hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Stanisław Adamski
Stanisław Adamski (12 April 1875 – 12 November 1967) was a Polish bishop, politician, and social and political activist of the Union of Catholic Societies of Polish Workers (Związek Katolickich Towarzystw Robotników Polskich), founder and editor of the Robotnik (Worker) weekly.

Adamski was born in Zielonagóra.  He was a Sejm deputy (1919–1922) and senator (1922–1927).

During World War II, Germans prevented him from carrying out his duties (1940–1945). Later, he was repressed by the communist government, removed from office in 1952, and upon being allowed in 1956, due to old age, delegated the responsibility to others.  He died in Katowice.

Political movement
A political movement is a collective attempt by a group of people to change government policy or social values. Political movements are usually in opposition to an element of the status quo, and are often associated with a certain ideology. Some theories of political movements are the political opportunity theory, which states that political movements stem from mere circumstances, and the resource mobilization theory which states that political movements result from strategic organization and relevant resources. Political movements are also related to political parties in the sense that they both aim to make an impact on the government and that several political parties have emerged from initial political movements. While political parties are engaged with a multitude of issues, political movements tend to focus on only one major issue.
Nielson Field
Nielson Field (Luzon, the Philippines) was the location of the Far East Air Force headquarters of the United States Army in the Philippines. Most of the aircraft of the FEAF were based at either Clark Field or Nichols Field. The cultural site was an Honourable Mention in the 2001 UNESCO Asia Pacific Heritage Awards.

UNESCO Asia-Pacific Heritage Awards
UNESCO Asia-Pacific Heritage Awards, also known as the UNESCO Asia-Pacific Awards for Cultural Heritage Conservation is a regional flagship programme of UNESCO since 2000, in recognition of the archievement made by the private sector and public-private initiatives in conserving or restoring cultural heritage sites in the Asia-Pacific region.

The objective is to motivate the protection of cultural heritage sites initiated by the private sector or through public-private collaboration.
Sebastian Seiler
Franz Sebastian Seiler (1810 – 4 December 1890) was a German, an associate of Wilhelm Weitling, a Swiss reformer. He was a journalist on the Rheinische Zeitung and a member of the Brussels Communist Correspondence Committee in 1846. Seiler was "a stenographer to the French National Assembly in 1848 and 1849." He joined the Communist League and took part in the 1848-1849 revolution in Germany. Following the suppression of that revolution, Seiler escaped to London, England in the 1850s. From 1859-1860 he was the editor of the Deutsche Zeitung, and he started a weekly paper in 1860, The New Orleans Journal. Seiler later worked for Negro suffrage.

Communist League
The Communist League (German: Bund der Kommunisten) was an international political party established on 1 June 1847 in London, England. The organisation was formed through the merger of the League of the Just, headed by Karl Schapper, and the Communist Correspondence Committee of Brussels, Belgium, in which Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels were the dominant personalities. The Communist League is regarded as the first Marxist political party and it was on behalf of this group that Marx and Engels wrote the Communist Manifesto late in 1847. The Communist League was formally disbanded in November 1852, following the Cologne Communist Trial.
Zacharovanyi Krai National Nature Park
Zacharovanyi Krai National Nature Park (Ukrainian: Національний природний парк «Зачарований край», lit. 'Enchanted Land') is one of the national parks, located in Zakarpattia Oblast in the country's southwest. It was established in 2009 and covers an area of 6,101 ha (61.01 km2). The park has its headquarters in the town of Irshava, Khust Raion.

The national park contains a varied flora and fauna, including Carpathian red deer, chamois, brown bear, wild boar, European badger, Eurasian lynx, European wildcat, Eurasian beaver, trout and grayling. The park was created to preserve, reproduce and efficient use of the typical and unique natural complexes of Eastern Carpathians.

Zacharovana Dolyna State Park and Chorne Bahno Swamps are parts of the Zacharovanyi Krai.

Chamois
The chamois (/ˈʃæmwɑː/; French: [ʃamwa] ⓘ) (Rupicapra rupicapra) or Alpine chamois is a species of goat-antelope native to mountainous parts of Europe and Western Asia, from the Pyrenees, the Alps, the Apennines, the Dinarides, the Tatra to the Carpathian Mountains, the Balkan Mountains, the Rila–Rhodope massif, Pindus, the northeastern mountains of Turkey, and the Caucasus. It has also been introduced to the South Island of New Zealand. Some subspecies of chamois are strictly protected in the EU under the European Habitats Directive.
Mariam Abdul Rashid
Mariam binti Abdul Rashid is a Malaysian politician who has served as a Member of the Selangor State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Meru since August 2023. She is a member of the National Trust Party (AMANAH), a component party of the Pakatan Harapan (PH) coalition.

Selangor State Legislative Assembly
The Selangor State Legislative Assembly (Malay: Dewan Negeri Selangor) is the unicameral state legislature of the Malaysian state of Selangor. The State Assembly is composed of 56 members representing single-member constituencies throughout the state. Elections are held no more than five years apart, and by Malaysian political convention, are conducted simultaneously with elections to the federal parliament and other state assemblies (except Sabah and Sarawak).

It convenes at the Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Building in the capital Shah Alam. Since 2008, Assembly proceedings have been broadcast live on the internet.
Roaring River (California)
The Roaring River is a 16.6-mile (26.7 km) long tributary of the South Fork Kings River, in the Sierra Nevada of Fresno County, California. The entire course of the river is within Kings Canyon National Park.

The river originates in the Great Western Divide at Triple Divide Peak, and flows northward through Cloud Canyon before turning northwest, entering Sugarloaf Valley, where it receives Sugarloaf Creek from the west. From there it flows north through a deep and inaccessible gorge, forming the Roaring River Falls near its confluence with the South Fork in Cedar Grove.

The coordinates of the Roaring River waterfall is:
36.7817993, -118.6218786.

Cedar Grove, Fresno County, California
Cedar Grove is an area within Kings Canyon National Park. Situated near the South Fork of the Kings River, in Fresno County, California, Cedar Grove and Grant Grove Village are the only commercially developed areas in the park. Facilities include the Cedar Grove Visitor Center, the Cedar Grove Lodge, a market and four campgrounds. The road into the canyon closes mid-November to mid-April.

Although John Muir referred to the area as "Deer Park" in 1891, the name Cedar Grove was in use by 1902. A small hotel was built without a permit in 1897 and was forced to close the next year. The name Cedar Grove Hotel appeared on the Tehipite 30' topographic map from 1905 to 1924. Incense-cedar are abundant in canyon.
Instrument myopia
Instrument myopia is the tendency of a person with normal eyes to focus them too close when looking into an optical instrument at its image. Optical instruments include viewfinders, telescopes, binoculars, and microscopes. For example, through a microscope, a person might focus the eyes to one meter distance although it can present an image at six meters distance.

Viewfinder
In photography, a viewfinder is a device on a camera that a photographer uses to determine exactly where the camera is pointed, and approximately how much of that view will be photographed. A viewfinder can be mechanical (indicating only direction and approximate view), with simple optical components, with precision optics and optical functions, or a digital accessory device used with digital cameras.
Anja Knippel
Anja Knippel (born 19 August 1974) is a retired German runner who specialised in the 800 metres. She was born in Schmalkalden.

At the 1999 World Indoor Championships she finished fourth in the 4 × 400 metres relay, together with teammates Anja Rücker, Ulrike Urbansky and Grit Breuer. At the 1999 World Championships she ran in the heats for the German team, helping to qualify for the final.

Her personal best time is 2:00.11 minutes, achieved in July 2002 in Cuxhaven.

4 × 400 metres relay
The 4 × 400 metres relay or long relay is an athletics track event in which teams consist of four runners who each complete 400 metres or one lap, totaling 1600 meters. It is traditionally the final event of a track meet. The first leg and the first bend of the second leg are run in lanes. Start lines are thus staggered over a greater distance than in an individual 400 metres race; the runners then typically move to the inside of the track. The slightly longer 4 × 440 yards relay, on an Imperial distance, was a formerly run British Commonwealth and American event, until metrication was completed in the 1970s.
Giant bible
Giant bibles, sometimes called lectern bibles, were large-format copies of the Bible in single or multiple volumes. Often illustrated, they were usually produced in monastic scriptoria. The golden age of their production was the Romanesque period (11th and 12th centuries) and they are generally associated with the Gregorian Reform and other monastic reforms. There were two main traditions, one originating in the archdiocese of Reims in northern France and another originating in central Italy. Examples of the latter tradition are known as the Atlantic bibles. Many subsequent giant bibles from northern Europe were inspired by the Atlantic bibles.

Gregorian Reform
The Gregorian Reforms were a series of reforms initiated by Pope Gregory VII and the circle he formed in the papal curia, c. 1050–1080, which dealt with the moral integrity and independence of the clergy. The reforms are considered to be named after Pope Gregory VII (1073–1085), though he personally denied it and claimed his reforms, like his regnal name, honoured Pope Gregory I.
Charter of St Buryan
The charter to the Church of St Buryan, granting land in 7 places in St Buryan parish, is an Anglo-Saxon charter that is said to date to 943 AD and is attributed to King Athelstan. However, it only survives as a later copy in the 14th century episcopal register of John Grandisson. In Grandission's register it is found as a copy of a confirmation of the original charter by William Briwere in 1238. It is written in Latin with a boundary clause mentioning pre-conquest Cornish place names. It is the oldest charter relating to Cornwall to contain a boundary clause.

Concurrence
In Western jurisprudence, concurrence (also contemporaneity or simultaneity) is the apparent need to prove the simultaneous occurrence of both actus reus ("guilty action") and mens rea ("guilty mind"), to constitute a crime; except in crimes of strict liability. In theory, if the actus reus does not  hold concurrence in point of time with the  mens rea then no crime has been committed.
Erriseask House
Erriseask House is a defunct restaurant and hotel in Ballyconneely, County Galway, Ireland. It was a fine dining restaurant that was awarded one Michelin star both in 2000 and 2001.

The hotel was owned by the brothers Matz, who sold the hotel in 2002. Stefan Matz was the head chef.

The hotel reopened in 2015 as the Connemara Sands Hotel, with Stefan Matz as Executive Head Chef.

Types of restaurant
Restaurants fall into several industry classifications, based upon menu style, preparation methods and pricing, as well as the means by which the food is served to the customer. This article mainly describes the situation in the US, while categorisation differs widely around the world.
Luc (surname)
Luc is a surname. Notable persons with that name include:

Giraut del Luc (fl. 1190–1197), French troubadour

Jacques de Saint-Luc, (1616–c. 1710), Walloon lutenist and composer

Jean-André de Luc (1727–1817), Swiss geologist and meteorologist

Jeff Luc (born 1992), American football player

Michel Luc (1927-2010), French zoologist

Sylvain Luc (1965-2024), French jazz guitarist

Michel Luc
Michel Luc (7 February 1927 – 18 January 2010) was a French zoologist (nematologist) and one of the founding fathers of the field of plant-nematology. He spent his career with ORSTOM (Office de la Recherche Scientifique et Technique Outre-Mer), now IRD (Institut de recherche pour le développement). He created the first French nematology laboratory in the ORSTOM research station of Adiopodoumé, near Abidjan (Ivory Coast) in 1955, and a second nematology lab at Dakar Bel-Air (Senegal) in 1969. In 1978, he launched the Revue de Nématologie (soon renamed Fundamental and Applied Nematology) that fused with Nematologica in 1999 to become Nematology, currently the leading nematology journal in the field. He was a world-renowned authority on nematode taxonomy.
Aşağıkanatlı, Kovancılar
Aşağıkanatlı is a village in the Kovancılar District of Elazığ Province in Turkey. The village is 97 km away from Elazığ and 26 km away from Kovancılar. The name of the village is mentioned as Lower Nasran in the records of 1928.

Villages of Turkey
A village (Turkish: köy, karye in the Ottoman era) is the second smallest settlement unit in Turkey.

The 51 regular provinces of Turkey and 30 province-level metropolitan municipalities are divided into districts.

A 2013 reform converted all 16,803 villages in the metropolitan municipalities, into neighborhoods (Turkish: mahalle) of the districts.

Remaining villages are in the rural areas of the districts in regular provinces, and have about 8.7% of the country's population. Each village or neighborhood elects a muhtar. Some more populous villages have been incorporated as towns (Turkish: belde), but in the others, the muhtar is responsible for all village services.

As of 2023, there are 18,277 villages and 32,261 neighbourhoods in Turkey.
1908 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1908.

Residue (chemistry)
In chemistry, residue is whatever remains or acts as a contaminant after a given class of events. Residue may be the material remaining after a process of preparation, separation, or purification, such as distillation, evaporation, or filtration. It may also denote the undesired by-products of a chemical reaction.

Residues as an undesired by-product are a concern in agricultural and food industries.
Arc fault
An arc fault is a high power discharge of electricity between two or more conductors.  This discharge generates heat, which can break down the wire's insulation and trigger an electrical fire. Arc faults can range in current from a few amps up to thousands of amps, and are highly variable in strength and duration.

Some common causes of arc fault are loose wire connections, over heated wires, or wires pinched by furniture.

Time-domain reflectometer
A time-domain reflectometer (TDR) is an electronic instrument used to determine the characteristics of electrical lines by observing reflected pulses. It can be used to characterize and locate faults in metallic cables (for example, twisted pair wire or coaxial cable),
and to locate discontinuities in a connector, printed circuit board, or any other electrical path.
2017–18 FIU Panthers women's basketball team
The 2017–18 FIU Panthers women's basketball team represented Florida International University during the 2017–18 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Panthers, led by second year head coach Tiara Malcom, played their home games at FIU Arena, and were members of Conference USA. They finished the season 8–21, 5–11 in C-USA play to finish in thirteenth place. They failed to qualify for the Conference USA women's tournament.

2018 Conference USA women's basketball tournament
The 2018 Conference USA women's basketball tournament was a postseason women's basketball tournament for the Conference USA held at The Ford Center at The Star in Frisco, Texas, from March 7 through March 10, 2018. Western Kentucky won their 3rd Conference USA tournament and earned an automatic bid to the 2018 NCAA Women's Division I Basketball Tournament.
Niksar
Niksar, historically known as Neocaesarea (Νεοκαισάρεια), is a city in Tokat Province, Turkey. It is the seat of Niksar District. Its population is 37,017 (2022). It was settled by many empires. Niksar is known as "Çukurova of North-Anatolia" due to its production of many kinds of fruits and vegetables. On May 2, 2018, Niksar was included in the World Heritage tentative list.

Çukurova
Çukurova (Turkish pronunciation: [tʃuˈkuɾova]), or the Cilician Plain (Cilicia Pedias in antiquity), is a large fertile plain in the Cilicia region of southern Anatolia. The plain covers the easternmost areas of Mersin Province, southern and central Adana Province, western Osmaniye Province and northwestern Hatay Province.
Lake Yasinski
Lake Yasinski (French: Lac Yasinski) is a lake in Baie-James municipality, Jamésie territory, in Nord-du-Québec, Quebec, Canada. It is in the James Bay drainage basin about 80 kilometres (50 mi) east of James Bay.

The primary inflow, at the southwest, is the Iskutawapu Sakahikanistikw River. The primary outflow at the west, is the Maquatua River, which flows to James Bay at the community of Wemindji.

The James Bay Road passes along the northeast shore of the lake and over the Lake Yasinki Culvert (French: Ponceau du Lac-Yasinski), just south of the start of the Trans-Taiga Road.

Trans-Taiga Road
The Trans-Taiga Road (French: Route Transtaïga) is an extremely remote wilderness road in northern Quebec, Canada. It is 582 kilometres (362 mi) long to Centrale Brisay and another 84 kilometres (52 mi) along the Caniapiscau Reservoir, all of it unpaved.

The road begins at 53°19′24″N 77°26′42″W﻿ / ﻿53.323336°N 77.445122°W﻿ / 53.323336; -77.445122﻿ (Start of Trans-Taiga Road) (km 544 of the James Bay Road) and ends at 54°49′40″N 69°51′29″W﻿ / ﻿54.827814°N 69.857950°W﻿ / 54.827814; -69.857950﻿ (End of Trans-Taiga Road), on the shores of the Caniapiscau Reservoir.
Dijon-Porte-Neuve station
Dijon-Porte-Neuve station (called Gare de Dijon-Porte-Neuve in France) is a French train station located at Junot Avenue in Dijon.  It is in the Côte-d'Or department, within France's Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region. Gare de Dijon-Porte-Neuve is the secondary station for the city of Dijon, with the primary station being Gare de Dijon-Ville. TER (Transport express régional) trains take six minutes to go from one station to the other, crossing the city. Gare de Dijon-Porte-Neuve is an SNCF (Société Nationale des Chemins de fer Français) train station, served by TER Bourgogne-Franche-Comté trains.

LGV Rhin-Rhône
The LGV Rhin-Rhône (French: Ligne à Grande Vitesse; English: high-speed line) is a French high-speed rail line, the first in France to be presented as an inter-regional route rather than a link from the provinces to Paris, though it actually is used by some trains to/from Paris.

The completed section, referred to as the first phase of the eastern branch,  is 140 km (87 mi) long, running from Villers-les-Pots, Côte-d'Or (east of Dijon) to Petit-Croix, Territoire de Belfort (east of Belfort). This section opened for service on 11 December 2011.
Outline of Eswatini
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Eswatini:

Eswatini (officially the Kingdom of Eswatini) – is a small, landlocked, sovereign country located in Southern Africa, bordered by South Africa on three sides except to the east, where it borders Mozambique.  The country, inhabited primarily by Bantu-speaking Swazi people, is named after the 19th-century king Mswati II, from whom the people also take their name.

Regions of Eswatini
Eswatini (formerly Swaziland) is divided into four regions: Hhohho, Lubombo, Manzini, and Shiselweni.  Each region is further divided into tinkhundla. There are 55 tinkhundla in Eswatini and each elects one representative to the House of Assembly of Eswatini. Tinkhundla are, in turn, divided into smaller imiphakatsi.
Air Inferno
Air Inferno is a 1990 flight simulation arcade video game developed and released by Taito, in Japan, Europe and North America. A spin-off from Taito's Landing series, Air Inferno is an aerial firefighting simulation that involves piloting a helicopter on various rescue missions, shooting a fire extinguisher to extinguish flames while rescuing civilians.

Like its predecessor Top Landing (1988), Air Inferno uses flat-shaded, 3D polygon graphics. Both games run on the Taito Air System hardware which uses 68000 (12 MHz) and Z80 (4 MHz) microprocessors as CPU and a TMS320C25 (24 MHz) digital signal processor as GPU. The game comes in two types of arcade cabinets: a deluxe motion simulator cockpit cabinet and a standard cockpit cabinet.

Motion simulator
A motion simulator or motion platform is a mechanism that creates the feelings of being in a real motion environment.  In a simulator, the movement is synchronised with a visual display of the outside world (OTW) scene.  Motion platforms can provide movement in all of the six degrees of freedom (DOF) that can be experienced by an object that is free to move, such as an aircraft or spacecraft:.  These are the three rotational degrees of freedom (roll, pitch, yaw) and three translational or linear degrees of freedom (surge, heave, sway).
The Nth Degree (Star Trek: The Next Generation)
"The Nth Degree" is the 93rd episode of the American science fiction television series Star Trek: The Next Generation, and the 19th episode of the fourth season. Set in the 24th century, the series follows the adventures of the Starfleet crew of the Federation starship Enterprise-D. Rob Legato directed and oversaw visual effects for the episode. He created a 3-D effect where the Cytherian's huge head appears to pop out of the screen, allowing him to have a face-to-face conversation with Picard.

3D television
3D television (3DTV) is television that conveys depth perception to the viewer by employing techniques such as stereoscopic display, multi-view display, or any other form of 3D display. Most modern 3D television sets use an active shutter 3D system or a polarized 3D system, and some are autostereoscopic without the need of glasses. As of 2017, most 3D TV sets and services are no longer available from manufacturers.
Blakea glandulosa
Blakea glandulosa is a species of plant in the family Melastomataceae. It is endemic to Ecuador.  Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.

Melastomataceae
Melastomataceae (/mɛləstoʊmɑːˈteɪsiˌaɪ, -siːˌiː/) is a family of dicotyledonous flowering plants found mostly in the tropics (two-thirds of the genera are from the New World tropics) comprising c. 175 genera and c. 5115 known species. Melastomes are annual or perennial herbs, shrubs, or small trees.