hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nutwood Site
The Nutwood Site is a pre-Columbian archaeological site located on the western site of Illinois Route 100 immediately south of Narrows Creek near Nutwood, Illinois. The site dates from the Jersey Bluff phase of the Late Woodland period, which lasted from 750 to 1100 A.D. A large shell midden is located at the site; the shells were likely fished from Narrows Creek and nearby Otter Creek. Four firepits, which were identified by their concentrations of burnt limestone and igneous rock, have also been found at the site. In addition, the presence of Hopewell pottery fragments suggests that the site had connections to the earlier Hopewell culture.

The site was added to the National Register of Historic Places on February 9, 1979.

Midden
A midden is an old dump for domestic waste. It may consist of animal bones, human excrement, botanical material, mollusc shells, potsherds, lithics (especially debitage), and other artifacts and biofacts associated with past human occupation.

These features provide a useful resource for archaeologists to study the diets and habits of past societies. Middens with damp, anaerobic conditions can even preserve organic remains in deposits as the debris of daily life are tossed on the pile. Each individual toss will contribute a different mix of materials depending upon the activity associated with that particular toss. During the course of deposition, sediment is deposited as well. Different mechanisms, from wind and water to animal digs, create a matrix which can also be analysed to provide seasonal and climatic information. In some middens individual dumps of material can be discerned and analysed.
Bill Sayer
William Sayer (22 June 1934 – 16 August 1989), also known by the nickname "Sos", was an English professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s. He played at representative level for Great Britain, and at club level for Wigan Highfield, Wigan and St. Helens, as a hooker.

Liverpool Stanley
Liverpool Stanley was a semi-professional rugby league club from Liverpool, England. It was renamed Liverpool City in 1951, but was otherwise unrelated to the original Liverpool club of the same name. The club's origins date back to 1880 when it was founded as Wigan Highfield. Although the club was best known for its years in Liverpool, the club relocated numerous times, and were known as London Highfield, Huyton, Runcorn Highfield, Highfield, and eventually Prescot Panthers throughout their existence before being eventually wound up in 1996.
St. Mary's School, Belgaum
St. Mary's High School is a co-educational school located in the Cantonment area in Belagavi, near the Head Post Office of Belagavi, India and is regulated and supervised by Karnataka Secondary Education Examination Board. It was founded in 1851 and is celebrating its 165th jubilee in 2016. Near by educational institutions are Islamiya College and B K Model High School.

National Cadet Corps (India)
The National Cadet Corps (NCC) is the youth wing of the Indian Armed Forces with its headquarters in New Delhi, India. It is open to school and college students on voluntary basis as a Tri-Services Organisation, comprising the Army, the Navy and  Air Force. Cadets are given basic military training in small arms and drill. Officers and cadets have no liability for active military service once they complete their course.
Columbus Historic District (Columbus, Georgia)
Columbus Historic District in Columbus, Georgia is a historic district that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1969.  Its area was increased in 1988.  The original district included 20 city blocks and nine partial city blocks, and was bounded by the Chattahoochee River on the west, Ninth Street on the north, Fourth Avenue (U.S. Highway 27) on the east, and Fourth Street on the south.

The expanded district included 343 contributing buildings, one other structure, three sites, and one object (an 1879 Confederate war memorial).

Fifteen of the historic houses had been moved but were still deemed to contribute to the historic character of the district.

It includes the antebellum octagon house at 527 1st Avenue, a National Historic Landmark, named Octagon House or May's Folly.

Octagon house
Octagon houses are eight-sided houses that were popular in the United States and Canada mostly in the 1850s. They are characterized by an octagonal (eight-sided) plan and often feature a flat roof and a veranda that encircles the house. Their unusual shape and appearance, quite different from the ornate pitched-roof houses typical of the period, can generally be traced to the influence of amateur architect and lifestyle pundit Orson Squire Fowler. Although there are other octagonal houses worldwide, the term octagon house usually refers to octagonal houses built in North America during this period, and up to the early 20th century.
Kaoru Wada
Kaoru Wada (和田 薫, Wada Kaoru; born May 5, 1962) is a Japanese composer and arranger. He has composed the scores for many anime series, including Inuyasha, D.Gray-man, Saint Seiya: The Lost Canvas, Samurai 7 and, more recently, Tesla Note.

He also became known to the West through his arranged works for orchestra and piano in video games like Kingdom Hearts and Kingdom Hearts II.

Wada, along with other later-famous musicians, studied at the Tokyo College of Music under Akira Ifukube and Sei Ikeno. He is also an apprentice of the famed Godzilla composer, Akira Ifukube. He is married to Inuyasha voice actress Akiko Nakagawa, who voices Sota Higurashi in that anime.

Tokyo College of Music
Tokyo College of Music (東京音楽大学, Tōkyō Ongaku Daigaku) is a private music school and university in Tokyo, Japan. Offering a range of undergraduate, post graduate and doctoral degree programs, the college was originally named as the Toyo Conservatory of Music (東洋音楽学校, Tōyō Ongaku Gakkō) in Kanda, Tokyo, in 1907.
Kaatrinile Varum Geetham
Kaatrinile Varum Geetham (transl. The song wafts into the air) is a 1978 Indian Tamil-language film, directed by S. P. Muthuraman and written by Panchu Arunachalam. The film stars R. Muthuraman and Kavitha. It was released on 26 January 1978.

S. P. Muthuraman
Subbiah Palaniappan "S.P." Muthuraman, also referred to as SPM, is an Indian film director who works in the Tamil film industry. He has directed 72 films in Tamil. He was one of the most successful commercial directors in Tamil cinema. Initially he worked mainly with R. Muthuraman, Jaishankar, Sivaji Ganesan and went on to direct successful films with Rajinikanth and Kamal Haasan.

S. P. Muthuraman debuted as an assistant director in the film Kalathur Kannamma (1960). He has received two South Filmfare Awards and a Best Director award from the Tamil Nadu State Government.

Since 1977, his association with Rajinikanth proved to be extremely successful, as they went on work together in 25 films. Muthuraman was mainly responsible for moulding Rajini's career and turning him into a commercial star. He was also the associate producer of the Rajinikanth starrer Sivaji.
GS&WR Class 47
The Great Southern and Western Railway (GS&WR) Class 47 consisted of twenty 0-4-4BT locomotives designed by Alexander McDonnell and introduced from 1883.  They were intended for branch lines around Cork and for Dublin—Kildare and Dublin-Kilkenny services.: 65, 66

Class 47 was preceded by four members of class 28 introduced from about 1879, these having a slightly longer wheelbase.  Only one of class 28 remaining into GSR service when it was renumbered 40 and included in GSR Class 47. This was the 100th locomotive built under the Alexander McDonnell period and was temporarily numbered 100 when new.: 65–66

0-4-4T
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 0-4-4 represents the wheel arrangement of no leading wheels, four powered and coupled driving wheels on two axles, and four trailing wheels on two axles. This type was only used for tank locomotives.

In the UK 0-4-4 tanks were mainly used for suburban or rural passenger duties. In America, the wheel arrangement became known as the Forney, after a specific design of 0-4-4s, the Forney locomotive, became heavily used on the narrow curves of elevated railways and other rapid transit lines.
Jarne Van de Paar
Jarne Van de Paar (born 23 October 2000) is a Belgian professional cyclist, who currently rides for UCI ProTeam Lotto. He is the 2022 Under-23 Belgian Road Race Champion. Just a few days after becoming a professional, he finished 3rd in the 2023 Trofeo Palma.

Belgian National Road Race Championships
The Belgian National Road Race Championship is a cycling race which decides who will become Belgian national champion for the year to come. The men's record for most wins is currently held by one of the most successful Belgian sprinters, Tom Steels, who managed to take four road championship titles.

The winners of each event are awarded with a symbolic cycling jersey, which is black, yellow and red, like the national flag. These colours can be worn by the rider at other road racing events to show their status as national champion. The champion's stripes can be combined into a sponsored rider's team kit design for this purpose.
Tri Martolod
Tri Martolod ("Three sailors" in Breton) or Tri Martolod Yaouank ("Three young sailors"), is a traditional Breton song which dates to the 18th century in Lower Brittany. It was made famous by the interpretation, the arrangement and the recordings made by the Breton harpist Alan Stivell, in the 1970s.

The lyrics tell the story of three young sailors who embark for Newfoundland and the history quickly settles into a romantic dialogue. The music is a round in three steps typical of the South Cornouaille and common in the Breton coastal areas.

Lower Brittany
Lower Brittany (Breton: Breizh-Izel; French: Basse-Bretagne) denotes the parts of Brittany west of Ploërmel, where the Breton language has been traditionally spoken, and where the culture associated with this language is most prolific. The name is in distinction to Upper Brittany, the eastern part of Brittany, which is of a predominantly Romance culture.
Curve tracer
A curve tracer is a specialised piece of electronic test equipment used to analyze the characteristics of discrete electronic components, such as diodes, transistors, thyristors, and vacuum tubes. The device contains voltage and current sources that can be used to stimulate the device under test (DUT).

Current source
A current source is an electronic circuit that delivers or absorbs an electric current which is independent of the voltage across it.

A current source is the dual of a voltage source. The term current sink is sometimes used for sources fed from a negative voltage supply. Figure 1 shows the schematic symbol for an ideal current source driving a resistive load. There are two types. An independent current source (or sink) delivers a constant current. A dependent current source delivers a current which is proportional to some other voltage or current in the circuit.
Clive Alderton
Sir Clive Alderton KCVO (born 9 May 1967) is a British diplomat and courtier who has served as Private Secretary to King Charles III and Queen Camilla since 8 September 2022. As Private Secretary to the Sovereign, he is the senior operational member of the Royal Households of the United Kingdom. In this role, he took part in the 2023 Coronation. He is the 25th holder of the office of Private Secretary since its inception in 1805.

He previously served them in their capacity as Prince of Wales and Duchess of Cornwall, as their private secretary since 2015.  He had previously worked in the Foreign Office, and had served as the British ambassador to Morocco from 2012 to 2015.

Prince of Wales
Prince of Wales is a title traditionally given to the male heir apparent to the English, and later, the British throne. The title originated with the Welsh rulers of Gwynedd who, from the late 12th century, used it (albeit inconsistently) to assert their supremacy over the other Welsh rulers. However, to mark the finalisation of his conquest of Wales, in 1301, Edward I of England invested his son Edward of Caernarfon with the title, thereby beginning the tradition of giving the title to the heir apparent when he was the monarch's son or grandson. The title was later claimed by the leader of a Welsh rebellion, Owain Glyndŵr, from 1400 until 1415.

King Charles III created his son, William, Prince of Wales on 9 September 2022, the day after his accession to the throne, with formal letters patent issued on 13 February 2023. The title has become a point of controversy in Wales.
VR-RNA
In molecular biology, VR-RNA is a small RNA produced by Clostridium perfringens. It functions as a regulator of the two-component VirR/VirS system.

VR-RNA regulates numerous genes including:

Toxin-encoding genes plc, colA and cpb2

Other virulence-related genes such as hyaluronidases and sialidase

Possible collagen adhesin gene (cna)

Extracellular nuclease, cadA

Enzymes such as Acid phosphatase, Heme oxygenase HemO and N-acetylglucosaminidases

Genes encoding transport proteins

Genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism

Genes encoding transport proteins

Arginine deiminase (ADI) pathway genes

Genes involved in citrate metabolism

VR-RNA regulates the toxin colA (collagenase)  by base-pairing to colA mRNA, the 3′ end of VR-RNA base-pairs to a region in the 5′UTR of the colA mRNA. This induces cleavage of the colA mRNA in the 5′ UTR and leads to stabilisation of the mRNA and increased translation.

Collagenase
Collagenases are enzymes that break the peptide bonds in collagen.  They assist in destroying extracellular structures in the pathogenesis of bacteria such as Clostridium.  They are considered a virulence factor, facilitating the spread of gas gangrene.  They normally target the connective tissue in muscle cells and other body organs.

Collagen, a key component of the animal extracellular matrix, is made through cleavage of pro-collagen by collagenase once it has been secreted from the cell.  This stops large structures from forming inside the cell itself.

In addition to being produced by some bacteria, collagenase can be made by the body as part of its normal immune response.  This production is induced by cytokines, which stimulate cells such as fibroblasts and osteoblasts, and can cause indirect tissue damage.
I, Lucifer (Destroy the Runner album)
I, Lucifer is the second studio album from metalcore band Destroy the Runner. It was released on April 15, 2008. The album charted in the U.S. on the Billboard magazine Top Christian Albums chart at No. 27 and on the Top Heatseekers chart at No. 25.

It is the first Destroy the Runner album to feature Chad Ackerman as a lead vocalist, and the first to feature Tanner Sparks on Bass guitar. It is also the band's last studio album released prior to their hiatus in 2010.

I, Lucifer shows the band drifting away from their metalcore sound established in their debut, Saints, as it features less screaming and more singing.

Top Christian Albums
Top Christian Albums is a weekly chart published in Billboard magazine that ranks the best-performing Christian albums in the United States. Like the Billboard 200, the data is compiled by Nielsen Soundscan based on each album's weekly physical and digital sales, as well as on-demand streaming and digital sales of its individual tracks. The chart was introduced on the magazine issue dated March 29, 1980, under the title "Best Selling Inspirational LPs". The current name was adopted on August 16, 2003, in an effort to "streamline" chart titles. The first number-one album was Candle's Music Machine. Amy Grant's Age to Age, released in 1982, topped the chart for 85 consecutive weeks, the longest for any album on the chart.

The current number-one album on the chart is Child of God II by Forrest Frank.
Cyrtostachys
Cyrtostachys is a genus of flowering plant in the family Arecaceae. Its species are found in southeast Asia, New Guinea, and in some of the South-Central and Southwest Pacific island habitats of the Oceanian realm.

Species:

Cyrtostachys bakeri Heatubun - Papua New Guinea

Cyrtostachys barbata Heatubun - western New Guinea

Cyrtostachys elegans Burret - central New Guinea

Cyrtostachys excelsa Heatubun - western New Guinea

Cyrtostachys glauca H.E.Moore - Papua New Guinea

Cyrtostachys loriae Becc. -  Solomon Islands, New Guinea, Bismarck Archipelago

Cyrtostachys renda Blume - Red candle-wax palm - Thailand, Borneo, Malaysia, Sumatra

Odoardo Beccari
Odoardo Beccari (16 November 1843 – 25 October 1920) was an Italian botanist famous for his discoveries in Indonesia, New Guinea, and Australia. He has been called the greatest botanist to ever study Malesia. The standard author abbreviation Becc. is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.
Thinking Electronic
Thinking Electronic Industrial Co., Ltd. (THINKING; Chinese: 興勤電子工業股份有限公司; pinyin: Xìngqín Diànzǐ Gōngyè Gǔfèn Yǒuxiàn Gōngsī) (TWSE：2428) is one of the major circuit protection component manufacturer in Taiwan. It was established in 1979 and the headquarters are in Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

Temperature coefficient
A temperature coefficient describes the relative change of a physical property that is associated with a given change in temperature. For a property R that changes when the temperature changes by dT, the temperature coefficient α is defined by the equation below:

Here α has the dimension of an inverse temperature and can be expressed e.g. in 1/K or K−1.

If the temperature coefficient itself does not vary too much with temperature and , a linear approximation will be useful in estimating the value R of a property at a temperature T, given its value R0 at a reference temperature T0:

where ΔT is the difference between T and T0.

For strongly temperature-dependent α, this approximation is only useful for small temperature differences ΔT.

Temperature coefficients are specified for various applications, including electric and magnetic properties of materials as well as reactivity. The temperature coefficient of most of the reactions lies between 2 and 3.
Kabete
Kabete is the ancestral name of the present Kiambu county. Today, it is a neighbourhood that located along the border of Nairobi and Kiambu counties. It is located less than 15 km (9.3 mi) outside of the capital city of Nairobi. According to the 2009 census, the Kabete area has a population of 140,427.  As part of the Nairobi Highlands area, the region's environment remains unpolluted.

Anthropologist Louis Leakey was born in Kabete. His nickname was Giteru and hence the reference Kabete gwa Giteru (Meaning Kabete, Giteru's place). The Mary Leakey High School, founded in the Lower Kabete area remains as part of his family's legacy.

Kabete town also has the Kabete National Polytechnic, that offers tertiary education.

Nairobi City County
Nairobi City County is one of the 47 Counties of Kenya and serves as the capital of Kenya. It is the most populous county as of the 2019 census with a population of 4,397,073, yet among the smallest in area at 696.1 km². Despite its small size, Nairobi County contributes approximately 27.5% of Kenya's Gross Domestic Product, making it the economic powerhouse of the nation.

The county was established on 4 March 2013 under Kenya's new constitution, replacing the former Nairobi Province administrative unit. It comprises 17 constituencies and 85 electoral wards, with 11 gazetted sub-counties for administrative purposes.
Sue Stap
Susan Stap Kust (born June 3, 1954) is an American former professional tennis player.

A native of Deerfield, Illinois, Stap was ranked as high as 34 in the world while competing on the professional tour during the 1970s. She and her sister Sandy were coached by their father, Jake Stap, who in his youth was a good enough baseball pitcher to be signed by the Chicago White Sox and is credited with inventing the tennis ball hopper.

Stap made the singles third round at the 1972 Wimbledon Championships and was a two-time US Open quarter-finalist in mixed doubles. She won the 1971 Charlotte Tennis Classic doubles title with Chris Evert and was doubles runner-up with Virginia Wade at the 1974 Virginia Slims of Houston. Her career also included a win over Martina Navratilova and an appearance in the end of season Virginia Slims Championships in 1975.

1975 Virginia Slims Championships
The 1975 Virginia Slims Championships were the fourth season-ending Tour Championships, the annual tennis tournament for the best female tennis players in singles on the Virginia Slims Circuit. The 16 best players, based on points average, qualified for the tournament provided they had played at least six tournaments. The singles event consisted of an elimination round and the eight winners were subsequently divided over two round robin groups (Gold and Green). The winners of each group played each other in the final and additionally there were play-off matches for third, fifth and seventh place. The tournament was played on synthetic carpet (Sporteze) and was held in the week of March 31 to April 5, 1975, at the Los Angeles Sports Arena in Los Angeles, California. This was the first year the tournament switched from October to April.

The doubles tournament was held separately in Tokyo, Japan as the first edition of the WTA Doubles Championships.
Ladino people
The Ladino people are a mix of mestizo or Hispanicized peoples in Latin America, principally in Central America. The demonym Ladino is a Spanish word that is related to Latino. Ladino is an exonym initially used during the colonial era to refer to those Spanish-speakers who were not Peninsulares, Criollos or Indigenous peoples.

Hispanicization
Hispanicization or Hispanization (Spanish: hispanización) refers to the process by which a place or person becomes influenced by Hispanic culture or a process of cultural and/or linguistic change in which something non-Hispanic becomes Hispanic. Hispanicization is illustrated by spoken Spanish, production and consumption of Hispanic food, Spanish language music, and participation in Hispanic festivals and holidays. In the former Spanish colonies, the term is also used in the narrow linguistic sense of the Spanish language replacing indigenous languages.
Georges Romme
Georges Romme (Dutch: Sjoerd) is a Dutch organizational theorist, academic and author. He is a full professor of Entrepreneurship & Innovation at the Eindhoven University of Technology.

Romme is known for introducing design science to organization and management studies. He has also pioneered the so-called thesis circle and is a thought leader on topics as professionalism and (organizational) hierarchy. He has authored and co-authored research articles and books, including The Quest for Professionalism: The Case of Management and Entrepreneurship, for which he received the EURAM Best Book Award and the Responsible Research in Management Award in 2017. He is also the recipient of the 2016 Tjalling C. Koopmans Asset Award from Tilburg University and the 2019 Distinguished Scholar-Practitioner Award from the Academy of Management.

Professionalism
Professionalism is a set of standards that an individual is expected to adhere to in a workplace, usually in order to appear serious, uniform, and/or respectful. What constitutes professionalism is hotly debated and varies from workplace to workplace and between cultures. Professionalism is typically defined as a mix of professional ethics and dress code.