hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Portland Golf Club
The Portland Golf Club is a private golf club in the northwest United States, in suburban Portland, Oregon. It is located in the unincorporated Raleigh Hills area of eastern Washington County, southwest of downtown Portland and east of Beaverton.

PGC was established 111 years ago in the winter of 1914, when a group of nine businessmen assembled to form a new club after leaving their respective clubs. The present site was chosen due to its relation to the Spokane, Portland and Seattle Railway's interurban railroad line with frequent passenger service to the site because automobiles and roads were few.

The PGA Championship, then a match play competition, was held at the club in 1946, which was won by Ben Hogan. The property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places, as the Portland Golf Club Clubhouse and Golf Course, in 2023.

Country club
A country club is a privately owned club, often with a membership quota and admittance by invitation or sponsorship, that generally offers both a variety of recreational sports and facilities for dining and entertaining.  Typical athletic offerings are golf, tennis, and swimming. Where golf is the principal or sole sporting activity, and especially outside of the United States and Canada, it is common for a country club to be referred to simply as a golf club. Many country clubs offer other new activities such as pickleball, and platform tennis.

Country clubs are most commonly located in city outskirts or suburbs, because of the need for substantial grounds for outdoor activities.  This factor distinguishes them from an urban athletic club.

Country clubs originated in Scotland and first appeared in the US in the early 1880s. Country clubs had a profound effect on expanding suburbanization and are considered to be the precursor to gated community development.
All Saints and St Nicholas, South Elmham
All Saints and St Nicholas, South Elmham is a civil parish in the north of the English county of Suffolk. It is 5 miles (8.0 km) south of the market town of Bungay and the same distance north-west of Halesworth and east of Harleston. The parish is in the East Suffolk district and is one of the parishes that make up the area around Bungay known as The Saints. It includes the settlements of All Saints, South Elmham and St Nicholas, South Elmham.

The parish has a population of around 130. It borders the parishes of St Peter South Elmham, St Michael South Elmham, St Margaret South Elmham, St Cross South Elmham, St James South Elmham and Rumburgh. The parish council is operated jointly with St Peter and St Michael South Elmham.

Harleston, Norfolk
Harleston is a town in the civil parish of Redenhall with Harleston, in the South Norfolk district, in the county of Norfolk, England. It is 16 miles (26 km) from Norwich. In 2018, it had an estimated population of 5,067. Harleston is on the Norfolk/Suffolk border, close to the River Waveney. Harleston has two markets every Wednesday.

Harleston is an electoral ward comprising the civil parishes of Needham, Redenhall with Harleston, and Wortwell. At the last election, in May 2019, two Conservative councillors were elected to South Norfolk Council.
Drosera lanata
Drosera lanata is a carnivorous plant in the genus Drosera and is endemic to the Northern Territory and Queensland in Australia. Its leaves are arranged in a compact basal rosette. Narrow linear petioles less than 2 mm wide emerge from the center of the rosette and hold carnivorous leaves at the end. Both petioles and the center of the rosette are densely covered in silvery dendritic hairs. These dendritic hairs afford the plant insulation and allow it to trap morning dew for additional moisture during the dry season. The leaf lamina is maroon-red and 2 mm long by 2.5 mm wide.

Drosera lanata was first formally described by Katsuhiko Kondo in 1984 when he authored three new species of the D. petiolaris complex. The type specimen was collected near Mareeba on the Cape York Peninsula on 28 March 1982.

Mareeba
Mareeba /məˈriːbə/ is a rural town and locality in the Shire of Mareeba in Far North Queensland, Australia.  Between 2008 and 2013, it was within the Tablelands Region. The town's name is derived from an Aboriginal word meaning meeting of the waters. In the 2021 census, the locality of Mareeba had a population of 11,825 people.
2022–23 Fencing World Cup
The 2022–23 Fencing World Cup was the 52nd edition of the Fencing World Cup, a fencing competition organized annually by the International Fencing Federation. It began on 10 November 2022 in Algiers and ended in July 2023 at the end of the World Championships. The official calendar included eight competitions (five category A tournaments and three Grand Prix) per discipline (epee, foil and sabre), in addition to the zone and world championships.

World Fencing Championships
The World Fencing Championships (also known as Senior Fencing World Championships) is an annual competition in fencing organized by the International Fencing Federation. Contestants may participate in foil, épée, and sabre events.
Don Plarski
Donald Joseph Plarski (November 9, 1929 – December 29, 1981) was an American professional baseball player. An outfielder, he appeared in eight games for the Kansas City Athletics of Major League Baseball during the 1955 season.  Plarski was born in Chicago.  He threw and batted right-handed and was listed as 5 feet 6 inches (1.68 m) tall and 160 pounds (73 kg).

His professional career, interrupted by military service during the Korean War, lasted from 1948–50 and 1953–56, most of it occurring in the lower and mid-minor leagues. His 1955 trial happened at mid-season. He started in three games in center field for the Athletics, including on July 21 at Municipal Stadium, when he collected his only MLB hit (off Frank Sullivan of the Boston Red Sox) and stolen base.

After his playing career, Plarski became a sportswriter and the longtime sports editor of the Alton Evening Telegraph in Alton, Illinois and was a fast-pitch softball umpire. He died at age 52 in St. Louis, Missouri.

Alton, Illinois
Alton (/ˈɔːltən/ AWL-tən) is a city on the Mississippi River in Madison County, Illinois, United States, about 18 miles (29 km) north of St. Louis, Missouri. The population was 25,676 at the 2020 census. It is a part of the River Bend area in the Metro-East region of the Greater St. Louis metropolitan area.

It is well known for its limestone bluffs along the river north of the city. It's the former location of an historical state penitentiary, and played a significant role preceding and during the American Civil War. It was the site of the last Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas debate in October 1858. The former state penitentiary in Alton was used during the Civil War to hold up to 12,000 Confederate prisoners of war.
Godziszewo, Pomeranian Voivodeship
Godziszewo [ɡɔd͡ʑiˈʂɛvɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Skarszewy, within Starogard County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It is located within the ethnocultural region of Kociewie in the historic region of Pomerania.

Kociewie
Kociewie is an ethnocultural region in the eastern part of Tuchola Forest, in northern Poland, Pomerania, that is inhabited by the Kociewians. Its cultural capital is Starogard Gdański, the biggest town is Tczew, while other major towns include Świecie, and Pelplin. The region has about 250,000 inhabitants. It has well-developed industry and agriculture. Administratively, it is divided between the Pomeranian and Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeships.

Kociewie is bordered by the Chełmno Land in the south, Powiśle in the east, Kashubia and Żuławy Wiślane in the north, and other parts of historic Pomerania in the west.
Villars Institute
Villars Institute is an international non-profit foundation and non-governmental organization (NGO) located in the Swiss Alps in Villars-sur-Ollon, Switzerland.

The nonprofit acts primarily as a community development organization with a focus on sustainability, systemic change, and the prevention of biodiversity loss. It actively promotes systems thinking as a key approach in achieving its goals. The foundation organizes events and sponsors experts, scientists and young adults globally to attend its conferences in Villars-sur-Ollon.

The organization also sponsors musicians and filmmakers and collaborates with other nonprofits and universities. They state that interdisciplinary problems require inter-generational solutions.

Structural fix
A structural fix refers to solving a problem or resolving a conflict by bringing about structural changes that change the underlying structures that provoked or sustain these problems. According to Thomas Heberlein such changes modify human behavior by regulating the social settings or the 'structures' in which the behavior occurs − their context. Such fixes are typically long-term opposed to temporary and require open and in-depth inquiry for the root structural causes of a problem and understanding of a system. Effectively changing norms would be an example of a structural fix. Often structural fixes involve a change of incentives.
Space–time block code
Space–time block coding is a technique used in wireless communications to transmit multiple copies of a data stream across a number of antennas and to exploit the various received versions of the data to improve the reliability of data transfer. The fact that the transmitted signal must traverse a potentially difficult environment with scattering, reflection, refraction and so on and may then be further corrupted by thermal noise in the receiver means that some of the received copies of the data may be closer to the original signal than others. This redundancy results in a higher chance of being able to use one or more of the received copies to correctly decode the received signal. In fact, space–time coding combines all the copies of the received signal in an optimal way to extract as much information from each of them as possible.

Reflection (physics)
Reflection is the change in direction of a wavefront at an interface between two different media so that the wavefront returns into the medium from which it originated. Common examples include the reflection of light, sound and water waves. The law of reflection says that for specular reflection (for example at a mirror) the angle at which the wave is incident on the surface equals the angle at which it is reflected.

In acoustics, reflection causes echoes and is used in sonar. In geology, it is important in the study of seismic waves. Reflection is observed with surface waves in bodies of water. Reflection is observed with many types of electromagnetic wave, besides visible light. Reflection of VHF and higher frequencies is important for radio transmission and for radar. Even hard X-rays and gamma rays can be reflected at shallow angles with special "grazing" mirrors.
El Toro (nickname)
El Toro (Spanish for "the Bull") is the nickname of:

Roberto Acuña (born 1972), Paraguayan footballer

Pedro Álvarez (baseball) (born 1987), third baseman with the Pittsburgh Pirates Major League Baseball team

Daniel Aquino (born 1965), retired Argentine footballer

Marcos Ayerza (born 1983), Argentine retired rugby union

Mauro Cantoro (born 1976), Argentine footballer

Alexander Lévy (born 1990), French golfer

Lautaro Martínez (born 1997), Argentine footballer

Ernesto Pérez Balladares (born 1946), former President of Panama (1994-99)

Jaime Castillo Petruzzi, Chilean terrorist and financier

Lupillo Rivera (born 1972), Mexican-American singer

Fernando Valenzuela (born 1960), Mexican Major League Baseball pitcher

Carlos Zambrano (born 1981), Venezuelan Major League Baseball pitcher.

Daniel Aquino
Daniel Toribio Aquino Antúnez (born 9 June 1965), nicknamed El Toro (bull), is an Argentine former footballer who played as a striker.

He spent the bulk of his professional career in Spain, appearing in 203 Segunda División matches over seven seasons (94 goals) in representation of four teams. His son Daniel was already born there, and played for Spain at youth level.
Lord Lieutenant of Roscommon
This is a list of people who served as Lord Lieutenant of County Roscommon.

There were lieutenants of counties in Ireland until the reign of James II, when they were renamed governors. The office of Lord Lieutenant was recreated on 23 August 1831. Roscommon was lost to the United Kingdom in 1922 upon the formation of the Irish Free State.

Roscommon
Roscommon (/rɒsˈkɒmən/; Irish: Ros Comáin, meaning 'Saint Coman's wood'; pronounced [ɾˠɔsˠ ˈkɔmˠaːnʲ]) is the county town and the largest town in County Roscommon in Ireland. It is roughly in the centre of Ireland, near the meeting of the N60, N61 and N63 roads. The town is in a civil parish of the same name.

The name Roscommon is derived from Commán mac Faelchon who built a monastery there in the 5th century. The woods near the monastery became known as Ros Comáin (St. Coman's Wood). This was later anglicised to Roscommon. Its population at the 2022 census was 6,555.
2011 Open Castilla y León – Singles
Daniel Gimeno Traver was the defending champion, but chose not to participate this year.
3rd seed Karol Beck won this tournament, defeating Konstantin Kravchuk, Pablo Carreño Busta, Henri Kontinen, Marco Chiudinelli and Grégoire Burquier in the final.

Konstantin Kravchuk
Konstantin Vladimirovich Kravchuk (Russian: Константи́н Влади́мирович Кравчу́к, IPA: [kənstɐnʲˈtʲin krɐfˈtɕuk]; born 23 February 1985) is an inactive Russian professional tennis player. He is known for his strong serve and good skills on fast and indoor courts.
Dømkirke
Dømkirke is a live album by American drone metal band Sunn O))) that was recorded at Bergen Cathedral in Bergen, Norway, during the Borealis Festival. The album was pressed only on vinyl, but it was later made available in digital-download and streaming formats. It is a double album that features one track on each side of the records. The packaging of Dømkirke features artwork by the Norwegian visual artist Tania Stene.

Nicholas Mollerhaug of the Borealis Festival commissioned the performance by Sunn O))). The band did not publicize in advance the appearance of vocalist Attila Csihar, due to his history with the black metal genre and that genre's association with a string of church arsons in Norway, the first of which occurred in the city of Bergen.

Drone metal
Drone metal or drone doom is a style of heavy metal that melds the slow tempos and heaviness of doom metal with the long-duration tones of drone music. Drone metal is sometimes associated with post-metal or experimental metal.
Jaw-Shen Tsai
Jaw-Shen Tsai (Chinese: 蔡兆申; born February 8, 1952) is a Taiwanese physicist. He is a professor at the Tokyo University of Science and a team leader of the Superconducting Quantum Simulation Research Team at the Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS) within RIKEN. He has contributed to the area of condensed matter physics in both its fundamental physical aspects and its technological applications. He has recently been working on experiments connected to quantum coherence in Josephson systems.  In February 2014, he retired from NEC Corporation, after 31 years of employment.  He is a fellow of the American Physical Society as well as the Japan Society of Applied Physics.

Riken
Riken (Japanese: 理研; English: /ˈrɪkɛn/; stylized in all caps as RIKEN) is a national scientific research institute in Japan. Founded in 1917, it now has about 3,000 scientists on seven campuses across Japan, including the main site at Wakō, Saitama Prefecture, on the outskirts of Tokyo. Riken is a Designated National Research and Development Institute, and was formerly an Independent Administrative Institution.

Riken conducts research in various fields of science, including physics, chemistry, biology, genomics, medical science, engineering, high-performance computing and computational science, and ranging from basic research to practical applications with 485 partners worldwide. It is almost entirely funded by the Japanese government, with an annual budget of ¥100 billion (US$750 million) in FY2023.
Go Forth
Go Forth is the third album by Les Savy Fav, released in 2001 via Frenchkiss Records. It was mixed in June 2001 at Magic Shop in Manhattan, and was mastered by John Loder at Abbey Road Studios, London.

Magic Shop (recording studio)
The Magic Shop was an American independent recording studio located at 49 Crosby Street in the SoHo neighborhood of Lower Manhattan in New York City. Established in 1988 by Steve Rosenthal, The Magic Shop hosted projects by David Bowie, Lou Reed, Foo Fighters, and others.
Beaver and Erie Canal
The Beaver and Erie Canal, also known as the Erie Extension Canal, was part of the Pennsylvania Canal system and consisted of three sections: the Beaver Division, the Shenango Division, and the Conneaut Division. The canal ran 136 miles (219 km) north–south near the western edge of the state from the Ohio River to Lake Erie through Beaver County, Lawrence County, Mercer County, Crawford County, and Erie County, Pennsylvania.

The southern terminus of the canal was the confluence of the Beaver River with the Ohio River in Beaver County about 20 miles (32 km) downstream from Pittsburgh, and the northern terminus was the city of  Erie, in Erie County. The canal needed a total of 137 locks to overcome a change in elevation of 977 feet (298 m).

Beaver County, Pennsylvania
Beaver County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 168,215. Its county seat is Beaver, and its largest city is Aliquippa. The county is part of the Greater Pittsburgh region of the commonwealth.
Outlaw Country (SiriusXM)
Outlaw Country is a Sirius XM Radio channel devoted to outlaw country music, along with various related genres including classic honky tonk, alternative country and roots rock. It is carried on Sirius XM Radio channel 62 and DISH Network channel 6060.

Alternative country
Alternative country (commonly abbreviated to alt-country; insurgent country, Americana, or y'allternative) is a loosely defined subgenre of country music that includes acts that differ significantly in style from mainstream country music, mainstream country rock, and country pop. Most frequently, the term has been used to describe certain country music bands and artists that are also defined as or have incorporated influences from genres such as alternative rock, indie rock, punk rock, heartland rock, Southern rock, progressive country, outlaw country, neotraditional country, Texas country, Red Dirt, roots rock, indie folk, folk rock, rockabilly, bluegrass, and honky tonk.
Nasrettinhoca
Nasrettinhoca (formerly Hortu) is a neighbourhood of the municipality and district of Sivrihisar, Eskişehir Province, Turkey. Its population is 414 (2022). Before the 2013 reorganisation, it was a town (belde). It is situated along a tributary of Sakarya River. The distance to Sivrihisar is 26 kilometres (16 mi) and to Eskişehir is 116 kilometres (72 mi).

The town is a historical settlement and it is named after Nasrettin Hoca, the famous Turkish popular philosopher and satirist of the 13th century. The town municipality claims that he was born in a historical house of the town, (now under restoration) in 1208. (However there are other claimants for Nasrettin Hoca's home like Akşehir) Like most other Central Anatolian towns, the town loses population because of migration to cities.

Belde
Belde (literally "town", also known as kasaba) means "large village with a municipality" in Turkish.

All Turkish province centers and district centers have municipalities, but the villages are usually too small to have municipalities. The population in some villages may exceed 2000 and in such villages a small municipality may be established depending on residents' choice. Such villages are called belde. Up to 2014 the number of belde municipalities was about 1400.

On 30 March 2014 by the act no. 6360 all villages (those with and without municipality) were included in the urban fabric of the district municipalities in 30 provinces. Thus belde municipalities in 30 provinces were abolished. The number of abolished belde municipalities is 1040.

Presently, in 51 provinces, which are not in the scope of the act no 6360, there are still 394 belde municipalities.
Gundula Bernàt-Klein
Gundula Bernàt-Klein is a German soprano. She is noted for her Bach recordings, such as BWV 243a and BWV 95. In 1967 she recorded with Harrad Wehruyng and Wilhelm Pommerien under conductor Wilhelm Ehmann at Petrikirche in Herford, Germany.

Herford
Herford (German: [ˈhɛʁfɔʁt] ⓘ; Low German: Hiarwede) is a town in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, located in the lowlands between the hill chains of the Wiehen Hills and the Teutoburg Forest. It is situated in the cultural region of Ostwestfalen-Lippe (OWL) and the administrative region of Detmold. It is the capital of the district (Landkreis) of Herford.
ART Holdings
ART Holdings (Amalgamated Regional Trading) is a company in Zimbabwe.  It is principally a paper manufacturer, including stationery and tissue converting.  The ART Group of Companies is active in Zimbabwe, Malawi and throughout Southern Africa.

"ART" stands for "Amalgamated Regional Trading".  ART Group is based in Harare and it conducts papermaking operations in Mutare and Kadoma. The company's shares are listed on the Zimbabwe Stock Exchange and is a component of its principal stock index, the Zimbabwe Industrial Index.

Mutare
Mutare, known as Umtali until 1982, is the capital and largest city in the province of Manicaland. It is the third-largest city in Zimbabwe. Having surpassed Gweru in the 2012 census, with an urban population of 224,802 and approximately 260,567 in the surrounding districts, Mutare adds to the wider metropolitan area a total population of over 500,000 people. Mutare is also the capital of Manicaland Province and the largest city in eastern Zimbabwe.

Located near the border with Mozambique, Mutare has long been a centre of trade and a key terminus en route to the port of Beira (in Beira, Mozambique). Mutare is hub for trade with railway links, pipeline transport and highways linking the coast with Harare and Zimbabwe's interior. Other traditional industries include timber, papermaking, commerce, food processing, telecommunications, and transportation. In addition the city serves as a gateway to the scenic Eastern Highlands, nearby Gorongosa National Park, and the Mozambique coast.
1872 Aberdeen by-election
The 1872 Aberdeen by-election was fought on 29 June 1872.  The by-election occurred as a result of the death of the incumbent Liberal MP, William Henry Sykes.  It was won by the "Moderate Liberal" candidate John Farley Leith against the official Liberal candidate James William Barclay, whose reputation as a Radical led to a split in the local party

William Henry Sykes
Colonel William Henry Sykes, FRS (25 January 1790 – 16 June 1872) was an English naturalist who served with the British military in India and was specifically known for his work with the Indian Army as a politician, Indologist and ornithologist. One of the pioneers of the Victorian statistical movement, a founder of the Royal Statistical Society, he conducted surveys and examined the efficiency of army operation. Returning from service in India, he became a director of the East India Company and a member of parliament representing Aberdeen.