hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Whiteleaf Hill
Whiteleaf Hill is an 11 hectares (27 acres) Local Nature Reserve near Princes Risborough in Buckinghamshire. It is owned by Buckinghamshire County Council and managed by the Chiltern Society. it is in the Chilterns Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, and it has five scheduled ancient monuments, including some dating to the Neolithic and Bronze Ages, and the Whiteleaf Cross, a chalk carving thought to date to the eighteenth century.

The southern half of the site is semi-natural beech woodland which dates back to at least 1600. Most of the mature trees were lost during storms in the late twentieth century, but they have been replaced by scrub which is regenerating into forest. Birds include whitethroats, and there are butterflies such as the speckled wood and the peacock.

The Ridgeway National Trail goes through the site, and there is access from Peters Lane, which separates it from Brush Hill Local Nature Reserve.

Chiltern Hills
The Chiltern Hills or the Chilterns are a chalk escarpment in southern England to the northwest of London, covering 660 square miles (1700 sq km) across Oxfordshire, Buckinghamshire, Hertfordshire and Bedfordshire and stretching 45 miles (72 km) from Goring-on-Thames in the southwest to Hitchin in the northeast. The hills are 12 miles (19 km) at their widest.

In 1964, 833 square kilometres - almost half of the Chiltern Hills - were designated by the Countryside Commission
as an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) under the powers established by the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949.

The northwest boundary of the Chilterns is clearly defined by the escarpment. The dip slope is by definition more gradual and merges with the landscape to the southeast. The southwest endpoint is the River Thames. The hills decline slowly in prominence in northeast Bedfordshire.
Mir Alam
Mir Alam was a nobleman who served as Prime Minister of Hyderabad State from 1804 until his death in 1808. He belonged to the Salar Jung family. He was the grandfather of Salar Jung I. He served under Asaf Jah III.

In 1800, as part of his ongoing rivalry with his predecessor Arastu Jah, the latter enticed Mir Alam to discredit James A. Kirkpatrick and demanded his execution.

The Mir Alam tank in Hyderabad is named after him.

Mir Alam headed the Hyderabad army in support of British East India company during the siege of Srirangapatnam against Tipu Sultan. Post his return to Hyderabad after winning the war, he was treated as a hero.

He died of leprosy, in Hyderabad.

Siege of Seringapatam (1799)
The siege of Seringapatam (5 April – 4 May 1799) was the final confrontation of the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War between the British East India Company and the Kingdom of Mysore. The British, with the allied Nizam Ali Khan, 2nd Nizam of Hyderabad and Marathas, achieved a decisive victory after breaching the walls of the fortress at Seringapatam and storming the citadel. The leader of the British troops was Major General David Baird, among the lesser known allies were the Portuguese in Goa and Damaon. Tipu Sultan, the ruler after the death of his father, was killed in the action. The British restored the Wodeyar dynasty back to power after the victory through a treaty of subsidiary alliance and Krishnaraja Wodeyar III was crowned the King of Mysore.  However, they retained indirect control (British paramountcy) of the kingdom's external affairs.
Robert Richenburg
Robert Richenburg (July 14, 1917 – October 10, 2006 in East Hampton, New York) was an abstract expressionist artist based in New York City, whose paintings were widely acclaimed in the 1950s and 1960s. While a student of Hans Hofmann, Richenburg exhibited at the Museum of Non-Objective Painting (later the Guggenheim) in 1950. The following year, he participated in the historic Ninth Street Art Exhibition, and subsequently taught at Pratt Institute along with Franz Kline, Adolph Gottlieb, Jack Tworkov, Philip Guston, Milton Resnick and Tony Smith. By 1961, critic Irving Sandler declared that "Richenburg emerges as one of the most forceful painters on the New York Art Scene." The Whitney Museum, the Museum of Modern Art and the Philadelphia Museum of Art, among others, purchased his work.

Tony Smith (sculptor)
Anthony Peter Smith (September 23, 1912 – December 26, 1980) was an American sculptor, painter, architectural designer, and a noted art theorist. As a leading sculptor in the 1960s and 1970s, Smith is often associated with the minimalist art movement.
WOW (Wendy O. Williams album)
WOW is the debut solo studio album by American singer Wendy O. Williams, released in 1984 by Passport Records. It is her first album appearance after the success with The Plasmatics, which had gone on a hiatus during that time. Williams was nominated for Grammy Award for Best Female Rock Vocal Performance for this album in 1985.

Paul Stanley
Paul Stanley (born Stanley Bert Eisen; January 20, 1952) is an American musician. He was the lead vocalist, rhythm guitarist, and a founding member of the hard rock band Kiss, which was active from 1973 to 2023. He was the writer or co-writer of many of the band's most popular songs. Stanley established the Starchild character for his Kiss persona.

In 2006, Hit Parader ranked Stanley 18th on their list of the Top 100 Metal Vocalists of All Time. A Gibson.com readers' poll in 2010 named him 13th on their list of Top 25 Frontmen. He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2014 as a member of Kiss.
Kugar
Kugar is a discontinued tool for generating business quality reports for KOffice. The reports can be viewed and printed. It includes a standalone report viewer and a KParts report viewer. The latter means that any K Desktop Environment 3 application can embed the report viewing functionality and that reports can be viewed using the Konqueror browser.

Kugar works by merging application generated data with a template to produce the final report. Both the data and the template are specified using XML. This approach means that applications only need worry about generating the data itself. A template can be referenced via a URL which allows businesses to create a centrally managed template library.

URL
A uniform resource locator (URL), colloquially known as web address, is a reference to a resource on the World Wide Web. A URL specifies the location of a resource on a computer network and a mechanism for retrieving it. A URL is a specific type of Uniform Resource Identifier (URI), although many people use the two terms interchangeably. A URL is most commonly used to reference a web page (HTTP/HTTPS) but is also used for file transfer (FTP), email (mailto), database access (JDBC), and many other applications.

Most web browsers display the URL of a web page above the page in an address bar. As an example of a web page URL, https://www.example.com/index.html indicates protocol https, hostname www.example.com, and file name index.html.
Cedar Creek (Skunk River tributary)
Cedar Creek, located in southeast Iowa, USA, is a tributary of the Skunk River. Via the Skunk River it is part of the Mississippi River watershed. Cedar Creek rises in rural Mahaska County approximately one mile west of the unincorporated community of Cedar. It passes through Wapello, Jefferson, Van Buren, and Henry counties, passing by Fairfield before joining the Skunk River near the intersection of U.S. Route 34 and Clayton Avenue, about a half mile south of Rome.

U.S. Route 34
U.S. Route 34 (US 34) is an east–west United States highway that runs for 1,122 miles (1,806 km) from north-central Colorado to the western suburbs of Chicago. Through Rocky Mountain National Park it is known as the Trail Ridge Road where it reaches an elevation of 12,183 feet (3,713 m), making it one of the highest paved through highways in the United States. The highway's western terminus is Granby, Colorado at US 40. Its eastern terminus is in Berwyn, Illinois at Illinois Route 43.

U.S. Route 34 becomes a toll road for a short distance  in Colorado, where it passes through Rocky Mountain National Park.
Careaga
Careaga is a Spanish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Careaga family of California

Antonio Menchaca Careaga (1921–2002), Spanish novelist and poet

Alfredo Careaga (born 1942), Mexican engineer, physicist, mathematician, conservationist, and ecologist

Domingo Careaga (1897–1947), Spanish footballer

Enrique Careaga (1872–1936), Spanish engineer and footballer

Federico Chaves Careaga (1882–1978), Paraguayan politician and soldier who served as President of Paraguay

Javier Careaga (born 1967), Mexican former breaststroke swimmer Olympian

Gabriel Careaga Medina (1941–2004), Spanish sociologist, academic, and essayist

Gloria Careaga Pérez (born 1947), Mexican social psychologist and feminist

Pilar Careaga (1908–1993) was a Spanish politician and industrial engineer. She was the first woman to be mayor

Samuel Careaga (born 2002), Argentine footballer

Domingo Careaga
Domingo Careaga Achalandabaso (3 August 1897 - 29 August 1947) was a Spanish footballer who played as a defender for Arenas de Getxo. Careaga spent all 14 seasons of his playing career with Arenas de Getxo, thus being a historical member of the club and part of the so-called one-club men group. He also played in four matches for the Spain national football team between 1921 and 1923.
It Should've Been You
It Should've Been You is the title of a number-one R&B single by Teddy Pendergrass. In 1991, the song spent one week at number one on the US R&B chart. It was the last of three singles to reach the top spot on the chart for Pendergrass.

Teddy Pendergrass
Theodore DeReese Pendergrass (March 26, 1950 – January 13, 2010) was an American soul and R&B singer and songwriter. He was born in Kingstree, South Carolina. Pendergrass lived most of his life in the Philadelphia area, and initially rose to musical fame as the lead singer of Harold Melvin & the Blue Notes. After leaving the group in 1976, Pendergrass launched a successful solo career under the Philadelphia International label, releasing five consecutive platinum albums (a record for any artist at the time).

In March 1982, a car crash left Pendergrass paralyzed from the chest down. Pendergrass continued his solo career until announcing his retirement in 2007. He died from respiratory failure in January 2010.
No Parlez
No Parlez is the debut solo studio album by English singer Paul Young. Released in 1983, it reached number one on the UK Albums Chart (for a non-consecutive total of 5 weeks) and remained in the UK Top 100 for 119 weeks. The album has been certified quadruple platinum by the BPI for UK sales in excess of 1.2 million copies.

Anthony Moore
Anthony Moore (also known as Anthony More) (born 13 August 1948) is a British experimental music composer, performer and producer. He was a founding member of the band Slapp Happy, worked with Henry Cow and has made a number of solo albums, including Flying Doesn't Help (1979) and World Service (1981).

As a lyricist, Moore has collaborated with Pink Floyd on two of their albums: A Momentary Lapse of Reason (1987) and The Division Bell (1994), and contributed music to the instrumental "Calling" from The Endless River (2014). He contributed lyrics to Richard Wright's Broken China (1996), worked with Kevin Ayers on various projects and also contributed lyrics to Trevor Rabin's Can't Look Away (1989) and Julian Lennon's Help Yourself (1991).

For a fuller list of works and more recent activity since 2010 to date see
halfcatmusic.com
Alfred Westou
Alfred, son of Westou (fl. c. 1020 – after 1056) was a medieval English priest and relic collector, active in Northumberland. He is now best known for allegedly stealing the remains of Bede and bringing them in secret to the shrine of St Cuthbert in Durham, although some modern scholars consider this unlikely. He is also documented as having translated the remains of Boisil of Melrose Abbey, as well as numerous northern English minor saints of the 7th and 8th centuries: the anchorites Balther and Bilfrid; Acca, Alchmund and Eata, bishops of Hexham; Oswin, king of Deira; and the abbesses Ebba and Æthelgitha. He served as the sacristan at Cuthbert's shrine under three bishops, and was renowned for his devotion to the saint.

Symeon of Durham
Symeon (or Simeon) of Durham (fl. c.1090 to c. 1128) was an English chronicler and a monk of Durham Priory. He is known for two historical works which are particularly valuable for northern affairs, about the church of Durham and the history of England.
Roger Kaufman
Roger Kaufman (1932–2020), was an American figure in the history of educational technology and performance improvement, as well as in strategic thinking and planning for public and private-sector organizations. He is regarded as one of the field's founding figures, referred to as the father of needs assessment.

Kaufman developed the mega-planning model, a framework for adding measurable value to society.

Educational technology
Educational technology (commonly abbreviated as edutech or edtech) refers to the use of computer hardware, software, and educational theory and practice to facilitate learning and teaching. When referred to with its abbreviation, "EdTech", it often refers to the industry of companies that create educational technology. Scholars such as Tanner Mirrlees and Shahid Alvi (2019) have described the edtech industry as consisting largely of privately owned companies involved in producing and distributing educational technologies for commercial purposes.

In addition to the practical educational experience, educational technology is based on theoretical knowledge from various disciplines such as communication, education, psychology, sociology, artificial intelligence, and computer science. It encompasses several domains, including learning theory, computer-based training, online learning, and mobile learning (m-learning).
Cefn Llechid
Cefn Llechid is a small area of unenclosed land in the Brecon Beacons National Park east of Sennybridge in the county of Powys, Wales. It lies within Fforest Fawr Geopark. Its plateau-like summit surface peaks at 400m where it is marked by a trig point. A couple of small bodies of water lie in a hollow on the plateau.  The hill is owned and managed by the Brecon Beacons National Park Authority.

Triangulation station
A triangulation station, also known as a trigonometrical point, and sometimes informally as a trig, is a fixed surveying station, used in geodetic surveying and other surveying projects in its vicinity.

The station is usually set up by a mapping organisation with known coordinates and elevation published. Numerous stations are installed on summits for purposes of visibility and prominence. A graven metal plate on the top of a pillar may provide a mounting point for a theodolite or reflector, often using some form of kinematic coupling to ensure reproducible positioning.
Fritz Vogelgsang
Fritz Vogelgsang (1 March 1930 in Stuttgart – 22 October 2009 in Chiva de Morella) was a German translator, essayist and editor.

He translated into German the work of various important Spanish-language writers: Rafael Alberti, Ramón del Valle Inclán, Antonio Machado, Octavio Paz, Pablo Neruda, Juan Ramón Jiménez, Miguel Ángel Asturias, etc.

Rafael Alberti
Rafael Alberti Merello (16 December 1902 – 28 October 1999) was a Spanish poet, a member of the Generation of '27. He is considered one of the greatest literary figures of the so-called Silver Age of Spanish Literature, and he won numerous prizes and awards. He died aged 96.
After the Spanish Civil War, he went into exile because of his Marxist beliefs. On his return to Spain after the death of Franco, Alberti was named Hijo Predilecto de Andalucía in 1983, and Doctor Honoris Causa by the Universidad de Cádiz in 1985.

He published his memoirs under the title La Arboleda perdida ("The Lost Grove") in 1959 and this remains the best source of information on his early life.
Visa requirements for Tunisian citizens
Visa requirements for Tunisian citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Tunisia.

As of 2025, Tunisian citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 70 countries and territories, ranking the Tunisian passport 70th in the world according to the Henley Passport Index.

Henley Passport Index
The Henley Passport Index is an annual global ranking of countries according to the travel freedom allowed by those countries' ordinary passports for their citizens. It was launched in 2005 as Henley & Partners Visa Restrictions Index and was updated to Henley Passport Index in January 2018. The index is updated on a quarterly basis to reflect changes in global visa policies.

The index annually ranks 199 passports of the world by the number of countries that their holders can travel to without requiring a visa. The number of countries that a specific passport can access becomes its visa-free "score". The data is obtained from the International Air Transport Association (IATA)'s Timatic documentation requirements database.
Graeme Dey
Graeme James Dey (born 29 October 1962) is a Scottish politician currently serving as the Minister for Parliamentary Business in the Scottish Government since September 2025 and the Minister for Veterans since 2023. He served as Minister for Transport from 2021 to 2022, having previously served as Minister for Parliamentary Business and Veterans from 2018 to 2021. A member of the Scottish National Party (SNP), he has been Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) for Angus South since 2011.

Member of the Scottish Parliament
Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP; Scottish Gaelic: Ball Pàrlamaid na h-Alba, BPA; Scots: Memmer o the Scots Pairliament, MSP) is the title given to any one of the 129 individuals elected to serve in the Scottish Parliament.
Jenny Baeseman
Jenny Baeseman is an American polar researcher who studies the survival mechanisms of bacteria in cold environments. She is the founding director of the Association of Polar Early Career Scientists (APECS), executive director of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR), and was previously the executive director of the World Climate Research Program (WCRP) Climate and Cryosphere.

Polar regions of Earth
The polar regions, also called the frigid zones or polar zones, of Earth are Earth's polar ice caps, the regions of the planet that surround its geographical poles (the North Pole and the South Pole), lying within the polar circles. These high latitudes are dominated by floating sea ice covering much of the Arctic Ocean in the north, and by the Antarctic ice sheet on the continent of Antarctica and the Southern Ocean in the south.
São Martinho de Árvore
São Martinho de Árvore (also known simply as Árvore) is a former civil parish in the municipality of Coimbra, Portugal. The population in 2011 was 1,033, in an area of 3.26 km2. On 28 January 2013 it merged with Lamarosa to form São Martinho de Árvore e Lamarosa.

It was previously part of the then-municipality Tentúgal. It was disbanded on 31 December 1853 and became part of the municipality of Coimbra.

Tentúgal
Tentúgal is a parish of Montemor-o-Velho Municipality, Coimbra District, Portugal. The population in 2011 was 2,141, in an area of 34.29 km². The village is well known in Portugal for its old and unique conventual cakes, most notably the pastel de Tentúgal. Sisnando Davides, Count of Coimbra, was born in Tentúgal in the 11th century.
Isaac ben Moses
Isaac ben Moses can refer to:

Isaac ben Moses Abulafia

Isaac ben Moses Arama

Isaac ben Moses Eli

Isaac ben Moses ha-Levi or Profiat Duran (c. 1350 – 1415), physician and philosopher

Isaac ben Moses of Vienna (c. 1200–70), Viennese rabbi

Isaac ben Moses Solomon Blaser

Isaac ben Moses Eli
Isaac ben Moses Eli ha-Sefaradi was a fifteenth century Spanish Jewish mathematician, born at Oriola, Aragon.

According to Steinschneider, he may have been one of the Spanish exiles of 1492, probably leaving to Constantinople. He wrote a mathematical work entitled Meleket ha-Mispar, divided into three parts: (1) a theory of numbers, dealing with the first four rules and the extraction of square roots; (2) proportion, etc.; and (3) elementary geometry. The book is an introduction to Euclid, and begins with a definition of the science of figures.
Najibullah Zadran
Najibullah Zadran (Pashto: نجیب الله ځدراڼ; born 28 February 1993) is an Afghan cricketer and the vice captain of the Afghanistan Twenty20 International (T20I) side. Zadran is a left-handed batsman who bowls right-arm off breaks. He made his international debut in July 2012.

Off spin
Off spin is a type of spin bowling in cricket. A bowler who uses this technique is called an off spinner. Off spinners bowl with their right-arm and a  finger spin action. Their normal delivery is called an off break, which spins from left to right (from the bowler's perspective) when the ball bounces on the pitch. For a right-handed batter, the ball breaks towards them from the off side, hence the name 'off break'.

Off spinners bowl mostly off breaks, varying them by adjusting the line and length of the deliveries. Off spinners also bowl other types of delivery, which spin differently. Aside from these variations in spin, varying the speed, length and flight of the ball are also important for the off spinner.

The bowler with the most wickets in the history of both Test matches and ODIs, Muttiah Muralitharan, was an off spinner.
Rinken Band
Rinken Band (りんけんバンド) is an Okinawan band that formed in 1977 and helped popularize their homeland's musical forms and traditional Okinawan music starting in 1985, when their first hit, "Arigatou", was released.

Rinken Band was founded by Rinken Teruya, the son of well-known Okinawan folk music artist Rinsuke Teruya. The band fuses Okinawan folk music, pop, and celebratory eisā traditions to make ballads and dance tunes.

Rinken Band's most recent appearance in the United States was a concert in Oahu, Hawaii. They were featured at the annual Okinawan Festival of 2007.

Eisa (dance)
Eisa (Okinawan: エイサー, romanized: Eisā) is a folk dance originating from Okinawa Island in the Ryukyu Islands. It is derived from the Obon (Okinawan: Bun / usōrō, ブン / ウソーロー,  盆) dance that is performed by young people of each community during Obon festival to honor the spirits of their ancestors. It underwent drastic changes in the 20th century and is today seen as a vital part of Okinawan culture.
5905 Johnson
5905 Johnson, provisional designation 1989 CJ1, is a Hungaria asteroid and synchronous binary system from the innermost regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 4 kilometers (2.5 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 11 February 1989, by American astronomer Eleanor Helin at Palomar Observatory in California, United States. Its satellite measures approximately 1.6 km (1 mi) in diameter and orbits its primary every 21.8 hours. It was named after American astronomer and engineer Lindley N. Johnson.

Palomar Observatory
The Palomar Observatory is an astronomical research observatory in the Palomar Mountains of San Diego County, California, United States. It is owned and operated by the California Institute of Technology (Caltech). Research time at the observatory is granted to Caltech and its research partners, which include the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), Yale University, and the National Astronomical Observatories of China.

The observatory operates several telescopes, including the 200-inch (5.1 m) Hale Telescope, the 48-inch (1.2 m) Samuel Oschin telescope (dedicated to the Zwicky Transient Facility, ZTF), the Palomar 60-inch (1.5 m) Telescope, and the 30-centimetre (12-inch) Gattini-IR telescope. Decommissioned instruments include the Palomar Testbed Interferometer and the first telescopes at the observatory, an 18-inch (46 cm) Schmidt camera from 1936.