hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mahmoud Etemadzadeh
Mahmoud Etemadzadeh or Mahmoud Eʼtemadzadeh (Persian: محمود اعتمادزاده; 14 January 1915 – 31 May 2006 in Rasht, Iran), also known as M. A. Beh-azin (Persian: م.ا. به‌آذین), was an Iranian writer, literary translator, Navy Lieutenant, and political activist.

Behazin translated a large number of modern Western classics and some works by Shakespeare and Goethe. He was a member of the Tudeh Party. A group of his younger contemporaries recently provided a review of his work and life on the occasion of his centennial.

Behazin is highly regarded by literary circles in Iran for his quality and command of the Persian language and the resulting beauty and honesty of his translations into Persian of Western literary works.

Tudeh Party of Iran
The Tudeh Party of Iran is an Iranian Marxist-Leninist communist party. Formed in 1941 with Soleiman Mirza Eskandari as its leader, the organization held significant influence in its early years and played an important role during Mohammad Mosaddegh's campaign to nationalize the Anglo-Persian Oil Company, as well as throughout his term as prime minister. From the Iran crisis of 1946 onwards, Tudeh became a pro-Soviet organization and remained prepared to carry out the dictates of the Kremlin, even if it meant sacrificing Iranian political independence and sovereignty. The crackdown that followed the 1953 coup against Mosaddegh is said to have "destroyed" the party, although a small part of it survived. The party still exists but has remained much weaker on account of being banned in Iran and mass arrests by the Islamic Republic in 1982, as well as the executions of political prisoners in 1988. Tudeh identified itself as the historical offshoot of the Communist Party of Persia.
Philalethes
Philalethes (Greek: φιλαλήθης, philaléthēs, pronounced [filalétɛːs]) was an Ancient Greek name, also often adopted in pseudonyms (based on its literal translation, "lover of truth"). It may apply to:

Philalethes, book by Severus of Antioch

Alazonomastix Philalethes, pseudonym of Henry More

Alexander Philalethes

Demosthenes Philalethes

Eirenaeus Philalethes, alchemical writer, now usually identified with George Starkey

Eugenius Philalethes, alchemical writer, now usually identified with Thomas Vaughan (philosopher)

Irenaeus Philalethes, pseudonym of Lewis Du Moulin

Philalethes Cantabrigiensis, pseudonym of James Jurin

Philalethes, pen-name of William Hazlitt

Philalethes, pseudonym of John of Saxony as translator of Dante's Divine Comedy

Philalethes, pen-name of Henry Portsmouth, author of an index to William Penn's works (1730)

Philalethes is a character in Humphry Davy's Consolations in Travel (1830)

Thomas Vaughan (philosopher)
Thomas Vaughan (17 April 1621 − 27 February 1666) was a Welsh clergyman, philosopher, and alchemist, who wrote in English. He is now remembered for his work in the field of natural magic. He also published under the pseudonym Eugenius Philalethes.

His influences included Johannes Trithemius (1462–1516), Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa (1486–1535), Michael Sendivogius (1566–1636), and Rosicrucianism (early 17th century).
Captain (1999 film)
Captain is a 1999 Indian Malayalam-language film directed by Nissar and produced by Anil Menon. The film stars Vani Viswanath, Babu Antony, Captain Raju, Roopa Sri, Baiju and Jagathy Sreekumar in the lead roles. The film has musical score by Alleppey Ranganath.

Roopa Sree
Rupa Sree (credited as Ragini in Kannada films) is an Indian actress who appeared in Tamil, Kannada and Malayalam films and also in television soap operas. She made her acting debut with the Malayalam film Kallanum Polisum (1992) with Mukesh in the lead.
Pfaffenhofen
Pfaffenhofen is the name of several places in Europe:

In Germany:

Pfaffenhofen an der Ilm, a town in Bavaria

Pfaffenhofen (district), in Bavaria

Pfaffenhofen an der Glonn, a municipality in Dachau, Bavaria

a part of the municipality of Altomünster in Dachau, Bavaria

Pfaffenhofen an der Roth, a municipality in Neu-Ulm, Bavaria

Pfaffenhofen, Baden-Württemberg, a municipality in Heilbronn, Baden-Württemberg

In Austria:

Pfaffenhofen, Tyrol, a municipality in Innsbruck-Land, Tyrol

Pfaffenhofen an der Roth
Pfaffenhofen an der Roth (German pronunciation: [pfafn̩ˈhoːfn̩ ʔan deːɐ̯ ˈʁoːt], lit. 'Pfaffenhofen on the Roth') is a municipality and a village in the district of Neu-Ulm in Bavaria in Germany. Its most famous inhabitant was Hermann Köhl, an aviation pioneer of the 1920s.
Petr Pohl
Petr Pohl (born August 28, 1986) is a Czech professional ice hockey player currently an unrestricted free agent. He was most recently under contract with the Grizzlys Wolfsburg of the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL). He was selected by the Columbus Blue Jackets in the 5th round (133rd overall) of the 2004 NHL Entry Draft.

2004 NHL entry draft
The 2004 NHL entry draft was the 42nd entry draft for the National Hockey League. It was held on June 26 and 27, 2004 at the RBC Center in Raleigh, North Carolina. It is especially notable because it was the last NHL event to take place before the beginning of the 2004–05 NHL lockout, which canceled all the games scheduled for that season.

As of 2025, the remaining active players in the NHL from this draft are Evgeni Malkin and Alexander Ovechkin.
AH32
Asian Highway 32 or AH32 is a route running 3,748 kilometres (2,329 mi) from Sonbong in North Korea to Khovd in Mongolia via China. The partial route in China is considered as potential Asian highway as per map.

Tsetserleg (city)
Tsetserleg (/ˈtsɛtsərlɛɡ/; Mongolian: Цэцэрлэг [t͡sʰít͡sʰɘrɮɘk] – lit. 'Garden'), also romanized as Cecerleg, is the capital of Arkhangai Aimag (province) in Mongolia. It lies on the northeastern slopes of the Khangai Mountains, 600 kilometres (370 miles) southwest of Ulaanbaatar. It has a population of 16,553 (2000 census, with Erdenebulgan sum rural territories population was 18,519), 16,618 (2003 est.), 16,300 (2006 est.).

Tsetserleg is geographically located in the Bulgan sum in the south of the aimag. It is not to be confused with Tsetserleg sum in the north. In 1992 Tsetserleg was designated as Erdenebulgan sum, which has an area of 536 km2 (207 sq mi).
Institute for Political and Legal Education
The Institute for Political and Legal Education is an educational program in which high school students are introduced to the American legislative and judicial process. For United States politics, students learn about the separation of powers, checks and balances, limits on the powers of the executive branch, and the role of the citizen in American society. In addition students learn how those ideas have evolved over the years.

To simulate the judicial process, students or groups of students are assigned civil court cases. Students then research the topic and develop a position which they write in a paper. The case is simulated in a moot court. Students are given a set amount of time to try to convince a mock judge to agree with their position through reasoning. The judge can then ask follow-up questions with which the students clarify their position and address concerns.

Moot court
Moot court is a co-curricular activity at many law schools. Participants take part in simulated court or arbitration proceedings, usually involving drafting memorials or memoranda and participating in oral argument. In many countries, the phrase "moot court" may be shortened to simply "moot" or "mooting". Participants are either referred to as "mooters" or, less conventionally, "mooties".
71st Street station
The 71st Street station is a local station on the BMT West End Line of the New York City Subway, located at the intersection of 71st Street and New Utrecht Avenue in Bensonhurst, Brooklyn. It is served by the D train at all times.

BMT West End Line
The BMT West End Line is a line of the New York City Subway, serving the Brooklyn communities of Sunset Park, Borough Park, New Utrecht, Bensonhurst, Bath Beach and Coney Island. The D train operates local on the entire line at all times. There is a center express track and three express stations along the line, but there is no regular express service. The center track is used during the morning rush hour by one southbound R train and two southbound W trains.

The elevated line, originally mapped as the New Utrecht Avenue Line (though the common name prevailed after construction), replaced the surface West End Line.
Difficult Loves
Difficult Loves (Italian: Gli amori difficili) is a 1970 short story collection by Italo Calvino. It concerns love and the difficulty of communication.

Some published versions of the English translation by William Weaver omit a number of the stories, and also include other Calvino stories about the Second World War and postwar period, including those from The Crow Comes Last; some of these were translated by Archibald Colquhoun and Peggy Wright. "The Argentine Ant" and "The Cloud of Smog" (as "Smog") do not appear in this book, but rather in the translated The Watcher and Other Stories. An English translation of "The Adventure of a Skier" was published by The New Yorker in their July 3, 2017 issue.

Italo Calvino
Italo Calvino (/kælˈviːnoʊ/, also US: /kɑːlˈ-/; Italian: [ˈiːtalo kalˈviːno]; 15 October 1923 – 19 September 1985) was an Italian novelist and short story writer. His best-known works include the Our Ancestors trilogy (1952–1959), the Cosmicomics collection of short stories (1965), and the novels Invisible Cities (1972) and If on a winter's night a traveler (1979).

Admired in Britain, Australia and the United States, Calvino was the most translated contemporary Italian writer at the time of his death. He is buried in the garden cemetery of Castiglione della Pescaia in Tuscany.
Hilderston, West Lothian
Hilderston or Hilderstone in West Lothian, Scotland, was the site of the discovery of a vein of silver in 1606 and a mining operation that attracted international interest. King James used rumours of a silver bonanza to leverage a loan in the City of London. He took over the mine works, an act sometimes regarded as an example of nationalization. The enterprise may have inspired a satirical stage play. On 8 May 1608 work commenced under royal supervision. Miners from Cornwall and Germany were employed in the works.
55°55′33″N 3°37′00″W﻿ / ﻿55.9259°N 3.6166°W﻿ / 55.9259; -3.6166

Hilderston is near Cairnpapple Hill in the Bathgate Hills. Contemporary descriptions of the silver ore seem to refer to native silver, mercury amalgams, arsenical content, and nickeline, found in "native silver bearing carbonate veins".

Nickeline
Nickeline or niccolite is the mineral form of nickel arsenide. The naturally occurring mineral contains roughly 43.9% nickel and 56.1% arsenic by mass, but composition of the mineral may vary slightly.

Small quantities of sulfur, iron and cobalt are usually present, and sometimes the arsenic is largely replaced by antimony. This last forms an isomorphous series with breithauptite (nickel antimonide).
Jane Fletcher (English writer)
Jane Fletcher (born August 1956) is an English writer of lesbian speculative fiction. Her The Walls of Westenfort won the Golden Crown Literary Society's 2005 "Sci-Fi / Fantasy / Horror / Paranormal / Speculative" award, and her The Empress and the Acolyte won its 2007 Speculative Fiction award. In 2009, she received The Alice B Readers Award for career achievement.

Her Temple Landfall  was shortlisted for the Science Fiction/Fantasy/Horror category of the 18th Lambda Literary Awards in 2006, and her Wolfsbane Winter was shortlisted for the same category of the  23rd Lambda Literary Awards in 2011. Her Lorimal's Chalice was shortlisted for the 2003 Gaylactic Spectrum Award for Best Novel.

Bold Strokes Books
Bold Strokes Books is a midsized independent publisher headquartered in Cambridge, New York that offers a diverse collection of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer general and genre fiction. Their list includes romance, mystery/intrigue, crime, erotica, speculative fiction (sci-fi/fantasy/horror), general fiction, and young adult fiction. The company was founded in July 2004 by Len Barot.

As of 2018, Bold Strokes Books has published over 1,000 works by more than 200 authors, in paperback, ebook, and audiobook formats.
Among its most notable titles are In Too Deep by Ronica Black (2005), Mistress of the Runes by Andrews & Austin (2007), Lady Knight by L-J Baker (2007), Blind Curves by Jacob and Diane Anderson-Minshall (2007) and Light by Nathan Burgoine (2013).

In 2007, Bold Strokes Books became the first LGBTQ publisher to be formally recognized by Romance Writers of America.

The company was also a sponsor of the annual Lesbian Book Festival in Palm Springs, California.
Rajyotsava Awards (2016)
The 2016 Rajyotsava Awards ceremony took place at the Ravindra Kalakshetra on 1 November 2016. Awarded annually by the government of Karnataka, the ceremony saw 61 individuals being awarded for achievements in various fields. The number was chosen to mark the 61st anniversary of the formation of the State of Karnataka.

Ravindra Kalakshetra
Ravindra Kalakshetra is a cultural centre in Bangalore which provides a home for musical and theatrical performances. Located in heart of Bangalore city, it was built to commemorate the birth centenary of Nobel laureate Rabindranath Tagore. Many well known theatre and film personalities like Umashree, Mukhyamantri Chandru, T. S. Nagabharana, Master Hirannaiah, C. R. Simha, T. N. Seetharam, and Prakash Rai among others have performed at Kalashektra.
Archibald Menzies Covert
Archibald Menzies Covert (May 3, 1870 – September 4, 1922) was a physician, surgeon, and political figure in Nova Scotia, Canada. He represented Kings County in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1911 to 1916 as a Liberal member.

Covert was born in 1870 at Musquash, New Brunswick to Reverend Walker Covert and Julie Harrington. He was educated at McGill University, earning a Doctor of Medicine in 1898. He married Minnie Clarke of Woodville, Nova Scotia. He served as a councillor for Ward IV in Kings County from 1899 to 1906 and for Ward I from 1906 to 1911. During the First World War, he served overseas with the Canadian Expeditionary Force as part of the Dalhousie No. 7 Stationary Hospital Unit from 1917 to 1919. Covert was appointed to the Legislative Council of Nova Scotia on May 17, 1917, serving until his death in 1922.

He was elected in the 1911 Nova Scotia general election and did not contest the 1916 Nova Scotia general election.

Kings (Nova Scotia provincial electoral district)
Kings was a provincial electoral district in Nova Scotia, Canada, that elected two members to the Nova Scotia House of Assembly at the time of its dissolution. It existed from 1867 until 1956, when Kings County was divided into the three electoral districts of Kings North, Kings South, and Kings West. Apart from a brief period between 1933 and 1945, during which one member was elected, Kings always elected two members to the Legislature.
Sarasvataprakriya
The Sarasvataprakriya (Sanskrit: सारस्वतप्रक्रिया; IAST: Sārasvataprakriyā) is a text on Sanskrit grammar written by Anubhūti Svarūpācārya between 1250 and 1450. It is a commentary on and rearrangement of 700 sutras composed by Narendra and includes around 900 rules. The grammatical system based on this text, called Sārasvatavyākaraṇa, was popular due to its brevity and relative simplicity, especially among Jains. The name "Sārasvata" comes from the claim that Narendra received his inspiration for his sutras from the goddess Sarasvati.

Sanskrit grammar
The grammar of the Sanskrit language has a complex verbal system, rich nominal declension, and extensive use of compound nouns. It was studied and codified by Sanskrit grammarians from the later Vedic period (roughly 8th century BCE), culminating in the Pāṇinian grammar of the 4th century BCE.
Lewiston station
The Grand Trunk station is a historic railroad station at 103 Lincoln Street in Lewiston, Maine.  It was built in 1874 for a spur line connecting Lewiston and Auburn to the Grand Trunk Railway, to which it was leased.  It is through this station that many of the area's French Canadian immigrants arrived to work in the area mills.  The station was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.

Auburn, Maine
Auburn is a city in south-central Maine, within the United States. Settled in the foothills of the Western Lakes and Mountains region of the state, the city serves as the county seat of Androscoggin County. The population was 24,061 at the 2020 census. Auburn and its sister city Lewiston are known locally as the Twin Cities or Lewiston–Auburn (L–A).
George Pappas
George Sotiros Pappas (4 May 1942-3 September 2025) is a professor of philosophy at Ohio State University.  Pappas specializes in epistemology, the history of early modern philosophy, philosophy of religion and metaphysics. He is of Greek and English origin.

He is the author of the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy entry on "Internalist versus Externalist" conceptions of epistemic justification.

He was co-editor (with Marshall Swain) of Essays on Knowledge and Justification (1978), an anthology of essays relating to the Gettier problem used as a core text in undergraduate epistemology courses.

Pappas is an editorial consultant of Berkeley Studies.

Early modern philosophy
Early modern philosophy (also classical modern philosophy) was a period in the history of philosophy that overlaps with the beginning of the period known as modern philosophy. It succeeded the medieval era of philosophy. Early modern philosophy is usually thought to have occurred between the 16th and 18th centuries, though some philosophers and historians may put this period slightly earlier. During this time, influential philosophers included Descartes, Locke, Hume, and Kant, all of whom contributed to the current understanding of philosophy.
Max von Schenkendorf
Gottlob Ferdinand Maximilian Gottfried von Schenkendorf (11 December 1783 in Tilsit in East Prussia – 11 December 1817 in Koblenz) was a German poet, born in Tilsit and educated at Königsberg. During the War of Liberation, in which he took an active part, Schenkendorf was associated with Arndt and Körner in the writing of patriotic songs.  His poems were published as Gedichte (1815), Poetischer Nachlass (1832), and Sämtliche Gedichte (1837; fifth edition, 1878). Some of his poems were set to music by lieder composer Pauline Volkstein.  For his Life, consult Hagen (Berlin, 1863); Knaake (Tilsit, 1890); E. von Klein, M. von Schenkendorf (Vienna, 1908).

University of Königsberg
The University of Königsberg (German: Albertus-Universität Königsberg) was a university in Königsberg, East Prussia. It was founded in 1544 as the world's second Protestant academy (after the University of Marburg) by Duke Albert of Prussia and received the royal privilege by King Sigismund II Augustus of Poland in 1560. The university was commonly known as the Albertina.

Following World War II, the city of Königsberg (renamed Kaliningrad) was transferred to the Soviet Union under the terms of the 1945 Potsdam Agreement. The Albertina was closed and the remaining German population was expelled. Today, the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University claims to maintain the traditions of the Albertina.
Shawvers Crossing, West Virginia
Shawvers Crossing is an unincorporated community in Greenbrier County, West Virginia, United States. Shawvers Crossing is located on U.S. Route 60, southeast of Rupert.

Shawver most likely is a corruption of Schaeffer.

Greenbrier County, West Virginia
Greenbrier County (/ˈɡriːnbraɪ.ər/) is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 32,977. Its county seat is Lewisburg. The county was formed in 1778 from Botetourt and Montgomery Counties in Virginia.
Andronidas
Andronidas (Ancient Greek: Ἀνδρωνίδας), was with Callicrates the leader of the Roman party among the Achaeans. In 146 BCE, he was sent by Quintus Caecilius Metellus Macedonicus to Diaeus, the commander of the Achaeans, to offer peace; but the peace was rejected, and Andronidas was seized by Diaeus, who however released him upon the payment of a talent.

Quintus Caecilius Metellus Macedonicus
Quintus Caecilius Metellus Macedonicus (c. 188 BC – 116 BC/115 BC) was a statesman and general of the Roman Republic during the second century BC. He was praetor in 148 BC, consul in 143 BC, the Proconsul of Hispania Citerior in 142 BC and censor in 131 BC. He got his agnomen, Macedonicus, for his victory over the Macedonians in the Fourth Macedonian War.
Slide (¥$ song)
"Slide" (stylized in all caps) is a hip house song by American hip-hop superduo ¥$, composed of rapper Kanye West and singer Ty Dolla Sign, from their second studio album, Vultures 2 (2024). It was released through YZY on August 2, 2024, as the lead single from the album. The duo recorded it in 2023, and wrote it alongside AyoAA, Leon Thomas III, Lester Nowhere, Peter Lee Johnson, Cyhi the Prynce, and the Legendary Traxster, and produced it with the former four.

Before its release, "Slide" was rumored to feature vocals from English singer-songwriter James Blake and production by English producer Fred Again; the latter played the song at multiple live events prior to its release. Upon its release, the song was positively received by music critics, and charted at number 88 on the Billboard Hot 100, alongside charting worldwide. A music video, directed by West and UK photographer Aus Taylor, was released on August 13, 2024.

Yeezy (brand)
Yeezy (often stylized as YZY or YEEƵY) is an American media company, fashion brand, and record label founded by rapper, designer, and entrepreneur Kanye West (legally known as Ye as of 2021) on August 6, 2013. Most famous for its associated clothing line, it first began producing clothing in 2015 during and for the Yeezy Season 2 runway show.
Muscle House
Muscle House or Muscle House by the Sea was a famous (in bodybuilding circles) boarding house on the beach. The building was owned by Fleurette Crettaz, aka "Joy" and was located at 1659 Ocean Front Walk, Santa Monica, California.  Joy was a fan of bodybuilding and would let bodybuilders stay for minimal rent. The house operated from the 1950s to the 1970s. It was a common waypoint for up and coming bodybuilders such as Steve Reeves, Vince Edwards, Jack Delinger, George Eiferman and Dave Draper.

Vince Edwards
Vince Edwards (born Vincent Edward Zoine; July 9, 1928 – March 11, 1996) was an American actor, director, and singer. He was best known for his TV role as Dr. Ben Casey and as Major Cliff Bricker in the 1968 war film The Devil's Brigade.
Carlo Ernesto Liverati
Carlo Ernesto Liverati (March 10, 1805 – October 27, 1844) was an Italian painter, mainly of genre and portraits. He was born in Austria to an Italian family but trained in England and Florence.

He was born in Vienna, Austria, to a music teacher from Bologna. His father moved to England to work in the household of the Duchess of Kent. Liverati's training as a young man occurred in England under Filippo Rheinehglie and Henry Perronet Briggs. In 1828, he travelled to Florence to visit his ill mother. After her death, he stayed to study at the Accademia di Belle Arti of Florence, where he frequently exhibited.

During the 1830s he mainly worked copying works from the Florentine collections for foreign families visiting or residing in Florence. He did paint a Christ points out his Mother to St John the Baptist commissioned by Prince Poniatowski for a church of Kiev. His genre scenes were influenced by the works of David Wilkie. He died of tuberculosis in 1844.

Stanisław Poniatowski (1754–1833)
Prince Stanisław Poniatowski (November 23, 1754 – February 13, 1833) was a Polish nobleman, politician, diplomat, a member of the wealthy Poniatowski family and a nephew of the last king of Poland, Stanisław II Augustus. He was the official Commander of the Royal Foot Guards regiment directly responsible for the monarch's life as well as the Grand Treasurer of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (1784–1791) and Governor of Stryj, which made him a key figure in Poland during the Age of Enlightenment.