hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gerbang Pembayaran Nasional
Gerbang Pembayaran Nasional, also known as National Payment Gateway or by its abbreviation, GPN, is an interbank network in Indonesia initiated by Bank Indonesia. GPN is a system consisting of standards, switching, and services built through a set of rules and mechanisms to integrate various instruments and payment channels nationwide. Launched on 4 December 2017, in Jakarta through Bank Indonesia Regulation No.19/8/PBI/2017 and the Regulation of Members of the Board of Governors No.19/10/PADG/2017 regarding Gerbang Pembayaran Nasional (National Payment Gateway), GPN localises the banking payment system in Indonesia which was previously concentrated on multinational payment card services corporations such as Visa and Mastercard.

GPN is integrated with national QR code payment standard QRIS and interbank transfer standard BI-Fast.

It is mandatory for banking customers in Indonesia to have at least one GPN card for domestic offline transactions.

QR code payment
A QR code payment is a mobile payment method where payment is performed by scanning a QR code from a mobile app. This is an alternative to doing electronic funds transfer at point of sale using a payment terminal.  This avoids a lot of the infrastructure traditionally associated with electronic payments such as payment cards, payment networks, payment terminal and merchant accounts.

To make a QR code payment, the consumer scans the QR code displayed by the merchant with their smartphone to pay for their goods. They enter the amount they have to pay and finally submit. This is a more secure card-not-present method than others.
Bournemouth Rowing Club
Bournemouth Rowing Club, formerly known as Westover and Bournemouth Rowing Club, was founded in 1865 and is the oldest club in Bournemouth. It competes in coastal rowing regattas organised by the Hants and Dorset Amateur Rowing Association on the South Coast of England.  The club now operates out of a shared boathouse on the river Stour at Iford and is affiliated to British Rowing.

British Rowing
British Rowing, formerly the Amateur Rowing Association (ARA), is the national governing body for the sport of rowing (both indoor and on-water rowing). It is responsible for the training and selection of individual rowers and crews representing Great Britain and England, and for participation in and the development of rowing in England. Scottish Rowing (formerly SARA) and Welsh Rowing (formerly WARA) oversee governance in their respective nations, organise their own teams for the Home International Regatta and input to the GB team organisation.

British Rowing is a member of the British Olympic Association and the World Rowing Federation (formerly FISA).
Special Areas Board
The Special Areas Board is the governing body of Alberta's special areas. Special areas are designated rural municipalities similar to municipal districts; however, the elected advisory councils are overseen by four representatives appointed by the province, under the direct authority of Alberta Municipal Affairs.

The three special areas were created in 1938 under the authority of the Special Areas Act as a result of hardship brought upon a particular area in southeastern Alberta during the drought of the 1930s. A special area is not to be confused with a specialized municipality, which is a completely different municipal status.

The special areas are administered under the provisions of the Special Areas Act. The three special areas are located in southeast Alberta within Census Division 4.

Great Depression in Canada
The worldwide Great Depression of the early 1930s was a social and economic shock that left millions of Canadians unemployed, hungry and often homeless. Few countries were affected as severely as Canada during what became known as the "Dirty Thirties", due to Canada's heavy dependence on exports which declined sharply in quantity and price, together with a crippling Prairies drought known as the Dust Bowl. Widespread losses of jobs and savings ultimately transformed the country by triggering the birth of social welfare, a variety of populist political movements, and a more activist role for government in the economy.

In 1930-1931 the Canadian government responded to the Great Depression by applying severe restrictions to entry into Canada. New rules limited immigration to British and American subjects or agriculturalists with money, certain classes of workers, and immediate family of the Canadian residents. About 25,000 unemployed immigrants were also deported.
Swing Vote (1999 film)
Swing Vote is a 1999 American drama television film directed by David Anspaugh, written by Ronald Bass and Jane Rusconi, and starring Andy Garcia.  It features an alternative reality in which the Supreme Court of the United States has overturned the Roe v. Wade decision and the State of Alabama has subsequently charged a woman with first degree murder for having an abortion. The film was produced by Jerry Bruckheimer Films and Columbia TriStar Television and premiered on ABC on April 19, 1999.

Columbia TriStar Television
Columbia TriStar Television, Inc. (abbreviated as CTT) was an American television production and distribution company, which was active from February 21, 1994 until its reincorporation as Sony Pictures Television on September 16, 2002. It was the third iteration of what had originated as Columbia Pictures's television studio, Screen Gems.
The Beach of Lost Children
The Beach of Lost Children (French: La Plage des enfants perdus, Arabic: شاطئ الأطفال الضائعين) is a 1991 French-Moroccan drama film written and directed by Jillali Ferhati. It was screened in competition at the 48th Venice International Film Festival.

48th Venice International Film Festival
The 48th annual Venice International Film Festival was held on 3 to 14 September 1991.

Italian film critic Gian Luigi Rondi was the Jury President of the main competition.

The Golden Lion winner was Close to Eden directed by Nikita Mikhalkov.
Museum Hill Historic District
Museum Hill Historic District is a national historic district located at St. Joseph, Missouri. The district encompasses 248 contributing buildings in a predominantly residential section of St. Joseph. It developed between about 1860 and 1942, and includes representative examples of Italianate, Second Empire, Queen Anne, Tudor Revival, American Foursquare, and Bungalow / American Craftsman style architecture. Located in the district is the separately listed Robidoux School. Other notable buildings include the First Congregational Church (1890), Francis Street Methodist Church (1905), First Baptist Church (1896) designed by architect Edmond Jacques Eckel (1845–1934), United Presbyterian Church (1901), First Church of Christ Scientist (1905), First English Evangelical Lutheran Church (1913), and Queen of the Apostles Roman Catholic Church (1908) designed by Eckel.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991 with a boundary increase in 2009.

Edmond Jacques Eckel
Edmond J. Eckel FAIA (June 22, 1845 – December 12, 1934) was an architect in practice in St. Joseph, Missouri, from 1872 until his death in 1934. In 1880 he was the founder of Eckel & Mann, later Eckel & Aldrich and Brunner & Brunner, which was the oldest architectural firm in Missouri prior to its eventual dissolution in 1999.
Gray spiny mouse
The gray spiny mouse  (Acomys cineraceus) is a species of rodent in the family Muridae found in Ethiopia, Kenya, South Sudan, and Uganda. Its natural habitats are dry savanna, moist savanna, rocky areas, arable land, and rural gardens.

Muridae
The Muridae, or murids, are either the largest or second-largest family of rodents and of mammals, containing approximately 870 species, including many species of mice, rats, and gerbils found naturally throughout Eurasia, Africa, and Australia.

The name Muridae comes from the Latin mus (genitive muris), meaning "mouse", since all true mice belong to the family, with the more typical mice belonging to the genus Mus.
Gallium(III) fluoride
Gallium(III) fluoride (GaF3) is a chemical compound.  It is a white solid that melts under pressure above 1000 °C but sublimes around 950 °C. It has the FeF3 structure where the gallium atoms are 6-coordinate.  GaF3 can be prepared by reacting F2 or  HF with Ga2O3 or by thermal decomposition of (NH4)3GaF6.  GaF3 is virtually insoluble in water.  Solutions of GaF3 in HF can be evaporated to form the trihydrate, GaF3·3H2O, which on heating gives a hydrated form of GaF2(OH).  Gallium(III) fluoride reacts with mineral acids to form hydrofluoric acid.

Mineral acid
A mineral acid (or inorganic acid) is an acid derived from one or more inorganic compounds, as opposed to organic acids which are acidic, organic compounds. All mineral acids form hydrogen ions and the conjugate base when dissolved in water.
Muchosa
The muchosa is a type of bagpipe dating back to the late 13th century in Hainaut, Belgium and northern France, where it is known as the pipasso.

The muchosa has a chanter with a conical bore and double reed, pitched to B-flat. It has two single-reed drones. The treble drone is placed in a common stock with the chanter, and the bass drone is placed further back in its own stock, a feature common to other the musette style of bagpipe in central and northern France.

Bore (wind instruments)
In music, the bore of a wind instrument (including woodwind and brass) is its interior chamber.  This defines a flow path through which air travels, which is set into vibration to produce sounds.  The shape of the bore has a strong influence on the instrument's timbre.
Arnulf of Valenciennes
Arnulf (or Arnoul, or Arnold) of Valenciennes (d. 22 October 1011), was a 10th and 11th century count and perhaps sometimes a margrave, who was lord of the fort of Valenciennes, which was at that time on the frontier with France (West Francia), on the river Scheldt. It was part of the pagus of Hainaut, in Lower Lotharingia, within the Holy Roman Empire.

In the 10th century he is often mentioned together with the margrave of the next imperial fort to the north, at Ename, who was also count of Mons, Count Godefrey "the captive".

He was possibly the same person as his contemporary Arnulf the count of Cambrai.

Lower Lotharingia
The Duchy of Lower Lotharingia, also called Northern Lotharingia, Lower Lorraine or Northern Lorraine (and also referred to as Lothier or Lottier in titles), was a stem duchy of the medieval Kingdom of Germany established in 959, which encompassed almost all of  modern Belgium, Luxembourg, the northern part of the German Rhineland province and the eastern parts of France's Nord-Pas de Calais region. It also included almost all of modern Netherlands.
Ryoko Sekiguchi
Ryoko Sekiguchi (Japanese: 関口 涼子; Tokyo, December 21, 1970) is a Japanese poet and translator.

She studied journalism at Waseda University. After graduating, she studied History of Art at the Sorbonne and received a doctorate in comparative literature and cultural studies at the University of Tokyo. She publishes her books in both French and Japanese and works for institutions like Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales.

A quote in French, attributed to Sekiguchi, appears at the top of the label of 2016 vintage Moulis-en-Médoc from Château Chasse-Spleen in Bordeaux: "Percevoir l'énigme sans prétendre la résoudre: la seule façon de vivre sa vie." ("To see the mystery, but not to solve it: the only way to live a life.")

Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales
The Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales (French pronunciation: [ɛ̃stity nɑsjɔnal de lɑ̃ɡ e sivilizɑsjɔ̃ ɔʁjɑ̃tal]; transl. "National Institute for Oriental Languages and Civilizations"), abbreviated as INALCO, is a French grand établissement with a specializing in the teaching of languages and cultures from the world. Its coverage spans languages of Central Europe, Africa, Asia, America, and Oceania. With 104 languages taught as of 2024, this institution is currently the world's largest provider of language training courses.

It is also informally called "Langues'O" (French: [lɑ̃ɡz‿o]) in French, an abbreviation for Langues orientales.

The INALCO logo is made up of the school's acronym, each part of which is translated into languages written in non-Latin characters, corresponding to Inalco's fields of teaching and research.
Graham Crawford
Graham Andrew Crawford (born 16 October 1967) is a former English cricketer.  Crawford was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm off break.  He was born in Windlesham, Surrey.

Crawford represented the Surrey Cricket Board in 2 List A cricket matches against Norfolk and Cheshire in the 1999 NatWest Trophy. In his 2 List A matches, he scored 71 runs at a batting average of 35.50, with a high score of 41. With the ball he took 2 wickets at a bowling average of 15.50, with best figures of 2/31.

Windlesham
Windlesham is a geographically-large village in the Surrey Heath borough of Surrey, England, approximately 25 miles (40 km) south west of central London. Its name derives from the Windle Brook, which runs south of the village into Chobham, and the common suffix 'ham', the Old English word for 'homestead'. The village of Windlesham has a population of around 4,000, while the civil parish of Windlesham has a population of 17,000 and includes the much larger neighbouring villages of Bagshot and Lightwater.

Windlesham Arboretum, which covers an area of approximately 1 km2 (0.39 sq mi), is on the south side of the M3 motorway. Access to the motorway is via Junction 3. The nearest railway stations are Sunningdale and Bagshot, with Sunningdale offering the most frequent services for London Waterloo on the Waterloo–Reading line.
Chiswick, New South Wales
Chiswick is a suburb in the Inner West of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. It is located 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) west of the Sydney central business district in the local government area of the City of Canada Bay. Chiswick sits on the peninsula between Abbotsford Bay and Five Dock Bay, on the Parramatta River. It is surrounded by the suburbs of Abbotsford, Russell Lea and Drummoyne.

Inner West
The Inner West of Sydney is an area directly west of the Sydney central business district, New South Wales, Australia.  The suburbs that make up the Inner West are predominantly located along the southern shore of Port Jackson (Parramatta River), stretching south to the shores of the Cooks River. The western boundary of the Inner West is approximately the A3 arterial road (Homebush Bay Drive / Centenary Drive), which divides the Inner West from the Greater Western Sydney region. The Inner West is much larger than the Inner West Council local government area. The Inner West roughly corresponds with the Parish of Petersham and Parish of Concord, two cadastral divisions used for land titles.
IP500 Alliance
The IP500 Alliance, with its seat in Berlin, Germany, is an international organization of manufacturers of products and systems for building automation and system integration. Members include Bosch, Honeywell, Siemens, Omron and Toyota Tsusho. A goal of the IP500 Alliance is to define and develop a wireless, manufacturer-neutral and safe data transfer IP500 communication platform for large buildings.

The alliance was created in 2007 in Berlin. Since 2011 the IP500 Alliance has been a registered non-profit organization.

Bosch (company)
Robert Bosch GmbH (/bɒʃ/; German: [bɔʃ] ⓘ), commonly known as Bosch (styled BOSCH), is a German multinational engineering and technology company headquartered in Gerlingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. The company was founded by Robert Bosch in Stuttgart in 1886. Bosch is 94% owned by the Robert Bosch Stiftung, a charitable institution. Although the charity is funded by owning the vast majority of shares, it has no voting rights and is involved in health and social causes unrelated to Bosch's business.

Bosch's core operating areas are spread across four business sectors: mobility (hardware and software), consumer goods (including household appliances and power tools), industrial technology (including drive and control), and energy and building technology.

In terms of revenue, Bosch is the largest automotive supplier. From 2025 onwards, Bosch faced massive economic problems in the automotive sector, because global sales of German cars are declining.
Missouri Route 187
Route 187 is a short segment of highway running less than five miles (8 km) in Howard County, Missouri.  Its eastern terminus is at Route 87 south of Glasgow; its western terminus is at Boone's Lick State Historic Site.  No towns are on the route.

Glasgow, Missouri
Glasgow is a city on the Missouri River mostly in northwest Howard County and extending into the southeast corner of Chariton County in Missouri, United States. The population was 1,087 at the 2020 census.

The Howard County portion of Glasgow is part of the Columbia, Missouri Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Giorgi Chitaia
Giorgi Chitaia (Georgian: გიორგი ჩიტაია, November 10, 1890, Poti – August 28, 1986, Tbilisi) was a Georgian ethnographer, worked at the University of Tbilisi. During his fieldwork he travelled throughout the country documenting regional cultures. Giorgi Chitaia was married to another well-known ethnographer Vera Baradavelidze (1899–1970). Chitaia played a vital role in preserving cultural heritage in Georgia during the Soviet occupation and rule. In 1922 he got the position to lead the newly created section of ethnography at Georgian National Museum. He held this position until his death in 1986.

In the 1960s he planned to construct a national open-air museum in Tbilisi. In 1966  The Giorgi Chitaia Open Air Museum of Ethnography was founded.

Poti
Poti (Georgian: ფოთი [pʰo̞t̪ʰi]; Mingrelian: ფუთი, puti; Laz: ჶაში/Faşi or ფაში/Paşi) is a port city in Georgia, located on the eastern Black Sea coast in the region of Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti in the west of the country. Built near the site of the ancient Greek colony of Phasis and deriving its name from the same, the city has become a major port city and industrial center since the early 20th century. It is also home to a main naval base and the headquarters of the Georgian Navy.
Nadine Wilson
Nadine Wilson is a Canadian politician who served as the member of the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan (MLA) for Saskatchewan Rivers from 2007 to 2024. From 2022 to 2024, she served as the first leader of the Saskatchewan United Party. Wilson was formerly a Saskatchewan Party MLA who served as the Provincial Secretary in the governments of Brad Wall and Scott Moe.

Saskatchewan Rivers
Saskatchewan Rivers is a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan, Canada. This constituency is located where the North Saskatchewan River and the South Saskatchewan River merge. Communities in the riding include the towns of Big River and Choiceland; and the villages of White Fox, Debden, Meath Park, Candle Lake, Smeaton, and Christopher Lake.
Ho Krai railway station
Ho Krai railway station is a railway station located in Ho Krai Subdistrict, Bang Mun Nak District, Phichit. It is located 303.500 km from Bangkok railway station and is a class 3 railway station. It is on the Northern Line of the State Railway of Thailand.

Hua Lamphong railway station
Bangkok (Hua Lamphong) railway station (Thai: สถานีกรุงเทพ (หัวลำโพง), RTGS: Sathani Krung Thep (Hua Lamphong)) is a railway station in Pathum Wan, the former central passenger terminal in Bangkok and the former railway hub of Thailand. It is in the center of the city in the Pathum Wan district, and is operated by the State Railway of Thailand (SRT). Long distance trains moved to the new central station at Krung Thep Aphiwat Central Terminal in 2023.
Portola, San Francisco
Portola (Por-to-la, also known as Portola District) is a neighborhood located in the southeastern quadrant of San Francisco, California.

Portola is a neighborhood in the southeastern part of San Francisco, northeast of McLaren Park. It is roughly bordered by San Bruno Avenue and the James Lick Freeway (U.S. Route 101) to the east, Mansell Street to the south, University Street to the west and the Southern Freeway (Interstate 280) to the north. The adjacent Portola Heights extension lies west uphill from University Street to the Excelsior District, bordering McLaren Park to the south.

John McLaren Park
John McLaren Park is a park in southeastern San Francisco. At 313.7 acres (126.9 ha), McLaren Park is the fourth largest park in San Francisco by area, after Golden Gate Park, the Presidio, and Lake Merced Park. The park is surrounded mostly by the Excelsior, Crocker-Amazon, Visitacion Valley, Portola and University Mound neighborhoods.
Johannes Drost
Johannes Drost (22 June 1880 – 18 September 1954) was a Dutch backstroke swimmer and diver who competed in the 1900 Summer Olympics.

He won the bronze medal in the 200 m backstroke event in a time of 3:01.0, narrowly beating compatriot Johannes Bloemen. This was the first swimming medal and the first individual Olympic medal ever for the Netherlands.

Drost also competed at other international competitions. Among others in Antwerp, Belgium, in the week after he competed at the 1900 Summer Olympics, finishing second in te 100 metres backstroke, and won the diving competition.

Drost won in diving and swimming several medals at national championships.

Backstroke
Backstroke or back crawl is one of the four swimming styles used in competitive events regulated by FINA, and the only one of these styles swum on the back. This swimming style has the advantage of easy breathing, but the disadvantage of swimmers not being able to see where they are going. It also has a different start from the other three competition swimming styles. The swimming style is similar to an upside down front crawl or freestyle. Both backstroke and front crawl are long-axis strokes. In individual medley backstroke is the second style swum; in the medley relay it is the first style swum.
Etolin Canoe
The Etolin Canoe is an unfinished dugout canoe on Etolin Island, in the Tongass National Forest, that is listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places.  It is made of a single Western red cedar or an Alaska yellow cedar trunk and was started, it is believed, somewhere between 1880 and 1920.

The canoe was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

Callitropsis nootkatensis
Callitropsis nootkatensis, formerly known as Cupressus nootkatensis (syn. Xanthocyparis nootkatensis, Chamaecyparis nootkatensis), is a species of tree in the cypress family native to the coastal regions of northwestern North America. This species goes by many common names including: Nootka cypress, yellow cypress, Alaska cypress, Nootka cedar, yellow cedar, Alaska cedar, and Alaska yellow cedar. The specific epithet nootkatensis is derived from the species being from the area of Nootka Sound on the west coast of Vancouver Island, Canada.  Both locations are named for the older European name Nootka, given the Nuu-chah-nulth First Nation.
Swimming at the 1987 Pan American Games – Men's 400 metre individual medley
The men's 400 metre individual medley competition of the swimming events at the 1987 Pan American Games took place on 10 August at the Indiana University Natatorium. The last Pan American Games champion was Ricardo Prado of Brazil.

This race consisted of eight lengths of the pool. The first two lengths were swum using the butterfly stroke, the second pair with the backstroke, the third pair of lengths in breaststroke, and the final two were freestyle.

1987 Pan American Games
The 1987 Pan American Games, officially known as the X Pan American Games, was a major international multi-sport event held in Indianapolis, Indiana, United States, on August 7–23, 1987. Over 4,300 athletes from 38 countries in the Americas competed in 297 events in 30 sports, earning 1,015 medals. Events were held at 23 venues in and around Indianapolis. The official mascot for the games was Amigo, a green parrot.