hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alexander of Aegae
Alexander of Aegae (Greek: Ἀλέξανδρος Αἰγαῖος) was a Peripatetic philosopher who flourished in Rome in the 1st century AD, and was a disciple of the celebrated mathematician Sosigenes of Alexandria. 
He was tutor to the emperor Nero. He wrote commentaries on the Categories and the De Caelo of Aristotle. He had a son named Caelinus or Caecilius.
Attempts in the 19th century to ascribe some of the works of Alexander of Aphrodisias to Alexander of Aegae have been shown to be mistaken.

On the Heavens
On the Heavens (Greek: Περὶ οὐρανοῦ; Latin: De Caelo or De Caelo et Mundo) is Aristotle's chief cosmological treatise: written in 350 BCE, it contains his astronomical theory and his ideas on the concrete workings of the terrestrial world. It should not be confused with the spurious work On the Universe (De Mundo, also known as On the Cosmos).

This work is significant as one of the defining pillars of the Aristotelian worldview, a school of philosophy that dominated intellectual thinking for almost two millennia. Similarly, this work and others by Aristotle were important seminal works from which much of scholasticism was derived.
John Spratt
John McKee Spratt Jr. (November 1, 1942 – December 14, 2024) was an American politician and attorney who served as the U.S. representative for South Carolina's 5th congressional district from 1983 to 2011. A member of the Democratic Party, his district covered all or part of 14 counties in north-central South Carolina. The largest cities are Rock Hill and Sumter.

Spratt was the dean of the South Carolina congressional delegation, chairman of the U.S. House Committee on the Budget, and the second ranking Democrat on the U.S. House Committee on Armed Services, where he served on three subcommittees: Oversight and Investigations, Strategic Forces, and Air and Land Forces. In addition to his committee work, he co-chaired the Textile Caucus, the Bearing Caucus, and the Nuclear Energy Caucus.

In 2010, Spratt lost his seat to Republican challenger Mick Mulvaney.

York, South Carolina
York /ˈjɔːrk/ is a city in and the county seat of York County, South Carolina, United States. The population was approximately 7,736 at the 2010 census, and up to 8,053 as of the 2020 census. York is located approximately 27 miles (43 km) southwest of Charlotte, North Carolina and 13 miles (21 km) west of Rock Hill, South Carolina.
GAS Petrol Service Stations
GAS Petrol Service Stations (stylised g.a.s.), owned by Gasoline Alley Services, is a New Zealand petrol station franchise, which sells petrol and diesel. It has 127 locations around New Zealand, including 33 in Auckland.

The franchise was established in 1999 and had 14 locations by 2000. It had 35 outlets by 2003. The brand expanded to 75 locations by 2006, and 120 locations by 2011.

The head office of the franchise is located in Kingsland, Auckland.

Kingsland, New Zealand
Kingsland is an inner-city suburb of Auckland, the largest and most populous urban area in New Zealand. Kingsland is under the local governance of the Auckland Council. It is the home of Eden Park, New Zealand's largest stadium, which hosted the finals for the 2011 Rugby World Cup. Kingsland has a village centre that contains a series of shops, restaurants, pubs and monthly markets.

Kingsland was established in the 1880s with the sale of allotments; the buildings predominantly date from the Edwardian and the interwar periods.New North Road is the main thoroughfare in Kingsland, running northeast–southwest from the Auckland Central Business District (CBD), with the suburb running along the ridge line. Kingsland's main street is located on New North Road next to the Kingsland railway station and directly across from Eden Park.
Akashiwo
Akashiwo sanguinea is a species of marine dinoflagellates well known for forming blooms that result in red tides. It is the only species in the genus Akashiwo. The organism is unarmored (naked). Therefore, it lacks a thick cellulose wall, the theca, common in other genera of dinoflagellates. Reproduction of the phytoplankton species is primarily asexual.

Recently recognized as mixotrophic, A. sanguinea is capable of preying on various organisms. For example, A. sanguinea is found to be capable of ingesting the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. at values comparable to other heterotrophic phytoplankton. This suggests implications it may have on the grazing impact of Synechococcus.

Synechococcus
Synechococcus (from the Greek synechos, in succession, and the Greek kokkos, granule) is a unicellular cyanobacterium that is very widespread in the marine environment. Its size varies from 0.8 to 1.5 μm. The photosynthetic coccoid cells are preferentially found in well–lit surface waters where it can be very abundant (generally 1,000 to 200,000 cells per ml). Many freshwater species of Synechococcus have also been described.

The genome of S. elongatus strain PCC7002 has a size of 3.4 Mbp, whereas the oceanic strain WH8102 has a genome of size 2.4 Mbp.
Ellen Christi
Ellen Christi (born March 7, 1958, Chicago) is an American jazz singer.

Christi studied music formally in New York City with Jaki Byard, Jeanne Lee, and Metropolitan Opera coloratura singer Galli Campi. She was a founding member of the New York City Artists' Collective in 1975. Working primarily in New York in the 1980s, she played with Jemeel Moondoc, Rahn Burton, Tom Bruno, William Parker, and Lisa Sokolov. In the late 1980s and 1990s she began working increasingly in Europe, with Hans Koch, Carlo Actis Dato, Enrico Fazio, Guido Mazzon, and Claudio Lodati.

Jemeel Moondoc
Jemeel Moondoc (August 5, 1946 – August 29, 2021) was a jazz saxophonist who played alto saxophone. He was a proponent of a highly improvisational style.

He was born in Chicago, Illinois, United States, and studied clarinet and piano before settling on saxophone at sixteen. He became interested in jazz largely due to Cecil Taylor and at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, he was a student of Taylor's. After that he moved to New York City, where he founded "Ensemble Muntu" with William Parker, Roy Campbell, Jr., and Rashid Bakr. The group also had its own Muntu record label, but eventually faced financial difficulties. In 1984, he formed the Jus Grew Orchestra, which secured a residency at the Neither/Nor club on the Lower East Side. He worked with Parker again in 1998's album, New World Pygmies.

He died in August 2021, at the age of 75 from the effects of sickle cell anemia.
October 31 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
October 30 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - November 1

All fixed commemorations below are observed on November 13 by Eastern Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For October 31st, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on October 18.

Urban of Macedonia
Urban of Macedonia (Greek: Ουρβανός) is numbered among the Seventy Apostles. Along with the Apostles Ampliatus, Stachys, Narcissus of Athens, Apelles of Heraklion and Aristobulus of Britannia (all of these names are mentioned together by St. Paul in Romans 16:8–11, which cannot be casual) he assisted Saint Andrew. St. Andrew ordained Urban bishop in Macedonia. He died a martyr, and his feast day is October 31.

Urban is venerated as saint by Eastern Orthodox Church (January 4, October 31), Roman Catholic Church (July 13) and other Christian Churches.
The King's Cup
The King's Cup is a 1933 British drama film directed by Alan Cobham, Donald Macardle, Herbert Wilcox and Robert Cullen and starring Chili Bouchier, Harry Milton and William Kendall. The film is named after the King's Cup air race, established by King George V in 1922 as an endurance race across Britain, to encourage development in engine design and the sport of aviation. Stars Chili Bouchier and Harry Milton were married at the time the film was made.

King's Cup (air race)
The King's Cup air race is a British handicapped cross-country event, which has taken place annually since 1922. It is run by the Royal Aero Club Records Racing and Rally Association.

The King's Cup is one of the most prestigious prizes of the British air racing season. The entrants are divided into classes, and each is evaluated and given a time handicap for the start of the race. They all take off at varying times according to their handicap, with the handicappers' aim being that they should all cross the finishing line at the same moment. The art of winning the race outright is therefore to beat the handicappers, rather than to make the fastest flight as such. The aircraft are also divided into classes, with a winner for each class as well as the outright winner.
George Oliver (physician)
George Oliver (13 April 1841 – 27 December 1915) was an English physician.

He was born in Middleton-in-Teesdale, County Durham, the second son of W. Oliver, a surgeon. He attended the boarding school in Gainford, Yorkshire and was then medically educated at University College, London and University College Hospital, where he qualified MB in 1865 and MD in 1873.

University College Hospital
University College Hospital (UCH) is a teaching hospital in the Bloomsbury area of the London Borough of Camden, England. The hospital, which was founded as the North London Hospital in 1834, is closely associated with University College London (UCL), whose main campus is situated next door. The hospital is part of the University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust.

The hospital is on the south side of Euston Road and its tower faces Euston Square tube station on the east side. Warren Street tube station lies immediately west and the major Euston terminus station is beyond 200 metres east, just beyond Euston Square Gardens.
Wang Quan (handballer)
Wang Quan (born 21 November 1992) is a Chinese international handballer, who plays as goalkeeper for Croatian club RK Zagreb.

As an international for China men's national handball team he has competed at the 2010 and 2014 Asian Games, and at the 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016 and 2018 Asian Championship

RK Zagreb
Rukometni klub Zagreb (English: Zagreb Handball Club pronounced [zǎːɡrɛb]), a men's professional handball club based in Zagreb, Croatia, competes in the
Croatian Premier League and in the EHF Champions League.

RK Zagreb has won 38 national championships and the national cup 32 times. In the European Champions League the club has won twice and played another four times in the finals; it ranks among top eight most-successful handball clubs in the League's history.
That's the Way the Cookie Crumbles
That's the Way the Cookie Crumbles (Živi bili pa vidjeli) is a Yugoslav film released in 1979, directed by Bruno Gamulin and  Milivoj Puhlovski. Critical of the society of its time, it describes a young architecture student Janko Vizek (Mladen Vasary) who marries Martina, daughter of a company manager (Sanja Vejnović) and gets a job due to those connections. Having discovered corruption in the company, coupled with his idealist views, he comes in conflict with his father-in-law Branko (Boris Buzančić) and the rest of the establishment.

The film was noted for its innovative use of soundtrack, created by Slovenian band Buldožer. The band received the Golden Arena for Best Film Music award on the 1979 Pula Film Festival for the soundtrack.

Pula Film Festival
The Pula Film Festival (Croatian: Pulski filmski festival) is an annual Croatian film festival, established in 1954. It is held in a Roman amphitheater known as the Pula Arena. The Pula Film Festival is the largest and oldest Croatian film festival and is usually held in the summer, in July or August.

Apart from film screenings open to the public, the annual Croatian film industry awards are also traditionally presented at the festival. The awards presented at the festival (called Golden Arenas) are the main national film awards in the country.

The festival was originally started in 1954 and within a few years it became the centerpiece event of the Yugoslav film industry, with the first national awards being presented in 1957. This lasted until 1991, when the festival was cancelled due to the breakup of Yugoslavia, only to resume in 1992 as the Croatian film awards festival. It has been held every year since (with the exception of the 1994 edition, which was also cancelled).
Outline of the Chernobyl disaster
The following outline provides an overview of and topical guide to the Chernobyl disaster, a nuclear accident that occurred on 26 April 1986, when the no. 4 reactor of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant, located near Pripyat, Ukrainian SSR, Soviet Union (now Ukraine), exploded during a test. The explosion and reactor core fire spread radioactive contaminants across the Soviet Union and Europe. An exclusion zone was formed around the plant, evacuating over 100,000 people primarily from the cities of Pripyat and Chernobyl. With dozens of direct casualties, it is one of only two nuclear energy accidents rated at the maximum severity on the International Nuclear Event Scale. The response involved more than 500,000 personnel and cost an estimated 18 billion rubles (about $84.5 billion USD in 2025). It remains the worst nuclear disaster and the most expensive disaster in history, with an estimated cost of
US$700 billion.

Soviet ruble
The ruble or rouble (/ˈruːbəl/; Russian: рубль, romanized: rubl', IPA: [rublʲ]) was the currency of the Soviet Union. It was introduced in 1922 and replaced the Imperial Russian ruble. One ruble was divided into 100 kopecks (копейка, pl. копейки – kopeyka, kopeyki). Soviet banknotes and coins were produced by the Federal State Unitary Enterprise (or Goznak) in Moscow and Leningrad.

In addition to regular cash rubles, other types of rubles were also issued, such as several forms of convertible ruble, transferable ruble, clearing ruble, Vneshtorgbank cheque, etc.; also, several forms of virtual rubles (called "cashless ruble", безналичный рубль) were used for inter-enterprise accounting and international settlement in the Comecon zone.

In 1991, after the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the Soviet ruble was replaced by the first Russian ruble by 1993, and continued to be used in eleven post-Soviet states, forming a "ruble zone" until 1993.
John Buchanan (Canadian politician)
John MacLennan Buchanan PC ECNS QC (April 22, 1931 – October 3, 2019) was a Canadian lawyer and politician who served as the 20th premier of Nova Scotia from 1978 to 1990 and as a member of the Senate of Canada from 1990 to 2006.

King's Privy Council for Canada
The King's Privy Council for Canada (French: Conseil privé du Roi pour le Canada), sometimes called His Majesty's Privy Council for Canada or simply the Privy Council (PC), is the full group of personal advisors to the monarch of Canada on state and constitutional affairs. Practically, the tenets of responsible government require the sovereign or his viceroy, the governor general, almost always to follow only that advice tendered by the Cabinet: a committee within the Privy Council composed usually of elected members of Parliament. Those summoned to the Privy Council are appointed for life by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister. The group is composed predominantly of former Cabinet ministers, with some others having been inducted as an honorary gesture. Privy counsellors are accorded the use of an honorific style and post-nominal letters, as well as various signifiers of precedence.
Toyota KR engine
The Toyota KR engine family is a straight-3 piston engine, designed by Daihatsu, a subsidiary of Toyota. The 1KR series uses aluminium engine blocks and chain driven DOHC cylinder heads. It uses multi-point fuel injection, and has 4 valves per cylinder. Some versions have VVT-i variable valve timing. The engine typically weighs 69 kg (150 lb) with all ancillaries but no fluids.

Multi-valve
A multi-valve or multivalve four-stroke internal combustion engine is one where each cylinder has more than two valves – more than the minimum required of one of each, for the purposes of air and fuel intake, and venting exhaust gases. Multi-valve engines were conceived to improve one or both of these, often called "better breathing", and with the added benefit of more valves that are smaller, thus having less mass in motion (per individual valve and spring), may also be able to operate at higher revolutions per minute (rpm) than a two-valve engine, delivering even more intake an/or exhaust per unit of time, thus potentially more power.
Savannah Civic Center
The Savannah Civic Center is a multi-purpose facility located in Savannah, Georgia, in Savannah Historic District. Built in 1974, the facility consists of an arena, theater, ballroom, and exhibit halls.  Throughout the years, the center has hosted various concerts, conventions, exhibits, high school and college graduations, trade shows, theatre, ballet, and comedy shows.

Each year, the civic center hosts nearly 900 events, including the Savannah Tire Hockey Classic, which awards the "Thrasher Cup" and numerous meetings are held in the building's meeting wings. It was the home to the Savannah Bees basketball team, the Continental Basketball Association's Savannah Spirits basketball team, and the Savannah Rug Ratz soccer team of the EISL. In 1986 and 1987, the arena hosted the Big South Conference's men's basketball tournament.

Big South Conference
The Big South Conference is a collegiate athletic conference affiliated with the NCAA's Division I. Originally a non-football conference, the Big South began sponsoring football in 2002 as part of the Football Championship Subdivision (FCS), and began operating the OVC–Big South Football Association in partnership with the Ohio Valley Conference in 2023. The Big South, founded in 1983, is firmly rooted in the South Atlantic region of the United States, with full member institutions located in North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia. Associate members are located in Georgia and South Carolina.
Covert Way
Covert Way is the only Local Nature Reserve in the London Borough of Enfield. It is also part of the Hadley Wood Golf Course and Covert Way Field Site of Borough Importance for Nature Conservation, Grade I, and it has an area of 7 hectares (17 acres). It is on the southern border of Enfield between the road named Covert Way and Monken Hadley Common in Barnet.

Part of the site is semi-deciduous woodland which has woodpeckers and muntjac deer, and butterflies including white-letter and purple hairstreaks. In grassland areas there are the rare adder's-tongue fern and the locally scarce four-spot orb weaver spider.

Monken Hadley Common
Monken Hadley Common lies within the Monken Hadley Conservation Area, and is listed as a “Site of Borough Importance for Nature Conservation, Grade I,” by the London Borough of Barnet. It is registered common land, and it is owned by the Trustees of Monken Hadley Common.
Jefimija
Jefimija (Serbian Cyrillic: Јефимија, Serbian pronunciation: [jěfiːmija]; 1349–1405), secular name Jelena Mrnjavčević (Serbian Cyrillic: Јелена Мрњавчевић, pronounced [jělena mr̩̂ɲaːʋtʃeʋitɕ] or [mr̩ɲǎːʋ-]), was a Serbian noblewoman, wife of Jovan Uglješa Mrnjavčević, considered to be the first female Serbian poet.

Medieval Serbian nobility
In the medieval Serbian states, the privileged class consisted of nobility and clergy, distinguished from commoners, part of the feudal society. The Serbian nobility (srpska vlastela, srpsko vlastelinstvo or srpsko plemstvo) were roughly grouped into magnates (velikaši or velmože), the upper stratum, and the lesser nobility (vlasteličići). Serbia followed the government model established by the Byzantine Empire.

The nobility possessed hereditary allodial estates, which were worked by dependent sebri, the equivalent of Byzantine paroikoi; peasants owing labour services, formally bound by decree. The nobility was obliged to serve the monarch in war.
Donna Rose Addis
Donna Rose Addis is the world's first neuroscientist of Samoan descent and New Zealand psychology academic. She earned the title of full Professor at the University of Auckland before moving to Toronto in 2018 as the Canada 150 Research Chair in Cognitive Neuroscience of Memory and Aging at the University of Toronto and a Senior Scientist at the Rotman Research Institute in Baycrest Hospital. She retains an appointment at Auckland on the Scientific Advisory Board of the Centre for Brain Research in the School of Psychology.

Samoans
Samoans or Samoan people (Samoan: tagata Sāmoa) are the Indigenous Polynesian people of the Samoan Islands, an archipelago in Polynesia, who speak the Samoan language. The group's home islands are politically and geographically divided between the Independent State of Samoa and American Samoa, an unincorporated territory of the United States of America. Though divided by national border, the culture and language are the same.

The Samoan people and culture form a vital link and stepping stone in the formation and spread of Polynesian culture, language and religion throughout Eastern Polynesia.

Polynesian trade, religion, war, and colonialism are important markers within Polynesian culture that are almost certainly rooted in the Samoan culture. Samoa's ancient history with the kingdom of Tonga, chiefdoms of Fiji and French Polynesia form the basis of modern Polynesian culture.
Guachinche
A guachinche is a typical Canary Island establishment, more widely spread on the island of Tenerife and to a lesser extent in Gran Canaria, where a locally produced wine is served accompanied by homemade traditional food.

Gran Canaria
Gran Canaria (UK: /ˌɡræn kəˈnɛəriə, -ˈnɑːr-/, US: /ˌɡrɑːn kəˈnɑːriə, -ˈnɛər-/; Spanish: [ɡɾaŋ kaˈnaɾja] ⓘ), also Grand Canary Island, is the third-largest and second-most-populous island of the Canary Islands, a Spanish archipelago off the Atlantic coast of Northwest Africa. As of 2023 the island had a population of 862,893 that constitutes approximately 40% of the population of the archipelago. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, the capital of the island, is the largest city of the Canary Islands and the ninth-largest city of Spain.

Gran Canaria is located in the Atlantic Ocean in a region known as Macaronesia about 150 kilometres (93 mi) off the northwestern coast of Africa and about 1,350 km (840 mi) from Europe. With an area of 1,560 km2 (600 sq mi) and an altitude of 1,956 m (6,417 ft) at Morro de la Agujereada, Gran Canaria is the third largest island of the archipelago in both area and altitude. Gran Canaria is also the third most populated island in Spain.
James C. Risser
James Conrad Risser (born 1946) is an American philosopher and Professor Emeritus of Philosophy at Seattle University where he was Pigott-McCone Endowed Chair of Humanities between 1991 and 1994. He is a former president of the North American Society of Philosophical Hermeneutics (2012–2015).
Risser is known for his works on Heideggerian philosophy and hermeneutics.

Seattle University
Seattle University (Seattle U or SU) is a private Jesuit university in Seattle, Washington, United States. It is the largest independent university in the Northwestern United States, with over 7,500 students enrolled in undergraduate and graduate programs within seven schools.
Soriška Planina Ski Resort
Soriška Planina Ski Resort is a family Slovenian ski resort located in municipality of Železniki. Closest city is Kranj and 60 km away from Ljubljana.

Resort offers has 6 km of ski slopes (slalom, giantslalom and downhill slope,...) and 5 km of cross-country skiing tracks. There is also a natural sledding slope and one sledding slope for competitions. You can be hiking in summer.

Ski resort
A ski resort is a resort developed for skiing, snowboarding, and other winter sports. In Europe, most ski resorts are towns or villages in or adjacent to a ski area–a mountainous area with pistes (ski trails) and a ski lift system. In North America, it is more common for ski areas to exist well away from towns, so ski resorts usually are destination resorts, often purpose-built and self-contained, where skiing is the main activity.