hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
James Docharty
James Docharty ARSA (1829–1878) was a Scottish landscape painter.

He was born at Bonhill, near Dumbarton, in 1829. He first worked for his father as a designer of calico fabric. Docharty did not turn to art till 1862. His works appeared at the Edinburgh Academy, the Glasgow Institution, and the Royal Academy. In 1876 failing health caused him to visit the Continent and the East. He did some promising sketches in Egypt in 1876. Docharty was elected an Associate of the Royal Scottish Academy in 1877. He was the uncle of Alexander Brownlie Docharty, who was based at James' studio in 1885. He died from pulmonary illness in Glasgow in 1878.  Amongst his best works are:

The Haunt of the Red Deer. 1869.

The Head of Loch Lomond. 1873.

Glencoe. 1874.

The River Achray. 1876.

A Good Fishing Day. 1877.

A Salmon Stream. 1878.

Dumbarton
Dumbarton (/dʌmˈbɑːrtən/; Scots: Dumbairton, Dumbartoun or Dumbertan; Scottish Gaelic: Dùn Breatann [t̪um ˈpɾʲɛht̪ən̪ˠ] or Dùn Breatainn [t̪um ˈpɾʲɛht̪ɪɲ], meaning 'fort of the Britons') is a town in West Dunbartonshire, Scotland, on the north bank of the River Clyde where the River Leven flows into the Clyde estuary. In 2006, it had an estimated population of 19,990.

Dumbarton was the capital of the ancient Kingdom of Strathclyde, and later the county town of Dunbartonshire.
Dumbarton Castle, on top of Dumbarton Rock, dominates the area. Dumbarton was a royal burgh between 1222 and 1975.

Dumbarton emerged from the 19th century as a centre for shipbuilding, glassmaking, and whisky production. However, these industries have since declined, and Dumbarton today is increasingly a commuter town for Glasgow 13 miles (21 km) east-southeast of it. Dumbarton F.C. is the local football club.
Ylämaa
Ylämaa (Finnish: [ˈylæˌmɑː]; literally translated the "Highland") is a former municipality of Finland, located in the province of Southern Finland as part of the South Karelia region. It was consolidated with Lappeenranta on January 1, 2010.

The municipality had a population of 1,408 (31 December 2009) and covers an area of 408.94 square kilometres (157.89 sq mi) of which 29.19 km2 (11.27 sq mi) is water. The population density is 3.71 inhabitants per square kilometre (9.6/sq mi). The municipality was unilingually Finnish.

There is a strong concentration of the spectrolite in the region of Ylämaa, which is well-known for gemstones and minerals. Plans to build a pyramid in Ylämaa have existed since 1998, but as of 2010 the project has been on hold due to the high cost.

South Karelia
South Karelia (or Southern Karelia, Finnish: Etelä-Karjala; Swedish: Södra Karelen) is a region of Finland. It borders the regions of Kymenlaakso, South Savo and North Karelia, as well as Russia (Republic of Karelia and Leningrad Oblast).
Gua massacre
The Gua massacre took place on 8 September 1980 when forces of the Bihar Military Police (BMP) committed an act of mass murder against the tribals at a hospital in Gua, Bihar (present-day West Singhbhum, Jharkhand).

West Singhbhum district
West Singhbhum district or Pashchimi Singhbhum district is one of the 24 districts of Jharkhand state, India. It came into existence on 16 January 1990, when the old Singhbhum district (then in Bihar) was bifurcated. Chaibasa is the district headquarter.

The district is bounded on north by Khunti district, on the east by Saraikela Kharsawan district of Jharkhand, on the southeast by Mayurbhanj district of Odisha, on the south by Kendujhar district of Odisha, and on the west by Simdega district of Jharkhand and Sundergarh district of Odisha.West Singhbhum district is located in southern part of Jharkhand
Tudor's Biscuit World
Tudor's Biscuit World is a restaurant chain and franchise based in Nitro, West Virginia, most commonly found in West Virginia. Many West Virginia locations share a building with Gino's Pizza and Spaghetti, although the chain is more extensive than Gino's (which is exclusive to West Virginia), having locations in southern Ohio and eastern and central Kentucky. In 2016 a franchise was opened in Panama City, Florida.

Tudor's serves biscuits, biscuit sandwiches, homestyle breakfasts and dinners, muffins, and several side dishes. The chain was originally based in Charleston, West Virginia and many of the biscuit sandwiches are named for sports teams of interest in that area, including teams at Marshall University, West Virginia University, and The University of Charleston.

Panama City, Florida
Panama City is a city in and the county seat of Bay County, Florida, United States. Located along U.S. Highway 98 (US 98), it is the largest city between Tallahassee and Pensacola. It is the most populous city in Bay County and a principal city of the Panama City–Panama City Beach, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area, which has a population of approximately 200,534. According to the 2020 United States census, the city's population was 32,939 (excluding Panama City Beach).
Rajasthan Tourism Development Corporation
Rajasthan Tourism Development Corporation (RTDC) is an agency of the Government of Rajasthan set up on 1 April 1979 to develop tourism in the Indian state. It manages many restaurants, cafeterias, hotels and bars. The Corporation also organizes package tours, fairs, festivals, entertainment, shopping and transport services. In collaboration with Indian Railways it runs the luxury tourist train Palace on Wheels. RTDC has hotels/motels at all major tourist places in Rajasthan.

Government of Rajasthan
The Government of Rajasthan is the supreme governing authority of the Indian state of Rajasthan and its 41 districts. It consists of an executive branch, led by the governor of Rajasthan, as well as judiciary and legislative branches. Jaipur is the capital of Rajasthan, and houses the Vidhan Sabha (legislative assembly) and the secretariat. There are various programs announced by the Government of Rajasthan.
The Hits (Billy Joel album)
Billy Joel – The Hits is a greatest hits album by American singer-songwriter Billy Joel, released on November 16, 2010, in the United States only. It is his first single-disc compilation released in the US. It leaves off some of Joel's most successful songs, such as "Just the Way You Are", "She's Always a Woman" and "Uptown Girl", in favor of lesser known tracks, such as "Everybody Loves You Now".

Everybody Loves You Now
"Everybody Loves You Now" is a song written by Billy Joel.  It was first released on his 1971 debut album Cold Spring Harbor and was also released as a B-side to his singles "She's Got a Way" and "Tomorrow Is Today". Live versions were included on the albums Songs in the Attic, 12 Gardens Live and Live at Shea Stadium: The Concert.
Brian Christopher
Brian Christopher Lawler (January 10, 1972 – July 29, 2018) was an American professional wrestler. He is best remembered for his career in the World Wrestling Federation (now WWE), where he performed as "Too Sexy" Brian Christopher and Grand Master Sexay. Lawler was a one-time WWF Tag Team Champion as part of Too Cool with Scotty 2 Hotty, and won 44 titles within the United States Wrestling Association, the promotion formerly co-owned by his father, professional wrestler Jerry Lawler.

USWA Junior Heavyweight Championship
The USWA Junior Heavyweight Championship was a short-lived title in the United States Wrestling Association that lasted from 1990 to 1991. They used the old NWA Southeastern United States Junior Heavyweight Championship belt to represent the title.
Let the Good Times Roll (Louis Jordan song)
"Let the Good Times Roll" is a jump blues song recorded in 1946 by Louis Jordan and his Tympany Five.  A mid-tempo twelve-bar blues, the song became a blues standard and one of Jordan's best-known songs.

Jump blues
Jump blues is an uptempo style of blues, jazz, and boogie woogie usually played by small groups and featuring horn instruments. It was popular in the 1940s and was a precursor of rhythm and blues and rock and roll. Appreciation of jump blues was renewed in the 1990s as part of the swing revival.
German submarine U-248
German submarine U-248 was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. The submarine was laid down on 19 December 1942 at the Friedrich Krupp Germaniawerft yard at Kiel as yard number 682, launched on 7 October 1943 and commissioned on 6 November under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Bernhard Emde.

In two patrols, she sank or damaged no ships.

She was sunk in mid-Atlantic by US warships on 16 January 1945.

Oberleutnant zur See
Oberleutnant zur See (OLt zS or OLZS in the German Navy, Oblt.z.S. in the Kriegsmarine) is traditionally the highest rank of Lieutenant in the German Navy. It is grouped as OF-1 in NATO.

The rank was introduced in the Imperial German Navy by renaming the former rank of Premier Lieutenant in 1890. Within the navy, officers of this rank were simply addressed as Herr Oberleutnant. To distinguish naval officers from those of the army, the suffix zur See (at sea) was added in official communications, sometimes shortened to z.S. (Oblt.z.S.). The rank has since been used by the Reichsmarine, Kriegsmarine, and Bundesmarine.  In the Volksmarine, the rank was originally used in the same way until the suffix zur See was dropped. In the Kriegsmarine, engineers (Ingenieur – Ing.) of the same rank were distinguished as Oberleutnant (Ing.).
Canton of Romilly-sur-Seine
The canton of Romilly-sur-Seine is an administrative division of the Aube department, northeastern France. It was created at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Romilly-sur-Seine.

It consists of the following communes:

Crancey

Gélannes

Maizières-la-Grande-Paroisse

Pars-lès-Romilly

Romilly-sur-Seine

Saint-Hilaire-sous-Romilly

Aube
Aube (French pronunciation: [ob] ⓘ ohb) is a French department in the Grand Est region of northeastern France. As with sixty departments in France, this department is named after a river: the Aube. With 310,242 inhabitants (2019), Aube is the 74th department in terms of population. The inhabitants of the department are known as Aubois or Auboises.

The department was constituted by a decree of the National Assembly of 15 January 1790.
1990–1992 FIRA Trophy
The 1990–92 FIRA Trophy was the 29th edition of a European rugby union championship for national teams. The format returned to a two-year tournament.

The tournament was won by France, with a Grand Slam. Italy, improving their competitive performance, finished in 2nd place, while Romania where 3rd. Both teams qualified for the 1991 Rugby World Cup, since the first two games also were valid for the qualification, while Soviet Union missed them. This would be their last presence at the FIRA Trophy, since the country ceased to exist on 25 December 1991. They were replaced by the CIS for the final two games. Spain failed the 1991 Rugby World Cup qualification because of her two losses in the opening games, had a narrow defeat to Italy (22-21), and a win over Romania (6-0), both at home, but wasn't able to avoid the 5th and last place, and were relegated.

The winners of the Second Division pools were Germany and Morocco.

Morocco national rugby union team
The Morocco national rugby union team are a national sporting side, representing Morocco in rugby union. The team is also known as the Atlas Lions. Morocco is governed by the Fédération Royale Marocaine de Rugby. Morocco competes in the Africa Cup annually. The team has won the competition in 2003 and 2005. They usually play their internationals in Casablanca.

Morocco has thus far not qualified for a Rugby World Cup, but have participated in the qualifying tournaments since the early 1990s. For the 2007 Rugby World Cup tournament in France, Morocco failed to qualify when they lost to Portugal, home and away meaning they would not make the Repechage 1 play-off against Uruguay.

Their best ranking was 20th in the world (on 5 July 2004)
Cecil C. Rousseau
Cecil Clyde Rousseau, Jr. (January 13, 1938 Philadelphia - April 10, 2020 Memphis) was a mathematician and author who specialized in graph theory and combinatorics.  He was a professor at The University of Memphis starting in 1970 until retiring in 2008, and was involved with USAMO in many capacities, including serving as chair.

Rousseau received his Ph.D. in Physics in 1968 from Texas A&M University.

He has an Erdős number of 1, and is Erdős' 5th most common co-author, with 35 joint papers. He also frequently collaborated with Memphis faculty Ralph Faudree and Dick Schelp.

In 2012, Rousseau received the Paul Erdős Award from the World Federation of National Mathematics Competitions.

To his students and colleagues, he was known affectionately as C²R.

Erdős number
The Erdős number (Hungarian: [ˈɛrdøːʃ]) describes the "collaborative distance" between mathematician Paul Erdős and another person, as measured by authorship of mathematical papers. The same principle has been applied in other fields where a particular individual has collaborated with a large and broad number of peers.
Stuart Smith (cricketer)
Stuart Campbell Smith (19 September 1868 – date of death unknown) was an Irish first-class cricketer.

Smith was born at Rathmines in Dublin in August 1868. A high scoring batsman in club cricket for Leinster, Smith first appeared for Ireland in a minor match against I Zingari at Dublin in 1891 (four years earlier he had played for the Gentlemen of Ireland against the Gentlemen of Canada). He continued to appear regularly for Ireland in minor cricket from 1891–1908. He made his debut in first-class cricket for Ireland at the age of 40, against the touring South Africans at Dublin. He played two further first-class matches for Ireland in 1908 at Dublin, against the touring Gentlemen of Philadelphia, and Yorkshire. Despite being a heavy scorer at club level, he failed to repeat this at first-class level, scoring just 19 runs at an average of 3.16 across his three matches. He played for Stanley Cochrane's Woodbrook Club and Ground in a minor match against Hampshire in 1909.

Gentlemen of Ireland
The Gentlemen of Ireland was an Irish cricket team which played at first-class level in the early part of the 20th century. The team composed of players who were members of the middle and upper classes, usually products of the Irish public school system. A Gentlemen of Ireland team is first recorded in 1846 playing the Royal Artillery at Barrack Field in Woolwich, England. The Gentlemen of Ireland toured North America in 1879, and repeated the tour in 1888, 1892 and 1909. During the 1909 tour, the team played two first-class matches against the Gentlemen of Philadelphia at Haverford and Germantown. The team was captained by Francis Browning for both these matches, which the Gentlemen of Ireland lost by heavy margins. The team did not appear in any recorded cricket after 1909.
W. W. Wharton
Winston William Wharton (May 14, 1872 – December 16, 1963) was an American football coach.  He was the first head football coach at Drake University in Des Moines, Iowa and he held that position for the 1894 season.  His coaching record at Drake was 2–2. He was a man of many talents, including baton twirling. At a church service in Tingley, Iowa a young Dan McGugin was intrigued. Wharton suggested he play football.

Drake University
Drake University is a private university in Des Moines, Iowa, United States. It offers over 140 undergraduate and graduate programs, including professional programs in business, education, law, and pharmacy. Drake University Law School was founded in 1865, which makes it one of the 25 oldest law schools in the United States.
Palazzolo (surname)
Palazzolo is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Jack Palazzolo, Australian association football player

Jim Palazzolo, American football coach

Luigi Maria Palazzolo (1827–1886), Italian Roman Catholic priest

Tom Palazzolo (born 1937), American filmmaker, photographer and artist

Vito Roberto Palazzolo (born 1947), Italian businessman

Jim Palazzolo
Jim Palazzolo is an American former football coach. He served as the head football coach at Rocky Mountain College from 1983 to 1986 and  Southern Oregon University from 1989 until 1995, compiling a career college football coaching record of 45–51–2.
USS Bagley (DD-386)
USS Bagley (DD-386), a Bagley-class destroyer, was the third ship of the United States Navy to be named for Ensign Worth Bagley, officer during the Spanish–American War, distinguished as the only U.S. naval officer killed in action during that war.

Bagley (DD-386) was laid down on 31 July 1935 at the Norfolk Navy Yard, Portsmouth, Virginia; launched on 3 September 1936; sponsored by Miss Bella Worth Bagley, sister of Ensign Bagley; and commissioned on 12 June 1937.

Portsmouth, Virginia
Portsmouth is an independent city in southeastern Virginia, United States. It lies across the Elizabeth River from Norfolk. As of the 2020 census, the population was 97,915. It is the ninth-most populous city in Virginia and is part of the Hampton Roads metropolitan area. Due to its strategic location, the city has long been associated with the United States Armed Forces, particularly the Navy. The Norfolk Naval Shipyard is a historic and active Navy facility located in Portsmouth.
Liquid Television
Liquid Television is an animation showcase broadcast on MTV from 1991 to 1995. It launched several high-profile original cartoons, including Beavis and Butt-Head and Æon Flux. Other recurring segments include "The Art School Girls of Doom", The Specialists, and Brad Dharma: Psychedelic Detective. Independent animators and artists created most of the material specifically for the show, and some previously produced segments were compiled from festivals such as Spike and Mike's Festival of Animation.

The first season of Liquid Television also aired on BBC Two in co-production with MTV. Ultimately, MTV commissioned three seasons of the show, produced by Colossal Pictures. The show was eventually succeeded by Cartoon Sushi. Mark Mothersbaugh composed the theme music.

The show was broadcast in Canada on MuchMusic, in Asia on Channel V, in Australia on SBS and in New Zealand on TV3.

Channel V
Channel [V] ("V" as in the letter, not the Roman numeral "5") is a Chinese and former Asian pay television musical network originally launched by Star TV Hong Kong (now Disney Networks Group Asia Pacific). It was part of the unit of Disney International Operations, and was launched in September 1991 to replace the first incarnation of MTV's Asian operation before it was shut down on October 1, 2021.

The mainland Chinese version is owned by Star China Media, and is still operational. The Australian channels were owned by Foxtel before their closure.

Channel [V] previously operated either a local feed or a relay of the international version in Hong Kong, Macau, Southeast Asia, the Middle East, and Thailand or localized versions in India, the Philippines, Taiwan, South Korea, Japan and Australia.
Bishop of Chekiang
The Bishop of Chekiang, exercised episcopal leadership over the Diocese of Chekiang of the Anglican Church in China. The diocese, similar in extent to the present-day Zhejiang, was originally established as part of the Church of England.

The first bishop was appointed in 1908 following the resignation of George Moule as Bishop of Mid-China.

In 1918 Tsae-seng Sing, archdeacon of Chekiang from 1910 to 1918, was consecrated as assistant Bishop of the diocese, becoming the first ethnic Chinese bishop in the Anglican communion.

In 1958 the last Bishop of Chekiang, K. H. Ting, lost his diocese when all Anglican and other Protestant Christian denominations were compulsorily merged into the Three-Self Patriotic Movement. However, Ting remained President emeritus of the China Christian Council until his death in 2012.

Shen Zaichen
Shen Zaichen (Chinese: 沈載琛; pinyin: Shěn Zàichēn; Wade–Giles: Shên Tsai-chʽên, also romanized Sing Tsae-seng; 1861–1940) was an Anglican bishop in China.

Shen's father was the first clergyman in Zhejiang. He was educated at Trinity College, Ningbo and ordained in 1890. He was Headmaster of his old college for 29 years. He was also Archdeacon of Chekiang (Zhejiang) from 1910 to 1918. In that year he was consecrated at Holy Trinity Church, Shanghai to be an Assistant Bishop in the Diocese of North China, making him the first person of Chinese descent to be made a Bishop in the Anglican Communion.
Wave turbulence
In continuum mechanics, wave turbulence is a set of nonlinear waves deviated far from thermal equilibrium. Such a state is usually accompanied by dissipation. It is either decaying turbulence or requires an external source of energy to sustain it. Examples are waves on a fluid surface excited by winds or ships, and waves in plasma excited by electromagnetic waves etc.

Thermal equilibrium
Two physical systems are in thermal equilibrium if there is no net flow of thermal energy between them when they are connected by a path permeable to heat. Thermal equilibrium obeys the zeroth law of thermodynamics. A system is said to be in thermal equilibrium with itself if the temperature within the system is spatially uniform and temporally constant.

Systems in thermodynamic equilibrium are always in thermal equilibrium, but the converse is not always true. If the connection between the systems allows transfer of energy as 'change in internal energy' but does not allow transfer of matter or transfer of energy as work, the two systems may reach thermal equilibrium without reaching thermodynamic equilibrium.
Doris Anderson (politician)
Doris Anderson is a Canadian politician, who was elected to the Yukon Legislative Assembly in the 2025 Yukon general election. She represents the electoral district of Porter Creek North as a member of the Yukon Party.

Anderson has served on numerous First Nations boards, including the Assembly of First Nations Women's Council. As president of the Yukon Women's Aboriginal Council and a top member of the Yukon Native Women Association, she received a medal in 2024, in commemoration of the territory's 100th anniversary, for her work on addressing the issue of Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women.

Yukon Party
The Yukon Party, formerly the Yukon Progressive Conservative Party, is a conservative political party in Yukon, Canada. It is the current governing party, with a majority in the Yukon Legislative Assembly.
Moravița (Bârzava)
The Moravița or Moravica (Romanian: Moravița, Serbian: Моравица / Moravica, Hungarian: Moravica-patak); in its upper course Nanoviște) is a left tributary of the river Bârzava (or Brzava) in Romania and Serbia. Its lower course has been canalized. It discharges into the Danube–Tisa–Danube Canal, which is connected to the Bârzava, near Barice. It flows through the villages Șemlacu Mare, Șemlacu Mic, Butin, Percosova, Dejan and Moravița in Romania, and Vatin and Margita in Serbia. In Romania, its length is 47 km (29 mi) and its basin size is 435 km2 (168 sq mi).

Barice, Serbia
Barice (Serbian Cyrillic: Барице; Romanian: Sân Ianăș) is a village located in the Plandište municipality, South Banat District, Vojvodina, Serbia. The village has a population of 364 people (2022 census).