hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Raja Shahid Zafar
Raja Shahid Zafar is a Pakistani politician and was elected twice as the member of the National Assembly of Pakistan from 1985 to 1988 and 1988 to 1990. He also served as a minister of state for production and industries.

He was educated at Gordon College, Rawalpindi.

Government Gordon College
Government Gordon College, Rawalpindi is a government college in Rawalpindi, Pakistan, that was established as a church school in 1893. The college is named after Andrew Gordon.

The college year is made up of an annual system: examination are held once every year. Enrollment at Gordon College is in thousands of students, with around hundreds living on campus. The campus has many buildings, which include a large stadium (used for hockey, football and cricket), basketball court, tennis courts, and badminton court. The college has a large and historic auditorium. The college includes a great library with thousands of new and old books, which also includes a shelf where all books are gifted from the American Embassy, besides this,  it also has an old museum prototype. Now with new reforms, this college developed its BS education level and made it co-education which can serve for both males and females.
Nagnath Naikwadi
Nagnath Naikwadi (1922–2012), popularly known as Krantiveer Nagnath anna, was an Indian independence activist, social worker, politician and educationist, known for his revolutionary activism during the Indian independence struggle. He was an associate of Nana Patil during the Quit India movement and together they established Prati Sarkar, a parallel government, in Satara-Sangli region of Maharashtra and indulged in armed struggle against the British. After the Indian independence, he was involved in electoral politics and was a member of the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly, representing Sangli. The Government of India awarded him the third highest civilian honour of the Padma Bhushan, in 2009, for his contributions to Indian society.

Maharashtra Legislative Assembly
The Maharashtra Legislative Assembly (ISO: Mahārāṣṭra Vidhānasabhā) is the lower house of the bicameral legislature of Maharashtra state in western India. It consists of 288 members directly elected from single-seat constituencies. The Assembly meets at Vidhan Bhavan in Mumbai, though the winter session is held in Nagpur. Along with the Maharashtra Legislative Council, it constitutes the legislature of Maharashtra. The presiding officer of the Assembly is the Speaker. Members of the Assembly are directly elected by the people of Maharashtra through elections held every five years, unless the Assembly is dissolved earlier. The current Assembly was elected in November 2024.
Music librarianship
Music librarianship is the area of librarianship that pertains to music collections and their development, cataloging, preservation and maintenance, as well as reference issues connected with musical works and music literature. Music librarians often have degrees in both music and librarianship (typically, a Master of Library and Information Science and at least a college-level music degree). Music librarians deal with standard librarianship duties such as cataloging and reference, which become more complicated when music scores and recordings are involved. Therefore, music librarians generally read music and have at least a basic understanding of both music theory and music history to aid in their duties.

Preservation (library and archive)
In conservation, library and archival science, preservation is a set of preventive conservation activities aimed at prolonging the life of a record, book, or object while making as few changes as possible. Preservation activities vary widely and may include monitoring the condition of items, maintaining the temperature and humidity in collection storage areas, writing a plan in case of emergencies, digitizing items, writing relevant metadata, and increasing accessibility. Preservation, in this definition, is practiced in a library or an archive by a conservator, librarian, archivist, or other professional when they perceive a collection or record is in need of maintenance.

Preservation should be distinguished from interventive conservation and restoration, which refers to the treatment and repair of individual items to slow the process of decay, or restore them to a usable state. "Preventive conservation" is used interchangeably with "preservation".
Constantin Bosianu
Constantin Bosianu (Romanian pronunciation: [konstanˈtin bosiˈanu]; 10 February 1815 – 21 March 1882) was a Romanian jurist and politician, an honorary member of the Romanian Academy, and Prime Minister of Romania from 26 January to 14 June 1865. He was the first dean of the University of Bucharest's Faculty of Law.

He was an acting MP at the same time as he served as Dean of the Ilfov County Bar (1871–1873). By the end of his life, Bosianu served as an acting Mayor of Bucharest for two weeks in December 1878, and between 29 May and 15 November 1879, Constantin Bosianu was elected the President of the Senate.

Romanian Academy
The Romanian Academy (Romanian: Academia Română [akadeˈmi.a roˈmɨnə]) is a cultural forum founded in Bucharest, Romania, in 1866. It covers the scientific, artistic and literary domains. The academy has 181 active members who are elected for life.

According to its bylaws, the academy's main goals are the cultivation of Romanian language and Romanian literature, the study of the national history of Romania and research into major scientific domains. Some of the academy's fundamental projects are the Romanian language dictionary (Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române), the dictionary of Romanian literature, and the treatise on the history of the Romanian people.
Beatton Provincial Park
Beatton Provincial Park is a provincial park in the Peace River Country of northeastern British Columbia, Canada. It is located on the Eastern shores of Charlie Lake approximately sixteen kilometers (9.9 mi) from Fort St John, British Columbia. The 320-hectare (790-acre) provincial park offers facilities that include vehicle accessible camping, boat launch, drinking water, picnic area, pit toilets,  playground and a large trail system. The provincial campground only operates between May and September, but the park trail system is open year-round.
The park's large trail network is maintained by the Whiskey Jack Nordic Ski Club and is used for cross-country skiing and snowshoeing in the winter and hiking in the summer. There are over 20 km (12 mi) of groomed cross-country ski trails designed for beginner, intermediate and advanced skiers and a toboggan hill located near the parking at the main gate.

Snowshoe
Snowshoes are specialized outdoor gear for walking over snow. Their large footprint spreads the user's weight out and allows them to travel largely on top of rather than through snow. Adjustable bindings attach them to appropriate winter footwear.

Traditional snowshoes have a hardwood frame filled in with rawhide latticework. Modern snowshoes are made of lightweight metal, plastic, and other synthetic materials.

In the past, snowshoes were essential equipment for anyone dependent on travel in deep and frequent snowfall, such as  fur trappers. They retain that role in areas where motorized vehicles cannot reach or are inconvenient to use. However, their greatest contemporary use is for recreation.
Irina von Wiese
Irina Stephanie von Wiese und Kaiserswaldau (born 11 September 1967) is a British politician, who was a Liberal Democrat Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for London between 2019 and the United Kingdom's withdrawal from the EU.

London (European Parliament constituency)
London was a constituency of the European Parliament from 1999 until the UK exit from the European Union on 31 January 2020.

Between 2009 and 2020, it returned eight MEPs, using the D'Hondt method of party-list proportional representation.
HMS Niobe (1897)
HMS Niobe was a ship of the Diadem class of protected cruisers in the Royal Navy. She served in the Boer War and was then given to Canada as the second ship of the newly created Naval Service of Canada as HMCS Niobe. The Naval Service of Canada became the Royal Canadian Navy in August 1911. The ship was nearly lost when she went aground off Cape Sable Island, Nova Scotia overnight 30–31 July 1911. Repairs were completed at the end of 1912 and the ship returned to service in late 1914. During the First World War, Niobe patrolled the approaches to the St. Lawrence River and then joined the Royal Navy's 4th Cruiser Squadron to patrol off New York City. The cruiser returned to Halifax, Nova Scotia on 17 July 1915 and never put to sea again. Niobe was paid off in September and served as a depot ship in Halifax. Damaged in the 1917 Halifax Explosion, she was sold for scrap and broken up in the 1920s.

Depot ship
A depot ship is an auxiliary ship used as a mobile or fixed base for submarines, destroyers, minesweepers, fast attack craft, landing craft, or other small ships with similarly limited space for maintenance equipment and crew dining, berthing and relaxation. Depot ships may be identified as tenders in American English. Depot ships may be specifically designed for their purpose or be converted from another purpose.
Battle of Mount Csindrel
The Battle of Mount Csindrel was a World War I military engagement between German and Romanian forces. It was part of the 1916 Battle of Transylvania and resulted in a tactical victory for the Romanians.

Jina, Sibiu
Jina (German: Sinna; Hungarian: Zsinna) is a commune in Sibiu County, Transylvania, Romania, in the Cindrel Mountains, 44 km (27 mi) west of the county seat, Sibiu, in the Mărginimea Sibiului ethnographic area. It is composed of a single village, Jina.

The commune is located in the southwestern part of Sibiu County; it borders Alba County to the west and Vâlcea County to the south. Close-by towns are Sebeș at 38 km (24 mi), Săliște at 24 km (15 mi), and Miercurea Sibiului at 20 km (12 mi). Jina is crossed by county road DJ106E, which branches off national road DN1 in Cristian and joins the Transalpina road (DN67C) in Șugag.
The Day We Caught the Train
"The Day We Caught the Train" is a song by British rock band Ocean Colour Scene. The song was released on 3 June 1996 as the third single from their second studio album, Moseley Shoals (1996), and reached number four on the UK Singles Chart, achieving platinum status for sales and streams exceeding 600,000. The single was also released as an acoustic alternative on a second CD, with additional B-sides including "Justine", which is a re-recording that had originally appeared on Ocean Colour Scene, and "Travellers Tune", which was included on the band's third album, Marchin' Already.

Ocean Colour Scene
Ocean Colour Scene (often abbreviated to OCS) is an English rock band formed in Birmingham in 1989. They have had five top 10 albums, including a number one in 1997. They have also achieved seventeen top 40 singles and six top 10 singles to date.
Plantago hookeriana
Plantago hookeriana, commonly called Hookers plantain, is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family (Plantaginaceae). It is native to Texas and Louisiana in the United States. It is typically found in disturbed sandy areas.

This species is an annual herb growing from a taproot. The leaves are linear or lance-shaped and may reach 30 centimeters (12 in) long, but are usually smaller. The inflorescence is a narrow spike up to 12 centimeters (4.7 in) long. Each small flower has whitish corolla lobes with brown spots or stripes. It flowers in the spring.

This species is planted to provide a forage and to revegetate wildlife habitat and rangeland. The seed provides food for many types of game birds and the foliage is consumed by several types of animals, such as deer.

The Latin specific epithet hookeriana refers to William Jackson Hooker.

Plantaginaceae
Plantaginaceae, the plantain family or veronica family, is a large, diverse family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales that includes common flowers such as snapdragon and foxglove. It is unrelated to the banana-like fruit also called "plantain". In older classifications, Plantaginaceae was the only family of the order Plantaginales, but numerous phylogenetic studies, summarized by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, have demonstrated that this taxon should be included within Lamiales.
Ussing chamber
An Ussing chamber is an apparatus for measuring epithelial membrane properties. It can detect and quantify transport and barrier functions of living tissue. The Ussing chamber was invented by the Danish zoologist and physiologist Hans Henriksen Ussing in 1946.

The technique is used to measure the short-circuit current as an indicator of net ion transport taking place across an epithelium. Ussing chambers are used to measure ion transport in native tissue, such as gut mucosa, and in a monolayer of cells grown on permeable supports.

Mucous membrane
A mucous membrane or mucosa is a membrane that lines various cavities in the body of an organism and covers the surface of internal organs. It consists of one or more layers of epithelial cells overlying a layer of loose connective tissue known as the lamina propria. It is mostly of endodermal origin and is continuous with the skin at body openings such as the eyes, eyelids, ears, inside the nose, inside the mouth, lips, the genital areas, the urethral opening and the anus. Some mucous membranes secrete mucus, a thick protective fluid. The function of the membrane is to stop pathogens and dirt from entering the body and to prevent bodily tissues from becoming dehydrated.

Amphibians, fish, snails, slugs, and some other invertebrates also produce external mucus from their epidermis as protection against pathogens, to help in movement, and to line fish gills. Plants produce a similar substance called mucilage that is also produced by some microorganisms.
Strâmba (Mureș)
The Strâmba (Hungarian: Tekerő-patak, meaning "Worming Creek") is a right tributary of the river Mureș in Transylvania, Romania. It discharges into the Mureș in Suseni. Its length is 14 km (8.7 mi) and its basin size is 24 km2 (9.3 sq mi).

Suseni, Harghita
Suseni (Hungarian: Gyergyóújfalu, Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈɟɛrɟoːuːjfɒlu]) is a commune in Harghita County, Romania. It lies in the Székely Land, an ethno-cultural region in eastern Transylvania. It is composed of five villages: Chileni (Kilyénfalva), Liban (Libántelep), Senetea (Szenete), Suseni, and Valea Strâmbă (Tekerőpatak).

The commune is situated in the foothills of the Harghita Mountains, at an altitude of 746 m (2,448 ft). It is located in the central part of the county, just south of Gheorgheni, and 46 km (29 mi) northwest of the county seat, Miercurea Ciuc.
Peng Lin (water polo)
Peng Lin (彭林; born 4 April 1995) is a water polo player for China.

She was part of the Chinese team at the 2015 World Aquatics Championships, the 2016 FINA Women's Water Polo World League, the 2016 Summer Olympics, and the 2017 World Aquatics Championships.

2016 FINA Women's Water Polo World League
The 2016 FINA Women's Water Polo World League was the 13th edition of the annual women's international water polo tournament. It was played between November 2015 and June 2016 and open to all women's water polo national teams. After participating in a preliminary round, eight teams qualify to play in a final tournament, called the Super Final in Shanghai, China from 07–12 June 2016.

In the world league, there are specific rules that do not allow matches to end in a draw.  If teams are level at the end of the 4th quarter of any world league match, the match will be decided by a penalty shootout. Teams earn points in the standings in group matches as follows:

Match won in normal time - 3 points

Match won in shootout - 2 points

Match lost in shootout - 1 point

Match lost in normal time - 0 points
Ismat Gayibov Stadium
Ismat Gayibov Stadium, also referred as Bakikhanov Stadium, is a multi-use stadium in the Bakikhanov settlement of Baku, Azerbaijan. It is named in honor of Ismat Gayibov (1942–1991). It is used mostly for football matches. In February 2011, the president of Neftchi Baku football club Sadyg Sadygov announced that in domestic competitions Neftchi will host the rivals in Ismat Gayibov Stadium beginning in the 2011–2012 season. The stadium is named for Ismat Gayibov, who was the Public Prosecutor General of Azerbaijan when he died in the 1991 Azerbaijani Mil Mi-8 shootdown.

1991 Azerbaijani Mil Mi-8 shootdown
On November 20, 1991, an Azerbaijani Mil Mi-8 military helicopter, carrying a peacekeeping mission team consisting of 13 Azerbaijani government officials, two Russian and one Kazakhstani Ministry of Internal Affairs officials, three Azerbaijani journalists and three helicopter crew was shot down amidst heavy fighting near the village of Berdashen, also known as Karakend, in Nagorno-Karabakh. All 22 people (19 passengers and three crew) on board were killed in the crash.  The incident is known in Azerbaijan as the ''Karakend tragedy''.
Xanthis
In Greek mythology, Xanthis (Ancient Greek: Ξανθίς) was a Thespian princess as one of the 50 daughters of King Thespius and Megamede, daughter of Arneus (or by one of his many wives). She bore Homolippus to the hero Heracles.

Megamede
In Greek mythology, Megamede (Ancient Greek: Μεγαμήδη) was the daughter of Arneus who became the wife of King Thespius of Thespiae and mothered his 50 daughters who consorted with Heracles. Otherwise, these maidens were born from numerous concubines of Thespius.
Homaloxestis xylotripta
Homaloxestis xylotripta is a moth in the family Lecithoceridae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1918. It is found in north-western India and northern Vietnam.

The wingspan is 15–16 mm. The forewings are light fuscous and the hindwings are light greyish.

Lecithoceridae
The Lecithoceridae, or long-horned moths, are a family of small moths described by Simon Le Marchand in 1947. Although lecithocerids are found throughout the world, the great majority are found in the Indomalayan realm and the southern part of the Palaearctic realm.
Gaius Ummidius Quadratus Sertorius Severus
Gaius Ummidius Quadratus Sertorius Severus was a Roman senator active during the second century AD. He was suffect consul in absentia for the nundinium of May to June 118 as the colleague of the emperor Hadrian. He is more frequently known by his shorter name, Gaius Ummidius Quadratus; his full name was known only after a missing piece to an inscription from Tomis was found.

Ronald Syme
Sir Ronald Syme, OM, FBA (11 March 1903 – 4 September 1989) was a New Zealand-born historian and classicist. He was regarded as the greatest historian of ancient Rome since Theodor Mommsen and the most brilliant exponent of the history of the Roman Empire since Edward Gibbon. His great work was The Roman Revolution (1939), a masterly and controversial analysis of political life in the Roman Republic following the assassination of Julius Caesar, offering critical views about Octavian in particular that challenged widely accepted views in contemporary academia.
Indiana Adjutant General
The Adjutant General of Indiana is the commander of the Indiana National Guard, the Indiana Guard Reserve, and, when active, the Indiana Naval Militia.  The Adjutant General (or 'TAG') is responsible for all state, non-federalized military and reports directly to the Governor of Indiana.  Indiana's TAG is appointed by the governor and serves a term concurrent with the governor.  The Adjutant General must hold a rank of Brigadier General (BG) or higher.

There have been 56 men who served as Adjutant General in Indiana; 3 have served nonconsecutive terms, bringing the total number of terms to 59.

State adjutant general
Each state in the United States has a senior military officer, as the state adjutant general, who is the de facto commander of a state's military forces, including the National Guard residing within the state, the state's naval militia, and any state defense forces. This officer is known as TAG (The Adjutant General), and is subordinated to the chief executive (generally the state's governor). They do not have authority over police forces, only military forces.
Li Jingxun
Li Jingxun (Chinese: 李靜訓, Lĭ Jìngxùn, also 李小孩, Lĭ Xiǎohái, 600-608 CE) was a 9-year-old princess of the Sui dynasty when she died in 608 CE. Her stone sarcophagus was found undisturbed in 1957 near the Old City in Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China, at that time named Daxing (大興, "Great Prosperity") as the capital of the Sui dynasty.

Northern Zhou
Zhou (/dʒoʊ/), known in historiography as the Northern Zhou (Chinese: 北周; pinyin: Běi Zhōu), was a Xianbei-led dynasty of China (founded by member of Yuwen tribe of Xiongnu origin) that lasted from 557 to 581 AD. One of the Northern dynasties of China's Northern and Southern dynasties period, it succeeded the Western Wei dynasty and was eventually overthrown by the Sui dynasty.
1997 German Formula Three Championship
The 1997 German Formula Three Championship (German: 1997 Deutsche Formel-3-Meisterschaft) was the 23rd edition of the German Formula Three Championship. It commenced on 26 April 1997 and ended on 15 October. Opel Team BSR driver Nick Heidfeld won the championship title after a title battle with Benetton RTL Junior's Timo Scheider.

German Formula Three Championship
The German Formula Three Championship was the national Formula Three championship of Germany, and the former West Germany, from 1950 to 2002, then as Formel 3 until 2014. In 2003, the series merged with the French Formula Three Championship to form the Formula 3 Euro Series. The lower-level series, the ATS Formel 3 Cup, subsequently operated in Germany, but it folded after the end of the 2014 season. Since the late 1980s, the list of German F3 champions has included many notable drivers, including Formula One World Champion Michael Schumacher and nine-time Le Mans winner Tom Kristensen.
Siege of Scylla
The first siege of Scylla (Scilla) in Calabria took place from 12 to 24 July 1806 during the British expedition to Sicily to oppose the French invasion of Naples.

Scylla Castle held out until 24 July when its 231-man garrison from the 23rd Light surrendered to Colonel Oswald's 2,600 soldiers. Oswald's command consisted of the 10th Foot, 21st Foot, and the Chasseurs Britanniques. The British garrisoned the fort, and intended to use the defensive position as an advanced post to the army in Sicily. However, the French retook the castle in a second siege in February 1808, and the British force was evacuated by sea.

Sidney Smith (Royal Navy officer)
Admiral Sir William Sidney Smith (21 June 1764 – 26 May 1840) was a British naval officer and politician. Serving in the American War of Independence and French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, he rose to the rank of admiral in the Royal Navy. Smith was known for his outspoken character and penchant for acting on his own initiative, which caused a great deal of friction with many of his superiors and colleagues.

His military skill, personal intelligence and enterprise led to his involvement in a variety of tasks which involved warfare, diplomacy and espionage. He became a hero in Britain for leading the successful defence of Acre in 1799, thwarting Napoleon's plans of further conquest in the Sinai. Napoleon Bonaparte, reminiscing later in his life, said of him: "That man made me miss my destiny".
Petr Hruška (canoeist)
Petr Hruška (born 30 August 1971 in Uherské Hradiště) is a Czech sprint canoeist who competed for Czechoslovakia and the Czech Republic in the early to mid-1990s. Competing in two Summer Olympics, he earned is best finish of seventh in the K-2 1000 m event for Czechoslovakia at Barcelona in 1992.

Uherské Hradiště
Uherské Hradiště (Czech pronunciation: [ˈuɦɛrskɛː ˈɦraɟɪʃcɛ]; German: Ungarisch Hradisch) is a town in the Zlín Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 25,000 inhabitants. The agglomeration with the two neighbouring towns of Staré Město and Kunovice has over 37,000 inhabitants.

The town is the centre of the cultural region of Moravian Slovakia. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.