hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Internet activism during the 2009 Iranian election protests
Internet activism and, specifically, social networking has been instrumental in organizing many of the 2009 Iranian election protests. Online sites have been uploading amateur pictures and video, and Twitter, Facebook, and blogs have been places for protesters to gather and exchange information. Although some scholars in the West stress that Twitter has been used to organize protests, Iranian scholars argue that Twitter was hardly used by Iranian citizens in the midst of the 2009 protests.

Internet activism
Internet activism involves the use of electronic-communication technologies such as social media, e-mail, and podcasts for various forms of activism to enable faster and more effective communication by citizen movements, the delivery of particular information to large and specific audiences, as well as coordination. Internet technologies are used by activists for cause-related fundraising, community building, lobbying, and organizing. A digital-activism campaign is "an
organized public effort, making collective claims on a target authority, in which civic initiators or supporters use digital media."  Research has started to address specifically how activist/advocacy groups in the U.S. and in Canada use social media to achieve digital-activism objectives.
Iona Tuskiya
Iona Tuskiya (1901–1963) was a Soviet composer from Georgia SSR. He composed music for various movies, such as Eliso in 1928. In 1943, he along with several other composers, had entries for a contest to find out what song should be chosen as the National Anthem of the Soviet Union; the contest was eventually won by Alexander Alexandrov. His students included composers Vaja Azarashvili, Dagmara Slianova-Mizandari and Tamara Antonovna Shaverzashvili.

Alexander Vasilyevich Alexandrov
Alexander Vasilyevich Alexandrov (13 April [O.S. 1 April] 1883 – 8 July 1946; born Koptelov or Koptelev), was a Soviet and Russian composer and founder of the Alexandrov Ensemble, who wrote the music for the State Anthem of the Soviet Union, which in 2000 became the National Anthem of the Russian Federation (with new lyrics). During his career, he also worked as a professor of the Moscow Conservatory, and became a Doctor of Arts. His work was recognized by the awards of the title of People's Artist of the USSR and two Stalin Prizes.
Herbert Diess
Herbert Diess (born 24 October 1958) is an Austrian businessman, the former (2018-2022) chairman of the board of management of Volkswagen Group, he also held the position of chairman of the board of management for the Volkswagen Passenger Cars brand.

Automotive News
Automotive News is a weekly newspaper established in 1925, written for the automotive industry, predominantly for individuals corresponding with automobile manufacturers and automotive suppliers. It is based in Detroit and owned by Crain Communications Inc. Globally, there are more than 55 editors and reporters.

The company's headquarters is located at 1155 Gratiot Avenue in downtown Detroit, Michigan.
Trav'lin' Light (Anita O'Day album)
Trav'lin' Light is an album by Anita O'Day released on Norman Granz's Verve record label in 1961. It was a tribute to her idol Billie Holiday.  It was recorded January 18 and 19, 1961, in Los Angeles, California.  The music was arranged by Johnny Mandel and Russ Garcia and features Ben Webster and Mel Lewis among the personnel.

Johnny Mandel
John Alfred Mandel (November 23, 1925 – June 29, 2020) was an American composer and arranger of popular songs, film music and jazz. The musicians he worked with include Count Basie, Frank Sinatra, Peggy Lee, Anita O'Day, Barbra Streisand, Tony Bennett, Diane Schuur and Shirley Horn. He won five Grammy Awards, from 17 nominations; his first nomination was for his debut film score for the multi-nominated 1958 film I Want to Live!
Ousmane (film)
Ousmane is a Canadian short drama film, directed by Jorge Camarotti and released in 2021. The film stars Isaka Sawadogo as Ousmane, a Burkinabé immigrant newly resident in Montreal, who finds his neighbour Édith (Marie-Ginette Guay) disoriented in the hall when he is returning home from work.

The film was screened for distributors at the Cannes Film Market in July 2021, and had its official premiere at the 2021 Toronto International Film Festival.

The film was a Canadian Screen Award nominee for Best Live Action Short Drama at the 10th Canadian Screen Awards, and a Prix Iris nominee for Best Live Action Short Film at the 24th Quebec Cinema Awards.

Canadian Screen Award for Best Live Action Short Drama
The Canadian Screen Award for Best Live Action Short Drama is awarded by the Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television to the best Canadian live action short film. Formerly part of the Genie Awards, since 2012 it has been presented as part of the Canadian Screen Awards.

In the 1980s and 1990s, the award was not always presented at every Genie Award ceremony. In years when the award was not presented, a single award was instead presented for Best Theatrical Short Film, inclusive of both animated and live-action shorts. Under current Academy regulations, the awards for live action and animated shorts can be collapsed into a single award if either category receives two or fewer eligible submissions, but remain separate if both categories surpass two submissions.
Tribal knowledge
Tribal knowledge is knowledge that is known within an in-group of people but unknown outside of it. A tribe, in this sense, is a group of people that share such a common knowledge. In the context of corporations, tribal knowledge or know-how has been described most broadly as the collective wisdom of the organization and the sum of all the knowledge and capabilities of all the people;
however, in management science, it is usually viewed as a particular subset thereof: a type of institutional memory that lacks adequate documentation, such that its preservation in the organization over time relies solely on processes such as mentoring, apprenticeship, on-the-job training, and, at the heart of all of those, continuity of staffing, which is inherently vulnerable to employee turnover (of both workers and managers). It is knowledge that is necessary to an organization's function and yet is inadequately documented or otherwise captured.

Documentation
Documentation is any communicable material that is used to describe, explain, or instruct regarding some attributes of an object, system, or procedure, such as its parts, assembly, installation, maintenance, and use. As a form of knowledge management and knowledge organization, documentation can be provided on paper, online, or on digital or analog media, such as audio tape or CDs. Examples of such resources include user guides, white papers, online help, and quick-reference guides. Paper or hard-copy documentation has become less common. Contemporary documentation is often distributed through websites, software products, and other online applications.

Documentation, understood as a set of instructional materials, should not be confused with documentation science, which is the study of the recording and retrieval of information.
Ivana Mendoza
Ivana Elizabeth Mendoza Álvarez (born 19 May 1995) is a Paraguayan footballer who plays as a midfielder for Club Sol de América and the Paraguay women's national team.

In February 2006, Mendoza debuted for UAA in the Campeonato Paraguayo de Fútbol Femenino at the age of 11, tying Gloria Villamayor for the feat. She has also played for the Paraguay women's under-17 team.

Paraguayan Women's Football Championship
The Campeonato Anual FEM (English: Annual W Championship) is the top-level league competition for women's football in Paraguay. The winner and runner-up qualify for the Copa Libertadores Femenina, the South American Women's Champions League. The competition is organised by the Paraguayan Football Association.
Balance disorder
A balance disorder is a disturbance that causes an individual to feel unsteady, for example when standing or walking. It may be accompanied by feelings of giddiness, or wooziness, or having a sensation of movement, spinning, or floating. Balance is the result of several body systems working together: the visual system (eyes), vestibular system (ears) and proprioception (the body's sense of where it is in space). Degeneration or loss of function in any of these systems can lead to balance deficits.

Proprioception
Proprioception (/ˌproʊpri.oʊˈsɛpʃən, -ə-/ PROH-pree-oh-SEP-shən, -⁠ə-) is the sense of self-movement, force, and body position.

Proprioception is mediated by proprioceptors, a type of sensory receptor, located within muscles, tendons, and joints. Most animals possess multiple subtypes of proprioceptors, which detect distinct kinesthetic parameters, such as joint position, movement, and load. Although all mobile animals possess proprioceptors, the structure of the sensory organs can vary across species.

Proprioceptive signals are transmitted to the central nervous system, where they are integrated with information from other sensory systems, such as the visual system and the vestibular system, to create an overall representation of body position, movement, and acceleration. In many animals, sensory feedback from proprioceptors is essential for stabilizing body posture and coordinating body movement.
2001 Hutchinson gas explosions
On January 17, 2001, natural gas stored underground at the Yaggy storage field nearby Hutchinson, Kansas, leaked into empty brine caverns and salt wells, resulting in two gas explosions in the city of Hutchinson on January 17 and 18.

Salt well
A salt well (or brine well) is used to mine salt from caverns or deposits. Water is used as a solution to dissolve the salt or halite deposits so that they can be extracted by pipe to an evaporation process, which results in either a brine or a dry product for sale or local use.  In the United States during the 19th century, salt wells were a significant source of income for operators and the government. Locating underground salt deposits was usually based on locations of existing salt springs.

In mountainous areas, a similar technique called sink works (from German sinkwerk) is used.
Shaun Alexander
Shaun Edward Alexander (born August 30, 1977) is an American former professional football running back who played in the National Football League (NFL) for the Seattle Seahawks and Washington Redskins. He played college football for the Alabama Crimson Tide, earning first-team All-American honors in 1999. He was selected by the Seahawks 19th overall in the 2000 NFL draft. In 2011, he was inducted into the Alabama Sports Hall of Fame.

Alexander set numerous NFL and Seahawks' franchise records and was named the NFL MVP in 2005.  He was also named to the NFL's 2000 All-Decade team, and is tied in ranking ninth all time in NFL history for rushing touchdowns (100). Alexander was the first athlete featured on the cover of both the NCAA Football and Madden NFL series of video games.

Alabama Sports Hall of Fame
The Alabama Sports Hall of Fame (ASHOF) is a state museum located in Birmingham, Alabama, dedicated to communicating the state’s athletic history. The museum displays over 5,000 objects related to athletes who were born in Alabama or earned fame through athletics that reflects positively upon the state, usually through excellence at an educational institution or sporting event in Alabama. The ASHOF was established by state legislative act on August 14, 1967.
Nail (surname)
Nail or Nails is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bethanie Nail (born 1956), Australian retired runner

Bobby Nail (1925–1995), American bridge player

David Nail (born 1979), American country music singer-songwriter

Jimmy Nail (born 1954), English actor and singer

John E. Nail (1883–1947), African-American real estate agent

Debra Nails (born 1950), American philosophy professor and classics scholar

Jamie Nails (born 1977), American former National Football League player

David Nail
David Brent Nail (born May 18, 1979) is an American singer/songwriter and country music artist. In 2002, he debuted the single "Memphis" from an unreleased album for Mercury Records Nashville. Five years later, he signed with MCA Nashville, for which he has released four studio albums: I'm About to Come Alive, The Sound of a Million Dreams, I'm a Fire, and Fighter plus two extended plays, 1979 and Uncovered. The albums have produced seven chart entries on Hot Country Songs and Country Airplay, including two that have reached No. 1: "Let It Rain" (featuring Sarah Buxton) and "Whatever She's Got", plus the top 10 hit "Red Light".
Martine Labbé
Martine Labbé (born 5 January 1958) is a Belgian operations researcher known for her work on mathematical optimization, facility location, and road pricing. She is an honorary professor of graphs and mathematical optimization in the department of computer science at the Université libre de Bruxelles, editor-in-chief of the EURO Journal on Computational Optimization, and a former president of the Association of European Operational Research Societies (EURO).

Université libre de Bruxelles
The Université libre de Bruxelles (French, pronounced [ynivɛʁsite libʁ də bʁysɛl]; lit. Free University of Brussels; abbreviated ULB) is a French- and English-speaking research university in Brussels, Belgium. It has three campuses: the Solbosch/Solbos campus (in the City of Brussels and Ixelles), the La Plaine/Het Plein campus (in Ixelles) and the Erasme/Erasmus campus (in Anderlecht).

The Université libre de Bruxelles was formed in 1969 by the splitting of the Free University of Brussels, which was founded in 1834 by the lawyer and liberal politician Pierre-Théodore Verhaegen. The founder aimed to establish a university independent from state and church, where academic freedom would prevail. This is still reflected in the university's motto Scientia vincere tenebras, or "Conquering darkness through science".

In 2012, the ULB had about 24,200 students, a diverse student population as well as a diverse staff.
Bonded Vault heist
The Bonded Vault heist was the August 1975 robbery of the Bonded Vault Company, a commercial safe-deposit business occupying a vault inside Hudson Fur Storage in Providence, Rhode Island. It served as the unofficial "bank" used by the Patriarca crime family and associates. The stolen valuables were worth about $30 million (equivalent to $175.3 million in 2024). According to The Providence Journal, it was among the biggest heists in US history and resulted in the longest and costliest criminal trial in Rhode Island history.

The Providence Journal
The Providence Journal, colloquially known as the ProJo, is a daily newspaper serving the metropolitan area of Providence, and is the largest newspaper in Rhode Island, US. The newspaper was first published in 1829. The newspaper had won four Pulitzer Prizes as of 2023.

The Journal bills itself as "America's oldest daily newspaper in continuous publication", as the Hartford Courant, started in 1764, did not become a daily until 1837, and the New York Post, which began daily publication in 1801, suspended publication during strikes in 1958 and 1978.
Feixia railway station
Feixia railway station (simplified Chinese: 飞霞站; traditional Chinese: 飛霞站; pinyin: Fēixiá Zhàn; Cantonese Yale: Fēihah Jaahm) is a railway station located in Qingcheng District, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China. It opened on 28 December 2024, being the northern terminus of the Guangzhou–Qingyuan intercity railway.

Yale romanization of Cantonese
The Yale romanization of Cantonese was developed by Yale scholar Gerard P. Kok for his and Parker Po-fei Huang's textbook Speak Cantonese initially circulated in looseleaf form in 1952 but later published in 1958. Unlike the Yale romanization of Mandarin, it is still widely used in books and dictionaries, especially for foreign learners of Cantonese. It shares some similarities with Hanyu Pinyin in that unvoiced, unaspirated consonants are represented by letters traditionally used in English and most other European languages to represent voiced sounds. For example, [p] is represented as b in Yale, whereas its aspirated counterpart, [pʰ] is represented as p. Students attending the Chinese University of Hong Kong's New-Asia Yale-in-China Chinese Language Center are taught using Yale romanization.

Some enthusiasts employ Yale romanisation to explore writing Cantonese as an alphabetic language.
2015 Korea Masters Grand Prix Gold
The 2015 Korea Masters Grand Prix Gold was the sixteenth badminton tournament of the 2015 BWF Grand Prix and Grand Prix Gold. The tournament was held in Hwasan Gymnasium, Jeonju, South Korea November 3–8, 2015 and had a total purse of $120,000.

Chae Yoo-jung
Chae Yoo-jung (Korean: 채유정; Hanja: 蔡侑玎; born 9 May 1995) is a South Korean badminton player who affiliated with Incheon International Airport team. She is the daughter of former singles player Kim Bok-sun. She won the mixed doubles title at the 2023 World Championships. Chae was a part of the Korean national team that won the world mixed team championships at the 2017 Sudirman Cup.
Teddy (dog)
Teddy the Dog or Keystone Teddy (1910/11 – May 17, 1925) was the most famous animal actor associated with the Mack Sennett studios. The Great Dane was one of only three (with Mabel Normand and Roscoe Arbuckle) of the studio's stars whose name appeared in the title of a film (Teddy at the Throttle). He performed chiefly in Sennett comedies, but he also appeared in dramatic films including Stella Maris (1918), The Strangers' Banquet (1922) and A Boy of Flanders (1924).: 549

According to film crews and fellow cast members, Teddy behaved on set as professionally as any human actor. He is credited with appearing in at least 60 films, nearly all shorts, between 1915 and 1924.

Owned and trained by Joseph E. Simkins, Teddy weighed 145 pounds (66 kg) and stood 42 inches (110 cm) tall.: 76, 549  He died May 17, 1925, aged 14, at Simkins's home in Hollywood.

Mack Sennett
Mack Sennett (born Michael Sinnott; January 17, 1880 – November 5, 1960) was a Canadian-American producer, director, actor, and studio head who was known as the "King of Comedy" during his career.

Born in Danville, Quebec, he started acting in films in the Biograph Company of New York City in 1908, and later opened Keystone Studios in Edendale, California in 1912. Keystone possessed the first fully enclosed film stage, and Sennett became famous as the originator of slapstick routines such as pie-throwing and car-chases, as seen in the Keystone Cops films. He also produced short features that displayed his Bathing Beauties, many of whom had  acting careers.

After struggling with bankruptcy and the dominance of sound films in the early 1930s, Sennett was presented with an honorary Academy Award in 1938 for his contributions to the film industry, with the academy describing him as a "master of fun, discoverer of stars, sympathetic, kindly, understanding comedy genius".
Brezovica pri Dobu
Brezovica pri Dobu (pronounced [ˈbɾéːzɔʋitsa pɾi ˈdóːbu]; German: Bresowitz: 18 ) is a settlement in the Municipality of Domžale in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia. It includes the hamlets of Spodnja Brezovica (German: Unterbresowitz: 19 ) and Zgornja Brezovica (German: Oberbresowitz: 19 ).

Upper Carniola
Littoral

Carniola: 2a Upper, 2b Inner, 2c Lower

Carinthia

Styria

Prekmurje

Upper Carniola (Slovene: Gorenjska pronounced [ɡɔˈɾèːnska]; Italian: Alta Carniola; German: Oberkrain) is a traditional region of Slovenia, the northern mountainous part of the larger Carniola region. The largest town in the region is Kranj, and other urban centers include Kamnik, Jesenice, Domžale and Škofja Loka. It has around 300,000 inhabitants or 14% of the population of Slovenia.
Alenka Puhar
Alenka Puhar (born 4 February 1945) is a Slovenian journalist, author, translator, and historian. In 1982, she wrote a groundbreaking psychohistory-inspired book "The Primal Text of Life" (in Slovene: Prvotno besedilo življenja) about the 19th century social history of early childhood in Slovene Lands, then part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The book was in 2010 the subject of a television documentary that was in 2010 televised on the national RTV Slovenija. Her grandfather was the photographer and inventor Janez Puhar, who invented a process for photography on glass.

Early childhood
Early childhood is a stage in human development following infancy and preceding middle childhood. It generally includes toddlerhood and some time afterward. Play age is an unspecific designation approximately within the scope of early childhood.
Xylopia macrantha
Xylopia macrantha is a species of plant in the Annonaceae family. It is native to
Colombia, Costa Rica and Panama. José Jerónimo Triana and Jules Émile Planchon, the botanists who first formally described the species, named it after its large flowers (Latinized forms of Greek μακρoς, macros and ανθος, anthos).

Annonaceae
The Annonaceae are a family of flowering plants consisting of trees, shrubs, or rarely lianas commonly known as the custard apple family or soursop family. With 108 accepted genera and about 2400 known species, it is the largest family in the Magnoliales. Several genera produce edible fruit, most notably Annona, Anonidium, Asimina, Rollinia, and Uvaria. Its type genus is Annona. The family is concentrated in the tropics, with few species found in temperate regions. About 900 species are Neotropical, 450 are Afrotropical, and the remaining are Indomalayan.
Statues Without Hearts
"Statues Without Hearts" is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Larry Gatlin.  It was released in October 1976 as the third single from the album High Time.  The song reached number 5 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.

Larry Gatlin & the Gatlin Brothers
Larry Gatlin & the Gatlin Brothers are an American country music vocal group. The group consists of lead singer Larry Gatlin (born May 2, 1948) and his brothers, Rudy and Steve Gatlin. The group achieved considerable success within the country music genre, performing on 33 top 40 country singles.

The group is known for Larry's tenor voice and for the country songs that they recorded in the 1970s and 1980s. Some of Gatlin's greatest hits include "Broken Lady", "All the Gold in California", "Houston (Means I'm One Day Closer to You)", "She Used to Be Somebody's Baby" and "Night Time Magic". During this time, country music trended toward slick pop-music arrangements in a style that came to be known as Countrypolitan. Gatlin and the Gatlin Brothers came to prominence and enjoyed their greatest success during this period with hit singles that showcased the brothers' rich gospel-inflected harmonies and Larry's poetic lyrics.
Ahmadiyya in Afghanistan
Ahmadiyya is an Islamic community in India, under the leadership of the caliph in London. The earliest contact with the Ahmadiyya movement in Islam and the Punjabi people within modern-day boundaries of India & Pakistan, occurred during the lifetime of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad. The movement began by Ahmad, was largely seen as apostasy by most other Muslim groups, including by those in Afghanistan, and accordingly only twelve years after Ahmad's claim to be the promised Mahdi, two of the foremost Ahmadi Muslims were stoned to death in Kabul during 1901 to 1903. The killings continued until 1925, when in 1924–1925, under Emir Amanullah Khan, affiliation with Ahmadiyya beliefs became a capital offence and those who converted were forcibly reverted.

Qadian
Qadian (Punjabi pronunciation: [käːd̪ijä̃ː]; Hindustani pronunciation: [qɑːd̪ijɑ̃ːn]) is a town and a municipal council in Gurdaspur district, north-east of Amritsar, situated 18 kilometres (11 mi) north-east of Batala city in the state of Punjab, India. Qadian is the birthplace of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, the founder of the Ahmadiyya movement within Islam. It remained the headquarters of the movement until the Partition of India in 1947.