hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Howland Fish
Howland Fish (December 8, 1786 – June 21, 1862) was an American legislator and lawyer.

He was born in Dutchess County, New York, the son of Peter Fish and Elsie Howland Fish. He graduated from Yale College in 1809.  He studied law with the late Philip Parker of Hudson, New York, and pursued the profession with success in Johnstown, Glen, and Fultonville.  He represented Montgomery County, New York, three times in the New York State Legislature, was an active member of the Constitutional Convention of 1820, and in later years held the office of District Attorney.

Fish was married and had at least four sons. He died at Fultonville, New York, at the age of 75.

Dutchess County, New York
Dutchess County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 295,911. The county seat is the city of Poughkeepsie. The county was created in 1683, one of New York's first twelve counties, and later organized in 1713. Dutchess County is part of the Kiryas Joel–Poughkeepsie–Newburgh metropolitan area, which belongs to the larger New York–Newark–Bridgeport, NY-NJ-CT-PA Combined Statistical Area. The county is part of the Hudson Valley region of the state.
Meteor hammer
A meteor hammer (Chinese: 流星錘; pinyin: liúxīng chuí), often referred to simply as meteor (Chinese: 流星; pinyin: liúxīng) is an ancient Chinese weapon, consisting at its most basic level of two weights connected by a rope or chain. One of the flexible or "soft" weapons, this weapon is referred to by many different names worldwide, dependent upon region, construction and intended use. Other names in use include dai chui, flying hammer, or dragon's fist.  It belongs to the broader classes of flail and chain weapons. Little evidence exists that it saw use in actual historical combat.

Rope
A rope is a group of yarns, plies, fibres, or strands that are twisted or braided together into a larger and stronger form. Ropes have high tensile strength and can be used for dragging and lifting. Rope is thicker and stronger than similarly constructed cord, string, and twine.
Alfio (tenor)
Alfio (born Alfio Bonanno; 24 October 1976) is an Australian-Italian tenor, songwriter, musician, and composer. He began singing at a very early age and started singing professionally at the age of 17, concentrating on recorded music and concerts so far. Alfio has performed in Australia, the United States, Europe, and Asia.

Amore scusami
"Amore scusami" is a 1964 song composed by Gino Mescoli and Vito Pallavicini.  The song premiered at the Un disco per l'estate music festival with a performance of John Foster, and then got an immediate commercial success, peaking at third place on the Italian hit parade and remaining in the top ten for five months.
Che1 RNA motif
The che1 RNA motif is a conserved RNA structure that was discovered by bioinformatics.
che1 motifs are found in the genus Streptomyces, as well as some other organisms that are closely related to this genus.

It is ambiguous whether che1 RNAs function as cis-regulatory elements or whether they operate in trans.  However, che1 RNAs are consistently located upstream of protein-coding genes, which are often predicted to function as cholesterol esterases.  It is possible that che1 RNAs regulate these genes.

Sterol esterase
The enzyme sterol esterase (EC 3.1.1.13) catalyzes the reaction

a sterol ester + H2O  a sterol + a fatty acid

This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those acting on carboxylic ester bonds.  The systematic name is steryl-ester acylhydrolase. Other names in common use include cholesterol esterase, cholesteryl ester synthase, triterpenol esterase, cholesteryl esterase, cholesteryl ester hydrolase, sterol ester hydrolase, cholesterol ester hydrolase, cholesterase, and acylcholesterol lipase.  This enzyme participates in bile acid biosynthesis.
Tutu (song)
"Tutu" (transl. "You-you") is a song by Colombian singer Camilo and Puerto Rican singer Pedro Capó. The song was written by Camilo and its producers, Jon Leone and Richi Lopez. It was released on 9 August 2019. Due to the song's success, a remix with fellow singer Shakira was released on 15 October 2019.

"Tutu" is a pop song based on urban beats. The lyrics were inspired by the love Camilo feels for his girlfriend, Evaluna Montaner, who is also the protagonist of the music video.

Evaluna Montaner
Evaluna Mercedes Reglero Rodríguez de Echeverry (born August 7, 1997), known as Evaluna Montaner, is a Venezuelan actress, singer, dancer, television presenter, daughter of singer Ricardo Montaner and younger sister of Mauricio and Ricardo Montaner, known as Mau y Ricky.
2016 SANFL Grand Final
The 2016 South Australian National Football League (SANFL) grand final was played at the Adelaide Oval on Sunday, 25 September to determine the 2016 SANFL champion team.

The Grand Final was contested by the 2016 minor premiers Woodville-West Torrens and Sturt. This was the first time the two teams have played each other in the SANFL Grand Final. Sturt defeated the premiership favorites Woodville-West Torrens by 27 points as an upset to claim their fourteenth premiership overall and the first time since 2002.

Woodville-West Torrens Football Club
Woodville-West Torrens Football Club is an Australian rules football club playing in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL). The club was formed in 1990 from a merger of the neighbouring Woodville and West Torrens football clubs and played its inaugural game in 1991.  Since 1993, the Eagles have played most of their home games at Woodville's home ground of Woodville Oval, having previously used Football Park.
2006 Chicago Marathon
The 2006 Chicago Marathon was the 29th running of the annual marathon race in Chicago, United States and was held on October 22. The elite men's race was won by Kenya's Robert Kipkoech Cheruiyot in a time of 2:07:35 and the women's race was won by Ethiopia's Berhane Adere in 2:20:42.

Robert Kipkoech Cheruiyot
Robert "Mwafrika" Kipkoech Cheruiyot (born 26 September 1978 in Kapsabet, Kenya), sometimes known as Omar Ahmed, is a Kenyan marathon runner and is the former record holder and four-time winner of the Boston Marathon.
Édouard Goursat
Édouard Jean-Baptiste Goursat (21 May 1858 – 25 November 1936) was a French mathematician, now remembered principally as an expositor for his Cours d'analyse mathématique, which appeared in the first decade of the twentieth century. It set a standard for the high-level teaching of mathematical analysis, especially complex analysis. This text was reviewed by William Fogg Osgood for the Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society. This led to its translation into English by Earle Raymond Hedrick published by Ginn and Company. Goursat also published texts on partial differential equations and hypergeometric series.

Hypergeometric function
In mathematics, the Gaussian or ordinary hypergeometric function 2F1(a, b; c; z) is a special function represented by the hypergeometric series, that includes many other special functions as specific or limiting cases. It is a solution of a second-order linear ordinary differential equation (ODE). Every second-order linear ODE with three regular singular points can be transformed into this equation.

For systematic lists of some of the many thousands of published identities involving the hypergeometric function, see the reference works by Erdélyi et al. (1953) and Olde Daalhuis (2010). There is no known system for organizing all of the identities; indeed, there is no known algorithm that can generate all identities; a number of different algorithms are known that generate different series of identities. The theory of the algorithmic discovery of identities remains an active research topic.
St. Barnabas Hospital (Bronx)
St. Barnabas Hospital is a non-profit teaching hospital founded in 1866. The hospital is located in the Belmont neighborhood of The Bronx in New York City. It is a Level II Trauma Center and is a major clinical affiliate for clinical clerkship of the New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine.

Teaching hospital
A teaching hospital or university hospital is a hospital or medical center that provides medical education and training to future and current health professionals. Teaching hospitals are almost always affiliated with one or more universities and are often co-located with medical schools.

Teaching hospitals use a residency program to educate qualified physicians, podiatrists, dentists, and pharmacists who are receiving training after attaining the degree of MD, DO, DPM, DDS, DMD, PharmD, BDS, BDent, MBBS, MBChB, or BMed. Those that attend a teaching hospital or clinic practice medicine under the direct or indirect supervision of a senior medical clinician registered in that specialty, such as an attending physician or consultant. The purpose of these residency programs is to create an environment where new doctors can learn to practice medicine in a safe setting which is supervised by physicians that provide both oversight and education.
Harmonic Vector Excitation Coding
Harmonic Vector Excitation Coding, abbreviated as HVXC is a speech coding algorithm specified in MPEG-4 Part 3 (MPEG-4 Audio) standard for very low bit rate speech coding. HVXC supports bit rates of 2 and 4 kbit/s in the fixed and variable bit rate mode and sampling frequency of 8 kHz. It also operates at lower bitrates, such as 1.2-1.7 kbit/s, using a variable bit rate technique. The total algorithmic delay for the encoder and decoder is 36 ms.

It was published as subpart 2 of ISO/IEC 14496-3:1999 (MPEG-4 Audio) in 1999. An extended version of HVXC was published in MPEG-4 Audio Version 2 (ISO/IEC 14496-3:1999/Amd 1:2000).

MPEG-4 Natural Speech Coding Tool Set uses two algorithms: HVXC and CELP (Code Excited Linear Prediction). HVXC is used at a low bit rate of 2 or 4 kbit/s. Higher bitrates than 4 kbit/s in addition to 3.85 kbit/s are covered by CELP.

Bit rate
In telecommunications and computing, bit rate (bitrate or as a variable R) is the number of bits that are conveyed or processed per unit of time.

The bit rate is expressed in the unit bit per second (symbol: bit/s), often in conjunction with an SI prefix such as kilo (1 kbit/s = 1,000 bit/s), mega (1 Mbit/s = 1,000 kbit/s), giga (1 Gbit/s = 1,000 Mbit/s) or tera (1 Tbit/s = 1,000 Gbit/s). The non-standard abbreviation bps is often used to replace the standard symbol bit/s, so that, for example, 1 Mbps is used to mean one million bits per second.

In most computing and digital communication environments, one byte per second (symbol: B/s) corresponds to 8 bit/s (1 byte = 8 bits).  However if stop bits, start bits, and parity bits need to be factored in, a higher number of bits per second will be required to achieve a throughput of the same number of bytes.
The Journal of Food Science Education
The Journal of Food Science Education was an online peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the Institute of Food Technologists (Chicago, Illinois). It was established in 2002 as the first scientific electronic journal of the Institute that was published online only. Its main focus was the education methods involved in food science and technology. This involved the recruitment of future food scientists, education at the undergraduate and postgraduate levels, and continuing education through distance learning, e-learning, and lifelong learning.

The January 2007 issue featured the first themed issue with improved food science education in the K-12 grade range (Kindergarten, primary, middle school, and secondary).

Educational technology
Educational technology (commonly abbreviated as edutech or edtech) refers to the use of computer hardware, software, and educational theory and practice to facilitate learning and teaching. When referred to with its abbreviation, "EdTech", it often refers to the industry of companies that create educational technology. Scholars such as Tanner Mirrlees and Shahid Alvi (2019) have described the edtech industry as consisting largely of privately owned companies involved in producing and distributing educational technologies for commercial purposes.

In addition to the practical educational experience, educational technology is based on theoretical knowledge from various disciplines such as communication, education, psychology, sociology, artificial intelligence, and computer science. It encompasses several domains, including learning theory, computer-based training, online learning, and mobile learning (m-learning).
Max Beitan
Maxim Viktorovich Beitan (Russian: Максим Викторович Бейтан; born 25 November 1986), known as Max Beitan, is a Latvian cellist. He is the winner of 18 international competitions, five of them Grand Prix Awards. Max Beitan tours and performs extensively in Europe, the US and Asia and is known for performing a wide repertoire. Beitan currently resides in Lugano, Switzerland.

Antonio Stradivari
Antonio Stradivari (/ˌstrædɪˈvɑːri/, also US: /-ˈvɛəri/, Italian: [anˈtɔːnjo stradiˈvaːri]; c. 1644 – 18 December 1737) was an Italian luthier and a craftsman of string instruments such as violins, cellos, guitars, violas and harps. The Latinized form of his surname, Stradivarius, as well as the colloquial Strad are terms often used to refer to his instruments. It is estimated that Stradivari produced 1,116 instruments, of which 960 were violins. Around 650 instruments survive, including 450 to 512 violins. His instruments are considered some of the finest ever made, and are extremely valuable collector's items.
Concinnia ampla
The lemon-barred forest-skink (Concinnia ampla) is a species of skink found in Queensland, Australia. It is commonly found in montane forest or rainforest, among rock outcrops, rocks or tree roots that are associated with streams. The skink is known to sleep on exposed rock faces at night. It is one of the few skinks which produce sounds when captured.

Skink
Skinks are lizards that constitute the family Scincidae, which is part of the infraorder Scincomorpha. With more than 1,500 described species across 100 different taxonomic genera, the family Scincidae is one of the most diverse families of lizards. Skinks are characterized by their smaller legs in comparison to typical lizards and are found in different habitats except arctic and subarctic regions.
Cenderitide
Cenderitide (also known as chimeric natriuretic peptide or CD-NP) is a natriuretic peptide developed by the Mayo Clinic as a potential treatment for heart failure. Cenderitide is created by the fusion of the 15 amino acid C-terminus of the snake venom dendroaspis natriuretic peptide (DNP) with the full C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) structure. This peptide chimera is a dual activator of the natriuretic peptide receptors NPR-A and NPR-B and therefore exhibits the natriuretic and diuretic properties of DNP, as well as the antiproliferative and antifibrotic properties of CNP.

Natriuretic peptide precursor C
Natriuretic peptide precursor C, also known as NPPC, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NPPC gene. The precursor NPPC protein is cleaved to the 22 amino acid peptide C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP).
Ravindra and Smita Kolhe
Ravindra Kolhe and Smita Kolhe are Indian social activists and doctors. They work for the tribal people in remote village areas of Bairagarh in Melghat region of Amravati district in Maharashtra. Ravindra Kolhe completed his MBBS in 1985 and MD in 1987 from Government Medical College, Nagpur. He has been actively working in Bairagarh area since 1985. He married Smita, also a doctor specializing in Ayurveda and Homeopathy, and together continued their work. They charged a nominal fee of ₹1 (1.1¢ US) for treatment and also run a Government ration shop. Apart from medicinal help, the couple also makes general awareness campaigns for the tribals. The works of Kolhe couple has resulted in reduction of infant mortality rate from 200 per 1000 to 40 and pre-school mortality rate from 400 per 1000 to 100. In 2019, the couple received Padma Shri, India's fourth highest civilian award.

Government Medical College and Hospital, Nagpur
Government Medical College and Hospital, Nagpur is a medical college located in Ajni which is part of South Nagpur, Maharashtra, India. It was founded in 1947 and was affiliated with Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University from 1947 to 1997, and subsequently Maharashtra University of Health Sciences (MUHS).
Gagea pusilla
Gagea pusilla is a Eurasian plant species  in the lily family. It is native to Italy, Greece, the Balkans, Austria, Hungary, Slovakia, Czech Republic, Ukraine, Belarus, Russia (European Russia, North Caucasus, West Siberia Krai), and Kazakhstan.

Gagea pusilla is a bulb-forming perennial herb. Its flowers are yellow.

European Russia
European Russia is the western and most populated part of the Russian Federation. It is geographically situated in Europe, as opposed to the country's sparsely populated and vastly larger eastern part, Siberia, which is situated in Asia, encompassing the entire northern region of the continent. The two parts of Russia are divided by the Ural Mountains and Ural river, bisecting the Eurasian supercontinent. European Russia spans roughly 40% of Europe's total landmass, with over 15% of its total population, making Russia the largest and most populous country in Europe. The region is divided into six Federal districts.
İlbeyi, Kiğı
İlbeyi (Kurdish: Elbeyî) is a village in the Kiğı District, Bingöl Province, Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds and had a population of 12 in 2021.

The hamlets of Aşağıelbeyi, Çatallı, Honik, Örtülü, Sadık, Tepebaşı and Yukarıelbiyi are attached to the village.

Bingöl Province
Bingöl Province (Turkish: Bingöl ili; Kurdish: Parêzgeha Çewlîg; Zazaki: Wîlayetî Çewlîg; Armenian: Ճապաղջուր զավառ) is a province of Turkey. The province was known as Çapakçur Province (Armenian: Ճապաղջուր, lit. 'spread out water') before 1945 when it was renamed as Bingöl Province. Its area is 8,003 km2, and its population is 282,556 (2022). The province encompasses 11 municipalities, 325 villages and 693 hamlets.

The town of Genç was the scene of origin for the Sheikh Said rebellion in 1925 and most of the region was captured by the rebels during the rebellion.

As the current Governor of the province, Ahmet Hamdi Usta was appointed by the president in August 2023.
Beers Ago
"Beers Ago" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Toby Keith. It was released in March 2012 as the third and final single from his 2011 album Clancy's Tavern. Keith co-wrote the song with Bobby Pinson. A remixed version by DJ Jason Nevins also appears on the deluxe edition of Keith's sixteenth studio album Hope on the Rocks, released the following year. It is Keith's final Top 10 hit before his death in 2024.

Jason Nevins
Jason Nevins (born December 15, 1972) is an American songwriter, record producer and remixer, who is most widely known for his pop and dance productions, including his multi-platinum, multi-million selling production of "It's Like That" by American hip-hop group Run–D.M.C. and his multi-million selling production of "Cruise" by Florida Georgia Line featuring Nelly.
T Boötis
T Boötis is believed to have been a nova. It was observed by only one person, Joseph Baxendell, on 9, 11 and 22 April 1860, but has not been seen since. It is located less than half a degree from Arcturus in the constellation Boötes and was at magnitude 9.75 when first seen, and magnitude 12.8 when last seen. Other astronomers, including Friedrich Winnecke, Edward Charles Pickering, Ernst Hartwig and Ernst Zinner looked for a star in this location without success.

Despite being usually referred to as a nova, it had characteristics that set it apart from other novae: an amplitude of at least 7 magnitudes, an unusually rapid decline in brightness and a location unusually far from the Galactic plane. Joseph Ashbrook suggested in 1953 that it may be a recurrent nova which has been observed only once.

Ernst Zinner
Ernst Zinner (2 February 1886 in Goldberg, Silesia – 30 August 1970) was a German astronomer and noted historian of astronomy. He was a director of the observatory at Bamberg. His major work was on the diffusion of Copernican ideas. During the Third Reich, he refused to become a member of the NSDAP.
Samsung Z2
Samsung Z2 is a smartphone produced by Samsung. It is the third smartphone to be shipped with the Tizen operating system, after the Samsung Z1 and Samsung Z3. The Z2 was the first 4G smartphone powered by Tizen and was released on August 29, 2016.

In India, the Samsung Z2 was available with a Reliance Jio 4G preview offer, which provided unlimited calls, messages, and data for the first three months.

Its successor, the Samsung Z4, was released in May 2017.

Jio
Reliance Jio Infocomm Limited (d/b/a Jio) is an Indian telecommunications company and a subsidiary of Jio Platforms, headquartered in Navi Mumbai. It operates a national LTE network with coverage across all 22 telecom circles. Jio offers 4G, 4G+ and 5G NR services all over India. Its 6G service is in the works.

Jio was soft launched on 27 December 2015 with a beta for partners and employees, and became publicly available on 5 September 2016. It is the largest mobile network operator in India and the third largest mobile network operator in the world with over 50.6 crore (506 million) subscribers.
2017 Canon Media Awards
The 2017 Canon Media Awards were presented on 19 May 2017 at The Langham, Auckland, New Zealand. Awards were made in the categories of digital, feature writing, general, magazines, newspapers, opinion writing, photography, reporting and videography. The Wolfson scholarship, health journalism scholarships, and awards for editorial executive and outstanding achievements, were also presented.

The Post (New Zealand newspaper)
The Post (formerly The Dominion Post, Māori: Te Upoko o Te Ika lit. 'Head of the Fish') is a metropolitan daily newspaper published in Wellington, New Zealand. It is owned by media business Stuff Ltd, and formerly by the New Zealand branch of Australian media company Fairfax Media. Weekday issues are now in tabloid format, and its Saturday edition is in broadsheet format.

The Dominion Post was created in July 2002 with the merger of two metropolitan broadsheet newspapers, The Evening Post and The Dominion. It was announced in April 2023 that the paper would be renamed The Post. The change of name has garnered a generally unenthusiastic to negative response. Since July 2023, the editor has been Tracy Watkins.
Carl Petter Törnebladh
Carl Petter Törnebladh (November 3, 1774 – June 17, 1844) was a Swedish politician and Lord of the Realm, who served as Prime Minister for Justice between 1840 and 1843.

Born to Anders Törnebladh, a member of the Bure kinship and Beata Unge. The family had been raised to the untitled nobility in 1720. He received his education at Lund University, earing a degree in law. Prior to assuming the office of Prime Minister for Justice, Törnebladh had been appointed parliamentary ombudsman by the Estates as well as acting Chancellor of Justice.

Parliamentary Ombudsman
Parliamentary Ombudsman (Swedish: Riksdagens ombudsman, Finnish: Eduskunnan oikeusasiamies, Icelandic: Umboðsmaður Alþingis, Danish: Folketingets Ombudsmand, Norwegian: Sivilombudet) is the name of the principal ombudsman institutions in the Nordic countries of Sweden (where the term justice ombudsman – Justitieombudsmannen or JO – is also used), Finland, Iceland, Denmark and Norway. In each case, the terms refer both to the office of the parliamentary ombudsman and to an individual ombudsman.