hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
George Phakrases
George Phakrases (Greek: Γεώργιος Φακρασῆς, fl. 1342–55) was a Byzantine nobleman and general, notable as a supporter of John VI Kantakouzenos in the Byzantine civil war of 1341–47.

Phakrases was an early adherent of Kantakouzenos, and in 1342–43 commanded the latter's cavalry at Didymoteicho. By 1346, he had been raised to the rank of protostrator, and in that year dealt a crushing defeat near Selymbria on the forces of Dobrotitsa of the Despotate of Dobruja, who had been called upon to aid the regency by the Empress-dowager Anna of Savoy. Dobrotitsa himself was taken prisoner, but managed to escape to Constantinople soon after.

After Kantakouzenos' victory in the civil war, in 1351 Phakrases led part of the army, under Manuel Asen (a brother of Empress Irene Asanina) in the failed siege of the Genoese colony of Galata. In 1355 he wrote a summary of the theological disputation between Gregory Palamas and Nikephoros Gregoras over the Hesychast controversy.

Despotate of Dobruja
The Despotate of Dobruja or Principality of Karvuna (Bulgarian: Добруджанско деспотство or Карвунско княжество; Romanian: Despotatul Dobrogei or Țara Cărvunei) was a 14th-century quasi-independent Bulgarian polity in the region of modern Dobruja, that split off from the Second Bulgarian Empire under the influence of the Byzantine Empire. The Despotate of Dobruja existed from 1356 to 1411.

The principality's name is derived from the fortress of Karvuna (present-day Balchik, not to be confused with Karnava/Kavarna), mentioned in Bulgarian and Byzantine documents and Italian portolans of the 14th century as its first capital, and located between Varna and Cape Kaliakra.
Lennox Mauris
Lennox Mauris (born 20 January 1977) is an international footballer from the former Netherlands Antilles. He has played club football in Belgium for K Bocholter VV and in the Netherlands for Türkiyemspor and Haaglandia.

FC Türkiyemspor
FC Türkiyemspor was a Dutch football club based in Amsterdam which was active from 1987 to 2009 when the club went bankrupt. The club quickly rose through the ranks of amateur football, winning four promotions between 1996 and 2002. Türkiyemspor won the Hoofdklasse title in its maiden season in 2002–03 and successfully defended the championship the year after. In 2004–05, Türkiyemspor were runners-up, only to regain the title the following season.

Change came when entrepreneur and chairman Nedim Imaç was assassinated on 17 February 2007. A week after his death, newspaper De Telegraaf reported that Imaç had been involved in heroin trade. Imaç was the club's biggest sponsor and his death led to financial troubles. Bills were unpaid and the club was on the verge of collapse. An attempt to make a new start appeared successful, but in February 2009, Türkiyemspor went bankrupt and was dissolved.
Protect Illinois Communities Act
The Protect Illinois Communities Act (formally known as Public Act 102–1116) is an assault weapons ban signed into Illinois law on January 10, 2023, by Governor J. B. Pritzker, going into immediate effect. The Act bans the sale and distribution of assault weapons, high-capacity magazines, and switches in Illinois. On August 11, 2023, the Illinois Supreme Court  upheld the law, stating that it is constitutional and does not "deny equal protection nor constitute special legislation." On November 3, 2023, a federal appeals court upheld the prohibition. On December 14, 2023, the Supreme Court of the United States declined to block the law from going into effect on January 1, 2024. However, a federal judge granted this request eleven months later on November 8, 2024. To give the state time to appeal, he left 30 days before his ruling went into effect.

Constitution of Illinois
The Constitution of the State of Illinois is the governing document of the state of Illinois. There have been four Illinois Constitutions, with the fourth version adopted in 1970. That constitution is referred to as the "Constitution of Illinois of 1970" or less formally as the "1970 Constitution" even though there have been amendments to it after 1970. Important features of the 1970 Constitution include the creation of home rule powers for larger municipalities and other units of local government.
Kind of Like Spitting
Kind of Like Spitting is an American indie rock band. They formed in 1996 in Portland, Oregon. The band was led by singer-songwriter Ben Barnett, whose work has drawn comparisons to Elliott Smith, Mark Eitzel, Billy Bragg, and Robert Pollard.

Over the next decade, Kind of Like Spitting regularly toured in the US, sometimes with David Jerkovich of Novi Split or a backing band. Kind of Like Spitting released twelve albums in seven years. In the UK, the track "Birds of a Feather" was picked up and played by BBC Radio 1 DJ John Peel; however, it never received regular airplay. The band announced a break-up in 2006 for personal reasons. After reuniting in 2012, the band broke up again in 2025.

Robert Pollard
Robert Ellsworth Pollard Jr. (born October 31, 1957) is an American singer and songwriter. He is the frontman and leader of indie rock band Guided by Voices, of which he is also the only constant member. He has also released 22 solo albums.

He has nearly 3,000 songs registered to his name with BMI. In 2006, Paste magazine listed him as the 78th-greatest living songwriter. In 2007, he was nominated for the Shortlist Music Prize.
John Boys (agriculturalist)
John Boys (1749–1824) was an English agriculturist.

The only son of William Boys and Ann, daughter of William Cooper of Ripple, he was born in November 1749. At Betshanger and afterwards at Each, Kent, he farmed with skill and success, and as a grazier was well known for his breed of South Down sheep. He was one of the commissioners of sewers for East Kent, and did much to promote the drainage of the Finglesham and Eastry Brooks.

For the Board of Agriculture, Boys wrote A General View of the Agriculture of the County of Kent, 1796, and an Essay on Paring and Burning, 1805. He died on 16 December 1824.

By his wife Mary, daughter of the Rev. Richard Harvey, vicar of Eastry-cum-Word, Boys had thirteen children, eight sons and five daughters. One of these was Edward Boys (1785–1866), a sea captain.

Betteshanger
Betteshanger (listenⓘ) is a village and former civil parish. now in the parish of Northbourne, in the Dover district, in east Kent, UK, near Deal. It gave its name to the largest of the four chief collieries of the Kent coalfield. In 1931 the parish had a population of 55. On 1 April 1935 the parish was abolished and merged with Northbourne.
Cullercoats Lifeboat Station
Cullercoats Lifeboat Station is located on the north side of Cullercoats Harbour, in Cullercoats, North Tyneside, a town which sits 2 miles (3.2 km) north of the mouth of the River Tyne, in the county of Tyne and Wear.

A lifeboat station was established at Cullercoats by the Royal National Institution for the Preservation of Life from Shipwreck (RNIPLS) in 1852, which became the Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) in 1854.

The Cullercoats lifeboat station currently operates a B-class (Atlantic 85) Inshore lifeboat Daddy's Girl (B-935), on station since 2022.

River Tyne
The River Tyne /ˈtaɪn/ ⓘ is a river in North East England. Its length (excluding tributaries) is 73 miles (118 km). It is formed by the North Tyne and the South Tyne, which converge at Warden near Hexham in Northumberland at a place dubbed 'The Meeting of the Waters'.

The Tyne Rivers Trust measure the whole Tyne catchment as 2,936 km2 (1,134 square miles), containing 4,399 km (2,733 miles) of waterways.
Pratijnayaugandharayana
Pratijnayaugandharayana (Sanskrit: प्रतिज्ञायौगन्धरायणम्, Pratijñāyaugandharāyaṇam) (English: The Pledge of Minister Yaugandharāyaṇa) is a Sanskrit play in four acts written by the ancient Indian poet Bhāsa. It is the oldest extant political play of India and the prequel to Bhāsa's Svapnavasavadattam. These plays were written by Bhāsa on the account of Udayana, king of Vatsa (Kaushambi).

Throughout the play, Yaugandharayana, minister of Udayana, takes two vows which are ultimately fulfilled.

Vatsa
Vatsa or Vamsa (IPA: [ʋɐt̪sɐ], Pali and Ardhamagadhi: Vaccha, IPA: [ʋɐtːʃʰɐ], literally "calf") was one of the sixteen Mahajanapadas (great kingdoms) of Uttarapatha of ancient India mentioned in the Aṅguttara Nikāya.
The Battle of Denain
The Battle of Denain (French: La Bataille de Denain) is an 1839 history painting by the French artist Jean Alaux. It depicts the Battle of Denain, fought on 24 July 1712, during the War of the Spanish Succession.
After the British Army had withdrawn from the Grand Alliance against Louis XIV, the French were able to go on the offensive and win a victory over Prince Eugene of Savoy at Denain in Northern France. This ended a run of defeats they had suffered against the Allies. Their commander Marshal Villars is shown leading his men forward.

The large painting was commissioned by Louis Philippe I for the Galerie des Batailles of the new Musée de l'Histoire de France at the Palace of Versailles. During the July Monarchy a large number of battle scenes were produced commemorating military victories from French history. Alaux received 12,000 Francs for this picture, which was exhibited at the Salon of 1839 in Paris.

Grand Alliance (League of Augsburg)
The Grand Alliance  was signed on 20 December 1689 by William III, King of England and Scotland, and  Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor. A coalition between the Dutch Republic, England, and the Habsburg Monarchy, its primary purpose was to oppose the expansionist policies of Louis XIV of France.

With the subsequent additions of Spain and Savoy, the Grand Alliance fought the 1688 to 1697 Nine Years' War against France that ended with the Peace of Ryswick. It was reformed by the 1701 Treaty of The Hague prior to the War of the Spanish Succession, and dissolved in 1713 following the Peace of Utrecht.
Juha Haukkala
Juha Haukkala (born 28 June 1978) is a Finnish freestyle skier who specializes in the skicross discipline.

He made his World Cup debut in February 2003 in Les Contamines, and collected his first World Cup points in January 2004, with a 25th place in Laax and a 22nd place in Spindleruv Mlyn. The next year he won a gold medal at the 2005 Winter Universiade and finished seventh at the 2005 World Championships. He placed among the top World Cup twenty for the first time in January 2006, with a fifteenth place in Les Contamines, and successively improved to fourteenth and eleventh before the season was over. He continued with decent placements in 2007, 2008 and 2009, with a fifth place from January 2008 in Kreischberg as his best result. He finished eleventh at the 2007 World Championships.

He was born in Seinäjoki, but resides in Helsinki where he works as a radiologist. He represents the sports club Seinäjoen Hiihtoseura.

Ski cross
Ski cross is a skiing competition which incorporates terrain features traditionally found in freestyle skiing with courses which include big-air jumps and high-banked turns. In spite of the fact that it is a timed racing event, it is often considered a type of freestyle skiing. What sets ski cross apart from other alpine skiing disciplines is that it involves more than one skier racing down the course. Any intentional contact with other competitors like grabbing or any other forms of contact meant to give the competitor an advantage leads to disqualification.

Ski cross is a part of the FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships, the world championship organized by the FIS for freestyle skiing. First organized in 1986, the world championship is now held every odd year. In 2010 the sport debuted as a part of the Winter Olympic Games and has been contested ever since. It was a part of the Winter X Games until 2012.
Khalid Zoubaa
Khalid Zoubaa ( born 27 April 1977 in Sète, Hérault) is a French long-distance runner.

He finished fifth in the 5000 metres at the 2006 European Athletics Championships and sixth at the 2006 IAAF World Cup.

His personal best time is 13:11.97 minutes, achieved in June 2006 in Huelva.

2006 IAAF World Cup
The 10th IAAF World Cup in Athletics was an international track and field sporting event, held under the auspices of the International Association of Athletics Federations, which took place on 16 and 17 September 2006 at the Olympic Stadium in Athens, Greece.
Vacarisses
Vacarisses (Catalan pronunciation: [bəkəˈɾisəs]) is a village in the province of Barcelona and autonomous community of Catalonia, Spain. The municipality covers an area of 40.44 square kilometres (15.61 sq mi) and the population in 2014 was 6,218. The village is home to korfball team CK Vacarisses.

Province of Barcelona
Barcelona (Catalan: [bəɾsəˈlonə] ⓘ; Spanish: [baɾθeˈlona]) is a province in northeastern Spain, in the center of the autonomous community of Catalonia. The province is bordered by the provinces of Tarragona, Lleida, and Girona, and by the Mediterranean Sea. The area of the province is 7,726.37 km2 (2,983.17 sq mi), and the population is 5,877,672, of which 28.7% is in the city of Barcelona itself, which itself is contained in the Barcelona metropolitan area. It is both the 2nd most populous and 2nd most densely populated province in the country.
Graceland Way
Graceland Way is the upcoming fifth studio album by American singer-songwriter Mikaela Davis. It is set to be released on April 24, 2026, through Kill Rock Stars. The album was produced by Davis with Dan Horne and John Lee Shannon of Circles Around the Sun, and was recorded at UHF Studio in Glendale, California. Guests on the album include Karly Hartzman (of Wednesday), James Felice (of The Felice Brothers), Madison Cunningham and Tim Heidecker; the latter two appear on the album's second single, "(Looking Through) Rose Colored Glasses".

Tim Heidecker
Timothy Richard Heidecker (/ˈhaɪdɛkər/; born February 3, 1976) is an American comedian, writer, director, actor, and musician. Along with Eric Wareheim, he is a member of the comedy duo Tim & Eric.

As an actor, Heidecker's filmography includes roles in Bridesmaids (2011), Tim and Eric's Billion Dollar Movie (2012), The Comedy (2012), Ant-Man and the Wasp (2018), and Us (2019). He currently hosts the parodic film review web series On Cinema, with guest star Gregg Turkington, and hosts a weekly call-in show, Office Hours Live with Tim Heidecker, with DJ Douggpound and Vic Berger. Heidecker is also a singer-songwriter, having released a blend of comedy rock and more earnest folk rock across an eight-album solo discography. His latest album, Slipping Away, was released in October of 2024.
Jim Rondeau
Jim Rondeau (born April 6, 1959) is a former politician in Manitoba, Canada. He served as a member of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba from 1999 to 2016, and served as cabinet minister in the provincial governments of Gary Doer and Greg Selinger from 2003 to 2013. Rondeau is a member of the New Democratic Party. Rondeau did not seek re-election in the 2016 Manitoba election.

New Democratic Party of Manitoba
The New Democratic Party of Manitoba (Manitoba NDP; French: Nouveau Parti démocratique du Manitoba), branded as Manitoba's NDP, is a social democratic political party in Manitoba, Canada. It is the provincial section of the federal New Democratic Party, and is a successor to the Manitoba Co-operative Commonwealth Federation. It is currently the governing party in Manitoba.
Springfield (horse)
Springfield (1873–1898) was a successful English Thoroughbred racehorse that won 14 consecutive races and was a useful sire of the late 19th century. He was the grandsire of two English Triple Crown winners: Galtee More, who was exported to Russia, and later Germany and Rock Sand, who was exported to the U.S. and in turn was the grandsire of Man o' War, widely considered one of the greatest racehorses of all time.

He was a bay colt foaled in 1873 at Bushy Park Paddocks at Hampton Court.  Springfield was sired by the St. Leger Stakes winner St. Albans, his dam was Queen Victoria's Viridis by Marsyas (who won the July Cup, and later sired The Derby winner George Frederick). He was sold as a yearling and purchased by J.H. Houldsworth for 320 guineas. Springfield was line-bred to Sultan in the fourth and fifth generation of his pedigree (5m x 4f).

Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing
The Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing, often shortened to Triple Crown, is a series of horse races for Thoroughbreds, often restricted to three-year-olds. Winning all three of these Thoroughbred horse races is considered the greatest accomplishment in Thoroughbred racing. The term originated in mid-19th-century England and nations where Thoroughbred racing is popular, each having their own Triple Crown series.
2018 Hlinka Gretzky Cup
The 2018 Hlinka Gretzky Cup (branded as the 2018 Hlinka Gretzky Cup presented by Ram for sponsorship reasons) was an under-18 international ice hockey tournament held in Edmonton and Red Deer, Alberta, Canada from August 6–11, 2018 at Rogers Place in Edmonton and Servus Arena in Red Deer.

Rogers Place
Rogers Place is a multi-purpose indoor arena in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Construction started in March 2014, and the building officially opened on 8 September 2016. The arena has a seating capacity of 18,347 as a hockey arena and 20,734 as a concert venue.

It replaced Northlands Coliseum (opened 1974) as the home of the NHL's Edmonton Oilers and the WHL's Edmonton Oil Kings. The arena is in the block between 102 and 104 Streets and 104 and 105 Avenues. Public transit access to the arena is provided by the Edmonton LRT system (MacEwan station on the Metro Line) and Edmonton Transit Service bus.
Erwin National Fish Hatchery
The Erwin National Fish Hatchery is a fish hatchery administered by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service located in Erwin, Tennessee, in the United States. It opened in 1897 and is one of the oldest United States Government facilities in the National Fish Hatchery System. It is a major producer of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) eggs for the stocking of waterways in the southeastern United States, and also is involved in the preservation and restoration of threatened and endangered species in the region.

Broodstock
Broodstock, or broodfish, are a group of mature individuals used in aquaculture for breeding purposes. Broodstock can be a population of animals maintained in captivity as a source of replacement for, or enhancement of, seed and fry numbers. These are generally kept in ponds or tanks in which environmental conditions such as photoperiod, temperature and pH are controlled. Such populations often undergo conditioning to ensure maximum fry output. Broodstock can also be sourced from wild populations where they are harvested and held in maturation tanks before their seed is collected for grow-out to market size or the juveniles returned to the sea to supplement natural populations. This method, however, is subject to environmental conditions and can be unreliable seasonally, or annually. Broodstock management can improve seed quality and number through enhanced gonadal development and fecundity.
Mufti Abdul Hannan
Mufti Abdul Hannan (Bengali: আবদুল হান্নান; died 12 April 2017) was a Bangladeshi Islamist militant and the former chief of Harkat-ul-Jihad al-Islami Bangladesh (HuJI-B), a banned extremist organization. He played a central role in orchestrating numerous terrorist attacks in Bangladesh between 1999 and 2005, resulting in the deaths of over 100 people. He was sentenced to death by hanging on charges of multiple crimes and executed on 12 April 2017.

Mujahideen
Mujahideen or mujahidin (Arabic: مُجَاهِدِين, romanized: mujāhidīn), is the plural form of mujahid (Arabic: مُجَاهِد, romanized: mujāhid, lit. 'strugglers or strivers, doers of jihād'), an Arabic term that broadly refers to people who engage in jihad (lit. 'struggle or striving [for justice, right conduct, Godly rule, etc.]'), interpreted in a jurisprudence of Islam as the fight on behalf of God, religion or the community (ummah).

The widespread use of the word in English began with reference to the guerrilla-type militant groups led by the Islamist Afghan fighters in the Soviet–Afghan War (see Afghan mujahideen). The term now extends to other jihadist groups in various countries.
Jack Curran (broadcaster)
John Bernard Curran (November 11, 1932 - July 9, 2003) was a Canadian broadcaster.  Curran was a well known Montreal television and radio host, actor, narrator and freelance commercial announcer. His career spanned 50 years.  He worked for radio stations in New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario and Quebec.

Radio personality
A radio personality is a person who has an on-air position in radio broadcasting. A radio personality who hosts a radio show is also known as a radio host (North American English), radio presenter (British English) or radio jockey. Radio personalities who introduce and play individual selections of recorded music are known as disc jockeys or "DJs" for short. Broadcast radio personalities may include talk radio hosts, AM/FM radio show hosts, and satellite radio program hosts, and non-host contributors to radio programs, such as reporter
Swan 39
The Swan 39 is a Finnish sailboat that was designed by Ron Holland  as an International Offshore Rule (IOR) racer and a cruiser and first built in 1978.

The production boat was based on IMP, a very successful IOR racer built in 1977 that represented the United States in the 1977 and 1979 Admiral's Cup.

Admiral's Cup
The Admiral's Cup is an international yachting regatta.  For many years it was known as the unofficial world championship of offshore racing.

The Admiral's Cup regatta was started in 1957 and was normally a biennial event (occurring in odd-numbered years) which was competed for between national teams.  However the event was not staged in 2001 and was last held in 2003.  It was cancelled at short notice in 2005. After this hiatus the Admiral's Cup returned in 2025 which 15 teams entered from around the world.

The 2003 event did not follow the normal format and allowed entries from any yacht club affiliated to a national authority, thus allowing the possibility of several teams per country.

The regatta was based at Cowes on the Isle of Wight off southern England and was organised by the Royal Ocean Racing Club.
Mark Pfeifer
Mark Edward Pfeifer is the editor of the Hmong Studies Journal, and the director of the Hmong Resource Center Library and the Museum at the Hmong Cultural Center in St. Paul, Minnesota.

From 2000 to 2006, he directed the Hmong Resource Center Library at the Hmong Cultural Center (HCC) in St. Paul. From around 2006 to 2011 Pfeifer worked at the Texas A&M University–Corpus Christi as an academic librarian. During that period he assisted HCC with its website.

Since 2010, he has taught anthropology courses online for the State University of New York Polytechnic Institute  in Utica, New York and for Empire State College in Saratoga Springs, New York since 2013.

SUNY Polytechnic Institute
The State University of New York Polytechnic Institute (SUNY Polytechnic Institute or SUNY Poly) is a public university in the town of Marcy, New York, in the Utica–Rome metropolitan area. It is part of the State University of New York (SUNY) system, serving as its institute of technology. The institution was established as the Upper Division College at Herkimer/Rome/Utica in 1966.

SUNY Poly is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education. The university has programs in the disciplines of engineering, engineering technology, and other programs and degrees in business administration, technology, nursing, design, professional studies, and the arts and sciences. It offers undergraduate and graduate study, with no doctoral programs.