hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jefferson P. Casady
Jefferson P. Casady (September 1, 1823 – April 27, 1892) was an American pioneer, real estate businessman, judge, lawyer, and state senator in Iowa. Casady and his siblings, including his brothers Phineas and Samuel, were members of the influential Casady family of bankers, politicians, landowners, and farmers who had a strong impact on the early history and legislation of Iowa. The Casady family were some of the earliest white settlers of Pottawattamie County.

Pottawattamie County, Iowa
Pottawattamie County (/ˌpɑːtəˈwɑːtəmiː/) is a county located in the U.S. state of Iowa. At the 2020 census, its population was 93,667, and was estimated to be 93,529 in 2024, making it the tenth-most populous county in Iowa. The county takes its name from the Potawatomi Native American tribe. The county seat and the largest city is Council Bluffs.

Pottawattamie County is included in the Omaha–Council Bluffs, NE–IA metropolitan statistical area.
Frank Fuller (baseball)
Frank Edward Fuller [Rabbit] (January 1, 1893 – October 29, 1965) was a backup infielder in Major League Baseball, playing mainly at second base from 1915 through 1923 for the Detroit Tigers (1915–1916) and Boston Red Sox (1923). Listed at 5 ft 7 in (1.70 m), 150 lb., Fuller was a switch-hitter and threw right-handed. He was born in Detroit, Michigan.

In a three-season career, Fuller was a .175 hitter (11-for-63) with 11 runs, three RBI, and six stolen bases in 40 games. He did not have any extra-base hits in his major league career.

Fuller died in  Warren, Michigan, at the age of 72.

Warren, Michigan
Warren is a city in Macomb County in the U.S. state of Michigan. An inner-ring suburb of Detroit, Warren borders Detroit to the north, roughly 13 miles (20.9 km) north of downtown Detroit. The population was 139,387 at the 2020 census, making Warren the largest community in Macomb County, the third-largest city in Michigan, and Detroit's largest suburb.

The city is home to a wide variety of businesses, including the General Motors Technical Center, the United States Army Detroit Arsenal, home of the United States Army TACOM Life Cycle Management Command and the Tank Automotive Research, Development and Engineering Center (TARDEC), and the headquarters of Asset Acceptance.
Harry Woodburn Chase
Harry Woodburn Chase (April 11, 1883 – April 20, 1955) was the 12th President of the University of North Carolina (1919–1930), the 7th President of the University of Illinois (1930–1933), and the 8th President of New York University (1933–1951).

University of Illinois System
The University of Illinois System is a system of public universities in the U.S. state of Illinois, consisting of three campuses located in Chicago, Springfield, and Urbana-Champaign. Across all campuses, the University of Illinois System enrolls more than 101,000 students. It had an operating budget of $7.18 billion in 2021. Its oldest university, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, was established as the state's land grant university in 1867.
Mingrelian grammar
Mingrelian is a Kartvelian language from the Caucasus. Like other languages in the area, it contains a large number of grammatical cases and shows ergative alignment. Mingrelian is mostly agglutinative in terms of morphological inflection, although it has no grammatical gender or noun classes, unlike neighbouring Caucasian languages from the Nakh-Dagestanian family. Mingrelian verbs index numerous tense-aspect-moods, with traces of evidentiality indexation.

Mingrelian has two dialects: Zugdidi-Samurzakano (northwestern) and Senaki-Martvili (southeastern).

Grammatical gender
In linguistics, a grammatical gender system is a specific form of a noun class system, where nouns are assigned to gender categories that are often not related to the real-world qualities of the entities denoted by those nouns. In languages with grammatical gender, most or all nouns inherently carry one value of the grammatical category called gender. The values present in a given language, of which there are usually two or three, are called the genders of that language. Determiners, adjectives, and pronouns also change their form depending on the noun to which they refer.

According to one estimate, gender is used in approximately half of the world's languages.
Joel Warner
Joel Warner is an American author and journalist. He is the managing editor of The Lever investigative news outlet, and formerly worked as a staff writer for International Business Times and Westword. He has also written for Esquire, Wired, Men's Health, Men's Journal, Bloomberg Businessweek, The Boston Globe, Slate, Grantland, and other publications. He is co-author of The Humor Code: A Global Search For What Makes Things Funny, and the forthcoming The Curse of the Marquis: A Notorious Scoundrel, A Mythical Manuscript, And The Biggest Scandal In Literary History.

Men's Health
Men's Health (MH), published by Hearst, is the world's largest men's magazine brand, with 35 editions in 59 countries; it is the bestselling men's magazine on American newsstands.

Started as a men's health magazine by Rodale, Inc. in Emmaus, Pennsylvania, the magazine currently covers various men's lifestyle topics such as fitness, nutrition, fashion and sexuality. The magazine's website, MensHealth.com, averages over 118 million page views a month.
Patrick Robert Sydnor Log Cabin
Patrick Robert "Parker" Sydnor Log Cabin sits on a historic site located in Clarksville, Virginia. The construction of the cabin suggests that it was built during the antebellum period. A 1+1⁄2-story log building with a gable roof, the cabin consists of one room with a loft above, and a brick and stone chimney. Also found on the northwest side of the property is a wood storage shed, a chicken house, and an outhouse, dating from around 1930.

Outhouse
An outhouse — known variously across the English-speaking world otherwise as bog, dunny, long-drop, or privy — is a small structure, separate from a house or main building, which covers a toilet. This is typically either a pit latrine or a bucket toilet, but other forms of dry (non-flushing) toilets may be encountered. The term may also be used to denote the toilet itself, not just the structure.

Outhouses were in use in cities of developed countries (e.g. Australia) well into the second half of the twentieth century. They are still common in rural areas and also in cities of developing countries. Outhouses that are covering pit latrines in densely populated areas can cause groundwater pollution.
Black Kat Kustoms
Black Kat Kustoms is an American clothing line and custom parts shop based in Santa Ana, California. The company specializes in custom car, hot rod, and chopper clothing. The clothing line consists of mostly T-shirts, hooded sweatshirts, and beanie caps.

Chopper (motorcycle)
A chopper is a type of custom motorcycle which emerged in California in the late 1950s. A chopper employs modified steering angles and lengthened forks for a stretched-out appearance. It can be built from an original motorcycle which is modified ("chopped") or built from scratch. Some of the characteristic features of choppers are long front ends with extended forks often coupled with an increased rake angle, hardtail frames (frames without rear suspension), very tall "ape hanger" or very short "drag" handlebars, lengthened or stretched frames, and larger than stock front wheel. To be considered a chopper a motorcycle frame must be cut and welded at some point, hence the name. The "sissy bar," a set of tubes that connect the rear fender with the frame, is a signature feature on choppers when extended several feet high.

Two famous examples of the chopper are customised Harley-Davidsons, the "Captain America" and "Billy Bike," seen in the 1969 film Easy Rider.
Oscar Azócar
Oscar Gregorio Azócar (February 21, 1965 – June 14, 2010) was a Venezuelan left fielder in Major League Baseball who played  for the New York Yankees (1990) and San Diego Padres (1991-'92). Listed at 6' 1", 170 lb., Azócar batted and threw left-handed. In 202 career games, Azócar recorded a batting average of .226 and accumulated 10 stolen bases, and 36 runs batted in (RBI).

Left fielder
In baseball, a left fielder, abbreviated LF, is an outfielder who plays defense in left field. Left field is the area of the outfield to the left of a person standing at home plate and facing towards the pitcher's mound. In the numbering system used to record defensive plays, the left fielder is assigned the number seven.
Jorge B. Vargas
Jorge Bartolomé Vargas y Celis (August 24, 1890 – February 22, 1980) was a Filipino lawyer, diplomat and youth advocate born in Bago, Negros Occidental, Philippines. He graduated valedictorian from Negros Occidental High School in 1909 and obtained a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1911 and a Bachelor of Law degree with honors in 1914, both from the University of the Philippines. He was a founding member of the Philippine Amateur Athletic Federation (now the Philippine Olympic Committee) in 1911 and served in its executive committee in 1918. He served as its second chairman from 1935 to 1955. He was also the first Filipino member of the International Olympic Committee.

Valedictorian
Valedictorian is an academic title for the highest-performing student of a graduating class of an academic institution in the United States and Canada.

The valedictorian is generally determined by an academic institution's grade point average (GPA) system but other methods of selection may be factored in such as volunteer work, scholastic awards, research, and extra-curricular activity.
Zamindar (1952 film)
Zamindar is a 1952 Indian Tamil-language film directed by P. V. Krishnan and written by Jalakantapuram. The film was jointly produced by Jupiter Pictures and Sangeetha Pictures. It stars S. A. Nataraj and Madhuri Devi. The film was released on 30 August 1952, and was commercially unsuccessful.

Madhuri Devi
Madhuri Devi (19 September 1927 – June 1990) was a lead actress in Tamil films from the late 1940s until the 1950s. She has paired opposite leading heroes like M. K. Thyagaraja Bhagavathar and M. G. R and known for acting in the films Manthiri Kumari, Marmayogi, (1951), and Devaki (1951).
Keeneyville, Illinois
Keeneyville is an unincorporated community in DuPage County, Illinois, United States. Keeneyville is located in Bloomingdale Township, along the southern borders of Hanover Park and Roselle on Gary Avenue, just south of Lake Street (U.S. Route 20).

Keeneyville is named after Albert Keeney, an early settler and pioneer developer.

Keeneyville School District 20 is the area elementary school district.

Roselle, Illinois
Roselle is a suburb of Chicago and is a village located in both DuPage County and Cook in Illinois. Roselle was first incorporated in 1922 as a bedroom community, with its train stop attracting residents commuting to Chicago or nearby suburbs for their jobs.  As of the 2020 census, the village's population was 22,897.
William H. Austin
William Harvey Austin (October 22, 1859 – October 15, 1922) was an American politician and lawyer.

Born in Binghamton, New York, Austin moved to Portage, Wisconsin, in 1869 and then permanently settled in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, in 1871. He went to the Milwaukee public schools. Austin studied law and was admitted to the Wisconsin bar in 1879. He served as counsel for the Wisconsin Brewers' Association and the United States Brewers' Association. Austin served as assistant district attorney for Milwaukee County, Wisconsin and as school commissioner. He also served as assistant city attorney and city attorney for the City of Milwaukee. In 1893, Austin served in the Wisconsin State Assembly and was a Republican. Then from 1895 to 1899, Austin served in the Wisconsin State Senate. Austin died at his home in Milwaukee from stomach trouble.

Portage, Wisconsin
Portage is a city in Columbia County, Wisconsin, United States, and its county seat. The population was 10,581 at the 2020 census, making it the largest city in Columbia County. It is part of the Madison metropolitan area.

Portage was named for the Fox–Wisconsin Waterway, a portage between the Fox River and the Wisconsin River, which was recognized by Jacques Marquette and Louis Joliet during their discovery of a route to the Mississippi River in 1673. The city's slogan is "Where the North Begins."
Spasatel
Spasatel (Russian: Спасатель "Rescuer", "Lifesaver", Project 9038) is a ground-effect vehicle, originally planned by the Soviet Ministry of Defense. The vehicle was intended to serve as the missile carrier of the project Lun-class ekranoplan, but was then converted into an ambulance craft. Following the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, construction was halted and the vehicle was never completed.

By 2018, Russia had revived the 600-metric-ton-maximum-takeoff-weight (1,300,000 lb; 600,000 kg) project, with plans to use it for search and rescue operations in the Arctic and Pacific, as well as cargo and troop delivery (up to 550 troops) to remote military bases.

Ministry of Defense (Soviet Union)
The Ministry of Defense (Minoboron; Russian: Министерство обороны СССР) was a government ministry in the Soviet Union, which supervised the Soviet Armed Forces. The first Minister of Defense was Nikolai Bulganin, starting in 1953.
Dream Tactix
Dream Tactix is the fifth studio album by J-pop duo Two-Mix, released as the duo's final album under King Records on September 23, 1998. It includes the singles "Beat of Destiny" (ending theme of the TV Asahi variety show U-chan Nan-chan no Honō no Challenger Kore ga Dekitara Hyakuman-en!!) and "Last Impression" (ending theme of the anime theatrical compilation Gundam Wing: Endless Waltz Special Edition).

The album peaked at No. 6 on Oricon's weekly albums chart.

Last Impression
"Last Impression" is the 12th single by J-pop duo Two-Mix, released by King Records on July 23, 1998. Composed by the duo of Shiina Nagano and Minami Takayama, the song was used as the ending theme of the anime theatrical compilation Gundam Wing: Endless Waltz Special Edition. It was also the duo's final single under King Records.

The single peaked at No. 8 on Oricon's weekly singles chart and sold over 107,000 copies.
HMS Raisonnable
Two ships of the Royal Navy have been named HMS Raisonnable, French for "reasonable":

HMS Raisonnable (1758), originally a French vessel, the first ship to bear the name was a 64-gun third-rate ship of the line. She was captured by the Royal Navy ships HMS Dorsetshire and HMS Achilles on 29 May 1758. She was lost off Martinique on 3 February 1762.

HMS Raisonnable (1768), built at Chatham Dockyard and launched in 1768, was a 64-gun third-rate ship of the line. She was the first ship that the future Lord Nelson served aboard. She took part in the Battle of Copenhagen and the Battle of Cape Finisterre (1805). She was broken up at Sheerness in 1815.

Battle of Cape Finisterre (1805)
In the Battle of Cape Finisterre (22 July 1805) off Galicia, Spain, the British fleet under Admiral Robert Calder fought an indecisive naval battle against the combined Franco-Spanish fleet which was returning from the West Indies. In the ensuing battle the British captured two Spanish ships of the line, but failed to prevent the joining of French Admiral Pierre-Charles Villeneuve's fleet to the squadron of Ferrol and to strike the shattering blow that would have freed Great Britain from the danger of an invasion. Calder was later court-martialled and severely reprimanded for his failure and for avoiding the renewal of the engagement on 23 and 24 July. At the same time, in the aftermath Villeneuve elected not to continue on to Brest, where his fleet could have joined with other French ships to clear the English Channel for an invasion of Great Britain.
United States 2022 FIFA World Cup bid
The United States Soccer Federation submitted a bid with the hope of hosting the 2022 FIFA World Cup. U.S. Soccer first said in February 2007 that it would put forth a bid for the 2018 World Cup. On January 28, 2009, U.S. Soccer announced that it would submit bids for both the 2018 and 2022 Cups. In October 2010 it withdrew from the 2018 bid process to focus on winning the 2022 edition.  On December 2, 2010, it was announced that Qatar would be the host of the 2022 FIFA World Cup.

David Downs, president of Univision Sports, was executive director of the bid. The United States previously hosted the FIFA World Cup in 1994, as well as the FIFA Women's World Cup in 1999 and 2003.

2003 FIFA Women's World Cup
The 2003 FIFA Women's World Cup was the fourth edition of the FIFA Women's World Cup, the quadrennial championship of women's national soccer teams organized by FIFA. It was held in the United States from September 20 to October 12, 2003, at six venues in six cities across the country. The tournament was won by Germany, who became the first country to win both the men's and women's World Cup.

China was originally awarded the right to host the tournament, which would have taken place from September 23 to October 11 in four cities. A severe outbreak of SARS in early 2003 affected Guangdong in southern China and prompted FIFA to move the Women's World Cup to the United States, who had hosted the previous edition in 1999. China was instead granted hosting rights for the 2007 FIFA Women's World Cup and financial compensation while the United States Soccer Federation made new arrangements to host at smaller stadiums.
2025 West Asia Baseball Cup
The 2025 West Asia Baseball Cup was the 16th edition of the tournament, held in Karaj, Iran from May 1–8, 2025. Karaj was previously awarded the 2021 West Asia Baseball Cup before it was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The tournament was initially scheduled to be held in October 2024 in Pakistan. Pakistan was confirmed as host during a meeting in Taiwan in May 2024, with five teams expected to participate. However, Pakistan and several other West Asian national baseball teams instead participated in the Baseball United Arab Classic, held in November 2024 in Dubai.

The tournament was won by Palestine, earning them their first ever international title.

Karaj
Karaj (Persian: کرج; pronounced [kæˈɾædʒ] ⓘ) is a city in the Central District of Karaj County, Alborz province, Iran, serving as capital  of the province, the county, and the district. Earliest evidence of inhabitation in Karaj can be dated to the Bronze Age at Tepe Khurvin. The city was developed under the rule of the Safavid and Qajar Empire and is home to historical buildings and memorials from those eras. This city has a unique climate due to access to natural resources such as many trees, rivers, and green plains. After Tehran, Karaj is the largest immigrant-friendly city in Iran, so it has been nicknamed "Little Iran."

Although the county hosts a population around 1.97 million, as recorded in the 2016 census, most of the 1,419 km2 (548 sq mi) county is rugged mountain. The urban area is the fourth-largest in Iran, after Tehran, Mashhad, and Isfahan. Eshtehard County and Fardis County were split off from Karaj County since the previous census.
2001–02 Gamma Ethniki
The 2001–02 Gamma Ethniki was the 19th season since the official establishment of the third tier of Greek football in 1983. Kerkyra was crowned champion, thus winning promotion to Beta Ethniki. Kassandra, Fostiras, Kavala and Atromitos also won promotion due to expansion of Beta Ethniki from 14 to 16 teams.

Panelefsiniakos, Panetolikos and Apollon Krya Vrysi were relegated to Delta Ethniki.

Panetolikos F.C.
Panetolikos Football Club (Greek: ΠΑΕ Παναιτωλικός), or with its full name officially romanized as Panaitolikós Gymnastikós Filekpaideftikós Sýllogos (Greek: Παναιτωλικός Γυμναστικός Φιλεκπαιδευτικός Σύλλογος; Pan-Aetolian Gymnastic and Educational Club), is a Greek professional football club. It is based in Agrinio, Greece. Panetolikos was founded in 1926 and is considered one of the historical clubs in Greece, currently participating in the Greek First Division. Some of the most well known players that started their career in the club are Stratos Apostolakis, former Greek recordman in international caps (96), and Petros Michos.

Team colors are yellow and blue. The club's symbol is Titormus, the ancient Aetolian hero and their motto is "Τίτορμος Αιτωλός Ούτος Άλλος Ηρακλής" (Títormos Etolós Oútos Állos Iraklís), translated as Titormus the Aetolian is another Heracles.
Metrorail Gauteng
Metrorail Gauteng is a network of commuter rail services in Gauteng province in South Africa, serving the Johannesburg and Pretoria metro areas. It is operated by Metrorail, a division of the Passenger Rail Agency of South Africa (PRASA).

Metrorail routes spread out across the province from three main hubs: Park Station in Johannesburg, Germiston Station on the East Rand, and Pretoria Station. Routes serve central Johannesburg, the East Rand, Soweto, the Vaal Triangle, the West Rand, central Pretoria, and suburbs to the north, east and west of Pretoria.

Significant areas not served by Metrorail are the northern and western suburbs of Johannesburg, including Sandton and Randburg, and the south-eastern suburbs of Pretoria. Some of the northern suburbs of Johannesburg are now served by the new Gautrain rapid-rail system.

Randburg
Randburg is an area located in the Gauteng province of South Africa. Formerly a separate municipality, its administration devolved to the newly created City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality, along with neighbouring Sandton and Roodepoort, in the late 1990s. During the transitional period of 1996–2000, Randburg was part of the Northern Metropolitan Local Council (MLC).
Chesham Urban District
51°42′11″N 0°36′07″W﻿ / ﻿51.703°N 0.602°W﻿ / 51.703; -0.602

The town of Chesham formed a local government district in the administrative county of Buckinghamshire, England, from 1884 to 1974. It was administered as a local government district from 1884 to 1894, and as an urban district from 1894 to 1974.

Chartridge
Chartridge is a village in Buckinghamshire, England situated two miles north-west of Chesham.

Chartridge is also the name of a civil parish in Chiltern District which also includes the village of Bellingdon and the hamlets of Pednor, Hundridge and Asheridge. It was created in 1899 having previously been part of the parish of Chesham. The village is 34 miles northwest of London and the closest town is Chesham to the south with which it is closely associated. Until 1899 Chartridge was part of Chesham parish and post-Second World War residential housing has resulted in ribbon development stretching out along the Chartridge Road from the town to the village. 11 miles to the northwest is the county town of Buckinghamshire, Aylesbury.
Cebu's 6th congressional district
Cebu's 6th congressional district is one of the seven congressional districts of the Philippines in the province of Cebu. It has been represented in the House of Representatives of the Philippines since 1916 and earlier in the Philippine Assembly from 1907 to 1916. The district consists of the eastern municipalities of Consolacion and Cordova, and previously included the city of Lapu-Lapu until 2010 and the city of Mandaue until 2022. Prior to its second dissolution in 1972, it encompassed the western municipalities of Aloguinsan, Barili, Dumanjug, Pinamungajan, and Ronda, and the city of Toledo. It is currently represented in the 20th Congress by Daphne Lagon of the Lakas–CMD and One Cebu.

Ronda, Cebu
Ronda, officially the Municipality of Ronda (Cebuano: Lungsod sa Ronda; Tagalog: Bayan ng Ronda),  is a municipality in the province of Cebu, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 21,179 people.