hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Zapomeran
Zapomeran, sold under the brand name Kostaive is a self-amplifying mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccine. It contains a self-amplifying mRNA that encodes the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Self-amplifying means that the mRNA also carries instructions to make a protein called replicase.

It was developed under the name ARCT-154, also known as VBC-COV19-154 in Vietnam, by Arcturus Therapeutics. For its development, Arcturus collaborated with Vinbiocare, a Vietnamese company, for support with clinical trials and manufacturing.

Zapomeran was approved for medical use in Japan in November 2023, and it is the first self-amplifying mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccine to be approved. Zapomeran was authorized for medical use in the European Union in February 2025, and in the UK in January 2026.

Ministry of Health (Vietnam)
The Ministry of Health (MOH, Vietnamese: Bộ Y tế) is the government ministry responsible for the governance and guidance of the health, healthcare and health industry of Vietnam. In conjunction with other ministries and the prime minister's office, the Ministry is responsible for creating and promulgating long-term health policy programs such as the "National Strategy on Nutrition for the 2001 - 2010 period" and the "National Policy on Injury Prevention 2002 - 2010".  Its main offices are located in Ba Đình District, Hanoi.
Adventure into Fear
Adventure into Fear is an American horror comic book series published by Marvel Comics from cover dates November 1970 through December 1975, for 31 issues. This is its trademarked cover title for all but its first nine issues, though the series is copyrighted in its postal indicia as simply Fear.

The first nine issues, cover-titled Fear, reprinted science fiction/fantasy and monster stories from the late 1950s and early 1960s "pre-superhero Marvel" comics, primarily Journey into Mystery, Strange Tales, Tales to Astonish, and Tales of Suspense. Most were written by Marvel editor-in-chief Stan Lee and/or Larry Lieber, and generally penciled by Jack Kirby, Steve Ditko, or Don Heck, though occasionally by Paul Reinman or Joe Sinnott. Most covers were reprints, though Marie Severin drew the new top half of issue #4, John Severin the cover of issue #8, and the team of Gil Kane (penciler) and Frank Giacoia (inker) the covers of issues #5, 6 and 9.

Marie Severin
Marie Severin (/məˈriː ˈsɛvərɪn/; August 21, 1929 – August 29, 2018) was an American comics artist and colorist best known for her work for Marvel Comics and the 1950s' EC Comics. She is an inductee of the Will Eisner Comics Hall of Fame and the Harvey Awards Hall of Fame. She co-created Marvel Comics characters Spider-Woman (Jessica Drew), the Cat (Greer Nelson who later became Tigra), the Living Tribunal and Orka.
Hiking in Chile
Hiking in Chile is characterized by a wide range of environments and climates for hikers, which largely results from Chile's unusual, ribbon-like shape, which is 4,300 kilometres (2,700 miles) long and on average 175 kilometres (109 miles) wide. These range from the world's driest desert, the Atacama, in the north, through a Mediterranean climate in the center, to the glaciers, fjords and lakes of Patagonia in the south.

The longest hiking trail in Chile is the informal 3,000 km (1,850 mi) Greater Patagonian Trail that was created by a non-governmental initiative.

Biobío Region
The Biobío Region (Spanish: Región del Biobío [ˌbi.oˈβi.o]) is one of Chile's sixteen regions (first-order administrative divisions). With a population of 1.5 million, thus being the third most populated region in Chile, it is divided into three provinces: Arauco, Biobío and Concepción. The latter contains its capital and largest city, Concepción, a major city and metro area in the country. Los Ángeles, capital of the Biobío Province, is another important city in the region.
Coalton, Oklahoma
Coalton is a populated place in Okmulgee County, Oklahoma.  It is less than 11 miles south of the City of Okmulgee, and just east of US Route 62/US Route 75.  In the Henryetta Coal Formation coal-mining region and an oil-producing area, the town in its heyday had its own newspaper, The Coalton Enterprise, and was along the route of the shortline Coalton Railway, later called the Okmulgee Northern Railway, which operated from Okmulgee south along the Deep Fork River carrying the coal out of the Coalton, Schulter and Dewar producing areas from 1916 to 1964.  The Thirty-sixth annual report of the Department of Mines and Minerals from 1943 shows production by two coal companies in Coalton—Coalton Coal Company and Davis Coal Company—of almost 17,000 tons annually.

Okmulgee County, Oklahoma
Okmulgee County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of the 2020 census, the population was 36,706. The county seat is Okmulgee. Located within the Muscogee Nation Reservation, the county was created at statehood in 1907. The name Okmulgee is derived from the Hitchita (Lower Creek) word okimulgi, meaning "boiling waters".

Okmulgee County is included in the Tulsa, OK metropolitan statistical area.
Pentahexagonal pyritoheptacontatetrahedron
In geometry, a pentahexagonal pyritoheptacontatetrahedron is a near-miss Johnson solid with pyritohedral symmetry. This near-miss was discovered by Mason Green in 2006. It has 6 hexagonal faces, 12 pentagonal faces, and 56 triangles in 3 symmetry positions. Mason calls it a hexagonally expanded snubbed dodecahedron.

With regular hexagons and pentagons it is a symmetrohedron. The triangles are not equilateral, with triangle-triangle edges compressed by 1.8%.

It has 3 vertex configurations, 3.3.5.6, 3.5.3.6, 3.3.3.3.5, with the last shared in the snub dodecahedron.

Tetrahedral symmetry
A regular tetrahedron has 12 rotational (or orientation-preserving) symmetries, and a symmetry order of 24 including transformations that combine a reflection and a rotation.

The group of all (not necessarily orientation preserving) symmetries is isomorphic to the group S4, the symmetric group of permutations of four objects, since there is exactly one such symmetry for each permutation of the vertices of the tetrahedron. The set of orientation-preserving symmetries forms a group referred to as the alternating subgroup A4 of S4.
Suhadol, Laško
Suhadol (pronounced [suxaˈdoːu̯] or [suxaˈdoːl]) is a settlement on the left bank of the Sava River in the Municipality of Laško in eastern Slovenia. The railway line from Ljubljana to Zidani Most runs through the settlement. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Savinja Statistical Region.

Municipality of Laško
The Municipality of Laško (pronounced [ˈlaːʃkɔ] ⓘ; Slovene: Občina Laško)  is a municipality in eastern Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Laško. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The municipality is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region.
His Majesty Bunker Bean (play)
His Majesty Bunker Bean is a play in four acts by Lee Wilson Dodd based on the 1912 novel Bunker Bean by Harry Leon Wilson. Led by actor Taylor Holmes in the title role, the farce premiered in Detroit in 1915 prior to touring the Midwestern United States during the 1915–1916 season. This included a six month long stop in Chicago at the Cort Theatre where the play was a popular hit. After a hiatus in the summer 1916, the play resumed performances in Atlantic City in September before transferring to Broadway in October 1916, where it ran for three months at the Astor Theatre. The original production continued to tour until ending in May 1917, after which it was staged by regional theaters in the United States. The play and the novel it was based on were both the source material for multiple film adaptations made between 1918 and 1936.

Farce
Farce is a form of comedy that relies on exaggerated, improbable, or ridiculous situations to entertain an audience. It is typically marked by physical humor, absurdity, satire or parody, improbable scenarios, misunderstandings, and broadly stylized characters and performances.
National mysticism
National mysticism (German: Nationalmystik) or mystical nationalism is a form of nationalism that elevates the nation to the status of numen or divinity. Its best-known instance is Germanic mysticism, which gave rise to occultism under the Third Reich. The idea of the nation as a divine entity was presented by Johann Gottlieb Fichte. National mysticism is closely related to Romantic nationalism, but goes beyond the expounding of romantic sentiment, to a mystical veneration of the nation as a transcendent truth. It often intersects with ethnic nationalism by pseudohistorical assertions about the origins of a given ethnicity.

National mysticism is encountered in many forms of nationalism other than Germanic or Nazi mysticism and expresses itself in the use of occult, pseudoscientific, or pseudohistorical beliefs to support nationalistic claims, often involving unrealistic notions of the antiquity of a nation or any national myth defended as "true" by pseudo-scholarly means.

Johann Gottlieb Fichte
Johann Gottlieb Fichte (19 May 1762 – 29 January 1814) was a German philosopher who became a founding figure of German idealism, which developed from the theoretical and ethical writings of Immanuel Kant.

Fichte is an important philosopher in his own right due to his original insights into the nature of self-consciousness or self-awareness. Fichte was also the originator of thesis–antithesis–synthesis, an idea that is often erroneously attributed to Hegel.

Like Descartes and Kant before him, Fichte was motivated by the problem of subjectivity and consciousness. Fichte also wrote works of political philosophy; he has a reputation as one of the fathers of German nationalism.
Ministry of Defence (Equatorial Guinea)
The Ministry of Defence (Spanish: Ministerio de Defensa) is a department of the Government of Equatorial Guinea responsible for military administration. It is the administrative and executive body of the Armed Forces of Equatorial Guinea. It is under the supervision of the Vice President of Equatorial Guinea in charge of National Defense and Security, Teodoro Nguema Obiang Mangue.

Military administration
Military administration identifies both the techniques and systems used by military departments, agencies, and armed services involved in managing the armed forces. It describes the processes that take place within military organisations outside combat, particularly in managing military personnel, their training, and services they are provided with as part of their military service.

In cases of military government, for example during a military occupation, the management and control of civilians, and provision of services to them, may also be in scope.

In many ways military administration serves the same role as public administration in the civil society, and is often cited as a source of bureaucracy in the government as a whole. Given the wide area of application, military administration is often qualified by specific areas of application within the military, such as logistics administration, administration of doctrine development or military reform administration.
Polarization mixing
In optics, polarization mixing refers to changes in the relative strengths of the Stokes parameters caused by reflection or scattering—see vector radiative transfer—or by changes in the radial orientation of the detector.

Reflection (physics)
Reflection is the change in direction of a wavefront at an interface between two different media so that the wavefront returns into the medium from which it originated. Common examples include the reflection of light, sound and water waves. The law of reflection says that for specular reflection (for example at a mirror) the angle at which the wave is incident on the surface equals the angle at which it is reflected.

In acoustics, reflection causes echoes and is used in sonar. In geology, it is important in the study of seismic waves. Reflection is observed with surface waves in bodies of water. Reflection is observed with many types of electromagnetic wave, besides visible light. Reflection of VHF and higher frequencies is important for radio transmission and for radar. Even hard X-rays and gamma rays can be reflected at shallow angles with special "grazing" mirrors.
Amaro Sibilla
Amaro Sibilla is an Italian liqueur in the Amaro category. It is produced by the Varnelli S.p.A., a distillery in Pievebovigliana, in the Province of Macerata from the Marche region of central eastern Italy.

It was created in 1868 by the herbalist Girolamo Varnelli. According to his recipe, the ingredients are an infusion of herbs and roots from Monti Sibillini made on wood fire, pure honey from Monti Sibillini, and alcohol. These ingredients, once blended, have to be decanted and aged for several months. Nowadays, it is still produced in the same way.

During the 19th century, it had success as an anti-malarial drug because it is rich in Gentian and  Cinchona Calisaya. It was awarded first in Rome in 1902.

Pievebovigliana
Pievebovigliana is a frazione of Valfornace in the Province of Macerata in the Italian region Marche, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) southwest of Ancona and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) southwest of Macerata. It was a separate comune until January 1, 2017, when it was merged with Fiordimonte, which created the Valfornace comune. It is located in  the Monti Sibillini National Park.
House of Switzerland
The House of Switzerland is the official guesthouse of the Swiss Confederation, which is built, furnished and operated for the duration of the Olympic Games and the Paralympic Games. It is the official meeting point of the Swiss Olympic Team and the venue for the official medal celebrations of the Swiss medalists.

The House of Switzerland is one of the few Houses of Nations at the Olympic Games that is open to the public.

Federal administration of Switzerland
The federal administration of Switzerland is the ensemble of agencies that constitute, together with the Swiss Federal Council, the executive branch of the Swiss federal authorities. The administration is charged with executing federal law and preparing draft laws and policy for the Federal Council and the Federal Assembly.

The administration consists of seven federal departments and the Federal Chancellery. The departments are roughly equivalent to the ministries of other states, but their scope is generally broader. Each department consists of several federal offices, which are headed by a director, and of other agencies. The much smaller Federal Chancellery, headed by the Federal Chancellor, operates as an eighth department in most respects.
Rhizanthella speciosa
Rhizanthella speciosa is a species of flowering plant in the orchid family and is endemic to Barrington Tops in New South Wales. It is a mycoheterotrophic herb that spends its entire life cycle, including flowering, at or below the soil surface.

Myco-heterotrophy
Myco-heterotrophy (from Greek μύκης mýkes 'fungus', ἕτερος héteros 'another', 'different' and τροφή trophé 'nutrition') is a symbiotic relationship between certain kinds of plants and fungi, in which the plant gets all or part of its food from parasitism upon fungi rather than from photosynthesis. A myco-heterotroph is the parasitic plant partner in this relationship. Myco-heterotrophy is considered a kind of cheating relationship and myco-heterotrophs are sometimes informally referred to as "mycorrhizal cheaters". This relationship is sometimes referred to as mycotrophy, though this term is also used for plants that engage in mutualistic mycorrhizal relationships.
Bandfin shiner
The bandfin shiner (Coccotis zonistius) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish in the family Leuciscidae, the shiners, daces and minnows. It occurs in tributaries of the Apalachicola River drainage in Georgia, Alabama and Florida, adjacent tributaries of Savannah, Altamaha, and Coosa rivers in Georgia, and the Tallapoosa River in Georgia and Alabama. Its preferred habitat is rocky and sandy pools and runs of headwaters, creeks and small rivers.

Tallapoosa River
The Tallapoosa River runs 265 miles (426 km) from the southern end of the Appalachian Mountains in Georgia, United States, southward and westward into the Appalachian foothills in Alabama. It is formed by the confluence of McClendon Creek and Mud Creek in Paulding County, Georgia. Lake Martin at Dadeville, Alabama is a large and popular water recreation area formed by a dam on the river. The Tallapoosa joins the Coosa River about 10 miles (16 km) northeast of Montgomery near Wetumpka (in Elmore County) to form the Alabama River.

There are four hydroelectric dams on the Tallapoosa: Yates, Thurlow, Martin and Harris dams. They are important sources of electricity generation for Alabama Power (a unit of the Southern Company) and recreation for the public.
Gymnastics at the 1904 Summer Olympics – Men's combined
The men's combined was an artistic gymnastics event held as part of the gymnastics programme at the 1904 Summer Olympics, and was held on Friday, October 28. 1904 was the second time a combined apparatus event was held at the Olympics, though the previous incarnation was more similar to the all-around turnverein which took place in July. The format of the combined, however, was the basis for later all-around type events.

An unknown number of gymnasts competed, only five are known, with possibly ten gymnasts competing in total. The scores were a sum of the gymnasts' scores in the parallel bars, horizontal bar, vault, and pommel horse events.

Gymnastics at the 1900 Summer Olympics
At the 1900 Summer Olympics one gymnastics event for men was contested. The competition was held on Sunday, 29 July 1900, and on Monday, 30 July 1900. There were 135 competitors from 8 nations. The top 18 places were taken by French gymnasts, of which there were more than 100. The event was won by Gustave Sandras, with Noël Bas finishing second and Lucien Démanet third. The highest-placing foreign gymnast was Jules Ducret of Switzerland, in a tie for 19th place.
Heggie
Heggie is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bill Heggie (1927–1977), Scottish footballer

Charles Heggie (1862–?), Scottish footballer

George Heggie (1879–1953), Irish-born Canadian politician

Jake Heggie (born 1961), American classical composer and pianist

O.P. Heggie (1877–1936), Australian actor

Robert Andrew Heggie (1915–2000), Canadian lawyer, judge and politician

Will Heggie, Scottish musician

Douglas C. Heggie, Scottish applied mathematician and astronomer

O. P. Heggie
Oliver Peters Heggie (né Otto Peters Heggie;
17 September 1877 – 7 February 1936), billed as O. P. Heggie, was an Australian film and theatre actor best known for portraying the hermit who befriends the Monster in the film Bride of Frankenstein (1935). He was born Otto Peters Heggie at Angaston, South Australia to a local pastoralist. He was educated at Whinham College and the Adelaide Conservatoire of Music. He died in Los Angeles of pneumonia. He is buried at Woodside Cemetery in Yarmouth Port, Massachusetts.
True Obsessions
True Obsessions is the fourth studio album by guitarist Marty Friedman, released on April 17, 1996 through Toshiba EMI (Japan) and October 8, 1996 through Shrapnel Records (United States). It was also the last to feature Nick Menza on drums.

Marty Friedman
Martin Adam Friedman (Japanese: マーティン・アダム・フリードマン, Hepburn: Mātin Adamu Furīdoman) is an American guitarist, best known for his tenure as the lead guitarist of thrash metal band Megadeth from 1990 to 2000. He is also known for playing alongside Jason Becker in Cacophony from 1986 until 1989, as well as his 13 solo albums and tours. Friedman has resided in Tokyo since 2003, where he has appeared on over 700 Japanese television programs such as Rock Fujiyama, Hebimeta-san, Kōhaku Uta Gassen and Jukebox English. He has released albums with several record labels, including Avex Trax, Universal, EMI, Prosthetic, and Shrapnel Records.
Debashish Chaudhuri
Debashish Chaudhuri (born 14 October 1975) is an Indian symphonic conductor of Western classical music. Since 2000 he has been based in the Czech Republic. He serves on the governing body of The Antonín Dvořák Music Festival and is part of PETROF ART Family. In 2016 he led the concert tour of the Bohuslav Martinů Philharmonic as the first Czech orchestra in India after 57 years.
In 2021 he was awarded the Pravasi Bharat Samman Award by the President of India for his contributions to music, the highest award for non-resident Indians.
He was also awarded the prestigious Distinguished Contribution to Diplomacy Medal by the Czech Republic in 2021.

Petrof
50°11′31.75″N 15°51′3.33″E﻿ / ﻿50.1921528°N 15.8509250°E﻿ / 50.1921528; 15.8509250

Petrof is a Czech piano manufacturer founded in 1864. It is a leading European piano manufacturer, exporting to more than 60 countries.
Xiao Xian
Xiao Xian (蕭銑) (583–621) was a descendant of the imperial house of the Chinese Liang dynasty, who rose against the rule of the Sui dynasty toward the end of the rule of Emperor Yang of Sui.  He tried to revive Liang, and for several years appeared to be successful in doing so, as he, with his capital at Jiangling, ruled over a state that included most of modern Hubei, Hunan, Guangxi, and northern Vietnam.  In 621, however, under an attack by the Tang dynasty generals Li Jing and Li Xiaogong, he, not realizing that relief forces were approaching Jiangling, surrendered.  He was subsequently taken to the Tang capital Chang'an, where Emperor Gaozu of Tang executed him.

Yueyang
Yueyang, formerly known as Yuezhou or Baling, is a prefecture-level city on the eastern shores of Dongting Lake and the Yangtze river in the northeastern corner of Hunan Province in the People's Republic of China.

Yueyang has an administrative area of 14,896 km2 (5,751 sq mi) and the city proper, 304 km2 (117 sq mi). The population was 5,051,922 at the 2020 Chinese census whom 1,134,058 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made up of Yueyanglou District and Yunxi District, Junshan District not being conurbated. Yueyang is the only international trade port city in Hunan and a famous port city in China, at the same time, Yueyang's comprehensive economic strength ranks of Hunan second only to Changsha, the provincial capital.

The city's most famous attractions are the Yueyang Tower and Dongting Lake. The most famous food is Dongting lake silver fish (洞庭银鱼).

In 2021, the city's permanent resident population was 5,051,922, a decrease of 424,162 from the end of last year.
Orgyen Tshering
Orgyen Wangchuk Tshering (born 14 September 1999) is a Bhutanese professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Bangladesh Football League club Bangladesh Police FC. He is the most capped player for Thimphu City.

Bangladesh Police FC
Bangladesh Police Football Club (also known as Bangladesh Police Athletic Club) is a professional football club based in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The club was founded by Bangladesh Police and formerly East Pakistan Police. They previously played in the First Division Football League in 1998 – then the second tier league. Police FC became champions of the Second Division in 2013–14. The club gained promotion to the Bangladesh Football League for the first time by becoming champions of the 2018-19 Bangladesh Championship League.
Friedrich Hendrix
Friedrich ("Fritz") Hendrix (6 January 1911 in Aachen – KIA 30 August 1941 in Proletarskaja near Leningrad) was a German athlete who competed mainly in the 100 metres.

He competed for Germany in the 1932 Summer Olympics held in Los Angeles, United States in the 4 × 100 metre relay where he won the silver medal with his team mates Helmut Körnig, Erich Borchmeyer and Arthur Jonath.

He was married fellow sprinter Marie Dollinger who competed in three Olympic Games. Their daughter Brunhilde Hendrix later won an silver medal in the relay at the 1960 Summer Olympics.

He was killed in action during World War II.

Proletarsk, Rostov Oblast
Proletarsk (Russian: Пролета́рск) is a town and the administrative center of Proletarsky District in Rostov Oblast, Russia, located on the Manych River, on the Rostov-on-Don–Baku railway.

It was formerly the Cossack stanitsa of Velikoknyazheskaya (Великокняжеская).