hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Preventing Government Waste and Protecting Coal Mining Jobs in America
The Preventing Government Waste and Protecting Coal Mining Jobs in America (H.R. 2824) is a bill that would amend the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 to require state programs for regulation of surface coal mining to incorporate the necessary rule concerning excess spoil, coal mine waste, and buffers for perennial and intermittent streams published by the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement on December 12, 2008.

The bill was introduced into the United States House of Representatives during the 113th United States Congress.

113th United States Congress
The 113th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, from January 3, 2013, to January 3, 2015, during the fifth and sixth years of Barack Obama's presidency. It was composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives based on the results of the 2012 Senate elections and the 2012 House elections. The seats in the House were apportioned based on the 2010 United States census. It first met in Washington, D.C., on January 3, 2013, and it ended on January 3, 2015. Senators elected to regular terms in 2008 were in the last two years of those terms during this Congress.

The Senate had a Democratic majority, while the House had a Republican majority; such a split would not be repeated until the 118th Congress. This was the last time Democrats held control of the Senate until the 117th Congress in 2021.
Ferrovie Emilia Romagna
Ferrovie Emilia Romagna (FER) is railway company serving the Emilia-Romagna region in Italy. The company also operates buses.

The company was formed in 1997 by acquisition by the  Emilia-Romagna region of four previous state-owned railway companies:

the Ferrovie Padane (FP, which managed the Ferrara–Codigoro railway);

the Ferrovia Suzzara–Ferrara SpA (FSF);

the Gestione Commissariale Governativa delle Ferrovie Venete - Ferrovia Bologna-Portomaggiore (FBP);

the Gestione Commissariale Governativa delle Ferrovie Venete - Ferrovia Parma-Suzzara (FPS).

On 1 January 2008, it also acquired the railway branch of the ATCM of Modena, and, on 1 February 2009, Reggio Emilia's ACT, as well as FBV, becoming the only railway company in Emilia-Romagna.

Emilia-Romagna currently owns 59.44% of FER, the rest belonging to the provinces of Bologna, Mantua, Ferrara, Modena, Parma, Ravenna, Reggio Emilia and Rimini.

Province of Ravenna
The province of Ravenna (Italian: provincia di Ravenna; Romagnol: pruvènza ed Ravèna) is a province in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Ravenna. As of 2015, it has a population of 391,997 inhabitants over an area of 1,859.44 square kilometres (717.93 sq mi), giving it a population density of 210.81 inhabitants per square kilometre. Its provincial president is Valentina Palli.
Fusion welding
Fusion welding is a generic term for welding processes that rely on melting to join materials of similar compositions and melting points. Due to the high-temperature phase transitions inherent to these processes, a heat-affected zone is created in the material: 755  (although some techniques, like beam welding, often minimize this effect by introducing comparatively little heat into the workpiece).

In contrast to fusion welding, solid-state welding does not involve the melting of materials.

Phase transition
In physics, chemistry and biology, a phase transition (or phase change) is the physical process of transition between one state of a medium and another. Commonly the term is used to refer to changes among the basic states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas, and in rare cases, plasma. A phase of a thermodynamic system and the states of matter have uniform physical properties. During a phase transition of a given medium, certain properties of the medium change as a result of the change of external conditions, such as temperature or pressure. This can be a discontinuous change; for example, a liquid may become gas upon heating to its boiling point, resulting in an abrupt change in volume. The identification of the external conditions at which a transformation occurs defines the phase transition point.
Karjalan kunnailla
Karjalan kunnailla (Karelian: Karjalan kumbuzil), lit. 'On the Hills of Karelia', is a Finnish folk song. Lyrics were created by Valter Juva in 1902. Karelian Iivo Härkönen also published an early Karelianist adaptation of Juva's original Finnish lyrics in the Livvi-Karelian language of East Karelia. The music of the Anthem of the Republic of Karelia was derived from this song.

East Karelia
East Karelia (Finnish: Itä-Karjala, Karelian: Idä-Karjala), also rendered as Eastern Karelia or Russian Karelia (Finnish: Venäjän Karjala), is a name for the part of Karelia that is beyond the eastern border of Finland and since the Treaty of Stolbovo in 1617 has remained Eastern Orthodox and a part of Russia. It is separate from the western part of Karelia, called Finnish Karelia or historically Swedish Karelia (before 1808). Most of East Karelia has become part of the Republic of Karelia within the Russian Federation. It consists mainly of the old historical regions of Viena Karjala (English: White Karelia) and Aunus Karjala (English: Olonets Karelia).
Gama Toys
Gama is a German maker of toys, usually cars and trucks, dating from before World War I.  The company is headquartered in Fürth, Bavaria, near  Nürnberg, a traditional German toymaking center.  Other German companies that competed with Gama Toys were Schuco Modell and Conrad Models.

Fürth
Fürth (German: [fʏʁt] ⓘ; East Franconian: Färdd; ) is a city in northern Bavaria, Germany, in the administrative division (Regierungsbezirk) of Middle Franconia.

It is the second-largest city in Franconia and now contiguous with the larger city of Nuremberg, the centres of the two cities being only seven km (4.3 mi) apart.

The city forms a continuous conurbation with the neighbouring cities of Nuremberg, Erlangen and Schwabach, which is the heart of an urban area region with around 1.4 million inhabitants, while the larger Nuremberg Metropolitan Region has a population of approximately 3.6 million.

Fürth celebrated its thousand-year anniversary in 2007, its first mention being on 1 November 1007.
Missin U (Tori Kelly song)
"Missin U" is a 2023 song by American singer Tori Kelly. It is the lead single of her extended play (EP), Tori, released on March 17, 2023; later, it was included on her fifth studio album Tori (2024). The song contains samples of "Fill Me In", written by Craig David and Mark Hill, performed by David.

Mark Hill (musician)
Mark Leslie Hill (born 22 December 1972) is a Welsh musician, songwriter and record producer. He rose to fame as one half of the Artful Dodger and co-writer and producer of Craig David's multi-platinum debut studio album, Born to Do It. Since he began releasing music in 1997, Hill has achieved four Ivor Novello Awards, a number one album, two number one singles and over 10 million records sales worldwide.
2018 Euroformula Open Championship
The 2018 Euroformula Open Championship is a multi-event motor racing championship for single-seat open wheel formula racing cars that is held across Europe. The championship features drivers competing in two-litre Formula Three racing cars built by Italian constructor Dallara which conform to the technical regulations, or formula, for the championship. It was the fifth Euroformula Open Championship season.

Open-wheel car
An open-wheel car is a car with the wheels outside the car's main body, and usually having only one seat. Open-wheel cars contrast with street cars, sports cars, stock cars, and touring cars, which have their wheels below the body or inside fenders. Open-wheel cars are built both for road racing and oval track racing. Open-wheel cars licensed for use on public roads (street legal), such as the Ariel Atom, are uncommon, as they are often impractical for everyday use.
Realty Bites
"Realty Bites" is the ninth episode of the ninth season of the American animated television series The Simpsons. It originally aired on Fox in the United States on December 7, 1997. The episode sees Marge becoming a real estate agent, while Homer enjoys Snake's car. It was written by Dan Greaney and directed by Swinton O. Scott III.

This episode features the final speaking appearance of Lionel Hutz, five months before the death of Phil Hartman. It also features the first appearance of prolific recurring characters Gil Gunderson and Cookie Kwan, both of whom have appeared in over 100 subsequent episodes. The episode's development grew out of a desire by the writers to do a show focused on Marge, where her job did not work out.

The episode is featured in a special 2003 DVD compilation called The Simpsons: Risky Business, along with "Marge Gets a Job", "Deep Space Homer", and "Homer the Smithers".

Deep Space Homer
"Deep Space Homer" is the fifteenth episode of the fifth season of American animated television series The Simpsons, which was first broadcast on Fox in the United States on February 24, 1994. In the episode, NASA selects Homer Simpson to participate in a spaceflight to spark public interest in space exploration and boost low ratings of the launches. Once in space, his incompetence destroys the navigation system on board the Space Shuttle.

The episode was written by showrunner David Mirkin and directed by Carlos Baeza. Apollo 11 astronaut Buzz Aldrin and musician James Taylor guest-starred as themselves. Some of The Simpsons' staff, including creator Matt Groening, feared the concept was too unrealistic, resulting in some jokes being pared down and greater focus placed on relationships within the Simpson family. However, the episode was well-received, with many critics and fans praising it as one of the best of the series.
Pilar Agüero-Esparza
Pilar Agüero-Esparza (born 1966) is a Mexican-American painter, sculptor, and art educator. She is known for her works, particularly in mixed media, focusing on issues of skin tone, ethnic identity, labor, and domesticity.

Mixed media
In visual art, mixed media describes artwork in which more than one medium or material has been employed.
Assemblages, collages, and sculpture are three common examples of art using different media. Materials used to create mixed media art include, but are not limited to, paint, cloth, paper, wood and found objects.

Mixed media art is distinguished from multimedia art which combines visual art with non-visual elements, such as recorded sound, literature, drama, dance, motion graphics, music, or interactivity.
Single-occupancy vehicle
A single-occupancy vehicle (SOV) is a privately operated vehicle whose only occupant is the driver. The drivers of SOVs use their vehicles primarily for personal travel, daily commuting and for running errands. The types of vehicles include, but are not limited to, sport utility vehicles (SUVs), light-duty trucks, and any combination thereof, along with all the various van and car sizes, but would  generally be taken to exclude human-powered vehicles such as bicycles. This term is used by transportation engineers and planners.  SOVs contrast with high-occupancy vehicles (HOV), which have two or more occupants. Keep in mind that SOV in this context refers to a status and usage, not the vehicle type.

Light truck
Light truck or light-duty truck is a US classification for vehicles with a gross vehicle weight up to 8,500 pounds (3,860 kg) and a payload capacity up to 4,000 pounds (1,814 kg). Similar goods vehicle classes in the European Union, Asia and Africa are termed light commercial vehicles and are limited to a gross vehicle weight of up to 3,500 kg (7,720 pounds). Australia and New Zealand are limited to a gross vehicle weight of up to 4,500 kg (9,920 pounds).
Sanwar Lal Jat
Sanwar Lal Jat (1 January 1955 – 9 August 2017) was the chairman of Rajasthan Kisan Aayog and MP of constituency from Ajmer, Rajasthan. He was also a cabinet minister in the Government of Rajasthan. He held portfolios of irrigation, Indira Gandhi Nahar Pariyojana, PHED, CAD, Ground Water Dev. He won election to Rajasthan Legislative Assembly from Nasirabad, Ajmer in Ajmer district. He was a senior leader of state Bharatiya Janata Party.

He was born in 1955 and educated to M Com and Ph.D. He was a professor before entering politics. He was married to Narbada and they have two sons and a daughter together. He died on 9 August 2017 in Delhi.

Ajmer district
Ajmer district is a district in the Indian state of Rajasthan. It is part of the Ajmer division–one of the seven administrative divisions of Rajasthan. The city of Ajmer is the district headquarters. The district is situated in the center part of Rajasthan, and is bounded by Didwana Kuchaman district to the north, Jaipur Rural and Dudu to the north-east, Tonk to the east, Kekri and Beawar to the south, and Nagaur to the west. It has an area of 8,481 km2 (3,275 sq mi), and a population of 2,583,052 (2011 census).
Fut i fejemøget
Fut i fejemøget (rough translation: Things start hotting up) is a song written by John Mogensen, who recorded it in 1971. Ewert Ljusberg wrote lyrics in Swedish, as Sofia dansar go-go, recorded by Stefan Rüdén scoring a Svensktoppen hit for 16 weeks between 5 November 1972 and 18 February 1973, which included topping the chart.

The song was also recorded by Larz-Kristerz on 2007 album Stuffparty 3 [ and by Scotts on 2009 album Längtan . At Dansbandskampen 2009 the song was performed by Torgny Melins. Stockholm folk-pop band Tuk Tuk Rally recorded the song on the album Även vackra fåglar skiter, consisting of a live recording at Totalgalan on 18–19 October 1991 in Köping.

Torgny Melins
Torgny Melins is a dansband from Säffle, Sweden, scoring chart successes in Sweden by the mid-late 2000s. In 2006, the band played at the Hultsfred Festival, becoming first dansband since Sven-Ingvars in 1991 to do so. The band has also played at the Arvika Festival. The band has also recorded Teddybears Stockholm songs on the 2006 album Dansbander, as well as recorded soundtrack music for the 2007 "Snart är det lördag igen" film.

In May 2007, TV4 aired a documentary series about the band, Torgny Melins - från Säffle till Stureplan. In 2007, the band also recorded a duet with Kikki Danielsson, "Ska du gå din väg", on the album Allting som vi har.

The band also participated at Dansbandskampen 2009, being one of the finalists.

In March 2011, the band announced they would take a break.
Toivo Ovaska
Toivo Johannes Ovaska (18 December 1899 – 3 January 1966) was a Finnish speed skater who competed in the 1928 Winter Olympics.

He was born in Ruskeala, Karelia and died in Helsinki.

In 1928 he finished eleventh in the 500 metres event and 15th in the 1500 metres competition.

He also played football as a midfielder. He made four appearances for the Finland national team between 1926 and 1927.

Ruskeala
Ruskeala (Russian: Рускеала; Finnish: Ruskeala) is a rural locality (a settlement) under the administrative jurisdiction of the town of republic significance of Sortavala in the Republic of Karelia, Russia. Within the framework of municipal divisions, Ruskeala is a part of Kaalamskoye Rural Settlement in Sortavalsky Municipal District.

An international tourist route, Blue Highway (Norway-Sweden-Finland-Russia) goes through Ruskeala. There is also a regular tourist train operated by a steam locomotive named after the town that runs to Sortvala since 2019.
Love Is Love/Return to Dust
Love Is Love // Return to Dust is the debut album by the American hardcore punk band Code Orange Kids. The album was released on November 20, 2012 through Deathwish Inc. A music video for the song "Flowermouth (The Leech)" was released in October 2012.

The first pressing of the album, limited to 3,000 copies, sold out within the first few weeks of release.

Deathwish Inc.
Deathwish Inc. is an American independent record label conceived by Jacob Bannon of Converge and Tre McCarthy in 2000. Their first release was Deeper the Wound, a split album between Converge and Japanese band Hellchild on April 23, 2001. Deathwish established itself quickly, working with a diverse group of bands and eventually becoming one of the most respected and innovative labels in contemporary hardcore punk and aggressive music in general.

After having previously worked with RED Distribution, in March 2016, Deathwish signed a global deal with Alternative Distribution Alliance (ADA), an independent distribution label under Warner Music Group that has also partnered with other punk labels including Epitaph Records, Rise Records, and Run for Cover Records.

Deathwish, Inc. has also expanded into releasing exclusive archived prints from various artists, which include Jacob Bannon.
Braillard Point
Braillard Point (62°12′42″S 58°54′56″W﻿ / ﻿62.21153°S 58.91561°W﻿ / -62.21153; -58.91561) is a headland forming the northeast end of Ardley Island, off the southwest end of King George Island in the South Shetland Islands. It was charted and named by DI personnel on the Discovery II in 1935, for Able Seaman A. T. Braillard, a member of the crew in 1931–33 and 1933–35. The island has been designated an Antarctic Specially Protected Area (ASPA 150) because of the importance of its seabird colonies.

Antarctic Specially Protected Area
An Antarctic Specially Protected Area (ASPA) is an area on the continent of Antarctica, or on nearby islands, which is protected by scientists and several different international bodies. The protected areas were established in 1961 under the Antarctic Treaty System, which governs all the land and water south of 60 latitude and protects against human development. A permit is required for entry into any ASPA site. The ASPA sites are protected by the governments of Australia, New Zealand, United States, United Kingdom, Chile, France, Argentina, Poland, Russia, Norway, Japan, India, Italy, and Republic of Korea. There are currently 72 sites.
Karilyn
Karilyn is a given name that is a variation of Caroline. Notable people known by this name include the following:

Karilyn Bonilla Colón, Puerto Rican politician

Karilyn Brown (born 1947), American politician

Karilyn Pilch (born 1986), American ice hockey executive

Caroline (given name)
Caroline is a feminine given name, originally a French feminine form of the masculine name Charles. It has been in common use in the Anglosphere since the 1600s. The name was first used among upper class English families in honor of Charles I of England and his son Charles II of England. Common nicknames and variations include Callie, Cara,  Carol, Carole, Carolina, Carolyn, Carly, Carrie, and Caz.
Nodary
In physics and geometry, the nodary is the curve that is traced by the focus of a hyperbola as it rolls without slipping along the axis, a roulette curve.

The differential equation of the curve is:
.

Its parametric equation is:

where  is the elliptic modulus and  is the incomplete elliptic integral of the second kind and sn, cn and dn are Jacobi's elliptic functions.

The surface of revolution is the nodoid constant mean curvature surface.

Constant-mean-curvature surface
In differential geometry, constant-mean-curvature (CMC) surfaces are surfaces with constant mean curvature. This includes minimal surfaces as a subset, but typically they are treated as special case.

Note that these surfaces are generally different from constant Gaussian curvature surfaces, with the important exception of the sphere.
Kellen Nesbitt
Kellen Nesbitt (born c. 1984) is an American college football coach. He is the head football coach for Truman State University, a position he has held since 2024. He was a long-time assistant under his father, Gregg, from 2010 to 2023. He also coached and played college football for Central Missouri, playing as a defensive back.

Central Missouri Mules football
The Central Missouri Mules football program represents the University of Central Missouri in college football and competes in the NCAA Division II. In 1912, Central Missouri was a charter member of the Mid-America Intercollegiate Athletics Association (MIAA), and has remained in the league. UCM's home games are played at Audrey J. Walton Stadium in Warrensburg, Missouri.

Central Missouri's football program dates back to 1894, and has won eight conference championships, and appeared in the NCAA Division II playoffs twice in 2002, and 2010. Entering the 2015 season, Central Missouri's all-time record was 529–507–52.

The team is coached by Josh Lamberson.
Varva Raion
Varva Raion  (Ukrainian: Варвинський район) was a raion (district) of Chernihiv Oblast, northern Ukraine. Its administrative centre was located at the urban-type settlement of Varva. The raion was abolished on 18 July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Chernihiv Oblast to five. The area of Varva Raion was merged into Pryluky Raion. The last estimate of the raion population was 15,186 (2020 est.)

At the time of disestablishment, the raion consisted of one hromada, Varva settlement hromada with the administration in Varva.

Chernihiv Oblast
Chernihiv Oblast (Ukrainian: Чернігівська область, romanized: Chernihivska oblast), also referred to as Chernihivshchyna (Ukrainian: Чернігівщина), is an oblast (province) in northern Ukraine. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Chernihiv. There are 1,511 settlements in the oblast, with a total population of 959,315 (2022 estimate).
Aizu-Kawaguchi Station
Aizu-Kawaguchi Station (会津川口駅, Aizu-Kawaguchi-eki) is a railway station on the Tadami Line in the town of Kaneyama, Ōnuma District, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan, operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East).

Ōnuma District
Ōnuma (大沼郡, Ōnuma-gun) is a district of Fukushima Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2008, the district has an estimated population of 29,787 and a density of 34.2 persons per km2. Its total area is 870.51 square kilometres (336.11 sq mi).

It contains one village (Shōwa) and three towns: Aizumisato, Kaneyama, and Mishima.
East Sea Campaign
The East Sea and Spratly Islands Campaign (Vietnamese: Chiến dịch Trường Sa và các đảo trên Biển Đông) was a naval operation which took place during the closing days of the Vietnam War in April 1975. The operation took place on Spratly Islands and other islands in the South China Sea (known in Vietnam as the East Sea). Even though it had no significant impact on the final outcome of the war, the capture of certain South Vietnamese-held Spratly Islands (Trường Sa), and other islands on the southeastern coast of Vietnam by the Vietnam People's Navy (VPN) and the Viet Cong (VC) helped the Socialist Republic of Vietnam assert its sovereignty over the various groups of islands after the reunification of the country in 1975. The North Vietnamese objective was to capture all the islands under the occupation of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN), and it eventually ended in complete victory for the North Vietnamese.

Sand Cay
Sand Cay, also known as Bailan Island (Filipino: Pulo ng Bailan) and Son Ca Island (Vietnamese: Đảo Sơn Ca; Mandarin Chinese: 敦謙沙洲/敦谦沙洲; pinyin: Dūnqiān Shāzhōu), is a cay on the north edge of the Tizard Bank of the Spratly Islands in the South China Sea. With an natural area of 7 hectares (17 acres), it is the ninth largest, and the fourth largest Vietnamese-administered, of the Spratly Islands. The island has been occupied by Vietnam since 1974 (first by South Vietnam, then by the Socialist Republic of Vietnam after 1975). It is also claimed by China (PRC), the Philippines, Vietnam, and Taiwan (ROC).

According to reports for 2025, Vietnam expanded the island to 40 hectares with land reclaimed from the sea.