hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Beam projector
A beam projector is a lensless stage lighting instrument with very little beam spread.  It uses two reflectors.  The primary reflector is a parabolic reflector and the secondary reflector is a spherical reflector.  The parabolic reflector organizes the light into nearly parallel beams, and the spherical reflector is placed in front of the lamp to reflect light from the lamp back to the parabolic reflector, which reduces spill.  The result is an intense shaft of light that cannot be easily controlled or modified.  Beam projectors are often used to create a godspot effect.  The beam projector no longer is used to the extent that it once was, as newer fixtures and PAR lamps have created easier ways to produce the effect. A similar effect can be produced using ETC Source Four PAR fixtures with a clear lens.  A snoot/top hat can be added to control spill.

Curved mirror
A curved mirror is a mirror with a curved reflecting surface. The surface may be either convex (bulging outward) or concave (recessed inward). Most curved mirrors have surfaces that are shaped like part of a sphere, but other shapes are sometimes used in optical devices. The most common non-spherical type are parabolic reflectors, found in optical devices such as reflecting telescopes that need to image distant objects, since spherical mirror systems, like spherical lenses, suffer from spherical aberration. Distorting mirrors are used for entertainment. They have convex and concave regions that produce deliberately distorted images. They also provide highly magnified or highly diminished (smaller) images when the object is placed at certain distances. Convex mirrors are often used for security and safety in shops and parking lots.
Mladen Ivančić (footballer)
Mladen Ivančić (born 8 February 1970) is a Croatian former professional footballer who played as a centre-back. As a player, he spent seven seasons with Rijeka in Croatia’s Prva HNL. He also spent a season playing for Austria Wien. He retired from football in 2003 and has become a manager. He was Rijeka manager in 2008.

Croatian Football League
The Hrvatska nogometna liga (pronounced [xř̩ʋaːtskaː nôɡomeːtnaː lǐːɡa]; lit. 'Croatian Football League'), abbreviated as HNL and also known for sponsorship reasons as the SuperSport HNL, is a professional association football league in Croatia and the highest level of the Croatian football league system. Established in 1992, it was previously called Prva Hrvatska nogometna liga (1. HNL; lit. 'First Croatian Football League'), but a league structure reorganization from 2022–23 led to name changes for the three top league levels.
Chaotianmen funicular
Chaotianmen Funicular was a funicular railway in Yuzhong District, Chongqing, People's Republic of China, on the bank of Jialing River. As the name indicates, it was in Chaotianmen, where there used to be a ferry terminal. The construction commenced in 1983, and the line opened on August 1, 1984, National day of the People's Republic of China.
The funicular was being built to connect the pier with Chaotianmen Downtown.

As the Chongqing Raffles City, a complex of office buildings developed by Singaporean company Capitaland, started construction in 2007 in the Chaotianmen Area, the Funicular line permanently closed and was eventually demolished to make way for the development project.

However, in 2018, a new plan was proposed to build a new funicular line at the original location. This proposal is currently under evaluation.

Yuzhong, Chongqing
Yuzhong District (渝中区) is the central district and heart of Chongqing municipality. It is the capital of the municipality and is also the political, economical, and entertainment center of the city of Chongqing. Located in the central portion of Yuzhong is the Jiefangbei CBD, a leading business and financial center of western China.

Surrounded on three sides by water, Yuzhong is effectively a peninsula between the Jialing and Yangtze Rivers. Due to the limited space, its hilly nature, and the fact that it is the main central business district for Chongqing, Yuzhong contains some of the tallest skyscrapers in China and is the most densely populated district in the municipality.

During the Second Sino-Japanese War, the relocated headquarters of the Nationalist Government were located in Yuzhong.
USRA Light Mikado
The USRA Light Mikado was a USRA standard class of steam locomotive designed under the control of the United States Railroad Administration, the nationalized railroad system in the United States during World War I. This was the standard light freight locomotive of the USRA types, and was of 2-8-2 wheel arrangement in the Whyte notation, or 1′D1′ in UIC classification.

A total of 614 locomotives were built under the auspices of the USRA, with a further 641 copies built after the end of the USRA's control. The first, for the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, was completed in July 1918 and given #4500. The locomotives were considered well designed and modern, and were popular and successful. Large numbers remained in service until replaced by diesel locomotives. It was also called the McAdoo Mikado after William Gibbs McAdoo, head of the USRA.

Wheel arrangement
In rail transport, a wheel arrangement or wheel configuration is a system of classifying the way in which wheels are distributed under a locomotive. Several notations exist to describe the wheel assemblies of a locomotive by type, position, and connections, with the adopted notations varying by country.  Within a given country, different notations may also be employed for different kinds of locomotives, such as steam, electric, and diesel powered.

Especially in steam days, wheel arrangement was an important attribute of a locomotive because there were many different types of layout adopted, each wheel being optimised for a different use (often with only some being actually "driven"). Modern diesel and electric locomotives are much more uniform, usually with all axles driven.
Iochroma arborescens
Iochroma arborescens is a species of flowering plant in the genus Iochroma,  belonging to the nightshade family Solanaceae. Formerly it was considered the single species in the monotypic genus Acnistus. Common names include gallinero (= 'henhouse'), mata-gallina (= 'chicken-killer'), fruta-de-sabiá (= 'thrush-fruit'), hollowheart, wild tobacco, siyou, bastard sirio, galán arbóreo, tabaco de monte (= 'mountain tobacco'), nigüito, marieneira, güitite, and tabak djab (= 'devil's tobacco').

Dunalia
Dunalia is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Solanaceae.

Its native range is western and southern South America, and it is found in the countries of Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.

The genus name of Dunalia is in honour of Michel Félix Dunal (1789–1856), a French botanist, the genus was published in F.W.H.von Humboldt, A.J.A.Bonpland & C.S.Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. Vol.3 on page 55 in 1818.

Known species:

Dunalia brachyacantha Miers

Dunalia dombeyana (Dunal) J.F.Macbr.

Dunalia obovata (Ruiz & Pav.) Dammer

Dunalia spathulata (Ruiz & Pav.) A.Braun & Asch.

Dunalia spinosa (Meyen) Dammer
Oreta bicolor
Oreta bicolor is a moth in the family Drepanidae. It was described by William Warren in 1897. It is found in Sundaland and Malaysia.

The wingspan is about 44 mm. The forewings are greyish brown, with fuscous irroration (sprinkling) toward the costa in the outer half of the wing. The veins are paler and there is a red and yellow oblique streak from the inner margin beyond the middle, slightly curved into the apex. The marginal area has a few dark specks and the inner margin is slightly paler. The hindwings have an ochreous costa, merging into reddish. The rest of the wing is brown with traces of submarginal lines of dark specks. The cell-marks of both wings are angular.

Sundaland
Sundaland (also called Sundaica or the Sundaic region) is a biogeographical region of Southeast Asia corresponding to a larger landmass that was exposed throughout the last 2.6 million years during periods when sea levels were lower. It includes Bali, Borneo, Java, and Sumatra in Indonesia, and their surrounding small islands, as well as the Malay Peninsula on Mainland Southeast Asia.
Archaeological site of Janavartepe
The Janavartepe archaeological settlement is located approximately 700 meters north of Tainaq village in the Aghjabadi District of Azerbaijan. The site lies on the right slope of the Shirkhan Gobu ravine and is positioned atop a natural hill that rises up to 4 meters in height. Measuring roughly 120 meters in diameter, Janavartepe is a part of the Leylatepe culture of the Chalcolithic period. The southeastern portion of the settlement has sustained damage from modern bulldozing, with disturbances reaching a depth of approximately 2.3 meters. According to radiocarbon analysis, the Chalcolithic settlement of Janavartepe dates to the 39th-35th centuries BC.

Leyla-Tepe culture
The Leyla-Tepe culture (Azerbaijani: Leylatəpə mədəniyyəti) of the South Caucasus belongs to the Chalcolithic era. It got its name from the site in the Agdam District of modern-day Azerbaijan. Its settlements were distributed on the southern slopes of Central Caucasus, from 3800 until 3200 B.C.

Monuments of the Leyla-Tepe were first located in the 1980s by I. G. Narimanov, a Soviet archaeologist. In the 2000s attention to the monuments was inspired by the risk of their damage due to the construction of the Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan pipeline and the South Caucasus pipeline.
How Can I Ease the Pain
"How Can I Ease the Pain" is a song by American singer-songwriter Lisa Fischer, released in June 1991 by Elektra Records as the first single from her only album, So Intense (1991). It is written by Fischer with Narada Michael Walden, who produced it with associate producer Louis Biancaniello. The song spent two weeks at number-one on the US Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart. It also peaked at number eleven on the Billboard Hot 100. In 1992, the single won a Soul Train Music Award for Best R&B/Soul Single, Female and it also won a 1992 Grammy Award for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance. It remains Fischer's biggest and most well-known hit. In 1997, "How Can I Ease the Pain" was sampled by rap group Three 6 Mafia for their hit "Late Nite Tip".

Three 6 Mafia
Three 6 Mafia is an American hip-hop group from Memphis, Tennessee, formed in 1991. Emerging as a horror-themed underground hip-hop group, they went on to enjoy mainstream success. The group's 1995 debut album Mystic Stylez became an influential cult classic. They have released music on independent labels such as Prophet Entertainment and their own Hypnotize Minds label, as well as Relativity, Loud, and Columbia Records.

Two of their albums are RIAA-certified platinum: When the Smoke Clears: Sixty 6, Sixty 1 (2000) and Most Known Unknown (2005), with the latter featuring their hit single "Stay Fly". In 2006, the group won the Academy Award for Best Original Song at the 78th Academy Awards for their song "It's Hard out Here for a Pimp" from the film Hustle & Flow. The group's latest studio album, Last 2 Walk, was released in 2008. Three 6 Mafia's worldwide album sales stand at 5.5 million as of 2016.
Arthur Phoenix
Arthur Frederick Phoenix (5 March 1902[A] – 3 April 1979), often known as Ginger Phoenix, was an English professional footballer who played in the Football League for Birmingham, Aston Villa, Barnsley, Exeter City, Wigan Borough, Torquay United and Mansfield Town, and in Division 1 of the French League for Racing Club de Paris. He also played for clubs in Wales and Ireland.

Ligue de Football Professionnel
The Ligue de Football Professionnel (French pronunciation: [liɡ də futbol pʁɔfɛsjɔnɛl], Professional Football League), commonly known as the LFP, is a French league that runs the major professional football divisions in France and Monaco. It was founded in 1944 and serves under the authority of the French Football Federation. The current president of the league is Vincent Labrune. It is headquartered in Paris.

The league is responsible for overseeing, organizing, and managing the top two leagues in France, Ligue 1 and Ligue 2 and is also responsible for the 36 professional football clubs that contest football in France (both 18 in Ligue 1 and Ligue 2).
Pont de Vieille-Brioude
Pont de Vieille-Brioude (Vieille-Brioude Bridge) is located in France, crossing the river Allier. It is a masonry arch bridge with a span of 45 metres (148 ft) that was built in 1832.

The predecessor of this bridge on the same site was probably built in 1479 and had a span of 54 metres (177 ft), making it the longest existing arch span for some three hundred years. The bridge was ordered by local resident Lady de Dombes and built by Grenier and Estone similar to how Pont Grand (Tournon-sur-Rhône) was later built. The completion of the bridge was delayed for years because of some controversy. The bridge was too narrow, and its approaches were too steep to be used by carts. It collapsed on 27 March 1822, at 6 am.

Before any stone bridge had been built on this site, there was a wooden bridge.

Cart
A cart is a two-wheeled vehicle designed for transport. It can be pulled by humans or draught animals such as horses, donkeys, mules and oxen, or smaller animals such as goats and large dogs.

The word cart is often used incorrectly to indicate four-wheeled horse-drawn vehicles. Over time, the word "cart" has expanded to mean nearly any small conveyance without regard to number of wheels, load carried, or means of propulsion. The word car has often been modified to cart through colloquialization. For example, several small sport and hobby cars carry "cart" in their name such as pedal carts (manually pedaled), soap-box carts (gravity run), and go-carts (gas engine). Similarly, golf cars are more commonly known as golf carts.

A cartwright is a builder of carts, and a carter is the person operating a horse and cart for haulage. The surname "Carter" derives from the occupation.
2021 European Ladies' Team Championship
The 2021 European Ladies' Team Championship took place 6–10 July at Royal County Down Golf Club, in Newcastle, County Down, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom It was the 38th women's golf amateur European Ladies' Team Championship.

Match play
Match play is a scoring system for golf in which a player, or team, earns a point for each hole in which they have bested their opponents; as opposed to stroke play, in which the total number of strokes is counted over one or more rounds of 18 holes. In match play the winner is the player, or team, with the most points at the end of play.

Although most professional tournaments are played using the stroke play scoring system, there are, or have been, some exceptions, for example the now defunct WGC Match Play and the Volvo World Match Play Championship, and most team events, for example the Ryder Cup and Presidents Cup, all of which are in match play format.
Setagaya Castle
Setagaya Castle (世田谷城, Setagaya-jō) is the remains of a castle structure in Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan. Its ruins have been protected as a Prefectural Historic Sites.

It is believed that the castle was constructed by the Kira clan in the Ōei Period. Setagaya castle was a mere fortified residence when the castle was built but was expanded and fortified by Kira Naritaka in the Sengoku period.

Later, Setagaya castle became one of the castles under the direct control of the Later Hōjō clan. The castle was demolished soon after the Siege of Odawara in 1590. Setagaya castle park and Gōtoku-ji Temple are on site.

Ōei
Ōei (応永) was a Japanese era name (年号, nengō, "year name") after Meitoku and before Shōchō. This period spanned the years from July 1394 through April 1428. Reigning emperors were Go-Komatsu-tennō (後小松天皇,) and Shōkō-tennō (称光天皇).
Drag House Rules
Drag House Rules is a television series which debuted on the Canadian channel OUTtv on February 21, 2025. A scripted satire of reality competition television series, it features RuPaul's Drag Race contestants Laganja Estranja, Jujubee, Manila Luzon, Rock M. Sakura, Silky Nutmeg Ganache, and Tammie Brown, as well as The Boulet Brothers' Dragula contestant Biqtch Puddin'.

Manila Luzon
Karl Philip Michael Westerberg (born August 10, 1981), known professionally as Manila Luzon, is an American drag queen, reality television personality, recording artist, and comedian. Luzon came to international attention as a contestant on the third season of RuPaul's Drag Race and on the first and fourth seasons of RuPaul's Drag Race All Stars.

Luzon has also contributed to the compilation album series Christmas Queens.
Alexandre Savérien
Alexandre Julien Savérien (16 July 1720 – 3 May 1805) was a French mathematician who was also an expert in several other subject areas. He was born in Arles and became accomplished in both mathematics and naval engineering at a young age. in 1754, he published the Universal Dictionary of Mathematics and Physics and Histoire des philosophes modernes in 1773, where he named the nine greatest modern philosophers as Jakob Abbadie, Erasmus, Thomas Hobbes, Nicole, John Locke, Baruch Spinoza, Nicolas Malebranche, Bayle, Clarke, and Collins. He later became a member of the Academy of Lyon.

Academy of Lyon
The Academy of Sciences, Humanities and Arts of Lyon (French: Académie des Sciences, Belles-Lettres et Arts de Lyon) is a French learned society founded in 1700. Its founders included:

Claude Brossette, lawyer, alderman of Lyons, and administrator of the Hôtel-Dieu de Lyon;

Laurent Dugas de Bois Saint-Just, President of the Cour des monnaies;

Camille Falconet, future consulting physician of King Louis XIV and member of the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres;

Antoine de Serre, adviser to the Cour des monnaies;

Louis de Puget, naturalist;

Father Jean de Saint-Bonnet, professor at the Collège-lycée Ampère.

Thomas Bernard Fellon.
Rocking All Over the Years
Rocking All Over the Years is a compilation album by the British rock band Status Quo. The album contains all Quo's UK top 10 singles, including the new "Anniversary Waltz (Part One)", a medley of classic rock and roll songs to celebrate the 25th anniversary of band members Francis Rossi and Rick Parfitt first meeting each other. A second rock and roll medley, "Anniversary Waltz (Part Two)", was issued as a single later in 1990.

Rick Parfitt
Richard John Parfitt, OBE (12 October 1948 – 24 December 2016) was an English musician, best known as a rhythm guitarist, singer and songwriter with rock band Status Quo.

Parfitt began his career in the early 1960s, playing in pubs and holiday camps. He joined Status Quo in 1967 when they were looking for an additional singer. He wrote songs for the band and remained with them for 49 years. He occasionally guested with other bands, and recorded an unreleased solo album in 1985. In 2016, Parfitt temporarily retired from touring with the band due to ill health, and died in December of that year. His only solo album, Over and Out, was released posthumously in 2018.
Brigitte Scholtes
Brigitte Scholtes – born 1958 in Eschweiler, Germany – is a German radio journalist, business editor and national correspondent for German Broadcast Station "Deutschlandfunk" (DLF) from Frankfurt, Hesse, Germany.

Eschweiler
Eschweiler (German pronunciation: [ˈɛʃvaɪlɐ], Ripuarian: Eischwiele) is a municipality in the district of Aachen in North Rhine-Westphalia in Germany on the river Inde, near the German-Dutch-Belgian border, and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) east of Aachen and 50 kilometres (31 mi) west of Cologne.
Gangaridai
Gangaridai (Greek: Γαγγαρίδαι, Latin: Gangaridae) is a term used by the ancient Greco-Roman writers (1st century BCE–2nd century AD) to describe the people or a geographical region of the ancient Indian subcontinent. Some of these writers state that Alexander the Great withdrew from the Indian subcontinent because of the strong war elephant force of the Gangaridai.

A number of modern scholars locate Gangaridai in the Ganges Delta of the Bengal region, although alternative theories also exist. Gange or Ganges, the capital of the Gangaridai (according to Ptolemy), has been identified with several sites in the region, including Chandraketugarh and Wari-Bateshwar.

People
The term "the people" refers to the public or common mass of people of a polity. As such it is a concept of human rights law, international law as well as constitutional law, particularly used for claims of popular sovereignty. In contrast, a people is any plurality of persons considered as a whole. Used in politics and law, the term "a people" refers to the collective or community of an ethnic group or nation.
Symbolic culture
Symbolic culture, or non-material culture, is the cultural realm constructed and inhabited uniquely by Homo sapiens and is differentiated from ordinary culture, which many other animals possess. Symbolic culture is studied by archaeologists, social anthropologists and sociologists. From 2018, however, some evidence of a Neanderthal origin of symbolic culture emerged.

Examples of symbolic culture include concepts (such as good and evil), mythical constructs (such as gods and underworlds), and social constructs (such as promises and football games).

Social construct
A social construct is any category or thing that is made real by convention or collective agreement. Socially constructed realities are contrasted with natural kinds, which exist independently of human behavior or beliefs.

Simple examples of social constructs are the meaning of words, the value of paper money, and the rules of economic systems. Other examples, such as race, were formerly considered controversial but are now accepted by the consensus of scientists to be socially constructed rather than naturally determined. Still other possible examples, such as less empirical and more abstract concepts which underlie particular scientific theories, remain the subject of ongoing philosophical debate.
Urbinella
Urbinella is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. It was first published in Proc. American Academy Arts 39: 117 (1903).

The genus is named in honor of Dr. Manuel Urbina, at one time Director of the National Museum in the Mexican capital.

Species

There is only one known species, Urbinella palmeri, found only in the state of Durango in Mexico.

Durango
Durango, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Durango, is one of the states which make up the 32 federal entities of Mexico, situated in the northwest portion of the country. With a population of 1,832,650, the 8th lowest of Mexico's states, Durango has Mexico's second-lowest population density, after Baja California Sur. The capital city, Victoria de Durango, is named after the first President of Mexico, Guadalupe Victoria.
SS Corvus (1919)
Corvus was a steam cargo ship built in 1919 by Columbia River Shipbuilding Company of Portland for the United States Shipping Board as part of the wartime shipbuilding program of the Emergency Fleet Corporation (EFC) to restore the nation's Merchant Marine. The freighter was operated on international and domestic routes through 1944. Early in 1945 she was transferred to Soviet Union as part of lend-lease program and renamed Uzbekistan. After several months of operation, the freighter was rammed by another vessel on 31 May 1945 and was beached to avoid sinking. She was subsequently raised and towed to Portland where she was scrapped in 1946.

Deadweight tonnage
Deadweight tonnage (also known as deadweight; abbreviated to DWT, D.W.T., d.w.t., or dwt) or tons deadweight (DWT) is a measure of how much weight a ship can carry. It is the sum of the weights of cargo, fuel, fresh water, ballast water, provisions, passengers, and crew.

DWT is often used to specify a ship's maximum permissible deadweight (i.e. when it is fully loaded so that its Plimsoll line is at water level), although it may also denote the actual DWT of a ship not loaded to capacity.