hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jar
A jar is a rigid, cylindrical, or slightly conical container, typically made of glass, ceramic, or plastic, with a wide mouth or opening that can be closed with a lid, screw cap, lug cap, cork stopper, roll-on cap, crimp-on cap, press-on cap, plastic shrink, heat-sealed lidding film, an inner seal, a tamper-evident band, or other suitable means. The English word "jar" originates from the Arabic word jarra, which means an earthen pot or vessel.

Lid
A lid or cover is part of a container, and serves as the closure or seal, usually one that completely closes the object. Lids can be placed on small containers such as tubs as well as larger lids for open-head pails and drums.
1974 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship
The 1974 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship was the 77th staging of the Offaly Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Offaly County Board in 1896.

St Rynagh's entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 25 August 1974 at St Brendan's Park in Birr, between St Rynagh's and Birr, in what was their second meeting in the final in overall. St Rynagh's won the match by 1–11 to 2–03 to claim their eighth championship title overall and a third championship title in succession.

Offaly GAA
The Offaly County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) (Irish: Bord Contae Uíbh Fhailí de Chumann Lúthchleas Gael) or Offaly GAA is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland, and is responsible for Gaelic games in County Offaly. Separate county boards are also responsible for the Offaly county teams.

The county hurling team won All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship (SHC) titles during the 1980s and 1990s. The county football team won All-Ireland Senior Football Championship (SFC) titles during the 1970s and 1980s.
Hanover, Pennsylvania
Hanover is a borough in York County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 16,429 at the 2020 census. Located 19 miles (31 km) southwest of York and 54 miles (87 km) north-northwest of Baltimore, Maryland, the town is situated in a productive agricultural region. It is named after the German city of Hanover and is a principal city of the York–Hanover metropolitan area.

Hanover was the site of the final encounter between the Union and Confederate armies before they fought against each other in the Battle of Gettysburg during the American Civil War. Hanover has since become known as the "Snack Food Capital of the World" due to the establishment of multiple food manufacturing businesses there during the 20th century. Notable companies based in the borough include Utz Brands and Snyder's of Hanover.

Borough (Pennsylvania)
In the United States Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, a borough (sometimes spelled boro) is a self-governing municipal entity, equivalent to a town in most jurisdictions, usually smaller than a city, but with a similar population density in its residential areas.  Sometimes thought of as "junior cities", boroughs generally have fewer powers and responsibilities than full-fledged cities.
Caufield
Caufield is an Irish surname, a variation to the name Caulfield. Notable people with the surname include:

Cole Caufield (born 2001), American ice hockey player

Frank J. Caufield (1939–2019), American businessman

James Caufield, American photographer

Jay Caufield (born 1960), American ice hockey player

LaNeishea Caufield (born 1980), American basketball player

Cole Caufield
Cole Caufield (born January 2, 2001) is an American-Canadian professional ice hockey player who is a winger for the Montreal Canadiens of the National Hockey League (NHL). He was selected in the first round, 15th overall, by the Canadiens in the 2019 NHL entry draft.

Following success with the USA Hockey National Team Development Program (USNTDP), Caufield played collegiately for the University of Wisconsin-Madison of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) for the 2019–20 and 2020–21 seasons. He won the Hobey Baker Award and was the leading goal and point-scorer for the 2020–21 NCAA season.

Internationally, Caufield has represented the United States in numerous tournaments including winning a gold medal at the U17 WHC, a silver and bronze medal at the 2018 U18 WJC and 2019 U18 WJC respectively, and a gold medal at the 2021 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships.
Trinity Park (Baseball Park)
Trinity Park was a minor league baseball park located in Dallas, Texas, and was one of the Texas League champion Dallas Hams home ballparks from 1897 to 1904. The ballpark existed in the bottom of the Trinity River; the Houston Street viaduct presently goes over where right field existed.

The Oak Cliff Railroad ran special trains with a 5¢ charge to enable fans to get to the ground.

Trinity River (Texas)
The Trinity River is a 710-mile (1,140 km) river. It rises in extreme northern Texas, a few miles south of the Red River. The headwaters are separated by the high bluffs on the southern side of the Red River.

The Trinity River was previously identified as the stream that the Caddo called Arkikosa in Central Texas and Daycoa nearer the coast. However, in 2022, language preservationists from the Caddo Nation determined their ancestral language lacked the letter “R” sound. Arkikosa was likely a corruption or misspelling of the word Akokisa. In the vernacular of another tribe, the Atakapa who settled in the Gulf Coast woodlands, Akokisa means “river people.” French explorer Robert Cavelier de La Salle, in 1687, named the river, Riviere des canoës ("River of Canoes"). In 1690 Spanish explorer Alonso de León named it, "La Santísima Trinidad" ("the Most Holy Trinity").
Photoaffinity labeling
Photoaffinity labeling is a chemoproteomics technique used to attach "labels" to the active site of a large molecule, especially a protein. The "label" attaches to the molecule loosely and reversibly, and has an inactive site which can be converted using photolysis into a highly reactive form, which causes the label to bind more permanently to the large molecule via a covalent bond. The technique was first described in the 1970s. Molecules that have been used as labels in this process are often analogs of complex molecules, in which certain functional groups are replaced with a photoreactive group, such as an azide, a diazirine or a benzophenone.

Photodissociation
Photodissociation, photolysis, photodecomposition, or photofragmentation is a chemical reaction in which molecules of a chemical compound are broken down by absorption of light (photons). It is defined as the interaction of one or more photons with one target molecule that dissociates into two fragments.

Here, “light” is broadly defined as radiation spanning the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV), ultraviolet (UV), visible, and infrared (IR) regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. To break covalent bonds, photon energies corresponding to visible, UV, or VUV light are typically required, whereas IR photons may be sufficiently energetic to detach ligands from coordination complexes or to fragment supramolecular complexes.
Cacography
Cacography is bad spelling or bad handwriting. The term in the sense of "poor spelling, accentuation, and punctuation" is a semantic antonym to orthography, and in the sense of "poor handwriting" it is an etymological antonym to the word calligraphy: cacography is from Greek κακός (kakos "bad") and γραφή (graphe "writing").

Cacography is also deliberate comic misspelling, a type of humour similar to malapropism.

A common usage of cacography is to caricature illiterate speakers, as with eye dialect spelling. Others include the use to indicate that something was written by a child, to indirectly voice a cute or funny animal in a meme such as the captioned photo of a British shorthair that was the namesake of I Can Has Cheezburger?, or because the misspelling bears a humorous resemblance to a completely unrelated word.

Handwriting
Handwriting is the personal and unique style of writing with a writing instrument, such as a pen or pencil in the hand. Handwriting includes both block and cursive styles and is separate from generic and formal handwriting script/style, calligraphy or typeface. Because each person's handwriting is unique and different, it can be used to verify a document's writer. The deterioration of a person's handwriting is also a symptom or result of several different diseases. The inability to produce clear and coherent handwriting is also known as dysgraphia.
François Ducuing
François Ducuing (23 May 1817 – 2 October 1875) was a French journalist and politician. He served as a member of the National Assembly from 1871 to 1875, representing Hautes-Pyrénées. He belonged to the Centre gauche parliamentary group.

Hautes-Pyrénées
Hautes-Pyrénées (French pronunciation: [ot piʁene] ⓘ; Gascon/Occitan: Nauts Pirenèus / Hauts Pirenèus ['awts piɾeˈnɛʊs]; Spanish: Altos Pirineos; Catalan: Alts Pirineus ['alts piɾiˈneʊs]; ) is a department in the region of Occitania, southwestern France. The department is bordered by Pyrénées-Atlantiques to the west, Gers to the north, Haute-Garonne to the east, as well by the Spanish province of Huesca in the autonomous community of Aragon to the south. In 2019, its population was 229,567; its prefecture is Tarbes. It is named after the Pyrenees mountain range.
Hartbeespoort Aerial Cableway
The Hartbeespoort Aerial Cableway (or Harties Cableway), originally constructed in 1973, is a 1.2 km long cableway that extends to the top of the Magaliesberg and offers panoramic views of the Magaliesberg, Hartbeespoort Dam and the surrounding area. It is situated 1 km to the north of the town of Hartbeespoort in the North West Province, and is the longest mono-cableway in Africa. In 2010 the cableway was completely revamped and modernised by Zargodox (Pty) Ltd, and officially reopened on 14 August 2010 by the then Minister of Tourism Marthinus van Schalkwyk. The aerial cableway is open seven days a week.

North West (South African province)
North West (Afrikaans: Noord-Wes [nuərtˈvɛs]; Tswana: Bokone Bophirima) is a province of South Africa. Its capital is Mahikeng. The province is located to the west of the major population centre and province of Gauteng, to the south of the country of Botswana, and southwest of the northernmost province of Limpopo.
Mount Smythe (British Columbia)
Mount Smythe is a mountain located between the headwaters of Tuchodi and Warneford Rivers, on the boundary between Kwadacha Wilderness Provincial Park and Northern Rocky Mountains Provincial Park, SW of Fort Nelson, British Columbia.

Northern Rocky Mountains Provincial Park
Northern Rocky Mountains Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada.  It is located in the north-eastern part of the province, 90 km south-west from Fort Nelson and it is bordered to the north by the Alaska Highway.  Access is mostly done by boat, aircraft, on horseback or by hiking.

At 6,657.1 km2, it is the largest protected area in the Muskwa-Kechika Management Area and the third largest provincial park in British Columbia. The park borders Stone Mountain Provincial Park to the north-west and Kwadacha Wilderness Provincial Park to the south-west, creating a large contiguous protected area in the Muskwa Ranges of the Canadian Rockies.
Sushila Nayyar
Sushila Nayyar, also spelt 'Nayar' (26 December 1914 – 3 January 2001), was an Indian physician, Gandhian and politician who served as the Minister of State for Health and Family welfare. She played a leading role in public health, medical education and social and rural reconstruction in India.  She became Gandhi's personal physician and an important member of his inner circle. Later, she wrote several books based on her experiences. Her brother, Pyarelal Nayyar, was the personal secretary to Gandhi.

Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW) is a ministry of the Government of India charged with health policy in India. It is also responsible for all government programs relating to family planning in India.

The Minister of Health and Family Welfare holds cabinet rank as a member of the Council of Ministers. The current minister is  Jagat Prakash Nadda, while the current Minister of State for Health are Anupriya Patel and Prataprao Ganpatrao Jadhav.

Since 1955, the Ministry regularly publishes the Indian Pharmacopoeia through the Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission (IPC), an autonomous body for setting standards for drugs, pharmaceuticals and healthcare devices and technologies in India.
Budd Company
The Budd Company was a 20th-century metal fabricator, a major supplier of body components to the automobile industry, and a manufacturer of stainless steel passenger rail cars, airframes, missile and space vehicles, and various defense products.

The company was founded in 1912 in Philadelphia by Edward G. Budd, whose fame came from his development of the first all-steel automobile bodies in 1913, and his company's invention of the "shotweld" technique for joining pieces of stainless steel without damaging its anti-corrosion properties in the 1930s.

The Budd Company became part of Budd Thyssen in 1978, and in 1999 a part of ThyssenKrupp Budd. Body and chassis operations were sold to Martinrea International in 2006. No longer an operating company, Budd filed for bankruptcy in 2014. It currently exists to provide benefits to its retirees.

Corrosion inhibitor
A corrosion inhibitor or anti-corrosive is a chemical compound added to a liquid or gas to decrease the corrosion rate of a metal that comes into contact with the fluid. The effectiveness of a corrosion inhibitor depends on fluid composition and dynamics. Corrosion inhibitors are common in industry, and also found in over-the-counter products, typically in spray form in combination with a lubricant and sometimes a penetrating oil. They may be added to water to prevent leaching of lead or copper from pipes.

A common mechanism for inhibiting corrosion involves formation of a coating, often a passivation layer, which prevents access of the corrosive substance to the metal. Permanent treatments such as chrome plating are not generally considered inhibitors, however: corrosion inhibitors are additives to the fluids that surround the metal or related object.
Fraijanes
Fraijanes is a town, with a population of 60,288 (2018 census), and a municipality in the Guatemala department of Guatemala.

It is known for its fine tasting coffee, which is slightly more acidic than that of Antigua Guatemala.

Antigua Guatemala
Antigua Guatemala (Spanish pronunciation: [anˈtiɣwa ɣwateˈmala]), commonly known as Antigua or La Antigua, is a city in the central highlands of Guatemala. The city was the capital of the Captaincy General of Guatemala from 1543 through 1773, with much of its Baroque-influenced architecture and layout dating from that period. Antigua Guatemala serves as the capital of the homonymous municipality and the Sacatepéquez Department.

Because of its outstanding Spanish Baroque-influenced architecture, layout, churches, and ruins, and the city's importance during the early colonial period of the country, Antigua Guatemala was designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979.
Henny Scholtz
Hendrik Jacobus "Henny" Scholtz (born 30 January 1911 in Amsterdam) was a sailor from the Netherlands, who represented his country at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Enoshima. Scholtz, as crew on the Dutch Dragon took the 13th place with helmsman Wim van Duyl, fellow crew member Jan Jongkind (Race 1 – 4) and Dick Wayboer (Race 5 – 7).

In the 1936 Olympics in Kiel Scholtz was substitute for the Dutch Star who took the Bronze medal. Scholtz was also heavily involved in the preparation of the Dutch Olympic Sailing Team for the 1980 Summer Olympics in Tallinn.

Sailing at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Sailing/Yachting is an Olympic sport starting from the Games of the 1st Olympiad (1896 Olympics in Athens, Greece). With the exception of 1904 and the canceled 1916 Summer Olympics, sailing has always been included on the Olympic schedule. The Sailing program of 1980 consisted of a total of six sailing classes (disciplines). For each class seven races were scheduled from 19 to 29 July 1980 of the coast of Tallinn (district of Pirita, in present-day Estonia), in that time an illegally annexed part of the USSR at the Baltic Sea. The sailing was done on the triangular type Olympic courses.
Belsky District
Belsky District is the name of several administrative and municipal districts in Russia.

Belsky District, Tver Oblast, an administrative district of Tver Oblast

Belsky District, the name of Lyubytinsky District of Leningrad Oblast (now of Novgorod Oblast) in 1927–1931

Belsk district, Belastok Region, a district (1940-1944) in Belastok Region of Belarusian SSR centered at Bielsk Podlaski, transferred back to Poland at the end of World War II

Belsky District, Kirov Oblast, Kirov Oblast, Soviet Union (1935–1956)

Kirov Oblast
Kirov Oblast (Russian: Кировская область, romanized: Kirovskaya oblast', IPA: [ˈkʲirəfskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast) located in Eastern Europe. Its administrative center is the city of Kirov. As of the 2010 census, the population is 1,341,312.
All-Ireland Senior Club Camogie Championship 1981
The 1981 All-Ireland Senior Club Camogie Championship for the leading clubs in the women's team field sport of camogie was won by Buffers Alley from Wexford, who defeated Killeagh from Cork in the final, played at Gaultier . It was the first leg of a record four in a row won by the club.

Gaultier GAA
Gaultier GAA Club is a Gaelic Athletic Association club located on the outskirts of Dunmore East in County Waterford, Ireland. Situated on the west side of Waterford Harbour on Ireland's southeastern coast, the village of Dunmore East lies within the Barony of Gaultier. This name, Gáll Tír meaning "foreigners' land" in Irish, refers to the influx of firstly Viking and then Norman settlers in the area. The club is exclusively concerned with Gaelic football.
Pristimantis mondolfii
Pristimantis mondolfii is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae.

It is endemic to Venezuela where it is only known from its type locality, Matamula in Delicias, Táchira, western Venezuela.
Its natural habitat is tropical seasonal (semi-deciduous) forest. It is probably affected by habitat loss caused by coffee plantations.

Strabomantidae
The Strabomantidae, sometimes called cloud forest landfrogs, are a family of frogs native to South America. These frogs lack a free-living larval stage and hatch directly into miniature "froglets". This family includes Pristimantis, the most speciose genus of any vertebrate. Based on molecular dating, the Holoadeninae in particular appears to have originated in the Eocene. The Oligocene-Miocene transition was also found to be important to their biogeographical history. However, the lack of Holoadeninae fossils and limited nucleotide data ambiguates the results, by the authors' admission.
John Edwards (missionary)
John Edwards  (1828-1903) was an American missionary who was sent to the homeland of the Choctaw Indians in the mid 19th century. Born in Bath, New York on January 21, 1828, he graduated from Princeton Seminary in 1848, and sent to the Choctaw Nation (now part of Southeastern Oklahoma), in 1851. He soon succeeded Alfred Wright as superintendent of the Wheelock Mission, but was forced to flee Indian Territory when a band of Confederate-supporting Choctaws and Texas troops threatened to hang him because he refused to support their side in 1861. Although he returned to Wheelock and attempted to help rebuild the mission complex, his health was too poor to let him remain. Instead, he died in Oakland, California on February 18, 1903. He was most noted for his services to Wheelock Mission (near what is now Eagletown, Oklahoma.)

Bath, New York
Bath is a town in Steuben County, New York, United States, with an area of 96.3 square miles (249 km2) and a population of 11,426 in 2020. Its largest settlement is the Village of Bath, which has an area of 2.9 sq mi (7.5 km2) and a population of 5,641 (in 2000). The Village is the county seat of Steuben County. The Town is located in the central part of the county, northwest of Elmira. The town and village are either named after the city of Bath in England or after Lady Bath, daughter of a landowner.
2005 Australian Individual Speedway Championship
The 2005 Australian Individual Speedway Championship was a motorcycle speedway competition organised by Motorcycling Australia (MA) for the Australian Individual Speedway Championship. The event was held over four rounds.

Leigh Adams won his eighth championship.

Leigh Adams
Leigh Scott Adams (born 28 April 1971 in Mildura, Victoria) is an Australian former motorcycle speedway rider. He is a multiple Speedway Grand Prix winner and World Team Champion. He also won a record ten Australian individual championships, four Australian Under-21 Championships and the 1992 Individual Speedway Junior World Championship.
Andres Barrioquinto
Andres Barrioquinto (born April 6, 1975) is a Filipino artist known for his surrealistic portraits that combines elements deriving from the iconography and aesthetic of Baroque with Japanese woodcuts (ukiyo-e), reinterpreted into a Pop style.

In his paintings, men, women, and anthropomorphic animals are shown in forests plentiful with butterflies and birds, introducing the theme of vanitas in a context of strong visual impact.

Vanitas
Vanitas is a genre of memento mori symbolizing the transience of life, the futility of pleasure, and the certainty of death, and thus the vanity of ambition and all worldly desires. The paintings involved still life imagery of transitory items. The genre began in the 16th century and continued into the 17th century. Vanitas art is a type of allegorical art representing a higher ideal. It was a sub-genre of painting heavily employed by Dutch painters during the Baroque period (c.1585–1730). Spanish painters working at the end of the Spanish Golden Age also created vanitas paintings.
Adrien Sibomana
Adrien Sibomana (born 4 September 1953, in Bukeye, Muramvya) was the prime minister of Burundi from 19 October 1988 until 10 July 1993. He was a member of UPRONA. He is an ethnic Hutu and was appointed by the Tutsi President Pierre Buyoya in an unsuccessful attempt to appease Hutus by giving a few high government posts to them. Sibomana was the first Hutu prime minister since 1973 and  had been the governor of Muramvya Province previously.

Retired from politics after this experience, he is currently leading the movement of organic agriculture in Burundi. He is an active member of KiliMohai   East African organic label, which is part of IFOAM East Africa. He declares being involved in organic agriculture since 2011.

Tutsi
The Tutsi (/ˈtʊtsi/ TUUT-see), also called Watusi, Watutsi or Abatutsi (Kinyarwanda pronunciation: [ɑ.βɑ.tuː.t͡si]), are an ethnic group established primarily in Rwanda and Burundi. They are a Bantu-speaking people and the second-largest of three main ethnic groups in Rwanda and Burundi, the other two being the Hutu and Twa.

Historically, the Tutsi were pastoralists and filled the ranks of the warrior caste. Before 1962, they regulated and controlled Rwandan society, which consisted of Tutsi aristocrats and Hutu commoners under a clientship structure. The Tutsi occupied the dominant positions in the sharply stratified society and constituted the ruling class.
Sivayya
Sivayya (transl. Lord Shiva) is a 1998 Indian Telugu action drama film directed by R. Suresh Varma and written by Posani Krishna Murali. The film stars Rajasekhar, Sanghavi, Monica Bedi and Srihari.

The film was a box office success. It was later dubbed in Tamil as Thalaiva. It was also remade in Hindi as Aaghaaz, and in Kannada as Dandanayaka.

Sanghavi
Sanghavi  (born Kavya Ramesh) is an Indian former actress and a model known for her work predominantly in Tamil and Telugu films. She was one of the leading actresses in South Indian cinema from 1993 to 2004. In a career spanning 15 years, she has starred in over eighty feature films—38 in Telugu, 35 films in Tamil, eight in Kannada, two in Malayalam and one film in Hindi.