hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Samsung C&T Corporation
Samsung Construction and Trading Corporation (Korean: 삼성물산 주식회사; stylized as Samsung C&T) is a South Korean construction and engineering company. It was founded in 1938 as the first Samsung company and was initially involved in construction and overseas trading operations. Since 1995, it has largely focused on global engineering and construction projects, trade and investments, fashion and real estate. The corporation is governed by an 11-member Board of Directors, made up of the President and CEOs of its four working groups (Engineering & Construction, Trading & Investment, Fashion, and Resort), the corporation's CFO, and six independent members. Samsung C&T employs over 17,000 people. The firm is often regarded as the holding company of Samsung chaebol  as it is a major shareholder of various Samsung affiliates.

Chaebol
A chaebol (Korean: 재벌 [tɕɛbɔɭ] ⓘ) is a type of large industrial South Korean conglomerate run and controlled by an individual or family. A chaebol often consists of multiple diversified affiliates, controlled by a person or group. Several dozen large South Korean family-controlled corporate groups fall under this definition. The term first appeared in English text in 1972.

Chaebol have also played a significant role in South Korean politics. In 1988, a member of a chaebol family, Chung Mong-joon, president of Hyundai Heavy Industries, successfully ran for the National Assembly of South Korea. Other business leaders were also chosen to be members of the National Assembly through proportional representation. Hyundai has made efforts in the thawing of North Korean relations, despite some controversy. Many South Korean family-run chaebol have been criticised for low dividend payouts and other governance practices that favor controlling shareholders at the expense of ordinary investors.
Spontaneous potential
Spontaneous potentials are often measured down boreholes for formation evaluation in the oil and gas industry, and they can also be measured along the Earth's surface for mineral exploration or groundwater investigation. The phenomenon and its application to geology was first recognized by Conrad Schlumberger, Marcel Schlumberger, and E.G. Leonardon in 1931, and the first published examples were from Romanian oil fields.

Schlumberger brothers
Conrad Schlumberger (2 October 1878 in Gebweiler (Alsace-Lorraine) – 9 May 1936 in Stockholm) and Emile Henry Marcel Schlumberger (21 June 1884 in Gebweiler – 9 May 1953 in Val-Richer) were two French brothers from the region of Alsace-Lorraine, France, then a part of the German Empire. Their inventions in the area of geophysics and well logging were the beginnings of Schlumberger Well Services and the entire well logging industry. They held both French and German citizenships.
Ismail Youssef
Ismail Youssef Awadallah Mohamed (Arabic: إِسْمَاعِيل يُوسُف عَوَض الله مُحَمَّد; born 28 June 1964 in Giza) is a former Egyptian football player. He is currently the assistant manager of the Egyptian Premier League team; Zamalek. Ismail is the youngest brother of two football players; El Sayed and Ibrahim.

1991–92 Egyptian Premier League
14 teams participated in the 1991–92 Egyptian Premier League season. The first team in the league was the champion, and qualified to the African Cup of Champions Clubs.
Zamalek won the league for the 7th time in the club's history.
KZER
KZER (1250 AM, "Radio Lazer") is a commercial radio station located in Santa Barbara, California. Owned by Lazer Media, the station airs a regional Mexican music format. KZER is simulcast on FM translator K293CK (106.5 FM) in Santa Barbara.

Media cross-ownership in the United States
Media cross-ownership is the common ownership of multiple media sources by a single person or corporate entity. Media sources include radio, broadcast television, specialty and pay television, cable, satellite, Internet Protocol television (IPTV), newspapers, magazines and periodicals, music, film, book publishing, video games, search engines, social media, internet service providers, and wired and wireless telecommunications.

Much of the debate over concentration of media ownership in the United States has for many years focused specifically on the ownership of broadcast stations, cable stations, newspapers, and websites. Some have pointed to an increase in media merging and concentration of ownership which may correlate to decreased trust in 'mass' media.
Chief of the Philippine National Police
The Chief of the Philippine National Police (abbreviated as C, PNP; Filipino: Hepe ng Pambansang Pulisya ng Pilipinas) is the head of the Philippines' national police body, the Philippine National Police (PNP). The position is invariably held by a Police General, a four-star general police officer.

The Chief of the Philippine National Police or PNP chief is also an ex officio member of the National Police Commission.

Ex officio member
An ex officio member is a member of a body (notably a board, committee, or council) who is part of it by virtue of holding another office. The term ex officio is Latin, meaning literally 'from the office', and the sense intended is 'by right of office'; its use dates back to the Roman Republic.

According to Robert's Rules of Order, the term denotes only how one becomes a member of a body. Accordingly, the rights of an ex officio member are exactly the same as other members unless otherwise stated in regulations or bylaws. It relates to the notion that the position refers to the position the ex officio holds, rather than the individual that holds the position. In some groups, ex officio members may frequently abstain from voting.

Opposite notions are dual mandate, when the same person happens to hold two offices or more, although these offices are not in themselves associated; and personal union, when two states share the same monarch.
Cokeromyces recurvatus
Cokeromyces recurvatus is a pathogenic fungus. Described as a new species in 1950, it was isolated from rabbit dung collected in Illinois.

The genus name of Anzia is in honour of William Chambers Coker (1872 – 1953), was an American botanist and mycologist.

The genus was circumscribed by Leland Shanor in Mycologia Vol.42 (Issue 2) on page 272 in 1950.

It appears similar to Coccidioides immitis.

Mycology
Mycology is the branch of biology concerned with the study of fungi, including their taxonomy, genetics, biochemical properties, and use by humans. Fungi can be a source of tinder, food, traditional medicine, as well as entheogens, poison, and infection. Yeasts are among the most heavily utilized members of the fungus kingdom, particularly in food manufacturing.

Mycology branches into the field of phytopathology, the study of plant diseases. The two disciplines are closely related, because the vast majority of plant pathogens are fungi. A biologist specializing in mycology is called a mycologist.
Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad Bridge No. 1
Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad Bridge No. 1 was a swing steel through truss that spanned the Schuylkill River between Philadelphia, Pennsylvania's Kingsessing and Grays Ferry neighborhoods.

Part of a long succession of ferry and bridge crossings at this location, the bridge was built in 1901 for the Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad by American Bridge Company. Over the decades, ownership of the bridge passed to PW&B successor railroads: the Philadelphia, Baltimore & Washington Railroad, then to Penn Central, then to Conrail, which formally placed it out of operation in 1976.

In 2017, Conrail conveyed the bridge to the City of Philadelphia, part of a plan to extend the multiuse Schuylkill River Trail. The bridge's truss and superstructure were demolished in August 2018, with the pilings spared to serve as a foundation for a bike-pedestrian bridge.

The new bridge, dubbed Schuylkill Crossing, is slated for completion in the winter of 2025-26.

Grays Ferry, Philadelphia
Grays Ferry, also known as Gray's Ferry, is a neighborhood in South Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, bounded (roughly) by 25th Street on the east, the Schuylkill River on the west, Vare Avenue on the south, and Grays Ferry Avenue on the north.  The section of this neighborhood west of 34th Street is also known as Forgotten Bottom.

Grays Ferry shares borders with Southwest Center City to the north, Point Breeze to the east, and Girard Estate to the south. Grays Ferry is across from where Mill Creek debouches at about 43rd street.

Grays Ferry was historically one of the largest enclaves of Irish Americans in the city, and while there are still many Irish left, it is now home to a majority African American population.
Invercargill Golf Club
The Invercargill Golf Club is a golf club in Southland, New Zealand, located on Dunns Road in Otatara, near Invercargill. In 1960 Invercargill Golf Club hosted the New Zealand Open which was won by Peter Thomson. It is also the permanent hosts of the SBS Invitational.

New Zealand Open
The New Zealand Open is the premier men's golf tournament in New Zealand. It has been a regular fixture on the PGA Tour of Australasia tournament schedule since the 1970s. The 2019 event was the 100th edition of the tournament. Since 2014 it has been held as a pro-am in February or March.

Prize money for the 2020 event was NZ$1.4 million, with an additional NZ$50,000 for the pro-am; the tournament winner received NZ$252,000.

The reigning champion is Ryan Peake, who won the 2025 event.
Karaoke High
Karaoke High is a short-lived New Zealand television drama series that aired on TVNZ. It was created by Sarah Mayberry and Kirsty McKenzie. The first episode was shown on the TVNZ website one week before it was shown on television. The first series screened week nights between 18 December 2006 and 5 January 2007 as a replacement for Shortland Street over the Summer Holidays. Karaoke High reruns were shown on TV2 at 2.00pm on Saturdays, but it is no longer aired in New Zealand. The show has since been re-run on ABC3 in Australia.

Miriama Smith starred, along with Phil Brown who has had numerous roles in shows such as Shortland Street, Outrageous Fortune, Power Rangers, The Last Samurai, Luella Miller, The Market, and others. It also show featured dancers, such as Kate Reese.

The show was filmed on location at St. Patrick's College, Silverstream.

St Patrick's College, Silverstream
St Patrick's College is a state-integrated Catholic boys' day and boarding secondary school located in Silverstream, Upper Hutt, New Zealand. It was established in 1931 when the original St Patrick's College, Wellington that had been established in 1885 was intended to be moved to a larger site more suited to a boarding school, but both colleges survived as independent institutions.
Bishop of Portsmouth (Anglican)
The Bishop of Portsmouth is the Ordinary of the Church of England Diocese of Portsmouth in the Province of Canterbury.

The diocese covers south-east Hampshire and the Isle of Wight and has its see in the City of Portsmouth, where the seat is located at the Cathedral Church of Saint Thomas of Canterbury which was elevated to cathedral status in 1927. The bishop's residence is Bishopsgrove, Fareham.

The office of bishop was created in 1927 when the new diocese was formed from part of the Diocese of Winchester. Jonathan Frost has been the Bishop of Portsmouth since his election was confirmed on 18 January 2022. He was installed as the tenth Bishop of Portsmouth on 12 March 2022.

Canonical election
A canonical election, in the canon law of the Latin Church of the Catholic Church, is the designation of a suitable candidate to a vacant ecclesiastical office by a vote of a collegial body. One example for a canonical election would be the election of a pope by the cardinals in the conclave.

Usually confirmation of the election by a competent authority is required. The competent authority cannot withhold confirmation if the designated candidate is canonically suitable for the office and the election has been conducted validly.
Fred Thomas (Australian politician)
Frederick Miles Thomas (18 January 1882 – 2 June 1960) was an Australian politician.

He was born in Emerald Hill to boilermaker Frederick George Thomas and Mary Ann Benfield. He was a founding member of the Timber Workers' Union in 1898 and twice served as its president; he was its federal secretary in 1919. Around 1908 he married Helena Eliza Warren, with whom he had four children. He was a member of the Victorian Socialist Party and then the Labor Party, of which he was Collingwood branch secretary. From 1919 to 1936 he was an organiser with the Clothing Trades Union, and from 1937 to 1947 worked as a dog registrar and housing inspector for Collingwood City Council. In 1948 he was elected to the Victorian Legislative Council for Melbourne Province. He served as a Labor backbencher until his death at East Melbourne in 1960.

City of Collingwood
The City of Collingwood was a local government area about 3 kilometres (2 mi) east-northeast of Melbourne, the state capital of Victoria, Australia. The city covered an area of 4.48 square kilometres (1.73 sq mi), and existed from 1855 until 1994.
Julio Jiménez (politician)
Julio Sabas Jiménez Llanque (5 December 1964 – 6 July 2020) was a Bolivian politician who served as a Deputy since 22 January 2015. He died from COVID-19 in Cochabamba during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bolivia, on 6 July 2020, aged 55.

COVID-19 pandemic in Bolivia
The COVID-19 pandemic in Bolivia was a part of the worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The virus was confirmed to have spread to Bolivia on 10 March 2020, when its first two cases were confirmed in the departments of Oruro and Santa Cruz.

On 12 March, Bolivia suspended all public school sessions until 31 March, as well as all commercial flights to and from Europe indefinitely. They also prohibited large-scale public gatherings of more than 1,000 people.
Helianthella castanea
Helianthella castanea is a rare plant endemic to California, and is found only in the San Francisco Bay Area, mostly in the hills east of the bay, including in Mount Diablo State Park, Wildcat Canyon Regional Park, Briones Regional Park, Las Trampas Regional Wilderness, and surrounding areas. Its common names include Mount Diablo helianthella, Mount Diablo sunflower, and Diablo rockrose.

Helianthella castanea is a herbaceous plant up to 45 cm (18 inches) tall. Leaves are up to 15 cm (6 inches) long. The plant usually produces one yellow flower head per stem. Each head contains both ray flowers and disc flowers.

Briones Regional Park
Briones Regional Park is a 6,117-acre (24.75 km2) regional park in the East Bay Regional Park District (EBRPD) system, located in the Briones Hills of central Contra Costa County of the San Francisco Bay Area in California.
Say Yes (The Walking Dead)
"Say Yes" is the twelfth episode of the seventh season of the post-apocalyptic horror television series The Walking Dead, which aired on AMC on March 5, 2017. The episode was written by Matthew Negrete and directed by Greg Nicotero.

The episode focuses on Rick (Andrew Lincoln) and Michonne (Danai Gurira) scavenging for supplies. Back in Alexandria, Tara (Alanna Masterson) must make a morally challenging decision. Rosita (Christian Serratos) plans to assassinate Negan (Jeffrey Dean Morgan), with the help of a former friend, Sasha (Sonequa Martin-Green).

Sonequa Martin-Green
Sonequa Chaunté Martin-Green (/səˈniːkwə/; née Martin; born March 21, 1985) is an American actress. She is best known for her television roles as Michael Burnham, the main character in the streaming television series Star Trek: Discovery, and as Sasha Williams on The Walking Dead. Before that, Martin-Green starred in several independent films before gaining her first recurring role, as Courtney Wells on The Good Wife. Later, she had recurring roles as Tamara in Once Upon a Time and Rhonda in New Girl.
January 2020 lunar eclipse
A penumbral lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit on Friday, 10 January 2020, with an umbral magnitude of −0.1146. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A penumbral lunar eclipse occurs when part or all of the Moon's near side passes into the Earth's penumbra. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. Occurring about 2.8 days before perigee (on 13 January 2020, at 15:20 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.

This eclipse was the first of four penumbral lunar eclipses in 2020, with the others occurring on 5 June, 5 July, and 30 November.

Magnitude of eclipse
The magnitude of eclipse is the fraction of the angular diameter of a celestial body being eclipsed. This applies to all celestial eclipses. The magnitude of a partial or annular solar eclipse is always between 0.0 and 1.0, while the magnitude of a total solar eclipse is always greater than or equal to 1.0, and has a theoretically maximum value of around 1.12.

This measure is strictly a ratio of diameters and should not be confused with the covered fraction of the apparent area (disk) of the eclipsed body. Neither should it be confused with the astronomical magnitude scale of apparent brightness.
2nd Shorty Awards
Voting for the second Shorty Awards opened on January 5, 2010, in 26 official categories. A Real-Time Photo of the Year category was added to the list of official categories for the first time, recognizing the best photo posted to services such as Twitpic, Yfrog, or Facebook.

The second Shorty Awards competition introduced a panel of judges called the Real-Time Academy of Short Form Arts & Sciences whose members were Craig Newmark, David Pogue, Kurt Andersen, Caterina Fake, Joi Ito, Frank Moss, Alberto Ibargüen, Sreenath Sreenivasan, MC Hammer, Alyssa Milano and Jimmy Wales. After public nominations determined the finalists, the academy decided on the winners.

Winners were announced at a ceremony held in the Times Center in The New York Times building in Manhattan, and were streamed online. The ceremony was hosted by CNN anchor Rick Sanchez, who presented awards in the official categories as well as the newly added Real-Time Photo of the Year and a special humanitarian award.

Rick Sanchez (journalist)
Ricardo León Sánchez de Reinaldo (born July 3, 1958) is a Cuban-American journalist, radio host, and author. After working as the lead local anchor on Miami's WSVN, Sánchez moved to cable news, first as a daytime anchor at MSNBC, later at CNN, where he began as a correspondent and ultimately rose to become an anchor. On CNN, he hosted a show Rick's List and served as a contributor to Anderson Cooper 360° and CNN International, where he frequently reported and translated between English and Spanish. Sánchez was fired from CNN on October 1, 2010, following controversial remarks he made on a radio program. In July 2011, Sánchez was hired by Florida International University, to serve as a color commentator for radio broadcasts of the school's football team. He worked as a columnist for Fox News and Fox News Latino, and a former correspondent for Spanish language network Mundo Fox. He began working for RT in 2019, where he has hosted several shows, and moved to Moscow in 2025.
George Grey (skier)
George Grey (born 22 July 1979) is a Canadian cross-country skier.

Grey made his World Cup debut in 2001, with his best finish coming in early 2009, when he teamed with Alex Harvey to win a bronze medal in the team sprint. His best individual performance thus far is 16th place, which he achieved at Canmore in 2005 and at Davos in 2008. He also had a ninth-place finish in the prologue of the 2008-09 Tour de Ski.

Grey had a pair of top 10 finishes at the 2009 Nordic World Ski Championships, ending up fifth in the 4 × 10 km relay and ninth in the team sprint.

Competing in two Winter Olympics, Grey earned his best finish of seventh in the 4 × 10 km relay at Vancouver in 2010 and had his best individual finish of eighth in the 30 km pursuit at those same games.

FIS Cross-Country World Cup
The FIS Cross-Country World Cup is an annual cross-country skiing competition, arranged by the International Ski Federation (FIS) since 1981. The competition was arranged unofficially between 1973 and 1981, although it received provisional recognition on the 31st FIS Congress, 29–30 April 1977 in Bariloche, Argentina.

The first World Cup races were held on 9 January 1982 and were located in Reit im Winkl, West Germany and Klingenthal, East Germany. Bill Koch of the United States and Berit Aunli of Norway were the overall winners in the first season.
Larz Anderson Bonsai Collection
The Larz Anderson Bonsai Collection at the Arnold Arboretum in Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts is one of the premier collections of bonsai in the United States and includes a Hinoki Cypress over 250 years old.

The Bonsai Pavilion where the trees are housed are part of the complex of buildings known as the Dana Greenhouses. The collection is on display from mid-April to the end of October. As the bonsai trees are deciduous, they are held in cold storage at temperatures slightly above freezing throughout the winter.

Chamaecyparis obtusa
Chamaecyparis obtusa (Japanese cypress, hinoki cypress or hinoki; Japanese: 檜 or 桧, hinoki) is a species of cypress native to central Japan in East Asia, and widely cultivated in the temperate northern hemisphere for its high-quality timber and ornamental qualities, with many cultivars commercially available.
It once existed outside Asia with a range that stretched to Germany during the Miocene. Hinoki grows primarily on the islands of Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu. The main massifs are formed in mountainous regions with a moderately humid climate, at altitudes from 300 to 1,500 meters above sea level.
Fujifilm FinePix A350
The Fujifilm FinePix A345 and A350 are entry-level digital point-and-shoot cameras. They feature 3x optical zoom, a resolution of 4.1 and 5.2 megapixels respectively, and 320x240 (at 15fps) movie recording with sound capabilities.

XD-Picture Card
xD-Picture Card is an obsolete flash memory card format, developed jointly by Olympus and Fujifilm in 2002 as a proprietary alternative to existing formats. It was primarily used in digital cameras produced by Olympus and Fujifilm, and was also adopted by Kodak in some models. xD cards were available in capacities ranging from 16 MB to 2 GB. While their file transfer speeds were good by 2002 standards, by the late 2000s they offered less capacity, were slower, and were more expensive than SD cards. The format was phased out in 2009, when Fujifilm and Olympus transitioned to the more widely supported SD card format.
Kilmashogue
Kilmashogue or Kilmashoge (Irish: Cill Mochióg) is a mountain in Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown county in Ireland. It is 408 metres (1,339 feet) high and forms part of the group of hills in the Dublin Mountains which comprises Two Rock, Three Rock, Kilmashogue and Tibradden Mountains. The forest plantation on its northern slope, which is composed mainly of Sitka spruce, Scots pine and beech, is a habitat for Sika deer, hares, rabbits and foxes. A number of prehistoric monuments can be found on the slopes of the mountain.

Coillte, the state-owned enterprise that manages the forestry on the mountain's slopes, suggest that the name Kilmashogue is a corruption of coill na fumsaoige, which means "wood of the ash", or coill na fuiseoige, which means "wood of the lark".

Sika deer
The sika deer (Cervus nippon), also known as the northern spotted deer or the Japanese deer, is a species of deer native to much of East Asia and introduced to other parts of the world. Previously found from northern Vietnam in the south to the Russian Far East in the north, it was overhunted to the brink of extinction in the 19th century. Protection laws were enacted in the mid-20th century, leading to a rapid recovery of their population from the 1950s to the 1980s.