hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Crabtree–Blackwell Farm
Crabtree–Blackwell Farm is a historic farm located near Blackwell, Washington County, Virginia. The main house is a "saddlebag" type building with 2 1/2-story pens connected by a central limestone rubble chimney stack.  The remaining Appalachian vernacular contributing resources are a spring house or milkhouse and log hay barn.  The farm is representative of mountain folk culture.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.

Spring house
A spring house, or springhouse, is a small building, usually of a single room, constructed over a spring.  While the original purpose of a springhouse was to keep the spring water clean by excluding fallen leaves, animals, etc., the enclosing structure was also used for refrigeration before the advent of ice delivery and, later, electric refrigeration.  The water of the spring maintains a constant cool temperature inside the spring house throughout the year.  Food that would otherwise spoil, such as meat, fruit, or dairy products, could be kept there, safe from animal depredations as well. Springhouses thus often also served as pumphouses, milkhouses and root cellars.

The Tomahawk Spring spring house at Tomahawk, West Virginia, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.
2024 Mérida Open – Singles
Zeynep Sönmez defeated Ann Li in the final, 6–2, 6–1 to win the singles title at the 2024 Mérida Open. It was her first WTA Tour title. Sönmez became the second Turkish woman to win a main tour singles title, and first since Çağla Büyükakçay in 2016.

Camila Giorgi was the reigning champion, but she retired from professional tennis in May 2024.

Çağla Büyükakçay
Çağla Büyükakçay (Turkish pronunciation: [tʃaːˈla byˈjykaktʃaj]; born 28 September 1989) is a Turkish professional tennis player. She won her first title at her home tournament in Istanbul becoming the first Turkish woman to lift a WTA Tour title.

She has won 12 singles and 15 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit. In September 2016, she reached her highest singles ranking of world No. 60. On 29 February 2016, she peaked at No. 111 in the WTA doubles rankings.

Playing for Turkey in the Billie Jean King Cup, Büyükakçay has a win–loss record of 42–33 (as of July 2024). Büyükakçay was the first tennis player to represent Turkey at the Olympic Games. She competed at the Rio Olympics.

She was the top-ranked tennis player at Istanbul's multi-sports club Enkaspor.
Crutcher House
Crutcher House, on Mulberry Pike in Eminence in Henry County, Kentucky, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

It is a five-bay two-story frame I-house which was built as a farmhouse in about 1870 in a then-rural setting.  It has a two-story ell and a one-story addition (the latter added c.1968).  It has Italianate brackets under its eaves, and pilasters at the entrance bay and at its four corners.

It was deemed significant as "the town's most significant remaining example of late 19th-century residential architecture."

I-house
The I-house is a vernacular house type, popular in the United States from the colonial period onward. The I-house was so named in the 1930s by Fred Kniffen, a cultural geographer at Louisiana State University who was a specialist in folk architecture. He identified and analyzed the type in his 1936 study of Louisiana house types.

He chose the name "I-house" because the style was commonly built in the rural farm areas of Indiana, Illinois and Iowa, all states beginning with the letter "I". But he was not implying that this house type originated in, or was restricted to, those three states. It is also referred to as Plantation Plain style.
Cell Project Space
Cell Project Space is a not-for-profit gallery space and workspace provider based in Cambridge Heath, London. Cell Project Space presents up to 5 exhibitions and 3-4 events per year and supports the dissemination of artists’ knowledge to the local community through workshops.

Not-for-profit arts organization
A not-for-profit arts organization, also known as a nonprofit arts organization, usually takes the form of a not-for-profit organization, nonprofit organization, association, or foundation. Such organizations are formed for the purpose of developing and promoting the work of artists in various visual- and performing-art forms such as film, sculpture, dance, painting, multimedia, poetry, and performance art.
Fort Wakarusa
Little is known about Fort Wakarusa, which was built by free-state partisans between 1855 and 1857. Historian William E. Connelley drew a map in the 1920s that located the fort on the north side of the Wakarusa River, at Blue Jacket's Crossing. The town of Sebastian, Kansas, was on the south side of the river. Considering that the area is very flat and that there are some meander scars showing that the river has changed course various times, the site of Fort Wakarusa may today be on the south side of the river. The fort was located about midway between Lawrence, Kansas, and Eudora, Kansas.

Little is known about the fort's layout. It probably consisted of earthworks and logs. One source said rifle pits were dug outside the fort. No source claims knowledge of this fort's fate and nothing of it remains.

Meander scar
A meander scar, occasionally meander scarp, is a geological feature formed by the remnants of a meandering water channel. They are characterized by "a crescentic cut in a bluff or valley wall, produced by...a meandering stream." They are often formed during the creation of oxbow lakes.

The term itself may refer alternatively to the actual cuts into the bank of a bluff, or to the general feature of a drying or dried meander. Both uses, however, describe features of the same process.

Meander scars are caused by the varying velocities of current within the river channel. Due to higher velocity current on the outer banks of the river through the bend, more erosion occurs causing the characteristic steep outer slopes. In certain habitats, if the scar has sufficient water, or as an oxbow lake fills with sediment, these areas may become marshes or wetlands.
Aloha Airlines Flight 243
Aloha Airlines Flight 243 was a scheduled domestic passenger flight flown by Aloha Airlines between Hilo and Honolulu in Hawaii. On April 28, 1988, the Boeing 737-297 airplane serving the flight suffered extensive damage after an explosive decompression in flight, caused by part of the fuselage breaking due to poor maintenance and metal fatigue. The plane was able to land safely at Kahului Airport on Maui. The one fatality, flight attendant Clarabelle "C.B." Lansing, was ejected from the airplane. Sixty-five passengers and crew were injured. The substantial damage inflicted by the decompression, the loss of one cabin crew member, and the safe landing of the aircraft established the accident as a significant event in the history of aviation, with far-reaching effects on aviation safety policies and procedures.

Flight attendant
A flight attendant is a member of the aircrew whose primary responsibility is to ensure the safety of passengers in the cabin of an aircraft across all stages of flight. Their secondary duty is to see to the comfort of passengers. Flight attendants are also known as a steward (MASC) or stewardess (FEM), or air host (MASC) or air hostess (FEM) and are collectively referred to as cabin crew.
Niña Ruiz Abad
Niña Ruiz Abad (October 31, 1979 – August 16, 1993) was a Filipino Catholic girl widely known as "the girl who always wore a rosary". She is in the process of being canonized, and is currently a Servant of God.

Sarrat
Sarrat, officially the Municipality of Sarrat (Ilocano: Ili ti Sarrat; Filipino: Bayan ng Sarrat), is a municipality in the province of Ilocos Norte, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 26,294 people.

The town is known as the birthplace of Ferdinand Marcos, the 10th President of the Philippines.
Krzysztof Starnawski
Krzysztof Starnawski (born 1968) is a Polish technical and cave diver and International Association of Nitrox and Technical Divers (IANTD), Confédération Mondiale des Activités Subaquatiques (CMAS), French Federation of Speleology (FFS) diving instructor.

Confédération Mondiale des Activités Subaquatiques
Confédération Mondiale des Activités Subaquatiques (CMAS; known in English as the World Underwater Federation) is an international federation that represents underwater activities in underwater sport and underwater sciences, and oversees an international system of recreational snorkel and scuba diver training and recognition.  Its foundation in Monaco during January 1959 makes it one of the world's oldest underwater diving organisations.
EOY Cosplay Festival
EOY Music, Comics & Arts Festival is a Japanese pop-cultural arts event that is non-profit and fan-run multigenre convention featuring anime, cosplay, doujin works, subculture fashion and Japanese pop music held in Singapore. From 2012 to 2017, it was a free public event.

Its highlights include the hundreds of cosplayers who visit each year, generous opportunities for cosplay photography, guest performances by Japanese celebrities, music and dance performances by home-grown talents, artwork exhibitions and booths selling anime merchandise and personal artworks.

Alongside the annual events, EOY also partners related organisations to hold periodic events and performances related to anime, cosplay and music. Notable ones include the Singapore Silver Cosplay Club cosplay competition, Walk for Our Children (Singapore Children's Society), TAO “Art of Drum”, Liang Court Anime Week, Bon Japan Theme Cafes, SGCafe Maid and Butler Cafe and Marie Digby's Your Love Asia Tour.

Singapore Children's Society
The Singapore Children's Society (Mandarin: 新加坡儿童会)  is a child protection organization operating in Singapore.

Established in 1952, its services have evolved to meet the changing needs of children. Today, Children's Society operates 12 service centres islandwide, offering services in the four categories of: Vulnerable Children and Youth, Children and Youth Services, Family Services, and Research and Advocacy.
Sables-d'Or-les-Pins
Sables-d'Or-les-Pins (French pronunciation: [sabl dɔʁ le pɛ̃], lit. 'Golden Sands the Pines'; Breton: Traezhennoù Aour ar Pinoù) is a French Seaside resort, located mainly in Fréhel commune in the Côtes-d'Armor department in Brittany in northwestern France.

It was created  in 1921 and is known for its long beach located along a spit and its dunes.

Roland Brouard, the initiator of the project, intended to create a competitor to resorts like Deauville and La Baule.

In 1929, as a consequence of the Great Depression, the development of the resort stopped.

After World War II, Sables d'Or became a quiet family beach.

Seaside resort
A seaside resort is a city, town, village, or hotel that serves as a vacation resort and is located on a coast. Sometimes the concept includes an aspect of an official accreditation based on the satisfaction of certain requirements such as in the German Seebad. Where a beach is the primary focus for tourists, it may be called a beach resort.
Hong Kong Girl Guides Association
Hong Kong Girl Guides Association (Chinese: 香港女童軍總會) is the sole Guide organisation in Hong Kong. It was formally established in 1919 though the first Girl Guides Company was formed in 1916. The association became a full member of the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts in 1978. It serves 55,145 members.

World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts
The World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts (WAGGGS /wæɡz/) is a global association that supports female-oriented and female-only Guiding and Scouting organizations in 153 countries. It was established in the year 1928 in Parád, Hungary. The organization now has its headquarters located in London, United Kingdom. It is the counterpart of the World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM). WAGGGS is organized into five regions and operates five international Guiding centers. It holds full member status in the European Youth Forum (YFJ), which operates within the Council of Europe and the European Union.
Bengtsfors Municipality
Bengtsfors Municipality (Swedish: Bengtsfors kommun) is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in western Sweden. Its seat is located in the town of Bengtsfors.

The present municipality was formed in 1971 when the former market town (köping) of Bengtsfors (instituted in 1926) was amalgamated with the municipalities of Bäckefors, Lelång and Steneby.

Västra Götaland County
Västra Götaland County  (Swedish: Västra Götalands län) is a county or län on the western coast of Sweden.

The county is the second most populous of Sweden's counties and it comprises 49 municipalities (kommuner). Its population of 1,616,000 amounts to 17% of Sweden's population. The formal capital and seat of the governor of Västra Götaland County is Gothenburg. The political capital and seat of the Västra Götaland Regional Council is Vänersborg.

The county was established on 1 January 1998, when Älvsborg County, Gothenburg and Bohus County and Skaraborg County were merged.
Taqdeer (2020 TV series)
Taqdeer (Bengali: তাকদীর) is a thriller television series directed by Syed Ahmed Shawki, started streaming on the Bengali OTT platform hoichoi from 18 December 2020. Hoichoi announced their upcoming twenty-five web series, Taqdeer is one of them, Based on Bangladesh, the series features Chanchal Chowdhury, Manoj Pramanik, Sanjida Preeti and Shohel Mondol in the lead roles. The series is officially remade in India in the Telugu language as Dayaa.

Shree Venkatesh Films
SVF Entertainment Pvt. Ltd.  is an Indian film production and distribution company, founded by Shrikant Mohta and Mahendra Soni in 1995. Apart from producing and distributing Bengali films in West Bengal, Bangladesh, Assam and Tripura, SVF also distributes Bollywood and Hollywood films in East India. The other divisions of the company include Exhibition, TV Content Production, Digital Cinema, Music, New Media and IPR syndication. SVF was in Anandabazar Patrika's powerlist for 2008 and 2010.
Örenkent, Bulanık
Örenkent (Armenian: Խարաբաշեհիր, romanized: Kharabashehir) is a village in the Bulanık District, Muş Province, in east Turkey. It is 115 km from Muş city center and 8 km from Bulanık town. Its population is 1,394 (2022).

Muş
Muş (pronounced [muʃ]; Armenian: Մուշ; Kurdish: Mûş) is a city in eastern Turkey and one of the principal cities of the predominantly Kurdish-inhabited region of eastern Anatolia. It is the seat of Muş Province and Muş District. Its population is 120,699 (2022). The city is majority Kurdish.
Raleigh Aitchison
Raleigh Leonidas Aitchison (December 5, 1887 – September 26, 1958), nicknamed "Redskin" was an American pitcher in Major League Baseball from 1911 to 1915. He continued to pitch in the minor leagues through 1923 with an assortment of teams.

After his retirement from baseball he worked for 18 years for the Columbus, Kansas police department and was a deputy sheriff for Cherokee County, Kansas.

Cherokee County, Kansas
Cherokee County is a U.S. county located in Southeast Kansas. Its county seat is Columbus, and its most populous city is Baxter Springs. As of the 2020 census, the county population was 19,362. The county was named for the Cherokee tribe. Cherokee County is considered part of the Joplin, Missouri, metropolitan area.
2022–23 Rutgers Scarlet Knights men's basketball team
The 2022–23 Rutgers Scarlet Knights men's basketball team represented Rutgers University–New Brunswick during the 2022–23 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Scarlet Knights were led by seventh-year head coach Steve Pikiell and played their home games at Jersey Mike's Arena in Piscataway, New Jersey as members of the Big Ten Conference. They finished the season 18–13, 10–10 in Big Ten play, to finish a tie for ninth place. As the No. 9 seed in the Big Ten tournament, they defeated Michigan in the quarterfinals before losing to Purdue in the quarterfinals. The Knights received an invitation to the NIT tournament as a No. 1 seed. There, they were upset in the first round by Hofstra.

2023 Big Ten men's basketball tournament
The 2023 Big Ten men's basketball tournament was a postseason men's basketball tournament for the Big Ten Conference of the 2022–23 NCAA Division I men's basketball season which took place from March 8–12, 2023. The tournament was held at the United Center in Chicago, Illinois. This was the last year in which the first round was broadcast on BTN, as it would move to Peacock starting 2024.

Purdue defeated Penn State 67–65 to win the tournament. As a result, they received the conference's automatic bid to the 2023 NCAA tournament.
German submarine U-11 (1935)
German submarine U-11 was a Type IIB U-boat built before World War II for service in Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine. She was commissioned on 21 September 1935, with Kapitänleutnant Hans-Rudolf Rösing in command. She served in several training flotillas in her 10-year career, but sank or damaged no ships.

In 1940, U-11 was the first unit to carry out sea trials of a new anechoic tile, which was developed by the Kriegsmarine for reducing a submarines' acoustic signature. This development project was codenamed Alberich after the invisible sorcerer from Germanic mythology.

Kapitänleutnant
Kapitänleutnant, short: KptLt/in lists: KL, (English: captain lieutenant or lieutenant captain) is an officer grade of the captains' military hierarchy group (German: Hauptleute) of the modern German Bundeswehr. The rank is rated OF-2 in NATO, and equivalent to Hauptmann in the Heer and Luftwaffe. It is grade A11 or A12 in the pay rules of the Federal Ministry of Defence.

The rank first appeared in the German Empire and continued in use through the Weimar Republic and into the Third Reich.
Katastari
Katastari (Greek: Καταστάρι) is a village and a community in the Alykes municipal unit of the island Zakynthos, Greece. It is situated at the foot of the Vrachionas mountain, 2 km from the Ionian Sea coast. It is located 13 kilometers northwest of Zakynthos City and 10 km southeast of Volimes.

Ionian Sea
The Ionian Sea is an elongated bay of the Mediterranean Sea. It is connected to the Adriatic Sea to the north, and is bounded by Southern Italy, including Basilicata, Calabria, Sicily, and the Salento peninsula to the west, southern Albania (and western Apulia, Italy) to the north, and the west coast of Greece, including the Peloponnese.

All major islands in the sea, which are located in the east of the sea, belong to Greece. They are collectively named the Ionian Islands, the main ones being Corfu, Kefalonia, Zakynthos, Lefkada, and Ithaca.

There are ferry routes between Patras and Igoumenitsa, Greece, and Brindisi and Ancona, Italy, that cross the east and north of the Ionian Sea, and from Piraeus westward. Calypso Deep, the deepest point in the Mediterranean at 5,109 m (16,762 ft), is in the Ionian Sea, at 36°34′N 21°8′E﻿ / ﻿36.567°N 21.133°E﻿ / 36.567; 21.133. The sea is one of the most seismically active areas in the world.
Elvey MacDonald
Elvey Jones MacDonald (17 June 1941 – 23 November 2022) was a native of Y Wladfa that settled in Wales. He worked for the National Eisteddfod of Wales before becoming head of the Urdd National Eisteddfod for 23 years. He also suggested the creation of Radio Ceredigion, which started broadcasting in 1992.

Urdd National Eisteddfod
The Urdd National Eisteddfod (Welsh: Eisteddfod Genedlaethol Urdd Gobaith Cymru or Eisteddfod Genedlaethol yr Urdd) is an annual Welsh-language youth festival of literature, music and performing arts organised by Urdd Gobaith Cymru. It is the youth counterpart to the National Eisteddfod of Wales. Arguably Europe's largest youth festival,  it is usually held during the last week of May, coinciding with schools' half term holiday. Locations normally alternate between north and south Wales, though in 2017, 2018 and 2019 they were held in south Wales. The Eisteddfod consists of competitive singing, recitation, art, composition, dance and instrumental events for contestants aged between 7 and 24 years. Regional qualifying heats are held in advance around Wales.

Eisteddfod yr Urdd's original motto is Er Mwyn Cymru (Welsh for 'For Wales' Sake').
Six Persimmons
Six Persimmons (Chinese: 六柿圖; pinyin: liùshì tú) is a 13th-century Chinese painting by the monk Muqi Fachang. It was painted during the Song dynasty. Muqi was one of the two great exponents of the spontaneous mode of Chinese painting (the other being Liang Kai). It features six persimmons on an undefined background. It is painted in blue-black ink on paper.

The painting is often cited as an expression of Chan Buddhist ideals. The thick and thin brushstrokes that model the lightest of the persimmons make it seem to float in contrast to the darker one next to it. The treatment of the stems and leaves have been compared to Chinese characters. Professor James Cahill of the University of California Berkeley devoted a lecture to the image.

(Six Persimmons is) passion... congealed into a stupendous calm.

It is currently in the collection of the Juko'in subtemple of Daitoku-ji in Kyoto, Japan.

Gary Snyder referenced the image in his 2008 poem "Mu Ch'i's Persimmons".

Gary Snyder
Gary Snyder (born May 8, 1930) is an American poet, essayist, lecturer, and environmental activist. His early poetry has been associated with the Beat Generation and the San Francisco Renaissance and he has been described as the "poet laureate of Deep Ecology".
Snyder is a winner of a Pulitzer Prize for Poetry and the American Book Award. His work, in his various roles, reflects an immersion in both Buddhist spirituality and nature. He has translated literature into English from ancient Chinese and modern Japanese. For many years, Snyder was an academic at the University of California, Davis, and for a time served as a member of the California Arts Council.
Video quality
Video quality is a characteristic of a video passed through a video transmission or processing system that describes perceived video degradation (typically compared to the original video). Video processing systems may introduce some amount of distortion or artifacts in the video signal that negatively impact the user's perception of the system. For many stakeholders in video production and distribution, ensuring video quality is an important task.

Video quality evaluation is performed to describe the quality of a set of video sequences under study. Video quality can be evaluated objectively (by mathematical models) or subjectively (by asking users for their rating). Also, the quality of a system can be determined offline (i.e., in a laboratory setting for developing new codecs or services) or in-service (to monitor and ensure a certain level of quality).

In-service program
An in-service program is a professional training or staff development effort, where professionals are trained and discuss their work with others in their peer group.

It is a key component of continuing medical education for physicians, pharmacists, and other medical professionals. It is also common among public servants including educators and public safety officials.

In-service program also refers to some programs offered to enlisted members of the military while they are in service.

Educators also have in-service programs where they discuss methods, cases, and workloads.
Progesterone dioxime
Progesterone dioxime, or progesterone 3,20-dioxime (P4-3,20-DO), also known as 3,20-di(hydroxyimino)pregn-4-en-3-one, is a progesterone derivative which was never marketed. It is a progestogen oxime – specifically, the C3 and C20 dioxime of the progestogen progesterone. Progesterone C3 and C20 oxime conjugates have been found to be water-soluble prodrugs of progesterone and pregnane neurosteroids.

Biotransformation
Biotransformation is the biochemical modification of one chemical compound or a mixture of chemical compounds. Biotransformations can be conducted with whole cells, their lysates, or purified enzymes.  Increasingly, biotransformations are effected with purified enzymes.  Major industries and life-saving technologies depend on biotransformations.