hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
University of the Arts (Philadelphia)
The University of the Arts (UArts) was a private arts university in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Its campus made up part of the Avenue of the Arts cultural district in Center City, Philadelphia. On May 31, 2024, university administrators suddenly announced that the university would close on June 7, 2024, although its precarious financial situation had been known for some time. It was accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.

The university included six schools: the School of Art, School of Dance, School of Design, School of Film, School of Music (accredited by the National Association of Schools of Music), and the Ira Brind School of Theater Arts, along with graduate and professional programs. A Saturday School of art classes for children opened in 1900.

Art school
An art school is an educational institution with a primary focus on practice and related theory in the visual arts and design. This includes fine art – especially illustration, painting, contemporary art, sculpture, and graphic design.   They may be independent or operate within a larger institution, such as a university. Some may be associated with an art museum.

Art schools may be organized to offer elementary, secondary, post-secondary, undergraduate, or graduate programs, and can also offer a broad-based range of programs (such as the liberal arts and sciences). In the West there have been six major periods of art school curricula, and each one has had its own hand in developing modern institutions worldwide throughout all levels of education. Art schools also teach a variety of non-academic skills to many students.
Eatonville Care Centre
Eatonville Care Centre is a privately owned long-term care facility in the Eatonville area of Etobicoke, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. As of 2020, it is owned by Rykka Care Centres. During the COVID-19 pandemic, it was particularly hard-hit, with 142 resident cases and 40 resident deaths. A report by the Canadian Armed Forces — who had been deployed to the facility, to assist — recorded "aggressive behaviour" by staff and drugging of residents that the Forces deemed unnecessary.

Unity Health Toronto — which oversees Providence Healthcare, St. Joseph's Health Centre and St. Michael's Hospital — was placed in control of the facility.

Providence Healthcare (Toronto)
Providence Healthcare is a hospital and long-term care centre in Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It specializes in physical therapy for patients who have experienced strokes, orthopaedic surgery, or lower limb amputation.
Mithridates II of the Bosporus
Mithridates II of the Bosporus, also known as Mithridates of Pergamon (died 46 BC), was a nobleman from Anatolia. Mithridates was one of the sons born to King Mithridates VI from his mistress, the Galatian Princess Adobogiona the Elder. He also had a full-blooded sister called Adobogiona the Younger. The Pontic prince was of Persian, Macedonian and Galatian ancestry.

Galatia
Galatia (/ɡəˈleɪʃə/; Ancient Greek: Γαλατία, Galatía, Turkish: Galatya) was an ancient area in the highlands of central Anatolia, roughly corresponding to the provinces of Ankara and Eskişehir in modern Turkey. Galatia was named after the Gauls from Thrace (cf. Tylis), who settled here and became a small transient foreign tribe in the 3rd century BC, following the Gallic invasion of the Balkans in 279 BC.
Robert S. Copeland
Robert S. Copeland (1800 – February 5, 1885) was a merchant, shipbuilder and political figure in Nova Scotia, Canada. He represented Pictou County in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1867 to 1871 as a Reformer.

He was born in Pictou, Nova Scotia, the son of Samuel Copeland. He married Jane Smith. Copeland was a justice of the peace. He lived in Merigomish, Nova Scotia and died there in 1885.

Pictou
Pictou (/ˈpɪktoʊ/ PIK-toh; Canadian Gaelic: Baile Phiogto; Mi'kmaq: Piktuk) is a town in Pictou County, in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia. Located on the north shore of Pictou Harbour, the town is approximately 10 km (6 miles) north of the larger town of New Glasgow.

Once an active shipping port and the shire town of the county, today Pictou is primarily a local service centre for surrounding rural communities and the primary tourist destination in this region of Nova Scotia.

The name Pictou derives from the Mi'kmaq name Piktuk, meaning 'explosive place', a reference to the river of pitch that was found in the area, or perhaps from methane bubbling up from coal seams below the harbour. The surrounding region formed one part of the Mi'kmaw district Epekwitk aq Piktuk, one of the seven districts of Mi'kma'ki.
Tabara Elhamra
Tabara Elhamra (Arabic: تبارة الحمراء)  is a Syrian village located in Uqayribat Subdistrict in Salamiyah District, Hama.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Tabara Elhamra had a population of 256 in the 2004 census.

Uqayribat Subdistrict
Uqayribat Subdistrict (Arabic: ناحية عقيربات)  is a Syrian nahiyah (subdistrict) located in Salamiyah District in Hama.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Uqayribat Subdistrict had a population of 21,004 in the 2004 census.
Bobby Dollas
Robert H. Dollas (born January 31, 1965) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player. Dollas played defence for the Winnipeg Jets, Quebec Nordiques, Detroit Red Wings, Mighty Ducks of Anaheim, Edmonton Oilers, Pittsburgh Penguins, Calgary Flames, Ottawa Senators and San Jose Sharks.

Quebec Nordiques
The Quebec Nordiques (French: Nordiques de Québec, pronounced [nɔʁdzɪk] in Quebec French, /nɔːrˈdiːks/ nor-DEEKS in Canadian English; translated "Northmen" or "Northerners") were a professional ice hockey team based in Quebec City. The Nordiques played in the World Hockey Association (1972–1979) and the National Hockey League (1979–1995). The franchise was relocated to Denver in May 1995 and renamed the Colorado Avalanche. They played their home games at the Colisée de Québec from 1972 to 1995.

The Nordiques were the only major professional sports team based in Quebec City in the modern era, and one of two ever; the other, the Quebec Bulldogs, played in the National Hockey Association (NHA) from 1910 to 1917 and one season in the NHL in 1919–20.
William Walker (Quebec politician)
William Walker (August 8, 1797 – April 8, 1844) was a Quebec lawyer and political figure.

He articled in law with Michael O'Sullivan and Charles Richard Ogden, was admitted to the bar in 1819 and set up practice in Montreal. Although loyal to the British authorities, following the Lower Canada Rebellion, he served as lawyer for several Patriotes who had been imprisoned. Walker originally supported the union of Upper and Lower Canada but later became editor of the Canada Times, a newspaper that supported responsible government and opposed the union. He was elected to the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada for Rouville in an 1842 by-election; he resigned due to illness in 1843 and died in Montreal in 1844.

Lower Canada Rebellion
The Lower Canada Rebellion (French: rébellion du Bas-Canada), commonly referred to as the Patriots' Rebellion (Rébellion des patriotes) in French, is the name given to the armed conflict in 1837–38 between rebels and the colonial government of Lower Canada (now southern Quebec). Together with the simultaneous rebellion in the neighbouring colony of Upper Canada (now southern Ontario), it formed the Rebellions of 1837–38 (rébellions de 1837–38).

As a result of the rebellions, the Province of Canada was created from the former Lower Canada and Upper Canada.
Puran Bhatt
Puran Bhaat is a puppeteer from India. Originally from Rajasthan, his  group of puppeteer families settled in Delhi almost fifty years ago. They currently reside in the Kathputli Colony at Delhi, an artist community.

He was awarded the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award in 2003, given by the Sangeet Natak Akademi, India's National Academy of Music, Dance & Drama.

Bhaat was one of the primary subjects of the 2014 docudrama Tomorrow We Disappear, which revolves around the Kathputli Colony facing impending eviction in order to build high-rise housing on the outskirts of New Delhi.

Sangeet Natak Akademi
Sangeet Natak Akademi (The National Academy of Music, Dance and Drama in English), in New Delhi, is the national academy for performing arts set up by the Government of India. It is an autonomous body of the Ministry of Culture, Government of India.
Mask (2025 film)
Mask is a 2025 Indian Tamil-language action thriller film written and directed by debutant Vikarnan Ashok. Produced jointly by The Show Must Go On and Black Madras Films, the film stars Kavin and Andrea Jeremiah in the lead roles.

Presented by Vetrimaaran's Grass Root Film Company, the film was tentatively titled Kavin 07, as it is the actor's seventh film as a lead actor, prior to its official announcement in May 2024. The official title was revealed along with the project announcement. Principal photography commenced the same month and was shot predominantly in Chennai. The film has entered its final stages of production. The music is composed by G. V. Prakash Kumar, with cinematography by R. D. Rajasekhar and editing by R. Ramar.

Mask was released in theatres on 21 November 2025.

Charle
Velmurugan Thangasamy Manohar (born 6 March 1960), professionally credited as Charle (/tʃɑːrli/), is an Indian actor who works in Tamil cinema. He has acted in more than 800 Tamil films as a comedian and supporting actor. Charle was named after the English actor Charlie Chaplin.
Cary Cooper
Sir Cary Lynn Cooper CBE FAcSS (born 28 April 1940), is an American-born British psychologist and 50th Anniversary Professor of Organizational Psychology and Health at the Manchester Business School, University of Manchester.

National School of Government
The National School of Government (previously known as the Civil Service College and the Centre for Management and Policy Studies, or CMPS) was the part of the Cabinet Office that ran training, organisational development and consultancy courses for UK civil servants and private individual learners. It was mostly based at Sunningdale Park, near Ascot in Berkshire, but had other centres on Belgrave Road in London, and later in Edinburgh.
101 Aquarii
101 Aquarii (abbreviated 101 Aqr) is a star in the equatorial constellation of Aquarius. 101 Aquarii is the Flamsteed designation, although it also bears the Bayer designation b3 Aquarii. 101 Aqr is a double star with the designation B 1900. The combined apparent visual magnitude of the pair is 4.71, which is bright enough to be seen with the naked eye from the suburbs. The distance of this star from Earth is estimated as 290 light-years (89 parsecs) based upon parallax measurements.

The brighter member of this system has an apparent magnitude of 4.81. It is an A-type main sequence star with a stellar classification of A0 V. This star is spinning rapidly with a projected rotational velocity of 1 km/s. The fainter companion is a magnitude 7.43 star at an angular separation of 0.840 arcseconds.

Bortle scale
The Bortle dark-sky scale (usually referred to as simply the Bortle scale) is a nine-level numeric scale that measures the night sky's brightness of a particular location. It characterizes the observability of celestial objects, taking into account the interference caused by light pollution. Amateur astronomer John E. Bortle created the scale and published it in the February 2001 edition of Sky & Telescope magazine to help skywatchers evaluate and compare the darkness of night-sky observing sites.
Old Kerosene Store
The Old Kerosene Store is located at Bathers Beach in Fremantle, Western Australia, adjacent to the ruins of the original Fremantle Long Jetty.  It is a single-storey limestone building and forms part of the historic Arthur Head Reserve precinct.

City of Fremantle
The City of Fremantle is a local government area in the south of Perth, Western Australia. The City covers an area of 19.0 square kilometres (7.3 sq mi), and lies about 19 kilometres (12 mi) southwest of the Perth central business district.
Amarun railway station
Amarun railway station is a railway station in Bardhaman–Katwa line under Howrah railway division of Eastern Railway zone. It is situated beside Bardhaman–Katwa Road at Arra, Eora Chak, Amarun of Purba Bardhaman district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

Eastern Railway zone
22°34′21.8″N 88°21′50.2″E﻿ / ﻿22.572722°N 88.363944°E﻿ / 22.572722; 88.363944

The Eastern Railway (abbreviated ER) is among the 19 zones of the Indian Railways. Its headquarters is at Fairley Place (Kolkata) and comprises four divisions: Howrah, Malda, Sealdah, and Asansol. Each division is headed by a Divisional Railway Manager (DRM). The name of the division denotes the name of the city where the divisional headquarters is located. Eastern Railway oversees the largest and second largest rail complexes in the country, Howrah Junction and Sealdah railway station, and also contains the highest number of A1 and A Category Stations like Howrah, Malda Town,
Sealdah, Asansol, Kolkata, Durgapur, Barddhaman, Jasidih, Madhupur, Rampurhat Junction, Bhagalpur, Jamalpur, Bandel and Naihati. Eastern Railways operates India's oldest train, Kalka Mail.
Upatnieks
Upatnieks is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Gunars Upatnieks (born 1983), Latvian double-bass player

Juris Upatnieks (born 1936), Latvian-American physicist

Rolands Upatnieks (1932–1994), Latvian luger

Gunars Upatnieks
Gunars Upatnieks (born 8 October 1983, in Jelgava) is a Latvian double-bass player and member of the Berlin Philharmonic.

He is prize winner at numerous competitions, including the ARD International Music Competition, the International ISB Solo Competition and the International Johannes Matthias Sperger Competition for Double Bass.
Holland's Next Top Model season 3
The third cycle of Holland's Next Top Model premiered on 15 October 2007 on RTL 5. This was the first cycle of the series to be hosted by Dutch model Daphne Deckers, who replaced the previous host, Yfke Sturm after two cycles. All of the previous season's judges returned for the new cycle, with the exception of photographer and creative director Carli Hermès, who was replaced by photographer Philip Riches. Bastiaan van Schaik also replaced stylist Ruud van der Pijl as a mentor for the contestants.

The prizes for this cycle included a modelling contract with Modelmasters The Agency valued at €75,000, a cover feature for Glamour magazine, an advertising campaign for L'Oreal, and the opportunity to represent the Netherlands at the 2008 Ford Models Supermodel of the World contest.

The winner of the competition was 20-year-old Cecile Sinclair from Middelburg, Zeeland.

Glamour (magazine)
Glamour is a multinational online women's magazine published by Condé Nast Publications and based in New York City. It was originally called Glamour of Hollywood. From 1939 to 2019, Glamour was a print magazine. Due to decreasing numbers of subscribers, Glamour's last print edition was in January 2019.
Alexandre Kalache (epidemiologist)
Alexandre Kalache (born 17 October 1945) is a medical epidemiologist specializing in the study of aging. Since 2012 he is President of the International Longevity Centre-Brazil (ILC BR) and co-President of the Global Alliance of International Longevity Centres (ILC-GA) from 2014 - 2019. He formerly directed the World Health Organization global ageing programme at its Geneva headquarters following an academic career largely at the Universities of London and Oxford in the United Kingdom. Kalache has researched, written and spoken in the field of ageing issues as an academic, an international civil servant and an advocate.

Aspen Institute
The Aspen Institute is an international nonprofit organization founded in 1949 as the Aspen Institute for Humanistic Studies. It is headquartered in Washington, D.C., but also has a campus in Aspen, Colorado, its original home.

Its stated mission is to "drive change through dialogue, leadership, and action to help solve the greatest challenges of our time". The Aspen Institute’s work focuses on many sectors including business, education, communications, energy and environment, health, security and international affairs.
Dipropyl peroxydicarbonate
Dipropyl peroxydicarbonate (trade name Luperox 221) is an organic peroxide with a variety of industrial uses, particularly as an initiator of polymerization.

Dipropyl peroxydicarbonate decomposes explosively at 0–10 °C (32–50 °F) due to a self-accelerating exothermic decomposition.

Exothermic process
In thermodynamics, an exothermic process (from Ancient Greek  έξω (éxō) 'outward' and  θερμικός (thermikós) 'thermal') is a thermodynamic process or reaction that releases energy from the system to its surroundings, usually in the form of heat, but also in a form of light (e.g. a spark, flame, or flash), electricity (e.g. a battery), or sound (e.g. explosion heard when burning hydrogen). The term exothermic was first coined by 19th-century French chemist Marcellin Berthelot.

The opposite of an exothermic process is an endothermic process, one that absorbs energy, usually in the form of heat.  The concept is frequently applied in the physical sciences to chemical reactions where chemical bond energy is converted to thermal energy (heat).
Forensic Files season 13
Forensic Files is an American documentary-style series which reveals how forensic science is used to solve violent crimes, mysterious accidents, and outbreaks of illness.  The show is broadcast on truTV, narrated by Peter Thomas, and produced by Medstar Television, in association with truTV Original Productions. It has broadcast 406 episodes since its debut on TLC in 1996 as Medical Detectives.

Peter Thomas (announcer)
Peter Addenbrooke Thomas (June 28, 1924 – April 30, 2016) was an American announcer and narrator of television programs and advertisements. Possessing a "smooth and silky baritone" voice, Thomas enjoyed a career spanning more than 70 years, and was best known as the narrator of the television series Forensic Files.
Nasirabad, Farsan
Nasirabad (Persian: نصيراباد, also Romanized as Naşīrābād) is a village in Mizdej-e Olya Rural District, in the Central District of Farsan County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 106, in 18 families. The village is populated by Lurs.

Lurs
The Lurs, Lors or Luris (Persian: لر) are an Iranian people living in western and southern Iran. The four Luri branches are the Bakhtiari, Mamasani, Kohgiluyeh and Lur proper, who are principally linked by the Luri language.

Lorestan province is named after the Lurs, but not all Lurs live in Lorestan, nor are all the inhabitants of Lorestan ethnic Lurs. Many Lurs live in other provinces of Iran including Fars, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad, Khuzestan, Hamadan, Isfahan, Tehran southern Ilam province, and Genaveh county in Bushehr province.
Luca Vidi
Luca Vidi (born 7 July 1976 in St. Gallen, Switzerland) is a Swiss former alpine ski racer who competed in slalom, giant slalom, downhill, and super-G. After retiring from the sport in 2001 due to injury, Vidi is now primarily an entrepreneur.

Downhill (ski competition)
Downhill is a form of alpine skiing competition. Whereas the other alpine skiing events (slalom, giant slalom, super giant slalom, and combined) emphasize turning and technique, downhill emphasizes "the six components of technique, courage, speed, risk, physical condition and judgement", according to the FIS "International Ski Competition Rules (ICR)". Speeds of up to 130 km/h (81 mph) are common in international competition. Athletes must have an aerodynamically efficient tuck position to minimize drag and increase speed.

The term, "downhill skiing", is also used as a synonym for alpine skiing as a recreational activity.
Debdale Meadow, Muston
Debdale Meadow, Muston is a 4.3-hectare (11-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest north of Muston in Leicestershire.

This traditionally managed meadow has diverse flora typical of the clay soils of the Midlands, and it has evidence of medieval ridge and furrow cultivation. Flora include cowslip, bulbous buttercup and pepper-saxifrage.

The site is private land with no public access.

Primula veris
Primula veris, the cowslip, common cowslip, or cowslip primrose (syn. Primula officinalis Hill), is a herbaceous perennial flowering plant in the primrose family Primulaceae. The species is native throughout most of temperate Europe and western Asia, and although absent from more northerly areas including much of northwest Scotland, it reappears in northernmost Sutherland and Orkney and in Scandinavia. This species frequently hybridizes with other Primulas such as the common primrose Primula vulgaris to form false oxlip (Primula × polyantha) which is often confused with true oxlip (Primula elatior), a much rarer plant.
Flier (surname)
Flier or Flyer is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Jaap Flier (born 1934), Dutch ballet dancer and choreographer

Jeffrey Scott Flier (born 1948), American physician, endocrinologist, researcher and Dean of the Faculty of Medicine at Harvard University

Manon Flier (born 1984), Dutch volleyball player

Natasha Flyer (born 1969), American earth scientist and applied mathematician

Yakov Flier (1912-1977), Russian concert pianist and teacher

Natasha Flyer
Natasha Flyer (born 1969) is an American earth scientist and applied mathematician known for her expertise on radial basis functions. She works as a research scientist in the Analytics and Integrative Machine Learning laboratory of the National Center for Atmospheric Research, and is also an affiliate of the Department of Applied Mathematics at the University of Colorado at Boulder.
Cam's Ham
Cam's Ham is a restaurant located in Huntington, West Virginia, US. Known as the Home of the Original Sugar-Flaked Ham, Cam's Ham was listed on the Food Network's 50 States 50 Sandwiches list as having the best sandwich in West Virginia.

The restaurant is named after its founder Cambell "Cam" Hage, who founded Cam's Ham in 1957 along the rails of Huntington Station. As one of the oldest running restaurants in West Virginia, the restaurant has maintained their old-fashioned diner aesthetic while also displaying a collection of Coca-Cola and NASCAR memorabilia.

Huntington station (Amtrak)
Huntington station is an Amtrak station in Huntington, West Virginia served by the Cardinal route.  Located at 1050 8th Avenue, the station consists of a platform on the south side of the east-west tracks, a small parking lot, and a small building containing a waiting room and space for a ticket office, though Amtrak pulled the station agent in the 21st century.

The station replaced a nearby historic Chesapeake and Ohio Railway building that is still in use as offices for its successor CSX Transportation.
Peg Lautenschlager
Peggy Ann Lautenschlager (November 22, 1955 – March 31, 2018) was an American attorney and Democratic politician who was the first chair of the Wisconsin Ethics Commission from 2016 to 2017, the 42nd Attorney General of Wisconsin from 2003 to 2007, the United States Attorney for the Western District of Wisconsin from 1993 to 2001, a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly for the 52nd district from 1989 to 1993, and the Winnebago County District Attorney from 1985 to 1989. Lautenschlager was the first woman to serve as Attorney General of Wisconsin.

Lautenschlager's son, Josh Kaul, is the current Wisconsin Attorney General. He was elected in the 2018 general election and re-elected in 2022.

Democratic Party of Wisconsin
The Democratic Party of Wisconsin is the affiliate of the Democratic Party in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. It is currently headed by chair Devin Remiker.

Important issues for the state party include support for workers and unions, strong public education, and environmental protection. It currently controls two of Wisconsin's eight U.S. House seats, one of its U.S. Senate seats, and the governorship. Additionally, Democratic-aligned justices control a majority on the state Supreme Court.