hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vytautas military district
Vytautas military district (also Vytautas partisan military district) is a military district of Lithuanian partisans which operated in 1945–1951 in the counties of Švenčionys, Utena and Rokiškis. It is named after the Grand Duke of Lithuania Vytautas.

Utena, Lithuania
Utena (pronunciationⓘ) is a city in north-east Lithuania. It is the administrative center of Utena district and Utena County. Utena is one of the oldest settlements of Lithuania. The name of the city is most probably derived from a hydronym. The name of the settlement has been known since 1261.

Utena is an industrial city. It is known for its clothing, food and beverage factories. In recent years, however, streets, public squares and large areas of the parks in the city were reconstructed and Utena is now more attractive for recreation and tourism.

The anniversary of Utena City had been held each year on the last weekend of September. Since 2013 the anniversary has been held on the first weekend of September to take advantage of better weather conditions.
Margaret Douglas, Countess of Lennox
Margaret Douglas, Countess of Lennox (8 October 1515 – 7 March 1578), born Lady Margaret Douglas, was the daughter of the Scottish queen dowager Margaret Tudor and her second husband Archibald Douglas, 6th Earl of Angus, and thus the granddaughter of King Henry VII of England and the half-sister of King James V. She was the grandmother of King James VI and I.

In her youth she was high in the favour of her uncle, Henry VIII, but later incurred his anger for her unauthorised engagement to Lord Thomas Howard, who died imprisoned in the Tower of London in 1537. In 1544, she married Scottish nobleman Matthew Stewart, 4th Earl of Lennox. Her son Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, married her niece Mary, Queen of Scots, and was the father of James VI and I.

Queen dowager
A queen dowager or dowager queen (compare: princess dowager or dowager princess) is a title or status generally held by the widow of a king. In the case of the widow of an emperor, the title of empress dowager is used. Its full meaning is clear from the two words from which it is composed: queen indicates someone who served as queen consort (i.e. wife of a king), while dowager indicates a woman who continues to hold the title from her deceased husband (a queen who reigns in her own right is a queen regnant). A queen mother is a former queen consort, often a dowager queen, who is the mother of the reigning monarch.

As of 2025, there are three queens dowager: Kesang Choden of Bhutan (who is the only living queen grandmother worldwide), Norodom Monineath of Cambodia (who is also queen mother), and Lisa Najeeb Halaby (Noor Al'Hussein) of Jordan.
Janis (1993 album)
Janis is a compilation album by Janis Joplin, released in 1993. The album features a broad overview of her career from her first recording in December 1962 to the last songs that she recorded during the sessions for Pearl just a few days before her death in October 1970.

Me and Bobby McGee
"Me and Bobby McGee" is a song written by American singer-songwriter Kris Kristofferson and originally performed by Roger Miller. Fred Foster shares the writing credit, as Kristofferson wrote the song based on a suggestion from Foster. A posthumously released version by Janis Joplin topped the Billboard Hot 100 in 1971, making the song the second posthumously released No. 1 single in U.S. chart history after "(Sittin' On) The Dock of the Bay" by Otis Redding. Gordon Lightfoot had previously released a version that reached number 1 on the Canadian country charts in 1970. Jerry Lee Lewis released a version that was number 1 on the country charts in December 1971/January 1972 as the "B" side of "Would You Take Another Chance on Me". Billboard ranked Joplin's version as the No. 11 song for 1971.

In 2002, the 1971 version of the song by Janis Joplin on Columbia Records was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame.
2008 Grand Prix Hassan II – Doubles
Jordan Kerr and David Škoch were the defending champions. They were both present but did not compete together.
Kerr partnered with František Čermák, but lost in the first round to Guillermo Coria and Jean-Julien Rojer.
Skoch partnered with Jaroslav Levinský, but lost in the quarterfinals to Florian Mayer and Rainer Schüttler.

Albert Montañés and Santiago Ventura won in the final 6–1, 6–2, against James Cerretani and Todd Perry.

Rainer Schüttler
Rainer Schüttler (German pronunciation: [ˈraɪnɐ ˈʃʏtlɐ]; born 25 April 1976) is a German former professional tennis player. Schüttler was the runner-up at the 2003 Australian Open and a semifinalist at the 2008 Wimbledon Championships. He won an Olympic silver medal in doubles at the 2004 Athens Olympics, and achieved a career-high ranking of world No. 5 in April 2004.
Black Society for Salvation
The Black Society for Salvation (Albanian: Shoqëria e zezë për shpëtim) was a secret Albanian nationalist society established in 1909. Its main task was to organize uprisings in southern Albania and Macedonia struggling for the unification of the four Ottoman vilayets with the substantial Albanian population (Kosovo Vilayet, Scutari Vilayet, Monastir Vilayet and Janina Vilayet) into one autonomous political unit with its own government and parliament. The members of the society considered the armed rebellions as legitimate means for achieving their aims.

Korçë
Korçë (pronounced [ˈkɔɾtʃə]; Albanian definite form: Korça) is the eighth most populous city of Albania and the seat of Korçë County and Korçë Municipality. The total population of the city is 51,152 and 75,994 of Korçë municipality (2011 census), in a total area of 806 km2 (311 sq mi). It stands on a plateau some 850 m (2,789 ft) above sea level, surrounded by the Morava Mountains.

The area of the Old Bazaar, including Mirahori Mosque, is considered as the urban core of the city. Founded by the local Ottoman Albanian nobleman Ilias Bey Mirahori, the urban area of Korçë dates back to the late 15th century and the beginning of the 16th century, however its actual physiognomy was realized in the 19th century, during a period that corresponds with the rapid growth and development of the city. The Old Bazaar has played a dominant role in Albania's market history. Korçë is the largest city of eastern Albania and an important cultural and industrial centre.
Chinese Canadians in the Greater Toronto Area
The Chinese Canadian community in the Greater Toronto Area was first established around 1877, with an initial population of two laundry owners. While the Chinese Canadian population was initially small in size, it dramatically grew beginning in the late 1960s due to changes in immigration law and political issues in Hong Kong. Additional immigration from Southeast Asia in the aftermath of the Vietnam War and related conflicts and a late 20th century wave of Hong Kong immigration led to the further development of Chinese ethnic enclaves in the Greater Toronto Area. The Chinese established many large shopping centres in suburban areas catering to their ethnic group. There are 679,725 Chinese in the Greater Toronto Area as of the 2021 census, second only to New York City for largest Chinese community in North America.

Olivia Chow was the first Chinese-Canadian mayor of Toronto following the 2023 Toronto mayoral by-election.

Regional Municipality of York
The Regional Municipality of York, also called York Region, is a regional municipality in Southern Ontario, Canada, between Lake Simcoe and Toronto. The region was established after the passing of then Bill 102, An Act to Establish The Regional Municipality of York, in 1970. It replaced the former York County in 1971, and is part of the Greater Toronto Area and the inner ring of the Golden Horseshoe. The regional government is headquartered in Newmarket.

As of the 2021 census, York Region's population was 1,173,334, with a growth rate of 5.7% from 2016. The Government of Ontario expects its population to surpass 1.5 million residents by 2031.  The three largest cities in York Region are Markham, Vaughan and Richmond Hill.
Schwoich
Schwoich is a municipality in the Kufstein district in the Austrian state of Tyrol located 5.50 km south of Kufstein on the southern bank of the Inn River. The village has nine hamlets. Settlement of the area began in the 6th century but the community was mentioned for the first time as "Swiuch / Schweng" in 1280.

The area became famous because of a large deposit of blueberries. Other important sources of income are cement industry and tourism (particularly associated with sport activities).

The municipality is a member of the Kufsteinerland Tourism Association.

Blueberry
Blueberries are a widely distributed and widespread group of perennial flowering plants with blue or purple berries. They are classified in the section Cyanococcus within the genus Vaccinium. Commercial blueberries—both wild (lowbush) and cultivated (highbush)—are all native to North America. The highbush varieties were introduced into Europe during the 1930s.

Blueberries are usually prostrate shrubs that can vary in size from 10 centimeters (4 inches) to 4 meters (13 feet) in height. In the commercial production of blueberries, the species with small, pea-size berries growing on low-level bushes is known as "lowbush blueberries" (synonymous with "wild"), while the species with larger berries growing on taller, cultivated bushes is known as "highbush blueberries". In 2024, Canada was the leading producer of lowbush blueberries, while the United States produced 29% of the world's supply of highbush blueberries.
Prabhakar More (politician)
Prabhakar Sundarrao More was an Indian politician. He was elected to the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly from Mahad in the 1990, 1995, 1999 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election as a member of Shiv Sena.

1995 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election
Assembly elections 1995 was held in Maharashtra, India in two phases on February 12, 1995, and  March 9, 1995. Election results were declared on March 13, 1995. The major parties were Bharatiya Janata Party - Shiv Sena Yuti (alliance) against the Congress.
1985 Barrie tornado
On Friday, May 31, 1985, a short-lived, but devastating and violent F4 tornado affected the City of Barrie, Ontario, Canada. The tornado was part of a larger outbreak that spanned both the preceding and the following day. The outbreak spawned several long-lived, cyclic, tornado-producing supercells over portions of Eastern Canada and the Great Lakes region of the Midwestern and Northeastern United States, one of which eventually generated the tornado.

Storm Data
Storm Data and Unusual Weather Phenomena (SD) is a monthly NOAA publication with comprehensive listings and detailed summaries of severe weather occurrences in the United States. Included is information on tornadoes, high wind events, hail, lightning, floods and flash floods, tropical cyclones (hurricanes), ice storms, snow, extreme temperatures such as heat waves and cold waves, droughts, and wildfires. Photographs of weather and attendant damage are used as much as possible. Maps of significant weather are also included.
Biaggi
Biaggi is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alessandra Biaggi (born 1986), American politician

Federico Biaggi (born 1987), Italian motorcycle racer

Ingrid Vila Biaggi (born 1974), Puerto Rican engineer

Mario Biaggi (1917–2015), American politician and police officer

Max Biaggi (born 1971), Italian motorcycle racer

Olivier Biaggi (born 1971), Swiss football player

Virgilio Biaggi (1913–2007), Puerto Rican ornithologist and professor of biology

Alessandra Biaggi
Alessandra Rose Biaggi (born May 20, 1986) is an American politician from the state of New York. Biaggi is the granddaughter of former U.S. Congressman Mario Biaggi.

A progressive Democrat, Biaggi served as a member of the New York State Senate from 2019 to 2022, representing the 34th district. The district included portions of Bronx and Westchester Counties. Biaggi was first elected to the State Senate in 2018 after she upset longtime Senator Jeffrey D. Klein in the Democratic primary. She chaired the New York State Senate Committee on Ethics and Internal Governance. Biaggi is notable for her advocacy for survivors of sexual misconduct.

In 2022, Biaggi ran for Congress in New York's 17th congressional district, where she was defeated by incumbent Rep. Sean Patrick Maloney in the Democratic primary.
Leonard Hatfield
Leonard Fraser Hatfield , DD (1 October 1919 - 14 September 2001) was a Canadian Anglican bishop and author in the 20th century.

Hatfield was educated at Dalhousie University and ordained in 1943.
He served at Halifax (Cathedral Church of All Saints), Antigonish (Christ Church), Dartmouth (St. Anthony's) and Truro (St John's) -all in Nova Scotia. He was bishop suffragan of Nova Scotia from 1976; bishop coadjutor from 1979 and its diocesan  until 1984. He retired in September 1984.

Diocese of Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island
The Diocese of Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island is a diocese of the Ecclesiastical Province of Canada of the Anglican Church of Canada. It encompasses the provinces of Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island and has two cathedrals: All Saints' in Halifax and St. Peter's in Charlottetown. Its de facto see city is Halifax (where the synod offices are located), and its roughly 24 400 Anglicans distributed in 239 congregations are served by approximately 153 clergy and 330 lay readers according to the last available data. According to the 2001 census, 120,315 Nova Scotians identified themselves as Anglicans (13% of the province's population), while 6525 Prince Edward Islanders did the same.
The Daily Squib
The Daily Squib is a British satirical online publication created by satire writer Aur Esenbel, that was officially launched on April Fool's Day, 2007. Its coverage extends across world politics, science, technology, business, sports and health.

Norman Lamont
Norman Stewart Hughson Lamont, Baron Lamont of Lerwick, PC (born 8 May 1942) is a British politician and former Conservative MP for Kingston-upon-Thames. He served as Chancellor of the Exchequer from 1990 until 1993. He was created a life peer in 1998. Lamont was a supporter of the Eurosceptic organisation Leave Means Leave.
Piyong Temjen Jamir
Padma Shri Piyong Temjen Jamir (10 June 1934 – 12 June 2021) was a noted Hindi scholar and littérateur from Longsa village under Mokokchung district in Nagaland state of India. He was conferred the Padma Sri honour by the President of India, Ram Nath Kovind, in 2018 for the promotion of Hindi language and social work.

Mokokchung
Mokokchung (/ˌməʊkɒktʃʌŋ/) is a municipality in the Mokokchung District of the Indian state of Nagaland. It serves as the district headquarters as well as the main urban hub of Mokokchung District. Mokokchung is the cultural nerve centre of the Ao people and is economically and politically the most important urban centre in northern Nagaland. The town is made up of 16 wards, of which Kumlong, Sangtemla, Alempang and Yimyu are the largest.
Emam school
The Emam school is a historical school in Kashan, Iran. The school belongs to the Fath Ali Shah's era.

The Emam school was built between 1806 and 1814 on the order of Hossein Khan Sadr-e Azam and under the supervision of Mirza Abolghassem Esfahani. The portal of the school has beautiful tiles. Its vast courtyard is rectangular and there are 52 chambers around it. On the northern and southern sides of the courtyard, there are two large halls for teaching and discussing of seminarians. Each hall has a separate corridor, which leads to backyard. Each backyard has three chambers with basement and high windcatchers. On the west side of the yard and opposite the portal, there is a vast splendid iwan. From the inscription on the ceiling of the iwan to its floor, it is decorated with Haft-rang tiles. The brick dome of the mosque is two-layered. The inside layer of the dome is 27 m high.

Iwan
An iwan (Persian: ایوان, eyvān, also romanized as ivan or ivān/īvān, Arabic: إيوان, ’īwān) is a rectangular hall or space, usually vaulted, walled on three sides, with one end entirely open. The formal gateway to the iwan is called pishtaq, a Persian term for a portal projecting from the facade of a building, usually decorated with calligraphy bands, glazed tilework, and geometric designs. Since the definition allows for some interpretation, the overall forms and characteristics can vary greatly in terms of scale, material, or decoration.

Iwans are most commonly associated with Islamic architecture; however, the form is pre-Islamic Iranian in origin and was invented much earlier and fully developed in Mesopotamia around the third century CE, during the Parthian period.
Apollonius of Egypt
Apollonius (Ancient Greek: Άπολλώνιος), a native of Egypt, was a writer who is referred to by Theophilus of Antioch as an authority respecting various opinions upon the age of the world.

Whether he is the same as the Apollonius from whom Athenaeus quotes a passage concerning the symposia of the ancient Egyptians, is uncertain. The number of persons of the name of Apollonius, who were natives of Egypt, is so great that unless some other distinguishing epithet is added, it is impossible to say who they were. An Apollonius, an Egyptian, is mentioned as a soothsayer, who prophesied the death of Caligula.

Athenaeus
Athenaeus of Naucratis (/ˌæθəˈniːəs/; Ancient Greek: Ἀθήναιος ὁ Nαυκρατίτης or Nαυκράτιος, Athēnaios Naukratitēs or Naukratios; Latin: Athenaeus Naucratita) was an ancient Greek rhetorician and grammarian, flourishing about the end of the 2nd and beginning of the 3rd century AD. The Suda says only that he lived in the times of Marcus Aurelius, but the contempt with which he speaks of Commodus, who died in 192, implies that he survived that emperor. He was a contemporary of Adrantus.

Athenaeus himself states that he was the author of a treatise on the thratta, a type of fish mentioned by Archippus and other comic poets, and of a history of the Syrian kings. Both works are lost. Of his works, only the fifteen-volume Deipnosophistae mostly survives.
Olfa Youssef
Olfa Youssef is a Tunisian university professor and a writer specializing in Arabic linguistics, psychoanalysis and Applied Islamic Studies. Her publications deal with themes related to Islam, the Quran, the place of women in Islam, religious freedom and cross-religious dialogue.

Tunisians
Tunisians (Arabic: تونسيون, romanized: Tūnisiyyūn) are the citizens and nationals of Tunisia in North Africa, who speak Tunisian Arabic and share a common Tunisian culture and identity. In addition to the approximately 12 million residents in Tunisia, a Tunisian diaspora has been established with modern migration, particularly in Western Europe, namely France, Italy and Germany. The vast majority of Tunisians are Arabs who adhere to Sunni Islam.
2017 social unrest in French Guiana
The 2017 social unrest in French Guiana was a series of protests and strikes led by the "Collective of 500 Brothers" to highlight the issues of insecurity and infrastructure in French Guiana, France. It began on March 20, 2017 in Kourou, and spread all over French Guiana within a few days. Several international rocket and satellite launches were postponed, and March 28 saw the largest demonstration ever held in French Guiana.

The protesters asked for more resources, and turned down a government pledge of 1€ billion in infrastructure. Demonstrators, led by the 500 Brothers, demanded $2.5 billion in aid. Labor union leaders and three local politicians occupied the Guiana Space Centre on April 4–5, 2017. Supermarkets no longer sold fresh products due to road blocks in April 2017. The strikes became an issue in the 2017 French presidential election.

Prefectures in France
In France, a prefecture (French: préfecture, pronounced [pʁefɛktyʁ] ⓘ) may be:

the chef-lieu de département, the commune in which the administration of a department is located;

the chef-lieu de région, the commune in which the administration of a region is located;

the jurisdiction of a prefecture;

the official residence or headquarters of a prefect.

Although the administration of departments and regions is distinct, a regional prefect is ex officio prefect of the department in which the regional prefecture is located. The officeholder has authority upon the other prefects in the region on a range of matters.
Phyllodonta esperanza
Phyllodonta esperanza is a moth in the family Geometridae first described by J. Bolling Sullivan in 2014. It is found in the Talamancas and Central Volcanic and Tilarán ranges in Costa Rica, possibly extending into the other Costa Rican mountain ranges and northern Panama. It has been collected at elevations above 1,200 meters.

The length of the forewings is 20–26 mm for males and 25–27 mm for females. The forewings are warm brown with prominent undulating antemedial and postmedial lines. Both lines are black edged with lighter grayish scales proximally. There is black scaling distal to the reniform spot at the costa, forming a diffuse line parallel to the antemedial line. The reniform spot is small, black and forms a center of a gray circle. The hindwings have a prominent postmedial line, the margin with a submedial notch. Adults are on wing year round.

Geography of Costa Rica
Costa Rica is located on the Central American Isthmus, surrounding the point 10° north of the equator and 84° west of the prime meridian. It has 212 km of Caribbean Sea coastline and 1,016 on the North Pacific Ocean.

The area of Costa Rica, including its islands, covers 51,179.92 km2 (19,760.68 sq mi) of which 40 km2 (15 sq mi) is water. It is slightly smaller than Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Wittner
Wittner is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Lawrence S. Wittner (born 1941), American historian

Mária Wittner (1937–2022), Hungarian revolutionary and politician

Markus Wittner (born 1973), Austrian freestyle skier

Meg Wittner (born 1950), American actress

Meg Wittner
Meg Wittner, an American actress, was born near Chicago, Illinois.  Growing up with an older brother and sister, the family moved to Scarsdale, New York, when she was two. When she was 17 years old, she moved to New York City was in many commercials, including for Ivory Soap, Head & Shoulders shampoo, and Life Savers candy, and made her name known on the soap opera Somerset. She also starred on Melrose Place, 7th Heaven, Bailey Kipper's P.O.V.
Manufacturing in Ethiopia
Manufacturing in Ethiopia was, before 1957, dominated by
cottage and handicraft industries which met most of the population's needs for manufactured goods such as clothes, ceramics, machine tools, and leather goods. Various factors – including the lack of basic infrastructure, the dearth of private and public investment, and the lack of any consistent public policy aimed at promoting industrial development – contributed to the insignificance of manufacturing.

Putting-out system
The putting-out system, also known historically as the domestic system or workshop system, was a method of subcontracting production in which a central agent, often a merchant or manufacturer, distributed raw materials to workers who completed the work in their own homes or small workshops. This system was widely used in pre-industrial Europe and early America, particularly in the textile industry, shoemaking, lock-making, and the production of small firearm parts. It flourished from the late Middle Ages through the Industrial Revolution, gradually declining in the mid-19th century with the rise of centralized factory production.