hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Healthcare in Afghanistan
Healthcare in Afghanistan has been gradually improving in the last decades after being almost non-existent due to the civil war and mass exodus in the 1990s. There are now over 5,000 health facilities operating in Afghanistan, with more being built according to the country's Ministry of Public Health. Latest reports say 38,000 Afghan women work as midwives.

Afghanistan's healthcare system remains weak and requires global assistance. In this regard, officials from the Islamic Emirate often seek cooperation from neighboring and regional countries. Despite having around 200 pharmaceutical companies producing medicines in the country, most medicines are still imported from other countries.

Health facility
A health facility is, in general, any location where healthcare is provided. Health facilities range from small clinics and doctor's offices to urgent care centers and large hospitals with elaborate emergency rooms and trauma centers. The number and quality of health facilities in a country or region is one common measure of that area's prosperity and quality of life. In many countries, health facilities are regulated to some extent by law; licensing by a regulatory agency is often required before a facility may open for business. Health facilities may be owned and operated by for-profit businesses, non-profit organizations, governments, and, in some cases, individuals, with proportions varying by country. See also the recent review paper,
Nun Monkton
Nun Monkton is a village and civil parish in the county of North Yorkshire, England. It is situated 8 miles (13 km) northwest of York at the confluence of the rivers Ouse and Nidd. Cottages and houses are grouped around a village green of 20 acres (81,000 m2) with a duck pond and a maypole. The Ouse is navigable for another 19 miles (30 km) and river traffic played an important part in the village's life until the middle of the twentieth century.

Until 1974 it was part of the West Riding of Yorkshire. From 1974 to 2023 it was part of the Borough of Harrogate, it is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council. On 1 April 1988 the parish of Widdington was abolished and merged with Nun Monkton.

GENUKI
GENUKI is a genealogy web portal, run as a charitable trust.  It "provides a virtual reference library of genealogical information of particular relevance to the UK and Ireland". It gives access to a large collection of information, with the emphasis on primary sources, or means to access them, rather than on existing genealogical research.
Pokalchuk
Pokalchuk (Ukrainian: Покальчук) is a Ukrainian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Oksana Pokalchuk, Ukrainian lawyer and human rights activist

Yuri Pokalchuk (1941–2008), Ukrainian writer

Yuri Pokalchuk
Yuri Pokalchuk was a Ukrainian writer, translator, researcher, candidate of philological sciences, and head of the international department of the Writers' Union of Ukraine. He was the older brother of the writer and psychologist Oleg Pokalchukand a member of the literary group "The Dogs of Saint Yur". Additionally, he was an organizer and leader of the musical group "Lights of a big city" which performed songs set to his texts.
Richard Douglas
Richard Douglas is the name of:

Dick Douglas (1932–2014), Scottish politician

Richard Douglas (civil servant) (born 1956), United Kingdom civil servant

Richard Douglas (footballer) (born 1987), Australian rules footballer

Richard Douglas (letter writer) (floruit 1560–1600), Scottish courtier

Richard Douglas (footballer)
Richard Joseph Edwin Douglas (born 6 February 1987) is a former Australian rules football player who played for the Adelaide Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). He was drafted by Adelaide with pick 16 in the 2005 national draft.
South Carolina State University
South Carolina State University (SCSU or SC State) is a public, historically black, land-grant university in Orangeburg, South Carolina. It is the only public, historically black land-grant research university in South Carolina, is a member of the Thurgood Marshall College Fund, and is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS).

Thurgood Marshall College Fund
The Thurgood Marshall College Fund (TMCF) is a non-profit organization that supports and represents nearly 300,000 students attending its 55 member-schools that include public historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs), medical schools, and law schools. The organization is named after the Supreme Court's first African-American Justice, Thurgood Marshall.
FC Malesh Mikrevo
FC Malesh Mikrevo is a Bulgarian association football club based in the village of Mikrevo, Blagoevgrad Province, which currently competes in the A RFG Blagoevgrad, the fourth tier of the Bulgarian football league system.

The club was established in 1936. The biggest success in the club's history came in 2010, when the team earned promotion to the Bulgarian B PFG by decisively winning the South-West V AFG. The club's home ground is the Municipal Stadium in Mikrevo, which has a capacity for 3,000 spectators.

In December 2011, Vihren Sandanski obtained the license of Malesh. Malesh was subsequently demoted to playing in A RFG Blagoevgrad since the 2012–13 season.

Blagoevgrad Province
41°45′N 23°15′E﻿ / ﻿41.750°N 23.250°E﻿ / 41.750; 23.250

Blagoevgrad Province (Bulgarian: област Благоевград, oblast Blagoevgrad or Благоевградска област, Blagoevgradska oblast), also known as Pirin Macedonia or Bulgarian Macedonia (Bulgarian: Пиринска Македония; Българска Македония), (Pirinska Makedoniya or Bulgarska Makedoniya) is a province (oblast) of southwestern Bulgaria. It borders four other Bulgarian provinces to the north and east, the Greek region of Macedonia to the south, and North Macedonia to the west. The province has 14 municipalities with 12 towns. Its principal city is Blagoevgrad, while other significant towns include Bansko, Gotse Delchev, Melnik, Petrich, Razlog, Sandanski, and Simitli.
Public opinion on the 2009 Honduran coup d'état
Public opinion on the 2009 Honduran coup d'état is divided in Honduras. There are three known opinion polls on the 2009 Honduran constitutional crisis. The polls show polarized Honduras. The first CID-Gallup showed support for President Manuel Zelaya's removal from office because of his actions but not the manner in which it was carried out. Subsequent opinion polls showed higher levels of opposition to the events of the coup, though the opinion of the government it inaugurated was more evenly mixed. According to the latest poll in October, only 48% of Hondurans regard Roberto Micheletti's performance as good or excellent, and 50% as bad or poor. Porfirio Lobo Sosa, an opposition member, led polls before the November elections and subsequently won the elections.

Porfirio Lobo Sosa
Porfirio Lobo Sosa (born 22 December 1947) also known by his nickname, Pepe Lobo, is a Honduran former politician, business administrator, and agricultural landowner who served as 37th President of Honduras from 27 January 2010 to 27 January 2014. A member of the conservative National Party and a former deputy in the National Congress of Honduras from 25 January 1990, he was president of the National Congress of Honduras from 25 January 2002 to 25 January 2006. He came second to Manuel Zelaya with 46% of the vote in the 2005 general election. After the military ousted Zelaya in a coup d'état, Lobo was elected president in the 2009 presidential election and took office on 27 January 2010.
Vegas Matt
Stephen Matt Morrow (born October 4, 1963), known professionally as Vegas Matt, is an American gambler and internet personality. With more than one million YouTube subscribers and Instagram followers, he is known for wagering large sums of money on games of chance in Las Vegas, primarily at the El Cortez Hotel & Casino.

Although he has described working as a bed and breakfast operator and Hollywood film producer, including as financier of the 1988 film Night of the Demons, his wealth came primarily from participation in the multi-level marketing schemes FundAmerica and Vemma. He is currently a spokesman for FanDuel.

Bed and breakfast
A bed and breakfast (typically shortened to B&B or BnB) is a small lodging establishment that offers overnight accommodation and breakfast. In addition, a B&B sometimes has the hosts living in the house.

Bed and breakfast is also used to describe the level of catering included in a hotel's room prices, as opposed to room-only, half-board, or full-board.
Mount Moiwa
Mount Moiwa (藻岩山, Moiwayama) is a mountain located about 5 km (3 mi) southwest of the center of Sapporo, Hokkaido and 6 km (4 mi) southwest of Sapporo Station. A ropeway and a motorway pass through Mt. Moiwa, and an observatory and a ski resort in winter make it a resort for Sapporo citizens and tourists.

Sapporo Station
Sapporo Station (札幌駅, Sapporo-eki) is a major railway station in Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan. It is served by Hakodate Main Line and other lines of Hokkaido Railway Company (JR Hokkaido), and is also connected to the Subway Sapporo Station.

Sapporo Station is the starting point and terminus for most limited express services operated by JR Hokkaido. It also has the tallest building (JR Tower) in Hokkaido. Sapporo station is developing into a commercial center as large as Ōdōri Park and Susukino.
Mulde event
The Mulde event was an anoxic event, and marked the second of three1 relatively minor mass extinctions (the Ireviken, Mulde, and Lau events) during the Silurian period.  It coincided with a global drop in sea level, and is closely followed by an excursion in geochemical isotopes.  Its onset is synchronous with the deposition of the Fröjel Formation in Gotland.  Perceived extinction in the conodont fauna, however, likely represent a change in the depositional environment of sedimentary sequences rather than a genuine biological extinction.

Higher resolution δ13C isotope analysis identifies differences in the organic and carbonate carbon isotope curves (Δ13C), allowing the inference of a sustained drop in CO2 levels coincident with the extinction once sedimentological data are taken into account.

Geochemistry
Geochemistry is the science that uses the tools and principles of chemistry to explain the mechanisms behind major geological systems such as the Earth's crust and its oceans.: 1  The realm of geochemistry extends beyond the Earth, encompassing the entire Solar System, and has made important contributions to the understanding of a number of processes including mantle convection, the formation of planets and the origins of granite and basalt.: 1  It is an integrated field of chemistry and geology.
Colombitherium
Colombitherium is an extinct mammal from Late Eocene Colombia. It has originally been assigned to the order Pyrotheria and the family Colombitheriidae, although a later detailed analysis of the fossil questions that classification. A fossil jawbone of approximately 9 centimetres (3.5 in) length of Colombitherium has been found by Texas Petroleum in 1945, in the Upper Eocene strata of the middle Gualanday Group in the department of Tolima, Central Ranges of the Colombian Andes.

Cordillera Central (Colombia)
The Cordillera Central (English: Central Ranges) is the highest of the three branches of the Colombian Andes. The range extends from south to north dividing from the Colombian Massif in Cauca Department to the Serranía de San Lucas in Bolívar Departments. The highest peak is Nevado del Huila at 5,364 m (17,598 ft).

Significant graphite resources exist in Cordillera Central in the form of graphite-bearing schists.
Provincial Highway 74 (Taiwan)
Provincial Highway 74 (Chinese: 台74線), also known as the Kuaiguan-Wufeng Expressway (快官烏日線) or Taichung Ring Expressway (台中環線), is an expressway around Taichung City. It starts at Kuaiguan Interchange on Freeway No. 3 in Changhua City and ends at Wufeng Interchange on Freeway No. 3 in Wufeng District.

Limited-access road
A limited-access road, known by various terms worldwide, including limited-access highway,  partial controlled-access highway, and expressway, is a highway or arterial road for high-speed traffic which has many or most characteristics of a controlled-access highway (also known as a freeway or motorway), including limited or no access to adjacent property; some degree of separation of opposing traffic flow (often being dual carriageways); use of grade separated interchanges to some extent; prohibition of slow modes of transport, such as bicycles, horse-drawn vehicles or ridden horses, or self-propelled agricultural machines; and very few or no intersecting cross-streets or level crossings. The degree of isolation from local traffic allowed varies between countries and regions. The precise definition of these terms varies by jurisdiction.
Pandula Ravindra Babu
Pandula Ravindra Babu (born 8 November 1955) is an Indian politician and a former Member of Parliament from Amalapuram Lok Sabha constituency, Andhra Pradesh. He won the 2014 Indian general election being a Telugu Desam Party candidate. He was elected as Officer of Indian Revenue Service till early 2014, when he resigned to contest Lok Sabha elections. He is a prolific speaker and takes a special interest in debating social issues.

Amalapuram Lok Sabha constituency
Amalapuram is one of the twenty-five lok sabha constituencies of Andhra Pradesh in India. It comprises seven assembly segments in this, six belongs to Konaseema district and  one belongs to East Godavari district.
Maria Robinson
Maria Duaime Robinson is an American politician who served as a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives for the 6th Middlesex district from 2019 to 2022. In September 2021, she was nominated by President Joe Biden to serve as assistant secretary of energy for electricity delivery and energy reliability, but the White House withdrew her nomination on June 8, 2022.

Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) is an independent agency of the United States government that regulates the interstate transmission and wholesale sale of electricity and natural gas and regulates the prices of interstate transport of petroleum by pipeline. FERC also reviews proposals to build interstate natural gas pipelines, natural gas storage projects, and liquefied natural gas (LNG) terminals, in addition to licensing non-federal hydropower projects.

FERC was created in 1977 by the U.S. Congress in the aftermath of the 1973 oil crisis. FERC is an independent agency, even though it is part of the U.S. Department of Energy. It is headed by five commissioners who are nominated by the U.S. president and confirmed by the U.S. Senate. There may be no more than three commissioners of one political party serving on the commission at any given time.
Eethen
Eethen is a village in the Dutch province of North Brabant. It is located in the municipality of Altena.

The village was first mentioned in 850 as Atina. The etymology is unclear. Eethen developed on a sand hill in the Middle Ages and part of the original ring road is still visible.

The Dutch Reformed church dates from the 12th century. The tower was added in the late 14th century. In 1944, it was severely damaged in World War II fighting and was restored and reconstructed between 1948 and 1951.

Eethen was home to 310 people 1840. Eethen was a separate municipality between 1923 and 1973. It was formed by the merging of the municipalities of Drongelen, Genderen, and Meeuwen, and became a part of Aalburg in 1973.

Altena, North Brabant
Altena is a municipality in the Netherlands, on a river island in the very north of the province of North Brabant, bordering the provinces of Gelderland and South Holland. Nearby cities are Dordrecht in the west, Gorinchem in the north (both in South Holland), and Waalwijk in the south.

Approximately 56,000 people live in an area of about 201 km², making Altena the largest municipality of North Brabant in terms of land area (surpassing Meierijstad).
Herpothallon pustulatum
Herpothallon pustulatum is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Arthoniaceae. It was formally described as new to science in 2009 by the lichenologist Göran Thor. It is found in montane forests in Costa Rica, Brazil, and Venezuela. It contains confluentic acid as its major lichen product along with trace amounts of several other substances.

Lichen product
Lichen products, also known as lichen substances, are organic compounds produced by a lichen. Specifically, they are secondary metabolites. Lichen products are represented in several different chemical classes, including terpenoids, orcinol derivatives, chromones, xanthones, depsides, and depsidones. Over 1000 lichen products of known chemical structure have been reported in the scientific literature, and most of these compounds are exclusively found in lichens. Examples of lichen products include usnic acid (a dibenzofuran), atranorin (a depside), lichexanthone (a xanthone), salazinic acid (a depsidone), and isolichenan, an α-glucan. Many lichen products have biological activity, and research into these effects is ongoing.
Marta Aibeková
Marta Aibeková (born June 22, 1947, in Trenčín) is a politician in Slovakia. Aibeková was a member of the National Council of the Slovak Republic for the Movement for a Democratic Slovakia (CSL) during the election period, 1992–1994, 1994-1998 and 1998–2002.

In 2002, together with Ivan Gašparovič they founded the Movement for Democracy and was one of the candidates for this party in the 2006 elections.

Trenčín
Trenčín (Slovak pronunciation: [ˈtrentʂiːn] ⓘ, also known by other alternative names) is a city in western Slovakia of the central Váh River valley near the Czech border, around 95 km (59 mi) from Bratislava. It has a population of more than 55,000, which makes it the eighth largest municipality of the country and is the seat of the Trenčín Region and the Trenčín District. It has a medieval castle, Trenčín Castle, on a rock above the city.

Trenčín is chosen as the European Capital of Culture in 2026.
Pär Mikaelsson
Pär Mikaelsson (born March 5, 1970), is a retired ice hockey player who spent 16 seasons with Skellefteå AIK and holds the club record for career goals (212) and career assists (253).

At the start of Pär's career he played 4 Elitserien games before Skellefteå was relegated to Allsvenskan in 1989. From 2003 to 2005 he participated in Kvalserien with Skellefteå who were unable to get back to Elitserien in all three years. Following Pär's retirement, Skellefteå qualified for Elitserien the very next year.

Kvalserien
Kvalserien, also known as Kvalserien till SHL, was the Swedish round-robin ice hockey tournament to qualify for play in the next season of the Swedish Hockey League (SHL, previously named Elitserien), Sweden's top-level ice hockey league for men. It was replaced by a playoff round in the 2014–15 season.
Xu Changsheng
Xu Changsheng (Chinese: 徐常胜) is a Chinese computer scientist. He is a professor at the Institute of Automation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing and Executive Director of China-Singapore Institute of Digital Media.

In 2012, he was elected an ACM Distinguished Member. He was named a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2014 for his contributions to multimedia content analysis.

Institute of Automation
The Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CASIA, Chinese: 自动化研究所; pinyin: Zìdònghuà Yánjiūsuǒ) is a research lab belonging to the Chinese Academy of Sciences which researches robotics, pattern recognition and control theory.
Parameswaran Iyer
Parameswaran Iyer (born 16 April 1959) is a retired 1981 batch IAS officer of Uttar Pradesh cadre who has served as the CEO of NITI Aayog from 2022 to 2023 and currently serves as an Executive Director at the World Bank Group representing  India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, and Sri Lanka.

In 2016, he was appointed by the government to lead the Swachh Bharat Mission.

Executive director
Executive director is commonly the title of the chief executive officer (CEO) of a company, a non-profit organization, government agency or international organization.

It generally has the same meaning as CEO or managing director.

The title may also be used by a member of a board of directors for a corporation, such as a company, cooperative or nongovernmental organization, who usually holds a specific managerial position with the corporation. In this context the role is usually contrasted with a non-executive director who usually holds no executive, managerial role with the corporation, but purely an advisory role.

There is much national and cultural variation in the exact definition of an executive director.
Shanghai Metro DC01
The 01A01 and the 01A02 (formerly known as DC01) are a class of electric multiple unit currently used on the Line 1 of Shanghai Metro. They are built by AEG and CSR Zhuzhou Locomotive, with first delivery on 30 October 1992. These cars are numbered 92011–92241, 93011-93481, 94011-94241, 014352-014643, 14652 and 14663 (set 101–116).

Before the delivery of AC02 and AC03, DC01 trains were also assigned to the services of Line 2 and Line 3.

Line 1 (Shanghai Metro)
Line 1 is a north–south line of the Shanghai Metro. It runs from Fujin Road in the north, via Shanghai Railway Station to Xinzhuang in the south. The first line to open in the Shanghai Metro system, line 1 serves many important points in Shanghai, including People's Square and Xujiahui. Due to the large number of important locations served, this line is extremely busy, with a daily ridership of over 1,000,000 passengers. Generally, the line runs at grade beside the Shanghai–Hangzhou railway in the south, underground in the city center and elevated on the second deck of the North–South Elevated Road in the North. The line is colored red on system maps.
Allah Dino Khaskheli
Jan Muhammad Khaskheli (died 24 June 2016) was a classical singer from Sindh, Pakistan. He was a son of Bachal Khaskheli, who was also a singer.

He was born on 25 January 1966 at Mirpur Bathoro. He received music training from his father. He has many albums of Sindhi songs to his credit. He sang poetry of Shah Abdul Latif Bhitai, Sachal Sarmast and others. He died in a road accident near Tando Allahyar on 24 June 2016. He was 50.

Mirpur Bathoro Tehsil
Mirpur Bathoro Tehsil (Sindhi: ميرپور بٺورو) is an administrative subdivision (tehsil) of Sujawal District. Previously it was in Thatta District in the Sindh province of Pakistan. Its capital is the city of Thatta.
John Frantz
John Edward Frantz (born July 1, 1945) is an American former professional football center who played one season for the Buffalo Bills. He also played for the Orange County Ramblers.

Frantz was born on July 1, 1945, in Kokomo, Indiana. He went to Nevada Union High School and California for college. John was selected in the 16th round (415th overall) by the Buffalo Bills in the 1968 NFL/AFL draft. He only made two appearances with them. Frantz then played with the Orange County Ramblers of the Continental Football League (COFL). He wore number 51 with the Bills and 65 with the Ramblers.

California Golden Bears football
The California Golden Bears football program represents the University of California, Berkeley, in college football as a member of the Atlantic Coast Conference at the NCAA Division I FBS level. They were previously a member of the Pac-12 Conference. The team plays its home games at California Memorial Stadium and was most recently coached by Justin Wilcox before his firing following the 2025 Big Game. Since beginning of play in 1886, the team has won five NCAA recognized national titles — 1920, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1937 — and 14 conference championships, the last one in 2006. It has also produced what are considered to be two of the oddest and most memorable plays in college football: Roy "Wrong Way" Riegels' fumble recovery at the 1929 Rose Bowl and The Play kickoff return in the 1982 Big Game.