hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Loy Allen Bowlin
Loy Allen Bowlin (September 16, 1909 – June 14, 1995), also known as The Original Rhinestone Cowboy, was an outsider artist from McComb, Mississippi.  His artwork largely included bejeweling his clothing, Cadillac, home and even his dentures with thousands of rhinestones.  Bowlin's life and work have been acclaimed by various outsider art critics and periodicals including Raw Vision.

After his death, Bowlin's Mississippi home, the Beautiful Holy Jewel Home of the Original Rhinestone Cowboy, was acquired by the Kohler Foundation, Inc. and was moved to the John Michael Kohler Arts Center in Sheboygan, Wisconsin, where it is on permanent display.

Rhinestone Cowboy
"Rhinestone Cowboy" is a song written and recorded by Larry Weiss in 1974, then popularized the next year by American country music singer Glen Campbell, and considered to be Campbell's signature song. When released on May 26, 1975, as the lead single and title track from his album Rhinestone Cowboy, it enjoyed huge popularity with both country and pop audiences.
Lwan Nay Mal Ma Ma
Lwan Nay Mal Ma Ma (Burmese: လွမ်းနေမယ်မမ) is a 1986 Burmese musical-drama film, directed by U Tin Yu starring Kyaw Hein, Cho Pyone and Swe Zin Htaik. It was based on the popular novel "A Lal Ka Lu Sakar Wae Ei", written by Nwam Jar Thaing.

Nwam Jar Thaing
Nwam Jar Thaing  (Burmese: နွမ်ဂျာသိုင်း; also spelled Nwan Jar Thine, born Win Myint Maung, 19 November 1952 – 27 June 2020) was a prominent Burmese writer and novelist. He is best known for numerous popular novels, including Oo-daung Yin-pyan Bon Nabay Mhar Ser Yay Loh Htar Chin De (ဒေါင်းယာဉ်ပျံဘုံနံဘေးမှာ စာရေးလို့ထားချင်တယ်), Once...At University (တစ်ခါတုန်းကတက္ကသိုလ်မှာ), University In Dream (အိပ်မက်ထဲကတက္ကသိုလ်), Hnit Nar Ket Loh Tine Pin Chin De (နှစ် နားကပ်လို့ တိုင်ပင်ချင်တယ်), Alel Ka Lu Sakar Wae Ei (အလယ်ကလူ စကားဝဲ၏) and Par Kwut Kyar Nae Lapyae Wun (ပါးကွက်ကျားနဲ့ လပြည့်ဝန်း). Nwam Jar Thaing was a member of the Central Executive Committee of the Myanmar Writers Association. He was also a member of the 2012 Myanmar Academy Awards nominees and Myanmar National Literature Awards nominees.
Usdub
Usdub is a town in the Guna Yala province of Panama.  The town comprises several (at least six) small, bridge-linked islands around 600 metres (1,969 ft) off the coast.

Ustupo Airport runway 15/33 bridges between two of the islands. Another runway is onshore.

Provinces of Panama
Panama is divided into ten provinces (Spanish: provincias) and four provincial-level indigenous regions (Spanish: comarcas indígenas, often shortened to comarcas). The most recently established province is Panamá Oeste Province on 1 January 2014, and the most recently established indigenous region is Naso Tjër Di Comarca on 4 December 2020.

There are also two indigenous regions within provinces that are considered equivalent to a corregimiento (municipality).
Bogoda Wooden Bridge
The Bogoda Wooden Bridge was built in the 16th century during the Dambadeniya era. This is said to be the oldest surviving wooden bridge in Sri Lanka. The bridge is situated at 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) west of Badulla. All parts of this bridge were constructed from wood, including the nails used for fastening. The roof tiles show the influence of Kingdom of Kandy. The bridge was built across the Gallanda Oya, which linked Badulla and Kandy on an ancient route.

Kandy
Kandy (Sinhala: මහනුවර, romanised: Mahanuwara [mahanuʋərə] ⓘ; Tamil: கண்டி, romanised: Kaṇṭi [ˈkaɳɖi] ⓘ) is a major city located in the Central Province of Sri Lanka. It was the last capital of the Sinhalese monarchy from 1469 to 1818, under the Kingdom of Kandy. The city is situated in the midst of hills in the Kandy plateau. Kandy is the administrative  capital of the Central Province, and considered as the cultural capital of Sri Lanka, due to its architectural heritage. Kandy is the home of the Temple of the Tooth Relic (Sri Dalada Maligawa), one of the most important places of the Buddhist world. It was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1988. Historically the local Buddhist rulers resisted Portuguese, Dutch, and British colonial expansion and occupation.
Mac Sarbah
MacLean  Sarbah, MA, MPhil, MDes,  is a Ghanaian philanthropist and Innovator. He is currently the Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) Leader within the Global Health Office of the President at the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.

Yeji, Ghana
Yeji is a town in the centre of Ghana and the capital of the Pru East District of the Bono East Region in Ghana. Yeji is adjacent to Lake Volta. Yeji is connected by highway to Ejura and Kwadjokrom. It had a population of 29,515 at the census of 2010.

Yeji and its surroundings form the homeland of a branch of the Chumburu people, who also have a traditional area in the kingdom of Chumburung, at the other side of Lake Volta. They speak the Chumburung language, but the Yeji dialect is quite different from the one spoken in Chumburung itself. Apart from the Chumburu, Konkombas, Gonjas and others are also native in Yeji.
Ischnura prognata
Ischnura prognata, the furtive forktail, is a species of narrow-winged damselfly in the family Coenagrionidae. It is found in North America.

The IUCN conservation status of Ischnura prognata is "LC", least concern, with no immediate threat to the species' survival. The population is stable.

Coenagrionidae
Coenagrionidae is a family of damselflies, also known as pond damselflies, in the order Odonata and the suborder Zygoptera. The Zygoptera are the damselflies, which although less known than the dragonflies, are no less common. More than 1,300 species are in this family, making it the largest damselfly family. The family Coenagrionidae has six subfamilies: Agriocnemidinae, Argiinae, Coenagrioninae, Ischnurinae, Leptobasinae, and Pseudagrioninae.

This family is referred to as the narrow-winged damselflies or the pond damselflies. The Coenagrionidae enjoy a worldwide distribution, and are among the most common of damselfly families. This family has the smallest of damselfly species. More than 110 genera of the family Coenagrionidae are currently accepted.
Henry Gosnold
Henry Gosnold or Gosnell (c. 1560 – c. 1658) was an English-born lawyer who spent most of his very long life in Ireland. He sat in the Irish House of Commons and held office as Chief Justice of Munster and Deputy Admiralty judge for the same province. He is now mainly remembered for his friendship with Francis Bacon. He was also famous in his own lifetime for his wit: a few of his jokes still survive.

Irish House of Commons
The Irish House of Commons (Irish: Teach na gComóntach, Teach na dTeachtaí) was the lower house of the Parliament of Ireland that existed from 1297 until the end of 1800. The upper house was the House of Lords. The membership of the House of Commons was directly elected, but on a highly restrictive franchise, similar to the unreformed House of Commons in contemporary Great Britain. Catholics were disqualified from sitting in the Irish parliament from 1691, even though they comprised the vast majority of the Irish population.

The Irish executive, known as the Dublin Castle administration, under the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, was not answerable to the House of Commons but to the British government. However, the Chief Secretary for Ireland was usually a member of the Irish parliament. In the Commons, business was presided over by the Speaker.

From 1 January 1801, it ceased to exist and was succeeded by the House of Commons of the United Kingdom.
Odostomiinae
Odostomiinae, Odostomia snails and their allies, is a taxonomic subfamily of minute parasitic sea snails. These are marine heterobranch gastropod mollusks, or micromollusks, in the family Pyramidellidae.

Heterobranchia
Heterobranchia, the heterobranchs (meaning "different gill"), is a taxonomic clade of snails and slugs, which includes marine, aquatic, and terrestrial gastropod molluscs.

Heterobranchia is one of the main clades of gastropods. Currently Heterobranchia comprises two groups: the opisthobranchs, and the pulmonates.
Matthías Vilhjálmsson
Matthías Vilhjálmsson (born 30 January 1987) is an Icelandic international footballer who plays as a striker for the Úrvalsdeild club Víkingur. He can as well play as a midfielder. He also played for the Icelandic national football team from 2009 to 2016.

Matthías, also known as Matti Vill, has previously played for the Icelandic clubs BÍ and FH, the English club Colchester United and the Norwegian club Start.

Icelandic Men's Football Cup
The Icelandic Men's Football Cup (Icelandic: Bikarkeppni karla í knattspyrnu - Mjólkurbikarinn) is a knock-out football cup competition in Iceland.  The final is played at Laugardalsvöllur in mid-September. The winners qualify for the UEFA Europa League. The tournament was first played in 1960. Vestri are the 2025 champions.
Usmarapride
Usmarapride (INNTooltip International Nonproprietary Name; developmental code name SUVN-D4010) is a serotonin 5-HT4 receptor agonist which is or was under development for the treatment of cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia. It is taken orally.

Oral administration
Oral administration is a route of administration whereby a substance is taken through the mouth, swallowed, and then processed via the digestive system. This is a common route of administration for many medications.

Oral administration can be easier and less painful than other routes of administration, such as injection.  However, the onset of action is relatively low, and the effectiveness is reduced if it is not absorbed properly in the digestive system, or if it is broken down by digestive enzymes before it can reach the bloodstream. Some medications may cause gastrointestinal side effects, such as nausea or vomiting, when taken orally. Oral administration can also only be applied to conscious patients, and patients able to swallow.
WVRI
WVRI (90.9 FM) is a non-commercial radio station licensed to Clifton Forge, Virginia, United States, and serving Alleghany County, Virginia.  It is owned by Liberty University and it simulcasts a Christian Contemporary format, known as "The Journey," from parent station WRVL in Lynchburg. WVRI's transmitter is sited off Airport Road in Hot Springs.

Lynchburg, Virginia
Lynchburg is an independent city in Virginia, United States. Located in the foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains along the James River, it had a population of 79,009 at the 2020 census, making it the 11th-most populous city in Virginia. It is nicknamed the "City of Seven Hills" or the "Hill City." Lynchburg was founded in 1757 by John Lynch, a Quaker ferry operator and abolitionist. During the American Civil War, Lynchburg's strategic importance helped it remain the only major city in Virginia not recaptured by Union forces before the war's end.

Lynchburg anchors the Lynchburg metropolitan area, which lies near the geographic center of Virginia and is the fifth-largest metropolitan area in the state, with a population of 261,593. The city is a regional hub for education, home to several institutions of higher learning, including Liberty University, the University of Lynchburg, Randolph College, Virginia University of Lynchburg, and Central Virginia Community College.
Ife North
Ife NorthListenⓘ is a Local Government Area in Osun State, Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of Ipetumodu in the north of the area at7°31′00″N 4°27′00″E﻿ / ﻿7.51667°N 4.45000°E﻿ / 7.51667; 4.45000. The current chairman of the council is Ayoola E. Adeyeba.

It has an area of 889 km2 and a population of 153,694 at the 2006 census.

The postal code of the area is 220.

Postal code
A postal code (also known locally in various English-speaking countries throughout the world as a postcode, post code, PIN or ZIP Code) is a series of letters or digits or both, sometimes including spaces or punctuation, included in a postal address for the purpose of sorting mail.

As of August 2021, the Universal Postal Union lists 160 countries which require the use of a postal code.

Although postal codes are usually assigned to geographical areas, special codes are sometimes assigned to individual addresses or to institutions that receive large volumes of mail, such as government agencies and large commercial companies. One example is the French CEDEX system.
Nicolás Cavigliasso
Nicolás Cavigliasso (born 3 September 1991) is an Argentine racing driver who specializes in rally raid in the quads and Challenger categories. In 2017, he won the Merzouga Dakar Series in Morocco (Six Day Dakar), and he was Argentine champion of Quadcross X, 4x2 ATV Quads.

He won the 2019 Dakar Rally in the quad category from start to finish, winning 9 of the 10 stages. In 2023, Cavigliasso moved into the T4 car category ahead of the Dakar Rally, being co-driven by his wife Valentina Pertegarini. The pair contested the World Rally-Raid Championship in 2024, driving in the Challenger class. Cavigliasso finished second in the drivers' standings, as Pertegarini won the co-drivers' title.

At the start of 2025, Cavigliasso won the Challenger class of the 2025 Dakar Rally alongside Pertegarini.

Rally raid
Rally raid is a type of off-road motorsport event competed with different types of vehicles. Along with shorter baja rallies, rally raid constitutes cross-country rallying. Both the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA) and Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme (FIM) co-organise a common World Rally-Raid Championship featuring the same events and types of vehicles.

The length of a rally raid can be as short as 2–3 days to as long as 15 days with marathon rally raids like the Dakar Rally. With skill in navigation being key, the driving skill and endurance of riders, drivers, co-drivers, and machines are put to the test. The total distance covered can be between 600 km to over 5,000 km with terrain ranging from sandy dunes, forest roads, mountain roads, and dry river beds; among others.
Shehzaade
Shehzaade (transl. Princes) is a 1989 Indian Hindi-language action drama film directed by Raj N.Sippy. The film stars Dharmendra, Shatrughan Sinha, Jaya Prada, Moushumi Chatterjee, Dimple Kapadia, Kimi Katkar, Dara Singh, Danny Denzongpa and Vinod Mehra.

Shehzaade released worldwide on 20 October 1989, coinciding with the Diwali weekend. The film underperformed at the box office.

Moushumi Chatterjee
Moushumi Chatterjee (born Indira Chattopadhyay; 26 April 1954) is an Indian actress and politician known for her work in Hindi and Bengali cinema. She was one of the highest-paid actresses in Hindi films during the 1970s. She joined the Bharatiya Janata Party in 2019; she was previously a member of the Indian National Congress.
1844 Delaware gubernatorial election
The 1844 Delaware gubernatorial election was held on November 5, 1844. Whig Governor William B. Cooper was unable to seek re-election to a second term. Thomas Stockton, the former New Castle County Register in Chancery, ran as the Whig nominee to succeed Cooper. He faced former State Senator William Tharp, the Democratic nominee. Despite the state's strong financial condition, Whigs came close to losing their grip on power; Stockton only defeated Tharp by 45 votes, or 0.37%. However, Stockton died a year into his term, on March 2, 1846, elevating the Speaker of the State Senate, Joseph Maull, to the governorship, and triggering a special election in 1846. Maull, served just two months before he, too died, elevating State House Speaker William Temple to the governorship.

Joseph Maull
Joseph Maull (September 6, 1781 – May 3, 1846) was an American physician and politician from Lewes, in Sussex County, Delaware. He was a veteran of the War of 1812, and a member of the Federalist Party, then later the Whig Party, who served in the Delaware General Assembly and as Governor of Delaware.
Daviesia implexa
Daviesia implexa is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a mound-shaped shrub with many tangled stems, scattered linear phyllodes and yellow or apricot-coloured, reddish-brown and yellowish-green flowers.

Papilionaceous flower
Papilionaceous flowers (from Latin: papilion, a butterfly) are flowers with the characteristic irregular and butterfly-like corolla found in many, though not all, plants of the species-rich Faboideae subfamily of legumes. Tournefort suggested that the term Flores papilionacei originated with Valerius Cordus, who applied it to the flowers of the bean.
Hiroyoshi Kamata
Hiroyoshi Kamata (鎌田 啓義, Kamata Hiroyoshi; born April 4, 1997) is a Japanese footballer who is forward currently playing for Auckland United in the New Zealand National League Northern League.

He was educated at and played for Albirex Niigata U18 before moving to Singapore.

Northern League (New Zealand)
The Northern League, known as the Dettol Northern League for sponsorship reasons, is an amateur  New Zealand association football competition. It is a top-tier competition during the winter season, and sits at step two after then.

The Northern League includes football clubs located in the northern part of the North Island from the Northland, Auckland, Waikato and Bay of Plenty regions. The competition was known as the NRFL Premier until 2021, when New Zealand's football league system was restructured. Clubs compete each season to qualify for the New Zealand National League.
Pardubice hlavní nádraží
Pardubice hlavní nádraží (English: Pardubice main railway station) is a railway station in Pardubice in the Czech Republic. It is one of the largest railway stations in the country. It is located about 1.8 kilometres (1.1 mi) west-south-west from city centre of Pardubice, and an important railway network hub.

Správa železnic
Správa železnic, státní organizace (lit. 'Railway Administration', formerly the Správa železniční dopravní cesty – SŽDC) is the national railway infrastructure manager in the Czech Republic. Its main customers include passenger train operator České dráhy and its cargo subsidiary ČD Cargo.
Kibouo
Kibouo is a village in western Ivory Coast. It is in the sub-prefecture of Gboguhé, Daloa Department, Haut-Sassandra Region, Sassandra-Marahoué District.

Kibouo was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1,126 communes nationwide that were abolished.

Daloa Department
Daloa Department is a department of Haut-Sassandra Region in Sassandra-Marahoué District, Ivory Coast. In 2021, its population was 705,378 and its seat is the settlement of Daloa. The sub-prefectures of the department are Bédiala, Daloa, Gadouan, Gboguhé, Gonaté, and Zaïbo.
Ammonia solution
Ammonia solution is a solution of ammonia in water. Alternatively, it is known as ammonia water, ammonium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor, ammonia liquor, liquid ammonia, aqua ammonia, aqueous ammonia, or (inaccurately) ammonia.  It can be denoted by the symbols NH3(aq).  Although the name ammonium hydroxide suggests a salt with the composition [NH+4][OH−], it is impossible to isolate samples of NH4OH. The ions NH+4 and OH− do not account for a significant fraction of the total amount of ammonia except in extremely dilute solutions.

The concentration of such solutions is measured in units of the Baumé scale (density), with 26 degrees Baumé (about 30% of ammonia by weight at 15.5 °C or 59.9 °F) being the typical high-concentration commercial product.

Baumé scale
The Baumé scale is a pair of hydrometer scales developed by the French pharmacist Antoine Baumé in 1768 to measure density of various liquids. The unit of the Baumé scale has been notated variously as degrees Baumé, B°, Bé° and simply Baumé (the accent is not always present). One scale measures the density of liquids heavier than water and the other, liquids lighter than water. The Baumé of distilled water is 0. The API gravity scale is based on errors in early implementations of the Baumé scale.
HPCG benchmark
The High Performance Conjugate Gradients Benchmark (HPCG benchmark) is a supercomputing benchmark test proposed by Michael Heroux from Sandia National Laboratories, and Jack Dongarra and Piotr Luszczek from the University of Tennessee.

Frontier (supercomputer)
Hewlett Packard Enterprise Frontier, or OLCF-5, is the world's first exascale supercomputer. It is hosted at the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility (OLCF) in Tennessee, United States, and became operational in 2022. As of November 2024, Frontier is the third fastest supercomputer in the world. It is based on the Cray EX and is the successor to Summit (OLCF-4). Frontier achieved an Rmax of 1.102 exaFLOPS, which is 1.102 quintillion floating-point operations per second, using AMD CPUs and GPUs.

Measured at 62.86 gigaflops/watt, the smaller Frontier TDS (test and development system) topped the Green500 list for most efficient supercomputer until it was dethroned in efficiency by the Flatiron Institute's Henri supercomputer in November 2022.

Frontier was superseded as the fastest supercomputer in the world by El Capitan in November 2024.
Phase One (company)
Phase One A/S is a Danish company specializing in high-end digital photography equipment and software. It manufactures open platform based medium format camera systems and solutions. Its RAW processing software, Capture One, supports many DSLRs besides their backs.

PODAS workshops (Phase One Digital Artist Series) is a series of worldwide photography workshops designed for digital photographers interested in working with medium format, high-resolution cameras. PODAS is a part of the Phase One educational division. Each attendee receives a Phase One digital camera system for the duration of the workshop.

On 18 February 2014, it was announced that UK-based private equity firm Silverfleet Capital would acquire a 60% majority stake in the company.

On 17 June 2019, Phase One A/S was once again sold, this time to the Danish investment company Axcel.

Charge-coupled device
A charge-coupled device (CCD) is an integrated circuit containing an array of linked, or coupled, capacitors. Under the control of an external circuit, each capacitor can transfer its electric charge to a neighboring capacitor. CCD sensors are a major technology used in digital imaging.
Tulle musket
The French-made Tulle musket or Fusil de chasse (fu-zi dee chā-se), originally meaning "hunting gun", was a light smoothbore flintlock musket designed for hunting. A later military variant known as the Fusil marine ordinaire, or "common naval musket" was issued to the French marines during the French and Indian War and American War of Independence. French Common Muskets were typically lighter and shorter than the later Charleville muskets also manufactured at Tulle.

Ramrod
A ramrod (or scouring stick) is a metal or wooden device used with muzzleloading firearms to push the projectile up against the propellant (mainly blackpowder). The ramrod was used with weapons such as muskets and cannons and was usually held in a notch underneath the barrel.
Ilya Gershevitch
Ilya Gershevitch, FBA (24 October 1914 – 11 April 2001) was a noted Iranologist.

Gershevitch was born in Zürich to Russian parents Arkadi and Mila, who raised him in Smolensk, migrated to Germany and later fled from Germany to Switzerland at the outbreak of World War I.

Gershevitch enrolled in the University of Rome in 1933 and moved to England in 1938. In 1948, he became the first holder of a new Lectureship in Iranian Studies at Cambridge University. He became a Fellow of the British Academy in 1967 and later a corresponding member of the Accademia dei Lincei, the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters and the Russian Academy of Sciences. In 1971, he received an honorary doctorate from the University of Berne.

Gershevitch died in 2001 in Cambridge.

His work includes pioneering studies of the Bashkardi dialect, and the decipherment of Bactrian, besides contributions to Sogdian and Avestan philology, Ossetic, Elamite and Zoroastrian studies and Achaemenid history.

Bactrian language
Bactrian (Bactrian: Αριαο, romanized: ariao [arjaː], meaning "Iranian") was an Eastern Iranian language formerly spoken in the Central Asian region of Bactria (present-day Afghanistan) and used as the official language of the Kushan and the Hephthalite empires.