hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Calceolaria hyssopifolia
Calceolaria hyssopifolia is a species of plant in the Calceolariaceae family. It is endemic to Ecuador.

The Latin word hyssopifolia (which also occurs in several other plant names, including that of cuphea hyssopifolia) means "hyssop-leafed".

Calceolariaceae
Calceolariaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales that has been recently segregated from Scrophulariaceae. The family includes two genera, Calceolaria and Jovellana. Porodittia is treated as a synonym of Calceolaria. Recent molecular phylogenies that included Calceolaria have shown not only that this genus does not belong in Scrophulariaceae (or any of the numerous families recently segregated from Scrophulariaceae) but also that it is the sister clade to the majority of the other families of the Lamiales. Morphological and chemical characters also support the separation of Calceolariaceae from Scrophulariaceae and other Lamiales. Some recent studies have supported a sister-group relationship between Calceolariaceae and Gesneriaceae. Given this close relationship, some authors opt to merge this family into Gesneriaceae as subfamily Calceolarioideae
New Harrisburg, Ohio
New Harrisburg is an unincorporated community in Harrison Township, Carroll County, Ohio, United States.  The community is part of the Canton–Massillon Metropolitan Statistical Area. The community is served by the Carrollton post office, and has ZIP code 44615.  It lies on State route 171.

Massillon, Ohio
Massillon is a city in western Stark County, Ohio, United States, along the Tuscarawas River. The population was 32,146 at the 2020 census. Massillon is a principal city of the Canton–Massillon metropolitan area, which includes all of Stark and Carroll counties and had a population of 401,574 in 2020.

Massillon is located approximately 8 miles (13 km) west of Canton, 20 miles (32 km) south of Akron, and 50 miles (80 km) south of Cleveland.
Darío Fernández Jaen
Darío Fernández or Darío Fernández Jaen (1946-2011) was a Panamanian politician and broadcaster. He was the former governor of the province of Coclé and the owner of a radio station, Mi Favorita. He was assassinated for allegedly exposing government corruption and illegal activities.

Coclé Province
Coclé (Spanish pronunciation: [koˈkle]) is a province of central Panama on the nation's southern coast. The administrative capital is the city of Penonomé.  This province was created by the Act of September 12, 1855 with the title of Department of Coclé during the presidency of Dr. Justo de Arosemena. It became a province, Decretory Number 190, on October 20, 1985. Coclé is primarily an agricultural area, with sugar and tomatoes as major crops.  The province has a number of well-known beaches, such as Santa Clara, Farallon and Rio Hato, and tourist activity has increased in recent years. It covers an area of 4,946.6 km2, and had a population of 268,264 in 2023.
2018 Swedish Athletics Championships
The 2018 Swedish Athletics Championships (Swedish: Svenska mästerskapen i friidrott 2018) was the 123rd national outdoor track and field championships for Sweden. It was held on 24 to 26 August at the Ekängens Friidrottsarena in Eskilstuna. It was organised by Råby-Rekarne FIF, Ärla IF and Eskilstuna FI,

Eskilstuna
Eskilstuna (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈɛ̂sːkɪlsˌtʉːna] ⓘ) is a city and the seat of Eskilstuna Municipality, Södermanland County, Sweden. The city of Eskilstuna had 69,948 inhabitants in 2020, with a total population of 107,806 inhabitants in Eskilstuna municipality 2023. Eskilstuna has a large Sweden Finn population. The town is located on the River Eskilstunaån, which connects Lake Hjälmaren and Lake Mälaren.
Mahak Jain
Mahak Jain (born 24 June 2001) is an Indian former professional tennis player. She plays college tennis for the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets.

Mahak has a career-high singles ranking by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) of 511, achieved on 18 February 2019. Over her career, she won two singles titles and one doubles title on the ITF Women's Circuit. Her last match on the circuit was in December 2019.

On the ITF Junior Circuit, Mahak has a career-high combined ranking of 29, achieved on 5 June 2017.

Mahak made her Fed Cup debut for India in 2019. It has been her sole match in Fed Cup competitions.

India Billie Jean King Cup team
The India Billie Jean King Cup team represents India in the WTA & ITF Billie Jean King Cup professional tennis competition and are governed by the All India Tennis Association.

India competed in its first Fed Cup in 1977, but did not compete again until 1991. Since 1991, India has been competing annually (except 1993). India's best result was reaching the Asia/Oceania Group I final in 2006.

In 2004, Manisha Malhotra and Sania Mirza broke the record for playing the longest tiebreak (21–19) in their doubles match against Uzbekistan pair Vlada Ekshibarova and Ivanna Israilova.
Head Lake (Haliburton County)
Head Lake is a lake in the village of Haliburton, in Haliburton County, Ontario, Canada. Haliburton Village is in south central Ontario, about 25 km (15 mi) east of the village of Minden and approximately 50 km (31 mi) south-west of the panhandle of Algonquin Park. From Ontario's largest city, Toronto, it is just over 200 km (124 mi) to Haliburton, and from the national capital of Ottawa, it is about 300 km (186 mi).

Head Lake is in the Great Lakes Basin. The primary inflow and outflow is the Drag River, arriving at the east from Drag Lake and leaving at the southwest to Grass Lake. The Drag River then flows via the Burnt River and Trent River to Lake Ontario.

Ontario Highway 118 follows the east shore of the lake.

Great Lakes Basin
The Great Lakes Basin consists of the Great Lakes and the surrounding lands of the states of Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin in the United States, and the province of Ontario in Canada, whose direct surface runoff and watersheds form a large drainage basin that feeds into the lakes. It is generally considered to also include a small area around and beyond Wolfe Island, Ontario, at the east end of Lake Ontario, which does not directly drain into the Great Lakes, but into the Saint Lawrence River.

The Basin is at the center of the Great Lakes region.
Staatsarchiv Ludwigsburg
The Staatsarchiv Ludwigsburg (Ludwigsburg State Archives), located in Ludwigsburg, Germany, is a public institutional repository for roughly 680 state authorities within the District of Stuttgart, Germany.

Weststadt (Karlsruhe)
Weststadt (German pronunciation: [ˈvɛstˌʃtat] ⓘ, lit. 'west city') is a district in the west of Karlsruhe between the city center and the older district of Mühlburg. The most famous part of the district is the avenue Kaiserallee.
2005–06 Israeli Women's Cup
The 2005–06 Israeli Women's Cup (Hebrew: גביע המדינה נשים, Gvia HaMedina Nashim) was the eighth season of Israel's women's nationwide football cup competition.

The competition was won, for the third consecutive time, by Maccabi Holon, who had beaten ASA Tel Aviv University 5–1 in the final.

Israeli Women's Cup
The Israeli Women's Cup (Hebrew: גביע המדינה נשים, Gvia HaMedina Nashim) is the annual knock-out tournament of women's football teams in Israel. It is equivalent to the men's Israel State Cup, and organized by the Israel Football Association (IFA). Its first season was played in 1998–99. As of 2020 Maccabi Holon had won the most titles, winning for the ninth time in 2012–13.
1991 Yugoslav Open – Doubles
Vojtěch Flégl and Daniel Vacek were the defending champions, but Flégl chose to compete at Rome during the same week. Vacek teamed up with Tobias Svantesson and lost in the first round to José Luis Aparisi and Vicente Solves.

Gilad Bloom and Javier Sánchez won the title by defeating Richey Reneberg and David Wheaton 7–6, 2–6, 6–1 in the final.

Daniel Vacek
Daniel Vacek (born 1 April 1971) is a former tennis player from Czechoslovakia and the Czech Republic who turned professional in 1990. He reached the quarterfinals of the 1995 Paris Masters, the 1998 Canada Masters and the 1998 Cincinnati Masters, and achieved a career-high singles ranking of world No. 26 in January 1996.

Vacek represented his native country at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta where he was defeated in the second round. The right-hander won 25 career titles in doubles with various partners, including the French Open in 1996 and 1997, and the US Open in 1997 with Yevgeny Kafelnikov.
Siege of Debal
The Siege of Debal, also known as the Siege of Debul, took place in the autumn of 712 AD, in which the Umayyad forces under Muhammed Ibn al-Qasim besieged Debal, a city under the Brahmin dynasty of Sindh ruled by Raja Dahir. The Umayyads defeated the Chach loyalists the on the orders of the governor of Iraq, Al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf, and captured it.

Chach dynasty
The Chach dynasty (c. 632–712), also known as the Chacha dynasty or Silaij dynasty, was a Hindu Brahmin dynasty that ruled the Sindh region, after usurping and overthrowing the Buddhist Rai dynasty of Sindh. Most of the information about its existence comes from the Chach Nama, a historical account of the Chach-Brahmin dynasty.

The members of the dynasty continued to administer parts of Sindh under the Umayyad Caliphate's Caliphal province of Sind after it fell in 712. These rulers include Hullishāh and Shishah.
Missouri Route 34
Route 34 is a highway in southeastern Missouri. Its eastern terminus is at the Illinois state line on the Mississippi River at Cape Girardeau where it overlaps Route 74. Its western terminus is at U.S. Route 60 (US 60) near Van Buren. The road continues into Illinois via the Bill Emerson Memorial Bridge as Illinois Route 146.

Cape Girardeau, Missouri
Cape Girardeau (/dʒɪˈrɑːrdoʊ/ jirr-AR-doh, French: Cap-Girardeau [kap ʒiʁaʁdo] ⓘ; colloquially referred to as "Cape") is a city in Cape Girardeau and Scott counties in the U.S. state of Missouri. The population was 39,540 at the 2020 census, making it the 17th-largest city in the state. It is a principal city of the Cape Girardeau–Jackson metropolitan area with 97,517 residents. Cape Girardeau is the economic center of southeastern Missouri and the home of Southeast Missouri State University. It is located approximately 100 miles (160 km) southeast of St. Louis and 150 miles (240 km) north of Memphis, Tennessee.
Emile Sheng
Sheng Chih-jen (Chinese: 盛治仁; pinyin: Shèng Zhìrén; born 5 January 1968), also known by his English name Emile Sheng, is a Taiwanese political scientist. He was the Minister of the Council for Cultural Affairs from 2009 to 2011.

Ministry of Culture (Taiwan)
The Ministry of Culture (MOC; Chinese: 文化部; pinyin: Wénhùabù; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Bûn-hòa pō͘) is the ministry of the Republic of China (Taiwan) that promotes cultural and creative industries. The ministry also maintains the National Repository of Cultural Heritage.
Scolytus multistriatus
Scolytus multistriatus, the European elm bark beetle or smaller European elm bark beetle, is a bark beetle species in the genus Scolytus. In Europe, while S. multistriatus acts as vector of the Dutch elm disease, caused by the Ascomycota Ophiostoma ulmi, it is much less effective than the large elm bark beetle, S. scolytus.

S. multistriatus uses vanillin and syringaldehyde as signals to find a host tree during oviposition.

female

female

female

female

Scolytus multistriatus, larvae imprint in Ulmus glabra

Ophiostoma ulmi
Ophiostoma ulmi is a species of fungus in the family Ophiostomataceae. It is one of the causative agents of Dutch elm disease. It was first described under the name Graphium ulmi, and later transferred to the genus Ophiostoma.

Dutch elm disease originated in Europe in the early 1900s. Elm trees were once an ecologically valuable tree that dominated mixed broadleaf forests, floodplains, and low areas near rivers and streams. They were planted in urban settings because of their aesthetic appeal and their ability to provide shade due to their V like shape. An outbreak of Dutch elm disease in the 1920s and again in the 1970s was responsible for the death of more than 40 million American elm trees.

Ophiostoma ulmi was the first known cause of Dutch elm disease. Since its discovery in 1910, new forms of the fungus, specifically Ophiostoma novo-ulmi, have emerged and appear to be more resistant to control measures and more aggressive in their infection.
Nottingham–Grantham line
The Nottingham–Grantham line is a branch line between the city of Nottingham and the town of Grantham in the East Midlands of England. For most of its length it runs parallel to the A52.

The following places are served by the line:

Nottingham

Netherfield and Colwick

Radcliffe-on-Trent

Bingham

Aslockton and Whatton

Elton and Orston

Bottesford

Grantham

Whatton-in-the-Vale
Whatton-in-the-Vale is a village and civil parish in the Rushcliffe district, in the county of Nottinghamshire, England. It lies in the Vale of Belvoir, with the River Smite to the west and a subsidiary, the River Whipling to the east, mainly north of the trunk A52 road, 12 miles (19 km) east of Nottingham. The parish had a population of 843 at the 2011 census, increasing to 874 at the 2021 census.
Godfrey Walter Phillimore, 2nd Baron Phillimore
Godfrey Walter Phillimore, 2nd Baron Phillimore MC, DL (of Shiplake in the County of Oxford) (Henley-on-Thames, 29 December 1879 – Cape Town, 28 November 1947) was an English peer, soldier and author.

He was the eldest surviving son of Walter Phillimore, 1st Baron Phillimore and his wife Agnes, daughter of Charles Manners Lushington, M.P. He was educated at Christ Church, Oxford and was admitted to the Middle Temple on 1 November 1900. He withdrew without being Called to the Bar on 13 January 1928. During World War I he served with the Highland Light Infantry. He wrote a book about his time in captivity entitled "Recollections of a prisoner of war". He married twice, but his eldest son, Anthony Francis, predeceased him, having been killed near Arras, France, 23 May 1940, in World War II.

During the Spanish Civil War, Cazalet was a strong supporter of General Franco and the fascists, serving as the chairman of the Friends of National Spain committee.

Highland Light Infantry
The Highland Light Infantry (HLI) was a light infantry regiment of the British Army formed in 1881. It took part in the First and Second World Wars, until it was amalgamated with the Royal Scots Fusiliers in 1959 to form the Royal Highland Fusiliers (Princess Margaret's Own Glasgow and Ayrshire Regiment) which later merged with the Royal Scots Borderers, the Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment), the Highlanders (Seaforth, Gordons and Camerons) and the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders to form the Royal Regiment of Scotland, becoming the 2nd Battalion of the new regiment.
Lancia Thesis
The Lancia Thesis (Type 841) is a full-size car produced by Italian automaker Lancia between 2001 and 2009. It was available with naturally aspirated and turbocharged engines ranging between 2.0 and 3.2 litres in both straight-5 or V6 configurations. The design was based on the Lancia Diàlogos concept car unveiled in 1998. The production car premiered at the 2001 Geneva Motor Show and its interior was displayed for the first time at the Frankfurt Motor Show that same year. Sales started in June 2002 in Italy, with export markets following shortly after.

Full-size car
Full-size car, also known as large car, is a vehicle size class which originated in the United States and is used for cars larger than mid-size cars. It is the largest size class for cars. In the United Kingdom, this class is referred to as the executive car, while in Europe, it is known as E-segment or F-segment.
Bramson
Bramson is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Edward Bramson, British businessperson

Karen Bramson (1875–1936), Danish writer

Leon Bramson (1869–1941), Jewish activist, member of the first elected Russian Parliament in 1906–1907, then a leader and organizer of the World ORT

Maury Bramson (born 1951), American mathematician and statistician

Noam Bramson (born 1969), American politician from the state of New York

Phyllis Bramson, American painter

Steven Bramson (born 1950), professional composer

Karen Bramson
Karen Bramson (née Adler; born 10 August 1875 in Taarbæk, Denmark and died 26 January 1936 in Paris, France) was a Danish author who wrote novels and plays mostly in Danish or French although many of her writings have been translated into English.

Bramson spent her early life in Denmark and her later life in France. She was awarded the Légion d'honneur for her work during the First World War and for her contributions to French literature.
Kawasato, Saitama
Kawasato (川里町, Kawasato-machi)

was a town located in Kitasaitama District, Saitama, Japan.

As of 2003, the town has an estimated population of 7,909 and a density of 477.02 persons per km2. The total area is 16.58 km2.

On October 1, 2005, Kawasato, along with the town of Fukiage (from Kitaadachi District), was merged into the expanded city of Kōnosu.

Kita-Adachi District, Saitama
Kitaadachi (北足立郡, Kita-Adachi-gun) is a district located in Saitama Prefecture, Japan.

As of October 1, 2005, the district had an estimated population of 36,535 and a population density of 2,470.25 persons per km2. Its total area is 14.80 km2 (These numbers are excluding those of Fukiage, which merged with a city outside the district on October 1, 2005).
Hal Hinson
Hal Hinson is an American film critic who wrote for The Washington Post from 1987 to 1997. As of July 2015 he has 887 reviews collected on the website Rotten Tomatoes. Hinson has been cited as a critic who is unpopular with his fellow critics, as he is not afraid to give a polarized review; for instance, he lauded Hudson Hawk, which was otherwise panned. Another example is his review for Super Mario Bros., which went against the critical consensus. Hinson wrote an essay on Montgomery Clift, entitled "Some Notes on Method Acting" for Sight & Sound in 1984. He also reviewed for Film Comment in the mid-1980s.

Montgomery Clift
Edward Montgomery Clift (October 17, 1920 – July 23, 1966) was an American actor. A four-time Academy Award nominee, he was known for his portrayal of "moody, sensitive young men", according to The New York Times.

He is best remembered for his roles in Howard Hawks's Red River (1948), George Stevens's A Place in the Sun (1951), Fred Zinnemann's From Here to Eternity (1953), Stanley Kramer's Judgment at Nuremberg (1961), and John Huston's The Misfits (1961).

Along with Marlon Brando and James Dean, Clift was considered one of the original method actors in Hollywood (though Clift distanced himself from the term); he was one of the first actors to be invited to study in the Actors Studio with Lee Strasberg and Elia Kazan. Clift's decision to only sign a contract after his first two films were a success created "a power differential that would go on to structure the star–studio relationship for the next 40 years".
Bhavanisagar Assembly constituency
Bhavanisagar is a state assembly constituency in Erode district in Tamil Nadu. Its State Assembly Constituency number is 107. It comes under Nilgiris Lok Sabha constituency. It is one of the 234 State Legislative Assembly Constituencies in Tamil Nadu, in India.

Nilgiris Lok Sabha constituency
Nilgiris is a Lok Sabha (Parliament of India) constituency in Tamil Nadu. Its Tamil Nadu Parliamentary Constituency number is 19 of 39. 
Since 2009 , this constituency is reserved for the candidates belonging to the Scheduled Castes.
Canaanean blade
A Canaanean blade is an archaeological term for a long, wide blade made out of stone or flint, predominantly found at sites in Israel and Lebanon (ancient Canaan). They were first manufactured and used in the Neolithic Stone Age to be used as weapons such as javelins or arrowheads. The same technology was used during the later Chalcolithic period in the production of broad sickle blade elements for harvesting of crops. Canaanean blades were also used in the threshing of cereal grains. This indicates the presence of early agricultural technologies. The blades would be attached to a small wooden platform with bitumen. The platform, with a human or other weight standing on it, was then pulled behind an animal across a threshing floor. The forward motion of the animal paired with the downward force of weight exerted through the blades served to cut grain into small pieces.

Arrowhead
An arrowhead or point is the usually sharpened and hardened tip of an arrow, which contributes a majority of the projectile mass and is responsible for impacting and penetrating a target, or sometimes for special purposes such as signaling.

The earliest arrowheads were made of stone and of organic materials; as human civilizations progressed, other alloy materials were used.  Arrowheads are important archaeological artifacts; they are a subclass of projectile points.  Modern enthusiasts still "produce over one million brand-new spear and arrow points per year".

A craftsman who manufactures arrowheads is called an arrowsmith.
Hanna-Barbera's All-Star Comedy Ice Revue
Hanna-Barbera's All-Star Comedy Ice Revue (onscreen title: Hanna-Barbera's All-Star Comedy Ice Review) is a 1978 American live-action/animated television special produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions (in association with deFaria Productions) featuring animated character Fred Flintstone and hosted by Roy Clark and Bonnie Franklin in celebration of Hanna-Barbera's twenty years on the airwaves. It premiered on CBS on Friday, January 13, 1978, at 8:00 pm EST.

The Sylvers
The Sylvers were an American R&B family vocal group from Watts, a neighborhood in Los Angeles. They recorded the singles "Fool's Paradise", "Boogie Fever", and "Hot Line" during the 1970s. Prior to becoming the Sylvers, the four eldest members (Olympia, Leon, Charmaine, and James) recorded as the Little Angels, appearing on shows including You Bet Your Life and Make Room for Daddy. They opened for acts like Johnny Mathis and Ray Charles. During that time, they released two singles: "Santa Claus Parade" b/w "I'll Be a Little Angel" on Warwick Records and "Says You" b/w "Olympia" on Capitol Records.
Incurvaria praelatella
Incurvaria praelatella is a moth of the family Incurvariidae. It is found in all of  Europe, except the Iberian Peninsula.

The wingspan is 11–14 mm.Head light yellow ochreous. Forewings dark fuscous, purplish-tinged; a basal dot, a sometimes interrupted fascia at 1/3, a triangular dorsal spot before tornus, and a larger costal spot beyond it pale ochreous -yellowish; tips of apical cilia white. Hindwings rather dark bronzy-grey.

The larvae feed on Achillea, Agrimonia, Alchemilla vulgaris, Filipendula, Fragaria vesca, Geum rivale, Potentilla reptans, Rubus fruticosus and Spiraea douglasii. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Spiraea douglasii
Spiraea douglasii is a species of flowering plant in the rose family. Common names include hardhack, hardhack steeplebush, Douglas' spirea, douglasspirea, steeplebush, and rose spirea. It is native to northwestern North America and is an invasive species in other locales.

The specific epithet douglasii honors Scottish botanist David Douglas, who is noted for cataloguing numerous species native to the American west.