hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Elaeus (Caria)
Elaeus was a town on the coast of Sinus Doridis (the "Gulf of Doris"), in ancient Doris in Asia Minor noted by Pliny the Elder; its location was later in Caria, and now in modern Turkey. An attempt has been made among scholars to ascertain which of two bays Pliny calls the Gulf of Doris, the more probable being the Ceramic Gulf.

Caria
Caria (/ˈkɛəriə/; from Greek: Καρία, Karia; Turkish: Karya) was a region of western Anatolia extending along the coast from mid-Ionia (Mycale) south to Lycia and east to Phrygia. The Carians were described by Herodotus as being Anatolian mainlanders and they called themselves Caria because of the name of their king. He reports the Carians themselves maintained that they were Anatolian mainlanders intensely engaged in seafaring and were akin to the Mysians and the Lydians. The Carians spoke Carian, a native Anatolian language closely related to Luwian. Also closely associated with the Carians were the Leleges, which could be an earlier name for Carians.
Mass–luminosity relation
In astrophysics, the mass–luminosity relation is an empirical and theoretical relationship between a star's mass and its luminosity The relationship is represented by the equation:

where L⊙ and M⊙ are the luminosity and mass of the Sun and 1 < a < 6. The value a = 3.5 is commonly used for main-sequence stars. This equation and the usual value of a = 3.5 only applies to main-sequence stars with masses 2M⊙ < M < 55M⊙ and does not apply to red giants or white dwarfs.  As a star approaches the Eddington luminosity then a = 1.

Radiative zone
A radiative zone is a layer of a star's interior where energy is primarily transported toward the exterior by means of radiative diffusion and thermal conduction, rather than by convection. Energy travels through the radiative zone in the form of electromagnetic radiation as photons.

Matter in a radiative zone is so dense that photons can travel only a short distance before they are absorbed or scattered by another particle, gradually shifting to longer wavelength as they do so. For this reason, it takes an average of 170,000 years for gamma rays from the core of the Sun to leave the radiative zone. Over this range, the temperature of the plasma drops from 15 million K near the core down to 1.5 million K at the base of the convection zone.
Keith Milow
Keith Milow (born 29 December 1945) is a British artist. He grew up in Baldock, Hertfordshire, and lived in New York City (1980–2002) and Amsterdam (2002–2014), now lives in London. He is an abstract sculptor, painter and printmaker. His work has been characterised as architectural, monumental, procedural, enigmatic and poetical.

Royal Academy Summer Exhibition
The Summer Exhibition is an open art exhibition held annually by the Royal Academy in Burlington House, Piccadilly in central London, England, during June, July, and August. The exhibition includes paintings, prints, drawings, sculpture, architectural designs and models, and is the largest and most popular open exhibition in the United Kingdom. It is also "the longest continuously staged exhibition of contemporary art in the world".

When the Royal Academy was founded in 1768, one of its key objectives was to establish an annual exhibition, open to all artists of merit, which could be visited by the public. The first Summer Exhibition took place in 1769; it has been held every year since without exception.
2017–18 Syracuse Orange women's basketball team
The 2017–18 Syracuse Orange women's basketball team represented Syracuse University during the 2017–18 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Orange, led by eleventh year head coach Quentin Hillsman. The Orange were fifth year members of the Atlantic Coast Conference and played their home games at the Carrier Dome. They finished the season 22–9, 10–6 in ACC play to finish in a 3 way tie for sixth place. They lost in the second round of the ACC women's tournament to Virginia Tech. They received an at-large bid of the NCAA women's tournament, where they lost to Oklahoma State in the first round.

2018 ACC women's basketball tournament
The 2018 ACC women's basketball tournament, which ended the 2017–18 season of the Atlantic Coast Conference, was held at Greensboro Coliseum in Greensboro, North Carolina, from February 28–March 4, 2018. Louisville, which finished atop the ACC regular-season table along with Notre Dame, won the tournament and with it the ACC's automatic bid to the 2018 NCAA Women's Division I Basketball Tournament.
Stanislav Rázl's Cabinet
This was the first government of the newly established Czech National Council. The Czech National Council was founded in 1968 and became constitutionally active on 1 January 1969. The government of the Czech Socialist Republic, led by Stanislav Rázl, governed from 8 January 1969 to 29 September 1969. Following this government, the administration of Josef Kempný and Josef Korčák took office.

Czech Socialist Republic
The Czech Socialist Republic (Czech: Česká socialistická republika, ČSR) was a republic within the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic. The name was used from 1 January 1969 to November 1989, when the previously unitary Czechoslovak state changed into a federation. From 1990 to 1992, the Czech Republic (Czech: Česká republika, ČR) existed as a federal subject within the Czech and Slovak Federative Republic, and later became the independent Czech Republic.
Sewayiah Creek
Sewayiah Creek is a stream in the U.S. state of Mississippi.

Sewayiah is a name derived from the Choctaw language purported to mean "deer bending down, deer stooping down". Variant names are "Chewah Creek" and "Line Creek".

Choctaw language
The Choctaw language (Choctaw: Chahta), spoken by the Choctaw, an Indigenous people of the Southeastern Woodlands, US, is a member of the Muskogean language family. Chickasaw is a separate but closely related language to Choctaw.

The Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma published the New Choctaw dictionary in 2016.
MV Gustafsberg VII
Gustafsberg VII is a motor vessel, and former steam ship, that was built in 1912 at Oskarshamn. In 1929 she was sold to Waxholmsbolaget. After being written off in a sinking accident in 1964, she was bought by steamship enthusiasts, salvaged and restored. In 1973, Strömma Kanalbolaget bought the ship. She was converted to diesel power in 1985, and is now used for tourist services in the Stockholm archipelago. Over the years, she has also operated under the names Gustavsberg VII and Saxaren.

Gustavsberg, Värmdö Municipality
Gustavsberg is a locality situated on the island of Värmdö in Sweden's Stockholm archipelago. From an administrative perspective, it is in Stockholm County and is the seat of Värmdö Municipality. It has 24,000 inhabitants as of 2023. It is most known for its porcelain factory, Gustavsberg porcelain, and toilet bowls distributed nationwide and internationally.

Ösbyträsk Nature Reserve is located nearby.
1993–94 Texas Longhorns men's basketball team
The 1993–94 Texas Longhorns men's basketball team represented The University of Texas at Austin in intercollegiate basketball competition during the 1993–94 season. The Longhorns were led by fourth-year head coach Tom Penders. The team finished the season with a 26–8 overall record and finished atop the standings in Southwest Conference play with a 12–2 conference record. Texas advanced to the NCAA tournament, defeating No. 11 seed Western Kentucky in the opening round before falling to No. 3 seed Michigan in the second round.

1993–94 Western Kentucky Hilltoppers basketball team
The 1993–94 Western Kentucky Hilltoppers men's basketball team represented Western Kentucky University during the 1993–94 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Hilltoppers were led by coach Ralph Willard and future NBA player Chris Robinson.  The team won the Sun Belt Conference Championship and were Sun Belt Basketball tournament runners-up.  They received an at-large bid to the 1994 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament.

Robinson made the All-Conference and SBC Tournament team.
The Art of Thinking Clearly
The Art of Thinking Clearly is a 2013 book by the Swiss writer Rolf Dobelli which describes in short chapters 99 of the most common thinking errors – ranging from cognitive biases to envy and social distortions.

The book was written as weekly columns in leading newspapers in Germany, the Netherlands, and Switzerland, and later in two German books. The book was in the top ten of Germany's Der Spiegel Bestseller list for 80 consecutive weeks and has been translated into many languages. Outside Germany and Switzerland, the book hit the top ten bestseller lists in the U.K, South Korea, India, Ireland, Singapore, and Iran. Author Nassim Taleb has asserted that the book included sections plagiarised from Taleb's manuscript of Antifragile.

Antifragile (book)
Antifragile: Things That Gain From Disorder is a book by Nassim Nicholas Taleb published on November 27, 2012, by Random House in the United States and Penguin in the United Kingdom. This book builds upon ideas from his previous works including Fooled by Randomness (2001), The Black Swan (2007–2010), and The Bed of Procrustes (2010–2016), and is the fourth book in the five-volume philosophical treatise on uncertainty titled Incerto. Some of the ideas are expanded on in Taleb's fifth book Skin in the Game: Hidden Asymmetries in Daily Life (2018).
Heigenbrücken
Heigenbrücken is a municipality in the Aschaffenburg district in the Regierungsbezirk of Lower Franconia (Unterfranken) in Bavaria, Germany, and seat of the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft (municipal association) of Heigenbrücken. It has a population of around 2,200.

Regierungsbezirk
A Regierungsbezirk (German pronunciation: [ʁeˈɡiːʁʊŋsbəˌtsɪʁk] ⓘ, pl. Regierungsbezirke, German pronunciation: [ʁeˈɡiːʁʊŋsbəˌtsɪʁkə], lit. 'governmental district') is a type of administrative division in Germany. Currently, four of the sixteen Länder (states of Germany) are split into Regierungsbezirke, each in turn split into rural or urban districts.

Regierungsbezirke serve as regional mid-level local government units in four of Germany's sixteen states: Baden-Württemberg, Bavaria, Hesse and North Rhine-Westphalia. Each of the nineteen Regierungsbezirke features a non-legislative governing body called a Regierungspräsidium (governing presidium) or Bezirksregierung (district government) headed by a Regierungspräsident (governing president), concerned mostly with administrative decisions on a local level for districts within its jurisdiction. Saxony has Direktionsbezirke (directorate districts) with more responsibilities shifted from the state parliament.
Caldera Basin
Caldera Basin (Spanish: Cuenca de Caldera) is a sedimentary basin located in the coast of northern Chile west of Copiapó. The basin has a fill of marine sediments of Late Cenozoic age. With a north–south extension of 43 kilometres (27 mi) and an east–west width of 20 kilometres (12 mi) the basin occupies an area between the coast and the Chilean Coast Range and between the port of Caldera and the mouth of Copiapó River. The sedimentary fill rests on metamorphic rocks of Paleozoic age and on plutonic rocks of Mesozoic age.

Revista Chilena de Historia Natural
The Revista Chilena de Historia Natural is a bilingual open access scientific journal published by the Sociedad de Biología de Chile covering research in many areas of biology. It was established in 1897 by Carlos Porter.
Donald Kayum
Donald Amrul Kayum (born 13 October 1955) is a Guyanese former cricketer.

Kayum was born in British Guiana at Georgetown. After studying at Chatham House Grammar School in Ramsgate and playing cricket for Broadstairs CC, he attended the University of Oxford in England, studying at Lincoln College. While studying at Oxford, he made his debut in first-class cricket for Oxford University against Gloucestershire at Oxford in 1977. He played first-class cricket for Oxford until 1978, making twelve appearances. Playing as a batsman, he scored 423 runs for Oxford at an average of 24.88 and a high score of 57, one of three half centuries he made. In addition to playing first-class cricket while at Oxford, he also made a single List A one-day appearance for the Combined Universities cricket team against Hampshire at Fenner's in the 1978 Benson & Hedges Cup, in which he was dismissed without scoring by Mike Taylor.

British Universities cricket team
The British Universities cricket team was a cricket team whose players were drawn from university students studying in Great Britain. The team played under the title of Combined Universities until 1995. The team played List A cricket from 1975 to 1998 and first-class cricket from 1993 to 2006.
Sherron Watkins
Sherron Watkins (born August 28, 1959) is an American former Vice President of Corporate Development at the Enron Corporation. Watkins discovered and reported the 2001 Enron scandal to Enron's then-CEO Kenneth Lay.

Watkins was selected as one of three "Persons of the Year 2002" by Time magazine, alongside two other whistleblowers, Cynthia Cooper of WorldCom and Coleen Rowley of the FBI.

Corporate development
Corporate development refers to the planning and execution of strategies to meet organizational objectives, primarily through mergers and acquisitions or divestitures. The kinds of activities falling under corporate development may include strategic planning, market and competitor mapping and tracking, phasing in or out of markets or products, arranging strategic alliances or partnerships or joint ventures, identifying and acquiring companies (M&A), securing funding (various forms of equity or debt) or corporate financing, divesting of assets or divisions or selling the whole company, listing on a stock exchange or undertaking various capital management initiatives.
Weightless (Animals as Leaders album)
Weightless is the second studio album by American instrumental progressive metal band Animals as Leaders. It was released on November 4, 2011 in Europe, November 7, 2011 in the UK, and November 8, 2011 in the US by Prosthetic Records. The album charted at No. 92 on Billboard’s Top 200 Chart, as well as No. 7 on Billboard’s Hard Rock Albums Chart, No. 16 on their Top Independent Album Chart and No. 50 on the Top Current Digital Album Chart.

Unlike the previous Animals as Leaders album, Weightless features a trio line-up instead of just consisting of Tosin Abasi along with featuring real drums in addition to programmed drums. Both guitarists in the group (Abasi and Javier Reyes) play 8-stringed guitars on this release.

The track titles of the album are chapter titles from the Rama series written by Arthur C. Clarke.

Prosthetic Records
Prosthetic Records is an American record label specializing in heavy metal recordings, founded in Los Angeles, California, in 1998 by E.J. Johantgen and Dan Fitzgerald. Prosthetic Records released the first two albums by Lamb of God and Animals as Leaders, and was the North American home to Gojira.

In June 2025, the label was acquired by MNRK Music Group.
Helen Milner
Helen V. Milner (born 1958) is an American political scientist. She is currently the B. C. Forbes Professor of Public Affairs at Princeton University's School of Public and International Affairs, where she also directs the Niehaus Center for Globalization and Governance. She has written extensively on issues related to international political economy, including international trade, the connections between domestic politics and foreign policy, globalization and regionalism, and the relationship between democracy and trade policy.

Commercial policy
A commercial policy (also referred to as a trade policy or international trade policy) is a government's policy governing international trade. Commercial policy is an all encompassing term that is used to cover topics which involve international trade.  Trade policy is often described in terms of a scale between the extremes of free trade (no restrictions on trade) on one side and protectionism (high restrictions to protect local producers) on the other. A common commercial policy can sometimes be agreed by treaty within a customs union, as with the European Union's common commercial policy and in Mercosur.
A nation's commercial policy will include and take into account the policies adopted by that nation's government while negotiating international trade. There are several factors that can affect a nation's commercial policy, all of which can affect international trade policies.
Scaphispatha
Scaphispatha is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. It contains two species, S. gracilis and S. robusta. The genus was believed to be monotypic until 2003 when a new species, S. robusta was discovered by Eduardo Gomes Gonçalves in northern Brazil. The plant had been grown in cultivation for some years, but had always been assumed to be a Caladium until it flowered.

Scaphispatha gracilis Brongn. ex Schott - Bolivia, Brazil

Scaphispatha robusta E.G.Gonç. - Pará, Mato Grosso, Tocantins, Goiás

Araceae
The Araceae are a family of monocotyledonous flowering plants in which flowers are borne on a type of inflorescence called a spadix. The spadix is usually accompanied by, and sometimes partially enclosed in, a spathe (or leaf-like bract). Also known as the arum family, members are often colloquially known as aroids. This family of 114 genera and about 3,750 known species is most diverse in the New World tropics, although also distributed in the Old World tropics and northern temperate regions.
Mansourieh, Lebanon
Mansourieh (Arabic: المنصورية translit. al-Manṣūriyyah), also known by various spellings, including: el-Mansourieh, Mansouriyeh, Mansouriyet el-Matn, and el-Mansouria is a town in the Matn District of the Mount Lebanon Governorate, in Lebanon. This place holds significant historical importance due to the presence of well-preserved archaeological remains, specifically a Roman aqueduct.

Lebanese University
The Lebanese University (LU; Arabic: الجامعة اللبنانية) is the only state-funded public university in Lebanon. It was established in 1951.

The university's main campus was originally located in Beirut, but a few satellite campuses were opened due to travel restrictions during the Lebanese Civil War. It has three main campuses: Rafic Hariri Campus, Fanar Campus and North Campus. The Roumieh campus, which features a faculty of engineering, is one of the satellite campuses.

The university currently enrolls thousands of students and is organized into 16 faculties. It offers a range of degree programs, include undergraduate, graduate and doctoral levels. The primary language of instruction is Arabic.
2022 Montana House of Representatives election
An election was held on November 8, 2022, to elect all 100 members to Montana's House of Representatives. The election coincided with elections for other offices, including the U.S. House of Representatives and state senate. The primary election was held on June 7, 2022. Republicans expanded their supermajority in chamber as they did in the senate.

Danny Tenenbaum
Danny Tenenbaum is an American attorney and politician serving as a member of the Montana House of Representatives from the 95th district. Elected in November 2020, he assumed office on January 4, 2021.
Muddy Creek (Linn County, Oregon)
Muddy Creek is a tributary of the Willamette River that flows through parts of Lane and Linn counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. It begins near Coburg Ridge, northeast of Eugene, and meanders north across the floor of the Willamette Valley roughly parallel to the river. It joins the East Channel of the Willamette upstream of Corvallis.

Muddy Creek was so named by pioneer settlers on account of its muddy waters. Its entry in Oregon Geographic Names says, "It is a sluggish stream, and it is no surprise that the pioneers named it as they did." The name appeared in print as early as 1857.

The creek's main tributaries are Dry Muddy Creek and Little Muddy Creek. A different Muddy Creek with the same characteristics but on the other (western) side of the Willamette flows into Marys River, which enters the Willamette at Corvallis.

Lane County, Oregon
Lane County is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 382,971, making it the fourth-most populous county in Oregon. The county seat is Eugene, the state's second most populous city. It is named in honor of Joseph Lane, Oregon's first territorial governor. Lane County comprises the Eugene, OR Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is the third-largest MSA in Oregon, and the 144th-largest in the country.
Leader of the New Zealand Labour Party
The leader of the Labour Party is the highest-ranked political position within the New Zealand Labour Party, who serves as the parliamentary leader and leading spokesperson of the party. The current leader is Chris Hipkins, after Jacinda Ardern resigned.

Parliamentary leader
A parliamentary leader is a political title or a descriptive term used in various countries to designate the person leading a parliamentary group or caucus in a legislative body, whether it be a national or sub-national legislature. They are their party's most senior member of parliament (MP) in most parliamentary democracies.

A party leader may be the same person as the parliamentary leader, or the roles may be separated.
Mount Catherine
Mount Saint Catherine (Arabic: جبل كاثرين; Greek: Όρος της Αγίας Αικατερίνης) is the highest mountain in Egypt. It is located near the town of Saint Catherine in the South Sinai Governorate.

The name is derived from the Christian tradition that angels transported to this mountain the body of the martyred Saint Catherine of Alexandria.

At the summit of the mountain, there is a chapel built in 1905 and a meteorological station.

South Sinai Governorate
South Sinai (Arabic: محافظة جنوب سيناء Muḥāfaẓah Ganūb Sīnāʾ) is the least populated governorate of Egypt. It is located in the east of the country, encompassing the southern half of the Sinai Peninsula. Saint Catherine's Monastery, an Eastern Orthodox monastery and renowned UNESCO World Heritage Site, is located in the central part of the governorate.
King Cetshwayo District Municipality
King Cetshwayo District Municipality (formerly Uthungulu District Municipality) is one of the 11 district municipalities ("districts") of KwaZulu-Natal province in South Africa. The seat of the district is Richards Bay. The majority of its 885 944 people speak Zulu (2001 Census). The district code is DC28. It is named after Cetshwayo kaMpande, King of the Zulu Kingdom from 1872 to 1879, who led his nation to victory against the British in the Battle of Isandlwana.

Zulu language
Zulu (/ˈzuːluː/ ZOO-loo), or isiZulu as an endonym, is a Southern Bantu language of the Nguni branch spoken in, and indigenous to, Southern Africa with about 13.56 million native speakers, who primarily inhabit the province of KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa. The word "KwaZulu-Natal" translates into English as "Home of the Zulu Nation is Natal". Zulu is the most widely spoken home language in South Africa (24% of the population), and it is understood by over 50% of its population. It became one of South Africa's 12 official languages in 1994.

According to Ethnologue, it is the second-most widely spoken of the Bantu languages, after Swahili. Like many other Bantu languages, it is written with the Latin alphabet.

In South African English, the language is often referred to in its native form, isiZulu.