hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ethology Ecology & Evolution
Ethology Ecology & Evolution is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all aspects of the ecology, evolution or genetics of behaviour. It was established in 1890 as Monitore Zoologico Italiano, obtaining its current name in 1989, with volume numbering restarted at 1. It is published by Taylor & Francis and the editor-in-chief is Alberto Ugolini (University of Florence).

University of Florence
The University of Florence (Italian: Università degli Studi di Firenze) (UNIFI) is an Italian public research university located in Florence, Italy. It comprises 12 schools and has around 50,000 students enrolled.
Tim Euhus
Timothy James Euhus (born October 2, 1980) is an American former professional football player who was a tight end in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the Buffalo Bills in the fourth round of the 2004 NFL draft. He played college football for the Oregon State Beavers.

Oregon State Beavers football
The Oregon State Beavers football team represents Oregon State University in NCAA Division I FBS college football. The team first fielded an organized football team in 1893 and is a member of the Pac-12 Conference.

Their home games are played at Reser Stadium in Corvallis, Oregon.
Steve Matthiasson
Steve Matthiasson is an American farmer, viticulturist, and winemaker known for his contributions to the low-to-moderate alcohol California wine movement.

Along with his wife, Jill Matthiasson, he co-founded Matthiasson Family Vineyards in Napa Valley, California in 2003. Matthiasson's expertise has made him one of Napa's top viticultural consultants since 1995. He has worked with several wineries, including Araujo, Dalla Valle, Spottswoode, David Arthur, Chappellet, and Stag's Leap Wine Cellars, and has mentored many winegrowers throughout his career.

Spottswoode Winery
Spottswoode Estate Vineyard & Winery is a winery in the southern outskirts of  St. Helena, California, in the St. Helena AVA of the Napa Valley, in the United States. The estate was established in 1882. The winery is a producer of Cabernet Sauvignon and Sauvignon Blanc. As of 2021, about 40 acres are under cultivation, which typically produces around 5,000 cases of wine per year.
Javan James Sr.
Javan E. James Sr. is a United States Virgin Islands politician and senator who served in the  Legislature of the Virgin Islands from the St. Croix District, from 2019 to 2025. He is the youngest member to serve in the territory’s legislature since Alvin Williams Jr.

A member of the Democratic Party, James suddenly switched his party affiliation to become an Independent following disruptions and a 2019 reorganization motion that caused him to lose key positions within the majority caucus.  In April 2022, James announced that he would not seek another term. Less than a month later, he announced he would seek a third term and rejoined the Democratic Party.

On 4 March 2024, James announced he won’t seek reelection to a fourth term but instead focus on his academic pursuits.

Territory
A territory is an area of land, sea, or space, belonging or connected to a particular country, person, or animal.

In international politics, a territory is usually a geographic area which has not been granted the powers of self-government, i.e. an area that is under the jurisdiction of a sovereign state.

As a subdivision, a territory in most countries is an organized division of an area that is controlled by a country but is not formally developed into, or incorporated into, a political unit of that country, which political units are of equal status to one another and are often referred to by words such as "provinces", "regions", or "states". In its narrower sense, it is "a geographic region, such as a colonial possession, that is dependent on an external government."
José Manuel Pasquel
José Manuel Pasquel (March 13, 1793 – October 15, 1857) was a Peruvian archbishop.

José Manuel Pasquel was the son of Tomás Pasquel y Garcés and Clara Losada y Palencia. He studied at the San Carlos Convictorio and the Universidad Mayor de San Marcos where he graduated as a Doctor of Theology and Canon Law. He was second lieutenant in the Battalion's number, but was inclined to religious life and entered the Seminary of Santo Toribio in Lima in 1816 . He received Holy Orders in 1817. He served in Huacho and Atavillos Bajo, then transferred to Concepción in the province of Jauja in 1830, the year he was also appointed Chaplain to the Supreme Government.

He was ordained as a bishop in 1848, and installed as Archbishop of Lima on 16 Dec 1855.

Convictorio de San Carlos
The Real Convictorio de San Carlos, or Convictorio de San Carlos after independence, was a college in Lima created at the end of the Viceroyalty of Peru and which survived until the first decades of the Peruvian Republic.

It was housed at the Casona de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. A conservative school, it had a longstanding rivalry with the more liberal Guadalupe College.

It was established in 1770 by a royal decree of Viceroy Manuel de Amat y Junyent that merged the defunct colleges of San Martín and San Felipe after the expulsion of the Jesuits. It was closed in October 1817, but later reopened after the independence of Peru, in 1822. After its reopening, it worked without issues until 1866, when it became the Faculty of Letters and Human Sciences of the National University of San Marcos.
Yamachiche River
The Yamachiche River is a river located on the north shore of Lake Saint-Pierre in the Maskinongé Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Mauricie, in Quebec, in Canada. It originates in the Mastigouche Wildlife Reserve.

The Yamachiche River flows mostly in a wooded area north of Charette, and then generally in an agricultural environment on the rest of its course.

Saint-Mathieu-du-Parc
Saint-Mathieu-du-Parc (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ matjø dy paʁk]) is a municipality in the Mauricie region of the province of Quebec in Canada.  Prior to March 28, 1998, it was known simply as Saint-Mathieu.

It is home to the Mokotakan Museum, showcasing the First Nations of Quebec.
2017 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup qualification (CONMEBOL)
The 2017 CONMEBOL qualifiers for the FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup, (natively in Spanish: Eliminatorias CONMEBOL al Mundial de la FIFA de Fútbol Playa Asunción 2017) was the seventh edition of the Beach Soccer World Cup qualification championship contested by the men's national teams of South America to determine the best beach soccer nation on the continent, organised by CONMEBOL. The tournament acted as a qualifying event to the 2017 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup, with the top three finishing nations progressing to the finals in the Bahamas.

The competition took place from 5 to 12 February 2017 in Lambaré, Gran Asunción, Paraguay, with ten nations taking part. Brazil were the defending champions.

Lambaré
Lambaré (Spanish pronunciation: [lambaˈɾe]) is a city in Central Department, Paraguay, part of the Gran Asunción metropolitan area. With a population of approximately 140,000 inhabitants, it is the seventh-most populous city in the country.
Kensington Railway Station
The Kensington Railway Station is a National Historic Site of Canada, located in the town of Kensington, Prince Edward Island. The train station was the third built at the site, and one of two "boulder stations" built by Charles Benjamin Chappell in 1904, so named for the fieldstone composing its exterior walls.

Passenger service to the station was terminated in 1969, and in 1985 the site was purchased by the town of Kensington. In 1990, diesel locomotive Engine 1762 was moved to the site from Summerside for permanent display. The building has been restored and renovated, and has been used for various purposes, including as a library and tourist information centre. It is currently used as a restaurant.

Fieldstone
Fieldstone is a naturally occurring type of stone, which lies at or near the surface of the Earth. Fieldstone is a nuisance for farmers seeking to expand their land under cultivation, but at some point it began to be used as a construction material. Strictly speaking, it is stone collected from the surface of fields where it occurs naturally. Collections of fieldstones which have been removed from arable land or pasture to allow for more effective agriculture are called clearance cairns.

In practice, fieldstone is any architectural stone used in its natural shape and can be applied to stones recovered from the topsoil or subsoil. Although fieldstone is generally used to describe such material when used for exterior walls, it has come to include its use in other ways including garden features and interiors. It is sometimes cut or split for use in architecture.
Mehmed Uzun
Mehmed Uzun (January 1, 1953 – October 10, 2007) was a Kurdish writer and novelist born in Siverek, Şanlıurfa Province, Turkey. Though the Kurdish language was outlawed in Turkey from 1920 to 1990, he started to write in it and achieved much toward shaping a modern Kurdish literary language and reviving the Kurdish tradition of storytelling. In 1977–2005 he lived in exile in Sweden as a political refugee, becoming a prolific writer, author of a dozen Kurdish-language novels and essays, which made him a founding member of Kurdish literature in Kurmanji dialect. In June 2005 he returned to Istanbul. He was a member of the PEN club and the Swedish writers association. On May 29, 2006, he was found to have stomach cancer. After treatment at the Karolinska University Hospital in Stockholm, he returned to Diyarbakir, Turkey, where he died, aged 54.

Şanlıurfa Province
Şanlıurfa Province (Turkish: Şanlıurfa ili; Kurdish: Parêzgeha Rihayê), also known as Urfa Province, is a province and metropolitan municipality in southeastern Turkey. The city of Şanlıurfa is the capital of the province which bears its name. Its area is 19,242 km2, and its population is 2,170,110 (2022). The province is considered part of Turkish Kurdistan and has a Kurdish majority with a significant Arab and Turkish minority.
Rescue 807 crashes
The Rescue 807 crashes were three related aircraft accidents in Kananaskis Country, Alberta, Canada on 6 and 14 June 1986.  Two aircraft crashed on separate days while searching for the first aircraft.  All 13 people on board the three aircraft were killed and subsequently three mountain lakes were named Memorial Lakes in remembrance of those who lost their lives.

Kananaskis Country
Kananaskis Country (also known as K-Country) is a multi-use area located west of Calgary in the foothills and front ranges of the Canadian Rockies, Alberta, Canada. Kananaskis Country has also been referred to as a recreation area and a park system.

The area's western edge borders Banff National Park and the Alberta-British Columbia border. The region owes its name to the Kananaskis River, which was named by John Palliser in 1858 after a legendary Cree Native. Covering an area of approximately 4,000 km2 (1,500 sq mi), Kananaskis Country was established by the Alberta Government in 1978 to provide a variety of land uses and designations. Land uses include resource extraction activities (such as forestry, cattle grazing, water, oil and gas), recreation, power generation, and residential communities. Land designations include public land and protected areas.
The Secret Code
The Secret Code can refer to:

The Secret Code (film), a 1918 film starring Gloria Swanson

The Secret Code (serial), a 1942 film serial

"The Secret Code" (Seinfeld), a television episode

The Secret Code (album), by Tohoshinki (TVXQ), 2009

Secret Code, an album by Aya Kamiki, 2006

Secret Code
Secret Code is the debut major album by artist Aya Kamiki, released on July 12, 2006. It comes in a CD only version. Secret Code debuted at number 5 on the Oricon Weekly Charts for Japan and sold 70756 copies in total. "Secret Code" was used as the ending theme song for JAPAN COUNTDOWN.
NoBody's Perfect
NoBody's Perfect is a 2008 feature documentary produced and directed by Niko von Glasow. The film won the German Film Award for Best Documentary Film at the Deutscher Filmpreis in 2009, and has gone on to receive worldwide acclaim, resulting in a powerful campaign for the victims of thalidomide.

German Film Award for Best Documentary Film
The German Film Award for Best Documentary Film (German: Deutscher Filmpreis – Bester Dokumentarfilm) is the award given to the best feature-length cinema documentary produced with majoritarian German funding. The current category was introduced in 2000, although numerous similar categories were in existence going back all the way to 1951.

As of 2020, besides the Lola statuette in gold, the winning film also receives 200.000 euros. A nomination is endowed with 100.00 euros. In 2012 the number of nominated films was raised from two to three.
Boyle Somerville
Vice-Admiral Henry Boyle Townshend Somerville CMG (7 September 1863 – 24 March 1936) was a Royal Navy officer, hydrographer and author. His survey work in the Pacific led to an interest in ethnography, and he put together a significant collection of artefacts. He carried out oceanographic and magnetic observations in the Indian Ocean, and developed a sounding apparatus for determining ocean depths from a ship under way. He carried out archaeological work as well as surveying in Britain and Ireland. He was an author of scholarly works as well as of popular accounts of his surveying activities and the comprehensive Ocean Passages of the World. Somerville was killed by the Irish Republican Army in 1936.

Castletownshend
Castletownshend (Irish: Baile an Chaisleáin, meaning 'town of the castle') is a village about 8 km (5 mi) south-east of Skibbereen, in County Cork, Ireland. The village developed around a small 17th-century castle built by Richard Townsend.
Jesse Joronen
Jesse Pekka Joronen (born 21 March 1993) is a Finnish professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Serie B club Palermo and the Finland national team. He made his senior debut for Finland in 2013.

AC Horsens
Alliance Club Horsens (Danish: [æliˈɑŋsə ˈkʰlup ˈhɒːsn̩s]), commonly referred to as AC Horsens (Danish: [ɛˀˈse̝ˀ ˈhɒːsn̩s]) or simply Horsens, is a Danish professional football club based in Horsens, Central Denmark Region. Founded in 1994, as a superstructure on Horsens fS (founded 1915), Stensballe IK and FC Horsens, the club competes in the Danish 1st Division, the second tier of the Danish football league system. Both Stensballe IK and FC Horsens has later left the cooperation, and only Horsens fS remains.
Micropygus
Micropygus is a genus of flies in the family Dolichopodidae. It is native to New Zealand, though the species Micropygus vagans is also found in the British Isles as an introduced species. The genus was originally named by Octave Parent in 1933. However, as the genus was not designated a type species, this name was unavailable until 1989, when Daniel J. Bickel and C. E. Dyte designated Micropygus bifenestratus as the type species.

Octave Parent
Abbé Octave Parent (15 June 1882, in Trescault – 9 February 1942, in Ambleteuse) was a French entomologist who specialized in Diptera, mostly the family Dolichopodidae. He became director of the Biological Station, Ambleteuse.

He published three papers, dated 1934, 1937 and 1940, concerning twenty-six new species of Hawaiian Campsicnemus. The type specimens of all the species described in the 1937 paper were deposited in the collection of the Hawaiian Entomological Society. The species Sigmatineurum parenti, found in Hawaii, is named in memory of Parent, "in honor of his foundational work with Hawaiian dolichopodids and for describing the genus Sigmatineurum".
Air Kruise
Air Kruise was a British airline established in Kent in 1946. Starting with light aircraft for charter work, it expanded to include scheduled services to the near-continent. It was absorbed into Silver City Airways in 1957.

Light aircraft
A light aircraft is an aircraft that has a maximum gross takeoff weight of 12,500 lb (5,670 kg) or less.

Light aircraft are used as utility aircraft commercially for small-scale passenger and freight transport; for sightseeing, photography, cropdusting, and other so-called aerial work roles of civil aviation; for the personal-use aspect of general aviation; and in certain aspects of military aviation.

Examples of aircraft that are at the maximum gross takeoff weight for this category include the de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter and Beechcraft B200 Super King Air.
Mount Ethelwulf
Mount Ethelwulf (70°2′S 69°34′W﻿ / ﻿70.033°S 69.567°W﻿ / -70.033; -69.567) is a mainly ice-covered mountain, 2,590 metres (8,500 ft) high, standing between Mount Egbert and Mount Ethelred at the head of Tumble Glacier, in the Douglas Range of northeast Alexander Island, Antarctica. The mountain was probably first observed by Lincoln Ellsworth, who photographed the east side of the Douglas Range from the air on November 23, 1935; its east face was roughly surveyed in 1936 by the British Graham Land Expedition under John Rymill. It was resurveyed in 1948 by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) and named for Ethelwulf, Saxon King of England, 839–858. The west face of the mountain was mapped from air photos taken by the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition, 1947–48, by D. Searle of the FIDS in 1960. Mount Ethelwulf is the fourth highest peak of Alexander Island, succeeded by Mount Paris and proceeded by Mount Huckle.

Falkland Islands and Dependencies Aerial Survey Expedition
The Falkland Islands and Dependencies Aerial Survey Expedition (FIDASE) was an aerial survey of the Falkland Islands Dependencies and the Antarctic Peninsula which took place in the 1955–56 and 1956–57 southern summers.

Funded by the Colonial Office and organized by Peter Mott, the survey was carried out by Hunting Aerosurveys Ltd.  The expedition was based at Deception Island and utilized the Oluf Sven, two Canso flying-boats, and several helicopters.

The photographic collection, held by the British Antarctic Survey as the United Kingdom Antarctic Mapping Centre, comprises about 12,800 frames taken on 26,700 kilometers of ground track.
If You Must (Del the Funky Homosapien song)
"If You Must" is a song by American hip hop musician Del the Funky Homosapien. It was released as a single from his 2000 album, Both Sides of the Brain. The single peaked at number 27 on the Billboard Hot Rap Songs chart. The song was featured in the 2001 video game Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 3 and reappears in its remake.

Hot Rap Songs
Hot Rap Songs (formerly known as Hot Rap Tracks and Hot Rap Singles) is a chart released weekly by Billboard in the United States. It lists the 25 most popular hip-hop/rap songs, calculated weekly by airplay on rhythmic and urban radio stations and sales in hip hop-focused or exclusive markets. Streaming data, digital downloads and All-Format radio stations were added to the methodology of determining chart rankings in 2012. From 1989 through 2001, it was based on how much the single sold in that given week.
Djarkutan
Djarkutan (also Dzharkutan; Uzbek: Jarqoʻton) is a prehistoric proto-urban settlement in Uzbekistan and a center of ancient civilizations in Bactria, the area from which may be the founder of the religion Zarathustra. The settlement on an old stream has two monumental buildings, a potter quarter, a citadel and extensive burial ground. Dzharkutan is located in the west of Surxondaryo Region, in the south of Uzbekistan, about five kilometers southeast of Sherobod and 50 km northwest of Termiz.

Citadel
A citadel is the most fortified area of a town or city. It may be a castle, fortress, or fortified center. The term is a diminutive of city, meaning "little city", because it is a smaller part of the city of which it is the defensive core.

In a fortification with bastions, the citadel is the strongest part of the system, sometimes well inside the outer walls and bastions, but often forming part of the outer wall for the sake of economy. It is positioned to be the last line of defence, should the enemy breach the other components of the fortification system.
Toftrees
Toftrees is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Dunton, in the North Norfolk district, in the county of Norfolk, England. The hamlet is 2.3 miles south west of Fakenham, 27.3 miles north west of Norwich and 113 miles north north east of London. The nearest railway station is at Sheringham for the Bittern Line which runs between Sheringham, Cromer and Norwich. The nearest airport is Norwich International Airport. The village is situated on the north west side of the A1065 Fakenham to Swaffham road. In 1931 the parish had a population of 72.

Swaffham
Swaffham (/ˈswɒfəm/) is a market town and civil parish in the Breckland District and English county of Norfolk. It is situated 12 miles (19 kilometres) east of King's Lynn and 31 miles (50 kilometres) west of Norwich.

The civil parish has an area of 11.42 mi2 (29.6 km2) and in the 2001 census had a population of 6,935 in 3,130 households, which increased to 7,258, in 3,258 households, at the 2011 census. By the time the 2021 census took place, the population had jumped to 8434. For the purposes of local government, the parish falls within the district of Breckland.
Arcalod
Arcalod is a mountain of Savoie, France. It lies in the Bauges range of the French Prealps and has an elevation of 2,217 metres (7,274 ft) above sea level.

Arcalod has a prominence of 1,713 metres (5,620 ft) and is thus an ultra prominent peak. It is the 4th most prominent peak in the French Alps.

Topographic prominence
In topography, prominence (also referred to as autonomous height, and shoulder drop in US English, and drop in British English) is the relative height of a mountain or hill's summit relative to the lowest contour line encircling it but containing no higher summit within it. It is a measure of the independence of a summit. The key col ("saddle") around the peak is a unique point on this contour line and the parent peak (if any) is some higher mountain, selected according to various criteria.
Nif regulon
The Nif regulon is a set of seven operons used to regulate nitrogen fixation in the coliform bacterium Klebsiella pneumoniae under anaerobic and microaerophilic conditions. It includes 17 nif genes, and is situated between the his and the Shi-A operon of the bacterium.

Microaerophile
A microaerophile is a microorganism that requires environments containing lower levels of dioxygen than those present in the atmosphere (i.e. < 21% O2; typically 2–10% O2) for optimal growth. A more restrictive interpretation requires the microorganism to be obligate in this requirement.  Many microaerophiles are also capnophiles, requiring an elevated concentration of carbon dioxide (e.g. 10% CO2 in the case of Campylobacter species).

The original definition of a microaerophile has been criticized for being too restrictive and not accurate enough compared to similar categories. The broader term microaerobe has been coined to describe microbes able to respire oxygen "within microoxic environments by using high-affinity terminal oxidase".
Amphiaspididae
Amphiaspididae is a family of extinct amphiaspidid heterostracan agnathans whose fossils are restricted to Lower Devonian marine strata of Siberia near the Taimyr Peninsula.  In life, the amphiaspidids of Amphiaspididae are thought to be benthic animals that lived most of their lives mostly buried in the sediment of a series of hypersaline lagoons. Amphiaspids are easily distinguished from other heterostracans in that all of the plates of the cephalothorax armor are fused into a single, muff-like unit, so that the forebody of the living animal would have looked like a potpie with a pair of small, or degenerated eyes, with each flanked by a preorbital opening, and a simple, slit-like mouth.

Taymyr Peninsula
The Taymyr Peninsula (/taɪˈmɪər/ ty-MEER) is a peninsula in the Far North of Russia, in the Siberian Federal District, that forms the northernmost part of the mainland of Eurasia. Administratively it is part of the Krasnoyarsk Krai Federal subject of Russia.