hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
County Observer and Monmouthshire Central Advertiser
The County Observer and Monmouthshire Central Advertiser was a weekly English language newspaper with conservative editorial leanings that was published in Wales.

It was distributed in the Abergavenny, Raglan, Monmouth, Caerleon, Newport, Chepstow, Pontypool, and Usk regions, and mineral and agricultural districts. It contained articles covering local and district news, with an emphasis on agricultural issues.

Welsh Newspapers Online has digitised 1,095 issues of the County Observer and Monmouthshire Central Advertiser (1867-1908) from the newspaper holdings of the National Library of Wales.

Raglan, Monmouthshire
Raglan (/ˈræɡlən/; Welsh: Rhaglan) is a village and community in Monmouthshire, south-east Wales.  It is located some 9 miles south-west of Monmouth, midway between Monmouth and Abergavenny on the A40 road very near to the junction with the A449 road. It is the location of Raglan Castle, built for William ap Thomas and now maintained by Cadw. The community includes the villages of Llandenny and Pen-y-clawdd. Raglan itself has a population of 1,183.
Homadaula coscinopa
Homadaula coscinopa is a moth in the family Galacticidae. It was described by Oswald Bertram Lower in 1900. It is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from New South Wales.

The wingspan is about 14 mm. The forewings are whitish, irrorated (speckled) with small black spots, more or less arranged in transverse series, becoming more dense on the margins, leaving a basal patch of ground colour much whiter. There is an obscure elongate, somewhat cuneiform (wedge-shaped) spot of black, from the costa to the apex, reaching more than half across wing. The hindwings are fuscous, somewhat bronzy.

Oswald Bertram Lower
Oswald Bertram Lower (28 February 1864 in Norwood, South Australia – 18 March 1925 in Wayville, South Australia) was an Australian chemist and pharmacist who is best known for his contributions to entomology, in particular butterflies and moths. His collection is now at the South Australian Museum.

In 1909 he married Eva Linda May (Davies) Lower. The couple had two sons: Oswald Bertram and Raymond Brackleigh.
Anoma Fonseka
Anoma Indumathi Fonseka (née Munasinghe) is the wife of former commander of the Sri Lanka Army and politician, Field Marshal Sarath Fonseka.  She is also the former outgoing president of Seva Vanitha Army Branch, a position she held from 2005 to 2009. She was appointed the chairperson of the Ranaviru Seva Authority by the new UNP in 2015.

United National Party
The United National Party (UNP; Sinhala: එක්සත් ජාතික පක්ෂය, romanized: Eksath Jāthika Pakshaya, Tamil: ஐக்கிய தேசியக் கட்சி, romanized: Aikkiya Tēciyak Kaṭci) is a centre-right political party in Sri Lanka. Founded in 1946, the party was one of Sri Lanka's two main parties for several decades, serving as either the country's ruling party or as part of its governing coalition for several periods of the country's independent history. After suffering a major split in the lead-up to the 2020 parliamentary elections, the UNP saw a collapse in parliament, with the party only winning one national list seat and losing all its votes to the new Samagi Jana Balawegaya alliance. Currently, the UNP is a notable third party in Sri Lankan politics.

The UNP has been led by former president Ranil Wickremesinghe since 1994. The party is a member of the International Democracy Union.
Arts and Media School, Islington
Arts and Media School Islington is a secondary school located in the Finsbury Park area of the London Borough of Islington. It is classified as a comprehensive trust foundation school and has been a specialist media arts college since 2003. Susan Service was appointed headteacher in 2016 after having served as the deputy head of curriculum for 5 years.

Finsbury Park (area)
Finsbury Park is an area in north London, England, which grew up around an important railway interchange near the convergence of the Boroughs of Islington and Hackney and is named after the park in Haringey.

Finsbury Park should not be confused with Finsbury, which is a district of Central London roughly three miles to the south, forming the south-eastern part of the London Borough of Islington.
Music Construction Set
Will Harvey's Music Construction Set (MCS) is a music composition notation program designed by Will Harvey for the Apple II and published by Electronic Arts in 1983. Harvey wrote the original Apple II version in assembly language when he was 15 and in high school. MCS was conceived as a tool to add music to his previously published game, an abstract shooter called Lancaster for the Apple II.

Music Construction Set was ported to the Atari 8-bit computers, Commodore 64, IBM PC compatibles (as a self-booting disk), and the Atari ST. Two years later, in 1986, Will Harvey released a port for the 16-bit Apple IIGS, using its advanced sound. Also that year, a redesigned version for the Amiga and Macintosh was released as Deluxe Music Construction Set.

Self-booting disk
A self-booting disk is a floppy disk for home computers or personal computers that starts up directly into a standalone application when the system is turned on or restarted. It runs on the "bare machine" without loading or using the operating system (if any) that runs on or comes with the computer. This was common, standard, on some computers in the late 1970s to early 1990s. Video games were the type of application most commonly distributed using this technique.

The term "PC booter" is sometimes used in reference to self-booting software for IBM PC compatibles. On other systems, like the Apple II and Atari 8-bit computers, almost all software is self-booting. On the IBM PC, the distinction is between a self-booting program and one which is started by the user via an operating system such as MS-DOS or IBM PC DOS. The term "PC booter" was not contemporaneous with when self-booting games were being released.
Department of Infrastructure (Manitoba)
Manitoba Transportation and Infrastructure (French: Transportation Infrastructure Manitoba), commonly known as Manitoba Infrastructure (French: Infrastructures du Manitoba), is the provincial government department responsible for managing infrastructure in Manitoba. It is in charge of "the development of transportation policy and legislation, and [of] the management of the province’s vast infrastructure network."

Manitoba Infrastructure was initially known as Public Works, which changed to Government Services in 1968, when the province expanded the department to include the provision of common services for other governmental departments. In 2016, the department name would be changed to its current one.

The department operates under the oversight of the Minister of Transportation and Infrastructure (Ministre des Transports et de l’Infrastructure), currently Lisa Naylor, who was appointed to the portfolio on 18 October 2023 by the New Democratic government of Wab Kinew.

Sterling Lyon
Sterling Rufus Lyon PC OC OM QC (January 30, 1927 – December 16, 2010) was a Canadian lawyer, cabinet minister, and the 17th premier of Manitoba from 1977 to 1981. His government introduced several fiscally-conservative measures, and was sometimes seen as a local version of the government of Margaret Thatcher in the United Kingdom. He also successfully fought for the inclusion of the notwithstanding clause in the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.
Mary Parry
Mary A. Parry (16 October 1929 – 3 March 2017) was a British figure skater who competed in ice dancing. With partner Roy Mason, she won bronze at the 1960 European Championships in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, West Germany. Parry and Mason were both members of Birmingham Ice Dance Club and had started competing together by 1955.

Parry served as an ice dancing judge at the 1994 Winter Olympics. In her final years, she lived with Mason in Sutton Coldfield.

1960 European Figure Skating Championships
The 1960 European Figure Skating Championships was a figure skating competition sanctioned by the International Skating Union in which figure skaters competed for the title of European Champion in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. The competitions took place from February 4 to 7, 1960 in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, West Germany.
Atlantic, Seattle
Atlantic is a neighborhood in the Central District of Seattle, Washington, United States. It is the northernmost neighborhood in the Rainier Valley area, located between Mount Baker Ridge and Beacon Hill, and may also be considered part of South Seattle.  It is home to the Judkins Park neighborhood.

Central District, Seattle
The Central District (commonly called the Central Area or The CD) is a mostly residential neighborhood in Seattle located east of downtown and First Hill (12th Avenue and Rainier Avenue); west of Madrona, Leschi and Mt. Baker neighborhoods; south of Capitol Hill, and north of Rainier Valley. Historically, the Central District has been one of Seattle's most racially and ethnically diverse neighborhoods, and was once the center of Seattle's black community and a major hub of African-American businesses.
Paradise Hotel (2010 film)
Paradise Hotel (also known as Hotel Rai, Хотел Рай) is a 2010 Bulgarian documentary film directed by Sophia Tzavella. It depicts the lives of Roma living in an apartment block in a village in Yambol Province, Bulgaria.

The film received the FIPRESCI award for a film in the International selection at the 13th Thessaloniki International Film Festival.

Thessaloniki International Film Festival
The Thessaloniki International Film Festival (TIFF; Greek: Φεστιβάλ Κινηματογράφου Θεσσαλονίκης, romanized: Festivál Kinimatográfou Thessaloníkis) is a film festival held every November in Thessaloniki, Greece. It is organized by the Thessaloniki Film Festival under the auspices of the Greek Ministry of Culture. It features international competition sections, and its program includes tributes to major filmmakers and national cinemas, as well as sidebar events such as masterclasses, exhibitions, live concerts and workshops. In addition to TIFF, the Thessaloniki Film Festival holds the annual Thessaloniki Documentary Festival (TDF) in March.
Imperial Chinese missions to the Ryukyu Kingdom
The Yuan, Ming and Qing emperors of China intermittently sent diplomatic missions (Okinawan: sappūshi)  to Shuri, Okinawa, in the Ryukyu Islands. These diplomatic contacts were within the Sinocentric system of bilateral and multinational relationships in the Sinosphere. Some missions were sent to perform investiture ceremonies for the King of Ryukyu, formally acknowledging him as King on behalf of the Chinese Imperial Court, and as a tributary subordinate.

Sinocentrism
Sinocentrism refers to a worldview that China is the cultural, political, or economic center of the world. Sinocentrism was a core concept in various Chinese dynasties. The Chinese considered themselves to be "all-under-Heaven", ruled by the emperor, known as Son of Heaven. Those that lived outside of the Huaxia were regarded as "barbarians". In addition, states outside of China, such as Vietnam, Japan or Korea, were considered to be vassals of China.
James LaPietra
James "Jimmy the Lapper" LaPietra (1927–1993) was a Chicago mobster and member of Chicago Outfit. He was also the younger brother of mobster Angelo "the Hook" LaPietra.

A minor organized crime figure with arrests for burglary and rape, LaPietra was involved in labor racketeering and other criminal activities in Chicago's South Side for the 26th Street crew. In April 1985, LaPietra was named by Stephen O'Mallory, a staff attorney for the President's Commission on Organized Crime, as a member of the Chicago Outfit. This accusation was based on testimony from labor union official John Serpico during federal hearings on labor racketeering.

LaPietra was also involved in the murder of Tony and Michael Spilotro in Bensenville in June 1986. His involvement came to light following Nick Calabrese informing the Federal Bureau of Investigation about details of the killing before becoming a government witness in a case against the mob in Chicago.

Burglary
Burglary, also called breaking and entering (B&E) or housebreaking, is a property crime involving the illegal entry into a building or other area without permission, typically with the intention of committing a further criminal offence. Usually that offence is theft, larceny, robbery, or murder, but most jurisdictions include others within the ambit of burglary. To commit burglary is to burgle, a term back-formed from the word burglar, or to burglarize.
Sepia papillata
Sepia papillata is a species of cuttlefish native to the southeastern Atlantic Ocean and southwestern Indian Ocean. Its natural range stretches from Lüderitz Bay, South Africa (26°11′S 15°10′E﻿ / ﻿26.183°S 15.167°E﻿ / -26.183; 15.167), to the coast of KwaZulu-Natal off the Tugela and Umvoti Rivers (29°11′S 31°25′E﻿ / ﻿29.183°S 31.417°E﻿ / -29.183; 31.417). It is also present in Mascarene Ridge. It lives at depths of between 26 and 210 m.

Sepia papillata grows to a mantle length of 140 mm.

The type specimen was collected near the Cape of Good Hope, South Africa. It is deposited at the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris.

Lüderitz Bay
Lüderitz Bay (Afrikaans: Lüderitzbaai; German: Lüderitzbucht), also known as Angra Pequena (Portuguese: [ˈɐ̃ɡɾɐ pɨˈkenɐ], "small cove"), is a bay in the coast of Namibia, Africa. The city of Lüderitz is located at the edge of the bay.
Miguel Maza Márquez
General Miguel Alfredo Maza Márquez (born 1942 in Santa Marta, Magdalena) is a retired Colombian general, who was director of the Administrative Department of Security (DAS) from 1985 to 1991.

On May 30, 1989, a bombing attempt on his life left four dead and 37 wounded. In December 1989, he survived another attempted assassination by Pablo Escobar's Medellin Cartel, the DAS Building bombing which killed 63 people.

In November 2016, the Colombian Supreme Court sentenced him to 30 years in prison for his participation in the assassination of liberal Presidential candidate Luis Carlos Galán in August 1989.

Supreme Court of Justice of Colombia
The Supreme Court of Justice of Colombia (Spanish: Corte Suprema de Justicia de Colombia) in Bogotá is the highest judicial body in civil and penal matters and issues of criminal and civil procedure in Colombia.

The court consists of twenty three judges, elected by the same institution in list conformed by the Superior Council of the Judiciary for individual terms of eight years. The court meets at the Palace of Justice in the Bolívar Square of Bogotá.
Judith Mackay
Professor Judith Longstaff Mackay (born 1943) is a British physician and tobacco control advocate who has led a campaign against tobacco in Asia since 1984, campaigning for tax increases to discourage youth smoking, for the creation of smoke-free areas, and against tobacco promotion. Her main interests are tobacco in low-income countries, women and tobacco, and challenging the transnational tobacco companies. She is based in Hong Kong, where she is a permanent resident.

World Lung Foundation
World Lung Foundation (WLF) is a non-profit foundation established in 2004 to support private organizations and government agencies, who work to improve lung health, predominantly in low- and middle-income countries.

WLF provides financial and technical assistance to governments and non-government organizations in four priority areas: Health Communications and Information, Capacity Building, Project Management, and Operational Research. These projects are in the following lung health areas: tobacco control, asthma, and tuberculosis. The organization also works on maternal health initiatives.
South Surrey Park and Ride
The South Surrey Park and Ride is a bus loop and park and ride facility serving the South Surrey area. As part of the TransLink system, it is used by five routes serving South Surrey and White Rock, including towards Vancouver via Bridgeport station in Richmond as well as to Newton and Surrey City Centre.

Bridgeport station (SkyTrain)
Bridgeport is an elevated station on the Canada Line of Metro Vancouver's SkyTrain rapid transit system. It is located in Richmond, British Columbia, Canada, south of Vancouver. The Canada Line branches outbound at this station, with one branch heading westward to YVR–Airport station at the Vancouver International Airport and the other heading south to Richmond–Brighouse station in the commercial centre of Richmond.
Sons of the Harpy
"Sons of the Harpy" is the fourth episode of the fifth season of HBO's fantasy television series Game of Thrones, and the 44th overall. The episode was written by Dave Hill, and directed by Mark Mylod. It aired on May 3, 2015. Prior to airing, this episode was leaked online along with the first three episodes of the season.

The episode received a nomination for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Cinematography for a Single-Camera Series at the 67th Primetime Creative Arts Emmy Awards. The episode was met with generally positive reviews, praising the action and character development, but received heavy criticism for the decision to kill off Ser Barristan Selmy, who in the novels is still alive and is a major supporting character.

Mark Mylod
Mark Mylod is an English director and executive producer of film and television. He began his career directing comedy shows such as Shooting Stars, The Fast Show, and The Royle Family, for which he received two BAFTA TV Awards.

After transitioning into directing episodes of drama series (including Entourage, The Affair, Game of Thrones, and both the British and American versions of Shameless), Mylod became known for his work as a director and executive producer on the HBO drama series Succession (2018–2023), directing 16 episodes and producing 37. He won the Emmy for Outstanding Directing for a Drama Series once and the Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directing – Drama Series once.

Mylod also directed the films Ali G Indahouse (2002), The Big White (2005), What's Your Number? (2011), and The Menu (2022). All of them received mixed or negative reviews with the exception of The Menu, which was critically acclaimed.
Electrochemical reaction mechanism
In electrochemistry, an electrochemical reaction mechanism is the step-by-step sequence of elementary steps, involving at least one outer-sphere electron transfer, by which an overall electrochemical reaction occurs.

Reaction step
In chemistry, a reaction step of a chemical reaction is defined as: "An elementary reaction, constituting one of the stages of a stepwise reaction in which a reaction intermediate (or, for the first step, the reactants) is converted into the next reaction intermediate (or, for the last step, the products) in the sequence of intermediates between reactants and products". To put it simply, it is an elementary reaction which goes from one reaction intermediate to another or to the final product.

The mechanism of a given reaction is the sequence of steps involved in the reaction. For different reactions, the sequences vary greatly in complexity. An elementary reaction consists of a single step. Other reactions can have mechanisms of several consecutive steps; the examples in the article on Reaction mechanism have as many as six. Also more complicated mechanisms exist such as chain reaction which include a repeating cycle of steps in a chain propagation.
Miss Patti's Christmas
Miss Patti's Christmas is a studio album by American singer Patti LaBelle. Her second holiday album, it was released by Def Soul Classics on October 9, 2007 in the United States. Chiefly produced by Jimmy Jam & Terry Lewis, it marked LaBelle's first Def Jam recording since abruptly leaving the label in 2006 over a dispute with then-president Antonio "L.A." Reid. Miss Patti's Christmas peaked at number 22 on the US Top Holiday Albums.

The Island Def Jam Music Group
The Island Def Jam Music Group (Island Def Jam) (IDJMG) was an American record label group formed on December 31, 1998, by Universal Music Group. Prior to 2014, Island Def Jam included labels originally established under the umbrellas of Island Records and Def Jam Recordings. On April 1, 2014, Universal Music Group publicly announced the dissolution of the Def Jam Group, leaving IDJMG and its affiliated subsidiaries as separate sister labels.

In 2024, Universal Music Group restructured its East Coast labels, including Def Jam Recordings, Island Records, Mercury Records, and Republic Records, under a central operational hub named Republic Corps.
2019 Ecuadorian protests
The 2019 Ecuadorian protests were a series of protests and riots against austerity measures including the cancellation of fuel subsidies, adopted by President of Ecuador Lenín Moreno and his administration. Organized protests ceased after indigenous groups and the Ecuadorian government reached a deal to reverse the austerity measures, beginning a collaboration on how to combat overspending and public debt.

Palacio de Carondelet
Carondelet Palace (Spanish: Palacio de Carondelet) is the seat of government of the Republic of Ecuador, located in Quito. Access is by the public space known as Independence Square or Plaza Grande (colloquial name), around which are also the Archbishop's Palace, Municipal Palace, Hotel Plaza Grande, and Metropolitan Cathedral.
John Broden
John Edward Broden (born May 31, 1965) is an American politician and lawyer who is a current member of the Indiana Senate. A member of the Democratic Party, Broden was sworn into office on January 7, 2001. Broden serves Indiana's 10th Senate District, representing central St. Joseph County, Indiana.

Indiana Senate
The Indiana State Senate is the upper house of the Indiana General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Indiana. The Senate is composed of 50 members representing an equal number of constituent districts. Senators serve four-year terms without term limits. According to the 2010 U.S. census, the average state senator represents 129,676 people.

The Senate convenes at the Indiana Statehouse in Indianapolis, Indiana.
Kapal Mochan
Gopal Mochan is an ancient place of pilgrimage for both Hindus and Sikhs, 17 km north-east of Yamunanagar city-Jagadhari town, on the Bilaspur road in Yamunanagar district, Haryana, India. It is also called Gopal Mochan and Somsar Mochan. As per Legend, Brāhmanahatya i.e. killing of Brahmin is considered as a major sin, but one who kills a Brahmin and bath here, his Brāhmanahatya sins will be washed. 
Nearby Bilaspur, Haryana (not to be confused with Bilaspur, Himachal Pradesh) in Yamuna Nagar District which takes its name from the corrupted form of "Vyas Puri", was the ashram of Ved Vyasa rishi where he wrote the Mahabharta on the banks of Sarasvati river near Adi Badri where Sarasvati river leaves Himalayas and enters the plains.

It is one of the most ancient vedic religious site in Haryana along with 48 kos parikrama of Kurukshetra and Dhosi Hill.

Yamunanagar
Yamunanagar (pronunciationⓘ) is a city and a municipal corporation in Yamunanagar district in the Indian state of Haryana. This town is known for the cluster of plywood units and paper  factories. It provides timber to larger industries. The older town is called Jagadhri. The Yamunanagar-Jagadhri railway station (YJUD) services the city. Despite its name, Jagadhri Railway  is situated in Yamunanagar. There is also another railway station called Jagadhri Workshop in Yamunanagar.
Newell Sill Jenkins
Newell Sill Jenkins (* December 29, 1840 Falmouth, Massachusetts — September 25, 1919 Le Havre, France) was an American dentist who practiced most of his life in Dresden, Germany. He developed and improved the Jenkins porcelain enamel, thus making a composition of porcelain paste into porcelain inlays, dental crowns and bridges. He is thus the founder of aesthetic dentistry.

Dentist
A dentist, also known as a dental doctor, dental physician, dental surgeon, is a health care professional who specializes in dentistry, the branch of medicine focused on the teeth, gums, and mouth. The dentist's supporting team aids in providing oral health services. The dental team includes dental assistants, dental hygienists, dental technicians, and sometimes dental therapists.