hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vulcan Mine
Vulcan Mine is a heritage-listed former mine at Mareeba Mining District, Irvinebank, Shire of Mareeba, Queensland, Australia. It was built from c. 1889 to 1930s. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

Shire of Mareeba
The Shire of Mareeba is a local government area at the base of Cape York Peninsula in Far North Queensland, inland from Cairns. The shire, administered from the town of Mareeba, covered an area of 53,491 square kilometres (20,653.0 sq mi), and existed as a local government entity from 1879 until 2008, when it amalgamated with several councils in the Atherton Tableland area to become the Tablelands Region.

On 20 March 2013, Mareeba residents voted in favour of a proposal to reverse the amalgamation and to re-establish Mareeba Shire.  The new Mareeba Shire was re-established on 1 January 2014.

In the 2021 census, the Shire of Mareeba had a population of 22,858 people.
Grimké sisters
The Grimké sisters, Sarah Moore Grimké (1792–1873) and Angelina Emily Grimké (1805–1879), were American writers, educators, and public speakers, best known for their advocacy of abolitionism and women's rights.

Among the first American-born women to engage in public speaking tours, the sisters advocated through speech and writing for the civil rights of African Americans and civil rights for women, emphasizing the interconnectedness of these struggles. Sarah Grimké's pamphlet, The Equality of the Sexes and the Condition of Women, has been called "the first serious discussion of women's rights by an American woman."

The sisters grew up in a slave-owning family in South Carolina and became part of Philadelphia's substantial Quaker society in their twenties. The sisters, along with Angelina's husband, Theodore Dwight Weld, founded a private school in 1848 on their farm in Belleville, New Jersey.

Isaac Knapp
Isaac Knapp (January 11, 1804 – September 14, 1843) was an American abolitionist printer, publisher, and bookseller in Boston, Massachusetts. He is remembered primarily for his collaboration with William Lloyd Garrison in printing and publishing The Liberator newspaper.
Super Street Fighter
Super Street Fighter is the beginning of the title of several games in the Street Fighter series. While there was not a "super" version created for the original game, sequels picked up the adjective:

Super Street Fighter II

Super Street Fighter II Turbo

Super Street Fighter II Turbo HD Remix

Super Street Fighter IV

Super Street Fighter II Turbo HD Remix
Super Street Fighter II Turbo HD Remix is a 2008 fighting game initially released on the PlayStation Store and Xbox Live Arcade services. A physical copy of the game was later released as part of Capcom Digital Collection. It is a remake of 1994's Super Street Fighter II Turbo (the fifth arcade iteration of the Street Fighter II series) featuring the original game and a high definition version using graphics drawn by UDON Entertainment, and arranged music by OverClocked ReMix members. The game was designed by Backbone Entertainment's David Sirlin to be the sixth definitive version of Street Fighter II, although it is in fact the seventh, being released after 2003's Hyper Street Fighter II.
Squinzano railway station
Squinzano (Italian: Stazione di Squinzano) is a railway station in the Italian town of Squinzano, in the Province of Lecce, Apulia. The station lies on the Adriatic Railway (Ancona–Lecce) and was opened on 16 January 1866. The train services are operated by Trenitalia.

Adriatic railway
The Adriatic railway (Italian: Ferrovia Adriatica) is the railway from Ancona to Lecce that runs along the Adriatic Coast of Italy, following it almost all of the way. It is one of the main lines of the Italian rail system and links the northern cities with the most important productive areas of central and southern Italy.

The railway was built by the Società per le Strade Ferrate Meridionali (Italian: Company for the Southern Railways, SFM), between 1863 and 1872. In 1906, management of the line was taken over by Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane. In 1933, the southernmost Lecce-Otranto segment of the line was turned over to the Ferrovie del Sud Est, which has maintained it to the present day.
Elizabeth Cuthill
Elizabeth Hahnemann Cuthill (October 16, 1923 – January 11, 2011) was an American applied mathematician and numerical analyst known for her work on sparse matrix algorithms, on block iterative methods for the numerical approximation of differential equations, and on the development of computer simulations of nuclear reactors. She was a researcher for the United States Navy at the David Taylor Model Basin. The Cuthill–McKee algorithm and reverse Cuthill–McKee algorithm are heuristics for permuting matrices into forms with small bandwidth and for associated problems in graph bandwidth, named for the work of Cuthill with James McKee.[C]

Graph bandwidth
In graph theory, the graph bandwidth problem may be visualized as placing the vertices of a given graph at distinct integer positions along the number line so that the length of the longest edge is minimized. Such placement is called linear graph arrangement, linear graph layout or linear graph placement.
It may be formalized as labeling the  vertices  of a graph  with distinct integers  so that the quantity  is minimized, where  is the edge set of .

The weighted graph bandwidth problem is a generalization wherein the edges are assigned weights  and the cost function to be minimized is the product of weight with length, .

In terms of matrices, the (unweighted) graph bandwidth is the minimal bandwidth of a symmetric matrix which is an adjacency matrix of the graph.
The bandwidth may also be defined as one less than the maximum clique size in a proper interval supergraph of the given graph, chosen to minimize its clique size.
2008–09 Rugby Union County Championship
The 2008–09 Bill Beaumont Cup (Rugby Union County Championship) was the 109th edition of England's County Championship rugby union club competition.

Lancashire won their 19th title after defeating Gloucestershire in the final.

Lancashire County Rugby Football Union
The Lancashire County Rugby Football Union is the society responsible for rugby union in the county of Lancashire, England, and is one of the constituent bodies of the national Rugby Football Union having been formed in 1881. In addition it is the county that has won the County Championship on most occasions
Gnudi
Gnudi (Italian: [ˈɲuːdi]), also known as malfatti, are gnocchi-like dumplings made with ricotta cheese and semolina instead of potato flour. The result is often a lighter, "pillowy" dish, unlike the often denser, chewier gnocchi. Gnudi is the Tuscan word for 'naked' (in standard Italian nudi), the idea being that these "pillowy" balls of ricotta and spinach (sometimes without spinach) are "nude ravioli", consisting of just the tasty filling without the pasta shell.

By tradition, in Tuscany these dumplings are served with burnt butter and sage sauce, sprinkled with Parmesan or pecorino toscano cheese.

Semolina
Semolina is a coarse flour traditionally made from durum wheat. Its high protein and gluten content make it especially suitable for pasta.

Semolina is distinguished from other refined wheat flours by its coarse texture: the Codex Alimentarius specifies that a durum wheat semolina must have grains large enough that no more than 79% pass through a 315-micron textile sieve.
Minorities in Iraq
Minorities in Iraq have been incredibly influential to the history of the country, and consist of various ethnic and religious groups. The largest minority group in Iraq is the Kurds, with Turkmen following shortly after. Prior to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Assyrians constituted a sizeable population of 1.5 million, and belonged to various different churches such as the Assyrian Church of the East, Chaldean Catholic Church, and the Syriac Orthodox/Catholic Churches. Other minority groups in Iraq include Armenians, Mandaeans, Baha'i, and Marsh Arabs, among others.

Paulos Faraj Rahho
Paulos Faraj Rahho (also known as Paul Faraj Rahho and Paulos Faradsch Raho; Arabic: بولس فرج رحو, Būlus Farağ Raḥū; Syriac: ܦܘܠܘܣ ܦ̮ܪܔ ܪܚܘ, Paulōs Farağ Raḥō; 20 November 1942 – February or March 2008) was a Chaldean Catholic prelate who served as the Archeparch of Mosul in the northern part of Iraq from 2001 until his death in 2008 at the hands of terrorists.
Catriona Sandilands
Catriona Sandilands is a Canadian writer and scholar in the environmental humanities. She is most well known for her conception of queer ecology. She is currently a Professor in the Faculty of Environmental Studies at York University. She was a Canada Research Chair in Sustainability and Culture between 2004 and 2014. She was a Fellow of the Pierre Elliott Trudeau Foundation in 2016.
Sandilands served as president of the Association for the Study of Literature and Environment in 2015. She is also a past President of the Association for Literature, Environment, and Culture in Canada (ALECC) and the American Society for Literature and the Environment (ASLE).

Pierre Elliott Trudeau Foundation
The Pierre Elliott Trudeau Foundation (French: Fondation Pierre Elliott Trudeau), commonly called the Trudeau Foundation (French: Fondation Trudeau), is a Canadian charity founded in 2001 named after former Canadian prime minister Pierre Trudeau.

Donations to the charity increased when Justin Trudeau became the leader of the Liberal Party of Canada, and again in 2015 when the party won the federal election.

In early 2023, most of the board of directors resigned, in light of a $200,000 donation from Chinese political strategist and billionaire Zhang Bin. The donation was reported in the context of allegations of Chinese government interference in the 2019 and 2021 Canadian federal elections.
Susan Story
Susan N. Story (born 1960) is an American utility executive, who was chief executive officer of American Water from 2014 until 2020.

Story grew up in Albertville, Alabama. Her parents worked at a cotton mill, and her father later became a pipe fitter. She was senior class president in high school, then worked her way through college, where she earned a bachelor's degree in industrial engineering at Auburn University, and an MBA from the University of Alabama at Birmingham.

She began her career as a nuclear power plant engineer at Southern Company, eventually serving as a Southern executive vice president and as the CEO of Southern subsidiary Gulf Power Company. Story became CFO of American Water in 2013, and was named CEO in 2014.

University of Alabama at Birmingham
The University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) is a public research university in Birmingham, Alabama, United States. Founded in 1969 and part of the University of Alabama System, UAB has grown to be the state's largest employer, with more than 27,302 faculty and staff and over 53,000 jobs at the university. The university is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity".

UAB offers 140 programs of study in 12 academic divisions leading to bachelor's, master's, doctoral, and professional degrees. In the fall of 2024, UAB enrolled 20,905 students from more than 110 countries. The UAB Health System, one of the largest academic medical centers in the United States, is affiliated with UAB.

The UAB athletic teams known as the Blazers compete in 18 varsity-level sports in the NCAA Division I - American Athletic Conference. Its official varsity colors are green and gold. The Blazers have won 11 conference championships to date.
Rasskazovsky District
Rasskazovsky District (Russian: Рассказовский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-three in Tambov Oblast, Russia. It is located in the center of the oblast.  The district borders with Bondarsky District in the north, Kirsanovsky District in the east, Sampursky District in the south, and with Tambovsky District in the west. The area of the district is 1,802 square kilometers (696 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Rasskazovo (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 22,991 (2010 Census);  24,984 (2002 Census); 25,422 (1989 Soviet census).

Tambov Oblast
Tambov Oblast (Russian: Тамбовская область, IPA: [tɐmˈbofskəjə ˈobɫəsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Tambov. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 1,091,994.
Tuğba Şenoğlu
Tuğba Şenoğlu İvegin (born 2 February 1998) is a Turkish volleyball player. She is 1.84 m (6 ft 1⁄2 in) tall and plays in the wing spiker position for Türk Hava Yolları in Turkey. She is part of the team which qualified for the postponed 2020 Summer Olympics.

Türk Hava Yolları (women's volleyball)
Türk Hava Yolları Women's Volleyball Team is a Turkish women's volleyball team from Istanbul which is owned by Turkish Airlines. This team play their matches at the 7.000-seated TVF Burhan Felek Sport Hall.

The club was founded in 1979 but withdrew from volleyball leagues in the 1993–1994 season. In 2016, with Turkish Airlines chairman of the board and executive committee İlker Aycı being elected as the club president, the team returned to the volleyball arena and started its competition in the Turkish Women's Volleyball 2nd League. In the 2016–2017 season, it was promoted from the Turkish Women's 2nd League to the 1st League, and in the 2017–2018 season, it was promoted from the 1st League to the Sultanlar Ligi as the champion.

Turkish Women's Volleyball League (1985–1994)

Turkish Women's Volleyball 2nd League (2016–2017)

Turkish Women's Volleyball 1st League (2017–2018)

Turkish Volleyball Sultanlar Ligi (2018–present)
Horseshoe kidney
Horseshoe kidney, also known as ren arcuatus  (in Latin), renal fusion or super kidney, is a congenital disorder affecting about 1 in 500 people that is more common in men, often asymptomatic, and usually diagnosed incidentally. In this disorder, the patient's kidneys fuse to form a horseshoe-shape during development in the womb. The fused part is the isthmus of the horseshoe kidney. The abnormal anatomy can affect kidney drainage resulting in increased frequency of kidney stones and urinary tract infections as well as increase risk of certain renal cancers.

Fusion abnormalities of the kidney can be categorized into two groups: horseshoe kidney and crossed fused ectopia. The 'horseshoe kidney' is the most common renal fusion anomaly.

Crossed renal ectopia
Crossed dystopia (also unilateral fusion cross fused renal ectopia) is a rare form of renal ectopia (kidney displacement) where both kidneys are on the same side of the spine. In many cases, the two kidneys are fused together, yet retain their own vessels and ureters. The ureter of the lower kidney crosses the midline to enter the bladder on the contralateral side. Both renal pelves can lie one above each other medial to the renal parenchyma (unilateral long kidney) or the pelvis of the crossed kidney faces laterally (unilateral S-shaped kidney). Urogram is diagnostic.

The anomaly can be diagnosed through ultrasound or urography, but surgical intervention is only necessary if there are other complications, such as tumors or pyelonephritis.
Demaray
Demaray is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Arthur E. Demaray (1887–1958), American government administrator

Elizabeth Demaray (fl. 1991), American artist

John G. Demaray (1930–2015), American medievalist

Elizabeth Demaray
Elizabeth Demaray is a sculptor and interdisciplinary artist known for her inquiries into the interface between the built and the natural environment.

Demaray has created listening stations for birds that play human music, fabricated alternative forms of housing for hermit crabs from artificial materials, and built light-sensing robotic supports that allow potted plants to roam freely in search of sunlight and water.

Demaray is an associate professor of fine arts] and head of the sculpture concentration at Rutgers University–Camden. She lives and works in Brooklyn.
Wallace Chung
Wallace Chung Hon-leung (Chinese: 鍾漢良; born 30 November 1974) is a Hong Kong actor and singer, best known for his work on several Chinese television dramas.

Chung ranked 68th on Forbes China Celebrity 100 list in 2013, 94th in 2014, 45th in 2015, 31st in 2017.

Seoul International Drama Awards
Seoul International Drama Awards (Korean: 서울 국제 드라마 어워즈), simply known as SDA, is an annual award ceremony based in Seoul, South Korea which honors excellence in television drama productions worldwide.
Wuileixis Rivas
Wuileixis de Jesus Rivas Espinoza (born 27 August 1990 in Caracas, Capital District) is a Greco-Roman wrestler from Venezuela who competes in the welterweight category (under 66 kg). At the 2012 Olympics he received a bye for the preliminary round of sixteen match, before losing to French wrestler and defending Olympic champion Steeve Guénot, who was able to score one point each in two straight periods, leaving Rivas without a single point. At the 2016 Rio Games he was also eliminated in the first bout, against Omid Norouzi who was the defending champion from London.

He won the bronze medal in his event at the 2022 South American Games held in Asunción, Paraguay.

In 2024, he competed at the Pan American Wrestling Olympic Qualification Tournament held in Acapulco, Mexico hoping to qualify for the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris, France. He was eliminated in his second match.

Wrestling at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's Greco-Roman 66 kg
Men's Greco-Roman 66 kilograms competition at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, United Kingdom, took place on 7 August at ExCeL London.
This Greco-Roman wrestling competition consists of a single-elimination tournament, with a repechage used to determine the winner of two bronze medals. The two finalists face off for gold and silver medals. Each wrestler who loses to one of the two finalists moves into the repechage, culminating in a pair of bronze medal matches featuring the semifinal losers each facing the remaining repechage opponent from their half of the bracket.

Each bout consists of up to three rounds, lasting two minutes apiece. The wrestler who scores more points in each round is the winner of that rounds; the bout ends when one wrestler has won two rounds (and thus the match).
A Big Bold Beautiful Journey
A Big Bold Beautiful Journey is a 2025 American romantic fantasy film directed by Kogonada and written by Seth Reiss. The film stars Margot Robbie and Colin Farrell.

A Big Bold Beautiful Journey was first released in the Philippines on September 17, 2025, and was released in the United States by Sony Pictures Releasing on September 19, 2025. The film received mixed reviews from critics and was a box office bomb, grossing $20.2 million against a $45 million net budget.

Sony Pictures Motion Picture Group
Sony Pictures Entertainment Motion Picture Group (formerly known as the Columbia TriStar Motion Picture Group until 2013, and abbreviated as SPMPG) is a division of Sony Pictures Entertainment to manage its motion picture operations. It was launched in 1998 by integrating the businesses of Columbia Pictures and TriStar Pictures.
Col Firmin
Colin Charles "Col" Firmin (11 April 1940 – 3 March 2013) was a former Australian politician.

Firmin served as an Alderman for the City of Darwin from 1976 to 1983 before his preselection by the ruling Country Liberal Party (CLP) for the Electoral division of Ludmilla in the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly and his subsequent election at the 1983 Northern Territory election.

Firmin was re-elected at the 1987 election but following the abolishing of the Ludmilla electorate in 1990, he lost preselection for the new seat of Brennan to Max Ortmann. Firmin quit the CLP and ran at the 1990 election as an independent but was defeated by Ortmann.

Firmin died in Buddina, Queensland on 3 March 2013, aged 72, from undisclosed causes.

1983 Northern Territory general election
A general election was held in the Northern Territory, Australia on Saturday 3 December 1983. The result was a landslide victory for the incumbent Country Liberal Party (CLP) under Chief Minister Paul Everingham over the Australian Labor Party (ALP) opposition under Opposition leader Bob Collins.

For this election, the size of the assembly was increased from 19 to 25.

The only independent of the Legislative Assembly, Dawn Lawrie, lost her seat of Nightcliff at this election to the CLP.
Michael Fourman
Michael Paul Fourman (born 12 September 1950) is Professor of Computer Systems at the University of Edinburgh in Scotland, UK, and was Head of the School of Informatics from 2001 to 2009.

Fourman is worked in applications of logic in computer science, artificial intelligence, and cognitive science – more specifically, formal models of digital systems, system design tools, proof assistants, categorical semantics and propositional planning.

Systems design
The basic study of system design is the understanding of component parts and their subsequent interaction with one another.

Systems design has appeared in a variety of fields, including aeronautics, sustainability, computer/software architecture, and sociology.
2011 Atlanta Tennis Championships – Doubles
Scott Lipsky and Rajeev Ram were the defending champions, but were defeated in the first round by wildcards Drake Bernstein and Kevin King.
Alex Bogomolov Jr. and Matthew Ebden defeated Matthias Bachinger and Frank Moser in the final, 3–6, 7–5, [10–8].

Kevin King (tennis)
Kevin King (born February 28, 1991) is an American professional tennis player. He played collegiate tennis for the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets and was a two-time ITA All-American (2011 and 2012) and a three-time All-ACC performer.

On May 7, 2018, he reached his highest ATP singles ranking of No. 162.
Z. A. Ahmad
Z. A. Ahmad was an Islamic scholar and politician in Indonesia. He was a member of Permi, and joined PII (Indonesian Islamic Party) after the banning of Permi in 1933. He became the leader of PII in Sumatra. In the 1950s he became a member of the Masyumi Leadership Council.

Persatuan Muslim Indonesia
Persatuan Muslim Indonesia (lit: Union of Indonesian Muslims, or Indonesian Muslim Union), also abbreviated as PERMI, was a political party espoused Islamic-nationalism based in Padang Panjang, founded in 1930. The party was dissolved due to the crackdown by the Dutch East Indies colonial government in 1937. PERMI is regarded as a political party active against the colonial repression by the Dutch. Unlike other political parties, PERMI was unique in its embracing of both political Islam and nationalism and placed them two in a parallel position.
L'Estrange Fawcett
Arthur Wellesley L'Estrange Fawcett MC (1894 – 1961) was a British screenwriter and film producer, notable for his work at Gainsborough Pictures such as Bed and Breakfast (1930). A former journalist he was also a film critic writing the 1927 work Films: Facts and Forecasts (for which Charlie Chaplin provided a preface) and Writing for the Films in 1932.

He was a son of the Reverend Francis L'Estrange Fawcett and his wife Edith. He was an Exhibitioner of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge. Commissioned in the First World War, he served with the Gloucestershire Regiment and the Machine Gun Corps, and was awarded the Military Cross in 1917.

He married Cecilia Mary Herklots Jerwood (née Powles) in 1920; she was the widow of Major John Hugh Jerwood MC, and mother of John Jerwood. Arthur and Cecilia had two sons – Richard & Robin.

Machine Gun Corps
The Machine Gun Corps (MGC) was a corps of the British Army, formed in October 1915 in response to the need for more effective use of machine guns on the Western Front in the First World War. The Heavy Branch of the MGC was the first to use tanks in combat and was subsequently turned into the Tank Corps, later called the Royal Tank Regiment. The MGC remained in existence after the war until it was disbanded in 1922.