hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
History of Baghdad (1638–1704)
In the history of Baghdad, the period from 1638 to 1704 began with the Fall of Baghdad after the Ottoman Empire occupied the city from the Safavid. It ended with the Hasan Pasha got power and also became the first Mamluk ruler of Baghdad on 1704. Kashik Hassan Pasha  was a first Ottoman Governor of Baghdad, and Youssef Pasha was the last

Hassan Pasha (Mamluk)
Ḥassan Pasha (Arabic: حسن باشا, Georgian: ჰასან ფაშა, 1657–1723) was the governor of Baghdad in Ottoman Iraq from 1704 until his death in 1723 and the founder of the Mamluk state of Iraq. Of Georgian origin, he succeeded Vizier Ali Pasha. He was the father of Ahmad Pasha, who succeeded him as governor as well as the grandfather of Adila Khatun, the wife of Sulaiman Abu Layla who would also take the position after Ahmad Pasha.
Jorge Crusellas
Jorge Luis Crusellas Álvarez (born July 28, 1966, in Pinar del Río) is a retired male sprinter from Cuba. He claimed a gold medal in the Men's 4x400 metres relay at the 1995 Pan American Games in Mar del Plata, Argentina.  Crusellas set his personal best in the men's 400 metres (45.65) in 1995.

1995 Pan American Games
The 1995 Pan American Games, officially known as the XII Pan American Games (Spanish: XII Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Mar del Plata 1995, were held in Mar del Plata, Argentina, from 12 to 26 March 1995. After 44 years, this was the Pan American Games' first return to the country that hosted the first Games, in 1951.
Marco Köfler (footballer, born 1990)
Marco Köfler (born 14 November 1990) is an Austrian footballer who plays for Austrian Regionalliga club FC Gleisdorf 09. He previously played in the Austrian Bundesliga for Wacker Innsbruck and in the First League for Kapfenberg.

Kapfenberger SV
Kapfenberger SV is an Austrian association football club from Kapfenberg, Styria. They won the 2007–08 Austrian Football First League and were promoted to the Austrian Bundesliga. The club was founded in 1919 as Kapfenberger SC. The name of the team is often abbreviated to Kapfenberg. The club was renamed Kapfenberger SV in 1947 and currently play in the Austrian Second League, the second level of Austrian football.
Human Science Pedagogy
Human Science Pedagogy is the branch of the Human science concerned with education, upbringing, teaching and individual growth or formation (Bildung). It is oriented to teaching and learning practice, to the relational experience of the teacher and student, to questions of ethics, history and to what it is to be human. It was the dominant approach to educational scholarship teacher education, and the philosophy of education, and in Germany from the Weimar Era to the late 1960s. Human Science Pedagogy is based on the educational work of Friedrich Schleiermacher, which was integrated by Wilhelm Dilthey into his conception of a multidisciplinary human science. It was subsequently consolidated by Herman Nohl and developed further by Otto Friedrich Bollnow, Theodore Litt, Jakob Muth and others. Human science pedagogy has endured in the work of Klaus Mollenhauer, Max van Manen and other recent and contemporary scholars.

Klaus Mollenhauer
Klaus Mollenhauer (31 October 1928 – 18 March 1998) was one of the most important German pedagogical theorists of the post-war era. His work focused on questions of critical pedagogy and the cultural and historical nature of education and upbringing. His final monograph, Forgotten Connections: On Culture and Upbringing, is available in English translation.
John Dillon (footballer, born 1942)
John Dillon (9 November 1942 – 11 August 2019) was a Scottish former professional footballer who played as a winger for Sunderland, Brighton & Hove Albion and Crewe Alexandra in the English Football League and for Albion Rovers, Queen of the South, Stranraer and Hamilton Academical in the Scottish League. He began his career with junior club Bellshill Athletic and later played for Ashfield.

Dillon went on to become a councillor in the Monklands district. He died in August 2019 at the age of 76.

Monklands (district)
55°49′44″N 3°55′19″W﻿ / ﻿55.829°N 3.922°W﻿ / 55.829; -3.922

Monklands (Bad nam Manach in Scottish Gaelic) was, between 1975 and 1996, one of nineteen local government districts in the Strathclyde region of Scotland.
John Reese (baseball)
John Edward "Bubbles" Reese (April 19, 1895 - October 5, 1966) was a Negro league baseball outfielder and manager for two years before the founding of the first Negro National League in 1920, until his final season in 1931.

In 1917, a 22 year-old Reese registered for the World War I draft. He listed his employer and home address as Morris Brown University in Atlanta, Georgia; his occupation was listed as a janitor in the Odd Fellow Building as single but with a 3-year-old child and mother listed as dependents.

Reese played for a number of teams, most notably with the St. Louis Stars, who he played for seven seasons. He also managed the team on three occasions, leading them to the best record in the league twice.

Morris Brown College
Morris Brown College (MBC) is a private Methodist historically black liberal arts college in Atlanta, Georgia. Founded January 5, 1881, Morris Brown is the first educational institution in Georgia to be owned and operated entirely by African Americans.
2010 Slovak Super Cup
The 2010 Slovak Super Cup was a football match played by the 2009–10 Slovak Superliga champions MŠK Žilina and the 2009–10 Slovak Cup winners ŠK Slovan Bratislava on July 4, 2010. The match was played in Štadión Pasienky, Slovakia. MŠK Žilina won 4-2 in penalties and earned their fourth Super Cup.

The match was attended by 1,237 viewers. Referee was Pavol Chmura, who was assisted by Erik Weiss and Gabriel Ádám.

2009–10 Slovak Superliga
The 2009–10 Slovak Superliga season of the Slovak Superliga, also known as Corgoň Liga due to sponsorship reasons, was the 17th edition of the league since its establishment. It began on 10 July 2009 and ended on 15 May 2010.

Slovan Bratislava were the 2008–09 defending champions.
Week-End Pass
Week-End Pass is a 1944 American comedy film directed by Jean Yarbrough and written by Clyde Bruckman. The film stars Martha O'Driscoll, Noah Beery Jr., George Barbier, Andrew Tombes, Irving Bacon and Dennis Moore. The film was released on February 14, 1944, by Universal Pictures.

Clyde Bruckman
Clyde Adolf Bruckman (June 30, 1894: 131  – January 4, 1955) was an American writer and director of comedy films during the late silent era, who continued working into the 1950s. Bruckman collaborated with such comedians as Buster Keaton, Monty Banks, W. C. Fields, Laurel and Hardy, The Three Stooges, Abbott and Costello, and Harold Lloyd.

Hollywood chronicler Kenneth Anger considers Bruckman to have been one of the key figures in the history of American screen comedy.
Cloghanmore
Cloghanmore (translated as "the great stone heap" is a megalithic chamber tomb of the court tomb (or court cairn) type located about 8 km east from Carrick in Malin More, Glencolmcille, in County Donegal, Ireland.

Megalith
A megalith is a large stone that has been used to construct a prehistoric structure or monument, either alone or together with other stones. More than 35,000 megalithic structures have been identified across Europe, ranging geographically from Sweden in the north to the Mediterranean Sea in the south.

The word was first used in 1849 by the British antiquarian Algernon Herbert in reference to Stonehenge and derives from Ancient Greek μέγας (mégas), meaning "great", and λίθος (líthos), meaning "stone". Most extant megaliths were erected between the Neolithic period (although earlier Mesolithic examples are known) through the Chalcolithic period and into the Bronze Age.
TT30
The Theban Tomb TT30 is located in Sheikh Abd el-Qurna, part of the Theban Necropolis, on the west bank of the Nile, opposite to Luxor. It is the burial place of the ancient Egyptian official, Khonsumose.

Khonsumose was a scribe of the treasury of the estate of Amun during the Ramesside Period. His wife Henutenkhunet is mentioned in the tomb.

Thebes, Egypt
Thebes (Egyptian Arabic: طيبه), known to the ancient Egyptians as Waset, was an ancient Egyptian city located along the Nile about 800 kilometers (500 mi) south of the Mediterranean. Its ruins lie within the modern Egyptian city of Luxor. Thebes was the main city of the fourth Upper Egyptian nome (Sceptre nome) and was the capital of Egypt for long periods during the Middle Kingdom and New Kingdom eras.

The city was close to Nubia and the Eastern Desert, with its valuable mineral resources and trade routes. It was a religious center and the most venerated city during many periods of ancient Egyptian history.

The site of Thebes includes areas on both the eastern bank of the Nile, where the temples of Karnak and Luxor stand and where the city was situated; and the western bank, where a necropolis of large private and royal cemeteries and funerary complexes can be found. In 1979, the ruins of ancient Thebes were classified by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site.
Luis Manuel Arias Pallares
Luis Manuel Arias Pallares (born 20 October 1978) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the PRD. As of 2012 he served as Deputy of the LXII Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing the Federal District.

He also held party positions. In 2008 he was elected as a member of the National Electoral Commission of the Party of the Democratic Revolution, the body in charge of conducting the party's internal electoral processes for the selection of candidates and leaders.  From November 2014 to December 2017 he was a member of the party's National Executive Committee as head of the Strategic Planning Area. In 2018, he was nominated by the party and elected Councilor of Proportional Representation in the Mayor's Office of Iztapalapa, a position he currently holds.

Party of the Democratic Revolution
The Party of the Democratic Revolution (Spanish: Partido de la Revolución Democrática [paɾˈtiðo ðe la reβoluˈsjon demoˈkɾatika], PRD) is a state-level social democratic political party in Mexico (previously national, until 2024). The PRD originated from the Democratic Current, a political faction formed in 1986 from the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). The PRD was formed after the contested general election in 1988, which the PRD's immediate predecessor, the National Democratic Front, believed was rigged by the PRI. This sparked a movement away from the PRI's authoritarian rule.

As of 2023, the PRD was a member of the Fuerza y Corazón por México (Strength and Heart for Mexico) coalition. Internationally, the PRD was a member of the Progressive Alliance. The members of the party are known colloquially in Mexico as Perredistas. In 2024, the party failed to reach the necessary percentage of votes to keep its registration as a national political party.
1963 Chatham Cup
The 1963 Chatham Cup was the 36th annual nationwide knockout football competition in New Zealand.

The competition was run on a regional basis, with regional associations each holding separate qualifying rounds. Teams taking part in the final rounds are known to have included Otangarei United, Blockhouse Bay, North Shore United, Papatoetoe, Hamilton Technical Old Boys, Kahukura (Rotorua), Eastern Union (Gisborne), Moturoa (New Plymouth), Hastings United, Wanganui United, St. Andrews (Manawatu), Wellington Marist, Nelson Rangers, Christchurch Nomads, Timaru Thistle, Northern (Dunedin), and Invercargill Thistle. It is known that unfancied side Otematata, from Otago's Maniototo district caused a surprise by reaching the last 16 stage.

Gisborne City AFC
Gisborne City Association Football Club was an association football club in Gisborne, New Zealand. Founded in 1939 as Eastern Union, the club changed its name to Gisborne City after winning the Central Districts League at the first attempt in 1967.
Tratayenia
Tratayenia is an extinct genus of megaraptoran theropod dinosaurs known from remains found in the Late Cretaceous (Santonian age) Bajo de la Carpa Formation of Argentina. The type and only species, Tratayenia rosalesi, was described in March 2018.

Tratayenia can be distinguished from other megaraptorans on the basis of three autapomorphies (unique derived features) of the front portion of each dorsal vertebra, as well as a single autapomorphy of the sacrum. Tratayenia is one of the youngest known genera of megaraptorans, having lived only about 83 million years ago.

Pubis
In vertebrates, the pubis or pubic bone (Latin: os pubis) forms the lower and anterior part of each side of the hip bone. The pubis is the most forward-facing (ventral and anterior) of the three bones that make up the hip bone. The left and right pubic bones are each made up of three sections; a superior ramus, an inferior ramus, and a body.
Eagle Island (Port Harcourt)
Eagle Island is an island and residential district within the metropolitan area of Port Harcourt, the capital of Rivers State, Nigeria. It forms part of the riverine landscape of the Niger Delta and is surrounded by creeks that connect it to other parts of the city.

Niger Delta
The Niger Delta is the delta of the Niger River sitting directly on the Gulf of Guinea on the Atlantic Ocean in Nigeria. It is located within nine coastal southern Nigerian states, which include: all six states from the South South geopolitical zone, one state (Ondo) from South West geopolitical zone and two states (Abia and Imo) from South East geopolitical zone.

The Niger Delta is a very densely populated region sometimes called the Oil Rivers because it was once a major producer of palm oil. The area was the British Oil Rivers Protectorate from 1885 until 1893, when it was expanded and became the Niger Coast Protectorate.

The delta is a petroleum-rich region and has been the center of international concern over extensive pollution which is often used as an example of ecocide. The principal cause is major oil spills by multinational corporations of the petroleum industry.
Tasian (TV series)
Tāsīān (Persian: تاسیان) is an Iranian television series written and directed by Tina Pakravan, which aired for one season on Filimo from 7 February, 2025, to 24 July, 2025. Set in 1977 to 1978, mainly in Tehran, the series follows Amir, a young and impoverished printing-house worker, who falls for Shirin—a young, wealthy customer—at first sight, and becomes determined to marry her at any cost. It received overall mixed reviews from critics.

Gilaki language
Gilaki (گیلٚکی زٚوان romanized: Gilɵki Zɵvon) is an Iranian language belonging to the Caspian subgroup of the Northwestern branch, spoken in south of Caspian Sea by Gilak people. Gilaki is closely related to Mazandarani. The two languages of Gilaki and Mazandarani have similar vocabularies. The Gilaki and Mazandarani languages (but not other Iranian languages) share certain typological features with Caucasian languages (specifically Kartvelian languages), reflecting the history, ethnic identity, and close relatedness to the Caucasus region and Caucasian peoples of the Gilak people and Mazandarani people.
Pewar
Pewar is a village located 16 km from Parachinar, the capital city of Kurram District in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Situated on a narrow stretch of Pakistani territory south of Peshawar, Pewar borders Paktia Province in Afghanistan. It is the closest point in Pakistan to Kabul and lies near the Tora Bora region. The major tribes in Pewar and Parachinar include Turi, Bangash, Orakzai, Zazai, Mangal and Para Tsamkani. Pewar is renowned for its fresh fruits, vegetables, and scenic snowfall.

Orakzai
The Orakzai (Pashto: وركزۍ) are a Pashtun tribe native to the Orakzai Agency and parts of Kurram and Khyber Agencies in Pakistan's Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. Additionally, a sub-tribe of the Orakzai resides in Afghanistan's Maidan Wardak Province. The Orakzai people predominantly speak Pashto.
Lepidophagy
Lepidophagy is a specialised feeding behaviour in fish that involves eating the scales of other fish. Lepidophagy is widespread, having evolved independently in at least five freshwater families and seven marine families. A related feeding behavior among fish is pterygophagy: feeding on the fins of other fish.

Scale (zoology)
In zoology, a scale (Ancient Greek: λεπίς, romanized: lepís; Latin: squāma) is a small rigid plate made out of keratin that grows out of vertebrate animals' skin to provide protection. In lepidopterans (butterflies and moths), scales are plates on the surface of the insect wing, made out of chitin instead of keratin, and provide coloration. Scales are quite common and have evolved multiple times through convergent evolution, with varying structure and function.

Scales are generally classified as part of an organism's integumentary system. There are various types of scales according to the shape and class of an animal.
Mary Francis Shura
Mary Francis Shura Craig (née Young; 23 February 1923 – 12 January 1991) was an American writer of over 50 novels from 1960 to 1990. She wrote children's adventures and young adult romances as Mary Francis Shura, M. F. Craig, and Meredith Hill; gothic novels as Mary Craig; romance novels as Alexis Hill, Mary Shura Craig and Mary S. Craig; and suspense novels as M. S. Craig.

She was a recipient of the Carl Sandburg Literary Arts Award in 1985, and was elected president of the Mystery Writers of America in 1990.

Young adult romance literature
Young adult romance literature is a genre of books written for teenagers. As defined by Romance Writers of America, a romance novel consists of a central love story and an emotionally satisfying ending. Early young adult romances feature a teenage protagonist, who is typically female, white, and middle-class, while books in the twenty-first century include a wider variety of protagonists.

Young adult romances were very popular in the 1950s and early 1960s, but were supplanted by more realistic young adult novels in the late 1960s and 1970s. Romances became popular again in the 1980s, although the trend at that time was toward series by publisher brand rather than individual authors. Subgenres for young adults, such as paranormal romance, evangelical romance, and dystopian romance, became popular in the twenty-first century. Parents and educators often criticized the reading of romances, but at their best, young adult romance novels celebrate relationships.
1994 Minnesota Attorney General election
The 1994 Minnesota Attorney General election was held on Tuesday, November 8, 1994 to elect the Minnesota Attorney General for a four-year term. Incumbent DFLer Skip Humphrey ran for reelection to a fourth term, ultimately defeating Republican nominee Sharon Anderson. The election marked the seventh attorney general race in a row won by the DFL since 1970. Humphrey won every single county in the state, becoming the first person to do so since Governor Wendell Anderson in 1974, and the most recent person to do so as of 2026, although Governor Arne Carlson won all but three counties in the adjacent gubernatorial election, and U.S. senator Amy Klobuchar won all but two in 2012.

Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party
The Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL) is a political party in the U.S. state of Minnesota affiliated with the national Democratic Party. The party was formed by a merger between the Minnesota Democratic Party and the Minnesota Farmer–Labor Party in 1944. The DFL is one of two state Democratic Party affiliates with a different name from that of the national party, the other being the neighboring North Dakota Democratic–Nonpartisan League Party.

The DFL controls four of Minnesota's eight United States House of Representatives seats, both of its United States Senate seats, the Minnesota Senate, and all other statewide offices, including the Governor of Minnesota, making it the dominant party in the state. In the Minnesota House of Representatives, it has a power-sharing agreement with its main political rival, the Republican Party of Minnesota, following a tie in the 2024 Minnesota House of Representatives election.
Din Mohammad
Hajji Din Mohammad also known as Azizullah Din Mohammad is a politician in Afghanistan who served as the Governor of Nangarhar Province and later Governor of Kabul Province. He is currently the Chairman of Peace and Development Islamic Party. He has been involved in the peace and reconciliation process between the Afghan Government and the Taliban and is currently the  deputy of High Council for National Reconciliation. Haji Din Mohammad comes from a distinguished Pashtun "Arsala" family. The Arsala family is part of the Jabar Khel (a subtribe of the land-owning Ahmadzai tribe). He is the elder brother of late Hajji Abdul Qadir and Abdul Haq. His great-grandfather, Wazir Arsala Khan, served as Foreign Minister of Afghanistan in 1869. One of Arsala Khan's descendants, Taj Mohammad Khan, was a general at the Battle of Maiwand. Another descendant, Abdul Jabbar Khan, was Afghanistan’s first Ambassador to Russia.

Battle of Maiwand
The Battle of Maiwand (Dari: نبرد میوند, Pashto: د ميوند جگړه), fought on 27 July 1880, was one of the principal battles of the Second Anglo-Afghan War. Under the leadership of Ayub Khan, the Afghan forces defeated a much smaller British force consisting of two brigades of British and Indian troops under Brigadier-General George Burrows, albeit at a high price: between 2,050 and 2,750 Afghan tribal militamen were killed, and probably about 1,500 wounded. British and Indian forces suffered 1,200 dead.
Council of Engineering and Scientific Society Executives
The Council of Engineering and Scientific Society Executives (CESSE) is a non-profit professional organization for executive directors and executive vice presidents of science and engineering societies in the USA.

Founded in 1977 and headquartered in Chicago, IL, CESSE's objective is to advance the management of engineering and scientific societies and to advance the exchange of ideas among professional technical societies in the United States and Canada.

Professional association
A professional association (also called  a professional body, professional organization, or professional society) is a group that usually seeks to further a particular profession, the interests of individuals and organisations engaged in that profession, and the public interest. In the United States, such an association is typically a nonprofit business league for tax purposes. In the UK, they may take a variety of legal forms.
Royal Regiment
The Royal Regiment might refer to

The Duke of Edinburgh's Royal Regiment

The King's Royal Regiment of New York

The Princess of Wales's Royal Regiment

The Royal Regiment (France)

The Royal 22nd Regiment

The Royal Australian Regiment

The Royal Regiment of Artillery

The Royal Regiment of Australian Artillery

The Royal Regiment of Canada

The Royal Regiment of Canadian Artillery

The Royal Regiment of Fusiliers

The Royal Regiment of New Zealand Artillery

The Royal Regiment of Scotland

The Royal Regiment of Wales

The Royal Regiment (The Royal Scots)

Royal Regiment of Fusiliers
The Royal Regiment of Fusiliers (often referred to as, "The Fusiliers") is an infantry regiment of the British Army, part of the Queen's Division. Currently, the regiment has two battalions: the 1st Battalion, part of the Regular Army, is an armoured infantry battalion based in Tidworth, Wiltshire, and the 5th Battalion, part of the Army Reserve, recruits in the traditional fusilier recruiting areas across England. The Royal Regiment of Fusiliers was largely unaffected by the infantry reforms that were announced in December 2004, but under the Army 2020 reduction in the size of the Army, the 2nd Battalion was merged into the first in 2014.