hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Centrum Schwule Geschichte
Centrum Schwule Geschichte e. V. (meaning: Gay History Centre), abbreviated CSG, is a German "LGBTQ" organization based in Cologne (Köln). The organisation was established in 1984 and maintains an office in the district of Kalk; its predecessor were the Rheinisches Schwulenarchiv and the Arbeitskreis schwule Geschichte.

Registered association (Germany)
An eingetragener Verein (German: [ˈaɪnɡəˌtʁaːɡənɐ fɛɐˈʔaɪn]; lit. 'registrated association'), abbreviated e.V. (German: [ˌeːˈfaʊ] ⓘ), is a legal status for a registered voluntary association in Germany. While any group may be called a Verein, registration as eingetragener Verein confers many legal benefits, because it confers the status of a juridical person rather than just a group of individuals. The legal status must be mentioned in the name as well. Like certain other corporate bodies, an eingetragener Verein can apply for the status of a charitable organization (Gemeinnützigkeit).
Noijin Kangsang
Noijin Kangsang (Chinese: 宁金抗沙峰, also Norin Kang or Noijinkangsang) is the highest peak of Lhagoi Kangri mountain range in the Tibet Autonomous Region in China. It lies between the Yarlung Tsangpo River (to the north), Yamdrok Lake (to the east) and the Himalayas mountain range (to the south).

Noijin Kangsang was first climbed via the South Face and Southwest Ridge on 28 April 1986 by a Chinese expedition.

Yamdrok Lake
Yamdrok Lake (also known as Yamdrok Yumtso or Yamzho Yumco; Tibetan: ཡར་འབྲོག་གཡུ་མཚོ་, Wylie: yar-'drog. G’yu-mtsho, ZWPY: Yamzhog Yumco; Chinese: 羊卓雍錯; pinyin: Yángzhuó Yōngcuò, Yángzhuō Yōngcuò) is a freshwater lake in Tibet. It is one of the three largest lakes in Tibet. It is over 72 km (45 mi) long. The lake is surrounded by many snow-capped mountains and is fed by numerous small streams. The lake has an outlet stream, a tributary of Yarlung Tsangpo, at its far western end and means turquoise in English due to its color.

Around 90 km (56 mi) to the west of the lake lies the Tibetan town of Gyantse and Lhasa is 100 km (62 mi) to the northeast. According to local mythology, Yamdok Yumtso lake is the transformation of a goddess.

The Yamdrok Hydropower Station was completed and dedicated in 1996 near the small village of Baidi at the lake's western end. This power station is the largest in Tibet.
Massachusetts Pirate Party
The Massachusetts Pirate Party (MassPirates) is the Massachusetts affiliate of the United States Pirate Party and a political designation in Massachusetts officially recognized by the Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The Massachusetts Pirate Party was formed in May 2010 by James O’Keefe, Christine Reynolds and Erik Zoltan.  They are active in promoting privacy, transparent government, and innovation by reining in copyright laws and eliminating patent laws.  MassPirates ran candidates for State Representative in 2014 and 2016 and elected their first office holder in 2015.

Government of Massachusetts
The Commonwealth of Massachusetts is governed by a set of political tenets laid down in its state constitution. Legislative power is held by the bicameral General Court, which is composed of the Senate and House of Representatives. The governor exercises executive power with other independently elected officers: the Attorney General, Secretary of the Commonwealth, and Auditor. The state's judicial power rests in the Supreme Judicial Court, which manages its court system. Cities and towns act through local governmental bodies to the extent that they are authorized by the Commonwealth on local issues, including limited home-rule authority. Although most county governments were abolished during the 1990s and 2000s, a handful remain.

Massachusetts' capital city is Boston. The seat of power is in Beacon Hill, home of the legislative and executive branches. The Supreme Judicial Court is in nearby Pemberton Hill.
The Phenomenon (Smash)
"The Phenomenon" is the twenty ninth episode of the American television series Smash. It was written by Jordon Nardino and executive producer and showrunner Joshua Safran and directed by Roxann Dawson. The episode premiered on NBC on May 4, 2013, the fourteenth episode of season 2.

Roxann Dawson
Roxann Dawson (née Caballero, born September 11, 1958), also credited as Roxann Biggs and Roxann Biggs-Dawson, is an American actress and director. She is best known for her role as B'Elanna Torres on the television series Star Trek: Voyager (1995–2001). In the 2000s, she transitioned to a career primarily as a director, and has directed numerous episodes of television series including Star Trek: Enterprise, Crossing Jordan, Cold Case, Heroes, The Closer, The Mentalist, The Good Wife, Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D., Mercy Street, The Deuce, Foundation and  Dark Matter.
Scott Johnston
Scott Johnston is a Canadian provincial politician, who was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba in the 2016 Manitoba general election. He represented the electoral district of Assiniboia as a member of the Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba. He served as the Minister of Seniors and Long-term Care late in his term as MLA.

Johnston was first was elected as the Member of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba for the riding of St. James in the 2016 election. He was reelected in the 2019 Manitoba general election, in which he moved to the neighbouring district of Assiniboia.

Johnston's father, Frank Johnston, was an MLA  from 1969 to 1988, and served as a cabinet minister in the Progressive Conservative government of Sterling Lyon.

He lost his seat to Manitoba New Democratic challenger Nellie Kennedy in the 2023 Manitoba general election.

2023 Manitoba general election
The 2023 Manitoba general election was held on October 3, 2023, to elect 57 members to the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba. The New Democratic Party of Manitoba, led by Wab Kinew, formed a majority government, defeating the two-term Progressive Conservative government. Following the election, Kinew became the second Indigenous premier of Manitoba and the first First Nations person to become premier of a Canadian province.

The incumbent Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba, led by Premier Heather Stefanson, had attempted to win a third term in government, having previously won the 2016 and 2019 elections under the leadership of Brian Pallister.
Stransham-Ford v Minister of Justice
Stransham-Ford v Minister of Justice and Correctional Services (case no. 27401/15) was a 2015 judgment of the North Gauteng High Court in South Africa. It was the first South African case to address the constitutionality of physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia.

Constitutionality
Constitutionality is the quality of being acceptable under a supreme law with regard to the status of a norm, a procedure, or an act's accordance with the constitution set forth by an applicable jurisdiction. Laws, procedures, or acts that directly violate the constitution are considered unconstitutional. All others are considered constitutional unless deemed otherwise by a legitimate authority and through a legitimate mechanism.
87th Minnesota Legislature
The eighty-seventh Minnesota Legislature was the legislature of the U.S. state of Minnesota from January 4, 2011, to January 7, 2013. It was composed of the Senate and the House of Representatives, based on the results of the 2010 Senate election and the 2010 House election. The seats were apportioned based on the 2000 United States census. It first convened in Saint Paul on January 4, 2011 and last met on August 24, 2012. It held its regular session from January 4 to May 23, 2011, and from January 24 to May 10, 2012. A special session was held on July 19 and 20, 2011, to complete the passage of budget bills. Another special session was held on August 24, 2012, to provide disaster assistance for the flooded areas of Duluth.

Dave Senjem
David Howard Senjem (/ˈsɛndʒəm/ SEN-jəm; born December 20, 1942) is an American politician currently serving on the Olmsted County Board of Commissioners. He is a former member of the Minnesota Senate, serving in that body from 2003 to 2023. He led the Republican caucus as majority leader from 2011 to 2013. A moderate Republican, Senjem has crossed party lines on many occasions, notably environmental policy and women's issues. He represented District 25, which at the time included portions of Dodge and Olmsted counties in the southeastern part of the state. Much of the northern half of Rochester was in his district.

In April 2022, Senjem announced that he would not seek reelection to the Minnesota Senate, and later announced that he would instead run for Olmsted County Commissioner for District 2. Senjem won election to that seat and was took office in 2023. In January 2026, Senjem was named Chair of the Olmsted County Board of Commissioners.
Artec
Artec Consultants Inc, is an acoustics design and theater planning firm located in New York City.  The company was founded by Frederick Russell Johnson in 1970.  In 2013, Artec was integrated into the acoustic design and theater consulting practice Arup Group.

Artec has done the acoustics design and theater planning for over 140 projects worldwide including the Esplanade – Theatres on the Bay, Salle Pleyel renovation in Paris, France, the Mariinsky II Opera House Basic Design for Valery Gergiev, Kravis Center for the Performing Arts, Jazz at Lincoln Center, New Jersey Performing Arts Center, Pikes Peak Center, the Montreal Symphony House, Centre in the Square, Chan Centre for the Performing Arts and acoustical upgrade of the Roy Thomson Hall.

The New York firm has been referred to as the field-leader in acoustic design, and Time called their design of the Esplanade complex in Singapore "one of the best anywhere".

Esplanade – Theatres on the Bay
Esplanade – Theatres on the Bay is a performing arts centre located in the Downtown Core of Singapore near the mouth of the Singapore River. Named after the nearby Esplanade Park, it consists of two rounded structures: one housing a concert hall with about 1,600 seats; and the other a theatre with a capacity of about 2,000 for the performing arts. It is nicknamed "The Durian".
Mike Hagen
Michael Christopher Hagan (June 30, 1959 – October 11, 2015) was an American professional football running back who played for the Seattle Seahawks of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at the University of Montana. He was also a member of the Michigan Panthers, San Antonio Gunslingers and New York Jets.

Michigan Panthers
The Michigan Panthers were a professional American football team based in Metro Detroit. The Panthers competed in the United States Football League (USFL) as a member of the Western Conference and Central Division. The team played its home games at the Pontiac Silverdome in Pontiac, Michigan.

Amid financial struggles following the 1984 season, the team was merged with the Oakland Invaders in 1985, where they would operate under the Invaders name.

The Panthers won the inaugural USFL Championship, 24–22 over the Philadelphia Stars.
MS Nordkapp
MS Nordkapp is a Hurtigruten ship built in 1996 by Kleven Verft AS, Norway, for Ofotens og Vesteraalens Dampskibsselskab for use in Hurtigruten ferry service along the coast of Norway. She is a sister ship of MS Polarlys and MS Nordnorge. Nordkapp is one of 11 ships that travel the Norwegian coast from Bergen to Kirkenes.

MS Nordkapp (North Cape) is named after the North Cape on the island of Magerøya in Northern Norway.

North Cape (Norway)
The North Cape (Norwegian: Nordkapp; Northern Sami: Davvenjárga) is a cape on the northern coast of the island of Magerøya in Northern Norway. The cape is in Nordkapp Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway. The European route E69 motorway (highway) has its northern terminus at the North Cape, which makes it the northernmost point in Europe that can be accessed by car and makes the E69 the northernmost public road in Europe. The plateau is a popular tourist attraction. The cape includes a 307-metre-high cliff (1,007 ft) with a large flat plateau on top, where visitors, weather permitting, can watch the midnight sun and views of the Barents Sea to the north. North Cape Hall, a visitor centre, was built in 1988 on the plateau. It includes a café, restaurant, post office, souvenir shop, a small museum, and video cinema.
Regression (medicine)
Regression in medicine is the partial or complete reversal of a disease's signs and symptoms.

Clinically, regression generally refers to a decrease in severity of symptoms without completely disappearing. At a later point, symptoms may return. These symptoms are then called recidive.

In cancer, regression refers to a specific decrease in the size or extent of a tumour. In histopathology, histological regression is one or more areas within a tumor in which neoplastic cells have disappeared or decreased in number. In melanomas, this means complete or partial disappearance from areas of the dermis (and occasionally from the epidermis), which have been replaced by fibrosis, accompanied by melanophages, new blood vessels, and a variable degree of inflammation.

Dermis
The dermis or corium is a layer of skin between the epidermis (with which it makes up the cutis) and subcutaneous tissues, that primarily consists of dense irregular connective tissue and cushions the body from stress and strain. It is divided into two layers, the superficial area adjacent to the epidermis called the papillary region and a deep thicker area known as the reticular dermis.  The dermis is tightly connected to the epidermis through a basement membrane. Structural components of the dermis are collagen, elastic fibers, and extrafibrillar matrix. It also contains mechanoreceptors that provide the sense of touch and thermoreceptors that provide the sense of heat. In addition, hair follicles, sweat glands, sebaceous glands (oil glands), apocrine glands, lymphatic vessels, nerves and blood vessels are present in the dermis. Those blood vessels provide nourishment and waste removal for both dermal and epidermal cells.
Carolina Wikström
Carolina Wikström (born 4 September 1993) is a Swedish long-distance runner. She competed in the women's marathon at the 2020 Summer Olympics held in Tokyo, Japan.

In 2020, she competed in the women's half marathon at the World Athletics Half Marathon Championships held in Gdynia, Poland.

She also competed in the women's marathon at the 2022 World Athletics Championships held in Eugene, Oregon, United States.

She won the 2022 edition of the Tjejmilen competition.

Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's marathon
The women's marathon event at the 2020 Summer Olympics started at 06:00 on 7 August 2021 in Sapporo. Peres Jepchirchir of Kenya won gold in 2:27:20 followed by world record holder and Kenyan teammate Brigid Kosgei with silver, and American Molly Seidel winning the bronze medal in her third-ever marathon.

The race was moved north, from Tokyo to Sapporo because the latter is on average 4 °C (7 °F) cooler in August, as decided in 2019 by the IOC. The start had been moved an hour earlier to 06:00 for the same reason. The two cities turned out to have almost the same temperature, as Sapporo recorded 25 °C (77 °F) at 06:00 when the race started and 29 °C (84 °F) at 08:30.

The gifts for the competition were presented by Sebastian Coe, United Kingdom; World Athletics President.
Velyka Novosilka
Velyka Novosilka (Ukrainian: Велика Новосілка; Russian: Великая Новосёлка, romanized: Velikaya Novosyolka) is a rural settlement in Volnovakha Raion, Donetsk Oblast, eastern Ukraine. Population: 5,235 (2022 estimate). The settlement has been under Russian occupation since 28 January 2025.

Common sunflower
The common sunflower (Helianthus annuus) is a species of large annual forb of the daisy family Asteraceae. The common sunflower is harvested for its edible oily seeds, which are often eaten as a snack food. They are also used in the production of cooking oil, as food for livestock, as bird food, and as plantings in domestic gardens for aesthetics. Wild plants are known for their multiple flower heads, whereas the domestic sunflower often possesses a single large flower head atop an unbranched stem.
Jakob Ehrlich
Jakob Ehrlich (15 September 1877 – 17 May 1938) was an early Zionist and leader of the Jewish Community in Vienna, Austria. Ehrlich represented the city's 180,000 Jewish citizens in the city government before World War II, and was among those deported in the "Prominententransport" to the Nazi concentration camp at Dachau, soon after the German army entered Vienna in March 1938. He died in Dachau a few weeks later, from beatings. His wife, Irma Hutter Ehrlich  emigrated to England, then the USA with their son where she was active in the rescue of Jewish children from Europe, working with WIZO and Hadassah.

Women's International Zionist Organization
The Women's International Zionist Organization (WIZO; Hebrew: ויצו Vitzo) is a volunteer organization dedicated to social welfare in all sectors of Israeli society, the advancement of the status of women, and Jewish education in Israel and the diaspora.
Together Again (TV series)
Together Again was a British television comedy/music variety series which aired for six episodes in 1957. It starred Bud Flanagan and Chesney Allen. The half-hour series was produced by Jack Hylton for Associated-Rediffusion. The series survives intact but has yet to appear on home video.

Chesney Allen
William Ernest Chesney Allen (5 April 1894 – 13 November 1982) was a popular English entertainer of the Second World War period. He is best remembered for his comedy and music double act with Bud Flanagan as duo Flanagan and Allen.
Pardon Ndhlovu
Pardon Ndhlovu (pronounced end-low-voo, born August 23, 1987) is a marathon runner from Zimbabwe. He competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics and placed 41st. Ndhlovu was a four-time All-American cross country and track & field performer at UNC Pembroke where he earned his bachelor's degree in 2013.

Ndhlovu earned his MBA degree in December 2015 at Augusta University and worked there as an assistant coach. He is an ambassador for a social enterprise that distributes clean water worldwide. He is also vice president of SEFAYE (Sports and Education for African Youth Empowerment).

On 13 March 2023, Ndhlovu became eligible to represent the United States internationally. In 2024, Ndhlovu competed at the 2024 United States Olympic trials in the marathon, finishing 143rd.

2024 United States Olympic trials (marathon)
The 2024 U.S. Olympic Team Trials – Marathon was held on Saturday, February 3, 2024, in Orlando, Florida, to determine the American athletes who will compete in the marathon event at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris, France. The race was hosted by the city of Orlando, in partnership with Orange County, Track Shack Events, the Greater Orlando Sports Commission, USA Track & Field, and the United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee.
4-Ipomeanol
4-Ipomeanol (4-IPO) is a pulmonary pre-toxin isolated from sweet potatoes infected with the fungus Fusarium solani. One of the 4-IPO metabolites is toxic to the lungs, liver and kidney in humans and animals. This metabolite can covalently bind to proteins, thereby interfering with normal cell processes.

The toxic metabolite, an enedial, is mostly formed in the bronchiolar exocrine cells (club cells) in the lungs of rodents. Necrosis of bronchiolar cells is therefore the primary damaging effect of the toxin, due to this location of metabolism. The secondary pathological effects are edema, congestion and hemorrhage caused by the destruction of the bronchiolar exocrine cells. In humans the metabolite is mostly formed in the liver, and causes liver toxicity.

Bleeding
Bleeding, hemorrhage, haemorrhage or blood loss, is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged blood vessels. Bleeding can occur internally, or externally either through a natural opening such as the mouth, nose, ear, urethra, vagina, or anus, or through a puncture in the skin.
Hypovolemia is a massive decrease in blood volume, and death by excessive loss of blood is referred to as exsanguination. Typically, a healthy person can endure a loss of 10–15% of the total blood volume without serious medical difficulties (by comparison, blood donation typically takes 8–10% of the donor's blood volume). The stopping or controlling of bleeding is called hemostasis and is an important part of both first aid and surgery.
Zlevanka
Zlevanka is a Croatian and Slovenian traditional dessert dish made from corn flour and other ingredients. Sweet and salty versions of the dish exist. It's part of the cuisine of Northern Croatia (especially Međimurje, Hrvatske zagorje and Podravina) and the northeastern Slovenian regions of Prekmurje and Prlekija.

Historically, it was considered a "dish for the poor".

The name zlijevka comes from the way the dense mixture of the ingredients is poured (Kajkavian zliti, to pour out) into the baking tray.

Maize flour
Maize flour or corn flour is a flour ground from dried maize (corn). It is a common staple food, and is ground to coarse, medium, and fine consistencies. Coarsely ground corn flour (meal) is known as cornmeal. When maize flour is made from maize that has been soaked in an alkaline solution, e.g., limewater (a process known as nixtamalization), it is called masa harina (or masa flour), which is used for making tamales and tortillas. Arepas are typically made from corn flour that has not been nixtamalized.
Union of Brussels
There were two Unions of Brussels, both formed in the end of the 1570s, in the opening stages of the Eighty Years' War, the war of secession from Spanish control, which lasted from 1568 to 1648. Brussels was at that time the capital of the Spanish Netherlands.

Seventeen Provinces
The Seventeen Provinces (Dutch: Zeventien Provinciën, French: Dix-Sept Provinces, Spanish: Diecisiete Provincias) was a term used to describe the Spanish Netherlands before the Dutch Revolt, when they were at their largest extent. They covered most of the Low Countries, i.e., what is now the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, and most of the French departments of Nord (French Flanders and French Hainaut) and Pas-de-Calais (Artois).

The Seventeen Provinces arose from the Burgundian Netherlands, a number of fiefs held by the House of Valois-Burgundy and inherited by the House of Habsburg in 1482, and held by Habsburg Spain from 1556. Starting in 1512, the Provinces formed the major part of the Burgundian Circle. In 1581, many of these provinces seceded to form what would eventually become the Dutch Republic.
Gascoyne newspapers
Newspapers published or distributed in the Gascoyne region of Western Australia have been spread over a large distance, and in varying degrees of success. The region has a low population density, and some communities, apart from Carnarvon, would not be sufficient to support long term newspaper production.

In most cases, newspaper located in Perth and Geraldton would have summary news about the Gascoyne to supplement any local publications news. Pilbara newspapers have overlapped the Gascoyne region, but in most cases they are separate.

Carnarvon, Western Australia
Carnarvon (/kərˈnɑːrvən/ kər-NAR-vən) is a coastal town situated approximately 900 kilometres (560 mi) north of Perth, in Western Australia. It lies at the mouth of the Gascoyne River on the Indian Ocean. The Shark Bay world heritage area lies to the south of the town and the Ningaloo Reef and the tourist town of Exmouth lie to the north. Mungullah Aboriginal Community was formerly in the town however it has moved east of the town.

Inland, Carnarvon has strong links with the town of Gascoyne Junction and the Burringurrah Community. At the 2021 census, Carnarvon had a population of 4,879.