hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Moby Prince disaster
The Moby Prince disaster was a major maritime accident resulting in 140 deaths. It occurred in the late evening of Wednesday 10 April 1991, in the harbour of Livorno, Italy. It is the worst disaster in the Italian merchant navy since World War II. It is also considered one of the two worst environmental disasters in Italian history, along with the explosion and loss of the tanker Amoco Milford Haven on the following day in an unrelated accident near Voltri.

MV Moby Prince, a ferry owned by Navigazione Arcipelago Maddalenino (NAVARMA) Lines, collided with the oil tanker Agip Abruzzo, sparking an extensive fire that ravaged the ship. The only survivor of the crew and passengers of the ferry was a young ship's boy, Alessio Bertrand from Naples. The other 140 on board were killed by the fire or toxic fumes.

On 28 May 1998 the ship's hull sank while impounded in a dock in Leghorn Harbour; it was later refloated and sent to be scrapped in Turkey.

Voltri
Voltri is a quartiere of the Italian city of Genoa, located 17 kilometres (10.6 mi) west of the city centre.
It was formerly an independent comune.

In 2015, Voltri and the nearby hamlets included in Genoa's VII Municipio (Crevari, Acquasanta, Vesima, Fabbriche) had a total population of 12,402. Voltri is one of the 3 former municipalities (the other ones are Pra' and Pegli) being part of the Genoa's city VII Municipio.
Paul Dobberstein
Paul Matthias Dobberstein (September 21, 1872 – July 24, 1954) was a German American priest and architect.

Dobberstein was born in Rosenfeld, Germany to Francis "Frank" Dobberstein and Julia Froehlich.

Father Dobberstein was educated at the university of Deutsch-Krone in Germany and at the St. Francis Seminary, in St. Francis, Wisconsin.  He was ordained on June 30, 1897.

He raised a daughter who travelled to his parish on an orphan train.  She is cited as his adopted daughter in the 1910 United States census.

Adoption
Adoption is a process whereby a person assumes the parenting of another, usually a child, from that person's biological or legal parent or parents. Legal adoptions permanently transfer all rights and responsibilities, along with filiation, from the biological parents to the adoptive parents.

Unlike guardianship or other systems designed for the care of the young, adoption is intended to effect a permanent change in status and as such requires societal recognition, either through legal or religious sanction. Historically, some societies have enacted specific laws governing adoption, while others used less formal means (notably contracts that specified inheritance rights and parental responsibilities without an accompanying transfer of filiation). Modern systems of adoption, arising in the 20th century, tend to be governed by comprehensive statutes and regulations.
Texarkana Bears
The Texarkana Bears minor league baseball team played in the East Texas League in 1947 and the Big State League from 1947 to 1953. It was based in the American city of Texarkana, Texas. It was affiliated with the Chicago White Sox in 1946.

In 1947, under manager George Washington, the club won the Big State League championships. It again won the championship in 1950, under manager George Archie.

George Archie
George Albert Archie (April 27, 1914 – September 20, 2001) was a Major League Baseball infielder with the Detroit Tigers, Washington Senators and St. Louis Browns spanning three seasons. Archie was predominantly a third baseman, but also played first base. Archie began his career with the Detroit Tigers in 1938, and subsequently played for the Washington Senators (1941) and St. Louis Browns (1941, 1946).
Heather Kuttai
Heather Kuttai (born either 1969 or 1970) is a Canadian SH3-classified Paralympic shooter who competed in the Paralympic Games. She won two silver medals in each of the women's air pistol 2–6 and the mixed air pistol team open competitions at the 1988 Summer Paralympics in Seoul, and a bronze medal in the mixed air pistol SH1–3 event at the 1992 Summer Paralympics in Barcelona. Kuttai is a 2009 inductee of the Saskatchewan Sports Hall of Fame.

From 2014 until 2023, Kuttai served as a commissioner with the Saskatchewan Human Rights Commission.

Saskatchewan Human Rights Commission
The Saskatchewan Human Rights Commission (French: Commission des droits de la personne de la Saskatchewan) is a body within the Government of Saskatchewan whose mission is "To promote and protect the individual dignity, fundamental freedoms and equal rights of Saskatchewan citizens." It enforces the Saskatchewan Human Rights Code.

Its mission is to prevent and eliminate discrimination; to investigate and resolve complaints of discrimination promptly and effectively; to provide support and remedial action to individuals and groups suffering from discrimination; to promote, approve and monitor equality programs; It is to research and promote educational strategies to advance the principles. Respect equality and diversity, promote understanding of human rights issues, promote leadership in the development and implementation of human rights-related public policies, and promote progress in legislation and human rights protection.
Jilundi, Ganjam
Jilundi is a small village located near Bhanjanagar of Ganjam district in Orissa. It is located 88 km towards north from District Headquarters Chhatrapur and 161 km from the state capital Bhubaneswar. Bhanjanagar, Dihapadhal, Lalsingi, Inginathi, Sanakodanda are the nearby villages to Jilundi. Oriya is the local language here.

Ganjam district
Ganjam district is a district in the Indian state of Odisha. Ganjam's total area is 8,206 km² (3,168 mi²).
The district headquarters is Chhatrapur. Ganjam is divided into three sub-divisions: Chhatrapur, Berhampur, and Bhanjanagar.
As of 2011, It is the most populous district of Odisha (out of 30).
47 Aurigae
47 Aurigae is a star located around 680 light years away from the Sun in the northern constellation of Auriga. It is visible to the naked eye as a dim, orange-hued star with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.88. This object is moving closer to the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity  of −48 km/s, and is expected to come to within 111 ly in around 3.6 million years.

This object is an aging giant star with a stellar classification of K4 III, having exhausted the hydrogen supply at its core then expanded to 36 times the Sun's radius. It is roughly two billion years old with 1.4 times the mass of the Sun. The star is radiating 358 times the luminosity of the Sun from its swollen photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,157 K.

Giant star
A giant star has a substantially larger radius and luminosity than a main-sequence (or dwarf) star of the same surface temperature. They lie above the main sequence (luminosity class V in the Yerkes spectral classification) on the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram and correspond to luminosity classes II and III. The terms giant and dwarf were coined for stars of quite different luminosity despite similar temperature or spectral type (namely K and M) by Ejnar Hertzsprung in 1905 or 1906.

Giant stars have radii up to a few hundred times the Sun and luminosities over 10  times that of the Sun. Stars still more luminous than giants are referred to as supergiants and hypergiants.

A hot, luminous main-sequence star may also be referred to as a giant, but any main-sequence star is properly called a dwarf, regardless of how large and luminous it is.
Supreme Council of National Defence (Romania)
The Supreme Council of National Defence (Consiliul Suprem de Apărare a Ţării; acronym: CSAT) is the autonomous administrative authority in Romania, invested by the Constitution with the task of organising and coordinating, by unanimous decisions, the activities related to the country's defence and national security.

Constitution of Romania
The current Constitution of Romania is the seventh permanent constitution in modern Romania's history. It is the fundamental governing document of Romania that establishes the structure of its government, the rights and obligations of citizens, and its mode of passing laws. It stands as the basis of the legitimacy of the Romanian government. Adopted on 21 November 1991, it was approved on 8 December 1991 in a national referendum and promulgated on the same day.

The constitution was amended once by a referendum on 18 October 2003. The new text took effect on 29 October 2003.
Keith Willis
Keith Willis (born July 29, 1959) is an American former football player and coach. He played professionally as a defensive lineman in the National Football League (NFL), primarily for the Pittsburgh Steelers. He finished his coaching career as the defensive line coach and defensive run coordinator for the North Carolina A&T Aggies of the NCAA.

Born and raised in Newark, New Jersey, Willis played prep football at Malcolm X Shabazz High School.

Position coach
In American football, a position coach is a team official in charge of coaching a specific position group. Position coaches have more specialized duties than the head coach, associate and assistant coach, and the offensive and defensive coordinators.
Albert Einstein Archives
Albert Einstein Archives refers to an archive on the Givat Ram (Edmond J. Safra) campus of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in Jerusalem housing the personal papers of 20th century physicist Albert Einstein.

Edmond Safra
Edmond Jacob Safra (Arabic: إدموند يعقوب صفرا; 6 August 1932 – 3 December 1999) was a Lebanese-Brazilian billionaire banker and philanthropist of Syrian descent. He continued his family tradition of banking in Brazil and Switzerland, and was married to Lily Watkins from 1976 until his death. He died in a fire that attracted wide media interest, and was judicially determined to be due to arson.
Suure-Jaani
Suure-Jaani is a town in the northern part of the county of Viljandimaa in Põhja-Sakala rural municipality, 25 kilometres north of the town of Viljandi. Until 2017, Suure-Jaani was the administrative centre of Suure-Jaani rural municipality.

Populated places in Estonia
Populated places in Estonia are cities or settlement units of rural municipalities, but only cities have administrative functions. Settlement units are divided into settlements and urban regions (subdivisions of cities).

Officially there are four types of settlement unit in Estonia:

village (küla) – a sparsely populated settlement or a densely populated settlement with fewer than 300 permanent inhabitants

small borough (alevik) – a densely populated settlement with at least 300 permanent inhabitants

town (alev) – a densely populated settlement with at least 1000 permanent inhabitants

city (linn) - a densely populated settlement with at least 1000 permanent inhabitants.

As of 2024, there were 47 cities, 13 towns, 186 hamlets and 4457 villages in Estonia. There were 3 cities with under 1000 permanent inhabitants as of 2023.
Acanthophoenix
Acanthophoenix is a genus of flowering plants in the palm family from the Mascarene Islands in the Indian Ocean, where they are commonly called palmiste rouge.  A genus long in flux, three species are currently recognized, though unsustainable levels of harvesting for their edible palm hearts have brought them all to near extinction in habitat.  They are closely related to the Tectiphiala and Deckenia genera, differing in the shape of the staminate flower.  The name combines the Greek words for "thorn" and "date palm".

Heart of palm
Heart of palm is a vegetable harvested from the inner core and growing bud of certain palm trees, most notably the coconut (Cocos nucifera), juçara (Euterpe edulis), açaí palm (Euterpe oleracea), palmetto (Sabal spp.), and peach palm.  Heart of palm may be eaten on its own, and often it is eaten in a salad. Hearts of palm are traditionally harvested in the cultures of Southeast Asia and in South and Central America.
Wang Chenghan
Wang Chenghan (Chinese: 王诚汉; December 1917 – 20 November 2009) was a general in the People's Liberation Army of China who served as political commissar of the PLA Academy of Military Sciences from 1985 to 1990.

He was a delegate to the 5th National People's Congress. He was a member of the 12th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and a member of the 13th Central Advisory Commission of the Chinese Communist Party.

Jiang (rank)
Jiang (formerly romanized chiang and usually translated general or, for navies, admiral) is a general officer (or flag officer for navies) rank used by China and Taiwan. It is also used as jang in North and South Korea, shō in Japan, and tướng in Vietnam.
Synovial bursa
A synovial bursa, usually simply bursa (pl.: bursae or bursas), is a small fluid-filled sac lined by synovial membrane with an inner capillary layer of viscous synovial fluid (similar in consistency to that of a raw egg white). It provides a cushion between bones and tendons and/or muscles around a joint. This helps to reduce friction between the bones and allows free movement. Bursae are found around most major joints of the body.

Synovial fluid
Synovial fluid, also called synovia,[help 1] is a viscous, non-Newtonian fluid found in the cavities of synovial joints. With its egg white–like consistency, the principal role of synovial fluid is to reduce friction between the articular cartilage of synovial joints during movement. Synovial fluid is a small component of the transcellular fluid component of extracellular fluid.
Dasrath Tirkey
Dasrath Tirkey was a member of the All India Trinamool Congress and won the 2014 Indian general elections from the Alipurduars (Lok Sabha constituency). In 2019, he lost the election.

Three Left Front MLAs, Dasarath Tirkey and Ananta Deb Adhikari of RSP(I) and Sunil Mandal of All India Forward Bloc joined TMC in February 2014. He joined Bhartiya Janata Party in 2020.

While in RSP, Dasrath Tirkey was MLA for three consecutive terms in 2001, 2006 and 2011 elections, from Kumargram assembly seat. He was elected M.P. before he completed his last term as MLA.

Trinamool Congress
The Trinamool Congress (TMC; transl. Grassroots Congress), officially All India Trinamool Congress, is an Indian political party that is mainly influential in the state of West Bengal. It was founded by Mamata Banerjee on 1 January 1998 as a breakaway faction of the Indian National Congress and rapidly rose to prominence in the politics of West Bengal under her leadership. Presently, it is ruling the state of West Bengal beside being the third-largest party in India in terms of number of MPs just after the Bharatiya Janata Party and National Congress.

The party won a historic victory in the 2011 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election by ending the 34-year-long Left Front rule, world's longest democratically elected communist government. It has won a three-time majority in the West Bengal Legislative Assembly and has been the ruling party in West Bengal since 20 May 2011. AITC is led by Mamata Banerjee as the chairperson of the party.
Ray Malone
Ray Malone was a tap dancer and choreographer who appeared in films and television programs. He was a regular on Broadway Open House. He had major roles in the films Slightly Terrific and Moonlight in Vermont. He was also a guest on various shows including a handful of appearances on Dagmar's Canteen as well as on the Garry Moore Show. He performed in the Colgate Comedy Hour in a variety of roles. Jerry Lewis introduced Malone in a performance on the show with Eve Young, who sang "Hello, Young Lovers", followed by Malone in a dance and tap performance.

Malone was a dancer and dance director for the musical "Hugs and Kisses". He recorded an album with street performer Moondog.

The Garry Moore Show
The Garry Moore Show is the name for several separate American variety series on the CBS television network in the 1950s and 1960s. Hosted by experienced radio performer Garry Moore, the series helped launch the careers of many comedic talents, such as Dorothy Loudon, Don Adams, George Gobel, Carol Burnett, Don Knotts, Lee Goodman, James Kirkwood, Jr., Lily Tomlin, and Jonathan Winters. The Garry Moore Show garnered a number of Emmy nominations and wins.
Svetoslav Luchnikov
Svetoslav Denchev Luchnikov (family name occasionally also transliterated as Lutschnikov) (Bulgarian: Светослав Денчев Лучников) (3 February 1922 – 27 October 2002) was a Bulgarian jurist and politician who served as the Minister of Justice and Deputy Prime Minister in the Dimitrov cabinet between 8 November 1991 and 30 December 1992.

Philip Dimitrov
Philip Dimitrov Dimitrov (Bulgarian: Филип Димитров Димитров [ˈfilip dimiˈtrɔf]; born 31 March 1955) is a Bulgarian politician, Prime Minister of Bulgaria  1991–2, MP in the 36th (1991–1994), 37th (1994–1997) and the 40th (2005–2007) National Assembly, and MEP from January 2007 to May 2007.
Geology of Sudan
The geology of Sudan formed primarily in the Precambrian, as igneous and metamorphic crystalline basement rock. Ancient terranes and inliers were intruded with granites, granitoids, and volcanic rocks. Units of all types were deformed, reactivated, intruded, and metamorphosed during the Proterozoic Pan-African orogeny. Dramatic sheet flow erosion prevented almost any sedimentary rocks from forming during the Paleozoic and Mesozoic. From the Mesozoic into the Cenozoic, the formation of the Red Sea depression and complex faulting led to massive sediment deposition in some locations and regional volcanism. Sudan has petroleum, chromite, salt, gold, limestone, and other natural resources.

Port Sudan
Port Sudan (Arabic: بور سودان, romanized: Būr Sūdān, Beja: Bar'uut) is a major port city on the Red Sea in eastern Sudan, and the capital of Red Sea State. Port Sudan is Sudan's main seaport and the source of 90% of the country's international trade. The population of Port Sudan was estimated in the 2008 Census of Sudan to be 394,561 people.

Port Sudan has historically been a centre for commercial activity, particularly in the shipping industry.

From April 2023 to January 2026, the Sudanese government largely operated from Port Sudan as a result of intense fighting in the capital city Khartoum in the ongoing civil war, leading to it being described as a de facto capital of the country. Port Sudan also emerged as a refuge for internally displaced persons in Sudan.
Philosophical Association of Japan
The Philosophical Association of Japan (日本哲学会, Nippon Tetsugakukai, PAJ) is the largest learned society for philosophy in Japan. The purpose of the association is to "promote the study of philosophy and active interaction among researchers from philosophy, working as a forum to discuss on research, education and the role of philosophy in the modern world." The association was founded by Japanese philosophers in 1949, with Amano Teiyū (September 30, 1884 – March 6, 1980) being elected its first president. Since 1952, the association has published the journal Philosophy (哲学, Tetsugaku) annually, with Volume 69 releasing in April 2018.

Learned society
A learned society (/ˈlɜːrnɪd/ LEHRN-id; also scholarly, intellectual, or academic society) is an organization that exists to promote an academic discipline, profession, or a group of related disciplines such as the arts and sciences. Membership may be open to all, may require possession of some qualification, or may be an honour conferred by election.

Most learned societies are non-profit organizations, and many are professional associations. Their activities typically include holding regular conferences for the presentation and discussion of new research results, and publishing or sponsoring academic journals in their discipline. Some also act as professional bodies, regulating the activities of their members in the public interest or the collective interest of the membership.
Alisa Knows What to Do!
Alisa Knows What to Do! (Russian: Алиса знает, что делать!, romanized: Alisa znaet, shto delat!) is a Russian animated series, based on the books of Kir Bulychev about Alisa Selezneva. The premiere took place on 16 November 2013 on STS a day before the official birthday of Alisa, and three months later on February 3, 2014 on the Carousel TV channel. This is the first screen version of Alisa Selezneva in which many episodes of the series are original stories and not based directly on the books by Bulychev, and the first screen version made using computer animation.

STS (TV channel)
CTC (or STS, stands for Russian: Сеть Телевизионных Станций, Seť Televizionnyh Stancij, lit. 'Network of television stations' (NTS)) is a commercial television station based in Moscow, Russia. It belongs to the CTC Media company. The company is owned by National Media Group (Russia) and VTB Bank (Russia).
2024 Ethiopian foreign exchange rate policy
On 29 July 2024, the National Bank of Ethiopia (NBE) relaxed restrictions on the value of the Ethiopian birr to secure a loan of $10.7 billion from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank. NBE announced the birr would be devalued by 30% against the US dollar to promote a market-based foreign exchange system amidst the country's foreign exchange crisis. Many Ethiopians were concerned that the policy would increase the cost of living and exacerbate inflation.

Starting on 1 August, the government ordered the closure of dozens of business entities that caused the prices of basic commodities to surge in Addis Ababa. According to the Trade Bureau of Oromia, 19 businesses closed and 16 individuals were detained.

Ethiopian birr
The birr (Amharic: ብር) is the primary unit of currency in Ethiopia. It is subdivided into 100 santims.

In 1931, Emperor Haile Selassie formally requested that the international community use the name Ethiopia (as it had already been known internally for at least 1,600 years) instead of the exonym Abyssinia, and the issuing Bank of Abyssinia also became the Bank of Ethiopia. Thus, the pre-1931 currency may be referred to as the Abyssinian birr and the post-1931 currency the Ethiopian birr, although neither the country nor the currency changed beyond the name.

186 billion birr ($14.7 billion or €9.97 billion) were in circulation in 2008.
Lygia Clark
Lygia Pimentel Lins (23 October 1920 – 25 April 1988), better known as Lygia Clark, was a Brazilian artist best known for her painting and installation work. She was often associated with the Brazilian Constructivist movements of the mid-20th century and the Tropicalia movement. Along with Brazilian artists Amilcar de Castro, Franz Weissmann, Lygia Pape and poet Ferreira Gullar, Clark co-founded the Neo-Concrete movement. From 1960 on, Clark discovered ways for viewers (who would later be referred to as "participants") to interact with her art works. Clark's work dealt with the relationship between inside and outside, and, ultimately, between self and world.

Ferreira Gullar
José Ribamar Ferreira (September 10, 1930 – December 4, 2016), known by his pen name Ferreira Gullar, was a Brazilian poet, playwright, essayist, art critic, and television writer. In 1959, he was instrumental in the formation of the Neo-Concrete Movement.