hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1978 Alaska gubernatorial election
The 1978 Alaska gubernatorial election took place on November 7, 1978, to elect the governor of Alaska. Republican incumbent Jay Hammond defeated four opponents: former Governor of Alaska and write-in candidate Wally Hickel, Alaska Senator and Democratic nominee Chancy Croft, former Commissioner of Natural Resources and Independent candidate Tom Kelly and Alaskan Independence Party nominee Don Wright. After losing to Hammond in the Republican primary, Hickel ran as a write-in candidate and was able to outperform Croft. Republican Tom Fink and Democrat Jay Kerttula also ran in the open primary.

This was the first time an incumbent Republican governor was re-elected for a second term, and this would not occur again until 2022. This was also the last time until 1998 that an incumbent governor, regardless of party, would be re-elected, and the last time a Republican was elected governor of Alaska until 2002.

Alaskan Independence Party
The Alaskan Independence Party (AIP) was an Alaskan nationalist political party in the United States that advocated for an in-state referendum which would include the option of Alaska becoming an independent country. The party also supported gun rights, direct democracy, privatization, abolishing federal land ownership, and limited government.

Wally Hickel was elected as the Governor of Alaska in 1990 under the Independence Party, making it one of the few third parties to have controlled a governor's seat; however, Hickel transferred to the Republican Party before the 1994 election.

On December 7, 2025, the AIP's board voted to dissolve the party.
Stemphylium botryosum
Stemphylium botryosum (family Pleosporaceae, order Pleosporales) is a species of fungi and plant pathogen infecting several hosts including alfalfa, red clover, peanut, soybean, lentils, beet, tomato, lettuce, hemp and carnations.

It was originally found on Medicago sativa (Alfalfa) in Ontario, Canada and named as Pleospora tarda E.G Simmons but it was later found to be the anamorph of Stemphylium botryosum Wallr. 1833.

Teleomorph, anamorph and holomorph
In mycology, the terms teleomorph, anamorph, and holomorph apply to portions of the life cycles of fungi in the phyla Ascomycota and Basidiomycota:

Teleomorph: the sexual reproductive stage (morph), typically a fruiting body.

Anamorph: an asexual reproductive stage (morph), often mold-like. When a single fungus produces multiple morphologically distinct anamorphs, these are called synanamorphs.

Holomorph: the whole fungus, including anamorphs and teleomorph.

The terms were introduced in 1981 to simplify the discussion of the procedures of the existing dual-naming system, which (1) permitted anamorphs to have their separate names but (2) treated teleomorphic names as having precedence for being used as the holomorphic name. The Melbourne Code removes the provisions and allows all names to compete on equal footing for priority as the correct name of a fungus, and hence does not use the term holomorph any more.
Physically based rendering
Physically based rendering (PBR) is a computer graphics approach that seeks to render images in a way that models the lights and surfaces with optics in the real world. It is often referred to as "Physically Based Lighting" or "Physically Based Shading". Many PBR pipelines aim to achieve photorealism. Feasible and quick approximations of the bidirectional reflectance distribution function and rendering equation are of mathematical importance in this field. Photogrammetry may be used to help discover and encode accurate optical properties of materials. PBR principles may be implemented in real-time applications using shaders or offline applications using ray tracing or path tracing.

Bidirectional reflectance distribution function
The bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF), symbol , is a function of four real variables that defines how light from a source is reflected off an opaque surface. It is employed in the optics of real-world light, in computer graphics algorithms, and in computer vision algorithms. The function takes an incoming light direction, , and outgoing direction,  (taken in a coordinate system where the surface normal  lies along the z-axis), and returns the ratio of reflected radiance exiting along  to the irradiance incident on the surface from direction . Each direction  is itself parameterized by azimuth angle  and zenith angle , therefore the BRDF as a whole is a function of  4 variables. The BRDF has units sr−1, with steradians (sr) being a unit of solid angle.
CD Lugo B
Club Deportivo Lugo "B", previously Polvorín Fútbol Club and Sociedad Deportiva e Cultural Polvorín, is a Spanish football team based in Lugo, in the autonomous community of Galicia. Founded in 1991, it plays in Tercera Federación – Group 1, holding home matches at Campo Municipal de A Cheda with a capacity of 1,000 seats.

Lugo
Lugo (Galician: [ˈluɣo], Spanish: [ˈluɣo] ⓘ) is a city in northwestern Spain in the autonomous community of Galicia. It is the capital of the province of Lugo. The municipality had a population of 100,060 in 2024, making it the fourth most populous city in Galicia.

Lugo is the only city in the world to be surrounded by completely intact Roman walls, which reach a height of 10 to 15 metres (33 to 49 feet) along a 2,117-metre (6,946 ft) circuit ringed with 71 towers. The walk along the top is continuous around the circuit and features ten gates. The 3rd century Roman walls, the only one of its kind in the world, are protected by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site. The city's historic bridge over the Miño is also essentially of Roman date. The city of Lugo is along the Camino Primitivo path of the Camino de Santiago.
Jatropha podagrica
Jatropha podagrica is a species of flowering, caudiciform succulent plant in the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae, aligning it closely with related genera such as Croton, Euphorbia and Ricinus (castor bean), among others. It is native to the neotropics of Central America and southern Mexico, but is grown as an ornamental plant in many parts of the world due to its unusual appearance and mature caudex development. Common names for the species include gout-plant, gout-stalk, Guatemalan rhubarb, coral-plant, Buddha-belly plant, purging-nut, physic-nut, goutystalk nettlespurge, Australian bottleplant (a geographical misnomer) and tartogo.

Misnomer
A misnomer is a name that is incorrectly or unsuitably applied. Misnomers often arise because something was named long before its correct nature was known, or because an earlier form of something has been replaced by a later form to which the name no longer suitably applies. A misnomer may also be a word that is used incorrectly or misleadingly. The word "misnomer" does not mean "misunderstanding" or "popular misconception", and a number of misnomers remain in common usage — which is to say that a word being a misnomer does not necessarily make usage of the word incorrect.
The Horror of It All
The Horror of It All is a 1964 British horror comedy film directed by Terence Fisher and starring Pat Boone and Erica Rogers. The screenplay was by Ray Russell.

In the US, the film was distributed on the bottom half of a double bill with Witchcraft, starring Lon Chaney, Jr. and Jack Hedley.

Jack Hedley
Jack Snowdon Hawkins (28 October 1929 – 11 December 2021), better known as Jack Hedley, was an English film, voice, radio, stage, character, theatre, screen and television actor best known for his performances on television. His birth name necessitated a change to avoid confusion with his namesake who was already registered with the British actors' trade union Equity.
2018 Renault UK Clio Cup
The 2018 Renault UK Clio Cup is a multi-event, one make motor racing championship held across England. The championship features a mix of professional motor racing teams and privately funded drivers competing in the Clio Renaultsport 200 Turbo EDC that conform to the technical regulations for the championship. Organised by the British Automobile Racing Club, it forms part of the extensive program of support categories built up around the British Touring Car Championship. It will be the 23rd Renault Clio Cup United Kingdom season and the 43rd of UK motorsport undertaken by Renault and Renault Sport. The first race takes place on 1 April at Brands Hatch on the circuit's Indy configuration and concluded on 30 September at the same venue, utilising the Grand Prix circuit, after eighteen races held at nine meetings.

Renault Sport
Renault Sport  (French pronunciation: [ʁəno spɔʁ]) or Renaultsport, was a motorsport, performance and special vehicles division for Renault-badged cars and later a sub-badge of Renault cars managed by Alpine. The first Renault Sport was officially established as a company in 1976 as a merger between the Alpine and Gordini competition departments. It was made a division and reorganised in 2002 and 2016. In December 2021, all Renault Sport operations were merged into an Alpine-led business unit. The Renault Sport car range under Alpine was completely phased out by the end of 2023.
James Rushforth
James Rushforth is a British photographer, mountaineer, climber, and travel writer, especially known for his two guide book series, on Iceland and the Dolomites. He is also known for his travel, nature, landscape, and extreme sport photographs, many of which have been recognized at the International Photography Award, the Siena International Photo Award, and the Px3 – Prix de la Photographie. Rushforth's photos have been displayed in national newspapers, travel magazines, and other media.

Extreme sport
Action sports, adventure sports or extreme sports are activities perceived as involving a high degree of risk of injury or death. These activities often involve speed, height, a high level of physical exertion and highly specialized gear. Extreme tourism overlaps with extreme sport. The two share the same main attraction, "adrenaline rush" caused by an element of risk, and differ mostly in the degree of engagement and professionalism.
Gemma Steel
Gemma Steel (born 12 November 1985) is a British long-distance runner who competes in road running and cross country running competitions. She was the 2014 gold medallist at the European Cross Country Championships. She has represented Great Britain internationally in cross country, road and track events. She has won at three of the Great Run series events: the Great Ireland Run, Great Birmingham Run and Great Yorkshire Run. She has also won the Bristol Half Marathon and placed seventh at the 2012 IAAF World Half Marathon Championships.

European Cross Country Championships
The European Cross Country Championships is an annual international cross country running competition. Organised by the European Athletic Association, it is the area championships for the region and is held in December each year. The championships was inaugurated in 1994 in Alnwick and the venue for the championships changes each year.

Unlike the World Championships for the sport, the European Cross Country Championships consists of six races in age categories, with separate senior, under-23, and junior races for both men and women. There are individual and national team medals awarded in each race. In the team competition, the top three from a team of up to six are scored.
Zeppelin-Lindau D.I
The Zeppelin D.I, or Zeppelin-Lindau D.I or Zeppelin D.I (Do), as named in German documents, also sometimes referred to postwar as the Dornier D.I or Dornier-Zeppelin D.I, for the designer, was a single-seat all-metal stressed skin monocoque cantilever-wing biplane fighter, developed by Claude Dornier while working for Luftschiffbau Zeppelin at their Lindau facility. It was too late to see operational service with the German Air Force (Luftstreitkräfte) during World War I.

Lindau
Lindau (German: Lindau (Bodensee), Lindau im Bodensee; German: [ˈlɪndaʊ] ⓘ; Low Alemannic: Lindou) is a major town and island on the eastern side of Lake Constance (Bodensee in German) in Bavaria, Germany. It is the capital of the county (Landkreis) of Lindau, Bavaria and is near the borders of the Austrian state of Vorarlberg, and the Swiss cantons of St. Gallen and Thurgau. The coat of arms of Lindau town is a linden tree, referring to the supposed origin of the town's name. The historic town of Lindau is located on the 0.68-square-kilometre (0.26 sq mi) island of the same name, which is connected with the mainland by a road bridge and a railway causeway leading to Lindau station.

Lindau is located near the meeting point of the Austrian-German-Swiss tripoint and is nestled on the lake in front of Austria's Pfänder mountain. Lindau is popular with sightseers and vacationers for its medieval town centre and picturesque location on Lake Constance.
Serbian Air Show
The Batajnica Air Show or the Serbian Air Show is an annual international airshow hosted at the Batajnica Air Base, Serbia, conducted and exhibitioned by the Serbian Air Force and international participants.

Batajnica Air Base
The Colonel-pilot Milenko Pavlović Air Base (Serbian: Војни аеродром пуковник-пилот Миленко Павловић, romanized: Vojni aerodrom pukovnik-pilot Milenko Pavlović), commonly known as Batajnica Air Base (Serbian: Војни аеродром Батајница, romanized: Vojni aerodrom Batajnica) (IATA: BJY, ICAO: LYBT) is the main military air base of Serbia. It is located between Batajnica and Nova Pazova, about 25 km northwest from the center of Belgrade, Serbia.
Weyl–Schouten theorem
In the mathematical field of differential geometry, the existence of isothermal coordinates for a (pseudo-)Riemannian metric is often of interest. In the case of a metric on a two-dimensional space, the existence of isothermal coordinates is unconditional. For higher-dimensional spaces, the Weyl–Schouten theorem (named after Hermann Weyl and Jan Arnoldus Schouten) characterizes the existence of isothermal coordinates by certain equations to be satisfied by the Riemann curvature tensor of the metric.

Existence of isothermal coordinates is also called conformal flatness, although some authors refer to it instead as local conformal flatness; for those authors, conformal flatness refers to a more restrictive condition.

Graduate Texts in Mathematics
Graduate Texts in Mathematics (GTM) (ISSN 0072-5285) is a series of graduate-level textbooks in mathematics published by Springer-Verlag.  The books in this series, like the other Springer-Verlag mathematics series, are yellow books of a standard size (with variable numbers of pages).  The GTM series is easily identified by a white band at the top of the book.

The books in this series tend to be written at a more advanced level than the similar Undergraduate Texts in Mathematics series, although there is a fair amount of overlap between the two series in terms of material covered and difficulty level.
Mvuma
Mvuma, previously named 'Umvuma', is a small mining town in Midlands province in Zimbabwe.

19°17′S 30°32′E﻿ / ﻿19.283°S 30.533°E﻿ / -19.283; 30.533

Located 192 km south of Harare along the Harare - Masvingo highway. Approx 100 km from Masvingo.

Masvingo
Masvingo, formerly known as Fort Victoria, is a city in southeastern Zimbabwe and the capital of Masvingo Province. The city lies close to Great Zimbabwe, the national monument from which the country takes its name and close to Lake Mutirikwi, its recreational park, the Kyle dam and the Kyle National Reserve that is home to a range of animal species. It is mostly populated by the Karanga people who form the biggest branch of the various Shona tribes in Zimbabwe.
South Westmorland Rural District
54°22′23″N 2°43′08″W﻿ / ﻿54.373°N 2.719°W﻿ / 54.373; -2.719

South Westmorland was a rural district in Westmorland, England from 1894 to 1974.  It saw various boundary changes during its existence, particularly in 1935, when it absorbed Kirkby Lonsdale urban district, whilst parts merged with Ambleside and Grasmere Urban Districts to form Lakes Urban District at the same time. The district was abolished in 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972, with the area becoming part of the South Lakeland district of Cumbria.

Rural district
A rural district was a type of local government area – now superseded – established at the end of the 19th century in England, Wales, and Ireland for the administration of predominantly rural areas at a level lower than that of the administrative counties.
Brachyprosopus
Brachyprosopus is an extinct genus of dicynodont therapsid from the middle Permian Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone in the Abrahamskraal Formation belonging to the Beaufort Group of the Karoo Basin, South Africa.

Chelydontops Cluver, 1975, based on a skull from the Karoo Basin of South Africa, is a junior synonym.

Beaufort Group
The Beaufort Group is the third of the main subdivisions of the Karoo Supergroup  in South Africa. It is composed of a lower Adelaide Subgroup and an upper Tarkastad Subgroup. It follows conformably after the Ecca Group and unconformably underlies the Stormberg Group. Based on stratigraphic position, lithostratigraphic and biostratigraphic correlations, palynological analyses, and other means of geological dating, the Beaufort Group rocks are considered to range between Middle Permian (Wordian) to Early Triassic (Anisian) in age.
2015 Assen Superbike World Championship round
The 2015 Assen Superbike World Championship round was the fourth round of the 2015 Superbike World Championship and also the 2015 Supersport World Championship. It took place over the weekend of 17–19 April 2015 at the TT Circuit Assen located in Assen, Netherlands.

TT Circuit Assen
The TT Circuit Assen is a motorsport race track built in 1955 and located in Assen, Netherlands. Host of the Dutch TT, it is popularly referred to as "The Cathedral of Speed" by motorcycle racing fans. The venue has the distinction of holding the most Grand Prix motorcycle races every year (except 2020) since the series was created in 1949. It has a capacity of 110,000 spectators, including 60,000 seats. Since 1992, the circuit has also been part of the World SBK calendar except for the 2020 season.
Roman Theater (Zaragoza)
The Roman Theater of Zaragoza is a Roman theatre in the Roman colonia of Caesaraugusta –present-day Zaragoza, Spain–, in the Roman province of Hispania Tarraconensis. It was built in the first half of the 1st century AD, in the Age of Tiberius and Claudius, following the model of  the Theatre of Marcellus in Rome. It was used for Roman theatrical performances and had a capacity of 6,000 spectators in a city where only lived 18.000 people. Currently in ruins, it was active until the third century.

Its materials were used to build walls and other buildings. In 1973, archeological excavations uncovered it. It can currently be visited within the framework of the Cesaraugusta Theater Museum. It was declared Bien de Interés Cultural in 2001.

Hispania Tarraconensis
Hispania Tarraconensis was one of three Roman provinces in Hispania. It encompassed much of the northern, eastern and central territories of modern Spain along with modern northern Portugal. Southern Spain, the region now called Andalusia, was the province of Hispania Baetica. On the Atlantic west lay the province of Lusitania, partially coincident with modern-day Portugal.
Jewel of the Nile
Jewel of the Nile is the third studio album by American hip-hop duo Nice & Smooth. It was released on June 28, 1994, via Rush Associated Labels with distribution by PolyGram Group Distribution, Inc. The album was produced by Greg Nice, Showbiz, Luis "Phat Kat" Vega, Mark Morales, Mark Spark, and Mark C. Rooney. It peaked at number 66 on the Billboard 200 and at number 13 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart in the United States. Jewel of the Nile spawned two singles: "Old to the New" and "Return of the Hip Hop Freaks".

Def Jam Recordings
Def Jam Recordings (also simply known as Def Jam) is an American multinational record label owned by Universal Music Group. It is based in Manhattan, New York City, specializing predominantly in hip-hop, contemporary R&B, soul and pop.

The label has a London-based, UK arm known as 0207 Def Jam (formerly Def Jam UK in the 1990s until the mid-2000s) and is currently operated through EMI Records. It has a Johannesburg, South Africa and Lagos, Nigeria-based arm known as Def Jam Africa.
Kim Su-jung
Kim Soo-jung (Korean: 김수정; born April 9, 2004) is a South Korean former actress. Kim began her career as a child actress, and has starred in television series and films, such as Two Wives (2009), Pink Lipstick (2011) and Champ (2011). She is also known as host for one of segments in Star Golden Bell.

Child actor
A child actor or child actress is a child acting on stage, television or in movies. An adult who began their acting career as a child may also be called a child actor or a "former child actor". Closely associated terms include teenage actor or teen actor, which refer to an actor who gained popularity as a teenager.

Many child actors find themselves struggling to adapt as they become adults, mainly due to typecasting. Macaulay Culkin and Lindsay Lohan are two particularly famous child actors who eventually experienced much difficulty with the fame they acquired at an early age. Some child actors have successful acting careers as adults; for example Mickey Rooney, Elizabeth Taylor, Jodie Foster, Christian Bale, Drew Barrymore, Saoirse Ronan. Other child actors have gone on to successful careers in other fields, including director Ron Howard, politicians Lech and Jarosław Kaczyński, James Jebbia, and singer Jenny Lewis.
Washington's 19th legislative district
Washington's 19th legislative district is one of forty-nine districts in Washington state for representation in the state legislature.

The district includes the western extreme of the state south of the Olympic Peninsula and runs from Aberdeen to Longview.

This mostly rural district is represented by state senator Jeff Wilson and state representatives Jim Walsh (position 1) and Joel McEntire (position 2), all Republicans.

Aberdeen, Washington
Aberdeen (/ˈæbərdiːn/ AB-ər-deen) is a city in Grays Harbor County, Washington, United States. The population was 17,013 at the 2020 census. The city is the most populous in Grays Harbor County and the region's economic center, bordering the cities of Hoquiam and Cosmopolis. Aberdeen is occasionally referred to as the "Gateway to the Olympic Peninsula".
Decoration For Impeccable Service
The Decoration "For Impeccable Service" (Russian: знак отличия «За безупречную службу») is a state decoration of the Russian Federation aimed at recognising impeccable civilian or military service to the state beyond the scope of normal long service medals.

State decoration
A state decoration is an object, such as a medal or the insignia of an order, that is awarded by a sovereign state to honor the recipient.

The term includes civil awards and decorations, as well as military awards and decorations.