hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Paulina Matijević
Paulina Matijević (Serbian Cyrillic: Паулина Матијевић; 1861 - 1926) was a Serbian philanthropist.

Paulina Lađević was born in Karlovac, at the time in the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia, Austrian Empire. She married Vladimir Matijević in 1883. Matijević was one of the founders of the so-called The Krajina Society, a society of Serbian ladies who collected small charitable contributions every day, from which the first Serbian school in Zagreb emerged. With her initiative, the Women's Charitable Cooperative Srpkinja was founded in Zagreb, from which the Serbian Girls' Boarding School also emerged, whose task was to educate young women.

Matijević was a member of the Privrednik Patronage. At the end of 1904, Privrednik expanded its activities to care for female children, thanks to the efforts of Matijević. She left all her property, 4,000 shares of the Serbian Bank in Zagreb, to Privrednik for the ongoing rise and advancement of poor Serbian youth. She died in Paris, France.

Serbian Bank in Zagreb
The Serbian Bank in Zagreb (Croatian: Srpska banka u Zagrebu) was a medium-sized bank in the Kingdom of Hungary and then the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, established in 1895 and liquidated in 1945. It has been described as "the financial center of the Serbian irredentist movement".: 3
Trams in Kyiv
The Kyiv Tram (Ukrainian: Київський трамвай, romanized: Kyivskyi tramvai, pronounced [ˈkɪjiu̯sʲkɪj trɐmˈwɑj]) is a tram network that serves the Ukrainian capital Kyiv. The system was the first electric tramway in the former Russian Empire and the fourth one in Europe after the Berlin, Budapest, and Prague tramways. The Kyiv Tram system currently consists of 139.9 km (86.9 mi) of the track, including 14 km (8.7 mi) of two Rapid Tram lines, served by 21 routes with the use of 523 tram cars. However, the system is being neglected, the serviced track length is decreasing at a fast rate and is replaced by buses and trolleybuses.

The Kyiv Tram system is operated by the "Kyivpastrans" municipal company which also maintains bus, Kyiv trolleybus, and Kyiv Funicular transport in Kyiv.

Kyivpastrans
Kyivpastrans is a municipal company that operates public transport in Kyiv, the capital of Ukraine. Its operations include electric trams, city buses and trolleybuses. It also operates the Kyiv Funicular and some urban rail lines.

Kyivpastrans was established on October 2, 2001, by the Kyiv City Council to replace KP "Kyivelektrotrans" and the Kyiv City Territorial-Production Union of Automobile Transport.
Ogui
Ogui is an autonomous community in Nike, in the Enugu North Local Government Area of Enugu State in the southeastern geopolitical zone of Nigeria. It comprises Umunevo Village, Ihewuzi Village and Onuato Village.

Ogui Nike Listenⓘ , as it is usually called, is a major landlord to the administrative, political and economic hub of the city of Enugu, in that major public and private institutions, shopping malls, hotels, parks, banks and so on are situated on Ogui land.

Enugu (city)
Enugu (/eɪˈnuːɡuː/ ⓘ ay-NOO-goo; Igbo: Enụgwụ) is the capital city of Enugu State in Nigeria. The city had a population of 876,000 (2024 estimate) spread across the three LGAs of Enugu East, Enugu North and Enugu South, according to the 2022 Nigerian census.
Portrait of Antoine and Marie-Anne Lavoisier
The Portrait of Antoine and Marie-Anne Lavoisier (French: Portrait d'Antoine et Marie-Anne Lavoisier) is a double portrait of the French chemist Antoine Lavoisier and his wife and collaborator Marie-Anne Pierrette Paulze, commissioned from the French painter Jacques-Louis David in 1788 by Marie-Anne (who had been taught drawing by David).

Marie-Anne Paulze Lavoisier
Marie-Anne Pierrette Paulze Lavoisier, later Countess of Rumford, (20 January 1758 – 10 February 1836) was a French chemist and noblewoman. Madame Lavoisier's first husband was the chemist and nobleman Antoine Lavoisier. She acted as his laboratory companion,  using her linguistic skills to write up his work and bring it to an international audience. She also played a pivotal role in the translation of several scientific works, and was instrumental to the standardization of the scientific method.
Gulle
A gulle (Korean: 굴레) is a type of sseugae (쓰개), Korean traditional headgear, worn by children aged one year (called dol) to five years old during the late Joseon period. It was mostly worn by young girls in the upper class for warmth and style. Gullae was usually made with silk and in summer, it was made with sa (사, 紗), a type of silk loosely woven.

Headgear
Headgear, headwear, or headdress is any element of clothing which is worn on one's head, including hats, helmets, turbans and many other types. Headgear is worn for many purposes, including protection against the elements, decoration, or for religious or cultural reasons, including social conventions.
Scuderia Corsa
Scuderia Corsa is an American automotive racing team based in Las Vegas competing in the IMSA SportsCar Championship, Pirelli World Challenge and Ferrari Challenge in North America. Founded in 2012 by Giacomo Mattioli and Art Zafiropoulo, the team has the main purpose of supporting the racing needs of Ferrari clients, starting from customizable track-day events to the Ferrari Challenge Series to the GT endurance racing such as the 24 Hours of Le Mans.  Scuderia Corsa is the racing arm of Mattioli Automotive Group, inclusive of Ferrari Beverly Hills and Ferrari Westlake. In 2022 Giacomo Mattioli acquired Art Zafiropoulo shares becoming the sole owner of the racing team.

Grand-Am Road Racing
Grand-Am Road Racing or Grand-Am was an auto racing sanctioning body that was established in 1999 to organize road racing competitions in North America. Its primary focus was the Rolex Sports Car Series, an endurance racing championship series. It sanctioned five auto racing series. The series announced in September 2012 that it would be merging with the American Le Mans Series, which had been Grand-Am's main US competitor since its inception. The two series fully merged in 2014 under the banner of the TUDOR United SportsCar Championship, with the International Motor Sports Association.
Martin Wright (bioengineer)
Basil Martin Wright (20 December 1912 – 4 March 2001) was a British bioengineer who invented several notable medical instruments, including the peak flow meter and syringe driver. The "alcolmeter" he developed won a Queen's Award for Industry and is the breathalyser most often used at the road-side in the United Kingdom.

The King's Awards for Enterprise
The King's Awards for Enterprise, previously known as The Queen's Award for Enterprise, is an awards programme for British businesses and other organizations who excel at international trade, innovation, sustainable development or promoting opportunity (through social mobility). They are the highest official UK awards for British businesses. The scheme was established as The Queen's Award to Industry by a royal warrant of 30 November 1965, and awards are given for outstanding achievement by UK businesses in the categories of innovation, international trade, sustainable development and promoting opportunity through social mobility.

Each award is valid for five years: recipients are invited to a royal reception and are presented with the award at their company premises by one of the King's representatives, a Lord-lieutenant. Recipients are also able to fly the King's Awards flag at their main office, and use the emblem on marketing materials such as packaging and adverts.
Reformed Egyptian
The Book of Mormon, a work of scripture of the Latter Day Saint movement, is described by both itself and Joseph Smith, the founder of the movement, as having originally been written in the Reformed Egyptian characters.

Scholarly reference works on languages do not acknowledge the existence of either a "reformed Egyptian" language or "reformed Egyptian" script as it was described by Joseph Smith. There is no archaeological, linguistic, or other evidence of the use of Egyptian writing in the ancient Americas.

John Gee
John Laurence Gee (born 1964) is an American Latter-day Saint scholar, apologist and an Egyptologist. He currently teaches at Brigham Young University (BYU) and serves in the Department of Near Eastern Languages. He is known for his writings in support of the Book of Abraham.
2024 Grand Prix Hassan II – Doubles
Harri Heliövaara and Henry Patten defeated Alexander Erler and Lucas Miedler in the final, 3–6, 6–4, [10–4] to win the doubles tennis title at the 2024 Grand Prix Hassan II.

Marcelo Demoliner and Andrea Vavassori were the reigning champions, but Vavassori chose not to compete this year and Demoliner chose to compete in Estoril instead.

Marcelo Demoliner
Marcelo Fedrizzi Demoliner (born 18 January 1989) is a Brazilian professional tennis player, who specializes in doubles. He reached a career-high doubles ranking of world No. 34 in November 2017. Demoliner has won five doubles titles.

He won his first title at the ATP 250 Antalya Open with Santiago González in June 2018, after having reached six finals at that level. He was runner-up at the ATP 500 Vienna in 2018 and Saint Petersburg in 2020.

Alongside Maria José Martinez Sanchez, he was a mixed doubles semifinalist in 2017 Wimbledon Championships and 2018 Australian Open.
Víctor Hugo Ávalos
Víctor Hugo Ávalos Acosta (6 November 1971 – 2 April 2009) was a Paraguayan footballer most remembered for his spells at Quilmes, Independiente Medellín and in Chilean football. Mainly a central midfielder who could also operate as an attacking playmaker, he died in 2009 from a heart attack during an amateur football game.

Football in Chile
Football is the most popular sport in Chile. Approximately 80% of the Chilean people are interested in football

The country's history of association football began with English sailors and their boat trips due to various commercial links between Chile and Great Britain in the 19th century.
Herbert Mascall Curteis
Herbert Mascall Curteis (8 January 1823 – 16 June 1895) was an English cricketer active from 1841 to 1860 who played for Sussex. He appeared in 57 first-class matches as a righthanded batsman who bowled slow roundarm. Career data is incomplete but he accounted for 560 runs with a highest score of 29 and took eleven wickets with a best performance of three in one innings. Two of his sons, Herbert and Robert, also played for Sussex.

Curteis was born in Florence, Italy, the only son of Herbert Barrett Curteis who was touring Italy with his wife at the time. He was educated at Westminster School and Christ Church, Oxford. His father was member of parliament for Rye, Sussex, from 1841 until 1847 when he died leaving 'large landed estates' to Herbert Mascall Curteis, who succeeded him in the representation of Rye and served until the next general election in 1852. He died at his house, Windmill Hill Place, near Hailsham, Sussex.

Wicket
In the sport of cricket, the term wicket has several meanings:

It is either of the two sets of three stumps and two bails at each end of the pitch. The fielding team's players can hit the wicket with the ball in a number of ways to get a batter out. 
The wicket is guarded by a batter who, with their bat (and sometimes with their pads, but see the laws on LBW, leg before wicket), attempts to prevent the ball from hitting the wicket (if it does, they may be bowled) and to score runs where possible.

Through metonymic usage, the dismissal of a batter is known as the taking of a wicket.

The cricket pitch itself is sometimes referred to as the wicket.
Laila Elwi
Laila Ahmed Elwi (born January 4, 1962, in Cairo), sometimes credited as Laila Eloui, Laila Olwy, Laila Eloui, and Laila Elwy (Arabic: ليلى علوي), is an Egyptian actress. She has starred in more than 70 movies and has been honored at Egyptian and international festivals with awards for most of her roles.

She has also been the head – or member – of several jury committees for local and international festivals. Recently, she has received an award for her lifetime achievements along with Egyptian actress Safia El Emari, South Korean actress Yoon Jeong-hee, American actor Richard Gere, and French actress Juliette Binoche during the opening of the 34th Cairo International Film Festival.

Richard Gere
Richard Tiffany Gere (/ɡɪər/ GHEER; born August 31, 1949) is an American actor. He began appearing in films in the 1970s, playing a supporting role in Looking for Mr. Goodbar (1977) and a starring role in Days of Heaven (1978). Gere came to prominence with his role in the film American Gigolo (1980), which established him as a leading man and a sex symbol. Gere's other films include An Officer and a Gentleman (1982), The Cotton Club (1984), Internal Affairs (1990), Pretty Woman (1990), Sommersby (1993), First Knight (1995), Primal Fear (1996), Runaway Bride (1999), Unfaithful (2002), Shall We Dance? (2004), I'm Not There (2007), Arbitrage (2012) and Norman (2016). For portraying Billy Flynn in the musical Chicago (2002), he won a Golden Globe Award.
Gamify (TV series)
Gamify is an Australian children's TV program which airs on 10 Peach on Network 10. It was hosted by Jesse Baird (J.B.) and premiered on 22 February 2019 on 10 Peach at 8 am. The show follows three 12–14 year old teen adventurers, who are picked by the Global Expedition Organisation (GEO) to engage in a mission.

They must complete many action-packed, real-world adventure challenges to beat the game to win a prize, which have included an Event Cinemas ticket for the group, vouchers to iPlay Adventure Australia, gift cards for EB Games Australia, Kingpin Bowling or Urban Xtreme and special game prize packs from uGames Australia. The participants must help GEO in their fight against the HAVOC Organisation (also known as Anarchy Labs) by completing the 3 different challenges and ranking as high as possible.

EB Games
EB Games (previously known as Electronics Boutique) is an international video game brand that is used by multiple retailers that are trading in Canada and Australia.

Originally established as an American company in 1977 by James Kim in Philadelphia, Electronics Boutique sold calculators, radios and digital watches before pivoting towards sales of computers and software products. In the mid-1990s, Electronics Boutique became a video game retailer, later expanding internationally across Canada, Europe and Australia. In 2002, it was renamed from Electronics Boutique to EB Games, with some stores also trading as EBX and EB World.

In October 2005, EB Games accepted a takeover deal from rival GameStop Corp. for $1.44 billion, who phased out the EB name in the United States, renaming all American outlets to GameStop. The EB name still survives in Canada and Australia due to local brand recognition, with the name used under franchise agreements from GameStop Corp.
Boroduli
Boroduli (Russian: Бородули) is a rural locality (a village) and the administrative center of Borodulskoye Rural Settlement, Vereshchaginsky District, Perm Krai, Russia. The population was 476 as of 2010. There are 23 streets.

Perm Krai
Perm Krai (Russian: Пе́рмский край, romanized: Permskiy kray, IPA: [ˈpʲɛrmskʲɪj ˈkraj]; Komi-Permyak: Перем ладор, romanized: Perem lador) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai), located in Eastern Europe. Its administrative center is Perm. The population of the krai was 2,532,405 (2021 Census).

The krai was formed on 1 December 2005 as a result of the 2004 referendum on the merger of Perm Oblast and Komi-Permyak Autonomous Okrug. Komi-Permyak Okrug retained its autonomous status within Perm Krai during the transitional period of 2006–2008. It also retained a budget separate from that of the krai, keeping all federal transfers. Starting in 2009, Komi-Permyak Okrug's budget became subject to the budgeting law of Perm Krai. The transitional period was implemented in part because Komi-Permyak Okrug relied heavily on federal subsidies, and an abrupt cut would have been detrimental to its economy.

The final period of the Paleozoic era, the Permian, is named after the Perm region.
Notre-Dame de La Haye Church
Notre-Dame de La Haye is a former parish church in the town of Descartes, in the French department of Indre-et-Loire.

The church, a former castral chapel founded in the Romanesque period but enlarged in the Gothic style, became a parish church. It retained this status until the French Revolution, when it was sold as national property.

Converted into a barn, its condition gradually deteriorated. Restoration work began in the 1980s, and the church was listed as a historic monument in 1981 and again in 1994.

Indre-et-Loire
Indre-et-Loire (French pronunciation: [ɛ̃.dʁ‿e.lwaʁ] ⓘ) is a department in west-central France named after the Indre River and Loire River. In 2019, it had a population of 610,079. Sometimes referred to as Touraine, the name of the historic region, it is nowadays part of the Centre-Val de Loire region. Its prefecture is Tours and subprefectures are Chinon and Loches. Indre-et-Loire is a touristic destination for its numerous monuments that are part of the Châteaux of the Loire Valley.
History of abortion law debate
In the earliest written sources, abortion is not considered as a general category of crime. Rather, specific kinds of abortion are prohibited, for various social and political reasons. In the earliest texts, it can be difficult to discern to what extent a particular religious injunction held force as secular law. In later texts, the rationale for abortion laws may be sought in a wide variety of fields including philosophy, religion, and jurisprudence. These rationales were not always included in the wording of the actual laws.

Quickening
In pregnancy terms, quickening is the moment in pregnancy when the mother starts to feel the fetus's movement in the uterus. It was believed in ancient philosophy (an idea that was later adopted by some religions and legal theories) that the quickening marked the moment that a soul entered the fetus, termed ensoulment.
Anatoli Kirilov
Anatoli Kirilov (Bulgarian: Анатоли Кирилов) (died 21 May 2009) was a Bulgarian professional football player and manager. Kirilov, who was manager of Spartak Varna at the time, died on 21 May 2009 in a car accident, at the age of 42.

FC Spartak Varna
FC Spartak Varna (Bulgarian: Футболен клуб „Спартак“ Варна) is a Bulgarian association football club based in Varna, which currently competes in the First League, the top level of Bulgarian football league system. Spartak plays its home matches at the local Stadion Spartak.

Founded in 1918, Spartak Varna established itself as one of the early pioneering clubs in Bulgarian football. Spartak won the Bulgarian league in 1932, and was runner up in 1931 and 1933. Spartak has spent the majority of its existence in the first tier of Bulgarian football, with the club’s most recent top flight participation being season 2022–2023.

Spartak's nickname is the "Falcons", and the club has a rivalry with fellow Varna-based club, Cherno More Varna. Matches between the two sides are known as the "Derby of Varna". The two sides even used to share the Yuri Gagarin Stadium before it was demolished.
Cyber Knight
Cyber Knight (サイバーナイト, Saibā Naito) is a science fiction PC Engine and Super Famicom role-playing video game that combines sci-fi space exploration with strategic robot combat. This game is intended for experienced role-playing gamers only. The random encounters are high even for a Japanese role-playing game with a mid-to-late 1992 Super Famicom release date (e.g., Dragon Quest V: Hand of the Heavenly Bride) and the combat sequences (using melee attacks in addition to missiles and guns) are extremely slow. Two years later, a sequel was released for this game titled Cyber Knight II: Chikyū Teikoku no Yabō. The games were only released commercially in Japan, however there are a fan-translations from Japanese to English by Aeon Genesis.

Combat
Combat is a purposeful violent conflict between multiple combatants with the intent to harm the opposition. Combat may be armed (using weapons) or unarmed (not using weapons). Combat is resorted to either as a method of self-defense or to impose one's will upon others. An instance of combat can be a standalone confrontation or part of a wider conflict, and its scale can range from a fight between individuals to a war between organized groups. Combat may also be benign and recreational, as in the cases of combat sports and mock combat.

Combat may comply with, or be in violation of, local or international laws regarding conflict. Examples of rules include the Geneva Conventions (covering the treatment of people in war), medieval chivalry, the Marquess of Queensberry Rules (covering boxing), and the individual rulesets of various combat sports.
Château de Linardié
Château de Linardié is the name for a once active cultural center located in the South West area of France seven kilometres from Gaillac in the Tarn, France. It operated for 10 years, from 1996 to 2006.

Gaillac
Gaillac (French pronunciation: [ɡajak] ⓘ; Occitan: Galhac) is a commune in the Tarn department in southern France. It had in 2013 a population of 14,334 inhabitants.

Its inhabitants are called Gaillacois.
Bob McCay
Robert Winsor McCay (June 21, 1896 – April 21, 1962) was an American cartoonist during the golden age of comic books. He worked professionally under the names R. Winsor McCay, Winsor McCay Jr., and Bob McCay. He was the son of cartoonist and animator Winsor McCay.

Golden Age of Comic Books
The Golden Age of Comic Books describes an era in the history of American comic books from 1938 to 1956. During this time, modern comic books were first published and rapidly increased in popularity. The superhero archetype was created and many well-known characters were introduced, including Superman, Batman, Robin, Captain Marvel, Captain America, and Wonder Woman.
Pratap Bose
Pratap Bose (born 1974) is an Indian born British automotive designer currently working in Mahindra and Mahindra. Before joining Mahindra, Pratap had been working in Tata Motors for 14 years. He had designed several models for Tata, including Tigor, Tiago, Nexon, Tata Harrier and new Safari.
Bose was also shortlisted for World Car Person of the Year 2021.

Tata Nexon
The Tata Nexon is a subcompact crossover SUV produced by the Indian automaker Tata Motors since 2017. It is the first crossover SUV from the brand and occupies the sub-4 metre crossover SUV segment in India.

The Nexon was presented as a production model in early 2016 and went on sale in 2017. It gained a battery electric version in late 2019, marketed as the Nexon EV. In January 2020, the Nexon was refreshed with a heavily revised front and rear design. In September 2023, a second facelift was presented. By March 2025, Tata has produced 800,000 Nexons.
Aznan Tamin
Aznan bin Tamin (Jawi: أزنن تمين, Malay pronunciation: [aznan]) is a Malaysian politician who has served as Member of the Johor State Executive Council (EXCO) in the Barisan Nasional (BN) state administration under Menteri Besar Onn Hafiz Ghazi since February 2024 and the Member of the Johor State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Tanjung Surat since March 2022. He is a member and the Division Youth Chief of Pengerang of the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), a component party of the BN coalition.

Tanjung Surat
Tanjung Surat is a state constituency in Johor, Malaysia, that is represented in the Johor State Legislative Assembly.

The state constituency was first contested in 2004 and is mandated to return a single Assemblyman to the Johor State Legislative Assembly under the first-past-the-post voting system.