hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alismatidae
Alismatidae is a botanical name at the rank of subclass.  Circumscription of the subclass will vary with the taxonomic system being used (there are many such systems); the only requirement being that it includes the family Alismataceae. It is a relatively new name: earlier systems, such as the Engler and Wettstein systems, used the name Helobiae for a comparable unit.

Engler system
One of the prime systems of plant taxonomy, the Engler system was devised by Adolf Engler (1844–1930), and is featured in two major taxonomic texts he authored or co-authored. His influence is reflected in the use of the terms "Engler School" and "Engler Era". Engler's starting point was that of Eichler who had been the first to use phylogenetic principles, although Engler himself did not think that he was.
Mike Rabold
Michael Rabold (March 12, 1937 -October 13, 1970) was an American professional football offensive guard who played eight years in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Indiana University and finished second in the 1958 voting for the Chicago Tribune Silver Football award. He died in a car crash in 1970.

Chicago Tribune Silver Football
The Chicago Tribune Silver Football is awarded by the Chicago Tribune to the college football player determined to be the best player from the Big Ten Conference. The award has been presented annually since 1924, when Red Grange of Illinois was the award's first recipient. In 2022, the Chicago Tribune announced a new partnership with the Union League Club of Chicago, where it is currently housed.

A vote of Big Ten head football coaches determines the winner of the Silver Football. Each coach submits a two-player ballot with a first and second choice, and coaches cannot vote for players on their own team. The first-place vote receives two points and the second-place vote receives one point.

Coaches and media of the Big Ten also make annual selections for additional individual honors.
Priyadharshini Selladurai
Priyadharshini Selladurai (born 26 February 2003) is an Indian professional footballer from Tamil Nadu who plays as a midfielder for the Indian Women's League club Gokulam Kerala and the India national football team.

Gokulam Kerala FC (women)
Gokulam Kerala FC Women is an Indian women's football section of Gokulam Kerala FC. They participated in Indian Women's League (IWL), the premier women's football league in India. They won their first IWL in 2019–20 season. They then retained the title in 2021–22 and 2022–23. In 2021, they became the first club to represent India in AFC Women's Club Championship.
WXMF
WXMF (91.9 FM) is a radio station  broadcasting a Christian radio format. Licensed to Marion, Ohio, United States, the station is currently owned by Kayser Broadcast Ministries.

WXMF airs a variety of Christian talk and teaching programs including; Revive our Hearts with Nancy Leigh DeMoss, Insight for Living with Chuck Swindoll, and In the Market with Janet Parshall.  WXMF also airs a variety of Christian music.

Chuck Swindoll
Charles Rozell Swindoll /ˈswɪnˌdɒl/ (born October 18, 1934) is an evangelical Christian pastor, author, educator, and radio preacher. He founded Insight for Living, headquartered in Frisco, Texas, which airs a radio program of the same name on more than 2,000 stations around the world in 15 languages. He was the founding pastor at Stonebriar Community Church, in Frisco, Texas, and also sat on its elder board.
Neil Williams (artist)
Neil Williams (1934 – March 28, 1988), was an American painter and educator. Williams was an abstract painter primarily known for his pioneering work with shaped canvases in the early 1960s. His paintings of the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s are associated with geometric abstraction, hard-edge painting, color field, and lyrical abstraction, although he did not readily subscribe to any category for his work. He taught fine arts at the School of Visual Arts, from the late 1970s until the early 1980s.

Lyrical abstraction
Lyrical abstraction arose from either of two related but distinct trends in Post-war Modernist painting:

European Abstraction Lyrique: a movement that emerged in Paris, with the French art critic Jean José Marchand being credited with coining its name in 1947; considered a component of Tachisme when the name of this movement was coined in 1951 by Pierre Guéguen and Charles Estienne (author of L'Art à Paris 1945–1966); and

American Lyrical Abstraction: a movement described by Larry Aldrich (founder of the Aldrich Contemporary Art Museum in Ridgefield, Connecticut) in 1969.

A second definition is the usage as a descriptive term. It is a descriptive term characterizing a type of abstract painting related to Abstract Expressionism; in use since the 1940s. Many well known abstract expressionist painters such as Arshile Gorky seen in context have been characterized as doing a type of painting described as lyrical abstraction.
Serban Cantacuzino (architect)
Șerban Cantacuzino, CBE (6 September 1928, in Paris – 22 February 2018 in London) was a Romanian architect and the founder and president of Pro Patrimonio foundation.

Cantacuzino was the son of architect, painter and essayist Prince George Matei Cantacuzino, of the noble Cantacuzino family. His grandmother descended from the Wallachian ruler Gheorghe Bibescu and his mother Sanda was the daughter of Barbu Dimitrie Știrbei, also of a family of Romanian aristocrats. Following his parents' separation and his mother settling in England with her children in 1939, Cantacuzino was educated at Winchester College and Magdalene College, Cambridge. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Institute of British Architects and was the secretary of the Royal Fine Arts Commission for more than a decade.

He was made a Commander of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 1988 New Year Honours.

Cantacuzino was survived by his widow, Anne, and their daughters Ilinca and Marina.

Gheorghe Bibescu
Gheorghe Bibescu (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈɡe̯orɡe biˈbesku]; 26 April 1804 – 1 June 1873) was the hospodar (prince) of Wallachia between 1843 and 1848. His rule coincided with the revolutionary tide that culminated in the 1848 Wallachian revolution.
Microliabum
Microliabum is a genus of South American flowering plants in the family Asteraceae.

Accepted species

Microliabum candidum (Griseb.) H.Rob. - Argentina (Tucumán, San Luis, La Rioja, Catamarca)

Microliabum eremophilum (Cabrera) H.Rob.  - Argentina (Tucumán, Salta)

Microliabum humile (Cabrera) Cabrera - Argentina (Jujuy, Salta)

Microliabum mulgediifolium (Muschl.) H.Rob. - Bolivia

Microliabum polymnioides (R.E.Fr.) H.Rob. - Bolivia, Argentina (Jujuy, Salta, Catamarca, Tucumán)

Jujuy Province
Jujuy [xuˈxuj] is a province of Argentina, located in the extreme northwest of the country, at the borders with Chile and Bolivia. The only neighboring Argentine province is Salta to the east and south.
Firat Cewerî
Firat Cewerî is a Kurdish writer, translator and journalist. He was born in the town of Derik near Mardin in southeastern Turkey. In the 1980s, he emigrated to Sweden, where he lives now.

He started writing in Kurdish in the 1980s. He served as the editor of the Kurdish journal Nûdem for about 10 years. He has written more than ten books in Kurdish and translated literary works of John Steinbeck, Chekhov, Dostoevsky, Astrid Lindgren, Yaşar Kemal and Henning Mankell into Kurdish.

Mardin
Mardin (Kurdish: مێردین, romanized: Mêrdîn; Arabic: ماردين, romanized: Mārdīn; Syriac: ܡܪܕܝܢ, romanized: Mardīn; Armenian: Մարդին) is a city and seat of the Artuklu District of Mardin Province in Turkey. It is known for the Artuqid architecture of its old city, and for its strategic location on a rocky hill near the Tigris River.

In February 2000, the Turkish Ministry of Culture placed Mardin and its surrounding cultural landscape on the country’s Tentative List for UNESCO World Heritage nomination.

The city had a population of 129,864 in 2021. The population is a mix of Kurds, Arabs, Mhallami, and Assyrians.
S. Mariappankennady
S. Mariappankennady is an Indian politician and former Member of the Legislative Assembly of Tamil Nadu. He was elected to the Tamil Nadu legislative assembly as an All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam candidate from Manamadurai constituency in the 2016.

He was one of the 18 members who were disqualified were disqualified by Speaker P. Dhanapal as they withdrew support to Chief Minister Edappadi K. Palaniswami and became loyal to rebel leader T.T.V. Dhinakaran and joined his party Amma Makkal Munnetra Kazhagam. He joined DMK in 2021.

2016 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election
The Fifteenth Legislative Assembly Election was held on 16 May 2016 for the 232 seats (except Thanjavur and Aravakurichi for which held on 26 October 2016) of the Legislative Assembly in the state of Tamil Nadu in India. The AIADMK under J. Jayalalithaa won the elections and became the first ruling party to be re-elected in Tamil Nadu since 1984, though with a simple majority. The DMK won half of the seats it contested but its allies performed poorly; notably, the Indian National Congress won 16% of the seats they contested, and the alliance lost due to its poor performance. The votes were counted on 19 May 2016. In the previous election in 2011, AIADMK had, under the leadership of Jayalalithaa, won a thumping majority and formed the government, while DMDK chief Vijayakanth served as the Leader of Opposition until January 2016. This was the last election that J. Jayalalithaa and M. Karunanidhi would contest, as they died later in 2016 and 2018, respectively.
David Jiles
David Collingwood Jiles FInstP FIEE FIET FIMA FIMMM FLSW (born 28 September 1953) is the Anson Marston Distinguished Professor of Engineering and holder of the Palmer Endowed Department Chair in Electrical and Computer Engineering at Iowa State University.

Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining
The Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining (IOM3) is a British engineering institution with activities including promotion of the development of materials science.

It has been a registered charity governed by a royal charter and a member of the United Kingdom's Science Council, since 2002. In 2019, the IOM3 celebrated the 150-year anniversary of the establishment of the Iron and Steel Institute which the IOM3 now encompasses. In 2022, it had a gross income of £3.99 million.
Gemini Residence
55°39′39″N 12°34′07″E﻿ / ﻿55.66083°N 12.56861°E﻿ / 55.66083; 12.56861

Gemini Residence is a residential building on the Islands Brygge waterfront in Copenhagen, Denmark. Built to the design of MVRDV, the building has been created by converting two former seed silos. It is located at the end of Bryggebroen, connecting Amager-side Islands Brygge to Zealand-side Vesterbro across the harbour, and close to the southern end of Havneparken.

With a reference to the twin silos that have given the building its shape, Gemini Residence takes its name from the Astrological sign Gemini, the Latin name of the Zodiac sign The Twins.

Gemini (astrology)
Gemini (♊︎; /ˈdʒɛmɪnaɪ/ JEM-in-eye Greek: Δίδυμοι, romanized: Dídymoi, Latin for "twins") is the third astrological sign in the zodiac. Under the tropical zodiac, the sun transits this zodiac sign between about May 20 to June 21. Gemini is represented by the twins, Castor and Pollux, known as the Dioscuri in Greek mythology. It is known as a positive, mutable sign.
Mat Chapman
Mat Chapman (13 April 1865 – 28 November 1909) was an English cricketer active from 1890 to 1895 who played over 50 times for Leicestershire. As Leicestershire was a second-class county until 1894, his first-class debut was made for Liverpool and District in 1893. He appeared in 28 first-class matches as a right-handed batsman who sometimes kept wicket. He scored 633 first-class runs with a highest score of 56 and completed 21 catches with two stumpings.

In April 1882 when he was 17 years old Chapman enlisted in the Leicestershire Regiment of the Militia or Army Reserve, he was described as a Labourer.

Militia (United Kingdom)
The British Militia was the principal military reserve force of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Militia units were repeatedly raised in Great Britain during the Victorian and Edwardian eras for internal security duties and to defend against external invasions. The British Militia was transformed into the Special Reserve under the Territorial and Reserve Forces Act 1907 (7 Edw. 7. c. 9), which integrated all militia formations into the British Army.
Patrick Sellors
Sir Patrick John Holmes Sellors (11 February 1934 – 30 September 2010) was an English ophthalmologist. The son of the surgeon Sir Thomas Sellors, he was educated at the Oriel College, Oxford, and Middlesex Hospital Medical School. He then worked at Moorfields from 1962 to 1965 and then St George's Hospital, where he was ophthalmic surgeon until 1982. He also held appointments at the Royal Marsden Hospital, the Croydon Eye Unit at the Mayday Hospital, King Edward VII's Hospital and St Luke's Hospital for the Clergy. In 1974, he was made Surgeon-Oculist to the Royal Household and, from 1980 to 1999, he was Surgeon-Oculist to the Queen.

Royal Marsden Hospital
The Royal Marsden Hospital is a specialist National Health Service oncology hospital in London based at two sites in Brompton, in Kensington and Chelsea, and Belmont in Sutton. It is managed by The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust and supported by The Royal Marsden Cancer Charity.

In addition to providing cancer diagnosis, treatment and care, The Royal Marsden is a major centre for cancer research and teaching. It has a close affiliation with the Institute of Cancer Research, which originated as the hospital's research department and is located alongside the hospital in Brompton and Belmont. Through its subsidiary The Royal Marsden School, it offers undergraduate and postgraduate degrees in cancer care validated by the University of East Anglia.
Noordeinde Palace
Noordeinde Palace (Dutch: Paleis Noordeinde, Dutch pronunciation: [paːˌlɛis noːrtˈɛində] ⓘ) is one of three official palaces of the Dutch royal family. Located in the city centre of The Hague in the province of South Holland, it has been used as the official workplace of King Willem-Alexander and Queen Máxima since 2013. The Noordeinde Palace and its surrounding palace grounds are property of the Dutch State.

Dutch royal house
In the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the monarchy of the Netherlands is a constitutional office and is controlled by the Constitution of the Netherlands. A distinction is made between members of the Dutch royal family as a whole and members of the royal house in particular. Both the royal house and the larger royal family are part of the Orange-Nassau dynasty.
Rabbiting
Rabbiting (also rabbit hunting and cottontail hunting) is the sport of hunting rabbits. It often involves using ferrets or dogs to track or chase the prey. There are various methods used in capturing the rabbit, including trapping and shooting. Depending on where the hunting occurs, there may be licenses required and other rules in regards to methods being used.

Trapping
Animal trapping, or simply trapping or ginning, is the use of a device to remotely catch and often kill an animal. Animals may be trapped for a variety of purposes, including for meat, fur/feathers, sport hunting, pest control, and wildlife management.

Among trapping methods, some are considered relatively humane while others are seen as excessively cruel. Laws in the European Union and many U.S. states ban inhumane traps such as foothold traps, and instead promote body-grip traps, which kill animals quickly and are therefore regarded as more humane. All traps, whether for capture or killing, must be checked at least every 24 hours, and humane guidelines recommend more frequent checks and, where possible, the use of monitoring devices that alert when a trap is triggered. Because improper trapping can cause severe animal suffering and pose risks to pets, wildlife, and humans, specialized certification programs train professionals in humane and safe pest management.
Schalun Castle
Schalun Castle (German Burg Schalun or Ruine Schalun), also known colloquially as Wildschloss ("Castle in the wild"), is a castle ruin located in the municipality of Vaduz, Liechtenstein. It lies in the mountains, roughly 1 kilometer to the northeast from the town centre of Vaduz, the capital of Liechtenstein. It is freely open to tourists and accessible by foot or mountain bike via a local footpath.  Schalun Castle is one of the five existing castles in Liechtenstein and one of the three ruined ones in the country.

Colloquialism
Colloquialism (also called colloquial language, everyday language, or general parlance) is the linguistic style used for casual (informal) communication. It is the most common functional style of speech, the language normally employed in casual conversation and other informal contexts. Colloquialism is characterized by the frequent use of expressive phrases, idioms, anthropocentrism, and a lack of specialized focus, and has a rapidly changing lexicon. It can also be distinguished by its usage of formulations with incomplete logical and syntactic ordering.

A specific instance of such language is termed a colloquialism. The most common term used in dictionaries to label such an expression is colloquial.
Sofia Akimova
Sofia Pavlovna Akimova (Russian: Софья Павловна Акимова, née Rebristova, Ребристова; born September 1824, Moscow, Imperial Russia, – died 16 June 1889, Ramenskoye, Moscow Governorate, Imperial Russia) was a popular Russian stage actress, associated with Maly Theatre in Moscow.

Having made her debut on stage in 1846, Akimova excelled in plays by Nikolai Gogol, Denis Fonvizin, Alexander Griboyedov, but most notably Alexander Ostrovsky, including The Storm, Poverty is No Vice, A Family Affair, A Profitable Position, Enough Stupidity for Every Wise Man and An Ardent Heart. With her husband, the Maly Theatre actor (and one-time stage director) A.F. Akimov, she co-translated several French plays.

Denis Fonvizin
Denis Ivanovich Fonvizin (Russian: Денис Иванович Фонвизин, IPA: [dʲɪˈnʲis ɪˈvanəvʲɪtɕ fɐnˈvʲizʲɪn]; 14 April [O.S. 3 April] 1745 – 12 December [O.S. 1 December] 1792) was a Russian playwright and writer of the Russian Enlightenment. He was one of the founders of literary comedy in Russia. His main works are two satirical comedies—including The Minor, which mocks contemporary Russian gentry—which are still staged today.
Crossroads 2: Live in the Seventies
Crossroads 2: Live in the Seventies is the seventh live album and a box set by Eric Clapton, released in March 1996. Unlike the first Crossroads box set that encompasses more than three decades of Clapton's work, Crossroads 2 is a chronicle of Clapton's live shows between 1974 through 1978. The album is largely focused on longer renditions of electric blues. Four studio outtakes are also included.

Stoke-on-Trent
Stoke-on-Trent (often abbreviated to Stoke) is a city and unitary authority area in Staffordshire, England. It had an estimated population of 259,965 in 2022, making it the largest settlement in Staffordshire and one of the largest cities of the Midlands. Stoke is surrounded by the towns of Newcastle-under-Lyme, Alsager, Kidsgrove and Biddulph, which form a conurbation around the city.

The city is polycentric, formed from the federation of six towns in 1910. It took its name from the town of Stoke-upon-Trent, where the main centre of government and the principal railway station in the district were located. Hanley is the primary commercial centre. The other four towns which form the city are Burslem, Tunstall, Longton and Fenton.

As the home of the pottery industry in England, the area is known as The Potteries. It is a centre for service industries and distribution centres. It formerly had a primarily heavy industry sector.
Campal Indoor Complex
15°29′22″N 73°48′39″E﻿ / ﻿15.489415425°N 73.810863681°E﻿ / 15.489415425; 73.810863681

Campal Indoor Complex is a multi-purposed indoor stadium in Campal, Goa, India. The stadium is a main stadium in the town of Campal. The stadium was constructed for the 36 National Games for events of volleyball and basketball. It has various sports facilities like physical training for boys and ladies, indoor games, swimming pools, outdoor games etc. The stadium is a home of Sports Authority of Goa.

Facilities includes air conditioning, player change rooms and lounge, dope control and medical rooms, media centre, state-of-the-art-acoustics and parking facilities and maple wood flooring at playing field. The stadium can also be used for many non sporting events and it can accommodate any indoor sporting event played at the Olympics.

The stadium will be host of boxing, table tennis, wrestling for 2020 National Games of India.

Sports Authority of Goa
The Sports Authority of Goa commonly abbreviated as SAG, is a body owned fully by the Government of Goa. It is responsible for the development of sports in the Indian state of Goa. It owns and maintains 14 sports complexes which include Olympic size swimming pools, FIFA approved football stadiums, jogging tracks and around 98 sports grounds all over the state.
Paul Paddon
Paul Paddon, quarterback for the University of Ottawa Gee Gee's, led them to the Vanier Cup final.

He was awarded the 1970 Hec Crighton Trophy for the most outstanding player in the nation, it was the University of Ottawa Gee Gee's first ever.

He was drafted by the Winnipeg Blue Bombers in 1971 (Round 6, #46).

In 1999 he was inducted into the Belleville Sports Hall of Fame.

He was in the first induction of the Lisgar Collegiate Institute Athletic Wall of Fame, as part of the 160th Anniversary celebrations.

Wife Valerie and children Jamie and Kelly. Kelly Paddon was a regular defenceman with the 1998-99 OHL Belleville Bulls J. Ross Robertson Cup champions.

Ottawa Gee-Gees
The Ottawa Gee-Gees (French: Gee-Gees d'Ottawa) are the athletic teams that represent the University of Ottawa in Ottawa, Ontario.

The Gee-Gees won the national football championship, the Vanier Cup, in 1975 and 2000, while also appearing in the game in the 1970, 1980, and 1997 seasons. The Gee-Gees women's rugby team won the national championship in 2017, and the women's soccer team were national champions in 1996 and 2018. The men's cross country team won three national titles, in 1986, 1987, and 1990.

The men's rugby team will host the 2024 Canadian University Men's Rugby Championship and are granted automatic entry as hosts. They are undefeated at home in 2023 and 2024, and are consistently ranked as a top 10 team in the country.

The men's hockey team will host the 2025 U Sports University Cup from March 20–23, 2025 and are granted automatic entry as hosts. The team finished the 2023–24 season 20–8.
Pedro Depestre
Pedro Celestino Depestre González (June 1945 – 8 April 2001) was a Cuban violinist, arranger and musical director. He was one of Cuba's most prolific charanga violinists, playing with Orquesta Aragón, Orquesta Maravillas de Florida, Orquesta Típica Juventud and Estrellas de Areito, among others. In the late 1990s, he recorded with the Buena Vista Social Club ensemble and toured with Orlando "Cachaíto" López in 2001, but died on stage during the first concert of the tour.

Omara Portuondo
Omara Portuondo Peláez (born 29 October 1930) is a Cuban singer and dancer. A founding member of the popular vocal group Cuarteto d'Aida, Portuondo has collaborated with many important Cuban musicians during her long career, including Julio Gutiérrez, Juanito Márquez and Chucho Valdés. Although primarily known for her rendition of boleros, she has recorded in a wide range of styles from jazz to son cubano. Since 1996, she has been part of the Buena Vista Social Club project, touring extensively and recording several albums with the ensemble. She won a Latin Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Tropical Album in 2009, a Latin Grammy Award for Best Traditional Tropical Album in 2023, a Latin Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award in 2019, and she received three Grammy Award nominations in 2019 and a nomination in 2024.