hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
IDL-Reporteros
IDL-Reporteros is an online newspaper based in Lima, Peru, that specializes in investigative journalism against corruption in Peru and to promote transparency with the nation. Since its founding, the newspaper has initiated over 500 investigations throughout Peru. The site has also been awarded both nationally and internationally for its coverage of investigations dedicated against corruption.

Corruption in Peru
Corruption in Peru is a serious concern for the nation. On Transparency International's 2024 Corruption Perceptions Index, Peru scored 31 on a scale from 0 ("highly corrupt") to 100 ("very clean"). When ranked by score, Peru ranked 127th among the 180 countries in the Index, where the country ranked first is perceived to have the most honest public sector. For comparison with regional scores, the best score among the countries of the Americas was 76, the average score was 42 and the worst score was 10. For comparison with worldwide scores, the best score was 90 (ranked 1), the average score was 43, and the worst score was 8 (ranked 180).

According to the 2021 AmericasBarometer survey of the Latin American Public Opinion Project (LAPOP), 88% of Peruvians believe that half to all politicians in the nation are corrupt, the highest percentage in Latin America according to the study.
Mick Clough
Ralph James "Mick" Clough (22 October 1927 – 12 August 2008) was an Australian politician. He was a Labor Party Member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly from 1976 to 1981, representing the electorate of Blue Mountains and representing the electorate of Bathurst from 1981 to 1988 and again from 1991 to 1999.

Electoral district of Bathurst
Bathurst is an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales. It is represented by Paul Toole of the  
Nationals.

Bathurst is a regional electorate that encompasses the entirety of the local government areas of Bathurst Region, the City of Lithgow, Blayney Shire, Oberon Shire plus the southern part of Mid-Western Regional Council (including Rylstone, Kandos and Ilford).
Michael Zhang
Michael Zhang (Zhang Xiaoquan) is the Irwin and Joan Jacobs Chair Professor at the School of Economics and Management, Tsinghua University. He was previously the Associate Dean of Innovation and Impact and Professor of Decision Sciences and Managerial Economics at the Business School, Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK). He serves as an editor at Information Systems Research and at Management Science.

Chinese University of Hong Kong
The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) is a public university in Sha Tin, New Territories, Hong Kong.

Established in 1963 as a federation of three colleges – Chung Chi College, New Asia College, and United College, it is Hong Kong's second-oldest university, with the first being the University of Hong Kong. Predecessors of the university included St. John's University, Lingnan University and Yenching University, alongside 10 other Christian universities in China.

The university is organised into nine constituent colleges and eight academic faculties, and remains the only collegiate university in Hong Kong. The university operates in both English and Chinese.

Four Nobel laureates are associated with the university, and it is the only tertiary institution in Hong Kong with recipients of the Nobel Prize, Turing Award, Fields Medal, and Veblen Prize sitting as faculty in residence.
Battle of Zelengora
The Battle of Zelengora was the final battle between the Partisans and the Chetniks that was fought between 12 and 13 May 1945. At the time of the battle, World War II in Europe had already officially ended and Partisan units had reorganized into the Yugoslav Army. Chetnik forces attempted to reach Serbia from Bosnia, through Zelengora, Drina and Sandžak. The Partisans prevented their attempt by creating a "buffer zone" in the area around River Bosna-Kalinovik-Motajica-Travnik. The Partisans were ultimately victorious, inflicting heavy losses to the Chetniks, who were de facto destroyed as a movement.

People's Defence Corps of Yugoslavia
The People's Defence Corps of Yugoslavia or KNOJ (Serbo-Croatian: Korpus narodne odbrane Jugoslavije, Macedonian: Корпус на народна одбрана Југославија, Slovene: Korpus narodne obrambe Jugoslavije), was a corps of the Yugoslav Partisans in charge of internal security of liberated territories during World War II in Yugoslavia and later the territory of Communist Yugoslavia.
New Kömürhan Bridge
The New Kömürhan Bridge is a cable-stayed bridge that carries the Elazığ-Malatya highway D.300 over the Karakaya Dam Lake on Euphrates River in eastern Turkey. The bridge is situated between Malatya and Elazığ Provinces.

Construction began in 2014 and the new bridge was officially opened on 2 January 2021. The New Kömürhan Bridge replaced an older box-girder bridge built between 23 February 1983 and 8 April 1986 by the STFA Group.

It is ranked as the world’s 4th longest single-pylon cable-stayed bridge with its 380 m (1,250 ft) centre span.

Karakaya Dam
The Karakaya Dam is one of the 21 dams of the Southeastern Anatolia Project of Turkey, built on the Euphrates River and completed in 1987. The hydroelectric dam generates power with six units of 300 MW, totalling the installed capacity to 1,800 MW.
165 Loreley
165 Loreley is a large main-belt asteroid that was discovered by C. H. F. Peters on August 9, 1876, in Clinton, New York and named after the Lorelei, a figure in German folklore. It is orbiting the Sun at a distance of 3.125 AU and a low eccentricity of 0.08. The orbital plane is inclined at an angle of 11.2° to the plane of the ecliptic.

In the late 1990s, a network of astronomers worldwide gathered light curve data that was ultimately used to derive the spin states and shape models of 10 new asteroids, including (165) Loreley. The light curve of this asteroid varies by no more than 0.2 in magnitude, while the derived shape model shows multiple flat spots on the surface. The asteroid has an oblate shape with a size ratio of 1.26 ± 0.08 between the major and minor axes, as determined from the W. M. Keck Observatory.

Between 2003 and 2021, 165 Loreley has been observed to occult thirteen stars.

Occultation
An occultation is an event that occurs when one object is hidden from the observer by another object that passes between them. The term is often used in astronomy, but can also refer to any situation in which an object in the foreground blocks from view (occults) an object in the background. In this general sense, occultation applies to the visual scene observed from low-flying aircraft (or computer-generated imagery) when foreground objects obscure distant objects dynamically, as the scene changes over time.

If the closer body does not entirely conceal the farther one, the event is called a transit. Both transit and occultation may be referred to generally as occlusion; and if a shadow is cast onto the observer, it is called an eclipse.

The symbol for an occultation, and especially a solar eclipse, is  (U+1F775 🝵).
Fursuit
Fursuits are custom-made anthropomorphic animal costumes owned and worn by cosplayers and members of the furry fandom, commonly known as "furries"; a furry who wears a fursuit is called a fursuiter. The term is believed to have been coined in 1993 by Robert King. Unlike mascot suits, which are usually affiliated with a team or organization, fursuits most commonly represent an original character created by their wearer, and are often better-fitting and more intricately crafted, with features such as a moving jaw. Fursuits are made in a wide range of styles, from cartoonish to highly realistic.

Cartoon
A cartoon is a type of visual art that is typically drawn, frequently animated, in an unrealistic or semi-realistic style. The specific meaning has evolved, but the modern usage usually refers to either: an image or series of images intended for satire, caricature, or humor; or a motion picture that relies on a sequence of illustrations for its animation. Someone who creates cartoons in the first sense is called a cartoonist, and in the second sense they are usually called an animator.

The concept originated in the Middle Ages, and first described a preparatory drawing for a piece of art, such as a painting, fresco, tapestry, or stained glass window. In the 19th century, beginning in Punch magazine in 1843, cartoon came to refer – ironically at first – to humorous artworks in magazines and newspapers. Then it also was used for political cartoons and comic strips. When the medium developed, in the early 20th century, it began to refer to animated films that resembled print cartoons.
Rich Christensen
Rich Christensen is an American television producer from New Hampton, IA. Christensen went to school at the University of Northern Iowa. He is best known as the creator, lead executive producer and host of the racing shows Pinks and Pinks: All Out, the number two and three shows on the Speed Channel.

University of Northern Iowa
The University of Northern Iowa (UNI) is a public university in Cedar Falls, Iowa, United States. UNI offers more than 90 majors across five colleges. The fall 2025 total enrollment was 9,204 students.

The university was initially founded in 1876 as the Iowa State Normal School with the purpose of training school teachers and educators. The University of Northern Iowa is one of three public universities in Iowa, all of which are governed by the Iowa Board of Regents.
Slidell station
Slidell station is an Amtrak intercity train station in Slidell, Louisiana, served by the daily Crescent train. It was built in 1913 for the use of the New Orleans and Northeastern and the New Orleans Great Northern Railroads. Slidell was first established in 1881 as a construction camp for the NO&NE. The station is served by one daily Amtrak train.

The Norfolk Southern Railway, successor to the NO&NE, donated the depot to the city in 1996.  It was substantially renovated with a grant from the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development with funds received from the federal government under the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991. It currently houses an art gallery, the Slidell Cultural Center, and an American-style hamburger restaurant named Times Grill.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1996 as New Orleans and Northeastern–New Orleans and Great Northern Railroad Depot.

Crescent (train)
The Crescent is a daily long-distance passenger train operated by Amtrak between New York City and New Orleans (the "Crescent City"). The 1,377-mile (2,216 km) route connects the Northeast to the Gulf Coast via the Appalachian Piedmont, with major stops in Charlotte, North Carolina; Atlanta, Georgia; and Birmingham, Alabama.

Most of the route of the Crescent is on the Norfolk Southern Railway. It is the successor to the Southern Crescent, introduced in 1970 by Norfolk Southern's predecessor, the Southern Railway.
John A. McDougall
John A. McDougall (May 17, 1947 – June 22, 2024) was an American physician and author. He wrote a number of diet books advocating the consumption of a low-fat vegan diet based on starchy foods and vegetables.

His eponymous diet, called The McDougall Plan, was a New York Times bestseller. It has been categorized as a low-fat fad diet. The diet rejects all animal products as well as cooking oils, processed food, alcoholic beverages and caffeinated drinks. As with any restrictive low-fat diet, it may lead to flatulence, possibly poor mineral absorption from excess fiber, and limited food choices that may lead to a feeling of deprivation.

Vegetable oil
Vegetable oils, or vegetable fats, are oils extracted from seeds or from other parts of edible plants. Like animal fats, vegetable fats are mixtures of triglycerides. Soybean oil, canola oil, grapeseed oil, and cocoa butter are examples of seed oils, or fats from seeds. Olive oil, palm oil, and rice bran oil are examples of fats from other parts of plants. In common usage, vegetable oil may refer exclusively to vegetable fats which are liquid at room temperature. Vegetable oils are usually edible and are generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
2018 Jiangxi International Women's Tennis Open
The 2018 Jiangxi International Women's Tennis Open was a professional women's tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the fifth edition of the tournament, and part of the International category of the 2018 WTA Tour. It took place in Nanchang, China, from July 23 until July 29, 2018. Second-seeded Wang Qiang won the singles title.

Zheng Wushuang
Zheng Wushuang (Chinese: 郑妩双; pinyin: Zhèng Wǔshuāng; Mandarin pronunciation: [ʈʂə̂ŋ ù ʂwáŋ]; born 29 November 1998) is a Chinese professional tennis player.

She has a career-high singles ranking by the WTA of 241, achieved on 24 May 2025. On 7 April 2025, she peaked at No. 137 in the WTA doubles rankings.

On the ITF Junior Circuit, Zheng reached a combined career-high ranking of 13 in January 2016. Playing for China in the Billie Jean King Cup, she has a win-loss record of 2–2 (as of July 2024).

Zheng made her WTA Tour main-draw debut at the 2016 Jiangxi International Women's Tennis Open, where she received a wildcard into the singles tournament.
Exercise Northern Strike
Exercise Northern Strike is a military readiness exercise hosted annually at Michigan National Guard facilities, including the Alpena CRTC, Camp Grayling Joint Maneuver Training Center, Grayling Aerial Gunnery Range, the Carmeuse Calcite Quarry in Rogers City, the former site of K.I. Sawyer Air Force Base as well as over the skies of northern Michigan and Lake Huron.

The air operations will take place at Alpena Combat Readiness Training Center (ACRTC) & use the Grayling Air Gunnery Range, while live-fire exercises involving small arms, mortars, artillery and aerial munitions will take place at the Camp Grayling range complex. Simulated-fire phases utilise the Carmeuse Calcite Quarry area during Exercise Northern Strike.

Northern Strike is one of the United States Department of Defense's largest annual joint, reserve component readiness exercise. The exercise is sponsored by the National Guard Bureau.

K. I. Sawyer Air Force Base
K. I. Sawyer Air Force Base is a decommissioned United States Air Force (USAF) installation in Marquette County, Michigan, south of the city of Marquette. Near the center of Michigan's Upper Peninsula, the base operated for nearly forty years and closed in 1995. The county airport, Marquette Sawyer Regional Airport, now occupies a portion of the base and has scheduled airline flights and some general aviation activity.

The area of the former base is now an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) for statistical purposes. The CDP is known as K. I. Sawyer and had a population of 3,064 at the 2020 census, up from 2,624 in 2010. It is located within Forsyth Township and West Branch Township about 16 miles (25.7 km) south of the city of Marquette.
Greatest Hits Live (Take That)
Greatest Hits Live (also known as Odyssey Live) was the eleventh concert tour by the English band Take That, in support of their greatest hits album, Odyssey (2018). The tour began in Sheffield, England at FlyDSA Arena on 12 April 2019, and ended on 8 September 2019, in Gibraltar  at Victoria Stadium, consisting of 53 shows.

Victoria Stadium, Gibraltar
Victoria Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Gibraltar. It is currently used mostly for football matches, but also hosts the annual Gibraltar Music Festival. It is located close to Gibraltar Airport just off Winston Churchill Avenue. It was named after the wife of Gibraltarian philanthropist John Mackintosh.
Ox tax
Ox Tax (Hungarian: ököradó) is a tax of the Szeklers of Transylvania in medieval Hungarian law. When a boy was born by the Queen, the "pedestrian" i.e. footsoldier Székelys had to contribute for the treasury one ox after every six oxen of theirs. When Louis II of Hungary was born in 1506, the Szeklers refused to pay this tax, therefore, king Vladislas II of Hungary sent Pál Tomori to Transylvania in order to collect the tax, but his troops were beaten at Marosvásárhely (Romanian: Târgu Mureş) by the Szeklers.

Pál Tomori
Pál Tomori (c. 1475 – 29 August 1526) was a Catholic monk and archbishop of Kalocsa, Hungary. He defeated an Ottoman army near Sremska Mitrovica (Hungarian: Szávaszentdemeter-Nagyolaszi) in 1523.

Pál Tomori was commander-in-chief of the Hungarian army several times, and in that capacity was killed in action during the battle of Mohács on the 29th of August 1526.
Sunrise (Uriah Heep song)
Sunrise is a song by the British rock band Uriah Heep, originally released on their fifth studio album, The Magician's Birthday, in 1972. The song was written by Ken Hensley and sung by David Byron. The song is considered one of the band's classics, and it also became famous for its live performances in late 1972 and 1973. It was included, as the opening track, on the band's first ever live album, Uriah Heep Live, in 1973.
The song was recorded and mixed at Lansdowne Studios, London, in September 1972, and released on The Magician's Birthday in November of the same year. The song is also the B-side of the single "Spider Woman".

Lansdowne House (Holland Park)
Lansdowne House is a Grade II listed eight-storey building on Lansdowne Road, Holland Park in London, constructed in 1902–04 by Scottish architect William Flockhart, for South African mining magnate Sir Edmund Davis. The building contained apartments and artists' workshops. Among the artists who had studios in the building in the early decades of the 20th century were Charles Ricketts, Charles Haslewood Shannon, Glyn Philpot, Vivian Forbes, James Pryde, and Frederick Cayley Robinson, who are commemorated on a blue plaque on the building.

Since 1923, the building has undergone a number of alterations and eventually consisted of 13 self-contained apartments plus a very large basement. Lansdowne House was Grade II listed in 1969.
James Campbell (footballer, born 1869)
James Paterson Campbell (29 March 1869 – 20 April 1938) was a Scottish footballer who played for Kilmarnock and Scotland, mainly as a centre forward, though he could also play at centre half. He won the Scottish Football League's Division Two title twice (1897–98 and 1898–99), and played in the 1898 Scottish Cup Final which Kilmarnock lost to Rangers; in the previous season's competition he had scored 27 goals in 13 matches as they reached the semi-finals.

1897–98 Scottish Cup
The 1897–98 Scottish Cup was the 25th season of Scotland's most prestigious football knockout competition. The cup was won by holders Rangers when they beat first-time finalists Kilmarnock 2–0 in the final at the second Hampden Park for a third victory in the competition. This was the first time the trophy had been retained since Queen's Park did so in 1882.
Alice Mangione
Alice Mangione (born 19 January 1997) is an Italian sprinter, specialising in the 400 metres. She competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics in the 4 × 400 m relay and 4 × 400 m mixed relay.

Mangione also competed at the 2024 Summer Olympics in the 400 m, 4 × 400 m relay and 4 × 400 m mixed relay.

Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's 4 × 400 metres relay
The women's 4 × 400 metres relay at the 2020 Summer Olympics was held over two rounds at the Japan National Stadium in Tokyo, Japan, on 5 and 7 August 2021. There were 16 competing relay teams, with each team having at least 5 members from which 4 were selected in each round.
Coumestan
Coumestan is a heterocyclic organic compound.  Coumestan forms the central core of a variety of natural compounds known collectively as coumestans.  Coumestans are oxidation products of pterocarpan that are similar to coumarin.  Coumestans, including coumestrol, a phytoestrogen, are found in a variety of plants. Food sources high in coumestans include split peas, pinto beans, lima beans, and especially alfalfa and clover sprouts.

Coumestrol has a similar binding affinity for the ER-β estrogen receptor as 17β-estradiol, but much less affinity than 17α-estradiol, although the estrogenic potency of coumestrol at both receptors is much less than that of 17β-estradiol.

Because of the estrogenic activity of some coumestans, a variety of syntheses have been developed that allow the preparation of coumestans so that their pharmacological effects can be explored.

Heterocyclic compound
A heterocyclic compound or ring structure is a hydrocarbon-based cyclic compound that contains at least one heteroatom as member(s) of its ring(s). Heterocyclic organic chemistry is the branch of organic chemistry dealing with the synthesis, properties, and applications of organic heterocycles.

Examples of heterocyclic compounds include all of the nucleic acids, the majority of drugs, most biomass (cellulose and related materials), and many natural and synthetic dyes.  More than half of known compounds are heterocycles.  59% of US FDA-approved drugs contain nitrogen heterocycles.
Akçadağ Holding
Akçadağ Holding (Akçadağ Grup in Turkish) is a holding company in Turkey with businesses in construction, energy, mining and telecoms. It is a family business owned by Yavuz Akçadağ. In 2025 they bought Çayırhan power station from the government for 20 billion lira.

Turkish lira
The lira (Turkish: Türk lirası; sign: ₺; ISO 4217 code: TRY; abbreviation: TL) is the official currency of Turkey. It is also legal tender in the de facto state of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. One lira is divided into one hundred kuruş. The First Turkish lira could be further subdivided, where one kuruş was equal to 40 para.

The current lira is the Second Turkish lira, having succeeded the first Turkish lira in 2005 which in turn succeeded the Ottoman lira in 1923. Since 2018 the Turkish lira has been in crisis, having plummeted in value following Turkish president Erdoğan's economic and political policies.
Peter F. Armistead Sr. House
The Peter F. Armistead Sr. House is a historic residence near Florence, Alabama.  The land was purchased by Peter Fontaine Armistead in 1818, with the house built around 1825.  The exterior is a near copy of Armistead's home in Culpeper County, Virginia, "Glen Ella".  Thomas S. Broadfoot purchased the house in 1877, who sold it to Howard Wright in 1935.  The house underwent restoration in the 1970s.  The house is five bays wide, with steps leading up to a narrow, flat-roofed entry portico.  There are three dormer windows protruding from the gable roof on the front and rear.  The interior is laid out in a double-pile configuration, with a parlor behind the front stair hall.  A kitchen wing was added to the northwest rear in the 1970s.  The house was listed on the Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage in 1978 and the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.

Central-passage house
The central-passage house, also known variously as central hall plan house, center-hall house, hall-passage-parlor house, Williamsburg cottage, and Tidewater-type cottage, was a vernacular, or folk form, house type from the colonial period onward into the 19th century in the United States.
Judy Bentinck
Judith Ann Bentinck, Countess of Portland, Countess Bentinck und Waldeck Limpurg (née Emerson; born 10 October 1952 in Newcastle-Under-Lyme) is a couture milliner based in Central London. She is married to fellow actor Tim Bentinck, Earl of Portland.

Newcastle-under-Lyme
Newcastle-under-Lyme is a market town and the administrative centre of the Borough of Newcastle-under-Lyme in Staffordshire, England. It is adjacent to the city of Stoke-on-Trent. At the 2021 census, the population was 75,082.

Newcastle grew up in the twelfth century around the castle which gave the town its name, and received its first charter in 1173. The town's early industries included millinery, silk weaving, and coal mining, but despite its proximity to the Potteries it did not develop a ceramics trade.