hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Beyond the Witch Trials
Beyond the Witch Trials: Witchcraft and Magic in Enlightenment Europe is an edited volume edited by the historians Owen Davies and Willem de Blécourt. It was first published by Manchester University Press in 2004. It consists of ten essays on the continued practice of magic and the belief in witchcraft in Europe during the European Enlightenment after the end of the witch trials in the early modern period. It was accompanied by Witchcraft Continued: Popular Magic in Modern Europe, dealing with the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, also published by Manchester University Press in 2004.

Witch trials in the early modern period
In the early modern period, from about 1400 to 1775, about 100,000 people were prosecuted for witchcraft in Europe and  British America. Between 40,000 and 60,000 were executed, almost all in Europe. The witch hunts were particularly severe in parts of the Holy Roman Empire. Prosecutions for witchcraft reached a high point from 1560 to 1630, during the Counter-Reformation and the European wars of religion. Among the lower classes, accusations of witchcraft were usually made by neighbors, and women and men made formal accusations of witchcraft. Magical healers or 'cunning folk' were sometimes prosecuted for witchcraft, but seem to have made up a minority of the accused. Roughly 80% of those convicted were women, most of them over the age of 40. In some regions, convicted witches were burnt at the stake, the traditional punishment for religious heresy.
Mariano Yenko
Colonel Mariano Quijano Yenko Jr. was the second commissioner of the Philippine Basketball Association. He served as the Defense Assistant Executive Secretary under Executive Secretary Fred Ruiz Castro and Philippine President Ramon Magsaysay, and Undersecretary under Carlos P. Garcia, and as Philippine Airlines' Vice-President Corporate Secretary. The Ateneo de Manila University's Audio-Visual Room at the Moro Lorenzo Sports Complex was named after him. His son Ignatius Yenko served as PBA's Chairman and as PLDT's First Vice President.

Ateneo de Manila University
The Ateneo de Manila University (Filipino: Pamantasang Ateneo de Manila; Spanish: Universidad Ateneo de Manila), commonly referred to as the Ateneo de Manila or the Ateneo, is a private Catholic research university in Quezon City, Philippines. Established in 1859 by the Jesuits, it is among the oldest Jesuit-administered institutions of higher education in the Asia-Pacific.

The university offers primary and secondary education, as well as undergraduate and graduate programs in the humanities, social sciences, natural sciences, engineering, and business. The university provides professional degrees through the Graduate School of Business, the School of Government, the School of Medicine and Public Health, and the Ateneo Law School. It follows a Jesuit tradition of liberal arts education, emphasizing the humanities at all educational levels.
Morton Livingston Schamberg
Morton Livingston Schamberg (October 15, 1881 – October 13, 1918) was an American modernist painter and photographer.  He was one of the first American artists to explore the aesthetic qualities of industrial subjects. Schamberg is considered a pioneer of the Precisionism art movement, and one of the first American adopters of Cubist style.

Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts
The Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts (PAFA) is a museum and private art school in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Founded in 1805, it is the longest continuously operating art museum and art school in the United States.

The academy's museum is internationally known for its collections of 19th- and 20th-century American paintings, sculptures, and works on paper. Its archives house important materials for the study of American art history, museums, and art training. It offers a Bachelor of Fine Arts, Master of Fine Arts, certificate programs, and continuing education. Beginning in 2025, the academy will cease offering degrees except bachelor's degrees in conjunction with the University of Pennsylvania.
PSLV-C48
PSLV-C48 was a mission of the Indian Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) rocket, launched on Thursday, December 11, 2019, at 15:25 Hrs (IST) by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) from the second launch pad of the Satish Dhawan Space Centre at Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh.

The mission's main satellite was RISAT-2BR1 along with other commercial satellites from various countries. RISAT-2BR1 was injected into an orbit of 576 km at an inclination of 37-degree to the equator, 16 minutes and 23 seconds after lift-off.

Sriharikota
Sriharikota (Telugu: [ʃriːhɐɾikoːʈɐ]) is a barrier island off the Bay of Bengal coast located in the Shar Project settlement of Tirupati district in Andhra Pradesh, India. It houses the Satish Dhawan Space Centre, one of the two satellite launch centres in India (the other being SSLV Launch Complex, Kulasekarapattinam). ISRO launches satellites using multistage rockets such as the PSLV and the GSLV from the island. Sriharikota was selected by ISRO because of its proximity to the equator, it gives extra centripetal force from the rotation of Earth.
Wukari
WukariListenⓘ  is a Local Government Area in Taraba State, Nigeria. Its headquarters is in the town of Wukari on the A4 highway. The Donga River flows through the area and the Benue River forms a boundary with Nasarawa State to the northwest. It has an area of 4,308 km2 and a population of 241,546 at the 2006 census. The postal code of the area is 670.

There are 10 Wards in WUKARI local government area namely: AKWANA, AVYI,  BANTAJE, CHONKU, HOSPITAL, JIBU, KENTE, PUJE, RAFIN KADA, TSOKUNDI

Donga River
The Donga River is a river in Nigeria and Cameroon. The river, which arises from the Mambilla Plateau in Eastern Nigeria, forms part of the international border between Nigeria and Cameroon, and flows northwest to eventually merge with the Benue River in Nigeria.
The Donga watershed is 20,000 square kilometres (7,700 sq mi) in area.
At its peak, near the Benue the river delivers 1,800 cubic metres (64,000 cu ft) of water per second.

In Taraba State, Nigeria, there are three forest reserves, Baissa, Amboi and Bissaula River, in the Donga river basin. They lie on the slopes and at the foot of the Mambilla Plateau, south-west of Gashaka Gumti National Park.
Maurizio Sacconi
Maurizio Sacconi (Conegliano, 13 July 1950) is an Italian politician from Veneto.
A long-time member of the Italian Socialist Party, from 1979 to 1994 he was a member of the Italian Chamber of Deputies and from 1987 to 1994 he served also as Under-Secretary of the Treasury. Between 1981 and 1984 he was the first president of Legambiente, the largest environmentalist association in Italy. From 1995 to 2001 he was branch office director of the International Labour Organization.

In 2001 Sacconi joined Forza Italia and was appointed Under-Secretary of Labour in Silvio Berlusconi's governments. After five years in office as deputy of Minister Roberto Maroni, he was elected senator in 2006 and re-elected in 2008.

He served as Minister of Labour and Social Security in Berlusconi IV Cabinet (2009–2011).

Fourth Berlusconi government
The fourth Berlusconi government was the 60th government of Italy, in office from 8 May 2008 to 16 November 2011. It was the fourth government led by Silvio Berlusconi, who then became the longest-serving Prime Minister of Italy of the Italian Republic (3340 days in office). The government was supported by a coalition between The People of Freedom (PdL) and the Northern League (LN), together with other smaller centre-right parties.

At its formation, the government included 22 ministers and 39 under-secretaries, for a total of 61 members. At the end of its term the cabinet was composed of 24 ministers, 4 deputy ministers and 39 under-secretaries, for a total of 67 members. With 1287 days of tenure, it was second in longevity only to Berlusconi's second government (1409 days from 2001 to 2005) in the history of the Italian Republic.
Now That's What I Call Music! 22 (American series)
Now That's What I Call Music! 22 is the 22nd edition of the (U.S.) Now! series. It was released on July 11, 2006. It debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 and is the ninth number-one album in the series. The album has been certified Platinum.

Now! 22 features five Billboard Hot 100 number-one hits: "SOS", "Temperature", "Ridin'", "Check on It" and "Bad Day".

Ridin'
"Ridin" is a song by American rapper Chamillionaire featuring fellow American rapper Krayzie Bone of Bone Thugs-n-Harmony, released on November 12, 2005, as the second single from his debut studio album The Sound of Revenge (2005). Produced by hip hop producers Play-N-Skillz, the song's lyrics discuss racial profiling and police brutality, in addition to the stereotyping of African Americans driving a vehicle with drugs and other contraband on the inside (riding dirty).
Minority discount
Minority discount is an economic concept reflecting the notion that a partial ownership interest may be worth less than its proportional share of the total business. The concept applies to equities with voting power because the size of voting position provides additional benefits or drawbacks. For example, ownership of a 51% share in the business is usually worth more than 51% of its equity value—this phenomenon is called the premium for control. Conversely, ownership of a 30% share in the business may be worth less than 30% of its equity value. This is so because this minority ownership limits the scope of control over critical aspects of the business. Share prices of public companies usually reflect the minority discount. This is why take-private transactions involve a substantial premium over recently quoted prices.

Equity value
Equity value is the value of a company available to owners or shareholders. It is the enterprise value plus all cash and cash equivalents, short and long-term investments, and less all short-term debt, long-term debt and minority interests.

Equity value accounts for all the ownership interest in a firm including the value of unexercised stock options and securities convertible to equity.

From a mergers and acquisitions to  an academic perspective, equity value differs from market capitalization or market value in that it incorporates all equity interests in a firm whereas market capitalization or market value only reflects those common shares currently outstanding.
2026 LCP season
The 2026 LCP season is the ongoing second season of the League of Legends Championship Pacific (LCP), an Asia-Pacific esports league for the video game League of Legends by developer Riot Games and tournament organizer Carry International. It will consist of eight teams participating in three splits, with each split qualifying teams to three international tournaments. The season began on 16 January.

Vietnam Championship Series
The Vietnam Championship Series (VCS) is a professional League of Legends esports league run by Riot Games and VNG Games, a subsidiary of VNG Corporation since 2022 after Garena stopped publishing League of Legends and its major competitions in Vietnam. From 2013 to 2017, the VCS was a tier below Garena Premier League (GPL). In 2018, the VCS broke away from the GPL and became a separate tier one league. In 2025, the VCS returned to being a tier two league, sitting below the newly created League of Legends Championship Pacific (LCP). The Vietnamese teams had the opportunity to participate directly in international events of League of Legends organized by Riot Games before then.
Beating My Heart
"Beating My Heart" is a song by American singer and songwriter Jon McLaughlin. It was released on June 17, 2008, through The Island Def Jam Music Group as the lead and only single from his sophomore album, OK Now (2008).

The Island Def Jam Music Group
The Island Def Jam Music Group (Island Def Jam) (IDJMG) was an American record label group formed on December 31, 1998, by Universal Music Group. Prior to 2014, Island Def Jam included labels originally established under the umbrellas of Island Records and Def Jam Recordings. On April 1, 2014, Universal Music Group publicly announced the dissolution of the Def Jam Group, leaving IDJMG and its affiliated subsidiaries as separate sister labels.

In 2024, Universal Music Group restructured its East Coast labels, including Def Jam Recordings, Island Records, Mercury Records, and Republic Records, under a central operational hub named Republic Corps.
Pula (surname)
Pula is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Gazmend Pula, Kosovar-Albanian intellectual, human rights campaigner, and is Kosovar ambassador to Albania

James S. Pula (born 1946), award-winning Polish-American historian, professor, author, and Polonia activist

Robert P. Pula (1929–2004), director emeritus of the Institute of General Semantics, author, and composer

Gazmend Pula
Gazmend Pula (born in Pristina, Kosovo) is a Kosovar-Albanian intellectual, human rights campaigner, and is Kosovar ambassador to Albania. He is the founder of the Kosovo Helsinki Committee for Human Rights based in Pristina, and has been active in the struggle for the advancement of political and civil liberties in Kosovo, for which he was awarded the US and EU Democracy and Civil Society Award in 1998. In addition to his civic and political engagements, he holds a PhD in Electrical Engineering, and is the author of two books on electrical engineering. Prior to being appointed ambassador by the President of Kosovo, he held the title of associate professor in the University of Pristina, Cathedra for Production and Transmission of Electrical Energy.

He is married and is the father of two children.
Waimairi Beach
Waimairi Beach is a suburb of Christchurch, New Zealand. It is located north-east of the city. It is east of Parklands and north of North New Brighton. The word "waimairi" translates to "listless stream".

One of the main roads through the suburb is Aston Drive. This was originally Vogel Street, named after Prime Minister Julius Vogel (1835–1899) and renamed to Aston Street in 1848 after local landowner Sidney John Aston (1886–1946) and then to Aston Drive in 1995.

The area was part of Waimairi County until 1982, when the county was renamed to Waimairi District. The district was amalgamated into the Christchurch City Council in 1989 as part of the 1989 New Zealand local government reforms.

1989 New Zealand local government reforms
The 1989 New Zealand local government reform was the most significant reform of local government in New Zealand in over a century. Some 850 local bodies were amalgamated into 86 local authorities, on regional and territorial levels. The new authorities were established on 1 November, following the election of members on 14 October 1989.
Task Force Harrier
Task Force Harrier is a 1989 vertical scrolling shooter video game developed by NMK and published by UPL for arcades. It was released in Japan in October 1989 and in North America by Sammy in November 1989. It was ported to the Sega Genesis by Jorudan and Treco as Task Force Harrier EX in 1991. Hamster Corporation released the game as part of their Arcade Archives series for the Nintendo Switch and PlayStation 4 in May 2021.

Hamster Corporation
Hamster Corporation (株式会社ハムスター, Kabushiki-gaisha Hamusutā) is a Japanese video game publisher, with office located in Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan. It was formed in November 1999 as a spin off of Toshiba-EMI Limited's gaming division.

On the Japanese PlayStation Store, more than 380 titles are distributed under the Arcade Archives brand, and 108 under the ACA Neo Geo brand.
DHPS
Deoxyhypusine synthase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the DHPS gene.

The unusual amino acid hypusine is formed posttranslationally and is only found in a single cellular protein, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (EIF5A, EIF5A2). In the first step of hypusine biosynthesis, deoxyhypusine synthase catalyzes the NAD-dependent transfer of the butylamine moiety of spermidine to the epsilon-amino group of a specific lysine residue of the EIF5A precursor protein to form the intermediate deoxyhypusine residue. This gene consists of nine exons spanning 6.6 kb. Three transcript variants have been isolated. However, only transcript variant 1 encodes an active protein. The shorter variants may act as modulating factors of DHPS activity.

EIF5A
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EIF5A gene.

It is the only known protein to contain the unusual amino acid hypusine [Nε-(4-amino-2-hydroxybutyl)-lysine], which is synthesized on eIF5A at a specific lysine residue from the polyamine spermidine by two catalytic steps.

EF-P is the bacterial homolog of eIF5A, which is modified post-translationally in a similar but distinct way. Both proteins are believed to catalyze peptide bond formation and help resolve ribosomal stalls, making them elongation factors despite the "initiation factor" name originally assigned.
Aleksandr Selikhov
Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Selikhov (Russian: Александр Александрович Селихов; born 7 April 1994) is a Russian football player who plays as a goalkeeper for Ural Yekaterinburg and the Russian national football team.

Russian Super Cup
The Russian Super Cup (Russian: Суперкубок России) is a one-match football annual competition. Its official sponsored name is OLIMPBET Russian Supercup (Russian: ОЛИМПБЕТ Суперкубок России). The two participating clubs are the Russian Premier League champions and the Russian Cup winners. If the Premier League and the Cup are won by the same team, then the other participant is the league runners-up. The match is played at the beginning of the season, typically in July.

The trophy has been contested since 2003.
Snodland
Snodland is a town in the borough of Tonbridge and Malling in Kent, England. It lies on the River Medway, between Rochester and Maidstone, and 34 miles (55 km) from central London. At the 2011 Census, it had a population of 10,211.

South East Water
South East Water is a British water utility providing drinking water services households across Kent, Sussex, Surrey, Hampshire and Berkshire. South East Water is a private limited company registered in England and Wales owned by parent company, HDF (UK) Holdings Limited. The company's shareholders are Utilities Trust of Australia, which owns 50 per cent, as well as the NatWest pension fund and Desjardins, both of which have a 25 per cent stake each.

According to the company, it supplies on average 521 million litres of drinking water per day and operates 83 water treatment works and 14,500 kilometres of its water mains across an area of 5,657 square kilometres. The company takes water from rivers, reservoirs at Ardingly and Arlington, and underground sources (aquifers) under abstraction licences issued by the Environment Agency.
Nyankapon-Nyame-Odomankoma
Onyame, Nyankopɔn (Onyankopɔng) or Ɔdomankoma is the supreme god of the Akan people of Ghana, who is most commonly known as Nyame. The name means "The one who knows and sees everything", and "omniscient, omnipotent sky deity" in the Akan language.

Omnipotence
Omnipotence is the property of possessing maximal power. Monotheistic religions generally attribute omnipotence only to the deity of their faith. In the monotheistic religious philosophy of Abrahamic religions, omnipotence is often listed as one of God's characteristics, along with omniscience, omnipresence, and omnibenevolence.
74 Galatea
74 Galatea is a large C-type main-belt asteroid. Its carbonaceous surface is very dark in color with an albedo of just 0.034. Galatea was found by the prolific comet discoverer Ernst Tempel on August 29, 1862, in Marseille, France. It was his third asteroid discovery. It is named after one of the two Galateas in Greek mythology. A stellar occultation by Galatea was observed on September 8, 1987. The name Galatea has also been given to one of Neptune's satellites.

Photometric observations of this asteroid made during 2008 at the Organ Mesa Observatory in Las Cruces, New Mexico gave a light curve with a period of 17.270 ± 0.002 hours and a brightness variation of 0.08 ± 0.01 in magnitude. The curve displays four minima and four maxima. The spectra of the asteroid does not display evidence of aqueous alteration.

Galatea (moon)
Galatea /ɡæləˈtiːə/, also known as Neptune VI, is the fourth-closest inner moon of Neptune, and fifth-largest moon of Neptune. It is named after Galatea, one of the fifty Nereids of Greek legend, with whom Cyclops Polyphemus was vainly in love.
Roe–Parker House
The Roe–Parker House is a historic house in Hood River, Oregon, United States.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988. It was relocated from its original site adjacent to the Hood River Library in 2002, to make way for expansion of the library building. It was removed from the National Register in 2018.

Hood River, Oregon
Hood River is a city in and the county seat of Hood River County, Oregon, United States. It is a port on the Columbia River, and is named for the nearby Hood River. As of the 2020 census, the city population was 8,313. It is the only city in Oregon where public consumption of alcohol on sidewalks or parks is completely unrestricted.
Ivan Demchenko
Ivan Ivanovich Demchenko (Russian: Иван Иванович Демченко; born 27 September 1960, stanitsa Arkhonskaya, Prigorodny District, North Ossetia–Alania) is a Russian political figure and a deputy of the 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th State Dumas.

Demchenko started his political career in 2002 when he was elected as a deputy of the Legislative Assembly of Krasnodar Krai from the Abinsky District. In 2006–2007, he headed the Abinsk Electric Steel Works. In 2007, he was elected deputy of the 5th State Duma from the Krasnodar krai constituency. In 2011, 2016 and 2021, he was re-elected as a deputy of the 6th, 7th State Duma and 8th State Dumas respectively.

Ivan Demchenko is awarded the medal of the "Order for Merit to the Fatherland", II degree (2013). He has the gratitude of the Government of the Russian Federation (2019). He has medals "For outstanding contribution to the development of Kuban" of III and I degrees (2008; 2010), "Hero of Labor of Kuban" (2014), "For the return of Crimea" (2014).

Stanitsa
A stanitsa or stanitza (/stəˈniːtsə/ stə-NEET-sə; Russian: станица [stɐˈnʲitsə] ⓘ), also spelled stanytsia (Ukrainian: станиця [stɐˈnɪtsʲɐ]) or stanitsa (Belarusian: станіца [staˈnʲitsa]), was a historical administrative unit of a Cossack host, a type of Cossack polity that existed in the Russian Empire.
William Sumrall
William Howard Sumrall (December 4, 1916 – October 29, 1964), alternately spelled "Summerall" and nicknamed "Big Train", was an American Negro league pitcher between 1938 and 1940.

A native of Deering, Missouri, Sumrall played for the New York Black Yankees in 1938, and went on to play for the Memphis Red Sox in 1940. Sumrall died in Gary, Indiana in 1964 at age 47.

Memphis Red Sox
The Memphis Red Sox were an American Negro league baseball team that was active from 1920 to 1959. Originally named the Barber College Baseball Club, the team was initially owned and operated by Arthur P. Martin, a local Memphis barber. In the late 1920s the Martin brothers, all three Memphis doctors and businessmen, purchased the Red Sox. J. B. Martin, W. S. Martin, and B. B. Martin, would retain control of the club till its dissolution in 1959. The Red Sox played as members, at various times, of the Negro Southern League, Negro National League, and Negro American League. The team was never a titan of the Negro leagues like wealthier teams in northern cities of the United States, but sound management led to a continuous thirty-nine years of operation, a span that was exceeded by very few other teams. Following integration the team had five players that would eventually make the rosters of Major League Baseball teams and two players that were inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame.