hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kirjath Sepher
Kirjath Sepher (Hebrew: קִרְיַת-סֵפֶר; in LXX Ancient Greek: Καριασσῶφαρ) was a location in southern Canaan which became part of the land allocated to the tribe of Judah when the Israelites conquered Canaan, according to the Hebrew Bible (Book of Joshua, Joshua 15:16 and Book of Judges, Judges 1:12):

And Caleb said, “He who attacks Kirjath Sepher and takes it, to him I will give Achsah my daughter as wife.

According to the narrative, Othniel the son of Kenaz, the brother of Caleb, took Kirjath Sepher and so was married to Achsah.

The place is also referred to as "Kiriath-sepher" or "Cariath-Sepher", and was later known as Debir. (Judges 1:13)

Kirjath Sepher is mentioned in Papyrus Anastasi I as Karetai Thoupar.

Papyrus Anastasi I
Papyrus Anastasi I (officially designated papyrus British Museum 10247) is an ancient Egyptian papyrus containing a satirical text used for the training of scribes during the Ramesside Period (i.e. Nineteenth and Twentieth dynasties). One scribe, an army scribe, Hori, writes to his fellow scribe, Amenemope, in such a way as to ridicule the irresponsible and second-rate nature of Amenemope's work. The papyrus was originally purchased from  Giovanni Anastasi in 1839.
Bicycle drivetrain systems
Bicycle drivetrain systems are used to transmit power on bicycles, tricycles, quadracycles, unicycles, or other human-powered vehicles from the riders to the drive wheels. Most also include some type of a mechanism to convert speed and torque via gear ratios.

Human-powered transport
Human-powered transport is the transport of person(s) and/or goods (freight) using human muscle power. Unlike animal-powered transport, human-powered transport has existed since time immemorial in the form of walking, running and swimming, as well as small vehicles such as litters, rickshaws, wheelchairs and wheelbarrows. Modern technology has allowed mechanical advantage devices and machines to enhance human-power.

Although motorization has increased speed and load capacity, many forms of human-powered transport remain popular for reasons of cost, convenience, leisure, physical exercise and environmentalism. Human-powered transport is sometimes the only type available, especially in underdeveloped or inaccessible regions.
Jeroni Fajardo
Jeroni Fajardo (born 5 April 1985), is a Spanish International motorcycle trials rider. Fajardo was the 2002 FIM European Trials champion and member of the winning Spanish TDN team in 2004 and 2006 through 2015.

Motorcycle trials
Motorcycle trials, also known as observed trials, often called simply trial or trials, is a non-speed event on specialized motorcycles. The sport is most popular in the United Kingdom and Spain, though there are participants around the globe.

Modern trials motorcycles are distinctive in that they have evolved to become extremely lightweight, lack seating (they are designed to be ridden standing up) and have suspension travel that is short, relative to a motocross or enduro motorcycle.

Motorcycle trials is often utilized by competitors in other motorcycle sports (such as enduro, motocross or road racers) as a way to cross-train, as trials requires fine throttle, balance, and machine control.
Jeff & Greg Burns
Jeff & Greg Burns (born December 16, 1969) are American composers of electronic and orchestral music, best known for their contributions to the  CBS’ police procedural drama NCIS. and "NCIS:New Orleans". The team have also co-composed music for such film and television projects as Andy Richter Controls the Universe, Heist, Listen Up, Notorious C.H.O., and Mattel's animated series Max Steel.

NCIS: New Orleans
NCIS: New Orleans is an American action crime drama and police procedural television series that premiered on CBS on September 23, 2014, following the twelfth season of NCIS. The pilot was written by Gary Glasberg, produced by CBS Studios, Wings Productions and, for the first four seasons, When Pigs Fly Incorporated. The series, set and filmed in New Orleans, is the third series of the NCIS franchise. In May 2020, the show was renewed for the seventh season which ended being the last and it premiered on November 8, 2020. In February 2021, CBS announced that the seventh season would be the series' final one. The series concluded on May 23, 2021, making it the first show in the NCIS franchise to come to an end.
Erin Kenny
Erin Leigh Callin Kenny (born December 21, 1960) is a former Democratic politician from Nevada.

Kenny earned her law degree on May 17, 2002, from William S. Boyd School of Law, University of Nevada, Las Vegas.  She subsequently failed the Nevada bar exam.

William S. Boyd School of Law
The William S. Boyd School of Law is the law school of the University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV) and the only law school in Nevada. It is named after William S. Boyd, a Nevada attorney and co-founder of Boyd Gaming Corporation who provided the initial funding for the school. The school opened in 1998 and graduated its first class in 2001.

The school has held American Bar Association accreditation since 2003 and joined the Association of American Law Schools in 2004.

In 2023, U.S. News & World Report ranked the law school's full-time program at No. 67 among 196 ranked full-time U.S. law schools and its part-time program at No. 20 among 70 ranked part-time U.S. law schools. Although it has gone down in ranking and now sits at 79th for its full-time program, the law school has risen to 8th for its part-time program.
The Big Cases
The Big Cases is a BBC true crime documentary series that first aired in 2022. The series examines notable criminal cases and court proceedings, primarily within the United Kingdom, with occasional coverage of international cases. It is broadcast on BBC News and all episodes are available on BBC iPlayer. The series offers an extended exploration of criminal cases, featuring investigative reporting, interviews, archival footage, and courtroom analysis, aiming to present detailed accounts of the legal processes and the individuals affected by the crimes.

Some of the cases that the series has looked into include the murder of Sabina Nessa, the 2023 Nottingham attacks, and the killing of Lilia Valutyte.

Murder of Sabina Nessa
On the evening of 17 September 2021, Sabina Nessa, a 28-year-old woman was murdered in south east London. Her body was found the following day in Cator Park, Greenwich, having been beaten and strangled.

Koci Selamaj, an Albanian-born man residing in Eastbourne, East Sussex, pleaded guilty to her murder in February 2022 and was sentenced to life imprisonment in April 2022.
2011 Fed Cup
The 2011 Fed Cup (also known as the 2011 Fed Cup by BNP Paribas for sponsorship purposes) was the 49th edition of the tournament between national teams in women's tennis.

The final took place at the Olympic Stadium in Moscow, Russia, on 5–6 November. Czech Republic defeated the home team, Russia, to win their sixth title and first as an independent nation.

Russia Billie Jean King Cup team
The Russia Billie Jean King Cup team represented Russia in Billie Jean King Cup tennis competition and are governed by the Russian Tennis Federation. They compete in the World Group. Following the 2020 ban of Russia by  the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) and the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS), it competed and won the 2020–21 Billie Jean King Cup under the RTF flag and name. After the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the International Tennis Federation suspended Russia from Billie Jean King Cup competitions.

From 1968 until 1991, the team represented the Soviet Union. With the dissolution of that country, it started to represent the Commonwealth of Independent States in 1992 until 1995, when it started to represent the Russian Federation.
1900s in Western fashion
Fashion in the period 1900–1909 in the Western world continued the severe, long and elegant lines of the late 1890s.  Tall, stiff collars characterized the period, as did women's broad hats and full "Gibson Girl" hairstyles.  A new, columnar silhouette introduced by the couturiers of Paris late in the decade signaled the approaching abandonment of the corset as an indispensable garment.

Norfolk jacket
A Norfolk jacket is a loose, belted, single-breasted tweed jacket with box pleats on the back and front, with a belt or half-belt. It was originally designed as a shooting coat that did not bind when the elbow was raised to fire. Its origin is uncertain but it may have been named after Coke of Norfolk, the Duke of Norfolk, or after the county of Norfolk. It was made fashionable after the 1860s in the sporting circle of the Prince of Wales, later Edward VII, whose country residence was Sandringham House in Norfolk. The style was long popular for boys' jackets and suits, and is still used in some (primarily military and police) uniforms.
Operation Seagull
Operation Seagull was a British action during the Second World War to destroy several Nazi-controlled industrial targets including a smelter at Arendal, with the help of Kompani Linge agents from Norway.

On 10 February 1943 the Norwegian submarine HNoMS Uredd was transporting the six-man sabotage team to Bodø when she hit a minefield laid by the German minelayer Cobra and sank, killing all 35 crew and the 7 agents.

In 1987, King Olav V unveiled a memorial to those lost aboard the Uredd, located in Grensen.

Arendal
Arendal (Urban East Norwegian pronunciation: [ˈɑ̂ːɳɖɑːɫ] ⓘ) is a municipality in Agder county in southeastern Norway. Arendal belongs to the region of Sørlandet. The administrative centre of the municipality is the city of Arendal (which is also the seat of Agder county). Some of the notable villages in Arendal include Rykene, Eydehavn, Færvik, Strengereid, Kongshavn, Kilsund, Brattekleiv, Torsbudalen, Longum, Saltrød, Staubø, Vrengen, and Kolbjørnsvik. The offices of UNEP/GRID-Arendal are also located in the city of Arendal.

The 270-square-kilometre (100 sq mi) municipality is the 273rd largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Arendal is the 24th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 45,891. The municipality's population density is 179.9 inhabitants per square kilometre (466/sq mi) and its population has increased by 5.9% over the previous 10-year period.
Shulamith Behr
Shulamith Behr (1946–2023) was a British art historian. She was a senior lecturer, and Honorary Research Fellow at the Courtauld Institute of Art. She was a specialist in 20th-century German Expressionism, with a particular interest in German and Swedish women artists.

Courtauld Institute of Art
The Courtauld Institute of Art (/ˈkɔːrtəʊld/) is a self-governing college of the University of London specialising in the study of the history of art and conservation.

The art collection is known particularly for its French Impressionist and Post-Impressionist paintings, and is housed in the Courtauld Gallery. The Courtauld is based in Somerset House, in the Strand in London. In 2019, the Courtauld's teaching and research activities temporarily relocated to Vernon Square, London, while its Somerset House site underwent a major regeneration project.
John Blodwell
John Blodwell, DCL was a 15th-century priest.

Blodwel was born in Llanyblodwel and educated at the University of Bologna. He held the living of Balsham in Cambridgeshire; was a Proctor of Durham: 76  and Canon of St Davids; and Dean of St Asaph from 1418 until  1441. He died at Balsham, Cambridgeshire, on 13 April 1462.

Doctor of Canon Law (Catholic Church)
Doctor of Canon Law (Latin: Juris Canonici Doctor, JCD) is the doctoral-level terminal degree in the studies of canon law of the Roman Catholic Church.  It can also be an honorary degree awarded by Anglican colleges. It may also be abbreviated ICD or dr.iur.can. (Iuris Canonici Doctor), ICDr, DCL, DCnl, DDC, or DCanL (Doctor of Canon Law). A doctor of both laws (i.e. canon and civil) is a JUD (Juris Utriusque Doctor) or UJD (Utriusque Juris Doctor).
Jennifer Widom
Jennifer Widom (born 1960 or 1961) is an American computer scientist known for her work in database systems and data management. She is notable for foundational contributions to semi-structured data management and data stream management systems. Since 2017, Widom is the dean of the School of Engineering and professor of computer science at Stanford University. Her honors include the Fletcher Jones Professor of Computer Science and multiple lifetime achievement awards from the Association for Computing Machinery.

Data stream management system
A data stream management system (DSMS) is a computer software system to manage continuous data streams. It is similar to a database management system (DBMS), which is, however, designed for static data in conventional databases. A DBMS also offers a flexible query processing so that the information needed can be expressed using queries. However, in contrast to a DBMS, a DSMS executes a continuous query that is not only performed once, but is permanently installed. Therefore, the query is continuously executed until it is explicitly uninstalled. Since most DSMS are data-driven, a continuous query produces new results as long as new data arrive at the system. This basic concept is similar to complex event processing so that both technologies are partially coalescing.
1995 West Dunbartonshire Council election
The 1995 West Dunbartonshire Council election was held on the 6 April 1995 and were the first for the newly formed unitary authority, which was created under the Local Government etc (Scotland) Act 1994 and replaced the previous two-tier system of local government under Strathclyde Regional Council and Dumbarton and Clydebank District Councils.

Strathclyde
Strathclyde (Ystrad Clud in Welsh; Srath Chluaidh [s̪t̪ɾa ˈxl̪ˠɯi] in Gaelic, meaning 'strath [valley] of the River Clyde') was one of nine former local government regions of Scotland created in 1975 by the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973 and abolished in 1996 by the Local Government etc. (Scotland) Act 1994. The Strathclyde region had 19 districts. The region was named after the early medieval Kingdom of Strathclyde centred on Govan, but covered a broader geographic area than its namesake by including Argyll and various Western islands in addition to its Southwestern core.
Beans (2020 film)
Beans is a 2020 Canadian drama film directed by Mohawk-Canadian filmmaker Tracey Deer. It explores the 1990 Oka Crisis at Kanesatake, which Deer lived through as a child, through the eyes of Tekehentahkhwa (nicknamed "Beans"), a young Mohawk girl whose perspective on life is radically changed by these events.

The film premiered at the 2020 Toronto International Film Festival, where it was second runner up for the People's Choice Award. It was also featured at the 2021 New York International Children's Film Festival, among others.

The film won the Canadian Screen Award for Best Picture at the 9th Canadian Screen Awards in 2021, along with the John Dunning Best First Feature Film Award. It was nominated for the Prix Iris for Best Screenplay at the 24th Quebec Cinema Awards in 2022.

Gala Québec Cinéma
The Gala Québec Cinéma is a Quebec film award, presented annually by Québec Cinéma, which recognizes talent and achievement in the mainly feature film industry of Quebec. Until 2016, it was known as La soirée des prix Jutra (The evening of the Jutra prizes) in reference of influential Quebec film director Claude Jutra, but Jutra's name was withdrawn from the awards following the publication of Yves Lever's biography of Jutra, which alleged that he had sexually abused children.

It should not be confused with the Claude Jutra Award, a special award presented by the Academy of Canadian Cinema & Television as part of the separate Canadian Screen Awards program which was also renamed in 2016 following the allegations against Jutra.
French destroyer Javeline
Javeline was a Arquebuse-class destroyer contre-torpilleur d'escadre built for the French Navy in the first decade of the 20th century. Completed in 1903, the ship was assigned to the Northern Squadron (Escadre du Nord).

Three-drum boiler
Three-drum boilers are a class of water-tube boiler used to generate steam, typically to power ships. They are compact and of high evaporative power, factors that encourage this use. Other boiler designs may be more efficient, although bulkier, and so the three-drum pattern was rare as a land-based stationary boiler.

The fundamental characteristic of the "three-drum" design is the arrangement of a steam drum above two water drums, in a triangular layout. Water tubes fill in the two sides of this triangle between the drums, and the furnace is in the centre. The whole assembly is then enclosed in a casing, leading to the exhaust flue.

Firing can be by either coal or oil. Many coal-fired boilers used multiple firedoors and teams of stokers, often from both ends.
Fujifilm X-Pro3
The Fujifilm X-Pro3 is a mirrorless interchangeable-lens digital camera announced on October 23, 2019. It is part of Fujifilm's X-Series of cameras, the successor to the X-Pro2. Sales began on November 28, 2019.

X-Pro3 is the latest release of the series.

Fujifilm
Fujifilm Holdings Corporation (富士フイルムホールディングス株式会社, Fuji-fuirumu Hōrudingusu kabushiki gaisha), trading as Fujifilm (富士フイルム, Fuji-fuirumu), or simply Fuji, is a Japanese multinational conglomerate headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, operating in the areas of photography, optics, office and medical electronics, biotechnology, and chemicals.

The company started as a manufacturer of photographic films, which it still produces. Fujifilm products include document solutions, medical imaging and diagnostics equipment, cosmetics, pharmaceutical drugs, regenerative medicine, stem cells, biologics manufacturing, magnetic tape data storage, optical films for flat-panel displays, optical devices, photocopiers, printers, digital cameras, color films, color paper, photofinishing and graphic arts equipment and materials.

Fujifilm is part of the Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group financial conglomerate (keiretsu).
Meads (surname)
Meads is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Colin Meads (1936–2017), New Zealand rugby union footballer

Eric Meads (1916–2006), English cricketer

Johnny Meads (born 1961), American football player

Lloyd Meeds (1927–2005), American politician

Stanley Meads (born 1938), New Zealand rugby union footballer

Tommy Meads (1900–1983), English footballer

Colin Meads
Sir Colin Earl Meads KNZM MBE (3 June 1936 – 20 August 2017) was a New Zealand rugby union player. He played 55 test matches (133 games), most frequently in the lock forward position, for New Zealand's national team, the All Blacks, from 1957 until 1971.

Meads is widely considered one of the greatest players in history. Nicknamed 'Pinetree' due to his physical presence, he was an
icon within New Zealand rugby, and was named the country's Player of the Century at the NZRFU Awards in 1999.
Self-dual Palatini action
Ashtekar variables, which were a new canonical formalism of general relativity, raised new hopes for the canonical quantization of general relativity and eventually led to loop quantum gravity. Smolin and others independently discovered that there exists in fact a Lagrangian formulation of the theory by considering the self-dual formulation of the Tetradic Palatini action principle of general relativity. These proofs were given in terms of spinors. A purely tensorial proof of the new variables in terms of triads was given by Goldberg and in terms of tetrads by Henneaux et al.

Canonical quantization
In physics, canonical quantization is a procedure for quantizing a classical theory, while attempting to preserve the formal structure, such as symmetries, of the classical theory to the greatest extent possible.

Historically, this was not quite Werner Heisenberg's route to obtaining quantum mechanics, but Paul Dirac introduced it in his 1926 doctoral thesis, the "method of classical analogy" for quantization, and detailed it in his classic text Principles of Quantum Mechanics. The word canonical arises from the Hamiltonian approach to classical mechanics, in which a system's dynamics is generated via canonical Poisson brackets, a structure which is only partially preserved in canonical quantization.

This method was further used by Paul Dirac in the context of quantum field theory, in his construction of quantum electrodynamics. In the field theory context, it is also called the second quantization of fields, in contrast to the semi-classical first quantization of single particles.
Phycella
Phycella is a genus of herbaceous, perennial bulbous flowering plants belonging to the family Amaryllidaceae, subfamily Amaryllidoideae.  The genus consists of five species distributed from central Chile to northwestern Argentina.

The type species, P. cyrtanthoides, is commonly known as añañuca in Chile, and the star Gliese 367 is named after it.

Gliese 367
Gliese 367 (GJ 367, formally named Añañuca) is a red dwarf star in the constellation of Vela. It is relatively nearby, with a distance of 30.7 light-years (9.4 parsecs) from Earth as measured from its parallax. It hosts three known exoplanets, Gliese 367 b, c & d.
Linlithgow Folk Festival
Linlithgow Folk Festival is an annual folk music festival held in Linlithgow, West Lothian, Scotland.

The first festival was held in 1999. Normally held on the second full weekend of September, it consists of a combination of sessions in local pubs and bars and organised musical events. These include paying and free concerts, workshops, and an increasing number of events in local venues, at the town's canal basin and on canal boats, in the local museum, local churches and sometimes in Linlithgow Palace.

The Festival Association has brought big names to the town in recent years, including Tom Paxton, Eric Bogle and Ralph McTell.

The Linlithgow Folk Festival Association has promoted interest in Glaswegian songwriter and performer Matt McGinn, and puts on an annual 'Matt McGinn night' at the beginning of March.

Tom Paxton
Thomas Richard Paxton (born October 31, 1937) is an American folk singer-songwriter whose career spans more than sixty years. In 2009, Paxton received a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. He is a music educator as well as an advocate for folk singers to combine traditional songs with new compositions.

Paxton's songs have been widely recorded, including modern standards such as "The Last Thing on My Mind", "Bottle of Wine", "Whose Garden Was This", "The Marvelous Toy", and "Ramblin' Boy". Paxton's songs have been recorded by Pete Seeger, Bob Dylan, the Weavers, Judy Collins, Sandy Denny, Joan Baez, Doc Watson, Harry Belafonte, Peter, Paul and Mary, the Seekers, Marianne Faithfull, the Kingston Trio, the Chad Mitchell Trio, John Denver, Dolly Parton and Porter Wagoner, Johnny Cash, Willie Nelson, Flatt & Scruggs, the Move, the Fireballs, Francesco Guccini and many others (see covers).
Tower Bends
Tower Bends (in Manx: Ballastowell – the farm of McStoile) is a point on the Snaefell Mountain Course used for the Isle of Man TT races on the Snaefell Mountain Road, designated A18, in the parish of Maughold in the Isle of Man.

Following soon after Waterworks and continuing the climb out of Ramsey town in the direction taken by race competitors, it is a sequence of bends at an elevation of 400 feet (122 metres)  above sea level at the 25th Milestone road-side marker on the 37+ mile circuitous-course, measured from the startline at the TT Grandstand. After Tower Bends, the climb continues to the Gooseneck and thereafter the start of the Snaefell Mountain section.

The S-bend corners at Tower Bends were part of the Highland Course and the Four Inch Course used for the Gordon Bennett Trial and Tourist Trophy car races held between 1904 and 1922. Tower Bends is now part of the Snaefell Mountain Course used since 1911 for the TT  and 1923 for the Manx Grand Prix races.

Highroads Course
Highroads Course was a road-racing circuit used for the Gordon Bennett British Eliminating Trial held in the Isle of Man for the 1904 and 1905 Tourist Trophy Race involving touring automobiles and cars. The events were held on public roads closed for racing by an Act of Tynwald (the parliament of the Isle of Man).