hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kopanki, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship
Kopanki [kɔˈpanki] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Purda, within Olsztyn County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It is located in Warmia.

Before 1772 the area was part of Kingdom of Poland, in 1772–1871 of Prussia, in 1871–1945 of Germany, and since 1945 of Poland.

First Partition of Poland
The First Partition of Poland took place in 1772 as the first of three partitions that eventually ended the existence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth by 1795. The growth of power in the Russian Empire threatened the Kingdom of Prussia and the Habsburg monarchy and was the primary motive behind the First Partition.

Frederick the Great, King in Prussia, engineered the partition to prevent Austria, which was envious of Russian successes against the Ottoman Empire, from going to war. Territories in Poland–Lithuania were divided by its more powerful neighbours (Austria, Russia and Prussia) to restore the regional balance of power in Central Europe among those three countries.

With Poland unable to defend itself effectively and foreign troops already inside the country, the Polish Sejm ratified the partition in 1773 during the Partition Sejm, which was convened by the three powers.
Sindhu Bath
Sindhu Bath is a 1995 Indian Tamil-language drama film directed by Balu Anand. The film stars Mansoor Ali Khan, Kasthuri and Sanghavi, with R. Sundarrajan, Senthil, Rajan P. Dev, Kovai Sarala and Jai Ganesh playing supporting roles. It was released on 15 September 1995, and failed at the box office.

Jai Ganesh
Jai Ganesh (1946 – 12 February 2001) was an Indian actor who appeared in Tamil plays and films. He had supporting roles in the films  Aval Oru Thodar Kathai and Aattukara Alamelu, among others. His most popular roles have been as a supporting actor or as a villain in films such as Thaayillamal Naan Illai (1979) and Athisaya Piravi (1990). He acted as a child artiste in films like Sampoorna Ramayanam and Missiamma.

Jai Ganesh was born as Aarumugam, sixth son to Kuppusamy and Chellamma.

He was reintroduced into the film industry by director K. Balachander in Aval Oru Thodar Kathai. From then on, he acted in many films as hero and also as character actor. Some of his famous films in 1970s are Neeya, Pilot Premnath, Vattathukkul Sathuram and Vanakathukuriya Kathaliyae& Azhage unnai Aradhikkiren.
FAPSI
FAPSI (Russian: ФАПСИ) or Federal Agency of Government Communications and Information (FAGCI) (Russian: Федеральное Агентство Правительственной Связи и Информации) was a Russian government agency, which was responsible for signal intelligence and security of governmental communications.

The present-day FAPSI successor agencies are the relevant departments of the Federal Security Service (FSB)  and Foreign Intelligence Service (SVR) as well as the Special Communications Service of Russia (Spetssvyaz) (part of the Federal Protective Service of the Russian Federation) (FSO RF).

Signals intelligence
Signals intelligence (SIGINT) is the act and field of intelligence-gathering by interception of signals, whether communications between people (communications intelligence—abbreviated to COMINT) or from electronic signals not directly used in communication (electronic intelligence—abbreviated to ELINT). As classified and sensitive information is usually encrypted, signals intelligence may necessarily involve cryptanalysis (to decipher the messages). Traffic analysis—the study of who is signaling to whom and in what quantity—is also used to integrate information, and it may complement cryptanalysis.
Pedro Roncal
Pedro Guillermo Roncal Ciriaco (23 September 1962 – 19 August 2018) was a Spanish journalist, teacher, director of the all-news Radio 5 RNE and 24 Horas channels of public broadcaster RTVE, and a professor at RTVE's Official Institute.

Radio 5 (Spanish radio station)
Radio 5 is a Spanish free-to-air radio station owned and operated by Radio Nacional de España (RNE), the radio division of state-owned public broadcaster Radiotelevisión Española (RTVE). It is the corporation's all-news radio station, and is known for its 24-hour rolling news service and its live coverage of breaking news.

It was launched in 1 January 1989 as the first 24-hour rolling radio news service in Spain. It was known as "Radio 5 Todo Noticias" (1994–99) and "Radio 5 Información" (2012–13). It is the only nationwide rolling news radio service in Spain.

Its headquarters and main production center is in Casa de la Radio at Prado del Rey in Pozuelo de Alarcón. Although almost all its programming is in Spanish and is the same for all of Spain, RNE has territorial centers in every autonomous community and produces and broadcasts some local news bulletins in regional variations in each of them in the corresponding co-official language.
Parravicini
Parravicini (pronounced [paraviˈtʃiːni]) is an Italian surname from Lombardy. Notable people with the surname include:

Benjamín Solari Parravicini (1898–1974), Argentine artist

Elizabeth Parravincina or Parravicini (1950–1977), English murder victim

Florencio Parravicini (1876–1941), Argentine actor

Francesco Parravicini (born 1982), Italian footballer

Giacomo Parravicini or Paravicini (1660–1729), Italian painter

Mariangela Parravicini (born 1986), Italian freestyle skier

Tim Parravicini (born 1981), Australian long jumper

Pallavicini is also the namesake of the 6.5×52mm Parravicini-Carcano, an Italian military rifle cartridge.

Tim Parravicini
Tim Parravicini (born 25 April 1981) is a retired Australian long jumper.

He finished fifth at the 2000 World Junior Championships, ninth at the 2002 Commonwealth Games, eighth at the 2002 World Cup, seventh at the 2006 Commonwealth Games and eighth at the 2007 Summer Universiade.

He became Australian champion in 2002 and 2007. His personal best jump was 8.18 metres, achieved in February 2005 in Canberra. He retired after the 2008 season.
Westminster St George's
Westminster St George's, originally named St George's, Hanover Square, was a parliamentary constituency in Central London.  It returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post system of election.

Central London
Central London is the innermost part of London, in England, spanning the City of London and several boroughs. Over time, a number of definitions have been used to define the scope of Central London for statistics, urban planning and local government. Its characteristics are understood to include a high-density built environment, high land values, an elevated daytime population and a concentration of regionally, nationally and internationally significant organisations and facilities.

Road distances to London are traditionally measured from a central point at Charing Cross (in the City of Westminster), which is marked by the statue of King Charles I at the junction of the Strand, Whitehall and Cockspur Street, just south of Trafalgar Square.
Church and 29th Street / Church and Day stations
Church and 29th Street / Church and Day stations are a pair of light rail stops on the Muni Metro J Church line, located in the Noe Valley neighborhood of San Francisco, California. The eastbound (inbound) stop is located on Church Street at 29th Street, while westbound trains stop on Church Street at Day Street. The stops opened with the line on August 11, 1917. Until the 1991 extension to Balboa Park station, the line's outer terminus was just to the south at 30th Street. The station has two side platforms in the middle of Church Street (traffic islands) where passengers board or depart from trains. The station also has mini-high platforms providing access to people with disabilities.

Noe Valley, San Francisco
Noe Valley (/ˈnoʊ.i/ NOH-ee; originally spelled Noé) is a neighborhood in central San Francisco, California. It is named for Don José de Jesús Noé, noted 19th-century Californio statesman and ranchero, who owned much of the area and served as mayor.
Cornett (surname)
Cornett is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Abbie Cornett (born 1966), American politician

Betty Jane Cornett (1932–2006), American baseball player

Bill Cornett, American musician

Brack Cornett (outlaw) (died 1888), American outlaw

Brad Cornett (born 1969), American baseball player

Flip Cornett (1957–2004), American guitarist

Jonathan Webster Cornett (1883–1973), Canadian mayor

Leanza Cornett (1971–2020), American television personality

Marshall E. Cornett (1898–1947), American businessman and politician

Mick Cornett (born c. 1958), American politician

Mitchell Cornett, American politician

Natasha Cornett (born 1979), American murderer

R. Orin Cornett (1913–2002), American physicist

Samantha Cornett (born 1991), Canadian squash player

Mitchell Cornett
Mitchell Cornett is an American politician who was elected as a member of the Virginia House of Delegates in 2025. He is a member of the Republican Party. Cornett is a cattle farmer and small business owner.
Racah Institute of Physics
The Racah Institute of Physics (Hebrew: מכון רקח לפיסיקה) is an institute at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, part of the faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences on the Edmund J. Safra Campus in the Givat Ram neighborhood of Jerusalem.

The institute is the center for all research and teaching in the various fields of physics at the Hebrew University.  These include astrophysics, high energy physics, quantum physics, nuclear physics, solid state physics, laser and plasma physics, biophysics, non-linear and statistical physics, and nanophysics. Both experimental and theoretical research is carried on in these fields.

Givat Ram
Givat Ram (Hebrew: גִּבְעַת רָם) is a neighborhood in central Jerusalem. It is the site of Kiryat HaMemshala (Hebrew: קריית הממשלה, lit. Government complex), which includes many of Israel's most important national institutions, among them the Knesset (Israel's parliament), the Israel Museum (as well as the private Bible Lands Museum), the Supreme Court, Bank of Israel, Academy of the Hebrew Language, National Library, one of the campuses of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, and many government ministries' offices.
Laura Daners
Laura Daners Chao (1 February 1967 – 17 September 2010) was an Uruguayan television presenter and journalist.

Daners was a very successful synchronized swimmer and competed for Uruguay at the 1987 Pan American Games in Indianapolis. She started her journalistic career at Canal 5. She then became known to a wider public as the presenter of Telemundo 12 alongside Néber Araújo. Daners had multiple sclerosis, which ultimately led to death. She was the mother of two children and was buried in the Cementerio del Buceo, Montevideo.

1987 Pan American Games
The 1987 Pan American Games, officially known as the X Pan American Games, was a major international multi-sport event held in Indianapolis, Indiana, United States, on August 7–23, 1987. Over 4,300 athletes from 38 countries in the Americas competed in 297 events in 30 sports, earning 1,015 medals. Events were held at 23 venues in and around Indianapolis. The official mascot for the games was Amigo, a green parrot.
Qingtoushan Formation
The Qingtoushan Formation is a Middle Permian-age geologic formation in the Qilian Mountains of Gansu, China. It is known for its diverse tetrapod fauna known as the Dashankou fauna, which likely dates to the Roadian, and includes some of the oldest known therapsids. This formation was previously erroneously named as the Xidagou Formation, a name which applies to otherwise Triassic strata in the northern Qillian Mountains. The formation is over 300 metres thick, and primarily consists of purple-red coarse sandstones, with minor purple mudstone.

Mudstone
Mudstone, a type of mudrock, is a fine-grained sedimentary rock whose original constituents were clays or muds. Mudstone is distinguished from shale by its lack of fissility.

The term mudstone is also used to describe carbonate rocks (limestone or dolomite) that are composed predominantly of carbonate mud. However, in most contexts, the term refers to siliciclastic mudstone, composed mostly of silicate minerals.

The NASA Curiosity rover has found deposits of mudstone on Mars that contain organic substances such as propane, benzene and toluene.
Scott Jacobson
Scott Jacobson (born 1977) is an American comedy writer and winner of four Emmys for contributions to The Daily Show with Jon Stewart and two Emmys for contributions to Bob's Burgers.  He is currently a writer on Fox's animated show Bob's Burgers and has also written for The Academy Awards, Robert Smigel's TV Funhouse cartoons, and the Adult Swim show Squidbillies.  He grew up in North Carolina, where he attended the North Carolina School of Science and Mathematics and the University of North Carolina in Chapel Hill.

Jacobson has also directed music videos for The National, Dinosaur Jr., Nick Lowe, Superchunk, The Fiery Furnaces, Eleanor Friedberger, Rebecca Schiffman, Hospitality, Stephen Malkmus and the Jicks, among others.

TV Funhouse
Saturday TV Funhouse is a segment on NBC's Saturday Night Live (SNL) featuring cartoons created by SNL writer Robert Smigel. 101 "TV Funhouse" segments aired on SNL between 1996 and 2008, with one further segment airing in 2011. It also spawned a short-lived spinoff series, TV Funhouse, that aired on Comedy Central.
Rigelj
Rigelj (Slovene pronunciation: [ˈɾiːɡəl]) is a former settlement in the Municipality of Moravče in central Slovenia. It is now part of the village of Češnjice pri Moravčah. The area is part of the traditional region of Upper Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.

Municipality of Moravče
The Municipality of Moravče (pronounced [mɔˈɾaːu̯tʃɛ]; Slovene: Občina Moravče) is a municipality in the traditional region of Upper Carniola in central Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Moravče. Moravče became a municipality in 1994.
Tokirima
Tokirima is a valley and rural community, located west of Taumarunui and 19 kilometres (12 mi) south of Ōhura, in the Ruapehu District and Manawatū-Whanganui region of New Zealand's North Island. State Highway 43 and Stratford–Ōkahukura railway line pass through the valley, and Ōhura River passes nearby.

The name Tokirima translates as five (rima) adzes (Toki).

Manawatū–Whanganui
Manawatū-Whanganui ([manawaˈtʉː ˈˀwaŋanʉi]; spelled Manawatu-Wanganui prior to 2019) is a region in the lower half of the North Island of New Zealand, whose main population centres are the cities of Palmerston North and Whanganui. It is administered by the Manawatū-Whanganui Regional Council, which operates under the name Horizons Regional Council. The region covers over 22,000 square kilometres (13,670.166 mi), making it the sixth largest region by area in the country and is home to 261,100 residents.
Chifeng–Kazuo high-speed railway
The Chifeng–Kazuo high-speed railway (also referred to in Chinese as the Chika high-speed railway) is a double-track electrified railway connecting Chifeng, Inner Mongolia and Kazuo Station of the Beijing–Shenyang high-speed railway. The line passes through Harqin Zuoyi Mongol Autonomous County and Jianping County, both administered by Chaoyang City. It then passes into areas administered by Chifeng: Ningcheng County and Pingzhuang town of Yuanbaoshan District to the existing Chifeng station (formerly known as Chifeng West station) on the Beijing–Tongliao railway. The main line has a total length of 157 kilometres and the target design speed is 250 kilometres per hour. A connecting curve to the Beijing–Shenyang high-speed railway on the west side of Kazuo station to/from Beijing is proposed. The railway was built in the second half of 2016 and joint commissioning and testing began on April 1, 2020. It was officially opened for operation on June 30, 2020.

Kazuo railway station
Kazuo railway station (Chinese: 喀左站, Mongolian: ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨᠬᠠᠷᠠᠴᠢᠨᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡ) is a railway station of Jingshen Passenger Railway in Harqin Zuoyi Mongol Autonomous County, Chaoyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
Go (Pearl Jam song)
"Go" is a song by American rock band Pearl Jam, released in October 1993 as the first single from the band's second studio album, Vs. (1993). Although credited to all members of Pearl Jam, it features lyrics written by vocalist Eddie Vedder and music primarily written by drummer Dave Abbruzzese. The song peaked at number three on the US Billboard Album Rock Tracks chart and reached the top five in New Zealand and Norway. "Go" received a Grammy nomination for Best Hard Rock Performance at the 1995 Grammy Awards. The song was included on Pearl Jam's 2004 greatest hits album, rearviewmirror (Greatest Hits 1991–2003).

Rearviewmirror (Greatest Hits 1991–2003)
Rearviewmirror (Greatest Hits 1991–2003) is a two-disc compilation album by the American rock band Pearl Jam, released on November 16, 2004, through Epic Records. The album has been certified platinum by the RIAA in the United States. It was reissued in 2013 as The Essential Pearl Jam.
Lead climbing at the 2019 IFSC Climbing World Cup
Competition lead climbing at the 2019 IFSC Climbing World Cup was held over six stages at six different locations, from 4 July to 27 October 2019. The top three in each competition received medals, and at the end of the season, the overall winners were awarded trophies. The overall winners were determined based upon points, which athletes were awarded for finishing in the top 30 of each individual event. Adam Ondra won the men's seasonal title, Chaehyun Seo won the women's seasonal title, and Japan won the national team title.

Alberto Ginés
Alberto Ginés López (born 23 October 2002) is a Spanish professional rock climber, specializing in competition lead climbing and competition bouldering. He won gold at the first Olympic sport climbing event at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo in August 2021. He placed second in the 2019 Lead Climbing World Cup and won a silver medal at the 2019 Lead Climbing European Championship.
Liu Bei's takeover of Yi Province
Liu Bei's takeover of Yi Province was a military campaign by the warlord Liu Bei in taking control of Yi Province (covering present-day Sichuan and Chongqing) from the provincial governor, Liu Zhang. The campaign took place between the years 211 and 214 in the late Eastern Han dynasty; although the conflict between Liu Bei and Liu Zhang started in January or February 213 when the latter discovered the former secret communications and subsequently executed Zhang Song. It concluded with victory for Liu Bei and his successful takeover of the province from Liu Zhang in July 214. Yi Province (specifically, its capital of Chengdu and its nearby commanderies) would serve as the foundation of the state of Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms period.

Chronicles of Huayang
The Chronicles of Huayang or Huayang Guo Zhi (traditional Chinese: 華陽國志; simplified Chinese: 华阳国志; lit. 'Records of the Lands South of Mt. Hua') is the oldest extant gazetteer of a region of China. It was compiled by Chang Qu during the Jin dynasty. It contains roughly 110,000 characters. Its contents comprise history, geography and biographies of the Sichuan and Chongqing region. It was used by the Liu Song historian Pei Songzhi in his annotations to the Records of the Three Kingdoms, and by the Tang dynasty prince Li Xian when he wrote his commentaries on the Book of the Later Han.

The Chronicles of Huayang is also rendered in English as:

Annals of Huayang Country

Huayang National Annals

Records of the States South of Mount Hua

Annals of the Kingdoms South of Mount Hua

Hong Liangji said that Chronicles of Huayang is one of the oldest extant Chinese gazetteers, along with the Yue Jue Shu.
The Secret History of the Mongol Queens
The Secret History of the Mongol Queens: How the Daughters of Genghis Khan Rescued His Empire is a 2010 book by Jack Weatherford, about the impact and legacy of Genghis Khan's daughters and Mongol queens such as Mandukhai the Wise and Khutulun. The book references Mongolian, Central Asian, Persian, European and Chinese sources such as Altan Tobchi, Erdeni Tobchi, Erdenyin Tunamal Sudar, Tarikh-i-Rashidi, Tarikh-i Jahangushay-i Juvaini, and Ming shi in addition to various secondary sources in English, Mongolian, and German.

Weatherford also analyzes the role of Mongol women in the Mongol Empire and how they influenced the Mongol nation, modern Mongolia, and most of the modern world.

The book was translated into Mongolian, Chinese, Korean, Malaysian, Thai and Russian.

Chinese-American actress Joan Chen mentioned that she had read the book to prepare for her role as Chabi in the TV series Marco Polo.

Mirza Muhammad Haidar Dughlat
Mirza Muhammad Haidar Dughlat Beg (Persian: میرزا محمد حیدر دولت بیگ; c. 1499/1500 – 1551) was a Chagatai Turco-Mongol military general, governor of Kashmir, and a historian. He was a Mughal Dughlat prince who wrote in both Chaghatai and Persian languages. Haidar and Babur were first-degree cousins on their mother's side (they had the same grandfather Yunus Khan), both belonging to the line of Genghis Khan. Unlike Babur, Haidar considered himself more of an ethnic Mongol of Moghulistan.
The Mercury Mall
The Mercury Mall is an enclosed shopping centre in Romford town centre, in the London Borough of Havering, Greater London. It opened in June 1990 as Liberty 2. From 2006 to August 2010 it was owned by The Mall Fund and was known as The Mall Romford. It is—along with The Liberty and The Brewery—one of the three main shopping centres in Romford.

Town centre
A town centre is the commercial or geographical centre or core area of a town. Town centres are traditionally associated with shopping or retail. They are also the centre of communications with major public transport hubs such as train or bus stations. Public buildings including town halls, museums and libraries are often found in town centres.

Town centres are symbolic to settlements as a whole and often contain the best examples of architecture, main landmark buildings, statues and public spaces associated with a place.
Doerfler
Doerfler is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Christian Doerfler (1862–1934), Justice of the Wisconsin Supreme Court

John Francis Doerfler (born 1964), American Roman Catholic bishop

Leo Doerfler (1919–2004), American Audiologist

Leo Doerfler
Leo G. Doerfler (1919–2004) was the founder of the profession of audiology, the science of hearing and hearing disorders, in the early 1940s. He played a leading role in establishing professional bodies and educational standards for audiology practitioners.
James C. Russell
James C. Russell Sr., known as Jay Russell (November 4, 1928 – February 24, 2016), was an American politician who served in the Missouri House of Representatives. Russell was born in St. Louis and attended the University of Missouri in Columbia. A veteran of the United States Marine Corps, he owned BJ's Bar and Restaurant in Florissant in St. Louis County.

On June 11, 1955, he wed the former Delphie Mann in Pine Lawn, also in St. Louis County. There are two surviving children, including James Russell Jr. He was elected to the Missouri House in 1962. At various times because of redistricting, he represented Districts 1, 25, 58, and 75. He served as a Democrat until 1988. Russell died on February 24, 2016, having been diagnosed with skin cancer six months prior.

Missouri House of Representatives
The Missouri House of Representatives is the lower chamber of the Missouri General Assembly, the upper chamber being the Missouri Senate. It has 163 members, representing districts with an average size of 37,000 residents. House members are elected for two-year terms during general elections held in even-numbered years.

Missouri's house is the fourth largest in the United States even as the state ranks 18th in population. The only states with a larger lower house in the United States are New Hampshire (400), Pennsylvania (203), and Georgia (180). Republicans have controlled the State House since 2003.

The next election will be held in 2026.