hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Teresa Rojas Rabiela
María Teresa Rojas Rabiela (born December 17, 1947) is an ethnologist, ethnohistorian, Emeritus National Researcher, 2024 National Prize for Arts and Sciences, Field III. History, Social Sciences, and Philosophy, Mexico, 
and Mexican academic, specializing in Chinampas of Mexico's Basin, history of agriculture, hydraulics, technology, and labor organization in Mesoamerica during pre-Columbian and colonial eras, as well as historical photography of Mexico's peasants and indigenous people. She is recognized as a pioneer in historical studies on earthquakes in Mexico. From 2018 to 2021, Rojas Rabiela was involved in the restoration of the section of the pre-Hispanic aqueduct of Tetzcotzinco, Texcoco, known as El caño quebrado (the broken pipe).

Mexican Academy of Sciences
The Mexican Academy of Sciences (Academia Mexicana de Ciencias) is a non-profit organization comprising over 1800 Mexican scientists, attached to various institutions in the country, as well as a number of foreign colleagues, including various Nobel Prize winners.
Department of the Premier and Cabinet (Queensland)
The Department of the Premier and Cabinet is a department of the Queensland Government. It is responsible for advising and supporting the Premier and Cabinet, and for managing the state's public sector alongside the Public Service Commission.

The department's headquarters are at 1 William Street in the Brisbane CBD.

Premier of Queensland
The premier of Queensland is the head of government in the Australian state of Queensland.

By convention, the premier is the leader of the party with a parliamentary majority in the Legislative Assembly of Queensland. The premier is appointed by the governor of Queensland.

The incumbent premier is David Crisafulli.
Television in Pakistan
Television in Pakistan started in 1964 and the first live transmission of Pakistan Television began on 26 November 1964, in Lahore.

In the early 2020s there were some 114 satellite TV channels in Pakistan, with most (42) concentrating on entertainment followed by news and current affairs (31).

PTV Sports
PTV Sports HD is a 24-hour state-owned sports channel operated by the Pakistan Television Corporation (PTV).

PTV Sports was founded as a sports division of the PTV in the 1970s. It was licensed as a stand-alone sports channel in January 2012. It broadcasts cricket, football, hockey, snooker, and tennis events in Pakistan.
Striven Hydro-Electric Scheme
Striven Hydro-Electric Scheme is a small-scale hydro-electric power station, built by the North of Scotland Hydro-Electric Board and commissioned in 1951. It is located near Ardtaraig on the Cowal Peninsula, part of Argyll and Bute, west of Scotland. It is sometimes known as the Cowal Hydro-Electric Scheme. It was originally designed to supply power to the remote communities on the peninsula, but is now connected to the National Grid.

SSE plc
SSE plc (formerly Scottish and Southern Energy plc) is a multinational energy company headquartered in Perth, Scotland. It is listed on the London Stock Exchange, and is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index. SSE operates in the United Kingdom and Ireland.
Black crake
The black crake (Zapornia flavirostra) is a waterbird in the rail and crake family, Rallidae. It breeds in most of sub-Saharan Africa except in very arid areas. It undertakes some seasonal movements in those parts of its range which are subject to drought. No subspecies have been described. It appears that the oldest available name for this species is actually Rallus niger J. F. Gmelin, 1788, but Swainson believed that the earlier name was unidentifiable, and his own has since become well embedded in the literature.

Rail (bird)
Rails (avian family Rallidae) are a large, cosmopolitan family of small- to medium-sized terrestrial or semi-amphibious birds. The family exhibits considerable diversity in its forms, and includes such ubiquitous species as the crakes, coots, and gallinule; other rail species are extremely rare or endangered. Many are associated with wetland habitats, some being semi-aquatic like waterfowl (such as the coot), but many more are wading birds or shorebirds. The ideal rail habitats are marsh areas, including rice paddies, and flooded fields or open forest. They are especially fond of dense vegetation for nesting. The rail family is found in every terrestrial habitat with the exception of dry desert, polar or freezing regions, and alpine areas (above the snow line). Members of Rallidae occur on every continent except Antarctica. Numerous unique island species are known.
Catechism of Martynas Mažvydas
The Simple Words of Catechism (Lithuanian: Katekizmo paprasti žodžiai) by Martynas Mažvydas is the first printed book in the Lithuanian language. It was printed on 8 January 1547 by Hans Weinreich in Königsberg. The 79-page book followed the teachings of Martin Luther, but reflects both religious and secular needs. The book included the first Lithuanian-language poem, primer with alphabet, basic catechism, and 11 religious hymns with sheet music. The book was written in the Samogitian dialect and printed in Gothic (schwabacher) font; the Latin dedication and preface are printed in Latin font (antiqua).

Schwabacher
Schwabacher typefaces (pronounced [ˈʃvaːˌbaxɐ]) were a style of blackletter typefaces which evolved from Gothic Textualis (Textura) under the influence of Humanist type design in Italy during the 15th century. Schwabacher typesetting was the most common typeface in Germany, until it was replaced by Fraktur from the mid 16th century onwards. In the course of the 18th and 19th centuries (but in Germany not until 1941), Fraktur gave way in turn to Antiqua.
John Murphy (swimmer)
John Joseph Murphy (born July 19, 1953) is an American former backstroke and freestyle swimmer who attended Indiana University and won a gold in the 4x100 freestyle relay and a bronze medal in the 100-meter backstroke at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich.  Beginning around the mid-80's, he worked as a CPA in New Mexico, and coached age group swimming in Los Alamos and Santa Fe.

Backstroke
Backstroke or back crawl is one of the four swimming styles used in competitive events regulated by FINA, and the only one of these styles swum on the back. This swimming style has the advantage of easy breathing, but the disadvantage of swimmers not being able to see where they are going. It also has a different start from the other three competition swimming styles. The swimming style is similar to an upside down front crawl or freestyle. Both backstroke and front crawl are long-axis strokes. In individual medley backstroke is the second style swum; in the medley relay it is the first style swum.
Holcocera concolor
Holcocera concolor is a moth in the family Blastobasidae. It is found from Massachusetts north to Nova Scotia and west to British Columbia.

The length of the forewings is 6.9–8.1 millimetres (0.27–0.32 in). The forewings are yellow orange.

Larvae have been reared from several Pinaceae species, including Pinus resinosa, Pinus rigida, Pinus strobus, Picea abies, Picea glauca and Larix species.

Pinus resinosa
Pinus resinosa, known as red pine (also Norway pine in Minnesota), is a pine native to Eastern North America, with a distributed from Pennsylvania and the Great Lakes region to Manitoba and Newfoundland. It is an adaptable species, and is a valuable forestry species in its native range. One of only two American members of subsection Pinus, the species is characterised by low genetic diversity.
Antoine Favre
Antoine Favre, baron of Pérouges (5 October 1557 – 1624) was a nobleman and jurist from Savoy.

Favre was born in Bourg-en-Bresse.  After studies in Paris and Turin, he practiced law in Chambéry. He was a member of the Savoyard court there from 1585 onwards, and its president from 1610 onwards.

His principal scholarly work is the Codex Fabrianus definitionum forensium (1609), a report of the decisions of his court organised after the Justinian Code. Favre's other research, conjectures about the Justinian code in which he endeavours to separate the Justinian insertions from the classical Roman texts, is still valued by scholars today.

Pérouges
Pérouges (French pronunciation: [peʁuʒ]; Arpitan: Pèrôges) is a commune in the Ain department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in Eastern France. A medieval walled town perched on a small hill that overlooks the plain of the river Ain, it is located 30 km (19 mi) northeast of Lyon, historically in the neighbouring Rhône department.
Deaton
Deaton is an English locational surname, referencing "any of three villages called Deighton... in the county of Yorkshire".

Notable people with this name include:

Angus Deaton (born 1945), British-American economist and academic

Bethany Deaton (died 2012), American who was murdered involving the International House of Prayer

Brady J. Deaton (born 1942), American educator

Charles Deaton (1921–1996), American architect

Dedie Deaton (1903-1986), American chief establishment officer of the Women Airforce Service Pilots

Dawson Deaton (born 1999), American football player

Jim Deaton, college coach of American football

Joel Deaton (born 1957), American professional wrestler

Les Deaton (1923–1989), American professional basketball player and college coach

Sierra Deaton (born 1991), American singer in the duo Alex & Sierra

Angus Deaton
Sir Angus Stewart Deaton FBA (born 19 October 1945) is a British-American economist and academic. Deaton is a Senior Scholar and the Dwight D. Eisenhower Professor of Economics and International Affairs Emeritus (since 2016) at the Princeton School of Public and International Affairs and the Economics Department at Princeton University. His research focuses primarily on poverty, inequality, health, wellbeing, and economic development.

In 2015, he was awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences for his analysis of consumption, poverty, and welfare.
Antonia Fortress
The Antonia Fortress (Aramaic: קצטרא דאנטוניה) was a citadel built by Herod the Great and named for Herod's patron Mark Antony, as a fortress whose chief function was to protect the Second Temple. It was built in Jerusalem at the eastern end of the Second Wall, at the north-western corner of the Temple Mount, and was connected to the Temple by porticoes.

Citadel
A citadel is the most fortified area of a town or city. It may be a castle, fortress, or fortified center. The term is a diminutive of city, meaning "little city", because it is a smaller part of the city of which it is the defensive core.

In a fortification with bastions, the citadel is the strongest part of the system, sometimes well inside the outer walls and bastions, but often forming part of the outer wall for the sake of economy. It is positioned to be the last line of defence, should the enemy breach the other components of the fortification system.
Kangaroo Lake (New Zealand)
Kangaroo Lake is a small dystrophic lake on the West Coast of New Zealand's South Island. The lake is roughly 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) east of the much larger Lake Brunner, and is popular with both duck hunters and recreational fishermen. There is no road access to the lake, with access only via tracks.

During the West Coast gold rush of the 1860s, the lake was the scene of a rush in which a party of some 800 men followed a so-called "kangaroo party" which held a claim near the lake. The men were ferried across Kangaroo Lake, with up to a quarter of them suffering hardship as a result of the swamp around the lake.

Along with nearby lakes Hochstetter, Ahaura, Haupiri, Brunner, Lady and Poerua, Kangaroo Lake is part of a series of interconnected lakes known collectively as the North Westland Ecological Region Complex. These lakes are all fluvio-glacial in origin, having been formed by large glaciers from the nearby Southern Alps / Kā Tiritiri o te Moana during the Last Glacial Maximum.

Dystrophic lake
Dystrophic lakes, also known as humic lakes, are lakes that contain high amounts of humic substances and organic acids. The presence of these substances causes the water to be brown in colour and have a generally low pH of around 4.0-6.0. The presence of humic substances are mainly due to certain plants in the watersheds of the lakes, such as peat mosses and conifers. Due to these acidic conditions, few taxa are able to survive, consisting mostly of aquatic plants, algae, phytoplankton, picoplankton, and bacteria. Dystrophic lakes can be found in many areas of the world, especially in the northern boreal regions.
Gold heptafluoride
Gold heptafluoride is a gold(V) compound with the empirical formula AuF7. The synthesis of this compound from gold pentafluoride and a monatomic fluorine plasma was first reported in 1986. However, current calculations suggest that the structure of the synthesized molecule was actually a difluorine ligand on a gold pentafluoride core, AuF5·F2. That would make it the first difluorine complex and the first compound containing a fluorine atom with an oxidation state of zero. The gold(V)–difluorine complex is calculated to be 205 kJ/mol more stable than "true" gold(VII) fluoride. The vibrational frequency at 734 cm−1 is the hallmark of the end-on coordinated difluorine molecule.

Gold heptafluoride decomposes at 100 °C to gold(V) fluoride releasing fluorine gas:

AuF5·F2 → AuF5 + F2

It also undergoes hydrolysis in water.

Monatomic gas
In physics and chemistry, "monatomic" is a combination of the words "mono" and "atomic", and means "single atom". It is usually applied to gases: a monatomic gas is a gas in which atoms are not bound to each other. Examples at standard conditions of temperature and pressure include all the noble gases (helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon), though all chemical elements will be monatomic in the gas phase at sufficiently high temperature (or very low pressure). The thermodynamic behavior of a monatomic gas is much simpler when compared to polyatomic gases because it is free of any rotational or vibrational energy.
Burning of convents in Spain (1931)
Between May 10 and May 13, 1931, over one hundred convents and other religious buildings were deliberately burned down by anarchists and other Far Left anticlericalists in Spain during allegedly spontaneous riots that started in Madrid and spread throughout the country.

On May 10, a monarchist group played a recording of the former national anthem Marcha Real by an open window in the Calle de Alcalá while a large crowd were returning from the Buen Retiro Park. Some members of the crowd were enraged, and the following day anti-Catholic riots and Church arson swept across Spain. While some cabinet ministers in the newly founded Second Spanish Republic wanted to intervene and restore order, other cabinet ministers opposed the idea. According to the canonical narrative, Prime Minister Manuel Azaña allegedly overruled those who wished to intervene by stating, "All the convents of Spain are not worth the life of a single Republican".

Parque del Buen Retiro, Madrid
The Retiro Park (Spanish: Parque del Buen Retiro, "Good Retreat Park"), also known as Buen Retiro Park or simply El Retiro, is one of the largest city parks in Madrid, Spain. The park belonged to the Spanish monarchy until 1868, when it became a public park following the Glorious Revolution. The park is located at the edge of the city centre, near both the Alcalá Gate and the Museo del Prado, and covers 1.4 km2 (350 acres). It has gardens, monuments, galleries, an artificial lake, and event-hosting venues. In 2021, Buen Retiro Park became part of a combined UNESCO World Heritage Site that also includes Paseo del Prado.
Cross-country skiing at the 2010 Winter Olympics – Men's 15 kilometre freestyle
The men's 15 kilometre freestyle cross-country skiing competition at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, Canada, was held on 15 February at Whistler Olympic Park in Whistler, British Columbia, at 12:30 PST.

Each skier starts at 30-second intervals, skiing the entire 15 kilometre course. Estonia's Andrus Veerpalu is both the two-time defending Olympic and World champion in this event, though all three were held in the classical event. Norway's Lars Berger won the 2007 world championships when it was in freestyle. The final World Cup event in men's 15 km freestyle prior to the 2010 Games took place on 5 February at Canmore, Alberta, and was won by Italy's Giorgio Di Centa.

Veerpalu did not participate to the event being in freestyle while Berger did not participate to the fact that the biathlon men's 12.5 km pursuit would take place the next day. Di Centa finished tenth in the event. Cologna is the first Swiss to win a gold medal in cross-country skiing at the Winter Olympics.

Giorgio Di Centa
Giorgio Di Centa (born 7 October 1972 in Tolmezzo, Province of Udine) is an Italian former cross-country skier who won two gold medals at the 2006 Winter Olympics, including the individual 50 km freestyle race. He is the younger brother of Olympic gold medalist, cross-country skier Manuela Di Centa.
Morgan – A Suitable Case for Treatment
Morgan – A Suitable Case for Treatment (also called Morgan!) is a 1966 British comedy film directed by Karel Reisz and starring David Warner, Vanessa Redgrave, and Robert Stephens, with Irene Handl and Bernard Bresslaw. It was made by British Lion and produced by Leon Clore from a screenplay by David Mercer, adapted from his BBC television play A Suitable Case for Treatment (1962), in which the leading role was played by Ian Hendry. A film poster for the film is prominently shown in High-Rise (2015).  Director Stephen Frears worked as an assistant director to Reisz on this film.

Ian Hendry
Ian Mackendrick Hendry (13 January 1931 – 24 December 1984) was an English actor. He worked on several British TV series of the 1960s and 1970s, including the lead in the first series of The Avengers and The Lotus Eaters. He was nominated for two BAFTA Awards for his film work: Most Promising Newcomer to Leading Film Roles for Live Now, Pay Later (1962) and Best Actor in a Supporting Role for Get Carter (1971).

His other notable film appearances included The Hill (1965), Repulsion (also 1965), Doppelgänger (1969), Tales from The Crypt (1972), Theatre of Blood (1973), and The Passenger (1975). The latter part of his career was tempered by personal and financial issues, which led him to declare bankruptcy in 1978.
Coal seams of the South Yorkshire Coalfield
The coal seams worked in the South Yorkshire Coalfield lie mainly in the middle coal measures within what is now formally referred to as the Pennine Coal Measures Group.  These are a series of mudstones, shales, sandstones, and coal seams laid down towards the end of the Carboniferous period between about 320 and 300 million years ago.  The total depth of the strata is about 1.2 kilometres (0.75 mi).

The list of coal seams that follows starts at the shallowest seam and proceeds downwards with the outcrops occurring progressively further west until the deepest coal seam, the Silkstone Seam which outcropped at the western edge of the coalfield.

The thicknesses and depths of each seam are not given as they vary across the coalfield.

Stratum
In geology and related fields, a stratum (pl.: strata) is a layer of rock or sediment characterized by certain lithologic properties or attributes that distinguish it from adjacent layers from which it is separated by visible surfaces known as either bedding surfaces or bedding planes. Prior to the publication of the International Stratigraphic Guide, older publications have defined a stratum as being either equivalent to a single bed or composed of a number of beds; as a layer greater than 1 cm in thickness and constituting a part of a bed; or a general term that includes both bed and lamina. Related terms are substrate and substratum (pl.substrata), a stratum underlying another stratum.
Dnieper-Oka language
The Dnieper-Oka language (Eastern Peripheral Baltic, Dnieper-Baltic) is one or several extinct Baltic languages, the existence of which is indicated by toponymic data. It occupied the upper reaches of the Daugava, the basins of the upper Dnieper and Desna, the upper and middle Oka and the Seym. Beginning in the 7th and 8th centuries, the Baltic dialects of the region were replaced by Old East Slavic. The only known subdivision of the Dnieper-Oka language is the Golyad language.

Desna (river)
The Desna (Russian and Ukrainian: Десна) is a river in Russia and Ukraine, a major left-tributary of the Dnieper. Its name in Old East Slavic: деснъ means lit. "right hand". It has a length of 1,130 km (702 mi), and its drainage basin covers 88,900 km2 (34,324 sq mi).

In Ukraine, the river's width ranges from 60 to 250 metres (200 to 820 ft), with its average depth being 3 m (10 ft). The mean annual discharge at its mouth is 360 m3/s (13,000 cu ft/s). The river freezes over from early December to early April, and is navigable from Novhorod-Siverskyi to its mouth, a length of about 535 km (332 mi).

The water level of the river reached its lowest recorded point in 140 years in June 2020. This water level was 5 m (16 ft) below normal for that time of year.
Synagogue of Chasseloup-Laubat
The Synagogue of Chasseloup-Laubat is a Jewish synagogue located at 14 Rue Chasseloup-Laubat in Paris' 15th arrondissement. The synagogue is associated with the Israelite Central Consistory of France.

It is one of the last synagogues built according to designs developed during the 19th century in France, an era which saw the Emancipation of Jews and their greater integration into society.  It is considered part of the "Golden Age of French Synagogues".

Timeline of French history
This is a timeline of French history, comprising important legal changes and political events in France and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, see History of France. See also the list of Frankish kings, French monarchs, and presidents of France.
William C. Ruger
William Crawford Ruger (January 30, 1824 Bridgewater, Oneida County, New York – January 14, 1892 Syracuse, Onondaga County, New York) was an American lawyer and politician from New York. He was Chief Judge of the New York Court of Appeals from 1883 until his death.

Bridgewater, New York
Bridgewater is a town in Oneida County, New York, United States. The population was 1,522 at the 2010 census.

The Town of Bridgewater is on the southern border of the county. The town has a former village called Bridgewater near the southern town line. The town and hamlet were named after the Duke of Bridgewater.
Rza Osmanov
Rza Fikrat oglu Osmanov (Azerbaijani: Rza Fikrət oğlu Osmanov; born 26 November 1983) is an Azerbaijani Paralympic athlete competing in the T12 category. He is a bronze medalist in the 400 meters at the 2008 Summer Paralympics and in the 4×100 meters relay at the 2012 Summer Paralympics. Osmanov won the 2012 IPC Athletics European Championships in the men's 4×100 meters relay. and earned a bronze medal in the long jump (T12 category) at the 2013 IPC Athletics World Championships.

In 16 February 2011, Osmanov was awarded the Taraggi Medal by the President of Azerbaijan for his contributions to the development of the Paralympic movement in Azerbaijan.

On 14 September 2012, he was awarded the Honorary Diploma of the President of Azerbaijan by a presidential decree.

Athletics at the 2012 Summer Paralympics – Men's 4 × 100 metres relay
The Men's 4 × 100 m Relay athletics events for the 2012 Summer Paralympics took place at the London Olympic Stadium on 5 September. A total of two events were contested over this distance incorporating six different classifications.
NK Kolpa
Športno društvo NK Kolpa (English: NK Kolpa Sports Association), commonly referred to as NK Kolpa or simply Kolpa, is a Slovenian football team from the village of Podzemelj. The club was founded in 1990.

Podzemelj
Podzemelj (pronounced [pɔdˈzeːməl]; German: Podsemel) is a village on the left bank of the Kolpa River in the Municipality of Metlika in the White Carniola area of southeastern Slovenia, next to the border with Croatia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.