hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Papaya leaf curl virus
Papaya leaf curl virus (PaLCuV) is a DNA virus from the genus Begomovirus and the family Geminiviridae. PaLCuV causes severe disease in papaya (Carica papaya), but can sometimes infect other crops such as tobacco or tomato. It can be found in tropical and subtropical regions primarily in India, but closely related species have also been detected in countries such as China, Malaysia, Nigeria and South Korea. This virus is transmitted by an insect vector from the family Aleyrodidae and order Hemiptera, the whitefly Bemisia tabaci. PaLCuV has been responsible for several epidemics and causes severe economic losses. Because of the broad diversity of these viruses, their characterization and control remains difficult.

Whitefly
Whiteflies are hemipterans that typically feed on the undersides of plant leaves. They are classified in the family Aleyrodidae, the only family in the superfamily Aleyrodoidea. More than 1550 whitefly species have been described.
New Haven Ninjas
The New Haven Ninjas were an indoor American football team based in New Haven, Connecticut. They were an expansion team in the af2 for the 2002 season. On October 24, 2001, it was announced that Ninjas had won the name-the-team contest over Cyclones, Gladiators, Hawkeyes and ShoreDawgs. Along with the Ninjas, New Haven was joined by the Albany Conquest, Bakersfield Blitz, Cape Fear Wildcats, Fresno Frenzy, Hawaiian Islanders, Mobile Wizards, Mohegan Wolves, San Diego Riptide & the Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Pioneers. New Haven played in the American Conference of the Northeast Division. In 2002, the Ninjas finished 6–10, third in the Northeast Division.  Still, that wasn't enough to play football in August. After the 2002 season, the Ninjas folded because the New Haven Coliseum closed, and the experiment for arena football in New Haven was done.

South Georgia Wildcats
The South Georgia Wildcats were a professional arena football team based in Albany, Georgia. They were member of the South Division of the American Conference of Arenafootball2 (AF2).

The Wildcats joined the AF2 in 2002 as an expansion team, after the league granted an expansion franchise to Fayetteville, North Carolina. During their first 3 seasons they were known as the Cape Fear Wildcats until they relocated to Albany, Georgia in 2005. They played their home games at Albany Civic Center in Albany, Georgia.
Jerónimo Osório
D. Jerónimo Osório da Fonseca (1506 – 20 August 1580) was a Portuguese Roman Catholic humanist bishop, historian and polemicist. An extensive notice of his life and thought (Vita) was written by his nephew, a canon of Évora also named Jerónimo Osório, to introduce his edition of his uncle's Complete Works (dedicated to King Philip I of Portugal) published in 1592.

Don (honorific)
The terms Don (in Spanish and Italian), Dom (in Portuguese), and Domn (in Romanian), are honorific prefixes derived from the Latin Dominus, meaning "lord" or "owner". The honorific is commonly used in Spain, Portugal, and Italy, as well as in the Spanish-speaking world and Portuguese-speaking world, as well as some other places formerly colonized by Spain or Portugal. The feminine equivalents are Doña (Spanish: [ˈdoɲa]), Donna (Italian: [ˈdɔnna]), Doamnă (Romanian) and Dona (Portuguese: [ˈdonɐ]), meaning "lady".

The term is derived from the Latin dominus: a master of a household, a title with background from the Roman Republic in classical antiquity. With the abbreviated form having emerged as such in the Middle Ages, traditionally it is reserved for Catholic clergy and nobles, in addition to certain educational authorities and persons of high distinction.
Yasmin Fedda
Yasmin Fedda is a Palestinian filmmaker, artist, creative producer, and academic, based in the United Kingdom. She is most noted as a documentary film director, producer and programmer, and has taught with film organisations, NGOs and universities internationally. She was a co-founder of the project Highlight Arts, UK, which works with artists in times of conflict.

Her films have won awards and been screened at international festivals including the Sundance Film Festival and the Edinburgh Film Festival, as well as being broadcast by the BBC and Al Jazeera English. Fedda is a senior lecturer in film at Queen Mary University of London.

Al Jazeera English
Al Jazeera English (AJE; Arabic: الجزيرة, romanized: al-jazīrah, lit. 'the island', pronounced [æl (d)ʒæˈziːrɐ]), often known as Al Jazeera, is a 24-hour English-language news channel operating under Al Jazeera Media Network, which is partially funded by the government of Qatar. Al Jazeera introduced an English-language division in 2006. It is the first global English-language news channel to be headquartered in the Middle East.

Al Jazeera is known for its in-depth and frontline reporting particularly in conflict zones such as the Arab Spring, the Gaza–Israel conflict and others. Al Jazeera's coverage of the Arab Spring won the network numerous awards, including the Peabody Award. It positions itself as an alternative media platform to the dominance of Western media outlets like CNN and BBC, focusing on narrative reporting where subjects present their own stories.
Philip Ryan (priest)
Philip Ryan  was an Irish Anglican priest.

Ryan was born in County Tipperary and educated at Trinity College, Dublin. He was appointed Vicar choral and a prebendary of Lismore Cathedral, Ireland in 1802. In 1805 he became Rector of St. George's Church, Dublin. In 1810 he was appointed Archdeacon of Lismore, serving until  his death in 1828.

Lismore Cathedral, Ireland
St. Carthage's Cathedral, Lismore is a Church of Ireland cathedral in Lismore, County Waterford. It is in the ecclesiastical province of Dublin. Formerly the cathedral of the Diocese of Lismore, it is now one of six cathedrals in the  United Dioceses of Cashel and Ossory.
Midnight Phantom (TV series)
Midnight Phantom is a 2010 Philippine television drama romance series broadcast by ABS-CBN. The series is based on the Filipino pocket book novel of the same title created by Martha Cecilla, the series is eleventh installment of the Precious Hearts Romances Presents. Directed by Cathy Garcia-Molina, it stars Rafael Rosell, Denise Laurel and Ina Raymundo. It aired on the network's Hapontastic line up and worldwide on TFC from July 12 to August 13, 2010, and was replaced by He's Beautiful.

This also marks Ina Raymundo's comeback to the television scene after 8 years. Both Ina and Denise played a mother-daughter duo after being cast on the second book and season of Pangako Sa 'Yo in 2001.

You're Beautiful (TV series)
You're Beautiful (Korean: 미남이시네요) is a 2009 South Korean television series starring Jang Keun-suk, Park Shin-hye, Jung Yong-hwa of CNBLUE, and Lee Hong-gi of F.T. Island. The series follows a fictional musician band, A.N.JELL (Korean: 에이앤젤), and how the relationship between its members changes when a girl posing as her twin brother joins the band. It aired on SBS from October 7 to November 26, 2009, for 16 episodes.
One Minute Wonders
One Minute Wonders is a factual television series for children produced by Unique TV for CBBC. Starring David Schneider as the voice of Blink, the series consists of 13 episodes with each episode running 28 minutes.

The series combines live action material filmed by Unique TV, animation produced by Karrot Animation and archive footage from the BBC Worldwide Motion Gallery.

The series first aired on 5 January 2009 on BBC One.

CBBC
CBBC (short for Children's BBC) is a British free-to-air public broadcast children's television channel owned and operated by the BBC. It is also the brand used for all BBC content for children aged from 6 to 12. Its sister channel, CBeebies, is aimed at children aged 6 and under. It broadcasts every day from 7:00 am to 7:00 pm, timesharing with BBC Three.
Rutidea
Rutidea is a genus of plant in the family Rubiaceae. As of January 2026, Plants of the World Online accepted the following species:

Rutidea decorticata Hiern

Rutidea dupuisii De Wild.

Rutidea ferruginea Hiern

Rutidea fuscescens Hiern

Rutidea gabonensis Bridson

Rutidea glabra Hiern

Rutidea gracilis Bridson

Rutidea hirsuta Hiern

Rutidea hispida Hiern

Rutidea insculpta Mildbr. ex Bridson

Rutidea lujae De Wild.

Rutidea membranacea Hiern

Rutidea nigerica Bridson

Rutidea olenotricha Hiern

Rutidea orientalis Bridson

Rutidea parviflora DC.

Rutidea rufipilis Hiern

Rutidea seretii De Wild.

Rutidea smithii Hiern

Rutidea tenuicaulis K.Krause

Rutidea vanderystii Wernham

Rubiaceae
Rubiaceae (/ruːbiˈeɪsiːˌiː, -siˌaɪ/) is a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the coffee, madder, or bedstraw family. It consists of terrestrial trees, shrubs, lianas, or herbs that are recognizable by simple, opposite leaves with interpetiolar stipules and sympetalous actinomorphic flowers. The family contains about 14,200 species in about 615 genera, which makes it the fourth-largest angiosperm family by number of species. Rubiaceae has a cosmopolitan distribution; however, the largest species diversity is concentrated in the tropics and subtropics. Economically important genera include  Coffea, the source of coffee; Cinchona, the source of the antimalarial alkaloid quinine; ornamental cultivars (e.g., Gardenia, Ixora, Pentas); and historically some dye plants (e.g., Rubia).
Leonard McGrath
Leonard John McGrath (27 September 1897 – 2 December 1948) was an Irish dual player who played both football and hurling for Galway.

Born in Charters Towers, Queensland, Australia, McGrath came to Galway with his family in his youth. He made his first impression on the inter-county scene when he was a member of the Galway senior hurling team for the 1923 championship. McGrath won an All-Ireland medal that year as Galway secured their first hurling title. Two years later he won an All-Ireland medal with the Galway senior football team.

At club level McGrath played with Mullagh and St Grellan's.

He also played rugby, which earned him an expulsion from the GAA under Rule 27.

His medal collection was auctioned in 2020.

1923 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship
The 1923 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship was the 37th staging of the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, the Gaelic Athletic Association's premier inter-county hurling tournament. The championship began on 20 May 1923 and ended on 14 September 1924.

The championship was won by Galway who secured the title following a 7–3 to 4–5 defeat of Limerick in the All-Ireland final. This was their first All-Ireland title.

Kilkenny were the defending champions but were defeated by Galway in the All-Ireland semi-final.
American Whitewater
American Whitewater is a not-for-profit 501(c)3 membership organization with the declared mission "to conserve and restore America's whitewater resources and to enhance opportunities to enjoy them safely".  The organization can broadly be classified as an advocacy group that engages in a variety of tactics to ensure rivers are accessible to those who wish to use them. This includes working on lobbying efforts at local and national levels as well as maintaining and publishing information about river conservation, statistics on river use, accident reports, and river sports safety.

501(c) organization
A 501(c) organization is a nonprofit organization in the federal law of the United States according to Internal Revenue Code (26 U.S.C. § 501(c)). Such organizations are exempt from some federal income taxes. Sections 503 through 505 set out the requirements for obtaining such exemptions. Many states refer to Section 501(c) for definitions of organizations exempt from state taxation as well. 501(c) organizations can receive unlimited contributions from individuals, corporations, and unions.

For example, a nonprofit organization may be tax-exempt under section 501(c)(3) if its primary activities are charitable, religious, educational, scientific, literary, testing for public safety, fostering amateur sports competition, or preventing cruelty to children or animals.
2003 Women's World Floorball Championships
The 2003 Women's World Floorball Championships was the fourth world championship in women's floorball. The games were played in Bern, Gümligen and Wünnewil in Switzerland 17–24 May 2003. Sweden won the tournament, their second title defeating Switzerland, 8–1, in the final-game.

Italy, Malaysia and USA made their first appearances in the women's floorball world championships.

Malaysia women's national floorball team
Malaysia women's national floorball team is the national team of Malaysia.  At the 2003 Floorball Women's World Championship in Germany, the team finished tenth in the B-Division. At the 2005 Floorball Women's World Championship in Singapore, the team finished ninth in the B-Division.
Bulgarians in North Macedonia
Bulgarians are an ethnic minority in North Macedonia. Bulgarians are mostly found in the Strumica area, but over the years, the absolute majority of southeastern North Macedonia have declared themselves Macedonian. The town of Strumica and its surrounding area (including Novo Selo) were part of the Kingdom of Bulgaria between the Balkan Wars and the end of World War I, as well as during World War II. The total number of Bulgarians counted in the 2021 Census was 3,504 or roughly 0.2%. Over 100,000 nationals of North Macedonia have received Bulgarian citizenship since 2001 and some 53,000 are still waiting for such, almost all based on declared Bulgarian origin. In the period when North Macedonia was part of Yugoslavia, there was also migration of Bulgarians from the so called Western Outlands in Serbia.

Novo Selo, Novo Selo
Novo Selo (Macedonian: Ново Селоⓘ) is a large village in the southeastern part of North Macedonia. It is the administrative centre of the eponymous municipality. Located in the valley of the Strumica River 9 km from the Bulgarian border, and close to border with Greece, it has a population of 2,756 as of 2002. Novo Selo lies, 238 m above sea level. The etymology of the village comes from Slavic languages meaning new village, Novo Selo.
Mathias Lerch
Mathias Lerch or Matyáš Lerch (Czech: [ˈlɛrx]; 20 February 1860, Milínov – 3 August 1922, Sušice) was a Czech mathematician who published about 250 papers, largely on mathematical analysis and number theory. He studied in Prague (Czech Technical University) and Berlin; subsequently held teaching positions at the University of Fribourg in Switzerland, the Brno University of Technology in Brno, and finally at then newly founded (1920) Masaryk University in Brno where he became its first mathematics professor.

In 1900, he was awarded the Grand Prize of the French Academy of Sciences for his number-theoretic work. The Lerch zeta function is named after him, as is the Appell–Lerch sum. His doctoral students include Michel Plancherel and Otakar Borůvka.

Milínov
Milínov is a municipality and village in Plzeň-South District in the Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.

Milínov lies approximately 18 kilometres (11 mi) south-east of Plzeň and 78 km (48 mi) south-west of Prague.
Dangihat
Dangihat was a village development committee in Morang District in the Koshi Zone of south-eastern Nepal. It lies west of Bahuni. It consisted of 9 wards. People of different castes lived here, mainly Brahmin, Chhetri, Khawas, Rai, Limbu, and Rajbanshi. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 15,639 people living in 2992 individual households.

Kosi Zone
Kosi or Koshi (Nepali: कोसी अञ्चल, Nepali: कोशी अञ्चल Listenⓘ) was one of the fourteen zones of Nepal until the restructure of zones to provinces. The headquarters of Kosi Zone was Biratnagar which was also its largest city. Other cities of Kosi Zone were Inaruwa, Dharan, Dhankuta, Jhumka, Duhabi, Tarahara and Itahari. Its main rivers were Arun, Tamor and Sapta Koshi.
Hartig
Hartig is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Hartig Drug, a chain of pharmacy retail stores based out of Dubuque, Iowa

Friedrich Hartig (1900–1980), Italian  entomologist who specialised in Lepidoptera

Georg Ludwig Hartig (1764–1837), German agriculturist and writer on forestry

Heinz Friedrich Hartig (1907–1969), German composer and harpsichordist

Iulian Hartig (born 1998), Romanian rugby union player

Lukáš Hartig (born 1976), Czech football player

Robert Hartig  (1839–1901), German forestry scientist and mycologist, son of Theodor

Theodor Hartig (1805–1880), German forestry scientist and zoologist, son of Georg Ludwig

Georg Ludwig Hartig
Georg Ludwig Hartig (September 2, 1764 – February 2, 1837) was a German forester. Along with Heinrich Cotta he helped establish scientific forestry in Prussia, serving as the chief forester from 1811 and giving lectures on forestry at the University of Berlin from 1838 where he served as a professor. He established the goals of sustainable forestry and wrote several influential textbook for foresters.
Mary King (basketball)
Mary Cecile King (née Kennerty) is a former college basketball and tennis coach.  A native of Charleston, South Carolina, she attended Clemson University, graduating in 1973 with a degree in secondary education.  She taught history and coached girls' basketball at Russell High School in East Point, Georgia, in 1973–74, before returning to Clemson for graduate school.  King was named head coach of the women's basketball and women's tennis teams in 1975 for both teams' inaugural seasons.  After a 14–11 season in basketball, she handed the team to coach Annie Tribble for 1976–77, but continued coaching the tennis team until 1982.

Russell High School (East Point, Georgia)
Russell High School was a high school in East Point, Georgia, United States that opened in 1924.  Industrialist and philanthropist John J. Eagan donated the land for the school, provided the school was named after his uncle, the late William A. Russell a Confederate general.  After Eagan's father died, Russell gave financial and spiritual support to three-month-old John Eagan and his mother (Russell's sister).
Shimoga Venkatesh
Shimoga Venkatesh (died 4 February 2007) was an Indian actor. He was best known for his work on stage appearing in plays in Kannada during the modern theatre movement 1970s and 1980s. He was involved with theatre groups such as Benaka, Rangasampada and Nataranga of Bangalore. Venkatesh also appeared in films and television.

S. P. Bhargavi
S. P. Bhargavi is a 1991 Indian Kannada-language action film, written and directed by V. Somashekhar. The film stars Malashri in the title role, along with Devaraj.

The film's music was composed by Hamsalekha and the audio was launched under the Lahari Music banner.
It is the first movie of Devaraj as the leading hero Before he appeared in negative and supporting roles. S. P Bhargavi gave him a big breakthrough as the leading Hero.
Century (1999 book)
Century is a 1999 coffee table book published by Phaidon Press that is equal parts photography and history.  In the words of the author, Century is "an attempt to outline the history of the twentieth century as the camera has seen it."

The book was both conceived and edited by Bruce Bernard (1928–2000), a picture editor for The Sunday Times Magazine and a number of books on art and photography, including Photodiscovery. He curated 100 Photographs at the Victoria and Albert Museum. A book of which was published by Phaidon. An expanded edition was made after Bernard's death, showing pictures from 1999 to 2001

Phaidon Press
Phaidon Press is a global publisher of books on art, architecture, design, fashion, photography, and popular culture, as well as cookbooks, children's books, and travel books. The company is based in London and New York City, with additional offices in Paris and Berlin. With over 1,500 titles in print, Phaidon books are sold in over 100 countries and are printed in English, French, Spanish, German, Italian, Mandarin, and dozens of other languages. Since the publisher's founding in Vienna in 1923, Phaidon has sold almost 50 million books worldwide.
2020 Zed Tennis Open II
The 2020 Zed Tennis Open II was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the second edition of the tournament which was part of the 2020 ITF Women's World Tennis Tour. It took place in Cairo, Egypt between 17 and 23 February 2020.

Marta Kostyuk
Marta Olehivna Kostyuk (Ukrainian: Марта Олегівна Костюк [ˈmɑrtɐ koˈsʲtʲuk]; born 28 June 2002) is a Ukrainian professional tennis player. She has career-high WTA rankings of No. 16 in singles, achieved on 17 June 2024 and No. 27 in doubles, achieved on 8 May 2023. On the WTA Tour, she has won one singles title (2023 ATX Open) and two doubles titles (2022 Slovenia Open and 2023 Birmingham Classic). Her best major singles performance is reaching the quarterfinals of the 2024 Australian Open. She is the current No. 2 Ukrainian player.
Calcium hexaboride
Calcium hexaboride (sometimes calcium boride) is a compound of calcium and boron with the chemical formula CaB6. It is an important material due to its high electrical conductivity , hardness, chemical stability, and melting point. It is a black, lustrous, chemically inert powder with a low density. It has the cubic structure typical for metal hexaborides, with octahedral units of 6 boron atoms combined with calcium atoms. CaB6 and lanthanum-doped CaB6 both show weak ferromagnetic properties, which is a remarkable fact because calcium and boron are neither magnetic, nor have inner 3d or 4f electronic shells, which are usually required for ferromagnetism.

Melting point
The melting point (or, rarely, liquefaction point) of a substance is the temperature at which it changes state from solid to liquid. At the melting point the solid and liquid phase exist in equilibrium. The melting point of a substance depends on pressure and is usually specified at a standard pressure such as 1 atmosphere or 100 kPa.

When considered as the temperature of the reverse change from liquid to solid, it is referred to as the freezing point or crystallization point. Because of the ability of substances to supercool, the freezing point can easily appear to be below its actual value. When the "characteristic freezing point" of a substance is determined, in fact, the actual methodology is almost always "the principle of observing the disappearance rather than the formation of ice, that is, the melting point."
Collinsville Formation
The Collinsville Formation is a geologic formation in the U.S. state of Connecticut. It is a metamorphic rock formation from the Middle Ordovician epoch. The U.S. Geological Survey description includes that its "most complete sequence is in Shelburne Falls dome where L.M. Hall has recognized seven mappable subdivisions. With minor modification, they are (ascending) 1) amphibolite with thin felsic gneiss layers; 2) rusty-weathering massive granulites; 3) very homogeneous garnetiferous biotite gneiss; 4) interlayered amphibolite and felsic gneiss; 5) felsic gneiss with scattered biotite +/-magnetite, garnet, and hornblende; 6) interbedded amphibolite and white felsic gneiss; and 7) gray, tan-weathering granulites containing thin coticule layers."

Rock climbers use one of its features in Webb Mountain Park in Monroe, Connecticut.

Magnetite
Magnetite is a mineral and one of the main iron ores, with the chemical formula Fe2+Fe3+2O4. It is one of the oxides of iron, and is ferrimagnetic; it is attracted to a magnet and can be magnetized to become a permanent magnet itself. With the exception of extremely rare native iron deposits, it is the most magnetic of all the naturally occurring minerals on Earth.  Naturally magnetized pieces of magnetite, called lodestone, will attract small pieces of iron, which is how ancient peoples first discovered the property of magnetism.

Magnetite is black or brownish-black with a metallic luster, has a Mohs hardness of 5–6 and leaves a black streak. Small grains of magnetite are very common in igneous and metamorphic rocks.

The chemical IUPAC name is iron(II,III) oxide and the common chemical name is ferrous-ferric oxide.