hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
System X (supercomputer)
System X (pronounced "System Ten") was a supercomputer assembled by Virginia Tech's Advanced Research Computing facility in the summer of 2003. Costing US$5.2 million, it was originally composed of 1,100 Apple Power Mac G5 computers with dual 2.0 GHz processors. System X was decommissioned on May 21, 2012. The supercomputer is also known as Big Mac or Terascale Cluster.

System X ran at 12.25 Teraflops, (20.24 peak), and was ranked #3 on November 16, 2003  and #280 in the July 2008 edition of the TOP500 list of the world's most powerful supercomputers. The system used error-correcting (ECC) RAM, which is important for accuracy due to the rate of bits flipped by cosmic rays or other interference sources in its vast number of RAM chips.

ECC memory
Error correction code memory (ECC memory) is a type of computer data storage that uses an error correction code (ECC) to detect and correct n-bit data corruption which occurs in memory.

Typically, ECC memory maintains a memory system immune to single-bit errors: the data that is read from each word is always the same as the data that had been written to it, even if one of the bits actually stored has been flipped to the wrong state. Most non-ECC memory cannot detect errors, although some non-ECC memory with parity support allows detection but not correction.

ECC memory is used in most computers where data corruption cannot be tolerated, like industrial control applications, critical databases, and infrastructural memory caches.
Smolensk Ring
The Smolensk Ring is a circuit in western Russia near the town of Safonovo in the settlement of Verkhnedneprovsky. It is located 90-kilometre (56 mi) east of its namesake city of Smolensk and about 250-kilometre (160 mi) west of Moscow. The construction of the 3.362 km (2.089 mi) circuit started in 2007, and the inaugural international event was a round of the FIA European Truck Racing Championship in August 2010.

The Smolensk Ring was initially supposed to host rounds of the FIA GT3 European Championship in 2011, however this was later postponed to 2012 because the track didn't complete in time modifications required to garner the necessary FIA track license.

Safonovo, Safonovsky District, Smolensk Oblast
Safonovo (Russian: Сафо́ново) is a town and the administrative center of Safonovsky District in Smolensk Oblast, Russia, located on the Vopets River 102 kilometers (63 mi) northeast of Smolensk, the administrative center of the oblast. Population:  46,116 (2010 Census); 48,209 (2002 Census); 56,571 (1989 Soviet census).
USS Prince William
Two escort carriers of the United States Navy have been named USS Prince William, after Prince William Sound in Alaska.

USS Prince William (CVE-19) was transferred to the Royal Navy in 1943 and served as HMS Striker (D12) until 1946.

USS Prince William (CVE-31) was engaged in transport and training duties from commissioning in 1943 to decommissioning in 1946.

Prince William Sound
Prince William Sound (Sugpiaq: Suungaaciq) is a sound off the Gulf of Alaska on the south coast of the U.S. state of Alaska. It is located on the east side of the Kenai Peninsula. Its largest port is Valdez, at the southern terminus of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System. Other settlements on the sound, which contains numerous small islands, include Cordova and Whittier plus the Alaska native villages of Chenega and Tatitlek.
Shekaftar
Shekaftar (Kyrgyz: Шекафтар) is a village in the south of Jalal-Abad Region, Kyrgyzstan. It is part of Chatkal District. Its population was 2,217 in 2021. It lies about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) from the border with Uzbekistan. A uranium mine was located in Shekaftar between 1946 and 1968; the mine was operated by the Sumsar company from 1958 until its deactivation. In 1997, it was reported that a total of eight radioactive waste dumps had been made near Shekaftar.

Jalal-Abad Region
Jalal-Abad (/dʒəˈlɑːl əˈbɑːd/; Kyrgyz: [dʒɑˌɫɑɫɑˈbɑt]) is a region (oblus) of Kyrgyzstan. Its capital is Manas. It is surrounded by (clockwise from the north) Talas Region, Chüy Region, Naryn Region, Osh Region, and Uzbekistan. Jalal-Abad Region was established on 21 November 1939. On 27 January 1959 it became a part of Osh Region, but regained its old status as a region on 14 December 1990. Its total area is 32,418 km2 (12,517 sq mi). The resident population of the region was 1,260,617 as of January 2021. The region has a sizeable Uzbek (24.8% in 2009) minority.
Bahai (Jurchen)
Bahai was a chieftain of the Wanyan tribe, the most dominant among the Jurchen tribes which later founded the Jin dynasty (1115–1234). He was the eldest son of Wulu.

Bahai was given the posthumous name Emperor An (安皇帝) by his descendant, Emperor Xizong.

Wanyan
The Wanyan (traditional Chinese: 完顏; simplified Chinese: 完颜; pinyin: Wányán; Manchu: ᠸᠠᠩᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ Wanggiyan; Jurchen script: ), alternatively rendered as Wanggiya, was a clan of the Heishui Mohe tribe living in the drainage region of the Heilong River during the time of the Khitan-led Liao dynasty. Of the Heishui Mohe, the clan was counted by the Liao dynasty among the "uncivilized Jurchens" (生女真), indicating that the clan was not subject to the direct rule of the Liao emperors. Those Heishui Mohe clans ruled by the Liao dynasty were referred to as "civilized Jurchens" (熟女真). The Wanyan clan later founded the Jin dynasty.
Colinton, Alberta
Colinton is a hamlet in northern Alberta, Canada within Athabasca County. It is located 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) east of Highway 2 on Highway 663, approximately 121 kilometres (75 mi) north of Edmonton.

The Hamlet of Colinton consists of two designated places defined by Statistics Canada – Colinton and McNabb's – as well additional lands south of McNabb's that is not currently located within either designated place.

James Maurice Milne, owner of the land on which the railway station was built, named the hamlet after Colinton, Scotland, his birthplace.  Previously Colinton was known as Kinnoull.

Northern Alberta
Northern Alberta is a geographic region located in the Canadian province of Alberta.

An informally defined cultural region, the boundaries of Northern Alberta are not fixed. Under some schemes, the region encompasses everything north of the centre of the Calgary–Edmonton Corridor, including most of the province's landmass as well as its capital, Edmonton. Other schemes place Edmonton and its surrounding farmland in Central Alberta, limiting Northern Alberta to the northern half of the province, where forestry, oil, and gas are the dominant industries.

Its primary industry is oil and gas, with large heavy oil reserves being exploited at the Athabasca oil sands and Wabasca area in the east of the region. Natural gas is extracted in Peace region and Chinchaga-Rainbow areas in the west, and forestry and logging are also developed in the boreal forests of this region. As of 2023, the region had a population of approximately 374,572.
2024 in NASCAR
In 2024 NASCAR sanctioned three national series, three ARCA series, and four international series, two local series, and three esports series:

2024 NASCAR Cup Series – the top racing series in NASCAR

2024 NASCAR Xfinity Series – the second-highest racing series in NASCAR

2024 NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series – the third-highest racing series in NASCAR

2024 ARCA Menards Series

2024 ARCA Menards Series East

2024 ARCA Menards Series West

2024 NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour

NASCAR Advance Auto Parts Weekly Series

2024 NASCAR Pinty's Series

2024 NASCAR Whelen Euro Series

2024 NASCAR Mexico Series

2024 NASCAR Brasil Sprint Race

eNASCAR Coca-Cola iRacing Series

eNASCAR College iRacing Series

D-BOX eNASCAR International iRacing Series

ENASCAR College iRacing Series
The eNASCAR College iRacing Series is a collegiate esports league that is sanctioned by ENASCAR. The league began in 2022 and is one of the first, officially sanctioned, collegiate esports racing series. The series is run through the iRacing simulation platform.
Trough Creek State Park
Trough Creek State Park is a  554 acres (224 ha) Pennsylvania state park in Cass, Penn and Todd Townships, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania in the United States.  The majority of the park is in Todd Township along Pennsylvania Route 994, east of the unincorporated village of Entriken. Huntingdon is the nearest borough. The park borders Rothrock State Forest and Raystown Lake National Recreation Area. There is a growing population of bald eagles at the lake. Fourteen eagles were spotted in January 2007. This is up from two that were spotted in 1990, the first year that an eagle survey was taken. These three sections of state and federal owned property combine to provide hunting, hiking and fishing opportunities for the outdoorsman.

Trough Creek State Park was chosen by the Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources (DCNR) and its Bureau of Parks as one of "25 Must-See Pennsylvania State Parks".

Penn Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania
Penn Township is a township in Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 1,078 at the 2020 census. The township includes the village of Hesston and the Seven Points Marina of Raystown Lake.
Electoral district of Lyell
The Electoral district of Lyell was a single-member electoral district of the Tasmanian House of Assembly. It included the towns of Queenstown and Strahan in the West Coast region of Tasmania.

The seat was created in a redistribution in 1899, and was abolished when the Tasmanian parliament adopted the Hare-Clark electoral model in 1909. It was first filled at a by-election on 10 April 1899, notable for being the first occasion on which the Labor Party contested a Tasmanian seat. Its candidate, R. Matthews, gained 40% of the votes

In 1903, Labor's James Long won the seat. At the 1909 election he successfully transferred to the multi-member seat of Darwin (now known as Braddon), but resigned the following year to successfully contest an Australian Senate seat.

Queenstown, Tasmania
Queenstown is a historic mining town in the West Coast region of the island of Tasmania, Australia. It is in a valley on the western slopes of Mount Owen on the West Coast Range.

At the 2021 census, Queenstown had a population of 1,808 people.
Wilhelm von Kügelgen
Wilhelm Georg Alexander von Kügelgen (20 November 1802, in St.Petersburg – 25 May 1867, in Ballenstedt) was a German portrait and history painter, writer, and chamberlain at the court of Anhalt-Bernburg. He is best known for his posthumously published memoirs, which have gone through many editions from 17 different publishers.

Anhalt-Bernburg
Anhalt-Bernburg was a principality  of the Holy Roman Empire and a duchy of the German Confederation ruled by the House of Ascania with its residence at Bernburg in present-day Saxony-Anhalt. It emerged as a subdivision from the Principality of Anhalt from 1252 until 1468, when it fell to the Ascanian principality of Anhalt-Dessau. Recreated in 1603, Anhalt-Bernburg finally merged into the re-unified Duchy of Anhalt upon the extinction of the line in 1863.
Ulmus minor 'Picturata'
The Field Elm cultivar Ulmus minor 'Picturata' (:decorated with colour) was listed in the 1880 catalogue of Simon-Louis (Metz, France), as Ulmus picturata Cripps, suggesting an English origin in the nursery of Thomas Cripps of Tunbridge Wells, Kent, who marketed elm cultivars in the 1860s. Clibrans' nursery of Altrincham, Cheshire, marketed it in the early 20th century as Ulmus campestris picturata variegata, their Ulmus campestris being English Elm. Elwes and Henry (1913) placed it under English Elm cultivars.

Henry John Elwes
Henry John Elwes, FRS (16 May 1846 – 26 November 1922) was a British botanist, entomologist, author, lepidopterist, collector and traveller who became renowned for collecting specimens of lilies during trips to the Himalaya and Korea. He was one of the first group of 60 people to receive the Victoria Medal of the Royal Horticultural Society in 1897. Author of Monograph of the Genus Lilium (1880), and The Trees of Great Britain & Ireland (1906–1913) with Augustine Henry, as well as numerous articles, he left a collection of 30,000 butterfly specimens to the Natural History Museum, including 11,370 specimens of Palaearctic butterflies.
Visa requirements for Saint Lucian citizens
Entry requirements for citizens of Saint Lucia vary globally, with many countries permitting visa-free entry while others impose restrictions. As of 5 April 2025, Saint Lucian citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 146 countries and territories, ranking the Saint Lucian passport 30th in travel freedom, tied with Ukrainian passport according to the Henley Passport Index.

Henley Passport Index
The Henley Passport Index is an annual global ranking of countries according to the travel freedom allowed by those countries' ordinary passports for their citizens. It was launched in 2005 as Henley & Partners Visa Restrictions Index and was updated to Henley Passport Index in January 2018. The index is updated on a quarterly basis to reflect changes in global visa policies.

The index annually ranks 199 passports of the world by the number of countries that their holders can travel to without requiring a visa. The number of countries that a specific passport can access becomes its visa-free "score". The data is obtained from the International Air Transport Association (IATA)'s Timatic documentation requirements database.
Anka Mrak-Taritaš
Anka Mrak-Taritaš (born 24 November 1959) is a Croatian politician and architect who has been member of the Croatian Parliament for the II electoral district since the 2016 parliamentary election, and a member of the Zagreb Assembly since 2017. Between 2012 and 2016, she was Minister of Construction and Spatial Planning in the center-left cabinet of Zoran Milanović. Mrak-Taritaš was the president of the Civic Liberal Alliance party from 9 July 2017 to 21 November 2024.

Croatian Parliament electoral districts
The Croatian Parliament electoral districts (Croatian: izborne jedinice) are the special territorial subdivision of Croatia used for the country's parliamentary elections.

Croatia has twelve electoral districts. Ten of these are geographical districts within Croatia, each providing fourteen members of Croatian Parliament. District XI is for Croatian citizens living abroad, with three members of parliament (until 2011, it elected a maximum twelve members of parliament, depending on turnout). District XII is for national minorities, providing eight members of parliament.

The first ten districts are roughly based on geography, but shaped according to the number of voters so that each district holds roughly the same number of registered voters, around 400,000. These districts therefore do not correspond to the borders of top administrative divisions within Croatia and each district contains one or more or parts of several Croatian counties.
Chemistry: A European Journal
Chemistry: A European Journal is a weekly peer-reviewed scientific journal that covers all areas of chemistry and related fields. It is published by Wiley-VCH on behalf of Chemistry Europe. The editor-in-chief is Haymo Ross.

According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2024 impact factor of 3.7.

Wiley-VCH
Wiley-VCH is a German publisher owned by John Wiley & Sons. It was founded in 1921 as Verlag Chemie (meaning "Chemistry Press": VCH stands for Verlag Chemie) by two German learned societies. Later, it was merged into the German Chemical Society (GDCh). In 1991, VCH acquired Akademie Verlag. It has been owned by John Wiley & Sons since 1996. The humanities section of Akademie Verlag and the Akademie brand were sold in 1997 to R. Oldenbourg Verlag, while VCH retained the natural sciences catalog.
Eugeniusz Olszyna
Eugeniusz Olszyna (10 February 1954 – 5 March 2023) was a Polish footballer who played as a striker.

Born in Poznań, Olszyna spent the majority of his career at clubs in his hometown city. He started at Warta before promptly moving to Lech in 1971 aged 17.

He made his Lech debut soon after his 20th birthday. He was mostly a backup player, often coming off the bench, assisting the star players and acting as a playmaker for them.

His career high came between 1974 and 1976, noting 39 appearances and 3 goals in the Ekstraklasa, another 2 goals in 3 appearances in the Polish Cup. Despite being a supporting player to the two main strikers Włodzimierz Wojciechowski and Ryszard Szpakowski, he remained a popular player.

He moved to Mieszko Gniezno in 1976 where he ended his career in 1980.

He died on 5 March 2023 in Gniezno aged 69 and was buried at St Paul and Peter's cemetery in Gniezno.

Gniezno
Gniezno is a city in central-western Poland, about 50 kilometres (31 miles) east of Poznań. Its population in 2021 was 66,769, making it the sixth-largest city in the Greater Poland Voivodeship. The city is the administrative seat of Gniezno County (powiat).

One of the Piast dynasty's chief cities, it was the first historical capital of Poland in the 10th century and early 11th century, and afterwards remained one of the main cities of the historic region of Greater Poland. Gniezno is the seat of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Gniezno, the country's oldest archdiocese, founded in 1000, and its archbishop is the primate of Poland, making the city the country's ecclesiastical capital. The Gniezno Cathedral is one of the most historically important churches in Poland, and as such is a designated Historic Monument of Poland. Other sights include the Old Town and the Museum of the Origins of the Polish State.
Sphaenorhynchus
Sphaenorhynchus  is a genus of frogs in the family Hylidae. They are also known as lime treefrogs or hatchet-faced treefrogs. They are found in the Amazon and Orinoco River basins of South America, the Guianas, Trinidad, and southern and eastern Brazil. The majority of the species are associated with the Atlantic Forest domain in Brazil.

Orinoco
The Orinoco (Spanish pronunciation: [oɾiˈnoko]) is one of the longest rivers in South America at 2,140 km (1,330 mi). Its drainage basin, sometimes known as the Orinoquia, covers approximately 1,000,000 km2 (390,000 sq mi), with 65% of it in Venezuela and 35% in Colombia. It is the fourth largest river in the world by discharge volume of water (39,000 m3/s (1,400,000 cu ft/s) at delta) due to the high precipitation throughout its catchment area (2,300 millimetres per are [0.084 in/sq ft]). The Orinoco River and its tributaries are the major transportation system for eastern and interior Venezuela and the Llanos of Colombia. The environment and wildlife in the Orinoco's basin are extremely diverse.
Chocolate marquise
Chocolate marquise (French: marquise au chocolat) is a rich chocolate French dessert made with dark chocolate, butter, sugar, cocoa powder, eggs and cream. It may have a connection to the Marquise de Sévigné (1626–1696).

Cocoa solids
Dry cocoa solids are the components of cocoa beans remaining after cocoa butter, the fatty component of the bean, is extracted from chocolate liquor, roasted cocoa beans that have been ground into a liquid state. Cocoa butter is 46% to 57% of the weight of cocoa beans and gives chocolate its characteristic melting properties. Cocoa powder is the powdered form of the dry solids with a small remaining amount of cocoa butter. Untreated cocoa powder is bitter and acidic. Dutch process cocoa has been treated with an alkali to neutralize the acid.

Cocoa powder contains flavanols, amounts of which are reduced if the cocoa is subjected to acid-reducing alkalization.

Other definitions of cocoa solids, especially legal ones, include all cocoa ingredients (cocoa mass, cocoa powder and cocoa butter). In this case, cocoa solids without cocoa butter are specified as non-fat cocoa solids.
Hamilton West railway station
Hamilton West railway station serves the Hamilton West area of Hamilton, South Lanarkshire, in Scotland, lying on the Argyle Line.

It is situated near the headquarters of South Lanarkshire Council; the Hamilton campus of the University of the West of Scotland; Hamilton Sheriff Court; and the Hamilton Racecourse. It is situated next to New Douglas Park, home to Hamilton Academical Football Club.

The station is operated by ScotRail who also provide all passenger services.

ScotRail
ScotRail Trains Limited, trading as ScotRail (Scottish Gaelic: Rèile na h-Alba), is a Scottish train operating company that is publicly owned by Scottish Rail Holdings on behalf of the Scottish Government. It has been operating the ScotRail franchise as an operator of last resort since 1 April 2022.
Kaveinga poggii
Kaveinga poggii is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Rhysodinae. It was described by R.T. Bell and J.R. Bell in 1985. It is known from Goodenough Island (D'Entrecasteaux Islands, Papua New Guinea). It is named for Roberto Poggi from the Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova.

Kaveinga poggii holotype, a male, measures 4.8 mm (0.19 in) in length.

D'Entrecasteaux Islands
D'Entrecasteaux Islands /ˌdɒntrəˈkæstoʊ/ (French: [dɑ̃tʁəkasto]) are situated near the eastern tip of New Guinea in the Solomon Sea in Milne Bay Province of Papua New Guinea. The group spans a distance of 160 km (99 mi), has a total land area of approximately 3,100 km2 (1,197 sq mi) and is separated from the Papua New Guinea mainland by the 30 km (19 mi) wide Ward Hunt Strait in the north and the 18 km (11 mi) wide Goschen Strait in the south. D'Entrecasteaux Islands show signs of volcanism.
New Suffolk School
New Suffolk School is a historic school building located at New Suffolk in Suffolk County, New York. It was built in 1907 and is a one-story, hip-roofed structure on a raised brick basement, with an engaged two-story central tower. Originally a two-room schoolhouse, it was expanded to three rooms in 1923. It features compound massing, complex roof form and eyebrow windows of the Queen Anne and Shingle styles and the Tuscan porch columns and oval windows common to the Colonial Revival style.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.

New Suffolk, New York
New Suffolk is a census-designated place (CDP) that roughly corresponds to the hamlet by the same name in the Town of Southold in Suffolk County, New York, United States. The CDP's population was 403 as of the 2020 census.
Brattleboro Museum and Art Center
The Brattleboro Museum and Art Center (BMAC), a non-collecting museum, was founded in 1972 and is located in the former Central Vermont & Boston & Maine Union Station building in downtown Brattleboro, Vermont.

New exhibits by regional and international artists are shown each season. The aim of BMAC is to present art and ideas in ways that inspire, educate, and engage people of all ages. Some of BMAC's notable exhibiting artists have included Jennifer Bartlett, Chuck Close, Janet Fish, Emily Mason, Wolf Kahn, Chris Van Allsburg and Andy Warhol.  The BMAC's space also serves as community center.

Chris Van Allsburg
Chris Van Allsburg (born June 18, 1949) is an American writer and illustrator of children's books. He has won two Caldecott Medals for U.S. picture book illustration, for Jumanji (1981) and The Polar Express (1985), both of which he also wrote, and were later adapted as successful motion pictures. He was also a Caldecott runner-up in 1980 for The Garden of Abdul Gasazi. For his contribution as a children's illustrator, he was a 1986 U.S. nominee for the biennial International Hans Christian Andersen Award, the highest international recognition for creators of children's books. He received the honorary degree of Doctor of Humane Letters from the University of Michigan in April 2012.