hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
The Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences is a bimonthly peer-reviewed open-access medical journal covering pharmaceutics, biopharmaceutics, pharmaceutical chemistry, pharmacognosy, pharmacology, pharmaceutical analysis, pharmacy practice, and clinical and hospital pharmacy. It is the official publication of the Indian Pharmaceutical Association. It was established in 1939 as the Indian Journal of Pharmacy, with M.L. Schroff as founding editor-in-chief.

Clinical pharmacy
Clinical pharmacy is the branch of pharmacy in which clinical pharmacists provide direct patient care that optimizes the use of medication and promotes health, wellness, and disease prevention. Clinical pharmacists care for patients in all health care settings, but the clinical pharmacy movement initially began inside hospitals and clinics. Clinical pharmacists often work in collaboration with physicians, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, and other healthcare professionals. Clinical pharmacists can enter into a formal collaborative practice agreement with another healthcare provider, generally one or more physicians, that allows pharmacists to prescribe medications and order laboratory tests.
Messengers 2: The Scarecrow
Messengers 2: The Scarecrow is a 2009 American supernatural horror film, starring Norman Reedus, Claire Holt, and Erbi Ago. The film serves as a prequel/contradictory remake to The Messengers. It was directed by Martin Barnewitz, and was released direct-to-video on DVD and Blu-ray on July 21, 2009.

Prequel
A prequel is a literary, dramatic or cinematic work whose story precedes that of a previous work, by focusing on events that occur before the original narrative. A prequel is a work that forms part of a backstory to the preceding work.

The term "prequel" is a 20th-century neologism from the prefix "pre-" (from Latin prae, "before") and "sequel".

Like sequels, prequels may or may not concern the same plot as the work from which they are derived. More often they explain the background that led to the events in the original, but sometimes the connections are not completely explicit. Sometimes prequels play on the audience's knowledge of what will happen next, using deliberate references to create dramatic irony.
Digital euro
The digital euro is a project of the European Central Bank (ECB), launched in July 2021, to explore the possible introduction of a central bank digital currency (CBDC). The aim is to develop a fast and secure electronic payment instrument that would complement the euro for individuals and businesses in its existing form as cash and in bank accounts, and would be issued by the European System of Central Banks of the Eurozone. The ECB has stated that the digital euro would not be based on blockchain or other distributed ledger technologies.

As of 2025, the Governing Council of the European Central Bank (ECB) has decided to move to the next phase of the digital euro project, following the completion of the preparation phase launched by the Eurosystem in November 2023. The ECB stated that, assuming EU legislation is adopted in 2026, the Eurosystem aims to be ready for a potential first issuance of a digital euro by 2029, with testing  beginning from mid-2027.

European System of Central Banks
The European System of Central Banks (ESCB) is an institution that comprises the European Central Bank (ECB) and the national central banks (NCBs) of all 27 member states of the European Union (EU). Its objective is to ensure price stability throughout the EU, and improve monetary and financial cooperation between eurozone and non-eurozone member states of the EU.
Barefoot (name)
Barefoot is both a surname and a given name. Notable people with the name include:

Surname:

Chad Barefoot (born 1983), American politician from North Carolina

Napoleon Barefoot (born 1930), Superior Court Judge North Carolina

Herbert Barefoot (1887–1958), English military officer and architect

John Barefoot, British stamp dealer, publisher of the Barefoot Catalogue

Ken Barefoot (born 1945), American football tight end

Magnus Barefoot (1073–1103), King of Norway

Robert Barefoot (born 1944), Canadian alternative health doctor

William Barefoot (1872–1941), British politician

Given name:

Barefoot Sanders (1925–2008), American District Judge from Texas

William Barefoot
William Barefoot (1872 – November 1941) was a notable local politician in south-east London during the early part of the 20th century.

He was born in Frances Street, Woolwich, and lived for a time in Griffin Road, Plumstead.

He served as a local councillor in Eltham for 33 years, was mayor of the Metropolitan Borough of Woolwich three times (1925–1927), and served on the national executive committee of the Labour Party. In 1928, he wrote Twenty-five years' history of the Woolwich Labour Party, 1903–1928, published by the "Kentish Independent" Printing Works. He died from a heart attack in the Woolwich council chamber.

Barefoot was instrumental in the creation of the Well Hall Pleasaunce as a public park and gardens. A plaque there reads: "He loved nature and his efforts to beautify Woolwich are reflected in the creation of this Pleasaunce". A small park, William Barefoot Gardens in Alliance Road, Plumstead, and William Barefoot Drive in Coldharbour are also named after him.
Weightlifting at the 2011 Arafura Games
Weightlifting at the 2011 Arafura Games took place at the Darwin Entertainment Centre between 10 and 13 May 2011.

Together with that year's Oceania Championships (which also include the South Pacific Championships), they were held concurrently as a single event designated the 2011 Arafura Games & Oceania Championships. Athletes from certain countries were able to contest multiple championships simultaneously (including age-group variants).

There were also two openweight para powerlifting events (one per gender) for disabled athletes.

Darwin Entertainment Centre
The Darwin Entertainment Centre is the city's main concert venue and hosts theatre and orchestral performances in Darwin, Australia. The centre is located in the Heart of Darwin's central business district. The Darwin Symphony Orchestra regularly plays there.

American singer Tina Turner performed at the venue in February 1988 as part of her Break Every Rule World Tour.
Belgium at the 2014 Winter Olympics
Belgium competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia from 7 to 23 February 2014. The team consisted of seven athletes in five sports, one less than in 2010. The goal of the team was a few top-8 performances.

Belgian Prime Minister Elio Di Rupo did not plan to attend the 2014 Winter Olympics. He has not said publicly that the decision was a political gesture.

Elio Di Rupo
Elio Di Rupo (French: [eljo di ʁupo]; born 18 July 1951) is a Belgian politician who served as the prime minister of Belgium from 2011 to 2014, heading the Di Rupo Government, and as minister-president of Wallonia for three non-consecutive terms between 1999 and 2024. He was the first francophone to hold the prime ministership since Paul Vanden Boeynants in 1979, and the country's first socialist prime minister since Edmond Leburton left office in 1974. Di Rupo was also Belgium's first prime minister of non-Belgian descent, and the world's second openly gay person and first openly gay man to be head of government in modern times.
McLaren's Bay
McLaren's Bay is a Dispersed rural community and unincorporated place in geographic Parkman Township in the Unorganized North Part of Nipissing District in Central Ontario, Canada. The community lies on the eponymous McLaren's Bay on the west shore of Lake Timiskaming, at the mouth of Opimika Creek. McLaren's Point is just north of the community.

A tertiary road leads from McLaren's Bay southwest to the railway point of Diver, on the Ontario Northland Railway, and—via a subsequent branching tertiary road—south to Ontario Highway 63, at a point about halfway between that highway's crossing over the Jocko River and Lake Timiskaming.

Township (Canada)
The term township, in Canada, is generally a district or area associated with a town or other locality. The specific use of the term to describe political subdivisions has varied across the country, usually to describe a local rural or semirural government.

In Eastern Canada, a township is one form of the subdivision of a county. In Quebec, the term is canton in French.
Namir Abdel Messeeh
Namir Abdel Messeeh (born 1974) is an Egyptian and French film director.

Messeeh was born in Egypt and grew up in France. He graduated from La Fémis in 2000 and obtained an MA in cinema studies from the University of Paris VII.

His short documentary You, Waguih discusses the political imprisonment of his father as a communist under President Nasser.

His documentary The Virgin, the Copts and Me premiered at the Doha Tribeca Film Festival. It won Outstanding Documentary Film at the Arab Film Festival in 2012 and Best Documentary at the 2013 African International Film Festival. It discusses the topic of Marian apparitions believed by many Egyptian Christians (Copts) to have occurred in Egypt.

His second full-length documentary Life After Siham premiered at the 2025 Cannes Film Festival.

Doha Tribeca Film Festival
The Doha Tribeca Film Festival (DTFF) was an annual five-day film festival that was organised from 2009 to 2012 to promote Arab and international films, and to develop a sustainable film industry in Qatar. One of Qatar's largest entertainment events, it attracted over 50,000 guests in 2010.

The festivals were organised by the Doha Film Institute (DFI), which was founded by Sheikha Al-Mayassa bint Hamad bin Khalifa Al-Thani which implements, consolidates and oversees film initiatives in Qatar. The Festival was launched in 2009 through a cultural partnership between DFI and Tribeca Enterprises. The Festival was led by Abdulaziz bin Khalid Al-Khater, Executive Director of DFI.
Lent term
Lent term, named for Lent, the six-week fasting period before Easter, is the name of the winter academic term at the following British universities:

University of Cambridge

Canterbury Christ Church University

University of Lancaster

University of Liverpool

London School of Economics and Political Science

Swansea University

and was the name of the autumn term at the University of Sydney before it swapped over to the two semester system in 1989. It was also formerly used at King's College London, University of Kent, Exeter University, University of Wales, Lampeter, University of Wales, Aberystwyth and Heythrop College, University of London.

The term runs from January to March and thus corresponds to Hilary term at Oxford and Trinity College Dublin, and Epiphany term at Durham. At Sydney, it ran from March to May (10th to 22nd Mondays of the year).

University of Wales, Lampeter
University of Wales, Lampeter (Welsh: Prifysgol Cymru, Llanbedr Pont Steffan) was a university in Lampeter, Wales. Founded in 1822, and incorporated by royal charter in 1828, it was the oldest degree awarding institution in Wales, with limited degree awarding powers since 1852. It was a self-governing college of the University of Wales from 1972 until its merger  (under its 1828 charter) with Trinity University College in 2010 to form the University of Wales Trinity Saint David.

The university was founded as St David's College (Coleg Dewi Sant), becoming St David's University College (Coleg Prifysgol Dewi Sant) in 1971, when it became part of the federal University of Wales. With fewer than 2,000 students on campus, it was often claimed to be one of the smallest public universities in Europe.
Josh Cohen (psychoanalyst)
Josh Cohen (born 1970) is a British psychoanalyst, academic and author. Between 1996 and 2024, he taught in the English department at Goldsmiths, University of London, where he was appointed Professor of Modern Literary Theory in 2010. He was elected to Membership of the British Psychoanalytical Society in 2009, and to Fellowship in 2014.

His essays have appeared in Granta, Aeon (magazine), The Yale Review and 1843 (magazine). He has written articles and reviews for The Guardian, The Times Literary Supplement, New Statesman and Prospect (magazine). He has published eight books and is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature.

Literary theory
Literary theory is the systematic study of the nature of literature and of the methods for literary analysis. Since the 19th century, literary scholarship includes literary theory and considerations of intellectual history, moral philosophy, social philosophy, and interdisciplinary themes relevant to how people interpret meaning. In the humanities in modern academia, the latter style of literary scholarship is an offshoot of post-structuralism. Consequently, the word theory became an umbrella term for scholarly approaches to reading texts, some of which are informed by strands of semiotics, cultural studies, philosophy of language, and continental philosophy, often witnessed within Western canon along with some postmodernist theory.
Horace Garner
Horace T. Garner (July 17, 1923 – July 6, 1995) was an American baseball outfielder. He played for the Indianapolis Clowns of the Negro American League in 1949 and played in minor league baseball for ten seasons, from 1951 to 1959 and in 1961.

In the minor leagues, Garner played in the Boston Braves (later the Milwaukee Braves) farm system. In 1953, the Braves sent Garner, along with fellow black teammates Hank Aaron and Félix Mantilla, to the Jacksonville Braves in the South Atlantic League. The team thus became one of the first two racially integrated teams in the South Atlantic League, and one of the first ever in Florida.

Garner spent ten seasons in the minor leagues, from 1951 to 1959 and in 1961. He hit .321 with 1,115 hits, 190 doubles, 37 triples and 157 home runs in 997 games.

South Atlantic League (1904–1963)
The South Atlantic League, nicknamed the SALLY League, was a Minor League Baseball league that operated in the Southern United States intermittently from 1904 to 1963. Initially Class C league, it was elevated to Class B in 1921, Class A in 1946, and Double-A in 1963. The circuit dissolved after the 1963 season and was refounded as the Southern League.
Paulus Hungarus
Paulus Hungarus (Paul the Hungarian; ca. 1180 - 10 February 1241) was a Hungarian friar of the Dominican Order who lived during the thirteenth century, and is author of the Summa poenitentiae, Hungarus also annotated Compilatio I-III, a collection of Canon law. Hungarus planned a network of monasteries throughout the Kingdom of Hungary to act as a bulwark against heresy, one of which is the Church of the Dominican Monastery in Segesvár (now Sighișoara, Romania).

Sighișoara
Sighișoara (Romanian pronunciation: [siɡiˈʃo̯ara] ⓘ; Hungarian: Segesvár [ˈʃɛɡɛʃvaːr] ⓘ; German: Schäßburg [ˈʃɛsbʊʁk]; Transylvanian Saxon: Schäsbrich, Šesburχ, or Scheeßprich; Yiddish: שעסבורג, romanized: Shesburg; Latin: Castrum Sex or Saxoburgum) is a city on the Târnava Mare River in Mureș County, central Romania. Located in the historic region of Transylvania, Sighișoara had a population of 23,927 according to the 2021 census. It is a popular tourist destination for its well-preserved old town, which is listed by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site since 1999. The town administers seven villages: Angofa, Aurel Vlaicu, Hetiur, Rora, Șoromiclea, Venchi, and Viilor.
Dru Down
Danyel Robinson (born September 14, 1971), better known by his stage name Dru Down, is an American rapper and actor from Oakland, California. He is currently a member of The Regime, a collective of rappers that includes Yukmouth, Tech N9ne, Messy Marv, BG Bulletwound, Dorasel, Grant Rice, and Tha Realest.

Bootsy Collins
William Earl "Bootsy" Collins (born October 26, 1951) is an American bass guitarist, singer, and songwriter. Rising to prominence with James Brown in the early 1970s before joining the Parliament-Funkadelic collective, Collins established himself as one of the leading names and innovators in funk with his driving basslines and humorous vocals.  He later formed his own P-Funk side project known as 'Bootsy's Rubber Band'.   He was a frequent collaborator with other musicians from a variety of genres, including dance music (Deee-Lite's "Groove Is in the Heart"), electronic big beat (Fatboy Slim's "Weapon of Choice" and "The Joker"), and alternative metal (Praxis), among others. He is a member of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, inducted in 1997 with 15 other members of Parliament-Funkadelic. In 2020, Rolling Stone magazine ranked Collins number 4 in its list of the 50 greatest bassists of all time.
Antiestrogen withdrawal response
The antiestrogen withdrawal response is a paradoxical improvement in breast cancer caused by discontinuation of antiestrogen therapy for breast cancer. It has been documented rarely with the selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) tamoxifen and raloxifene. The phenomenon indicates that these agents can somehow result in stimulation of breast cancer tumor progression under certain circumstances. One proposed theory for the mechanism is that the sensitivity of breast cells to estrogens shifts with estrogen deprivation, and upon antiestrogen withdrawal, endogenous estrogen acts in the manner of high-dose estrogen therapy in the breast to inhibit breast cancer growth and induce breast cancer cell death. The antiestrogen withdrawal syndrome is analogous to but less common and well-known than the antiandrogen withdrawal syndrome, a phenomenon in which paradoxical improvement in prostate cancer occurs upon discontinuation of antiandrogen therapy.

Endogeny (biology)
Endogeny, in biology, refers to the property of originating or developing from within an organism, tissue, or cell.

For example, endogenous substances, and endogenous processes are those that originate within a living system (e.g. an organism or a cell). For instance, estradiol is an endogenous estrogen hormone produced within the body, whereas ethinylestradiol is an exogenous synthetic estrogen, commonly used in birth control pills.

In contrast, exogenous substances and exogenous processes are those that originate from outside of an organism.
Spanish Peaks Airfield
Spanish Peaks Airfield (FAA LID: 4V1) is 5 miles north of Walsenburg in Huerfano County, Colorado, United States. It is owned by Huerfano County, and is named for the Spanish Peaks.

The airport is 2 miles (3 km) east of Interstate 25 via a gravel road, but taxiways are paved. The airport is near the junction of Interstate 25 (concurrent with U.S. Highway 85 and U.S. Highway 87), Highway 10, Highway 69, and U.S. Highway 160.

Huerfano County, Colorado
Huerfano County (/ˈwɛərfənoʊ/ WAIR-fə-noh;  Spanish pronunciation: [ˈweɾfano]) is a county located in the U.S. state of Colorado. As of the 2020 census, the population was 6,820. The county seat is Walsenburg.  The county, whose name comes from the Spanish huérfano meaning "orphan", was named for the Huerfano Butte, a local landmark. The area of Huerfano County boomed early in the 1900s with the discovery of large coal deposits. After large scale World War II coal demand ended in the 1940s Walsenburg and Huerfano saw a steady economic decline through 2015.
Akrafena
An afena (Twi to mean sword) is an Akan sword, originally meant for warfare but also forming part of Akan heraldry. The foremost example of an afena is the Mponponsuo (meaning "responsibility"), which belonged to Opoku Ware II. It has survived to the present day because it is still occasionally used in ceremonies, such as the Akwasidae Festival.

The expert use of afena is also a martial art, utilising the blade in conjunction with knives, improvised weapons, street-fighting, hand-to-hand combat, joint locks, grappling and weapon disarming techniques, as well as using the martial art of afena unarmed. The afena martial art is the national sport of the Ashanti Region.

Grappling
Grappling is a fighting technique based on throws, trips, sweeps, clinch fighting, ground fighting and submission holds.

Grappling contests often involve takedowns and ground control, and may end when a contestant concedes defeat. Should there be no winner after the match time-limit has lapsed, competition judges will determine the winner based on who exerted more control.

Grappling most commonly does not include striking or the use of weapons. However, some fighting styles or martial arts known especially for their grappling techniques teach tactics that include strikes and weapons either alongside grappling or combined with it.
Schanke
Schanke is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Guri Schanke (born 1961), Norwegian actress and singer

Einar Schanke (1927–1990), Norwegian composer

Kari Schanke (1922–2006), Norwegian politician

Kari Schanke
Kari Schanke (August 29, 1922 – July 5, 2006) was a Norwegian politician for the Liberal Party of Norway.

She served as a deputy representative to the Norwegian Parliament from Telemark during the term 1965–1969.
Bothale Ihalagama
Bothale Ihalagama is a village in Gampaha District, Western Province, Sri Lanka. It is 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) from Mirigama. Bothale Ihalagama is the home of Sri Lanka's first Prime Minister D.S. Senanayake.

Mirigama
Mirigama (also spelled Meerigama) (Sinhala: මීරිගම; Tamil: மீரிகம) is a suburb in Gampaha District, Sri Lanka. It is located 57 km (35 mi) from Colombo, 46 km (29 mi) from Kurunegala and 34 km (21 mi) from Negombo.

Mirigama is the hometown of Sri Lanka's first Prime Minister, D. S. Senanayake and former speaker of the Parliament of Sri Lanka Karu Jayasuriya.

The Central Expressway (under construction as of June 2018) includes two interchanges serving Mirigama: Mirigama North and Mirigama South.
Jack Pelter
Jack Anthony Pelter (born 30 July 1987) is a footballer who plays as centre-back for Metro F.C. in the Lotto Sport Italia NRFL Premier. He previously played for Canterbury United, Sunderland, Western Suburbs FC, Vålerenga and Waitakere United.

Waitakere United
Waitakere United was a football club based in Waitakere City, New Zealand. They were one of the franchises in the ISPS Handa Premiership. They played their home games at Fred Taylor Park in Kumeū and The Trusts Arena.
Jayant Meghani
Jayant Jhaverchand Meghani (10 August 1938 – 4 December 2020) was an Indian editor, translator and bookman from Gujarat, India. He was the fifth son of Gujarati writer Jhaverchand Meghani whose several works he edited.

Bookselling
Bookselling is the commercial trading of books, which is the retail and distribution end of the publishing process.

People who engage in bookselling are called booksellers, bookdealers, book people, bookmen, or bookwomen.
Kim Schoen
Kim Schoen is a photographer and artist from Los Angeles. She received her Master's in Philosophy in Photography at the Royal College of Art, London (2006–2007) and an MFA in Photography from the California Institute of the Arts in Valencia, California. She is the co-founder and editor of MATERIAL Press. Her work has been displayed at Kunstverein Springhornhof in Neuenkirchen, Germany; Madison Museum of Contemporary Art in Wisconsin; Focal Point Gallery UK; Maraya Art Centre in Sharjah UAE; LAXART in Los Angeles; the MOT International Projects in London and more.

Schoen has lectured about photography and visual interpretation at Otis College of Art & Design, Goldsmiths, CCA, The Royal College of Art and The School of Visual Arts.

Shoen lives and works in Los Angeles, California and Berlin, Germany.

Otis College of Art and Design
Otis College of Art and Design is a private art and design school in Los Angeles, California, United States. Established in 1918, it was the city's first independent professional school of art. The main campus is located in the former IBM Aerospace headquarters at 9045 Lincoln Boulevard in Westchester, Los Angeles. The school's programs, accredited by the WSCUC and National Association of Schools of Art and Design, include BFA and MFA degrees.