hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Xiaoyuan Liu
Xiaoyuan Liu is a historian, author, and academic most known for his work in the field of East Asian international history and ethnopolitical history of 20th century China. He is the David Dean 21st Century Professor of Asian Studies and Professor of History in the Corcoran Department of History at the University of Virginia.

Liu's publications comprise journal articles and books, such as Frontier Passages: Ethnopolitics and the Rise of Chinese Communism, 1921-1945 and A Partnership for Disorder: China, the United States, and Their Policies for the Postwar Disposition of the Japanese Empire, 1941–1945. He has received awards, including the Outstanding Career Achievement in Research Award from the Iowa State University in 2011 and the 2021 Academic Excellence Award from Chinese Historians in the United States.

History of East Asia
The history of East Asia generally encompasses the histories of China, Japan, Korea, Mongolia, and Taiwan from prehistoric times to the present. Each of its countries has a different national history, but East Asian Studies scholars maintain that the region is also characterized by a distinct pattern of historical development. This is evident in the relationships among traditional East Asian civilizations, which not only involve the sum total of historical patterns but also a specific set of patterns that has affected all or most of traditional East Asia in successive layers.
Tom Daly (American politician)
Tom Daly (born July 26, 1954) is an American politician who served in the California State Assembly. He is a Democrat who represented the 69th Assembly District, which encompassed central Orange County, including the cities of Santa Ana, Anaheim, Garden Grove, and Orange.

Prior to being elected to the Assembly in 2012, Daly served as Orange County Clerk-Recorder, as well as Mayor of Anaheim. He first sought elected office in 1986 for the Anaheim Union High School District.

Orange, California
Orange is a city located in northern Orange County, California, United States. It is approximately 3 miles (4.8 km) north of the county seat, Santa Ana. Orange is unusual in this region because many of the homes in its Old Town District were built before 1920. While many other cities in the region demolished such houses in the 1960s, Orange decided to preserve them. The small city of Villa Park is surrounded by the city of Orange. The population of Orange was 139,911 as of 2020.
Wheeler–DeWitt equation
The Wheeler–DeWitt equation for theoretical physics and applied mathematics, is a field equation attributed to John Archibald Wheeler and Bryce DeWitt. The equation attempts to mathematically combine the ideas of quantum mechanics and general relativity, a step towards a theory of quantum gravity.

In this approach, time plays a role different from what it does in non-relativistic quantum mechanics, leading to the so-called "problem of time". More specifically, the equation describes the quantum version of the Hamiltonian constraint using metric variables. Its commutation relations with the diffeomorphism constraints generate the Bergman–Komar "group" (which is the diffeomorphism group on-shell).

On shell and off shell
In physics, particularly in quantum field theory, configurations of a physical system that satisfy classical equations of motion are called on the mass shell (on shell); while those that do not are called off the mass shell (off shell).

In quantum field theory, virtual particles are termed off shell because they do not satisfy the energy–momentum relation; real exchange particles do satisfy this relation and are termed on (mass) shell. In classical mechanics for instance, in the action formulation, extremal solutions to the variational principle are on shell and the Euler–Lagrange equations give the on-shell equations. Noether's theorem regarding differentiable symmetries of physical action and conservation laws is another on-shell theorem.
Eremurus iae
Eremurus iae is a perennial flowering plant belonging to the family Asphodelaceae, first described by Alexei Ivanovich Vvedensky. It is native to Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. It is included in the Red Book of the Republic of Uzbekistan as a rare, endemic species. It is distributed in the Surxondaryo Region, the Hisar ridge, the Topolondarya basins and the northern slopes of the Boysun mountain.

Asphodelaceae
Asphodelaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Asparagales. Such a family has been recognized by most taxonomists, but the circumscription has varied widely. In its current circumscription in the APG IV system, it includes about 40 genera and 900 known species. The type genus is Asphodelus.

The family has a wide, but scattered, distribution throughout the tropics and temperate zones; for example, Xanthorrhoea is endemic to Australia, while the Aloes are unique to Africa and parts of the Arabian Peninsula. Many of the family's genera are cultivated as ornamentals, with some being highly collectible and sought-after, such as Haworthia and Gasteria, as well as their intergeneric hybrids with Aloe (x Gasteraloe, x Gastorthia, x Haworthaloe, etc.), while a few are grown commercially for cut flowers. Two species of Aloe, A. vera and A. maculata, are grown for their leaf sap, which contains digestive enzymes, and has medicinal and cosmetic applications.
Judy Garland as a gay icon
American actress and singer Judy Garland (1922–1969) is widely considered as a gay icon. The Advocate has called Garland "The Elvis of homosexuals". The reasons frequently given for her standing as an icon among gay men are admiration of her ability as a performer, the way her personal struggles seemed to mirror those of gay men in the United States during the height of her fame, and her value as a camp figure. Garland's role as Dorothy Gale in The Wizard of Oz is particularly known for contributing to this status. In the 1960s, when a reporter asked how she felt about having a large gay following, Garland replied, "I couldn't care less. I sing to people!"

The Advocate (magazine)
The Advocate is an American LGBTQ magazine, printed bi-monthly and available by subscription. The Advocate brand also includes a website. Both magazine and website have an editorial focus on news, politics, opinion, and arts and entertainment of interest to lesbians, gay men, bisexuals, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) people. The magazine, established in 1967, is the oldest and largest LGBTQ publication in the United States and the only surviving one of its kind that was founded before the 1969 Stonewall riots in Manhattan, an uprising that was a major milestone in the LGBTQ rights movement. On June 9, 2022, Pride Media was acquired by Equal Entertainment LLC.
George W. Stidham
George W. Stidham (September 8, 1818 – December 26, 1888) was an American farmer and Confederate States Army officer. He was born in Lexington County, South Carolina, to Zachariah and Jane Stidham. In c. 1839, he married Martha George of Georgia, having eight children together. He moved to Smith County, Texas, owning a farm there by 1860. In 1863, he enlisted as a lieutenant colonel in the 1st Texas State Cavalry Regiment. He later served as a private under James G. Bourland. He died on December 26, 1888, in Smith County, and was buried in Swan.

Lexington County, South Carolina
Lexington County is a county located in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 293,991. Its county seat and largest community is Lexington. The county was chartered in 1785 and was named in commemoration of Lexington, Massachusetts, the site of the Battle of Lexington in the American Revolutionary War. Lexington County is the sixth-most populous county in South Carolina by population and is part of the Columbia, SC Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Midlands region of South Carolina.
Afable Building
The Afable building is a 3-storey structure in Manila. It is located on a trapezoidal lot at the corner of Nicanor Reyes st. (previously Morayta st.) and Lerma St. facing España Boulevard. The building possesses a façade both from its original design in 1932 (Lerma side) and the post war renovation in 1960 (Nicanor Reyes side) both designed by Filipino architect Pablo Antonio Sr. who is well known for Art Deco and later on became a National Artist in Architecture in 1976.

It is possibly the oldest still standing work of Pablo Antonio Sr. as of 2016.

España Boulevard
España Boulevard (Spanish: Avenida España) is an eight–lane major thoroughfare in Manila, the capital of the Philippines. It is named after Spain, the country that formerly held the Philippines as a colony for 333 years (1565 until 1898). True to its name, several Spanish names abound on the street. It starts in the east at the Welcome Rotonda near the boundary of Quezon City and Manila and ends in the west with a Y-intersection with Lerma and Nicanor Reyes Streets in Manila.
Treaty of Fontainebleau (1541)
The Treaty of Fontainebleau of 1541 was a treaty of alliance between Denmark–Norway and the Kingdom of France in 1541. The alliance was rewritten in June 1542, and formally ended in 1544 by the Treaty of Speyer, between Denmark-Norway and the Holy Roman Empire.

Count's Feud
The Count's Feud (Danish: Grevens Fejde), sometimes referred to as the Count's War, was a Danish war of succession occurring from 1534 to 1536, which gave rise to the Reformation in Denmark. In the broader international context, it was a part of the European wars of religion. The Count's Feud derives its name from the Protestant count, Christopher of Oldenburg, who championed the claim to the throne of the deposed Catholic king, Christian II (who was forced from power in 1523), rejecting Christian III's election. Christian III was a devoted protestant who had already established Lutheranism as the state religion in Schleswig and Holstein by 1528.
Goodnight My Love (1936 song)
For other songs with this title, see Goodnight My Love (disambiguation)

"Goodnight My Love" is a popular song with music by Harry Revel and lyrics by Mack Gordon, published in 1936. It was incorporated in the 1936 movie Stowaway, where it is sung first by Shirley Temple and later by Alice Faye. Temple also sings part of the song as part of a medley in her 1938 film Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm.

Popular recordings in 1937 were by Benny Goodman (vocal by Ella Fitzgerald), Shep Fields and Hal Kemp (vocal by Bob Allen).

Alice Faye
Alice Faye (born Alice Jeanne Leppert; May 5, 1915 – May 9, 1998) was an American actor and singer. A musical star of 20th Century-Fox in the 1930s and 1940s, Faye starred in such films as On the Avenue (1937) and Alexander's Ragtime Band (1938). She is often associated with the Academy Award–winning standard "You'll Never Know", which she introduced in the 1943 musical film Hello, Frisco, Hello.

She left her career as a film actress and became known for her role on the radio show The Phil Harris-Alice Faye Show.
Seedcamp
Seedcamp is a European seed-stage venture capital fund, headquartered in London, launched in May 2007 by a group of 30 European investors. The fund's Managing Partners are Reshma Sohoni and Carlos Espinal.

As of August 2017, Seedcamp has a portfolio of over 250 companies who have raised over $1Bn in follow-on funding from investors across the globe with notable investment from Wise, Revolut, UiPath, and others.

UiPath
UiPath Inc. is a global software company that develops artificial intelligence (AI) and agentic automation and orchestration software. The company's software enables the building and orchestration of AI agents to automate complex processes and workflows.

Founded in 2005 in Bucharest, Romania, by Daniel Dines and Marius Tîrcă, the company is headquartered in NY City. The company became public on April 21, 2021, which at the time was reportedly one of the largest US software IPOs in history.
Quassinoid
Quassinoids are degraded triterpene lactones (similar to limonoids) of the Simaroubaceae plant family grouped into C-18, C-19, C-20, C-22 and C-25 types.  The prototypical member of the group, quassin, was first described in the 19th century from plants of the genus Quassia from which it gets its name. It was isolated in 1937, and its structure elucidated in 1961.

Simaroubaceae
The Simaroubaceae, also known as the quassia family, are a small, mostly tropical, family in the order Sapindales. In recent decades, it has been subject to much taxonomic debate, with several small families being split off. A molecular phylogeny of the family was published in 2007, greatly clarifying relationships within the family. Together with chemical characteristics such as the occurrence of petroselinic acid in Picrasma, in contrast to other members of the family such as Ailanthus, this indicates the existence of a subgroup in the family with Picrasma, Holacantha, and Castela.

The best-known species is the temperate Chinese tree-of-heaven Ailanthus altissima, which has become a cosmopolitan weed tree of urban areas and wildlands.

Well-known genera in the family include the tropical Quassia and Simarouba.

It is known in English by the common names of the quassia family or ailanthus family.
Adrián Paenza
Adrián Arnoldo Paenza (born 9 May 1949) is an Argentine journalist and PhD in mathematical sciences from the University of Buenos Aires (UBA).

He was born in Buenos Aires, Argentina in 1949 and holds a doctorate in  mathematics from the University of Buenos Aires, where he currently serves as Associate Professor of the Department of Mathematics of the Faculty of Natural Sciences. He is also a journalist and worked in the major radio stations, in all five air channels in Argentina, he was a special editor of several journals, and a contributor to the three national newspapers: Clarín, Página/12 and La Nación.

His children's book series, Matemática... ¿Estás ahí?, has been a bestseller in Argentina, other Latin American countries, and also in Germany and Spain, where they have edited the first two episodes. In 2014 he received the ICM Leelavati Award for his work in the dissemination of mathematics.

La Nación
La Nación (transl. "The Nation") is an Argentine daily newspaper. As the country's leading conservative newspaper, La Nación's main competitor is the more liberal Clarín. It is regarded as a newspaper of record for Argentina.

Its motto is: "La Nación will be a tribune of doctrine." It is the second most read newspaper in print, behind Clarín, and the third in digital format, behind Infobae and Clarín. In addition, it has an application for Android and iOS phones.

The newspaper's printing plant is in the City of Buenos Aires and its newsroom is in Vicente López, Province of Buenos Aires.

The newsroom also acts as a studio for the newspaper's TV channel, LN+.
Wendy Edmond
Wendy Marjorie Edmond, née Wood (born 27 April 1946) is a former Australian politician. Born in Bundaberg, she was a nuclear medicine technologist before entering politics. She was also a member of Amnesty International and the Wildlife Preservation Society, and had served as president of the Rainsworth Branch of the Labor Party. She married university lecturer David Edmond on 30 December 1972. In 1989, she was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Queensland for Mount Coot-tha. When Labor won government in 1998, she was appointed Minister for Health, and in 2001 was given additional responsibility for Women's Policy. Edmond retired from politics at the 2004 state election.

Electoral district of Mount Coot-tha
Mount Coot-tha was an electoral district in the Legislative Assembly of Queensland in the state of Queensland, Australia from 1950 to 2017.

The electoral district encompassed suburbs in Brisbane's inner-west, including Milton, Auchenflower, Paddington, Red Hill, Bardon and parts of the suburbs of Toowong, Kelvin Grove and Ashgrove. The district took its name from nearby Mount Coot-tha.

Mount Coot-tha was consistently the strongest-performing Queensland state seat for the Greens—22.2 per cent in 2015, 20.7 per cent in 2012 and 23.1 per cent in 2009.

Mount Coot-tha was abolished in a redistribution in 2016 which took effect at the 2017 state election. Most of its territory, including Mount Coot-tha, was merged with the bulk of Indooroopilly to form Maiwar, with other portions being transferred to the districts of Cooper and McConnel.
Wairarapa Moana Wetlands
The Wairarapa Moana Wetlands are a group of lakes and wetlands, located in the South Wairarapa District in the Wellington Region at the southern end of New Zealand's North Island. The wetland area includes Lake Wairarapa and the Wairarapa Lake Shore Scenic Reserve, Lake Ōnoke and Ōnoke Spit, and wetland areas around the lakes.

The wetland is the largest in the lower North Island,  one of the largest in New Zealand, and was recognised as a wetland of international significance under the Ramsar Convention in August 2020. It covers an area of 9,000 hectares (22,000 acres), with the largest part being Lake Wairarapa at 7,800 hectares (19,000 acres).

The wetland is administered by Wellington Regional Council, in conjunction with Kahungunu ki Wairarapa, the Department of Conservation, South Wairarapa District Council, and Rangitāne o Wairarapa.

Wellington Region
Greater Wellington, also known as the Wellington Region (Māori: Te Upoko o te Ika), is the southernmost region of the North Island of New Zealand. The local government region covers an area of 8,049 square kilometres (3,108 sq mi), and has a population of 543,400 (June 2025).

The region takes its name from Wellington, New Zealand's capital city and the region's seat. The Wellington urban area, including the cities of Wellington, Porirua, Lower Hutt, and Upper Hutt, accounts for 79 percent of the region's population; other major urban areas include the  Kapiti conurbation (Waikanae, Paraparaumu, Raumati Beach, Raumati South, and Paekākāriki) and the town of Masterton.
1977 Ryder Cup
The 22nd Ryder Cup Matches were held at the Royal Lytham & St Annes Golf Club in Lytham St Annes, England. The United States team won the competition by a score of 121⁄2 to 71⁄2 points.

The event was the last time that a Great Britain and Ireland team would compete for the Ryder Cup. During the competition, officials from the PGA of America and the PGA of Great Britain and Ireland discussed the possibility of allowing players from continental Europe to participate in the Cup, and Jack Nicklaus also advocated this change in a meeting with Lord Derby.
The Deed of Trust that was struck with the PGA of Great Britain and Samuel Ryder was amended in time for the 1979 matches, and changed the popularity and competitive balance of the Ryder Cup.

Continental Europe
Continental Europe or mainland Europe is the contiguous mainland of Europe, excluding its surrounding islands. It can also be referred to ambiguously as the European continent, – which can conversely mean the whole of Europe – and, by some, simply as the Continent. When Eurasia is regarded as a single continent, Europe is treated both as a continent and subcontinent.
Reptile Gardens
Reptile Gardens is a reptile-focused zoo south of Rapid City, South Dakota, on US 16 between Rapid City and Mount Rushmore. The park is open from the first Saturday of March through November 30 each year. Reptile Gardens was certified in the 2014 and 2018 editions of Guinness World Records as the world's largest reptile zoo.

U.S. Route 16
U.S. Highway 16 (US 16) is an east–west United States Numbered Highway between Rapid City, South Dakota, and Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming. The highway's eastern terminus is at a junction with Interstate 90 (I-90)/US 14, concurrent with I-190, in Rapid City. The western terminus is the east entrance to Yellowstone National Park, concurrent with US 14 and US 20. US 16 used to extend all the way to Michigan but has been truncated in favor of I-90 and I-96.
The Deep Blue Sea (1955 film)
The Deep Blue Sea is a 1955 British drama film directed by Anatole Litvak, starring Vivien Leigh and Kenneth More, and produced by London Films and released by Twentieth Century Fox. The picture was based on the 1952 play of the same name by Terence Rattigan.

Currently unavailable on DVD, the film was given a rare screening as part of the BFI Vivien Leigh Season in 2013, introduced by Sean O'Connor, producer of the 2011 version of the film by Terence Davies.  In November 2024, it was shown on Talking Pictures TV.

Talking Pictures TV
Talking Pictures TV (TPTV) is a British free-to-air vintage film and nostalgia television channel. It was launched on 26 May 2015 on Sky. Later it also became available on Freeview, Freesat and Virgin Media.

It is on air 24 hours a day and features mainly older British films, both classics and B-films. The schedule also includes some American films, straight-to-video programmes, cinema shorts, extended interviews with veteran actors and period home movies of British locations.

In July 2018, Talking Pictures TV had an audience share of 0.50%. As of 2019, it had reached an audience share of 0.63%.
Robert Rice (coach)
Robert Rice was an American college football and college basketball coach. He was the fourth head football coach at Northwest Missouri State Teacher's College—commonly known then as Maryville now known as Northwest Missouri State University—in Maryville, Missouri, serving for twos seasons, from 1919 to 1920, and compiling a record of 0–7. Rice was also the head basketball coach at Northwest Missouri State from 1919 to 1921.

Maryville, Missouri
Maryville is a city in and the county seat of Nodaway County, Missouri, United States. Located in the "Missouri Point" region, the city population was 10,633, according to the 2020 Census. Maryville is home to Northwest Missouri State University and Northwest Technical School. Maryville is the second-largest city (behind St. Joseph, Missouri) wholly within the boundaries of the 1836 Platte Purchase which expanded Missouri's borders into former Indian Territory in northwest Missouri.
Laufer (band)
Laufer was a rock band from Rijeka, Croatia that was active between 1986 and 1996. They were briefly active again after 2003.

They released two albums in 1994, The Best Off... under the minor label Corona, and Pustinje ("Deserts") under Croatia Records. In 2004, the former label released a compilation album Epitaf ("Epitaph"). The album The Best Off... was released again in 2010 by Dallas Records.

Krk
Krk (pronounced [kr̩̂k]; Italian: Veglia; Istro Romanian: Krk; Vegliot Dalmatian: Vikla; archaic German: Vegl, Latin: Curicta; Ancient Greek: Κύρικον, romanized: Kyrikon) is a Croatian island in the northern Adriatic Sea, located near Rijeka in the Bay of Kvarner and part of Primorje-Gorski Kotar county. Krk is tied with Cres as the largest Adriatic island, depending on the methodology used to measure the coastline. Krk is the most populous island in the Adriatic, with multiple towns and villages that contain a total of 19,916 (2021) inhabitants.
Government First Grade College, Krishnarajapuram
Government First Grade College, Krishnarajapuram, is a general degree college located at Krishnarajapuram (K.R. Puram), Bangalore, Karnataka. It is established in the year 1991. The college is affiliated with Bangalore University. This college offers different courses in arts, science and commerce.

Bangalore University
Bangalore University (BU) is a public state university in Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. The university is a part of the Association of Indian Universities (AIU), Association of Commonwealth Universities (ACU) and affiliated by University Grants Commission (UGC). Bangalore University is accredited by the NAAC with grade A++ in 2023. Bangalore University was trifurcated into Bengaluru City University and Bengaluru North University.