hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Buffalo and Pittsburgh Railroad
The Buffalo and Pittsburgh Railroad (reporting mark BPRR) is a Class II railroad operating in New York and Pennsylvania.

The BPRR is owned by Genesee & Wyoming. Its main line runs between Buffalo, New York, and Eidenau, Pennsylvania, north of Pittsburgh. Here, connections are made to the city center via the Allegheny Valley Railroad. The system runs largely on former Baltimore & Ohio (B&O) lines. The entire BPRR system is 659 miles (1,061 km).

Major commodities carried include paper, petroleum products, chemicals, coal, steel, and sand.

Railroad classes
Railroad classes are the system by which freight railroads are designated in the United States. Railroads are assigned to Class I, II or III according to annual revenue criteria originally set by the Surface Transportation Board in 1992. With annual adjustments for inflation, the 2019 thresholds were US$504,803,294 for Class I carriers and US$40,384,263 for Class II carriers. (Smaller carriers were Class III by default.)

There are six Class I freight railroad companies in the United States: BNSF Railway, CSX Transportation, Canadian National Railway, CPKC, Norfolk Southern Railway, and Union Pacific Railroad. Canadian National also operates in Canada and CPKC operates in Canada and Mexico.

In addition, the national passenger railroad in the United States, Amtrak, would qualify as Class I if it were a freight carrier, as would Canada's Via Rail passenger service. Mexico's Ferromex freight railroad would also qualify as Class I, but it does not operate in the United States.
2005 Melbourne Cup
The 2005 Melbourne Cup was the 145th running of the Melbourne Cup, a prestigious Australian Thoroughbred horse race. The race, run over 3,200 metres (1.988 mi), was held on 1 November 2005 at Melbourne's Flemington Racecourse.

It was won by Makybe Diva at the age of seven, trained by Lee Freedman and ridden by Glen Boss. Makybe Diva broke her own weight carrying record by winning with 58 kg. Makybe Diva is the only horse to win three successive Melbourne Cups. Her retirement was announced with the third and final victory.

Lee Freedman
David Lee Freedman (born 12 August 1956) is an Australian thoroughbred racehorse trainer. and Hall of Fame inductee. In partnership with brothers Anthony, Michael, and Richard, he has been a prolific winner of Australia's major races in past 20 years, with four Golden Slippers, four Caulfield Cups, two Cox Plates, and five Melbourne Cups, including two of the three won by Makybe Diva. On 19 June 2007 he won the prestigious King's Stand Stakes at the United Kingdom's Royal Ascot racecourse with his champion mare, Miss Andretti.
2018 Hun Sen Cup
The Hun Sen Cup was the main football knockout tournament in Cambodia. The 2018 Hun Sen Cup was the 12th season of the Hun Sen Cup, the premier knockout tournament for association football clubs in Cambodia involving Cambodian League and provincial teams organized by the Football Federation of Cambodia.

Preah Khan Reach Svay Rieng were the defending champions, having beaten Nagaworld 3–0 in the previous season's final.

Hun Sen Cup 2018 divided into two stages, regional stage and national stage. 22 teams from the Capital and provinces playing in regional stage. 16 teams playing in national stage, 12 teams from Cambodian League with the last four teams from semi-finals of regional stage.

Football Federation of Cambodia
The Football Federation of Cambodia (FFC; Khmer: សហព័ន្ធកីឡាបាល់ទាត់កម្ពុជា, Sahapoan Keila Baltoat Kampuchea) is a governing body that administers some association football and futsal activities in Cambodia.
William M. Furnish
William Madison Furnish (August 17, 1912, in Tipton, Iowa – November 9, 2007) was an American paleontologist. He taught at the University of Iowa.

In 1938, he described the conodont genus Acanthodus from the Prairie du Chien (Lower Ordovician) beds of the upper Mississippi valley.

In 1964, with Carl B. Rexroad, he described the conodont genus Hindeodus  from the Pella Formation (Mississippian) of South-Central Iowa.

Acanthodus
Acanthodus is an extinct genus of conodonts.

Acanthodus humachensis and A. raqueli are from then Late Cambrian (late Furongian) or early Ordovician (Tremadocian) of the Santa Rosita Formation in Argentina.
Peter Peri
Peter Peri is a British artist known for his work in painting and drawing. He lives and works in London, where he was born.

Peri studied at Chelsea College of Art, London, graduating from the MA programme in 2003. He made his debut in 2003 at Bloomberg New Contemporaries. He has also shown at Art Now at Tate Britain in April 2007, the Kunsthalle Basel, Switzerland in September 2006 and his work was shown at Tate Britain's Classified and the Arts Council Collection's How to Improve the World: 60 Years of British Art at the Hayward Gallery, London.

Peri's work has a personal connection to Modernism. His grandfather was Laszlo Péri (1899–1967), a Hungarian émigré to Britain who was involved in Constructivism before turning to architecture and later in his life to Realism. After 1945 his grandfather adopted the name "Peter Peri" also.

Constructivism (art)
Constructivism is an early twentieth-century art movement founded in 1915 by Vladimir Tatlin and Alexander Rodchenko. Abstract and austere, constructivist art aimed to reflect modern industrial society and urban space. The movement rejected decorative stylization in favour of the industrial assemblage of materials. Constructivists were in favour of art for propaganda and social purposes, and were associated with Soviet socialism, the Bolsheviks, and the Russian avant-garde.

Constructivist architecture and art had a great effect on modern art movements of the 20th century, influencing major trends such as the Bauhaus and De Stijl movements. Its influence was widespread, with major effects upon architecture, sculpture, graphic design, industrial design, theatre, film, dance, fashion and, to some extent, music.
Holy War at Harrods
"Holy War at Harrods" is a 1995 magazine article by Maureen Orth that was published in Vanity Fair. The article was about businessman  Mohamed Al-Fayed and detailed his career and his management of the London department store Harrods. The article included details of alleged sexual assaults committed by Al-Fayed. The article led to a two-year legal battle between Al-Fayed and Condé Nast, the publishers of Vanity Fair.

The article was included in The Importance of Being Famous: Behind the Scenes of the Celebrity-Industrial Complex, a 2004 compilation of Orth's work.

Samuel Irving Newhouse Jr.
Samuel Irving "S.I." Newhouse Jr. (November 8, 1927 – October 1, 2017) was an American heir to a substantial magazine and media business. Together with his brother Donald, he owned Advance Publications, founded by their late father in 1922, whose properties include Condé Nast (publisher of such magazines as Vogue, Vanity Fair, and The New Yorker), dozens of newspapers across the United States (including The Star-Ledger, The Plain Dealer, and The Oregonian), former cable company Bright House Networks, and a controlling stake in Discovery Communications.
Mark, Don & Terry: 1966–67
Mark, Don & Terry: 1966–67 is a November 1972 2-LP set compilation album by the American garage rock band Terry Knight and the Pack released on ABKCO Records in an effort to cash in on the March 1972 Capitol Records double album Mark, Don & Mel: 1969–71 by Grand Funk Railroad. The album has a plain blue cover with green lettering similar to that of the plain black cover with red lettering of the earlier Grand Funk Railroad release. Mark Farner and Don Brewer from Grand Funk had been in Terry Knight and The Pack with Terry Knight, who then managed them until 1972. Knight also managed the Ft. Worth Texas group Bloodrock until mid 1971.

Jagger–Richards
Jagger–Richards (spelled Jagger–Richard from 1963 to 1978) is the songwriting partnership between English musicians Mick Jagger and Keith Richards (both born 1943), founder members of rock band the Rolling Stones. They are one of the most successful songwriting partnerships in history. In addition to Jagger and Richards' songwriting partnership, they have also produced or co-produced numerous Rolling Stones albums under the pseudonym the Glimmer Twins.

Similar to the contemporary English songwriting partnership of John Lennon and Paul McCartney, both Jagger and Richards write lyrics and music.
Niwiński
Niwiński (feminine: Niwińska; plural: Niwińscy) is a Polish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andrzej Niwiński (born 1948), Polish archaeologist

Helena Dunicz-Niwińska (1915–2018), Polish violinist

Stanisław Niwiński (1932–2002), Polish actor

Andrzej Niwiński
Andrzej Stefan Niwiński (born 1948 in Warsaw) is a Polish archaeologist, specializing in the field of religious iconography and mythological studies of the XXI–XXII Dynasty. Especially known as a specialist in the studies of coffins from XXI dynasty, and his search for tomb of Herihor.
Aoraki Polytechnic
44°23′59″S 171°14′49″E﻿ / ﻿44.39972°S 171.24694°E﻿ / -44.39972; 171.24694

Aoraki Polytechnic was a public New Zealand tertiary education institution. Aoraki Polytechnic's main campus was based in central Timaru, South Canterbury, South Island. It also had campuses offering a variety of programmes in Ashburton, Oamaru, Christchurch and Dunedin. In March 2016, Aoraki Polytechnic merged with the Christchurch Polytechnic Institute of Technology to form Ara Institute of Canterbury.

In 2015 Aoraki Polytechnic had 1,021 Equivalent Full Time students (EFTS) and approximately 93 Full Time Equivalent (FTE) Academic Staff and 44 FTE Support staff.

Ashburton, New Zealand
Ashburton (Māori: Hakatere) is a large town in the Canterbury Region, on the east coast of the South Island of New Zealand. It is the seat of the Ashburton District Council. It is 85 kilometres (53 mi) south west of Christchurch.

The town has a population of 21,600. It is the 29th-largest urban area in New Zealand and the fourth-largest urban area in the Canterbury Region, after Christchurch, Timaru and Rolleston.
David Trainer
David Trainer is an American television director. He is known for directing every episode of the Fox sitcom That '70s Show, with the exception of "That '70s Pilot", which was directed by Terry Hughes instead, and every episode of the Netflix sitcom The Ranch. He also directed the first two seasons of the television show Boy Meets World (also a supervising producer), the 4th and final season of the John Larroquette Show, and 63 episodes of Designing Women (which he also produced).

Among many others, his directing credits also include several episodes of FM, Sabrina the Teenage Witch, Grace Under Fire, Cybill, Anything But Love, My Boys, Hot in Cleveland and Mike & Molly.

He also wrote episodes for the soap opera Ryan's Hope in 1977 and the sitcom Misery Loves Company. which he co-created with Michael Jacobs and Bob Young in 1995.

Michael Jacobs (producer)
Michael Jacobs (born June 28, 1955) is an American writer and producer whose work has appeared on Broadway, Off Broadway, television and film. He is the creator/producer or has written and developed several television series including Boy Meets World, Dinosaurs, Charles in Charge, My Two Dads, The Torkelsons, and Girl Meets World. His television shows have won the People's Choice, Parent's Choice, Environmental Media Awards, and more.
Khusrau Shah Kokultash
Khusrau Shah Kokultash was a general of the Mughal Empire. Before Babur, the Mughal emperor, rose to power, he was an Indian Emir. Khusrau Shah paid homage and fealty to Babur on his arrival to northern India. He commanded the left wing of Babur's army at the Battle of Khanwa, where the Mughals defeated the Kingdom of Mewar in northern India.

Battle of Khanwa
The Battle of Khanwa was fought at Khanwa in modern-day Rajasthan on 16 March 1527, between the Mughal Empire, led by Babur, and the Kingdom of Mewar, led by Rana Sanga for supremacy of Northern India. The battle ended in a Mughal victory and was a major event in medieval Indian history. The Kingdom of Mewar under the rule of Rana Sanga, had turned into one of the strongest powers in northern India. The battle was among the most decisive battles in the Mughal conquest of northern India. It was one of the first battles in Northern India where gunpowder was used. The battle resulted in heavy casualties for both Timurids and Rajputs.
1983 Wigan Metropolitan Borough Council election
Elections to the Wigan Council were held on Thursday, 5 May 1983, with one third of the council up for election. The election seen only the main three parties contesting for the first time and one gain in Tyldesley East with Alliance winning their seventh seat from Labour. The Conservatives, contesting a low of seventeen wards, managed their lowest voter share since the council's creation. Overall turnout rose to a relative high of 39.1%.

Metropolitan Borough of Wigan
The Metropolitan Borough of Wigan is a metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester, England. It is named after its largest town, Wigan, but covers a far larger area which includes the towns of Atherton, Ashton-in-Makerfield, Golborne, Hindley, Ince-in-Makerfield, Leigh and Tyldesley. The borough also covers the villages and suburbs of Abram, Aspull, Astley, Bryn, Hindley Green, Lowton, Mosley Common, Orrell, Pemberton, Shevington, Standish, Winstanley and Worsley Mesnes. The borough is also the second-most populous district in Greater Manchester.

The borough was formed in 1974, replacing several former local government districts. It is the westernmost part of Greater Manchester and is bordered by the Greater Manchester boroughs of City of Salford and Bolton to the east, the Cheshire borough of Warrington to the south, the Merseyside borough of St Helens to the south west, and the Lancashire boroughs of West Lancashire to the west and Chorley to the north.
House at 1233 Wentworth Ave.
The House at 1233 Wentworth Ave. is a historic house located at 1233 Wentworth Avenue in Pasadena, California. Architect Arthur S. Heineman designed the Cotswold style house, which was built in 1917 for Lydia C. Edmonds. The large front entrance porch is topped by an arched roof supported by wooden beams and wide brick piers. The gable end of this entrance is decorated with half-timbering, while the porch itself has a bargeboard pattern. The house's roof has a wide, low-lying horizontal component over the front of the first story and a smaller hipped component above the second-story section; both roofs have rolled eaves and wooden shingles, which replaced the original thatch covering in the 1920s. A contributing Cotswold style garage and gazebo are located behind the house.

The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 6, 1998.

Bargeboard
A bargeboard or rake fascia is a board fastened to each projecting gable of a roof to give it strength and protection, and to conceal the otherwise exposed end grain of the horizontal timbers or purlins of the roof. The word bargeboard is probably from the Medieval Latin bargus, or barcus, a scaffold, and not from the now obsolete synonym vergeboard.
William Bullen
William Bullen was a leading English cricketer throughout the last quarter of the 18th century, his known career spanning the years 1773 to 1800. He was an all-rounder who probably batted and bowled right-handed. He played mainly for Kent, and also for England.

All-rounder
An all-rounder is a cricketer who regularly performs well at both batting and bowling. Although all bowlers must bat and quite a handful of batsmen do bowl occasionally, most players are skilled in only one of the two disciplines and are considered specialists. Some wicket-keepers have the skills of a specialist batter and have been referred to as all-rounders, but the term wicket-keeper-batter is more commonly applied to them, even if they are substitute wicket keepers who also bowl.
Biswaroop Roy Chowdhury
Biswaroop Roy Chowdhury is a self-proclaimed doctor known for sharing medical conspiracy theories, including denialist conspiracies about COVID-19, HIV/AIDS, and diabetes, for which he has been heavily criticized and his claims have been widely discredited. Chowdhury's multiple YouTube and social media accounts have been terminated for spreading misleading health advice.

Quackery
Quackery, often synonymous with health fraud, is the promotion of fraudulent or ignorant medical practices. A quack is a "fraudulent or ignorant pretender to medical skill" or "a person who pretends, professionally or publicly, to have skill, knowledge, qualification or credentials they do not possess; a charlatan or snake oil salesman". The term quack is a clipped form of the archaic term quacksalver, derived from Dutch: kwakzalver a "hawker of salve" or rather somebody who boasted about their salves, more commonly known as ointments. In the Middle Ages the term quack meant "shouting". The quacksalvers sold their wares at markets by shouting to gain attention.

Common elements of general quackery include questionable diagnoses using questionable diagnostic tests, as well as untested or refuted treatments, especially for serious diseases such as cancer. Quackery is often described as "health fraud" with the salient characteristic of aggressive promotion.
Innisfree (film)
Innisfree is a 1990 Spanish documentary film directed by José Luis Guerín. It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1990 Cannes Film Festival. The film revisits Cong, a small town in the west of Ireland, famous as the location of the 1952 John Ford film The Quiet Man.

Un Certain Regard
Un Certain Regard (French: [œ̃ sɛʁtɛ̃ ʁəɡaʁ]; 'A Certain Glance') is a section of the Cannes Film Festival's official selection. It is run at the salle Debussy, parallel to the competition for the Palme d'Or. This section was introduced in 1978 by Gilles Jacob.

The section presents 20 films with unusual styles and non-traditional stories seeking international recognition.

Since 1998, the section has awarded the Un Certain Regard Prize to one film in the lineup, recognising emerging talent and innovative work. At the 1998 Cannes Film Festival, Killer by Darezhan Omirbaev was named the inaugural winner, while The Mysterious Gaze of the Flamingo by Diego Céspedes is the most recent winner (2025).
Wagner Seahawks baseball
The Wagner Seahawks baseball team is a varsity intercollegiate athletic team of Wagner College in Staten Island, New York, United States. The team has been a member of the Northeast Conference, which is part of the National Collegiate Athletic Association's Division I, since 1987. Wagner College's first baseball team was first fielded in 1945. The Seahawks are coached by Craig Noto. The Seahawks have won one Northeast Conference baseball tournament and one Northeast Conference regular season championship, in 2000 and 2009 respectively. Wagner has appeared in the NCAA Division I Baseball Championship once, in 2000.

Northeast Conference baseball tournament
The Northeast Conference baseball tournament is the conference baseball championship of the NCAA Division I Northeast Conference (NEC). In the current format, the top four regular-season finishers among teams eligible for postseason competition advance to the double-elimination tournament. The winner of the tournament, if eligible to participate, receives an automatic berth to the NCAA Division I Baseball Championship.
Climate change in the Americas
For details on climate change in North America, please see:

Climate change in Canada

Climate change in the Caribbean

Climate change in Greenland

Climate change in Grenada

Climate change in Guatemala

Climate change in Honduras

Climate change in Mexico

Climate change in Nicaragua

Climate change in the United States

For details on climate change in South America, please see:

Climate change in Argentina

Climate change in Brazil

Climate of Chile

Climate change in Colombia

Climate change in Ecuador

Climate change in Guyana

Climate change in Paraguay

Climate change in Peru

Climate change in Suriname

Climate change in Uruguay

Climate change in Venezuela

Climate change in Suriname
Climate change in Suriname is leading to warmer temperatures and more extreme weather events in Suriname. As a relatively poor country, its contributions to global climate change have been limited. Because of the large forest cover, the country has been running a carbon negative economy since 2014.

Suriname was the second country to update its Nationally Determined Contributions in 2020.
Katia Serra
Katia Serra (born 5 April 1973 in Bologna, Italy) is an Italian former footballer who played as a midfielder. She later became a television football pundit for Rai Sport.

She played for Bologna (1986–1991), Lugo di Ravenna (1994–1997), Modena (1997–1999), Lazio (2002–2003), Bergamo (2003–2004), Atletico Oristano (2004–2005), Agliana and Terme di Cervia (2005–2006), Reggiana (2006–2007), Trento (2007–2008), Roma CF (2008–2009) and Levante (2010).

She won an Italian championship with Modena.

She played 20 matches for Italy women's national football team (the first being on 20 March 2002), scoring one goal.

Oristano
Oristano (Italian: [oriˈstaːno] ⓘ; Sardinian: Aristanis [aɾiˈstanizi]) is the capital and largest city of the Province of Oristano in the central-western part of the autonomous island region of Sardinia in Italy. It is located on the northern part of the Campidano plain. It was established as the provincial capital on 16 July 1974. As of 2025, with a population of 30,007, Oristano is the 7th-largest city in Sardinia.

The economy of Oristano is based mainly on services, agriculture, tourism and small industries.
St Rule Trophy
The St Rule Trophy is an international women's amateur golf tournament contested on the St Andrews Links in Scotland. It has been played annually since 1984. The format is 54-hole stroke play over two days. Since 2014, two rounds have been played on the New course on the first day and one round on the Old course on the final day.

Originally the event was contested over 36 holes of the Old course on a single day, a Saturday. The original trophy was stolen from the St Rule Club in 1986. The event was extended to 54 holes in 1989 when the men's St Andrews Links Trophy was founded. Initially the two events were played concurrently, the women playing one round on the New and Old courses on the opening day and a further round on the Old course on the second day. From 1993 the event was played on a different weekend to the St Andrews Links Trophy, with one round played on the New course on the first day and two rounds played on the Old course on the final day.

Amateur sports
Amateur sports are sports in which participants engage largely or entirely without remuneration. The distinction is made between amateur sporting participants and professional sporting participants, who are paid for the time they spend competing and training. In the majority of sports which feature professional players, the professionals will participate at a higher standard of play than amateur competitors, as they can train full-time without the stress of having another job. The majority of worldwide sporting participants are amateurs.

Sporting amateurism was a zealously guarded ideal in the 19th century, especially among the upper classes, but faced steady erosion throughout the 20th century with the continuing growth of pro sports and monetisation of amateur and collegiate sports, and is now strictly held as an ideal by fewer and fewer organisations governing sports, even as they maintain the word "amateur" in their titles.