hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Czech Ladies Open
The Czech Ladies Open is a professional golf tournament on the Ladies European Tour, first played in 2019.

The tournament is played in Beroun just outside Prague, Czech Republic. The inaugural event was held at Karlštejn Golf Resort, overlooked by Karlštejn Castle and host to the 1997 Czech Open. For the 2019 season it became the second dual ranking event with LET on the LET Access Series, after the Jabra Ladies Open.

Beroun
Beroun (Czech pronunciation: [ˈbɛroun]; German: Beraun) is a town in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 22,000 inhabitants. It lies at the confluence of the Berounka and Litavka rivers. Beroun creates a conurbation with Králův Dvůr, former part of Beroun. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.
Kevin Yoder
Kevin Wayne Yoder (born January 8, 1976) is an American lawyer and politician who served as a member of the United States House of Representatives for Kansas's 3rd congressional district from 2011 to 2019. A Republican, Yoder was the Kansas State Representative for the 20th district from 2003 to 2011. In his 2018 reelection bid, he was defeated by Democrat Sharice Davids by ten percentage points.

Overland Park, Kansas
Overland Park (/ˈoʊvərlənd/ OH-vər-lənd) is a city located in Kansas, It is the largest city in Johnson County, Kansas, United States, and the second-most populous city in the state of Kansas.  It is one of four principal cities in the Kansas City metropolitan area and the most populous suburb of Kansas City, Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 197,238. It is also known for being one of the largest cities in the US that is a suburban city that uses the Kansas City street system.
Ben Douglas (American football)
Frank Benjamin Douglas (March 12, 1909 – December 4, 1985) was an American football player and coach of football and basketball. He served as the head football coach at Grinnell College in Grinnell, Iowa from 1940 to 1941 and again in 1946 and at Colorado College in Colorado Springs, Colorado in 1947, compiling a career college football coaching record of18–17. Douglas played college football at Grinnell from 128 to 1930 and then professionally for one season, in 1933, with the Brooklyn Dodgers of the National Football League (NFL). Douglas was also the head basketball coach at Cornell College in Mount Vernon, Iowa from 1931 to 1932, Grinnell from m 1940 to 1942, and the Missouri School of Mines and Metallurgy—now known as Missouri University of Science and Technology—from 1949 to 1950.

Grinnell, Iowa
Grinnell (/ɡrɪˈnɛl/ grin-EL) is a city in Poweshiek County, Iowa, United States. The population was 9,564 at the time of the 2020 census. It is best known for being the home of Grinnell College, a liberal arts college.
The Connector (musical)
The Connector is a stage musical with music and lyrics by Jason Robert Brown and a book by Jonathan Marc Sherman, from an original story by Daisy Prince. Set in the 1990s world of New York City journalism, the plot follows behind-the-scenes drama amongst staff of the fictional magazine The Connector, examining themes of journalistic integrity, gender inequality and plagiarism.

Jonathan Marc Sherman
Jonathan Marc Sherman (born October 10, 1968) is an American playwright, poet, actor, screenwriter and film producer. He submitted plays for several years to Young Playwrights Inc.'s National Playwrights Competition before they did a staged reading of his one-act, Serendipity and Serenity in 1987, followed by a full production of his next play, Women and Wallace (1988).

Sherman was one of the founders of Malaparte theater company.
Changrod
Changroad is a village in Charkhi Dadri  district of Haryana State . It falls under Rohtak Division and is located approximately 17 kilometers south, towards the Charkhi Dadri City and 23 km. from Kanina City and 2 km. from Badhwana village.

Charkhi Dadri
Charkhi Dadri is a city and the headquarters of Charkhi Dadri district in the Indian state of Haryana, about 90 km from the national capital Delhi. The town was made by joining the villages of Charkhi and Dadri after urban development. Charkhi Dadri is on NH 148B between Narnaul to Bathinda and NH 348B between Meerut to Pilani segment passing through the city.
Laranjeiro
Laranjeiro (Portuguese for field of orange trees) is a former civil parish in the municipality of Almada, Lisbon metropolitan area, Portugal. In 2013, the parish merged into the new parish Laranjeiro e Feijó. The population in 2011 was 20,988, in an area of 3.88 km2.

Lisbon metropolitan area
The Lisbon metropolitan area (Portuguese: Área metropolitana de Lisboa; abbreviated as AML) is a metropolitan area in Portugal centered on Lisbon, the capital and largest city of the country. The metropolitan area, covering 17 cities in 18 municipalities, is the largest urban area in the country and the 11th largest in the European Union, with a population in 2024 of 3,005,119 in an area of 3,015.24 km².

The Lisbon Metropolitan Area has the largest GDP (€106 billion) of any metropolitan area in Portugal. The region is home to the largest tech hub in the country and a majority of Portugal's major multinational corporations by revenue are based there.
Ocypete
Ocypete (Ancient Greek: Ὠκυπέτη means 'swift wing') was one of the three Harpies in Greek mythology. She was also known as Ocypode (Ὠκυπόδη means "swift foot") or Ocythoe (Ὠκυθόη means "swift runner"). The Harpies were the daughters of the sea god Thaumas and the Oceanid Electra. Her harpy-sisters were Aello (Podarge) and Celaeno, whereas other mentioned siblings were Iris, and possibly Arke and Hydaspes. In other accounts, Harpies were called the progeny of Typhoeus, father of these monsters, or of Pontus (Sea) and Gaea (Earth) or of Poseidon, god of the sea.

Arke
In Greek mythology, Arke or Arce (Ancient Greek: Ἄρκη, romanized: Árkē, lit. 'swift') is one of the daughters of Thaumas, and sister to the rainbow goddess Iris. During the Titanomachy, Arke fled from the Olympians' camp and joined the Titans, unlike Iris who remained loyal to Zeus and his allies. After the war was over and the Titans with their allies were defeated, Zeus cut off her wings and cast Arke into Tartarus to be kept imprisoned for all eternity.
Taito Kato
Taito Kato (Japanese: 加藤 大翔, Hepburn: Katō Taito; born 25 November 2007) is a Japanese racing driver who is set to compete under the French flag in the FIA Formula 3 Championship for ART Grand Prix as part of the Honda Formula Dream Project.

Born and raised in Taki, Mie, Kato is the 2024 French F4 champion. He moved up to the Formula Regional European Championship with ART Grand Prix in 2025, finishing seventh overall.

French Federation of Automobile Sport
French Federation of Automobile Sport (French: Fédération Française du Sport Automobile, FFSA), founded in 1952, is one of the National Sports Associations affiliated to the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA), with the aim of organising, regulating and developing motorsport in France.

By representing the government on the field, the FFSA guarantees the political development of the automobile sport and karting in France.

There are presently 56,000 registered members, registered through 432 automobile clubs (218 main clubs; 214 karting clubs). There are some 350 approved circuits, of which 120 are designed for road racing, and 280 karting tracks.

The FFSA is managed by a Management Committee of 30 members elected for 4 years. The president of the FFSA is selected among the members of the Management Committee.
College of Healthcare Information Management Executives
The College of Healthcare Information Management Executives (CHIME) is a professional organization for chief information officers and other senior healthcare IT leaders. CHIME allows for healthcare and medical executives to collaborate, develop professionally, and advocate the effective use of information management to improve the health and healthcare internationally.

CHIME is directed by an elected 16-member board composed of leading chief information officers (CIOs) and CHIME Foundation representatives.

Professional association
A professional association (also called  a professional body, professional organization, or professional society) is a group that usually seeks to further a particular profession, the interests of individuals and organisations engaged in that profession, and the public interest. In the United States, such an association is typically a nonprofit business league for tax purposes. In the UK, they may take a variety of legal forms.
Middle Huaihai Road station
Middle Huaihai Road (Chinese: 淮海中路; pinyin: Huáihǎi Zhōng Lù) is a station on Line 13 of the Shanghai Metro. This station is located on Ruijin 1st Road (near Middle Huaihai Road).  The station opened on December 19, 2015 as part of the extension to Line 13.

Lines 1 and 14 pass through without stopping. It is between South Shaanxi Road and Site of the First CPC National Congress · South Huangpi Road on Line 1, and between Jing'an Temple and South Huangpi Road on Line 14.

Shanghai Metro
The Shanghai Metro (Chinese: 上海地铁; pinyin: Shànghǎi Dìtiě; Shanghainese: Zaon6he5 Di6thiq7) is a rapid transit system in Shanghai, operating urban and suburban transit services to 14 of its 16 municipal districts and to the neighboring township of Huaqiao, in Kunshan, Jiangsu Province.

Forming the vast majority of the broader, multi-operator Shanghai rail transit network, the Shanghai Metro system is the world's second longest metro system by route length, totaling 808 kilometres (502 mi) and the second largest system by number of stations, with 506 stations across 19 lines (408, if stations connected by transfers are counted as single stations). It also ranks first in the world by annual ridership, with 3.88 billion rides delivered in 2019. The last daily ridership record was set on 9 March 2024, at 13.39 million rides. Ridership routinely stands at over 10 million on an average workday, accounting for 73% of trips on public transport in the city.
S. Nagarajan
S. Nagarajan is an Indian politician and is Member of the Legislative Assembly of Tamil Nadu. He was elected to the Tamil Nadu legislative assembly as an All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam candidate from Manamadurai constituency in the by-election in 2019.

2019 elections in India
The elections held in India in 2019 includes the general election, by-elections to the Lok Sabha, elections to 7 state legislative assemblies and numerous other by-elections to state legislative assemblies, councils and local bodies.
South (Martian crater)
South is an impact crater in the Mare Australe quadrangle of Mars, located at 76.9°S  latitude and 21.9°E  longitude. It measures 101.84 kilometres (63.28 mi) in diameter, and was named after British astronomer Sir James South (1785–1867). The name was approved by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature in 1973.

James South
Sir James South (October 1785 – 19 October 1867) was a British astronomer.

He was a joint founder of the Astronomical Society of London, and it was under his name, as President of the Society in 1831, that a petition was successfully submitted to obtain a Royal Charter, whereupon it became the Royal Astronomical Society.
Concept Composites MD03 Transat
The Concept Composites MD03 Transat is a French amphibious flying boat ultralight and light-sport aircraft that was designed and produced by Concept Composites of Pouancé. The aircraft is supplied as a complete ready-to-fly-aircraft.

Pouancé
Pouancé (French pronunciation: [pwɑ̃se] ⓘ) is a former commune in the Maine-et-Loire department in western France. On 15 December 2016, it was merged into the new commune Ombrée d'Anjou. It is located on the border of 4 French departements: Maine-et-Loire, Mayenne in the north, Ille-et-Vilaine in the north-west, and Loire-Atlantique in the west.

During the Middle Ages, Pouancé was situated on the border between Anjou, part of the Kingdom of France, and the independent duchy of Brittany. The city gained the nickname of "Door of Anjou, March of Brittany". The town retains its partially preserved city walls, some of its city gates and its medieval castle, which is the second largest in Anjou.
Dox Thrash
Dox Thrash (1893–1965) was an African-American artist who was famed as a skilled draftsman, master printmaker, and painter and as the co-inventor of the Carborundum printmaking process. The subject of his artwork was African American life. He served as a printmaker with the W.P.A. at the Fine Print Workshop of Philadelphia. The artist spent much of his career living and working in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Drafter
A drafter (also draughtsman / draughtswoman in British and Commonwealth English, draftsman / draftswoman, drafting technician, or CAD technician in American and Canadian English) is an engineering technician who makes detailed technical drawings or CAD designs for machinery, buildings, electronics, infrastructure, sections, etc. Drafters use computer software and manual sketches to convert the designs, plans, and layouts of engineers and architects into a set of technical drawings. Drafters operate as the supporting developers and sketch engineering designs and drawings from preliminary design concepts.
Guran Rural District
Guran Rural District (Persian: دهستان گوران) is in the Central District of Holeylan County, Ilam province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Shiravand. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Kahreh. Prior to this, its capital was the village of Towhid, now a city.

Holeylan County
Holeylan County (Persian: شهرستان هلیلان) is in Ilam province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Towhid, whose population at the time of the 2016 National Census was 2,128 in 601 households. The village is populated by Kurds.
Radical 177
Radical 177 or radical leather (革部) meaning "leather" or "rawhide" is one of the 11 Kangxi radicals (214 radicals in total) composed of 9 strokes.

In the Kangxi Dictionary, there are 305 characters (out of 49,030) to be found under this radical.

革 is also the 179th indexing component in the Table of Indexing Chinese Character Components predominantly adopted by Simplified Chinese dictionaries published in mainland China.

Leather
Leather is a strong, flexible and durable material obtained from the tanning, or chemical treatment, of animal skins and hides to prevent decay. The most common leathers come from cattle, sheep, goats, equine animals, buffalo, pigs and hogs, ostriches, and aquatic animals such as seals and alligators.

Leather can be used to make a variety of items, including clothing, footwear, handbags, furniture, tools and sports equipment, and lasts for decades. Leather making has been practiced for more than 7,000 years and the leading producers of leather today are China and India.

Critics of tanneries claim that they engage in unsustainable practices that pose health hazards to the people and the environment near them.
Road 99 (Iran)
Road 99 is the most eastern road in Iran. It is a road connecting Iranian border forts to each other used to move supplies to this fort to fight drug trafficking. The only important part is the southern part connecting Zabol to Zahedan and Birjand road. It was built by emperor Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar in the 1890s to act as a military supply route for the Eastern border.

Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar
Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar (Persian: مظفرالدین شاه قاجار, romanized: Mozaffareddin Šāh-e Qājār; 23 March 1853 – 3 January 1907) was the fifth Qajar shah of Iran, reigning from 1896 until his death in 1907. He is often credited with the creation of the Persian Constitution of 1906, which he approved of in one of his final acts as shah.
American Registry of Professional Animal Scientists
The American Registry of Professional Animal Scientists (ARPAS) is a professional organization that provides certification of animal scientists through examination. It also develops and promotes a code of ethics, offers continuing education, and disseminates scientific information through publication of the peer-reviewed journal Applied Animal Science

ARPAS members are generally animal scientists educated at land-grant universities throughout the United States.  Professional animal scientists serve as consultants, researchers, educators, extension agents and regulators in jobs relating to the animal industry.

ARPAS is affiliated with five professional societies: the American Dairy Science Association (ADSA), the American Meat Science Association (AMA), the American Society of Animal Science (ASAS), the Equine Science Society (ESS) and the Poultry Science Association (PSA).

Founded in 1973, ARPAS is headquartered in Champaign, Illinois, with Fass who provide services for ARPAS.

Poultry Science Association
The Poultry Science Association (PSA) is an American non-profit professional organization for the advancement of poultry science. Founded in 1908, the PSA is headquartered in Champaign, Illinois.

Consisting of 1800 members, PSA is involved in research, education, nutrition, and processing of poultry-based products, including chicken, quail, turkey, and duck. Its two journals are Poultry Science and Journal of Applied Poultry Research.

Its youngest ever President was Prof Frederick Hutt of the University of Minnesota in 1932 (then aged 34).
Madeleine (1950 film)
Madeleine is a 1950 British period film noir directed by David Lean and starring Ann Todd, Norman Wooland, Ivan Desny and Leslie Banks. It is based on the true story of Madeleine Smith (Todd), a young Glasgow woman from a wealthy family who was tried in 1857 for the murder of her lover, Émile L'Angelier (Desny). The trial was much publicised in the newspapers of the day and labelled "the trial of the century".

Lean made the film primarily as a "wedding present" to his then-wife Todd, who had previously played the role onstage. He was never satisfied with the film and cited it as his least favourite feature-length movie. It was released by General Film Distributors on February 16, 1950.

Norman Wooland
Norman Wooland (16 March 1910 – 3 April 1989) was an English character actor who appeared in many major films, including several Shakespearean adaptations.

Wooland was born in Düsseldorf, Germany, to British parents. During the Second World War, he was a junior radio announcer, reporting the news for the BBC. His acting break came when he played Horatio in Laurence Olivier's Hamlet (1948), and in which his "fine work" was noted by The New York Times. Then came Catesby in Olivier's film of Richard III, and Paris in Romeo and Juliet (1954). He also had supporting roles in Quo Vadis (1951), Ivanhoe (1952), Background (1953), The Guns of Navarone (1961), Life for Ruth (1962) and International Velvet (1978).

Cyril Norman Wooland married Evelyn T.P.M. Charpentier in 1932 and they had two daughters. He married Kathleen M. Smith in 1947.

Wooland kept a herd of cows, each of which was named after a Shakespearean character. He died in 1989, at the age of 79.
Ara Junction railway station
Ara Junction railway station (station code: ARA), is a railway station serving the city of Arrah in the Bhojpur district in the Indian state of Bihar. The Ara Junction railway station is well connected to most of the major cities in India by the railway network. It lies in between Buxar and Patna on Patna-Mughalsarai section of Howrah-Patna-Delhi main line which serves it with numerous trains. The Ara Bus Station is around 3 KM from the railway station.

Arrah is well connected to Patna, New Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Bangalore, Kanpur, Pune, Ahmedabad, Chennai, Siliguri, Lucknow, Agra, Prayagraj, Varansi, Bhopal, Jaipur, Surat, Kota, Katihar, Amritsar, Chandigarh, Secunderabad, Guwahati, Ranchi, Jammu and Kashmir, Ajmer, Goa, Ernakulam, Anand Vihar Terminal, Jhansi, Jodhpur, Haridwar, Mysuru, Dibrugarh and other cities of India.

Bhojpur district, India
Bhojpur district is one of the 38 districts of the Indian state of Bihar. Arrah city (also known as Ara) is the administrative headquarters of this district. Bhojpur district came into existence in 1972. Earlier it was the part of Shahabad district.

In the year 1972, Shahabad district was bifurcated in two parts namely Bhojpur and Rohtas. Buxar was a subdivision of old Bhojpur district then. In 1992, Buxar became a separate district and presently the rest of Bhojpur district has now three sub-divisions – Ara Sadar, Jagdishpur and Piro. It shares its border with Uttar Pradesh in the north west.
Ideal gas law
The ideal gas law, also called the general gas equation, is the equation of state of a hypothetical ideal gas. It is a good approximation of the behavior of many gases under many conditions, although it has several limitations. It was first stated by Benoît Paul Émile Clapeyron and independently of him, Dmitry Mendeleev in 1834 as a combination of the empirical Boyle's law, Charles's law, Avogadro's law, and Gay-Lussac's law. The ideal gas law is often written in an empirical form:

where ,  and  are the pressure, volume and temperature respectively;  is the amount of substance; and  is the ideal gas constant.
It can also be derived from the microscopic kinetic theory, as was achieved (independently) by August Krönig in 1856 and Rudolf Clausius in 1857.

Rudolf Clausius
Rudolf Julius Emanuel Clausius (German pronunciation: [ˈʁuːdɔlf ˈklaʊzi̯ʊs]; 2 January 1822 – 24 August 1888) was a German physicist and mathematician and is considered one of the central founding fathers of the science of thermodynamics. By his restatement of Sadi Carnot's principle known as the Carnot cycle, he gave the theory of heat a truer and sounder basis. His most important paper, "On the Moving Force of Heat", published in 1850, first stated the basic ideas of the second law of thermodynamics. In 1865 he introduced the concept of entropy. In 1870 he introduced the virial theorem, which applied to heat.
William Benbow Humphreys
William Benbow Humphreys (1889-1965), City Councillor in Kimberley, Member of the Cape Provincial Council, and Member of Parliament (for Beaconsfield and afterwards for Kimberley), was the founder of the William Humphreys Art Gallery in Kimberley. He became, in 1961, the second recipient of the Freedom of the City of Kimberley. Humphreys was born in Oudtshoorn on 5 April 1889 and died in Kimberley on 25 July 1965.

Kimberley, South Africa
Kimberley  (Khoekhoe: ǃ’Ās; Tswana: Kimbali) is the capital and largest city of the Northern Cape province of South Africa. It is located approximately 110 km east of the confluence of the Vaal and Orange Rivers. The city has considerable historical significance because of its diamond mining past and the siege during the Second Boer War. The British businessmen Cecil Rhodes and Barney Barnato made their fortunes in Kimberley, and Rhodes also established the De Beers diamond company in the early days of the mining town.

On 2 September 1882, Kimberley became the first city in the Southern Hemisphere and the second in the world after Philadelphia, in the United States, to install electric street lighting. The first stock exchange in Africa was built in Kimberley as early as 1881.
Albert Zimmermann
August Albert Zimmermann (born Zittau, September 20, 1808 - died Munich, October 18, 1888) was a German painter.  He was the brother of painters Max, Richard, and Robert Zimmermann, and served as Max's teacher.  He was primarily self-taught as a painter, but did study at the Dresden Academy of Fine Arts and the Academy of Fine Arts Munich.

Dresden Academy of Fine Arts
The Dresden Academy of Fine Arts (German Hochschule für Bildende Künste Dresden), often abbreviated HfBK Dresden or simply HfBK, is a vocational university of visual arts located in Dresden, Germany. The present institution is the product of a merger between the famous Dresden Art Academy, founded in 1764, the workplace and training ground of a number of influential European artists, and another well-established local art school, Hochschule für Werkkunst Dresden, after World War II.