hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2022 Speedway of Nations
The 2022 Speedway of Nations was the fifth FIM Speedway of Nations. The competition consisted of two semi-finals and a final. Great Britain were the defending champions having won the 2021 competition.

Both the semi-finals and final were held at Vojens Speedway Center in Denmark, after the initial host Esbjerg was unable to fulfill the contract. Denmark were automatically seeded into the final as hosts.

The first semi-final was won by Australia, with Finland securing the second automatic qualifying spot. Poland won a run-off with Germany to secure the last spot. The second semi-final was won by Sweden, ahead of Czech Republic. Great Britain beat France in a run-off to complete the final line-up.

Australia won the competition after beating Great Britain in the final. Great Britain had top scored during the regular heats, but Jack Holder and Max Fricke beat Dan Bewley and Robert Lambert in the Grand Final to take the title for the first time. Sweden claimed the bronze medal.

Poland national speedway team
The Poland national speedway team is the national motorcycle speedway team of Poland and is controlled by the Polish Motor Union (PZM). They are one of the most successful speedway nations of all time.
1875 Rangitikei by-election
The 1875 Rangitikei by-election was a by-election held on 24 April 1875 during the 5th New Zealand Parliament in the Rangitikei electorate on the West Coast of the North Island.

The by-election was held because of the resignation of sitting member of parliament and previous Premier William Fox on 11 March 1875 
in order to pay an extended visit to England.

This election saw John Ballance narrowly win the seat by just seven votes over his main opponent, William Hogg Watt who had represented the Rangitikei electorate from 1866 to 1868 when he resigned. Conservative George Hutchison also ran. He was the son of William Hutchison a former mayor of Wellington and Member of Parliament, though performed poorly.

William Fox (New Zealand politician)
Sir William Fox KCMG (20 January 1812 – 23 June 1893) was the second premier of New Zealand and held that office on four occasions in the 19th century, while New Zealand was still a colony. He was known for his confiscation of Māori land rights, his contributions to the education system (such as establishing the University of New Zealand), and his work to increase New Zealand's autonomy from Britain. He has been described as determined and intelligent, but also as bitter and "too fond" of personal attacks. Different aspects of his personality are emphasised by different accounts.
Gustaaf Martinus Oosterling
Gustaaf Martinus Oosterling (30 June 1873 – 11 January 1928) was a Surinamese photographer, who had a photo studio on the Gonggrijpstraat in Paramaribo. Before turning to photography, Oosterling worked as a draughtsman, calligrapher and painter. Together with Augusta Curiel, Karl Friedrich Ludwig Eugen Klein, Julius Eduard Muller, W. Amo and Théodore van Lelyveld, he is considered a pioneer of photography in Suriname.

Surinamese people
Surinamese people are people who identify with the country of Suriname. This connection may be residential, legal, historical or cultural. For most Surinamese, several (or all) of these connections exist and are collectively the source of their being Surinamese.

Suriname is a multiethnic and multilingual society, home to people of various ethnic, racial, religious, and national origins, with the majority of the population made up of Old World immigrants and their descendants. As a result, the Surinamese do not equate their nationality with ethnicity, but with citizenship and allegiance to Suriname. Aside from the indigenous population, nearly all Surinamese or their ancestors arrived since the Age of Discovery and establishment of the colony of Surinam, primarily from Africa, Europe and Asia.
Famous Fights from Madison Square Garden
Famous Fights from Madison Square Garden is a TV sports series broadcast by the DuMont Television Network from September 15, 1952 to December 22, 1952. The program aired famous past boxing matches at Madison Square Garden in New York City. The program aired Monday nights at 9:45pm ET, was 15 minutes long, and was preceded by another 15-minute show Football Sidelines.

Jimmy Powers provided commentaries on the telecasts, which preceded bouts from Eastern Parkway Arena in Brooklyn. The program was sponsored by Adam Hats and originated at WABD.

WNYW
WNYW (channel 5) is a television station in New York City. It is the flagship station of the Fox television network, owned and operated through its Fox Television Stations division. Under common ownership with Secaucus, New Jersey–licensed MyNetworkTV flagship WWOR-TV (channel 9), the two stations share studios at the Fox Television Center on East 67th Street in Manhattan's Lenox Hill neighborhood; WNYW's transmitter is located at One World Trade Center.
HMS Captivity
Two ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Captivity.  In both cases they were old ships that had been renamed after their conversion to prison ships:

HMS Captivity was a former 64-gun third rate launched in 1772 as HMS Monmouth.  She became a prison ship and was renamed HMS Captivity in 1796.  She was broken up in 1816.

HMS Captivity was a former 74-gun third rate launched in 1786 as HMS Bellerophon.  She became a prison ship in 1815 and was renamed HMS Captivity in 1824.  She was sold in 1836.

Prison ship
A prison ship, is a current or former seagoing vessel that has been modified to become a place of substantive detention for convicts, prisoners of war or civilian internees. Some prison ships were hulked. While many nations have deployed prison ships over time, the practice was most widespread in 18th- and 19th-century Britain, as the government sought to address the issues of overcrowded civilian jails on land and an influx of enemy detainees from the War of Jenkins' Ear, the Seven Years' War and the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars.
Central Australia
Central Australia, also sometimes referred to as the Red Centre, is an inexactly defined region associated with the geographic centre of Australia. In its narrowest sense it describes a region that is limited to the town of Alice Springs and its immediate surrounds including the MacDonnell Ranges. Commonly, it refers to an area up to 600 km (370 mi) from Alice Springs, in every direction. In its broadest use it can include almost any region in inland Australia that has remained relatively undeveloped, and in this sense is synonymous with the term Outback.

In a modern, more formal sense it can refer to the administrative region used by the Northern Territory government, as of 2022.

Centralia is another term associated with the area, most commonly used by locals.

MacDonnell Ranges
The MacDonnell Ranges, or Tjoritja in Arrernte, is a mountain range located in southern Northern Territory. MacDonnell Ranges is also the name given to an interim Australian bioregion broadly encompassing the mountain range, with an area of 3,929,444 hectares (9,709,870 acres). The range is a 644 km (400 mi) long series of mountains in central Australia, consisting of parallel ridges running to the east and west of Alice Springs. The mountain range contains many spectacular gaps and gorges as well as areas of Aboriginal significance.

The ranges were named after Sir Richard MacDonnell (the Governor of South Australia at the time) by John McDouall Stuart, whose 1860 expedition reached them in April of that year. The Horn Expedition investigated the ranges as part of the scientific expedition into central Australia. Other explorers of the range included David Lindsay and John Ross.

The MacDonnell Ranges were often depicted in the paintings of Albert Namatjira.
Meritaten Tasherit
Meritaten Tasherit, which means Meritaten the Younger was an ancient Egyptian princess of the 18th Dynasty. She is likely to have been the daughter of Meritaten, eldest daughter of Pharaoh Akhenaten.

Who her father was remains a matter of debate. Many assume it to be Meritaten's father, Akhenaten, or possibly her husband Smenkhkare. Since both Meritaten Tasherit and another princess, Ankhesenpaaten Tasherit appear only in texts that once mentioned Akhenaten's second wife Kiya, it is also possible that they were children of Akhenaten and Kiya, or that they were fictional, replacing the name of Kiya's daughter, who might have been Beketaten, more commonly thought to be Tiye's child.

Meritaten Tasherit's fate is uncertain. The mention of the god Aten in her name suggests that she was indeed a daughter of Akhenaten, since his successors reverted his religious reforms, and reverted to the worship of Egypt's traditional gods. The name Aten was dropped from popular use during this time.

Aten
Aten, also Aton, Atonu, or Itn (Ancient Egyptian: jtn, reconstructed [ˈjaːtin]) was the focus of Atenism, the religious system formally established in ancient Egypt by the late Eighteenth Dynasty pharaoh Akhenaten. Exact dating for the Eighteenth Dynasty is contested, though a general date range places the dynasty in the years 1550 to 1292 BCE. The worship of Aten and the coinciding rule of Akhenaten are major identifying characteristics of a period within the Eighteenth Dynasty referred to as the Amarna Period (c. 1353 – 1336 BCE).

Atenism and the worship of the Aten as the sole god of ancient Egypt state worship did not persist beyond Akhenaten's death. Not long after his death, one of Akhenaten's Eighteenth Dynasty successors, Tutankhamun, reopened the state temples to other Egyptian gods and re-positioned Amun as the pre-eminent solar deity. Aten is depicted as a solar disc emitting rays terminating in human hands.
Bafra Shooting Range
Bafra Shooting Range, also known as Şehit Mustafa Serin Shooting Range,  (Turkish: Bafra Atış Poligonu or Şehit Mustafa Serin Atış Poligonu) is an indoor shooting range located in Bafra district of Samsun Province, northern Turkey.  It was built for the 2017 Summer Deaflympics.

The tender for the construction of the building was announced on November 16, 2016. Built by the local agency of the Ministry of Youth and Sports, it is situated in Fatih Mah., Sedde Yolu 2. Sok. in Bafra. The venue is a two-story building with a 25 m (82 ft) and a 50 m (160 ft) firing range at each floor. It was opened in June 2017, and named in honor of Mustafa Serin, an officer of the Police Special Operation Department in Ankara, who was killed in the line of duty, (Turkish: Şehit for martyr) during the 2016 Turkish coup d'état attempt. The shooting venue has a seating capacity for 500 spectators.

Police Special Operation Department
The Police Special Operations Department (Turkish: Polis Özel Harekât Dairesi) or Police Special Action (Turkish: Polis Özel Harekât), abbreviated as PÖH, is a police tactical unit of the General Directorate of Security in Turkey.
Paracrangon
Paracrangon is a genus of deep-sea shrimp in the family Crangonidae, found on the Pacific coasts of North America, Asia, and Australia. Morphologically, they are notable for several autapomorphies, most significantly their unique lack of second pereopods, but also for their partially flexible abdomen, which allows them to assume their defensive cataleptic posture. Species also have long spines covering their carapace. They are distinctive among the Crangonid shrimp, and are almost certainly monophyletic.  All species except Paracrangon echinata, the type species, are quite rare.

Autapomorphy
In phylogenetics, an autapomorphy is a distinctive feature, known as a derived trait, that is unique to a given taxon.  That is, it is found only in one taxon, but not found in any others or outgroup taxa, not even those most closely related to the focal taxon (which may be a species, family or in general any clade). It can therefore be considered  as an apomorphy in relation to a single taxon. The word autapomorphy, introduced in 1950 by German entomologist Willi Hennig, is derived from the Ancient Greek words αὐτός (autós), meaning "self"; ἀπό (apó), meaning "away from"; and μορφή (morphḗ), meaning "shape, form".
Geography of Kent
Kent is the south-easternmost county in England.  It is bounded on the north by the River Thames and the North Sea, and on the south by the Straits of Dover and the English Channel.  The continent of Europe is 21 miles across the straits.

Maidstone
Maidstone is the largest town in the county of Kent in South East England, of which it is also the county town. Maidstone is historically important and lies 32 miles (51 km) east-south-east of London. The River Medway runs through the centre of the town, linking it with Rochester and the Thames Estuary. Historically, the river carried much of the town's trade as the centre of the agricultural county of Kent, which is known as the Garden of England. There is evidence of settlement in the area dating back before the Stone Age. The town, part of the borough of Maidstone, had an approximate population of 100,000 in 2019. Since World War II, the town's economy has shifted from heavy industry towards light industry and services.
Pál Pétervári
Pál Pétervári is a Hungarian sprint canoer who competed in the late 1980s and early 1990s. He won two medals in the C-2 10000 m event with a gold in 1991 and a silver in 1987. Bendegúz Pétervári-Molnár is his nephew and Zoltán Molnár is  his brother-in-law; both are Olympic rowers.

1991 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The 1991 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships were held in Paris, France from 21 to 25 August 1991.

The men's competition consisted of eight Canadian (single paddle, open boat) and nine kayak events. Five events were held for the women, all in kayak. This was the first championship with a unified German team for the first time since 1938 following separate East German and West German teams that competed from 1950 to 1990.

This was the 24th championships in canoe sprint.
Luke Webb (cricketer)
Luke Alexander Webb (born 31 December 1995) is an English first-class cricketer.

Webb was born at Stoke Mandeville in Buckinghamshire in December 1995, and educated at Gillingham School. He made his debut in minor counties cricket for Dorset, when he played against Shropshire in the Minor Counties Championship. He later studied at Oxford Brookes University, where he made his debut in first-class cricket in April 2015 for Oxford MCCU against Worcestershire; he played a further first-class match later that month against Middlesex. Webb didn't feature for Oxford MCCU in first-class cricket in 2016 or 2017, but did feature in 2018, playing in one match against Kent at Canterbury. Across his three first-class appearances, he scored a total of 68 runs, with a high score of 32. He has featured in all three formats of minor counties cricket for Dorset.

Dorset County Cricket Club
Dorset County Cricket Club is one of twenty National county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Dorset.

The team is currently a member of the National Counties Cricket Association Championship Western Division 2 and plays in the National Counties Cricket Association Knockout Trophy and the NCCA T20 Competition. Dorset played List A matches occasionally from 1968 until 2004 but is not classified as a List A team per se.

The club is currently without a permanent ground so it uses several club grounds inside the historic county boundaries, where they play their home matches.

In 2023, the County Cricket Club became part of Cricket Dorset Ltd and amalgamated with the Dorset Cricket Board and other Dorset cricket entities.
Jewish Theatre of Pittsburgh
Jewish Theatre of Pittsburgh is a Pittsburgh-based theatre company that produces theatre from a Jewish perspective.  Established in 2001 by Tito Braunstein, the company held productions in the Jewish Community Center in Squirrel Hill until 2007, when it went dark.  In 2011, the theater re-formed with a new board of directors and began producing plays at the Rodef Shalom Congregation in Shadyside.  The theatre has produced established plays such as Israel Horovitz's Lebensraum, Arthur Miller's The Price, and Alfred Uhry's The Last Night of Ballyhoo, as well as newer works such as Aaron Posner's The Chosen and Amy Hartman's Mazel and musicals such as That's Life and Jason Robert Brown's The Last Five Years.

Jason Robert Brown
Jason Robert Brown (born June 20, 1970) is an American musical theatre composer, lyricist, and playwright. Brown's music sensibility fuses pop-rock stylings with theatrical lyrics. He is the recipient of three Tony Awards for his work on Parade and The Bridges of Madison County.
Rose Hill (Earleville, Maryland)
Rose Hill, also known as Chance and Wheeler Point, is a historic home located at Earleville, Cecil County, Maryland, United States. It is the product of four major building periods: a gambrel-roofed frame structure built at the end of the 18th or beginning of the 19th century; a 2+1⁄2-story brick "town house" constructed on the east in 1837; and a small frame kitchen and a one-story wing built in the 1960s.  Also on the property are a smokehouse, ice house, and shed. The garden includes two of the largest yew trees living in the United States. It was the home of General Thomas Marsh Forman (1756–1845), who served as a young man in the American Revolutionary War.

Rose Hill was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.

Entrance in 2013

Cecil County, Maryland
Cecil County is located in the U.S. state of Maryland at the northeastern corner of the state, bordering both Pennsylvania and Delaware. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 103,725. The county seat is Elkton. The county is part of the Mid-Eastern Shore region of the state.

The county was named for Cecil Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore (1605–1675), the first Proprietary Governor of the Province (colony) of Maryland. With the eastern part of the county closer to Philadelphia than Baltimore, it is part of the Philadelphia–Camden–Wilmington, PA–NJ–DE–MD Metropolitan Statistical Area. The county is located in Wilmington's Radio Market and Baltimore's Designated Market Area.
Chegondi Harirama Jogaiah
Chegondi Harirama Jogaiah (born 5 April 1937) is an Indian politician. He served as the Home Minister of Andhra Pradesh in the 1980s. He was a member of the 14th Lok Sabha (2004–2009) representing the Narasapuram constituency. He also served as an MLA four times — Palakollu for two terms in 1972 and 1989 and Narasapuram for two terms in 1983 and 1985.

Harirama Jogaiah resigned from Lok Sabha and Congress membership on 18 August 2008 and joined Praja Rajyam Party. Later, he resigned from Praja Rajyam Party and joined YSR Congress Party, and in March 2014 he resigned from YSR Congress Party. Now he is not active in politics.

Harirama Jogaiah released his political autobiography on 1 November 2015 titled "60 Vasantala Naa Rajakeeya Prasthanam" where he wrote all his political experiences till now. The book is released by NTR's daughter Daggubati Purandheswari and he dedicated his book to NTR. Film lyricist Anantha Sriram is his relative.

Narasapuram Assembly constituency
Narasapuram Assembly constituency is a constituency in West Godavari district of Andhra Pradesh that elects representatives to the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly in India. It is one of the seven assembly segments of Narasapuram Lok Sabha constituency.

Bommidi Narayana Nayakar is the current MLA of the constituency, having won the 2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election from Janasena Party. As of 2019, there are a total of 168,122 electors in the constituency. The constituency was established in 1951, as per the Delimitation Orders (1951).
Costanzi
Costanzi is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Carlo Costanzi (1705–1781), Italian gem engraver

Giovanni Costanzi (1674–1754), Italian gem engraver

Giovanni Battista Costanzi (1704–1778), Italian composer and cellist

Giulio Costanzi (1875–1965), Italian spaceflight scientist

Placido Costanzi (1702–1759), Italian painter

Tommaso Costanzi (1700–1747), Italian gem engraver

Giulio Costanzi
Giulio Cesare Costanzi (25 April 1875 in Contigliano, Italy – 28 August 1965 in Rome, Italy), was an officer of the ITAF Engineers Corps and a pioneer of space studies in Italy. In 1914, he wrote a paper on space navigation that is regarded as the first Italian contribution to space flights on record.
606 (EP)
606 is the fifth Korean EP by Super Junior-D&E, a subgroup of the boy band Super Junior. The album was released on March 26, 2024, under ODE Entertainment. The EP was the first EP released from the duo under their new label since their departure from SM Entertainment. The EP contains six tracks.

SM Entertainment
SM Entertainment Co., Ltd. (Korean: SM엔터테인먼트) is a South Korean multinational entertainment agency established in 1995 by Lee Soo-man. It is one of South Korea's largest entertainment companies and has been responsible for fostering and popularizing the careers of many K-pop stars garnering huge global fanbases. The company operates as a record label, talent agency, music production company, event management and concert production company, and music publishing house. SM Entertainment is known for having led the worldwide K-pop phenomenon and the musical side of "Hallyu", also known as the "Korean Wave", with early overseas successes such as H.O.T., S.E.S., and BoA.

The label currently represents K-pop artists such as Kangta, TVXQ, Super Junior, Girls' Generation, Shinee, Exo, Red Velvet, NCT, Aespa, Riize, Naevis, and Hearts2Hearts.
Raycast (software)
Raycast is an application launcher and productivity software developed for macOS and Windows by Raycast Technologies Ltd. It offers fast access to applications, dictionaries, files, text snippets, clipboard, and more. Raycast is an alternative to the macOS's built-in Spotlight function, with a richer interface and the option to install extensions, providing additional ways to display varied content.

As of 20th November 2025, Raycast entered the Public Beta phase for the Windows port.

Interface (computing)
In computing, an interface is a shared boundary across which two or more separate components of a computer system exchange information. The exchange can be between software, computer hardware, peripheral devices, humans, and combinations of these. Some computer hardware devices, such as a touchscreen, can both send and receive data through the interface, while others such as a mouse or microphone may only provide an interface to send data to a given system.
Chester Gap
Chester Gap, sometimes referred to as  Happy Creek Gap for the creek that runs down its western slope, is a wind gap in the Blue Ridge Mountains on the border of Rappahannock County, Fauquier County, and Warren County in Virginia. The gap is traversed by U.S. Route 522.  The Appalachian Trail also passes across the gap, with a trailhead at the gap.

Fauquier County, Virginia
Fauquier County /fɔːˈkɪər/ is a United States county located on the Piedmont plateau of the Commonwealth of Virginia.  Part of the Northern Virginia region, Fauquier is included in the Washington metropolitan area.  As of the 2020 census, the county population was 72,972. The county seat is the large historic town of  Warrenton.

The county was created in 1759 from part of Prince William County and was named in honor of Francis Fauquier, the administrative head of Virginia Colony at the time.  Fauquier hosts the Virginia Gold Cup, which, having started in 1922, is one of the longest running steeplechase horse race events in the United States.
Tanrıverdi, Kızıltepe
Tanrıverdi (Kurdish: Şemoka) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Kızıltepe, Mardin Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Kîkan tribe and had a population of 210 in 2021.

Mardin Province
Mardin Province (Turkish: Mardin ili; Kurdish: Parêzgeha Mêrdîn; Arabic: محافظة ماردين; Classical Syriac: ܡܪܕܝܢ ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ) is a province and metropolitan municipality in Turkey. Its area is 8,780 km2, and its population is 870,374 (2022). The largest city in the province is Kızıltepe, while the capital Mardin is the second largest city.