hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Upiłka
Upiłka [uˈpiu̯ka] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lipnica, within Bytów County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Gmina Lipnica
Gmina Lipnica (Kashubian: Gmina Lëpińce) is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Bytów County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the village of Lipnica, which lies approximately 17 kilometres (11 mi) south of Bytów and 90 km (56 mi) south-west of the regional capital Gdańsk.

The gmina covers an area of 309.57 square kilometres (119.5 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 4,796.

Mayor of the municipality is Andrzej Lemańczyk.
Raising Arcadia
Raising Arcadia  is a novel by Simon Chesterman, Dean and Professor at the National University of Singapore Faculty of Law.

Published in May 2016, the book is the first in a trilogy. A sequel, Finding Arcadia, was published in November 2016 and launched at the Singapore Writers Festival. The third and final book in the trilogy, Being Arcadia, was published in 2018 and shortlisted for the Singapore Book Awards.

National University of Singapore Faculty of Law
The National University of Singapore Faculty of Law (NUS Law) is Singapore's oldest law school. NUS Law was initially established in 1956 as the Department of Law in the University of Malaya, and subsequently, University of Singapore. After its establishment, NUS Law was Singapore's only law school for half a century, until the subsequent establishment of the SMU School of Law in 2007 and the SUSS School of Law in 2017. NUS Law is currently located at the NUS Bukit Timah Campus. The current dean of NUS Law is Andrew Simester. Internationally, NUS Law has been ranked twelfth by the QS World University Rankings by Subject in 2024 and eleventh by the Times Higher Education World University Rankings by Subject in 2024.
Sigma baryon
The sigma baryons are a family of subatomic hadron particles which have two quarks from the first flavour generation (up and / or down quarks), and a third quark from a higher flavour generation, in a combination where the wavefunction sign remains constant when any two quark flavours are swapped. They are thus baryons, with total isospin of 1, and can either be neutral or have an elementary charge of +2, +1, 0, or −1. They are closely related to the lambda baryons, which differ only in the wavefunction's behaviour upon flavour exchange.

The third quark can hence be either a strange (symbols Σ+, Σ0, Σ−), a charm (symbols Σ++c, Σ+c, Σ0c), a bottom (symbols Σ+b, Σ0b, Σ−b) or a top (symbols Σ++t, Σ+t, Σ0t) quark. However, the top sigmas are expected to never be observed, since the Standard Model predicts the mean lifetime of top quarks to be roughly 5×10−25 s. This is about 20 times shorter than the timescale for strong interactions, and therefore it does not form hadrons.

Flavour (particle physics)
In particle physics, flavour or flavor refers to the species of an elementary particle. The Standard Model counts six flavours of quarks and six flavours of leptons. They are conventionally parameterized with flavour quantum numbers that are assigned to all subatomic particles. They can also be described by some of the family symmetries proposed for the quark-lepton generations.
1991–92 Essex Senior Football League
The 1991–92 season was the 21st in the history of Essex Senior Football League a football competition in England.

The league featured 15 clubs which competed in the league last season, along with two new clubs:

Basildon United, resigned from the Isthmian League

Concord Rangers, joined from the Essex Intermediate League

Ford United were champions, winning their first Essex Senior League title, while East Thurrock United were promoted to the Isthmian League.

Essex Senior Football League
The Essex Senior Football League is an English men's football league. It contains clubs from the Essex FA, Hertfordshire FA, London FA, Middlesex FA and the Amateur Football Alliance. It is a feeder league to Division One North of the Isthmian League and has a single division which sits at Step 5 (or Level 9) of the National League System.
TCDD DH33100
TCDD DH33100 were diesel-hydraulic locomotive built for shunting operations on the Turkish State Railways. 38 units from Maschinenbau Kiel (MaK) were built starting in 1953 and another 24 were built by TCDD in Turkey. In 1980–1981 the shunters were rebuilt with Cummins Diesel KT1150L engines.

Cummins
Cummins Inc. is an American multinational corporation that designs, manufactures, and distributes diesel engines, electric vehicle components, and power generation products. Cummins also services engines and related equipment, including fuel systems, air handling systems controls, filtration, emission control, electrical power generation systems, and engine control units.

Headquartered in Columbus, Indiana, Cummins sells in approximately 190 countries and territories through a network of more than 600 company-owned and independent distributors and approximately 7,200 dealers.
Ryan Nawrocki
Ryan Nawrocki (born 1983/1984) is an American politician and communications professional. He is a member of the Maryland House of Delegates for District 7A in north Baltimore County, Maryland. He was previously a candidate for the Baltimore County Council in District 6 in 2010 and 2018.

Towson, Maryland
Towson (/ˈtaʊsən/) is an unincorporated community and a census-designated place in Baltimore County, Maryland, United States. The population was 59,533 in the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Baltimore County and the second-most populous unincorporated county seat in the United States (after Ellicott City, the seat of nearby Howard County, southwest of Baltimore).
Oslo (club)
Oslo is a live music venue, bar and club, located in Hackney Central, East London. It was one of the first clubs to open in the area.

The venue took over the iconic listed Hackney Central Railway Station Victorian building, and was re-developed on two floors becoming a popular destination for the night life of East London.

The venue's programme includes live music events, club nights, and festivals.

Notable musicians that played in the venue include Sam Smith, Måneskin, Dua Lipa, Marina and the Diamonds, Klaxons, Sky Ferreira, and The Last Dinner Party.

DJs that have played in the venue include AJ Odudu, Frederick Macpherson, Billie JD Porter, George Craig and Jack Peñate.

Jessie J performed an exclusive concert on her birthday on March 27, 2014 while presenter Maya Jama hosted her Halloween Party in 2022.

The venue is operated by national promoter DHP Family Ltd.

Klaxons
Klaxons were an English rock band based in London. Following the release of several 7-inch singles on different independent record labels, as well as the success of previous singles "Magick" and "Golden Skans", the band released their debut album, Myths of the Near Future on 29 January 2007. The album won the 2007 Nationwide Mercury Prize. After playing festivals and headlining tours worldwide (including the NME Indie Rave Tour) during late 2006–07, the band started working on their follow-up album in July 2007. Klaxons' second album, Surfing the Void, was released on 23 August 2010. Their third album, Love Frequency, was released on 16 June 2014. The band has been on indefinite hiatus since 2015.
Great Gorge Route
The Great Gorge Route or Niagara Belt Line was an interurban trolley belt line encompassing the Niagara Gorge, operated by the International Railway and Niagara Gorge Railroad. Many dignitaries rode this line and they used to use a flat car with search light to illuminate the Niagara Whirlpool at night (during the tourist season).

Niagara Whirlpool
The Niagara Whirlpool is a natural whirlpool within the Niagara River located along the Canada–U.S. border between New York and Ontario.  The whirlpool is in the Niagara Gorge, downstream from Niagara Falls. The whirlpool's greatest depth is 125 feet (38 m).

There are two state/provincial parks located alongside the whirlpool: Whirlpool State Park, on the US side, and Niagara Glen Nature Reserve, on the Canadian side.
T. Y. Hilton
Eugene Marquis "T. Y." Hilton (born November 14, 1989) is an American former professional football player who was a wide receiver in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the FIU Panthers and was selected by the Indianapolis Colts in the third round of the 2012 NFL draft. Hilton has also played for the Dallas Cowboys.

After having 861 receiving yards his rookie season, Hilton took over the number one receiver role on the team from veteran Reggie Wayne. Due to chemistry with his fellow 2012 draftee Andrew Luck, Hilton caught over 1,000 yards in four straight seasons, including leading the league in the category in 2016. Hilton has made four Pro Bowls over his career.

FIU Panthers football
FIU Panthers football program represents Florida International University (FIU) in the sport of American football. The Panthers compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the East Division of Conference USA (CUSA). The Panthers' head coach is Willie Simmons. FIU has produced a Sun Belt Conference co-championship team in 2010, along with 3 postseason bowl appearances. The Panthers play their home games at Pitbull Stadium, which has a seating capacity of 20,000.
Iago's manipulativeness and character
Iago is a major character in William Shakespeare's 1603 play Othello. His role is one of Othello's outwardly loyal courtier and friend, who in fact hates him and schemes his downfall. He also manipulates his friends and master into doing his bidding, eventually persuading Othello to believe that his wife, Desdemona, has been having an affair, resulting in Othello killing her in a jealous rage.

Iago's character and his techniques of illicit manipulation have fascinated scholars since the character's inception, as has his refusal to say why he seeks to destroy Othello.

Manipulation (psychology)
In psychology, manipulation is defined as an action designed to influence or control another person, usually in an underhanded or subtle manner which facilitates one's personal aims. Methods someone may use to manipulate another person may include seduction, suggestion, coercion, and blackmail. Manipulation is generally considered a dishonest form of social influence as it is used at the expense of others. Humans are inherently capable of manipulative and deceptive behavior, with the main differences being that of specific personality characteristics or disorders.
Sierra Space
Sierra Space Corporation is a privately held aerospace and space technologies company headquartered in Louisville, Colorado, with additional facilities in Colorado, Wisconsin, Florida, North Carolina and a testing site at the Marshall Space Flight Center in Alabama. The company makes spaceflight hardware for various applications across the industry. It is currently developing the Dream Chaser spaceplane. The spaceplane was selected by NASA to provide services to the International Space Station under NASA's Commercial Resupply Service 2 contract. The company is also in collaboration with Blue Origin to develop components of the Orbital Reef space station.

Space technology
Space technology is technology for use in outer space. Space technology includes space vehicles such as spacecraft, satellites, space stations and orbital launch vehicles; deep-space communication; in-space propulsion; and a wide variety of other technologies including support infrastructure equipment, and procedures.

Many common everyday services for terrestrial use such as weather forecasting, remote sensing, satellite navigation systems, satellite television, and some long-distance communications systems critically rely on space infrastructure. Of the sciences, astronomy and Earth science benefit from space technology. New technologies originating with or accelerated by space-related endeavors are often subsequently exploited in other economic activities.
IGA Cable Car
The IGA Cable Car (German: IGA-Seilbahn, IGA 2017-Seilbahn, Seilbahn Berlin), also known as Berlin Cableway, IGA Ropeway or IGA Cableway, is a 1.58 km (0.98 mi)-long gondola lift line serving and crossing the Erholungspark Marzahn in Berlin, capital of Germany. Built for the Internationale Gartenausstellung 2017 (IGA 2017), an international horticultural exhibition, it is the first cableway opened in the German capital.

Gondola lift
A gondola lift (cable car) is a means of cable transport and type of aerial lift which is supported and propelled by cables from above. It consists of a loop of steel wire rope that is strung between two stations, sometimes over intermediate supporting towers. The cable is driven by a bullwheel in a terminal, which is typically connected to an engine or electric motor. It is often considered a continuous system since it features a haul rope which continuously moves and circulates around two terminal stations. In contrast, an aerial tramway operates solely with fixed grips and simply shuttles back and forth between two end terminals.

The capacity, cost, and functionality of a gondola lift will differ dramatically depending on the combination of cables used for support and haulage and the type of grip (detachable or fixed). Because of the proliferation of such systems in the Alps, the Italian: Cabinovia and French: Télécabine are also used in English-language texts.
1919 PGA Championship
The 1919 PGA Championship was the second PGA Championship, which is now considered one of golf's major championships. It was held September 16–20 at the Engineers Country Club in Roslyn Harbor, New York, east of New York City on Long Island in Nassau County.

The PGA Championship was not held in 1917 or 1918 due to World War I. The field of 32 golfers qualified by sectional tournaments. They competed in 36-hole match play rounds in a single-elimination tournament. Defending champion Jim Barnes defeated Fred McLeod, 6 and 5, in the final.

Roslyn Harbor, New York
Roslyn Harbor is a village in Nassau County, on the North Shore of Long Island, in New York, United States. It is considered part of the Greater Roslyn area, which is anchored by the Incorporated Village of Roslyn. The population was 1,067 at the time of the 2020 census.

The Incorporated Village of Roslyn Harbor is located mostly in the Town of North Hempstead with small sections in the Town of Oyster Bay.
Macledium zeyheri
Macledium zeyheri is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is found in Southern Africa, ranging through South Africa's Cape Provinces,  KwaZulu-Natal, and Northern Provinces to Eswatini and Mozambique. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry shrubland and plantations, particularly along the KwaZulu-Natal coast.

Northern Provinces
The Northern Provinces of South Africa is a biogeographical area used in the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD). It is part of the WGSRPD region 27 Southern Africa. The area has the code "TVL". It includes the South African provinces of Gauteng, Mpumalanga, Limpopo (Northern Province) and North West, together making up an area slightly larger than the former Transvaal Province.
Lamon Records
Lamon Records is an indie record label that was established in North Carolina before moving to Nashville, Tennessee.  Lamon Records concentrates its efforts in country, bluegrass, alternative and Americana music, as well as all forms of Christian music.

Christian music
Christian music is a genre of music that has been written to express either personal or a communal belief regarding Christian life and faith. Common themes of Christian music include praise, worship, penitence, and lament, and its forms vary widely around the world. Church music, hymnals, gospel, and worship music are a part of Christian media and also include contemporary Christian music which itself supports numerous Christian styles of music, including hip hop, rock, contemporary worship, and urban contemporary gospel.

Like other forms of music the creation, performance, significance, and even the definition of Christian music varies according to culture and social context. Christian music can serve various functions, such as ceremonial, educational, aesthetical, or for entertainment purposes.
Iowa Masonic Library and Museum
The Iowa Masonic Library and Museum, located in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, United States, is one of the largest Masonic libraries in the world and incorporates at least three museum collections. The library was the first, worldwide, to have its own building, which was constructed in 1884. Its current building, constructed in 1955, also houses the administrative offices for the Grand Lodge of Iowa, one of the governing bodies for Freemasonry in Iowa.

Cedar Rapids, Iowa
Cedar Rapids is a city in Linn County, Iowa, United States, and the county seat. The population was 137,710 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 137,904 in 2024. making it the second-most populous city in Iowa. The city lies on both banks of the Cedar River, 20 miles (32 km) north of Iowa City and 128 miles (206 km) northeast of Des Moines, the state's capital.

Cedar Rapids is the economic hub of Eastern Iowa, located at the core of the Interstate 380 corridor. The population of the three-county Cedar Rapids metropolitan area, which includes the nearby cities of Marion and Hiawatha, was 276,520 in 2020. The Cedar Rapids metropolitan area is also part of a combined statistical area with the Iowa City metropolitan area.
Old Fort Erie
Old Fort Erie, also known as Fort Erie, or the Fort Erie National Historic Site of Canada, was the first British fort to be constructed as part of a network developed after the Seven Years' War (known as "the French and Indian War" in the colonies) was concluded by the Treaty of Paris (1763), at which time France ceded its territories east of the Mississippi River (all of New France) to Great Britain. The installation is located on the southern edge of what is now the Town of Fort Erie, Ontario, directly across the Niagara River from Buffalo, New York, United States.

The fort and surrounding battlefield are owned and operated by the Niagara Parks Commission, a self-funded agency of the Ontario provincial government.

Treaty of Paris (1763)
The Treaty of Paris, also known as the Treaty of 1763, was signed on 10 February 1763 by the kingdoms of Great Britain, France and Spain, with Portugal in agreement, following Great Britain and Prussia's victory over France and Spain during the Seven Years' War.

The signing of the treaty formally ended the conflict between France and Great Britain over control of North America (the Seven Years' War, known as the French and Indian War in the United States), and marked the beginning of an era of British dominance outside Europe. Great Britain and France each returned much of the territory that they had captured during the war, but Great Britain gained much of France's possessions in North America. Additionally, Great Britain agreed not to seek to eradicate Roman Catholicism in the New World. The treaty did not involve Prussia and Austria, as they signed a separate agreement, the Treaty of Hubertusburg, five days later.
Jagath Priyankara
L.K. Jagath Priyankara (Sinhala: ජගත් ප්‍රියංකර; Tamil: ஜகத் பிரியங்கர; born 1979), more commonly known as Jagath Priyankara, is a Sri Lankan politician. Who served as a member of the Parliament of Sri Lanka from the Puttalam District following the death of Sanath Nishantha.

Puttalam Electoral District
Puttalam electoral district is one of the 22 multi-member electoral districts of Sri Lanka created by the 1978 Constitution of Sri Lanka. The district is conterminous with the administrative district of Puttalam in the North Western province. The district currently elects 8 of the 225 members of the Sri Lankan Parliament and had 495,575 registered electors in 2010. The district is Sri Lanka's Electorate Number 16.
Ermengol
Ermengol in Catalan, Armengol or Armengod in Spanish, Ermengaud in French, Ermengau in Occitan, and Hermengaudius in Latin is a Germanic given name of Gothic origin meaning "ready for battle". The name was Arabised during the Middle Ages as أرمقند, Armaqand.

Ermengol of Rouergue

Saint Ermengol

Ermengol I of Urgell

Ermengol II of Urgell

Ermengol III of Urgell

Ermengol IV of Urgell

Ermengol V of Urgell

Ermengol VI of Urgell

Ermengol VII of Urgell

Ermengol VIII of Urgell

Ermengol IX of Urgell

Ermengol X of Urgell

Armengaud Blaise (died 1312), a physician, translator and an author

Ermengol Graus

It was also the surname of a late medieval family of the Languedoc:

Matfre Ermengau

Peire Ermengau

Ermengol V
Ermengol or Armengol V (1078–1102), called El de Mollerussa ("He of Mollerussa"), was the count of Urgell from 1092 to his death. He was the son of Ermengol IV and his first wife, Lucy (Lucía) of Pallars.

He spent most of his life in Castile, where he met and married María Pérez, daughter of Pedro Ansúrez, lord of Valladolid, in 1095. During his long absences in Castile, he left the government of Urgell to Guerau II of Cabrera. He died in 1102 at the Battle of Mollerussa.

His children were:

Ermengol VI, Count of Urgell

Stephanie (died 1143), first married, probably as early as 1119, Fernando García de Hita, founder of the Castro family, as his second wife. After Fernando died around 1125, Stephanie married Count Rodrigo González de Lara in 1135. In 1143, Stephanie founded the Monastery of Saint Mary of Valbuena.
Kunle Soname
Kunle SonameListenⓘ is a Nigerian entrepreneur, sport enthusiast and the chairman of Bet9ja, a betting website he founded in 2013. He is also the first Nigerian to acquire a European club C.D. Feirense which he bought in 2015. He is the Founder of the private Nigerian airline ValueJet.

C.D. Feirense
Clube Desportivo Feirense, commonly known as CD Feirense or just Feirense, is a Portuguese football club based in Santa Maria da Feira. Founded on 18 March 1918, Feirense play in the LigaPro, the second tier of Portuguese football. Their chairman is Rodrigo Nunes and their manager is Ricardo Costa. The club plays its home matches at the Estádio Marcolino de Castro, with a capacity of 5,401 spectators.
Mother's Day (1989 film)
Mother's Day is a 1989 American crime drama television film directed and produced by Susan Rohrer. The film follows a determined mother (played by Denise Nicholas) who battles a stacked deck of evidence incriminating her 19-year-old son (played by Malcolm-Jamal Warner) in the drug-related killing. It is the CBN Family Channel's first television film.

Denise Nicholas
Denise Donna Nicholas (born July 12, 1944) is an American actress. Nicholas played high-school guidance counselor Liz McIntyre on the ABC comedy-drama series Room 222 and Councilwoman Harriet DeLong on the NBC/CBS drama series In the Heat of the Night.
UWK
UWK can refer to:

Ukraine without Kuchma, 2000–2001 protest movement in Ukraine

Ultras White Knights,  Egyptian Ultras group that supports Zamalek SC

University of Warwick Boat Club, whose British Rowing boat code is UWK

University of the Western Cape (Afrikaans: Universiteit van Wes-Kaapland), South Africa

University of Warwick Boat Club
The University of Warwick Boat Club is the rowing club of the University of Warwick. The club was founded in 1967 and as of 2025 has over 125 members. It rows out of a boathouse on a 3.5 km stretch of the River Avon, Warwickshire. It caters for all levels of rowers from novices to experienced oarsman. The club regularly attends races throughout the United Kingdom, including Pairs Head, Fours Head, Eights Head, BUCS Head, BUCS Regatta, Marlow Regatta and Henley.

Notable former members include Oxford University Boat Club member and Boat Race winner Ben Ellison, Olympian Tom Solesbury, and Team GB para-rowing coxswain Oliver James MBE.

The club was known internationally for the nude wall calendars produced by its members, first as 'Warwick Rowers' later as 'Worldwide Roar'. However, the club and the calendar are no longer affiliated.