hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Amer Jamil
Amer Jamil is an Islamic scholar and co-founder of the Solas Foundation and iSyllabus programme, the latter of which he is currently the Project Director. He holds a (LLB) law degree from the University of Strathclyde and BA (Hons) in Islamic studies from the University of Wales. He was also previously the Muslim Chaplain at Glasgow Caledonian University.

Glasgow Caledonian University
Glasgow Caledonian University (abbreviated GCU; Scottish Gaelic: Oilthigh Chailleannach Ghlaschu), is a public university in Glasgow, Scotland. It was formed in 1993 by the merger of The Queen's College, Glasgow (founded in 1875) and Glasgow Polytechnic (originally Glasgow College of Technology (GCT), founded in 1971).

It is located in the Cowcaddens district, just to the immediate north of the city centre, and is Glasgow's third university, after the University of Glasgow and the University of Strathclyde.
Spencer-Nairn
Spencer-Nairn is a British double-barrelled surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Douglas Spencer-Nairn (1906–1970), Scottish politician

Tara Spencer-Nairn (born 1978), Canadian actress

Spencer-Nairn baronets

Douglas Spencer-Nairn
Lt-Colonel Sir Douglas Leslie Spencer Spencer-Nairn, 2nd Baronet (24 February 1906 – 8 November 1970) was a British Unionist politician in Scotland.

Spencer-Nairn was educated at Shrewsbury and Trinity Hall, Cambridge. In 1955, he was elected Member of Parliament for Central Ayrshire, defeating the Labour incumbent Archie Manuel.  Spencer-Nairn held the seat until 1959, when it was regained by Manuel against the national trend.

He was the grandfather of Canadian actress Tara Spencer-Nairn through his younger son John Chaloner Spencer-Nairn.
2017 Mountain West Conference women's soccer tournament
The 2017 Mountain West Conference women's soccer tournament was the postseason women's soccer tournament for the Mountain West Conference held from October 31 through November 4, 2017. The five-match tournament took place at Peter Johann Memorial Soccer Field in Las Vegas, Nevada. The six-team single-elimination tournament consisted of three rounds based on seeding from regular season conference play. The UNLV Rebels were the defending champions, but will not defend their title after having failed to qualify for the 2017 tournament. The San Diego State Aztecs won the tournament with a 3–0 win over the New Mexico Lobos in the final.

San Diego State Aztecs women's soccer
The San Diego State Aztecs women's soccer team is the women's soccer program that represents San Diego State University (SDSU). The Aztecs compete in NCAA Division I as a member of the Mountain West Conference (MW). The team plays its home games at the SDSU Sports Deck.

San Diego State's first women's soccer team was fielded in 1989. The Aztecs are coached by Mike Friesen.
Bauke Muller
Bauke Muller (born 17 February 1962) is a Dutch bridge player living in Hoorn.

Muller was World Champion Open Teams (Bermuda Bowl) in 1993 and 2011 and European Champion Open Teams (Tenerife) in 2005. In 2007 he won the bronze medal at both the European Open Team Championships in Antalya and the World Open Teams Championships in Shanghai. He is nicknamed "the professor" because of his habit of very long pauses for thought.

Bermuda Bowl
The Bermuda Bowl is a biennial contract bridge world championship for national teams. It is contested every odd-numbered year under the auspices of the World Bridge Federation (WBF), alongside the Venice Cup (women), the d'Orsi Senior Bowl and the Wuhan Cup (mixed). Entries formally represent WBF zones as well as nations, so it is also known as the World Zonal Open Team Championship. It is the oldest event that confers the title of world champion in bridge, and was first contested in 1950. The Bermuda Bowl trophy is awarded to the winning team, and is named for the site of the inaugural tournament, the Atlantic archipelago of Bermuda.

The term Bermuda Bowl is sometimes used for the entire two-week event, comprising the four zonal teams and one or more concurrent lesser tournaments.

Marrakesh, Morocco hosted the latest contest in August–September 2023, where Switzerland won the title.
Scrobipalpa salinella
Scrobipalpa salinella, the sea-aster groundling, is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found Europe, along the coast and in inland halophytic habitats. In the east, the range extends through Siberia and Central Asia to Mongolia. It is also found in North Africa.

The wingspan is 11–15 mm (0.43–0.59 in). Adults have been recorded on wing from June to September.

The larvae feed on Salicornia fruticosa (syn. Arthrocnemum fruticosum), Arthrocaulon macrostachyum (syn. Arthrocnemum macrostachyum) and Salicornia europaea. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Arthrocaulon macrostachyum
Arthrocaulon macrostachyum, synonym Arthrocnemum macrostachyum, is a species of flowering plant in the amaranth family. It is native to coastal areas of the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea and parts of the Middle East, where it grows in coastal and inland salt marshes, alkali flats, and other habitats with saline soils.
Giovanni Romano (architect)
Giovanni Romano (5 December 1905 – 15 October 1990) was an Italian architect. He was part of a group of rationalist architects from Milan that introduced the principles of the Modern Movement to Italy. Among his main works are the Swiss Center in Milan and the headquarters of the Humanitarian Society.

Rationalism (architecture)
In architecture, Rationalism (Italian: razionalismo) is an architectural current which mostly developed from Italy in the 1920s and 1930s. Vitruvius had claimed in his work De architectura that architecture is an art that can be comprehended rationally. The formulation was taken up and further developed in the architectural treatises of the Renaissance. Eighteenth-century progressive art theory opposed the Baroque use of illusionism with the classic beauty of truth and reason.

Twentieth-century Rationalism derived less from a special, unified theoretical work than from a common belief that the most varied problems posed by the real world could be resolved by reason. In that respect, it represented a reaction to Historicism and a contrast to Art Nouveau and Expressionism.

The term Rationalism is commonly used to refer to the wider International Style.
Carbon–oxygen bond
A carbon–oxygen bond is a polar covalent bond between atoms of carbon and oxygen.: 16–22  Carbon–oxygen bonds are found in many inorganic compounds such as carbon oxides and oxohalides, carbonates and metal carbonyls, and in organic compounds such as alcohols, ethers, and carbonyl compounds.: 32–36  Oxygen has 6 valence electrons of its own and tends to fill its outer shell with 8 electrons by sharing electrons with other atoms to form covalent bonds, accepting electrons to form an anion, or a combination of the two. In neutral compounds, an oxygen atom can form a triple bond with carbon, while a carbon atom can form up to four single bonds or two double bonds with oxygen.

Ether
In organic chemistry, ethers are a class of compounds that contain an ether group, a single oxygen atom bonded to two separate carbon atoms, each part of an organyl group (e.g., alkyl or aryl). They have the general formula R−O−R′, where R and R′ represent the organyl groups. Ethers can again be classified into two varieties: if the organyl groups are the same on both sides of the oxygen atom, then it is a simple or symmetrical ether, whereas if they are different, the ethers are called mixed or unsymmetrical ethers. A typical example of the first group is the solvent and anaesthetic diethyl ether, commonly referred to simply as "ether" (CH3−CH2−O−CH2−CH3). Ethers are common in organic chemistry and even more prevalent in biochemistry, as they are common linkages in carbohydrates and lignin.
Demise
Demise is an Anglo-Norman legal term (from French démettre, from Latin dimittere, to send away) for the transfer of an estate, especially by lease. It has an operative effect in a lease, implying a covenant "for quiet enjoyment".

The phrase "demise of the Crown" is used in English law to signify the immediate transfer of the sovereignty, with all its attributes and prerogatives, to the successor without any interregnum in accordance with the maxim "the Crown never dies". At common law the death of the sovereign de facto dissolved Parliament, but this was abolished by the Representation of the People Act 1867. Similarly the common law doctrine that all offices held under the Crown were terminated at its demise has been abolished by the Demise of the Crown Act 1901.

Demise of the Crown Act 1901
The Demise of the Crown Act 1901 is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

It provides that the holding of any office under the Crown shall not be affected, nor shall any fresh appointment thereto be rendered necessary, by the demise of the Crown.

Section 1 (2) provided that the Act took effect retrospectively "as from the last demise of the Crown"; i.e. the death of Queen Victoria. Section 1 (2) was repealed as spent legislation by the Statute Law (Repeals) Act 1973.

In the Republic of Ireland, the Act was repealed in its entirety by the Statute Law Revision Act 2007.
P. N. Okeke-Ojiudu
Chief ListenⓘPatrick Nwokoye Okeke-Ojiudu KSS (1914–1995), also referred to as P.N. or P.N. Okeke, was a Nigerian politician, businessman, teacher, philanthropist and the patriarch of the Okeke-Ojiudu family. He was Minister of Agriculture from 1959–1966, a period known as the Nigerian First Republic.

Tribal chief
A tribal chief, chieftain, or headman is a political leader of a social group commonly described as a tribe, band, or confederation of tribes. Chiefs’ authority varies widely by society and context, and in many cases depends on consensus and customary legitimacy rather than coercive power. In anthropology, terms such as tribe, chief, and chiefdom have been used in comparative models of sociopolitical organization, but the analytic use of tribe has also been widely criticized as imprecise and historically burdened. In some contemporary states, forms of chiefly authority are formally recognized or regulated by constitutions and statutes.
Maasmechelen
Maasmechelen (Dutch pronunciation: [maːsˈmɛxələ(n)]; Limburgish: Mechele) is a municipality located on the Meuse in the Belgian province of Limburg.

It comprises the former municipalities of Mechelen-aan-de-Maas, Vucht, Leut, Meeswijk, Uikhoven, Eisden, Opgrimbie, Boorsem, and Kotem.

Due to Maasmechelen's location near the borders of both the Netherlands and Germany, as well as its coal mining history, quite a few of its current inhabitants are of Dutch, German, Polish, or Mediterranean (mainly Italian) origin.

Meuse
The Meuse or Maas is a major European river, rising in France and flowing through Belgium and the Netherlands before draining into the North Sea from the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta. It has a total length of 925 km (575 miles).
Smoke & Retribution
"Smoke & Retribution" is a song by Australian DJ and record producer Flume. It features vocals from American rapper Vince Staples and Australian singer Kučka. It made its debut on Zane Lowe's Beats 1 radio show and was released on 29 January 2016, by Future Classic. The track is taken from Flume's second studio album, Skin.

Apple Music 1
Apple Music 1, previously branded as Beats 1, is a 24/7 music radio station owned and operated by Apple Inc. It is accessible through iTunes or the Apple Music app on a computer, smartphone or tablet, smart speaker (such as the Apple HomePod), and through the Apple Music web browser app.

While a paid subscription is not needed, users are required to sign in with an Apple ID account to listen to the free radio stations. Apple Music Radio is streamed at 64 kbit/s and 256 kbit/s, utilising HTTP Live Streaming protocol and the HE-AAC audio codec, powered by StreamS Live Encoder.

Apple Music also operates five sister stations.
Manasse Nzobonimpa
Manassé Nzobonimpa (born 1957 in Mitakataka, Bubanza) is a Burundian politician, a former colonel, Member of Parliament of the East African Legislative Assembly, Secretary General of the CNDD FDD and Governor of his native province of Bubanza.

In 2011, Manassé Nzobonimpa made public declarations accusing a group of officials in the ruling CNDD FDD of corruption, killings and other human rights violations. He then fled into exile with his family. Although media have reported him as living in Kenya, his official sources have not confirmed the information, nor has the Kenyan government.

A few months after the declarations, a group of members of Burundi's intelligence office along with two Ugandan policemen unsuccessfully attempted to arrest him in Kampala, Uganda. In an interview with Radio France Internationale Swahili Manassé declared to have recognized the group.

In 2015, Nzobonimpa criticized president Nkurunziza's search for a third term.

National Council for the Defense of Democracy – Forces for the Defense of Democracy
The National Council for the Defense of Democracy–Forces for the Defense of Democracy (French: Conseil National Pour la Défense de la Démocratie–Forces Pour la Défense de la Démocratie, CNDD–FDD) is the ruling political party in Burundi. It emerged as the most significant rebel group during the Burundian Civil War and transformed into a political party after the conflict. The party's rule has been described as authoritarian.
2014 Tercera División play-offs
The 2014 Tercera División play-offs to Segunda División B from Tercera División (Promotion play-offs) were the final playoffs for the promotion from 2013–14 Tercera División to 2014–15 Segunda División B. The first four teams in each group took part in the play-off.

Royal Spanish Football Federation
The Royal Spanish Football Federation (Spanish: Real Federación Española de Fútbol; RFEF) is the governing body of football in Spain. Founded on 29 September 1913, it is based in La Ciudad del Fútbol of Las Rozas, a municipality near Madrid.

RFEF organizes the national cup competitions (Copa de S.M. el Rey and Supercopa de España) and administers the competition committee of the Campeonato Nacional de Liga (Primera División and Segunda División), including the handling of the trophy, even though they are organized by LaLiga. It organizes the rest of national league tiers: Primera Federación (3rd), Segunda Federación (4th) and Tercera Federación (5th). It also rules all the female national competitions except the top league, Liga F.

It is also responsible for appointing the management of the men's, women's, and youth national football teams, the futsal and beach soccer. As of 2023, the federation has 30,188 registered clubs and 1,248,511 federated football players.
Looc, Occidental Mindoro
Looc, officially the Municipality of Looc (Tagalog: Bayan ng Looc),  is a municipality in the province of Occidental Mindoro, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 9,426 people, making it the least populated municipality in the province.

Poblacion
Poblacion (from Spanish población, meaning "population"), sometimes abbreviated as Pob., is a term used in the Philippines to refer to the administrative center, downtown, old town, or commercial area of a city or municipality. It may consist of a single barangay or multiple barangays. Colloquially, the poblacion area is also referred to as the bayan (see also other definitions of bayan), plaza, or centro.
Geology of West Sussex
The geology of West Sussex in southeast England comprises a succession of sedimentary rocks of Cretaceous age overlain in the south by sediments of Palaeogene age. The sequence of strata from both periods consists of a variety of sandstones, mudstones, siltstones and limestones. These sediments were deposited within the Hampshire and Weald basins. Erosion subsequent to large scale but gentle folding associated with the Alpine Orogeny has resulted in the present outcrop pattern across the county, dominated by the north facing chalk scarp of the South Downs. The bedrock is overlain by a suite of Quaternary deposits of varied origin. Parts of both the bedrock and these superficial deposits have been worked for a variety of minerals for use in construction, industry and agriculture.

Siltstone
Siltstone, also known as aleurolite, is a clastic sedimentary rock that is composed mostly of silt. It is a form of mudrock with a low clay mineral content, which can be distinguished from shale by its lack of fissility.

Although its permeability and porosity is relatively low, siltstone is sometimes a tight gas reservoir rock, an unconventional reservoir for natural gas that requires hydraulic fracturing for production to be economical.

Siltstone was prized in ancient Egypt for manufacturing statuary and cosmetic palettes. The siltstone quarried at Wadi Hammamat was a hard, fine-grained siltstone that resisted flaking and was almost ideal for such uses.
Magnus Dyrssen
Lieutenant Colonel Magnus Peder Wilhelm Dyrssen (18 May 1894 – 1 March 1940) was a Swedish Army officer. Dyrssen is best known as one of the initiators of the Swedish Volunteer Corps during the Winter War in Finland where he was killed in action.

Svea Artillery Regiment
The Svea Artillery Regiment (Swedish: Svea artilleriregemente), designation A 1, was a Swedish Army artillery regiment that traced its origins back to the 17th century. It was disbanded in 1997. The regiment's soldiers were originally recruited from Svealand, and it was also garrisoned there.
Mahindra Blues Festival
Mahindra Blues Festival (MBF) is an annual blues music festival that happens in February at Mehboob Studios, Bandra, Mumbai. Senior musicians who have performed here at this festival over the past years include Buddy Guy, Walter Trout, and John Mayall.

Bandra
Bandra ([bæːɳɖɾa]) is a coastal suburb located in Mumbai, the largest city of the Konkan division in Maharashtra, India. The area is located to the immediate north of the River Mithi, which separates Bandra from the Mumbai City district. It is the third-largest commercial hub in Maharashtra, after the Mumbai City and Pune, primarily aided by the Bandra Kurla Complex.

Before the opening of Khar Road railway station on 1 July 1924, Bandra was a larger area and included the present day Khar neighbourhood. It was considered too large a suburb to be served by one railway station, and a railway station was established to give the northern part of Bandra closer access to the Western Railway line. This eventually led to Khar being considered a separate suburb. However, to this day, the two adjoined suburbs make up one homogeneous zone. A number of prominent residents of Bandra are celebrities or VIPs who are or have been active in Bollywood, media, cricket or politics.
Ben Nazir, the Saracen
Ben Nazir, the Saracen is an 1827 historical tragedy by the Irish writer Thomas Colley Grattan. It premiered at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane in London on 21 May 1827. The original cast included Edmund Kean as Ben Nazir, Henry John Wallack as Charles Martel, John Cooper as Eudes, Duke of Aquitaine, Alexander Pope as Clotaire, Thomas Archer as Mervan, Henry Southwell as Velid, Thomas Comer as Army officer, Benjamin Webster as a Slave, Harriet Smithson as Bathilda and Sarah West as Emerance. Kean was eager for a new play for his relaunch himself on the London stage after being forced to make a tour of America in the wake of the scandal of his affair with Constance Cox. He turned down Alfred the Great by James Sheridan Knowles and selected Ben Nazir, although its reception was disastrous.

Harriet Smithson
Harriet Constance Smithson (18 March 1800 – 3 March 1854), who also went by Henrietta Constance Smithson, Harriet Smithson Berlioz, and Miss H.C. Smithson, was an Anglo-Irish Shakespearean actress of the 19th century, best known as the first wife and muse of Hector Berlioz.
Fabula (journal)
Fabula (from lat. fabula: "story, fable") is a multilingual academic journal on comparative folklore studies with a focus on European narratives (such as fairy tales, sagas, and fables). It publishes essays, reviews, and conference reports in German, English, and French. Its subtitle is: Zeitschrift für Erzählforschung. Journal of Folktale Studies. Revue d'Etudes sur le Conte Populaire.

Since 1958, the journal has been published bi-annually by De Gruyter and is available in both print and online-editions. It was established by the German scholar Kurt Ranke and is currently edited by Brigitte Bönisch-Brednich, Simone Stiefbold, and Harm-Peer Zimmermann. It is closely connected to the multi-volume work Enzyklopädie des Märchens (Encyclopedia of Fairy Tales) and is an official journal of the International Society for Folk Narrative Research. From 1959 till 1970 the Supplement-Serie A, Texte was published.

Fable
Fable is a literary genre defined as a succinct fictional story, in prose or verse, that features animals, legendary creatures, plants, inanimate objects, or forces of nature that are anthropomorphised, and that illustrates or leads to a particular moral lesson, which may at the end be added explicitly as a concise maxim or saying.

A fable differs from a parable in that the latter excludes animals, plants, inanimate objects, and forces of nature as actors that assume speech or other powers of humankind. Conversely, an animal tale specifically includes talking animals as characters.

Usage has not always been so clearly distinguished. In the King James Version of the New Testament, "μῦθος" ("mythos") was rendered by the translators as "fable" in the First Epistle to Timothy, the Second Epistle to Timothy, the Epistle to Titus and the First Epistle of Peter.
Shanbehzadeh Ensemble
The Shanbehzadeh Ensemble (Persian: گروه شنبه زاده) is an Iranian folk band, formed in Bushehr in 1990. The band offers a rare aspect of the traditional music and dance of the Persian Gulf, more specially of the province of Bushehr, south of Iran and bordering Persian gulf.

The principal instruments of the ensemble are the neyanbān (bagpipe), ney-jofti (flute), dammām (drum), zarbetempo (percussion), traditional flute, senj (cymbal) and boogh (a goat's horn). The ensemble has performed in front of audiences in Iran, Europe and North America.

Bagpipes of the Middle East and Persian Gulf
There are several bagpipes of the Middle East and Persian Gulf, with local cultural differences. There are several Arabic terms for the bagpipes, including habbān (هبان), jirbah (جربة). It is similar to the (Persian) ney-anbān.