hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Trollhättan Municipality
Trollhättan Municipality (Swedish: Trollhättans kommun, semi-officially Trollhättans stad) is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in western Sweden. Its seat is located in the city of Trollhättan.

The municipality was created gradually in 1967, 1971 and 1974 during the last local government reform when the City of Trollhättan (itself instituted in 1916) was amalgamated with surrounding municipalities.

The municipality itself prefers to use the denomination Trollhättans stad (City of Trollhättan) for the entire territory, including rural areas. This is purely nominal and has no effect on its status as a unitary municipality.  Until 2012 it was the home of the now defunct Saab Automobile.

Västra Götaland County
Västra Götaland County  (Swedish: Västra Götalands län) is a county or län on the western coast of Sweden.

The county is the second most populous of Sweden's counties and it comprises 49 municipalities (kommuner). Its population of 1,616,000 amounts to 17% of Sweden's population. The formal capital and seat of the governor of Västra Götaland County is Gothenburg. The political capital and seat of the Västra Götaland Regional Council is Vänersborg.

The county was established on 1 January 1998, when Älvsborg County, Gothenburg and Bohus County and Skaraborg County were merged.
Timeline of United States diplomatic history
The diplomatic history of the United States oscillated among three positions: isolation from diplomatic entanglements of other (typically European) nations (but with economic connections to the world); alliances with European and other military partners; and unilateralism, or operating on its own sovereign policy decisions. The US always was large in terms of area, but its population was small, only 4 million in 1790. Population growth was rapid, reaching 7.2 million in 1810, 32 million in 1860, 76 million in 1900, 132 million in 1940, and 316 million in 2013.  Economic growth in terms of overall GDP was even faster. However, the nation's military strength was quite limited in peacetime before 1940.

Roosevelt Corollary
In the history of United States foreign policy, the Roosevelt Corollary was an addition to the Monroe Doctrine articulated by President Theodore Roosevelt in his 1904 State of the Union Address, largely as a consequence of the Venezuelan crisis of 1902–1903. The corollary states that the United States could intervene in the internal affairs of any Latin American country guilty of “chronic wrongdoing, or an impotence which results in a general loosening of the ties of civilized society".

Roosevelt tied his policy to the Monroe Doctrine, and it was also consistent with the foreign policy included in his big stick ideology. He stated that in keeping with the Monroe Doctrine, the U.S. was justified in exercising "international police power" to put an end to chronic unrest or wrongdoing in the Western Hemisphere. President Herbert Hoover in 1930 endorsed the Clark Memorandum that repudiated the Roosevelt Corollary in favor of what was later called the Good Neighbor policy.
James Britt (American football)
James Earl Britt (born September 12, 1960) is an American former professional football player who was a cornerback in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the Atlanta Falcons in the second round of the 1983 NFL draft. He played college football for the LSU Tigers.

LSU Tigers football
The LSU Tigers football program, also known as the Fighting Tigers, represents Louisiana State University in college football. The Tigers compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the Southeastern Conference (SEC).

LSU ranks 16th best in winning percentage in NCAA Division I FBS history and claims four national championships (1958, 2003, 2007, and 2019), 16 conference championships, and over 40 consensus All-Americans. Three players for the Tigers have won the Heisman Trophy: Billy Cannon (1959), Joe Burrow (2019), and Jayden Daniels (2023).

The team plays on the university's campus at Tiger Stadium in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. The program's current head coach is Lane Kiffin.
Fred Trautman
Fredrick Orlando Trautman (March 24, 1892 – February 15, 1964) was an American Major League Baseball pitcher, who appeared in one game for the 1915 Newark Peppers of the defunct Federal League. Trautman was born in Bucyrus, Ohio and died there in 1964.

Newark Peppers
The Newark Peppers, originally known as the Indianapolis Hoosiers, were a Federal League baseball team from 1913 to 1915. The Federal League (FL), founded in 1913, was a third major league in 1914 and 1915.
Gronówko, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Gronówko [ɡrɔˈnufkɔ] (German: Klein Grünow) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Ińsko, within Stargard County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) south of Ińsko, 37 km (23 mi) east of Stargard, and 66 km (41 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

The village has a population of 90.

Stargard County
Stargard County (Polish: powiat stargardzki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Stargard, which lies 32 kilometres (20 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin. The county contains four other towns: Chociwel, 26 km (16 mi) north-east of Stargard, Dobrzany, 27 km (17 mi) east of Stargard, Ińsko, 37 km (23 mi) east of Stargard, and Suchań, 21 km (13 mi) east of Stargard.

The county covers an area of 1,519.59 square kilometres (586.7 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 119,402, out of which the population of Stargard is 70,534, that of Chociwel is 3,285, that of Dobrzany is 2,420, that of Ińsko is 2,001, that of Suchań is 1,446, and the rural population is 39,716.
Heinrich Krone
Heinrich Krone (1 December 1895 – 15 August 1989) was a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU).

Shortly after beginning his Theology study in 1914, Krone was drafted into service in World War I. After the war Krone continued his study, joining the Catholic Center Party in 1923. He held a variety of positions within the party before being elected to the Reichstag in 1925. He remained in the Reichstag until 1933. Immediately following the defeat of the Third Reich, Krone played an integral role in establishing the new Christian Democratic Union (CDU) party in Berlin. In 1949 he served in the first post-war West German federal parliament, the  Bundestag. From 1955 to 1961 he served as the chairman of the CDU faction in the Bundestag, and was a trusted colleague of Chancellor Konrad Adenauer. He remained in the Bundestag until 1969, serving several times as a minister under Chancellors Konrad Adenauer and Ludwig Erhard.

Chancellor
Chancellor (Latin: cancellarius) is a title of various official positions in the governments of many countries. The original chancellors were the cancellarii of Roman courts of justice—ushers, who sat at the cancelli (lattice work screens) of a basilica (court hall), which separated the judge and counsel from the audience. A chancellor's office is called a chancellery or chancery. The word is now used in the titles of many various officers in various settings (government, education, religion). Nowadays, the term is most often used to describe:

The head of the government

A person in charge of foreign affairs

A person with duties related to justice

A person in charge of financial and economic issues

The head of a university
Karen Shenfeld
Karen Shenfeld is a writer and film-maker living in Toronto, Canada.

The daughter of Louis Shenfeld and Margaret Parker, she was born in the Bathurst Manor neighbourhood of Toronto. Shenfeld received a B.A. in English literature from York University.

In 1999, she published a collection of poetry The Law of Return which won a Canadian Jewish Book Award. It was followed by The Fertile Crescent in 2005 and My Father's Hands Spoke in Yiddish in 2010. Shenfeld's poetry has been included in poetry readings on CBC Radio. In 2010, she participated in the first Festival Internacional de Literatura, held in Mexico. Her work has been included in anthologies and literary journals in Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom, South Africa and Bangladesh.

Shenfeld wrote and produced the 2001 documentary Il Giardino, The Gardens of Little Italy.

She is married to Stephen Watson, a mathematician. The couple live in the Little Italy district.

CBC Radio
CBC Radio is the English-language radio operations of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. The CBC operates a number of radio networks serving different audiences and programming niches, all of which (regardless of language) are outlined below.
Garrold's Meadow
Garrold's Meadow is a 5 hectare biological Site of Special Scientific Interest north of Leigh-on-Sea in Essex. The local planning authority is Castle Point Borough Council.

This site is unimproved grassland on gravel in it southern part and clay in the north. There is also an area of marsh. The plant community is diverse, with a number of uncommon species. Grasses include common bent, sweet vernal grass and crested dog's-tail.

There is no public access but the site can be viewed from Eastwood Old Road.

Anthoxanthum odoratum
Anthoxanthum odoratum is a short-lived perennial grass, commonly known as sweet vernal grass, that is native to acidic grassland in Eurasia and northern Africa. It is grown as a lawn grass and a house plant, due to its sweet scent, and can also be found on unimproved pastures and meadows. The specific epithet odoratum is Latin for 'odorous'.
Saturday Kitchen
Saturday Kitchen Live (formerly Saturday Kitchen) is a British food television programme typically broadcast on Saturday mornings between 10:00 and 11:30 on BBC One. It is also available on BBC iPlayer.

It is currently hosted by Matt Tebbutt and features wine and drinks experts Helen McGinn and Olly Smith, though there are sometimes guest hosts.

Each show includes a public figure such as a celebrity, broadcaster, author or sportsperson as a key guest. During the show, recipes are made live by a small number of profiled chefs. Each show also embeds archived clips from other cookery or food-related shows.

BBC iPlayer
BBC iPlayer (stylised as iPLAYER or BBC iPLAYER) is a video on demand service from the BBC. The service is available over-the-top on a wide range of devices, including mobile phones and tablets, personal computers and smart televisions. iPlayer services delivered to UK-based viewers are free from commercial advertising. To use the service, a valid TV Licence is required by law.

The terms BBC iPlayer, iPlayer, and BBC Media Player refer to various methods of viewing or listening to the same content. BBC iPlayer launched in 2007. Previously, a separate BBC iPlayer Radio brand was used for radio services but this was replaced with BBC Sounds in 2018. The current logo and rebranding to "iPLAYER" has been in use since 2021.

Currently, some programmes can be watched in UHD on iPlayer as part of an ongoing trial, as well as streaming major live events in 4K on iPlayer.
Dudley Matthews
Dudley Muir Matthews (11 September 1916 – 3 December 1968) was an English cricketer active from 1936 to 1938 who played for Lancashire. He was born in Rainhill and died in Bangkok. He appeared in seven first-class matches as a lefthanded batsman, scoring 130 runs with a highest score of 46 and held one catch.

Rainhill
Rainhill is a village and civil parish in the Metropolitan Borough of St Helens, Merseyside, England. The population at the 2011 census was 10,853.

Historically part of Lancashire, Rainhill was a township in the ecclesiastical parish of Prescot and hundred of West Derby. Following the Local Government Act 1894, it became part of the Whiston Rural District.

The Rainhill Trials of 1829 resulted in the selection of Stephenson's Rocket as the world's first modern steam locomotive.
Japanese destroyer Kamikaze
Two destroyers of the Imperial Japanese Navy have been named Kamikaze:

Japanese destroyer Kamikaze (1905), a Kamikaze-class destroyer of the Imperial Japanese Navy launched on July 15,1905.

Japanese destroyer Kamikaze (1922), a Kamikaze-class destroyer of the Imperial Japanese Navy launched on September 25, 1922.

Kamikaze-class destroyer (1905)
The Kamikaze-class destroyers (神風型駆逐艦, Kamikaze-gata kuchikukan; "divine wind") were a class of thirty-two torpedo boat destroyers (TBDs) of the Imperial Japanese Navy. The Kamikaze class of destroyers were the first destroyers to be mass-produced in Japan. The class is also sometimes referred to as the Asakaze class. This class of destroyer should not be confused with the later Kamikaze-class destroyers built in 1922, which participated in the Pacific War.
Fall River Valley School
Fall River Valley School was built in 1868 and was the first school in Fall River Valley. The site of the former School is on California State Route 299 east of McArthur, California. The Fall River Valley School site is a California Historical Landmark No. 759 listed on February 15, 1961.

Fall River Valley School was log cabin one-room school that was 20 feet by 30 feet. The lumber for the school came from Dana's sawmill in the all River Valley.  Dana's sawmill was the first sawmill in Fall River Valley. Dana's sawmill also supplied the lumber of the student's school desks.

A historical marker is at the site of the former Fall River Valley School on California State Route 299 3.6 miles east of McArthur. The marker was placed there by The California Park Commission working with The Fall River Teachers' Association and the Fort Crook Historical Society on May 30, 1961.

Log cabin
A log cabin is a small log house, especially a minimally finished or less architecturally sophisticated structure. Log cabins have an ancient history in Europe, and in North America are often associated with first-generation home building by settlers. Construction with logs was described by the Roman architect Vitruvius Pollio in his architectural treatise De Architectura. He described the log-based dwellings in Pontus.
2015 Big Ten Conference men's soccer season
The 2015 Big Ten Conference men's soccer season was the 25th season of men's varsity soccer in the conference. Maryland entered the season as both the regular season champion and the Big Ten tournament champion.

2014 Big Ten Conference men's soccer season
The 2014 Big Ten Conference men's soccer season was the 24th season of men's varsity soccer in the conference.

Penn State Nittany Lions were the two-time defending regular season champions, while the Indiana Hoosiers were the defending tournament champions.
Proc Randels
Horace Malvern "Proc" Randels (August 5, 1900 – January 17, 1933) was an American football end who played three seasons in the National Football League with the Kansas City Cowboys, the Cleveland Bulldogs, and the Detroit Wolverines. He played college football at Kansas State.

Detroit (1920s NFL teams)
Detroit had four early teams in the National Football League before the Detroit Lions. The Heralds played in 1920, and had played as an independent as far back as 1905. The Tigers, a continuation of the Heralds, played in 1921, folding midseason and sending their players to the Buffalo All-Americans. The Panthers competed from 1925 to 1926 and the Wolverines in 1928.
Yasothon Provincial Administrative Organization Stadium
Yasothon Provincial Administrative Organization Stadium (Suan Phayathan Stadium) (Thai: สนามกีฬาองค์การบริหารส่วนจังหวัดจังหวัดยโสธร (สวนพญาแถน)) is a multi-purpose stadium in Yasothon province, Thailand. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home stadium of Yasothon F.C.

15°46′58″N 104°09′05″E﻿ / ﻿15.782788°N 104.151446°E﻿ / 15.782788; 104.151446

Yasothon province
Yasothon province (Thai: ยโสธร, pronounced [já.sǒː.tʰɔ̄ːn], one of Thailand's seventy-six provinces (changwat), lies in central northeastern Thailand also called Isan. The province was established by the revolutionary council of Field Marshal Thanom Kittikachorn, after its Announcement No. 70 which came into force on 3 March 1972.

Neighboring provinces are (from north clockwise) Mukdahan, Amnat Charoen, Ubon Ratchathani, Sisaket, and Roi Et.
Time in Kiribati
Kiribati, a country in Oceania comprising 32 atolls and reef islands and one raised coral island, observes three time zones, ranging from UTC+12:00 to +14. Kiribati does not observe daylight saving time.

The three given time zones are for the three primary island groups that form Kiribati, and their associated atolls: Gilbert Island Time (GILT; UTC+12:00), Phoenix Island Time (PHOT; UTC+13:00) and Line Islands Time (LINT; UTC+14:00). UTC+14:00 is the most advanced time zone in the world, making Kiribati one of the first countries to celebrate a New Year, although Samoa also used to observe UTC+14:00 during their daylight saving time, but not since 2021.

Although Kiribati spans both the equator and the 180th meridian, the International Date Line goes around Kiribati and swings far to the east, almost reaching the 150°W meridian. This was the result of the Phoenix and Line Islands switching in 1994 from UTC−11:00 and −10 to UTC+13:00 and +14 respectively.

Gilbert Islands
The Gilbert Islands (Gilbertese: Tungaru; formerly Kingsmill or King's-Mill Islands) are a chain of sixteen atolls and coral islands in the Pacific Ocean, about halfway between Papua New Guinea and Hawaii. They constitute the main part of the country of Kiribati (the name of which is a rendering of "Gilberts" in the phonology of the indigenous Gilbertese).
Paul Goerg
48°54′24″N 4°00′11″E﻿ / ﻿48.9067721°N 4.0031116°E﻿ / 48.9067721; 4.0031116

Paul Goerg is a Champagne producer based in the Vertus region of Champagne. The co-operative, founded in 1950, produces both vintage and non-vintage cuvee as well as a blanc de blancs Chardonnay Champagne.

Champagne
Champagne (/ʃæmpeɪn/; French: [ʃɑ̃paɲ] ⓘ) is a sparkling wine originated and produced in the Champagne wine region of France under the rules of the appellation, which demand specific vineyard practices, sourcing of grapes exclusively from designated places within it, specific grape-pressing methods and secondary fermentation of the wine in the bottle to cause carbonation.

The grapes Pinot noir, Pinot meunier, and Chardonnay are used to produce almost all Champagne, but small amounts of Pinot blanc, Pinot gris (called Fromenteau in Champagne), Arbane, and Petit Meslier are vinified as well.

Champagne became associated with royalty in the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries. The leading manufacturers made efforts to associate their Champagnes with nobility and royalty through advertising and packaging, which led to its popularity among the emerging middle class.
2019 Meerbusch Challenger – Doubles
In the doubles of the 2019 Meerbusch Challenger tennis competition, David Pérez Sanz and Mark Vervoort were the defending champions but only Vervoort chose to defend his title, partnering Íñigo Cervantes. Vervoort lost in the first round to Sander Arends and David Pel.

Andre Begemann and Florin Mergea won the title after defeating Sriram Balaji and Vishnu Vardhan 7–6(7–1), 6–7(4–7), [10–3] in the final.

David Pérez Sanz
David Pérez Sanz (Spanish pronunciation: [daˈβið ˈpeɾeθ ˈsanθ]; born 15 May 1994) is a Spanish tennis player.

Pérez Sanz has a career high ATP singles ranking of No. 216 achieved on 6 June 2016 and a career high ATP doubles ranking of No. 158 achieved on 19 September 2016. Pérez Sanz has won 1 ATP Challenger doubles title, 12 ITF singles Futures titles and 36 ITF doubles Futures titles.

In July 2016, Pérez Sanz won the 2016 Tampere Open doubles title, partnering Max Schnur.

As of January 28, 2019, Pérez Sanz is number 1 in the ITF World Tennis Singles Ranking.
Keyes, Lethbridge & Condon
Keyes, Lethbridge & Condon was an American architectural firm active, under several different names, in Washington, D.C. from 1951 to 1997. It was founded in 1951 as Keyes, Smith, Satterlee & Lethbridge before splitting into Keyes & Lethbridge and Satterlee & Smith in 1956. Keyes & Lethbridge became Keyes, Lethbridge & Condon in 1958 and Keyes Condon Florance in 1975. After two more name changes it reverted to Keyes Condon Florance in 1995 and was merged into SmithGroup in 1997.

National Postal Museum
The National Postal Museum, located in Washington, D.C., is the primary postal museum of the United States. It covers large portions of the postal history of the United States and other countries. It was established through joint agreement between the United States Postal Service and the Smithsonian Institution and opened in 1993.
Pilawy
Pilawy [piˈlavɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sadkowice, within Rawa County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) north-west of Sadkowice, 16 km (10 mi) east of Rawa Mazowiecka, and 70 km (43 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.

Rawa County
Rawa County (Polish: powiat rawski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Rawa Mazowiecka, which lies 54 kilometres (34 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź. The only other town in the county is Biała Rawska, lying 17 km (11 mi) east of Rawa Mazowiecka.

The county covers an area of 646.6 square kilometres (249.7 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 49,443, out of which the population of Rawa Mazowiecka is 17,643, that of Biała Rawska is 3,182, and the rural population is 28,618.
Bakarkhani
Bakarkhani, baqarkhani or bakorkhoni, also known as bakarkhani roti, is a thick, spiced flatbread that is part of the Mughlai cuisine. Bakarkhani is prepared on certain Muslim religious festivals in South Asia and is now popular as a sweet bread.

Bakarkhani is almost biscuit-like in texture, with a hard crust. The chief ingredients are flour, semolina, sugar, molasses soaked in saffron, poppy or nigella seeds, salt, and ghee (clarified butter).

Poppy seed
Poppy seed is an oilseed obtained from the poppy plant (Papaver somniferum). The tiny, kidney-shaped seeds have been harvested from dried seed pods by various civilizations for thousands of years. It is still widely used in many countries, especially in Central Europe and South Asia, where it is legally grown, used in food products and sold in shops. The seeds are used whole or ground into meal as an ingredient in many foods – especially in pastry and bread – and they are pressed to yield poppyseed oil.
Resource management (computing)
In computer programming, resource management refers to techniques for managing resources (components with limited availability).

Computer programs may manage their own resources by using features exposed by programming languages (Elder, Jackson & Liblit (2008) is a survey article contrasting different approaches), or may elect to manage them by a host – an operating system or virtual machine – or another program.

Host-based management is known as resource tracking, and consists of cleaning up resource leaks: terminating access to resources that have been acquired but not released after use. This is known as reclaiming resources, and is analogous to garbage collection for memory. On many systems, the operating system reclaims resources after the process makes the exit system call.

File descriptor
In Unix and Unix-like computer operating systems, a file descriptor (FD, less frequently fildes) is a process-unique identifier (handle) for a file or other input/output resource, such as a pipe or network socket.

File descriptors typically have non-negative integer values, with negative values being reserved to indicate "no value" or error conditions.

File descriptors are a part of the POSIX API.  Each Unix process (except perhaps daemons) should have three standard POSIX file descriptors, corresponding to the three standard streams: