hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Saint Catherine North Central
Saint Catherine North Central is a parliamentary constituency represented in the Parliament of Jamaica. It elects one Member of Parliament by the first past the post system of election. The constituency covers the northern central part of Saint Catherine Parish. It has been represented by Natalie Neita-Headley of the PNP since 2007.

2007 Jamaican general election
General elections were held in Jamaica on 3 September 2007. They had originally been scheduled for 27 August 2007 but were delayed due to Hurricane Dean. The preliminary results indicated a slim victory for the opposition Jamaican Labour Party (JLP) led by Bruce Golding, which grew by two seats from 31–29 to 33-27 after official recounts. The JLP defeated the People's National Party after eighteen years of unbroken governance.
Joseph Stalin's cult of personality
Joseph Stalin's cult of personality became a prominent feature of Soviet popular culture. Historian Archie Brown sets the celebration of Stalin's 50th birthday on 21 December 1929 as the starting point for his cult of personality. For the rest of Stalin's rule, the Soviet propaganda presented Stalin as an all-powerful, all-knowing leader, with Stalin's name and image displayed all over the country.

Culture of the Soviet Union
The culture of the Soviet Union passed through several stages during the country's 69-year existence. It was contributed to by people of various nationalities from every one of fifteen union republics, although the majority of the influence was made by the Russians. The Soviet state supported cultural institutions, but also carried out strict censorship.
Sharon Anderson (nephrologist)
Sharon A. Anderson (born 1949) is an American physician, educator, and researcher practicing in Portland, Oregon.  She has contributed extensively to the study of the progression of chronic kidney disease.  Her research has focused on diabetic nephropathy, polycystic kidney disease and the pathophysiology of the aging kidney.  She was the first woman to serve as President of the American Society of Nephrology (ASN).  She was the Chief of the Department of Medicine at the Veteran's Affairs Medical Center in Portland and is currently the Chair of the Department of Medicine at Oregon Health and Science University (OHSU).  She has been appointed to the National Institutes of Health Council of Councils.  Her publications as author or co-author number greater than 150.

Oregon Health and Science University
Oregon Health and Science University (OHSU) is a public research university focusing primarily on health sciences with a main campus, including two hospitals, in Portland, Oregon.

The institution was founded in 1887 as the University of Oregon Medical Department and later became the University of Oregon Medical School. In 1974, the campus became an independent, self-governed institution called the University of Oregon Health Sciences Center, combining state dentistry, medicine, nursing, and public health programs into a single center. It was renamed Oregon Health Sciences University in 1981 and took its current name in 2001, as part of a merger with the Oregon Graduate Institute (OGI), in Hillsboro. The university has several partnership programs including a joint PharmD Pharmacy program with Oregon State University in Corvallis.

It is designated as a "Special Focus – Research Institution" according to the Carnegie Classification.
Medina sandstone
Medina sandstone is a geographic subset of the Medina Group stratigraphic formation in New York State and beyond.  The name refers specifically to sandstone first quarried in Medina, New York, and later quarried in other locations in Orleans County and adjacent quarries in Monroe County to the east and Niagara County to the west.  Medina sandstone was widely used to pave the streets of early U.S. cities because it was sufficiently hard to stand long and severe service, and in wearing, it maintained a flat, even surface where granite would wear round and acquire a smooth slippery polish.  The Medina stone was also a highly desirable building stone that could be obtained in colors from light gray to pink, red and brown.  It was used in the construction of hundreds of homes, churches, public buildings, monuments and other structures from the 1830s to the mid-1900s.

Medina Group
The Medina Group or Cataract Group is a geologic group in New York. It dates to the Silurian period. The group includes the Whirlpool Sandstone, Power Glen Shale, Devils Hole Sandstone, Grimsby Formation, Thorold Sandstone, Cambria Shale, Cabot Head Shale and Kodak Sandstone.
For Which We Stand
For Which We Stand, is a full-length documentary film. The film highlights LGBTQ and straight artists through numerous interviews with musicians and music-industry insiders, as well as live performances and behind-the-scenes footage.

The participants include Michael Musto, Dolly Parton, Melissa Etheridge, Frenchie Davis, Diana King, Chely Wright, and transgender violinist and vocalist Tona Brown.

The film was directed by Sean Robinson and produced by Paul Warner.

Michael Musto
Michael Musto (born December 3, 1955) is an American journalist who has long been a prevalent presence in entertainment-related publications, as well as on websites and television shows. He is best known as a columnist for The Village Voice, where he wrote the La Dolce Musto column of gossip, nightlife, reviews, interviews, and political observations for almost three decades, starting in 1984. In 2021, he started writing articles about nightlife, movies, theater, NYC, and LGBTQ politics for the revived Village Voice, which returned as a print publication, with accompanying website, and now is web only.

His books are Downtown and Manhattan on the Rocks, as well as a compilation of selected columns published as La Dolce Musto: Writings By The World's Most Outrageous Columnist and a subsequent collection, Fork on the Left, Knife in the Back.
Privateer Yacht Club
The Privateer Yacht Club is a private yacht club located in Hixson, Tennessee, on the shore of Chickamauga Lake (United States).

The club is also the home site of the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga Sailing Team for intercollegiate sailing at the South Atlantic Intercollegiate Sailing Association.

Privateer Yacht Club has a facility that includes twenty eight acres, a clubhouse, one boat ramp and a dinghy hoist, wet slip docks for 80 sailboats, 110 dry slips for “dry sailed” boats and/or trailers, two maintenance hoists, a covered rack for a dozen kayaks, and a 1+1⁄2-mile wooded trail.

Snipe (dinghy)
The Snipe is an American sailing dinghy that was designed by William F. Crosby as a one design racer and first built in 1931.

The boat is a World Sailing recognized international class.

Sailboatdata.com summarizes the design as "one of the most popular sailing dinghies ever. (In its heyday, the largest sailboat racing class). Origins in the US. Built, sailed and raced around the world to this day."
Aleksander Ford
Aleksander Ford (born Mosze Lifszyc; 24 November 1908 in Kiev, Russian Empire – 4 April 1980 in Naples, Florida, U.S.) was a Polish film director and head of the Polish People's Army Film Crew in the Soviet Union during World War II. Following the war, he was appointed director of the Film Polski company.

In 1948 he was appointed a professor of the National Film School in Łódź (Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Filmowa). Roman Polanski and Polish film director Andrzej Wajda were among his students. Amid an anti-Semitic purge in the communist party in Poland, Ford was stopped from preparing a film on the life of a Jewish educator. Shortly afterwards he emigrated to Israel in 1968 and from there to the United States, going through Germany and Denmark. He took his own life in 1980 in Naples, Florida.

Łódź Film School
The Polish National Film, Television and Theatre School in Łódź (Polish: Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Filmowa, Telewizyjna i Teatralna im. Leona Schillera w Łodzi), commonly known as the Łódź Film School (Polish: Szkoła Filmowa w Łodzi), is a Polish film school for future directors, actors, cinematographers, producers, animators, photographers, editors and scriptwriters of both cinema and television. It was founded on 8 March 1948 in Łódź (Lodz).
2013 Coke Zero 400
The 2013 Coke Zero 400 powered by Coca-Cola was a NASCAR Sprint Cup Series stock car race held on July 6, 2013, at Daytona International Speedway in Daytona Beach, Florida. Contested over 161 laps, it was the eighteenth race of the 2013 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series season. Jimmie Johnson of Hendrick Motorsports won the race, his fourth win of the season and his first Coke Zero 400 win, rendering him the first driver since Bobby Allison in 1982 to sweep the Daytona 500 and Coke Zero 400 in the same year. Tony Stewart finished second while Kevin Harvick, Clint Bowyer, and Michael Waltrip rounded out the top five.

Marcos Ambrose
Marcos Ross Ambrose (born 1 September 1976) is an Australian former racing driver and current Garry Rogers Motorsport competition director. He won the Australian V8 Supercar series' championship in 2003 and 2004.

In 2006, Ambrose relocated to the United States to pursue racing in NASCAR, starting with the Craftsman Truck Series. He moved up to the Nationwide Series in 2007, and later the Sprint Cup Series in 2008. He is known in NASCAR for having won a total of 6 races at Watkins Glen International. In the Sprint Cup Series, he won at the Glen in 2011 and 2012, and in the Nationwide Series, he won at the Glen in 2008, 2009, 2010, and 2014. He is the first Australian driver to win in the highest level of NASCAR.
Bob Long
Robert Andrew Long (June 16, 1941 – March 16, 2025) was an American professional football player who was a wide receiver in the National Football League (NFL) in the 1960s and 1970s. He won two Super Bowls with the Green Bay Packers. Long attended suburban Pittsburgh's Washington Township High School (near Apollo), and played college football for the Wichita State Shockers.

Long's seven-year pro-career was spent with the Packers, Atlanta Falcons, Washington Redskins and Los Angeles Rams. He was a contributing player of both of Vince Lombardi's NFL teams, the Packers which won Super Bowl I and Super Bowl II and later the Redskins for Lombardi's one year in Washington. Long was inducted into the State of Kansas Hall of Fame in 1965 and the Wichita State Hall of Fame in 1981. In 2008 he was added to the Western Chapter of Pennsylvania Sports Hall of Fame.

Apollo, Pennsylvania
Apollo is a borough in Armstrong County, Pennsylvania, United States, 35 miles (56 km) northeast of Pittsburgh in a former coal-mining region. Apollo was settled in 1790, laid out in 1816, and incorporated as a borough in 1848. The population was 1,615 at the 2020 United States census
2021 General Tire 150 (Charlotte)
The 2021 General Tire 150 was the sixth stock car race of the 2021 ARCA Menards Series season and the 12th iteration of the event. The race was held on Saturday, May 29, 2021 in Concord, North Carolina at Charlotte Motor Speedway, a 1.5 miles (2.4 km) permanent quad-oval. The race took the scheduled 100 laps to complete. At race's end, Ty Gibbs of Joe Gibbs Racing would dominate, leading every lap to win his 12th career ARCA Menards Series win, his fourth of the season, and his third straight win.

2021 ARCA Menards Series
The 2021 ARCA Menards Series season was the 69th season of the ARCA Menards Series, a stock car racing series sanctioned by NASCAR in the United States. The season began at Daytona International Speedway with the Lucas Oil 200 on February 13 and ended with the Reese's 150 at Kansas Speedway on October 23. Ty Gibbs was crowned the series champion, having won ten times and finished in the top four in 19 of 20 races.

This ARCA season also featured a historic first, as Fox pit reporter Jamie Little became the first woman to serve as a TV play-by-play announcer in motorsports history.
Lubiska
Lubiska [luˈbiska] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Jeżów, within Brzeziny County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) south of Jeżów, 15 km (9 mi) east of Brzeziny, and 34 km (21 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.

Brzeziny County
Brzeziny County (Polish: powiat brzeziński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It was created in 2002 out of the north-eastern part of Łódź East County. Its administrative seat and only town is Brzeziny, which lies 20 kilometres (12 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.

The county covers an area of 358.51 square kilometres (138.4 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 30,600, out of which the population of Brzeziny is 12,373 and the rural population is 18,227.
Pancreatitis (book)
Pancreatitis is a medical book by T.T. White, published in 1966 by Edward Arnold. The book is based on White's had studies of pancreatitis in the United States and France, including alongside French physician and researcher Pierre Mallet-Guy. The book discusses the possible causes and treatments for the disease, especially surgical interventions such as pancreaticojejunostomy.

Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine praised the book for its treatment of surgical techniques, the organization, and the illustrations. A reviewer in the Archives of Internal Medicine praised the sections on the aetiology of pancreatitis, the selection of literature, but felt that some of the techniques he discussed and advocated for, as well as some of the generalizations about the prevalence of pancreatisis, were influenced by his time in France and may not be suited to American physicians. Further, he criticized White's lack of attention towards isotope scanning as a diagnostic tool.

Isotopes in medicine
A medical isotope is an isotope used in medicine. The first uses of isotopes in medicine were in radiopharmaceuticals, and this is still the most common use. However more recently, separated stable isotopes have come into use.
Sarcosine reductase
In enzymology, a sarcosine reductase (EC 1.21.4.3) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

acetyl phosphate + methylamine + thioredoxin disulfide  N-methylglycine + phosphate + thioredoxin

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are acetyl phosphate, methylamine, and thioredoxin disulfide, whereas its 3 products are N-methylglycine, phosphate, and thioredoxin.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxydoreductases, specifically those acting on X-H and Y-H to form an X-Y bond with a disulfide as acceptor.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is acetyl-phosphate methilamine:thioredoxin disulfide oxydoreductase (M-methylglycine-forming).

Sarcosine
Sarcosine, also known as N-methylglycine, or monomethylglycine, is an amino acid with the formula CH3N(H)CH2CO2H.  It exists at neutral pH as the zwitterion CH3N+(H)2CH2CO2−, which can be obtained as a white, water-soluble powder.  Like some amino acids, sarcosine converts to a cation at low pH and an anion at high pH, with the respective formulas CH3N+(H)2CH2CO2H and CH3N(H)CH2CO2−.  Sarcosine is a close relative of glycine, with a secondary amine in place of the primary amine.

Sarcosine is ubiquitous in biological materials.  It is used in manufacturing biodegradable surfactants and toothpastes as well as in other applications. It is also a reagent in organic synthesis.

Sarcosine is sweet to the taste.
Tree nymph
Tree nymph is another term for a Dryad in Ancient Greek mythology.

It can also refer to either of two or three genera of the brush-footed butterfly family (Nymphalidae). They occur in different parts of the world and are not particularly closely related:

Idea (genus), the Asian tree nymphs or paper butterflies, from the milkweed butterfly subfamily (Danainae)
Idea lynceus, a butterfly of that genus called the tree-nymph

Ideopsis, the Southeast Asian tree- and wood nymphs, also known as glassy tigers, from a different lineage of Danainae

Sevenia, the African tree nymphs, from the tropical brushfoot subfamily (Biblidinae)

Idea lynceus
Idea lynceus, the tree-nymph (Malaysian giant tree-nymph), is a species of nymphalid butterfly in the Danainae subfamily. It is found in South East Asia.

The wingspan is about 135–165 mm.

The larvae feed on Aganosma corymbosa.
Maixent Poitevin
Maixent Poitevin (a.k.a. Maixent de La Bidollière), was a 16th Century French squire and jurist.

Barrister and alderman (avocat and echevin) of Poitiers in Poitou, France since September 9, 1559, he eventually became mayor of the town in 1564. He served two one-year terms.

But he had gone down in history for his role as the town's captain when it was besieged in 1569 during the French Wars of Religion - his idea of overflowing the Clain allowed Catholics to keep the city under control.

La Bidollière, died after 1595, was brother of the poet Jean Poitevin.

Clain
The Clain (French pronunciation: [klɛ̃]; Occitan: Clen) is a 144 km (89 mi) long river in western France, a left tributary of the river Vienne. Its source is near Hiesse, Charente.

The Clain flows generally north, through the following departments and towns:

Charente

Vienne: Pressac, Vivonne, Poitiers.

It joins the Vienne near Châtellerault, Cenon-sur-Vienne.

Among its tributaries are the Boivre, the Clouère and the Vonne.
Bernhard Lund (sailor)
Bernhard Georg Lund (20 February 1889 – 9 January 1968) was a Norwegian yacht racer. He was born in Darmstadt, Germany. and represented the Royal Norwegian Yacht Club. He  competed at the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam, where he placed fourth in the 8-meter class. He died in Oslo in 1968.

Yacht racing
Yacht racing is a sailing sport involving sailing yachts and larger sailboats, as distinguished from dinghy racing, which involves open boats. It is composed of multiple yachts, in direct competition, racing around a course marked by buoys or other fixed navigational devices or racing longer distances across open water from point-to-point. It can involve a series of races with buoy racing or multiple legs when point-to-point racing.
Sha Tin Sewage Treatment Works
Sha Tin Sewage Treatment Works (Chinese: 沙田污水處理廠) is a sewage treatment facility in Hong Kong. It is located in Ma Liu Shui, Sha Tin, along the Shing Mun River, at its mouth into Sha Tin Hoi (Tide Cove).

The treatment works serves Sha Tin, Ma On Shan and the villages nearby. The plant is managed by the Drainage Services Department.

It was then extended in several stages. Stage I was first commissioned in 1982 with stage II following in 1986. Stage III was completed in September 2004.

Construction work to move the sewage treatment facility to an artificial cave within Nui Po Shan, a nearby mountain, started in 2021.

Sha Tin
Sha Tin, also spelt Shatin, is a neighbourhood along Shing Mun River in the eastern New Territories, Hong Kong. Administratively, it is part of the Sha Tin District. Sha Tin is one of the neighbourhoods of the Sha Tin New Town project.

The new town was founded in 1973 under the New Towns Development Programme of the Hong Kong government. Its current name was named after the nearby village of Sha Tin Wai.  The literal English translation is 'Sand Fields'.
America Must Be Destroyed
America Must Be Destroyed is American heavy metal band Gwar’s third album, released in 1992 as their second album on Metal Blade Records. The album’s lyrical content was inspired by controversy over obscenity charges against the band and an incident in Charlotte, North Carolina, in which frontman Dave Brockie’s prosthetic penile attachment, "The Cuttlefish of Cthulhu", was confiscated by police officers.

Loudwire listed it as one of the greatest releases on Metal Blade Records.

Jizmak Da Gusha
Jizmak Da Gusha is the drummer for the heavy metal band Gwar. Although the costume has undergone many changes since the character was introduced, Jizmak's onstage get-up somewhat resembles a monstrous dog with very large teeth. He is usually seen wielding a large warhammer, most likely a reference to his role as drummer in the band.
Apollo Sweet
Apollo Sweet (born 28 February 1957) is a Samoan/Australian professional boxer of the 1980s and '90s who won the Oriental and Pacific Boxing Federation (OPBF) cruiserweight title, Australian cruiserweight title, Australasian cruiserweight title, and Commonwealth cruiserweight title. He drew with John Bogolin for the South Pacific cruiserweight title, and was a challenger for the New South Wales State cruiserweight title against Jeff Harding. His professional fighting weight varied from 165+3⁄4 lb (75.2 kg; 11 st 11.8 lb), i.e. super middleweight to 208+1⁄4 lb (94.5 kg; 14 st 12.3 lb), i.e. heavyweight.

Samoans
Samoans or Samoan people (Samoan: tagata Sāmoa) are the Indigenous Polynesian people of the Samoan Islands, an archipelago in Polynesia, who speak the Samoan language. The group's home islands are politically and geographically divided between the Independent State of Samoa and American Samoa, an unincorporated territory of the United States of America. Though divided by national border, the culture and language are the same.

The Samoan people and culture form a vital link and stepping stone in the formation and spread of Polynesian culture, language and religion throughout Eastern Polynesia.

Polynesian trade, religion, war, and colonialism are important markers within Polynesian culture that are almost certainly rooted in the Samoan culture. Samoa's ancient history with the kingdom of Tonga, chiefdoms of Fiji and French Polynesia form the basis of modern Polynesian culture.
Matt Smith (broadcaster)
Matt Smith (born 26 April 1967) is a British broadcaster who worked with ITV Sport between 2001 and 2015. He currently presents TNT Sports'  coverage of Premier League, FA Cup, Champions League, Europa League, Conference Football and England Under 21 matches.

ITV4
ITV4 is a British free-to-air television channel which first aired on 1 November 2005. It is owned by ITV plc.

The channel focuses primarily on general entertainment programming targeting a male audience, including action series and films, gameshows, reality television, and sports. It is the main linear television outlet for ITV Sport, carrying much of its football, cycling, darts, motorsport, horse racing, rugby, and snooker coverage (with ITV1 used primarily for marquee events).
Lake Macquarie (New South Wales)
Lake Macquarie (Awabakal: Awaba) is Australia's largest coastal lake. Located in the City of Lake Macquarie and Central Coast Council local government areas in the Hunter and Central Coast regions of New South Wales, Australia, it covers an area of 110 square kilometres (42.5 sq mi) and is connected to the Tasman Sea by a short channel. Most of the residents of the City of Lake Macquarie live near the shores of the lake.

Lake Macquarie is twice as large as Sydney Harbour and is the largest coastal salt water lake in the Southern Hemisphere. It is slightly smaller than Port Stephens, which is about 43 kilometres (27 mi) to the northeast of the lagoon.

Port Stephens (New South Wales)
Port Stephens, an open youthful tide-dominated drowned-valley estuary, is a large natural harbour of about 134 square kilometres (52 sq mi) in the Hunter and Mid North Coast regions of New South Wales, Australia.

Port Stephens lies within the Port Stephens–Great Lakes Marine Park and is situated about 160 kilometres (99 mi) north-east of Sydney. The harbour lies wholly within the local government area of Port Stephens; although its northern shoreline forms the boundary between the Port Stephens and MidCoast local government areas.

According to the 2006 census, more than 26,000 people lived within 3 km (1.9 mi) of its 113 km (70 mi) long shoreline and more than 32,000 lived within 10 km (6 mi).