hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1919 Liechtenstein referendum
A double referendum was held in Liechtenstein on 2 March 1919. Voters were asked whether they approved of increasing the number of directly elected members of the Landtag from 12 to 17, and whether the voting age should be lowered from 24 to 21. Both proposals were rejected by 55% of voters.

Voting age
A legal voting age is the minimum age that a person is allowed to vote in a democratic process. Most nations use 18 years of age as their voting age, but for other countries their voting age ranges between 16 and 21 (with the sole exception of the United Arab Emirates where the voting age is 25). A nation's voting age may therefore coincide with the country's age of majority, but in many cases the two are not tied.
Pieter Willem Leenhouts
Pieter Willem Leenhouts (1926 – 1 March 2004) was a Dutch botanist. He worked at the Rijksherbarium from 1947 until his official retirement in 1991, and then was an honorary member of staff  until 1999. He was editor of Blumea from 1973 to 1999.

The standard author abbreviation Leenh. is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.

Blumea (journal)
Blumea - Journal of Plant Taxonomy and Plant Geography (Tijdschrift voor de Systematiek en de Geografie der Planten in Dutch) is a peer-reviewed journal of botany published by the National Herbarium of the Netherlands.

Except for a short period during World War II, Blumea has been published continuously since 1934. It deals with the taxonomy, morphology, anatomy, biogeography, and ecology of spermatophytes and cryptogams native to Southeast Asia, sub-Saharan Africa (excluding South Africa), and South America. Blumea is published three times a year, with each issue numbering around 600 pages.
Justice Party (Iran)
Justice Party (Persian: حزب عدالت, romanized: Ḥezb-e ʿEdālat) was a political party in Iran, led  by Ali Dashti who co-founded it with other intellectuals who had participated in the politics of the early 1920s. Other prominent politicians include Jamal Emami, Ebrahim Kajanouri, Farajollah Bahrami, Jamshid Alam and Abulqassem Amini.

The party was "an association somewhat resembling a private club, with little organizational cohesion or collective sense of identity". Idologically, its character consisted of a centre-right nationalism and advocated general reforms in the administration and legal and educational systems.

The party opposed the Tudeh Party and supported a constitutional monarchy in Iran. According to Hossein Dadgar, a leading member of the party, it was formed "to counter the 'Fifty-three' communists who had founded the dangerous Tudeh party."

They backed Mohsen Sadr's government and were considered opposition to the governments of Ahmad Qavam and Ali Soheili.

Hossein Dadgar
Adl al-Molk (1889–1971), later known as Hossein Dādgar (Persian: حسین دادگر), was an Iranian politician.

He entered politics in the cabinet of Sayyed Ziya in 1921, as a member of Zia's Committee of Iron. He eventually became Parliament (Majlis) speaker for four periods.
Parodies of Harry Potter
The immense popularity and wide recognition of J. K. Rowling's Harry Potter fantasy series has led to its being extensively parodied, in works spanning nearly every medium. The franchise holds the record for the most fan fiction parodies, at over 900,000 Some self-described parodies have been targeted by Rowling and her publishers as plagiarism, while others have sold hundreds of thousands of copies without any threat of legal sanction. Misinterpretations of Harry Potter parodies have sparked at least two urban legends. Many Harry Potter parodies are self-published; others are put out as part of major comic productions, such as Mad, The Simpsons, Saturday Night Live and Robot Chicken, all of which have parodied Harry Potter several times. Rowling has also been parodied (and parodied herself) in a number of instances.

Urban legend
Urban legend (sometimes modern legend, urban myth, or simply legend) is a genre of folklore concerning stories about an unusual (usually scary) or humorous event that many people believe to be true but largely are not.

These legends can be entertaining but often concern mysterious and troubling events, such as disappearances and strange objects or entities. Urban legends may confirm moral standards, reflect prejudices, or be a way to make sense of societal anxieties.

In the past, urban legends were most often circulated orally, at gatherings and around the campfire for instance. Now, they can be spread by any media, including newspapers, mobile news apps, e-mail, and most often, social media.  Some urban legends have passed through the years/decades with only minor changes, in where the time period takes place. Generic urban legends are often altered to suit regional variations, but the lesson or moral generally remains the same.
Galindian language
The term Galindian is sometimes ascribed to two separate Baltic languages, both of which were peripheral dialects:

a West Baltic language referred to as West Galindian;

a Baltic language previously spoken in Mozhaysk region (present day Russia), referred to as East Galindian or Golyad

Mozhaysk
Mozhaysk (Russian: Можа́йск, IPA: [mɐˈʐajsk]) is a town and the administrative center of Mozhaysky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located 110 kilometers (68 mi) to the west of Moscow, on the historic road leading to Smolensk and then to Poland. Population:  31,363 (2010 Census); 31,459 (2002 Census); 30,735 (1989 Soviet census).
Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest 1989
Sweden was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 1989 with the song "En dag", written by Tim Norell, Ola Håkansson, and Alexander Bard, and performed by Tommy Nilsson. The Swedish participating broadcaster, Sveriges Television (SVT), selected its entry through Melodifestivalen 1989.

Alexander Bard
Alexander Bengt Magnus Bard (born 17 March 1961) is a Swedish musician, author, lecturer, artist, songwriter, music producer, TV personality, religious and political activist, and one of the founders of the Syntheist religious movement alongside his co-author Jan Söderqvist. Bard is a member of music band Army of Lovers.
Music for Courage and Confidence
Music for Courage and Confidence is a solo album by the American Music Club singer/songwriter Mark Eitzel.  One of two cover song albums from him in 2002 (along with The Ugly American), it was released by New West Records and is a collection of songs by different songwriters.

American Music Club
American Music Club was an American, San Francisco-based indie rock band, led by singer-songwriter Mark Eitzel. Formed in 1982, the band released seven albums before splitting up in 1995. They reformed in 2003 and released two further albums.
USS LST-888
USS LST-888 was an LST-542-class tank landing ship built for the United States Navy during World War II. Late in her career she was renamed Lee County (LST-888) – after counties in twelve Southern and Midwestern states, the only U.S. Naval vessel to bear that name – but saw no active service under that name.

Originally laid down as LST-888 by the Dravo Corporation of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania on 11 August 1944; launched on 14 October 1944, sponsored by Mrs. Richard Connell; and commissioned at New Orleans, Louisiana on 13 November 1944.

Lee County
Lee County is the name of twelve counties in the United States:

Lee County, Alabama

Lee County, Arkansas

Lee County, Florida

Lee County, Georgia

Lee County, Illinois

Lee County, Iowa

Lee County, Kentucky

Lee County, Mississippi

Lee County, North Carolina

Lee County, South Carolina

Lee County, Texas

Lee County, Virginia
Wakashan languages
Wakashan is a family of languages spoken in British Columbia around and on Vancouver Island, and in the northwestern corner of the Olympic Peninsula of Washington state, on the south side of the Strait of Juan de Fuca.

As is typical of the Northwest Coast, Wakashan languages have large consonant inventories—the consonants often occurring in complex clusters.

Pacheedaht First Nation
The Pacheedaht First Nation (lit. 'People of the Seafoam', formerly Pacheena) is a band government of the Nuu-chah-nulth First Nation, based near Port Renfrew on the west coast of Vancouver Island in British Columbia, Canada. They are one of 14 Nuu-chah-nulth band governments, though they are not a member of the Nuu-chah-nulth Tribal Council.

The government has 4 reserve lands for a total of approximately 180 hectares: Pacheena #1, Gordon River #2, Cullite #3, Queesidaquah #4. As of March 2025, they have 301 registered band members, though only 97 live on reserve.

As of 2024, Pacheedaht, alongside the Ditidaht First Nation, is in stage 5 of the BC Treaty Process. They signed an agreement-in-principle in 2019, stating that the First Nation will have 1,897 hectares (18.97 km2) of land, including former reserve land.
Heart Lake (Soldier Mountains)
Heart Lake is an alpine lake in Camas County, Idaho, United States, located in the Soldier Mountains in the Sawtooth National Forest.  While no trails lead to the lake, the lake is north of Iron Mountain, which has an old Forest Service lookout on the top.

Camas County, Idaho
Camas County is a county in the southern portion of the U.S. state of Idaho. The county seat and largest city is Fairfield. The county was established 109 years ago in 1917 by the Idaho Legislature with a partition of Blaine County on February 6. It is named for the camas root, or Camassia, a lily-like plant with an edible bulb found in the region, that Native Americans and settlers used as a food source. As of the 2020 census, the population was 1,077, making it the second-least populous county in the state, after Clark County.

Camas County is part of the Hailey, ID Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Centrifugal force
In Newtonian mechanics, a centrifugal force is a kind of fictitious force (or inertial force) that appears to act on all objects when viewed in a rotating frame of reference. It appears to be directed perpendicularly from the axis of rotation of the frame. The magnitude of the centrifugal force F on an object of mass m at the perpendicular distance ρ from the axis of a rotating frame of reference with angular velocity ω is .

The concept of centrifugal force simplifies the analysis of rotating devices by adopting a co-rotating frame of reference, such as in centrifuges, centrifugal pumps, centrifugal governors, and centrifugal clutches, and in centrifugal railways, planetary orbits and banked curves. 
The same centrifugal effect observed on rotating devices can be analyzed in an inertial reference frame as a consequence of inertia and the physical forces without invoking a centrifugal force.

Inertia
Inertia is the natural tendency of objects in motion to stay in motion and objects at rest to stay at rest, unless a force causes its velocity to change. It is one of the fundamental principles in classical physics, and described by Isaac Newton in his first law of motion (also known as The Principle of Inertia). It is one of the primary manifestations of mass, one of the core quantitative properties of physical systems. Newton writes:

LAW I. Every object perseveres in its state of rest, or of uniform motion in a right line, except insofar as it is compelled to change that state by forces impressed thereon.

In his 1687 work Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica, Newton defined inertia as a property:

DEFINITION III. The vis insita, or innate force of matter, is a power of resisting by which every body, as much as in it lies, endeavours to persevere in its present state, whether it be of rest or of moving uniformly forward in a right line.
Mąkoszyn, Łódź Voivodeship
Mąkoszyn [mɔŋˈkɔʂɨn] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Tuszyn, within Łódź East County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 11 km (7 mi) south of Tuszyn and 31 km (19 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

Łódź East County
Łódź East County (Polish: powiat łódzki wschodni) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Łódź, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The county consists of areas to the east and south of the city, and contains three towns: Koluszki, which lies 24 km (15 mi) east of Łódź, Tuszyn, 20 km (12 mi) south of Łódź, and Rzgów, 14 km (9 mi) south of Łódź.

The county covers an area of 499.32 square kilometres (192.8 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 64,574, out of which the population of Koluszki is 13,407, that of Tuszyn is 7,178, that of Rzgów is 3,338, and the rural population is 40,651.

Until 2002 the county also included the areas which now form Brzeziny County.
Así en el barrio como en el cielo
Así en el barrio como en el cielo (English: So in the neighborhood as in heaven) is a Mexican telenovela produced by Fides Velasco for TV Azteca.  It is an original story of Guillermo Ríos, Leticia López Margalli and Eugenio Derbez.

Marcela Guirado, Luciano Zacharsky and José Alonso star as the protagonists, with the antagonistic participation of Patricia Bernal.

The storyline includes the legendary Avándaro rock festival ("The Mexican Woodstock") of 1971 as its background.

Eugenio Derbez
Eugenio González Derbez (Spanish: [ewˈxenjo ðeɾˈβes]; born September 2, 1961) is a Mexican actor and comedian. He has appeared in many films and television series, including The Book of Life, The Angry Birds Movie 2, and CODA.

In the 2010s, he appeared in many American films and television series, such as Jack and Jill, Girl in Progress, Rob!, and Miracles from Heaven. Derbez provided the Spanish dubs for many characters in the Spanish versions of American films, including Dr. Dolittle, Mulan, 102 Dalmatians, and the Shrek franchise.
Michael D. Curran
Michael D. Curran (born September 23, 1945) is a retired politician and former Democratic member of the Illinois House of Representatives from 1983 to 1995. He was born in Fort Pierce, Florida  and grew up in Quincy, Illinois. He earned a bachelor's degree from the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign. He retired from the Illinois House of Representatives and ran for Mayor of Springfield, losing to Karen Hasara. He and Vicki Mosley were the last two Democrats to represent Springfield in the Illinois General Assembly until the election of Andy Manar and Sue Scherer to the Illinois Senate and Illinois House, respectively. A year later, he ran for Congress in Illinois's 18th congressional district losing to incumbent Ray LaHood. In 2003, Curran was sentenced to one year in federal prison for abusing his position with the Illinois Secretary of State.

Illinois's 18th congressional district
The 18th congressional district of Illinois covered central and western Illinois, including all of Jacksonville and Quincy and parts of Bloomington, Peoria, and Springfield. It covered much of the territory represented by Abraham Lincoln during his single term in the House.

It was last represented by Republican Darin LaHood, who took office in September 2015 following a special election.

Republican Aaron Schock previously represented the district from January 2009 until his resignation in March 2015. Darin LaHood is the son of Schock's predecessor, Ray LaHood, and was reelected in 2016, 2018, and 2020.

From 1949 to 2015, the district was always represented by an attendee or graduate of Bradley University. Due to reapportionment after the 2020 U.S. census, the 18th district was eliminated ahead of the 2022 elections.
Feudin' Rhythm
Feudin' Rhythm is a 1949 American Western film directed by Edward Bernds and written by Barry Shipman. The film stars Eddy Arnold, Gloria Henry, Kirby Grant, Isabel Randolph, Tommy Ivo, Fuzzy Knight and Carolina Cotton. The film was released on November 3, 1949, by Columbia Pictures.

Barry Shipman
Barry Shipman (February 24, 1912 – August 12, 1994) was a Canadian-American screenwriter. He was the son of the Canadian film pioneers Ernest Shipman and Nell Shipman. He worked on more than a hundred films and television series, mainly of the western and mystery film genres. He was married to the actress Gwynne Shipman, with whom he had a daughter Nina Shipman who also became an actress.

Shipman died in San Bernardino of prostate cancer at the age of 82.
2023–24 Gonzaga Bulldogs men's basketball team
The 2023–24 Gonzaga Bulldogs men's basketball team represented Gonzaga University, located in Spokane, Washington, in the 2023–24 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The team, also unofficially nicknamed the "Zags", was led by head coach Mark Few, in his 25th season as head coach, and played home games at the on-campus McCarthey Athletic Center as members of the West Coast Conference (WCC). They finished the season 27–8, 14–2 in WCC play to finish in second place, failing to win at least a share of the regular season title for the first time since 2012. As the No. 2 seed in the WCC Tournament, they defeated San Francisco in the semifinals, before losing to Saint Mary's in the championship. They received an at-large bid to the NCAA Tournament where as the No. 5 seed in the Midwest region, they defeated McNeese in the First Round and Kansas in the Second Round to reach their ninth consecutive Sweet Sixteen, where they lost to Purdue.

2023–24 West Coast Conference men's basketball season
The 2023–24 West Coast Conference men's basketball season began with practices in September 2023 and will end with the 2024 West Coast Conference men's basketball tournament in March 2024. This will be the 73rd season for WCC men's basketball, and the 35th under its current name of "West Coast Conference". The conference was founded in 1952 as the California Basketball Association, became the West Coast Athletic Conference in 1956, and dropped the word "Athletic" in 1989.
Rosemary A.D (After Dad)
Rosemary A.D. (After Dad) is a 2022 animated short film directed by Ethan Barrett. The film was entirely drawn by hand, with coloured crayons. Since its premiere at the 2022 BFI London Film Festival, Rosemary A.D. (After Dad) has been selected in numerous international film festivals, including Indy Shorts Film Festival, Animafest Zagreb and the Austin Film Festival. Most recently, the film won its fourth Oscar-qualifying award at Indy Shorts International Film Festival, making it the short film with the most Oscar-qualifying wins in any category this year.

Austin Film Festival
Austin Film Festival (AFF), founded in 1994, is an organization in Austin, Texas, that focuses on writers' creative contributions to film. Initially, AFF was called the Austin Heart of Film Screenwriters Conference and functioned to launch the careers of screenwriters, who historically have been underrepresented within the film industry.

AFF is known for its annual October Austin Film Festival & Conference, which is an Oscar-qualifying film festival. The Conference was the first event of its kind, bringing professional and amateur screenwriters together to celebrate the role of screenplays in filmmaking and host conversations focusing on craft and on particular films and television series. In addition, the Screenplay Competition receives more entries than any other competition in the world.  Several competition finalists and semi-finalists have made sales or found managers and agents at the conference.
Arunabh Kumar
Arunabh Kumar (born 26 November 1982) is an Indian entrepreneur, producer, director, screenwriter, and an actor. He is the founder of streaming platform, The Viral Fever (TVF). His shows are often characterized by parody, lightheartedness, youth oriented, and competitive exams in India.

Civil service entrance examination
Civil service examinations are examinations implemented in various countries for recruitment and admission to the civil service. They are intended as a method to achieve an effective, rational public administration on a merit system for recruiting prospective politicians and public sector employees.

The most ancient example of such exams were the imperial examinations of ancient China.
Joshua Dildine
Joshua Dildine (born 1984) is an American artist who was born in Mission Viejo, California.  He received a BA from Pepperdine University in 2007 and an MFA in Studio Art from Claremont Graduate University in 2010.

Dildine is best known for his works that combine post-modern painterly abstraction with family photographs. By Firth Froth, in the collection of the Honolulu Museum of Art, is an example of the artist's approach to mixed media.  The Frederick Weisman Museum of Fine Art (Malibu, California), the Honolulu Museum of Art, the Lancaster Museum of Art and History (MOAH) (Lancaster, CA) and the Sweeney Art Gallery (University of California, Riverside) are among the public collections holding works by Joshua Dildine.

Claremont Graduate University
The Claremont Graduate University (CGU) is a private postgraduate research university in Claremont, California, United States. Founded in 1925, CGU is a member of the Claremont Colleges consortium which includes five undergraduate and two graduate institutions of higher education.

The university is organized into seven separate units: the School of Arts & Humanities; School of Community & Global Health; Drucker School of Management; School of Educational Studies; the School of Social Science, Policy, & Evaluation; the Center for Information Systems & Technology; and the Institute of Mathematical Sciences. It is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity."
State Protection Service (Armenia)
State Protection Service of the Republic of Armenia (Armenian: Հայաստանի Հանրապետության պետական պահպանության ծառայություն, Hayastani Hanrapetutyan Petakan Pahpanutyan Tsarayutyun) is a government agency responsible for protecting high-ranking officials and key government facilities in Armenia. Since 2023, the Service operates as a body directly subordinate to the Prime Minister of Armenia, having previously been under the National Security Service (NSS).

Foreign Intelligence Service (Armenia)
The Foreign Intelligence Service (FIS) is Armenia's principal foreign intelligence agency. A mostly civilian agency, the FIS falls under the direct supervision of the Office of the Prime Minister of Armenia. It is headquartered in Yerevan.

Established in October 2023, the FIS was created to replace the incumbent National Security Service (NSS), a mostly uniformed military intelligence organization which lost the trust of the country's leadership after the agency's loyalty came into question amidst frayed relations between Armenia and Russia. While the NSS is a direct successor to the KGB of Soviet Armenia, the FIS is intended to break with past institutional influences and has been established with input and assistance from western intelligence services, including the American CIA and British MI6.
Standing (surname)
Standing is an English surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Colin Standing, Welsh rugby league player

David Standing (born 1963), English cricketer

George Standing (born 1941), Canadian ice hockey player

Guy Standing (actor) (1873–1937), English actor

Guy Standing (economist) (born 1948), British economist

Herbert Standing (1846–1923), English actor

Herbert F. Standing (1857–1943), English paleontologist and missionary

Jack Standing (1886–1917), English actor

Joan Standing (1903–1979), English actress

John Standing (born 1934), English actor

Joseph Standing (1854–1879), American Mormon missionary

Michael Standing (actor) (born 1939), English actor

Michael Standing (footballer) (born 1981), English footballer

Percy Standing (1882–1950), English actor

Richard Standing, English actor

William Standing (1904–1951), American painter and illustrator

Wyndham Standing (1880–1963), English actor

George Standing
George Michael Standing (born August 3, 1941) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player who played two games in the National Hockey League with the Minnesota North Stars during the 1967–68 season. The rest of his career, which lasted from 1962 to 1972, was spent in various minor leagues.