hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Valarie Pettiford
Valarie Pettiford (born July 8, 1960) is an American stage and television actress, dancer, and jazz singer. She received a Tony Award nomination for her role in the broadway production Fosse. She is also known for her role as Deirdre "Big Dee Dee" LaFontaine Thorne on the UPN television sitcom Half & Half.

High School of Performing Arts
The High School of Performing Arts (informally known as "PA") was a public alternative high school established in 1947 and located at 120 West 46th Street in the borough of Manhattan, New York City, from 1948 to 1984.

In 1961, the school was merged with another alternative arts school, the High School of Music & Art, while each retained its own campus. Plans for establishing a joint building for the merged schools took many years to be realized. There was opposition to the loss of PA's individual identity, but both student bodies eventually moved into a shared building in 1984, and renamed the Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School of Music & Art and Performing Arts.

Many well-known performers were trained at the school, such as Eartha Kitt, Liza Minnelli, Jennifer Aniston, Ving Rhames, Lorraine Toussaint, and Suzanne Vega.

The 1980 film Fame was set in the High School of Performing Arts, though the building was not used in filming.
Andrew of Cornwall
Andrew of Cornwall (Andreas Cornubiensis, Andreas de Cornubia, André de Cornouailles) (fl. 1290s) was a philosopher at Oxford during the 1290s.  He is thought to have introduced Parisian Modism into England, and possibly to have influenced the young Duns Scotus.  These conclusions are tentative, since we are almost totally ignorant of the details of Andrew's life, and the dates and location of his activities are not certain.

Modistae
The Modistae (Latin for Modists), also known as the speculative grammarians, were the members of a school of grammarian philosophy known as Modism or speculative grammar, active in northern France, Germany, England, and Denmark in the 13th and 14th centuries. Their influence was felt much less in the southern part of Europe, where the somewhat opposing tradition of the so-called "pedagogical grammar" never lost its preponderance.
Edward Yerbury Watson
Edward Yerbury Watson (27 July 1864 – 8 November 1897) was an English entomologist who specialised in Lepidoptera most notably Hesperiidae.

Yerbury Watson was born in British India to Joanna and George Edward Watson. He joined the North Lancashire regiment as Lieutenant in 1884 later joining the Madras Staff Corps (6 Feb 1884) and rising to become Deputy Assistant Commissary General on the Indian Staff Corps. He died from a shot fired during the Tirah Campaign.

He was a Member of the Bombay Natural History Society, a Fellow of the Zoological Society of London and from 1891 of the Entomological Society of London. His India collections are conserved by the Natural History Museum, London.

Royal Entomological Society
The Royal Entomological Society is a learned society devoted to the study of insects. It aims to disseminate information about insects and to improve communication between entomologists.

The society was founded in 1833 as the Entomological Society of London. It had many antecedents beginning as the Society of Entomologists of London.
MV Empire Drum
Empire Drum was a 7,244 GRT cargo ship that was built in 1941 by William Doxford & Sons Ltd, Sunderland, Co Durham, United Kingdom for the Ministry of War Transport (MoWT). Completed in March 1942, she had a short career, being torpedoed and sunk on 24 April 1942 by U-136.

Ministry of War Transport
The Ministry of War Transport (MoWT) was a department of the British Government formed early in the Second World War to control transportation policy and resources. It was formed by merging the Ministry of Shipping and the Ministry of Transport, bringing responsibility for both shipping and land transport to a single department, and easing problems of co-ordination of transport in wartime.

The MoWT was founded on 1 May 1941, when Lord Leathers was appointed Minister of War Transport. Following the general election of July 1945, Alfred Barnes was appointed Minister of War Transport, remaining in the post after the department was renamed the Ministry of Transport in April 1946.
Elisa Holopainen
Elisa Holopainen (born 27 December 2001) is a Finnish ice hockey winger for Frölunda HC of the  Swedish Women's Hockey League (SDHL) and member of the Finnish national team.

Holopainen represented Finland in the women's ice hockey tournament at the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing, where she won a bronze medal, and at the IIHF Women's World Championships in 2019, 2021, 2022, 2024, and 2025.

Finland at the 2022 Winter Olympics
Finland competed at the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing, China, from 4 to 20 February 2022.

Ice hockey player Valtteri Filppula was the country's flagbearer during the opening ceremony. Cross-country skier Krista Pärmäkoski was the flagbearer during the closing ceremony.

Finland's final medal haul of two gold and eight total medals, including its first ever ice hockey gold, marked its best showing since winning four golds in 2002 and nine medals in 2006.
Vila (album)
Vila (trans. Fairy) is the third studio album by Serbian recording artist Emina Jahović, which was released on 21 May 2009, by PGP RTS. Because Jahović signed a contract with PGP RTS she was banned on RTV Pink, a famous Serbian TV network that supports artists from City Records which released Emina's first two albums.

Pink (Serbia)
Pink is a private-owned national brand of radio stations and TV channels in Serbia. It is the flagship brand of the Belgrade-based Pink Media Group, which is owned by Miroslav Perišić and Željko Mitrović.
Christopher York
Major Christopher York (27 July 1909 – 13 March 1999) was a British Conservative politician.

York was the eldest son of Captain Edward York and his wife, Violet Helen née Milner, daughter of Sir Frederick Milner, 7th Baronet. He was member of parliament (MP) for Ripon from 1939 to 1950, and for Harrogate from 1950 until his resignation in 1954.

In 1966 he served as High Sheriff of Yorkshire.

His daughter Rosemary Caroline (1934–2007) married Sir Nicholas Nuttall in 1960 and was the mother of the racing driver Harry Nuttall (born 1963) and of Tamara Nuttall (1967–1997).

Ripon (UK Parliament constituency)
Ripon was a constituency sending members to the House of Commons of England, Great Britain and the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom until 1983, centred on the city of Ripon in North Yorkshire.
Emergency fund
An emergency fund, also known as a contingency fund, is a personal budget set aside as a financial safety net for future mishaps or unexpected expenses. A critical part of financial planning, it is supposed to ensure one's personal finances are prepared for any emergency so that the risks of becoming dependent on credit, falling into debt, or running out of money in general are reduced if such a situation were to occur.

Emergency funds may be used in the case of job loss, medical emergencies, automobile problems, home appliance repairs and replacements, and unplanned travel expenses.

Termination of employment
Termination of employment or separation of employment is an employee's departure from a job and the end of their time with an employer. Termination may be voluntary on the employee's part (resignation), or it may be at the hands of the employer, often in the form of dismissal (firing or sacking) or a layoff. Dismissal or firing is usually thought to be the employee's fault, whereas a layoff is generally done for business reasons (for instance, a business slowdown or an economic downturn) outside the employee's performance.

Firing carries a stigma in many cultures and may hinder the jobseeker's chances of finding new employment, particularly if they have been terminated from a previous job. Jobseekers sometimes do not mention jobs from which they were fired on their resumes. Accordingly, unexplained gaps in employment, and refusal or failure to contact previous employers are often regarded as "red flags".
Terpodion
The terpodion or uranion is a keyboard instrument which produces sound using the same friction principle as the glass armonica.
Instead of rotating glass bells a wooden cylinder is rotating. This cylinder is coated with a special mixture. 
Examples of these instruments can be seen in museums all over Europe, including museums in Copenhagen, Leipzig, Vienna, London, Brussels, Stockholm, Jevišovice and Frankfurt/Oder.

Glass harmonica
The glass harmonica, also known as the glass armonica, glass harmonium, bowl organ, hydrocrystalophone, or simply the armonica or harmonica is a type of musical instrument that uses a series of glass bowls or goblets graduated in size to produce musical tones by means of friction (instruments of this type are known as friction idiophones). It was invented in 1761 by Benjamin Franklin and produces sound similar to the Glockenspiel.
Bangladesh Small and Cottage Industries Corporation
Bangladesh Small and Cottage Industries Corporation (BSCIC) (Bengali: বাংলাদেশ ক্ষুদ্র ও কুটির শিল্প করপোরেশন, বিসিক) provides comprehensive support services to small, rural, and cottage industry of Bangladesh, particularly in the small and cottage industries sector. It was created through an Act of Parliament in 1957, which was later amended in 1992. BSCIC has country-wide institution network to provide doorstep services for entrepreneurs. Head Office of BSCIC is located at 137–138, Motijheel, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Asiatic Society of Bangladesh
The Asiatic Society of Bangladesh is a non political and non profit research organisation registered under both Society Act of 1864 and NGO Affairs Bureau, Government of Bangladesh. The Asiatic Society of Bangladesh was established as the Asiatic Society of East Pakistan in Dhaka in 1952 by a number of Muslim leaders, and renamed in 1972. Ahmed Hasan Dani, a noted Muslim historian and archaeologist of Pakistan played an important role in founding this society. He was assisted by Muhammad Shahidullah, a Bengali linguist. The society is housed in Nimtali, walking distance from the Curzon Hall of Dhaka University, locality of Old Dhaka.
Women's Royal Naval Service
The Women's Royal Naval Service (WRNS; popularly and officially known as the Wrens) was the women's branch of the United Kingdom's Royal Navy. First formed in 1917 for the First World War, it was disbanded in 1919, then revived in 1939 at the beginning of the Second World War, remaining active until integrated into the Royal Navy in 1993. WRNS included cooks, clerks, wireless telegraphists, radar plotters, weapons analysts, range assessors, electricians, air mechanics, ground transport vehicle drivers and motorcycle dispatch riders.

Rangefinder
A rangefinder (also rangefinding telemeter, depending on the context) is a device used to measure distances to remote objects. Originally optical devices used in surveying, they soon found applications in other fields, such as photography, the military, and space travel. They were especially useful for finding the range of a target, such as in naval gunnery and anti-aircraft artillery. The word telemeter is derived from Ancient Greek  τῆλε (têle) 'distant, far away' and  μέτρον (métron) 'something used to measure'.
Diarmuid Horan
Diarmuid Horan (born 1988) is an Irish hurler who played as a left wing-back for the Offaly senior hurling team.

Horan made his first appearance for the team during the 200 National League and was a regular member of the starting fifteen until he left the panel prior to the 2009 championship. During that time he experienced little success. Horan returned to inter-county hurling with Offaly in 2012.

At club level Horan plays with the St Rynagh's club.

Horan's father, Pádraig, and his brother Cathal, also played hurling with Offaly.

2007 National Hurling League
The 2007 National Hurling League was the 76th season of the National Hurling League, the top leagues for inter-county hurling teams, since its establishment in 1925. The fixtures were announced on 28 November 2006. The season began on 18 February 2007 and concluded on 29 April 2007.
Wairarapa and Hawke's Bay (electorate)
Wairarapa and Hawke's Bay is a former parliamentary electorate in the Wellington Region of New Zealand from 1853 to 1859, when it was extended into previously unincorporated territories, split in two, and replaced by the County of Hawke, with its southern portion being the newly created Wairarapa electorate. It is the first general electorate to have been abolished in New Zealand.

Wellington Region
Greater Wellington, also known as the Wellington Region (Māori: Te Upoko o te Ika), is the southernmost region of the North Island of New Zealand. The local government region covers an area of 8,049 square kilometres (3,108 sq mi), and has a population of 543,400 (June 2025).

The region takes its name from Wellington, New Zealand's capital city and the region's seat. The Wellington urban area, including the cities of Wellington, Porirua, Lower Hutt, and Upper Hutt, accounts for 79 percent of the region's population; other major urban areas include the  Kapiti conurbation (Waikanae, Paraparaumu, Raumati Beach, Raumati South, and Paekākāriki) and the town of Masterton.
Slicing Petri nets
Petri net (PN) slicing is a syntactic technique used to reduce a PN model based on a given criterion. Informally, a slicing criterion could be a property for which a PN model is analyzed or is a set of places, transitions, or both. A sliced part constitutes only that part of a PN model that may affect the criteria.

Syntax
In linguistics, syntax (/ˈsɪntæks/ SIN-taks) is the study of how words and morphemes well-formed combine to form larger units such as phrases and sentences. Central concerns with syntax include word order, grammatical relations, hierarchical sentence structure (constituency), agreement, the nature of crosslinguistic variation, and the relationship between form and meaning (semantics). Diverse approaches, such as generative grammar and functional grammar, offer unique perspectives on syntax, reflecting its complexity and centrality to understanding human language.
Gheorghe Teleman
Gheorghe Teleman (22 October 1838–4 July 1913) was a Romanian general, born in Huși.

He took part in the Smârdan attack during the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878, and was decorated for bravery. A member of the Conservative Party, he served as representative of Huși in the Romanian Senate and Chamber of Deputies, mayor of the city, as well as prefect of Fălciu County.

The 202nd CBRN Chemical Battalion, founded on 20 October 1950 with headquarters in Huși, is named after him.

Chamber of Deputies (Romania)
The Chamber of Deputies (Romanian: Camera Deputaților) is the lower house in Romania's bicameral parliament. It has 312 regular seats to which deputies are elected by direct popular vote using party-list proportional representation to serve four-year terms.

Additionally, the organisation of each national ethnic minority is entitled to a seat in the Chamber (under the limitation that a national minority is to be represented by one organisation only). As of the 2024 election, there are 19 such additional seats.
Pelagius of Oviedo
Pelagius (or Pelayo) of Oviedo (died 28 January 1153) was a medieval ecclesiastic, historian, and forger who served the Diocese of Oviedo as an auxiliary bishop from 1098 and as bishop from 1102 until his deposition in 1130 and again from 1142 to 1143. He was an active and independent-minded prelate, who zealously defended the privileges and prestige of his diocese. During his episcopal tenure he oversaw the most productive scriptorium in Spain, which produced the vast Corpus Pelagianum, to which Pelagius contributed his own Chronicon regum Legionensium ("chronicle of the Kings of León"). His work as a historian is generally reliable, but for the forged, interpolated, and otherwise skilfully altered documents that emanated from his office he has been called el Fabulador ("the Fabulist") and the "prince of falsifiers". It has been suggested that a monument be built in his honour in Oviedo.

Scriptorium
A scriptorium (/skrɪpˈtɔːriəm/ ⓘ) was a writing room in medieval European monasteries for the copying and illuminating of manuscripts by scribes.

The term has perhaps been over-used—only some monasteries had special rooms set aside for scribes. Often they worked in the monastery library or in their own rooms. Most medieval images of scribing show single figures in well-appointed studies, although these are generally author portraits of well-known authors or translators. Increasingly, lay scribes and illuminators from outside the monastery also assisted the clerical scribes. By the later Middle Ages secular manuscript workshops were common, and many monasteries bought more books than they produced themselves.
Lennon Glacier
Lennon Glacier (69°12′S 71°59′W﻿ / ﻿69.200°S 71.983°W﻿ / -69.200; -71.983) is a glacier flowing southwest into the outer part of Lazarev Bay, in northern Alexander Island, Antarctica. It was surveyed by the British Antarctic Survey (BAS), 1975–76, and was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1980 after BAS glaciologist Peter Wilfred Lennon, who worked on Alexander Island, 1974–76.

Alexander Island
Alexander Island, also known as Alexander I Island, Alexander I Land, Alexander Land, Alexander I Archipelago, and Zemlja Alexandra I, is the largest island of Antarctica. It lies in the Bellingshausen Sea west of Palmer Land, Antarctic Peninsula from which it is separated by Marguerite Bay and George VI Sound. The George VI Ice Shelf entirely fills George VI Sound and connects Alexander Island to Palmer Land. The island partly surrounds Wilkins Sound, which lies to its west. Alexander Island is about 390 kilometres (240 mi) long in a north–south direction, 80 kilometres (50 mi) wide in the north, and 240 kilometres (150 mi) wide in the south. Alexander Island is the second-largest uninhabited island in the world, after Devon Island.
Neural substrate of locomotor central pattern generators in mammals
Central pattern generators are biological neural networks organized to produce any rhythmic output without requiring a rhythmic input.  In mammals, locomotor CPGs are organized in the lumbar and cervical segments of the spinal cord, and are used to control rhythmic muscle output in the arms and legs.  Certain areas of the brain initiate the descending neural pathways that ultimately control and modulate the CPG signals.  In addition to this direct control, there exist different feedback loops that coordinate the limbs for efficient locomotion and allow for the switching of gaits under appropriate circumstances.

Neural network (biology)
A neural network, also called a neuronal network, is an interconnected population of neurons (typically containing multiple neural circuits). Biological neural networks are studied to understand the organization and functioning of nervous systems.

Closely related are artificial neural networks, machine learning models inspired by biological neural networks. They consist of artificial neurons, which are mathematical functions that are designed to be analogous to the mechanisms used by neural circuits.
R. S. Rathore
Raghuvir Singh Rathore (born 21 September 1938) is a former Indian cricket umpire and a former first-class cricketer. He stood in two Test matches between 1990 and 1993 and four ODI games between 1986 and 1991. Rathore played a first-class match for Rajasthan, in the semi-final of the 1962–63 Ranji Trophy, against Delhi.

Delhi cricket team
The Delhi cricket team is a first-class cricket team based in Delhi, run by the Delhi & District Cricket Association. It plays in the Ranji Trophy, India's first-class competition, as well as in the limited-overs competition, the Vijay Hazare Trophy and Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy. They have won the Ranji Trophy seven times and have been runners-up eight. Their latest title in 2007-08 came after 16 years. The team's home ground is Arun Jaitley Stadium.
History of the Northern Dynasties
The History of the Northern Dynasties (Chinese: 《北史》; pinyin: Běishǐ; lit. ''North History'') is one of the official Chinese historical works in the Twenty-Four Histories canon. The text contains 100 volumes and covers the period from 386 to 618 CE: the histories of Northern Wei, Western Wei, Eastern Wei, Northern Zhou, Northern Qi, and Sui dynasty. Like the History of the Southern Dynasties, the book was started by Li Dashi and compiled from texts of the Book of Wei and Book of Zhou. Following his death, Li Yanshou (李延寿), son of Li Dashi, completed work on the book between 643 and 659 CE.  Unlike most of the rest of the Twenty-Four Histories, this work was not commissioned by the state.

Eastern Wei
Wei (/weɪ/), known in historiography as the Eastern Wei (simplified Chinese: 东魏; traditional Chinese: 東魏; pinyin: Dōng Wèi), was an imperial dynasty of China that followed the disintegration of the Northern Wei dynasty. One of the Northern dynasties during the Northern and Southern dynasties period, the Eastern Wei ruled the eastern part of northern China from 534 to 550 AD. As with the Northern Wei, the ruling family of the Eastern Wei were members of the Tuoba clan of the Xianbei.
Savat Mazi Ladki
Savat Mazi Ladki (transl. My Husband's Dear Second Wife) is a 1993 Indian Marathi-language comedy film directed and produced by Smita Talwalkar and distributed by Everest Entertainment.

The film was released in Maharashtra on 30 August 1993 and stars Mohan Joshi, Neena Kulkarni, Varsha Usgaonkar and Prashant Damle in lead roles. At Maharashtra State Film Awards Film Won Many Awards Including Maharashtra State Film Award for Best Second Film, Maharashtra State Film Award for Best Actress For Kulkarni, Maharashtra State Film Award for Best Actor For Joshi, Maharashtra State Film Award for Best Supporting Actress For Usgaonkar And Maharashtra State Film Award for Best Supporting Actor For damle.

Maharashtra State Film Award for Best Supporting Actor
The Maharashtra State Film Award for Best Supporting Actor is an award, begun in 1962, presented annually at the Maharashtra State Film Awards of India to the supporting actor for best performance in a Marathi cinema. The awardees are decided by a jury constituted every year. The inaugural award was named as "Chintamanrao Kolhatkar Award for Best Supporting Actor" and was awarded to Chandrakant Gokhale for the film Suvasini.
Institute for Therapy through the Arts
The Institute for Therapy through the Art is a non-profit creative arts therapy organization in Evanston, Illinois, in the United States. It was founded in 1975 by Marilyn Richman, a drama therapist and co-founder of the North American Drama Therapy Association (NADTA), as a division of the Music Institute of Chicago, with the help of Frank Little, the director at the time. In 2015, the ITA's 40th anniversary, ITA became its own independent non-profit organization. ITA provides therapeutical services in art, drama, dance/movement and music therapy.

Currently, ITA has three locations in Evanston, Highland Park and Chicago.

Expressive therapies
The expressive therapies are the use of the creative arts as a form of therapy, including the distinct disciplines expressive arts therapy and the creative arts therapies (art therapy, dance/movement therapy, drama therapy, music therapy, writing therapy, poetry therapy, and psychodrama). The expressive therapies are based on the assumption that people can heal through the various forms of creative expression. Expressive therapists share the belief that through creative expression and the tapping of the imagination, people can examine their body, feelings, emotions, and thought process.