hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wilkinson power divider
In the field of microwave engineering and circuit design, the Wilkinson Power Divider is a specific class of power divider circuit that can achieve isolation between the output ports while maintaining a matched condition on all ports.  The Wilkinson design can also be used as a power combiner because it is made up of passive components and hence is reciprocal. First published by Ernest J. Wilkinson in 1960, this circuit finds wide use in radio frequency communication systems utilizing multiple channels since the high degree of isolation between the output ports prevents crosstalk between the individual channels.

It uses quarter wave transformers, which can be  easily fabricated as quarter wave lines on printed circuit boards. It is also possible to use other forms of transmission line (e.g. coaxial cable) or lumped circuit elements (inductors and capacitors).

Quarter-wave impedance transformer
A quarter-wave impedance transformer, often written as λ/4 impedance transformer, is a transmission line or waveguide used in electrical engineering of length one-quarter wavelength (λ), terminated with some known impedance.
It presents at its input the dual of the impedance with which it is terminated.

The relationship between the characteristic impedance, Z0, input impedance, Zin and load impedance, ZL is:

Alternatives to the quarter-wave impedance transformer include lumped circuits that can produce the impedance inverter function, and stubs for impedance matching.
Virginia Secretary of Public Safety
The secretary of public safety and homeland security is a Virginia government executive that serves as a member of the Virginia Governor's Cabinet. The current nominee for the position is Stanley Meador, appointed by Governor Abigail Spanberger.

Governor of Virginia
The governor of the Commonwealth of Virginia is the head of government of the Commonwealth of Virginia. The governor is head of the executive branch of the government of Virginia and is the commander-in-chief of the Virginia National Guard and Virginia Defense Force.

Three signatories of the Declaration of Independence served as governor of Virginia and three governors became president of the United States: Thomas Jefferson, James Monroe, and John Tyler.

The current officeholder is Abigail Spanberger, a member of the Democratic Party who took office on January 17, 2026. She is Virginia's first female governor.
Once Upon a Tour
Once Upon a Tour was a concert tour by the Finnish symphonic metal band Nightwish, in 2004 and 2005, to promote the release of their fifth album, Once, released June 7, 2004. A new greatest hits compilation, Highest Hopes, was also released to tie in with the tour. The albums combined with the band's most expansive merchandise campaign by Nuclear Blast Records meant this tour was heralded as the band's most important in many years. Many of the band's songs had not been played in a long time.

Tuomas Holopainen
Tuomas Lauri Johannes Holopainen (born 25 December 1976) is a Finnish musician, songwriter, and record producer, best known as the primary songwriter, keyboardist, and founding member of the symphonic metal band Nightwish. He has stated that his songwriting is influenced by harmonic film music.

Before founding Nightwish, he played in the band Darkwoods My Betrothed. He later recorded an album with them as a full member in 2020. He also collaborated with the gothic metal band For My Pain... and the band of Timo Rautiainen.

Holopainen has written several songs that have been included in movie soundtracks, including a collaboration with Nightwish bass player and male vocalist Marko Hietala on "While Your Lips Are Still Red", for the Finnish film Lieksa! in 2007. He also co-wrote the music for Nightwish's own film, Imaginaerum, released in November 2012.

Holopainen released his first solo album Music Inspired by the Life and Times of Scrooge in 2014.
Henry Horst
Henry Horst (October 15, 1836 – March 4, 1905) was an American farmer and politician.

Born in Germany, Horst emigrated with parents to the United States in 1846 and settled in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. In 1850, Horst and his parents moved to the town of Charlestown, Calumet County, Wisconsin. Horst was a farmer. He served on the Charlestown Town Board and was chairman of the town board. Horst also served on the Calumet County Board of Supervisors and was chairman of the county board. In 1876, Horst served in the Wisconsin State Assembly and was a Democrat. Horst died of pneumonia.

Calumet County, Wisconsin
Calumet County is a county located in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 52,442. The county seat is Chilton. The county was created in 1836 (then in the Wisconsin Territory) and organized in 1850.

Calumet County is included in the Appleton, WI Metropolitan Statistical Area as well as the Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah, WI Combined Statistical Area.

The Holyland is partially located in southern Calumet County.
2025 Australian Open – Women's doubles
Kateřina Siniaková and Taylor Townsend defeated defending champion Hsieh Su-wei and her partner Jeļena Ostapenko in the final, 6–2, 6–7(4–7), 6–3 to win the women's doubles tennis title at the 2025 Australian Open. It was their second major title as a team, and the second major title overall for Townsend and tenth for Siniaková. Siniaková became the first woman to win a tenth major doubles title since Martina Hingis at the 2015 Wimbledon Championships.

Hsieh and Elise Mertens were the defending champions, but chose not to participate together. Mertens partnered Ellen Perez, but lost to Marta Kostyuk and Elena-Gabriela Ruse in the second round.

Siniaková retained the world No. 1 doubles ranking by reaching the semifinals. Erin Routliffe was also in contention for the top ranking at the beginning of the tournament.

Ellen Perez
Ellen Perez (born 10 October 1995) is an Australian professional tennis player.
Her career-high rankings in singles and doubles are world No. 162 and No. 7, achieved in August 2019 and in April 2024, respectively.
She has won eight doubles titles on the WTA Tour, three doubles titles on the Challenger Tour, as well as two singles and 19 doubles titles on the ITF Circuit.

Perez made her major main-draw debut at the 2016 Australian Open in doubles with Belinda Woolcock; they lost in the first round to Jessica Moore and Storm Sanders. Perez made her first singles major appearance at the 2016 US Open, after winning the Australian Wildcard Play-off.
Cobalt-precorrin 5A hydrolase
Cobalt-precorrin 5A hydrolase (EC 3.7.1.12), CbiG (gene)) is an enzyme with systematic name cobalt-precorrin 5A acylhydrolase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

cobalt-precorrin-5A + H2O  cobalt-precorrin-5B + acetaldehyde + 2 H+

This enzyme hydrolyses the ring A acetate delta-lactone of cobalt-precorrin-5A and releases a two-carbon fragment from the macrocyclic corrin ring as acetaldehyde. This is part of the biosynthetic pathway to cobalamin (vitamin B12) in anaerobic bacteria such as Salmonella typhimurium and Bacillus megaterium.

Macrocycle
Macrocycles are often described as molecules and ions containing a ring of twelve or more atoms. Classical examples include the crown ethers, calixarenes, porphyrins, and cyclodextrins. Macrocycles describe a large, mature area of chemistry.
Johnny Vilstrup
Johnny Vilstrup Pedersen (27 February 1967 – 31 August 2025) was a Danish professional footballer, who played as a midfielder for Lyngby and AGF of the Danish Superliga. He moved abroad to play professionally for Luton Town during the 1995–96 season.

Danish Superliga
The Danish Superliga (Danish: Superligaen, pronounced [ˈsuˀpɐliːˌkɛˀn̩]) is a professional association football league in Denmark and the highest level of the Danish football league system. The league is currently contested by 12 teams each year, with 2 teams relegated. It is the current Danish football championship tournament, and administered by the Divisionsforeningen.
Palliard Press
Palliard Press was a small, independent comic book publishing house co-founded by Phil Foglio, illustrator of such titles as Buck Godot, Girl Genius, and Robert Asprin's MythAdventures, and Greg Ketter, owner of DreamHaven Books in Minneapolis, Minnesota.

Palliard Press published several titles over its short existence, most notably the humorous science fiction miniseries Buck Godot: Zap Gun For Hire: The Gallimaufry, the erotic series XXXenophile, and What's New with Phil & Dixie, all illustrated by Foglio. Palliard also published a collection of Tim Barela's gay comic strip, Leonard and Larry.

DreamHaven Books
DreamHaven Books & Comics, established 1977 by Greg Ketter, is a Minneapolis, Minnesota independent bookstore specializing in science fiction, fantasy and horror.

DreamHaven is the oldest continuously running science fiction, fantasy and horror bookstore in the Minneapolis-Saint Paul area. The store sells new and used genre fiction, comics and graphic novels, film books, and merchandise. The store won the Will Eisner Spirit of Retail Award in 1999.

DreamHaven Press is the store's in-house publishing company.
Battle of Karpathos
The Battle of Karpathos was a battle in 1498 in which the Ottoman fleet under the command of Kemal Reis defeated the Knights Hospitaller fleet under the command of Nicolas Centurione, which blocked its way between Karpathos and Crete on its return from Egypt in July 1498.

Bayezid II
Bayezid II (Ottoman Turkish: بايزيد ثانى, romanized: Bāyezīd-i s̱ānī; Turkish: II. Bayezid; 3 December 1447/1448 – 26 May 1512) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1481 to 1512. During his reign, Bayezid consolidated the Ottoman Empire, thwarted a pro-Safavid rebellion and finally abdicated his throne to his son, Selim I. Bayezid evacuated Sephardi Jews from Spain following the fall of the Nasrid Kingdom of Granada and the proclamation of the Alhambra Decree and resettled them throughout Ottoman lands, especially in Salonica.
Grönholm
Grönholm is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Greta Grönholm, Finnish sprint canoer

Kurt Grönholm, Finnish Olympic rower

Maj-Len Grönholm, Finnish politician

Marcus Grönholm, Finnish rally driver

Niclas Grönholm, Finnish rally driver

Ossi-Petteri Grönholm, Finnish ice hockey defenceman

Peter Grönholm, Finnish Olympic fencer

Sari Grönholm, Finnish Olympic snowboarder

Ulf Grönholm, Finnish rally driver

Greta Grönholm
Greta Alexandra Grönholm (8 June 1923 – 12 June 2015) was a Finnish sprint canoer who competed in the early 1950s. She won a gold medal in the K-2 500 m event at the 1950 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in Copenhagen. Grönholm was born in Ekenäs in June 1923 and died in June 2015 at the age of 92.
Jack Nagel (alpine skier)
Jack Nagel (January 30, 1926 – March 11, 2004) was an American alpine ski racer. He competed in two events at the 1952 Winter Olympics.

Born in Port Townsend and raised in Skykomish, Nagel was a third-generation logger when skiing was gaining popularity in the 1940s. He later ran the only gas station in Skykomish and was a ski instructor at Stevens Pass until 1962, when the new Crystal Mountain opened near Mount Rainier and the family relocated to Enumclaw. Nagel headed the ski school and race program; the racing school was featured in Sports Illustrated in 1963, with older daughter Cathy, 14, on the cover.

Younger daughter Judy Nagel was an Olympian and World Cup racer. At age sixteen in 1968, she led the Olympic slalom after the first run, but did not finish the second.

Alpine skiing at the 1952 Winter Olympics
At the 1952 Winter Olympics in Oslo, Norway, the six alpine skiing events were held from Thursday, 14 February, to Wednesday, 20 February. The downhill and giant slalom events were held at Norefjell in Krødsherad, Buskerud, and the slalom events at Rødkleiva in Oslo.

The giant slalom made its Olympic debut, and the combined event was dropped as an Olympic medal event for four decades, until 1988.  It returned as a medal event at the World Championships two years later in 1954, and for the concurrent World Championships in Olympic years from 1956 through 1980. For fourteen World Championships (1954–1980), the combined was a "paper race," using the results from the three events (and required the completion of each).
Alternanthera philoxeroides
Alternanthera philoxeroides, commonly referred to as alligator weed, is a native species to the temperate regions of South America, which includes Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay. Argentina alone hosts around 27 species that fall within the range of the genus Alternanthera. Its geographic range once covered only the Parana River region of South America, but it has since expanded, having been introduced to over 30 countries, such as the United States, Japan, China, Australia, New Zealand and many more. This invasive species is believed to have been accidentally introduced to these non-native regions through sediments trapped by, or attached to, tanks and cargo of ships travelling from South America to these various areas.

Paraná River
The Paraná River (Portuguese: Rio Paraná [ˈʁi.u paɾaˈna] ⓘ; Spanish: Río Paraná [ˈri.o paɾaˈna] ⓘ; Guarani: Ysyry Parana) is a river in south-central South America, running through Brazil, Paraguay, and Argentina for some 4,880 kilometres (3,030 mi). Among South American rivers, it is second in length only to the Amazon River. It merges with the Paraguay River and then farther downstream with the Uruguay River to form the Río de la Plata and empties into the Atlantic Ocean.

The first European to go up the Paraná River was the Venetian explorer Sebastian Cabot, in 1526, while working for Spain.

A drought hit the river in 2021, causing a 77-year low.
Fairfield Avenue station
Fairfield Avenue station is a SEPTA Metro light rail station in Upper Darby Township, Pennsylvania. It is served by both services (D1 and D2) of the D. The station is located in a private right-of-way and has two side platforms. A stone shelter is located on the outbound (westbound) platform.

SEPTA Metro
SEPTA Metro is an urban rail transit network in and around Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, operated by the Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority (SEPTA). The network includes two rapid transit lines, a light rail system with five branches, a streetcar line, a light rail line with two services, and an interurban/light metro line, totaling 78 miles (126 km) of rail service.

Although some of Philadelphia's transit lines date to the 19th century and the SEPTA agency began operations in 1965, the transit network itself had no formal name until 2024, when it was named "SEPTA Metro" as part of an effort to make the system easier to navigate. The effort replaced each line's name with a single letter, plus a number to denote various service patterns.
Legacy Early College Field
Legacy Early College Field is a 4,000-seat stadium located on the campus of Legacy Early College, a college preparatory school, in Greenville, South Carolina. The stadium is best known for being the home field for Greenville Triumph SC, a professional soccer club that plays in USL League One, the third tier of soccer in the United States. It was previously the football stadium for the former Parker High School, whose building Legacy Early College occupies today.

USL League One
USL League One (USL1) is a professional men's soccer league in the United States that had its inaugural season in 2019. The Division 3 league is operated by the United Soccer League, the same group that operates the men's Division 2 USL Championship, women's Division 1 league USL Super League, and other leagues. As of 2026, the league has 17 active teams that are scheduled to play 32 regular-season games, followed by playoffs. All teams also participate in the USL Cup, adding four games, followed by knockout rounds.
2003 Tokachi earthquake
The 2003 Tokachi earthquake, known in Japanese as the 2003 Tokachi-Oki earthquake (平成15年十勝沖地震, Heisei jūgo-nen Tokachi-Oki jishin), occurred off the coast of Hokkaido, Japan on 26 September at 04:50 local time (19:50 UTC 25 September). At a focal depth of 27 km (17 mi), this great undersea earthquake measured 8.3 on the moment magnitude scale, making it the most powerful earthquake of 2003, as well as one of the most intense earthquakes to hit Japan since modern record-keeping began in 1900.

The Hokkaido earthquake caused extensive damage, damaging roads all around Hokkaidō, and triggered power outages and extensive landslides. Over 800 people were injured. The earthquake also caused a tsunami reaching 4.4 metres (14 ft) in height.

Seismic magnitude scales
Seismic magnitude scales are used to describe the overall strength or "size" of an earthquake. These are distinguished from seismic intensity scales that categorize the intensity or severity of ground shaking (quaking) caused by an earthquake at a given location. Magnitudes are usually determined from measurements of an earthquake's seismic waves as recorded on a seismogram. Magnitude scales vary based on what aspect of the seismic waves are measured and how they are measured. Different magnitude scales are necessary because of differences in earthquakes, the information available, and the purposes for which the magnitudes are used.
Glycophorin C
Glycophorin C (GYPC; CD236/CD236R; glycoprotein beta; glycoconnectin; PAS-2') plays a functionally important role in maintaining erythrocyte shape and regulating membrane material properties, possibly through its interaction with protein 4.1. Moreover, it has previously been shown that membranes deficient in protein 4.1 exhibit decreased content of glycophorin C. It is also an integral membrane protein of the erythrocyte and acts as the receptor for the Plasmodium falciparum protein PfEBP-2 (erythrocyte binding protein 2; baebl; EBA-140).

Serine
Serine
/ˈsɪəriːn/
(symbol Ser or S) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. It contains an α-amino group (which is in the protonated −NH+3 form under biological conditions), a carboxyl group (which is in the deprotonated −COO− form under biological conditions), and a side chain consisting of a hydroxymethyl group, classifying it as a polar amino acid. It can be synthesized in the human body under normal physiological circumstances, making it a nonessential amino acid. It is encoded by the codons UCU, UCC, UCA, UCG, AGU and AGC.
Rakeem Christmas
Rakeem Haleek Christmas (born December 1, 1991) is an American professional basketball player for the Amartha Hangtuah of the Indonesian Basketball League (IBL). He played college basketball for the Syracuse Orange for four seasons before being drafted by the Minnesota Timberwolves with the 36th overall pick in the 2015 NBA draft.

After being drafted by the Timberwolves, he was traded to the Cleveland Cavaliers, who then traded him to the Indiana Pacers. He spent two seasons with the Pacers while also playing for their NBA G League team, the Fort Wayne Mad Ants. He was then waived in the 2017 offseason and went overseas to play for Galatasaray in Turkey, the New Zealand Breakers of the National Basketball League (NBL), the Magnolia Hotshots of the Philippine Basketball Association, and Ormanspor in Turkey.

National Basketball League (Australia)
The National Basketball League (NBL) is a men's professional basketball league in Australasia, currently composed of ten teams: nine in Australia and one in New Zealand. It is the premier professional men's basketball league in Australia and New Zealand. The league was played in the Australian winter until 1998 when it switched to summer seasons beginning with the 1998–99 season. The NBL's regular season runs from September to February, with each team playing 33 games. The league's finals extends into March to April, culminating with the Championship grand final series.
Potamoi (Bithynia)
Potamoi (Ancient Greek: Ποταμοί) was a town of ancient Bithynia located on the road from Libyssa to Chalcedon on the north coast of the Sinus Astacenus, an arm of the Propontis.

Its site is located east of Pendik, in Asiatic Turkey.

Sea of Marmara
The Sea of Marmara, also known as the Sea of Marmora, the Marmara Sea or Propontis /prəˈpɒntɪs/ (ancient Greek: Προποντίς /pro.ponˈdis/), is a small inland sea entirely within the borders of Turkey. It links the Black Sea and the Aegean Sea via the Bosporus and Dardanelles straits, separating Turkey's European and Asian sides. It has an area of 11,350 km2 (4,380 sq mi), and its dimensions are 280 km × 80 km (174 mi × 50 mi). Its greatest depth is 1,370 m (4,490 ft).
Pierre-Louis de Lorimier
Pierre-Louis de Lorimier, usually anglicized to Peter Loramie (March 1748 – June 26, 1812), was a colonial French-Canadian fur trader, British Indian agent, and ally of the Shawnee. In later years, he founded what became Cape Girardeau and Bollinger Counties, Missouri. He died in Cape Girardeau and was buried there with his Native American wife.

Cape Girardeau County, Missouri
Cape Girardeau County (commonly called Cape County) is located in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of Missouri; its eastern border is formed by the Mississippi River. At the 2020 census, the population was 81,710. The county seat is Jackson, the first city in the US to be named in honor of President Andrew Jackson. Officially organized on October 1, 1812, the county is named after Ensign Sieur Jean Baptiste de Girardot, an official of the French colonial years. The "cape" in the county's name is named after a former promontory rock overlooking the Mississippi River; this feature was demolished during railroad construction. Cape Girardeau County is the hub of the Cape Girardeau–Jackson metropolitan area. Its largest city is Cape Girardeau.
Sadiq Al-Mohsin
Sadiq Al-Mohsin (Arabic: صادق المحسن; born 23 October 1997) is a Saudi Arabian handball player for Khaleej Club and the Saudi Arabian national team.

He participated at the 2017 World Men's Handball Championship.

2017 World Men's Handball Championship
The 2017 IHF World Men's Handball Championship was the 25th event hosted by the International Handball Federation. The event was held in France from 11 to 29 January 2017.

France, in a clean sweep, defended their title by defeating Norway 33–26 in the final, which secured France their sixth title. Slovenia defeated Croatia 31–30 to capture the bronze medal. Norway (from a wildcard) and Slovenia earned their first World Championship medals ever.

The championship set a record of attendance in total of 540,000 spectators with 23 matches being sold out and with a venue record of 28,010 at both of France's knock-out matches in Lille.
Irfan Mehraj
Irfan Mehraj is a journalist and human rights activist from Kashmir. He works with Deutsche Welle and also writes for various publications like The Indian Express, TRT World, The Wire, The Caravan, Himal Southasian and NewArab. Irfan has specially written about the challenges facing the Muslim community in Kashmir. He was the Editor of Two Circles and the founding editor of Wande Magazine.

The New Arab
Al-Araby Al-Jadeed (Arabic: العربي الجديد) is a London-based pan-Arab news outlet owned by Qatari company Fadaat Media. It launched an Arabic-language website in March 2014 and an Arabic language daily newspaper in September 2014. The English version of its website is known as The New Arab.

In 2015, Fadaat launched Al Araby Television Network as a counterweight to Al Jazeera and its perceived bias.