hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Haidingerite
Haidingerite is a calcium arsenate mineral with formula Ca(AsO3OH)·H2O. It crystallizes in the orthorhombic crystal system as short prismatic to equant
crystals. It typically occurs as scaly, botryoidal or fibrous coatings. It is soft, Mohs hardness of 2 to 2.5, and has a specific gravity of 2.95. It has refractive indices of nα = 1.590, nβ = 1.602 and nγ = 1.638.

It was originally discovered in 1827 in Jáchymov, Czech Republic. It was named to honor Austrian mineralogist Wilhelm Karl Ritter von Haidinger (1795–1871). It occurs as a dehydration product of pharmacolite in the Getchell Mine, Nevada.

Arsenate
The arsenate is an ion with the chemical formula AsO3−4. Bonding in arsenate consists of a central arsenic atom, with oxidation state +5, double bonded to one oxygen atom and single bonded to a further three oxygen atoms. The four oxygen atoms orient around the arsenic atom in a tetrahedral geometry. Resonance disperses the ion's −3 charge across all four oxygen atoms.

Arsenate readily reacts with metals to form arsenate metal compounds. Arsenate is a moderate oxidizer and an electron acceptor, with an electrode potential of +0.56 V for its reduction to arsenite. Due to arsenic having the same valency and similar atomic radius to phosphorus, arsenate shares similar geometry and reactivity with phosphate. Arsenate can replace phosphate in biochemical reactions and is toxic to most organisms.
New Hutton
New Hutton is a village and civil parish in Westmorland and Furness, Cumbria, England. At the 2011 Census, it had a population of 348.

New Hutton is east of Kendal, and north of Old Hutton. The M6 motorway runs through the eastern edge of the parish, and the A684 road across it east–west.

The village is south of the A684. The church of St Stephen is in the centre of the village.

There is a parish council, the lowest tier of local government.

A684 road
The A684 is an A road that runs through Cumbria and North Yorkshire, starting at Kendal, Cumbria and ending at Ellerbeck and the A19 road in North Yorkshire. It crosses the full width of the Yorkshire Dales, passing through Garsdale and the full length of Wensleydale.

Flooding can be a problem after heavy rain, especially at Appersett, near Hawes, and heavy snow can close the road temporarily at the Black Horse hill and in Garsdale.
Santa Bàrbara, Spain
Santa Bàrbara (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈsanta ˈβaɾβaɾa]) is a municipality in the comarca of Montsià in Catalonia, Spain.

Santa Bàrbara is part of the Taula del Sénia free association of municipalities. It has a population of 3,871 (register office, 2025) .

Comarques of Catalonia
The comarques of Catalonia (singular comarca, Eastern Catalan: [kuˈmarkə], Western Catalan: [koˈmaɾka]), often referred to in English as counties, are an administrative division of Catalonia. Each comarca comprises a number of municipalities, roughly equivalent to a county in the United States. Currently, Catalonia is divided into 42 comarques and Aran, considered a "unique territorial entity" and not a comarca.

Each comarca has a representative county council (Catalan: consell comarcal), except for Barcelonès, which abolished it in 2019, and Aran, which instead has the Conselh Generau d'Aran.

Comarques form the second-level administrative division within Catalonia, being a subdivision of vegueries (or provinces at state level).
Ernest Cabo
Ernest Mesmin Lucien Cabo (15 December 1932 in Sainte-Rose, Guadeloupe – 28 November 2019 in Basse-Terre) was the Roman Catholic bishop of the Diocese of Basse-Terre in Guadeloupe from 1984 to 2008.

Cabo was ordained a priest in 1964 and on 2 July 1984 succeeded Siméon Oualli as the bishop of Basse-Terre. He retired on 15 May 2008 and was succeeded by the bishop of Pontoise, Jean-Yves Riocreux, who was appointed bishop of Basse-Terre in June 2012 and took up the post in September 2012.

Diocese of Pontoise
The Diocese of Pontoise (Latin: Dioecesis Pontisarensis; French: Diocèse de Pontoise) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in France. The commune of Pontoise is about 35 km (22 mi) northewest of Paris, north of the Seine. Established in 1966, the Diocese of Pontoise was composed of territory split off from the Diocese of Versailles, and including a large part of the Vexin. The diocese is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Paris.
Deep reinforcement learning
Deep reinforcement learning (deep RL) is a subfield of machine learning that combines reinforcement learning (RL) and deep learning. RL considers the problem of a computational agent learning to make decisions by trial and error. Deep RL incorporates deep learning into the solution, allowing agents to make decisions from unstructured input data without manual engineering of the state space. Deep RL algorithms are able to take in very large inputs (e.g. every pixel rendered to the screen in a video game) and decide what actions to perform to optimize an objective (e.g. maximizing the game score). Deep reinforcement learning has been used for a diverse set of applications including but not limited to robotics, video games, natural language processing, computer vision, education, transportation, finance and healthcare.

State space (computer science)
In computer science, a state space is a discrete space representing the set of all possible configurations of a system. It is a useful abstraction for reasoning about the behavior of a given system and is widely used in the fields of artificial intelligence and game theory.

For instance, the toy problem Vacuum World has a discrete finite state space in which there are a limited set of configurations that the vacuum and dirt can be in. A "counter" system, where states are the natural numbers starting at 1 and are incremented over time has an infinite discrete state space. The angular position of an undamped pendulum is a continuous (and therefore infinite) state space.
Ken Fagerberg
Ken Göran Fagerberg (born 9 January 1989) is a Swedish professional footballer who plays as a forward for Faroese club Royn Hvalba, where he also is the clubs manager.

He formerly represented Örgryte IS, Midtjylland, Viborg FF, AC Horsens, Vendsyssel FF. Assyriska FF, and TB Tvøroyri during his career.

Viborg FF
Viborg Fodsports Forening (lit. 'Viborg Footsport Association'), also known as Viborg FF or VFF for short, is a Danish professional football club based in the Central Jutland city of Viborg. They compete in the Danish Superliga, the top tier of Danish football. Nicknamed de Grønne (the Greens), the club was originally founded on 1 April 1896. After more than 100 years of existence, the club won their first and only major trophy in 2000, lifting the Danish Cup.
Mulcaster
Mulcaster is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

G. H. Mulcaster (1891–1964), British actor

Richard Mulcaster (c.1531–1611), English headmaster, lexicographer and priest

William Mulcaster (1783–1837), British Royal Navy officer

Wynona Mulcaster (1915–2016), Canadian painter

Wynona Mulcaster
Wynona Croft Mulcaster (April 10, 1915 – August 25, 2016) was a Canadian painter and teacher from Saskatchewan, best known for her prairie landscapes. She also played an important role in developing competitive riding in Saskatoon.
Manirtala
Manirtala is a village within the jurisdiction of the Jaynagar Majilpur police station in the Jaynagar II CD block in the Baruipur subdivision of the South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

Community development block
In India, a community development block (CD block) or simply a block is a sub-division of a district, administratively earmarked for planning and development. In tribal areas, similar sub-divisions are called tribal development blocks (TD blocks). The area is administered by a block development officer (BDO), supported by several technical specialists and village-level workers. A community development block covers several gram panchayats, the local administrative units at the village level. A block is a rural subdivision and typically smaller than a tehsil. A tehsil is purely for revenue administration, whereas a block is for rural development purposes. In most states, a block is coterminous with the panchayat samiti area.
Michael Brennan (Fine Gael politician)
Michael Brennan (1884 – 6 October 1970) was an Irish politician who served as a Teachta Dála (TD) for fifteen years for the Roscommon constituency.

A farmer, Brennan stood unsuccessfully at the 1923 general election as a Farmers' Party candidate. He was first elected as an Independent TD at the June 1927 general election and returned at the September 1927 general election.

Brennan joined Cumann na nGaedheal in 1932, but lost his seat at the 1932 general election. He was returned at the 1933 general election, and re-elected at the 1937 and 1938 general elections. He lost his seat at the 1943 general election, and stood again unsuccessfully as a Fine Gael candidate at the 1944 general election.

He stood as an independent candidate at the 1948 general election, and for Fine Gael at the 1951 general election, but was unsuccessful on both occasions.

1951 Irish general election
The 1951 Irish general election to the 14th Dáil was held on Wednesday, 30 May following the dissolution of the 13th Dáil on 7 May by President Seán T. O'Kelly on the request of Taoiseach John A. Costello. The general election took place in 40 Dáil constituencies throughout Ireland for 147 seats in Dáil Éireann, the house of representatives of the Oireachtas.

This election was the first election since the declaration of the Republic of Ireland on 18 April 1949 under the terms of The Republic of Ireland Act 1948, which forced Ireland's withdrawal from the British Commonwealth.

The 14th Dáil met at Leinster House on 13 June to nominate the Taoiseach for appointment by the president and to approve the appointment of a new government of Ireland. Costello failed to secure a majority, and Éamon de Valera was appointed Taoiseach, forming the 6th government of Ireland, a single-party minority Fianna Fáil government.
Sarah L. Waters
Sarah Louise Waters is a British applied mathematician whose research interests include biological fluid mechanics, tissue engineering, and their applications in medicine. She is a professor of applied mathematics in the Mathematical Institute at the University of Oxford, a Fellow of St Anne's College, Oxford, and a Leverhulme Trust Senior Research Fellow of the Royal Society.

Waters completed her Ph.D. at the University of Leeds in 1996. Her dissertation, Coronary artery haemodynamics: pulsatile flow in a tube of time-dependent curvature, was supervised by Tim Pedley. She was named a professor at Oxford in 2014.

In 2012, she won a Whitehead Prize "for her contributions to the fields of physiological fluid mechanics and the biomechanics of artificially engineered tissues".

In 2019, Waters was elected a fellow of the American Physical Society.

Applied mathematics
Applied mathematics is the application of mathematical methods by different fields such as physics, engineering, medicine, biology, finance, business, computer science, social science, and industry. Thus, applied mathematics is a combination of mathematical science and specialized knowledge. The term "applied mathematics" also describes the professional specialty in which mathematicians work on practical problems by formulating and studying mathematical models.

In the past, practical applications have motivated the development of mathematical theories, which then became the subject of study in pure mathematics where abstract concepts are studied for their own sake. The activity of applied mathematics is thus intimately connected with research in pure mathematics.
Grand 120-cell
In geometry, the grand 120-cell or grand polydodecahedron is a regular star 4-polytope with Schläfli symbol {5,3,5/2}. It is one of 10 regular Schläfli-Hess polytopes.

It is one of four regular star 4-polytopes discovered by Ludwig Schläfli. It is named by John Horton Conway, extending the naming system by Arthur Cayley for the Kepler-Poinsot solids.

Arthur Cayley
Arthur Cayley FRS (/ˈkeɪli/; 16 August 1821 – 26 January 1895) was an English mathematician who worked mostly on algebra. He helped found the modern British school of pure mathematics, and was a professor at Trinity College, Cambridge for 35 years.

He postulated what is now known as the Cayley–Hamilton theorem—that every square matrix is a root of its own characteristic polynomial, and verified it for matrices of order 2 and 3. He was the first to define the concept of an abstract group, a set with a binary operation satisfying certain laws, as opposed to Évariste Galois' concept of permutation groups. In group theory, Cayley tables, Cayley graphs, and Cayley's theorem are named in his honour, as well as Cayley's formula in combinatorics.
DWKB
DWKB (99.3 FM) was a defunct radio station owned and operated by Bright Light Broadcasting. Its studios and transmitter were located in Santiago, Isabela. This station's callsign was owned before from Intercontinental Broadcasting Corporation on 1974-1989 as DWKB-FM.

Santiago, Isabela
Santiago, officially the City of Santiago (Ilocano: Siudad ti Santiago; Ibanag: Siudad nat Santiago; Gaddang: Siudad na Santiago; Filipino: Lungsod ng Santiago), is an  independent component city in the Cagayan Valley region of the Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 150,313 people.

It is formerly known as Carig during the time of the Spanish, it is located between the southwestern part of Isabela and the northwestern boundary of Quirino in northeastern Luzon island of the Philippines. It is the gateway to the vast plains of Cagayan Valley.

Despite being statistically grouped by the Philippine Statistics Authority and geographically located within the boundaries of the province of Isabela, as well as part of the province's 4th District, Santiago is administratively and legally independent from the province, in accordance with Section 25 of the Local Government Code. It is also the second most populous city in Isabela after the capital city, Ilagan.
Protocobitis anteroventris
Protocobitis anteroventris is a species of loach within the family Cobitidae. Lengths of the species include the holotype measuring 75.7 millimeters, and further paratypes measuring 64.6, 71, and 71.8 millimeters. The distribution, only known from the type localities of these specimens, is a cave at Lingping Town, Tianlin County, Guangxi, China at an elevation of 830 meters.

Loach
Loaches are ray-finned fishes of the suborder Cobitoidei. They are freshwater, benthic (bottom-dwelling) fish found in rivers and creeks throughout Eurasia and northern Africa. Loaches are among the most diverse groups of fish; the 1249 known species of Cobitoidei make up about 107 genera divided among 9 families.
2017 Tommy & More
2017 Tommy & More was a United Kingdom 7-date concert tour by British band the Who. The first two nights saw the band performing live in its entirety their 1969 studio album Tommy along with a few classics, with the rest of the tour featuring an extended Tommy set as a centerpiece to an otherwise greatest hits show.

Eyesight to the Blind
"Eyesight to the Blind" is a 12-bar blues song written and recorded in 1951 by Sonny Boy Williamson II (Aleck "Rice" Miller).  He also recorded the related songs "Born Blind", "Unseeing Eye", "Don't Lose Your Eye", and "Unseen Eye" during his career.  The Larks, an American rhythm and blues group, recorded the song, which reached number five on the R&B charts in 1951.  Several musicians subsequently recorded it in a variety of styles.  The Who adapted Williamson's song for their rock opera Tommy.

In 2022, Williamson's recording was inducted into the Blues Hall of Fame in the 'Classics of Blues Recording – Singles' category.
Maxime Legault
Maxime Legault (born March 28, 1989) is a Canadian ice hockey player who is currently playing for Boxers de Bordeaux in the French Ligue Magnus. He was originally selected by the Buffalo Sabres in the seventh round (194th overall) of the 2009 NHL Entry Draft.

Ligue Magnus
The Ligue Magnus, currently known as Synerglace Ligue Magnus for sponsorship reasons, is the top men's division of the French ice hockey pyramid, established in 1906. The league operated under a variety of names before taking that of its championship trophy, the Magnus Cup, in 2004. The trophy was in turn named for Frenchman and IIHF founder Louis Magnus.

Teams from the Ligue Magnus can participate in the IIHF's annual Champions Hockey League (CHL), competing for the European Trophy. Participation is based on the strength of the various leagues in Europe (excluding the Eurasian Kontinental Hockey League). Going into the 2022–23 CHL season, the Ligue Magnus was ranked the No. 9 league in Europe, allowing them to send their top team to compete in the CHL.
Ferry transport in Berlin
Ferry transport forms part of the transport network of Berlin
due to the city's extensive network of rivers, lakes, and canals. 6 routes operate within the city boundaries and one serves the city of Potsdam, which are part of the common public transport tariff run by the Verkehrsverbund Berlin-Brandenburg (VBB).

Outside of this system there are private and tourist ferries, the Straussee Ferry is notable as it is one of only a handful of electrically operated cable ferries in the world.

Steglitz-Zehlendorf
Steglitz-Zehlendorf (German: [ˌʃteːɡˌlɪt͡s ˈt͡seːlənˌdɔʁf] ⓘ) is the sixth borough of Berlin, formed in Berlin's 2001 administrative reform by merging the former boroughs of Steglitz and Zehlendorf.

Home to the Free University of Berlin, the Berlin Botanical Garden, and a variety of museums and art collections, Steglitz-Zehlendorf is an important hub for research, science and culture in Berlin. It is known to be the wealthiest borough of Berlin, having the city's highest median household income.
Pilawala
Pilawala is a village in Kandy, Sri Lanka. It is located within the Central Province, about 9 km easterly from Kandy. There is an Access route via Sirimalwatta - Yakgahapitiya - Menikhinna road or by the Shuttle Bus route Number 621, Menikhinna - Kandy.

It is well known for the ancient temple and the Tamarind tree.

Central Province, Sri Lanka
The Central Province (Sinhala: මධ්‍යම පළාත Madhyama Paḷāta, Tamil: மத்திய மாகாணம் Maddiya Mākāṇam) is one of the nine provinces of Sri Lanka. The province has an area of 567,400 ha (1,402,000 acres) and a population of 2,421,148, making it the second most populated province. The city of Kandy has been its capital since 1469.

The Central Province is located primarily in the central mountainous terrain of Sri Lanka. It is bordered by the North Central Province to the north, the Uva Province to the east, the North Western Province to the west and the Sabaragamuwa Province to the south and west.

The province is famous for its production of Ceylon tea, the cultivation of which was initiated by the British in the 1860s after a devastating disease killed all coffee plantations in the province. The province attracts many tourists, with hill station towns such as Gampola, Hatton and Nuwara Eliya. The province is home to four UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
Jonna Malmgren
Jonna Malmgren (born 21 June 2001) is a Swedish freestyle wrestler competing in the 53 kg division. She won the gold medal in the 2022 and 2023 European Wrestling Championships held in Zagreb, Croatia.

2022 European Wrestling Championships
The 2022 European Wrestling Championships was held from 28 March to 3 April 2022 in Budapest, Hungary. Belarusian and Russian wrestlers did not compete at the event after a ban as a result of the Russian invasion of Ukraine.
Pyrénées-Atlantiques
Pyrénées-Atlantiques (French pronunciation: [pi.ʁe.nez‿at.lɑ̃.tik] ⓘ; Gascon Occitan: Pirenèus Atlantics; Basque: Pirinio Atlantikoak) is a department located in the region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine in the southwest corner of metropolitan France. Named after the Pyrenees mountain range and the Atlantic Ocean, it covers the French Basque Country and the Béarn. It is divided in three arrondissements and its prefecture is Pau. In 2019, it had a population of 682,621.

Prefectures in France
In France, a prefecture (French: préfecture, pronounced [pʁefɛktyʁ] ⓘ) may be:

the chef-lieu de département, the commune in which the administration of a department is located;

the chef-lieu de région, the commune in which the administration of a region is located;

the jurisdiction of a prefecture;

the official residence or headquarters of a prefect.

Although the administration of departments and regions is distinct, a regional prefect is ex officio prefect of the department in which the regional prefecture is located. The officeholder has authority upon the other prefects in the region on a range of matters.
Mats Mõtslane
Mart Kiirats (6 January 1884 – 16 November 1956), also known by his pseudonym Mats Mõtslane, was an Estonian writer and politician.

Kiirats was born on 6 January 1884 in Tõstamaa in Pärnu County and became a writer. He was elected to the Estonian Provincial Assembly, which governed the Autonomous Governorate of Estonia between 1917 and 1919; he served the full term and was the Secretary between 27 July and 25 October 1917. He did not sit in the newly formed Republic of Estonia's Asutav Kogu (Constituent Assembly), but was elected to the I Riigikogu, first legislature of the Estonian parliament, in 1920 as a member of the Farmers' Assemblies party. He stepped down on 12 April 1921 and was replaced by Jaan Saul. Kiirats died on 16 November 1956 in Vändra.

Tõstamaa
Tõstamaa is a small borough (Estonian: alevik) in Pärnu municipality, Pärnu County, southwestern Estonia. Tõstamaa has a population of 466 (as of 1 January 2020).

St. Mary's Lutheran Church in Tõstamaa was built in 1763–1768.
Membrane steroid receptor
Membrane steroid receptors (mSRs), also called extranuclear steroid receptors, are a class of cell surface receptors activated by endogenous steroids that mediate rapid, non-genomic signaling via modulation of intracellular signaling cascades. mSRs are another means besides classical nuclear steroid hormone receptors (SHRs) for steroids to mediate their biological effects. SHRs can produce slow genomic responses or rapid, non-genomic responses in the case of mSRs.

Endogeny (biology)
Endogeny, in biology, refers to the property of originating or developing from within an organism, tissue, or cell.

For example, endogenous substances, and endogenous processes are those that originate within a living system (e.g. an organism or a cell). For instance, estradiol is an endogenous estrogen hormone produced within the body, whereas ethinylestradiol is an exogenous synthetic estrogen, commonly used in birth control pills.

In contrast, exogenous substances and exogenous processes are those that originate from outside of an organism.
2015 Torneo Internacional Challenger León – Doubles
Sam Groth and Chris Guccione were the defending champions, but chose to compete in the 2015 U.S. Men's Clay Court Championships instead.

Austin Krajicek and Rajeev Ram won the title, defeating Guillermo Durán and Horacio Zeballos in the final, 6–2, 7–5.

Chris Guccione (tennis)
Christopher Luke Guccione (/ˌɡuːtʃiˈoʊni/ GOO-chee-OH-nee; born 30 July 1985) is an inactive Australian professional tennis player from Greenvale, Victoria. He has won five ATP Tour doubles titles, and reached career-high rankings of singles world No. 67 in April 2008 and doubles world No. 38 in November 2014.