hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Channel darter
The channel darter (Percina copelandi) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is native to North America where it typically occurs in the sandy or gravelly shallows of lakes and in small and medium-sized rivers in riffles over sand, gravel or rock bottoms. It is a small fish ranging from 34 to 72 mm (1.3 to 2.8 in) in length, olive brown with darker speckles and sometimes with a dark spot below the eye and dark blotches along the flank. It feeds mostly on insect larvae and other small invertebrates and breeds in small streams. This species is listed as threatened by the Canadian Species at Risk Act (SARA) but overall it has a wide range and numerous sub-populations and the International Union for Conservation of Nature has rated it as a "least concern species".

Sander (fish)
Sander (formerly known as Stizostedion) is a genus of predatory ray-finned fish in the family Percidae, which also includes the perches, ruffes, and darters. They are also known as "pike-perch" because of their resemblance to fish in the unrelated Esocidae (pike) family. They are the only genus in the monotypic tribe Luciopercini, which is one of two tribes in the subfamily Luciopercinae.

The earliest known fossils of this genus are partial jaw and vertebrae elements from the middle Miocene (Barstovian)-aged Wood Mountain Formation of Saskatchewan, Canada.
Holovetsko, Sambir Raion
Holovetsko (Ukrainian: Головецько, Polish: Hołowiecko) is a village (selo) in Sambir Raion, Lviv Oblast, of Western Ukraine. It belongs to Strilky rural hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.

The population is 1,170 people (2001); as of 2020, the adult population is 859 people.

Lviv Oblast
Lviv Oblast (Ukrainian: Львівська область, romanized: Lvivska oblast, IPA: [ˈlʲwiu̯sʲkɐ ˈɔblɐsʲtʲ]), also referred to as Lvivshchyna (Ukrainian: Львівщина, IPA: [ˈlʲwiu̯ʃtʃɪnɐ]), is an oblast in western Ukraine. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Lviv. The current population is 2,478,133 (2022 estimate).
Ulrich Erben
Ulrich Erben (born 26 March 1940 in Düsseldorf) is a German painter. From 1980 to 2005, he was a Professor of Painting at the Kunstakademie Münster (University of Fine Arts Münster). He is known as a master of the color field style of abstract painting, closely related to abstract expressionism, in which he creates tension between a defined surface structure, his own method of applying paint to a canvas, and the relationship of various shades of white or color to each other in their placement as part of a composition on the flat plane of a canvas. In 1986 and 2008, he was awarded the Konrad-von-Soest Prize for Visual Arts by the Landschaftsverband Westfalen-Lippe (Landscape Society Westphalia-Lippe).

Goch
Goch (German: [ɡɔx] ⓘ; archaic spelling: Gog) is a town in the Kleve district of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, close to the border with the Netherlands, 12 km (7 mi) south of Kleve and 27 km (17 mi) southeast of Nijmegen.
Odontopleuridae
Odontopleuridae is a family of odontopleurid trilobites found in marine strata throughout the world.  Odontopleurids of Odontopleuridae first appear in Late Cambrian-aged marine strata, and the last genera perish by the end of the Frasnian stage during the Late Devonian.  The members of Odontopleuridae are famous for their spinose appearance, having long, often numerous spines along the edges of their exoskeletons, and derived from ends of segments or tubercle ornaments.

Frasnian
The Frasnian is one of two faunal stages in the Late Devonian Period. It lasted from 382.31 million years ago to 372.15  million years ago. It was preceded by the Givetian Stage and followed by the Famennian Stage.

Major reef-building was under way during the Frasnian Stage, particularly in western Canada and Australia.  On land, the first forests were taking shape. In North America, the Antler orogeny peaked, which were contemporary with the Bretonic phase of the Variscan orogeny in Europe.

The Frasnian coincides with the second half of the "charcoal gap" in the fossil record, a time when atmospheric oxygen levels were below 13 percent, the minimum necessary to sustain wildfires.

North American subdivisions of the Frasnian include

West Falls Group

Sonyea Group

Genesee Group
Protofeminism
Protofeminism is a concept that anticipates modern feminism in eras when the feminist concept as such was still unknown. This refers particularly to times before the 20th century, although the precise usage is disputed, as 18th-century feminism and 19th-century feminism are often subsumed into "feminism". The usefulness of the term protofeminist has been questioned by some modern scholars, as has the term postfeminist.

Laura Cereta
Laura Cereta (Brescia, September 1469 – 1499) was one of the most notable humanist and feminist writers of fifteenth-century Italy. Cereta was the first to put women’s issues and her friendships with women front and center in her work. Cereta wrote in Brescia, Verona, and Venice in 1488–92, known for her writing in the form of letters to other intellectuals. Her letters contained her personal matters and childhood memories, and discussed themes such as women’s education, war, and marriage. Like the first great humanist Petrarch, Cereta claimed to seek fame and immortality through her writing. It appeared that her letters were intended for a general audience.
Lush (company)
Lush Ltd. is a British cosmetics retailer which is headquartered in Poole, England. It was founded in 1994 by trichologist Mark Constantine, his wife Mo Constantine and five other founders.

It produces and sells creams, soaps, shampoos, shower gels, lotions, moisturisers, scrubs, masks, and other cosmetics for the face and hair.

The organisation states it uses only vegetarian recipes, 95% of which are also vegan. The company operates stores in 51 countries globally, as well as production facilities located in the United Kingdom, Canada, Croatia, Germany, Japan, Australia and Poland.

Trichology
Trichology is the study of the hair and scalp. The term derives from Ancient Greek θρίξ (thríx), "hair"  and -λογία -logia. In most jurisdictions the title of a trichologist, not the field of trichology, is considered a para-medical discipline.

The Institute of Trichologists was founded in 1902. The first journal for the field, International Journal of Trichology, was founded in 2009.
Gmina Osiecznica
Gmina Osiecznica is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Bolesławiec County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Osiecznica, which lies approximately 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) north-west of Bolesławiec and 116 km (72 mi) west of the regional capital Wrocław.

The gmina covers an area of 437.07 square kilometres (168.75 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 7,396.

Lower Silesian Voivodeship
Lower Silesian Voivodeship (Polish: województwo dolnośląskie, [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ dɔlnɔˈɕlɔ̃skjɛ] ⓘ) in southwestern Poland, is one of the 16 voivodeships (provinces) into which Poland is divided. It covers an area of 19,946 square kilometres (7,701 sq mi) and as of 2019 has a total population of 2,899,986.

It is one of the wealthiest provinces in Poland, as natural resources such as copper, brown coal and rock materials are widely present.

Its capital and largest city is Wrocław, situated on the Oder River. The voivodeship is host to several spa towns, many castles and palaces, and the Giant Mountains, with several ski resorts. For this reason, tourism is a large part of this region's economy.
Royoporus
Royoporus is a genus of fungi in the family Polyporaceae. It was circumscribed by mycologist Asit Baran De in 1996. The genus name honours Indian botanist Anjali Roy, (1930–2017), who worked at Visva-Bharati University in West Bengal. The genus is monotypic, being represented by the single species Royoporus spatulatus.

Former species;

R. badius (Pers.) A.B. De (1997) = Picipes badius

R. pseudobetulinus (Murashk. ex Pilát) A.B. De (1998) = Favolus pseudobetulinus

Visva-Bharati University
Visva-Bharati (IAST: Viśva-Bhāratī) (Bengali: [biʃːobʱaroti]) is a public central university and an Institute of National Importance located in Shantiniketan, West Bengal, India. The foundation stone was laid on 8 Poush 1325 (24th December 1918) by Rabindranath Tagore, who called it Visva-Bharati, which means the communion of the world with India. Until independence it was a college. Soon after independence, the institution was given the status of a central university in 1951 by an act of the Parliament.
Guttural
Guttural speech sounds are those with a primary place of articulation near the back of the oral cavity, where it is difficult to distinguish a sound's place of articulation and its phonation. In popular usage it is an imprecise term for sounds produced relatively far back in the vocal tract, such as the German ch or the Arabic ayin, but not simple glottal sounds like h. The term 'guttural language' is used for languages that have such sounds.

As a technical term used by phoneticians and phonologists, guttural has had various definitions. The concept always includes pharyngeal consonants, but may include velar, uvular or laryngeal consonants as well.
Guttural sounds are typically consonants, but murmured, pharyngealized, glottalized and strident vowels may be also considered guttural in nature.
Some phonologists argue that all post-velar sounds constitute a natural class.

Uvular consonant
Uvulars are consonants articulated with the back of the tongue against or near the uvula, that is, further back in the mouth than velar consonants.  Uvulars may be stops, fricatives, nasals, trills, or approximants, though the IPA does not provide a separate symbol for the approximant, and the symbol for the voiced fricative is used instead. Uvular affricates can certainly be made but are rare: they occur in most Turkic languages, most Persian languages, most Arabic languages, in some southern High-German dialects, as well as a few African and Native American languages. (Ejective uvular affricates occur as realizations of uvular stops in  Kazakh, Bashkir, Arabic dialects, Lillooet, or as allophonic realizations of the ejective uvular fricative in Georgian.) Uvular consonants are typically incompatible with advanced tongue root, and they often cause retraction of neighboring vowels.
Sameli Tala
Sameli Tala (16 August 1893 – 6 January 1961) was a Finnish track and field athlete. He was born in Jalasjärvi. He competed in the 3000 metres team race at the 1924 Summer Olympics, where the Finnish team won gold medals.

Athletics at the 1924 Summer Olympics – Men's 3000 metres team race
The men's 3000 metres team event was part of the track and field athletics programme at the 1924 Summer Olympics. It was the third and last appearance of a 3000-metre team race event after the debut in 1912, but the sixth time that a team contest was arranged at the Olympics. The competition was held on Friday, July 11, 1924, and on Sunday, July 13, 1924. Forty-four runners from nine nations competed.
Lists of earthquakes
Earthquakes are caused by movements within the Earth's crust and uppermost mantle. They range from weak events detectable only by seismometers, to sudden and violent events lasting many minutes which have caused some of the biggest disasters in human history. Below, there are earthquakes listed by period, region or country, year, magnitude, cost, fatalities, and number of scientific studies.

893 Dvin earthquake
The 893 Dvin earthquake occurred on 28 December 893 at around midnight. It had a magnitude of approximately 6 and a maximum intensity of approximately IX (Violent) on the Mercalli intensity scale. It destroyed the city of Dvin in Armenia, causing approximately 30,000 casualties.

The earthquake is sometimes referred to as the 893 Ardabil earthquake. Although the 893 Ardabil earthquake appears in several catalogues the event may not have happened. The similarity of the Arabic name for Dvin, 'Dabil' to Ardabil in northwestern Iran, may have caused confusion in written records. The Ardabil area is prone to numerous earthquakes and was struck by a major earthquake in 1997.
2019 Alpine Skiing World Cup – Men's downhill
The men's downhill in the 2019 FIS Alpine Skiing World Cup involved eight events. Swiss skier Beat Feuz won his second consecutive season title in this discipline.

The season was interrupted by the 2019 World Ski Championships, which were held from 4–17 February in Åre, Sweden. The men's downhill was held on 9 February.

FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 2019 – Men's downhill
The Men's downhill competition at the FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 2019 was held on Saturday, 9 February.

In the final event of his international career, Aksel Lund Svindal won the silver medal, two-hundredths of a second behind compatriot and training partner Kjetil Jansrud.

The race course was 2.172 km (1.35 mi) in length, with a vertical drop of 637 m (2,090 ft) from a starting elevation of 1,033 m (3,389 ft) above sea level. Jansrud's winning time of 79.98 seconds yielded an average speed of 97.764 km/h (60.7 mph) and an average vertical descent rate of 7.9645 m/s (26.1 ft/s).
Westbourne (Brighton and Hove ward)
Westbourne was an electoral ward in Hove, England. The population of the ward at the 2021 census was 9,785. It was part of the parliamentary constituency of Hove and Portslade.

Following a review of boundaries, the ward was abolished and became part of the wards of Westbourne & Poets' Corner and Wish for the 2023 election.

Hove
Hove (/hoʊv/ HOHV) is a seaside town in East Sussex, England. Alongside Brighton, it is one of the two main parts of the city of Brighton and Hove.

Originally a fishing village surrounded by open farmland, it grew rapidly in the 19th century in response to the development of its eastern neighbour Brighton; by the Victorian era it was a fully developed town with borough status. Neighbouring parishes such as Aldrington and Hangleton were annexed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The neighbouring urban district of Portslade was merged with Hove in 1974. In 1997, as part of local government reform, the borough merged with Brighton to form the Borough of Brighton and Hove; this unitary authority was granted city status in 2000.
SNCF BB 1320
The SNCF locomotives BB 1321 to BB 1324 were a class of 1500 V DC 4 axle electric locomotives originally built for the Chemin de fer de Paris à Orléans in the 1920s.

After incorporation into SNCF the locomotives were used for shunting duties after the late 1940s.

Compagnie du chemin de fer de Paris à Orléans
The Compagnie du chemin de fer de Paris à Orléans (French pronunciation: [kɔ̃paɲi dy ʃəmɛ̃ də fɛʁ də paʁi a ɔʁleɑ̃], PO) was an early French railway company.

It merged with the Chemins de fer du Midi to form the Chemins de fer de Paris à Orléans et du Midi (PO-Midi) in 1934. In 1938 the PO-Midi was nationalized with five other companies to become a part of the Société nationale des chemins de fer français (SNCF).
Bagno, Łódź Voivodeship
Bagno [ˈbaɡnɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Rozprza, within Piotrków County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) east of Rozprza, 12 km (7 mi) south of Piotrków Trybunalski, and 57 km (35 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

Piotrków Trybunalski
Piotrków Trybunalski ([ˈpʲɔtrkuf trɨbuˈnalskʲi] ⓘ; also known by alternative names), often simplified to Piotrków, is a city in central Poland with 71,252 inhabitants (2021). It is the capital of Piotrków County and the second-largest city in the Łódź Voivodeship.

Founded in the late Middle Ages, Piotrków was once a royal city and holds an important place in Polish history; the first parliament sitting was held here in the 15th century. It then became the seat of a Crown Tribunal, the highest court of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. The city also hosted one of Poland's oldest Jewish communities, which was entirely destroyed by the Holocaust. The old town in Piotrków features many historical and architectural monuments, including tenements, churches, synagogues and the medieval Royal Castle.
Chuck Parsons
Charles W. Parsons (February 6, 1924 – January 3, 1999) was an American sports car racing driver. Parsons drove in SCCA and USSRC competition, then became a driver in the Can Am series. Like many drivers of the era, he participated in multiple venues, such as the 24 Hours of Daytona and 24 Hours of Le Mans endurance races while driving the same year in the Can Am series.

Can–Am
The Canadian-American Challenge Cup, or Can-Am, was an SCCA/CASC sports car racing series from 1966 to 1974, and again from 1977 to 1987.

The Can-Am rules were deliberately simple and placed few limits on the entries. This led to a wide variety of unique car body designs and powerful engine installations. Notable among these were Jim Hall's Chaparrals and entries with over 1,000 horsepower.
Lance Lewis, Space Detective
Lance Lewis, Space Detective is a superhero from the Golden Age of Comics. He first appeared in Mystery Comics #3 (1944), published by Nedor Comics. The character was revived by writer Alan Moore for America's Best Comics.

Golden Age of Comic Books
The Golden Age of Comic Books describes an era in the history of American comic books from 1938 to 1956. During this time, modern comic books were first published and rapidly increased in popularity. The superhero archetype was created and many well-known characters were introduced, including Superman, Batman, Robin, Captain Marvel, Captain America, and Wonder Woman.
2001 Calder Cup playoffs
The 2001 Calder Cup playoffs of the American Hockey League began on April 10, 2001. The sixteen teams that qualified, eight from each conference, played best-of-five series for division semifinals and best-of-seven series for division finals and conference finals.  The conference champions played a best-of-seven series for the Calder Cup. The Calder Cup Final ended on May 28, 2001, with the Saint John Flames defeating the Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Penguins four games to two to win the first, and only, Calder Cup in team history.

Saint John's Steve Begin won the Jack A. Butterfield Trophy as AHL playoff MVP. Wilkes-Barre Scranton defenseman Chris Kelleher set an AHL playoff record for points scored by a defenseman in one playoff with 25 (7 goals, 18 assists). This record was broken in 2008 by Wilkes-Barre/Scranton defenseman Alex Goligoski.

Chris Kelleher
Christopher D. Kelleher (born March 23, 1975) is a retired American professional ice hockey defenseman. He played one game in the National Hockey League, with the Boston Bruins on March 16, 2002, against the Detroit Red Wings. The rest of his career, which lasted from 1998 to 2007, was mainly spent in the minor American Hockey League. After retiring he became a scout with the Minnesota Wild.
And Life Goes On
And Life Goes On (Persian: زندگی و دیگر هیچ Zendegi va digar hich; also called Life, and Nothing More...) is a 1992 Iranian film directed by Abbas Kiarostami. It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1992 Cannes Film Festival. It is the second film in Kiarostami's so-called Koker trilogy.

After the 1990 earthquake in Iran that killed over 30,000 people, Kiarostami went to search for the stars of his previous film Where Is the Friend's Home?; this film is a semi-fictional work based on that search. Shot in a documentary-style, it shows a director (played by Farhad Kheradmand) on this journey through the country in the aftermath of the devastating earthquake.

Un Certain Regard
Un Certain Regard (French: [œ̃ sɛʁtɛ̃ ʁəɡaʁ]; 'A Certain Glance') is a section of the Cannes Film Festival's official selection. It is run at the salle Debussy, parallel to the competition for the Palme d'Or. This section was introduced in 1978 by Gilles Jacob.

The section presents 20 films with unusual styles and non-traditional stories seeking international recognition.

Since 1998, the section has awarded the Un Certain Regard Prize to one film in the lineup, recognising emerging talent and innovative work. At the 1998 Cannes Film Festival, Killer by Darezhan Omirbaev was named the inaugural winner, while The Mysterious Gaze of the Flamingo by Diego Céspedes is the most recent winner (2025).
Tony Biggs
Tony Biggs began his broadcasting career in the early 1980s in Brisbane on 4ZZZ. He later moved to Sydney, where he hosted a show on JJJ, an Australian youth radio station. In the 1990s Tony moved to Melbourne, appearing on radio 3RRR where he presented 'On the Blower' a talk-back discussion show. In the late 1990s Tony appeared on RMITV Under Melbourne Tonight, a show on public television Channel 31. Tony Biggs has been the drummer in bands such as The Black Assassins, Never Again (Mark Gee on Bass), Hell To Pay (Ian and Cathy from X with Spencer P. Jones), The Outer Limits (who opened in Brisbane for Iggy Pop on his 1983 Australian Tour with the New Christs), The Fuck Fucks and The Love Addicts.

RMITV
RMITV is a not-for-profit, community access television production facility based at RMIT University City Campus in Melbourne, Australia. It is a full member of the Melbourne Community Television Consortium, a not-for-profit consortium that operates the community access channel C31 which broadcasts throughout Melbourne and Geelong.
Prostitution in Mexico
Prostitution in Mexico is legal under Federal Law. Each of the 31 states enacts its own prostitution laws and policies. Thirteen of the states of Mexico allow and regulate prostitution. Prostitution involving minors under 18 is illegal. Some Mexican cities have enacted "tolerance zones" ("zonas de tolerancia") which allow regulated prostitution and function as red-light districts. In Tuxtla Gutiérrez, capital of the state of Chiapas, there is a state-run brothel at the Zona Galáctica(Galactic Zone). In most parts of the country, pimping is illegal, although pimp-worker relationships still occur, sometimes under female pimps called "madrotas"("Big Mothers"). The government provides shelter for former prostitutes.

UNAIDS estimated the number of prostitutes in the country at 236,930 in 2016.

Procuring (prostitution)
Procuring, pimping, or pandering is the facilitation or provision of a prostitute or other sex worker in the arrangement of a sex act with a customer. A procurer, often called a pimp if male, or a madam if female, (though the term "pimp" is often used for female procurers as well) or a brothel keeper, is an agent for prostitutes who collects part of their earnings. The procurer may receive this money in return for advertising services, physical protection, or for providing and possibly monopolizing a location where the prostitute may solicit clients. Like prostitution, the legality of certain actions of a madam or a pimp vary from one region to the next.

Examples of procuring include: helping to support trafficking a person into a country for the purpose of soliciting sex; operating a business where prostitution occurs; transporting a prostitute to the location of their arrangement; and deriving financial gain from the prostitution of another.
Rigid analytic space
In mathematics, a rigid analytic space is an analogue of a complex analytic space over a nonarchimedean field. Such spaces were introduced by John Tate in 1962, as an outgrowth of his work on uniformizing p-adic elliptic curves with bad reduction using the multiplicative group.  In contrast to the classical theory of p-adic analytic manifolds, rigid analytic spaces admit meaningful notions of analytic continuation and connectedness.

Multiplicative group
In mathematics and group theory, the term multiplicative group refers to one of the following concepts:

the group under multiplication of the invertible elements of a field, ring, or other structure for which one of its operations is referred to as multiplication. In the case of a field F, the group is (F ∖ {0}, •), where 0 refers to the zero element of F and the binary operation • is the field multiplication,

the algebraic torus GL(1).