hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Naushehra Pannuan
Naushehra Pannuan is a large village located in the Tarn Taran district in the Indian State of Punjab. The village is believed to be the largest village of the Pannu Jatt Sikh clan. Naushehra holds a prominent position in Punjab state politics with a number of state politicians vying for candidacy in the Naushehra Constituency each year.

The village experienced violence during the military conflict between the Indian Government and Khalistani separatist groups in the 1980s.

Naushera, Punjab
Naushera (Punjabi and Urdu: نَوشہره), is a city and Tehsil (administrative subdivisions) in Khushab District, located in the Punjab Province of Pakistan.

It is the central hub of the Soon Valley, situated 55 kilometers (34 mi) from Khushab city, 62 kilometers from Talagang and 68 kilometers (42 mi) from Kallar Kahar and 100km from Sargodha Division. The town is surrounded by hills, lakes, forests, and natural pools offering a landscape of ancient civilisation, abundant natural resources, and fertile farmland. The surrounding hills rise to an average height of 2,500 feet, with several peaks exceeding 3,000 feet above sea level.
Gonatus fabricii
Gonatus fabricii, the Boreo-atlantic armhook squid, is a squid in the family Gonatidae. It occurs in the northern Atlantic Ocean from Canada to the Barents Sea.

Until 1981, the name G. fabricii was usually misapplied to the very similar relative G. steenstrupi.

Gonatus fabricii grows to 30 cm in mantle length.

The type specimen was collected off Greenland and is deposited at the Zoologisk Museum of Kobenhavns Universitet  in Copenhagen.

Mantle (mollusc)
The mantle (also known by the Latin word pallium meaning mantle, robe or cloak, adjective pallial) is a significant part of the anatomy of molluscs: it is the dorsal body wall which covers the visceral mass and usually protrudes in the form of flaps well beyond the visceral mass itself.

In many species of molluscs the epidermis of the mantle secretes calcium carbonate and conchiolin, and creates a shell. In sea slugs there is a progressive loss of the shell and the mantle becomes the dorsal surface of the animal.

The words mantle and pallium both originally meant ‘cloak’ or ‘cape’; see mantle (vesture). This anatomical structure in molluscs often resembles a cloak because in many groups the edges of the mantle, usually referred to as the mantle margin, extend far beyond the main part of the body, forming flaps, double-layered structures which have been adapted for many different uses, including for example, the siphon.
1999 Vuelta a Asturias
The 1999 Vuelta a Asturias was the 43rd edition of the Vuelta a Asturias road cycling stage race, which was held from 11 May to 16 May 1999. The race started in Gijón and finished in Oviedo. The race was won by Juan Carlos Domínguez of the Vitalicio Seguros team.

Oviedo
Oviedo (Spanish: [oˈβjeðo] ⓘ) or Uviéu (Asturian: [uˈβjew]) is the capital city of the Principality of Asturias in northern Spain and the administrative and commercial centre of the region. With a population of 220,027, it is also the 2nd-largest city in Asturias.

Oviedo is located approximately 24 km (15 mi) southwest of Gijón and 23 km (14 mi) southeast of Avilés, both of which lie on the shoreline of the Bay of Biscay. Oviedo's proximity to the ocean of less than 30 kilometres (19 mi) in combination with its elevated position with areas of the city more than 300 metres above sea level causes the city to have a maritime climate, even though it does not sit directly on the shore.
Special Tiara
Special Tiara (31 March 2007 – 2 February 2019) was a British-bred, Irish-trained Thoroughbred racehorse who competed in National Hunt races. He specialised in steeplechases over the minimum distance of two miles and was a confirmed front-runner who usually attempted to lead from the start. He scored his first major success in 2013 when he won the Maghull Novices' Chase and went on to win the Celebration Chase in 2015 and two editions of the Desert Orchid Chase. In March 2017 he recorded his biggest success when he took the Queen Mother Champion Chase at the fourth attempt. He was euthanized after sustaining an injury in the 2019 Dublin Chase at Leopardstown.

Maghull Novices' Chase
The Maghull Novices' Chase is a Grade 1 National Hunt steeplechase in Great Britain which is open to horses aged five years or older. It is run at Aintree over a distance of about 2 miles (1 mile 7 furlong and 176 yards, or 3,178 metres), and during its running there are twelve fences to be jumped. The race is for novice chasers, and it is scheduled to take place each year during the Grand National meeting in early April.

The event was established in 1954, and it has been known by various titles. It is currently named after Maghull, a town located to the north of Aintree. For a period the race was classed at Grade 2 level, and it was promoted to Grade 1 status in 1995.

The Maghull Novices' Chase usually features horses which ran previously in the Arkle Challenge Trophy, and the last to win both events was Shishkin in 2021.
2018 Horizon League men's soccer tournament
The 2018 Horizon League men's soccer tournament was the 31st edition of the tournament. The tournament will decide the Horizon League champion and guaranteed representative into the 2018 NCAA Division I Men's Soccer Championship.  The tournament will be begin on November 5 and conclude on November 10.

UIC are the defending champions.

UIC successfully defended their championship, beating Wright State 3–1 in the final.

UIC Flames men's soccer
The UIC Flames men's soccer team represents the University of Illinois at Chicago in all NCAA Division I men's college soccer competitions. The Flames previously played in the Horizon League, but moved to the Missouri Valley Conference on July 1, 2022.
Apoera
Apoera, also Apura, is a town in western Suriname. The village has a population of 777 people as of 2020. It owns the community of Tropica. It is the final destination of the Southern East-West Link. 24 kilometres (15 mi) north-west on the other side of the Courantyne River lies the Guyanese village of Orealla. The village is home to the Lokono tribe, but has been westernized. Due to the influx of people of Guyana, the languages used are English, and Sranan Tongo. Dutch is rarely spoken and the native language has all but disappeared. According to the oral tradition, Apoera was founded around 1920 by the Gordon family.

Sranan Tongo
Sranan Tongo (Sranantongo, "Surinamese tongue", Sranan, Surinamese Creole) is an English-based creole language from Suriname, in South America, where it is the first or second language for 519,600 Surinamese people (approximately 80% of the population). It is also spoken in the Netherlands and across the Surinamese diaspora. It is considered both an unofficial national language and a lingua franca.

Sranan Tongo developed among enslaved Africans from Central and West Africa, especially along the Caribbean coastline, after contact with English planters and indentured workers from 1651–67. Its use expanded to the Dutch colonists who took over the territory in 1667 and decided to maintain the local language as a lingua franca. Because the number of English colonists was massively reduced following the arrival of the Dutch, later additions to the language and the presence of African influences have made it distinct from other Afro-Caribbean creoles based on English.
Cabo Corrientes, Jalisco
Cabo Corrientes is a cape on the Pacific coast of the Mexican state of Jalisco. It marks the southernmost point of the Bahía de Banderas (Bay of Flags), upon which the port and resort city of Puerto Vallarta stands. The municipality in which the cape lies is also called Cabo Corrientes.

Cabo Corrientes is a prominent navigational landmark, featured on the earliest cartography of the region.  Cruising sailors often refer to it as Mexico's Point Conception.

Cruising (maritime)
Cruising is a maritime activity that involves staying aboard a watercraft for extended periods of time when the vessel is traveling on water at a steady speed. Cruising generally refers to leisurely trips on yachts and luxury cruiseships, with durations varying from day-trips to months-long round-the-world voyages.
Montezuma, North Carolina
Montezuma is an unincorporated community in Avery County, North Carolina, United States. Before its founding in 1883, it had two variant names, Aaron and Bull Scrape.  The community is located on Old State Highway 181 and is on the Eastern Continental Divide.

Eastern Continental Divide
The Eastern Continental Divide, Eastern Divide or Appalachian Divide is a hydrological divide in eastern North America that separates the easterly Atlantic Seaboard watershed from the westerly Gulf of Mexico watershed.  It is one of six continental hydrological divides of North America which define several drainage basins, each of which drains to a particular body of water.

The divide nearly spans the United States from south of Lake Ontario through the Florida peninsula, and consists of raised terrain including the Appalachian Mountains to the north, the southern Piedmont Plateau and lowland ridges in the Atlantic Coastal Plain to the south.
Kuggen
Kuggen (Swedish for 'the (cogwheel) cog') is a building owned by real estate company Chalmersfastigheter as part of Chalmers University of Technology in Gothenburg, Sweden. It was designed by Wingårdh arkitektkontor. Construction started in October 2010 and completed in March 2011. The building is located on the Lindholmen campus and is connected to the neighboring buildings Jupiter and Science Park by two walkways on the first floor. The Kuggen building serves as an academic link between Lindholmen and companies in fields such as mobile data communications and media design.

Campus
A campus traditionally refers to the land and buildings of a college or university. This will often include libraries, lecture halls, student centers and, for residential universities, residence halls and dining halls.

By extension, a corporate campus is a collection of buildings and grounds that belong to a company, particularly in the technology sector. Examples include Bell Labs, the Googleplex and Apple Park.
Daouda Badarou
Daouda Badarou (7 January 1929 – 31 January 2022) was a Beninese surgeon, politician and diplomat. He was Minister of Public Health and Social Affairs of Dahomey (now Benin) from 1965 to 1967, then Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1968 to 1969 and again from 1970 to 1971. He served as Ambassador to France from 1971 to 1972.

Badarou died on 31 January 2022, at the age of 93.

National Order of Benin
The National Order of Benin (French: Ordre National du Bénin) is the highest national honour in the Republic of Benin. It is conferred on individuals that have achieved high merits in their field, and is awarded by the President of Benin. It is one of two post-colonial national medals of Benin, the other being the Medal of Honor of the Police. Recipients of this award include Aliko Dangote, President Dr. Ernest Bai Koroma, and Bunmi Makinwa.
Forest Gate railway station
Forest Gate railway station is on the Great Eastern Main Line serving Forest Gate in the London Borough of Newham, east London. It is 5 miles 21 chains (8.5 km) down the line from London Liverpool Street and is situated between Maryland and Manor Park. Its three-letter station code is FOG and it is in London fare zone 3.

The station was opened in 1840 by the Eastern Counties Railway. It is managed and served by the Elizabeth line.

British Rail Class 345
The British Rail Class 345 Aventra is a fleet of electric multiple unit passenger trains built by Bombardier Transportation (now Alstom) for use on London's Elizabeth line. Part of Bombardier's Aventra family of trains, the contract for their delivery was awarded as part of the Crossrail project in February 2014. A total of 70 nine-car units – each able to carry 1,500 passengers – were constructed in Derby between 2015 and 2019, at a cost of over £1 billion. The first unit entered service on 22 June 2017.

A further ten units were ordered in June 2024, for delivery in 2026, which will take the total fleet size to 80.
The Hunger Pains
The Hunger Pains  is a 2012 novel by The Harvard Lampoon and a parody of Suzanne Collins's The Hunger Games. It was first published on February 7, 2012, through Touchstone Books, and a cinematic book trailer was released in March of the same year.

Suzanne Collins
Suzanne Collins (born August 10, 1962) is an American author and television writer who is best known as the author of the young adult dystopian book series The Hunger Games. She is also the author of the children's fantasy series The Underland Chronicles.
Pugong
Pugong (19 March 1904 – c. 1960s), born as Pujian, also referred to as P'u Kuang and Ali, was a Manchu prince of the Qing dynasty. He was the son of Zaixun and a cousin of Puyi, the Last Emperor of China, and a great-grandson of the Daoguang Emperor.

His first marriage was to Lady Chahala, daughter of Vice Minister Zeng Chong. The marriage ended in divorce in 1934 without issue.

He married a second time to Huang Yongni (黃詠霓), an ethnic Hui Beijing opera actress who is better known by her stage name Xue Yanqin (雪艷琴). Soon after the marriage, he converted to Islam, renounced his royal status and took the Islamic name Ali. The marriage produced one son and three daughters. Pugong was devout in his new faith, strictly abided to Islamic precepts, and often went to the Xidan Mosque to participate in prayer. He was present at the opening of the Tokyo Mosque in 1938.

His son, Huang Shixiang, who adopted his mother's family name "Huang", is also a prominent Beijing opera actor.

Daoguang Emperor
The Daoguang Emperor (16 September 1782 – 26 February 1850), also known by his temple name Emperor Xuanzong of Qing, personal name Minning, was the seventh emperor of the Qing dynasty, and the sixth Qing emperor to rule over China proper. His reign was marked by "external disaster and internal rebellion". These include the First Opium War and the beginning of the Taiping Rebellion which nearly brought down the dynasty. The historian Jonathan Spence characterizes the Daoguang Emperor as a "well meaning but ineffective man" who promoted officials who "presented a purist view even if they had nothing to say about the domestic and foreign problems surrounding the dynasty".
Juha Alén
Juha Alén (born October 25, 1981) is a Finnish former professional ice hockey player. He played in the SM-liiga for Ilves, Espoo Blues Lukko and Lukko and also played in the American Hockey League for the Cincinnati Mighty Ducks, the Swedish HockeyAllsvenskan for Mora IK and the Austrian Hockey League for Hungarian side Alba Volán Székesfehérvár.  He was drafted 90th overall by the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim in the 2003 NHL Entry Draft.

Cincinnati Mighty Ducks
The Cincinnati Mighty Ducks were a professional ice hockey team based in Cincinnati, Ohio. They were members of the American Hockey League, and played their home games at the Cincinnati Gardens. Throughout their existence they were the primary minor league affiliate of the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim of the National Hockey League, with a three-year shared affiliation with the Detroit Red Wings.
Wong Chin-chu
Wong Chin-chu (Chinese: 翁金珠; pinyin: Wēng Jīnzhū; Wade–Giles: Wōng Chīn-chū; born 31 January 1947) is a Taiwanese educator and politician. She was a member of the Legislative Yuan from 1993 to 2001. Wong stepped down in the midst of her third term, as she was elected magistrate of Changhua County later that year. She served as magistrate until 2005. In 2007, Wong was named the minister of the Council for Cultural Affairs, a position she left in 2008 to be reelected to the legislature.

Changhua County
Changhua (Wade-Giles: Chang¹-hua⁴) is a county of Taiwan, that is the smallest on the main island of Taiwan by area, and the fourth smallest in the country. With a total population of 1.24 million, Changhua County is the most populous county in the Republic of China. Its capital is Changhua City and it is part of the Taichung–Changhua metropolitan area.
Cambarus williami
Cambarus williami, the Brawleys Fork crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is endemic to Tennessee.

The IUCN conservation status of Cambarus williami is "NT", near threatened. The species may be considered threatened in the near future. The IUCN status was reviewed in 2010.

Crayfish
Crayfish are freshwater crustaceans belonging to the infraorder Astacidea, which also contains lobsters. Taxonomically, they are members of the superfamilies Astacoidea and Parastacoidea. They breathe through feather-like gills. Some species are found in brooks and streams, where  fresh water is running, while others thrive in swamps, ditches, and paddy fields. Most crayfish cannot tolerate polluted water, although some species, such as Procambarus clarkii, are hardier. Crayfish feed on animals and plants, either living or decomposing, and detritus.

The term "crayfish" is applied to saltwater species in some countries.
2002 Norwegian First Division
The 2002 1. divisjon, Norway's second-tier football league, began play on 14 April 2002 and ended on 27 October 2002. The league was contested by 16 teams, and the top two teams won promotion to Tippeligaen, while the third placed played a promotion-playoff against the 12th-placed team in Tippeligaen to win promotion. The bottom four teams were relegated to the 2. divisjon.

Tromsø and Aalesund won promotion to Tippeligaen, while Ham-Kam lost the promotion-playoff against Bryne. Åsane, Tromsdalen, Lørenskog and Tollnes was relegated to the 2. divisjon.

Norwegian Second Division
The Norwegian Second Division, also called 2. divisjon is the third-highest level of the Norwegian football league system.

There are 28 teams divided into two groups, and at the end of the season the winner of each group earns promotion to the second-highest division, 1. divisjon. The teams finishing in second place in their respective group will qualify for the promotion play-offs, where they will face each other. The winner will play against the 14th placed team in 1. divisjon for promotion. The bottom three teams in each group are relegated to 3. divisjon.

2. divisjon is the highest league a reserve team can participate in, and only reserve teams from the Eliteserien clubs (first tier) are allowed to enter. The participation of reserve teams stirs debate from time to time.
1815 Georgia gubernatorial election
The 1815 Georgia gubernatorial election was held on November 20, 1815, in order to elect the Governor of Georgia. Democratic-Republican candidate and former Governor David Brydie Mitchell defeated fellow Democratic-Republican candidate and incumbent Governor Peter Early, Democratic-Republican candidate and former Governor Jared Irwin and Democratic-Republican candidate John Clark in a Georgia General Assembly vote.

Jared Irwin
Jared Irwin (1750 – March 1, 1818) served twice as elected Governor of Georgia (1796–1798) and (1806–1809).  He first was elected to office as a reformer based on public outrage about the Yazoo land scandal. He signed a bill that nullified the Yazoo Act, which had authorized the land sales.  Challenges to land claims purchased under the former act led to the United States Supreme Court's hearing the case Fletcher v. Peck (1810). In a landmark decision, the Court upheld the land contracts, and ruled that the state law was unconstitutional in trying to nullify valid contracts.
Business triage
Business triage is a decision-making system that provides a framework for business decision making, outcome goal prioritization, and resource allocation in many business environments. Business triage involves categorizing desired outcomes and goals and the processes that support them based on their relative importance to achieving a stated measurable goal or outcome. Using  the same triage categories employed by military medical and disaster medical services, business processes are categorized as essential/critical (red) important/urgent (yellow), or optional/supportive (green).

In a business triage model, resources are allocated based on the outcome/goal and process category/rank, with resources first dedicated to red, then yellow, and finally green categories. In the event that resources become limited, resources are first withheld from green, then yellow categories. Resources are only withheld from red categories if failure to achieve outcomes/goals is acceptable.

Decision-making
In psychology, decision-making (also spelled decision making and decisionmaking) is regarded as the cognitive process resulting in the selection of a belief or a course of action among several possible alternative options. It could be either rational or irrational. The decision-making process is a reasoning process based on assumptions of values, preferences and beliefs of the decision-maker. Every decision-making process produces a final choice, which may or may not prompt action.

Research about decision-making is also published under the label problem solving, particularly in European psychological research.
Rachevo
Rachevo (Russian: Рачево) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Rachevo, Perm Krai, a village in Karagaysky District of Perm Krai

Rachevo, Pskov Oblast, a village in Pechorsky District of Pskov Oblast

Rachevo, Tver Oblast, a selo in Nivskoye Rural Settlement of Krasnokholmsky District of Tver Oblast

Perm Krai
Perm Krai (Russian: Пе́рмский край, romanized: Permskiy kray, IPA: [ˈpʲɛrmskʲɪj ˈkraj]; Komi-Permyak: Перем ладор, romanized: Perem lador) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai), located in Eastern Europe. Its administrative center is Perm. The population of the krai was 2,532,405 (2021 Census).

The krai was formed on 1 December 2005 as a result of the 2004 referendum on the merger of Perm Oblast and Komi-Permyak Autonomous Okrug. Komi-Permyak Okrug retained its autonomous status within Perm Krai during the transitional period of 2006–2008. It also retained a budget separate from that of the krai, keeping all federal transfers. Starting in 2009, Komi-Permyak Okrug's budget became subject to the budgeting law of Perm Krai. The transitional period was implemented in part because Komi-Permyak Okrug relied heavily on federal subsidies, and an abrupt cut would have been detrimental to its economy.

The final period of the Paleozoic era, the Permian, is named after the Perm region.
Bertha Kalich
Bertha Kalich (also spelled Kalish, born Beylke Kalakh; 17 May 1874 – 18 April 1939) was a Jewish-American actress. Though she was well-established as an entertainer in Eastern Europe, she is best remembered as one of the several "larger-than-life" figures that dominated New York stages during the "Golden Age" of American Yiddish Theatre during the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. Historians estimate that, during her career, Kalich performed more than 125 different roles in seven different languages.

James Vincent (director)
James Vincent (July 19, 1882 – July 12, 1957) was an American actor and film director of the silent era. He appeared in 23 films between 1910 and 1951, and directed 18 films from 1915 to 1931.

Born in Springfield, Massachusetts, Vincent studied drama and oratory before he became a leading man in stock theater productions. On Broadway, Vincent appeared in The Ragged Earl (1899), The Last of the Rohans (1899), From Broadway to the Bowery (1907), The Man Who Stood Still (1908), The Letter (1927), Insult (1930), Criminal at Large (1932), and Alien Corn (1933). He was stage manager for the Broadway plays The Age of Innocence (1928), Lucrece (1932), and Alien Corn (1933).

Film companies for which Vincent directed included Kalem, Sterling, Cort, and Pathe. He was president of the Motion Picture Directors Association in 1920. Immediately before he retired, he was a dialogue director.

Vincent died in Metropolitan Hospital in New York City on July 12, 1957, aged 74.