hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Angel Wing (Glacier National Park)
Angel Wing is a 7,430-foot (2,260-meter) elevation mountain summit located in the Lewis Range, of Glacier National Park in the U.S. state of Montana. It is situated one mile east of the Continental Divide, in Glacier County. It can be seen from the Many Glacier area, and up close from the Grinnell Glacier Trail. Topographic relief is significant as the north aspect rises nearly 2,500 feet (760 meters) above Grinnell Lake in one-half mile.

Glacier County, Montana
Glacier County is located in the U.S. state of Montana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 13,778. The county is located in northwestern Montana between the Great Plains and the Rocky Mountains, known to the Blackfeet as the "Backbone of the World". The county is geographically and culturally diverse and includes the Blackfeet Indian Reservation, Glacier National Park, and Lewis and Clark National Forest. The county is bordered by 75 miles of international boundary with two ports of entry (Piegan and Del Bonita) open year-round and one seasonal (Chief Mountain) international border crossing into Alberta, Canada.
Gishe
Gishe (Amharic: ግሼ) also spelled as Geshe is a woreda in Amhara Region, Ethiopia.  Located at the eastern edge of the Ethiopian Highlands in the Semien Shewa Zone, Gishe is bordered on the south by the Menz Gera Midir, on the west and north by the Debub Wollo Zone, and on the east by Antsokiyana Gemza; the Wanchet River defines its western boundary.

The name of this woreda is coming from the name of a district of the former province or kingdom of Shewa, Gishe Rabel. It contains parts of Abuye Meda, the largest plateau of Semien Shewa Zone. The administrative center of Gishe is Rabel.

Other settlements in the woreda includes Darat, Dasa, Melek Ãmba, Seya, Wembada and Zoga Ãmba.

Elevations in Gishe range from about 1200 meters along the Wanchet to over 3000 meters above sea level in the ridge of mountains that run near the eastern border of this woreda. Rivers include the Albuko, Yasha, Wayit, Kechine and Yada rivers.

Wanchet River
Wanchet River is a river of central Ethiopia, and a tributary of the Jamma River. Along with the Adabay River, it defined the border of the former district of Marra Biete.

Its crossing "Aqui afagi" (Aheya Fajj, Amharic "destroyer of donkeys") is mentioned in the account of Portuguese explorer Francisco Álvares, who crossed it several times in the first quarter of the 16th century.
Alfredo de Sá Cardoso
Alfredo Ernesto de Sá Cardoso (6 June 1864 – 24 April 1950), commonly known as Alfredo de Sá Cardoso (Portuguese pronunciation: [alˈfɾeðu eɾˈnɛʃtu ðɨ ˈsa kɐɾˈðozu]), or just Sá Cardoso, was a Portuguese republican politician of the Portuguese First Republic who served twice as Prime Minister of Portugal.

First Portuguese Republic
The First Portuguese Republic (Portuguese: Primeira República Portuguesa; officially: República Portuguesa, Portuguese Republic) spans a complex 16-year period in the history of Portugal, between the end of the period of constitutional monarchy marked by the 5 October 1910 revolution and the 28 May 1926 coup d'état. The latter movement instituted a military dictatorship known as Ditadura Nacional (national dictatorship) that would be followed by the corporatist Estado Novo (new state) regime of António de Oliveira Salazar.

The sixteen years of the First Republic saw eight presidents and 45 ministries, and were altogether more of a transition between the Kingdom of Portugal and the Estado Novo than they were a coherent period of governance.
Bombardier Transportation Polska
Bombardier Transportation Polska is the Polish division of Bombardier Transportation. It comprises the former Pafawag factory in Wrocław and another facility in Łódź as Bombardier Transportation Polska Sp. z o.o. and another manufacturing plant Bombardier Transportation (ZWUS) Polska Sp. z o.o. in Katowice. In February 2011, Bombardier bought out PKP's 60% stake in ZWUS.

PKP Group
The PKP Group (Polish: Grupa PKP) is a Polish corporate group founded in 2001, from the former state enterprise, Polish State Railways. The purpose of this change was to separate infrastructure management and transport operations.

It consists of the following companies, of which PKP S.A. has the dominant position:

PKP Group has sold PKP Energetyka, an electricity supplier and most of the shares in PKP Polskie Linie Kolejowe, an infrastructure manager.
2022 Judo Grand Slam Düsseldorf
The 2022 Judo Grand Slam Düsseldorf was to be held in Düsseldorf, Germany, from 4 to 6 June 2022.

The German Judo Federation announced on 15 February that the event would be cancelled due to financial difficulties resulting from Covid-19 restrictions.

German Judo Federation
The German Judo Federation (German: Deutscher Judo-Bund e.V. (DJB)) is an association of German judo. The German Judo Federation is affiliated with the International Judo Federation. Its headquarters are in Frankfurt/Main.
Jamaree Bouyea
Jamaree Ray-Shaun Bouyea (born June 27, 1999) is an American professional basketball player for the Phoenix Suns of the National Basketball Association (NBA), on a two-way contract with the Valley Suns of the NBA G League. He played college basketball for the San Francisco Dons.

Valley Suns
The Valley Suns are an American professional basketball team of the NBA G League and the affiliate of the Phoenix Suns of the National Basketball Association. Based in Tempe, Arizona, and officially created on February 14, 2024, the team played their home games during the 2024–25 season at Mullett Arena on the campus of Arizona State University.
News Review Messenger
News Review Messenger is a weekly suburban newspaper in Adelaide, South Australia, part of the Messenger Newspapers group. The paper's area stretches from Pooraka in the south, through to Gawler in the north, and covers Adelaide's northern suburbs.

The newspaper generally reports on events of interest in its distribution area, including the suburbs of Elizabeth, Salisbury, Gawler and Pooraka. It also covers the City of Playford, City of Salisbury and Town of Gawler councils.

It has a circulation of 89,618 and a readership of 81,000.

City of Playford
The City of Playford is a local government area of South Australia in Adelaide's northern suburbs. It was named in recognition of Sir Thomas Playford, who played a part in the development of the area, and was South Australia's premier from 1938–1965. The city covers an area of 345 km2 (133 sq mi),and is home to over 113,000 residents . Playford was the fastest growing local government area in South Australia in the 2010s.
Hydnophytum radicans
Hydnophytum moseleyanum is a plant in the coffee and gardenia family Rubiaceae native to the Maluku Islands and New Guinea. It is an epiphyte that inhabits mangrove forest and rainforest, and it forms a symbiotic relationship with certain species of ants. It was first described in 1884 by the Italian botanist Odoardo Beccari, and published in his book Malesia.

Odoardo Beccari
Odoardo Beccari (16 November 1843 – 25 October 1920) was an Italian botanist famous for his discoveries in Indonesia, New Guinea, and Australia. He has been called the greatest botanist to ever study Malesia. The standard author abbreviation Becc. is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.
Presence: Teleoperators & Virtual Environments
PRESENCE: Virtual and Augmented Reality is the longest-established peer-reviewed academic journal that is devoted to research into teleoperation and virtual environments (3D virtual reality worlds), PRESENCE: Virtual and Augmented Reality (previously PRESENCE: Teleoperators & Virtual Environments) publishes material about fundamental research into topics such as presence, augmented reality, haptics, user interfaces, and virtual humans, and applications that range from heritage and education to training simulators, healthcare, and entertainment.

PRESENCE was founded in 1992 and is published online and in hard copy by the MIT Press. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2016 impact factor of 0.750.

MIT Press
The MIT Press is the university press of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), a private research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The MIT Press publishes a number of academic journals and has been a pioneer in the open access movement in academic publishing.
Bunostegos
Bunostegos ("knobbly [skull] roof") is an extinct genus of pareiasaur parareptile from the Late Permian of the Agadez Region in Niger. The type species, Bunostegos akokanensis, was named from the Moradi Formation in 2003. It was a cow-sized animal with a distinctive skull that had large bony knobs, similar in form to those of other pareiasaurs but far larger. The species appears to have lived in a desert in the centre of the supercontinent of Pangaea.

Analysis of the limb bones (including the scapulocoracoid, humerus, radius, ulna, pelvis, and femur) was published in 2015, and revealed that Bunostegos walked upright on four limbs, with the body held above ground. This new information directly suggests that it could be the first tetrapod with a fully erect gait.

Lopingian
The Lopingian,  informally the Late or Upper Permian, is the uppermost series/last epoch of the Permian, and last epoch of the Paleozoic. The Lopingian was preceded by the Guadalupian and followed by the Early Triassic.

The name was introduced by Amadeus William Grabau in 1931 and derives from Leping, Jiangxi in China. It consists of two stages/ages. The earlier is the Wuchiapingian and the later is the Changhsingian.

The International Chronostratigraphic Chart (v2018/07) provides a numerical age of 259.1 ±0.5 Ma. If a Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) has been approved, the lower boundary of the earliest stage determines numerical age of an epoch. The GSSP for the Wuchiapingian has a numerical age of 259.8 ± 0.4 Ma.

Evidence from Milankovitch cycles suggests that the length of an Earth day during this epoch was approximately 22 hours.
Vrokastro
35°07′12″N 25°44′41″E﻿ / ﻿35.1199°N 25.7447°E﻿ / 35.1199; 25.7447
Vrokastro was an ancient Minoan civilization settlement in the Lasithi regional unit of eastern Crete, Greece. It overlooks the Gulf of Mirabello.

The site was a mountain citadel located on a hill 1,5 km east of Priniatikos Pyrgos, another very early archaeological site. Nearby, there's a small resort town of Kalo Chorio, Lasithi.

Yet another important archaeological site in the area is Vasiliki, Lasithi. There's an Archaeological Museum in nearby Agios Nikolaos, Crete.

Mirabello Bay
Mirabello Bay (also Bay/Gulf of Mirabello/Mirabella) is an embayment of the Sea of Crete on the eastern part of Crete in present-day Greece. It is the largest bay of the Greek islands and the fifth largest in the Mediterranean Sea. The tourist town Agios Nikolaos overlooks the bay. This locale was important in prehistoric settlement of the island of Crete.
2002 NAPA Auto Parts 500
The 2002 NAPA Auto Parts 500 was a NASCAR Winston Cup Series stock car race held on April 28, 2002 at California Speedway in Fontana, California. Contested over 250 laps on the 2-mile (3.2-kilometre) asphalt D-shaped oval, it was the tenth race of the 2002 NASCAR Winston Cup Series season. Jimmie Johnson of Hendrick Motorsports won the race, his first career Winston Cup Series victory. Kurt Busch finished second and Ricky Rudd finished third.

Fontana, California
Fontana is a city in San Bernardino County, California, United States. Founded by Azariel Blanchard Miller in 1913, it remained essentially rural until World War II, when entrepreneur Henry J. Kaiser built a large steel mill in the area. It is now a regional hub of the trucking industry, with the east–west Interstate 10 and State Route 210 crossing the city and Interstate 15 passing diagonally through its northwestern quadrant. The city is about 46 miles (74 km) east of Los Angeles.

The United States Census Bureau reported that Fontana's 2020 population was 208,393, making it the second-most-populous city in San Bernardino County and the 20th largest in the state.
Adrian Ellis (composer)
Adrian Ellis is a Canadian film and television composer. He is most noted for his work on the 2022 film Cult Hero, for which he received a Canadian Screen Award nomination for Best Original Score at the 11th Canadian Screen Awards in 2023.

His other credits have included the films The Scarehouse, The Man in the Shadows, The Hoard, The Hyperborean and Mother Father Sister Brother Frank, and the web series Clutch and Out with Dad. He has received several Indie Series Award nominations for his work on Clutch and Out with Dad, and was a Canadian Screen Music Award nominee for Best Original Score for a Short Film  in 2022 for Old Mother Tongue.

He has also served as vice-president of the Screen Composers Guild of Canada.

The Man in the Shadows
The Man in the Shadows (US/UK video release: The Shadow Man) is a 2015 Canadian supernatural horror film, the first feature film directed by Joshua Fraiman and written by co-star and co-producer Adam Tomlinson, based on a personal experience, as well as on reports by "millions of people around the world" of so-called shadow people, a phenomenon associated with sleep paralysis. The plot centres around a prescription drug-addicted newlywed photographer (Sarah Jurgens) who appears to be stalked by a dark man in a brimmed hat who follows her from her nightmares into reality. Rachel is aided by William (Adam Tomlinson) who has been investigating the "Hat Man" phenomenon.
Wheat Field with a Lark
In 1887, while he was residing in Paris, Vincent van Gogh executed an oil painting commonly known as Wheat Field with a Lark. It is housed in the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam, where it is known as Korenveld met patrijs (English: Wheat field with partridge).

Its lower half shows a partially harvested field of wheat under a sky patterned with light clouds. Poppies and cornflowers wave in the wind alongside the crop. A lark takes flight towards the upper left of the canvas.

Partridge
A partridge is a medium-sized galliform bird in any of several genera, with a wide native distribution throughout parts of Europe, Asia and Africa. Several species have been introduced to the Americas. They are sometimes grouped in the Perdicinae subfamily of the Phasianidae (pheasants, quail, etc.). However, molecular research suggests that partridges are not a distinct taxon within the superfamily Phasianoidea, but that some species are closer to the pheasants, while others are closer to the junglefowl.
Pheniprazine
Pheniprazine, formerly sold under the brand names Catron and Cavodil, is an irreversible and non-selective monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) of the hydrazine group that was used as an antidepressant to treat depression in the 1960s. It was also used in the treatment of angina pectoris and schizophrenia. Pheniprazine has been largely discontinued due to toxicity concerns such as jaundice, amblyopia, and optic neuritis.

Binding selectivity
In chemistry, binding selectivity is defined with respect to the binding of ligands to a substrate forming a complex. Binding selectivity describes how a ligand may bind more preferentially to one receptor than another. A selectivity coefficient is the equilibrium constant for the reaction of displacement by one ligand of another ligand in a complex with the substrate. Binding selectivity is of major importance in biochemistry and in chemical separation processes.
Harold Mansbridge
Harold Chad Mansbridge  was provost of St Mary's Cathedral, Glasgow from 1970 until his death on 15 July 1980.

He was born on 4 March 1917 and educated at Price's School, Fareham and Kelham Theological College. He was ordained in 1942 and began his career with curacies in Nottingham,  Cullercoats and Stratfield Mortimer. He was rector of Shellingford from 1948 to 1960; and of Bieldside until 1970.

Bieldside
Bieldside is a suburb to the west of Aberdeen City Centre, Scotland. Together with the neighbouring suburb of Cults, it is the wealthiest area in Scotland. It has one pub/restaurant, The Bieldside, a foodstore, a hairdresser, a tea room and a charity shop. The Old Deeside railway line (now the Deeside Way) passes through Bieldside, and Queen Victoria would often stop at Bieldside on her regular journeys between her summer retreat at Balmoral and the city centre.

Bieldside is attributed as one of the wealthiest areas in Scotland, and is home to the most millionaires per postcode outside London. Its residents include former UK Open winner Paul Lawrie and Stewart Milne.
Yūichirō Itō
Yūichirō Itō (伊藤 祐一郎, Itō Yūichirō, born 17 November 1947) is a Japanese politician and former governor of Kagoshima Prefecture in Japan. A native of Izumi, Kagoshima and graduate of the University of Tokyo with the Bachelor of Laws in June 1971, he had worked at the Ministry of Home Affairs since 1972 before elected governor.

He served three terms as governor from 2004 until 2016. In July 2016 he sought a fourth term but was defeated by Satoshi Mitazono.

Izumi, Kagoshima
Izumi (出水市, Izumi-shi) is a city located in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 July 2024, the city had an estimated population of 51,450 in 25838 households, and a  population density of 160 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 329.98 km2 (127.41 sq mi).
Visa requirements for Tajikistani citizens
Visa requirements for Tajik citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Tajikistan. As 2025, Tajik citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 55 countries and territories, ranking the Tajik passport 83rd in terms of travel freedom (tied with a passport from India and Senegal) according to the  Henley Passport Index.

Tajikistani citizens in other countries also can benefit from the mobility rights arrangements within the Commonwealth of Independent States.

Mobility rights arrangements of the Commonwealth of Independent States
The countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States have concluded a number of agreements among themselves in the field of citizens' mobility rights, which regulate visa-free travel, recognition of documents, cooperation in the field of employment and the common labor market.
USS Thomas Jefferson (APA-30)
USS Thomas Jefferson (APA-30), serving from 1 May 1942 until 18 July 1955, was a transport and then reclassified on 1 February 1943 as a President Jackson-class attack transport. She was laid down under Maritime Commission contract (MC hull 56) as President Garfield on 5 February 1940 at Newport News, Virginia, by the Newport News Shipbuilding & Drydock Company for the American President Lines. The ship was launched on 20 November 1940, sponsored by Miss Eugenia Merrill. President Garfield was completed 26 March 1941 and acquired by the War Shipping Administration (WSA) 29 November 1941 with American President Lines, the WSA agent, operating the ship as a troop transport. On 1 May 1942 the United States Navy purchased the ship and commissioned her USS Thomas Jefferson, named for Founding Father Thomas Jefferson, on 31 August 1942.

Sasebo
Sasebo (佐世保市, Sasebo-shi) is a core city located in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. It is the second-largest city in Nagasaki Prefecture, after its capital, Nagasaki. As of 1 April 2024, the city had an estimated population of 230,873 in 102,670 households, and a  population density of 540 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 426.01 km2 (164.48 sq mi).
María Espinosa de los Monteros
María Espinosa de los Monteros y Díaz de Santiago, also María Espinosa Diaz, (1875–1946) was a Spanish women's rights activist and business executive. She is remembered in particular for founding in 1918 the Asociación Nacional de Mujeres Españolas (National Association of Spanish Women) which she headed until 1924. In 1898, she established the Spanish branch of the American Yost Typewriter Company, Casa Yost, which she headed until 1921. In 1926, she was appointed to serve as a councillor for the Municipality of Segovia.

Segovia
Segovia (/sɪˈɡoʊviə/ sig-OH-vee-ə, US also /seɪˈ-/ say-GOH-, Spanish: [seˈɣoβja] ⓘ) is a city in the autonomous community of Castile and León, Spain. It is the capital and most populated municipality of the Province of Segovia. Segovia is located in the Inner Plateau of the Iberian Peninsula, near the northern slopes of the Sistema Central mountain range. Housing is nestled on a bend of the Eresma river.

The city is famous for its historic buildings including three main landmarks: its midtown Roman aqueduct, its cathedral (one of the last ones to be built in Europe following a Gothic style), and the Alcázar of Segovia (a fortress). The city center was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1985.
VD/VT
In medicine, the ratio of physiologic dead space over tidal volume (VD/VT) is a routine measurement, expressing the ratio of dead-space ventilation (VD) to tidal ventilation (VT), as in physiologic research or the care of patients with respiratory disease.

Tidal volume
Tidal volume (symbol VT or TV) is the volume of air inspired and expired with each passive breath. It is typically assumed that the volume of air inhaled is equal to the volume of air exhaled such as in the figure on the right. In a healthy, young human adult, tidal volume is approximately 500 ml per inspiration at rest or 7 ml/kg of body mass.
Swamp Legend
Swamp Legend ("Sumpflegende") is a 1919 oil-on-cardboard painting by Swiss German painter Paul Klee. It has been in the Städtische Galerie im Lenbachhaus in Munich since 1982, but its ownership was disputed due to its provenance. The painting was one of the works that the Nazis declared "degenerate art", and they confiscated it from the Landesmuseum Hannover in 1937. However, it was not owned by the museum, but was there on a loan from the art historian Sophie Lissitzky-Küppers. In July 2017 it became known that her heirs had reached an agreement with the city of Munich abouts its ownership.

Paul Klee
Paul Klee (German: [paʊ̯l ˈkleː]; 18 December 1879 – 29 June 1940) was a Swiss-born German artist. His highly individual style was influenced by movements in art that included expressionism, cubism, and surrealism.

Klee was a natural draftsman who experimented with and eventually deeply explored color theory, writing about it extensively. His lectures Writings on Form and Design Theory (Schriften zur Form und Gestaltungslehre), published in English as the Paul Klee Notebooks, are held to be as important for modern art as Leonardo da Vinci's A Treatise on Painting was for the Renaissance.

He and his colleague, Russian painter Wassily Kandinsky, both taught at the Bauhaus school of art, design and architecture in Germany. His works reflect his dry humor and his sometimes childlike perspective, his personal moods and beliefs, and his musicality.
USS Fort Mandan
USS Fort Mandan (LSD-21) was a Casa Grande-class dock landing ship of the United States Navy, named in honor of Fort Mandan, the encampment at which the Lewis and Clark Expedition wintered in 1804–1805, in what is now North Dakota.

Casa Grande-class dock landing ship
The Casa Grande class was a class of dock landing ships  used by the Royal Navy and the United States Navy during the Second World War. Nineteen ships were planned, but two, USS Fort Snelling and USS Point Defiance were cancelled before being completed.