hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Book of Lies (Meltzer novel)
The Book of Lies is a 2008 novel written by Brad Meltzer that assumes a connection between the story of Cain and Abel and the superhero Superman, co-created by Jerry Siegel. According to WorldCat, the book is in 2,133 libraries. The book has been translated into Polish, Hebrew, Italian, German, and Korean.

Jerry Siegel
Jerome "Jerry" Siegel (/ˈsiːɡəl/ SEE-gəl; October 17, 1914 – January 28, 1996) was an American comic book writer. He was the co-creator of Superman, in collaboration with his friend Joe Shuster, published by DC Comics. They also created Doctor Occult, who was later featured in The Books of Magic. Siegel and Shuster were inducted into the comic book industry's Will Eisner Comic Book Hall of Fame in 1992 and the Jack Kirby Hall of Fame in 1993. With Bernard Baily, Siegel also co-created the long-running DC character The Spectre. Siegel created ten of the earliest members of the Legion of Super-Heroes, one of DC's most popular team books, which is set in the 30th Century. Siegel also used pseudonyms including Joe Carter and Jerry Ess.
Prince Edward Island Route 3
Route 3 is a 33 km (21 mi) long, two-lane uncontrolled access secondary highway in Prince Edward Island, Canada.  Its maximum speed limit is 90 km/h (55 mph).

Route 3, also known locally as the Montague Road or the Georgetown Road, connects the most populated part of Kings County (the Montague-Georgetown area) with Charlottetown.

Charlottetown
Charlottetown is the capital and largest city of the Canadian province of Prince Edward Island, and the county seat of Queens County. Named after Queen Charlotte, Charlottetown was an unincorporated town until it was incorporated as a city in 1855.

It was the site of the famous Charlottetown Conference in 1864, the first gathering of Canadian and Maritime statesmen to discuss the proposed Maritime Union. This conference led, instead, to the union of British North American colonies in 1867, which was the beginning of the Canadian Confederation. Prince Edward Island, however, did not join Confederation until 1873. From this, the city adopted as its motto Cunabula Foederis, "Birthplace of Confederation".

The population of Charlottetown is estimated to be 40,500 (2022); this forms the centre of a census agglomeration of 83,063 (2021), which is roughly half of the province's population (160,302).
Gram Municipality
Until 1 January 2007 Gram municipality was a municipality (Danish, kommune) in South Jutland County on the Jutland peninsula in south Denmark. The municipality covered an area of 131 km2, and had a total population of 4,860 (2005).  Its last mayor was Hans Peter Geil, a member of the Venstre (Liberal Party) political party. The site of its municipal council was in the town of Gram.

Gram municipality ceased to exist as the result of Kommunalreformen ("The Municipality Reform" of 2007).  It was merged with existing Haderslev and Vojens municipalities, as well as Bjerning, Hjerndrup, Fjelstrup og Bevtoft parishes of Christiansfeld municipality to form the new Haderslev municipality in Region of Southern Denmark.

Venstre (Denmark)
Venstre (Danish: [ˈvenstʁɐ], lit. 'Left', V), full name Venstre, Danmarks Liberale Parti (English: Left, Denmark's Liberal Party), is a conservative-liberal, agrarian political party in Denmark. Founded as part of a peasants' movement against the landed aristocracy, today it espouses an economically liberal, pro-free-market ideology.

Venstre is the major party of the centre-right in Denmark, and the second-largest party in the country. The party has produced many Prime Ministers. In the 2022 general elections, Venstre received 13.3% of the vote and 23 out of 179 seats. Following the resignation of Jakob Ellemann-Jensen, the party is led by Troels Lund Poulsen who serves as the country's Deputy Prime Minister. Since December 2022, the party has been a junior partner in the second Frederiksen government.

The party is a member of Liberal International and the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe (ALDE) and has four MEPs in the European Parliament.
Aldo R. Boccaccini
Aldo Roberto Boccaccini (born 2 September 1962 in San Rafael, Argentina) is a material scientist. He is currently a Professor of Biomaterials and Head of the Institute of Biomaterials at the Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany. He is also visiting professor at Imperial College London (UK).

European Society for Biomaterials
The European Society for Biomaterials (ESB) is a non-profit organisation that encourages research and spread of information regarding research and uses of biomaterials. Founded in March 1976, became a member of the International Union of Societies for Biomaterials Sciences and Engineering (IUS-BSE) at its conception, in 1979. It has approximately 750 members in 33 different countries worldwide (2017). It organises an annual meeting where recent developments mainly within academic research of biomaterials are presented.

Professor Nicholas Dunne is the 14th president of the ESB elected in 2023.

The ESB home journal is the Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine (ISSN 0957-4530) published by Springer. Each year a special issue of selected contributions to the annual conference is published.
Trams in Most and Litvínov
The Most-Litvínov tramway network (Czech: Tramvajová doprava v Mostě a v Litvínově) is a tram network connecting the city of Most and the town of Litvínov in the Ústí nad Labem Region. With a 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge track and a length of approximately 18.6 kilometres (11.6 mi), the system is operated by Dopravní podnik měst Mostu a Litvínova (DPmML; Transport Company of the Cities of Most and Litvínov), and integrated in the Doprava Ústeckého kraje (DÚK; Transport in the Ústí nad Labem Region) system.

This network is unique in Europe; since tram networks are typically designed to provide public transport for cities, this system is unique for connecting two towns of a combined population of less than 80,000 inhabitants.

Litvínov
Litvínov (Czech pronunciation: [ˈlɪtviːnof]; German: Leutensdorf) is a town in Most District in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 22,000 inhabitants. It is known as an industrial centre.
Robert Sidaway (actor)
Robert Sidaway (24 January 1942 – 16 August 2024) was an English writer, producer, director and actor. His credits as writer or producer for film and television include Rainbow (1996), Battle of the Brave (2004), Best Of British (1987–94) and Into The Rainbow / The Wonder (2017).

As a stage actor, Sidaway appeared in several West End theatre productions and numerous provincial and international tours, including Number 10 and The Magistrate, both with Alastair Sim. On screen, he performed in film and television, including two Doctor Who serials: as Avon in The Savages (1966) and Captain Jimmy Turner in The Invasion (1968).

Joy Division (2006 film)
Joy Division is a 2006 British-German-Hungarian film directed by Reg Traviss. The story is a fictional biopic which follows the life of a boy in Germany at the end of World War II into his adulthood in Russia and London during the Cold War. The script was written by Reg Traviss and Rosemary Mason and went into production in 2004 after completion of Traviss' short film JD Pilot in 2003, based upon the same script and which also starred Ed Stoppard in the role of adult Thomas. Joy Division was shown for the film industry at the Cannes Film Festival European Film Market and at the American Film Market in 2005. It was invited to screen at the Copenhagen International Film Festival in 2006 and was released theatrically in the United Kingdom in November 2006.
Duquette (surname)
Duquette is a French-origin surname. There are several variants, some more common amongst French Canadians. It is uncommon as a given name.

People with the name or its variants include:

Charles Duquette (1869–1937), Canadian politician

Cyrille Duquet (1841–1922), Canadian inventor and goldsmith

David Duquette (born 1949), American philosophy professor

Dan Duquette (born 1958), American baseball executive

Donald N. Duquette, American academic and child advocate

Elzear Duquette (1910–1988), Canadian walker

Gérard Duquet (1909–1986), Canadian politician

Jim Duquette (born 1966), American baseball executive

Joseph Duquet (1815–1838), notary in Lower Canada

Léonie Duquet (1916–1977), French nun

Lon Milo DuQuette (born 1948), American writer, lecturer, and occultist

Pat Duquette (born 1970), American basketball player and coach

Steve Duquette (1927–2019), American cartoonist

Tony Duquette (1914–1999), American designer for stage and film

Lon Milo DuQuette
Lon Milo DuQuette (born July 11, 1948), also known as Rabbi Lamed Ben Clifford and by his neo-Gnostic bishop title of Tau Lamed, is an American writer, lecturer, musician, and occultist, best known as an author who applies humor in the field of Western Hermeticism.
Sopa de pata
Sopa de pata is a hearty Salvadoran soup made from cow's feet, tripe, yuca (also called cassava or manioc), cabbage leaves, chayotes, sweet corn, plantains, and green beans. It may be seasoned with Mexican coriander leaves and flavored to taste with lemon or chile powder.

Chili powder
Chili powder (also spelled chile, chilli, or, alternatively, powdered chili) is the dried, pulverized fruit of one or more varieties of chili pepper, sometimes with the addition of other spices (in which case it is also sometimes known as chili powder blend or chili seasoning mix). It is used as a spice (or spice blend) to add pungency (piquancy) and flavor to culinary dishes. In American English, the spelling is usually "chili"; in British English, "chilli" (with two "l"s) is used consistently.

Chili powder is used in many different cuisines, including American (particularly Tex-Mex), Chinese, Indian, Sri Lankan, Bangladeshi, Mexican, Nigerian, Portuguese, Vietnamese and Thai.
Lac de Montsalvens
Lac de Montsalvens is a reservoir in the Canton of Fribourg, Switzerland. The reservoir has a capacity of 12.6 million m³ and a surface area of 0.74 km2 (0.29 sq mi). It was built on the Jogne river, before the gorges, and below the road to Jaun Pass, between the villages of Broc and Charmey.

The Grand Council of the canton of Fribourg decided construction of the dam on 17/18 May 1918. Designed by Alfred Stucky, the construction was completed by 1920 and in 1921 the reservoir filled for the first time.

Thanks to a forced conduct, electricity is produced at the Electrobroc power plant, located at Broc near the Cailler factory.

Jaun Pass
Jaun Pass (German: Jaunpass, French: col de Bellegarde) is a high mountain pass (el. 1508 m.) in the Swiss Alps linking Charmey and Jaun in the canton of Fribourg with Reidenbach (part of the municipality of Boltigen) in the canton of Bern. The pass itself is located within the canton of Berne.

The pass road was completed in 1878.
Agreh Bid
Agreh Bid (Persian: اگره بيد, also Romanized as Āgreh Bīd; also known as Āgar Bīd, Agārī Seyyed, and Agrī Bīd) is a village in Seyyed Nasereddin Rural District, Zarrinabad District, Dehloran County, Ilam Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 68, in 14 families. The village is populated by Kurds.

Ilam province
Ilam Province (Persian: استان ایلام) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Its capital is the city of Ilam.

The province is in the western part of the country in Region 4 and covers 20,164.11 km2 (7,785.41 mi2). It shares 425 km (264 mi) of the border with Iraq, and also borders on the provinces of Kermanshah, Lorestan, and Khuzestan.
Aidan Caves
Aidan Caves  (born 3 January 1995) is a Canadian professional track cyclist. He won the silver medal at the 2015 Pan American Track Cycling Championships in the scratch and at the 2016 Pan American Track Cycling Championships in the team pursuit also setting the Canadian Record with his teammates. Later he went on to win the gold medal and champions jersey in the Omnium at 2016 Pan American Track Cycling Championships. Back in 2014, he participated at the 2014 Commonwealth Games. In 2018, he won Silver at the 2018 Commonwealth Games He has 11 National Championship wins throughout his career, along with multiple medals at World Cups and three Pan American Titles.

National championship
A national championship(s) is the top achievement for any sport or contest within a league of a particular nation or nation state. The title is usually awarded by contests, ranking systems, stature, ability, etc. This determines the best team, individual (or other entity) in a particular nation and in a particular field. Often, the use of the term cup or championship is just a choice of words.
Chung Jae-hee
Chung Jae-hee (Korean: 정재희; born 6 April 1978) is a South Korean badminton player who affiliated with the Samsung Electro-Mechanics. She competed at the 1996 and 2000 Summer Olympics. Together with Ra Kyung-min, they were the champion at the 1999 All England Open. She and Ra were placed first in the women's doubles world ranking in 2002.

Badminton at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Badminton at the 2000 Summer Olympics was held at the Pavilion 3, Sydney Olympic Park from 17 – 23 September. Both men and women competed in their own singles and doubles events and together they competed in a mixed doubles event.
Constitutions of Ethiopia
Ethiopia has had four constitutions:

1931 Constitution of Ethiopia

1955 Constitution of Ethiopia

1987 Constitution of Ethiopia

1995 Constitution of Ethiopia

A proposed revision of the 1955 constitution was released in 1974, but it had no legal effect, and was soon forgotten in the events of the Ethiopian Revolution.

Until the adoption of the first of these constitutions, the concepts of Ethiopian government had been codified in the Kebra Nagast (which presented the concept that the legitimacy of the Emperor of Ethiopia was based on its asserted descent from king Solomon of ancient Israel), and the Fetha Nagast (a legal code used in Ethiopia at least as early as 1450 to define the rights and responsibilities of the monarch and subjects, as defined by the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church).

Emperor of Ethiopia
The emperor of Ethiopia (Ge'ez: ንጉሠ ነገሥት, romanized: nəgusä nägäst, "King of Kings"), also known as the Atse (Amharic: ዐፄ, "emperor"), was the hereditary ruler of the Ethiopian Empire, from at least the 13th century until the abolition of the monarchy in 1975. The emperor was the head of state and head of government, with ultimate executive, judicial and legislative power in that country. A National Geographic article from 1965 called Imperial Ethiopia "nominally a constitutional monarchy; in fact it was a benevolent autocracy".
Valentina Tserbe-Nessina
Valentina Tserbe-Nessina (Ukrainian: Валентина Адамівна Цербе-Несіна; born 8 January 1969) is a Ukrainian biathlete. 
At the 1994 Winter Olympics in Lillehammer, she won a bronze medal in the 7.5 km sprint, and finished 5th with the Ukrainian relay team.

She finished 5th with the Ukraine relay team at the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano.

Nagano (city)
Nagano (長野市, Nagano-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [naꜜɡano, naɡanoꜜɕi]) is the capital and largest city of Nagano Prefecture, located in the Nagano Basin (Zenkoji Daira) in the central Chūbu region of Japan. Nagano is categorized as a core city of Japan. Nagano City is the highest prefectural capital in Japan, with an altitude of 371.4 meters (1,219 ft).

The city is surrounded by mountains, the highest of which is Mount Takatsuma (2,353 m), and it is near the confluence of the Chikuma River—the longest and widest river in Japan—and the Sai River. As of 1 July 2023, the city had an estimated population of 365,296 in 160,625 households, and a population density of 438 persons per km². The total area of the city is 834.81 square kilometres (322.32 sq mi).
Valentyn Borysov
Valentyn Tykhonovych Borysov (Ukrainian: Валентин Тихонович Борисов, 20 July 1901 – 1988) was a Ukrainian composer. Borysov was born in Bohodukhiv and, in 1927, graduated from the Kharkiv National Kotlyarevsky University of Arts.

Kharkiv National Kotlyarevsky University of Arts
The Kharkiv National University of Arts named after I. P. Kotlyarevsky is the leading music and drama institution of higher education in Ukraine. The university trains about 900 undergraduates, graduates and postgraduates in music and theatre art. It enjoys Level IV accreditation, which is the highest under Ukraine's national standards, and is licensed to train foreign students.
William White (bishop of Pennsylvania)
William White (April 4, 1748 N.S. – July 17, 1836) was the first and fourth Presiding Bishop of the Episcopal Church of the United States (1789; 1795–1836), the first bishop of the Diocese of Pennsylvania (1787–1836), and the second United States Senate Chaplain (appointed December 9, 1790). He also served as the first and fourth President of the House of Deputies for the General Convention of the Episcopal Church (1785, 1789).

Archbishop of York
The archbishop of York is a senior bishop in the Church of England, second only to the archbishop of Canterbury. The archbishop is the diocesan bishop of the Diocese of York and the metropolitan bishop of the province of York, which covers the northern regions of England (north of the Trent) as well as the Isle of Man.

The archbishop's throne (cathedra) is in York Minster in central York, and the official residence is Bishopthorpe Palace in the village of Bishopthorpe outside York. The current archbishop is Stephen Cottrell, since the confirmation of his election on 9 July 2020.
Cell encapsulation
Cell encapsulation is a possible solution to graft rejection in tissue engineering applications.  Cell microencapsulation technology involves immobilization of cells within a polymeric semi-permeable membrane. It permits the bidirectional diffusion of molecules such as the influx of oxygen, nutrients, growth factors etc. essential for cell metabolism and the outward diffusion of waste products and therapeutic proteins.  At the same time, the semi-permeable nature of the membrane prevents immune cells and antibodies from destroying the encapsulated cells, regarding them as foreign invaders. On the other hand, single-cell nanoencapsulation (SCNE) involves the formation of nanometric shells around individual living cells.

Cell encapsulation could reduce the need for long-term use of immunosuppressive drugs after an organ transplant to control side effects.

Chitosan
Chitosan /ˈkaɪtəsæn/ is a linear polysaccharide composed of randomly distributed β-(1→4)-linked D-glucosamine (deacetylated unit) and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (acetylated unit). It is made by treating the chitin shells of shrimp and other crustaceans with an alkaline substance, such as sodium hydroxide.

Chitosan has a number of commercial and possible biomedical uses. It can be used in agriculture as a seed treatment and biopesticide, helping plants to fight off fungal infections. In winemaking, it can be used as a fining agent, also helping to prevent spoilage. In industry, it can be used in a self-healing polyurethane paint coating. In medicine, it is useful in bandages to reduce bleeding and as an antibacterial agent; it can also be used to help deliver drugs through the skin.
Abbasid dynasty
The Abbasid dynasty, or Abbasids, (Arabic: بنو العباس, romanized: Banu al-ʿAbbās) was an Arab dynasty that ruled the third Islamic caliphate between 750 and 1258. They were from the Qurayshi Hashimid clan of Banu Abbas, descended from Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib. The Abbasid Caliphate is divided into three main periods: Early Abbasid era (750–861), Middle Abbasid era (861–936) and Later Abbasid era (936–1258). A cadet branch of the dynasty also ruled as ceremonial rulers for the Mamluk Sultanate (1261–1517) until their conquest by the Ottoman Empire.

Al-Muqtafi
Abu Abdallah Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Mustazhir (Arabic: أبو عبد الله محمد بن أحمد المستظهر; 9 April 1096 – 12 March 1160), better known by his regnal name al-Muqtafi li-Amr Allah (المقتفي لأمر الله), was the Abbasid caliph in Baghdad from 1136 to 1160, succeeding his nephew al-Rashid, who had been forced to abdicate by the Seljuks. The continued disunion and contests between Seljuk Turks afforded al-Muqtafi opportunity of not only maintaining his authority in Baghdad, but also extending it throughout Iraq.
Slip Into Something More Comfortable
"Slip Into Something More Comfortable" is a single released in July 2000 by the British electronic group Kinobe. It features sampling from the work of Engelbert Humperdinck, primarily from the intro to Humperdinck's "From Here to Eternity" recorded in 1968.

It appeared on the album Soundphiles, released on 17 July 2000, as track 6. The music was published by Zomba Music Publishers Ltd.

The Times described the record as 'fragrant with half-remembered allusions to paradisiacal Far Eastern locations in Sixties movies, undercut with an implied melancholic realisation that all this concocted splendour is impossible, a mere musical mirage'. Kinobe would play The Big Chill (music festival) in 2001, at Lulworth Castle in south Dorset.

Lulworth Castle
Lulworth Castle, in East Lulworth, Dorset, England, situated south of the village of Wool, is an early 17th-century hunting lodge erected in the style of a revival fortified castle, one of only five extant Elizabethan or Jacobean buildings of this type. It is listed with Historic England as a scheduled monument. It is also Grade I listed. The 18th-century Adam style interior of the stone building was devastated by fire in 1929, but has now been restored and serves as a museum. The castle stands in Lulworth Park on the Lulworth Estate. The park and gardens surrounding the castle are Grade II listed with Historic England.
Anne Orford
Anne Orford FASSA is a professor of law and an ARC Australian Laureate Fellow at the University of Melbourne.

Her main focus of research are in the areas of public international law, history and theory of international law and international economic law.

She was elected a Fellow of the Academy of Social Sciences in Australia in 2016 and is a past President of the Australian and New Zealand Society of International Law, furthermore she holds the Redmond Barry Distinguished Professor title with which the University of Melbourne "recognises and rewards outstanding leaders within the University's professoriate".

She has been awarded honorary doctorates in law by the University of Gothenburg (2012), and the University of Helsinki (2017) and the Woodward Medal for Excellence in Humanities and Social Sciences by the University of Melbourne. She was awarded the Kathleen Fitzpatrick Australian Laureate Fellowship in 2015.

International economic law
International economic law is a dynamic and evolving field of international law that governs the regulation and conduct of states, international organizations, and private entities in the global economic landscape. This field encompasses a diverse range of disciplines, including aspects of public international law, private international law, and domestic law applicable to international business transactions, and domestic laws relevant to international business transactions.