hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kobotoke Barrier
The Kobotoke Barrier (小仏関跡, Kobotoke seki ato) was a checkpoint operated by the Tokugawa Shogunate in Edo period Japan to control travel on the Kōshū Kaidō highway in what is now the city of Hachiōji, Tokyo in the Kantō region of Japan. It received protection as a National Historic Site in 1933.

Hachiōji
Hachiōji (八王子市, Hachiōji-shi) is a city located in the western portion of the Tokyo Metropolis, Japan. As of 31 March 2021, the city has an estimated population of 561,344, and a population density of 3,000 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 186.38 km2 (71.96 sq mi). It is the most populous city in Tokyo outside of the special wards.
In 2015, it was designated as a core city for the first time in Tokyo. It was the second city in Tokyo Prefecture (present-day Tokyo) to implement the municipal system after Tokyo City (present-day Tokyo's 23 wards).
Leandro Fernández (actor)
Leandro Fernández is a Colombian-Spanish actor, musician and director. Son of actor and painter Domingo Fernández Adeba and brother of renowned actor Helios Fernández, and actress and musician Paola Fernández, Fernández studied on "Instituto Departamental de Bellas Artes" in Cali, Colombia, film direction in Madrid, Spain and moved to Miami, FL where he has been promoting the Hispanic theater since his arrival in 1999.

Dame Chocolate
Dame Chocolate (International Title:Sweet Secret) is an American Spanish-language telenovela, which was produced by the United States-based television network Telemundo and aired from March 5 until  October 5, 2007. This limited-run serial stars Génesis Rodríguez as a sweet, simple girl who leaves rural Mexico for Miami in the US to fulfill her destiny in the chocolate business. Elements of this romantic soap opera resemble Ugly Betty, the Tammy films, The Beverly Hillbillies and No Holds Barred.

Lionsgate Home Entertainment and Xenon Pictures released a four-disc DVD set of Dame Chocolate in the US on November 27, 2007. The abridged version runs over 13 hours. It includes English subtitles and carries a TV-PG rating.
Boatbill
Boatbill can refer to a number of bird species:

the boat-billed heron, Cochlearius cochlearius

the boat-billed flycatcher, Megarynchus pitangua

either of the two boatbills in the genus Machaerirhynchus:
Black-breasted boatbill, M. nigripectus
Yellow-breasted boatbill, M. flaviventer

Boat-billed flycatcher
The boat-billed flycatcher (Megarynchus pitangua) is a large member of the family Tyrannidae, the tyrant flycatchers. It is found in Mexico, in every Central American country, on Trinidad, and in every mainland South American country though only as a vagrant in Chile.
Utricularia forrestii
Utricularia forrestii is a small perennial carnivorous plant that belongs to the genus Utricularia. Its native distribution includes northern Burma and western China. It is represented in herberia by only four specimens. U. forrestii grows as a lithophyte on rocks among mosses at altitudes from 2,100 m (6,890 ft) to 3,000 m (9,843 ft). It was originally described by Peter Taylor in 1986 and named in honor of George Forrest.

Lithophyte
Lithophytes are plants that grow in or on rocks.  Epilithic (or epipetric) lithophytes grow on the surfaces of rocks, while endolithic (or chasmophytes) lithophytes grow in the cracks or crevices of rocks. Obligate lithophytes grow solely on rocks, while facultative lithophytes will grow partially on a rock and on another substrate simultaneously.
Máxima (TV series)
Máxima is a Dutch biographical television series developed by Videoland and based on the 2022 novel Máxima Zorreguieta: Motherland by author Marcia Luyten. The series revolves around the early life of Queen Máxima of the Netherlands and the beginnings of her relationship with Willem-Alexander. It  premiered in the Netherlands on 20 April 2024 with six episodes, and in Spain on Antena 3 on 19 June 2024. It premiered in Latin America on 15 August 2024 on Max. A second season is scheduled for release in March 2026.
A spin-off series focusing on Princesses Mabel and Margarita is currently in development.

Videoland (Netherlands)
Videoland is a Dutch OTT online service provider owned by RTL Nederland, a subsidiary of DPG Media. Originally it was a retail chain of video rental stores. Its main competitor is Netflix. Videoland is registrered as a VOD-service in Luxembourg; hence the law of Luxembourg (as is for the tv-stations RTL4, RTL5 etc) applies to Videoland.
1986 Tirreno–Adriatico
The 1986 Tirreno–Adriatico was the 21st edition of the Tirreno–Adriatico cycle race and was held from 6 March to 12 March 1986. The race started in Ladispoli and finished in San Benedetto del Tronto. The race was won by Luciano Rabottini of the Vini Ricordi–Pinarello–Sidermec team.

San Benedetto del Tronto
San Benedetto del Tronto is a city and comune in Marche, Italy. Part of an urban area with 100,000 inhabitants, it is one of the most densely populated areas along the Adriatic Sea coast. It is the most populated city in Province of Ascoli Piceno, with 47,019 (December 2024). Its port is one of the biggest on the Adriatic; it is the most important centre of Riviera of the Palms, with over 8,000 Phoenix canariensis, Washingtonia and P. sylvestris plants. San Benedetto del Tronto's economy depends on tourism, aimed above all at families.
Khagaraj Adhikari
Khagaraj Adhikari (Nepali: खगराज अधिकारी) is a Nepalese politician who formerly served as a Minister of Home Affairs of Government of Nepal. He became a minister on 4 June 2021 but was removed from the post by the Supreme Court on 22 June 2021, making his tenure of just 18 days the shortest tenure till date. He is a member of Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist), He also assumed the post of the Minister of Health and Population of Nepal on 25 February 2014 under Sushil Koirala-led government. He is mostly known for launching Government Health insurance plan.

Sushil Koirala
Sushil Prasad Koirala (Nepali: सुशील कोइराला; 12 August 1939 – 9 February 2016) was a Nepalese politician and the Prime Minister of Nepal from 11 February 2014 to 10 October 2015. He was also President of the Nepali Congress from 2010 to 2016, having earlier served in various capacities in the party.
Nord Electro
The Nord Electro is a series of electronic keyboards, developed in Sweden by Clavia, that digitally emulate electro-mechanical keyboards, such as electric pianos and electronic organs, while being much more portable.

Electronic keyboard
An electronic keyboard, portable keyboard, or digital keyboard is an electronic musical instrument based on keyboard instruments. Electronic keyboards include synthesizers, digital pianos, stage pianos, electronic organs and digital audio workstations. In technical terms, an electronic keyboard is a rompler-based synthesizer with a low-wattage power amplifier and small loudspeakers.

Electronic keyboards offer a diverse selection of instrument sounds (piano, organ, violin, etc.) along with synthesizer tones. Designed primarily for beginners and home users, they generally feature unweighted keys. While budget models lack velocity sensitivity, mid-range options and above often include it.  These keyboards have limited sound editing options, focusing on preset sounds. Casio and Yamaha are major manufacturers in this market, known for popularizing the concept since the 1980s.
Aizen-in
Aizen-in (愛染院) is a Kōya-san Shingon temple in Itano, Tokushima Prefecture, Japan. This is the temple of Inner Sanctum of No.3 Konsen-ji Temple. The temple is said to have been founded by Kōbō Daishi in 815, who also carved the main image of Fudō Myōō. This temple is placed on the Shikoku Pilgrimage Trail. More 2 km to No.4 Dainichi-ji temple from here.

Tokushima Prefecture
Tokushima Prefecture (徳島県, Tokushima-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [to.kɯ̥ꜜ.ɕi.ma, tokɯ̥.ɕiꜜ.ma, to.kɯ̥.ɕi.maꜜ.keɴ]) is a prefecture of Japan located on the island of Shikoku. Tokushima Prefecture has a population of 682,439 (1 February 2025) and has a geographic area of 4,146 km2 (1,601 sq mi). Tokushima Prefecture borders Kagawa Prefecture to the north, Ehime Prefecture to the west, and Kōchi Prefecture to the southwest.

Tokushima is the capital and largest city of Tokushima Prefecture, with other major cities including Anan, Naruto, and Yoshinogawa. Tokushima Prefecture is located on the Kii Channel, connecting the Pacific Ocean and Seto Inland Sea, across from Wakayama Prefecture on the Kii Peninsula of the island of Honshu. Tokushima Prefecture is connected to Awaji Island across the Naruto Strait by the Ōnaruto Bridge as part of the Kobe-Awaji-Naruto Expressway, connecting the prefecture to the city of Kobe and the San'yō Expressway on Honshu.
Synthesis (journal)
Synthesis is a scientific journal published from 1969 to the present day by Thieme. Its stated purpose is the "advancement of the science of synthetic chemistry".

From August 2006, selected articles are offered free of charge. The impact factor of this journal is 2.867 (2018).

Thieme Medical Publishers
Thieme Medical Publishers is a German medical and science publisher in the Thieme Publishing Group. It produces professional journals, textbooks, atlases, monographs and reference books in both German and English covering a variety of medical specialties, including neurosurgery, orthopaedics, endocrinology, urology, radiology, anatomy, chemistry, otolaryngology, ophthalmology, audiology and speech-language pathology, complementary and alternative medicine. Thieme has more than 1,000 employees and maintains offices in seven cities worldwide, including New York City, Beijing, Delhi, Stuttgart, and three other cities in Germany.
Paris by Night 81
Paris By Night 81: Âm Nhạc Không Biên Giới 2 is a Paris By Night program produced by Thúy Nga Productions that was filmed at the Terrace Theater at the Long Beach Convention and Entertainment Center in California on Saturday, January 21, 2006, the first show of 2006. It is a direct continuation of Paris By Night 62: Âm Nhạc Không Biên Giới, that was released at the end of 2001.

Như Quỳnh
Lê Lâm Quỳnh Như (Vietnamese: [lē lə̄m kʷìŋ̟ ɲɨ̄] or [lē lə̄m wɨ̀n ɲɨ̄]; born 9 September 1970), known professionally as Như Quỳnh (Vietnamese: [ɲɨ̄ kʷìɲ] or [ɲɨ̄ wɨ̀n]), is a Vietnamese-American singer. Performing Vietnamese popular music in the diaspora, she is internationally known for her vocal style, as well as duets with musicians like Thế Sơn and Trường Vũ, with whom they have been noted to "link international Vietnamese music to Vietnam itself".
Macau men's national ice hockey team
The Macau national ice hockey team is the national men's ice hockey team that represents Macau, China in international competitions and as an associate member of the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF). Macau is not ranked in the IIHF World Rankings and have not entered in any World Championships nor at any Olympic Games, but have played in the Challenge Cup of Asia, a regional tournament for lower-tier hockey nations in Asia. Macau holds 27th place in the latest edition of the all-Asian ranking.

IIHF World Ranking
The IIHF World Ranking is a ranking of the performance of the national ice hockey teams of member countries of the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF). It is based on a formula giving points for each team's placings at IIHF-sanctioned tournaments over the previous four years. The ranking is used to determine seedings and qualification requirements for future IIHF tournaments. The United States' teams are ranked first in both men's and women's play. Russia's men team has more points overall in the men's rankings but is excluded from the list due to its ongoing suspension from IIHF competition.
Jim Lynch (hurler)
Jim Lynch (born 1943) is an Irish retired hurler who played as a full-back and as a full-forward for the Kilkenny senior team.

Lynch made his first appearance for the team during the 1964 championship and became a regular player over the next few years. During that time he won one All-Ireland winner's medal, three Leinster winner's medals and one National League winners' medal.

At club level, Lynch enjoyed a successful career with Mooncoin, winning a county club championship winners' medals in 1965.

1960 All-Ireland Minor Hurling Championship
The 1960 All-Ireland Minor Hurling Championship was the 30th staging of the All-Ireland Minor Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1928.

Tipperary entered the championship as the defending champions.

On 4 September 1960 Kilkenny won the championship following a 7-12 to 1-11 defeat of Tipperary in the All-Ireland final. This was their fifth All-Ireland title and their first in ten championship seasons.
Ali El Hammami
Ali El Hammami (1902–1949) was an Algerian intellectual, anticolonial activist, and advocate for Maghreb unity. Born in Tiaret, Algeria, he devoted his life from an early age to the struggle against French and Spanish colonialism in North Africa.

Tiaret
Tiaret (Arabic: تيارت) or Tahert (Arabic: تاهرت) is a major city in northwestern Algeria that gives its name to the wider farming region of Tiaret Province. Both the town and region lie south-west of the capital of Algiers in the western region of the Hautes Plaines, in the Tell Atlas, and about 150 km (93 mi) from the Mediterranean coast. It is served by Abdelhafid Boussouf Bou Chekif Airport.
Enrico Oldoini
Enrico Oldoini (4 May 1946 – 10 May 2023) was an Italian director and screenwriter.

Born in La Spezia, in 1966 Enrico Oldoini started attending the Silvio D'Amico National Academy of Dramatic Art in Rome, without graduating. From 1972, he then worked as an assistant director and occasional actor; two years later he debuted as a screenwriter working for the TV series Vivere insieme. A  specialized screenwriter of comedy films, in 1984 he debuted as film director, and most of his films were box office successes in Italy;  in the 1990s he focused his activities on television.

Oldoini died on 10 May 2023, at the age of 77.

La Spezia
La Spezia is a city and municipality at the head of the Gulf of La Spezia in the eastern part of the region of Liguria in Italy, the capital of the Province of La Spezia. With a population of 92,711, it is the 2nd-largest municipality in Liguria and the 52-largest in Italy.

La Spezia is the second-largest city in the Liguria region, after Genoa. Located roughly midway between Genoa and Pisa, on the Ligurian Sea, it is one of the main Italian military and commercial harbours and a major Italian Navy base. A popular seaside resort, it is also a significant railway junction, and is notable for its museums, for the Palio del Golfo rowing race, and for railway and boat links with the Cinque Terre.
Huffyuv
Huffyuv (or HuffYUV) is a lossless video codec created by Ben Rudiak-Gould which is meant to replace uncompressed YCbCr as a video capture format. The codec can also compress in the RGB color space.

"Lossless" means that the output from the decompressor is bit-for-bit identical with the original input to the compressor. Lossless only occurs when the compression color space matches the input and output color space. When the color spaces do not match, a low loss compression is performed.

Huffyuv's algorithm is similar to that of lossless JPEG, in that it predicts each sample and then Huffman-encodes the error. The predictor is intraframe-only.

Video codec
A video codec is software or hardware that compresses and decompresses digital video. In the context of video compression, codec is a portmanteau of encoder and decoder, while a device that only compresses is typically called an encoder, and one that only decompresses is a decoder.

The compressed data format usually conforms to a standard video coding format. The compression is typically lossy, meaning that the compressed video lacks some information present in the original video. A consequence of this is that decompressed video has lower quality than the original, uncompressed video because there is insufficient information to accurately reconstruct the original video.

There are complex relationships between the video quality, the amount of data used to represent the video (determined by the bit rate), the complexity of the encoding and decoding algorithms, sensitivity to data losses and errors, ease of editing, random access, and end-to-end delay (latency).
Hoseyni, Yazd
Hoseyni (Persian: حسيني, also Romanized as Ḩoseynī and Hoseini; also known as ’aşīrī, Husaini, and ’oseynī) is a village in Pishkuh Rural District, in the Central District of Taft County, Yazd Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 880, in 145 families.

Yazd province
Yazd province (Persian: استان یزد) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran and is in the center of the country. Its capital is the city of Yazd. In 2014, it was placed in Region 5. The province has an area of 76,469 km2.
Dewberry, Alberta
Dewberry is a hamlet in central Alberta, Canada within the County of Vermilion River. It is approximately 66 km (41 mi) northwest of Lloydminster. The hamlet was named for the dewberries growing near the community. Its first school opened in 1930. Dewberry held village status prior to 2021.

Dewberry
The dewberries are a group of species in the genus Rubus, section Rubus, closely related to the blackberries. They are small, trailing (rather than upright or high-arching) brambles with aggregate fruits, reminiscent of the raspberry, but are usually purple to black instead of red.
Marcel LaFrance
Marcel LaFrance (August 12, 1940 – February 19, 2022) was a Canadian  dirt modified racing driver. His racing career spanned two countries and 38 years, winning 268 feature events and claiming five track titles.

Modified racing
Modified stock car racing, also known as modified racing and modified, is a type of auto racing that involves purpose-built cars simultaneously racing against each other on oval tracks. First established in the United States after World War II, this type of racing was early-on characterized by its participants' modification of passenger cars in pursuit of higher speeds, hence the name.

There are many sanctioning bodies for modifieds, each specifying different body styles and engine sizes.
Tournament of Champions (TV series)
Tournament of Champions is an American reality cooking competition series broadcast by Food Network. Created and hosted by Guy Fieri, the series features alumni of other Food Network competition series competing in a single-elimination tournament for a grand prize in a blind-judged competition.

Winners are Brooke Williamson, Maneet Chauhan (twice), Tiffani Faison, Mei Lin, and Antonia Lofaso.

Blind taste test
In marketing, a blind taste test is often used as a tool for companies to compare their brand to another brand. For example, the Pepsi Challenge is a famous taste test that has been run by Pepsi since 1975. Additionally, taste tests are sometimes used as a tool by companies to develop their brand or new products.

Blind taste tests are ideal for goods such as food or wine (see blind wine tasting) that are consumed directly. Researchers use blind taste tests to obtain information about customers' perceptions and preferences on the goods. Blind taste test can be used to:

Track views on a product over time

assess changes or improvements made to a product

gauge reactions to a new product Maple syrup Tasting
Kronecker sum of discrete Laplacians
In mathematics, the Kronecker sum of discrete Laplacians, named after Leopold Kronecker, is a discrete version of the separation of variables for the continuous Laplacian in a rectangular cuboid domain.

Dirichlet boundary condition
In mathematics, the Dirichlet boundary condition is imposed on an ordinary or partial differential equation, such that the values that the solution takes along the boundary of the domain are fixed. The question of finding solutions to such equations is known as the Dirichlet problem. In the sciences and engineering, a Dirichlet boundary condition may also be referred to as a fixed boundary condition or boundary condition of the first type. It is named after Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet (1805–1859).

In finite-element analysis, the essential or Dirichlet boundary condition is defined by weighted-integral form of a differential equation. The dependent unknown u in the same form as the weight function w appearing in the boundary expression is termed a primary variable, and its specification constitutes the essential or Dirichlet boundary condition.
Lamellitrochus suavis
Lamellitrochus suavis is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Solariellidae. They tend to be bottom feeders whose trophic guild is Deposit feeder. Their habitat tends to be "Marine Benthic".

Trophic level
The trophic level of an organism is the position it occupies in a food web.  Within a food web, a food chain is a succession of organisms that eat other organisms and may, in turn, be eaten themselves. The trophic level of an organism is the number of steps it is from the start of the chain. A food web starts at trophic level 1 with primary producers such as plants, can move to herbivores at level 2, carnivores at level 3 or higher, and typically finish with apex predators at level 4 or 5.  The path along the chain can form either a one-way flow or a part of a wider food "web".  Ecological communities with higher biodiversity form more complex trophic paths.

The word trophic derives from the Greek τροφή (trophē) referring to food or nourishment.
Narayan Beniwal
Narayan Beniwal (born 11 July 1975) is an Indian politician. He was elected to the Rajasthan Legislative Assembly from Khinwasar on 24 October 2019 in by poll elections. He is member of the Rastriya Loktantrik Party. He is younger brother of Hanuman Beniwal.

Rajasthan Legislative Assembly
The Rajasthan Legislative Assembly (ISO: Rājāsthān Vidhān Sabhā), is the unicameral legislature of the state of Rajasthan. It is a vital part of the state government, responsible for making and implementing laws.

The assembly meets at Vidhan Bhavan situated in Jaipur, the capital of Rajasthan.
Paul Grüninger
Paul Grüninger (German pronunciation: [paʊ̯l ˈɡʁyːnɪŋɐ] ⓘ; 27 October 1891 – 22 February 1972) was a Swiss police commander in St. Gallen. He was recognized as one of the Righteous Among the Nations by the Yad Vashem Holocaust memorial foundation in 1971. Following the Austrian Anschluss, Grüninger saved about 3,600 Jewish refugees by backdating their visas and falsifying other documents to indicate that they had entered Switzerland at a time when legal entry of refugees was still possible. He was dismissed from the police force, convicted of official misconduct, and fined 300 Swiss francs. He received no pension and died in poverty in 1972.

Malfeasance in office
Malfeasance in office, also known as misconduct in public office, is any unlawful conduct that is often grounds for a just cause removal of an elected official by statute or recall election, or additionally a crime in some jurisdictions. Malfeasance in office contrasts with "misfeasance in office", which is the commission of a lawful act, done in an official capacity, that improperly causes harm; and "nonfeasance in office", which is the failure to perform an official duty.

An exact definition of malfeasance in office is difficult: many highly regarded secondary sources (such as books and commentaries) compete over its established elements based on reported cases. This confusion has arisen from the courts where no single consensus definition has arisen from the relatively few reported appeal-level cases involving malfeasance in office.