hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dinema platysomum
The flagellated alga Dinema platysomum, synonym Anisonema platysomum, is the first eukaryote in which magnetotactic structures have been discovered. Monje & Baran (2004) describe how this euglenoid alga stores magnetite in a similar way that already discovered magnetotactic bacteria do. It has been shown that the cells contain magnetite particles aligned with the longitudinal axis of the alga, and each magnetite chain is a permanent dipole. The observed magnetic momentum of the cell has been estimated to be 1000 times stronger than those of typical magnetotactic bacteria.

The species was first described in 1939 as Anisonema platysomum, and transferred to the genus Dinema in 2000.

Magnetite
Magnetite is a mineral and one of the main iron ores, with the chemical formula Fe2+Fe3+2O4. It is one of the oxides of iron, and is ferrimagnetic; it is attracted to a magnet and can be magnetized to become a permanent magnet itself. With the exception of extremely rare native iron deposits, it is the most magnetic of all the naturally occurring minerals on Earth.  Naturally magnetized pieces of magnetite, called lodestone, will attract small pieces of iron, which is how ancient peoples first discovered the property of magnetism.

Magnetite is black or brownish-black with a metallic luster, has a Mohs hardness of 5–6 and leaves a black streak. Small grains of magnetite are very common in igneous and metamorphic rocks.

The chemical IUPAC name is iron(II,III) oxide and the common chemical name is ferrous-ferric oxide.
M. Jean McLane
M. Jean McLane (also known as Jean Johansen) (September 14, 1878 – January 23, 1964), was an American portraitist. Her works were exhibited and won awards in the United States and in Europe. She made portrait paintings of women and children. McLane also made portrait paintings of a Greek and Australian Premiers and Elisabeth, Queen of the Belgians.

Art competitions at the 1932 Summer Olympics
Art competitions were held as part of the 1932 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States.  Medals were awarded in five categories (architecture, literature, music, painting, and sculpture), for works inspired by sport-related themes.

Art competitions were part of the Olympic program from 1912 to 1948, but were discontinued due to concerns about amateurism and professionalism.  Since 1952, a non-competitive art and cultural festival has been associated with each game.
Siege of Novo Brdo (1440–1441)
The siege of Novo Brdo was a military blockade of Novo Brdo, an important fortified mining town in the Serbian Despotate, by the forces of the Ottoman Empire. The siege began in 1440 and lasted until the capture of the fortress on 27 June 1441. During the siege, the Serbian garrison was supported by the local community of citizens of the Republic of Ragusa.

Hadım Şehabeddin
Hadım Şehabeddin Pasha (Old Turkish: Şihābüddīn; fl. 1436–53), also called Kula Şahin Pasha, was an Ottoman general and governor that served Sultan Mehmed II (r. 1444–46; 1451–81). Brought to the Ottoman court at a young age, Şehabeddin started as a court eunuch (hadım), then advanced to become Kapi Agha, a close advisor to the Sultan, before being appointed governor (sanjakbey) in Albania, and then at the height of his career, provincial governor (beylerbey) of Rumelia (1439–42). Şehabeddin was known as ardent supporter of the expansionist policy of Ottoman Empire. He commanded the Ottoman forces that captured Novo Brdo in 1441. After his forces were heavily defeated in a battle with forces of Janos Hunyadi in September 1442, he was dismissed from the position of beylerbey. After 1444 he was again briefly appointed to the position of beylerbey of Rumelia. Şehabeddin died in 1453 in Bursa.
Drive: The Surprising Truth About What Motivates Us
Drive: The Surprising Truth About What Motivates Us is a non-fiction book written by Daniel Pink. The book was published in 2009 by Riverhead Hardcover. It argues that human motivation is largely intrinsic and that the aspects of this motivation can be divided into autonomy, mastery, and purpose, while old models of motivation driven by rewards and fear of punishment, dominated by extrinsic factors such as money.

Intrinsic and extrinsic properties
In science and engineering, an intrinsic property is a property of a specified subject that exists itself or within the subject. An extrinsic property is not essential or inherent to the subject that is being characterized. For example, mass is an intrinsic property of any physical object, whereas weight is an extrinsic property that depends on the strength of the gravitational field in which the object is placed.
1989–90 Xavier Musketeers men's basketball team
The 1989–90 Xavier Musketeers men's basketball team represented Xavier University from Cincinnati, Ohio in the 1989–90 season. Led by head coach Pete Gillen, the Musketeers finished with a 28–5 record (12–2 MCC), won the MCC regular season title, and received an at-large bid to the NCAA tournament as the #6 seed in the Midwest region. In the NCAA tournament, the Musketeers defeated Kansas State and Georgetown to reach the Sweet Sixteen. Xavier lost to Texas in the Midwest regional semifinals – a game that was played in Dallas, Texas.

1989–90 Georgetown Hoyas men's basketball team
The 1989–90 Georgetown Hoyas men's basketball team represented Georgetown University in the 1989–90 NCAA Division I college basketball season. John Thompson, coached them in his 18th season as head coach. They played their home games at the Capital Centre in Landover, Maryland. They were members of the Big East Conference and finished the season with a record of 24–7, 11–5 in Big East play. Their record earned them a bye in the first round of the 1990 Big East men's basketball tournament, and they advanced to the semifinals before losing to Connecticut. They were the No. 3 seed in the Midwest Region of the 1990 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament – the 12th of 14 consecutive Georgetown NCAA tournament appearances – and advanced to the second round before losing to Midwest Region No. 6 seed Xavier. They were ranked No. 8 in the season's final Associated Press Poll and No. 6 in the final Coaches' Poll.
Sandhya Mendonca
Sandhya Mendonca is an Indian writer, author, biographer, editor and publisher. Born in Bengaluru (Bangalore) in the state of Karnataka, India, she gained a BA in Economics, Political Science & Sociology from St. Joseph's College of Arts & Science and an MA in Political Science specialising in International Relations from Bangalore University. She has a Diploma in Public Relations from the Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan. She lives in Bengaluru.

Bangalore University
Bangalore University (BU) is a public state university in Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. The university is a part of the Association of Indian Universities (AIU), Association of Commonwealth Universities (ACU) and affiliated by University Grants Commission (UGC). Bangalore University is accredited by the NAAC with grade A++ in 2023. Bangalore University was trifurcated into Bengaluru City University and Bengaluru North University.
What's the Matter with Kansas? (editorial)
"What's the Matter with Kansas?" was an 1896 newspaper editorial authored by William Allen White and widely republished across the United States. The editorial criticized presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan, whose populist platform advocated for the free silver standard. The editorial was leveraged by the William McKinley campaign, and has been credited with leading to McKinley's victory in the presidential election. It was also the piece that made White, then 29 years old, internationally famous.

White later stated that he wrote the editorial in haste, referring to it as "pure vitriol" inspired by a confrontation on the street as he was walking to work. He later disavowed the editorial, and advocated for progressive reforms in regular columns in McClure's Magazine.

The editorial and its themes have been invoked numerous times since its initial publication.

William Allen White
William Allen White (February 10, 1868 – January 29, 1944) was an American newspaper editor, politician, author, and leader of the Progressive movement. Between 1896 and his death, White became a spokesman for middle America.

At a 1937 banquet held in his honor by the Kansas Editorial Association, he was called "the most loved and most distinguished member" of the Kansas press.: 39
Intellectual Asset Management
Intellectual Asset Management (IAM) is a bimonthly magazine published in English and focused on "intellectual property from a business point of view". Its publisher is Globe White Page Ltd, and, as of 2010, its editorial board included former Corporate VP for IP at Microsoft, Marshall Phelps. Its tagline is "Maximising IP value for business". Its first issue was published in 2003 (July/August 2003 issue).

IAM is one of the publications produced by The IP Media Group, which was formed in 2008. The group also publishes World Trademark Review, a magazine for trademark specialists, organizes the IP Business Congress and runs the IP Hall of Fame.

Tagline
In entertainment, a tagline (alternatively spelled tag line) is a short text which serves to clarify a thought for, or is designed with a form of, dramatic effect. Many tagline slogans are reiterated phrases associated with an individual, social group, or product. As a variant of a branding slogan, taglines can be used in marketing materials and advertising.

The idea behind the concept is to create a memorable dramatic phrase that will sum up the tone and premise of an audio/visual product, or to reinforce and strengthen the audience's memory of a literary product. Some taglines are successful enough to warrant inclusion in popular culture.
Song Shi (skier)
Song Shi (Chinese: 宋石; pinyin: Sòng Shí, born 30 November 1958) is a former Chinese cross-country skier who competed in cross-country skiing at the 1984 Winter Olympics. He finished 66th in the 15 km race, 62nd in the 30 km race, and 15th in the 4 x 10 km relay.

Cross-country skiing at the 1984 Winter Olympics – Men's 15 kilometre
The 15 kilometre cross-country skiing event was part of the cross-country skiing programme at the 1984 Winter Olympics, in Sarajevo, Yugoslavia. It was the eighth appearance of the event at its length of 15 km. The competition was held on Monday, 13 February 1984 at Veliko Polje, Igman. Of the 91 athletes who started the race, 8 did not finish or were disqualified.

Gunde Svan of Sweden won gold, his first Olympic gold medal, being the youngest ever Olympic cross-country gold medallist. Defending Olympic champion and fellow Swede, Thomas Wassberg did not defend his title preferring to concentrate on other events. Ove Aunli of Norway was disqualified after finishing fifth for using illegal skate strokes at the climax of the race.
Slagelse Stadium
Slagelse Stadium (Danish: Slagelse Stadion; currently known as Harboe Arena Slagelse for sponsorship reasons) is a sports center located in Slagelse, Denmark, which, among other things, is used for athletics and the running of football matches on the associated stadium, including home games for Slagelse B&I. Formerly, its elite project FC Vestsjælland also used the stadium as its home ground.

The sports complex was built in 1927 by Slagelse Municipality, among others, as a result of the complete merging of Slagelse Boldklub and Slagelse Idræts-Forening to Slagelse B&I i 1919. The stadium has a capacity of 10,000, of which 3,300 are seating. The stadium record of 9,023 spectators dates back to the early 1970s, when it hosted with a division match in Danish top tier between Slagelse B&I and Holbæk B&I.

Danish Superliga
The Danish Superliga (Danish: Superligaen, pronounced [ˈsuˀpɐliːˌkɛˀn̩]) is a professional association football league in Denmark and the highest level of the Danish football league system. The league is currently contested by 12 teams each year, with 2 teams relegated. It is the current Danish football championship tournament, and administered by the Divisionsforeningen.
Shelpek
Shelpek, chalpak or chalpyak (Turkmen: çelpek; Kazakh: шелпек, romanized: shelpek; Kyrgyz: май токоч, челпек; Uzbek: chalpak; Uyghur: чалпак, romanized: chalpyak) is a traditional Central Asian flatbread commonly consumed all over the region. The main ingredients of shelpek are flour, milk, sugar, butter, sour cream such as kaymak, baking soda, salt and vegetable oil.

The dough is shaped into flat disks and fried in hot vegetable oil until it becomes a golden color. Shelpek can also be prepared with yeast, thus the dough stays soft for a longer period of time. The recipe to prepare the dough in the given case is similar to the one used for baursak.

Kazakh alphabets
The Kazakh language was written mainly in four scripts at various points of time – Old Turkic, Cyrillic, Latin, and Arabic – each having a distinct alphabet. The Arabic script is used in Iran, Afghanistan, and China, while the Cyrillic script is used in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Mongolia. In October 2017, a presidential decree in Kazakhstan ordered a transition from the Cyrillic to Latin script to be implemented by 2025. In January 2021, the target year for finishing the transition was pushed back to 2031.
Nadezhda Teffi
Nadezhda Alexandrovna Teffi (Russian: Наде́жда Алекса́ндровна Тэ́ффи; 21 May [O.S. 9 May] 1872 – 6 October 1952) was a Russian humorist writer. Together with Arkady Averchenko, she was one of the prominent authors of the magazine Novyi Satirikon. Her style is distinguished by two 'faces' of writing- the serious and the satirical, which she alternated between and often fused together to create a unique output of personal and political commentaries. Teffi's gift for humour was considered anomalous for a woman of her time, particularly due to well-known thinkers such as Henri Bergson and Arthur Schopenhauer who had declared that women were not capable of a sense of humour. Teffi would prove such thinkers wrong by skyrocketing to fame throughout Russia with her satirical writings, so much so that she had candies and perfume named after her.

Henri Bergson
Henri-Louis Bergson (/ˈbɜːrɡsən, ˈbɛərɡ-/; French: [bɛʁksɔn]; 18 October 1859 – 4 January 1941) was a French philosopher who was influential in the traditions of analytic philosophy and continental philosophy, especially during the first half of the 20th century until the Second World War, but also after 1966 when Gilles Deleuze published Le Bergsonisme.

Bergson is known for his arguments that processes of immediate experience and intuition are more significant than abstract rationalism and science for understanding reality. Bergson was awarded the 1927 Nobel Prize in Literature "in recognition of his rich and vitalizing ideas and the brilliant skill with which they have been presented". In 1930, France awarded him its highest honour, the Grand-Croix de la Legion d'honneur. Bergson's great popularity created a controversy in France, where his views were seen as opposing the "secular and scientific" attitude adopted by the Republic's officials.
The Double Life of Mr. Alfred Burton (film)
The Double Life of Mr. Alfred Burton is a 1919 British silent comedy film directed by Arthur Rooke and starring Kenelm Foss, Ivy Duke and James Lindsay. It was based on the 1913 novel The Double Life of Mr. Alfred Burton by Edward Phillips Oppenheim.

Arthur Rooke
Arthur Henry Rooke (18 May 1878 – 1947) was a British actor and film director of the silent era. Rooke had worked in the theatre for many years before he went into films. He initially co-directed several films with A.E. Coleby, but later began directing films by himself. By the early 1920s, he was one of the more successful British film directors.
GEA Refrigeration Technologies
GEA Refrigeration Technologies Is German developer, manufacturer and supplier of industrial heating & refrigeration technology and heat pumps headquartered in Berlin. The company has been a subsidiary of the GEA Group since 1991.

GEA Group is divided into five divisions. The GEA Heating & Refrigeration Technologies division manufactures products including reciprocating compressors, screw compressors, chillers, heat pumps, valves and dryers.

GEA Group
GEA Group AG (German: Gesellschaft für Entstaubungsanlagen; literally "company for dedusting systems") is a German corporation, mostly active in the food and beverages sector, headquartered in Düsseldorf, Germany. As of 2019, it was one of the world's largest suppliers of process technology and components in the food and beverages industry (around 70% of its business) and several other industries, employing almost 18,000 people globally as of 2017. The company is listed on the DAX.
West Rand District Municipality
The West Rand District Municipality (Tswana: Mmasepala wa Sedika wa West Rand; Afrikaans: Wesrand-distriksmunisipaliteit; Xhosa: uMasipala weSithili sase West Rand; Sotho: Masepala wa Setereke wa West Rand) is one of the districts of the Gauteng province of South Africa, that covers the West Rand area, with the exception of Roodepoort. The seat of the district municipality is Randfontein. As of 2011, the most spoken language among its population of 820,995 is Tswana. The district code is CBDC8.

Districts of South Africa
The nine provinces of South Africa are divided into 52 districts (sing. district, Zulu: isifunda; Xhosa: isithili; Afrikaans: distrikte; Northern Sotho: selete; Tswana: kgaolo; Sotho: setereke; Tsonga: xifundza; Swazi: sigodzi; Venda: tshiṱiriki; Southern Ndebele: isiyingi), which are either metropolitan or district municipalities. They are the second level of administrative division, below the provinces and (in the case of district municipalities) above the local municipalities.

As a consequence of the 12th amendment of the Constitution in December 2005, which altered provincial boundaries, the number of districts was reduced from 53. Another effect of the amendment is that each district is now completely contained within a single province, thus eliminating cross-border districts. The districts also cover the entire area of the continental republic.
Chlorobi-RRM RNA motif
The Chlorobi-RRM RNA motif is a conserved RNA structure identified by bioinformatics. It is found within bacteria in the phylum Chlorobiota (formerly Chlorobi), and is exclusively detected in the presumed 5' untranslated regions (5' UTRs) of genes that encode putative RNA-binding proteins. Since many RNA-binding proteins regulate their own expression in a feedback mechanism by binding or acting up their 5' UTR, it was proposed that the Chlorobi-RRM is a component in an analogous feedback mechanism.
Structurally, the motif consists of two stem-loops, the second of which might function as a rho-independent transcription terminator.

Green sulfur bacteria
The green sulfur bacteria are a phylum, Chlorobiota, of obligately anaerobic photoautotrophic bacteria that metabolize sulfur.

Green sulfur bacteria are nonmotile (except Chloroherpeton thalassium, which may glide) and capable of anoxygenic photosynthesis. They live in anaerobic aquatic environments. In contrast to plants, green sulfur bacteria mainly use sulfide ions as electron donors. They are autotrophs that utilize the reverse tricarboxylic acid cycle to perform carbon fixation.  They are also mixotrophs and reduce nitrogen.
John Keister (footballer, born 1988)
John Keister (born 1 January 1988 in Freetown, Sierra Leone) Is a Sierra Leonean footballer. He is an offensive midfielder and plays for PK-37 in the Finnish third tier of football, Kakkonen.

Keister was a member of Sierra Leone U-17 squad at the 2003 FIFA U-17 World Championship in Finland.

Pallo-Kerho 37
Pallo-Kerho 37, also known as PK-37, is a Finnish football club from the city of Iisalmi. The club was founded on 10 October 1937 as a bandy and football club, but later on it also became known for its pesäpallo and ice hockey sections. Nowadays PK-37 concentrates only on football.

The club's men's team play at the third highest level of Finnish football, in the Kakkonen.  The Club chairman is Mikko Aminoff and the team is managed by Marko 'Pessi' Pesonen.  The previous coach was Atik Ismail who has now moved to Jämsänkosken Ilves.
Yukiko Takahata
Yukiko Takahata (高畑 祐紀子, Takahata Yukiko; born 18 March 1998) is a Japanese badminton player from the Yonex team. In 2017, she became the women's doubles runner-up at the Osaka International tournament partnered with Ayako Sakuramoto. She won her first senior international title at the Spanish International tournament with Sakuramoto.

Takahata started to represent the national team in the 2015 World Junior Championships held in Lima, Peru, and helped the team reach the semifinals. At the BWF Grand Prix events, her best result was a runner-up at the 2017 New Zealand Open.

Teamed-up with Sakuramoto, Takahata won seven of eight finals of the 2018 BWF World Tour, with a title of Super 500 tournament from Singapore Open, three titles of Super 300 tournament from Swiss, New Zealand, and Australia Open; and three titles of Super 100 tournament. She participated at the 2019 Asia Mixed Team Championships, and won the silver medal after the team lost to the Chinese in the final.

2018 New Zealand Open (badminton)
The 2018 New Zealand Open (officially known as the Barfoot & Thompson New Zealand Open 2018 for sponsorship reasons) was a badminton tournament which took place at North Shore Events Centre in Auckland, New Zealand, from 1 to 6 May 2018 and had a total purse of $150,000.
1912 South Dakota gubernatorial election
The 1912 South Dakota gubernatorial election was held on November 5, 1912. Incumbent Republican Governor Robert S. Vessey declined to run for re-election to a third term. Lieutenant Governor Frank M. Byrne won the Republican primary to succeed Vessey, and then faced State Senator Edwin S. Johnson, the Democratic nominee, in the general election. Byrne only narrowly defeated Johnson, winning just 49% of the vote to Johnson's 46%, the closest gubernatorial election since 1898.

South Dakota Senate
The South Dakota Senate is the upper house of the South Dakota Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of South Dakota. The lower house is the South Dakota House of Representatives. It consists of 35 members, one representing each legislative district, who can serve up to four consecutive two-year terms. It meets at the South Dakota State Capitol in Pierre.
Mount Treatt
Mount Treatt (68°0′S 56°48′E﻿ / ﻿68.000°S 56.800°E﻿ / -68.000; 56.800) is the easternmost of three peaks rising sharply from the ice plateau about 9 nautical miles (17 km) southeast of Mount Cook of the Leckie Range. Plotted from ANARE (Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions) air photos. Named for G. Treatt, helicopter pilot with the 1965 ANARE (Nella Dan), led by Phillip Law.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Mount Treatt". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Phillip Law
Phillip Garth Law, AC, CBE, FAA, FTSE (21 April 1912 – 28 February 2010) was an Australian scientist and explorer who served as director of Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions (ANARE) from 1949 to 1966.
Raghavan (actor)
Raghavan  (born 12 December 1941) is an Indian actor who has acted in predominately Malayalam films. From early 2000s he is more active in television serials.

He made his Direction debut in Kilippaattu (1987) which was selected for Indian Panorama and also he is the recipient of 	Kerala State Television Awards and Asianet Television Awards.

Kerala State Television Award for Best Actor
The Kerala State Television Award for Best Actor is an honour presented annually at the Kerala State Television Awards of India to an actor for the best performance in a leading role in a Malayalam telefilm or serial. Until 1997, the awards were managed directly by the Department of Cultural Affairs, Government of Kerala. Since 1998, the Kerala State Chalachitra Academy, an autonomous non-profit organisation functioning under the Department of Cultural Affairs, has been exercising control over the awards.