hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Economics U$A
Economics U$A is a telecourse series covering the subjects of microeconomics and macroeconomics.  The original series debuted in 1985 and has been updated several times since then (most recently in 2011). The series was produced by the Educational Film Center in Annandale, Virginia, with funding from the Annenberg-CPB Project (now Annenberg Media) and broadcast on PBS and educational stations.

The series was hosted by David Schoumacher, with the help of economic analysts Richard T. Gill and Nariman Behravesh (Chief Economist and Executive Vice President, Global Insight).  The series consist largely of interviews of government officials, economic analysts, and people who have experienced important events for the economy of the United States.  Herbert Stein, an economic advisor for the Nixon administration, is one of the many guests interviewed in the series.

Annandale, Virginia
Annandale (/ˈænəndeɪl/) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Fairfax County, Virginia, United States. The population of the CDP was 43,363 as of the 2020 United States census. It is home to the oldest and largest branch of the Northern Virginia Community College system, and to one of the D.C. area's Koreatowns.
Disability in the Middle Ages
Disability is poorly documented in the Middle Ages, though disabled people constituted a large part of medieval society as part of the peasantry, clergy, and nobility. Very little was written or recorded about a general disabled community at the time, but their existence has been preserved through religious texts and some medical journals.

Glass delusion
Glass delusion is an external manifestation of a psychiatric disorder recorded in Europe mainly in the late Middle Ages and early modern period (15th to 17th centuries). People feared that they were made of glass "and therefore likely to shatter into pieces".
Tisamenus (King of Thebes)
In Greek mythology, Tisamenus (Ancient Greek: Τισαμενός) was a king of Thebes, son of Thersander and Demonassa, the daughter of Amphiaraus. When Thersander died on Mysia in the Trojan War, Peneleos acted as regent for Tisamenus until he came of age. Little is known about his rule. He was succeeded by his son Autesion.

Demonassa
In Greek mythology, Demonassa or Demonassae (Ancient Greek: Δημώνασσα)  was a name attributed to five women.

Demonassa, mother of Eurydamas and Eurytion, king of Phthia, by Irus. Otherwise, Eurydamas parentage was given as Ctimenus from Dolopian Ctimene.

Demonassa, wife of King Poeas of Meliboea, by whom she bore Philoctetes. Otherwise, the mother of the hero was called Methone.

Demonassa, mother of Aegialeus by Adrastus.

Demonassa, daughter of Amphiaraus, king of Argos and Eriphyle, and thus, sister to Alcmaeon, Amphilochus, Eurydice, Alcmena and Alexida. She married Thersander and had a son, Tisamenus.
Wadi Shawka
Wadi Shawka (literally 'powerful wadi') is a seasonal watercourse in the Hajar Mountains of Ras Al Khaimah, in the United Arab Emirates. Famous locally for the Shawka Dam, a renowned beauty spot and destination for outdoor sports, the wadi has long been an agricultural area and alongside existing farms, and many abandoned settlements exist on the sides of the wadi. The wadi enjoys unusually high rainfall of some 120mm per annum.

Hajar Mountains
The Hajar Mountains (Arabic: جِبَال ٱلْحَجَر, romanized: Jibāl al-Ḥajar, The Rocky Mountains or The Stone Mountains) are one of the highest mountain ranges in the Arabian Peninsula, shared between northern Oman and eastern United Arab Emirates. Also known as "Oman Mountains", they separate the low coastal plain of Oman from the high desert plateau, and lie 50–100 km (31–62 miles) inland from the Gulf of Oman.
Sosnovsky Urban Settlement
Sosnovsky Urban Settlement or Sosnovskoye Urban Settlement is the name of several municipal formations in Russia.

Sosnovsky Urban Settlement, a municipal formation which Sosnovsky Settlement Council in Sosnovsky District of Tambov Oblast is incorporated as

Sosnovskoye Urban Settlement, a municipal formation which the Town of Sosnovka in Vyatskopolyansky District of Kirov Oblast is incorporated as

Sosnovskoye Urban Settlement, a municipal formation which the Work Settlement of Sosnovskoye in Sosnovsky District of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast is incorporated as

Sosnovka, Vyatskopolyansky District, Kirov Oblast
Sosnovka (Russian: Сосно́вка) is a town in Vyatskopolyansky District of Kirov Oblast, Russia, located on the left bank of the Vyatka River, 362 kilometers (225 mi) south of Kirov, the administrative center of the oblast. Population:  11,960 (2010 Census); 12,840 (2002 Census); 15,179 (1989 Soviet census).
Zeyxuroba
41°47′01″N 48°33′49″E﻿ / ﻿41.78361°N 48.56361°E﻿ / 41.78361; 48.56361

Zeyxuroba (also, Xanoba, Khanoba, and Zeykhuroba) is a village in the Khachmaz Rayon of Azerbaijan.  The village forms part of the municipality of Yalama. The postal code is AZ 2730.

Khachmaz District
41°28′N 48°48′E﻿ / ﻿41.467°N 48.800°E﻿ / 41.467; 48.800

Khachmaz District (Azerbaijani: Xaçmaz rayonu; Lezgian: Хъачмаз район) is one of the 66 districts of Azerbaijan. It is located in the northeast of the country and belongs to the Guba-Khachmaz Economic Region. The district borders the districts of Qusar, Quba, Shabran, and the Russian Republic of Dagestan. Its capital and largest city is Khachmaz. As of 2020, the district had a population of 179,800.
Hubballi Junction railway station
Shree Siddharoodha Swamiji Hubballi Junction Railway Station (Station code: UBL), is a railway junction station under Hubballi railway division of South Western Railway zone (SWR) of Indian Railways situated in Hubballi, Karnataka, India. The platform number 1 of Hubballi Junction has a length of 1,507 metres, making it the longest railway platform in the world as of March 2023.

SSS Hubballi Junction Railway Station has three entrances to get into station. One is the main entrance, the other in front of Central Railway Hospital of Gadag road, and the third one few metres ahead of main entrance i.e near yard. The station has an interesting platform bifurcation. It has total 8 platforms, five of them are alike other stations i.e one beside the other, and the other three in the next entry. The longest platform is divided into two parts, it has platform no 1 and 8 on same platform.

Junction (rail)
A junction, in the context of rail transport, is a place at which two or more rail routes converge or diverge. The physical connection between the tracks of the two routes (assuming they are of the same gauge) is provided by turnouts (US: switches) and signalling.
Aaron Muss
Aaron "AJ" Muss (born December 15, 1994) is an American snowboarder and racing driver.

He competed in the 2013 and 2017 FIS Snowboard World Championships, and in the 2018 Winter Olympics, in parallel giant slalom. Muss made the switch to competitive motorsport in 2020, racing in the Michelin Pilot Challenge for Hyundai before making it all the way to the IMSA SportsCar Championship in 2025.

FIS Snowboard World Championships
The FIS Snowboarding World Championships is the world championship organized by the FIS for Snowboarding. It was first held in 1996 and is now held every odd year. The championship events include Big air, Halfpipe, Parallel giant slalom, Parallel slalom, Slopestyle and Snowboard cross for both genders as well as mixed team events in Parallel slalom and Snowboard cross.
Bortolotto
Bortolotto is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Claudio Bortolotto (born 1952), Italian cyclist

Mario Bortolotto (1957–2022), Australian rules footballer

Roberto Bortolotto (athlete) (born 1967), Brazilian sprinter

Roberto Bortolotto (born 1984), Italian footballer

Roberto Bortolotto (athlete)
Roberto Carlos Bortolotto (born 7 April 1967) is a retired Brazilian sprinter who specialised in the 400 metres. He represented his country at one outdoor and one indoor World Championships.

His personal bests in the event are 45.91 seconds outdoors (São Paulo 1991) and 49.07 seconds indoors (Seville 1991).
Sakiroo
Sakiroo (Korean: 사키루), born Choi Sang-hyun (Korean: 최상현; Hanja: 崔相賢), is a South Korean illustrator and character designer. The subjects for his work are varied and include caricatures of sports figures. He has been involved in exhibits and projects (see below), including those in South Korea, France, England, United Arab Emirates, China, Singapore, United States, Mexico, Colombia, and Venezuela. He lives and works in Bucheon, just outside Seoul.

Caricature
A caricature is a rendered image showing the features of its subject in a simplified or exaggerated way through sketching, pencil strokes, or other artistic drawings (compare to: cartoon). Caricatures can be either insulting or complimentary, and can serve a political purpose, be drawn solely for entertainment, or for a combination of both. Caricatures of politicians are commonly used in newspapers and news magazines as political cartoons, while caricatures of movie stars are often found in entertainment magazines. In literature, a caricature is a distorted representation of a person in a way that exaggerates some characteristics and oversimplifies others.
2005 Latvian Higher League
The 2005 season in the Latvian Higher League, named Virslīga, was the 15th domestic football (soccer) competition since the Baltic nation gained independence from the Soviet Union on 6 September 1991. Eight teams competed in this edition, with FK Liepājas Metalurgs claiming the title.

FK Liepājas Metalurgs
FK Liepājas Metalurgs (Latvian: Futbola klubs "Liepājas metalurgs") was a Latvian football club in the city of Liepāja that played in the Virslīga. They played at the Daugava Stadium (capacity 5,083). In 2005 Liepājas Metalurgs became the first team other than Skonto Riga to win the Virslīga since the league restarted in 1991. After the 2013 league season the club was dissolved due to the bankruptcy of its sole sponsor metallurgical plant Liepājas Metalurgs. The club was replaced by FK Liepāja, founded in 2014.
The Testament of Ann Lee
The Testament of Ann Lee is a 2025 epic historical musical drama film directed by Mona Fastvold, who co-wrote it with Brady Corbet. The film stars Amanda Seyfried as Ann Lee, the founding leader of the Shakers religious sect in the 18th century. The supporting cast includes Thomasin McKenzie, Lewis Pullman, Stacy Martin, Tim Blake Nelson, and Christopher Abbott.

The Testament of Ann Lee had its premiere in the main competition of the 82nd Venice International Film Festival on 1 September 2025, where it was nominated for the Golden Lion, and was given a limited theatrical release in the United States on 25 December and the United Kingdom on 27 February 2026 by Searchlight Pictures. The film received positive reviews from critics, with Seyfried receiving acclaim for her performance (often described as "career-best") and earning nominations for the Golden Globe Award and the Critics' Choice Award for Best Actress.

Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy
The Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy is a Golden Globe Award that was first awarded by the Hollywood Foreign Press Association as a separate category in 1951. Previously, there was a single award for "Best Actress in a Motion Picture", but the splitting allowed for recognition of it and the Best Actress – Drama.

The formal title has varied since its inception. In 2005, it was officially called "Best Performance by an Actress in a Motion Picture – Comedy or Musical". The current wording is "Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy".
Amaret Records
Amaret Records was a record label that operated between 1968 and 1973. Among the artists that had their recordings released on the label were hard rock group Crow, Country singer Judy Lynn and singer Mrs Miller.

Crow (band)
Crow is an American rock band that was first active from 1967 to 1972.  They are best known for the song "Evil Woman (Don't Play Your Games with Me)", which was notably covered by Black Sabbath (on their debut album) and Ike & Tina Turner with the title "Evil Man".
Houblon's Almshouses
Houblon's Almshouses are Grade II* listed almshouses in Richmond, London. They were founded in the 18th century by two sisters, Rebecca and Susanna Houblon, whose father, Sir John Houblon, had been  the first Governor of the Bank of England. The oldest almshouses were built in 1757, originally to house nine poor women who had been brought up in the Protestant religion. A further two almshouses were built in 1857.

The almshouses are now managed by The Richmond Charities. New residents are accepted from 65 years of age.

John Houblon
Sir John Houblon (13 March 1632 – 10 January 1712) was an English merchant and banker who served as the first governor of the Bank of England from 1694 to 1697. He also served as the Lord Mayor of London in 1695.
Adrian Faherty
Adrian Faherty (born 8 May 1988) is a former Gaelic football goalkeeper who played club football with Claregalway and inter-county for Galway from 2008 to 2012 and London for the 2014 season.

Faherty made his senior debut in 2008 during the league against Laois but never got his championship start until 2009 where they faced Sligo which proved a tight game but Galway got a 1-13 to 0-12 win to advance to the Connacht final.

On 19 July 2009 Galway faced (and were defeated by) Mayo. Galway faced Donegal in Round 4 of the All-Ireland qualifiers with Faherty in goal; however, Donegal ended Galway's campaign by knocking them out of the Championship.

He also played for Salthill Devon in the League of Ireland First Division.

He emigrated to London and wasn't involved with Galway for the 2013 season.

League of Ireland First Division
The League of Ireland First Division, also known as the SSE Airtricity League First Division for sponsorship reasons, is the second-highest division in both the League of Ireland and the Republic of Ireland football league system. The division was formed in 1985 as it replaced the League of Ireland B Division as the League of Ireland's second level division. Since 2003 the First Division has operated as a summer league. The division is contested by 10 clubs.
Gorley Hill
Gorley Hill is the site of a former Iron Age promontory hillfort located in Hampshire in the United Kingdom.

The fort once occupied the southwestern corner of Gorley Common on Gorley Hill, a gravel-capped spur that points southwest into the Avon valley next to the hamlet of North Gorley, between the towns of Fordingbridge and Ringwood. The earthworks were destroyed in the 1950s and '60s when the common's new owners carried out large-scale gravel extraction works, effectively "scalping" the hill. The tall linear earthen banks present on the hill are a relic of the quarrying process and not prehistoric in origin. The site is now grass, with some gorse and silver birch. The area is now owned and managed by Hampshire County Council.

Heywood Sumner carried out some excavation at the site which was published in his 1917 book Ancient Earthworks of the New Forest.

Ringwood, Hampshire
Ringwood is a market town in south-west Hampshire, England, on the River Avon close to the New Forest, northeast of Bournemouth and southwest of Southampton. It was founded by the Anglo-Saxons, and has held a weekly market since the Middle Ages.
Sturgis Municipal Airport (Kentucky)
Sturgis Municipal Airport (ICAO: KTWT, FAA LID: TWT) is a public use airport located two nautical miles (4 km) east of the central business district of Sturgis, a city in Union County, Kentucky, United States. It is owned by the Union County Air Board. The airport was built in 1941 by the U.S. Army to provide pilot training during World War II.

Although most U.S. airports use the same three-letter location identifier for the FAA and IATA, this airport is assigned TWT by the FAA but has no designation from the IATA (which assigned TWT to an airport in Tawitawi, Philippines).

Sturgis, Kentucky
Sturgis is a home rule-class city in Union County, Kentucky, United States. As of the 2020 census, Sturgis had a population of 1,735. Located in northwest Kentucky, the city was founded in 1890 and named for Samuel Sturgis, who owned the land now occupied by the city.
Kangeyam
Kangeyam (Tamil: [kaːŋɡeːjam]) is a town and municipality in Kangeyam taluk of Tiruppur district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Situated along the National Highway 81, it is around 28 km (17 mi) from the district headquarters Tiruppur. the economy of the town is dependent on agriculture and allied activities including rice hulling, coconut oil and ghee extraction. The Kangayam cattle is a breed of cattle that is indigenous to the area around Kangeyam.

Kangayam Assembly constituency
11°00′19″N 77°33′43″E﻿ / ﻿11.0054°N 77.5620°E﻿ / 11.0054; 77.5620

Kangayam is a state assembly constituency in Tiruppur district in Tamil Nadu. Its State Assembly Constituency number is 102. It consists of Kangayam taluk and a portion of Perundurai taluk. It falls under Erode Lok Sabha constituency. It is one of the 234 State Legislative Assembly Constituencies in Tamil Nadu, in India.
Papua New Guinea Party
The Papua New Guinea Party is a political party in Papua New Guinea. It was founded in 2007 by former Prime Minister and Leader of the People's Democratic Movement, Mekere Morauta, along with MP Wake Goi.

The party won 8 out of 109 seats in the 2007 General Election. With this result, the party became the largest opposition party.

When Morauta stepped down from the leadership of the opposition and of the party in May 2010, Belden Namah was elected to succeed him in both positions. In August 2011, following a change in government, Namah became Deputy Prime Minister under PM Peter O'Neill, as part of a coalition government.

By January 2012, the party's parliamentary membership had increased to 25, as members of smaller parties joined.

The party has 3 members in the 113-seat National Parliament of Papua New Guinea as of December 2022.

Peter O'Neill
Peter Charles Paire O'Neill (born 13 February 1965) is a Papua New Guinean politician who served as the seventh Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea from 2011 to 2019. He has been a Member of Parliament for Ialibu-Pangia since 2002. He was a former cabinet minister and the leader of the People's National Congress between 2006 and 2022. He resigned his position as prime minister to avoid a vote of no confidence, and he was succeeded by James Marape.
Jai Ho (film)
Jai Ho (transl. Let there be Victory) is a 2014 Indian Hindi-language  political action drama film directed by Sohail Khan, who also produced the film under the banner Sohail Khan Productions and co-produced by Sunil Lulla under Eros International, which distributed the film. It is an official remake of the Telugu film Stalin, which is also inspired by the American-drama film Pay It Forward. The film stars Salman Khan, Tabu, Daisy Shah, Danny Denzongpa, Sana Khan and Aditya Pancholi, while Suniel Shetty and Genelia D'Souza make cameo appearances.

Jai Ho was released on 24 January 2014, during the Republic Day weekend, and received mixed reviews from critics. It became a commercial success grossing ₹195 crore (US$23 million) at the box office, becoming the sixth highest-grossing Bollywood film of 2014.

Pay It Forward (film)
Pay It Forward is a 2000 American romantic drama film directed by Mimi Leder. The film is based loosely on the novel of the same name by Catherine Ryan Hyde. It is set in Las Vegas, and it chronicles 12 year-old Trevor McKinney's launch of a goodwill movement known as "pay it forward". It stars Haley Joel Osment as Trevor, Helen Hunt as his alcoholic single mother Arlene McKinney, and Kevin Spacey as his physically and emotionally scarred social studies teacher Eugene Simonet. The film was released on October 20, 2000, to mixed reviews and was a box office disappointment, grossing $55.7 million worldwide against a $40 million budget.
Ethylparaben
Ethylparaben (ethyl para-hydroxybenzoate) is the ethyl ester of p-hydroxybenzoic acid. Its formula is HO-C6H4-CO-O-CH2CH3. It is a member of the class of compounds known as parabens.

It is used as an antifungal preservative. As a food additive, it has E number E214.

Sodium ethyl para-hydroxybenzoate, the sodium salt of ethylparaben, has the same uses and is given the E number E215.

4-Hydroxybenzoic acid
4-Hydroxybenzoic acid, also known as p-hydroxybenzoic acid (PHBA), is a monohydroxybenzoic acid, a phenolic derivative of benzoic acid. It is a white crystalline solid that is slightly soluble in water and chloroform but more soluble in polar organic solvents such as alcohols and acetone. 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid is primarily known as the basis for the preparation of its esters, known as parabens, which are used as preservatives in cosmetics and some ophthalmic solutions.  It is isomeric with 2-hydroxybenzoic acid, known as salicylic acid, a precursor to aspirin, and with 3-hydroxybenzoic acid.
Norman Solomon
Norman Solomon (born July 7, 1951) is an American journalist, media critic, left-leaning progressive activist, and former U.S. congressional candidate. Solomon is a longtime associate of the media watch group Fairness & Accuracy In Reporting (FAIR). In 1997 he founded the Institute for Public Accuracy, which works to provide alternative sources for journalists, and serves as its executive director.

Solomon's weekly column, "Media Beat", was in national syndication from 1992 to 2009. In 2012, Solomon ran for Congress in California's 2nd congressional district. He attended the 2016 and 2020 Democratic National Conventions as a Bernie Sanders delegate. Since 2011, he has been the national director of RootsAction.org.

Watchdog journalism
Watchdog journalism is a form of investigative journalism in which journalists, authors or publishers of a news publication fact-check and interview political and public figures to increase accountability in democratic governance systems.
2015 German Open – Doubles
Marin Draganja and Florin Mergea were the defending champions, but Mergea decided not to participate this year. Draganja paired up with Henri Kontinen, but lost in the first round to Martin Kližan and Lukáš Rosol.
Jamie Murray and John Peers won the title, defeating Juan Sebastián Cabal and Robert Farah in the final, 2–6, 6–3, [10–8].

Henri Kontinen
Henri Kontinen (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈhenri ˈkontinen]; born 19 June 1990) is a Finnish former professional tennis player who is a former world No. 1 in doubles.

After being forced to end his singles career at a young age due to injuries, having reached a career-high ranking of No. 220, Kontinen became a successful doubles player. He is a two-time Grand Slam champion, having won the 2017 Australian Open with John Peers in men's doubles, and the 2016 Wimbledon Championships in mixed doubles alongside Heather Watson. Kontinen and Peers also won the 2016 and 2017 ATP Finals, and reached the final at the 2019 Australian Open.

He has won 21 doubles titles on the ATP Tour, and became world No. 1 for the first time on 3 April 2017, spending 26 weeks at the top of the rankings. Kontinen and Peers have also won three titles at Masters 1000 level. He has represented Finland in the Davis Cup since 2008, often alongside his younger brother, Micke, who is himself a former tennis player.