hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation between Spain and Portugal
The Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation between Spain and Portugal (Spanish: Tratado de Amistad y Cooperación entre España y Portugal, Portuguese: Tratado de Amizade e Cooperação entre Portugal e Espanha) is a bilateral treaty of friendship signed between Spain and Portugal on 22 November 1977. It was ratified on 17 April 1978 in Portugal and on 25 April 1978 in Spain. Its stated goals were to strengthen the bonds of friendship and solidarity between the two countries. It was signed by Portuguese Prime Minister Mário Soares and Spanish Prime Minister Adolfo Suárez.

The treaty replaced the Iberian Pact signed in 1939, and followed both countries' transitions into democracies, after the Carnation Revolution in Portugal and the 1977 Spanish general election.

Mário Soares
Mário Alberto Nobre Lopes Soares GColTE, GCC, GColL (European Portuguese: [ˈmaɾju alˈβɛɾtu ˈnɔβɾɨ ˈlɔpɨʃ suˈaɾɨʃ]; 7 December 1924 – 7 January 2017) was a Portuguese politician, who served as prime minister of Portugal from 1976 to 1978 and from 1983 to 1985, and subsequently as the president of Portugal from 1986 to 1996. He was the first secretary-general of the Socialist Party, from its foundation in 1973 to 1986. A major political figure in Portugal, he is considered the father of Portuguese democracy.
Run (Matt Nathanson and Sugarland song)
"Run" is a song written by American singer-songwriter Matt Nathanson with Jennifer Nettles and Kristian Bush of country duo Sugarland, and recorded for Nathanson's seventh studio album, Modern Love (2011). The song is performed as a duet between Nathanson and Nettles, with Bush contributing backing vocals as well as the acoustic and electric guitar accompaniments. It made its debut at the 2010 CMA Awards on November 9, 2011. A remastered country version was released to digital retailers via Vanguard Records the same day as the third single from Modern Love.

Country Music Association Awards
The Country Music Association Awards, also known as the CMA Awards or CMAs, are presented to country music artists and broadcasters to recognize outstanding achievement in the country music industry. The televised annual presentation ceremony features performances and award presentations by popular country music artists, with occasional appearances from pop and rock artists. The CMA Awards were first presented in 1967, and televised for the first time the following year.
2015–16 FIBA Europe Cup
The 2015–16 FIBA Europe Cup was the inaugural season of the newly formed basketball competition organised by FIBA. The season started on 21 October 2015 and ended on 1 May 2016.

The competition replaced the FIBA EuroChallenge and had the aim to take the place of Eurocup (organised by Euroleague Basketball), as the second-tier competition in Europe.

FIBA EuroChallenge
FIBA EuroChallenge (called the FIBA Europe League in 2003–05, and FIBA EuroCup in 2005–08) was the 3rd-tier continental club basketball competition in Europe, from 2003 to 2015. It was organized and run by FIBA Europe. It is not to be confused with the FIBA EuroCup Challenge – the defunct 4th-tier competition, which was also organized and run by FIBA Europe, played between 2002–03 and 2006–07. In 2015, FIBA dissolved the EuroChallenge, in order to start the Basketball Champions League (BCL) and FIBA Europe Cup (FEC), in order to extend opportunities outside the competitions organized by the Euroleague Basketball.
M. O. H. F. Shahjahan
M. O. H. F. Shahjahan is an Indian politician. He is a member of the Indian National Congress in the Union Territory of Puducherry. He won the 2016 Puducherry Legislative Assembly election from Kalapet constituency by a narrow margin of 500 votes over All India N.R Congress' candidate P.M.L. Kalyanasundram who had earlier defeated him in the 2011 Puducherry Legislative Assembly election in the same constituency. He has been a Revenue, transport, IT, minority affairs minister in the Government of Puducherry. He represented Lawspet constituency between 2001 and 2011 and Kalapet constituency from 2016 to 2021. He is also the son of M. O. H. Farook who was former Chief Minister of Pondicherry.

He contested the Kamaraj Nagar Constituency in 2021 and lost to Johnkumar of BJP.

Government of Puducherry
Government of Puducherry (Tamil: Putuccēri aracu, Malayalam: Puthucheri sarkkaar, Telugu: Puduccēri prabhutvamu, French: Gouvernement de Poudouchéry) is the union territorial government for the union territory of Puducherry, India. It is headed by the Lieutenant Governor of Puducherry. Its capital is located at Pondicherry.
Hatun Kunka (Huaylas-Yungay)
Hatun Kunka (Quechua hatun big, kunka throat, gullet, "big throat (or gullet)", also spelled Jatuncunca) is a mountain in the Cordillera Negra in the Andes of Peru which reaches a height of approximately 4,400 m (14,436 ft). It is located in the Ancash Region, Huaylas Province, Pamparomas District, and in the Yungay Province, Quillo District.

Pamparomas District
The Pamparomas District is one of 10 districts of the Huaylas Province in the Ancash Region of Peru. The capital of the district is the village of Pamparomas. The district was founded on January 2, 1857.
Yermolayev
Yermolayev (Russian: Ермолаев, Ukrainian: Єрмолаєв, masculine) and Yermolayeva (Russian: Ермолаева; feminine) is an East Slavic patronymic surname. Yermolayev is derived from the given name Yermolay (or Ermolai, Ermolay, Yermolai; Russian: Ермолай), which was from the Greek Hermolaos, meaning "the people of Hermes".

"Yermolayev" may also be  romanized as Ermolaeff, Ermolaev, Ermolajew, Ermolayev, Iermolaïev, Jermolajeff, Jermolajev, Jermolajew, Yermolaeff, Yermolaev, Yermolaieff, Yermolaiev, or Yermolaiew.

Notable people with this surname include:

Aleksey Yermolayev (1910-1975), Soviet ballet dancer

Galina Yermolayeva, multiple persons

Nikita Ermolaev

Vadim Yermolayev, Russian ice hockey player

Vadym Iermolaiev

Vera Ermolaeva

Vladimir Yermolaev (1909-1944), Soviet aircraft designer

Yelizaveta Yermolayeva

Aleksey Yermolayev
Aleksey Nikolayevich Yermolayev (Russian: Алексе́й Никола́евич Ермола́ев; 23 February [O.S. 10 February] 1910 – 12 December 1975) was a Soviet and Russian ballet dancer, choreographer and teacher. He played an important role in the development of Russian ballet between 1950 and 1975, and he was considered an outstanding actor. People's Artist of the USSR (1970).
Tholey Abbey
Tholey Abbey (German: Abtei Tholey) in Tholey, in the district of Sankt Wendel in Saarland, Germany, is a Benedictine monastery dedicated to Saint Maurice. It is part of the Beuronese Congregation within the Benedictine Confederation.

Saint Maurice
Maurice (also Moritz, Morris, Maurits, or Mauritius; Coptic: Ⲁⲃⲃⲁ Ⲙⲱⲣⲓⲥ) was an Egyptian military leader who headed the legendary Theban Legion of Rome in the 3rd century, and is one of the favourite and most widely venerated saints of that martyred group. He is the patron saint of several professions, locales, and kingdoms.
Sagat (wrestler)
Hiroshi Sagawa (佐川博志, Sagawa Hiroshi) better known mononymously by his ring name Sagat (often stylized in capital letters as SAGAT) is a Japanese professional wrestler currently working as a freelancer and is best known for his tenure with the Japanese promotions DDT Pro-Wrestling and Big Japan Pro Wrestling.

Yokohama Shopping Street 6-Man Tag Team Championship
Yokohama Shopping Street 6-Man Tag Team Championship is a professional wrestling six-man tag team championship owned by the Big Japan Pro Wrestling (BJW) promotion. The title was created on August 4, 2012. As the name suggests, the title is usually defended in the Yokohama shopping street area. The title was first announced in May 2012 and the first champions were crowned when the team of Kazuki Hashimoto, Takumi Tsukamoto and Yuji Okabayashi defeated Yoshihito Sasaki, Shinya Ishikawa and Masashi Otani in a six-man tag team match.

There have been a total of 52 reigns shared between 38 different teams consisting of 52 distinctive champions. The current champions are Kengo Takai, Kenta Kosugi and Mari Manji who are in their first reign as a team.
It's a Big Country
It's a Big Country: An American Anthology is a 1951 American anthology film consisting of eight segments by seven directors: Richard Thorpe, John Sturges, Charles Vidor, Don Weis, Clarence Brown, William A. Wellman and Don Hartman.

John Sturges
John Eliot Sturges (/ˈstɜːrdʒɪs/; January 3, 1910 – August 18, 1992) was an American film director. His films include Bad Day at Black Rock (1955), Gunfight at the O.K. Corral (1957), The Magnificent Seven (1960), The Great Escape (1963), and Ice Station Zebra (1968). In 2013 and 2018, respectively, The Magnificent Seven and Bad Day at Black Rock were selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".
Amelacanthus
Amelacanthus is an extinct genus of elasmobranchian cartilaginous fish from the Paleozoic era. It is known from fin spines and currently contains four described species. It is known from the Permian and Carboniferous of North America, Europe, and Africa. It is also known from the Famennian of Russia. Possible specimens of Amelacanthus were found in Permian (Wordian) sediments of Oman.

Wordian
In the geologic timescale, the Wordian is an age or stage of the Permian. It is the middle of three subdivisions of the Guadalupian Epoch or Series. The Wordian lasted between 266.9 and 264.28 million years ago (Ma). It was preceded by the Roadian and followed by the Capitanian.
Glina, Tomaszów Mazowiecki County
Glina [ˈɡlina] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Rzeczyca, within Tomaszów Mazowiecki County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) south-west of Rzeczyca, 17 km (11 mi) east of Tomaszów Mazowiecki, and 59 km (37 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

Tomaszów County, Łódź Voivodeship
Tomaszów County (Polish: powiat tomaszowski) is a county in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Tomaszów Mazowiecki, which lies 49 kilometres (30 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

The county covers an area of 1,025.7 square kilometres (396.0 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 120,973, out of which the population of Tomaszów Mazowiecki is 66,705 and the rural population is 54,268.
Princess Doreen
Princess Doreen (1921–1952) was a Thoroughbred racehorse best known for being the top American female money-winner. After showing promising form as a two-year-old she improved to be the best female racehorse of her generation for the next three seasons. Not only did she race males and win, but she did so carrying high weight (often up to 133 pounds) for four years.

Pimlico Cup
The Pimlico Cup Handicap was an American horse race for Thoroughbreds run between 1919 and 1961 at Pimlico Race Course in Baltimore, Maryland. A long-distance race on dirt for stayers age three an older, twenty-three of its twenty-five runnings were run at more than two miles.
Symphony No. 5 (Honegger)
The Symphony No. 5 by Swiss composer Arthur Honegger is a three-movement work for orchestra written in the autumn of 1950. Its subtitle Di tre re (of the three Ds) is a reference to the D (re) played by the solo timpani and basses at the end of each movement. It was commissioned by the Natalie Koussevitzky Foundation and first performed on 9 March 1951 by the Boston Symphony Orchestra under Charles Munch.

Honegger's Fifth Symphony is a three-movement work with a total running time of about 22 minutes. Its three movements are marked:

Grave (approx. 7'20")

Allegretto - Adagio - Allegretto - Adagio - Allegretto (approx. 9'00")

Allegro marcato (approx. 5'30")

This symphony is published by Éditions Salabert.

Serge Koussevitzky
Serge Koussevitzky (born Sergey Aleksandrovich Kusevitsky; Russian: Сергей Александрович Кусевицкий, IPA: [sʲɪrˈɡʲej ɐlʲɪkˈsandrəvʲɪtɕ kʊsʲɪˈvʲitskʲɪj];  26 July [O.S. 14 July] 1874 – 4 June 1951) was a Russian and American conductor, composer, and double-bassist, known for his long tenure as music director of the Boston Symphony Orchestra from 1924 to 1949.
Thermomechanical processing
Thermomechanical processing is a metallurgical process that combines mechanical or plastic deformation process like compression or forging, rolling, etc. with thermal processes like heat-treatment, water quenching, heating and cooling at various rates into a single process.

Forging
Forging is a manufacturing process involving the shaping of metal using localized compressive forces.  The blows are delivered with a hammer (often a power hammer) or a die.  Forging is often classified according to the temperature at which it is performed: cold forging (a type of cold working), warm forging, or hot forging (a type of hot working). For the latter two, the metal is heated, usually in a forge. Forged parts can range in weight from less than a kilogram to hundreds of metric tons. Forging has been done by smiths for millennia; the traditional products were kitchenware, hardware, hand tools, edged weapons, cymbals, and jewellery.

Since the Industrial Revolution, forged parts are widely used in mechanisms and machines wherever a component requires high strength; such forgings usually require further processing (such as machining) to achieve a finished part. Today, forging is a major worldwide industry.
Lincoln Woods State Park
Lincoln Woods State Park is a public recreation area covering 627 acres (254 ha) around Olney Pond four miles (6.4 km) northwest of Pawtucket in the town of Lincoln, Rhode Island. The state park is known for its giant glacial boulders and the stony nature of its terrain which prevented most of the parkland from being used as farmland or for other development.

Pawtucket, Rhode Island
Pawtucket (/pəˈtʌkɪt/ ⓘ pə-TUK-it) is a city in Providence County, Rhode Island, United States. The population was 75,604 at the 2020 census, making the city the fourth-largest in the state. Pawtucket borders Providence and East Providence to the south, Central Falls and Lincoln to the north, and North Providence to the west. The city also borders the Massachusetts municipalities of Seekonk and Attleboro.

Pawtucket was an early and important center of textile manufacturing. It is home to Slater Mill, a historic textile mill recognized for helping to found the Industrial Revolution in the United States.
Lomagna
Lomagna (Brianzöö: Lumàgna) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Lecco in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northeast of Milan and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) south of Lecco.

Lomagna borders the following municipalities: Carnate, Casatenovo, Missaglia, Osnago, Usmate Velate.

Brianzöö dialect
Brianzöö (modern orthography) or Brianzoeu (historical orthography) is a group of variants (Prealpine and Western Lombard – macromilanese) of the Western variety of the Lombard language, spoken in the region of Brianza.
Text (company)
Text (WSE: TXT), previously known as LiveChat Software, is a Polish software company specializing in customer service and artificial intelligence solutions. Based in Wrocław, it offers a suite of tools for B2B and B2C communication, including popular platforms like LiveChat, ChatBot, and HelpDesk. The company is publicly listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange.

The company was founded in Wroclaw, Poland in 2002, and also has US offices in Boston, Massachusetts. In 2023, the company rebranded from “LiveChat Software” to “Text” to reflect its broadened focus on artificial intelligence and e-commerce solutions.

It serves more than 28,000 paid customers in over 150 countries, including Adobe, AirAsia, Best Buy, Better Business Bureau, ING, Huawei, Orange, and PayPal.

Business-to-business
Business-to-business (B2B or, in some countries, BtoB or B4B) refers to trade and commercial activity where a business sees other businesses as its customer base. This typically occurs when:

A business sources materials for its production process for output (e.g., a food manufacturer purchasing salt), i.e. providing raw material to the other company that will produce output.

A business needs the services of another for operational reasons (e.g., a food manufacturer employing an accountancy firm to audit their finances).

A business re-sells goods and services produced by others (e.g., a retailer buying the end product from the food manufacturer).

Business-to-business activity is thought to allow business segmentation.

B2B is often contrasted with business-to-consumer (B2C) trade, the latter of which typically sells directly to the general public and consumers, rather than other businesses and organisations.
Matthew Powell (Australian footballer)
Matthew Powell (born 27 September 1973) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Adelaide in the Australian Football League (AFL).

Powell was recruited from South Adelaide, with the 56th selection of the 1992 AFL draft and played two league games in 1993. Over the next two season he made 14 appearances, seven each year, but didn't do enough to stay on Adelaide's list.

He kept playing SANFL football until retiring at the end of the 2004 season. In 2002 he was a member of the Sturt which ended their 26-year premiership drought. Playing as a defender, he was awarded the Jack Oatey Medal for his grand final performance.

His son Tom Powell also played for Sturt and was drafted by North Melbourne in the 2020 AFL draft.

Jack Oatey Medal
The Jack Oatey Medal is awarded to the best player during the SANFL Grand Final. It has been awarded since 1981. In 2018, Mitch Grigg of Norwood became the first player to win the Jack Oatey Medal on a losing team, after his team were defeated by North Adelaide in the 2018 SANFL Grand Final.
IBM Type-III Library
The IBM Type-III Library (also: Type-III software, Type-III product) was software provided by IBM to its customers, available without charge, liability, or support, and typically (perhaps always) in source-code format. The best known examples are for mainframe software, but IBM also used this same classification on smaller systems.

IBM also distributed other systems in source code form. Most early operating systems were shipped in this way. Source distribution of the VM family of operating systems continued for several decades after it supplanted CP/CMS from the Type-III Library, and TPF was always distributed in source form, apparently continued today with z/TPF. Unlike Type-III software, such systems were supported by IBM.

VM (operating system)
VM, often written VM/CMS, is a family of virtual machine operating systems used on IBM mainframes including the System/370, System/390, IBM Z and compatible systems. It replaced the older CP-67 that formed the basis of the CP/CMS operating system. It was first released as the free Virtual Machine Facility/370 for the S/370 in 1972, followed by chargeable upgrades and versions that added support for new hardware.

VM creates virtual machines into which a conventional operating system may be loaded to allow user programs to run. Originally, that operating system was CMS, a simple single-user system similar to DOS. VM can also be used with a number of other IBM operating systems, including large systems like MVS or VSE, which are often run on their own without VM. In other cases, VM is used with a more specialized operating system or even programs that provided many OS features. These include RSCS and MUMPS, among others.
Weird number
In number theory, a weird number is a natural number that is abundant but not semiperfect. In other words, the sum of the proper divisors (divisors including 1 but not itself) of the number is greater than the number, but no subset of those divisors sums to the number itself.

Subset
In mathematics, a set A is a subset of a set B if and only if all elements of A are also elements of B; B is then a superset of A. It is possible for A and B to be equal; if they are unequal, then A is a proper subset of B. The relationship of one set being a subset of another is called inclusion (or sometimes containment). A is a subset of B may also be expressed as B includes (or contains) A or A is included (or contained) in B. A k-subset is a subset with k elements.

When quantified,  is represented as

One can prove the statement  by applying a proof technique known as the element argument:

Let sets A and B be given. To prove that 
suppose that a is a particular but arbitrarily chosen element of A
show that a is an element of B.

The validity of this technique can be seen as a consequence of universal generalization: the technique shows  for an arbitrarily chosen element c. Universal generalisation then implies  which is equivalent to  as stated above.
Herb Nab
Herb Nab (April 1, 1927 – October 29, 1988) was a NASCAR Grand National/Winston Cup Series crew chief. He is regarded by many as one of the greatest crew chiefs in NASCAR history. Nab earned two NASCAR Cup championships and multiple wins in the Daytona 500 and Southern 500, and prepared winning cars for drivers such as Joe Weatherly, Curtis Turner, Fireball Roberts, Fred Lorenzen, Junior Johnson, LeeRoy Yarbrough, Bobby Allison, Cale Yarborough, and Buddy Baker.

Nab was called "one of the sport's first superstar crew chiefs" and was called by his peers as "the first of the really top chassis experts in NASCAR."

Junior Johnson
Robert Glenn Johnson Jr.  (June 28, 1931 – December 20, 2019), better known as Junior Johnson, was an American professional stock car racing driver, engineer, and team owner as well as an entrepreneur. He won 50 NASCAR races in his career before retiring in 1966. In the 1970s and 1980s, he became a NASCAR racing team owner, winning the NASCAR championship with Cale Yarborough and Darrell Waltrip three times each; Johnson was the first owner to win multiple championships with multiple drivers. He is credited as the first to use the drafting technique in stock car racing. He was nicknamed "The Last American Hero," and his autobiography and movie based on his upbringing is of the same name. In May 2007, Johnson teamed with Piedmont Distillers of Madison, North Carolina, to introduce the company's second moonshine product, called "Midnight Moon Moonshine", a nod to the days of his early youth in the 1940s when he made a living as a moonshiner/moonrunner and bootlegger.
Mikhail Skopin-Shuisky
Prince Mikhail Vasilyevich Skopin-Shuisky (Russian: Михаил Васильевич Скопин-Шуйский; 18 November [O.S. 8 November] 1586 – 3 May [O.S. 23 April] 1610) was a Russian statesman and military figure during the Time of Troubles. He was the last representative of a cadet branch of the Shuysky family.

Prince
A prince is a male ruler (ranked below a king, grand prince, and grand duke) or a male member of a monarch's or former monarch's family. Prince is also a title of nobility (often highest), often hereditary, in some European states. The female equivalent is a princess. The English word derives, via the French word prince, from the Latin noun prīnceps, from primus (first) and caput (head), meaning "the first, foremost, the chief, most distinguished, noble ruler, prince".

In a related sense, now not commonly used, all more or less sovereign rulers over a state, including kings, were "princes" in the language of international politics. They normally had another title, for example king or duke. Many of these were Princes of the Holy Roman Empire.