hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Staebler–Wronski effect
The Staebler–Wronski Effect (SWE) refers to light-induced metastable changes in the properties of hydrogenated amorphous silicon.

The defect density of hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) increases with light exposure, causing an increase in the recombination current and reducing the efficiency of the conversion of sunlight into electricity.

It was discovered by David L. Staebler and Christopher R. Wronski in 1977. They showed that the dark current and photoconductivity of hydrogenated amorphous silicon can be reduced significantly by prolonged illumination with intense light. However, on heating the samples to above 150 °C, they could reverse the effect.

Dark current (physics)
In physics and in electronic engineering, dark current is the relatively small electric current that flows through photosensitive devices such as a photomultiplier tube, photodiode, or charge-coupled device even when no photons enter the device; it consists of the charges generated in the detector when no outside radiation is entering the detector. It is referred to as reverse bias leakage current in non-optical devices and is present in all diodes. Physically, dark current is due to the random generation of electrons and holes within the depletion region of the device.

Dark current is one of the main sources for noise in image sensors such as charge-coupled devices. The pattern of different dark currents can result in a fixed-pattern noise; dark frame subtraction can remove an estimate of the mean fixed pattern, but there still remains a temporal noise, because the dark current itself has a shot noise.
Sarah O'Reilly
Sarah O'Reilly (born 1975/1976) is an Irish Aontú politician who has been a senator for the Agricultural Panel since January 2025.

She was a member of Cavan County Council for the Bailieborough–Cootehill area from March 2016 to January 2025. She was co-opted onto the council in March 2016 as a Fianna Fáil member, replacing Niamh Smyth on her election to Dáil Eireann. In December 2018, O'Reilly joined Aontú. She was re-elected to the council as an Aontú candidate in 2019 and 2024.

From 2020 to 2021, O'Reilly served as chairperson of Cavan County Council. She has worked in Agriculture and is an accountant.

She was an unsuccessful candidate at the 2020 and 2024 general elections for the Cavan–Monaghan constituency.

Bailieborough
Bailieborough or Bailieboro (/ˈbeɪlibərə/; Irish: Coill an Chollaigh, meaning 'the wood of the boar') is a town and civil parish in County Cavan, Ireland. As of the 2022 census, the population was 2,974, up from 1,529 as of the 1996 census. Bailieborough's proximity to the N3 national road has made it a commuter town.
Joy Chatel
Joy Chatel (June 28, 1947 – January 8, 2014), also known as Mama Joy, was a cosmetologist, community organizer and activist based in Brooklyn, New York. She fought battles against the Bloomberg administration and millionaire developers to keep the history of anti-slavery organizing from being erased from the Fulton Mall area.

Chatel was also a board member of FUREE (Families United for Racial and Economic Equality). She was able to mobilize people in the community including local politicians and organizations, helping them all recognize the importance of the abolitionist movement in the Downtown Brooklyn area. In 2007, Chatel and the community successfully fought a plan by the city to seize her home at 227 Duffield Street through eminent domain, which would have been used to build a park and underground parking garage.

Chatel died January 8, 2014, from complications with her health at the New York Methodist Hospital in Brooklyn.

Fulton Street (Brooklyn)
Fulton Street is a long east–west street in northern Brooklyn, New York City. This street begins at the intersection of Adams Street and Joralemon Street in Brooklyn Heights, and runs eastward to East New York and Cypress Hills. At the border with Queens, Fulton Street becomes 91st Avenue, which ends at 84th Street in Woodhaven.
George Ford (bassist)
George Ford (born George Sweetnam and also known as George Sweetnam-Ford) (1940 – 9 March 2007) was a bassist born in Saint Lucia, British Windward Islands. He is best known for being a member of Emile Ford & the Checkmates and Steve Harley & Cockney Rebel.

Meic Stevens
Meic Stevens (born 13 March 1942) is a Welsh singer-songwriter. He has been one of the most prominent figures in the Welsh music scene for over five decades, and played a key role in establishing the popular music scene in Wales. He is described by some as "the Welsh Bob Dylan" and has also been compared favorably with musicians such as Syd Barrett. Stevens's songs are mostly sung in his native Welsh language and have a mystical, faintly psychedelic flavour. His work has influenced groups such as Gorky's Zygotic Mynci and Super Furry Animals. He is largely unknown outside Wales.
Aralia californica
Aralia californica, known by the common name elk clover though not actually a clover, is a large herb in the family Araliaceae, the only member of the ginseng family native to California and southwestern Oregon. It is also called California aralia and California spikenard.

Araliaceae
The Araliaceae are a family of flowering plants composed of about 43 genera and around 1500 species consisting of primarily woody plants and some herbaceous plants commonly called the ivy or ginseng family. The morphology of Araliaceae varies widely, but it is predominantly distinguishable based on its woody habit, tropical distribution, and the presence of simple umbels.

There are numerous plants of economic importance. Some genera, such as Hedera (the ivies), Fatsia (Japanese aralias) and Heptapleurum (formerly Schefflera, the umbrella trees), are used as ornamental foliage plants. The family also includes Panax ginseng, the root of which is ginseng, used in traditional Chinese medicine.
Fulvio Cacace
Fulvio Cacace (died 1 December 2003) was an Italian chemist.

In 1963, while at the Sapienza University of Rome, he devised the decay technique for the study of organic radicals and carbenium cations.  The technique is based on the preparation of compounds containing the radioactive isotope tritium in place of common hydrogen.  When the tritium undergoes beta decay, it is turned into a helium-3 atom, that detaches from the parent molecule, leaving the desired cation or radical behind.

The technique has made it possible to study the chemistry of a vast number of such radicals and ions, in all sorts of environments, including solids, liquids, and gases.  In particular, it has provided much of the knowledge of the chemistry of the helium hydride ion, specifically [3He3H]+.

Carbenium ion
A carbenium ion is a positive ion with the structure RR′R″C+, that is, a chemical species with carbon atom having three covalent bonds, and it bears a +1 formal charge.  Carbenium ions are a major subset of carbocations, which is a general term for diamagnetic carbon-based cations.  In parallel with carbenium ions is another subset of carbocations, the carbonium ions with the formula R5+. In carbenium ions charge is localized.  They are isoelectronic with monoboranes such as B(CH3)3.
Shipwreck Conservation Centre
The Shipwreck Conservation Centre (Polish: Centrum Konserwacji Wraków Statków) is a branch of the National Maritime Museum, opened in 2016 in a purpose-built building in Tczew, near the Vistula River Museum. The centre is devoted to the study of historical ships, particularly shipwrecks, as well as ship renovation and building techniques. The museum consists of two main parts: the conservation workshop and the studio warehouse.

Shipwreck
A shipwreck is the wreckage of a ship that is either beached on land or sunken to the bottom of a body of water. It results from the event of shipwrecking, which may be intentional or unintentional. There were approximately three million shipwrecks worldwide as of January 1999, according to Angela Croome, a science writer and author who specialized in the history of underwater archaeology  (an estimate rapidly endorsed by UNESCO and other organizations).
When a ship's crew has died or abandoned the ship, and the ship has remained adrift but unsunk, they are instead referred to as ghost ships.
Wartime cross-dressers
Many people have engaged in cross-dressing during wartime under various circumstances and for various motives. This has been especially true of women, whether while serving as a soldier in otherwise all-male armies, while protecting themselves or disguising their identity in dangerous circumstances, or for other purposes.

Conversely, men would dress as women to avoid being drafted, the mythological precedent for this being Achilles hiding at the court of Lycomedes dressed as a woman to avoid participation in the Trojan War.

Ulrika Eleonora Stålhammar
Ulrika Eleonora Stålhammar (1683 in Svenarum – 16 February 1733 at Björnskog in Hultsjö), was a Swedish corporal and crossdresser who served in the Great Northern War. She was put on trial for having served in the military posing as a man and for marrying a woman. She has been the object of plays, literature, research and exhibitions.
MS American Monarch
MS American Monarch is a factory stern fishing trawler. At over 6,000 GRT, the ship can process 1,200 tons of fish a day. British historian David Edgerton has noted that: "since the total global catch is 100 million tons per annum ... 300 of these ships could catch all the fish now caught worldwide".

David Edgerton (historian)
David Edgerton FBA (born 16 April 1959) is an English historian and educator. He was educated at St John's College, Oxford, and Imperial College London. After teaching the economics of science and technology and the history of science and technology at the University of Manchester, he became the founding director of the Centre for the History of Science, Technology and Medicine at Imperial College, London, and Hans Rausing Professor. He has held a Major Research Fellowship (2006–2009) from the Leverhulme Trust. In 2013, he led the move of the Centre for the History of Science, Technology and Medicine to the Department of History of King's College London. Edgerton's books include Warfare State: Britain 1920–1970 (Cambridge, 2005) and The Shock of the Old: Technology and Global History since 1900 (Profile, 2006). Edgerton was elected a fellow of the British Academy in 2021.
Khichdi (2002 TV series)
Khichdi is a Hindi language sitcom produced by UTV Software Communications in association with Hats Off Productions, which debuted on StarPlus on 10 September 2002. The series has been rerun on StarPlus and its sister channels several times. It served as the first series in the Khichdi franchise. The second series in the franchise was called Instant Khichdi, which aired on Star Plus's sister channel, Star One. The reruns have aired on several channels including Star Utsav and Pogo. A twenty-episode third series also titled Khichdi premiered on 14 April 2018 on StarPlus.

Star Bharat
Star Bharat is an Indian Hindi-language general entertainment pay television channel owned by JioStar, a joint venture between Viacom18 and Disney India. It was launched on 28 August 2017, rebranded from Life OK. The channel broadcasts a mix of original programming, including mythological dramas, crime thrillers, family dramas, and comedy shows, targeting a broad Hindi-speaking audience in India. Notable shows that have aired on the channel include RadhaKrishn, Savdhaan India, Nimki Mukhiya, Kya Haal, Mr. Paanchal? and Jiji Maa.

Star One was rebranded as Life OK in India on 18 December 2011. It was then rebranded again on 28 August 2017 as Star Bharat.

Star Bharat rebranded with a new logo and graphics package on 25 July 2022, during the finale of the scripted reality show Swayamvar – Mika Di Vohti. The new slogan was Dil Deke Dekho Zara (Give Your Heart Away and See).
Koll
Koll is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Adi Koll (born 1976), Israeli politician

Bill Koll (1923–2003), American sport wrestler

Claudia Koll (born 1965), Italian actress

Dominik Koll (born 1984), Austrian swimmer

Heinz Koll, Namibian rugby union player

Manuel Koll (born 1987), Austrian figure skater

Nathan Trent (born Nathanaele Koll, 1992), Austrian singer

Reena Koll (born 1996), Estonian pole vaulter

Richard Koll (1897–1963), German Wehrmacht general

Rob Koll, American sport wrestler and coach

Theo Koll (born 1958), German journalist

Richard Koll
Richard Koll (April 7, 1897 – May 13, 1963) was a German general in the Wehrmacht during World War II who commanded the 1st Panzer Division. He was also a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross of Nazi Germany.
Inglourious Basterds (soundtrack)
Quentin Tarantino's Inglourious Basterds: Motion Picture Soundtrack is the soundtrack to Quentin Tarantino's motion picture Inglourious Basterds. It was originally released on August 18, 2009. The soundtrack uses a variety of music genres, including Spaghetti Western soundtrack excerpts, R&B and a David Bowie song from the 1982 remake of Cat People. "The Man with the Big Sombrero", a song from the 1943 screwball comedy Hi Diddle Diddle, was rerecorded in French for the movie. This is the first soundtrack for a Quentin Tarantino film not to feature dialogue excerpts. The album was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Compilation Soundtrack Album for a Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media, but lost to the Slumdog Millionaire soundtrack.

Slumdog Millionaire (soundtrack)
Slumdog Millionaire: Music from the Motion Picture is the soundtrack album of the British drama film of the same name, directed by Danny Boyle. The original score and songs were composed by A. R. Rahman, who planned the score in two months and completed it in 20 days, a far shorter time period than usual.

The soundtrack won the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score, BAFTA Award for Best Film Music, and two Academy Awards, one for Best Original Music Score and the other for Best Original Song for "Jai Ho". The soundtrack has also won two Grammy Awards, one for the album itself and another for the song "Jai Ho". The latter song would be reworked by Ron Fair and The Pussycat Dolls into an English language adaptation "Jai Ho! (You Are My Destiny)" which would go on to become an international hit for the group.

The soundtrack sold over two million units worldwide.
Coast to Coast (McDonald's Jazz Band album)
Coast to Coast is a 1984 album (LP Vinyl) released by McDonald's All-American High School Jazz Band under the direction of Bob Curnow.  The group was formed in 1981 as a part of the McDonald's All-American High School Band program that had started back in the late 1960s to feature talented, up and coming high school musicians.

Harry Allen (musician)
Harry Allen (born October 12, 1966) is an American jazz tenor saxophonist born in Washington, D.C. Allen plays mainstream jazz and bossa nova. He has performed live and recorded with Scott Hamilton, a tenor saxophonist to whom Allen has frequently been compared. He is best known for his work with John Colianni, Dori Caymmi, Keith Ingham, John Pizzarelli, and Bucky Pizzarelli.
Muflih
Muflih can refer to:

Muflih (eunuch) (fl. 923–925), chief black eunuch of the Abbasid caliph al-Muqtadir

Muflih al-Turki (died 872), Abbasid general

Muflih al-Saji (fl. 929–935), governor of Adharbayjan

Muflih (eunuch)
Muflih, surnamed al-Aswad ("the Black") and  al-Khadim ("the servant"), was the chief court eunuch under the Abbasid caliph al-Muqtadir (r. 908–932).

By 922/3 he had risen to a position of great influence at court, and supported the ousting of the vizier Hamid ibn al-Abbas, whom he disliked, in favour of Ali ibn al-Furat. He intervened, however, to save Hamid's deputy Ali ibn Isa al-Jarrah from the tortures inflicted on him by Ibn al-Furat's son al-Muhassin.

In September–October 925 he supervised, along with Bushra al-Thamali, deputy of the governor of the Thughur Thamal al-Dulafi, that year's prisoner exchange with the Byzantine Empire. The exchange, known as fidāʾ Mufliḥ in the Arab sources, involved the release of almost 4,000 Muslim men and women from captivity.

According to al-Suli, Muflih was appointed as governor of Jerusalem in 935, during the caliphate of al-Radi.
1991 Rugby World Cup final
The 1991 Rugby World Cup final was the final match of the 1991 Rugby World Cup, the second edition of the rugby union competition, to decide the world champions. The match was played on 2 November 1991 at Twickenham Stadium, London, and was contested by the host nation England, and Australia (also known as the Wallabies). Australia won the match 12–6.

Rob Andrew
Christopher Robert Andrew MBE (born 18 February 1963) is a former English rugby union player who as a fly-half played 71 Tests for England between 1985 and 1997. Since his retirement from playing he has held administration roles in both rugby and cricket. He was formerly the Director of Rugby of Newcastle Falcons and Professional Rugby Director at the RFU. He was Chief Executive of Sussex County Cricket Club before joining the England and Wales Cricket Board in 2024 as Managing Director of the professional game.

As a player, Andrew was assured in his kicking and defensive skills off both feet. Andrew also had a brief career in first-class cricket whilst at University and played for Yorkshire County Cricket Club's Second XI.

Andrew was born in Richmond, North Yorkshire, England on 18 February 1963.
1979 WCT Tournament of Champions – Singles
Björn Borg was the defending champion, but did not compete this year.

Jimmy Connors won the title by defeating Vitas Gerulaitis 6–5, 6–0, 6–4 in the final.

Connors did not lose a single match in the entire tournament, despite being played in a round-robin system.

Jimmy Connors
James Scott Connors (born September 2, 1952) is an American former professional tennis player as well as an author, a tennis commentator, and a coach. He was ranked as the world No. 1 in men's singles by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for 268 weeks (fifth-most of all time), and finished as the year-end No. 1 five times. Known for his fiery competitiveness, Connors holds three prominent Open Era men's singles records: 109 titles, 1,557 matches played, and 1,274 match wins. His titles include eight singles majors (an Open Era joint-record five US Opens, two Wimbledons, one Australian Open) and three year-end championships. In 1974, he became the second man in the Open Era to win three major titles in a calendar year; he was not permitted to participate in the fourth, the French Open. His playing career ended in 1996.
2007 State of Origin series
The 2007 State of Origin series was the 26th year that the annual best-of-three series of interstate rugby league football matches between the Queensland and New South Wales representative teams was contested entirely under 'state of origin' selection rules. Queensland won the series by winning the first two games. New South Wales avoided the whitewash by winning the third match held at Suncorp Stadium. The Wally Lewis Medal for player of the series was awarded to Queensland's hooker, Cameron Smith.

State of Origin results and statistics
State of Origin results and statistics have been accumulating since the 1980 State of Origin game. Every game played under State of Origin selection rules, including the additional 1987 exhibition match and the matches played between New South Wales and Queensland for the Super League Tri-series are detailed below unless stated otherwise.
Snowgoose
Snowgoose is a Scottish, Glasgow-based folk rock band. The band was formed as a three-piece with Jim McCulloch (formerly of The Soup Dragons and BMX Bandits) on guitar, Dave McGowan on bass and Anna Sheard on vocals. Raymond McGinley (guitar, of Teenage Fanclub) and Stuart Kidd (drums, of Euros Childs's band and BMX Bandits) joined to make the band a five-piece. The debut album Harmony Springs was released on vinyl (with download code) on 21 April 2012 as part of Record Store Day. A CD and download release followed on 12 November 2012. The album was recorded in Norfolk, and at McGinley's studio in Glasgow, and features guest appearances from Norman Blake, John McCusker, Dave McCluskey (of The Bluebells), and Peter Domberknowsky (of Giant Sand).

A follow-up album, The Making of You, was released in July 2020.

Giant Sand
Giant Sand (formerly Giant Sandworms) is an American musical group from Tucson, Arizona. Its most constant member is singer-songwriter Howe Gelb. The groups have developed idiosyncratic sound rooted in alternative country, but touching on a wide range of other styles and featuring Gelb's beatnik-influenced vocals and songwriting. Since about 2012, they have also performed as Giant Giant Sand when featuring a larger ensemble than their traditional four to six musicians.
Jerimoth Hill
Jerimoth Hill (812 ft, 247 m) is the highest point in the U.S. state of Rhode Island. It is the lowest state highpoint in New England. Located in the town of Foster in the northwest of the state, the site is used as an observatory. It is also a popular destination for highpointers, and prior to 2005 was known for being difficult to access due to a local landowner who prohibited entry.

Observatory
An observatory is a location used for observing terrestrial, marine, or celestial events. Astronomy, climatology/meteorology, geophysics, oceanography and volcanology are examples of disciplines for which observatories have been constructed.

The term observatoire has been used in French since at least 1976 to denote any institution that compiles and presents data on a particular subject (such as public health observatory) or for a particular geographic area (European Audiovisual Observatory).
Frankie Bennett
Frank Bennett (born 3 January 1969) is an English former professional football forward.

Bennett played for Halesowen Town before joining Southampton in February 1993 for an initial fee of £10,000. He played 19 times, mainly as a substitute, and scored once against Chelsea, before joining Shrewsbury Town on loan in October 1996 and moved to Bristol Rovers the following month for a fee of £3,000.

He joined Exeter City on non-contract terms in February 2000, but left to join Forest Green Rovers the following month. He was a part of the Forest Green side that reached the 2001 FA Trophy final after he scored in a 4-1 semi final win over Hereford United at Edgar Street.

He moved to Aberystwyth Town and then followed manager Frank Gregan to Weston-super-Mare. He joined Bath City in June 2002. He struggled with injury and turned down a reduced deal in May 2004, joining Brislington in August 2004.

Bennett has a wife named Michelle, a son, Joshua, and a daughter, Shanee.

Aberystwyth Town F.C.
Aberystwyth Town Football Club (Welsh: Clwb Pêl-Droed Tref Aberystwyth) is a Welsh football club, relegated to the Cymru South for the 2025–26 season.

The club was founded in 1884, and plays at Park Avenue, Aberystwyth, where their ground accommodates 5,000 spectators with 1,000 of that capacity seated. The club was one of the founding members of the Cymru Premier.

The club's youth team, Aberystwyth Town Under 19s, currently play in the Welsh Premier Development League – South, whilst the Women's team play in the Genero Adran Premier. The club has an academy, which has produced many players that have played for the first team and some that have gone on to play at higher levels.