hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ato Stephens
Ato Stephens (born Ato Modibo; 19 June 1979) is a sprinter from Trinidad and Tobago who specialises in the 400 metres. He won a bronze medal at the 2003 CAC Championships, and took the silver at the 2005 edition. He is married to Cydonie Mothersille, a sprinter for the Cayman Islands.

Competing for the Clemson Tigers track and field team, Stephens won the 1999 400 meters at the NCAA Division I Indoor Track and Field Championships in a time of 46.11.

He has competed at the Summer Olympics three times, but did not progress beyond the heats at the 2000, 2004 or 2008 editions. Stephens ran at the World Championships in Athletics in 2001, 2005 and 2007. He has also represented Trinidad and Tobago in the 4×400 metres relay. His best performances in major competitions include a third-place finish in the semifinals at the 2007 World Championships and fourth in the semifinals at the 2006 Commonwealth Games.

Stephens was coached by coach Henry Rolle.

2001 World Championships in Athletics
The 8th World Championships in Athletics, under the auspices of the International Association of Athletics Federations, were held at Commonwealth Stadium in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada between 3 and 12 August 2001 and was the first time the event had visited North America. The music for the Opening and Closing Ceremonies was composed by Canadian composers Jan Randall and Cassius Khan. The ceremonies also featured a thousand-strong voice choir, and the Edmonton Symphony Orchestra.

Edmonton defeated bids from Paris, France (which hosted the next edition) and the San Francisco Bay Area in the United States to host the event. Edmonton had previously hosted the 1978 Commonwealth Games and the 1983 Summer Universiade.
DiNapoli
DiNapoli is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Gennaro DiNapoli (born 1975), American football player

Joseph DiNapoli (born 1935), American mobster

Louis DiNapoli (born 1938), American mobster

Thomas DiNapoli (born 1954), American politician

Vincent DiNapoli (1937–2005), American mobster

Gennaro DiNapoli
Gennaro L. DiNapoli (born May 25, 1975) is an American former professional football player who was a center and guard in the National Football League for the Oakland Raiders, Tennessee Titans, and Dallas Cowboys. He played college football for the Virginia Tech Hokies and was selected in the fourth round of the 1998 NFL draft.
Oswald Kohts
Wilhelm Ernst Oswald Kohts (31 January 1844 in Berent, Province of Prussia – 1912) was a German physician and pediatrician.

He studied medicine at the Universities of Jena, Königsberg and Berlin. From 1870 he served as an assistant to Ernst Viktor von Leyden at Königsberg, and in 1872 began work as a secondary physician at the polyclinic in Strassburg. Here, he became an associate professor and director of the children's clinic. In 1878 he was appointed director of the university polyclinic. Among his students and assistants at Strassburg were dermatologist Eduard Arning (1855-1936)  and pediatrician Ferdinand Siegert (1865-1946).

In 1886, he became a member of the Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher Leopoldina.

Province of Prussia
The Province of Prussia (German: Provinz Preußen; Lithuanian: Prūsijos provincija; Polish: Prowincja Prusy; Kashubian: Prowincjô Prësë) was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia from 1824 to 1878. The province was established in 1824 from the provinces of West Prussia and East Prussia, and was dissolved in 1878 when the merger was reversed.

Königsberg (present-day Kaliningrad, Russia) was the provincial capital.
Archibald Campbell (Australian politician)
Archibald Campbell (1834 – 14 December 1903) was a Scottish-born Australian politician.

He was born near Inverness to farmer Ewen Campbell and Margaret McLean. The family migrated to New South Wales in 1838. Campbell worked on the family farm at Gerringong, and in 1855 went to the Ballarat goldfields and then the Lachlan. He was part-owner of the Illawarra Mercury, and president of many local boards and societies. In 1891 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly as the member for Illawarra. A Free Trader, he held the seat until his death in Wollongong in 1903. His brother Alexander was the member for neighbouring Kiama from 1894 to 1904.

Free Trade Party
The Free Trade Party (FTP), officially known as the Free Trade and Liberal Association and also referred to as the Revenue Tariff Party in some states, was an Australian political party. It was formally organised in 1887 in New South Wales, in time for the 1887 New South Wales colonial election, which the party won.

The party advocated the abolition of protectionism, especially protective tariffs and other restrictions on trade, arguing that this would create greater prosperity for all. However, many members also advocated use of minimal tariffs for government revenue purposes only. Its most prominent leader was George Reid, who led the Reid government as the fourth Prime Minister of Australia (1904–1905).

In New South Wales, it was succeeded by the Liberal and Reform Association in 1902, and federally by the Anti-Socialist Party in 1906. In 1909, the Anti-Socialist Party merged with the Protectionist Party to form the Liberal Party.
Maicol Azzolini
Maicol Azzolini (Pesaro, 15 October 1995) is an Italian rugby union player.
His usual position is as a Fly-Half and he currently plays for Pesaro Rugby in Italian Serie A, after the experience with Fiamme Oro.

In 2015–16 Pro12 and 2016–17 Pro12, he named like Additional Player for Zebre in Pro 14. and in 2017–18 Pro14 and 2018–19 Pro14 seasons, he played for Zebre in Pro 14.

From 2013 to 2015 Azzolini was named in the Italy Under 20 squad and from 2016 to 2018, he also was named in the Emerging Italy squad.

2017–18 Pro14
The 2017–18 PRO14 (also known as the Guinness PRO14 for sponsorship reasons) was the seventeenth season of the professional rugby union competition originally known as the Celtic League. It is the first season to be referred to as the Guinness PRO14 Championship, with the addition of two South African teams.

Fourteen teams competed in this season — four Irish teams: Connacht, Leinster, Munster and Ulster; two Italian teams: Benetton and Zebre; two Scottish teams: Edinburgh and Glasgow Warriors; two South African teams: Cheetahs and the Southern Kings; and four Welsh teams: Cardiff Blues, Dragons, Ospreys and Scarlets.

Scarlets came into the new season as defending champions, and for the second season reached the PRO14 final. Leinster, however, won the final at the Aviva Stadium to take their fifth title in the competition's various iterations, and seal a domestic league and European Cup double, only the sixth team to do so, and the first from the PRO14 Championship.
Loch Dhu
Loch Dhu is a house in northwestern Berkeley County, South Carolina about 7 mi (11 km) east of Eutawville, South Carolina. It was built around 1812–1816.  It is located close to Lake Marion about 1.3 miles (2.1 km) north of South Carolina Route 6 on Loch Dhu Lane. It was named to the National Register of Historic Places on July 13, 1977.

South Carolina Highway 6
South Carolina Highway 6 (SC 6) is a 116.092-mile (186.832 km) primary state highway in the U.S. state of South Carolina. It extends from US 76 in Ballentine to US 52/SC 6 Truck in Moncks Corner. It uniquely links all three of the major hydropower projects in South Carolina: Lake Murray, Lake Marion, and Lake Moultrie.
Damiano Pippi
Damiano Pippi (born 23 August 1971 in Castiglione del Lago) is a former volleyball player from Italy who won the silver medal with the Italian men's national team at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens.

Castiglione del Lago
Castiglione del Lago is a town in the province of Perugia of Umbria (central Italy), on the southwest corner of Lake Trasimeno.  Orvieto is 59 km (37 mi) south, Chiusi is 21 km (13 mi) to the south west, Arezzo is 56 km (35 mi) to the north west, Cortona is 21 km (13 mi) to the north, and Perugia is 47 km (29 mi) to the south east.
Poseidon and the Bitter Bug
Poseidon and the Bitter Bug is the 11th studio album by Indigo Girls, released on March 24, 2009 by Vanguard Records. The title is drawn from lines in tracks "Fleet of Hope" and "Second Time Around" – "You're all washed up when Poseidon has his day" and "I've been bitten by the bitter bug."

As of 2010 album has sold 70,000 copies in US.

Amy Ray
Amy Elizabeth Ray (born April 12, 1964) is an American singer-songwriter and member of the contemporary folk duo Indigo Girls with Emily Saliers. She also pursues a solo career, releasing ten albums under her own name, and founded the independent label Daemon Records in 1989. Ray is known for her alto and tenor range, and plays both electric and acoustic guitar, as well as mandolin and harmonica.
Cao Mai
Cao Mai (traditional Chinese: 曹勱; simplified Chinese: 曹劢; Pinyin: Cáo Mài; died 1 December 358) was the Prince of Chenliu, the second known holder of that title during the Jin dynasty. A great-great grandson of Cao Cao, a warlord and regent of the late Eastern Han dynasty period of Chinese history, he was given the title Prince of Chenliu in the winter of 326 during the reign of Emperor Cheng of Jin, as recorded in the official history Book of Jin. The first Prince of Chenliu was Cao Huan (246-302), the final emperor of the Cao Wei dynasty of Three Kingdom period who was given the title after having been deposed by Sima Yan, Emperor Wu of Jin. The successor of Cao Huan has not been recorded, making Cao Mai the second known bearer of that title during the Jin dynasty, and the first holder during the Eastern Jin dynasty.

Cao Mai died on 1 December 358 during the reign of Emperor Mu of Jin, and was succeeded on 24 November 363 by his son, Cao Hui, during the reign of Emperor Ai of Jin.

Emperor Mu of Jin
Emperor Mu of Jin (simplified Chinese: 晋穆帝; traditional Chinese: 晉穆帝; pinyin: Jìn Mù Dì; Wade–Giles: Chin Mu-ti; 343 – July 10, 361), personal name Sima Dan (司馬聃), courtesy name Pengzi (彭子), was an emperor of the Eastern Jin Dynasty.  While he "reigned" 17 years, most of these years were as a child, with the actual power in such figures as his mother Empress Chu Suanzi, He Chong, his granduncle Sima Yu the Prince of Kuaiji, Yin Hao, and Huan Wen.  It was during his reign that Jin's territory temporarily expanded to its greatest extent since the fall of northern China to Han-Zhao, as Huan destroyed Cheng-Han and added its territory to Jin's, and Later Zhao's collapse allowed Jin to regain most of the territory south of the Yellow River.
Strategy and Tactics of the ANC
Strategy and Tactics of the ANC is a foundational policy document of the African National Congress (ANC), first adopted at the organisation's 1st National Consultative Conference in Tanzania in 1969. It provides an ideological framework and strategic guide for achieving the ANC's objective of a National Democratic Revolution (NDR).

In the wake of the ANC's banning in 1960, its leadership in exile convened a consultative conference in Morogoro, where Strategy and Tactics was adopted to chart a unified path for the liberation movement. The document was particularly aimed at reconciling the political and military strategies of the ANC and its armed wing, Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK), formed in 1961.

Tripartite Alliance
The Tripartite Alliance is an alliance between the African National Congress (ANC), the Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU) and the South African Communist Party (SACP). The ANC holds a plurality in the South African parliament, while the SACP and COSATU have not contested any democratic election in South Africa.

The Alliance was forged in 1990 after the release of Nelson Mandela. The movements were opposed to white minority rule by the apartheid government. The Tripartite Alliance is also known as the Revolutionary Alliance or just the Alliance.
Lee County
Lee County is the name of twelve counties in the United States:

Lee County, Alabama

Lee County, Arkansas

Lee County, Florida

Lee County, Georgia

Lee County, Illinois

Lee County, Iowa

Lee County, Kentucky

Lee County, Mississippi

Lee County, North Carolina

Lee County, South Carolina

Lee County, Texas

Lee County, Virginia

Lee County, North Carolina
Lee County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 63,285. The county seat is Sanford.

Lee County comprises the Sanford, NC Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is a part of the Raleigh-Durham-Cary, NC Combined Statistical Area, which had an estimated population of 2,368,947 in 2023.
Monkey (band)
Monkey is a third wave ska band based in the San Francisco Bay Area. Their musical influences include the Skatalites, Prince Buster, the Specials, and non-ska artists such as: Elvis Costello, David Byrne and Tito Puente. Monkey has released six albums. The first two were independent releases, and the next three were on Asian Man Records. Their sixth album was released by SquidHat Records. Monkey’s debut album ¡Changito! was listed as San Jose's Best Independent Release for 1998. They have toured the United States, Canada, Mexico, Europe, and the United Kingdom, and have earned several nominations and awards, including winning the California Music Award (Bammie) in 1999.

Monkey's music can also be heard on several compilations, as well as movie and video game soundtracks.

Tito Puente
Ernest Anthony Puente Jr. (April 20, 1923 – May 31, 2000), commonly known as Tito Puente, was an American musician, songwriter, bandleader, timbalero, and record producer. He composed dance-oriented mambo and Latin jazz music. He was also known as “El Rey de los Timbales,” or “The King of the Timbales.”

Puente and his music have appeared in films including The Mambo Kings and Fernando Trueba's Calle 54. He guest-starred on television shows, including Sesame Street and The Simpsons episode "Who Shot Mr. Burns?".
Upton (automobile)
The Upton Motor Company of Lebanon, Pennsylvania, was manufacturer of the Upton automobile, a five-passenger Touring Car. The company was founded in 1904 and ended production in 1907.

This was the second automobile named Upton. The first was produced from 1900 to 1904 in Beverly, Massachusetts by the same designer, Colcord Upton and had similar features.

Beverly, Massachusetts
Beverly is a city in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States, and a suburb of Boston. The population was 42,670 at the time of the 2020 United States census. A resort, residential, and manufacturing community on the Massachusetts North Shore, Beverly includes Ryal Side, North Beverly, Centerville, Cove, Montserrat, Beverly Farms and Prides Crossing. Beverly is a rival of Marblehead for the title of "birthplace of the U.S. Navy".
2-oxoglutarate decarboxylase
The enzyme 2-oxoglutarate decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.71) catalyzes the chemical reaction: 2-oxoglutarate  succinate semialdehyde + CO2

This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically the carboxy-lyases, which cleave carbon-carbon bonds.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is 2-oxoglutarate carboxy-lyase (succinate-semialdehyde-forming). Other names in common use include oxoglutarate decarboxylase, alpha-ketoglutarate decarboxylase, alpha-ketoglutaric decarboxylase, oxoglutarate decarboxylase, pre-2-oxoglutarate decarboxylase, and 2-oxoglutarate carboxy-lyase.  It employs one cofactor, thiamin diphosphate.

Lyase
In biochemistry, a lyase is an enzyme that catalyzes the breaking (an elimination reaction) of various chemical bonds by means other than hydrolysis (a substitution reaction) and oxidation, often forming a new double bond or a new ring structure. The reverse reaction is also possible (called a Michael reaction). For example, an enzyme that catalyzed this reaction would be a lyase:

ATP → cAMP + PPi

Lyases differ from other enzymes in that they require only one substrate for the reaction in one direction, but two substrates for the reverse reaction.
Oracle Application Development Framework
Oracle Application Development Framework, usually called Oracle ADF, is a development tool by Oracle Corporation that provides a Java framework for building enterprise applications. It provides visual and declarative approaches to Java EE development. It supports rapid application development based on ready-to-use design patterns, metadata-driven and visual tools.

Enterprise software
Enterprise software, also known as enterprise application software (EAS), is computer software that has been specially developed or adapted to meet the complex requirements of larger organizations. Enterprise software is an integral part of a computer-based information system, handling a number of business operations, for example to enhance business and management reporting tasks, or support production operations and back office functions. Enterprise systems must process information at a relatively high speed.

Services provided by enterprise software are typically business-oriented tools. As companies and other organizations have similar departments and systems, enterprise software is often available as a suite of customizable programs. Function-specific enterprise software uses include database management, customer relationship management, supply chain management and business process management.
Tomaso Cecchino
Tomaso Cecchino (c. 1583 – 31 August 1644) was an Italian composer active in Croatia.

Cecchino was born in Soave. After attending the school of acolytes in Verona, he moved in 1603 to Dalmatia, where for a time he was in charge of the music in Split Cathedral. He held this post until 1607, and returned to it in 1613, probably at the invitation of Bishop Marcantonio de Dominis. In December 1614, he left Split to become director of music in Hvar Cathedral, where he remained for the rest of his life. In Hvar, he raised the standard of music to previously unattained heights.

Cecchino contributed significantly to the diffusion of the monodic style of music in Dalmatia. His works were known primarily in Germany and other countries of western Europe, where they appeared in several printed collections of music. The composer Michael Praetorius refers to him in the third volume of his Syntagma musicum.

Michael Praetorius
Michael Praetorius (probably 28 September 1571 – 15 February 1621) was a German composer, organist, and music theorist. He was one of the most versatile composers of his age, being particularly significant in the development of musical forms based on Protestant hymns.
Grotella parvipuncta
Grotella parvipuncta is a moth in the genus Grotella, of the family Noctuidae. The species was first described by William Barnes and James Halliday McDunnough in 1912. This moth species is found in North America, including New Mexico, its type location.

The wingspan is about 22 mm.

James Halliday McDunnough
James Halliday McDunnough (10 May 1877 – 23 February 1962) was a Canadian linguist, musician, and entomologist best known for his work with North American Lepidoptera, but who also made important contributions about North American Ephemeroptera.
Gymnodinium
Gymnodinium is a genus of dinoflagellates, a type of marine and freshwater plankton. It is one of the few naked dinoflagellates, or species lacking armor known as cellulosic plates. Since 2000, the species which had been considered to be part of Gymnodinium have been divided into several genera, based on the nature of the apical groove and partial LSU rDNA sequence data. Amphidinium was redefined later. Gymnodinium belong to red dinoflagellates that, in concentration, can cause red tides. The red tides produced by some Gymnodinium, such as Gymnodinium catenatum, are toxic and pose risks to marine and human life, including paralytic shellfish poisoning.

Paralytic shellfish poisoning
Paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) is one of the four recognized syndromes of shellfish poisoning, which share some common features and are primarily associated with bivalve mollusks (such as mussels, clams, oysters and scallops). These shellfish are filter feeders and accumulate neurotoxins, chiefly saxitoxin, produced by microscopic algae, such as dinoflagellates, diatoms, and cyanobacteria. Dinoflagellates of the genus Alexandrium are the most numerous and widespread saxitoxin producers and are responsible for PSP blooms in subarctic, temperate, and tropical locations. The majority of toxic blooms have been caused by the morphospecies Alexandrium catenella, Alexandrium tamarense, Gonyaulax catenella and Alexandrium fundyense, which together comprise the A. tamarense species complex. In Asia, PSP is mostly associated with the occurrence of the species Pyrodinium bahamense.

Some pufferfish, including the chamaeleon puffer, also contain saxitoxin, making their consumption hazardous.
Adam Markhiyev
Adam Umarovich Markhiyev (Russian: Адам Умарович Мархиев; born 17 March 2002) is a professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for German 2. Bundesliga club 1. FC Nürnberg. Born in Russia, he represents the Finland national team.

2024 Latvian Higher League
The 2024 Latvian Higher League, known as the TonyBet Virslīga for sponsorship reasons, was the 33rd season of top-tier football in Latvia. The season began on 8 March 2024 and ended on 9 November.

The winners (RFS, their second consecutive title win and third overall) qualified for the 2025–26 Champions League first qualifying round. The runners-up (Riga) qualified for the 2025–26 Conference League second qualifying round, with the third and fifth-placed teams (Auda and Daugavpils) qualifying for the first qualifying round. The ninth-placed team (Grobiņa) qualified for the Latvian Higher League play-off, winning and retaining their place in the league. The fourth-placed team (Valmiera) were relegated to the 2025 Latvian Second League at the end of the season after being refused both Latvian Higher League and Latvian First League licenses, giving a reprieve to the bottom-placed team (Jelgava).
Starksia williamsi
Starksia williamsi, the Williams's blenny is a species of labrisomid blenny known only from the Saba Bank in the Netherlands Antilles where it occurs at depths of from 15 to 28 m (49 to 92 ft).  It was previously known as Starksia lepicoelia, and is also closely related to Starksia weigti and Starksia robertsoni. It was named after Jeffrey T. Williams, a scientist from Smithsonian's National Museum of Natural History known for his work on Starksia. This species can reach a length of 2.1 cm (0.83 in). The specific name honours the ichthyologist Jeffrey T. Williams of the National Museum of Natural History who has worked extensively on the blenniiform fishes.

Blennioidei
Blennies (from the Greek ἡ βλέννα and τό βλέννος, mucus, slime) are a diverse clade of ray-finned fish in the suborder Blennioidei of the percomorph order Blenniiformes. They inhabit marine, brackish, and occasionally freshwater habitats, and generally share similar morphology and behaviour. About 151 genera and nearly 900 species have been described within the order.
Spialia mafa
Spialia mafa, the Mafa grizzled skipper or Mafa sandman, is a butterfly of the family Hesperiidae. It is found in south-western Africa, in KwaZulu-Natal, Botswana, Zimbabwe and from the Cape in South Africa to Sudan and southern Arabia.

These skippers are dark brown with white spots and both sides of the wings.

Wingspan is from 22–26 mm.

Flight period is year-round but peaks from September to April.

The larvae feed on Hermannia, Pavonia and Hibiscus species (including Hibiscus aethiopicus).

Pavonia (plant)
Pavonia is a genus of flowering plants in the mallow family, Malvaceae. The generic name honours Spanish botanist José Antonio Pavón Jiménez (1754–1844), as chosen by his contemporary, Spanish botanist Antonio José Cavanilles. Several species are known as swampmallows.