hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Infrared cut-off filter
Infrared cut-off filters, sometimes called IR filters or heat-absorbing filters, are designed to reflect or block near-infrared wavelengths while passing visible light. They are often used in devices with bright incandescent light bulbs (such as slide and overhead projectors) to prevent unwanted heating. There are also filters which are used in solid state (CCD or CMOS) video cameras to block IR due to the high sensitivity of many camera sensors to near-infrared light. These filters typically have a blue hue to them as they also sometimes block some of the light from the longer red wavelengths.

Overhead projector
An overhead projector (often abbreviated to OHP), like a film or slide projector, uses light to project an enlarged image on a screen, allowing the view of a small document or picture to be shared with a large audience.

In the overhead projector, the source of the image is a page-sized sheet of transparent plastic film (also known as "viewfoils", "foils", "acetate" or "transparencies") with the image to be projected either printed or hand-written/drawn. These transparent sheets are placed on the glass platen of the projector, which has a light source below it and a projecting mirror and lens assembly above it (hence, "overhead"). They were widely used in education and business before the advent of video projectors.
1887–88 Eastville Rovers F.C. season
The 1887–88 season was the fifth to be played by the team that are now known as Bristol Rovers, and their fourth playing under the name Eastville Rovers. It marked a major change in the direction of football in Gloucestershire as a County Football Association was established, enabling a formal cup competition to be played in the area for the first time.

Roman Glass St George F.C.
Roman Glass St George Football Club is a football club based in the Bristol suburb of St George, Bristol, England. Founded in 1872, they are the oldest club in Bristol. They are currently members of the Hellenic League Premier Division and play at Oaklands Park, South Gloucestershire. The club is affiliated to the Gloucestershire County FA.
2018 My Bariatric Solutions 300
The 2018 My Bariatric Solutions 300 was the 6th stock car race of the 2018 NASCAR Xfinity Series season, and the 22nd iteration of the event. The race was held on Saturday, April 7, 2018, in Fort Worth, Texas, at Texas Motor Speedway, a 1.5 miles (2.4 km) permanent tri-oval shaped racetrack. The race took the scheduled 200 laps to complete. At race's end, Ryan Blaney of Team Penske would dominate and win his 7th and so far final career NASCAR Xfinity Series win, and his first and only of his part-time season. To fill out the podium, Christopher Bell of Joe Gibbs Racing and Daniel Hemric of Richard Childress Racing would finish second and third, respectively.

Christopher Bell (racing driver)
Christopher David Bell (born December 16, 1994) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He competes full-time in the NASCAR Cup Series, driving the No. 20 Toyota Camry XSE for Joe Gibbs Racing and part-time in the NASCAR O'Reilly Auto Parts Series, driving the No. 19 Toyota GR Supra for JGR. He is the 2017 NASCAR Camping World Truck Series Champion.
The Investigation (play)
The Investigation (1965) is a play by German playwright Peter Weiss that depicts the Frankfurt Auschwitz Trials of 1963–1965. It carries the subtitle "Oratorio in 11 Cantos". Weiss was an observer at the trials and developed the play partially from the reports of Bernd Naumann. The work premiered on October 19, 1965 on stages in fourteen West and East German cities and at the Royal Shakespeare Company in London. In 1966 the production was presented at the Royal Dramatic Theatre in Stockholm which featured sets and costumes designed by Weiss's wife, Gunilla Palmstierna-Weiss, and was directed by Ingmar Bergman.

Royal Dramatic Theatre
The Royal Dramatic Theatre (Swedish: Kungliga Dramatiska Teatern, colloquially Dramaten) is Sweden's national stage for "spoken drama", founded in 1788. Around one thousand shows are put on annually on the theatre's five running stages.

The theatre has been at its present location in the Art Nouveau building at Nybroplan, Stockholm, since 1908. The theatre was built by the architect Fredrik Lilljekvist. Famous artists like Carl Milles and Carl Larsson were involved in making the decorations, and some of the interior decorations were made by Prince Eugen.

The theatre's acting school, the Royal Dramatic Training Academy, produced many actors and directors who would go on to be famous, including Gustaf Molander (who also taught there), Alf Sjöberg, Greta Garbo, Vera Schmiterlöw, Signe Hasso, Ingrid Bergman, Gunnar Björnstrand, Max von Sydow, and Bibi Andersson. The school was split off as a separate institution in 1967 (see Swedish National Academy of Mime and Acting).
Peinado
Peinado is a stratovolcano in Catamarca Province, Argentina. It consists of a volcanic cone with a summit crater, surrounded at its foot by lava flows erupted from flank vents. It began erupting about 100,000 years ago, with the last eruption about 36,800 years ago. Future eruptions are possible.

The volcano is part of the Andean Central Volcanic Zone and located within a cluster of calderas and large volcanoes, including the Laguna Amarga caldera just west of Peinado. The climate of the region is cold and dry, but may have been moister in the recent past. North of Peinado lies the salt lake Laguna Peinado.

Volcanic cone
Volcanic cones are among the simplest volcanic landforms. They are built by ejecta from a volcanic vent, piling up around the vent in the shape of a cone with a central crater. Volcanic cones are of different types, depending upon the nature and size of the fragments ejected during the eruption. Types of volcanic cones include stratocones, spatter cones, tuff cones, and cinder cones.
Sketch (music)
In music, a sketch is an informal document prepared by a composer to assist in the process of composition.

Sketches may range greatly in scope and detail, from the smallest snippets to full drafts; concerning Ludwig van Beethoven's sketchbooks, for instance, Dean writes that they "include every imaginable state between unaccompanied melodic motifs of a few notes to thoroughly worked-out full scores; even his fair copies of essentially 'finished' works show the signs of continuing composition."

Whether a composer's sketches survive past their lifetime depends on the composer's own practice and partly on posterity. Some composers habitually discarded their sketches when a composition was completed (for instance, Johannes Brahms), while others kept their sketches; sometimes in great numbers, as in the case of Beethoven. Mozart kept a great many sketches, but some were given away to friends as keepsakes following his death, and lost.

Bärenreiter
Bärenreiter (Bärenreiter-Verlag) is a German classical music publishing house based in Kassel.  The firm was founded by Karl Vötterle (1903–1975) in Augsburg in 1923, and moved to Kassel in 1927, where it still has its headquarters; it also has offices in Basel, London, New York and Prague. The company is currently managed by Barbara Scheuch-Vötterle, Leonhard Scheuch and Clemens Scheuch.

Since 1951, Bärenreiter has expanded its production through acquisitions and the creation of subsidiaries. From this time, the company's focus has been on the New Complete Editions series for various composers. These are urtext editions, and cover the entire work of the selected composer.  Series include: J. S. Bach (the Neue Bach-Ausgabe, a joint project with the Deutscher Verlag für Musik), Berlioz, Fauré, Gluck, Handel, Janáček, Mozart (Neue Mozart-Ausgabe), Rossini, Saint-Saëns, Schubert (New Schubert Edition), Telemann and others.
Matti Koivunen
Paavo Matias (Matti) Koivunen (12 January 1919 – 28 July 1997) was a Finnish construction worker and politician, born in Ruovesi. Koivunen was a member of the Communist Party of Finland (SKP). He was a member of the Parliament of Finland from 1951 to 1972, representing the Finnish People's Democratic League (SKDL). He served as Minister of Social Affairs from 27 May 1966 to 22 March 1968. He was a presidential elector in the 1956, 1962 and 1968 presidential elections.

Ruovesi
Ruovesi is a municipality in the Pirkanmaa region of Finland. The municipality has a population of 4,023 (31 March 2025) and covers an area of 950.16 square kilometres (366.86 sq mi) of which 173.97 km2 (67.17 sq mi) is water. The population density is 5.18 inhabitants per square kilometre (13.4/sq mi).

Neighbouring municipalities are Juupajoki, Mänttä-Vilppula, Orivesi, Tampere, Virrat and Ylöjärvi.

The municipality is unilingually Finnish.

Helvetinjärvi National Park is located in Ruovesi. The biggest lake in the area of the municipality, Lake Ruovesi, is a part of the Kokemäki River basin. 
The educational department takes part in Lifelong Learning Programme 2007–2013 in Finland.

Helvetinjärvi National Park

Ruovesi Church

Birches near Ruovesi
Megan Imrie
Megan Imrie (born 14 February 1986) is a Canadian former biathlete who is also active in rodeo and long-distance running. She competed for Canada at the 2010 Winter Olympics and the 2014 Winter Olympics.

Along with Canadian biathletes Zina Kocher, Sandra Keith, Rosanna Crawford, and Megan Tandy, she posed for the Bold Beautiful Biathlon calendar to raise money to cover annual expenses for training and competition.

Imrie retired from the sport at the end of the 2013–14 season.

2013–14 Biathlon World Cup
The 2013–14 Biathlon World Cup was a multi-race tournament over a season of biathlon, organised by the International Biathlon Union. The season started on 24 November 2013 in Östersund, Sweden, and ended on 23 March 2014 in Holmenkollen, Norway.

Kaisa Mäkäräinen was the winner at the conclusion of the season with Tora Berger 2nd. However, the results of Olga Zaitseva were later annulled due do doping offences. The recalculation would have given overall world cup win to Berger, but the IBU made the decision based on the principle that clean athletes cannot be punished for the doping offenses of others. So, two first places were awarded in the women's overall.
Oliver Korn
Oliver Korn (born 10 June 1984, in Düsseldorf) is a field hockey player from Germany. He was a member of the Men's National Team that won the gold medal at the 2008 Summer Olympics and 2012 Summer Olympics.

Field hockey at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament
The men's field hockey tournament at the 2012 Summer Olympics was the 22nd edition of the field hockey event for men at the Summer Olympic Games. It was held over a thirteen-day period beginning on 30 July, and culminating with the medal finals on 11 August. All games were played at the Riverbank Arena within the Olympic Park in London, United Kingdom.

Defending champions Germany won the gold medal for the fourth time after defeating the Netherlands 2–1 in the final. Australia won the bronze medal by defeating Great Britain 3–1.
Mattim Birta
Mattim Birta is a town and Village Development Committee  in Khotang District in the Sagarmatha Zone of eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 5,021 persons residing in 899 individual households.

Khotang District
Khotang District (Nepali: खोटाङ जिल्लाListenⓘ) is one of 14 districts of Koshi Province of eastern Nepal. The district, with Diktel as its district headquarters, covers an area of 1,591 km2 (614 sq mi) and has a population (2021) of 206,312. The district is bordered by Bhojpur District in the east, Udayapur District in the south, Okhaldhunga District in the west and Solukhumbu District in the North. In this district there are two municipalities and eight rural/urban municipalities.
Nishi-ku, Fukuoka
Nishi-ku (西区) is one of the seven wards of Fukuoka City, Japan. Meaning literally "west ward," it is bordered to the east by Sawara-ku, and to the west by Itoshima. As of 2003, it has a population of 173,813 people and an area of 83.81 km2. As of 2016, its population had increased to 206,000 people. It has recently gained additional infrastructure in the form of the Nanakuma Line, in addition to the Fukuoka City Subway and the Chikuhi Line.

At the time of Fukuoka City's official designation as a City in 1972, Nishi-ku covered a larger area than it does today. On May 1, 1982, Nishi-ku was subdivided into the three smaller wards of Nishi-ku, Sawara-ku and Jōnan-ku.

Fukuoka City Subway
The Fukuoka City Subway (福岡市地下鉄, Fukuoka-shi Chikatetsu) is a subway system that serves Fukuoka, Japan.

The lines are operated by the Fukuoka City Transportation Bureau (福岡市交通局, Fukuoka-shi Kōtsūkyoku). Unlike most other public operators in Japan, the company only operates subways without any bus lines.

All stations are equipped with automatic platform gates. All lines are automatically operated by ATO system, although drivers are used as a precaution. The lines introduced Hayakaken, a smart card system from March 2009. This superseded the prepaid magnetic card systems.
Alexander Afanasyev
Alexander Nikolayevich Afanasyev (Russian: Александр Николаевич Афанасьев; 23 July [O.S. 11 July] 1826 – 5 October [O.S. 23 September] 1871) was a Russian Slavist and ethnographer best known for publishing nearly 600 East Slavic and Russian fairy and folk tales, one of the largest collections of folklore in the world. This collection was not restricted to Great Russia, but included folk tales from what are now Ukraine and Belarus as well.  The first edition of his collection was published in eight volumes from 1855 to 1867, earning him the reputation of being the Russian counterpart to the Brothers Grimm.

East Slavs
The East Slavs are a subgroup of the Slavs who speak East Slavic languages and inhabit Eastern Europe. They formed the majority of the population of the medieval state Kievan Rus', which they consider their cultural ancestor. Belarusians, Russians and Ukrainians are the existing East Slavic groups. Rusyns and Don Cossacks are sometimes considered a separate nation, though they are often considered a subgroup of Ukrainians and Russians.
Janet Matthews
Janet Matthews is an Australian artist, known for her works in pencil and crayon, depicting Australia's wildlife. She has been the Wildlife Art Society of Australia's "Wildlife Artist of the Year" on three occasions, in 2011, 2013, and 2017.

In April 2014, she won a Focus on Nature Jury Award at the New York State Museum.

She created artwork for Australia Post, for their Australian Antarctic Territories series postage stamps (two×50c and two×$1.00), depicting fishes of the Australian Antarctic Territory, released on 1 August 2006, and of insects, for gutter decoration for 28 July 2009 "Micro Monsters" series.

Australian Antarctic Territory
The Australian Antarctic Territory (AAT) is a part of East Antarctica claimed by Australia as an external territory. It is administered by the Australian Antarctic Division, an agency of the federal Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water.  It is the largest sector of Antarctica by area claimed by any country. Australia is an original signatory to the Antarctic Treaty of 1959, under which all territorial claims are held in abeyance. Only four other countries accept Australia's claim to sovereignty, being New Zealand, the United Kingdom, France, and Norway, all of which have territorial claims in Antarctica and mutually accept one another's claims.
Satsanga Deoghar disaster
The Satsang Deoghar disaster is a human stampede that occurred on 24 September 2012, in which twelve people died and thirty people were injured at the Satsang Ashram in Deoghar, Jharkhand.

The tragedy occurred when over 200,000 devotees assembled in the satsang complex in the prayer hall at the samadhi of Anukulchandra Chakravartyto celebrate the 125th anniversary of the ashram.

Anukulchandra Chakravarty
Yug Purushottama Sri Sri Thakur Anukulchandra (14 September 1888 – 27 January 1969), popularly known as Sree Sree Thakur, was an Indian homeopathic physician and spiritual guru and the founder of Satsang, in Deoghar, Jharkhand. He was born in a Brahmin family.
Tiny Broken Heart
Tiny Broken Heart is a song written by Charlie Louvin and Ira Louvin. Writing credit is shared by the musician, 'Smilin' Eddie Hill' who brought the song (among others) to Fred Rose and added his own name as coauthor. The Louvin Brothers recorded it in 1956 for their first album, Tragic Songs of Life.

The song tells the story of a young farm boy's love for the daughter of a neighboring farm worker.  It is written from the unusual perspective of the seven-year-old protagonist.

Ira Louvin
Ira Lonnie Loudermilk (April 21, 1924 – June 20, 1965), known professionally as Ira Louvin, was an American country music singer, mandolinist and songwriter. He was a cousin of songwriter John D. Loudermilk.
Dokuchayevsky
Dokuchayevsky (Russian: Докучаевский) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Voznesenskoye Rural Settlement, Talovsky District, Voronezh Oblast, Russia. The population was 342 as of 2010. There are 2 streets.

Talovsky District
Talovsky District  (Russian: Та́ловский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-two in Voronezh Oblast, Russia. It is located in the northeastern central part of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,910 square kilometers (740 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a work settlement) of Talovaya. Population: 35,173 (2021 Census); 42,603 (2010 Census); 47,221 (2002 Census); 51,278 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Talovaya accounts for 31.7% of the district's total population.

The Russian Federal Nature Preserve Kamennaya Steppe is located in Talovsky District.
Īrṣyā
Īrṣyā (Sanskrit; Pali: issā; Tibetan: phrag dog) is a Sanskrit or Buddhist term that is translated as "jealousy" or "envy". It is defined as a state of mind in which one is highly agitated to obtain wealth and honor for oneself, but unable to bear the excellence of others.

Irshya is identified as:

One of the fourteen unwholesome mental factors within the Theravada Abhidharma teachings

Belonging to the category of dosa within the Theravada tradition

One of the ten fetters in the Theravada tradition (according to the Dhammasangani)

One of the twenty subsidiary unwholesome mental factors  within the Mahayana Abhidharma teachings

One of the five poisons within the Mahayana tradition

Belonging to the category of anger (Sanskrit: pratigha) within the Mahayana tradition

Dhammasaṅgaṇī
The Dhammasaṅgaṇī (Pāli; lit. 'Collection of Dhammas'; Vietnamese: Bộ Pháp Tụ), also known as the Dhammasaṅgaha, is a Buddhist scripture, part of the Pali Canon of Theravada Buddhism. It is the first of the seven texts of the Abhidhamma Pitaka.

The book begins with a matika (Pali for "matrix"), which is a list of classifications of dhammas, variously translated as ideas, phenomena, states, patterns etc. The text lacks a nidana, though the commentaries record that attempts were made at creating one that depicted the Buddha preaching the Abhidhamma in one of the heavenly realms. Theravada tradition attributes the Dhammasaṅgaṇī to Sariputra, who is held to have recited the Abhidhamma as part of the sutta texts at the First Buddhist Council, and regards it as one of the canonical teachings that Mahinda brought to Sri Lanka from the empire of Asoka. Its title is abbreviated 'Dhs' in Pāli scholarship.
Russian Orthodox University
Russian Orthodox University of Saint John the Theologian (ROU; Russian: Российский православный университет святого Иоанна Богослова) is an institution of higher religious education of the Russian Orthodox Church, reestablished in 2011 in accordance with the decree of Patriarch of Moscow and all Rus' Kirill I of Moscow at the base of Russian Orthodox Institute of St. John the Divine which were founded in 1992 by the Patriarch of Moscow and all Rus' Alexy II of Moscow. Rector of the University — Hegumen Peter (Yeremeev). University has a state educational license and accreditation.

The university was located on the territory of the temple complex in the name of St. John the Evangelist at the Elm - patriarchal Metochion in Kitay-gorod (on New Square), Moscow. Nowadays RPU is located in Chernyshevsky lane.

Patriarch of Moscow and all Rus'
The Patriarch of Moscow and all Rus' (Russian: Патриарх Московский и всея Руси, romanized: Patriarkh Moskovskiy i vseya Rusi), also known as the Patriarch of Moscow and all Russia, is the title of the primate of the Russian Orthodox Church (ROC). It is often preceded by the honorific "His Holiness". As the ordinary of the diocese of Moscow, the office holder's direct canonical remit extends only to Moscow; however, as the patriarch, the office holder has a number of church-wide administrative powers as laid down by the charter of the ROC.

The patriarchate was established in 1589 when the status of the Russian metropolitan was elevated, with Job becoming the first patriarch. The patriarchate was abolished in 1721 by Peter the Great and replaced with the Most Holy Synod as the supreme governing body of the ROC, before being restored on 10 November [O.S. 28 October] 1917, by decision of the All-Russian Local Council. The current patriarch is Kirill, who acceded to the position in 2009.
Semyonovsky Fortress
Semenovskaya Fortress (Russian: Семёновская крепость) is a fortification that existed at the end of the 17th and in the early 18th century at the mouth of the river Mius of Rostov region, on the southern outskirts of the village of Beglitz.

Mius
The Mius (Ukrainian: Міус; Russian: Миус) is a river in Eastern Europe that flows through Ukraine and Russia. It is 258 kilometres (160 mi) long, and has a drainage basin of 6,680 square kilometres (2,580 sq mi).
Goutam Deb
Goutam Deb (born 6 January 1957) is an Indian Politician currently serving as the Mayor of Siliguri Municipal Corporation in West Bengal. He was the 
Minister of Department of Tourism of West Bengal from 2016 to 2021. He also served as the Minister of North Bengal Development, a newly formed department in 2011 by Mamata Banerjee. He was a MLA from Dabgram-Phulbari assembly constituency two times. He is also serving as an Observer of Jalpaiguri District Trinamool Congress Committee.

Trinamool Congress
The Trinamool Congress (TMC; transl. Grassroots Congress), officially All India Trinamool Congress, is an Indian political party that is mainly influential in the state of West Bengal. It was founded by Mamata Banerjee on 1 January 1998 as a breakaway faction of the Indian National Congress and rapidly rose to prominence in the politics of West Bengal under her leadership. Presently, it is ruling the state of West Bengal beside being the third-largest party in India in terms of number of MPs just after the Bharatiya Janata Party and National Congress.

The party won a historic victory in the 2011 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election by ending the 34-year-long Left Front rule, world's longest democratically elected communist government. It has won a three-time majority in the West Bengal Legislative Assembly and has been the ruling party in West Bengal since 20 May 2011. AITC is led by Mamata Banerjee as the chairperson of the party.