hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Costa Daurada
The Costa Daurada (Catalan: [ˈkɔstə ðəwˈɾaðə]; Spanish: Costa Dorada [ˈkosta ðoˈɾaða]; meaning in English "Golden Coast") is an area on the coast of Catalonia, Spain, between Cunit and Alcanar on the Mediterranean Sea.

Its traditional banks are the deltas of the Foix and Ebro rivers, although it mainly refers to the entire province of Tarragona. To the north it borders the Garraf Massif and it borders the Costa del Azahar
to the south.

Places of interest include the El Vendrell beaches, the town of Roc de San Gaieta, the Roman Arch of Bará, the remains of Tarraco, declared a World Heritage Site and as well as several small towns or places such as Sant Carles de la Ràpita, with one of the best fishing ports in this entire coastal sector. Inlands, the walled town of Montblanc and the Poblet Abbey stand out, where various kings of the Crown of Aragon lie.

Another tourist attraction on the Costa Dorada is the PortAventura World amusement park.

Foix (river)
The Foix (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈfoʃ]) is a river in Catalonia in the province of Barcelona, northeastern Spain. Its source is near La Llacuna in the Comarca of Anoia 800 m above the sea. Later it runs through the Comarca of Alt Penedès, where it feeds the Foix Reservoir in the nature reserve of Parc del Foix since 1928, which is highly important for the drinking water supply of the densely populated coastal plain between Barcelona and Tarragona. Then it goes through the Comarca of Garraf from north to the south where it ends into the Mediterranean Sea west of the village of Cubelles. This little delta became an important natural reserve and recreational area after the campground ″Camping Paradiso″ was removed in the late 1990s.

For most of the year, the river is dried up because of the dam and because of hot-summer climatical reasons. That can suddenly change in the winter months when heavy rain comes down in the mountains.
Pinbury
Pinbury was a hamlet in Gloucestershire, England.

Pinbury is mentioned in the Domesday Book as containing 18 households.

Pinbury contains the ruins of a twelfth-century chapel, and possibly the remains of a Roman villa. Following the Norman Conquest, William the Conqueror gave the hamlet to the nuns of Caen in 1082.

In 1416, it was transferred to the Bridgettines of Sion, Middlesex, who had a cell, and upon the suppression, was granted to Andrew, Lord Windsor, in exchange for other lands. From him it passed by purchase to the family of Sir Henry Poole, of Saperton, and from that family to the family of Sir Rob. Atkins; and afterwards from the heir-general of that family, to Lord Bathurst, 1786. In 1803, Henry, Earl Bathurst, was the lord of the manor, with two-thirds of the property of the parish.

Roman villa
A Roman villa was typically a farmhouse or country house in the territory of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire, sometimes reaching extravagant proportions.

Nevertheless, the term "Roman villa" generally covers buildings with the common features of being extra-urban (i.e. located outside urban settlements, unlike the domus which was inside them) and residential, with accommodation for the owner. The definition also changed with time: the earliest examples are mostly humble farmhouses in Italy, while from the Republican period a range of larger building types are included.
Ladislav Matějka
Ladislav Matějka (May 30, 1919 in České Budějovice – September 29, 2012 in West Newton, Massachusetts) was a Czech scholar of semiotics and linguistic theory, who translated and published many contributions to Prague linguistic circle theory.  He received his doctorate in Charles University in Prague in 1948 and then emigrated to the U.S and earned a second doctorate from Harvard University.  From 1956 until 1989 he taught at University of Michigan in the Slavic Department. In 1962, he founded Michigan Slavic Publications, a series that has published more than 100 volumes by authors such as Roman Jakobson and Nikolai Trubetzkoy.

From 1982-1993 he edited the series Cross Currents that published material by Milan Kundera, Josef Škvorecký and Czesław Miłosz.
His academic correspondence has been deposited at Howard Gotlieb Archival Research Center, Boston University.

České Budějovice
České Budějovice (Czech: [ˈtʃɛskɛː ˈbuɟɛjovɪtsɛ] ⓘ; German: Budweis) is a city in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 97,000 inhabitants. The city is located in the valley of the Vltava River, at its confluence with the Malše.

České Budějovice is the largest city in the region and its political and commercial capital, the seat of the Diocese of České Budějovice and the University of South Bohemia. It is famous for the Budweiser Budvar Brewery. The historic city centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument reservation.
Man Island (Bahamas)
Man Island is a small, undeveloped island located near Eleuthera in the Bahamas Islands. Man Island is located in a group of islands that form a natural harbor and the largest island in this chain is Harbour Island. Man Island is situated between Harbour Island and the island of Spanish Wells.

Man Island's area is approximately 35 acres (140,000 m2) owned by a number of individuals residing in the Bahamas, The United States and Europe. The island's proximity to Harbour Island (capital Dunmore Town) has aroused investor interest because of Harbour Island's increased tourist popularity.

Man Island runs north and south with the east side having beaches on the Atlantic Ocean and the west side facing a natural harbor.

Dunmore Town
Dunmore Town is a town in the Bahamas. It has a population of 1,762 (2010 census).

It is the only town at Harbour Island, which is located just east from North Eleuthera.

Dunmore Town is one of the few settlements in the Bahamas with a predominantly White population, of European ancestry.
Wiley T. Buchanan Jr.
Wiley Thomas Buchanan, Jr. (January 4, 1913 – February 16, 1986) was an American diplomat and author who served as the Chief of Protocol of the United States and the U.S. Ambassador to Luxembourg and Austria.

Chief of Protocol of the United States
In the United States, the chief of protocol is an officer of the United States Department of State responsible for advising the president of the United States, the vice president of the United States, and the United States secretary of state on matters of national and international diplomatic protocol. The chief of protocol holds the rank of ambassador and assistant secretary of state.
1721 Boston smallpox outbreak
In 1721, Boston experienced its worst outbreak of smallpox (also known as variola). 5,759 people out of around 10,600 in Boston were infected and 844 were recorded to have died between April 1721 and February 1722. The outbreak motivated Puritan minister Cotton Mather and physician Zabdiel Boylston to variolate hundreds of Bostonians as part of the Thirteen Colonies' earliest experiment with public inoculation. Their efforts would inspire further research for immunizing people from smallpox, placing the Massachusetts Bay Colony at the epicenter of the Colonies' first inoculation debate and changing Western society's medical treatment of the disease. The outbreak also altered social and religious public discourse about disease, as Boston's newspapers published various pamphlets opposing and supporting the inoculation efforts.

Pamphlet
A pamphlet is an unbound book (that is, without a hard cover or binding). Pamphlets may consist of a single sheet of paper that is printed on both sides and folded in half, in thirds, or in fourths, called a leaflet, or it may consist of a few pages that are folded and saddle stapled or sewn at the crease to make a simple book.

In the "International Standardization of Statistics Relating to Book Production and Periodicals", UNESCO defines a pamphlet as "a non-periodical printed publication of 5 to 48 pages, excluding covers, published in a specific country and available to the public," while a book is "a non-periodical printed publication of at least 49 pages, excluding covers." These definitions are intended solely for UNESCO's book production statistics.
Stroke You Up
"Stroke You Up" is a song by American R&B duo Changing Faces that was recorded for their eponymous debut album (1994). The song was released as the album's debut single on July 14, 1994 by Big Beat/Atlantic. It features uncredited vocals from R. Kelly and was certified platinum by the RIAA and sold 700,000 copies domestically. A remix version was also written and produced by Kelly, which originally appeared on the soundtrack to the 1994 Keenen Ivory Wayans film A Low Down Dirty Shame.

Changing Faces (Changing Faces album)
Changing Faces is the self-titled debut studio album by American R&B duo Changing Faces. It was released by Big Beat and Atlantic Records on August 23, 1994, in the United States. Changing Faces peaked at twenty-five on the US Billboard 200. By October 1994, it was certified gold in sales by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), after sales exceeding 500,000 copies in the United States.
Carmenta surinamensis
Carmenta surinamensis is a moth of the family Sesiidae. It was described by Heinrich Benno Möschler in 1878, and is known from Brazil, Suriname, Guyana, Trinidad, Panama and Costa Rica. The larvae of the species have been found on seeds of the plant Prioria copaifera, Pentaclethra macroloba, and plants in the genus Mora.

Prioria copaifera
Prioria copaifera is a tree in the family Fabaceae. It is native to tropical regions of Central and South America, where it occurs in tidal estuaries behind the mangrove fringe. It ranges from Nicaragua to Colombia and is also found in Jamaica.

The wood of Prioria copaifera can be used in carpentry and cabinet-making. Heartwood of the Prioria copaifera tree secretes a black resin when cut. Orchid bees collect this resin for nest construction.

In Costa Rica Prioria copaifera is protected as a threatened species. The eco-lodge Playa Cativo is named after the Prioria copaifera.
Football at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament – Group B
Group B of the men's football tournament at the 2020 Summer Olympics was played from 22 to 28 July 2021 in Kashima's Kashima Stadium, Sapporo's Sapporo Dome and Yokohama's International Stadium Yokohama. The group consistsed of Honduras, New Zealand, Romania and South Korea. The top two teams, South Korea and New Zealand, advanced to the knockout stage.

South Korea national under-23 football team
The South Korea national under-23 football team (Korean: 대한민국 23세 이하 축구 국가대표팀; recognized as Korea Republic by FIFA, and Republic of Korea by IOC) represents South Korea at football in the Olympic Games and Asian Games. It was founded when the Olympic football was changed to an under-23 competition. It also can be managed as an under-21 or under-22 team if necessary.
Clint Crowe
Clinton Thomas Crowe (born June 12, 1973) is an American politician from Georgia. Crowe is a Republican member of the Georgia House of Representatives for District 110, which covers Butts County as well as portions of Monroe County and Newton County. Prior to the 2023 redistricting, he represented portions of Butts County, Newton County, and Henry County in the 110th District.

Georgia House of Representatives
33°44′57″N 84°23′18″W﻿ / ﻿33.749070°N 84.388362°W﻿ / 33.749070; -84.388362

The Georgia House of Representatives is the lower house of the Georgia General Assembly (the state legislature) of the U.S. state of Georgia. There are currently 180 elected members. Republicans have had a majority in the chamber since 2005. The current House Speaker is Jon G. Burns.
Ixia longituba
Ixia longituba is a perennial flowering plant and geophyte belonging to the genus Ixia and is part of the fynbos. The species is endemic to the Western Cape and occurs from the Bot River to Swellendam and Bredasdorp. The species has lost large parts of its habitat to crop cultivation. The remaining subpopulations are fragmented and are threatened by overgrazing, lack of fire and invasive plants.

The plant has one subspecies:Ixia longituba subsp. macrosiphon Goldblatt & J.C.Manning

Bot River
Bot River (Afrikaans: Botrivier) is a river in the Western Cape province of South Africa. The Bot River mouth, located at Fisherhaven and Kleinmond, is a Ramsar site. Its tributaries include the Swart River. The river falls within the Drainage system G.
Luther College Farm
The Luther College Farm was built between the late 1860s and about 1900 on a hill overlooking Luther College near Decorah, Iowa, United States. The farm comprises a complete ensemble of agricultural buildings, dominated by the farm's barns.

Barn
A barn is an agricultural building usually  on farms and used for various purposes. In North America, a barn refers to structures that house livestock, including cattle and horses, as well as equipment and fodder, and often grain. As a result, the term barn is often qualified e.g. tobacco barn, dairy barn, cow house, sheep barn, potato barn. In the British Isles and in Europe, the term barn is restricted mainly to storage structures for unthreshed cereals and fodder, the terms byre or shippon being applied to cow shelters, whereas horses are kept in buildings known as stables. In mainland Europe, however, barns were often part of integrated structures known as byre-dwellings (or housebarns in US literature). In addition, barns may be used for equipment storage, as a covered workplace, and for activities such as threshing.
Yasser Ibrahim
Yasser Ibrahim Ahmed El Hanafi (Arabic: يَاسِر إبرَاهِيْم أَحمَد الْحَنَفِي; born 10 February 1993) is an Egyptian professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Egyptian Premier League club Al Ahly and the Egypt national team.

Egypt national football team
The Egypt national football team (Egyptian Arabic: منتخب مصر لكرة القدم), nicknamed The Pharaohs (Egyptian Arabic: الفراعنة), represents Egypt in men's international football, and is governed by the Egyptian Football Association (EFA), the governing body of football in Egypt.

Egypt is Africa's oldest national football team and has won the Africa Cup of Nations a record seven times. The team has made three appearances in the FIFA World Cup and was the first-ever African and Middle Eastern team to make such an appearance.

Internationally, Egypt earned the honour of becoming a bronze medalist at the 2001 FIFA U-20 World Cup in Argentina.
Warli painting
Warli painting is tribal art mostly created by the Warli people from the North Sahyadri Range in Maharashtra, India. Warli paintings exist in cities such as Dahanu, Talasari, Jawhar, Palghar and Mokhada and originated in Maharashtra, where it is still practiced today. The paintings are usually done on mud walls, using a white pigment made from rice paste and water. They depict daily life, farming activities, animals, and natural elements in simple geometric shapes. Traditionally, Warli art is created by women and is often linked with rituals and celebrations.

Mokhada
Mokhada is a census town in Jawhar subdivision of Palghar district of Maharashtra state in Konkan division.

villages in mokhada :
1	Adoshi	
2	Amale 	
3	Ase	
4	Beriste	
5	Botoshi	
6	Brahmagaon
7	Charangaon
8	Chas
9	Dandwal	
10	Dhamani	
11	Dhamanshet
12	Dhondmaryachimet
13	Dhudgaon	
14	Dolhare	
15	Ghanval
16	Ghosali	
17	Gomghar	
18	Gonde Bk.
19	Gonde Kh.
20	Hirve
21	Jogalwadi	
22	Kaduchiwadi	
23	Kalamgaon	
24	Karegaon	
25	Karol	
26	Kashti
27	Kevanale
28	Khoch
29	Khodala
30	Kiniste	
31	Kochale	
32	Koshimshet
33	Kurlod
34	Lakshiminagar
35	Mokhada
36	Morhande
37	Nashera
38	Nilmati
39	Osarvira
40	Pachaghar
41	Palsunde
42	Pathardi
43	Pimpalgaon
44	Poshera
45	Rajivnagar
46	Sakhari	
47	Saturly	
48	Sawarde	
49	Sayade
50	Shastrinagar
51	Shirasgaon
52	Shirson	
53	Shivali	
54	Suryamal
55	Swaminagar
56	Udhale	
57	Vashind
58	Wakadpada
59	Washala
Hugh M. Stimson
Hugh McBirney Stimson  (December 5, 1931 – January 24, 2011) was an American sinologist and linguist who specialised in the poetry of the Tang dynasty (618–907).  He was particularly known for his research into Chinese historical phonology which enabled him to reconstruct the spoken language of Tang poetry.

Tang poetry
Tang poetry (traditional Chinese: 唐詩; simplified Chinese: 唐诗; pinyin: Tángshī) refers to poetry written in or around the time of, or in the characteristic style of, China's Tang dynasty (June 18, 618 – June 4, 907, including the 690–705 reign of Wu Zetian), and/or follows a certain style, often considered as the Golden Age of Chinese poetry. The Complete Tang Poems includes over 48,900 poems written by over 2,200 authors. During the Tang dynasty, poetry continued to be an important part of social life at all levels of society. Scholars were required to master poetry for the civil service exams, but the art was theoretically available to everyone. This led to a large record of poetry and poets, a partial record of which survives today. The two most famous poets of the period were Li Bai and Du Fu. The Qing dynasty selection, Three Hundred Tang Poems, has made Tang poetry familiar to educated Chinese in modern times.
Baptist (surname)
Baptist is a surname. Notable people with this name include:

Marty Baptist, Australian contemporary artist

Maria Baptist (born 1971), German pianist and composer

Travis Baptist (born 1971), American baseball player

Willem Baptist Dutch filmmaker

George Baptist (1808–1875), Canadian businessman

Rachael Baptist, Irish singer

Glenford Baptist, Belizean man

Edward E. Baptist, American historian

George Baptist
George Baptist (7 January 1808 – 11 May 1875) was a logging contractor, born in Scotland and emigrated to Canada in 1832.

Baptist first lived in Dorchester County, Quebec where he found employment in the sawmills there. These were owned by Sir John Caldwell and gave him valuable experience for his future endeavours. In 1846, he bought a sawmill in the Saint-Maurice region; which had been owned by Edward Greive, a member of the 2nd Parliament of the Province of Canada. Greive had died in 1845 and the mill was abandoned.

Shortly after his purchase, the government became heavily involved in the timber industry. By 1852, a commission led by Étienne Parent was proposing a policy of crown lands grants. Trois-Rivières became the centre of this increased activity and George Baptist one of the important businessmen.

Baptist brought innovation and prosperity to the lumber industry and it made him a prime example of the bourgeois class of Trois-Rivières.
Johann Haas von Haagenfels
Johann Freiherr Haas von Haagenfels (March 24, 1864 in Haag, Austria – May 15, 1932 in Vienna) was an Austro-Hungarian Army Officer. His exploits during World War I earned him numerous decorations, including the prestigious Military Order of Maria Theresa, the highest Austro-Hungarian Military decoration. (184th Promotion on 17 August 1917).

Haag, Austria
Haag (Austrian German pronunciation: [haːɡ] ⓘ) is a town in the district of Amstetten in Lower Austria in Austria.

Haag is the birthplace of Olympic bronze medalist and competitive climber Jessica Pilz.
2015 Asian Men's Volleyball Championship
The  Asian Men's Volleyball Championship was the eighteenth staging of the Asian Men's Volleyball Championship, a biennial international volleyball tournament organised by the Asian Volleyball Confederation (AVC) with Islamic Republic of Iran Volleyball Federation (IRIVF). The tournament was held in Tehran, Iran from 31 July to 8 August 2015.

Iran Standard Time
Iran Standard Time (IRST) or Iran Time (IT) is the time zone used in Iran. Iran uses a UTC offset UTC+03:30. IRST is defined by the 52.5 degrees east meridian, the same meridian which defines the Iranian calendar and is the official meridian of Iran.

Between 2005 and 2008, by decree of President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, Iran did not observe daylight saving time (DST) (called Iran Daylight Time or IRDT). It was reintroduced from 21 March 2008. On 21 September 2022, Iran abolished DST and now observes standard time year-round.
Oxy-Cope rearrangement
In organic chemistry, the oxy-Cope rearrangement is a chemical reaction. It involves reorganization of the skeleton of certain unsaturated alcohols. It is a variation of the Cope rearrangement in which 1,5-dien-3-ols are converted to unsaturated carbonyl compounds by a mechanism typical for such a [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement.

The reaction is highly general: a wide variety of precursors undergo the reorganization predictably and with ease, rendering it a highly useful synthetic tool. Further, production of the required starting material is often straightforward. The modification was first proposed in 1964 by Berson and Jones, who coined the term. The driving force is the formation of a carbonyl via spontaneous keto-enol tautomerization.

Base accelerates the reaction by 1010-1017, the anionic oxy-Cope rearrangement.

The formation of an enolate renders the reaction irreversible in most cases.

Enol
In organic chemistry, enols are a type of functional group or intermediate in organic chemistry. Formally, enols are derivatives of vinyl alcohol, with a C=C−OH connectivity.  The term enol is an abbreviation of alkenol, a portmanteau deriving from "-ene"/"alkene" and "-ol"/"alcohol".

Keto–enol tautomerism refers to a chemical equilibrium between a "keto" form (a carbonyl, named for the common ketone case) and an enol. The tautomeric interconversion involves hydrogen atom movement and the reorganisation of bonding electrons.

Many kinds of enols are known, but very few are stable compounds.  However, deprotonation of organic carbonyls gives enolate anions, which are important in organic reaction strategies as a strong nucleophile.
Wazir Akbar Khan
Mohammad Akbar Khan Barakzai, (11 November 1817 – 10 December 1847) famously known as Wazir Akbar Khan, was a Barakzai prince and military commander who served as Emir of Afghanistan from December 1842 to April 1843. He also served as vizier and heir apparent to his father, Emir Dost Mohammad Khan, until his death in 1847.

Wazir Akbar Khan's fame began with the 1837 Battle of Jamrud. He was militarily active in the First Anglo-Afghan War, which lasted from 1839 to 1842. He is prominent for his leadership of the national party in Kabul from 1841 to 1842, and his massacre of Elphinstone's army at the Gandamak pass before the only survivor, the assistant surgeon William Brydon, reached the besieged garrison at Jalalabad on 13 January 1842. Wazir Akbar Khan became the emir of Afghanistan in May 1842, and ruled until Dost Mohammad Khan's return in 1843. In 1847 Wazir Akbar Khan died of cholera.

First Anglo-Afghan War
The First Anglo-Afghan War was fought between the British Empire and the Emirate of Kabul from 1838 to 1842. The British initially successfully invaded the country taking sides in a succession dispute between emir Dost Mohammad Khan (Barakzai) and former King Shah Shujah (Durrani), whom they reinstalled upon occupying Kabul in August 1839. The main British Indian force occupied Kabul and endured harsh winters. The force and its camp followers were almost completely massacred during its 1842 retreat from Kabul.

The British then sent what was widely termed an "Army of Retribution" to Kabul to avenge the destruction of the previous forces. After recovering prisoners, they left Afghanistan by the end of the year. Dost Mohammed returned from exile in India to resume his rule.

It was one of the first major conflicts during the Great Game, the 19th century competition for power and influence in Central Asia between Britain and Russia.