hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Downing-Detroit
The Downing-Detroit was an American cyclecar manufactured in Detroit, Michigan by the Downing Motor Company from 1913 to 1915. The Downing was offered as two models. The first was a two-passenger air-cooled V-twin engine of 13 hp. The second model was a light car with a water-cooled four-cylinder engine and a three-speed transmission.

Light car
The term light car is used in Great Britain since the early part of the 20th century for an automobile less than 1.5 litres engine capacity. In modern car classification this term would be roughly equivalent to a subcompact car. There are numerous light car clubs in Britain and Australia.

The current driving licence category B1 ("Light vehicles and quad bikes") in Great Britain covers motor vehicles with four wheels up to 400 kg unladen, or 550 kg if designed for carrying goods. This category does not exist in Northern Ireland; a full car licence is required for light cars and quad bikes there.

The term light car was used in the 1910s and 1920s in the United States to describe a cyclecar that had been improved with conventional automobile components, but was not a classification.
Kurylivka, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast
Kurylivka (Ukrainian: Курилівка; Russian: Куриловка) is a rural settlement in Dnipro Raion, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, Ukraine. It is located on the right bank of the Dnieper, downstream of the Kamianske Reservoir, across the river from the city of Kamianske. Kurylivka belongs to Petrykivka settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 2,432 (2022 estimate).

Dnipropetrovsk Oblast
Dnipropetrovsk Oblast (Ukrainian: Дніпропетровська область, romanized: Dnipropetrovska oblast), also commonly known as Dnipropetrovshchyna (Ukrainian: Дніпропетровщина), is an oblast (province) in southeastern Ukraine, the most important industrial region of the country. It was created on February 27, 1932. Dnipropetrovsk Oblast has a population of about 3,096,485 (2022 estimate), approximately 80% of whom live centering on administrative centers: Dnipro, Kryvyi Rih, Kamianske, Nikopol and Pavlohrad. The Dnieper River runs through the oblast.
Maria Grammatico
Maria Grammatico is an Italian pastry chef and entrepreneur based in Erice, Sicily. She is best known for preserving the traditional convent pastries of western Sicily and for her memoir–cookbook Bitter Almonds (1994), co-written with food historian Mary Taylor Simeti.

Grammatico was born in Erice, a hill town in western Sicily. In 1952, as a child she was placed in the San Carlo monastery, where nuns maintained centuries-old pastry traditions. There, she learned the labour-intensive craft of making pasta reale di Erice, a marzipan-like confection used in almond-based sweets such as bocconcini, sospiri, and cuscinetti.

Pasta reale di Erice
Pasta reale di Erice (Italian, literally "Royal Paste of Erice") is a traditional almond paste confection from Erice, Sicily, made from ground almonds and sugar. It is officially recognised as a Prodotto agroalimentare tradizionale (P.A.T.) of Italy.
Deinum railway station
Deinum is a railway station located in Deinum, Netherlands. The station was opened on 27 October 1863 and is located on the Harlingen–Nieuweschans railway between Harlingen and Leeuwarden. Train services are operated by Arriva.

Harlingen–Nieuweschans railway
The Harlingen–Nieuweschans railway is a railway line in the Netherlands running from the port of Harlingen to Bad Nieuweschans, passing through Leeuwarden and Groningen. The line was opened between 1863 and 1868. It is also known as the Staatslijn "B". At Bad Nieuweschans, a connection with the German railway network is provided through the Ihrhove–Nieuweschans railway.
2-4-0+0-4-2
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives by wheel arrangement, 2-4-0+0-4-2 is an articulated locomotive, usually of the Garratt type. The wheel arrangement is effectively two 2-4-0 locomotives operating back to back, with the boiler and cab suspended between the two power units. Each power unit has two leading wheels on one axle, four powered and coupled driving wheels on two axles and no trailing wheels. A similar wheel arrangement exists for Mallet locomotives, but is referred to as 2-4-4-2 since only the front engine unit can pivot.

Driving wheel
On a steam locomotive, a driving wheel is a powered wheel which is driven by the locomotive's pistons (or turbine, in the case of a steam turbine locomotive). On a conventional, non-articulated locomotive, the driving wheels are all coupled together with side rods (also known as coupling rods); normally one pair is directly driven by the main rod, or connecting rod, which is connected to the end of the piston rod; power is transmitted to the others through the side rods.

On diesel and electric locomotives, the driving wheels may be directly driven by the traction motors. Coupling rods are not usually used, and it is quite common for each axle to have its own motor.  Jackshaft drive and coupling rods were used in the past (e.g. in the Swiss Crocodile locomotive) but their use is now confined to shunter locomotives.

On an articulated locomotive or a duplex locomotive, driving wheels are grouped into sets with wheels within each set linked together.
35th Parachute Artillery Regiment
The 35th Parachute Artillery Regiment (French: 35e Régiment d'Artillerie Parachutiste, 35e RAP) is the only airborne artillery unit of the French Army forming the air artillery component of the 11th Parachute Brigade. It is based in Tarbes together with the air cavalry, the 1st Parachute Hussar Regiment.

Combat
Combat is a purposeful violent conflict between multiple combatants with the intent to harm the opposition. Combat may be armed (using weapons) or unarmed (not using weapons). Combat is resorted to either as a method of self-defense or to impose one's will upon others. An instance of combat can be a standalone confrontation or part of a wider conflict, and its scale can range from a fight between individuals to a war between organized groups. Combat may also be benign and recreational, as in the cases of combat sports and mock combat.

Combat may comply with, or be in violation of, local or international laws regarding conflict. Examples of rules include the Geneva Conventions (covering the treatment of people in war), medieval chivalry, the Marquess of Queensberry Rules (covering boxing), and the individual rulesets of various combat sports.
Zampini railway station
Zampani railway station (station code:ZPI) is an Indian Railway station, located in Zampani of Guntur district in Andhra Pradesh. It is situated on the Tenali–Repalle branch line and is administered by Guntur railway division of South Coast Railway zone. It is classified as an F-category station in terms of revenue and passenger footfalls.: 11

Guntur district
Guntur district is  in the Coastal Andhra region of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. The administrative seat of the district is located at Guntur, one of the major urban centres of the state. Historically significant, the region was part of ancient Buddhist and Satavahana-era settlements and later came under various South Indian dynasties before British rule. The district is known for its agricultural prominence—particularly chilli and cotton cultivation—as well as education and trade. It forms part of the larger Coastal Andhra region and contributes significantly to the state’s economy and cultural heritage.
Dmitriyevsky, Republic of Adygea
Dmitriyevsky (Russian: Дмитриевский; Adyghe: Дмитриевскэр) is a rural locality (a khutor) in Dmitriyevskoye Rural Settlement of Koshekhablsky District, Adygea, Russia. The population of this khutor was 479 as of 2018. There are 9 streets.

Adygea
Adygea (/ˌɑːdɪˈɡeɪə/ AH-dig-AY-ə), officially the Republic of Adygea or the Adygean Republic, is a republic of Russia. It is situated in the North Caucasus of Eastern Europe. The republic is a part of the Southern Federal District, and covers an area of 7,600 square kilometers (2,900 sq mi), with a population of roughly 500,731 residents  as at 2025. It is an enclave within Krasnodar Krai and is the fifth-smallest Russian federal subject by area. Maykop is the capital and the largest city of Adygea, home to one-third of the republic's population.

Adygea is one of Russia's ethnic republics, primarily representing the indigenous Circassian people who form 25% of the Republic's population, while Russians form a majority at 60%, and with minority populations of Armenians and Ukrainians. The official languages of Adygea are Adyghe and Russian.
Austin Energy
Austin Energy is a publicly owned utility providing electrical power to the city of Austin, Texas and surrounding areas. Established in 1895, the utility is a department of the City of Austin and returns its profits to the city's general fund to finance other city services. Austin Energy is the United States' 7th largest public utility, serving more than 500,000 customers and more than one million residents (as of 2019) within a service area of approximately 437 square miles (1,130 km2), including the Austin, Travis County and a small portion of Williamson County.

Williamson County, Texas
Williamson County (sometimes abbreviated as "Wilco") is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 609,017. The 2024 population estimate was 727,480. Its county seat is Georgetown. The county is named for Robert McAlpin Williamson (c. 1804–1859), a community leader and a veteran of the Battle of San Jacinto.

Williamson County is part of the Austin-Round Rock-San Marcos metropolitan statistical area. It was included with Austin in the Best Cities to Live in for 2009 by the Milken Institute. Located in Central Texas, it is on both the Edwards Plateau to the west, rocky terrain and hills, and Texas Blackland Prairies in the east, rich, fertile farming land. The two areas are roughly bisected by Interstate 35.
Hugh Wakefield
Hugh Wakefield (10 November 1888 – 5 December 1971) was an English film actor, who played supporting roles. He was often seen wearing a monocle.

Hugh Claude Wakefield was born in Wanstead, Essex. He also had a distinguished stage career, which began at the age of 11. City of Song (1931) was his first film. After completing 1954's The Million Pound Note, Wakefield retired from film acting. He died 5 December 1971 in London aged 83.

Monocle
A monocle is a type of corrective lens used to correct or enhance the visual perception in only one eye. It consists of a circular lens placed in front of the eye and held in place by the eye socket itself. Often, to avoid losing the monocle, a string or wire is connected to the wearer's clothing at one end and, at the other end, to either a hole in the lens or, more often, a wire ring around its circumference.
New Mexico State Road 519
State Road 519 (NM 519) is a 15-mile-long (24 km) state highway in the US state of New Mexico. NM 519's southern terminus is at NM 111 south of La Madera, and the northern terminus is at the end of state maintenance and continues as County Route 222 in Las Tablas.

Las Tablas, New Mexico
Las Tablas is an unincorporated community located in Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, United States. The community is 28.8 miles (46.3 km) northeast of Abiquiú. Las Tablas had its own post office until July 29, 1995.
A. P. Hamann
Anthony P. "Dutch" Hamann (September 26, 1909 – March 27, 1977) was the city manager of San Jose, California, United States, from 1950 to 1969. During his tenure, San Jose grew from a small agriculture-based city of 95,000 residents to a large, economically diverse city of almost 500,000.

In 1977, he was killed in the Tenerife airport disaster.

Alviso, San Jose
Alviso is a district of San Jose, California, located in North San Jose on the southern shores of San Francisco Bay. Originally an independent town, founded in 1852, today Alviso is San Jose's only waterfront district, primarily residential in nature, with several Silicon Valley tech companies and recreation-oriented businesses. Alviso is named after 19th-century Californio ranchero Ignacio Alviso, who owned the area as part of his Rancho Rincón de Los Esteros.

The Guadalupe River separates Alviso from Santa Clara and Sunnyvale to the west, while Coyote Creek separates Alviso from Milpitas to the east. Alviso is the lowest point in the San Francisco Bay Area at 13 feet (4.0 m) below sea level.
Mary Jerrold
Mary Jerrold (4 December 1877 – 3 March 1955) was an English actress. She was married to actor Hubert Harben, and mother of actress Joan Harben and celebrity chef Philip Harben.

She made her London stage debut as Prudence Dering in Mary Pennington Spinster (1896); and played Martha Brewster for three and a half years in the original West End production of Arsenic and Old Lace, opening in 1942. In 1922, in a stage production of Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice, Jerrold became one of the oldest actresses cast as Elizabeth Bennet, at age 44. In the play, she acted opposite her husband, cast as Mr. Collins. She appeared in Molly Keane's Ducks and Drakes in 1941. In 1946 she starred in the West End melodrama But for the Grace of God by Frederick Lonsdale. In 1951 she played the lead role in Kenneth Horne's comedy And This Was Odd at the Criterion Theatre. In 1953 she appeared in A Day by the Sea by N.C. Hunter.

N. C. Hunter
Norman Charles Hunter (18 September 1908 – 19 April 1971) was a British playwright whose plays attracted such notable actors to perform them as John Gielgud, Wendy Hiller, Sybil Thorndike, Ralph Richardson, Vanessa Redgrave, Michael Redgrave, and Ingrid Bergman. His play A Picture of Autumn was revived off-Broadway by the Mint Theater Company in 2013. Hunter's play A Day by the Sea was revived off-Broadway by the Mint Theater Company in 2016. It subsequently had its first major UK revival at London's Southwark Playhouse with John Sackville in the title role of Julian Anson.
Zone 73, Qatar
Zone 73 is a zone in the municipality of Al-Shahaniya in Qatar. The main district recorded in the 2015 population census was Al Jemailiya.

Other districts which fall within its administrative boundaries are Abu Sidrah, Al Qa'iya, Al Suwaihliya, and Lijmiliya Al Naeem.

Municipalities of Qatar
Since 2015, Qatar has been divided into eight municipalities. In 2004, a new municipality, Al Daayen, was created under Resolution No. 13, formed from parts of Umm Salal and Al Khawr; at the same time, Al Ghuwariyah was merged with Al Khawr; Al Jumaliyah was merged with Ar Rayyan; Jarayan al Batnah was split between Al Rayyan and Al Wakrah; and Mesaieed was merged with Al Wakrah. In 2014, the western city of Al-Shahaniya split off from Al Rayyan Municipality to form its own municipality.

For statistical purposes, the municipalities are further subdivided into 98 zones (as of 2015), which are in turn subdivided into districts and blocks, the latter being the lowest subdivision.
Ternary numeral system
A ternary /ˈtɜːrnəri/ numeral system (also called base 3 or trinary) has three as its base. Analogous to a bit, a ternary digit is a trit (trinary digit). One trit is equivalent to log2 3 (about 1.58496) bits of information.

Although ternary most often refers to a system in which the three digits are all non–negative numbers; specifically 0, 1, and 2, the adjective also lends its name to the balanced ternary system; comprising the digits −1, 0 and +1, used in comparison logic and ternary computers.

Radix
In a positional numeral system, the radix (pl. radices) or base is the number of unique digits, including the digit zero, used to represent numbers. For example, for the decimal system (the most common system in use today) the radix is ten, because it uses the ten digits from 0 through 9.

In any standard positional numeral system, a number is conventionally written as (x)y with x as the string of digits and y as its base.  For base ten, the subscript is usually assumed and omitted (together with the enclosing parentheses), as it is the most common way to express value. For example, (100)10 is equivalent to  100 (the decimal system is implied in the latter) and represents the number one hundred, while (100)2 (in the binary system with base 2) represents the number four.
Damm (surname)
Damm is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Arvid Damm (1869–1928), Swedish engineer and inventor

Carl Damm (1927–1993), German politician

Jürgen Damm (born 1992), Mexican professional footballer

Martin Damm Sr. (born 1972), Czech tennis player, father of Martin Damm Jr.

Martin Damm Jr. (born 2003), American tennis player, son of Martin Damm Sr.

Rodrigo Damm (born 1980), Brazilian mixed martial artist

Tobias Damm (born 1983), German footballer

Ulrik Damm, Danish curler and coach

Jürgen Damm
Jürgen Damm Rascón (born 7 November 1992) is a Mexican professional footballer who plays as a right-back.

According to a study conducted by Mexican club Pachuca, and backed by FIFA, Damm was the second fastest player in the world on 2015. He was able to reach 35.23 km/h (21.89 mph) running with the ball.
Retschwil
Retschwil was a municipality in the district of Hochdorf, in the canton of Lucerne, Switzerland.   On 1 January 2009, Retschwil together with Gelfingen, Hämikon, Mosen, Müswangen, and Sulz joined Hitzkirch.

Hochdorf District
Hochdorf District was one of the five Ämtern, or districts, of the German-speaking Canton of Lucerne, Switzerland. Its capital is the town of Hochdorf.  It has a population of 74,143 (as of 31 December 2020).  In 2013 the name was changed from Amt Hochdorf to Wahlkreis Hochdorf as part of a reorganization of the Canton.  A sixth Wahlkreis was created, but in Hochdorf everything else remained essentially unchanged.

Hochdorf District consists of the following thirteen municipalities:
Chesapeake and Albemarle Railroad
Trains portal

Railways portal

The Chesapeake and Albemarle Railroad (reporting mark CA) is a short-line railroad that operates 78 miles (126 km) of track from Chesapeake, Virginia, to Edenton, North Carolina.

Reporting mark
A reporting mark is a code used to identify owners or lessees of rolling stock and other equipment used on certain rail transport networks.  The code typically reflects the name or identifying number of the owner, lessee, or operator of the equipment, similar to IATA airline designators.

In North America, the mark, which consists of an alphabetic code of two to four letters, is stenciled on each piece of equipment, along with a one- to six-digit number. This information is used to uniquely identify every such rail car or locomotive, thus allowing it to be tracked by the railroad it is traveling over, which shares the information with other railroads and customers.  In multinational registries, a code indicating the home country may also be included.
Francisco Hosta
Francisco Hosta was the civil governor of Jemez Pueblo in 1849. He acted as a guide for several archeological expeditions to the Ancestral Puebloan ruins in Chaco Canyon, including the Simpson group in 1849, one led by Dr. Oscar Lowe in 1874, and in 1877 he guided photographer William Henry Jackson, who named Hosta Butte in his honor. He might have also guided José Antonio Vizcarra during his 1823 campaign against the Navajo people, during which Vizcarra re-discovered Chaco Canyon.

William Henry Jackson
William Henry Jackson (April 4, 1843 – June 30, 1942) was an American photographer, Civil War veteran, painter, and an explorer famous for his images of the American West. He was a great-great nephew of Samuel Wilson, the progenitor of America's national symbol Uncle Sam. He was the great-grandfather of cartoonist Bill Griffith, creator of Zippy the Pinhead comics.
2019–20 Championnat National 2
The 2019–20 Championnat National 2 was the 22nd season of the fourth tier in the French football league system in its current format. The competition was contested by 64 clubs split geographically across 4 groups of 16 teams each. The teams included amateur clubs (although a few are semi-professional) and the reserve teams of professional clubs. The season was suspended indefinitely on 12 March 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

On 16 April 2020, the FFF announced the termination of the competition, with promotion and relegation decided by points earned per game played, subject to the normal verification process by the financial authority, the DNCG.

Nîmes Olympique
Nîmes Olympique (commonly referred to as simply Nîmes) is a French association football club based in Nîmes. The club was founded on 12 April 1937 and currently plays in the Championnat National 2, the fourth tier of French football. The Stade des Antonins is the club's home stadium.
South Anchorage High School
South Anchorage High School is a public high school that serves grades 9-12 in Anchorage, Alaska, as well as students from neighboring Turnagain Arm communities of Girdwood and Indian.  South Anchorage High School is part of the Anchorage School District, and opened in the fall of 2004. The official school colors of South are black and gold, and its mascot is the wolverine.  As of November 25, 2016, the school had an enrollment of 1,459.

Wolverine
The wolverine (/ˈwʊlvəriːn/ WUUL-və-reen, US also /ˌwʊlvəˈriːn/ WUUL-və-REEN; Gulo gulo), also called the carcajou or quickhatch (from East Cree, kwiihkwahaacheew), is the largest land-dwelling member of the family Mustelidae. It is a muscular carnivore and a solitary animal. The wolverine has a reputation for ferocity and strength out of proportion to its size, with the documented ability to kill prey many times larger than itself.

The wolverine is found primarily in remote reaches of the northern boreal forests and subarctic and alpine tundra of the Northern Hemisphere, with the greatest numbers in Northern Canada, the U.S. state of Alaska, the mainland Nordic countries of Europe, and throughout western Russia and Siberia. Its population has steadily declined since the 19th century owing to trapping, range reduction and habitat fragmentation. The wolverine has become essentially absent from the southern end of its range in both Europe and North America.
Bodies, Rest & Motion
Bodies, Rest & Motion is a 1993 American drama film written by Roger Hedden based on his 1986 play, and directed by Michael Steinberg.  The film stars Phoebe Cates, Bridget Fonda, Tim Roth, and Eric Stoltz as four people whose interests in life and each other start to change. The film takes partly place at small gas stations in the Arizona desert, and Bridget Fonda's real-life father, Peter Fonda, has a cameo as a motorcycle rider. Bodies, Rest & Motion premiered at the 1993 Sundance Film Festival and was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1993 Cannes Film Festival.

Michael Steinberg (filmmaker)
Michael Steinberg (born 15 May 1959) is a director, writer and producer. He is a graduate of the UCLA School of Theater, Film and Television. He has directed three films that all premiered at the Sundance Film Festival and has written and/or produced four other award-winning features since his debut in 1992. In addition, Steinberg has written, directed, and/or produced several television projects since 2000.