hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William Doe
William Fairbank Doe (6 May 1941 – 23 August 2022) was an Australian-born gastroenterologist who was Provost of the Aga Khan University and professor of medicine and Dean of the University of Birmingham Medical School. From 1993 until 2001 he was the senior editor of the Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. His scientific output includes over 150 scientific research publications in international scientific journals. Since 1999 Doe has been a Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences, United Kingdom. He was President of the Gastroenterological Society of Australia from 1989 until 1991.

Academy of Medical Sciences (United Kingdom)
The Academy of Medical Sciences is an organisation established in the UK in 1998. It is one of the four UK National Academies, the others being the British Academy, the Royal Academy of Engineering and the Royal Society.

Its mission is to advance biomedical and health research and its translation into benefits for society. The Academy consists of a group of around 1,400 Fellows elected from fields across the biomedical sciences. The Academy seeks ultimately to advance medical science and improve health by investing in talented researchers, engaging people on health-related issues and providing expert impartial advice. As of April 2024 its president is Professor Andrew Morris CBE FRSE PMedSci, and Vice President is Shakila Thangaratinam.
Craig Sweeney
Craig John Sweeney (born 1981 in South Glamorgan) is a Welsh child sex offender, from Newport, Gwent.

Public criticism of Sweeney's sentence voiced by Home Secretary John Reid prompted the House of Commons Constitutional Affairs Committee to recommend that the Ministerial Code be amended with guidelines to govern the public comments of ministers about individual judges to reinforce the provisions within the Constitutional Reform Act 2005.

The Committee wrote: "The Sweeney case was the first big test of whether the new relationship between the Lord Chancellor [i.e. Lord Falconer] and the judiciary was working properly, and it is clear that there was a systemic failure."

In 2008, Lord Phillips, the Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales, announced that in response to "widespread inaccurate media coverage" of Sweeney's sentencing, five judges were being trained to be the first official media spokesmen for the judiciary.

Constitutional Affairs Committee
The Commons Constitutional Affairs Committee (est. January 2003) of the United Kingdom was a select committee of the House of Commons which looked into the expenditure, policy and administration of the Department for Constitutional Affairs and associated public bodies. Following the reorganization of the Department of Constitutional Affairs and Home Affairs Committee and until the end of the 2006-2007 parliamentary session, the committee oversaw the Ministry of Justice. The committee has been replaced by the Justice Committee.
O'Neill Municipal Airport
The O'Neill Municipal Airport (IATA: ONL, ICAO: KONL, FAA LID: ONL) (John L. Baker Field) is two miles northwest of O'Neill, in Holt County, Nebraska. It is owned by the O'Neill Airport Authority. The FAA's National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2009–2013 categorized it as a general aviation facility.

The field is named after John L. Baker, a native of O'Neill who was a fighter pilot in the Korean War, the United States Department of Justice's first air-crash attorney, counsel to the United States Senate, and the Federal Aviation Administration as Assistant Systems Administrator for General Aviation. He also served as president of both the AOPA and International Council of Aircraft Owner and Pilot Associations (IAOPA), the latter of which saw him represent 37 countries in the ICAO.

Holt County, Nebraska
Holt County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2020 census, the population was 10,127. Its county seat is O'Neill.

Holt County is in the Outback area of Nebraska.

In the Nebraska license plate system, Holt County is represented by the prefix 36 (it had the 36th-largest number of vehicles registered in the county when the license plate system was established in 1922).
Merheleva Ridge
Merheleva Ridge (Ukrainian: Мергелева гряда, also transliterated Mergeleva; Russian: Мергелевая гряда, romanized: Mergelevaya gryada, literally "Marlstone Ridge", "Marl Ridge") is the site of an Eneolithic  temple and burial complex consisting primarily of four large stone mounds or kurgans situated near Perevalsk, Luhansk Oblast, Ukraine, about 30 km to the west-to-southwest of the city of Luhansk. "Merheleva" is the Ukrainian adjective from the word merhel, marlstone, which is a type of limestone common in the region. Supposedly the site was built in about 4000 BC, corresponding to the Dnieper-Donets or early Yamna culture, and remained in use throughout the Bronze Age and well into the Iron Age, until 5th century BC Sarmatia. It was discovered in 2004, and the discovery officially announced on 7 September 2006.

Sarmatia
In the ancient Greco-Roman world, Sarmatia was a geographic region that encompassed the western Eurasian steppe. It was inhabited by the Sarmatians, an ancient Eastern  Iranian equestrian nomadic people.

The Romans gave the name Sarmatia to the region which the ancient Greeks had formerly called Scythia because it had been inhabited by the Scythians. Beginning in the late 4th century BC the Sarmatians, a nomadic Iranian people related to the  Eastern Iranic Scythians, moved from the east into the Pontic steppe, where they replaced the Scythians as the dominant power. Due to the Sarmatian incursion, "Sarmatia Europea" replaced "Scythia" as the name for the region.
Angelica palustris
Angelica palustris (syn. Ostericum palustre), commonly known as marsh angelica,  is a biennial or a perennial plant species from the family Apiaceae.

It can grow up to 1.2 meter tall. It has bipinnate leaves, meaning arranged opposite each other in rows. The leaves are ovate shaped with scalloped edges. The white compound umbel flowers bloom from July to August and are five petalled. It has achenes as fruit.

The plant is native to Europe, such as Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro) and central Asia, Siberia.

It prefers to grow in a wide variety of soils, from loamy, sand and clay soils and can tolerate a sunny or half shady position.

The species epithet palustris is Latin for "of the marsh" and indicates its common habitat.

The species was first described and published by Georg Franz Hoffmann in Gen. Pl. Umbell. on page 162 in 1814.

Achene
An achene (/əˈkiːn/; from Ancient Greek  ἀ (a) 'privative' and  χαίνειν (khaínein) 'to gape'), also sometimes called akene and occasionally achenium or achenocarp, is a type of simple dry fruit produced by many species of flowering plants. Achenes are monocarpellate (formed from one carpel) and indehiscent (they do not open at maturity). Achenes contain a single seed that nearly fills the pericarp, but does not adhere to it.  In many species, what is called the "seed" is an achene, a fruit containing the seed. The seed-like appearance is owed to the hardening of the fruit wall (pericarp), which encloses the solitary seed so closely as to seem like a seed coat.
George Millar (writer)
George Reid Millar DSO MC (19 September 1910 – 15 January 2005) was a Scottish journalist, soldier, author and farmer. He was awarded the Military Cross (MC) in early 1944 for escaping from Germany while a prisoner of war and making it back to England, which he wrote about in his 1946 book Horned Pigeon.

Millar was awarded the Distinguished Service Order (DSO) and the French Légion d'Honneur and the Croix de Guerre avec Palmes for his service as an SOE officer in France in 1944. He recorded his experiences fighting behind the lines with the local Resistance in his 1945 book Maquis; this book, his most well-known, belongs with others written by British servicemen who fought behind enemy lines including Ill Met by Moonlight by W. Stanley Moss, Eastern Approaches by Fitzroy Maclean and Seven Pillars of Wisdom by T. E. Lawrence.

Eastern Approaches
Eastern Approaches (1949) is a memoir of the early career of Fitzroy Maclean. It is divided into three parts: his life as a junior diplomat in Moscow and his travels in the Soviet Union, especially the forbidden zones of Central Asia; his exploits in the British Army and SAS in the North Africa theatre of war; and his time with Josip Broz Tito and the Partisans in Yugoslavia.

Maclean was considered to be one of Ian Fleming's inspirations for James Bond, and this book contains many of the elements: remote travel, the sybaritic delights of diplomatic life, violence and adventure.  The American edition was titled Escape To Adventure, and was published a year later. All place names in this article use the spelling in the book.
History of Hezbollah
Hezbollah originated within the Shiite block of Lebanese society. According to the CIA World Factbook estimate in 2022, Shiites comprise 31.2 percent of Lebanon's population, predominating in three areas of Lebanon: Southern Lebanon, Beirut and its environs (Dahieh), and the northern Beqaa valley region.

Augustus Richard Norton
Augustus Richard Norton (September 2, 1946 – February 20, 2019) was an American professor and army officer. He was a professor of international relations and anthropology at the Pardee School of Global Studies at Boston University. He was best known for his writing on Middle East politics, and as an occasional commentator on U.S. policy in the Middle East.
Howard Brodie
Howard Brodie (November 18, 1915 – September 19, 2010) was a sketch artist best known for his World War II, Korean and Vietnam combat and courtroom sketches. He worked as a staff artist for Life, Yank Magazine, Collier's, Associated Press and CBS News.

Sketch (drawing)
A sketch (ultimately from Greek σχέδιος – schedios, "done extempore") is a rapidly executed freehand drawing that is not usually intended as a finished work.  A sketch may serve a number of purposes: it might record something that the artist sees, it might record or develop an idea for later use or it might be used as a quick way of graphically demonstrating an image, idea or principle. Sketching is the most inexpensive art medium.

Sketches can be made in any drawing medium. The term is most often applied to graphic work executed in a dry medium such as silverpoint, graphite, pencil, charcoal or pastel. It may also apply to drawings executed in pen and ink, digital input such as a digital pen, ballpoint pen, marker pen, water colour and oil paint. The latter two are generally referred to as "water colour sketches" and "oil sketches".  A sculptor might model three-dimensional sketches in clay, plasticine or wax.
Nipplepeople
Nipplepeople (stylised in lowercase) is a Croatian electronic music duo formed in 2008 in Zagreb. They are known for their anonymity, performing with masks and avoiding personal identification. The duo's music is often characterized as downtempo or synthwave. The duo is known for their cover of Zdenka Kovačiček's song "Frka", which became a hit in Croatia and Serbia.

Their breakthrough single, "Sutra", released in 2010, won the Loud & Queer Award for Single of the Year in Serbia. Over the years, Nipplepeople has performed at some regional festivals, including Exit, Sea Star and Terraneo. Despite maintaining a low-profile public presence, the duo's music resonates strongly with fans and has garnered a significant following within the LGBTQ+ community.

Exit (festival)
EXIT was an annual music festival held in Serbia since 2000. Traditionally staged at the Petrovaradin Fortress in Novi Sad, it has grown into one of Europe’s largest music events, attracting around 200,000 visitors in recent editions.

The festival has won the Best Major Festival award at the European Festivals Awards in both 2013 and 2017, and was named "Best European Festival" at the UK Festival Awards in 2007. In 2018, the Regional Cooperation Council also recognized EXIT as the Champion of Regional Cooperation for 2017, among other awards.
Cole-Hamilton
Cole-Hamilton is a British surname. It can refer to:

Alex Cole-Hamilton (born 1977), Scottish politician

Arthur Cole-Hamilton (1750–1810), Anglo-Irish politician

Anni Cole-Hamilton, founder of Moray Firth School

John Cole-Hamilton (1894–1945), British Royal Air Force commander

Richard Cole-Hamilton (1877–1959), English Anglican priest

John Cole-Hamilton
Air Vice Marshal John Beresford Cole-Hamilton, CB, CBE (1 December 1894 – 22 August 1945) was an airship pilot in the Royal Naval Air Service during the First World War and a senior Royal Air Force commander during the Second World War.
Louis Pierre de Chastenet de Puységur
Louis Pierre de Chastenet, comte de Puységur (30 December 1727, Rabastens, Tarn – October 1807, Rabastens) was a French soldier under the Ancien Régime. A lieutenant général from 1781, he became minister of war in the ministry of Jacques Necker, from 30 November 1788 to 12 July 1789. Replaced by Victor-François, 2nd duc de Broglie, he received marks of esteem from the Assembly. Remaining faithful to the king, he commanded a small troop of gentlemen and defended the Tuileries against the Revolutionaries on 10 August 1792, and emigrated soon afterwards. He returned on Napoleon's seizure of power on 18 Brumaire and institution of the First French Empire, and died in his home town.

Tarn (department)
Tarn  (French: [taʁ(n)], Occitan: [taɾ]) is a department in the Occitania region in Southern France. Named after the river Tarn, it had a population of 389844 as of 2019. Its prefecture and largest city is Albi; it has a single subprefecture, Castres. In French, the inhabitants of Tarn are known as Tarnais (masculine) and Tarnaises (feminine). Its INSEE and postcode number is 81.
2009 Chennai Open
The 2009 Chennai Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 14th edition of the Chennai Open, and part of the ATP World Tour 250 series of the 2009 ATP World Tour. It took place at the SDAT Tennis Stadium in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, from 5 through 10 January 2009.

The singles line up was led by Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) No. 5, Tennis Masters Cup runner-up, Miami Masters, Pörtschach and Warsaw champion Nikolay Davydenko, Rome Masters finalist and Beijing Olympics doubles gold medalist Stanislas Wawrinka, and Costa do Sauípe and Bucharest runner-up, 2004 and 2005 Chennai champion Carlos Moyá.

2008 Hypo Group Tennis International
The 2008 Hypo Group Tennis International was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 28th edition of the Hypo Group Tennis International, and was part of the International Series of the 2008 ATP Tour. It took place at the Werzer Arena in Pörtschach am Wörthersee, Austria, from 17 May through 24 May 2008.

The field included ATP No. 4 and Miami Masters champion Nikolay Davydenko, defending champion and Valencia Open doubles titlist Juan Mónaco, and Zagreb runner-up Ivan Ljubičić. Also present in the draw were Indian Wells finalist Mardy Fish, Las Vegas winner Sam Querrey, Andreas Seppi, Mario Ančić and Robin Haase.

First-seeded Nikolay Davydenko won the singles title.
The Heir to the Throne
The Heir to the Throne (Chinese: 家族榮耀之繼承者) is a Hong Kong family drama television series co-produced by the Chinese streaming platform Youku and Hong Kong's Media Asia. Starring Charmaine Sheh, Raymond Lam, and Him Law, it follows the affluent Yau family as internal rivalries and power struggles threaten their empire. Although marketed as a sequel to 2022's Modern Dynasty, the storyline is completely independent from the original series.

Youku
Youku Tudou Inc. (formerly Youku Inc.), doing business as Youku (Chinese: 优酷; lit. 'excellent (and) cool'), is a video streaming service and former video sharing website based in Beijing, China. It operates as a subsidiary of Alibaba Group Holding Limited.

Youku has its headquarters in the Sinosteel Plaza in Haidian District, Beijing.

On 12 March 2012, Youku reached an agreement to merge with Tudou in a stock-for-stock transaction, the new entity being named Youku Tudou Inc. In 2014, it had more than 500 million monthly active users, with 800 million daily video views.

Youku is one of China's top online video and streaming service platforms, along with iQiyi, Sohu, LeTV, Tencent Video, PPTV, 56.com and Funshion. However, Youku's domination in the Chinese market was toppled by its competitor Baidu's iQiyi in 2015.
1511 Idrija earthquake
The 1511 Idrija earthquake (Slovene: idrijski potres or potres na Idrijskem) occurred on 26 March 1511 with a moment magnitude of 6.9 and a maximum EMS intensity of X (very destructive). The epicenter was near the town of Idrija (now in Slovenia), although some place it in Friuli. The earthquake affected a large territory between Carinthia, Friuli, present-day Slovenia and Croatia. An estimated 3,000 people were killed and damage was considered severe. The earthquake was felt as far as in Switzerland and present-day Slovakia. A number of castles and churches were razed to the ground in a large area from northeast Italy to western Croatia.

European Macroseismic Scale
The European Macroseismic Scale (EMS) is the basis for evaluation of seismic intensity in European countries and is also used in a number of countries outside Europe. Issued in 1998 as an update of the test version from 1992, the scale is referred to as EMS-98.
Anglican Diocese of Lokoja
The Anglican Diocese of Lokoja is one of eleven within the Anglican Province of Lokoja, itself one of 14 ecclesiastical provinces within the Church of Nigeria. The current bishop is the Right Rev. Emmanuel Egbunu, the Archbishop Emeritus of Lokoja.

The diocese was inaugurated on 18 October 1994, with George Bako as the pioneer Bishop.

Church of Nigeria
The Church of Nigeria, officially styled the Church of Nigeria (Anglican Communion), is the Anglican church in Nigeria. The church claims to be the second-largest province in the Anglican Communion, as measured by baptised membership (not by attendance), after the Church of England with 18 million members.

Since 2002 the Church of Nigeria has been organised into 14 ecclesiastical provinces. It has rapidly increased the number of its dioceses and bishops from 91 in 2002 to 161 as at January 2013 and 176 from September 2025. The administrative headquarters are located in Abuja. Archbishop Henry Ndukuba became its primate in 2020.
Backup camera
A backup camera (also called a reversing camera or rear-view camera) is a video camera specifically designed to be attached to the rear of a vehicle to aid in reversing and reduce the rear blind spot. The rear blind spot has been described as a "killing zone" due to the accidents it contributes to. Backup cameras are usually connected to the vehicle's head unit display. A common variant is a surround-view system, which assembles a synthetic but positionally accurate top-down view of the vehicle and its surroundings.

Backup cameras have been regulated by law in Canada and the United States since 2018. Since May of that year, backup cameras have been required on all new vehicles sold in the United States.

Automotive head unit
An automotive head unit, sometimes called the infotainment system, is a vehicle audio component providing a unified hardware interface for the system, including screens, buttons and system controls for numerous integrated information and entertainment functions.

Other names for automotive head units include car stereo, car receiver, deck, in-dash stereo, and dash stereo.
Sylvester–Gallai configuration
In geometry, a Sylvester–Gallai configuration consists of a finite subset of the points of a projective space with the property that the line through any two of the points in the subset also passes through at least one other point of the subset.

Instead of defining Sylvester–Gallai configurations as subsets of the points of a projective space, they may be defined as abstract incidence structures of points and lines, satisfying the properties that, for every pair of points, the structure includes exactly one line containing the pair and that every line contains at least three points. In this more general form they are also called Sylvester–Gallai designs. A closely related concept is a Sylvester matroid, a matroid with the same property as a Sylvester–Gallai configuration of having no two-point lines.

Matroid
In combinatorics, a matroid /ˈmeɪtrɔɪd/ is a structure that abstracts and generalizes the notion of linear independence in vector spaces. There are many equivalent ways to define a matroid axiomatically, the most significant being in terms of: independent sets; bases or circuits; rank functions; closure operators; and closed sets or flats. In the language of partially ordered sets, a finite simple matroid is equivalent to a geometric lattice.

Matroid theory borrows extensively from the terms used in both linear algebra and graph theory, largely because it is the abstraction of various notions of central importance in these fields. Matroids have found applications in geometry, topology, combinatorial optimization, network theory, and coding theory.
Ambra Senatore
Ambra Senatore (born 1976) is an Italian choreographer, researcher and educator at the University of Milan. In 2015, she was named director of the Centre Chorégraphique National de Nantes.

She was born in Turin. In 2004, she completed a doctorate in contemporary dance. She has trained with various choreographers including Carolyn Carlson, Dominique Dupuy and Bill T. Jones. In 2012, she established a dance company EDA based in Besançon. She lectures on the history of dance at the University of Milan. In 2007, she published La danza d’autore, vent’anni di danza contemporanea in Italia.

Senatore has worked with Jean-Claude Gallotta, Giorgio Rossi, Georges Lavaudant and Antonio Tagliarini.

In 2013, she choreographed and produced Nos amours bêtes, based on a script by Fabrice Melquiot. In 2018, she developed choreography for dances performed in the opera Cendrillon by Jules Massenet.

Bill T. Jones
William Tass Jones, known as Bill T. Jones (born February 15, 1952), is an American choreographer, director, author and dancer. He is the co-founder of the Bill T. Jones/Arnie Zane Dance Company. The company's home is in Manhattan. Jones is Artistic Director of New York Live Arts, whose activities encompass an annual presenting season together with allied education programming and services for artists. Independently of New York Live Arts and his dance company, Jones has choreographed for major performing arts ensembles, contributed to Broadway and other theatrical productions, and collaborated on projects with a range of fellow artists. Jones has been called "one of the most notable, recognized modern-dance choreographers and directors of our time."
Costaconvexa polygrammata
Costaconvexa polygrammata, the many-lined moth, is a moth of the family Geometridae. The species was first described by Moritz Balthasar Borkhausen in 1794. It is found from Europe to North Africa.

The wingspan is about 26 mm. There are three generations per year with adults on wing from the end of March to April, in June and July and in August and September.

The larvae feed on Galium species, primarily G. saxatile. Larvae can be found from April to October. It overwinters as a pupa.

Galium saxatile
Galium saxatile or heath bedstraw is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae.  It is related to cleavers.

Galium saxatile is a perennial mat-forming herb, found on grassland, moors, heaths and woods. It can reach a height of 20 centimetres (7.9 in), and flowers in the UK from May to August. The stems are hairless and four sided. Its leaves are 8–25 millimetres (0.31–0.98 in) long, with 6–8 per whorl, and are lanceolate or obovate in shape. The mountain ringlet butterfly uses the plant for nectar.

Galium saxatile avoids calcareous substrate and mainly grows on light siliceous soils and is widespread across much of northern and central Europe from Portugal and Ireland to Scandinavia, France, Germany, Poland, Ukraine and Russia. It is also reportedly sparingly naturalized in Quebec, California and the Falkland Islands.