the PCs won the smallest winning vote share of any majority government in Nova Scotian electoral history, and won nearly twice the number of seats as the Liberals, despite their overall vote share differing by less than 2%.

Elizabeth Smith-McCrossin’s victory in Cumberland North marked the first occasion since 1988 that an independent candidate won election to the House of Assembly. A record number of four Black Nova Scotians were elected MLAs; prior to this election, only five Black MLAs had ever been elected in Nova Scotia.
Victor Bernal (politician)
Victor Luís Bernal Garay is a Paraguayan senator for the Colorado Party and the former director of the bi-national hydroelectric enterprise Itaipú Binacional. He is an accountant by profession. An official investigation of Bernal's finances began while he was at Itaipú and continued into his years in the Senate. An attempt was made to impeach him, and both he and his wife, María Elizabeth Pleva, spent years engaged in legal battles over charges of embezzlement.

Paraguayans
Paraguayans (Spanish: paraguayos) are the citizens of Paraguay.

Though the majority of Paraguayans reside in Paraguay, significant communities have been established in multiple countries, most noticeably Argentina, Spain, United States, Brazil.
Military of the Empire of Brazil
The military of the Empire of Brazil was first formed by Emperor Dom Pedro I to defend the new nation against the Portuguese in the Brazilian War of Independence. The Army and Armada (as the Navy was called) were commissioned in 1822 with the objective of defeating and expelling the Portuguese troops from Brazilian soil.

From the time of its inception, the military played a decisive role in the history of the Empire of Brazil. A sense of national unity and identity was forged out of the victorious Paraguayan War. The Emperor was commander-in-chief of the military, with the Ministries of War and Navy as the main organs by which military policy was carried out.

Don (honorific)
The terms Don (in Spanish and Italian), Dom (in Portuguese), and Domn (in Romanian), are honorific prefixes derived from the Latin Dominus, meaning "lord" or "owner". The honorific is commonly used in Spain, Portugal, and Italy, as well as in the Spanish-speaking world and Portuguese-speaking world, as well as some other places formerly colonized by Spain or Portugal. The feminine equivalents are Doña (Spanish: [ˈdoɲa]), Donna (Italian: [ˈdɔnna]), Doamnă (Romanian) and Dona (Portuguese: [ˈdonɐ]), meaning "lady".

The term is derived from the Latin dominus: a master of a household, a title with background from the Roman Republic in classical antiquity. With the abbreviated form having emerged as such in the Middle Ages, traditionally it is reserved for Catholic clergy and nobles, in addition to certain educational authorities and persons of high distinction.
Orlee Buium
Orlee Buium is a Canadian film editor. She is most noted for the film All My Puny Sorrows, for which she and Michelle Szemberg won the Canadian Screen Award for Best Editing at the 10th Canadian Screen Awards in 2022.

The duo also won the Directors Guild of Canada's award for Best Editing in a Feature Film in 2021. She previously won the Canadian Cinema Editors Student Merit Award in 2012 for her work on Jeff Garneau's short film Young Love.

Her other credits have included the films Queen of the Morning Calm, The Corruption of Divine Providence, Run Woman Run and The Retreat.

10th Canadian Screen Awards
The 10th Canadian Screen Awards were presented by the Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television from 4–10 April 2022 to honour achievements in Canadian film, television, and digital media production in 2021. The presentations were held as a series of virtual events due to the COVID-19 pandemic, with awards in top categories presented via a CBC Television special on 10 April 2022 hosted by comedy troupe TallBoyz.

Nominations were announced on 15 February. In film, the top nominees were Scarborough and Night Raiders, with 11 nods apiece, while in television the series Sort Of was the leader with 13 nominations. Scarborough and Transplant were tied for most-awarded film and television series, with both receiving 8 awards (including Best Motion Picture and Best Dramatic Series respectively).
Harald Hove
Harald Hove (10 January 1949 – 21 July 2014) was a Norwegian jurist and politician for the Liberal Party.

He served as a deputy representative to the Norwegian Parliament from Hordaland during the terms 1997–2001 and 2001–2005. From 1997 to 2000 he was a regular representative, covering for Lars Sponheim who was appointed to the first cabinet Bondevik.

On the local level Hove was a member of Hordaland county council from 1995 to 2011, except for his tenure as member of parliament. He chaired the regional party chapter from 1994 to 1998.

Outside politics he graduated as cand.jur. from the University of Bergen in 1976. He worked at the university as an associate professor from 1976 to 1988 and lecturer from 1993 to 1997. He also worked as a lawyer.

Hordaland
Hordaland (Urban East Norwegian: [ˈhɔ̂rdɑlɑn] ⓘ) was a county in Norway, bordering Sogn og Fjordane, Buskerud, Telemark, and Rogaland counties. Hordaland was the third largest county, after Akershus and Oslo, by population. The county government was the Hordaland County Municipality, which is located in Bergen. Before 1972, the city of Bergen was its own separate county, apart from Hordaland. On 1 January 2020, the county was merged with neighbouring Sogn og Fjordane county, to form the new Vestland county.