hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Liu Shuahe
Liu Shuahe (Chinese: 劉耍和; pinyin: Liú Shuǎhé; Wade–Giles: Liu2 Shua3-ho2) was a popular Chinese yuanben (or zaju) actor of the late Jin dynasty (1115–1234) who was active in the first half of the 13th century. He was a group leader of the Court Entertainment Bureau, and some yuanben and zaju plays were written about him.

Du Renjie (杜仁傑) in his sanqu Zhuangjia bushi goulan (莊家不識枸欄) referred to him as a "legendary celebrity". A source mentioned a great male actor surnamed Liu during the early Yuan dynasty who was good at kefan, or comedy skills, but it's unclear whether he was indeed Liu Shuahe.

Liu Shuahe's sons-in-law Hua Lilang (花李郎) and Hongzi Li Er (紅字李二) were both actors-turned-playwrights.

Yuanben
Yuanben (Chinese: 院本; pinyin: Yuànběn) was an early form of Chinese opera which thrived in northern China during the Jin dynasty (1115–1234) and early Yuan dynasty (1271–1368). Unlike the contemporary nanxi, which flourished in East China, no yuanben play has survived. Nevertheless, 691 yuanben titles are listed in a 1366 book by Tao Zongyi. Yuanben might have been very similar to the zaju in the Song dynasty which controlled southern China, and it eventually evolved into the zaju of the Yuan dynasty.
Gafford
Gafford is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alice Taylor Gafford (1886–1981), American nurse, teacher, and artist

Carl Gafford (born 1953), American comics artist

Daniel Gafford (born 1998), American basketball player

Monk Gafford (1920–1987), American football player

Ray Gafford (1914–1990), American golfer

Rico Gafford (born 1996), American football player

Thomas Gafford (born 1983), American football player

Thomas Gafford
Thomas Edward Gafford (born January 29, 1983) is an American former professional football player who was a long snapper in the National Football League (NFL). He was signed by the Green Bay Packers as an undrafted free agent in 2006. He played college football for the Houston Cougars.

Gafford was also a member of the Seattle Seahawks, Kansas City Chiefs, Chicago Bears, Oakland Raiders, Denver Broncos, and New Orleans Saints.
Joyce Kazmierski
Joyce Kazmierski (born August 14, 1945) is an American professional golfer.

Kazmierski played college golf at Michigan State University, winning the national individual intercollegiate golf championship in 1966.

Kazmierski played on the LPGA Tour from 1968 to 1986. While never winning on tour, Kazmierski was a multiple-time runner-up and when retiring after a 17-year career was among the top 50 career money earners. Her runner-up finishes included the 1973 Sears Women's Classic, 1974 LPGA Borden Classic, 1974 National Jewish Hospital Open, 1977 Orange Blossom Classic, 1977 Greater Baltimore Golf Classic, 1978 Mayflower Classic, and 1982 Inamori Classic.

Kazmierski's life partner was fellow LPGA golfer Sandra Spuzich. Kazmierski and Spuzich were married on August 22, 2015.

Columbia Savings LPGA National Pro-Am
The Columbia Savings LPGA National Pro-Am was a golf tournament on the LPGA Tour from 1972 to 1987. It was played at several clubs in the Denver, Colorado area. From 1985 to 1987, the tournament was played on two courses.
GURPS Japan
GURPS Japan, full title GURPS Japan: Roleplaying in the World of the Shogunate (1st edition) or GURPS Japan: Beauty, Terror, and Adventure (2nd edition), is a sourcebook for GURPS, a role-playing game by Steve Jackson Games. The first edition was published in 1988.

Splatbook
A splatbook or sourcebook is a supplement for a particular role-playing game (RPG) that is not needed for basic play, but is devoted to a particular facet, such as a character class or fictional faction, providing additional background details, scenarios, rules options, or other materials that players can use to extend or enhance the central game. For example, a "swords and sorcery" fantasy game might offer splatbooks for each of the races in the setting: humans, dwarves, elves, and others. A splatbook supplements the core materials of a game, which are typically given in a basic  publication known as the core rulebook or by other names — these core books might also be referred to as sourcebooks, occasionally. Splatbooks may also be offered for other types of games, such as wargames or other tabletop games.
Virta
Virta (also written as Wirta) is a Laine type Finnish surname (in Finnish, it means "river" or "stream"). Notable people with the surname include:

Eemeli Virta (born 2000), Finnish footballer

Hannu Virta (born 1963), Finnish ice hockey player

Ilkka Juhani Virta (born 1961), Finnish historian

Jalmari Virta (1884–1938), Finnish politician

Marjukka Virta (born 1983), Finnish ringette player

Nikolai Virta (1906–1976), Russian writer, Stalin Prize winner

Olavi Virta (1915–1972), Finnish singer, "king of Finnish tango"

Ossi Virta (born 1988), Finnish football manager and footballer

Päivi Virta (born 1964), Finnish ice hockey player

Patrik Virta (born 1996), Finnish ice hockey player

Pekka Virta (born 1969), Finnish ice hockey player

Sofia Virta (born 1990), Finnish politician

Tony Virta (born 1972), Finnish ice hockey player

Tony Virta
Tony Virta (born June 18, 1972) is a Finnish former professional ice hockey forward. He was drafted by the Minnesota Wild as their fourth-round pick in the 2001 NHL Entry Draft.

On December 5, 2005, Virta received a serious knee injury from a failed hip check against him in a game against Ilves, but recovered to play in the last games of the season.

In the summer of 2001 Virta signed with Färjestads BK, but before the season had started he signed with the NHL club Minnesota Wild, who had drafted the same summer, and therefore never played a game for Färjestad.
Eunice Cho
Eunice Cho (born December 15, 1991) is an American actress and scientist.  Her best-known role was Robin in the Cartoon Network live-action/animated TV movie, Re-Animated. She also voiced Kiku Wong in Little Bill on Nickelodeon.

Cho obtained a Ph.D. degree in pharmacology from Yale University, where she studied regulation of oncogenic mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling. Her Erdős-Bacon number is 5.

Mitogen-activated protein kinase
A mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK or MAP kinase) is a type of  serine/threonine-specific protein kinases involved in directing cellular responses to a diverse array of stimuli, such as mitogens, osmotic stress, heat shock and proinflammatory cytokines. They regulate cell functions including proliferation, gene expression, differentiation, mitosis, cell survival, and apoptosis.

MAP kinases are found in eukaryotes only, but they are fairly diverse and encountered in all animals, fungi and plants, and even in an array of unicellular eukaryotes.

MAPKs belong to the CMGC (CDK/MAPK/GSK3/CLK) kinase group. The closest relatives of MAPKs are the cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs).
Sharpe Homestead and Cemetery
Sharpe Homestead and Cemetery is a historic home and cemetery located at Defreestville in Rensselaer County, New York.  The house was built about 1740 and is a 1+1⁄2-story rectangular frame dwelling, 20 feet by 40 feet, topped by a steeply pitched gable roof covered with standing seam metal.  It rests on a low fieldstone foundation.  The family cemetery contains approximately a dozen stones marking the graves of the Sharpe and Barringer families.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.

Rensselaer County, New York
Rensselaer County /rɛnsəˈlɪər/ ren-sə-LEER is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 161,130, it's highest decennial count ever. Its county seat is Troy. The county is named in honor of the family of Kiliaen van Rensselaer, the original Dutch owner of the land in the area. The county is part of the Capital District region of the state.

Rensselaer County is part of the Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Adam Kidan
Adam Kidan (born 30 July 1964) is an American business executive and former lawyer who is the current president of Empire Workforce. He is also the current vice chairman of the Staffing Advisory Group.

Previously, he served as the president of Atlantic & Pacific Mattress Co.

Business executive
A business executive is a person responsible for running an organization, although the exact nature of the role varies depending on the organization.

Executives run companies or government agencies. They create plans to help their organizations grow. Becoming an executive usually takes years of promotions and hard work since the qualifications of this role needs hard working individuals with years of experience in multiple facets of the business.
Sabrina Latreche
Sabrina Latreche (born 30 July 1993) is an Algerian chess player.

She has been a Woman International Master (WIM) since 2011
She won the African championship under 16 years in South Africa 2009
She was part of the Algerian team which won the team gold medal in All Arab games 2011 in Qatar 
She was the winner of the 2014 and 2016 Women's Arab Chess Championship, and 2018 Arab chess championship blitz.

She won the Algerian Women's chess championship five times: in 2011 and four times in a row from 2015 to 2018.

She represented Algeria at seven Olympiads from 2006 to 2018.

She won a gold medal for the second board at Chess at the 2011 All-Africa Games, and was part of the Algerian team which won the team silver medal.

She played in the Women's World Chess Championship 2017 and she is qualified for the Women's World Chess Championship 2020

Arab Chess Championship
The Arab Chess Championship is an annual international chess competition organized by the Arab Chess Federation, with 18 member countries. Parallel Men's and Women's competitions have been held in various cities since 1983.
2010 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group I – Pool B
Group B of the 2010 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group I was one of two pools in the Asia/Oceania Zone Group I of the 2010 Fed Cup. Four teams competed in a round robin competition, with the top team and the bottom two teams proceeding to their respective sections of the play-offs: the top teams played for advancement to the World Group II Play-offs, while the bottom teams faced potential relegation to Group II.

Pool (cue sports)
Pool is a group of cue sports played on a billiard table. The table has six pockets along the rails, into which balls are shot. Of the many different pool games, the most popular include: eight-ball, blackball, nine-ball, ten-ball, seven-ball, straight pool, one-pocket, and bank pool. Eight-ball is the most frequently played discipline of pool, and it is often thought of as synonymous with "pool".

The generic term pocket billiards is sometimes also used, and favored by some pool-industry bodies, but is technically a broader classification, including games such as snooker, Russian pyramid, and kaisa, which are not referred to as pool games. There are also hybrid games combining aspects of both pool and carom billiards, such as American four-ball billiards, bottle pool, cowboy pool, and English billiards.
Positive (2008 film)
Positive is a 2008 Indian Malayalam-language crime thriller film directed by V. K. Prakash starring Jayasurya, Skanda Ashok, Vani Kishore, Saikumar, and Ananya. The film was dubbed into Telugu as Suspense in 2016.

V. K. Prakash
V. K. Prakash (born 12 October 1960) is an Indian film director and actor. He makes films, music videos, and commercials, and works predominantly in Malayalam, but has also directed Telugu, Marathi, Kannada and Hindi films. Prakash's debut feature directorial was Punaradhivasam (2000) which won the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Malayalam and Kerala State Film Award for Best Debut Director. His film Nirnayakam (2015) won the National Film Award for Best Film on Other Social Issues.
France–Qatar relations
France–Qatar relations are the bilateral relations between France and the Qatar. The first embassy to be established was the Qatari embassy in France in 1972, and the first bilateral agreement was signed in 1974. Qatar has marked various concurrences with France, covering all areas such as cultural, political, economical, academic, scientific and military agreements. The nations are tied in a key discourse protocol, where conversation over various issues of significance to the two capitals are occurring consistently.

Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani
Tamim bin Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani (Arabic: تميم بن حمد بن خليفة آل ثاني, romanized: Tamīm bin Ḥamad bin Khalīfa Āl Thānī; born 3 June 1980) has reigned as the Emir of Qatar since 25 June 2013, succeeding his father, Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani. Born in Doha, he is the fourth son of the former Emir and his second wife, Moza bint Nasser. Tamim became heir apparent in 2003 after his older brother Sheikh Jassim renounced his claim to the throne.
2015 Open Sud de France – Doubles
Nikolay Davydenko and Denis Istomin were the defending champions, but Davydenko retired from professional tennis in October 2014. Istomin played alongside Alexander Kudryavtsev, but they lost in the first round to Dominic Inglot and Florin Mergea.
Marcus Daniell and Artem Sitak won the title, defeating Inglot and Mergea in the final, 3–6, 6–4, [16–14].

Nikolay Davydenko
Nikolay Vladimirovich Davydenko (Russian: Никола́й Влади́мирович Давыде́нко listenⓘ; born 2 June 1981) is a Russian former professional tennis player. He achieved a career-high singles ranking of World No. 3 in November 2006. Davydenko's best result in a Grand Slam tournament was reaching the semi-finals, which he accomplished on four occasions: twice each at the French Open and the U.S. Open, losing to Roger Federer in all but one of them. His biggest achievement was winning the 2009 ATP World Tour Finals, and he also won three ATP Masters Series. In mid-October 2014 Davydenko retired from playing professionally.
Christopher Trapani
Christopher Trapani (born 1980) is an American/Italian composer of contemporary classical music. In 2007 he won the Gaudeamus Award of the Dutch Gaudeamus Foundation. A CD of his music, Waterlines, was released in 2018. A second release of Waterlines by the Ictus Ensemble was named one of the top 5 classical releases of 2020 by De Standaard. In 2021–2022 he was a visiting assistant professor at the Thornton School of Music of the University of Southern California.

Contemporary classical music
Contemporary classical music is Western art music composed close to the present day. At the beginning of the 21st century, it commonly referred to the post-1945 post-tonal music after the death of Anton Webern, and included serial music, electronic music, experimental music, and minimalist music. Newer forms of music include spectral music and post-minimalism.
The World Turned Upside Down: Radical Ideas During the English Revolution
The World Turned Upside Down: Radical Ideas During the English Revolution is a book by the British historian Christopher Hill, published in 1972 and republished many times since.  It offers a "history from below" perspective on the English Civil Wars focussing on the ordinary people that participated in radical religious groups such as the Diggers, the Seekers, the Ranters, the Quakers and the Levellers.

Bhogal & Haydon (2017) in their book .An Analysis of Christopher Hill's The World Turned Upside Down: Radical Ideas During the English Revolution argue that Hill has inspired and influenced a whole generation of historians in the study of the English Revolution and the approach to be taken. They argue that Hill argues that to be able to understand what the Revolution was really like we need to understand intellectual currents which lay behind many of the actions taken and this is what he provides.

Seekers
The Seekers, or Legatine-Arians as they were sometimes known, were an English dissenting group that emerged around the 1620s, probably inspired by the preaching of three brothers – Walter, Thomas, and Bartholomew Legate. Seekers considered all organised churches of their day corrupt and preferred to wait for God's revelation. Many of them subsequently joined the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers).
Flow-sensitive typing
In programming language theory, flow-sensitive typing (also called flow typing or occurrence typing) is a type system where the type of an expression depends on its position in the control flow.

In statically typed languages, a type of an expression is determined by the types of the sub-expressions that compose it. However, in flow-sensitive typing, an expression's type may be updated to a more specific type if it follows an operation that validates its type. Validating operations can include type predicates, imperative updates, and control flow.

Expression (computer science)
In computer science, an expression is a syntactic entity in a programming language that may be evaluated to determine its value of a specific semantic type. It is a combination of one or more constants, variables, functions, and operators that the programming language interprets (according to its particular rules of precedence and of association) and computes to produce ("to return", in a stateful environment) another value.
In simple settings, the resulting value is usually one of various primitive types, such as string, boolean, or numerical (such as integer, floating-point, or complex).

Expressions are often contrasted with statements—syntactic entities that have no value (an instruction).
Mangala Bhatt
Mangala Bhatt (1963 – 16 June 2025) was an Indian Kathak dance exponent. She was the senior disciple of Kathak maestro Pt. Durga Lal Ji of Jaipur Gharana. She performed at many festivals in India. She was also the founding director of Aakruti Kathak Kendra.

Deccan Chronicle
Deccan Chronicle is an English-language daily newspaper based in Hyderabad, India. Founded in 1938, it was initially launched as a weekly and later converted into a daily. The newspaper's name reflects its origins in the Deccan region of India. Deccan Chronicle is owned by Samagrah Commercial Pvt Limited and published by Deccan Chronicle Holdings Limited (DCHL).

Deccan Chronicle has historically been one of the largest and most influential English dailies in the region, with editions in Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Chennai, and Bengaluru. Despite facing financial challenges, including significant debt and the impact of digital media, Deccan Chronicle remains an important publication, primarily serving readers in the southern states of India.

In addition to Deccan Chronicle, DCHL also publishes Financial Chronicle, a financial newspaper, and The Asian Age, an English-language daily.  Additionally, it published the Telugu daily Andhra Bhoomi from 1960 until 2020.
Paul Baloff
Paul Nicholas Baloff (April 25, 1960 – February 2, 2002) was an American singer, best known as the original lead vocalist of the thrash metal band Exodus. He was fired from Exodus shortly after the release of the band's 1985 debut album Bonded by Blood, which is considered one of the most influential thrash metal albums of all time. He sang with various other bands before rejoining Exodus in 1997. Baloff died of a stroke in 2002.

Let There Be Blood
Let There Be Blood is the ninth studio album by American thrash metal band Exodus. It is a re-record of their 1985 debut album Bonded by Blood. The only band members who play on both Bonded by Blood and Let There Be Blood are guitarist Gary Holt and drummer Tom Hunting. The track "Hell's Breath" originally appears on the "1983 Rehearsal" with Kirk Hammett and never was recorded officially.
Civic District
The Civic District is a district located near the Singapore River in the Central Area of Singapore.

It contains historical buildings and museums such as The Arts House (the former Parliament House), National Gallery Singapore (consisting of the Former Supreme Court Building and Former City Hall), National Museum of Singapore (the former Raffles Library and Museum), and Asian Civilisations Museum (the former Empress Place Building). It also includes the memorial such as the Civilian War Memorial, Lim Bo Seng Memorial and The Cenotaph. Other institutions within the district includes Parliament House, Esplanade, Fort Canning, Supreme Court Building, Raffles City, and the City Hall MRT station.

Empress Place Building
1°17′14″N 103°51′06″E﻿ / ﻿1.28722°N 103.85167°E﻿ / 1.28722; 103.85167

The Empress Place Building is a building in Singapore, located on the north bank of the Singapore River in the Downtown Core, within the Central Area. The building is currently the second wing of the Asian Civilisations Museum. The other wing of the museum is located at the Old Tao Nan School building along Armenian Street.
Upper Wisconsin Conference
The Upper Wisconsin Conference is a former high school athletic conference with its membership base in the northern part of the state. Founded in 1926 and disbanded in 1937, the conference and its member schools were affiliated with the Wisconsin Interscholastic Athletic Association.

Athletic conference
An athletic conference is a collection of sports teams which play competitively against each other in a sports league. In many cases conferences are subdivided into smaller divisions, with the best teams competing at successively higher levels. Conferences often, but not always, include teams from a common geographic region.
Eli Ginsberg
Eli Ginsberg (Hebrew: אלי גינסברג; c. 1981 – 8 October 2023) was an Israeli lieutenant colonel who commanded the LOTAR special forces counterterrorism unit of the Israeli Defense Forces from 2020 to 2023. Two weeks after his retirement from the military, Ginsberg was killed in action during the October 7 attacks on 8 October. After hearing of the initial incursion by Hamas, Ginsberg drove from Dovrat, the kibbutz in northern Israel where he lived with his wife and four children, to participate in the Battle of Be'eri.

During his IDF career, Ginsberg was an officer in the Israeli Navy's Shayetet 13 special operations unit and was wounded during the 2010 Gaza flotilla raid.

Ginsberg had resided with his family in Dovrat since 2015 and served as the kibbutz's security coordinator.

Israeli Navy
The Israeli Navy (Hebrew: חיל הים הישראלי‎, Ḥeil HaYam HaYisraeli, lit. '[The] Israeli Sea Corps'; Arabic: البحرية الإسرائيلية) is the naval warfare service arm of the Israel Defense Forces, operating primarily in the Mediterranean Sea theater as well as the Gulf of Eilat and the Red Sea theater. The current commander of the Israeli Navy is Rear Admiral David Saar Salama. The Israeli Navy is believed to be responsible for maintaining Israel's offshore nuclear second strike capability.
Hersin-Coupigny
Hersin-Coupigny (French pronunciation: [ɛʁsɛ̃ kupiɲi]; Picard: Hérsin-Coupigny) is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France about 6 miles (9.7 km) west of Lens.

Pas-de-Calais
The Pas-de-Calais (French: [pɑ d(ə) kalɛ] ⓘ, 'strait of Calais'; Picard: Pas-Calés; Dutch: Nauw van Calais) is a department in northern France named after the French designation of the Strait of Dover, which it borders. It has the most communes of all the departments of France, with 887, and is the 8th most populous. It had a population of 1,465,278 in 2019. The Calais Passage connects to the Port of Calais on the English Channel. The Pas-de-Calais borders the departments of Nord and Somme and is connected to the English county of Kent via the Channel Tunnel.