hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Geocarpon glabrum
Geocarpon glabrum, commonly called Appalachian stichwort, is a species of flowering plant in the carnation family (Caryophyllaceae). It is native to the eastern United States, where it has a scattered distribution.

Its natural habitat is areas of siliceous rock outcrops, which include granite, sandstone, gneiss, and schist. In the Cumberland Mountains, this species is a major component of sandstone glade communities. Due to its narrow habitat requirements, this species is uncommon throughout its range.

Geocarpon glabrum is a small, delicate annual. It produces white flowers in late spring and early summer. It is similar to Geocarpon groenlandicum, which it was historically considered a variety of. It can be distinguished from G. groenlandicum by its taller stature, annual habit, upright and not mat-forming growth, smaller petals, and flowers in greater number per cyme. In addition, G. glabrum is found in lower elevations than G. groenlandicum.

Gneiss
Gneiss (/naɪs/ NYSE) is a common and widely distributed type of metamorphic rock. It is formed by high-temperature and high-pressure metamorphic processes acting on formations composed of igneous or sedimentary rocks. This rock is formed under pressures ranging from 2 to 15 kbar, sometimes even more, and temperatures over 300 °C (572 °F). Gneiss nearly always shows a banded texture characterized by alternating darker and lighter colored bands and without a distinct cleavage.

Gneisses are common in the ancient crust of continental shields. Some of the oldest rocks on Earth are gneisses, such as the Acasta Gneiss.
Karl Madis
Karl Madis (born 23 November 1959 in Tallinn) is an Estonian singer.

In 1984 he graduated from Georg Ots Tallinn Music School in saxophone speciality.

He has been a singer for several bands, including Mahavok and Karavan.

Karavan
Karavan (Urdu: کاروان transl. Group of travelers) was a hard rock band hailing from Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan, formed in 1997.

The band was founded Asad Ahmed, former lead guitarist of Awaz, and bassist Sameer Ahmed. They were joined by drummer Allan Smith and vocalist Najam Sheraz. Karavan gained recognition for blending Eastern percussion and melodies with modern rock elements.
Advertising Standards Canada
Ad Standards (formerly Advertising Standards Canada) is the advertising industry's non-profit self-regulating body created in 1957 to ensure the integrity and viability of advertising in Canada. The organization's members include major advertisers, advertising agencies, media organizations, and suppliers to the advertising sector. Some of the activities that the organization engages in are:

Administering the Canadian Code of Advertising Standards, which sets the criteria for acceptable advertising and forms the basis for the review and adjudication of consumer and trade complaints.

Administering a consumer complaints process about advertisements currently running in Canadian media.

Providing pre-clearance for advertising in six categories: children's, food and non-alcoholic beverages, responsible advertising of food and beverages to children, alcoholic beverages, consumer drugs, and cosmetics.

Integrity
Integrity is the quality of being honest and having a consistent and uncompromising adherence to strong moral and ethical principles and values.
In ethics, integrity is regarded as the honesty and truthfulness or earnestness of one's actions. Integrity can stand in opposition to hypocrisy. It regards internal consistency as a virtue, and suggests that people who hold apparently conflicting values should account for the discrepancy or alter those values.

The word integrity evolved from the Latin adjective integer, meaning whole or complete. In this context, integrity is the inner sense of "wholeness" deriving from qualities such as honesty and consistency of character.
Houston Roller Derby
Houston Roller Derby (HRD) is a women's flat track roller derby league based in Houston, Texas. HRD was founded in early 2004, and is a founding member league of the Women's Flat Track Derby Association (WFTDA).

WFTDA Championships
The International Women's Flat Track Derby Association Championships ("WFTDA Championships" or "Champs" for short) are the leading competition for roller derby leagues.

The Championships are organized by the Women's Flat Track Derby Association (WFTDA).  They originated in 2007 as the Inaugural National WFTDA Championship "Texas Shootout" held in Austin, Texas.  Previously the "Dust Devil" tournament in 2006 featured teams from across the US, was held in front of several thousand fans in Tucson, Arizona.  This was the first multi-league flat track roller derby tournament.

In 2019, the Championships were hosted outside the United States for the first time, in Montreal, Canada. 2026 will mark the first Championships held outside of North America, taking place in Europe.
Gunderson Historic District
The Gunderson Historic District is a residential historic district in southern Oak Park, Illinois. The district encompasses 230 residential buildings built between 1906 and 1920, the vast majority of which are single-family homes. The development was the second of two built in Oak Park by S.T. Gunderson and Sons, a housing company which mainly worked in Oak Park and the West Side of Chicago. The firm commissioned architect Frank DeMoney to design their Oak Park houses; most of his designs used the American Foursquare style, a simple style which could be executed affordably. DeMoney differentiated the houses by applying elements of other contemporary architectural styles, such as Arts and Crafts, Colonial Revival, or Prairie School. The uniform design and layout of its homes made the district an early example of tract housing, which would become much more widespread later in the twentieth century.

The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 1, 2002.

Tract housing
Tract housing, sometimes informally known as cookie cutter housing, is a type of housing development in which multiple similar houses are built on a tract (area) of land that is subdivided into smaller lots. Tract housing developments are found in suburb developments that were modeled on the "Levittown" concept and sometimes encompass large areas of dozens of square miles.
Encyclopedia of Alabama
The Encyclopedia of Alabama is an online encyclopedia of the state of Alabama's history, culture, geography, and natural environment. It is a statewide collaboration that involves more than forty institutions from across Alabama that share their archives with the project. Auburn University hosts the encyclopedia's editorial offices and servers and the Alabama Humanities Foundation holds copyright to the encyclopedia's original content. Funding comes from a variety of sources including the Alabama Department of Education and the University of Alabama.

Historian Wayne Flynt served as the project's first editor-in-chief. Claire Wilson is the current editor-in-chief.

Geography of Alabama
The geography of Alabama describes a state in the Southeastern United States in North America. It extends from high mountains to low valleys and sandy beaches. 
Alabama is 30th in size and borders four U.S. states: Mississippi, Tennessee, Georgia, and Florida. It also borders the Gulf of Mexico.
Anuragakottaram
Anuragakottaram (transl. Romantic palace) is a 1998 Indian Malayalam-language romance comedy thriller film directed by Vinayan and written by A. K. Sajan and A. K. Santhosh. It stars Dileep, Jagathy Sreekumar, and Suvalakshmi, with Kalpana, Cochin Haneefa, and Maniyanpilla Raju in supporting roles. The film's music was composed by Ilaiyaraaja.

Vinayan
T. G. Vinayakumar, professionally credited as Vinayan, is an Indian film director, screenwriter, producer, and lyricist, who works predominantly in Malayalam cinema and occasionally in Tamil cinema. He has directed 40 Malayalam films and 4 Tamil films.
Amycolatopsis rifamycinica
Amycolatopsis rifamycinica is a species of Gram-positive bacteria in the genus Amycolatopsis. It produces the rifamycin antibiotics (e.g., rifamycin SV), which are used to treat mycobacterial diseases such as tuberculosis and leprosy. The type strain of Amycolatopsis rifamycinica (DSM 46095) has been reclassified several times. When it was first isolated from a French soil sample in 1957, it was identified as Streptomyces mediterranei. In 1969, the species was renamed Nocardia mediterranei because its cell wall was thought to resemble that of Nocardia species. The species was renamed Amycolatopsis mediterranei in 1986 after finding that it is not susceptible to Nocardia phage and has a cell wall that lacks mycolic acid. Finally, in 2004, it was determined that strain DSM 46095 represented a new species, independent of Amycolatopsis mediterranei, based on 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. The new species was named Amycolatopsis rifamycinica.

16S ribosomal RNA
16S ribosomal RNA (or 16S rRNA) is the RNA component of the 30S subunit of a prokaryotic ribosome (SSU rRNA). It binds to the Shine-Dalgarno sequence and provides most of the SSU structure.

The genes coding for it are referred to as 16S rRNA genes and are used in reconstructing phylogenies, due to the slow rates of evolution of this region of the gene. Carl Woese and George E. Fox were two of the people who pioneered the use of 16S rRNA in phylogenetics in 1977. Multiple sequences of the 16S rRNA gene can exist within a single bacterium.
Arthur Mattingley
Arthur Herbert Evelyn Mattingley (1870–1950), noted Australian bird photographer and ornithologist, was a founding member of the Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union (RAOU) in 1901. He worked for 40 years with the Commonwealth Customs Department in Melbourne. He also served as President of the RAOU 1913–1914 as well as organising ornithological expeditions to the Bass Strait islands and to central and northern Australia.

He made his greatest impact as a photographer and conservationist when he reported his two visits to the St Helena swamp in the Emu (October 1907)'

Australian Customs Service
The Australian Customs Service was an Australian Government agency responsible for Australian border protection, duties and taxes between 1985 and 2009. The Service was first under the portfolio of the Department of Industry, Technology and Commerce from 1985 to 1998 and then the Attorney-General's Department from 1998 to 2009.

In 1998, the collection of Excise duties was transferred to the Australian Taxation Office. The Service was dismantled in 2009 and replaced with the newly augmented, retasked and renamed Australian Customs and Border Protection Service which moved from AGD to the newly established Department of Immigration and Border Protection in September 2013.
Amer Saidin
Mohamad Amer bin Saidin (born 25 July 1992) is a Malaysian footballer who plays as a centre-back for Kuala Lumpur Rovers in the Malaysia A1 Semi-Pro League.

Amer's older brother, Mohd Syukur Saidin, is also a professional footballer.

Kuala Lumpur Rovers F.C.
Kuala Lumpur Rovers Football Club, simply known as KL Rovers, is a football club based in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. They last played in the third division of the Malaysian football league system, the Malaysia A2 Amateur League.
Antigonish Arena
Antigonish Arena is a 2,290-seat multi-purpose arena in Antigonish, Nova Scotia, Canada. It is home to the Junior B Antigonish Bulldogs hockey team. The arena was home to the St. Francis Xavier X-Men and X-Women hockey teams before they moved into a new on-campus arena.

Valley Wildcats
The Valley Wildcats are a Canadian junior ice hockey franchise from the Annapolis Valley region of Nova Scotia. The team is a member of the Maritime Junior Hockey League and plays in the EastLink Division. They play their home games in the Kings Mutual Century Centre in Berwick, Nova Scotia.
Morris Sommer House
The Morris Sommer House, at 548 W. 2nd St. in Weiser, Idaho, was built in 1899.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

It is an L-shaped house which was designed by architect of the John E. Tourtellotte in a version of Queen Anne style. Aspects of the design consistent with Queen Anne style are the irregularity of its massing and roofline, use of a wraparound porch, and decorative elements in its surfaces and moldings.  It is unusual for its "long flared roof flowing down".  The "unusually flowing roof", coming from a high truncated hipped roof down and out over a porch, appears in later examples of the John E. Tourtellotte & Company's works.  Other examples are the Wills House in Boise, and the Wyman House (1908) on Harrison Boulevard also in Boise.

Hummel Architects
Hummel Architects PLLC is an American architectural firm based in Boise, Idaho. Its history extends back to 1890, when architect and contractor John E. Tourtellotte (1869-1939), of Massachusetts established himself in Boise. The firm is best remembered for the work it completed from 1910 to 1942 under the partnership / firm  name of Tourtellotte & Hummel, joining with Charles Hummel, including the Idaho State Capitol in Boise, (designed 1904-1913, constructed 1905-1920). From 1922 until 2002 it was led by three successive generations of the Hummel family.
Aiden Moffat
Aiden Robert Moffat (born 28 September 1996) is a British racing driver currently competing in the British Touring Car Championship for LKQ Euro Car Parts Racing with WSR. He became the youngest driver ever to compete in the BTCC when he made his debut at the Knockhill round of the 2013 season.

British Touring Car Championship
The British Touring Car Championship (BTCC), officially known as the Kwik Fit British Touring Car Championship for sponsorship reasons, is a touring car racing series held each year in the United Kingdom, currently organised and administered by TOCA. It was established in 1958 as the British Saloon Car Championship and was renamed as the British Touring Car Championship for the 1987 season. It is one of the oldest, most popular and most prestigious touring car series in the world. The championship, currently running Next Generation Touring Car regulations, has been run to various national and international regulations over the years including FIA Group 2, FIA Group 5, FIA Group 1, FIA Group A, FIA Super Touring and FIA Super 2000. A lower-key Group N class for production cars ran from 2000 until 2003.
Charles Tremayne
Charles Tremayne is a television executive and producer known for creating a number of TV series in the UK and America. In the UK he was best known for editing World In Action on ITV and for his involvement in the case of the wrongly-convicted Birmingham Six.

In the US he either created or developed several series such as The First 48, American Pickers, Room Raiders, and Sinking Cities for PBS. He is also executive producer of several television movies and other scripted projects.

He first came to America to run the joint venture between The New York Times and ITV Granada, winning a News and Documentary Emmy for a program for NOVA about bioterrorism. He joined RDF to run its New York office in 2007, before joining Cineflix Productions in 2009, becoming President in 2013. He is a former Chair of BAFTA New York and is a Fellow of the Royal Television Society.

Royal Television Society
The Royal Television Society (RTS) is a British-based educational charity for the discussion, and analysis of television in all its forms, past, present, and future. It is the oldest television society in the world. It currently has fourteen regional and national centres in the UK, as well as a branch in the Republic of Ireland.
British Pacific Squadron
The Pacific Squadron was a squadron of the British Royal Navy. It was formed in 1813 during the War of 1812. It was subordinate to the South America Station until 1837, when the British naval presence was reorganised into the Pacific Station and the South East Coast of America Station.

South America Station
The South America Station was a formation of the Royal Navy which existed from 1808 to 1838 when it was split into the Pacific Station and the South East Coast of America Station.

Following the invasion of Portugal by Napoleon, the Portuguese court escaped to Brazil with an escort
of the Royal Navy under the command of Admiral Sidney Smith. Following the establishment of the Portuguese Court in Rio de Janeiro in early 1808, was shortly followed by the reinforcement of Smith's escort and the establishment of the Brazil or South America Station.

The commander-in-chief heading the formation played a diplomatic role in South America in the early nineteenth century as the British diplomatic service was limited to having a representative in Brazil.
K. Linggam
K. Linggam (born 2 January 1985 in Malacca) is a Malaysian footballer who is recently playing for Sime Darby FC in the Malaysia Super League. He appeared twice for Brunei-based professional football team DPMM FC in the 2007–08 Malaysia Super League.

Sime Darby F.C.
Sime Darby Football Club is a Malaysian football club which was backed by the Sime Darby Berhad, one of Malaysia's largest conglomerates. The team has won the Malaysia FAM Cup twice, most recently in 2017.
Schermerhorn Building
The Schermerhorn Building is a historic structure at 376–380 Lafayette Street, on the northwest corner with Great Jones Street, in the NoHo neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City. It was built in 1888–1889 by William C. Schermerhorn on the site of the Schermerhorn mansion, and rented by him to a boys' clothing manufacturer.  The Romanesque Revival loft building was designed by Henry Hardenbergh, architect of the Plaza Hotel and The Dakota. The building is constructed of brownstone, sandstone, terra-cotta and wood, and has dwarf columns made of marble.

The building has been a New York City Landmark since 1966, and was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 28, 1979.

Lists of New York City landmarks
These are lists of New York City landmarks designated by the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission:

List of New York City Designated Landmarks in Manhattan:
List of New York City Designated Landmarks in Manhattan below 14th Street
List of New York City Designated Landmarks in Manhattan from 14th to 59th Streets
List of New York City Designated Landmarks in Manhattan from 59th to 110th Streets
List of New York City Designated Landmarks in Manhattan above 110th Street
List of New York City Designated Landmarks in Manhattan on smaller islands

List of New York City Designated Landmarks in Brooklyn

List of New York City Designated Landmarks in Queens

List of New York City Designated Landmarks in the Bronx

List of New York City Designated Landmarks in Staten Island

New York City scenic landmarks, split across several boroughs
Sarbhaja
A Sarbhaja (Bengali: সরভাজা pronounced [Sɔrbʱaza]) is a milk based sweet originating from West Bengal, which is one of the famous Bengali sweets. The sweet's name comes from sar, the surface creamy layer of milk which is its main ingredient, and the word Bhaja refers to the frying of the sar. The Sarbhaja uses cow's milk and ghee is used for frying. It is fried until golden brown in color. This sweet made from milk is famous throughout Bengal.

Although the sweet gained popularity in the first decade of the 20th century, its earliest mention is in the 15th century Chaitanya Charitamrita. In 1902, Adharchandra Das opened a sweet shop in Krishnanagar, and the shop became famous for its Sarpuria and Sarbhaja. As per the Hindu custom, it is customary to take sweets for the members of the household on Vijaya or other festive occasions; the Krishnanagarik or Krishnanagarians have a tradition of taking Sarbhaja as a sweet.

Chaitanya Charitamrita
The Chaitanya Charitamrita (Sanskrit: चैतन्यचरितामृत, romanized: Caitanya-caritāmṛta; Bengali: চৈতন্যচরিতামৃত, romanized: Côitônyôcôritamṛtô), composed by Krishnadasa Kaviraja between c. 1582 and the early 17th-century, is one of the primary biographies detailing the life and teachings of Caitanya Mahāprabhu, the founder of Gaudiya Vaishnavism. It is written in Bengali with a great number of Sanskrit verses in its devotional, poetic construction, including Shikshashtakam. The stories of Chaitanya's life are mixed with philosophical conversations detailing the process of Bhakti yoga, with special attention given to congregational chanting of the names of Krishna.
Pavangad, Kozhikode
Pavangad is a suburb included in Kozhikode corporation in the Kozhikode district of Kerala, India. It is located about 6.5 km north of Calicut on the Calicut-Kannur National Highway 66 (India) and is bounded by the Arabian Sea at the west, Canoli Canal at east and Korapuzha River at the north. State Highway 54 (Kerala) starts from Pavangad and ends in Kalpetta. 
Late Mr. K. T. Muhammed was a resident in Pavangad, popularly known as KT, was a Malayalam playwright and screenwriter. He died on 25 March 2008 at his residence.
Pavangad is a fast-growing residential area towards the northern city limits of Kozhikode. Sneha Residence association is one of the major residential associations in this locality which consists of around 237 houses.

Kalpetta
Kalpetta is the Wayanad Grade 2 municipality in the Wayanad district of the Indian state of Kerala. Kalpetta is the headquarters of the Wayanad district, as well as the headquarters of Vythiri taluk. It is surrounded by dense coffee and tea plantations and mountains. It lies on the Kozhikode-Mysore National Highway NH 766 (formerly NH 212) at an altitude of about 780 m above sea level. Kalpetta is 72 km (45 mi) from Kozhikode and 140 km (87 mi) from Mysore. Kainatty is the administrative suburb of Kalpetta.
Human rights in Sri Lanka
Human rights in Sri Lanka provides for fundamental rights in the country. The Sri Lanka Constitution states that every person is entitled to freedom of thought, conscience and religion, including the freedom to have or to adopt a religion or belief of his choice. And, that every person is equal before the law.

Several human rights groups, including Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch, as well as the British government, the United States Department of State and the European Union, have expressed concern about the state of human rights in Sri Lanka. The government of Sri Lanka and the separatist Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) as well as various other paramilitaries and marxist Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna (JVP) rebels are accused of violating human rights. Although Sri Lanka has not officially practiced the death penalty since 1976, there are well-documented cases of state-sponsored 'disappearances' and murders.

Government of Sri Lanka
The Government of Sri Lanka (GoSL) (Sinhala: ශ්‍රී ලංකා රජය, romanised: Śrī Laṅkā Rajaya; Tamil: இலங்கை அரசாங்கம், romanised: Ilaṇkai Aracāṅkam) is a semi-presidential republic determined by the Sri Lankan Constitution. It administers the island from both its commercial capital of Colombo and the administrative capital of Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte.