hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Saulspoort
Saulspoort (also known as Moruleng) is a village in South Africa, at the northern foot of the Pilanesberg, about 65 km north of Rustenburg. It was named after a former baKgatla chief, Tsheole, called Saul by the early settlers.

It was established when Henri Gonin, a Swiss missionary with the Dutch Reformed Church preaching to the baKgatla tribe, moved to Saulspoort farm, which was owned by the later president Paul Kruger; Kruger eventually sold the farm to Gonin in 1869. In 1895 the baKgatla purchased most of Saulspoort from Gonin.

Rustenburg
Rustenburg (/ˈrʌstənbɜːrɡ/; Afrikaans pronunciation: [ˈrœstənbœrχ], Afrikaans and Dutch: City of Rest) is a city at the foot of the Magaliesberg mountain range. Rustenburg is the most populous city in North West province, South Africa (549,575 in 2011 and 626,522 in the 2016 census). In 2017, the city's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) reached ZAR 63.8 billion, accounting for 21.1% of the GDP of the North West Province, and 1.28% of the GDP of South Africa.  Rustenburg was one of the official host cities of the 2010 FIFA World Cup, being in close proximity to Phokeng, the capital of the Royal Bafokeng Nation, where the Royal Bafokeng Stadium is located. The England national football team also used this as their base camp for the tournament.
Berrister Gap
Berrister Gap (Bulgarian: седловина Беристър, romanized: sedlovina Berrister, IPA: [sɛdlovi'na 'bɛristər]) is the ice-covered 3.7 km long saddle of elevation 191 m on western Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, linking Casanovas Peak on the northeast to Rotch Dome on the southwest. It is part of the glacial divide between Verila Glacier on the southeast and Etar Snowfield on the northwest. The area was known to early 19th century sealers. The gap was visited by a field party from the British base camp Station P during the summer season 1957/58.

The feature is named after Andrew Berrister, a fictional scientist from Simon Beaufort’s novel The Killing Ship, who crossed the gap while running for help from Hannah Point to Barclay Bay.

Susanna Gregory
Susanna Gregory is the pseudonym of Elizabeth Cruwys, a Cambridge academic who was previously a coroner's officer. She writes detective fiction, and is noted for her series of mediaeval mysteries featuring Matthew Bartholomew, a teacher of medicine and investigator of murders in 14th-century Cambridge.
Malti Devi
Malti Devi (5 August 1968 – 6 September 1999) was a political and social worker and a member of parliament elected from the Nawada constituency in the Indian state of Bihar on the Rashtriya Janata Dal party ticket.

Nawada
Nawada is a town and a municipality in Bihar, India. It is also the Headquarters of the Nawada district. It is situated on both sides of the Khuri River at 24º 53’ N and 85º 33’ E. The name evolved from Nau-abad, meaning the new town. In 1845, it was established as a Subdivision of Gaya district. On 26 January 1973, Nawada was formed as a separate district from Gaya district. It is a part of Magadh Division.
Dave Williams (Iowa politician)
Dave Williams is an American politician, retired engineer, and businessman who served as a member of the Iowa House of Representatives from the 60th district. Elected in 2018, he assumed office on January 14, 2019.

Iowa House of Representatives
41°35′28″N 93°36′14″W﻿ / ﻿41.591°N 93.604°W﻿ / 41.591; -93.604

The Iowa House of Representatives is the lower house of the Iowa General Assembly, the upper house being the Iowa Senate. There are 100 seats in the Iowa House of Representatives, representing 100 single-member districts across the state, formed by dividing the 50 Senate districts in half. Each district has a population of approximately 30,464 as of the 2010 United States census. The House of Representatives meets at the Iowa State Capitol in Des Moines.

Unlike the upper house, the Iowa Senate, state House representatives serve two-year terms with the whole chamber up for re-election in even-numbered years. There are no term limits for the House.
Brazil (surname)
Brazil is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alan Brazil (born 1959), Scottish broadcaster and former football player

Angela Brazil (1868–1947), English author

Bobo Brazil (1924–1998), American wrestler

Brodie Brazil (born 1981), American sportscaster

Darren Brazil (born 1984), American TV editor, producer and videographer.

David Brazil (disambiguation), various people

Derek Brazil (born 1968), Irish footballer

Ellie Brazil (born 1999), English footballer

Gary Brazil (born 1962), English footballer

John R. Brazil (1946–2022), American professor

Mark Brazil (born 1955), English ornithologist, conservationist, author and journalist

Derek Brazil
Derek Michael Brazil (born 14 December 1968) is an Irish former professional footballer. During his career he made over 200 appearances in the Football League and represented Ireland at youth and B levels. After being spotted playing football in his home country, Brazil joined the youth system at Manchester United, making two league appearances for the first-team, and later captained the club's reserve side.

He spent time away from Old Trafford on loan at Oldham Athletic and Swansea City before leaving the club on a permanent basis in August 1992, joining Cardiff City for a fee of £85,000. In his first season at Ninian Park, he helped the side win the Third Division title and the Welsh Cup and went on to make over 100 appearances for the club before moving into non-league football in 1996 with Newport County.
Warren State Hospital
Warren State Hospital is a public psychiatric hospital established in 1880 in North Warren, Conewango Township near Warren, Pennsylvania. The original hospital was designed by John McArthur Jr. and constructed under the Kirkbride Plan. Its population peaked at 2,562 residents in 1947. As of 2024, the hospital is still active.

Residents included Nictzin Dyalhis’s first wife and Joe Root. Known staff included Penny Colman’s father and  Philipp Schwartz  as well as Dr. Hanus Jiri Grosz, a Czech-born psychiatrist who went on to pioneer the use of group therapy in the U.S.

Nictzin Dyalhis
Nictzin Wilstone Dyalhis (June 4, 1873 – May 8, 1942) was an American chemist and short story writer who specialized in the genres of science fiction and fantasy. He wrote as Nictzin Dyalhis. During his lifetime he attained a measure of celebrity as a writer for the pulp fiction magazine Weird Tales.
Victor Uwaifo
Victor Efosa Uwaifo MON (1 March 1941 – 28 August 2021) was a Nigerian musician, writer, sculptor, and musical instrument inventor, university lecturer, music legend, and the first Honorable Commissioner for Arts, Culture and Tourism in Nigeria. He was the winner of the first gold disc in Africa (Joromi) released in 1965 and seven other gold discs in Guitar Boy, Arabade, Ekassa series and Akwete music. He recorded under the name "Victor Uwaifo and His Titibitis".

Benin City
Benin City serves as the capital and largest metropolitan centre of Edo State, situated in southern Nigeria. It ranks as the fourth-most populous city in Nigeria, according to the 2006 national census, preceded by Lagos, Kano, and Ibadan.
Rais massacre
The Rais massacre was one of Algeria's bloodiest massacres of the 1990s. It took place on 28 August 1997 at the village of Rais, near Sidi Moussa and south of Algiers. The initial official death toll was 98 people killed and 120 wounded; CNN said that hospital workers and witnesses gave a toll of at least 200, and up to 400. The figure given by the Algerian government to the UN Commission on Human Rights was 238. The BBC later quoted the figure of 800 killed.

In 1997, Algeria was at the peak of a brutal civil conflict that had begun after the military's cancellation of 1992 elections set to be won by the Islamic Salvation Front (FIS). The poor farming village of Rais had mostly voted for FIS and had a history of supporting Islamist guerrillas in the region, but (according to a villager quoted by PBS) had recently stopped providing them with food and money.

Islamic Salvation Front
The Islamic Salvation Front (Arabic: الجبهة الإسلامية للإنقاذ, romanized: al-Jabhah al-Islāmiyah lil-Inqādh; French: Front islamique du salut, FIS) was an Islamist political party in Algeria. The party had two major leaders representing its two bases of its support; Abbassi Madani appealed to pious small businessmen, and Ali Belhadj appealed to the angry, often unemployed youth of Algeria.

Officially made legal as a political party in September 1989, less than a year later the FIS received more than half of valid votes cast by Algerians in the 1990 local government elections. When it appeared to be winning a general election in January 1992, a military coup dismantled the party, interning thousands of its officials in the Sahara. It was officially banned two months later. Its armed wing, the Islamic Salvation Army (AIS), fought in the Algerian Civil War against the Algerian government from July 1994 until its dissolution in January 2000.
Ninoslav Radovanović
Ninoslav Radovanović (born 6 May 1940) is a Serbian cardiac surgeon. He was born in Niš and graduated from the University of Belgrade School of Medicine. He is a member of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts.

Cardiac surgery
Cardiac surgery, or cardiovascular surgery, is a  surgery on the heart or great vessels performed by cardiac surgeons. It is often used to treat complications of ischemic heart disease (for example, with coronary artery bypass grafting); to correct congenital heart disease; or to treat valvular heart disease from various causes, including endocarditis, rheumatic heart disease, and atherosclerosis. It also includes heart transplantation.
Bundesvision Song Contest 2005
The Bundesvision Song Contest 2005 was the first edition of the annual Bundesvision Song Contest musical event. The contest was held on 12 February 2005 at the König Pilsener Arena in Oberhausen, North Rhine-Westphalia. The contest was hosted by Stefan Raab, Annette Frier, and Oliver Pocher in the green room. It was the first Germany-wide music competition in this format.

Green room
In show business, the green room is the space in a theatre, or a similar venue, that functions as a waiting room and lounge for performers before, during, and after a performance or show when they are not engaged on stage. Green rooms typically have seating for the performers, such as upholstered chairs and sofas.

The origin of the term is often ascribed to such rooms historically being painted green. Modern green rooms need not necessarily adhere to a specifically green colour scheme, though the theatrical tradition of the name remains.

Some English theatres contained several green rooms, each ranked according to the status, fame, and salary of the actor: one could be fined for using a green room above one's station.
Almah (album)
Almah is the debut album of Almah, a solo project of Brazilian heavy metal singer and former Angra frontman Edu Falaschi. The lyrics are about the different feelings of the human being and the title phonetically means "soul" in the Portuguese language. It was released in 2006, with Falaschi touring to promote the album in Brazil along with former Symbols members Tito Falaschi (his brother) and Demian Tiguez.

Kamelot
Kamelot is an American power metal band from Tampa, Florida, formed by Thomas Youngblood in 1987. The Norwegian vocalist Roy Khan joined for the album Siége Perilous, and shared songwriting credit with Youngblood until his departure in April 2011. On June 22, 2012, Youngblood announced on their website that their new vocalist would be the Swedish singer Tommy Karevik, who was first featured on Kamelot's album Silverthorn as the main vocalist, co-songwriter, and lyricist.

As of January 2026, Kamelot has released thirteen studio albums, three live albums, two live DVDs and twenty music videos.
Abdul Shakoor
Abdul Shakoor (1 January 1968 – 15 April 2023) was a Pakistani Islamic scholar and politician, who served as the Minister for Religious Affairs and Interfaith Harmony from 2022 to 2023 and was also a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan from 2018 to 2023.

Abdul Shakoor died in a Traffic collision in the Red Zone of Islamabad on 15 April 2023.

Red Zone (Islamabad)
The Red Zone is a governmental zone in Islamabad, the capital of Pakistan, which houses the highest executive, judicial and legislative authority buildings of the country. It is also where the President and Prime Minister of Pakistan reside. It also houses diplomatic embassies and federal buildings with the highest authority.

Here are a number of important buildings in Red Zone:

Parliament of Pakistan

Pakistan Secretariat

Aiwan-e-Sadr

Prime Minister's Secretariat

Supreme Court of Pakistan

National Library of Pakistan

Election Commission of Pakistan

Federal Ministries and Departments

The Red Zone also covers  Constitution Avenue, Third Avenue, and Fourth Avenue.
Il Pigmalione
Il Pigmalione (Pygmalion) is a scena lirica (lyric scene or opera) in one act by Gaetano Donizetti. The librettist is unknown, but it is known that the libretto was based on one by Antonio Simeone Sografi for Giovanni Battista Cimador's Pimmalione (1790), in turn based on Jean-Jacques Rousseau's Pygmalion and ultimately based on Book X of Ovid's Metamorphoses. Sografi's libretto was also used for an opera by Bonifacio Asioli (1796).

This was Donizetti's first opera, written in six days between 25 September and 1 October 1816 when the composer was 19 and a student at the Bologna Academy, a position acquired for him with the help of his teacher in Bergamo, Johann Simon Mayr and where his "gift for spontaneous composition flowered". It has been noted that although the comedy is "musically slender, the score, nevertheless, reveals the fledgling composer's flair for melody".

It was not performed until 13 October 1960.

Simon Mayr
Johann(es) Simon Mayr (also spelled Majer, Mayer, Maier), also known in Italian as Giovanni Simone Mayr or Simone Mayr (14 June 1763 – 2 December 1845), was a German composer. His music reflects the transition from the Classical to the Romantic musical era. In 1805 he founded the Bergamo Conservatory. He was an early inspiration to Rossini and Meyerbeer and taught and advocated for Donizetti.
Reuben Muoka
Reuben Muoka is a former Communication Editor of Vanguard Newspaper, an ex-deputy general manager of Nigeria First Mobile Telephone Operator (MTS First Wireless) and currently the director of public affairs of Nigerian Communications Commission.

Vanguard (Nigeria)
Vanguard is a Nigerian daily published by Vanguard Media, headquartered in Lagos, Nigeria. Vanguard Media was established in 1984 by journalist Sam Amuka-Pemu and three friends.
The paper currently has an online edition.

In June 1990, the paper's publication was briefly suspended by Col. Raji Rasaki, the Military Governor of Lagos State.

In December 2008, "current affairs resource" website Point Blank News published a story that alleged the wife of the publisher of Vanguard Newspapers was involved in a ritual killing. Vanguard took the reporter to court, claiming he was attempting extortion.

In December 2009,  a Niger Delta peace activist commended Vanguard for its reporting on the government's intentions, which he said helped persuade the militants to accept amnesty.
SEA Native Peptide Ligation
Protein chemical synthesis by native peptide ligation of unprotected peptide segments is an interesting complement and potential alternative to the use of living systems for producing proteins.
The synthesis of proteins requires efficient native peptide ligation methods, which enable the chemoselective formation of a native peptide bond in aqueous solution between unprotected peptide segments.
The most frequently used technique for synthesizing proteins is Native chemical ligation (NCL). However, alternatives are emerging,
one of which is SEA Native Peptide Ligation.

Chemical ligation
Chemical ligation is the chemoselective condensation of unprotected peptide segments enabled by the formation of a non-native bond at the ligation site.

Chemical ligation is usually carried out in aqueous solution. Multiple consecutive chemical ligation reactions can be used to make proteins of the typical size found in nature, i.e. with polypeptide chains containing 200–300 amino acids, produced by total synthesis.
2181 Fogelin
2181 Fogelin (prov. designation: 1942 YA) is an Eunomia asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 11 kilometers (7 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 28 December 1942, by Germany astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg Observatory in southwest Germany. In 1980, it was named for Eric S. Fogelin an assistant at the Minor Planet Center. The likely elongated S-type asteroid has a rotation period of 14.07 hours.

NASA Infrared Telescope Facility
The NASA Infrared Telescope Facility (NASA IRTF) is a 3.2-meter (10 ft) telescope optimized for use in infrared astronomy and located at the Mauna Kea Observatory in Hawaii. It was first built to support the Voyager missions and is now the US national facility for infrared astronomy, providing continued support to planetary, solar neighborhood, and deep space applications. The IRTF is operated by the University of Hawaii under a cooperative agreement with NASA. According to the IRTF's time allocation rules, at least 50% of the observing time is devoted to planetary science.
African-American presidents of the United States in popular culture
Before and after the election of Barack Obama as the first African American president of the United States in 2008, the idea of a Black president has been explored by various writers in novels (including science fiction), films and television, as well as other media. Numerous actors have portrayed a Black president. Such portrayals have occurred in both serious works and comedies.

Chappelle's Show
Chappelle's Show is an American sketch comedy television series created by comedians Dave Chappelle and Neal Brennan. Chappelle hosted the show and starred in the majority of its sketches. Chappelle, Brennan, and Michele Armour were the show's executive producers. The series premiered on January 22, 2003, on the American cable television network Comedy Central. The show ran for two complete seasons. An abbreviated third season of three episodes aired in 2006, compiled of previously unreleased sketches.

After numerous delays, production of the third season of Chappelle's Show was abruptly ended when Chappelle left the series. Critically acclaimed throughout its run, the series often satirized and examined—through dark and racial humor—race, social stereotypes, masculinity, celebrity culture, and comedy itself. TV Guide included it on their list of "TV's Top 100 Shows" and it was placed 26th on Entertainment Weekly's "New TV Classics" ranking.
Nola
Nola is a town and a municipality in the Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, southern Italy. It lies on the plain between Mount Vesuvius and the Apennines. It is traditionally credited as the diocese that introduced bells to Christian worship.

Metropolitan City of Naples
The Metropolitan City of Naples (Italian: città metropolitana di Napoli) is a metropolitan city in the Campania region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Naples. The province was established on 1 January 2015 and contains 92 comuni (sg.: comune).
It was first created by the reform of local authorities (Law 142/1990) and established by Law 56/2014, thus replacing the province of Naples in 2015. It has 2,958,410 inhabitants as of 2025, making it the 3rd most populous metropolitan city in the country.

The Metropolitan City of Naples is headed by the Metropolitan Mayor (sindaco metropolitano) and the Metropolitan Council (consiglio metropolitano). Since 18 October 2021, its head has been Gaetano Manfredi, mayor of the capital city.
Kwikwasutʼinuxw
The Kwikwasut'inuxw are one of the many subgroups of the Kwakwaka'wakw peoples of the Central Coast of British Columbia, Canada.  Their ancestral home is at Gwayasdums on Village Island, which was destroyed by the Nuxalk in 1856.

The Kwikwasut'inuxw, historically spelled Kwicksutaineuk or Kwiksootainuk and other variants, are part of two-present-day band governments, the Kwikwasut'inuxw Haxwa'mis First Nation and the Mamalilikulla-Qwe'Qwa'Sot'Em Band.  Descendants of the survivors of the destruction of Gwayasdums who found refuge with the Mamalilikulla at Memkumlis self-identify today as the Qwe'Qwa'Sot'Enox.

Memkumlis
Memkumlis or, officially Meem Quam Leese, Memkoomlish, Memqumlis, ʼmimkumlis or Miʼmkwamlis, commonly known as Mamalilaculla,  which is actually the name of the subgroup of the Kwakwakaʼwakw whose home it is, is located on the west side of Village Island in the Johnstone Strait region of the Central Coast of British Columbia.

The village is on Mahmalillikullah Indian Reserve No. 1 on Eliot Passage, which was created in 1886.  The name means "village with rocks and islands out front", or as translated by famous chief and carver Mungo Martin, "group of little islands" and by Franz Boas as "round things [islands] in front at beach".
1985 Wimbledon Championships – Men's doubles
Peter Fleming and John McEnroe were the defending champions, but lost in the semifinals to Pat Cash and John Fitzgerald.

Heinz Günthardt and Balázs Taróczy defeated Cash and Fitzgerald in the final, 6–4, 6–3, 4–6, 6–3 to win the gentlemen's doubles title at the 1985 Wimbledon Championships.

Pat Cash
Patrick Hart Cash (born 27 May 1965) is an Australian former professional tennis player and coach. He reached a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 4 in May 1988 and a career-high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 6 in August 1988. Upon winning the 1987 singles title at Wimbledon, Cash climbed into the stands to celebrate, starting a tradition that has continued ever since.
DKOI
DKOI (Russian: ДКОИ, Двоичный Код Обработки Информации, "Binary Code for Information Processing") is an EBCDIC encoding for Russian Cyrillic. It is a Telegraphy-based encoding used in ES EVM mainframes. It has been defined by several standards: GOST 19768-74 / ST SEV 358-76, ST SEV 358-88 / GOST 19768-93, CSN 36 9103.

GOST
GOST (Russian: ГОСТ) refers to a set of international technical standards maintained by the Euro-Asian Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification (EASC), a regional standards organization operating under the auspices of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS).

All sorts of regulated standards are included, with examples ranging from charting rules for design documentation to recipes and nutritional facts of Soviet-era brand names. The latter have become generic, but may only be sold under the label if the technical standard is followed, or renamed if they are reformulated.
Canoe Creek clubshell
The Canoe Creek clubshell (Pleurobema athearni), also known as the Canoe Creek pigtoe, is an endangered species of freshwater mussel, an aquatic bivalve mollusc in the family Unionidae, the river mussels.

This species is endemic to the United States, only occurring in Alabama in the watershed of Big Canoe Creek, a tributary of the Coosa River.

The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service listed the species as endangered in July 2022.

Coosa River
The Coosa River is a tributary of the Alabama River in the U.S. states of Alabama and Georgia. The river is about 280 miles (450 km) long.

The Coosa River begins at the confluence of the Oostanaula and Etowah rivers in Rome, Georgia, and ends just northeast of the Alabama state capital, Montgomery, where it joins the Tallapoosa River to form the Alabama River just south of Wetumpka. Around 90% of the Coosa River's length is located in Alabama.  Coosa County, Alabama and Etowah County, Alabama are located on the Coosa River.

The Coosa is one of Alabama's most developed rivers. Most of the river has been impounded, with Alabama Power, a unit of the Southern Company, owning seven dams and powerhouses on the Coosa River. The dams produce hydroelectric power, but they are costly to some species endemic to the Coosa River.