hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2025–26 EFL Trophy
The 2025–26 EFL Trophy, known as the Vertu Trophy for sponsorship reasons, is the 45th season in the history of the competition, and is a knock-out tournament for clubs in EFL League One and League Two, the third and fourth tiers of the English football league system, as well as the "Academy teams" of 16 Premier League teams.

The defending champions were Peterborough United, who defeated Birmingham City 2–0 in the previous season's final, but they were knocked out of round of 32 by Swindon Town. They have won two consecutive EFL Trophy finals, after beating Wycombe Wanderers in the 2024 final and are the first team to retain the trophy.

2025 EFL Trophy final
The 2025 EFL Trophy final, known as the Vertu Trophy final for sponsorship reasons, was an association football match that was played on 13 April 2025 at Wembley Stadium, London, England. It was played between League One teams and two-time winners Peterborough United, who were also the defending champions, and Birmingham City. The match decided the winners of the 2024–25 EFL Trophy, a knock-out tournament comprising clubs from League One and League Two of the English Football League (EFL), as well as 16 Category One academy sides representing Premier League and Championship clubs. Peterborough United successfully defended the title—the first team to retain the EFL Trophy, tying the record of three wins held by Bristol City by their win in the 2015 final and becoming the only team to play and win all three EFL Trophy finals in their history.
Bridge in Gibson Borough
The Bridge in Gibson Borough near South Gibson, Pennsylvania was a stone false arch bridge over Bell Creek, north of its confluence with Tunkhannock Creek. It was constructed sometime between 1750 and 1824 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.

The bridge was a type of false arch clapper bridge or stone slab bridge on corbelled stone supports. From the corners of the wing walls it measured 58 by 25 feet.

It was located in Gibson Township, Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania north of the unincorporated town of South Gibson. The meaning of "Gibson Borough" in the National Register listing is unclear.

The bridge was reported as "demolished" to the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission in December 2015.

Clapper bridge
A clapper bridge is an ancient form of bridge found on the moors of the English West Country (Bodmin Moor, Dartmoor and Exmoor) and in other upland areas of the United Kingdom including Snowdonia and Anglesey, Cumbria, Derbyshire, Yorkshire, Lancashire, and in northern Wester Ross
and north-west Sutherland in Scotland. It is formed by large flat slabs of stone, often granite or schist. These can be supported on stone piers across rivers, or rest on the banks of streams.
Valmondois station
Valmondois (French pronunciation: [valmɔ̃dwa] ⓘ) is a railway station located in the commune of Butry-sur-Oise, Val-d'Oise, France, on the border with Valmondois. The station is served by Transilien H trains Creil – Pontoise and Paris – Saint-Leu-la-Forêt – Persan-Beaumont. The daily number of passengers was between 500 and 2,500 in 2002.

Val-d'Oise
Val-d'Oise (French: [val dwaz] ⓘ; lit. 'Vale of Oise') is a department in the Île-de-France region, Northern France. It was created in 1968 following the split of the Seine-et-Oise department. In 2019, Val-d'Oise had a population of 1,249,674.

It is named after the river Oise, a major tributary of the Seine, which crosses the region after having started in Belgium and flowed through Northeastern France. Val-d'Oise is Île-de-France's northernmost department. Charles de Gaulle Airport, France's main international airport, is partially located in Roissy-en-France, a commune of Val-d'Oise.

Its INSEE and postcode number is 95.
Myxoma virus
Myxoma virus is a poxvirus in the genus Leporipoxvirus. The two broad geographic types of Myxoma virus are Californian and South American. Californian myxoma virus is found on the West Coast of the United States, the Baja Peninsula of Mexico, and the southwest coast of Canada. South American or Brazilian myxoma virus is found in South and Central America.  South American myxoma virus circulates in the jungle rabbit or tapeti (Sylvilagus brasiliensis), whereas Californian myxoma virus circulates in the brush rabbit (Sylvilagus bachmani). In their native hosts, the viruses cause the formation of benign cutaneous fibromas rather than systemic disease.

Glossary of biology
This glossary of biology terms is a list of definitions of fundamental terms and concepts used in biology, the study of life and of living organisms. It is intended as introductory material for novices; for more specific and technical definitions from sub-disciplines and related fields, see Glossary of cell biology, Glossary of genetics, Glossary of evolutionary biology, Glossary of ecology, Glossary of environmental science and Glossary of scientific naming, or any of the organism-specific glossaries in Category:Glossaries of biology.
Silas Owens Sr. House
The Silas Owens Sr. House is a historic house at 157 Solomon Grove Road in Twin Groves, Arkansas.  It is a single-story masonry structure, built out of fieldstone with cream-colored brick and concrete trim elements.  It has a gable roof with exposed rafter ends, and its front has an arcade of three segmented-arch openings.  The house was built about 1948 by Silas Owens, Sr., a prominent regional master mason, as his family home.  While the work is typical of his high quality, its use of cream-colored brick (one of his hallmarks) is unusually restrained.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.

Twin Groves, Arkansas
Twin Groves is a town in northwestern Faulkner County, Arkansas, United States. The name of the town comes from two neighboring communities — Solomon Grove and Zion Grove — which joined to incorporate as a town in 1991. As of the 2020 census, Twin Groves had a population of 317. Twin Groves is part of the Central Arkansas region.
Kemenli, Mut
Kemenli is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Mut, Mersin Province, Turkey. Its population is 567 (2022). It is in the wide valley of Göksu River in Toros Mountains. It is situated between Göksu River and the Turkish state highway D.715. Its distance to Mut was 18 kilometres (11 mi) and to Mersin is 143 kilometres (89 mi). The main economic activities of the village are animal breeding and agriculture. Main crop is apricot.

Mut, Mersin
Mut is a municipality and district of Mersin Province, Turkey. Its area is 2,718 km2, and its population is 62,874 (2022).

Mut is a rural district at the foot of the Sertavul Pass on the road over the Taurus Mountains from Ankara and Konya to the Mediterranean coast at Anamur or Silifke. Mut is known for its special apricot variety, Mut şekerparesi, and a statue of a girl carrying a basket of them stands at the entrance to the town. The summer is hot and the people of Mut retreat to high meadows (so called yayla) even further up the mountainside. The forests up here are home to wild boar, and the Gezende reservoir on the Ermenek River is a welcome patch of blue in this dry district. The dam has a hydro-electric power station built in Romania.
Álamo, Veracruz
Álamo  is a city in the Mexican state of Veracruz that serves as the seat of the surrounding municipality of Temapache. Elevated to city status in 1973, it had 24,159 inhabitants in 2010.   The city's name is derived from the many álamo trees (Platanus wrightii) growing along the Pantepec River. The main industry is orange production.

Platanus wrightii
Platanus wrightii, the Arizona sycamore, is a sycamore tree native to Arizona and New Mexico with its range extending south into the Mexican states of Sonora, Chihuahua, and Sinaloa.

The tree is a large deciduous tree, growing up to 82 ft (25 m).
Jeffrey Buis
Jeffrey Buis (born 27 December 2001) is a Dutch motorcycle racer. He achieved the title of world champion in the Supersport 300 category at the Estoril Circuit in 2020 and at the Algarve International Circuit in 2023.

Algarve International Circuit
The Algarve International Circuit (Portuguese: Autódromo Internacional do Algarve), also known as the Portimão Circuit, is a 4.653 km (2.891 mi) race circuit located in Portimão, Algarve region, Portugal. The development includes a karting track, off-road track, technology park, five-star hotel, sports complex and apartments.

The circuit was designed by Ricardo Pina, Arquitectos. The construction was finished in October 2008 and the circuit was homologated by both the FIM on 11 October 2008 and the FIA two days later. The total cost was €195 million (approximately $250 million).
Benjamin-Constant Martha
Benjamin-Constant Martha, also known under the name Constant Martha, (1820–1895) was a 19th-century French moralist and 
historian of ancient morality.

A graduate of the École normale supérieure, agrégé de lettres and docteur ès lettres, he was professor of literature at the lycée de Strasbourg, then held the chair of Latin eloquence at the Sorbonne and professor at the Collège de France. He was elected a member of the Académie des sciences morales et politiques in 1872.

He was Jules Martha's father and Paul Girard's stepfather.

Agrégation
In France, the agrégation (French pronunciation: [aɡʁeɡasjɔ̃] ⓘ) is the most competitive and prestigious examination for civil service in the French public education system. Successful candidates become professeurs agrégés ([pʁɔfesœʁ(z‿)aɡʁeʒe]) and are usually appointed as teachers in secondary schools or preparatory classes, or as lecturers in universities.
Bibliography of World War II military units and formations
This is a Bibliography of World War military units and formations. It aims to include historical sources and literature (and to avoid works of fiction) about specific unit formations of World War II, such as fronts/army groups, field armies, army corps, divisions, brigades, regiments, battalions, and companies. It also includes air force formations, such as air divisions, air groups, air wings, air squadrons and air force flights. Furthermore, it includes naval formations, such as naval divisions, naval squadrons, flotillas, carrier battle groups, naval task forces and naval fleets.

This article forms a part of the larger Bibliography of World War II. Bibliographies of individual warships and warship classes are omitted; they are listed separately in the Bibliography of World War II warships.

Air division
An air division is an air force or naval air formation that is roughly equivalent to an army division. An air division is usually commanded by a major general and it is composed of multiple wings, groups, air brigades, or equivalently-sized air force formations.
Code Rood
Code Rood (also styled CODE ROOD, Dutch for "Code Red") is a network of climate activists based in the Netherlands. The activists organize large-scale civil disobedience actions in opposition to the fossil fuel industry.

Code Rood is horizontally organized, and was inspired in part by Ende Gelände 2016, during which protestors shut down a coal mine and a coal-fired power station for a period of two days.

Ende Gelände 2016
Ende Gelände 2016 was a large civil disobedience protest movement in Germany to limit global warming through fossil fuel phase-out.

3500–4000 environmental activists from twelve countries blocked the Welzow-Süd open-pit coal mine and the coal-fired Schwarze Pumpe power station, then owned by Vattenfall (Spremberg), from 13 to 15 May 2016.
Gevalia Open
The Gevalia Open was a golf tournament held at Gävle Golf Club in Gävle, Sweden from 1978. It featured on the Swedish Golf Tour from its inception in 1984 and on the Challenge Tour in 1990 and 1991. It was re-named the Gefle Open in 1991, using the archaic spelling of Gävle.

In 2011 European Tour winner Peter Hedblom, the most successful player to represent Gävle Golf Club, hosted the tournament. The years 1999–2004 and 2006–2007 the club hosted the Gefle Ladies Open instead, on the women's Swedish Golf Tour.

Peter Hedblom
Peter Mikael Hedblom (born 20 January 1970) is a Swedish professional golfer. He won three times on the European Tour and lost in playoffs four times. He finished tied 7th at the 1996 Open Championship.
Orazi e Curiazi
Orazi e Curiazi (The Horatii and the Curiatii) is an opera by the Italian composer Saverio Mercadante. It takes the form of a tragedia lirica in three acts. The libretto, by Salvadore Cammarano, is based on the Roman legend of the fight between Horatii and Curiatii. It was first performed at the Teatro San Carlo, Naples, on 10 November 1846.

Teatro di San Carlo
The Real Teatro di San Carlo ("Royal Theatre of Saint Charles"), as originally named by the Bourbon monarchy but today known simply as the Teatro (di) San Carlo, is a historic opera house in Naples, Italy, connected to the Royal Palace and adjacent to the Piazza del Plebiscito. It is the oldest continuously active venue for opera in the world, having opened in 1737, decades before either Milan's La Scala or Venice's La Fenice.

The opera season runs from late November to July, with the ballet season from December to early June. The house once had a seating capacity of 3,285, but has now been reduced to 1,386 seats. Given its size, structure and antiquity, it was the model for theatres that were later built in Europe.
Archaeopteris macilenta
Archaeopteris macilenta is distinguished from other species of the genus by leaves which are divided into narrow segments at their tips. Sporangia were borne on different parts of the branches with ordinary foliage leaves. Archaeopteris macilenta leaves and fertile shoots are attached to wood which when permineralized is called Callixylon newberryi. Archaeopteris is retained in the class Progymnospermopsida which includes plants with gymnospermous anatomy and pteridophytic reproduction.

Sporangium
A sporangium (from Late Latin, from Ancient Greek  σπορά (sporá) 'seed' and  ἀγγεῖον (angeîon) 'vessel'; pl.: sporangia) is an enclosure in which spores are formed. It can be composed of a single cell or can be multicellular. Virtually all plants, fungi, and many other groups form sporangia at some point in their life cycle. Sporangia can produce spores by mitosis, but in land plants and many fungi, sporangia produce genetically distinct haploid spores by meiosis.
Robert Ferguson (Ontario politician)
Robert Ferguson (August 16, 1834 – September 7, 1901) was an Ontario merchant and political figure. He represented Kent East in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1885 to 1901 as a Liberal member.

He was born in Kilsyth, Stirlingshire, Scotland in 1834, the son of James Ferguson, and came to Howard Township with his family in 1854. He learned carpentry in Scotland and later became involved in the lumber trade in Ontario. Ferguson served as reeve for Camden Township and warden for Kent County. He was elected in an 1885 by-election held after the death of Daniel McCraney. He died at his home in Thamesville, Ontario in 1901.

Kent East (provincial electoral district)
Kent East was an electoral riding in Ontario, Canada. It was created in 1875 when the riding of Bothwell was split into the ridings of Kent East and Kent West. It was abolished in 1966 before the 1967 election when the ridings of Kent East and Kent West were merged to form the riding of Kent.
Café Montmartre
Café Montmartre (now Montmartre Lounge) was a restaurant and nightclub on Hollywood Boulevard at Highland Avenue in Hollywood, Los Angeles, California, US. Opened in 1923, it became a "worldwide center for celebrity and nightlife" during the 1920s and a place where tourists would visit to try to break into Hollywood.

Hollywood Boulevard
Hollywood Boulevard is a major east–west street in Los Angeles, California. It runs through the Hollywood, East Hollywood, Little Armenia, Thai Town, and Los Feliz districts. Its western terminus is at Sunset Plaza Drive in the Hollywood Hills and its eastern terminus is at Sunset Boulevard in Los Feliz. Hollywood Boulevard is famous for running through the tourist areas in central Hollywood, including attractions such as the Hollywood Walk of Fame and the Ovation Hollywood shopping and entertainment complex.
Martha Mzomera Ngwira
Martha Mzomera Ngwira is a Malawian Democratic Progressive Party politician for Mzimba Hora. She became a member of the National Assembly in 2019 and she was appointed to be the Deputy Minister of Education. She became the Deputy Minister of Gender, Children, Disability and Social Welfare following the 2025 election.

National Assembly (Malawi)
The National Assembly of Malawi is the supreme legislative body of the nation. It is situated on Capital Hill, Lilongwe along Presidential Way. The National Assembly alone possesses legislative supremacy and thereby ultimate power over all other political bodies in Malawi. At its head is the Speaker of the House who is elected by their peers. Since October 29, 2025, the Speaker is Sameer Suleman.

The 1994 Constitution provided for a Senate, but Parliament repealed it. Malawi therefore has a unicameral legislature in practice. The National Assembly has 229 members of Parliament (MPs) who are directly elected in single-member constituencies using the simple majority (or first-past-the-post) system and serve five-year terms.
Kamala Municipality, Dhanusha
Kamala (Nepali: कमला) is a municipality in Danusha District of Province No. 2 of Nepal. It was formed in 2016 occupying current 9 sections (wards) from previous 9 VDCs. It occupies an area of 65.85 km2 with a total population of 20,052.

Madhesh Province
Madhesh Province (Nepali: मधेश प्रदेश, romanized: Madhēś pradēś) is a province of Nepal in the Terai region with an area of 9,661 km2 (3,730 sq mi) covering about 6.5% of the country's total area. It has a population of 6,114,600 as per the 2021 Nepal census, making it Nepal's most densely populated province and the smallest province by area.
It borders Koshi Pradesh to the east and the north, Bagmati Province to the north, and India’s Bihar state to the south and the west.
The border between Chitwan National Park and Parsa National Park acts as the provincial boundary in the west, and the Kosi River forms the provincial border in the east. The province includes eight districts, from Parsa in the west to Saptari in the east.
It is a centre for religious and cultural tourism.
Chestatee River
The Chestatee River (variant spellings Chestatie, Chestetee, Chostatee, Chosteta, Chestotee; none in modern use) is a 32.76-mile-long (52.72 km) river in the Appalachian Mountains of northern Georgia, US.

The word "Chestatee" is a Cherokee word meaning roughly "pine torch place" or "place of lights", because they would use bonfires along the riverbanks to light their torches.  They would then use these torches for hunting deer and other wild game in the forest.  The Chestatee Regional Library System takes its name from the river, as do Chestatee High School and Middle School in Gainesville.  In a nod to the origins of the name, CHS strives to be "a place of light" to their students.

Chestatee High School
Chestatee High School is a public high school located in Gainesville, Georgia, United States, operated by  Hall County Schools. The school was established in 2002 when the enrollment at North Hall High School grew too large. The school serves the communities of Gainesville, Murrayville, and Dawsonville.
Scindia Ghat
Scindia Ghat (Hindi: सिंधिया घाट) is one of the ghats in Varanasi and borders Manikarnika, a place of Hindu cremation, to the north. At this ghat, a tilted Shiva temple can be found lying partially submerged in the Ganges River and it is argued that this ghat collapsed under its own excessive weight. The ghat is named after the Scindias, who built it in 1830. Above the ghat, several of Kashi’s most influential shrines are located within the tight maze of alleys of Siddha Kshetra (Field of Fulfillment). According to mythology, Agni, the Hindu God of Fire, was born here. Hindu devotees propitiate at this place to Vireshwara, the Lord of all heroes, for a son.

Shrine
A shrine (Latin: scrinium "case or chest for books or papers"; Old French: escrin "box or case") is a sacred space dedicated to a specific deity, ancestor, hero, martyr, saint, daemon, or similar figure of respect, wherein they are venerated or worshipped. Shrines often contain idols, relics, or other such objects associated with the figure being venerated. A shrine at which votive offerings are made is called an altar.

Shrines are found in many of the world's religions, including Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, Chinese folk religion, Shinto, indigenous Philippine folk religions, and Germanic paganism as well as in secular and non-religious settings such as a war memorial. Shrines can be found in various settings, such as churches, temples, cemeteries, or as household shrines. Portable shrines are also found in some cultures.
James Gibb (Australian politician)
James Gibb (30 June 1843 – 22 February 1919) was an Australian politician. Born in Campbellfield, Victoria, he was educated at Scotch College before becoming a farmer at Berwick. He was active in local politics as a member of Berwick Shire Council. In 1880, he was elected to the Victorian Legislative Assembly as the member for Mornington, and remained in the Assembly until 1886. In 1903, he was elected to the Australian House of Representatives as the Free Trade Party member for Flinders. He held the seat until 1906, when he unsuccessfully attempted to transfer to the New South Wales seat of Hume in the hope of defeating the former Protectionist Premier of New South Wales, Sir William Lyne. Gibb died in 1919.

Berwick, Victoria
Berwick (/ˈbɛrɪk/) is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 41 kilometres (25 mi) south-east of Melbourne's central business district, located within the City of Casey local government area. Berwick recorded a population of 50,298 at the 2021 census.

It was named by an early leaseholder, Robert Gardiner, after his birthplace, Berwick-on-Tweed close to the Scottish English border in Northumberland. The south of the river Tweed is called Tweedmouth where Berwick lies to the north of the river Tweed with the Scottish border around 4km north of the town.
Maritime Plain
The Maritime Plain is a physiographic province of the larger Appalachian division. The Maritime Plain runs around the coast of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia from the south shore of Chaleur Bay and includes Prince Edward Island and the Magdalen Islands. The Kouchibouguac National Park lies in the New Brunswick lowlands, part of the Maritime Plain.

Magdalen Islands
The Magdalen Islands (French: Îles de la Madeleine, pronounced [il də la madlɛn]) are a Canadian archipelago in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Since 2005, the 12-island archipelago is divided into two municipalities: the majority-francophone Municipality of Îles-de-la-Madeleine and the majority-anglophone Municipality of Grosse-Île, in the Gaspésie–Îles-de-la-Madeleine region, Quebec.