hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
England (British postage stamps)
England was included in a set of special commemorative postage stamps issued by the Royal Mail in 2006 to celebrate the component nations in the United Kingdom. The stamps featuring England were the final part of the British Journey series, which had previously featured Scotland, Northern Ireland, and Wales.  They were available as mint stamps, as a presentation pack, stamps cards, and a first day cover.

Mint stamp
In philately, a mint stamp is one which is unused, has never been mounted and has the original gum, (if issued with gum). The term applies equally to postage stamps and revenue stamps.

In practice, the term is used within philately to refer to any stamp that appears to be unused with gum. It also includes those without gum but only when they have been issued without gum.

To avoid confusion the various states of mint can be distinguished in the abbreviations stated under "Variations".
Arthur Mourgue
Arthur Mourgue (born 2 May 1999) is a French professional rugby league footballer who plays as a scrum-half, stand-off and fullback for Hull Kingston Rovers in the Super League and France at international level.

He has previously played for Saint-Esteve in the Elite One Championship.

Saint-Estève XIII Catalan
Saint-Estève XIII Catalan are a semi-professional rugby league team based in Perpignan in the region of Pyrénées-Orientales in the south of France.

Founded in 2006 following the transfer of Catalans Dragons from the French to British rugby league system, the club plays in the Super XIII (the top tier rugby league competition in France), and effectively replaced Catalans Dragons in the French league, and thus is, in effect, Catalans Dragons reserves.

The club takes its name from  AS Saint-Estève and XIII Catalan, the two clubs that merged to form Catalans Dragons. They have won the league title once and the cup four times. Their current home stadium is the Stade Municipal and they are coached by Jerome Guisset
St. Nicholas' Church, Tsimlyansk
Saint Nicholas Church (Russian: Свято-Никольский храм) is an Orthodox church in the town of Tsimlyansk, Rostov Oblast, Russia. It is the church for the parish of Nicholas in Volgodonsk Diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church.

Rostov Oblast
Rostov Oblast (Russian: Росто́вская о́бласть, romanized: Rostovskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [rɐˈstofskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located in the Southern Federal District. The oblast has an area of 100,967 square kilometers (38,984 sq mi) and a population of 4,200,729 (2021 Census), making it the sixth most populous federal subject in Russia. Its administrative center is the city of Rostov-on-Don, which also became the administrative center of the Southern Federal District in 2002.
Data classification (business intelligence)
In business intelligence, data classification is "the construction of some kind of a method for making judgments for a continuing sequence of cases, where each new case must be assigned to one of pre-defined classes."

Data Classification has close ties to data clustering, but where data clustering is descriptive, data classification is predictive. In essence data classification consists of using variables with known values to predict the unknown or future values of other variables. It can be used in e.g. direct marketing, insurance fraud detection or medical diagnosis.

The first step in doing a data classification is to cluster the data set used for category training, to create the wanted number of categories. An algorithm, called the classifier, is then used on the categories, creating a descriptive model for each. These models can then be used to categorize new items in the created classification system.

Data type
In computer science and computer programming, a data type (or simply type) is a collection or grouping of data values, usually specified by a set of possible values, a set of allowed operations on these values, and/or a representation of these values as machine types. A data type specification in a program constrains the possible values that an expression, such as a variable or a function call, might take. On literal data, it tells the compiler or interpreter how the programmer intends to use the data. Most programming languages support basic data types of integer numbers (of varying sizes), floating-point numbers (which approximate real numbers), characters and Booleans.
Maurice Besnier
Maurice Besnier (29 September 1873, Paris – 4 March 1933, Caen) was a French historian, who specialised in ancient geography and topography.

Former member of the École française de Rome, he became the 34th professor of ancient history, epigraphy and archeology of the Faculté des Lettres de Caen. He was named as chair of ancient geography at the École pratique des hautes études in 1920, and in 1924 became a member of the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres. He contributed to the Pauly-Wissowa and to the Dictionnaire des Antiquités.

Pauly encyclopedias
The Pauly encyclopedias or the Pauly-Wissowa family of encyclopedias, are a set of related encyclopedias on Greco-Roman topics and scholarship. The first of these, Pauly's Real-Encyclopädie der Classischen Alterthumswissenschaft in Alphabetischer Ordnung or Ur-Pauly (1839–1852), was begun by compiler August Pauly. Other encyclopedias in the set include Pauly–Wissowa (1890–1978), Little Pauly (1964–1975), and The New Pauly (1996–2012).
Ward No. 1, Kolkata Municipal Corporation
Ward No. 1, Kolkata Municipal Corporation is an administrative division of Kolkata Municipal Corporation in Borough No. 1, covering parts of Cossipore neighbourhood in North Kolkata, in the Indian state of West Bengal.

North Kolkata
North Kolkata encompasses the northern part of Kolkata, including the city's oldest neighborhoods.

Notable areas within North Kolkata include Shyambazar, Bagbazar,  Girish Park, Kumartuli, Shobhabazar, Jorasanko, Pathuriaghata, Maniktala, Hatibagan, Kankurgachi, Ultadanga, Belgachia, Tala, Sinthee, Cossipore and Baranagar. Due to its rich cultural heritage, it is commonly referred to as "Babu Kolkata". This region is known for its old heritage buildings and temples, such as the Sovabazar Rajbari.

North Kolkata is home to several palatial structures, including Pathuriaghata Ghosh Bari, Laha Bari and Thakur Bari. This area also houses the main campuses of several universities, including the University of Calcutta, Presidency University, The Sanskrit College and University and Rabindra Bharati University.
Sukhoi Su-9 (1946)
The Sukhoi Su-9 (Russian: Самолёт K, lit. 'Aircraft K'; USAF/DoD designation: Type 8) was an early jet fighter built in the Soviet Union shortly after World War II. The design began in 1944 and was intended to use Soviet-designed turbojet engines. The design was heavily influenced by captured German jet fighters and it was subsequently redesigned to use a Soviet copy of a German turbojet. The Su-9 was slower than competing Soviet aircraft and it was cancelled as a result. A modified version with different engines and a revised wing became the Su-11 (Samolyot KL), but this did not enter production either. The Su-13 (Samolyot KT) was a proposal to re-engine the aircraft with Soviet copies of the Rolls-Royce Derwent turbojet as well as to modify it for night fighting, but neither proposal was accepted.

Nudelman-Suranov NS-23
The NS-23 was a 23 mm (0.91 in) aircraft cannon designed by A. E. Nudelman, A. Suranov, G. Zhirnykh, V. Nemenov, S. Lunin, and M. Bundin during World War II as a replacement for the Volkov-Yartsev VYa-23 cannon. It entered service in 1944. The NS-23 round was derived from the 14.5×114mm anti-tank round by necking it out to 23 mm.

A synchronized version, designated NS-23S (for synchronized), was used for fixed installations firing through the propeller arc.

Applications of the NS-23 included the Antonov An-2, Ilyushin Il-10, Ilyushin Il-22, Lavochkin La-9, La-15, MiG-9, Yak-9UT, Yak-15, Yak-17, Yak-23, and Tu-4. Some early MiG-15s were also equipped with the NS-23.

The NS-23 was replaced in service by the Nudelman-Rikhter NR-23 around 1949.
Dinakdakan
Dinakdakan also known as warek-warek, is a tangy and creamy Filipino dish made from chopped pork—commonly jowls, neck, snout, ears, innards, and traditionally pig’s brain—that is grilled or boiled, then marinated and seasoned with vinegar or citrus juice, typically calamansi. Originating from the Ilocos Region, it is commonly served as pulutan (food eaten with alcoholic beverages) and is sometimes eaten with rice.

The main ingredients of dinakdakan include vinegar (sukang-Iloko), calamansi, chilies, onions or shallots, minced ginger, and salt and pepper. The dish is often compared to sisig, another Filipino pork dish; however, unlike sisig, dinakdakan usually features larger, less finely chopped pieces of meat and traditionally includes mashed pig’s brain as a creamy component, with mayonnaise commonly used as a modern substitute.

Calamansi
Calamansi (Citrus × microcarpa), also known as calamondin, Philippine lime, or Philippine lemon, is a citrus hybrid cultivated predominantly in the Philippines. It is native to the Philippines, parts of Indonesia (Borneo, Sumatra, and Sulawesi), Malaysia, and Brunei, as well as Taiwan, and parts of southern China.

Calamansi is ubiquitous in traditional Philippine cuisine.  It is naturally very sour, and is used in various condiments, beverages, dishes, marinades, and preserves. Calamansi is also used as an ingredient in Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines.

Calamansi is a hybrid between kumquat (formerly considered as belonging to a separate genus Fortunella) and another species of Citrus (in this case probably the mandarin orange).
2018 Calderdale Metropolitan Borough Council election
The 2018 Calderdale Metropolitan Borough Council election took place on 3 May 2018 to elect members of Calderdale Metropolitan Borough Council in England. This was on the same day as other local elections. One councillor was elected in each ward for a four-year term so the councillors elected in 2018 last stood for election in 2014. Each ward is represented by three councillors, the election of which is staggered, so only one third of the councillors were elected in this election. Before the election there was no overall control with a minority Labour administration. Following the election Labour, having gained one councillor, was still two councillors away from a majority so it remained no overall control.

Independent Conservative Councillor Mike Payne of Sowerby Bridge Ward, who was suspended from the Conservative Party in April 2018, was reinstated into the party during this election cycle.

Calderdale Metropolitan Borough Council
Calderdale Metropolitan Borough Council, also known as Calderdale Council, is the local authority for the Metropolitan Borough of Calderdale in West Yorkshire, England. It is a metropolitan borough council and provides the majority of local government services in the borough. Since 2014 the council has been a constituent member of the West Yorkshire Combined Authority.

The council has been under Labour majority control since 2019. It is based at Halifax Town Hall.
WWE 2K23
WWE 2K23 is a 2023 professional wrestling sports video game developed by Visual Concepts and published by 2K. It is the twenty-third overall installment of the video game series based on WWE, the ninth game under the WWE 2K banner, and the successor to WWE 2K22. It was released on March 14, 2023, for PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Windows, Xbox One, and Xbox Series X/S.

WWE 2K23 received generally favorable reviews upon release, and it is the highest-rated professional wrestling video game since WWE '13. The follow-up title, WWE 2K24, was released on March 8, 2024. The online servers for WWE 2K23 were shut down on January 6, 2025.

Visual Concepts
Visual Concepts Entertainment is an American video game developer based in Novato, California. Founded in May 1988, the company is best known for developing sports games in the 2K franchise, most recently NBA 2K and WWE 2K, and previously NFL 2K. Visual Concepts was acquired by Sega in May 1999 and sold to Take-Two Interactive in January 2005. The acquisition of the company led Take-Two Interactive to open their 2K label which Visual Concepts became part of, on the day following the acquisition. As of December 2018, the company employs more than 350 people.
Third government of Miguel Ángel Revilla
The third Revilla government was a regional government of Cantabria led by President Miguel Ángel Revilla. It was formed in July 2015 after the regional election and ended in July 2019 following the regional election.

2015 Cantabrian regional election
The 2015 Cantabrian regional election was held on Sunday, 24 May 2015, to elect the 9th Parliament of the autonomous community of Cantabria. All 35 seats in the Parliament were up for election. It was held concurrently with regional elections in 12 other autonomous communities and local elections all throughout Spain.
Citistore
Citistore (Hong Kong) Limited (Chinese: 千色(香港)有限公司) or Citistore (Chinese: 千色Citistore) is a department store company in Hong Kong. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of Henderson Land Development, a flagship enterprise owned by Dr. Lee Shau Kee. Established in 1989, it has branches in Tsuen Wan, Yuen Long, Ma On Shan, Tseung Kwan O and Tuen Mun. The main customers of Citistore are young people in middle income group.

While Henderson Land Development Co. witnessed a gain of 1.9 percent on Sep 2014. The company has plans of selling the Citistore retail franchise.

Tsuen Wan Citistore Branch

Yuen Long Citistore Branch

Ma On Shan Citistore Branch

Tseung Kwan O Citistore Branch

Tuen Mun Citistore Branch

Tsuen Wan
Tsuen Wan (formerly also spelled Tsun Wan) is a town built on a bay in the western New Territories of Hong Kong, opposite Tsing Yi Island across Rambler Channel. The market town of Tsuen Wan emerged from the surrounding villages and fleets of fishing boats in the area. The modern city is centered the Tsuen Wan station of the MTR. Its coastline was further extended through land reclamation.
David Otis Fuller
David Otis Fuller (November 20, 1903 – February 21, 1988) was an American Baptist pastor. He was a graduate of Wheaton College in Wheaton, Illinois and Princeton Theological Seminary.He pastored Chelsea Baptist Church in Atlantic City, New Jersey and the Wealthy Street Baptist Church in Grand Rapids, Michigan.

Wheaton, Illinois
Wheaton is a city in and the county seat of DuPage County, Illinois, United States. It is located in Milton and Winfield Townships, approximately 25 miles (40 km) west of Chicago. As of the 2020 census, Wheaton's population was 53,970, making it the 27th-most populous municipality in the state.
Santa Marta Lighthouse
The Santa Marta Lighthouse is situated to the south of the centre of Cascais, Lisbon District, Portugal, on the estuary of the River Tagus, providing a light for the Cascais Bay and for the town's new marina. It is a quadrangular masonry tower covered with white tiles, with blue horizontal stripes and a red lantern. The lighthouse was built on the grounds of the Santa Marta Fort, which now houses a lighthouse museum.

Lisbon District
Lisbon (Portuguese: Lisboa) is a district located along the western coast of Portugal.  The district capital is the city of Lisbon, which is also the national capital. From its creation in 1835 until 1926, it included the area of the current Setúbal District.
Daff Dome
Daff Dome or DAFF Dome is a prominent 800 feet (243.8 m) granite dome in Yosemite National Park, 3 miles (4.8 km) west of Tuolumne Meadows and 1,700 feet (0.5 km) from the Tioga Road. It is southeast of Doda Dome, and is near both West Cottage Dome and East Cottage Dome; it is also near Lamb Dome. Since the dome was never officially named, the DAFF Dome name was adopted in the 1960s as an acronym of "Dome Across From Fairview" Dome.

Granite dome
Granite domes are domical hills composed of granite with bare rock exposed over most of the surface. Generally, domical features such as these are known as bornhardts. Bornhardts can form in any type of plutonic rock but are typically composed of granite and granitic gneiss. As granitic plutons cool kilometers below the Earth's surface, minerals in the rock crystallize under uniform confining pressure. Erosion brings the rock closer to Earth's surface and the pressure from above the rock decreases; as a result the rock fractures. These fractures are known as exfoliation joints, or sheet fractures, and form in onionlike patterns that are parallel to the land surface. These sheets of rock peel off the exposed surface and in certain conditions develop domical structures. Additional theories on the origin of granite domes involve scarp-retreat and tectonic uplift.
Coeur d'Alene River Wildlife Management Area
Coeur d'Alene River Wildlife Management Area at 5,799 acres (23.47 km2) is an Idaho wildlife management area primarily in Kooteani County, but also in Benewah County. The majority of the WMA is located in the Thompson Lake Segment along the Coeur d'Alene River, but portions are also located along the St. Joe River in the upper sections of Lake Coeur d'Alene near Heyburn State Park. Land acquisition for the WMA began in 1964.

The WMA is managed for migratory and resident waterfowl and was created to enhance waterfowl habitat and production. Ruffed grouse, American coots, and snowshoe hare are found in the WMA, among other wildlife. Part of the Trail of the Coeur d'Alenes travels through the WMA.

Lake Coeur d'Alene
Coeur d'Alene Lake ( /ˌkɔːr dəˈleɪn/ KOR də-LAYN), is a natural dam-controlled lake in North Idaho, located in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. At its northern end is the city of Coeur d'Alene. It spans 25 miles (40 km) in length and ranges from 1 to 3 miles (5 km) wide with over 109 miles (175 km) of shoreline.

The lake was named after the Coeur d'Alene people.
Halim (album)
Halim (Arabic: حليم) is the second solo album by the Belgian world music singer Natacha Atlas. It was released by Nation Records in 1997. The album was primarily produced by Transglobal Underground and John Reynolds.

The album is dedicated to Egyptian singer Abdel Halim Hafez, whose "music meant everything" to her.

Transglobal Underground
Transglobal Underground (sometimes written as Trans-Global Underground) is an English folk rock music group, specializing in a fusion of western, Asian and African music styles (sometimes labelled world fusion and ethno techno).  Their first four albums featured Natacha Atlas as lead singer, and their single "Temple Head" was used in a Coca-Cola advertising campaign for the 1996 Olympic Games. In 2008 they won the BBC Radio 3 Award for World Music after the release of their seventh official album, Moonshout. Their most recent release is 2020's Walls Have Ears, marking Atlas' return as a guest with the group. Their work has been described as "a collision of tradition and innovation."
X Factor (Romanian TV series) season 3
X Factor is a Romanian television music competition that aims to find a new music talent to become a star. The third season began airing on 23 September 2013 on Antena 1. The winner will receive a prize of €120,000 (decreased from €200,000 last season).

This season has the slogan "Muzică și suflet" ("Music and soul").

The hosts are the same as in the first and second season: Răzvan Simion and Dani Oțil, who are also known for hosting a well-known morning show on Antena 1. Dan Bittman, Delia Matache and Cheloo have returned as judges for the third season.

The registration started for the third season in June 2013. Antena 1 made changes on the list for the audition cities: Craiova was dropped, Arad and Bucharest were added.

On December 22, 2013, the season was won by Florin Ristei, mentored by Matache. Alex Mațaev, mentored also by Matache finished in second place.

Antena 1 (Romania)
Antena 1 (Romanian pronunciation: [anˈtena ˈunu]) is a Romanian free-to-air television network owned by the Antena TV Group, part of the Intact Media Group. Its programming consists of television news programs, soap opera shows, football matches, entertainment programmes, movies and television series.

Antena 1's headquarters was seized by the Romanian state on 8 August 2014, due to a judicial sentence against Dan Voiculescu, the founder of Intact Media Group. The building may be sold in order for the state to recuperate the loss brought to it as a result of the fraudulent privatization of the Institute for Alimentary Research in 2003. After company employees destroyed the interior of the building whilst moving out, the building required refurbishment before being placed on sale. The National Agency for the Management of Seized Assets (ANABI) has placed the building for sale on its website.
The Great Misdirect
The Great Misdirect is the fifth studio album by the American progressive metal band Between the Buried and Me. It was released on October 27, 2009 through Victory Records and was produced by Jamie King. Despite containing only six tracks, the album reaches nearly an hour in total time length. The album contains their longest song, "Swim to the Moon", which surpasses 17 minutes. Frontman Tommy Giles Rogers described The Great Misdirect as "some of the best material we've ever created."

Victory Records
Victory Records was a Chicago-based record label founded by Tony Brummel. It operates a music publishing company called "Another Victory, Inc." and is the distributor of several record labels. It has featured many prominent artists including Thursday, Hawthorne Heights, Silverstein, Taking Back Sunday, Bayside, Streetlight Manifesto, and A Day to Remember.

In September 2019, years after acquiring a portion of the label's catalogue, Concord acquired Victory Records and Another Victory for $30 million. Craft Recordings has been managing Victory Record's catalog since Concord acquired the label. Victory has not signed any new bands or released any new records since its acquisition. The label now operates solely as the distributor of the label's alumni, in addition to reissues.

Victory's catalogue includes 4,500 master recordings and 3,500 compositions through its publisher Another Victory.
Shel Dorf
Sheldon "Shel" Dorf (July 5, 1933 – November 3, 2009) was an American comic book enthusiast and the founder of San Diego Comic-Con. Dorf was also a freelance artist and graphic designer, who lettered the Steve Canyon comic strip for the last 12 to 14 years of the strip's run.

Steve Canyon
Steve Canyon is an American action-adventure comic strip by cartoonist Milton Caniff. Launched shortly after Caniff retired from his previous strip, Terry and the Pirates, Steve Canyon ran from January 13, 1947, until June 4, 1988. It ended shortly after Caniff's death. Caniff won the Reuben Award for the strip in 1971.
Anquetil
Anquetil is a Norman surname, former first name, from Old Norse Ásketill, combination of as "god" (see ōs) and ketill "cauldron" (see kettle). Notable people with the surname include:

Abraham Hyacinthe Anquetil-Duperron (1731–1805), French orientalist, brother of Louis-Pierre

Emmanuel Anquetil, Mauritian politician

Jacques Anquetil (1934–1987), French road racing cyclist

Louis-Pierre Anquetil (1723–1808), French historian

Grégory Anquetil (born1970), French handball player

Stéphanie Anquetil, Mauritian politician

Jacques Anquetil
Jacques Anquetil (pronounced [ʒak ɑ̃k.til]; 8 January 1934 – 18 November 1987) was a French road racing cyclist and the first cyclist to win the  Tour de France five times, in 1957 and from 1961 to 1964.

He stated before the 1961 Tour that he would gain the yellow jersey on day one and wear it all through the tour, a tall order with two previous winners in the field—Charly Gaul and Federico Bahamontes—but he did it. His victories in stage races such as the Tour were built on an exceptional ability to ride alone against the clock in individual time trial stages, which lent him the name "Monsieur Chrono".

He won eight Grand Tours in his career, which was a record when he retired and was surpassed only by Eddy Merckx and Bernard Hinault.