hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
American bison hunting
Hunting of the American bison, also commonly known as the American buffalo, was an activity fundamental to the economy and society of the Plains Indians peoples who inhabited the vast grasslands on the Interior Plains of North America, before the animal's near-extinction in the late 19th century following United States expansion into the West. Bison hunting was an important spiritual practice and source of material for these groups, especially after the European introduction of the horse in the 16th through 19th centuries enabled new hunting techniques. The species' dramatic decline was the result of habitat loss due to the expansion of ranching and farming in western North America, industrial-scale hunting practiced by settler hunters increased Indigenous hunting pressure due to settler demand for bison hides and meat, and cases of a deliberate policy by settler governments to destroy the food source of the Indigenous peoples.

American Bison Society
The American Bison Society (ABS) was a conservation organization founded in 1905 by the New York Zoological Society to help save the bison from extinction and raise public awareness about the species by pioneering conservationists and sportsmen including Ernest Harold Baynes (the Society's first secretary), William T. Hornaday, Madison Grant and Theodore Roosevelt.

Over 40 million American bison (Bison bison) once roamed the plains and grasslands from Mexico to central Canada, shaping the landscape with their migrations, grazing patterns, and behavior. By the 1870s, their populations had been decimated by westward expansion and over-hunting. An 1889 survey published by Hornaday, who would go on to become the first director of the Bronx Zoo, showed that approximately 1,000 bison remained in North America.
2022 Iraq FA Cup final
The 2022 Iraq FA Cup final was the 29th final of the Iraq FA Cup as a club competition. The match was contested between Al-Karkh and Al-Kahrabaa, at Al-Madina Stadium in Baghdad. It was played on 16 July 2022 to be the final match of the competition. Al-Karkh made their first appearance in the Iraq FA Cup final while Al-Kahrabaa made their second appearance.

Al-Karkh won the match 2–1 with goals from Jafar Obeis and Hasan Abdulkareem to earn their first Iraq FA Cup title.

Al-Kahrabaa SC
Al-Kahraba'a Sports Club (Arabic: نادي الكهرباء الرياضي, lit. 'Electricity Sports Club') is an Iraqi professional sports club based in Rusafa District, Baghdad, and is known for its football team that competes in the Iraq Stars League.
Bano Haralu
Bano Megolhusau Haralu is an Indian journalist and a conservationist from Nagaland. She worked with Doordarshan, NDTV and was the editor of Eastern Mirror. She was awarded the Chameli Devi Jain Award for Outstanding Women Mediapersons and Nari Shakti Puraskar. She is a Director of the Nagaland Wildlife and Biodiversity Conservation Trust.

Doordarshan
Doordarshan (lit. 'distant vision, television'), abbreviated as DD, is India's state-owned public television broadcaster. Established by the Government of India on 15 September 1959, it is owned by the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting and constitutes one of Prasar Bharati's two divisions. Doordarshan, one of India's largest broadcasting organisations in studio and transmitter infrastructure, delivers television, radio, online, and mobile services across metropolitan and regional India, and internationally. It also broadcasts via digital terrestrial transmitters.
Untouched (film)
Untouched or Green Shadow (Spanish: Sombra verde) is a 1954 Mexican adventure thriller film directed by Roberto Gavaldón and starring Ricardo Montalbán, Ariadna Welter and Víctor Parra. It was made at the Churubusco Studios in Mexico City. The film's sets were designed by the art director Manuel Fontanals. Location shooting took place around El Tajín and Papantla in Veracruz.

Papantla
Papantla (Spanish: [paˈpantla] ⓘ) is a city and municipality located in the north of the Mexican state of Veracruz, in the Sierra Papanteca range and on the Gulf of Mexico. The city was founded in the 13th century by the Totonacs and has dominated the Totonacapan region of the state since then. The region is famed for vanilla, which occurs naturally in this region, the Danza de los Voladores and the El Tajín archeological site, which was named a World Heritage Site.  Papantla still has strong communities of Totonacs who maintain the culture and language.  The city contains a number of large scale murals and sculptures done by native artist Teodoro Cano García, which honor the Totonac culture. The name Papantla is from Nahuatl and most often interpreted to mean "place of the papanes" (a species of crow). This meaning is reflected in the municipality's coat of arms.
Kirki, Republic of Dagestan
Kirki (Russian: Кирки; Kaitag: Хъерхъай; Dargwa: Хъирхъи) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative centre of Kirkinsky Selsoviet, Kaytagsky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. The population was 174 as of 2010.

Kaytagsky District
Kaytagsky District (Russian: Кайта́гский райо́н; Dargwa: Хайдакъла райун; Kumyk: Хайдакълы якъ, Xaydaqlı yaq) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the forty-one in the Republic of Dagestan, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the republic. The area of the district is 678.24 square kilometers (261.87 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Madzhalis. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 31,368, with the population of Madzhalis accounting for 21.7% of that number.
Tennis at the 1992 Summer Olympics – Men's singles
Switzerland's Marc Rosset defeated Spain's Jordi Arrese in the final, 7–6(7–2), 6–4, 3–6, 4–6, 8–6 to win the gold medal in Men's Singles tennis at the 1992 Summer Olympics. Croatia's Goran Ivanišević and the Unified Team's Andrei Cherkasov won the bronze medals. All four nations won medals in men's singles for the first time.

The tournament was held at the Tennis de la Vall d'Hebron in Barcelona, Spain. There were 64 players from 35 nations. Nations had been limited to three players each since tennis returned to the Olympic program in 1988.

Miloslav Mečíř of Czechoslovakia was the reigning gold medalist from 1988, but he retired from the sport in 1990.

Tennis at the 1988 Summer Olympics – Men's singles
Czechoslovakia's Miloslav Mečíř defeated the United States' Tim Mayotte in the final, 3–6, 6–2, 6–4, 6–2, to win the gold medal in Men's Singles tennis at the 1988 Summer Olympics. It was Czechoslovakia's first medal at the event. The United States' Brad Gilbert and Sweden's Stefan Edberg won the bronze medals. It was Sweden's first men's singles Olympic medal.

The tournament was held at the Seoul Olympic Park Tennis Center in Seoul, South Korea. Tennis was officially re-introduced as an official sport in the 1988 Summer Olympics, after being held as a demonstration sport in the 1968 Olympic Games and 1984 Olympic Games. It was discontinued from being an official sport after the 1924 Olympic Games before its re-introduction. There were 64 competitors from 32 nations. Nations were limited to three players each (down from four before tennis's Olympic hiatus).
Devkota
Devkota (Nepali: देवकोटा) is a surname used by Khas Bahun communities of Nepal. Notable people with the surname include:

Laxmi Prasad Devkota (1909–1959), Nepali writer

Bachaspati Devkota, Nepalese communist leader

Rajeshwor Devkota, Nepalese political leader

Rishi Devkota, Nepalese communist leader

Upendra Devkota, Nepalese neurosurgeon

Dinesh Chandra Devkota, Nepalese Engineer and former Vice-Chairman of National Planning Commission

Madhav Prasad Devkota, Nepalese writer

Khim Lal Devkota, Nepalese politician

Krishna Jwala Devkota, Nepalese journalist

Kiran Devkota , Nepalese Pediatrician

Manita Devkota, Miss Universe Nepal 2018 and Top 10 Miss Universe 2018

Dinesh Chandra Devkota
Dinesh Chandra Devkota (Nepali - दिनेश चन्द्र देवकोटा ) is a Nepalese Engineer and former Vice-Chairman of National Planning Commission of Nepal from 2008 to 2011. He did Ph D from Saitama University, Japan in 2005 and his MSc from Southern Illinois University, United States of America in 1996.

He is president of Nepal Intellectuals' Council.

He was born in Gorkha district and is married to Prabha Pokhrel, a sociologist. He has a son, Prabesh Devkota and a daughter, Dikshya Devkota.
Mark H. Johnson
Mark Henry Johnson FBA (born 1960) is a British cognitive neuroscientist who, since October 2017, has been Professor of Experimental Psychology and Head of the Department of Psychology at the University of Cambridge. He is a Fellow of the Association for Psychological Science.

Experimental psychology
Experimental psychology is the work done by those who apply experimental methods to psychological study and the underlying processes. Experimental psychologists employ human participants and animal subjects to study a great many topics, including (among others) sensation, perception, memory, cognition, learning, motivation, emotion; developmental processes, social psychology, and the neural substrates of all of these.
November 2012 San Francisco general election
The November 2012 San Francisco general elections were on November 6, 2012, in San Francisco, California. The elections included six seats to the San Francisco Board of Supervisors, four seats to the San Francisco Board of Education, four seats to the San Francisco Community College Board, and seven San Francisco ballot measures.

San Francisco Board of Education
The San Francisco Board of Education is the school board for the City and County of San Francisco. It is composed of seven Commissioners, elected by voters across the city to serve 4-year terms. It is subject to local, and state law, and federal laws since the district receives federal funding. The board determines policy for all the K-12 public schools in the San Francisco Unified School District. The composition of the board is determined by the Charter of San Francisco, making the board and the school district one of the only school districts in the state regulated by a city charter, a legacy of when cities were responsible for schooling in California.
United States presidential eligibility legislation
The Constitution of the United States provides several basic requirements for eligibility to be elected to the office of President. Individual states did not introduce significant relevant legislation until the 2008 election of Barack Obama, when a controversy known as the birther movement was promoted by various conspiracy theorists. The "birthers" asserted during the 2008 presidential election campaign that Obama was not a natural-born U.S. citizen, as mandated by the Constitution, and thus was ineligible to be President of the United States, prompting several state legislatures to consider legislation aimed at requiring future presidential candidates to provide proof of citizenship by birth before being granted ballot access in their state. None of these efforts led to the passage of currently active laws.

State legislature (United States)
In the United States,  the state legislature is the legislative branch in each of the 50 U.S. states.

A legislature generally performs state duties for a state in the same way that the United States Congress performs national duties at the national level. Generally, the same system of checks and balances that exists at the federal level also exists between the state legislature,  the state executive officer (governor) and the state judiciary.

In 27 states, the legislature is called the legislature or the state legislature, while in 19 states the legislature is called the general assembly. In Massachusetts and New Hampshire, the legislature is called the general court, while North Dakota and Oregon designate the legislature the legislative assembly.
Kadiri Assembly constituency
Kadiri Assembly constituency is a constituency in Sri Sathya Sai district of Andhra Pradesh that elects representatives to the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly in India. It is one of seven assembly segments of Hindupur Lok Sabha constituency.

Kandikunta Venkata Prasad is the current MLA of the constituency, having won the 2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election from Telugu Desam Party. As of 2019, there are a total of 239,867 electors in the constituency. The constituency was established in 1951, as per the Delimitation Orders (1951).

Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly
The Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly (Telugu: ఆంధ్రప్రదేశ్ శాసన సభ, ISO: Āndhra Pradēś Śāsana Sabha) is the lower house of the bicameral legislature of the Indian state, Andhra Pradesh.

The Legislative Assembly consists of 175 members who are elected by adult universal suffrage under the first-past-the-post system. The duration of the Assembly is five years from the date appointed for its first meeting unless it is decided to dissolve the Assembly sooner. The Legislative Assembly's main functions include legislation, overseeing of administration, passing the budget, and airing public grievances.

The Legislative Assembly holds three sessions annually, one for Budget and the other for Monsoon and Winter sessions.

The Legislative Assembly took up residence in the interim Legislative Assembly Building in Amaravati beginning from the 2017 Budget session. The new building has systems for automatic speech translation and automatic vote recording.
Vladimir Bobrezhov
Vladimir Bobrezhov (sometimes listed as Vladimir Borbreshov, born 14 April 1968) is a Soviet sprint canoeist who competed in the late 1980s and early 1990s. He won five medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with two golds (K-4 10000 m: 1989, 1990), two silvers (K-2 1000 m: 1989, 1990), and a bronze (K-4 10000 m: 1993).

Bobrezhov also competed for the Unified Team at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona in the K-4 1000 m event, but was eliminated in the semifinals.

ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships are an international event in canoe racing, one of two top-tier Summer Olympic sport events organized by the International Canoe Federation (the other being the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships). They are usually held every non-Olympic year and have officially included paracanoe events since 2010; paracanoe-specific editions of this event (named ICF Paracanoe World Championships) are usually held in Summer Paralympic years.

Prior to November 2008, canoe sprint was known as flatwater racing.
Aleksandr Borisov (politician)
Aleksandr Borisov (Russian: Александр Александрович Борисов; born 17 August 1974, Kunya, Pskov Oblast) is a Russian political figure, deputy of the 8th State Duma. After graduating in 1997 from the Northwestern Management Institute, Borisov started working as a lawyer in one of the companies in Saint Peterburg. Later he continued working at the various factories, including "Mekhanichesky Zavod" and "Leninez".

His political career started in 2005 when he was appointed the head of the Central Staff of the All-Russian Public Organization Young Guard of United Russia. From 2009 to 2017, he was a member of the Federation Council, and in 2013, he was appointed Deputy Chairman of the committee on social policy. From 2017 to 2021, he headed the Central Executive Committee of the United Russia. Since September 2021, he has served as a deputy of the 8th State Duma.

Kunya, Pskov Oblast
Kunya (Russian: Кунья) is an urban locality (a work settlement) and the administrative center of Kunyinsky District of Pskov Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Kunya Urban Settlement, the only urban settlement in the district. Population:  3,127 (2010 Census); 3,527 (2002 Census); 4,023 (1989 Soviet census).
Ray Bandar
Ray Bandar (1927-23 December 2017) was a scientist, researcher, teacher, naturalist, and artist living in the San Francisco, California area. He had collected more than 7,000 bone specimens, primarily skulls, from animals across the world, keeping them throughout his home in a collection nicknamed the "Bone Palace". The California Academy of Sciences legally authorized him to gather specimens under its permits, and inherited his collection after his death.

From May–November 2014 the California Academy of Sciences had an exhibit named "Skulls". This exhibit displayed many skulls from the Ray Bandar collection as well as highlighting a bone cleaning technique using flesh eating beetles, and compared bones from various species to learn more about an animals’ history and their evolution and how environmental changes such as pollution and disease have affected them.

He was the subject of the 30-minute documentary, "Ray Bandar: A Life With Skulls" (2006) by filmmaker Beth Cataldo.

California Academy of Sciences
The California Academy of Sciences is a research institute and natural history museum in San Francisco, California, that is among the largest museums of natural history in the world, housing over 46 million specimens. The academy began in 1853 as a learned society and still carries out a large amount of original research. The institution is located in Golden Gate Park on the West Side of San Francisco.

Completely rebuilt in 2008, the academy's primary building in Golden Gate Park covers 400,000 square feet (37,000 m2). In early 2020, before the COVID-19 pandemic, the California Academy of Sciences had around 500 employees and an annual revenue of about $33 million.
ICore Networks
iCore Networks is an American network as a service provider with headquarters in McLean, Virginia. It specializes in platforms for VoIP networks.

Founded in 2001, the company was known as the largest hosted unified applications and communications company as well as being listed as an Inc. 5000 company. iCore agreed to be purchased by Vonage for $92 million in August 2015.

McLean, Virginia
McLean (/məˈkleɪn/ mə-KLAYN) is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Fairfax County, Virginia, United States. The community's population was 50,773 at the 2020 census. It is located between the Potomac River and Vienna within the Washington metropolitan area.

McLean is home to many wealthy residents, such as diplomats, military, members of Congress, and high-ranking government officials, partially due to its proximity to Washington, D.C., the Pentagon, and the Central Intelligence Agency. It is the location of Hickory Hill, the former home of Ethel Kennedy, the widow of Robert F. Kennedy. It is also the location of Salona, the former home of Light-Horse Harry Lee, the Revolutionary War hero.
Homotopy group
In mathematics, homotopy groups are used in algebraic topology to classify topological spaces. The first and simplest homotopy group is the fundamental group, denoted  which records information about loops in a space.  Intuitively, homotopy groups record information about the basic shape, or holes, of a topological space.

To define the nth homotopy group, the base-point-preserving maps from an n-dimensional sphere (with base point) into a given space (with base point)  are collected into equivalence classes, called homotopy classes. Two mappings are homotopic if one can be continuously deformed into the other. These homotopy classes form a group, called the nth homotopy group,  of the given space X with base point. Topological spaces with differing homotopy groups are never homeomorphic, but topological spaces that are not homeomorphic can have the same homotopy groups.

The notion of homotopy of paths was introduced by Camille Jordan.

Loop (topology)
In mathematics, a loop in a topological space X is a continuous function f from the unit interval I = [0,1] to X such that f(0) = f(1). In other words, it is a path whose initial point is equal to its terminal point.

A loop may also be seen as a continuous map f from the pointed unit circle S1 into X, because S1 may be regarded as a quotient of I under the identification of 0 with 1.

The set of all loops in X forms a space called the loop space of X.
Telejogo II
The Telejogo II is a dedicated first-generation home video game console that was manufactured by Philco and Ford and released in 1979 in Brazil as the successor to the 1977 video game console Telejogo.

In contrast to the predecessor, the paddles are no longer attached to the housing of the console itself, but are removable.

Ford Brasil
Ford Motor Company Brasil Ltda. is the Brazilian subsidiary of American automaker Ford Motor Company, founded on 24 April 1919. The operation started out importing the Ford Model T cars and the Ford Model TT trucks in kit form from the United States for assembly in Brazil. The Ford brand, however, had already been present in the country since 1904 with both vehicles being sold in Brazil.
2023 Federation Cup (Bangladesh) final
The 2023 Federation Cup final was the final match of the 2022–23 Federation Cup (Bangladesh), the 34th edition of Bangladeshi premier club football tournament organised by BFF. It was held at Shaheed Dhirendranath Datta Stadium in Cumilla, on 30 May 2023 between Mohammedan SC and Abahani Limited Dhaka. Mohammedan won the match on 4-2 on penalties after full time 4-4 scoreline.

Shaheed Dhirendranath Datta Stadium
Shaheed Dhirendranath Datta Stadium (Bengali: শহীদ ধীরেন্দ্রনাথ দত্ত স্টেডিয়াম), also known as Comilla Stadium, is a multi-purpose stadium located in Comilla, Bangladesh. The stadium is named after Dhirendranath Datta.
Variable cycle engine
A variable cycle engine (VCE), also referred to as adaptive cycle engine (ACE), is an aircraft jet engine that is designed to operate efficiently under mixed flight conditions, such as subsonic, transonic and supersonic.

An advanced technology engine is a turbine engine that allows different turbines to spin at different, individually optimum speeds, instead of at one speed for all. It emerged on larger airplanes, before finding other applications.

The next generation of supersonic transport (SST) may require some form of VCE. To reduce aircraft drag at supercruise, SST engines require a high specific thrust (net thrust/airflow) to minimize the powerplant's cross-sectional area. This implies a high jet velocity during supersonic cruise and at take-off, which makes the aircraft noisy.

Lycoming ALF 502
The Lycoming ALF 502/LF 507 (later Honeywell ALF 502/LF 507) is a geared turbofan engine produced by Lycoming Engines, AlliedSignal, and  Honeywell Aerospace. The U.S. military designation for the ALF 502 is YF102.
Norris-Stirling House
Norris-Stirling House, also known as Mt. Pleasant, is a historic home located at Bel Air, Harford County, Maryland. It is composed of an early 19th-century fieldstone section and two later frame additions. In 1936, a lean-to addition and double-tiered porch were added.  The property also includes a large frame bank barn and corncrib, a stone springhouse, and a garage.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.

Fieldstone
Fieldstone is a naturally occurring type of stone, which lies at or near the surface of the Earth. Fieldstone is a nuisance for farmers seeking to expand their land under cultivation, but at some point it began to be used as a construction material. Strictly speaking, it is stone collected from the surface of fields where it occurs naturally. Collections of fieldstones which have been removed from arable land or pasture to allow for more effective agriculture are called clearance cairns.

In practice, fieldstone is any architectural stone used in its natural shape and can be applied to stones recovered from the topsoil or subsoil. Although fieldstone is generally used to describe such material when used for exterior walls, it has come to include its use in other ways including garden features and interiors. It is sometimes cut or split for use in architecture.