hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John McNeill (Ontario politician)
John McNeill (1 March 1848 – 12 November 1924) was an Ontario farmer and political figure. He represented Perth South in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1894 to 1898 as a Liberal-Patrons of Industry member.

He was born near Glasgow, Scotland. McNeill served on the council for Fullarton Township. He died there in 1924.

West Perth, Ontario
West Perth is a municipality in Ontario, Canada, situated in Western Perth County, west of the city of Stratford. In 2021, its population was 9,038 in a land area of 578.88 square kilometres. The former town of Mitchell and townships of Logan, Hibbert, and Fullarton amalgamated into this single municipality on January 1, 1998. Municipal offices, administration, and services are based in Mitchell. Its mayor is Walter McKenzie.
Claude Le Roy
Claude Le Roy (French pronunciation: [klod lə ʁwa]; born 6 February 1948) is a French football manager and former player, who gained prominence at international level as coach to the Cameroon, Senegal and Ghana national teams.

Humane Order of African Redemption
The Humane Order of African Redemption, an order presented by the government of Liberia, was founded on January 13, 1879 during the presidency of Anthony W. Gardiner. It is awarded for humanitarian work in Liberia, for acts supporting and assisting the Liberian nation and to individuals who have played a prominent role in the emancipation of African Americans and the pursuit of equal rights.

The Order replaced the older Liberian "Lone Star Medal".

The three grades of the Order are:

* Grand Commander: The Grand Commander wears a wide ribbon on the right shoulder and the star of the Order on the left.

* Knight Commander: The Knight Commander, wears a ribbon around the neck and a smaller but otherwise identical star.

* Officer: The Officer wears a narrow ribbon with rosette on the left.
Oldham Cricket Club
Oldham Cricket Club is a cricket team based at The Pollards in the Watersheddings area of Oldham, Greater Manchester, England.

In 1892 Oldham were one of the founding members of the Central Lancashire League and currently run teams in the First and Second divisions; with junior sides at Under 18 and Under 15 levels.

Their professional for 2007 was Greg Todd of New Zealand, who heralded the end of a long line of South African professionals at the club, including Mark Charlton (2006) and Martin Smith (2004–05).

Gale (publisher)
Gale is a global provider of research and digital learning resources. The company is based in Farmington Hills, Michigan, United States, west of Detroit. It has been a division of Cengage since 2007.

The company, formerly known as Gale Research and the Gale Group, is active in research and educational publishing for public, academic, and school libraries, and for businesses. The company is known for its full-text magazine and newspaper databases, Gale OneFile (formerly known as Infotrac), and other online databases subscribed by libraries, as well as multi-volume reference works, especially in the areas of religion, history, and social science.

Founded in Detroit, Michigan, in 1954 by Frederick Gale Ruffner Jr., the company was acquired by the International Thomson Organization (later the Thomson Corporation) in 1985 before its 2007 sale to Cengage.
Elaine Nicpon Marieb
Elaine Nicpon Marieb was a human anatomist and the author of many textbooks, most notably Human Anatomy & Physiology, Essentials of Human Anatomy And Physiology, and Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology Lab Manual (3rd Edition).

Textbook
A textbook is a book containing a comprehensive compilation of content in a branch of study serving to explain the subject. Textbooks are produced to meet the needs of educators, usually at educational institutions, as well as learners (who could be independent learners outside of formal education). Schoolbooks are textbooks and other books used in schools. Today, many textbooks are published in both print and digital formats.
Akaoka, Kōchi
Akaoka (赤岡町, Akaoka-chō) was a town located in Kami District, Kōchi Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 3,382 and a density of 2,062.20 persons per km2. The total area was 1.64 km2, which was the smallest municipality in Japan before its dissolution.

On March 1, 2006, Akaoka, along with the towns of Kagami, Noichi and Yasu, and the village of Yoshikawa (all from Kami District), was merged to form the city of Kōnan; and no longer exists as an independent municipality. The smallest municipality in Japan is now Tadaoka in Osaka Prefecture.

Municipalities of Japan
Municipalities are a level of administration in Japan. The country has three levels of governments: national, prefectural, and municipal.

The nation is divided into 47 prefectures (within these, one metropolis, one regional prefecture, and two urban prefectures). Each prefecture consists of numerous municipalities, with 1,718 in total as of October 2018.

There are four types of municipalities in Japan: cities (市, shi), towns (町, chō), villages (村, son) and special wards of Tokyo (区, ku). In Japanese, this system is known as shikuchōson (市区町村), where each kanji in the word represents one of the four types of municipalities. In Tokyo, because the wards are at the center, the system is officially referred to as kushichōson (区市町村), with the wards first, and cities second.

Some designated cities also have further administrative subdivisions, also known as wards, but, unlike the special wards of Tokyo, these wards are not municipalities.
2018–19 Saudi Second Division
The 2018–19 Saudi Second Division was the 43rd season of the Saudi Second Division since its establishment in 1996. Fixtures were released on 4 September 2018 and the opening round of matches was played on 19 October 2018. The league season ended on 13 April 2019 with the final.

On 13 April 2019, Hetten defeated Al-Bukayriyah 1–0 in the final to win their first title.

Saudi Second Division League
The Saudi Second Division League (SDL) is a professional association football league in Saudi Arabia and serves as the third tier of the Saudi football league system. The league consists of 32 teams divided into two groups and ranks directly below the Saudi First Division League.
Keith Virtue
Keith Allison Virtue MBE (23 June 1909 – 7 February 1980) was a pioneer Australian aviator.  Sir Lawrence Wackett, in the foreword of Keith Virtue's biography, writes that he was an experienced airman himself but he marvelled at the ability and skill of Keith Virtue and counts him as one of the greatest of the Australians who devoted their life's work to the task of pioneering airlines in Australia.

Lawrence Wackett
Sir Lawrence James Wackett KBE, DFC, AFC (2 January 1896 – 18 March 1982) is widely regarded as "father of the Australian aircraft industry". He has been described as "one of the towering figures in the history of Australian aviation covering, as he did, virtually all aspects of activities: pilot, designer of airframes and engines, entrepreneur and manager". He was knighted for his services to aviation and was a winner of the Oswald Watt Gold Medal. He was also a keen angler and wrote two books on the subject.
Drum Brae/Gyle (ward)
Drum Brae/Gyle is one of the seventeen wards used to elect members of the City of Edinburgh Council. Established in 2007 along with the other wards, it currently elects three Councillors.

The ward covers an area in the far west of the city, bounded generally by Corstorphine Hill, the Queensferry Road (A90), Maybury Road (A902) and Edinburgh City Bypass (A720) roads, and the Glasgow–Edinburgh via Falkirk line railway; it includes the Bughtlin, Clermiston, Clerwood, Craigmount, Drumbrae, East Craigs, Gogarloch, Maybury, North Gyle, Parkgrove, South Gyle and West Craigs neighbourhoods, as well as the Edinburgh Park commercial district. A minor boundary change in 2017 caused the loss of the Wester Broom neighbourhood and the addition of Forrester with a negligible effect on the population, which in 2019 stood at 23,534.

Gogarloch
Gogarloch is a residential area within South Gyle, Edinburgh, Scotland. It lies near South Gyle railway station and South Gyle Broadway, 4+1⁄2 miles (7.2 km) west of the city centre. Corstorphine and Wester Broom are nearby.

Historically this area was marshland (hence 'loch' in the name) but the land was drained in the 19th century to create space for a new railway. Most of the housing is of the 1990s era.

Other lost lochs of Edinburgh include the Nor Loch and Burgh Loch on the site of the present day Meadows area.
Just Married (1928 film)
Just Married is a 1928 American comedy silent film directed by Frank R. Strayer and written by Frank Butler, George Marion Jr., and Gilbert Pratt. The film stars James Hall, Ruth Taylor, Harrison Ford, William Austin, Ivy Harris, Tom Ricketts and Maude Turner Gordon. The film was released on August 18, 1928, by Paramount Pictures. The film adapts the play of the same name by Adelaide Matthews and Anne Nichols.

Gilbert Pratt
Gilbert Pratt (February 16, 1892 – December 10, 1954) was an American film director, actor, and writer. He directed 87 films between 1917 and 1936 and was often credited as Gil Pratt. He was born in Providence, Rhode Island, and died in Los Angeles, California.
Howrah–Rajgir Fast Passenger
Howrah–Rajgir Fast Passenger was a passenger train belonging to Eastern Railway zone that ran between Howrah Junction and Rajgir via Bardhaman , Rampurhat , Sahibganj , Bhagalpur. It was being operated with 53043/53044 train numbers on a daily basis.It is currently Not operating and cancelled.

Sahibganj Junction railway station
Sahibganj Junction (station code: SBG) is an important railway station on the Rampurhat-Sahibganj section of Sahibganj loop line under the Malda railway division of Eastern Railway zone. It is situated beside National Highway 33 at Sahebganj in Sahebganj district in the Indian state of Jharkhand.
Stellated truncated hexahedron
In geometry, the stellated truncated hexahedron (or quasitruncated hexahedron, and stellatruncated cube) is a uniform star polyhedron, indexed as U19. It has 14 faces (8 triangles and 6 octagrams), 36 edges, and 24 vertices. It is represented by Schläfli symbol t'{4,3} or t{4/3,3}, and Coxeter-Dynkin diagram, . It is sometimes called quasitruncated hexahedron because it is related to the truncated cube, , except that the square faces become inverted into {8/3} octagrams.

Even though the stellated truncated hexahedron is a stellation of the truncated hexahedron, its core is a regular octahedron.

Stellation
In geometry, stellation is the process of extending a polygon in two dimensions, a polyhedron in three dimensions, or, in general, a polytope in n dimensions to form a new figure. Starting with an original figure, the process extends specific elements such as its edges or face planes, usually in a symmetrical way, until they meet each other again to form the closed boundary of a new figure. The new figure is a stellation of the original. The word stellation comes from the Latin stellātus, "starred", which in turn comes from the Latin stella, "star".
Stellation is the reciprocal or dual process to faceting.
Ventilation–perfusion mismatch
In the respiratory system, ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) mismatch refers to the pathological discrepancy between ventilation (V) and perfusion (Q) resulting in an abnormal ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) ratio. Ventilation is a measure of the amount of inhaled air that reaches the alveoli, while perfusion is a measure of the amount of deoxygenated blood that reaches the alveoli through the capillary beds. Under normal conditions, ventilation-perfusion coupling keeps ventilation (V) at approximately 4 L/min and normal perfusion (Q) at approximately 5 L/min. Thus, at rest, a normal V/Q ratio is 0.8. Any deviation from this value is considered a V/Q mismatch. Maintenance of the V/Q ratio is crucial for preservation of effective pulmonary gas exchange and maintenance of oxygenation levels. A mismatch can contribute to hypoxemia and often signifies the presence or worsening of an underlying pulmonary condition.

Capillary
A capillary is a small blood vessel, from 5 to 10 micrometres in diameter, and is part of the microcirculation system. Capillaries are microvessels and the smallest blood vessels in the body. They are composed of only the tunica intima (the innermost layer of an artery or vein), consisting of a thin wall of simple squamous endothelial cells. They are the site of the exchange of many substances from the surrounding interstitial fluid, and they convey blood from the smallest branches of the arteries (arterioles) to those of the veins (venules). Other substances which cross capillaries include water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, urea, glucose, uric acid, lactic acid and creatinine. Lymph capillaries connect with larger lymph vessels to drain lymphatic fluid collected in microcirculation.
Thulium(III) telluride
Thulium(III) telluride is an inorganic compound, one of the tellurides of thulium, with the chemical formula Tm2Te3. It is an orthorhombic crystal with space group Fddd. It can dissolve in lead telluride at high temperatures to form a solid solution.

Orthorhombic crystal system
In crystallography, the orthorhombic crystal system is one of the seven crystal systems. Orthorhombic lattices result from stretching a cubic lattice along two of its orthogonal pairs by two different factors, resulting in a rectangular prism with a rectangular base (a by b) and height (c), such that a, b, and c are distinct. All three bases intersect at 90° angles, so the three lattice vectors remain mutually orthogonal.
Pewit Island (Portsmouth Harbour)
Pewit Island is a small island in England located in the northwestern section of Portsmouth Harbour.

Historically it appears to have been connected to the mainland via a manmade shingle causeway, parts of which still exist. The island has been colonised by oak and blackthorn scrub and is home to species including sea lavender and golden samphire plants. The island is currently a Hampshire and Isle of Wight Wildlife Trust nature reserve.

In 1857 plans drawn up to improve the defences of Portsmouth included building a fortification on the island. The plans were later modified in the face of improved artillery technology and the fortification was never built.

Prunus spinosa
Prunus spinosa, called blackthorn or sloe, is a species of flowering plant in the rose family, Rosaceae. It is native to Europe and West Asia, and has been naturalized in parts of North America.

The fruits are used to make sloe gin in Great Britain and patxaran in Basque Country. The wood is used to make walking sticks, including the Irish shillelagh.
History of Ireland (400–795)
The early medieval history of Ireland, often referred to as Early Christian Ireland, spans the 5th to 8th centuries, from the gradual emergence out of the protohistoric period (Ogham inscriptions in Primitive Irish, mentions in Greco-Roman ethnography) to the beginning of the Viking Age. The period includes the Hiberno-Scottish mission of Christianised Ireland to regions of pagan Great Britain and the spread of Irish cultural influence to Continental Europe.

Primitive Irish
Primitive Irish or Archaic Irish (Irish: Gaeilge Ársa, Gaeilge Chianach), also called Proto-Goidelic, is the oldest known form of the Goidelic languages, and the ancestor of all languages within this family.

This phase of the language is known only from fragments, mostly personal names, inscribed on stone in the Ogham alphabet in Ireland and western Great Britain between the 4th and the 6th century AD, before the advent of Old Irish. These inscriptions are referred to as Orthodox Ogham, although scholastic use of the script continued residually until the early 19th century.
Nordzucker
Nordzucker AG, headquartered in Braunschweig, Germany, is Europe's second largest sugar manufacturer.
The production of sugar, liquid sugars and other specialities for the application in the nutrition, beverage and sweets industry as well as other sugar specialities like refined sugar, icing sugar, lump sugar, preserving sugar, tea sugars, organic sugar and flavoured sugars for consumers are the core business of the company. In addition to that, Nordzucker produces animal feed and bioethanol from sugar beet.
In the 2020/2021 financial year, the company produced 2.7 million tons of sugar from sugar beet and 0.7 million tons of sugar from sugar cane. Sales added up to EUR 1.67 billion and net income came to EUR 66 million.

Kantvik
Kantvik is a village in Kirkkonummi municipality in Uusimaa, Finland. It is located about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) south of the municipal center towards Upinniemi. Nearby services include a primary school and a Sale grocery store. There is a bus connection from Kantvik to the center of Kirkkonummi, such as lines 172, 173 and 904.

There is industry in Kantvik, such as the Suomen Sokeri sugar factory, and Mildola, which manufactures vegetable oil products. Kantvik has also two harbour areas, one of which, with an area of about five hectares, the Port of Helsinki manages.
Clemens Thoma
Clemens Thoma SVD (November 2, 1932 – December 7, 2011) was a Swiss theologian.

He was professor of theology and Jewish studies and founder of the Institute for Jewish-Christian Studies (IJCF) at the University of Lucerne.

He grew up as one of eleven children in a family in the Canton of St. Gallen. After theological studies at St. Augustin near Bonn and St. Gabriel in Vienna, he was ordained a priest. At the University of Vienna, he studied Judaism under Kurt Schubert.

As part of his research Thoma undertook a systematic approach to present Rabbinic parables to New Testament scholars, for comparative purposes. In 1994 Thoma received the Buber-Rosenzweig-Medal. Hayim Perelmuter stated that Thoma's work on the Rabbinic parables "adornes the world of scholarship".

University of Lucerne
The University of Lucerne (UNILU; German: Universität Luzern) is a public university with a campus in Lucerne, Switzerland. 1,460 undergraduates and 1,258  postgraduate students attend the university, which makes it Switzerland's smallest university.

Despite its size, it holds an international reputation in several areas. For instance, the Institute for Jewish-Christian Research has acquired renown despite its ban on hiring non-Catholic faculty. The university evolved over time: Since the early 17th century, courses in philosophy and theology have been taught in the city. The faculty of Theology was established in 1938, whereas the department of history was founded on 1 August 1989. In 1993, the faculty of humanities was established. After a popular vote, the University of Lucerne was established in 2000.
Josef Sterff
Josef Sterff (2 January 1935 – 7 September 2015) was a West German bobsledder who competed from the late 1950s to the early 1960s. He won a complete set of medals in the four-man event at the FIBT World Championships (gold: 1962, silver: 1958, bronze: 1959). Sterff also finished fifth in the four-man event at the 1964 Winter Olympics in Innsbruck.

FIBT World Championships 1958
The FIBT World Championships 1958 took place in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, West Germany for the fourth time. The West German city had hosted the event previously in 1934 (Four-man), 1938 (Four-man), and in 1953.
Money (Cardi B song)
"Money" is a song by American rapper Cardi B. It was released on October 23, 2018, through Atlantic Records. The song was included on a digital reissue of her second studio album Am I the Drama? (2025). It was written by Cardi B with its producer J. White Did It. Its music video features Cardi playing characters in different locations, including in an art museum, a bank and a brothel. Cardi performed the song at the 61st Annual Grammy Awards, alongside the "Money Bag" instrumental. The song and its music video received acclaim and accolades including Best Hip Hop Video at both the 2019 BET Hip Hop Awards and the 2019 MTV Video Music Awards and a Rhythm & Bars Award at the 2019 Soul Train Music Awards. "Money" was certified quintuple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).

Soul Train Music Award for Rhythm & Bars Award
This page lists the winners and nominees for the Soul Train Music Rhythm & Bars Award. Originally titled Best Hip-Hop Song of the Year, the award has been given since the 2010 ceremony. It was renamed to its current title in 2016. Cardi B and Drake are the acts with the most wins in this category, both winning twice.
Newcastle Light Rail
The Newcastle Light Rail is a light rail system in Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia, running from Newcastle Interchange through the central business district to Pacific Park. Major construction commenced in September 2017 and the line was opened on 17 February 2019. It is operated by Newcastle Transport for Transport for NSW.

Newcastle East, New South Wales
Newcastle East is an inner city suburb of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia, located immediately east of Newcastle's central business district at the mouth of the Hunter River. The Awabakal and Worimi peoples are acknowledged by City of Newcastle as the descendants of the traditional custodians of the land situated within the Newcastle local government area, including wetlands, rivers creeks and coastal environments. It is known that their heritage and cultural ties to Newcastle date back tens of thousands of years. The suburb includes Fort Scratchley, Newcastle Ocean Baths and Newcastle Beach. Formerly a site of heavy industry and railway yards, the suburb now contains the large Foreshore Park, and historic terraced housing.
Issachar Baer Berenstein
Issachar Baer ben Samuel Berenstein (1808, Groningen – 16 December 1893, The Hague) was a Dutch rabbi. He was the son of Rabbi Samuel ben Berish Berenstein, Chief Rabbi of Amsterdam, and was a dayyan of that town at the time of his father's death in 1838, continuing in that position for the following ten years. In 1848 he became Chief Rabbi of The Hague, succeeding Rabbi Joseph Asher Lehmans, who had died six years before. He held the latter position for forty-five years, during which time he contributed much to the building up of communal institutions, such as an orphan asylum and a Jewish hospital; he was also the organizer of a Jewish historical and literary society.

Berenstein's services were recognized by the government, and he was decorated with the insignia of the Order of the Golden Lion.

Beth din
A beth din (Hebrew: בֵּית דִּין, romanized: Bēṯ Dīn, Beit Din, lit. 'house of judgment', [beːθ ˈdiːn], Ashkenazic: beis din, plural: batei din) is a rabbinical court of Judaism. A hearing held before a beth din is called a din Torah (Hebrew: דין תורה, romanized: din Torah, lit. 'Torah law', plural dinei Torah). A beth din can be found both in Israel and in many Jewish diaspora communities.

A ruling (Hebrew: פסק, romanized: psak) from a beth din is based upon Jewish law (Hebrew: הלכה, romanized: halakha), though other legal systems are occasionally incorporated. Because it is not part of secular legal systems, when a case overlaps with secular courts its judgment is not always recognized by such courts.
Brunca (Bithynia)
Brunca or Brunka or Brunga was a town of ancient Bithynia on the coast of the Propontis, on the road from Nicomedia to Libyssa, 13 M.P. from the former and 12 M.P. of the latter.

Its site is tentatively located near Hereke/Yarımca, in Asiatic Turkey.

Sea of Marmara
The Sea of Marmara, also known as the Sea of Marmora, the Marmara Sea or Propontis /prəˈpɒntɪs/ (ancient Greek: Προποντίς /pro.ponˈdis/), is a small inland sea entirely within the borders of Turkey. It links the Black Sea and the Aegean Sea via the Bosporus and Dardanelles straits, separating Turkey's European and Asian sides. It has an area of 11,350 km2 (4,380 sq mi), and its dimensions are 280 km × 80 km (174 mi × 50 mi). Its greatest depth is 1,370 m (4,490 ft).