hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Thingmen
The Thingmen (Old English: Þingalið) was a unit (or a body of men) in the service of the Kings of England during the period 1013–1051. The unit was financed by direct taxation which had its origins in the tribute known as Danegeld. It consisted mostly of men of Scandinavian descent and it had an initial strength of 3,000 housecarls and a fleet of 40 ships, which was subsequently reduced. The last remnant of a Thingmen was disbanded by Edward the Confessor in 1051.

In the 11th century, three courts outside Scandinavia were particularly prominent in recruiting Scandinavian troops: Novgorod-Kiev (Kievan Rus') c. 980–1060, Constantinople (the Varangian Guard) 988–1204, and England 1018–1051. Scandinavia was however also a recruiting area for attacks against England and this is why a defence needed to be organized by the Danish king Cnut the Great. The Thingmen attracted Swedish mercenaries, and probably some Norwegian as well.

Veliky Novgorod
Veliky Novgorod (/vəˈliːki ˈnɒvɡərɒd/ ⓘ və-LEE-kee NOV-gə-rod; Russian: Великий Новгород, IPA: [vʲɪˈlʲikʲɪj ˈnovɡərət]; lit. 'Great Newtown'), also known simply as Novgorod (Новгород), is the largest city and administrative centre of Novgorod Oblast, Russia. It is one of the oldest cities in Russia, being first mentioned in the 9th century. The city lies along the Volkhov River just downstream from its outflow from Lake Ilmen and is situated on the M10 federal highway connecting Moscow and Saint Petersburg. UNESCO recognized Novgorod as a World Heritage Site in 1992. The city has a population of 224,286 (2021 census).

At its peak during the 14th century, the city was the capital of the Novgorod Republic and was one of Europe's largest cities. The "Великий" (Veliky) part was added to the city's name in 1999.
Westbrook, Kent
Westbrook is a Victorian seaside resort on the Thanet peninsula in the southeast corner of England. It is the westernmost part of Margate and is part of the ribbon development of the north Kent coast. Westgate-on-Sea lies to the west.

Running through it is the main Canterbury Road where the Royal Sea Bathing Hospital stands, although the building is currently redeveloped into apartments. The row of shops opposite the hospital entrance includes Clarke and Crittenden. The Dog & Duck pub has been turned into offices for the Hospital Building site. A chapel stands in the grounds with, in 2024, planning permission for conversion into apartments.

Seaside resort
A seaside resort is a city, town, village, or hotel that serves as a vacation resort and is located on a coast. Sometimes the concept includes an aspect of an official accreditation based on the satisfaction of certain requirements such as in the German Seebad. Where a beach is the primary focus for tourists, it may be called a beach resort.
Leptosphaeria maculans
Leptosphaeria maculans (anamorph Phoma lingam) is a fungal pathogen of the phylum Ascomycota that is the causal agent of blackleg disease on Brassica crops. Its genome was one of the original plant pathogens that were sequenced using Sanger chemistry coupled with physical and genetic maps, indicative that L. maculans is a well-studied model phytopathogenic fungus. Most research focused on disease and its prevention. Symptoms of blackleg disease generally include basal stem cankers, small grey lesions on leaves, and root rot. The major yield loss is due to stem canker. The fungus is dispersed by the wind as ascospores or rain splash in the case of the conidia. L. maculans grows best in wet conditions and a temperature range of 5–20 degrees Celsius. Rotation of crops, removal of stubble, application of fungicide, and crop resistance are all used to manage blackleg. The fungus is an important pathogen of Brassica napus (canola) crops.

Teleomorph, anamorph and holomorph
In mycology, the terms teleomorph, anamorph, and holomorph apply to portions of the life cycles of fungi in the phyla Ascomycota and Basidiomycota:

Teleomorph: the sexual reproductive stage (morph), typically a fruiting body.

Anamorph: an asexual reproductive stage (morph), often mold-like. When a single fungus produces multiple morphologically distinct anamorphs, these are called synanamorphs.

Holomorph: the whole fungus, including anamorphs and teleomorph.

The terms were introduced in 1981 to simplify the discussion of the procedures of the existing dual-naming system, which (1) permitted anamorphs to have their separate names but (2) treated teleomorphic names as having precedence for being used as the holomorphic name. The Melbourne Code removes the provisions and allows all names to compete on equal footing for priority as the correct name of a fungus, and hence does not use the term holomorph any more.
Yamada Monogatari: Demon Hunter
Yamada Monogatari: Demon Hunter is a collection of historical mystery fantasy short stories by Richard Parks, the first volume in a series featuring his sword and sorcery character Yamada no Goji. It was first published in simultaneous trade paperback and ebook form by Prime Books in January 2013.

Richard Parks (author)
Billy Richard Parks (born June 15, 1955)  is an American fantasy, science fiction and horror writer. He writes under the names Richard Parks and W. J. Everett, aside from a few early works written as by B. Richard Parks and Rick Parks.
Listed buildings in Sevenoaks Weald
Sevenoaks Weald is a village and civil parish in the Sevenoaks District of Kent, England. It contains two grade II* and 19 grade II listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.

This list is based on the information retrieved online from Historic England

.

Sevenoaks District
Sevenoaks is a local government district in west Kent, England. Its council is based in the town of Sevenoaks.

The district was formed on 1 April 1974 by the merger of Sevenoaks Urban District, Sevenoaks Rural District and part of Dartford Rural District.
Fišer
Fišer (Czech feminine Fišerová) is a Czech-language transliteration of German surname Fischer. Notable people include:

Ivana Fišer, Croatian conductor

Luboš Fišer, Czech composer

Lud Fiser, American athlete and coach

Nelly Fišerová, Czech chess master

Tereza Fišerová, Czech canoeist

Václav Fišer, Czech athlete

Egon Bondy - Czech author born Zbyněk Fišer

Václav Fišer
Václav Fišer (born 9 July 1947) is a retired Czechoslovak long jumper and triple jumper.

He was born in Klatovy and represented the club Dukla Praha. He finished fifth at the 1971 European Championships, tenth at the 1972 European Indoor Championships, and competed at the 1972 Olympic Games without reaching the final.

He became Czechoslovak champion in long jump in 1970 and Czechoslovak champion in triple jump in 1971 and Czechoslovak indoor champion in 1972. His personal best jump was 16.62 metres, achieved in 1972.
Swedish Exhibition & Congress Centre
The Swedish Exhibition & Congress Centre (Swedish: Svenska Mässan) is an exhibition and convention centre in Gothenburg, Sweden and one of Scandinavia's largest assembly points, which attracts around 1.8 million visitors a year. It is one of Europe's largest, fully integrated hotel and congress facilities, owned and run by a nonprofit foundation, the Swedish Exhibition & Congress Centre Foundation.

A third tower was built in 2011–2014, making the venue one of the five largest in Europe, with a room capacity of over 1,200.

Foundation (nonprofit)
A foundation (also referred to as a charitable foundation) is a type of nonprofit organization or charitable trust that usually provides funding and support to other charitable organizations through grants, while also potentially participating directly in charitable activities. Foundations encompass public charitable foundations, like community foundations, and private foundations, which are often endowed by an individual or family. Nevertheless, the term "foundation" might also be adopted by organizations not primarily engaged in public grantmaking.
Togüí
5°56′15″N 73°30′48″W﻿ / ﻿5.93750°N 73.51333°W﻿ / 5.93750; -73.51333

Togüí (Spanish pronunciation: [toˈɣwi]) is a town and municipality in Boyacá Department, Colombia, part of the subregion of the Ricaurte Province. The municipality is located in the Eastern Ranges of the Colombian Andes at an altitude of 1,650 metres (5,410 ft). It borders the municipalities of San José de Pare, Arcabuco, Moniquirá, Chitaraque and Gámbita.

Cordillera Oriental (Colombia)
The Cordillera Oriental (English: Eastern Ranges) is the widest of the three branches of the Colombian Andes. The range extends from south to north, dividing from the Colombian Massif in Huila Department to Norte de Santander Department where it splits into the Serranía del Perijá and the Cordillera de Mérida in Venezuelan Andes. The highest peak is Ritacuba Blanco at 5,410 m (17,750 ft) in the Sierra Nevada del Cocuy.
Onen (surname)
Onen is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Abdulkadir Emin Önen (born 1976), Turkish politician

Charles Onen, Ugandan 21st century priest and politician

James Onen (born 1975), Ugandan radio presenter

Jayden Onen (born 2001), English footballer

Zafer Önen (1921– 2013), Turkish film actor

Charles Onen
Charles Onen is a Ugandan Catholic priest, politician and member of the parliament from Gulu East constituency. He was elected to the parliament as an independent candidate. In parliament he serves on the Rules committee.
KSAH (AM)
KSAH (720 kHz) is a commercial AM radio station, licensed to Universal City, Texas, and serving the San Antonio metropolitan area.  KSAH and sister station 104.1 KSAH-FM simulcast a classic regional Mexican radio format, specializing in norteño music.  The two stations are owned by Connoisseur Media with the licenses held by Alpha Media Licensee, LLC.  The studios and offices are located on Eisenhauer Road in Northeast San Antonio.

The AM station's transmitter site is south of Zuehl, Texas, off Stolte Road.  By day, KSAH is powered at 10,000 watts.  Because AM 720 is a clear channel frequency reserved for Class A station WGN in Chicago, KSAH must reduce power at night to 890 watts to avoid interference.  The station uses a directional antenna around the clock.

Greater San Antonio
Greater San Antonio, officially designated San Antonio–New Braunfels, is an eight-county metropolitan area in the U.S. state of Texas defined by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB). The metropolitan area straddles South Texas and Central Texas and is on the southwestern corner of the Texas Triangle. The official 2020 U.S. census showed the metropolitan area's population at 2,558,143—up from a reported 1,711,103 in 2000—making it the 24th largest metropolitan area in the United States. Downtown Austin and Downtown San Antonio are approximately 80 miles (129 km) apart, and both fall along the Interstate 35 corridor. This combined metropolitan region of San Antonio–Austin has approximately 5.1 million people.

San Antonio–New Braunfels is the third-largest metro area in Texas, after Dallas–Fort Worth–Arlington and Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land.
Anikó Raisz
Anikó Raisz (born in Miskolc) is a Hungarian politician. She served as secretary of state for Public Administration at the Ministry of Justice from 2019 to 2022 then as secretary of state for Environmental Affairs and the Circular Economy since May 2022 in the fourth and fifth governments led by Viktor Orbán respectively.

Miskolc
Miskolc (UK: /ˈmiːʃkɒlts/ MEESH-kolts, US: /ˈmɪʃkoʊlts/ MISH-kohlts; Hungarian: [ˈmiʃkolt͡s] ⓘ; Czech and Slovak: Miškovec; German: Mischkolz; Yiddish: Mishkoltz; Romanian: Mișcolț) is a city in northeastern Hungary, known for its heavy industry. With a population of 143,502 as of 2024, Miskolc is the fourth largest city in Hungary, behind Budapest, Debrecen, and Szeged. It is also the county capital of Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén and the regional centre of Northern Hungary.
Kokoro Button
Kokoro Button (Japanese: ココロ・ボタン; lit. "Heart Button") is a Japanese shōjo manga series written and illustrated by Maki Usami. It was serialized in Shogakukan's Betsucomi magazine from the June 2009 issue (released on May 13) to the December 2013 issue (released on November 13). Shogakukan collected the individual chapters into 12 bound volumes under the Flower Comics imprint; the first volume was released on October 26, 2009, and the last volume was released on April 25, 2014. The series is licensed in France by Soleil Manga and in Germany by Egmont Manga & Anime.

In 2016, the Japanese video distribution service dTV adapted Kokoro Button into a "movie comic", a series of videos containing animated panels from the manga with music and voice acting. The roles of Niina Kasuga and Eito Koga were played by Yoshino Aoyama and Shunichi Toki, respectively.

Motion comic
A motion comic or animated comic, is a form of animation combining elements of print comic books and animation. Individual panels are expanded into a full shot while sound effects, voice acting, music, and animation are added to the original artwork. Text boxes, speech bubbles and the onomatopoeia are typically removed to feature more of the original artwork being animated. Motion comics are often released as short serials covering a story arc of a long running series or animating a single release of a graphic novel. Single release issues of a story arc are converted into ten- to twenty-minute-long episodes depending on content.
George Gibbs (Australian politician)
George Sampson Gibbs (25 April 1908 – 25 May 1968) was an Australian politician.

Gibbs was born in Richmond to clerk George Thomas Pender Gibbs and Alberta Sampson. He attended Scotch College and became a schoolteacher, teaching at Malvern, Cann River, Boolarra South, Sunny Creek and Swan Marsh and serving as headmaster at Dennington and Koroit. In 1935 he married Rose Wilmott Jones, with whom he had three children.

In 1955 Gibbs was elected to the Victorian Legislative Assembly as the Liberal and Country Party member for Portland. He was a backbencher and an opponent of capital punishment. He lost preselection in 1967 and stood unsuccessfully as an Independent Liberal. In 1968 he joined the Country Party, but he died at Warrnambool later that year.

Dennington, Victoria
Dennington is a suburb of Warrnambool, in the Western District of Victoria, Australia. It is located in the City of Warrnambool local government area, 270 kilometres (170 mi) south-west of the state capital, Melbourne, and 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) north-west of the regional centre of Warrnambool. At the 2016 census, Dennington had a population of 1,907.

Dennington was home to a large bulk milk powder plant operated by New Zealand dairy co-operative, Fonterra. When opened by Nestlé in 1911, it was the world's largest condensed milk plant. The plant was closed in 2019 and is now owned by Provico.

The suburb lies on the Merri River.
Winter Island (California)
Winter Island (also known as Ruckels Island) is a 453-acre (183 ha) island in Suisun Bay, in the western Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta. It is north of Pittsburg, separated from Browns Island to the west by a slough. It was private property, and contained one house. It is used as a duck hunting area, a wetland, and a dredging disposal area. In 2016 Winter Island was purchased by the California Department of Water Resources in order to restore the island as a tidal marsh. Winter Island is part of Contra Costa County, and managed by Reclamation District 2122. It is shown, labeled "Ruckels Island", on an 1850 survey map of the San Francisco Bay area made by Cadwalader Ringgold and an 1854 map of the area by Henry Lange.

In 2009, Brusco Tug and Barge, a tugboat company, pled guilty to illegal dredge dumping near the island between 2003 and 2007. In 2014, a large wildfire broke out on the island.

Reclamation district
Reclamation districts are a form of special-purpose districts in the United States (and possibly other countries) which are responsible for reclaiming and/or maintaining land that is threatened by permanent or temporary flooding for agricultural, residential, commercial, or industrial use.  The land is reclaimed by removing and/or preventing water from returning via systems of levees, dikes, drainage ditches, and pumps.
Nicolás Almagro
Nicolás Almagro Sánchez (Spanish pronunciation: [nikoˈlas alˈmaɣɾo ˈsantʃeθ]; born 21 August 1985 in Murcia, Spain) is a Spanish former professional tennis player. He reached the quarterfinals of the French Open in 2008, 2010 and 2012 (losing each time to Rafael Nadal, the eventual champion in each occasion), as well as the quarterfinals of the Australian Open in 2013 (losing to David Ferrer after leading by two sets to love).

Over his career, Almagro won thirteen singles titles, and he achieved a career-high singles ranking of world No. 9 in May 2011. Following his retirement, Almagro began coaching American player Danielle Collins.

Filippo Volandri
Filippo Volandri (Italian pronunciation: [fiˈlippo voˈlandri]; born 5 September 1981) is an Italian tennis coach and former professional player.
Volandri reached a career-high singles ranking of world no. 25 in July 2007.
He turned professional in 1997 and earned almost $4 million in prize money, winning 2 ATP titles (out of 9 finals in total). His biggest victory was defeating Roger Federer, world number 1, at 2007 Italian Open – Men's singles. Retired in 2017, the following year he became coach and since 2021 he has been the captain of the Italian team, which he led to the win of three consecutive Davis Cups in 2023, 2024 and 2025, establishing a new international record.
Richard Marson
Richard Marson (born July 1966) is an English writer, television producer and director, best known as a former editor-in-chief of the BBC's children's television programme Blue Peter. In September 2007, Marson was sacked from his post for making an editorial decision on the naming of the new Blue Peter cat, thus overriding the results of online vote on the programme in January 2006. Despite this, he remains the programme's "unofficial historian".

Marson has directed and produced a number of documentaries, including Children's TV on Trial, Upstairs Downstairs Remembered, and Tales of Television Centre (2012).

Dismissal (employment)
Dismissal (colloquially called firing or sacking) is the termination of employment by an employer against the will of the employee. Though such a decision can be made by an employer for a variety of reasons, ranging from an economic downturn to performance-related problems on the part of the employee, being fired carries stigma in some cultures.

In contrast to resignation or being laid off, dismissal typically implies that the employee is at fault. Finding new employment after dismissal can be difficult, particularly if the dismissal was due to serious misconduct, if the employee held the position for a short time, or if there is a history of prior dismissals. Applicants often omit dismissed positions from their resumes, creating unexplained gaps that hiring managers may interpret as a red flag.
Weardale Rural District
54°46′16″N 2°00′14″W﻿ / ﻿54.771°N 2.004°W﻿ / 54.771; -2.004
Weardale was a rural district in County Durham, England from 1894 to 1974.  It was formed under the Local Government Act 1894 as a successor to the Weardale rural sanitary district.

It originally consisted of the parishes of Edmondbyers, Hunstanworth, Wolsingham.  It was expanded in 1937 by taking in parts of parishes in the disbanded Auckland Rural District, and also adding Stanhope which had previously been an independent urban district.

The district was abolished in 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972, and its area went to form part of the new Wear Valley district.

Sanitary district
Sanitary districts were established in England and Wales in 1872 and in Ireland in 1878.  The districts were of two types, based on existing structures:

Urban sanitary districts in towns with existing local government bodies

Rural sanitary districts in the remaining rural areas of poor law unions.

Each district was governed by a local board of health, which was responsible for various public health matters such as providing clean drinking water, sewers, street cleaning, and clearing slum housing.

In England and Wales both rural and urban sanitary districts were replaced under by the Local Government Act 1894 (56 & 57 Vict. c. 73) by the more general rural districts and urban districts.  A similar reform was carried out in Ireland in 1899 under the Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898.
Panormus (Skopelos)
Panormus or Panormos (Ancient Greek: Πάνορμος) was an ancient harbour on the coast of the island of Skopelos in the Northern Sporades. It is mentioned by Diodorus and by Polyaenus; they relate that, around 361/0 BCE, Alexander of Pherae besieged Peparethus and occupied Panormus. Leosthenes, the Athenian admiral, commanded the troops that came to the aid of Peparethus, but Alexander resisted the siege in Panormus, seized some Athenians triremes by a stratagem and plundered Piraeus.

Its site is located near the modern village of Panormos, Skopelos.

Polyaenus
Polyaenus or Polyenus (/ˌpɒliˈiːnəs/ POL-ee-EE-nəs; see ae (æ) vs. e; Ancient Greek: Πoλύαινoς, romanized: Polyainos, "much-praised") was a 2nd-century Roman Macedonian author and rhetorician, known best for his Stratagems in War (Ancient Greek: Στρατηγήματα, romanized: Strategemata), which has been preserved. He was born in Bithynia, Asia Minor. The Suda calls him a rhetorician, and Polyaenus himself writes that he was accustomed to plead causes before the Roman emperor. Polyaenus dedicated Stratagems in War to the two emperors Marcus Aurelius (r. 161–180) and Lucius Verus (r. 161–169), while they were engaged in the Roman–Parthian War of 161–166, about 163, at which time he was too old to accompany them in their campaigns.
Marcelle Moraes
Marcelle Mendes Rodrigues  (born 17 October 1976 in Lavras) is a Brazilian volleyball player, playing as a setter.

She was a member of Brazilian team at the 1995 Pan-American Games at Mar del Plata, and the 2002 FIVB World Championship. Also she participated in the 2005 FIVB World Grand Prix, the 2006 FIVB World Grand Prix, the 2005 FIVB Women's World Grand Champions Cup and the 2005 Montreux Volley Masters.

Lavras
Lavras is a municipality in southern Minas Gerais state, Brazil. Located at an altitude of 919 m, it has a population of 104,761 inhabitants (2022). The area of the municipality is 564.495 km2. The average annual temperature is 19.6 °C and the average annual rainfall is 1,511 millimetres.

Located in the Green Valley and Waterfalls tourist circuit, it is also near the Waters circuit – a series of spas in the state of São Paulo and Minas Gerais — and the Inconfidentes Trail circuit – a historical region of Minas. Lavras is connected by highway to the state capital, Belo Horizonte (237 km), to São Paulo (379 km), and Rio de Janeiro (423 km).