hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ubi panis ibi patria
Ubi panis ibi patria is a Latin expression meaning "Where there is bread, there is (my) country" (or home, or homeland). According to J. Hector St. John de Crèvecœur in "What is an American", the third of his Letters from an American Farmer, this is the motto of all European immigrants to the United States. It is not clear whether the phrase originates in Crèvecœur's writings or somebody else's.

In any case, it is reminiscent in its form of another motto that may have served as a model, Ubi bene ibi patria ("Homeland is where it (life) is good"; lit. where good, there fatherland). This latter expression in turn reminds of a verse (Teucer, fr. 291) of the Roman tragic poet Marcus Pacuvius (ca. 220–130 BC) quoted by Cicero (106–43 BC): Patria est ubicumque est bene (45 BC, Tusculanae Disputationes V, 108). Jean-Jacques Rousseau also alludes to this motto in his 1772 Considerations on the Government of Poland.

Tusculanae Disputationes
The Tusculanae Disputationes (also Tusculanae Quaestiones; English: Tusculan Disputations) is a series of five books written by Cicero, around 45 BC, attempting to popularise Greek philosophy in ancient Rome, including Stoicism. It is so called as it was reportedly written at his villa in Tusculum. His daughter had recently died and in mourning Cicero devoted himself to philosophical studies. The Tusculan Disputations consist of five books, each on a particular theme: On the contempt of death; On pain; On grief; On emotional disturbances; and whether Virtue alone is sufficient for a happy life.
Olbasa (Pisidia)
Olbasa (Ancient Greek: Ὄλβασα) was a town in the western part of ancient Pisidia between Adada and Zorzela. It later received a Roman colony under the name of Colonia Iulia Augusta.

Its site is located near Belenli, in Burdur Province.

Pisidia
Pisidia or Pisidya (/pɪˈsɪdiə/; Greek: Πισιδία) was an ancient Anatolian region located north of Pamphylia, northeast of Lycia, west of Isauria and Cilicia, and south of Phrygia, corresponding roughly to the modern-day Antalya Province of the Republic of Turkey. Among Pisidia's settlements were Antioch in Pisidia, Termessos, Cremna, Sagalassos, Etenna, Neapolis, Selge, Tyriacum, Laodiceia Katakekaumene, Adada, and Philomelium.
What Do We Make of Bach?
What Do We Make of Bach? is a composition for obbligato organ and orchestra written by the American composer John Harbison. The work was commissioned by Minnesota Orchestra, Seattle Symphony, and Northrop at the University of Minnesota. It was given its world premiere by the organist Paul Jacobs and the Minnesota Orchestra at the Northrop Auditorium on October 12, 2018.

Paul Jacobs (organist)
Paul Jacobs (born 1977) is an American organist. He is the first organist to receive a Grammy Award. Jacobs is currently the chair of the Juilliard School's organ department and is considered "America’s premier organ performer…."
Ridin High (Keelay & Zaire album)
Ridin High is the debut studio album by American hip-hop production duo Keelay and Zaire. It was released on March 10, 2009, via Rob Nonies Label Group. It features guest appearances from Slo Mo, AV, Fortilive, Mario Dones, Blu, Brian Francis, Cali Agents, Da Evangillest, Darien Brockington, Dminor, E. Jenks, Emilio Rojas, FEMI, Gravedigga Jones, Hassaan Mackey, Nino Moschella, Phonte, Prophit, Saafir, Silent Knight, Supastition, Surreal, Tash, Tiffany Paige, Tunji, Jern Eye and Nightclubber Lang.

Little Brother (group)
Little Brother were an American hip-hop duo from Durham, North Carolina, that consists of rappers Phonte and Big Pooh. DJ and producer 9th Wonder was an original member of the group but departed in 2007. The group has produced five acclaimed studio albums and six mixtapes. Little Brother is highly regarded among hip-hop fans and critics.
Pardot
Pardot is a marketing automation platform founded in 2007 in Atlanta, Georgia, by David Cummings and Adam Blitzer. It provides business-to-business marketing automation and lead generation tools.

In October 2012, ExactTarget acquired Pardot for about US$95.5 million.  
In 2013, Salesforce purchased ExactTarget for US$2.5 billion and integrated Pardot into the Salesforce Marketing Cloud.  
In 2022, Salesforce rebranded Pardot as Marketing Cloud Account Engagement as part of its unified product naming.

Marketing automation
Marketing automation refers to software platforms and technologies designed for marketing departments and organizations to automate repetitive tasks and consolidate multi-channel (email, SMS, chatbot, and social media) interactions, tracking and web analytics, lead scoring, campaign management and reporting into one system. It often integrates with customer relationship management (CRM) and customer data platform (CDP) software.
Cane River, North Carolina
Cane River is an unincorporated community of Yancey County, North Carolina, United States. It is located west of Burnsville, at the intersection of U.S. Routes 19, 19E and 19W, along the Cane River. Cane River Middle School and Blue Ridge Elementary School are located in the community.

The larger Cane River township encompasses the settlements of Bald Creek, Cane River, Elk Shoal, Possumtrot, and Swiss.

Cane River (North Carolina)
The Cane River is a 38.3-mile (61.6 km) river in Yancey County, North Carolina. It originates from the confluence of Beech Nursery Creek, off the western slope of Mount Mitchell, and Blue Sea Creek, off the northeastern slope of Blackstock Knob, in the Black Mountains. A tributary in the French Broad River basin, it flows northward to join the North Toe River, forming the Nolichucky River.
The Tsar's Bride
The Tsar's Bride (Russian: Царская невеста, romanized: Tsarskaja nevesta) is an historical verse drama in four acts by Lev Mei from 1849. Fifty years later Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov used the play as the basis for his opera of the same name. As with Mei's other Russian historical drama, The Maid of Pskov (1859), this play is set in the time of Ivan the Terrible.

The Maid of Pskov
The Maid of Pskov (Russian: Псковитянка, romanized: Pskovityanka, lit. 'Pskov female resident' listenⓘ), also known as Ivan the Terrible, is an 1872 opera originally in three acts (six scenes) by Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov. The libretto is by the composer, after the play by Lev Mei.

The storyline is fictitious, but set against the background of the campaign by  Ivan IV Vasilyevich to subject the cities of Pskov and Novgorod to his will.

Pskovityanka was Rimsky-Korsakov's first opera, and he revised it twice; once in 1876-7, when he added a prologue, and again in 1891-2, without the prologue (which was subsequently rewritten and became in 1898 the one act opera Boyarïnya Vera Sheloga). The third version was made famous by Feodor Chaliapin in the role of the Tsar. The opera was introduced to Paris in 1909, also with Chaliapin, by Diaghilev, under the title Ivan the Terrible.
Endurance: A Year in Space, a Lifetime of Discovery
Endurance: A Year in Space, a Lifetime of Discovery is a 2017 memoir by American astronaut Scott Kelly and Margaret Lazarus Dean.  The book details Kelly's life, as well as that of his twin brother Mark, as they became naval aviators and test pilots, and were both selected for NASA Astronaut Group 16.  Kelly recounts his four spaceflights, with an emphasis on the ISS year long mission, in which he participated.

The book's title was inspired by Endurance: Shackleton's Incredible Voyage, a 1959 book which detailed the epic efforts of Ernest Shackleton and his crew to survive after their exploratory ship the Endurance became trapped and was crushed by Antarctic sea ice in 1915. During his year aboard the Space Station, Kelly would occasionally thumb through the account of his predecessor explorer's harrowing story to try and put his own mission's inevitable difficulties in perspective.

Endurance: Shackleton's Incredible Voyage
Endurance: Shackleton's Incredible Voyage, is a 1959 book written by Alfred Lansing, about the failure of the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition led by Sir Ernest Shackleton, in its attempt to cross the Antarctic continent in 1914.
Centane
Centane, or alternatively anglicised Kentane or Kentani because Europeans often cannot easily pronounce the Xhosa click 'C'; is a settlement in Amathole District Municipality in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. It is situated at approximately 31 kilometres (19 mi) from Butterworth.

Amathole District Municipality
The Amathole District Municipality (Xhosa: uMasipala weSithili sase Amathole) is one of the 7 districts of the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. The seat is East London. As of 2011, over 90% of its 892,637 inhabitants spoke isiXhosa. The district code is DC12. Amathole means "calves", the name of the mountain range and forest which form the northern boundary of the district.
Daan van Haarlem
Daan van Haarlem (born 15 March 1989) is a Dutch male volleyball player. He is part of the Netherlands men's national volleyball team. On club level he plays for VK ČEZ Karlovarsko and Karlovy Vary (Czech Republic).

Netherlands men's national volleyball team
The Netherlands men's national volleyball team represents the Netherlands in FIVB tournaments. Volleyball is the most popular indoor sport in the country, with over 125,000 associates. The team had their most successful phase beginning in the 1990s under coaches Arie Selinger and Joop Alberda, reaching various finals for international tournaments and winning both the Olympic Games and the World League in 1996. Netherlands in World Championship won silver medal 1994 in Greece.
Raley
Raley is a surname and given name. Notable people with the surname include:

Brooks Raley (born 1988), American Major League Baseball pitcher

David Allen Raley (born before 1985), American murderer

J. Frank Raley Jr. (1926–2012), American politician from Maryland

John Wesley Raley (1903–68), American author and president of Oklahoma Baptist University

Luke Raley (born 1994), American Major League Baseball outfielder

William de Raley (before 1212 – 1250), English judge, administrator and bishop

Raley Brien (also Johnston McCulley / American author)

Brooks Raley
Brooks Lee Raley (born June 29, 1988) is an American professional baseball pitcher for the New York Mets of Major League Baseball (MLB). He has previously played in MLB for the Chicago Cubs, Cincinnati Reds, Houston Astros, Tampa Bay Rays, and in the KBO League for the Lotte Giants. Raley played college baseball for the Texas A&M Aggies. The Cubs selected Raley in the sixth round of the 2009 MLB draft, and he made his MLB debut with them in 2012.
Rulon (plastic)
Rulon is the trade name for a family of PTFE plastics produced by Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics. Rulon plastics are known for their low coefficient of friction, excellent abrasion resistance, wide range of operating temperatures, and chemical inertness. Common applications for Rulon include seals, piston rings, bearings, and electrical insulation.

Saint-Gobain
Compagnie de Saint-Gobain S.A. (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ ɡɔbɛ̃] or /Sun-goobaah/) is a French multinational corporation, founded in 1665 in Paris as the Manufacture royale de glaces de miroirs, and today headquartered on the outskirts of Paris, at La Défense and in Courbevoie. Originally a mirror manufacturer, it also produces a variety of construction, high-performance, moderate-performance, lower-performance and other materials. Saint-Gobain is present in 76 countries and  as of 2022 employs more than 170,000 people.
Clausura 2019 Copa MX final
The Clausura 2019 Copa MX final was the final of the Clausura 2019 Copa MX, the fourteenth edition of the Copa MX under its current format and 81st overall organized by the Mexican Football Federation, the governing body of association football in Mexico.

The final was contested in a single-leg format between Ascenso MX club Juárez and Liga MX club América. The match was hosted by Juárez at Estadio Olímpico Benito Juárez in Ciudad Juárez on 10 April 2019.

This was the third time a Liga MX and Ascenso MX face each other in the final; FC Juárez is the fifth Ascenso MX club overall to reach the final.

América won the match 1–0 and captured their record sixth title. As winners, América earned the right to face Cruz Azul in the 2019 Supercopa MX. However, they also won the Apertura 2018 Liga MX, and thus qualified for the 2019 Campeón de Campeones. They were replaced by the Supercopa MX title holders, Necaxa.

2018–19 Liga MX season
The 2018–19 Liga MX season  (known as the Liga BBVA Bancomer MX for sponsorship reasons) was the 72nd professional season of the top-flight football league in Mexico. The season was split into two championships—the Torneo Apertura and the Torneo Clausura—each in an identical format and each contested by the same eighteen teams.
Rosario Oeste railway station
Rosario Oeste is a former railway station in Rosario, province of Santa Fe, Argentina. The station, part of the Belgrano Railway network, is located in the west of the city, on the junction of Paraná St. and 9 de Julio streets.

State-owned company Trenes Argentinos Cargas runs freight trains to the north of Argentina on the line, with no operations in Rosario Oeste.

Trenes Argentinos Cargas
Belgrano Cargas y Logística S.A., trading as Trenes Argentinos Cargas (abbreviated as TACyL), is an Argentine state-owned company which operates a 15,305 km (9,510 mi) freight rail network that includes Belgrano, Urquiza and San Martín railways. It is a division of Ferrocarriles Argentinos S.E.

It is often erroneously called Belgrano Cargas by the Argentine government and press, despite the freight network encompassing numerous other Argentine railways, of which the General Belgrano Railway is only one.
Respiratory examination
A respiratory examination, or lung examination, is performed as part of a physical examination, in response to respiratory symptoms such as shortness of breath, cough, or chest pain, and is often carried out with a cardiac examination.

The four steps of the respiratory exam are inspection, palpation, percussion, and auscultation of respiratory sounds, normally first carried out from the back of the chest.

Thorax
The thorax (pl.: thoraces or thoraxes) or chest is a part of the anatomy of mammals and other tetrapod animals located between the neck and the abdomen.

In insects, crustaceans, and the extinct trilobites, the thorax is one of the three main divisions of the body, each in turn composed of multiple segments.

The human thorax includes the thoracic cavity and the thoracic wall. It contains organs including the heart, lungs, and thymus gland, as well as muscles and various other internal structures. The chest may be affected by many diseases, of which the most common symptom is chest pain.
On Approval (1930 film)
On Approval is a 1930 British comedy film directed by and starring Tom Walls and also featuring Yvonne Arnaud, Winifred Shotter and Robertson Hare, the same artistes responsible for the Aldwych farces. It was based on the play On Approval by Frederick Lonsdale, as was the 1944 film On Approval.

It was made at British and Dominion's Elstree Studios with sets designed by Lawrence P. Williams.

The 1932  book "The Face of London" by Harold Clunn Pub. Simpkin Marshall, features, opposite page 224, a picture, probably taken in Aug. or Sept. 1930, of the New Victoria Picture Theatre, Vauxhall Bridge Road. Displayed in large letters is ON APPROVAL the film being presented by the cinema at that time.

Harold Clunn
Harold Philip Clunn (13 April 1879 – 19 February 1956) was a British shipping agent and non-fiction author known for his topographical works in the Face of... series. Reviewers commented on the exhaustive scope of his work and his unsentimental attitude to the expansion of London and the destruction of its buildings through redevelopment and during the Blitz of the Second World War.
Bonab
Bonab (Persian: بناب) is a city in the Central District of Bonab County, East Azerbaijan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. Bonab is 120 km south of Tabriz (the capital of the province), near Lake Urmia. The city is 150 kilometers from Piranshahr, 270 kilometers from Khalkhal, 350 kilometers from Abhar and 450 kilometers from Parsabad.

Parsabad
Parsabad (Persian: پارس آباد) is a city in the Central District of Parsabad County of Ardabil province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. Parsabad is Iran's northernmost city. The city is located on the Mughan plain, on the right bank of the Aras River.
Suicide of Sladjana Vidovic
Sladjana Vidović (Croatian: Slađana Vidović, April 4, 1992 – October 2, 2008) was a 16-year-old student at Mentor High School in Mentor, Ohio who died by suicide by hanging herself after enduring extensive bullying by several classmates over issues such as her ethnicity, accent, name, and appearance.

Vidović's parents had repeatedly contacted Mentor High School staff to complain about the abuse their daughter endured at the school and her acute state of distress following months of "merciless bullying", requesting their concerns be resolved, although staff failed to effectively address their concerns.

The suicide of Sladjana Vidović drew nationwide attention to the bullying culture at Mentor High School, which had seen at least five pupils die by suicide between 2005 and 2008 due to bullying at the school.

Mentor High School
Mentor High School is a public high school located in Mentor, Ohio, United States.  It is the only high school in the Mentor Exempted Village School District (informally, "Mentor Schools").  At one time, it was the largest high school in Ohio based on single building enrollment.  For the 2008–2009 school year, it shifted from a three-year school (grades 10–12) to a four-year high school (grades 9–12), serving approximately 2,700 students. Mentor High School educates students from Mentor, Mentor-on-the-Lake, and parts of Kirtland Hills and Concord Township in Lake County, Ohio. Both middle schools from the Mentor Exempted Village School district, Memorial Middle School and Shore Middle School, feed into Mentor High School. The third middle school, Ridge Middle School, closed before the 2018–2019 school year had commenced, and has since been repurposed as an elementary school.
Nepenthes 'Boca Rose'
Nepenthes 'Boca Rose' is a cultivar of a complex manmade hybrid involving N. maxima, N. mirabilis, N. northiana, N. rafflesiana, N. veitchii, and a plant identified as N. thorelii.[note a] It was bred by Bruce Lee Bednar and Orgel Clyde Bramblett in 1990. This cultivar name is not established as it was published without a description, violating Article 24.1 of the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants, and Jan Schlauer considers the epithet "doubtfully acceptable" as it may conflict with Article 19.24. Nepenthes 'Boca Rose' is a synonym of N. × hareliana and was originally published in the March 1994 issue of the Carnivorous Plant Newsletter as "x hareliana var. “Boca Rose”".

Other cultivars of the same cross include N. 'Alba', N. 'Red Skeleton', N. 'Rouge', and N. 'Vittata'.

International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants
The International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants (ICNCP) is a guide to the rules and regulations for naming cultigens, plants whose origin or selection is primarily due to intentional human activity. It is also known as Cultivated Plant Code. Cultigens under the purview of the ICNCP include cultivars, Groups (cultivar groups), and grexes. All organisms traditionally considered to be plants (including algae and fungi) are included. Taxa that receive a name under the ICNCP will also be included within taxa named under the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants, for example, a cultivar is a member of a species.
Rein Järvelill
Rein Järvelill (born 1966 in Uusvada, Võru County) is an Estonian politician. He was a member of IX Riigikogu.

Rein Järvelill graduated from the Estonian University of Life Sciences in 1994 with a degree in forestry. From 1994 to 1997, he studied law at the University of Tartu.

Järvelill was the mayor of Värska from 2012 to 2017. He was formerly the municipal governor of Meremäe Parish.

He has been a member of Estonian Social Democratic Party.

Social Democratic Party (Estonia)
The Social Democratic Party (Estonian: Sotsiaaldemokraatlik Erakond, SDE) is a centre-left political party in Estonia. It is currently led by Lauri Läänemets.
The party was formerly known as the Moderate People's Party (Estonian: Rahvaerakond Mõõdukad). The SDE has been a member of the Party of European Socialists since 16 May 2003 and was a member of the Socialist International from November 1990 to 2017. It is orientated towards the principles of social-democracy, and it supports Estonia's membership in the European Union. From April 2023 until March 2025, the party was a junior coalition partner in the third Kallas government and the Michal government.
Botryosphaeria obtusa
Botryosphaeria obtusa is a plant pathogen that causes frogeye leaf spot, black rot and cankers on many plant species. On the leaf it is referred to as frogeye leaf spot; this phase typically affects tree and shrubs. In fruit such as the apple, cranberry and quince, it is referred to as black rot, and in twigs and trunks it causes cankers.

Canker
A plant canker is a small area of dead tissue, which grows slowly, often over years. Some cankers are of only minor consequence, but others are ultimately lethal and therefore can have major economic implications for agriculture and horticulture. Their causes include a wide range of organisms such as fungi, bacteria, mycoplasmas and viruses. The majority of canker-causing organisms are bound to a unique host species or genus, but a few will attack other plants. Weather (via frost or windstorm damage) and animal damage can also cause stress to the plant resulting in cankers. Other causes of cankers is pruning when the bark is wet or using un-sterilized tools.

Although fungicides or bactericides can treat some cankers, often the only available treatment is to destroy the infected plant to contain the disease.
Sclerolaena parviflora
Sclerolaena parviflora (common names -  Mallee copper burr, Small-flower saltbush) is a species of flowering plant in the family Amaranthaceae, found in every mainland state and territory of  Australia. It was first described in 1923 by Robert Henry Anderson as Bassia parviflora, but was transferred to the genus, Sclerolaena in 1978 by Andrew John Scott.

It is found in the central and southern areas of Australia.

Amaranthaceae
Amaranthaceae (/ˌæmərænˈθeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/ AM-ər-an-THAY-see-ee, -⁠eye) is a family of flowering plants commonly known as the amaranth family, in reference to its type genus Amaranthus. It includes the former goosefoot family Chenopodiaceae and contains about 165 genera and 2,040 species, making it the most species-rich lineage within its parent order, Caryophyllales.
Elisavet Spathari
Elisavet (or Elisabet or Elsi) Spathari (Greek: Ελισάβετ Σπαθάρη) is a Greek archaeologist and author. She is Honorary Director Emeritus of Ministry of Culture in Greece and has written several books about Ancient Greece.

In 2002, Spathari helped the Nemea Valley Archaeological Project, sponsored by Bryn Mawr College, an archeological survey and excavation of Tsoungiza on Peloponnese.

Ministry of Culture (Greece)
The Ministry of Culture (Greek: Υπουργείο Πολιτισμού) is the government department of Greece entrusted with preserving the country's cultural heritage and promoting the arts. The incumbent minister is Lina Mendoni, and the deputy minister is Iason Fotilas.
28th Division (Spain)
The 28th Division was one of the divisions of the Spanish Republican Army that were organized during the Spanish Civil War on the basis of the Mixed Brigades. It was deployed on the Aragon and Segre fronts.

Aragon Offensive
The Aragon Offensive was an important military campaign during the Spanish Civil War, which began after the Battle of Teruel. The offensive, which ran from March 7, 1938, to April 19, 1938, smashed the Republican forces, overran Aragon, and conquered parts of Catalonia and the Levante.