hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gerry Cawley
Gerry Cawley originally from St Mawgan in Cornwall is well known for being a Cornish Wrestling Champion. Gerry Cawley retired from competitive wrestling although can still be found acting as a stickler (referee) in the Cornish Wrestling ring.

In 2007, Cawley won the Cornish Heavyweight Wrestling Championship at Helston, as part of the Harvest Fair festivities. The event took place in front of a crowd of over 200 people, defeating Gareth Beale of Truro following 2 x 10 minute bouts plus 3 minutes extra time.

Helston
Helston (Cornish: Hellys) is a town and civil parish in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is situated at the northern end of the Lizard Peninsula approximately 12 miles (19 km) east of Penzance and 9 miles (14 km) south-west of Falmouth. Helston is the most southerly town on the island of Great Britain and is around 1+1⁄2 miles (2.5 kilometres) farther south than Penzance. At the 2021 census the population of the parish was 11,611 and the population of the built up area was 11,360.

The former stannary and cattle market town is best known for the annual Furry Dance (known locally as the Flora Dance), said to originate from the medieval period. However, the Hal-an-Tow is reputed to be of Celtic origin. The associated song and music, The Floral Dance, is known to have been written in 1911. In 2001, the town celebrated the 800th anniversary of the granting of its Charter.
Bernhard von Hülsen
Bernhard Franz Karl Adolf Gottvertrau von Hülsen (b. 20 April 1865 in Cosel, Province of Silesia, Kingdom of Prussia, German Confederation; d. 21 April 1950 in Potsdam, State of Brandenburg, East Germany) was a German Generalleutnant.

Koźle
Koźle (German: Cosel) is a district of Kędzierzyn-Koźle, Poland, located in the western part of the city at the junction of the Kłodnica and Oder rivers, c. 50 km southeast of Opole. The district has a Roman Catholic church, a medieval chateau, remains of a 19th-century fortress and a high school. Koźle's industries include a shipyard and an inland port.
Thomas Humphreys (Baptist minister)
Thomas Humphreys was minister of Seion, Cwmaman, from the 1860s until his death in 1909. During this time the church developed into one of the strongest associations in the village. He was eventually succeeded by S. J. Leeke.

He was also active in local politics and became a member of the Aberdare Local Board of Health. From 1894 he was an inaugural member of the Aberdare Urban District Council, being elected in second place in the Aberaman ward behind E.M. Hann. Humphreys was re-elected unopposed in 1897 and 1900. In 1903, however, he lost his seat to a Labour candidate because of an alleged lack of sympathy with the working classes.

1900 Aberdare Urban District Council election
The Aberdare Urban District Council was established in 1894 and covered the parish of Aberdare. Its responsibilities included public health, sanitation, roads and public works generally.

There were five wards, namely Aberaman (also known as No. 5 Ward), Blaengwawr (also known as No. 4 Ward), Gadlys (also known as No. 2 Ward), Llwydcoed (also known as No. 1 Ward), and the Town Ward (also known as No. 3 Ward).  At this time, one member was elected from each ward on an annual basis.

An election was held in April 1900. It was preceded by the 1899 election and followed by the 1901 election. The term of office of members elected at the 1897 election came to an end and those elected were to serve until 1903.

(*) denotes sitting member
Michael (Franz Ferdinand song)
"Michael" is a song by Scottish indie rock band Franz Ferdinand. It was released as the fourth single from their eponymous debut studio album on 16 August 2004 through Domino Records. The song was notable for its homoerotic lyrics such as "stubble on my sticky lips" and "beautiful boys on a beautiful dancefloor".

"Michael" released in multiple formats, including a 7-inch vinyl, two 12-inch vinyls, and two CDs. The second CD that was released was pulled from stores a day after its release due to chart ineligibility as it had three tracks on it instead of two, which is the allowed number of tracks for the CD2 format. It was later re-released with only two tracks. The song experienced commercial success, peaking at number 17 on the UK Singles Chart, number 39 on the Irish Singles Chart, and number 15 on the Finnish Singles Chart.

Alex Kapranos
Alexander Paul Kapranos (born 20 March 1972) is a Scottish musician. He is the lead vocalist and lead guitarist of Scottish rock band Franz Ferdinand. He has also been a part of the supergroups FFS and BNQT.
Armour (zoology)
Armor or armour in animals is a rigid cuticle or exoskeleton that provides exterior protection against attack by predators, formed as part of the body (rather than the behavioural utilization of external objects for protection) usually through the thickening and hardening of superficial tissues, outgrowths or skin secretions. It is often found in prey species that are too slow or clumsy to outrun predators, or those that would stand their ground and fight, thus needing to protect vital organs against claw, talon or bite injuries.

Ceratopsia
Ceratopsia or Ceratopia (/ˌsɛrəˈtɒpsiə/ or /ˌsɛrəˈtoʊpiə/; Greek: "horned faces") is a group of herbivorous, beaked dinosaurs that thrived in what are now North America, Asia and Europe, during the Cretaceous Period, although ancestral forms lived earlier, in the Late Jurassic of Asia. The earliest known ceratopsian, Yinlong downsi, lived between 161.2 and 155.7 million years ago. The last ceratopsian species, Triceratops prorsus, became extinct during the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event, 66 million years ago.

Triceratops is by far the best-known ceratopsian to the general public. It is traditional for ceratopsian genus names to end in "-ceratops", although this is not always the case. One of the first named genera was Ceratops itself, which lent its name to the group, although it is considered a nomen dubium today as its fossil remains have no distinguishing characteristics that are not also found in other ceratopsians.
Werner Fricker
Werner Fricker (January 24, 1936 – May 30, 2001) was a German-American soccer halfback who later became president of the United States Soccer Federation.  He is a member of both the National Soccer Hall of Fame and the USASA Hall of Fame.

National Amateur Cup
The National Amateur Cup, also known as the USASA Amateur Cup, is an American knockout soccer competition open to all amateur teams affiliated with the United States Soccer Federation through United States Adult Soccer Association (USASA). The National Amateur Cup began in 1923 in response to the number of teams applying to play in the National Challenge Cup. The winner of the men's National Amateur Cup tournament is awarded the Fritz Marth Cup and an entry into the U.S. Open Cup.
Brian Butterworth
Brian Lewis Butterworth FBA (born 3 January 1944) is emeritus professor of cognitive neuropsychology in the Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience at University College London, England. His research has ranged from speech errors and pauses, short-term memory deficits, reading and the dyslexias both in alphabetic scripts and Chinese, and mathematics and dyscalculia. He has also pioneered educational neuroscience, notably in the study of learners with special educational needs (Educational Neuroscience, 2013).

He read psychology and philosophy at Oxford University (1963-1966). He completed an MA on Gödel's theorem at Sussex University (1967-1968) under the direction of Peter Nidditch, and a PhD in psycholinguistics at UCL supervised by Frieda Goldman-Eisler, the first professor of psycholinguistics in the UK.

Short-term memory
Short-term memory  (or "primary" or "active memory") is the capacity for holding a small amount of information in an active, readily available state for a short interval. For example, short-term memory holds a phone number that has just been recited. The duration of short-term memory (absent rehearsal or active maintenance) is estimated to be on the order of seconds. The commonly cited capacity of 7 items, found in Miller's law, has been superseded by 3-5 items. In contrast, long-term memory holds information indefinitely.

Short-term memory is not the same as working memory, which refers to structures and processes used for temporarily storing and manipulating information.
Paphiopedilum purpuratum
Paphiopedilum purpuratum is a species of orchids found from southern China to Hainan Island. The species was discovered on Hong Kong Island in 1850.

This forest species is Critically Endangered in the wild, with an estimated global population of fewer than 250 individuals.  The main causes of ongoing decline are habitat loss and degradation.

Northern and southern China
Northern China (Chinese: 中国北方 or 中国北部; lit. 'China's North') and southern China (Chinese: 中国南方 or 中国南部; lit. 'China's South') are two approximate regions that display certain differences in terms of their geography, demographics, economy, and culture.
Party of Objective Truth
The Party of Objective Truth (listed on the ballots as P.O.T.) was a minor political party in the province of Ontario, Canada. It was registered as a party on the last possible day for the 2018 election, and ran candidates in two ridings in that election.

The party website contains a map with a pin placed at the party headquarters, 388 Talbot St., St. Thomas, Ontario, which falls within the riding of Elgin—Middlesex—London, where the P.O.T. had nominated Henri Barrette as its candidate. Derrick Lionel Matthews ran for the P.O.T. in Nepean.

St. Thomas, Ontario
St. Thomas is a city in southwestern Ontario, Canada. It gained its city charter on March 4, 1881. The city is also the seat for Elgin County, although it is independent of the county.

At the time of the 2021 Census, the population of the city was 42,918.
Salvator Mundi (Palma Vecchio)
Salvator Mundi (Jesus Christ, Saviour of the World) is a religious painting by Italian Renaissance artist Palma Vecchio, dated to c. 1518-1522. It is on display in the Musée des Beaux-Arts of Strasbourg, France (inventory number 585).

Musée des Beaux-Arts de Strasbourg
The Musée des Beaux-Arts de Strasbourg (Museum of Fine Arts of Strasbourg) is the old masters paintings collection of the city of Strasbourg, located in the Alsace region of France. The museum is housed in the first and second floors of the baroque Palais Rohan since 1898. The museum displays works by non-Upper Rhenish artists from between the 14th century and 1871 and by Upper Rhenish artist from between 1681 and 1871. The museum owned 1,934 works as of 31 December 2015, this number has substantially increased since (see below). The old masters from the upper-Rhenish area until 1681 are exhibited in the neighboring Musée de l’Œuvre Notre-Dame.
Duclaux Point
Duclaux Point (64°4′S 62°15′W﻿ / ﻿64.067°S 62.250°W﻿ / -64.067; -62.250) is a point extending into Bouquet Bay from the east side of Pasteur Peninsula, 3 nautical miles (6 km) southeast of Cape Cockburn on Brabant Island in the Palmer Archipelago. It was first charted by the French Antarctic Expedition, 1903–05, and named by Jean-Baptiste Charcot for Pierre E. Duclaux, a French biochemist who was director of the Pasteur Institute in Paris in 1895.

Pasteur Peninsula
Pasteur Peninsula is a broad peninsula 9 km (5.6 mi) long in a north-south direction and ranging from 8–13 km (5.0–8.1 mi) wide between Guyou Bay and Bouquet Bay, forming the north end of Brabant Island in the Palmer Archipelago of Antarctica. Its interior is occupied by the northern part of Stribog Mountains drained by Oshane, Podayva, Burevestnik and Lister Glaciers.

The peninsula was mapped by the French Antarctic Expedition, 1903–05, and named by its leader Jean-Baptiste Charcot in honour of Louis Pasteur.
Methodius Stratiev
Archbishop Methodius Stratiev AA, (secular name Nikola Dimitrov Stratiev) (1916 - 2006) was a Bulgarian Catholic priest, of the Order of Saint Augustine, Titular Archbishop and former Exarch of Sofia Exarchate and political prisoner during the trials against Catholic priests in Bulgaria.

Plovdiv
Plovdiv (Bulgarian: Пловдив, pronounced [ˈpɫɔvdif]) is the second-largest city in Bulgaria and the most populous city in the Bulgarian part of the historic region of Thrace, located 144 km (93 miles) southeast of the capital Sofia. It had a population of 329,489 as of 2024 and 540,000 in its greater metropolitan area. An important economic, transport, cultural, and educational hub of Bulgaria, Plovdiv was the European Capital of Culture in 1999 and 2019, and joined the UNESCO Global Network of Learning Cities in 2016.
Western speckled dace
The Western speckled dace (Rhinichthys klamathensis) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Leuciscidae, the shiners, daces and minnows. This species is found in the  Klamath, Warner and Sacramento drainage systems in California and Oregon. This species was first formally described in 1898 by the American ichthyologists Barton Warren Evermann and Seth Eugene Meek with the type locality given as the mouth of a creek in Pelican Bay, Upper Klamath Lake, Klamath County, Oregon. This taxon was previously regarded as a subspecies of the speckled dace (R. osculus) but in 2023 Peter B. Moyle, Nicholas Buckmaster and Yingxin Su confirmed it was a valid species with three subspecies, the Klamath Western speckled dace (R. k. klamathensis),  Sacramento speckled dace (R. k. achomawi) and Warner speckled dace (R. k. goyatoka).

Warner Valley
The Warner Valley is a valley in south-central Oregon in the United States.  It is a remote valley at the northwestern corner of North America's Basin and Range Province.  The valley is home to a chain of lakes and wetlands known as the Warner Lakes. Native Americans were present in the Warner Valley for thousands of years before European explorers arrived in the 19th century. It is the site of Fort Warner, built by the United States Army in 1867.  The fort was used as a supply depot and administrative headquarters during a protracted Army campaign against Northern Paiute bands in eastern Oregon and northern California.  Today, livestock ranching is the main commercial activity in the valley.  The Warner Valley offers a number of recreational opportunities including hunting, fishing, bird watching, and wildlife viewing.
B.E.D. (song)
"B.E.D." is a song by American singer Jacquees. It was first released on January 25, 2016, from his mixtape Mood, before being released as a single on July 8, 2016. It is the lead single from his debut studio album 4275 (2018). The song was a sleeper hit, and is considered Jacquees' breakout song.

Mood (Jacquees album)
Mood is a mixtape by American R&B singer Jacquees, released on January 10, 2016. The mixtape features guest appearances from rappers  Kevin Gates, Dej Loaf, Young Scooter, Kirko Bangz, Rich Homie Quan and Birdman. Production was mostly handled by Nash B and hosted by DJ Spinz.
Humbaba (crater)
Humbaba is a crater on Jupiter's moon Ganymede. It is approximately 40 km (25 mi) in diameter and it exhibits a dark ray system, a rare type of feature on Ganymede. This makes Humbaba the largest dark crater on Ganymede.

Natural satellite
A natural satellite is, in the most common usage, an astronomical body that orbits a planet, dwarf planet, or small Solar System body (or sometimes another natural satellite). Natural satellites are colloquially referred to as moons, a derivation from the Moon of Earth.

In the Solar System, there are six planetary satellite systems, altogether comprising 419 natural satellites with confirmed orbits. Seven objects commonly considered dwarf planets by astronomers are also known to have natural satellites: Orcus, Pluto, Haumea, Quaoar, Makemake, Gonggong, and Eris. As of February 2026, there are 630 other minor planets known to have natural satellites.
John Herstad
John Herstad (born 10 July 1936) is a Norwegian historian.

He was born in Bergen. Herstad was appointed professor at the University of Bergen from 1980. He served the head of the National Archives of Norway from 1982 to 2006. He was decorated Commander of the Order of St. Olav in 2005.

National Archives of Norway
The National Archives of Norway (Riksarkivet) is the institution responsible for preserving archive material from Norwegian state institutions, as well as contributing to the preservation of private archives. It does this work in cooperation with the regional state archives, together with which it forms the National Archival Services of Norway (Arkivverket).

The National Archives was founded in 1817. Henrik Wergeland was appointed as the first national archivist in 1841.
Nicole Houde
Nicole Houde (November 1, 1945 – February 2, 2016) was a Quebec writer.

The daughter of Thérèse Simard and Roland Houde, she was born in Saint-Fulgence and studied education at the École normale Bon-Pasteur and anthropology at the Université de Montréal. Her short stories have been published in various periodicals including Moebius, Arcade and Un Lac, un Fjord. Her first novel La malentendue, published in 1983, received the Prix des Jeunes Écrivains of the Journal de Montréal.

Le Journal de Montréal
Le Journal de Montréal is a daily French-language tabloid newspaper published in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It has the largest circulation of any newspaper in Quebec and is also the largest French-language daily newspaper in North America. Established by Pierre Péladeau in 1964, it is owned by Quebecor Media, and is hence a sister publication of TVA flagship CFTM-DT. It is also Canada's largest tabloid newspaper. Its head office is located on 4545, rue Frontenac in Montreal.

Le Journal de Montréal covers mostly local and provincial news, as well as sports, arts and justice. It has draw praise for its investigation desk launched in 2013 but criticism known for its sensationalist news, and its columnists who are often public figures.
El puñao de rosas
El puñao de rosas (A Bunch of Roses) is a one-act zarzuela "of Andalusian customs" (de costumbres andaluzas) by Spanish composer Ruperto Chapí to a libretto by Carlos Arniches and Ramón Asensio Más. It was successfully premiered on 30 October 1902, at the Teatro Apolo in Madrid. A parody zarzuela, El cuñao de Rosa (The brother-in-law of Rosa), with text by Candela and Merino and music by Tomás López Torregrosa, was staged in February next year.

Carlos Arniches
Carlos Arniches Barreda (11 October 1866 – 16 April 1943) was a Spanish playwright, born in Alicante. His prolific work, drawing on the traditions of the género chico, the zarzuela and the grotesque, came to dominate the Spanish comic theatre in the early twentieth century.

After starting his career as a novelist and journalist, Arniches turned to theatre in 1888 with the publication of his first play, Casa editorial. Much of his work is set in lower-class Madrid and uses colloquial language, song, dance and music.

Arniches was complimented in a 1935 interview by Federico García Lorca, often a scathing critic of contemporary Spanish theatre, as 'more of a poet than almost any of those who are writing theatre in verse at the moment'.

Following the end of the Spanish Civil War, the social dramas of Carlos Arniches were among the relatively non-controversial plays allowed by the new government.
Ponniyin Selvan (2005 film)
Ponniyin Selvan (transl. The son of Ponni) is a 2005 Indian Tamil-language drama film written and directed by Radha Mohan. Produced by A. M. Rathnam, it stars his son Ravi Krishna, along with Gopika and Revathi, while Vidyasagar composed the music for the film. The film is unrelated to the same-titled novel by Kalki Krishnamurthy. It was released in Telugu as Muddula Koduku and additionally featured Uttej and Venu Madhav replacing the Tamil actors Elango Kumaravel and Mayilsamy, respectively.

Elango Kumaravel
Elango Kumaravel is an Indian actor, writer and a co-founder of the Chennai-based theatre group "Magic Lantern". He is an alumnus of Pondicherry University's Sankaradas Swamigal School of Performing Arts and the Chennai-based theatre workshop koothuppattarai. He has also worked as a casting assistant for the 2007 film Loins of Punjab Presents and wrote the script for the 2008 film Kattradhu Kalavu. He was involved in the production of "Ey Aa O!" a musical fusion work of collaboration between Indian folk and classical musicians.
Injipuli
Injipuli is a dark brown sweet-sour and spicy pickle made of ginger, tamarind, green chillies and jaggery mainly prepared in Kerala during Onam. It is also a part of Tamil Nadu cuisine. It is also known as puli inji in some parts of Kerala, South India.

It is served as part of the Sadhya, or virunthu by the Tamil community.

Tamarind
Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) is a leguminous tree bearing edible fruit that is indigenous to tropical Africa and naturalized in Asia. The genus Tamarindus is monotypic, meaning that it contains only this species. It belongs to the family Fabaceae.

The tamarind tree produces brown, pod-like fruits that contain a sweet, tangy pulp, which is used in cuisines around the world. The pulp is also used in traditional medicine and as a dye. The wood can be used for woodworking, and tamarind seed oil can be extracted from the seeds. Its young leaves are used in Indian and Filipino cuisine. Because tamarind has multiple uses, it is cultivated worldwide in tropical and subtropical zones.
Kutman Wine Museum
Kutman Wine Museum (Turkish: Kutman Şarap Müzesi) is a privately held museum devoted to winemaking, which was established in 2004 by the Kutman Winery at Mürefte, Şarköy of Tekirdağ Province, Turkey.

Kutman Wine Museum was founded in 2004 by the third-generation executives Adnan and Cahit Kutman of the Kutman Winery, which is one of the five wineries in Mürefte village of Şarköy, Tekirdağ. It is housed in a building next to the residence, where the family had lived between the early 1900s and 1976.
The museum exhibits singed joists of the 1928-burnt old residence building, wine production records of the last eighty years, weighing scales from the Ottoman period, mechanical crusher, mechanical destemming machine, must pump, big  wooden wine barrels, bottle corking machine and dusty wine bottles.

Şarköy
Şarköy is a municipality and district of Tekirdağ Province, Turkey. Its area is 487 km2, and its population is 33,466 (2022). It is a seaside town on the north coast of the Marmara Sea in East Thrace. Şarköy is 86 km west of the town of Tekirdağ, and can be reached either by the inland road or by the winding coast road, which goes on to Gallipoli. The mayor is Alpay Var (CHP).
Veera Vijaya Bukka Raya
Veera Vijaya Bukka Raya (reigned 1423–1424), also known as Bukka Raya III and Vijaya Raya, was an emperor of the Vijayanagara Empire from the Sangama Dynasty.

Vijaya Raya was the son of Deva Raya I and succeeded his brother, Ramachandra Raya, in 1423 as the emperor of the Vijayanagara Empire. Similar to Ramachandra, Vijaya Raya is not known for doing anything significant and his short reign ended in 1424 (though Fernao Nuniz had noted that his reign lasted six years) when he was succeeded by his son, Deva Raya II. Vijaya Raya was the second son of Deva Raya I. During his reign, he faced an invasion from the Bahmani Sultanate, under Ahmad Shah I Wali. In the Siege of Vijayanagar, the Bahmanis defeated Vijayanagar, and recaptured the Sultanate's lost territories.

Ahmad Shah I Wali
Ahmed Shah Al Wali Bahamani was the ruler of the Bahmani Sultanate from 1 October 1422 to 17 April 1436, and was a great patron of arts and culture. He brought Persian artisans from Iran, including the metal-worker Abdulla-bin-Kaiser, who was the master of Bidriware, the inlaying of zinc alloy with silver and gold.