hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Brumunda
Brumunda is a river in Innlandet county, Norway. The 32.2-kilometre (20.0 mi) long river begins at the lake Brumundsjøen on the border of Ringsaker Municipality and Hamar Municipality. The river begins at the lake, just north of Høljemyra and continues in a southerly direction to the south of Bersbuseter. The river ends at the town of Brumunddal where it flows into the lake Mjøsa, a few kilometres north of the town of Hamar.

The river Brumunda serves as the border between the Church of Norway parishes of Furnes and Veldre. During the Middle Ages, the river was the border between southern and northern Hedemarken. It still serves as the border between the southern and northern variants of the Hedmarksk dialect. North of the river people use ei and øy, while on the south side they say e and ø.

Hamar Municipality
Hamar Municipality (Norwegian: Hamar kommune; [ˈhɑ̂ːmɑr] ⓘ) is a municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Hedmarken. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Hamar. Other settlements in Hamar include Hjellum, Slemsrud, Ridabu, Ingeberg, and Ilseng.

The 351-square-kilometre (136 sq mi) municipality is the 250th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Hamar Municipality is the 31st most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 33,441. The municipality's population density is 95.3 inhabitants per square kilometre (247/sq mi) and its population has increased by 11.4% over the previous 10-year period.

Among the municipality's responsibilities of local government, it also runs nine primary and three lower secondary schools, with a combined 3,115 pupils. The municipality also owns the power company Hamar Energi, and the sports venues Briskeby Arena, Vikingskipet, and Hamar Olympic Amphitheatre.
International Wind- and Watermill Museum
The International Wind- and Watermill Museum (German: Internationales Wind- und Wassermühlen-Museum), at Gifhorn in the German state of Lower Saxony, is the only one of its kind in Europe. On the museum's open-air site, which covers an area of around 16 hectares (40 acres), there are currently 16 mills from 12 different countries (as of 2009). The mills are either original or faithful reproductions and are set in landscapes typical of their origins. Right across the site are historic artefacts associated with mills and the milling industry. The museum site is easily accessed by road; nearby is the intersection between the B 4 and B 188 federal highways. The museum is station 65 on the Lower Saxon Mill Road.

Windmill
A windmill is a machine operated by the force of wind acting on vanes or sails to mill grain (gristmills), pump water, generate electricity, or drive other machinery.
Windmills were used throughout the high medieval and early modern periods; the horizontal or panemone windmill first appeared in Persia during the 9th century, and the vertical windmill first appeared in northwestern Europe in the 12th century. Regarded as an icon of Dutch culture, there are approximately 1,000 windmills in the Netherlands today.
Tom Scrimenti
Thomas J. Scrimenti (born January 28, 1960) is a former Democratic member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives.

He is a 1978 graduate of North East High School in North East, Pennsylvania. He earned a degree in criminal justice from Gannon University in 1984.

He served as member of the school board of the North East School District from 1979 to 1981 and as mayor of North East, Pennsylvania from 1982 to 1989. He was first elected to represent the 4th legislative district in the Pennsylvania House of Representatives in 1988. He was defeated for re-election in the 2004 election by Republican Curt Sonney.

Gannon University
Gannon University is a private Catholic university with campuses in Erie, Pennsylvania, and Ruskin, Florida, United States. Established in 1925, Gannon University enrolls about 4,600 undergraduate and graduate students annually. Its intercollegiate athletics include 18 athletic programs for men and women competing at the NCAA Division II level. It plans to merge with Ursuline College by the end of 2026.
Umskiye Dvory
Umskiye Dvory (Russian: Умские Дворы) is a rural locality (Russian: деревня, lit. 'village') in Verkhnekhotemlsky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Fatezhsky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population:  50 (2010 Census); 67 (2002 Census);

Kursk Oblast
Kursk Oblast (Russian: Курская область, romanized: Kurskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [ˈkurskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Kursk. As of the 2021 census, Kursk Oblast had a population of 1,082,458.
Buddug Williams
Buddug Williams (1932 – 24 July 2021) was a Welsh actress, best known for her roles in the long-running television soap Pobol y Cwm on S4C – first as the mother of Sabrina and Reg. She had a long-running role playing 'Anti' Marian Rees – the fearsome, gossipy, opinionated shopkeeping auntie of the hapless Denzil – from 2000 to 2016. The character died in her sleep in her armchair at Penrhewl farm.

Prior to her acting career, Williams worked as a teacher. Her autobiography, Merch o'r Cwm, written in Welsh, was published in 2008. In it she described her upbringing in Cefneithin and mentioned her friendships with Ronnie Williams and Carwyn James. Williams died on 24 July 2021, at the age of 88.

Pobol y Cwm
Pobol y Cwm (People of the Valley; Welsh pronunciation: [ˈpɔbɔl ə ˈkʊm]) is a Welsh-language soap opera produced by the BBC since October 1974. The longest-running television soap opera produced by the BBC, Pobol y Cwm was originally transmitted on BBC Cymru (now BBC One Wales) and later transferred to the Welsh-language station S4C when it opened in November 1982.

The programme typically centres around the residents of Cwmderi – a fictional, Welsh speaking, agricultural community. Its original working title was Pentrefelin.

Apart from rugby and football specials, Pobol y Cwm is consistently one of the most watched programmes of the week on S4C. On 25 September 2019, the soap hit a significant broadcasting landmark when it aired its 8,000th episode. On 16 October 2024, the show celebrated its 50th anniversary with an extended-length episode. In addition, the set was opened to the public with tours available around the studios and the main high street.
Minisuperspace
The minisuperspace in physics, especially in theories of quantum gravity, is an approximation of the otherwise infinite-dimensional phase space of a field theory.
The phase space is reduced by considering the largest wavelength modes to be of the order of the size of the universe when studying cosmological models and removing all larger modes.
The validity of this approximation holds as long as the adiabatic approximation (in the sense of the adiabatic theorem) holds.

An example would be to only consider the scale factor and Hubble constant for a Friedman–Robertson–Walker model in minisuperspace model the small true vacuum bubble which is nearly spherical with one single parameter of the scalar factor a is described as minisuperspace. It plays a significant role in the explanation of the origin of universe as a bubble in quantum cosmological theory.

Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker metric
The Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker metric (FLRW; /ˈfriːdmən ləˈmɛtrə ... /) is a metric that describes a homogeneous, isotropic, expanding (or otherwise, contracting) universe that is path-connected, but not necessarily simply connected. The general form of the metric follows from the geometric properties of homogeneity and isotropy. Depending on geographical or historical preferences, the set of the four scientists – Alexander Friedmann, Georges Lemaître, Howard P. Robertson, and Arthur Geoffrey Walker – is variously grouped as Friedmann, Friedmann–Robertson–Walker (FRW), Robertson–Walker (RW), or Friedmann–Lemaître (FL).  When combined with Einstein's field equations, the metric gives the Friedmann equation, which has been developed into the Standard Model of modern cosmology and further developed into the Lambda-CDM model.
Wrestling at the 1936 Summer Olympics – Men's Greco-Roman featherweight
The men's Greco-Roman featherweight competition at the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin took place from 6 August to 9 August at the Deutschlandhalle. Nations were limited to one competitor. This weight class was limited to wrestlers weighing up to 61 kg.

This Greco-Roman wrestling competition continued to use the "bad points" elimination system introduced at the 1928 Summer Olympics, with a slight modification. Each round featured all wrestlers pairing off and wrestling one bout (with one wrestler having a bye if there were an odd number). The loser received 3 points if the loss was by fall or unanimous decision and 2 points if the decision was 2-1 (this was the modification from prior years, where all losses were 3 points). The winner received 1 point if the win was by decision and 0 points if the win was by fall. At the end of each round, any wrestler with at least 5 points was eliminated.

Deutschlandhalle
Deutschlandhalle was an arena located in the Westend neighbourhood of Berlin, Germany. It was inaugurated on 29 November 1935 by Adolf Hitler. The building was granted landmark status in 1995, but was demolished on 3 December 2011.
Cane Pace
The Cane Pace is a harness horse race for standardbred pacers contested annually since 1955. The race was first run as the William H. Cane Futurity in 1955 at Yonkers Raceway in New York. In 1956 the race joined with the Little Brown Jug and the Messenger Stakes to become the first leg in the Triple Crown of Harness Racing for Pacers.

The Cane Pace of 2004 resulted in the only dead heat in the race's history and one where the two horses had the same trainer and owner.

As of 2023, the Cane Pace is held at the Meadowlands Racetrack in New Jersey as part of the undercard for the Hambletonian Stakes, the first leg of the Triple Crown of Harness Racing for Trotters.

Harness racing
Harness racing is a form of horse racing in which the horses race at a specific gait (a trot or a pace). They usually pull a two-wheeled cart called a sulky, spider, or chariot occupied by a driver. In Europe, and less frequently in Australia and New Zealand, races with jockeys riding directly on saddled trotters (trot monté in French) are also conducted.
Puli (car)
The Puli was a microcar made in Hungary by HÓDGÉP of Hódmezővásárhely in 1986.

The car was 2.46 m long and was assembled using parts made by Ikarus, Škoda, Lada and Polski Fiat, which were available at that time in the country. It was powered by a Diesel engine producing 4 kW, or an electric motor producing 7.4 kW.

The body was made from reinforced glass fibre, and was intended to be exported mainly to France where no driving licence was needed to drive that category of vehicles. The company's profile was agricultural machinery building and did not survive the political-economical transition of Hungary to a market economy at the end of the 1980s.

The electric version was produced in 1991 under the name Puli Pinguin 4.

In 2006 the Puli returned under the ownership of Prokop Gábor. Prokop holds the Puli and Wartburg trade marks.

Škoda Auto
Škoda Auto a.s. (Czech pronunciation: [ˈʃkoda] ⓘ), often shortened to Škoda, is a Czech automobile manufacturer established in 1896 as the successor to Laurin & Klement and headquartered in Mladá Boleslav, Czech Republic. Škoda Works became state owned in 1948. After the Velvet Revolution, it was gradually privatized starting in 1991, eventually becoming a wholly owned subsidiary of the German multinational conglomerate Volkswagen Group in 2000.

Škoda automobiles are sold in over 100 countries, and in 2018, total global sales reached 1.25 million units, an increase of 4.4% from the previous year. The operating profit was €1.6 billion in 2017, an increase of 34.6% over the previous year. As of 2017, Škoda's profit margin was the second-highest of all Volkswagen AG brands after Porsche.

Its slogan was “Simply Clever” until 2022, when a new brand identity and a new slogan "Let's Explore" were introduced.
Eleutherius Bogoyavlensky
Eleutherius, secular name Dmitri Yakovlevich Bogoyavlensky (born 14 October 1870, 1868, or 1869 in Stary Oskol; died 31 December 1940 in Vilnius), was a clergyman of the Russian Orthodox Church. As Bishop of Vilnius and Lithuania, he served from 1919 to 1922 in the territories of the Second Polish Republic, actively opposing efforts for the Polish Orthodox Church to gain autocephaly. Expelled from Poland, he resided in Kaunas until 1939. He contributed to the revival of Orthodox parish life in Lithuanian territories. From 1931 to 1940, he held the title of Metropolitan of Vilnius and Lithuania alongside the title of Exarch of Western Europe.

Stary Oskol
Stary Oskol (Russian: Ста́рый Оско́л, IPA: [ˈstarɨj ɐˈskol]) is a city in Belgorod Oblast, Russia, located 618 kilometers (384 mi) south of Moscow. Population: 221,678 (2021 census); 221,085 (2010 census); 215,898 (2002 census); 173,917 (1989 Soviet census). It is called Stary Oskol (lit. 'Old Oskol') to distinguish it from Novy Oskol (lit. 'New Oskol') located 60 kilometres (37 mi) south. Both are on the Oskol River.
Edson Mitchell
Edson Mitchell (May 19, 1953 – December 22, 2000) was an American investment banker and executive. He served as the head of Deutsche Bank's global markets organization. During his tenure, he transformed the bank into a major and highly profitable player in trading bonds, securities and foreign currencies. Mitchell was one of the first two Americans to be appointed to the nine-member management board of Deutsche Bank. He was a descendant of Swedish immigrants.

Colby College
Colby College is a private liberal arts college in Waterville, Maine, United States. Founded in 1813 as the Maine Literary and Theological Institution, it was renamed Waterville College in 1821. The donations of Christian philanthropist Gardner Colby saw the institution renamed again to Colby University before settling on its current title, reflecting its liberal arts college curriculum, in 1899. Approximately 2,000 students from more than 60 countries are enrolled annually. The college offers 54 major fields of study and 30 minors.

Located in central Maine, the 714-acre Neo-Georgian campus sits atop Mayflower Hill and overlooks downtown Waterville and the Kennebec River Valley. Along with fellow Maine institutions Bates College and Bowdoin College, Colby competes in the New England Small College Athletic Conference (NESCAC) and the Colby-Bates-Bowdoin Consortium.
1972–73 FIBA European Champions Cup
The 1972–73 FIBA European Champions Cup was the 16th installment of the European top-tier level professional basketball club competition FIBA European Champions Cup (now called EuroLeague). The Final was held at the Country Hall du Sart Tilman, in Liège, Belgium, on March 22, 1973. It was won by Ignis Varese for the second time in a row. They defeated CSKA Moscow in the finals, by a result of 71–66.

EuroLeague Championship Game
The EuroLeague Championship Game is the championship basketball final of the EuroLeague competition. The EuroLeague is the highest level tier, and most important professional competition of club basketball in Europe. Over the years, the EuroLeague's Championship Game, has also previously been known as the EuroLeague Final, the EuroLeague Finals, the EuroLeague Grand Final, and the EuroLeague Grand Finale.

Real Madrid have won the EuroLeague championship on 11 occasions, more than any other club, with its most recent victory coming in 2023. Fenerbahçe of Istanbul, is the current holder of the EuroLeague championship, as of 2025.
Agrostology
Agrostology (from Greek ἄγρωστις, agrōstis, "type of grass"; and -λογία, -logia), sometimes graminology, is the scientific study of the grasses (the family Poaceae, or Gramineae). The grasslike species of the sedge family (Cyperaceae), the rush family (Juncaceae), and the bulrush or cattail family (Typhaceae) are often included with the true grasses in the category of graminoid, although strictly speaking these are not included within the study of agrostology. In contrast to the word graminoid, the words gramineous and graminaceous are normally used to mean "of, or relating to, the true grasses (Poaceae)".

Agrostology has importance in the maintenance of wild and grazed grasslands, agriculture (crop plants such as rice, maize, sugarcane, and wheat are grasses, and many types of animal fodder are grasses), urban and environmental horticulture, turfgrass management and sod production, ecology, and conservation.

Juncaceae
Juncaceae is a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the rush family.  It consists of 7 genera and about 464 known species  of slow-growing, rhizomatous, herbaceous monocotyledonous plants that may superficially resemble grasses and sedges. They often grow on infertile soils in a wide range of moisture conditions. The best-known and largest genus is Juncus. Most of the Juncus species grow exclusively in wetland habitats. A few rushes, such as Juncus bufonius are annuals, but most are perennials. Despite the apparent similarity, Juncaceae are not counted among the plants with the vernacular name bulrush.
Howe & Howe Technologies
Howe & Howe Technologies (H&H, H and H, or HH) is an American private business headquartered in Waterboro, Maine that specializes in the development, manufacturing, fabrication and design of specialized armored and military-grade-spec vehicles, most notably the Ripsaw combat vehicle. Other products include the Badger, recognized as the world's smallest armored assault vehicle by Guinness World Records and the SR1, or Subterranean Rover 1. The Ripsaw is claimed to be the world's fastest dual tracked vehicle.

H&H is run by twin brothers Michael "Mike" and Geoffrey "Geoff" Howe. Mike is the president of the company and chief engineer while Geoff is the CEO and company manager.

The company is also featured in Howe & Howe Tech, a reality television series produced by Authentic Entertainment for the Discovery Channel.

Howe & Howe Technologies was acquired by Textron Systems in 2018.

Textron
Textron Inc. is an American industrial  conglomerate based in Providence, Rhode Island. Textron's subsidiaries include Bell Textron, Kautex, Textron Aviation (which itself includes the Beechcraft and Cessna brands), and Lycoming Engines. It was founded by Royal Little in 1923 as the Special Yarns Company. In 2020, Textron employed over 33,000 people in 25 countries.
The company ranked 265th on the 2021 Fortune 500 of the largest United States corporations by revenue.
Amfiteatrof Music Festival
Amfiteatrof Music Festival (previously known as Festival Massimo Amfiteatrof) is a classical and chamber music festival based in Levanto, an Italian Comune in the ligurian Riviera,  between Genoa and La Spezia, since 1992. 
The festival pays tribute to Massimo Amfiteatrof (born Maksim Aleksandrovich Amfiteatrov), one of the greatest cellist of the 20th century, dubbed as the "Cellists' Caruso" (Italian: "il Caruso dei Violoncellisti"), who moved from St. Petersburg to Italy in the early 1920s, settling first in Cavi, a frazione of Lavagna, and then in Levanto, where he died in 1990. During his lifetime Amfiteatrof worked with Arturo Toscanini and Fabrizio De André and collaborated with EIAR and subsequently with RAI. 
The Festival has been being organized by Associazione Festival Massimo Amfiteatrof Levanto since its beginning and the administrative board is currently led by president Angela Fenwick

Ente Italiano per le Audizioni Radiofoniche
Ente Italiano per le Audizioni Radiofoniche (EIAR, "Italian Body for Radio Broadcasting") was the public service broadcaster in Fascist Italy and the only entity permitted to broadcast by the government.
BD−17 63
BD−17 63 is a K-type main-sequence star in the southern constellation Cetus. It is a 10th magnitude star at a distance of 113 light-years from Earth. The star is rotating slowly with a negligible level of magnetic activity and an age of over 4 billion years.

The star BD-17 63 is named Felixvarela. The name was selected in the NameExoWorlds campaign by Cuba, during the 100th anniversary of the IAU. Felix Varela (1788–1853) was the first to teach science in Cuba.

Stellar magnetic field
A stellar magnetic field is a magnetic field generated by the motion of conductive plasma inside a star. This motion is created through convection, which is a form of energy transport involving the physical movement of material. A localized magnetic field exerts a force on the plasma, effectively increasing the pressure without a comparable gain in density. As a result, the magnetized region rises relative to the remainder of the plasma, until it reaches the star's photosphere. This creates starspots on the surface, and the related phenomenon of coronal loops.
Mansour (singer)
Mansour Jafari Mamaghani (Persian: منصور جعفری مَمَقانی, born 28 July 1971), better known as Mansour, is an Iranian Azerbaijani musical artist specializing in Iranian traditional music based in Southern California.

Persian traditional music
Persian traditional music or Iranian  traditional music, also known as Persian classical music or Iranian classical music, refers to the classical music of Iran (historically known as Persia). It consists of characteristics developed through the country's classical, medieval, and contemporary eras. It also influenced areas and regions that are considered part of Greater Iran.

Due to the exchange of musical science throughout history, many of Iran's classical modes are related to those of its neighboring cultures.

Iran's classical art music continues to function as a spiritual tool, as it has throughout history, and much less of a recreational activity. It belongs, for the most part, to the social elite, as opposed to the folkloric and popular music, in which the society as a whole participates. However, components of Iran's classical music have also been incorporated into folk and pop music compositions.
Kanto Open
The Kanto Open was a professional golf tournament in Japan. It was founded in 1950 and was last played in 1999. It was an event on the Japan Golf Tour from 1973 to 1991. It was played in September at a variety of courses in the Kantō region.

Japan Golf Tour
The Japan Golf Tour (Japanese: 日本ゴルフツアー機構) is a prominent professional golf tour. It was founded in 1973 and as of 2006, it offered the third-highest annual prize fund out of the regular (that is not for seniors) men's professional tours after the PGA Tour and the European Tour. However, since the early 1990s, the growth in prize money has not kept pace with that on the two larger tours. Official events on the Japan Golf Tour count for Official World Golf Ranking points and success on the tour can also qualify members to play in the majors.
Paul Cauthen
Paul Mark Cauthen (born 1985/1986) is an American singer-songwriter from East Texas. He started his music career in an Americana/indie folk rock duo called Sons of Fathers, before turning solo. He has released four albums and an EP as a solo artist, the most recent being Black on Black released on 25 October, 2024.

San Marcos, Texas
San Marcos (/ˌsæn ˈmɑːrkəs/) is a city and the county seat of Hays County, Texas, United States. The city is a part of the Greater Austin Metropolitan Area. San Marcos's limits extend into Caldwell and Guadalupe counties, as well. San Marcos is on the Interstate 35 corridor between Austin and San Antonio. Its population was 44,894 at the 2010 census and 67,553 at the 2020 census.
Founded on the banks of the San Marcos River, the area is thought to be among the oldest continuously inhabited sites in the Americas. San Marcos is home to Texas State University and the Meadows Center for Water and the Environment.

In 2010, San Marcos was listed in Business Week's fourth annual survey of the "Best Places to Raise your Kids". In 2013 and 2014, the United States Census Bureau named it the fastest-growing city in the United States. In December 2013, it was named number nine on Business Insider's list of the "10 Most Exciting Small Cities In America".