hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Geometric programming
A geometric program (GP) is an optimization problem of the form

where  are posynomials and  are monomials. In the context of geometric programming (unlike standard mathematics), a monomial is a function from  to  defined as

where  and . A posynomial is any sum of monomials.

Geometric programming is
closely related to convex optimization: any GP can be made convex by means of a change of variables. GPs have numerous applications, including component sizing in IC design, aircraft design, maximum likelihood estimation for logistic regression in statistics, and parameter tuning of positive linear systems in control theory.

Linear dynamical system
Linear dynamical systems are dynamical systems whose evolution functions are linear.  While dynamical systems, in general, do not have closed-form solutions, linear dynamical systems can be solved exactly, and they have a rich set of mathematical properties.  Linear systems can also be used to understand the qualitative behavior of general dynamical systems, by calculating the equilibrium points of the system and approximating it as a linear system around each such point.
N. H. Gouda
Narayan Holiyappa Gouda (1938–1992) was a M.L.A to the Karnataka state Legislative Assembly, Bangalore from 1985-1989. He was elected from the Janata Dal. At that time Ramakrishna Hegde from the Janata party was the Chief Minister of Karnataka.

Janata Dal
Janata Dal (lit. 'People's Party') was an Indian political party which was formed through the merger of Lok Dal, Jagjivan's Congress, and Jan Morcha on 11 October 1988—the birth anniversary of Jayaprakash Narayan under the leadership of V. P. Singh.
Xu Rongmao
Xu Rongmao GBM, GBS (simplified Chinese: 许荣茂; traditional Chinese: 許榮茂; born 1950), or Hui Wing Mau in Cantonese, is a Chinese-Australian entrepreneur and billionaire, and the founder and the chairman of Shimao Property. Xu is estimated to be one of the largest property developers in Shanghai.

Billionaire
A billionaire is a person whose net worth is at least one billion units of a given currency, typically USD. It is a sub-category of the concept of the ultra high-net-worth individual. The American business magazine Forbes produces a global list of known U.S. dollar billionaires every year and updates an internet version of this list in real time. The American oil magnate John D. Rockefeller became the world's first confirmed billionaire in 1916.

Nineteen individuals had attained the status of centibillionaires, each with a net worth of at least $100 billion, as of January 2026. As of March 2025, there are 3028 billionaires worldwide, with a combined wealth of over $16.1 trillion, up nearly $2 trillion over 2024.
1992 Grambling State Tigers football team
The 1992 Grambling State Tigers football team represented Grambling State University as a member of the Southwestern Athletic Conference (SWAC) during the 1992 NCAA Division I-AA football season. Led by 50th-year head coach Eddie Robinson, the Tigers compiled an overall record of 10–2 and a mark of 6–1 in conference play, and finished second in the SWAC. The Tigers also won a black college football national championship after they defeated Florida A&M in the Heritage Bowl 45-15.

Black college football national championship
The Black college football national championship, also named the HBCU football championship, is a national championship honor that, since 1920, has been regularly bestowed upon the best college football teams among historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs) within the United States. The 2025 HBCU football champions are the South Carolina State Bulldogs.
NATHM Bardibas
NATHM Bardibas is an educational institution located in Bardibas Municipality, Mahottari district of Nepal. It was established in 2020 by Government of Nepal in partnership with Kathmandu University. This Academy is Headed by Mr. Shivendra Mallik. It is a branch office/academy of Nepal Academy of Tourism and Hotel Management, rabi 
bhawan kathmandu Nepal, which under the MinIstry of Cutler, Civil Aviation and Tourism and established in 1971 AD

Mahottari District
Mahottari District (Nepali: महोत्तरी जिल्ला, Listenⓘ), a part of Madhesh Province, is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. The district, with Jaleshwar as its district headquarters, covers an area of 1,002 km2 (387 sq mi) and had a population of 553,481 in 2001, 627,580 in 2011 and 705,838 in 2021 census. Its headquarters is located in Jaleshwar, a neighbouring town of the historical city of Janakpur. The name Jaleshwar means 'God in Water'. One can find a famous temple of Lord Shiva in Water there. Jaleshwar lies at a few kilometres distance from the Nepal-India border and has a majority Maithili population.
Acacia coolgardiensis
Acacia coolgardiensis, commonly known as sugar brother, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to Western Australia. It is a multistemmed shrub or tree with smooth bark except on oldest plants, terete, thread-like phyllodes, oblong to short cylindrical heads of golden yellow flowers and thinly leathery to crusty, straight to slightly curved pods.

Phyllode
Phyllodes are modified petioles or leaf stalks, which are leaf-like in both appearance and function. In some plants, these  become flattened and widened, while the leaf itself becomes reduced or vanishes altogether. Thus the phyllode comes to serve the purpose of the leaf. Some important examples are Euphorbia royleana which are cylindrical and Opuntia which are flattened.

They are common in the genus Acacia, especially the Australian species, at one time put in Acacia subg. Phyllodineae. Sometimes, especially on younger plants, partially formed phyllodes bearing reduced leaves can be seen. The illustration (to the right) of Acacia suaveolens from Novae Hollandiae plantarum specimen shows the juvenile true leaves, together with the developing phyllodes, and the phyllodes of the mature plant.

The genus, Daviesia, in the family Fabaceae, is characterised in part by the plants having phyllodes.
Adrian Walton
Adrian Walton is an American basketball player. Initially a streetball player known as "Hollywood",  he was considered to be one of the last great streetball players.

Walton attended Graphic Arts High School and later Milford Academy.  He played ball at Rucker Park and declined an offer to play basketball at the University of Miami. He played one year at Fordham University under Bob Hill.  Walton went on to play at Riverside Community College.

Walton had stops with the United States Basketball League and the Continental Basketball Association. He later played professionally with the Albany Patroons. In 2016, he lost a 1–on–1 game to Jesse Sapp.

Rucker Park
Greg Marius Court at Holcombe Rucker Park is a basketball court at the border of Harlem and the Coogan's Bluff section of Washington Heights neighborhoods of Manhattan, at 155th Street and Frederick Douglass Boulevard.

Rucker Park, founded in 1956 as P.S. 156 Playground, has been a cornerstone of basketball history, hosting Harlem's popular summer Rucker Tournament for decades. The events made the court a legendary proving ground for both amateur and professional talent, shaping the game’s culture and style worldwide.

Many who competed in the Rucker Tournament, later named the Entertainer’s Basketball Classic, rose to fame, whether as streetball legends, rising stars using it as a launchpad, or NBA players returning to test their skills in its electrifying atmosphere.
Bishwanath Singh
Bishwanath Singh (died 1999) was an Indian heavyweight freestyle wrestler and Indian Army servicemember. In 1966 he won a silver medal at the Asian Games and a bronze at the Commonwealth Games. He also won silver medals at the 1970 and 1974 Commonwealth Games. He should not be confused with fellow wrestlers Bishambar Singh and Bhim Singh who competed in the same period, but in different weight categories. He was born in a Rajput family in a village called Dumrahar (Near Darauli) in Siwan, Bihar.

Siwan, Bihar
Siwan is a city and nagar parishad in the Indian state of Bihar. Siwan located West bihar It is the administrative headquarters of Siwan district and one of the urban settlements out of three in the district. It is located close to Uttar Pradesh.
National Underclassmen Combine
The National Underclassmen Combine/NUC Sports is a professional, privately owned recruiting program and three-day training and assessment function for high school football players to display their skills and potential. It is one of the largest and most successful programs of its kind, the purpose of which is to connect talented football athletes with collegiate programs willing to offer them a scholarship. Notable players to go through the system include Joe Haden, cornerback for the NFL's Cleveland Browns, and Marcus Lattimore, star running back for the University of South Carolina. Founded by former University of Connecticut linebacker David Schuman, the first combine event was held in New Jersey in 2005.

Marcus Lattimore
Marcus Lattimore (born October 29, 1991) is an American former professional football player who was a running back for the San Francisco 49ers of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the South Carolina Gamecocks, where he holds the career record for rushing touchdowns (38). He rushed for 1,197 yards as a starter during his freshman year, earning All-American honors. His sophomore and junior years were truncated by severe knee injuries. He opted to forgo his senior year and was selected by San Francisco in the fourth round of the 2013 NFL draft. He never played a game for the 49ers and retired from playing football at the age of 23. In 2016, he was named head football coach at Heathwood Hall prep school in Columbia, South Carolina. He served as the Director of Player Development for the South Carolina Gamecocks from 2018 to 2019.
Winter Visitor
Winter Visitor (Visitante de Invierno) is a 2008 Argentine, Spanish film, written and directed by Sergio Esquenazi.  It is probably the most important Argentine horror film of the last 30 years, since it was the first Argentine horror film in  two decades to be supported by INCAA (National Institute of Cinema and Audiovisual Arts) and therefore the first Argentine horror film to premiere in the country in 20 years, which opened the doors to directors and producers of the genre which up to that time were condemned to an under circuit.

New York Film Festival
The New York Film Festival (NYFF) is a film festival held every fall in New York City, presented by Film at Lincoln Center. Founded in 1963 by Richard Roud and Amos Vogel with the support of Lincoln Center president William Schuman, NYFF is one of the longest-running and most prestigious film festivals in the United States. It is a non-competitive festival centered on a "Main Slate" of typically 20–30 feature films, with additional sections for experimental cinema and new restorations.

Dennis Lim is the Artistic Director for NYFF. Kent Jones was the festival director from 2013 to 2019.
Blues for Jimi
Blues for Jimi is a live album and video by the Northern Irish blues rock guitarist and singer, Gary Moore. The live performance was originally recorded on 25 October 2007 at the London Hippodrome.

The performance features Gary Moore playing a selection of Jimi Hendrix classics. The concert was part of the launch for the Jimi Hendrix Live at Monterey album. It features a special guest appearance by Billy Cox and Mitch Mitchell

People of Northern Ireland
People from Northern Ireland are those born in Northern Ireland who, at the time of their birth, have at least one parent who is a British citizen, an Irish citizen, or otherwise entitled to reside in Northern Ireland indefinitely under the Belfast Agreement.

Most Northern Irish people either identify as British, Northern Irish, Irish, or a combination thereof. The 20th century conflict known as The Troubles, which ended in effect in 1999, was primarily caused by tensions between people who had these different identites, and their connections to religion (Anglican protestants and Catholics).
Mount Tabor Good Samaritan Lodge No. 59
Mt. Tabor Good Samaritan Lodge #59 is a historic building at Crownsville, Anne Arundel County, Maryland.  It was constructed in 1899, and is a small, two-story wood-frame building, with a gable roof. A small one-story gable roof addition was made in 2000.  Founded as the United Sons and Daughters of Levi Beneficial Society, No. 1 of Mount Tabor, it later joined the Independent Order of Good Samaritans and Daughters of Samaria, an African-American beneficial and temperance society for both men and women, as Mount Tabor Lodge No. 59. It is associated with the African American beneficial or benevolent society movement, and is one of six surviving African American benevolent society buildings in the state. The structure is located behind the Mt. Tabor Methodist Episcopal Church.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.

Anne Arundel County, Maryland
Anne Arundel County (listenⓘ; /əˈrʌndəl/), also notated as AA or A.A. County, is located in the U.S. state of Maryland. As of the 2020 United States census, its population was 588,261, an increase of just under 10% since 2010. Its county seat is Annapolis, which is also the capital of the state. The county is named for Anne Arundell (c. 1615/1616–1649), Lady Baltimore, a member of the Arundell family in Cornwall, England, and the wife of Cecilius Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore (1605–1675), founder and first lord proprietor of the colony Province of Maryland. The county is part of the Central Maryland region of the state. Anne Arundel County is included in the Washington–Baltimore–Arlington combined statistical area.
Diplazon laetatorius
Diplazon laetatorius is a hover fly parasitoid wasp in the Diplazontinae subfamily of the Ichneumonid wasp family (Ichneumonidae). It was first described as Ichneumon laetatorius in 1781 by Johan Christian Fabricius.

Johan Christian Fabricius
Johann Christian Fabricius (7 January 1745 – 3 March 1808) was a Danish zoologist, specialising in the "Insecta", which at that time included all arthropods: insects, arachnids, crustaceans and others. He was a student of Carl Linnaeus, and is considered one of the most important entomologists of the 18th century, having named nearly 10,000 species of animals, and established the basis for the modern insect classification.
Ground start
In telephony, ground start is a method of signaling from a terminal of a subscriber local loop to a telephone exchange, where one side of a cable pair is temporarily grounded to request dial tone.  Most middle 20th-century American payphones used coin-first ground start lines, with the starting ground connection provided by the  coin itself, bridging a set of contacts as it passed through the coin chute.

Local loop
In telephony, the local loop (also referred to as the local tail, subscriber line, or in the aggregate as the last mile) is the physical link or circuit that connects from the demarcation point of the customer premises to the edge of the common carrier or telecommunications service provider's network.

At the edge of the carrier access network in a traditional public telephone network, the local loop terminates in a circuit switch housed in an incumbent local exchange carrier or telephone exchange.
Abuná Province
Abuná is one of the five provinces of the Bolivian department of Pando and is situated in the department's northern central parts. It has its name from Río Abuná, the border river to neighbouring Brazil.

Departments of Bolivia
Bolivia is a unitary state consisting of nine departments (Spanish: departamentos). Departments are the primary subdivisions of Bolivia, and possess certain rights under the Constitution of Bolivia. Each department is represented in the Plurinational Legislative Assembly—a bicameral legislature consisting of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies. Each department is represented by four Senators, while Deputies are awarded to each department in proportion to their total population.

Out of the nine departments, La Paz was originally the most populous, with 2,706,351 inhabitants as of 2012 but the far eastern department of Santa Cruz has since surpassed it by 2020; Santa Cruz also claims the title as the largest, encompassing 370,621 square kilometres (143,098 sq mi). Pando is the least populated, with a population of 110,436. The smallest in area is Tarija, encompassing 37,623 square kilometres (14,526 sq mi).
The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim – Dragonborn
The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim – Dragonborn is the third and final add-on for the action role-playing open world video game The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim. It was developed by Bethesda Game Studios and released by Bethesda Softworks on the Xbox Live Marketplace on December 4, 2012. The Microsoft Windows version was released on February 5, 2013, and the PlayStation 3 version was released on February 12, 2013.

Dragonborn involves the player character (the current Dragonborn) coming into contact with the first Dragonborn, Miraak. The expansion takes place on the island of Solstheim, previously featured in the Bloodmoon expansion for The Elder Scrolls III: Morrowind.

Bethesda Softworks
Bethesda Softworks LLC is an American video game publisher based in Rockville, Maryland. The company was founded by Christopher Weaver in 1986 as a division of Media Technology Limited. In 1999, it became a subsidiary of ZeniMax Media. In its first 15 years, it was a video game developer and self-published its titles. In 2001, Bethesda spun off its in-house development team into Bethesda Game Studios, leaving Bethesda Softworks to focus on publishing operations.

In March 2021, Microsoft acquired Bethesda's parent company ZeniMax Media, maintaining that the company will continue to operate as a separate business. Part of the Microsoft Gaming division, Bethesda Softworks retains its function as the publisher of games developed by the different studios under ZeniMax Media.
Clover Creek (Washington)
Clover Creek is a creek in Pierce County, Washington. Clover Creek rises near Frederickson, flows through Spanaway and Parkland, is diverted under the main runway of McChord Air Force Base and Interstate 5, and into Lakewood, where it spills into Lake Steilacoom.

The creek was named for the wild clover growing along its course.  Its drainage basin is 74 square miles (190 km2).  The creek is 13.8 miles (22.2 km) long.  Clover Creek was the traditional home of the Sastuck band of the Steilacoom Tribe of Indians.

Spanaway, Washington
Spanaway is a census-designated place (CDP) in Pierce County, Washington, United States. The population was 35,476 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 34,322 in 2023. Spanaway is an unincorporated area near Tacoma, and is often identified together with the more urban, less wealthy Parkland.

Spanaway's main business thoroughfare is Pacific Avenue South, which is a north–south road that coincides with State Route 7 through the Spanaway area.
Paisley (Scottish Parliament constituency)
Paisley is a burgh constituency of the Scottish Parliament covering the town of Paisley in Renfrewshire council area. Under the additional-member electoral system used for elections to the Scottish Parliament, it elects one Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) by the first past the post method of election. It is also one of ten constituencies in the West Scotland electoral region, which elects seven additional members, in addition to the ten constituency MSPs, to produce a form of proportional representation for the region as a whole.

The constituency was created for the 2011 Scottish Parliament election, and covers parts of the former constituencies of Paisley North and Paisley South. It has been held by George Adam of the Scottish National Party (SNP) since its formation.

Member of the Scottish Parliament
Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP; Scottish Gaelic: Ball Pàrlamaid na h-Alba, BPA; Scots: Memmer o the Scots Pairliament, MSP) is the title given to any one of the 129 individuals elected to serve in the Scottish Parliament.
Toki Ginjiro
Toki Ginjiro (Japanese: 土岐銀次郎) (1894 – April 1, 1976) was Governor of Toyama Prefecture (1935–1938) and Saitama Prefecture (1938–1941). He was the deputy editor of the Tokyo Shimbun, a newspaper published by the Chunichi Shimbun newspaper company. He was a graduate of the University of Tokyo.

Saitama Prefecture
Saitama Prefecture (埼玉県, Saitama-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [saꜜi.ta.ma, sai.ta.maꜜ.keɴ]) is a landlocked prefecture of Japan located in the Kantō region of Honshu. Saitama Prefecture has a population of 7,338,536 (January 1, 2020) and has a geographic area of 3,797 km2 (1,466 sq mi). Saitama Prefecture borders Tochigi Prefecture and Gunma Prefecture to the north, Nagano Prefecture to the west, Yamanashi Prefecture to the southwest, Tokyo to the south, Chiba Prefecture to the southeast, and Ibaraki Prefecture to the northeast.

Saitama is the capital and largest city of Saitama Prefecture, with other major cities including Kawaguchi, Kawagoe, and Tokorozawa.
Roger Arntzen
Roger Arntzen (born 3 June 1976) is a Norwegian jazz bassist, known from playing in bands like In the Country (trio), In the Country with Knut Reiersrud and Solveig Slettahjell, Ballrogg, Chrome Hill, One Small Step, John-Kåre Hansen Northern Concept, Ellen Sofie Hovland trio and previously also with Håvard Stubø Trio and the band Østenfor Sol. Through his projects he has worked with downtown NYC icon Marc Ribot, Bob Hoffnar, Josh Abrams, Toto Alvarez, BJ Cole, Michiyo Yagi, Tamaya Honda, Noritaka Tanaka, Tetuzi Akiyama, Neil Metcalfe, Terry Day, John Russell, Frode Grytten, Susanna Wallumrød, Frida Ånnevik, Tore Brunborg, Stian Carstensen, Bugge Wesseltoft, Mathias Eick, Odd Riisnæs, Lars Klevstrand, Moddi, Thomas Dybdahl, Steinar Ofsdal, Kari Svendsen, Jon Arne Corell, Alf Cranner, Göran Fristorp among others.

Frode Grytten
Frode Grytten is a Norwegian writer and journalist. Born 11 December 1960 in Bergen and a native of Odda Municipality, he is the author of the Brage Prize-winning novels Bikubesong ("Song of the Beehive") and Den dagen Nils Vik døde ("The Day Nils Vik Died") as well as other short stories and poems. His works have been translated into Swedish, Danish, Finnish, German, Dutch, French, English, Albanian, Croatian, Macedonian and Chinese. He is one of three writers to win the Norwegian Brage Prize for adult fiction twice.

His journalism includes work for the local newspaper Bergens Tidende as well as the Oslo-based Dagbladet.
Vrbovec (Znojmo District)
Vrbovec (German: Urbau) is a municipality and village in Znojmo District in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,300 inhabitants.

Vrbovec lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) south-east of Znojmo, 59 km (37 mi) south-west of Brno, and 189 km (117 mi) south-east of Prague.

Znojmo
Znojmo (Czech pronunciation: [ˈznojmo] ⓘ; German: Znaim) is a town in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 34,000 inhabitants. Znojmo is the historical and cultural centre of southwestern Moravia and the second most populated town in the South Moravian Region. The town with its surroundings is known for its production of cucumbers, the tradition of which began in 1571. The historic centre of Znojmo is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument reservation.
Bihar Movement
The Bihar movement, also known as the JP movement, was a political movement initiated by students in the Indian state of Bihar against misrule and corruption in the state government, in 1974. It was led by the veteran socialist Jayaprakash Narayan, popularly known as JP. The movement later turned against Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi's government in the central government. It was also referred to as Sampoorna Kranti (Total Revolution Movement).

Patna University
Patna University (PU) is a Public State University located in Patna, Bihar, India. It was established on 1 October 1917 during the British Raj. It is the first university in Bihar and the seventh oldest university in the Indian subcontinent in the modern era. The university offers various undergraduate and postgraduate degree courses.