hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Blockbuster bomb
A blockbuster bomb or cookie was one of several of the largest conventional bombs used in World War II by the Royal Air Force (RAF). The term blockbuster was originally a name coined by the press and referred to a bomb which had enough explosive power to destroy an entire street or large building through the effects of blast in conjunction with incendiary bombs.

Blast wave
In fluid dynamics, a blast wave is the increased pressure and flow resulting from the deposition of a large amount of energy in a small, very localised volume. The flow field can be approximated as a lead shock wave, followed by a similar subsonic flow field. In simpler terms, a blast wave is an area of pressure expanding supersonically outward from an explosive core. It has a leading shock front of compressed gases. The blast wave is followed by a blast wind of negative gauge pressure, which sucks items back in towards the center. The blast wave is harmful especially to objects very close to the center or at a location of constructive interference. High explosives that detonate generate blast waves.
Wąglów
Wąglów [ˈvɔŋɡluf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Stąporków, within Końskie County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) east of Stąporków, 15 km (9 mi) east of Końskie, and 30 km (19 mi) north of the regional capital Kielce.

Końskie
Końskie [ˈkɔɲskʲɛ] ⓘ (Yiddish: Kinsk, קינצק / קינסק) is a town in south-central Poland, with 20,328 inhabitants (2008), situated in the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship. Historically, Końskie belongs to the province of Lesser Poland, and since its foundation, until 1795 (see Partitions of Poland), it was part of Lesser Poland's Sandomierz Voivodeship.
Jeremy Pargo
Jeremy Raymon Pargo (born March 17, 1986) is an American professional basketball player. He played college basketball for the Gonzaga Bulldogs. In 2011 he reached the EuroLeague Final with Maccabi Tel Aviv, earning an All-EuroLeague Second Team selection in the process. He was the 2015 Israeli Basketball Premier League Assists Leader, and the 2016 Chinese Basketball Association assists leader. He is the younger brother of former NBA player Jannero Pargo.

Santa Cruz Warriors
The Santa Cruz Warriors are an American professional basketball team in the NBA G League based in Santa Cruz, California, and are affiliated with the Golden State Warriors. The Warriors play their home games at Kaiser Permanente Arena. Prior to the move to Santa Cruz for the 2012–13 season, the team was known as the Dakota Wizards. The team has won a championship in each of three leagues it has been a part of, and they are the only NBA G League team to reach the championship in three consecutive seasons.
Mike Viola
Michael Anthony Viola (born September 26, 1966) is an American producer, musician, songwriter, and singer, best known for his work with Panic! at the Disco, Andrew Bird, Ryan Adams, J.S. Ondara, Mandy Moore, and Jenny Lewis. His original music has been featured on soundtracks for movies such as That Thing You Do!, Walk Hard: The Dewey Cox Story, and Get Him to the Greek.

As a teenager in the early 1980s, Viola played Boston-area clubs with his band, the Bottom Line, and was billed as "Boston's youngest musical talent." His parents, Charlene and Larry Viola, bought his equipment and allowed their basement to be turned into a rehearsal room.

Viola got his major professional start in the mid-1990s as the musical architect for New York–based band Candy Butchers, releasing three critically acclaimed albums with RPM/Sony Records before focusing on music production.

Jenny Lewis
Jennifer Diane Lewis (born January 8, 1976) is an American singer-songwriter and actress. She is the lead singer, rhythm guitarist, and keyboardist for the indie rock band Rilo Kiley.

Lewis gained prominence in the 1980s as a child actress, appearing in the films Troop Beverly Hills (1989) and The Wizard (1989) and the television series Brooklyn Bridge (1991–93). In the mid-1990s, Lewis semi-retired from acting to focus on her musical career, and formed Rilo Kiley in 1998 with fellow former child actor Blake Sennett. Rilo Kiley released four albums before they disbanded in 2014.

Lewis has released five solo albums: Rabbit Fur Coat (2006), Acid Tongue (2008), The Voyager (2014), On the Line (2019), and Joy'All (2023). In addition to Rilo Kiley and her solo career, Lewis has been a member of The Postal Service, Jenny & Johnny, and Nice as Fuck.
European Athletics U18 Championships
The European Athletics U18 Championships (named as European Athletics Youth Championships in 2016) are a biennial athletics competition for European athletes under the age of eighteen (youth category).

The creation of the competition stemmed from the 2013 European Athletics Congress. The event was created to promote the sport among young people in Europe. Each country may send a maximum of two athletes per event. The European U18 Championships will be the third age category championships organised by the European Athletic Association, following on from the long-running European Athletics U20 Championships (first held in 1970) and the European Athletics U23 Championships (first held in 1997).

The first iteration of the championships took place in 2016. This means that the event serves in the alternate years between the European Youth Olympic Festival, another biennial under-18s event hosted by the European Olympic Committees.

European Youth Olympic Festival
The European Youth Olympic Festival (EYOF) is a biennial multi-sport event for youth (14 to 18 years old) athletes from the 50 member countries of the association of European Olympic Committees. The festival has a summer edition, held for the first time in Brussels in 1991, and a winter edition, which began two years later in Aosta. It was known as the European Youth Olympic Days from 1991 to 1999.
Rank of a partition
In number theory and combinatorics, the rank of an integer partition is a certain number associated with the partition. In fact at least two different definitions of rank appear in the literature.  The first definition, with which most of this article is concerned, is that the rank of a partition is the number obtained by subtracting the number of parts in the partition from the largest part in the partition. The concept was introduced by Freeman Dyson in a paper published in the journal Eureka.  It was presented in the context of a study of certain congruence properties of the partition function discovered by the Indian mathematical genius Srinivasa Ramanujan.  A different concept, sharing the same name, is used in combinatorics, where the rank is taken to be the size of the Durfee square of the partition.

Congruence relation
In abstract algebra, a congruence relation (or simply congruence) is an equivalence relation on an algebraic structure (such as a group, ring, or vector space) that is compatible with the structure in the sense that algebraic operations done with equivalent elements will yield equivalent elements.  Every congruence relation has a corresponding quotient structure, whose elements are the equivalence classes (or congruence classes) for the relation.
Claus Spreckels
Claus Spreckels (July 9, 1828 – December 26, 1908) was a German-born American industrialist in California and Hawaii, during the kingdom and republican periods of the islands' history. He founded or was involved in several enterprises, most notably the company that bears his name, Spreckels Sugar Company.

Sugar industry
The sugar industry subsumes the production, processing and marketing of sugars (mostly sucrose and fructose).  In 2017, worldwide production of table sugar amounted to 185 million tonnes.

Sugar is used for soft drinks, sweetened beverages, convenience foods, fast food, candy, confectionery, baked products, and other sweetened foods. Sugarcane is used in the distillation of rum. Sugarcane produces several valuable byproducts that play a significant role in supporting economic growth.

Globally in 2018, around 185 million tons of sugar was produced, led by India with 35.9 million tons, followed by Brazil and Thailand. There are more than 123 sugar-producing countries, but only 30% of the produce is traded on the international market.
2016 USC Trojans football team
The 2016 USC Trojans football team represented the University of Southern California in the 2016 NCAA Division I FBS football season. They played their home games at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum as part of the South Division of the Pac-12 Conference. They were led by head coach Clay Helton in his first full season after replacing Steve Sarkisian in the sixth game of the 2015 season. They finished the season 10–3, 7–2 in Pac-12 play to finish in second place in the South Division. They were invited to the Rose Bowl where they defeated Big Ten Conference champion Penn State.

Return specialist
A return specialist, subcategorized as kick or punt returners, is a player on the special teams unit of a gridiron football team who specializes in returning kickoffs and punts. There are few players who are exclusively return specialists; most also play another position such as wide receiver, cornerback, or running back. The special teams counterpart of a return specialist is a kicking specialist.

According to All-American Venric Mark, "Returning punts is harder. You have to judge the ball more, you have to know when to fair catch and when not to. You can't be a superhero and try to catch everything. With kickoff returns, you catch the ball and—boom—you're going."
Pelliciera
Pelliciera rhizophorae, known as the tea mangrove, is a less-common species of mangroves found along the Pacific coast from the Gulf of Nicoya in Costa Rica to the Esmeraldas River in Ecuador, as well as within stands located in Nicaragua, Panama, and Colombia. During eras such as the Cenozoic, the species was prevalent. The mangrove hummingbirds of Costa Rica live off the relatively large quantity of nectar produced by its prolific blooms. Pelliciera rhizophorae is the only species in the genus Pelliciera which was previously recognized as the only genus in the family Pellicieraceae, but is now included in the family Tetrameristaceae.

Gulf of Nicoya
The Gulf of Nicoya (Spanish: Golfo de Nicoya) is an inlet of the Pacific Ocean. It separates the Nicoya Peninsula from the mainland of Costa Rica, and encompasses a marine and coastal landscape of wetlands, rocky islands and cliffs.

The first Spanish landing in Nicaragua took place here in 1519.
Peter Archer (actor)
Peter Ian Archer (8 July 1948 – 13 April 2000) was an Australian martial artist, actor and entrepreneur. In 1973, He became famous for playing Parsons in the martial arts movie Enter the Dragon, starring Bruce Lee.

He started a company called Jackel Australia, which markets and distributes baby products and dye products in Australia.

He had a black belt in both Goju-ryu and Shotokan karate. He died of cancer in April 2000.

Archer studied Goju Ryu Karate in Seigo Tada's Odokan in Hong Kong, under Shogi Yuki.

Gōjū-ryū
Gōjū-ryū (剛柔流), Japanese for "hard-soft style", is one of the main traditional Okinawan styles of karate, featuring a combination of hard and soft techniques.

Gō, which means hard, refers to closed hand techniques or straight linear attacks; jū, which means soft, refers to open hand techniques and circular movements. Gōjū-ryū incorporates both circular and linear movements into its curriculum, combining hard striking attacks such as kicks and close hand punches with softer open hand circular techniques for attacking, blocking, and controlling the opponent, including joint locks, grappling, takedowns, and throws.

Major emphasis is given to breathing correctly in all of the kata but particularly in the two core kata of the style, Sanchin and Tensho. Gōjū-ryū practices methods that include body strengthening and conditioning, its basic approach to fighting (distance, stickiness, power generation, etc.), and partner drills.
32-20 Blues
"32-20 Blues" is a blues song by Delta blues musician Robert Johnson.  It was recorded during his second recording session in San Antonio, Texas, United States, on November 26, 1936.  The title refers to .32-20 Winchester ammunition, which could be used in handguns as well as smaller rifles.

The song is based on the Skip James song "22-20 Blues".  The song was released in April the following year on Vocalion Records as a 78 rpm record.  It was included on the first reissue of Johnson's songs, King of the Delta Blues Singers in 1961.  In 1990, it was released on compact disc as part of The Complete Recordings box set.

The song has been recorded by many artists, including Muddy Waters, the New York Dolls, Phil Manning, Bob Dylan, John Hammond Jr., Eric Clapton, Alexis Korner, Colin Hodgkinson (playing bass), Flamin' Groovies, Johnny Winter, Gov't Mule, Rory Block, the Peter Green Splinter Group, Keith Richards, Cowboy Junkies, Cassandra Wilson, Rusty Cage, Chain, and Peter Laughner.

The Complete Recordings (Robert Johnson album)
The Complete Recordings is a compilation album by American Delta blues musician Robert Johnson. The 41 songs were recorded in two sessions in Dallas and San Antonio, Texas, for the American Record Company (ARC) during 1936 and 1937. Most were first released on 78 rpm records in 1937.  The Complete Recordings, released August 28, 1990, by Columbia Records, contains every recording Johnson is known to have made, except an alternate take of "Traveling Riverside Blues".

The Complete Recordings peaked at number 80 on the Billboard 200 chart. The album sold more than a million copies and won a Grammy Award in 1991 for "Best Historical Album." In 1992, the Blues Foundation inducted the album into the Blues Hall of Fame. The National Recording Preservation Board also included it in the Library of Congress's National Recording Registry in 2003. Eric Clapton and Keith Richards contributed to the album's liner notes with essays on Johnson's influence on their music.
First Faymann government
The first government of Werner Faymann was sworn in on December 2, 2008. Following the resignation of Vice Chancellor and ÖVP party chairman Josef Pröll from all political functions, a cabinet reshuffle took place. The new government members were sworn in by the President of Austria on 21 April 2011.  The first Faymann government was succeeded by the Second Faymann government on December 16, 2013.

Cabinet reshuffle
A cabinet reshuffle or shuffle occurs when a head of government rotates or changes the composition of ministers in their cabinet, or when the head of state changes the head of government and a number of ministers. They are more common in parliamentary systems than in systems where cabinet heads must be confirmed by a separate legislative body, and occur frequently in autocratic systems.

A shadow cabinet reshuffle may take place to change positions in a shadow cabinet.
Emma Willis (gymnast)
Emma Willis (born 27 August 1992) is a Canadian female artistic gymnast and part of the national team.  She participated at the 2010 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships in Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

2010 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships
The 2010 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships was held at the Rotterdam Ahoy indoor sporting arena in the Netherlands from 16 to 24 October 2010. In this year's championships, there was a total of 73 participating federations with 615 gymnasts (343 men and 272 women). 53 men's and 44 women's teams competed.
Teutsche Academie
The German Academy of the Noble Arts of Architecture, Sculpture and Painting, or Teutsche Academie, refers to a comprehensive dictionary of art by Joachim von Sandrart published in the late 17th century. The first version was published in 1675 and it included a compilation of artist biographies  that were later accompanied by illustrations by Richard Collin for a 1683 Latin edition by Christianus Rhodius. The list of portrait illustrations follows and is in page order. Most of the biographies were translated into German from earlier work by Karel van Mander and Cornelis de Bie, but Sandrart had travelled extensively in Europe and added many original biographies of German-born artists to his list. The illustrated portraits of artists born before his time were mostly based on 17th-century engravings by Hieronymus Cock and Jan Meyssens, many of which had also been re-published in De Bie's Het Gulden Cabinet.

Hieronymus Cock
Hieronymus Cock, or Hieronymus Wellens de Cock, (1518 – 3 October 1570) was a Flemish painter and etcher as well as a publisher and distributor of prints.  Cock is regarded as one of the most important print publishers of his time in northern Europe. His publishing house played a key role in the transformation of printmaking from an activity of individual artists and craftsmen into an industry based on division of labour.  His house published more than 1,100 prints between 1548 and his death in 1570, a vast number by earlier standards.

While far more important and influential as a publisher, Cock was also an artist of talent, as seen in his last series of 12 landscape etchings of 1558, which are somewhat in the fantastic style of the paintings of his brother Matthys Cock.  Altogether he etched 62 plates.
Teresa Glenc
Teresa Glenc (born 27 May 1958) is a Polish politician. She was elected to the Sejm (9th term) representing the constituency of Bielsko-Biała II. She previously also served in the 8th term of the Sejm (2015–2019).

9th term Sejm and 10th term Senate of Poland
The 9th term Sejm and the 10th term Senate was the legislature of the Republic of Poland following the 2019 Polish parliamentary election held on 13 October 2019 which returned 460 deputies to the Sejm and 100 senators to the Senate.

The Parliament of Poland held its inaugural meeting on 12 November 2019. Its term ended on 12 November 2023.
The Brothers Schellenberg
The Brothers Schellenberg (German: Die Brüder Schellenberg) is a 1926 German silent drama film directed by Karl Grune and starring Conrad Veidt, Lil Dagover and Liane Haid. It was shot at the Babelsberg Studios in Berlin with sets designed by the art director Karl Görge. It was based on a novel by Bernhard Kellermann. It premiered at the Palast-am-Zoo.

Ufa-Palast am Zoo
The Ufa-Palast am Zoo, located near Berlin Zoological Garden in the New West area of Charlottenburg, was a major Berlin cinema owned by Universum Film AG, or Ufa. Opened in 1919 and enlarged in 1925, it was the largest cinema in Germany until 1929 and was one of the main locations of film premières in the country. The building was destroyed in November 1943 during the Bombing of Berlin in World War II and replaced in 1957 by the Zoo Palast.
Method of mean weighted residuals
In applied mathematics, methods of mean weighted residuals (MWR) are methods for solving differential equations.  The solutions of these differential equations are assumed to be well approximated by a finite sum of test functions .  In such cases, the selected method of weighted residuals is used to find the coefficient value of each corresponding test function.  The resulting coefficients are made to minimize the error between the linear combination of test functions, and actual solution, in a chosen norm.

Applied mathematics
Applied mathematics is the application of mathematical methods by different fields such as physics, engineering, medicine, biology, finance, business, computer science, social science, and industry. Thus, applied mathematics is a combination of mathematical science and specialized knowledge. The term "applied mathematics" also describes the professional specialty in which mathematicians work on practical problems by formulating and studying mathematical models.

In the past, practical applications have motivated the development of mathematical theories, which then became the subject of study in pure mathematics where abstract concepts are studied for their own sake. The activity of applied mathematics is thus intimately connected with research in pure mathematics.
Nizhny Chiryurt
Nizhny Chiryurt (Russian: Нижний Чирюрт; Avar: Гъокь Гелбахъ) is a rural locality (a selo) in Kizilyurtovsky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. The population was 1,509 as of 2010. There are 58 streets.

Avar language
Avar (авар мацӏ, avar maⱬ [ʔaˈwar mat͡sʼː] or магӏарул мацӏ, maⱨarul maⱬ [maʕarul mat͡sʼː], 'language of the mountains'), also known as Avaric, is a Northeast Caucasian language of the Avar–Andic subgroup that is spoken by Avars, primarily in Dagestan. In 2010, there were approximately one million speakers in Dagestan and elsewhere in Russia.
Kona railway station
Kona railway station is a railway station on Santragachi–Amta branch line of South Eastern Railway section of the Kharagpur railway division. It is situated beside Benaras Road, Khaliya at Kona in Howrah district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

South Eastern Railway zone
The South Eastern Railway (abbreviated SER) is one of the 19 railway zones in India. It is headquartered at Garden Reach, Kolkata, West Bengal, India. It comprises Adra railway division, Chakradharpur railway division, Kharagpur railway division and Ranchi railway division.
David Yurchenko
David Viktorovich Yurchenko (Armenian: Դավիթ Յուրչենկո; Russian: Давид Викторович Юрченко; born 27 March 1986) is a former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper. Born in Turkmenistan, Yurchenko represented the Armenia national football team.

Armenian Premier League
The Armenian Premier League (Armenian: Հայաստանի Պրեմիեր Լիգա, known as the Armenian Fastex Premier League for sponsorship reasons) is the top football competition in Armenia. From 1936 to 1991, the competition was held as a regional tournament within the USSR. Following Armenia's independence, the Football Federation of Armenia has been the governing authority of the league. Over the years, the league has evolved into a small league consisting of ten teams. The winner of the league is awarded a spot in the first qualifying round of the UEFA Champions League.
Martín Vidaurre
Martín Vidaurre Kossmann (born 18 February 2000) is a Chilean cross-country mountain biker. He competed in the cross-country races at the 2020 Summer Olympics and the 2024 Summer Olympics. He also won the bronze medal in the cross-country race at the 2019 Pan American Games and silver medal in the same discipline at the 2023 Pan American Games.

Cycling at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Men's cross-country
The men's cross-country mountain biking event at the 2024 Summer Olympics took place at 
Colline d'Élancourt (Elancourt Hill) which is the highest point in the Paris region. 36 cyclists from 28 nations competed. The gold medal was awarded to the defending 2020 Olympic champion Tom Pidcock.
Stella K. Abraham High School for Girls
Stella K. Abraham High School for Girls is a Modern Orthodox Jewish day school, a college preparatory high school for grades 9–12, located in Hewlett Bay Park in Nassau County, New York, United States.

The school is part of the Hebrew Academy of Long Beach which purchased the former Lawrence Country Day School 9.2-acre (37,000 m2) campus in 1992 for $2.2 million. Academics at the school focuses both on the Limudei Kodesh (Torah studies) curriculum and in secular non-Jewish studies. The school is accredited by the New York State Board of Regents and has been accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools since 1999. It was renamed for longtime resident Stella K. Abraham in 1994.

Board of Regents of the University of the State of New York
The Board of Regents of the University of the State of New York is responsible for the general supervision of all educational activities within New York State, presiding over the University of the State of New York and the New York State Education Department.