hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Julius Elias
Julius Elias (12 July 1861 – 2 July 1927) was a German art historian, literary historian and translator.

He was born in Hoya and died in Berlin. his parents were Louis Juda Elias and Helene Elias. He was a lecturer in art history at the Technische Hochschule Charlottenburg, and also an art collector. As an art critic he favored Impressionism. In literature, he is among other known as a co-publisher of German translations of Henrik Ibsen (14 volumes, 1898-1909) and Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson (4 volumes, 1911).

Elias married Juliane (Julie) Levy, a successful author, in 1888.

With his wife Julie, Elias had a son, Ludwig Elias (1891–1942 also known as Karl Ludwig Elias), who was murdered by the Nazis at Auschwitz.

Julie Elias (author)
Julie Elias (born 6 June 1866 in Berlin as Julie Levi; died spring 1945 in Lillehammer in occupied Norway) was a German fashion journalist and author of cookbooks, which also dealt with Jewish cuisine. She was worldly, highly educated, and during her lifetime known beyond the borders of Germany as a culinary salonnière and successful writer. In 1938, persecuted as a Jew, she had to flee Germany. After the destruction of European Jewry in the Holocaust, there were hardly any traces of her left in the public memory.
Baroudeurs de Pia XIII
Baroudeurs de Pia XIII are a French Rugby league team based in Pia, Pyrénées-Orientales in the Languedoc-Roussillon region. SM Pia XIII was founded in 1960 and were national champions four times before they dropped out of the Elite 1 division after the 2012–13 season. Baroudeurs de Pia, who were formed in 1999, were a reserve team of SM Pia playing in the lower divisions and went dormant shortly after SM Pia had done so. When they were revived two years later they became the principal club in Pia. They play in the Super XIII the top level of rugby league in France. Home games are played at the Stade Daniel-Ambert.

Pyrénées-Orientales
Pyrénées-Orientales (French: [piʁene ɔʁjɑ̃tal] ⓘ; Catalan: Pirineus Orientals [piɾiˈnɛwz uɾiənˈtals]; Occitan: Pirenèus Orientals [piɾeˈnɛwz uɾjenˈtals]; lit. 'Eastern Pyrenees'), also known as Northern Catalonia, is a department of the region of Occitania, Southern France, adjacent to the northern Spanish frontier and the Mediterranean Sea. It borders the departments of Ariège to the northwest and Aude to the north, the Mediterranean Sea to the east and the Spanish province of Girona in Catalonia to the south and the country of Andorra to the west. It also surrounds the tiny Spanish exclave of Llívia, and thus has two distinct borders with Spain. In 2019, it had a population of 479,979. Some parts of the Pyrénées-Orientales (like the Cerdagne) are part of the Iberian Peninsula. It is named after the Pyrenees mountain range. Historically, most of the department corresponds with the northern part of the medieval and early modern Principality of Catalonia.
Duchess Marie of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Russia (Russian: Мари́я Па́вловна Романова, romanized: Mariya Pavlovna Romanova; born Duchess Marie of Mecklenberg-Schwerin 14 May [O.S. 2 May] 1854 – 6 September 1920), was the eldest daughter of Grand Duke Friedrich Franz II of Mecklenburg-Schwerin by his first wife, Princess Augusta Reuss of Köstritz. A prominent hostess in Saint Petersburg following her marriage in 1874 to the Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich of Russia, she was known by many as the "grandest of the grand duchesses".

Elinor Glyn
Elinor Glyn (née Sutherland; 17 October 1864 – 23 September 1943) was a British novelist and scriptwriter who specialised in romantic fiction, which was considered scandalous for its time, although her works are relatively tame by modern standards. She popularized the concept of the "it girl", and had tremendous influence on early 20th-century popular culture and, possibly, on the careers of notable Hollywood stars such as Rudolph Valentino, Gloria Swanson and, especially, Clara Bow.
Izidor Kovárik
Izidor Kovárik (29 March 1917 – 11 July 1944) was a fighter pilot in the Czechoslovak Air Force (1938–1939) and Slovak Air Force (1939–1944) who became a flying ace on the Eastern Front in the Second World War. He became Slovakia's second-highest scoring fighter ace, shooting down 28 Soviet aircraft and probably one more. He was killed in an aircraft accident in 1944.

Fighter pilot
A fighter pilot or combat pilot is a military aviator trained to engage in air-to-air combat, air-to-ground combat and sometimes electronic warfare while in the cockpit of a fighter aircraft. Fighter pilots undergo specialized training in aerial warfare and dogfighting (close range aerial combat). A fighter pilot with at least five air-to-air kills becomes known as an ace.
Gloeoporus orientalis
Gloeoporus orientalis is a species of crust fungus in the family Irpicaceae. Found in East Asia, it was described as a new species in 2018 by Paul Jung and Young Wood Lim. The type collection was made in Geojedo, Korea, where it was found growing on a fallen angiosperm trunk.

Gloeoporus orientalis has a monomitic hyphal system, and its generative hyphae have clamp connections. Its spores are sausage-shaped (allantoid), measuring 3.0–3.6 by 0.6–0.8 μm, while the basidia are club shaped and measure 11.4–12.5 by 2.5–2.8 μm. G. dichrous is similar in appearance to G. orientalis, but can the former can be distinguished by its larger pores, larger basidia, and the more cylindrical shape of its spores. G. orientalis has been found in China, Taiwan, Korea, and Japan.

Clamp connection
A clamp connection is a hook-like structure formed by growing hyphal cells of certain fungi. It is a characteristic feature of basidiomycete fungi. It is created to ensure that each cell, or segment of hypha separated by septa (cross walls), receives a set of differing nuclei, which are obtained through mating of hyphae of differing sexual types. It is used to maintain genetic variation within the hypha much like the mechanisms found in croziers (hooks) during the sexual reproduction of ascomycetes.
Rameswar Teli
Rameswar Teli (born 14 August 1970) is an Indian politician and member of Bharatiya Janata Party. Currently, he is a Rajya Sabha MP representing Assam. He was a Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha representing Dibrugarh (Lok Sabha constituency) from 2014 to 2024 and the Minister of State of Petroleum and Natural Gas and Labour and Employment in the Second Modi ministry from 2021 to 2024. Previously, he served as the Minister of State for Ministry of Food Processing Industries from 2019 to 2020 and a member of the Assam Legislative Assembly from Duliajan from 2001 to 2011.

Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha
A Member of Parliament in the Lok Sabha (abbreviated: MP) is the representative of a legislative constituency in the Lok Sabha; the lower house of the Parliament of India. Members of parliament of Lok Sabha are chosen by direct elections on the basis of the adult suffrage. The maximum permitted strength of members of parliament in the Lok Sabha is 550. This includes the maximum 530 members to represent the constituencies and states and up to 20 members to represent the union territories (both chosen by direct elections). Between 1952 and January 25, 2020, two seats were reserved for members of the Anglo-Indian community. The current elected strength of the Lok Sabha is 543. The party—or coalition of parties—having a majority in the Lok Sabha chooses the Prime Minister of India.

All Members of Lok Sabha rank 21st in the Order of Precedence of India.
Bluzhev (Hasidic dynasty)
Bluzhev (also spelled Bluzhov or Bluzov) is a Hasidic dynasty originating in Błażowa, Poland and currently based in Brooklyn, NY. Founded by Rabbi Tzvi Elimelech Spira in the early 1880s, it was destroyed during the Holocaust and reestablished in the United States by Rabbi Yisroel Spira. In 2015, after the death of Grand Rabbi Tzvi Yehuda Spira, the court splintered into three smaller groups, one retaining the name Bluzev and the others going under the names Ribatitch and Bluzhev. All are centered in Brooklyn.

Tzvi Elimelech Spira of Dinov
Tzvi Elimelech Spira of Dinov
(צבי אלימלך שפירא מדינוב)
 
(1783-1841) was a leading Hasidic Rebbe in Poland, founder of the Dinov Dynasty.
He was a prolific writer, best known as the author of Bnei Yissachar, by which title he is also called.
He is also referred to by the Hebrew acronym  מהרצ"א.
2022 Hawaii Senate election
The 2022 Hawaii Senate elections were held on November 8, 2022, to elect senators in all 25 districts of the state Senate of the U.S. state of Hawaii. Due to the chamber's use of the 2-4-4 term system, members were elected in single-member constituencies, with half of them serving two-year terms and the other half serving four-year terms. These elections were held concurrently with various federal and state elections, including for governor of Hawaii. Partisan primaries were held on August 13.

The Democratic Party maintained supermajority control of the chamber, although Republicans were able to win two seats, a first for the party since the 2008 election.

Democratic Party of Hawaiʻi
The Democratic Party of Hawaiʻi (DPH; Hawaiian: ʻAoʻao Kemokalaka o Hawaiʻi) is the affiliate of the Democratic Party in the state of Hawaii.

It is currently the dominant party in the state, and is one of the strongest affiliates of the national Democratic Party. The party currently controls both of Hawaii's U.S. House seats, both U.S. Senate seats, the governorship, and has supermajorities in both houses of the state legislature, controlling nearly 90% of all legislative seats.
1956 Small Club World Cup
The 1956 Small Club World Cup was the fifth edition of the Small Club World Cup, a tournament held in Venezuela between 1952 and 1957, in certain years between 1963 and 1970, and in 1975. It was played by four participants, 3 from Europe and 1 from South America in double round robin format, and featured players like Alfredo Di Stéfano, Héctor Rial, Francisco Gento, Miguel Muñoz for Real Madrid, Uruguayan Alcides Ghiggia for Roma, Vavá for Vasco da Gama, Hernâni Silva, and Virgílio Mendes for Porto. This was Di Stéfano's second participation and trophy and his first with Real Madrid.

Real Madrid crowned champion of the competition, achieving their second Small World Cup trophy, while Argentines Alfredo Di Stéfano and Héctor Rial, along with Brazilians Vavá and Sabará, were the topscorers with 4 goals each.

Alcides Ghiggia
Alcides Edgardo Ghiggia Pereyra (22 December 1926 – 16 July 2015) was a Uruguayan and Italian footballer who played as a right winger. He achieved lasting fame for his decisive role in the final match of the 1950 World Cup, and at the time of his death exactly 65 years later, he was also the last surviving player of Uruguay's 1950 World Cup squad.
Brooklyn Citizen
The Brooklyn Citizen was a newspaper serving Brooklyn in New York City from 1887 to 1947. It became influential under editor Andrew McLean (1848-1922), a Scottish immigrant from Renton, West Dunbartonshire. Its offices were located at Fulton and Adams Streets near Borough Hall in Downtown Brooklyn, in a section of buildings later demolished for the construction of Cadman Plaza.

Cadman Plaza
Cadman Plaza is a park located on the border of the Brooklyn Heights and Downtown Brooklyn neighborhoods in Brooklyn, New York City. Named for Reverend Doctor Samuel Parkes Cadman (1864–1936), a renowned minister in the Brooklyn Congregational Church, it is built on land reclaimed by condemnation in 1935 and was named as a park in 1939. The park borders Cadman Plaza West and Cadman Plaza East and the west and east sides of the plaza, respectively.

The Brooklyn War Memorial and William Jay Gaynor Memorial are installed in the park.
United Kingdom of Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia
The United Kingdom of Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia was the name given to the reconquest project proposed in 1846 by the former president of Ecuador, Juan José Flores, who was exiled in France after being dispossessed of power.

The project planned to obtain the three main territories of the Spanish Empire in the Viceroyalty of Peru – The Province of Quito (Republic of Ecuador), Viceroyalty of Peru (Peruvian Republic) and the region of Upper Peru (Republic of Bolivia).

Peruvian Republic (1838–1839)
The Peruvian Republic was a state that seceded from the Peru–Bolivian Confederation in 1838 under the leadership of General Luis Orbegoso.

Its territory comprised the totality of North Peru, which by a majority of votes proclaimed itself independent of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation. This was not accepted by the Confederation, however, and both countries went to war during the War of the Confederation. After Orbegoso and Santa Cruz reached an agreement, the country ceased to exist as a sovereign state on October 20, 1838 and instead became an autonomous republic within the confederation until its defeat by Agustín Gamarra and his United Restoration Army in 1839.
Falcon City of Wonders
Falcon City of Wonders (FCW) is a Dubai-based real-estate project was founded in 2005. The project include international-themed villas, spacious apartments, shopping malls, hotels, business offices, fine-dining restaurants, health clubs, spas, nurseries, schools and parks. When viewed from above, the development resembles a falcon, the national bird of the UAE, with the Falcon Mall forming the head of the falcon. As of 2022, the project has only completed the Left Wing of the city, with major portions still on hold. It is located in Wadi Al Safa 2, a short distance from the Global Village and the Arabian Ranches.

Arabian Ranches
Arabian Ranches is an upscale gated villa community in Dubai, United Arab Emirates launched in 2004, developed by Emaar Properties. It is located in Wadi Al Safa 6, along Sheikh Mohammad Bin Zayed Road and in proximity to Dubai's Global Village. It includes the Arabian Ranches Golf Club and the Dubai Polo & Equestrian Club.

Emaar followed up with developments of Arabian Ranches 2 and Arabian Ranches 3.
2009 Calabasas Pro Tennis Championships – Doubles
Ilija Bozoljac and Dušan Vemić were the defending champions and they tried to defend their title. Unfortunately, they retired in his match against Mark Ein and Kevin Kim already in the first round (when the result was 2–1 for American pair).
Santiago González and Simon Stadler defeated Treat Conrad Huey and Harsh Mankad 6–2, 5–7, [10–4] in the final match.

Simon Stadler
Simon Stadler (German pronunciation: [ˈziːmɔn ˈʃtaːdlɐ]; born 20 July 1983 in Heidelberg, West Germany) is a German retired professional left-handed tennis player. He reached his career-high singles ranking of world No. 140 in February 2009 and his career-high doubles ranking of world No. 52 in February 2014.
Yalding House
Yalding House is a building at 152–156 Great Portland Street, London, United Kingdom. It was formerly owned by the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), and from 1952 until 2013 housed the corporation's music department.

The BBC Central Music Library was located on the ground floor and basement: the building's former role as a car showroom made it ideal for the heavy shelving required to store the collection. The BBC Third Programme, later renamed Radio 3, was also based at Yalding House.

It became the home of BBC Radio 1, together with Newsbeat, in 1996 when the Radio 1 studios were moved from Egton House. BBC Radio 1Xtra was launched at Yalding House.

On 14 December 2012, Radio 1 broadcast its last show from Yalding House which was The Radio 1 Breakfast Show with Nick Grimshaw.

BBC Radio 1Xtra
BBC Radio 1Xtra is a British digital radio station owned and operated by the BBC. It broadcasts Black music and urban genres, and is a sister station to Radio 1. Launching at 18:00 on 16 August 2002, it had been code named "Network X" during the consultation period. At the time, the station was listed as "1 Xtra BBC" on many electronic programming guides.  The station broadcasts mostly from the 8th floor of Broadcasting House, shared with Radio 1, Radio 2 and 6 Music.

According to RAJAR, the station broadcasts to a weekly audience of 786,000 with a listening share of 0.3% as of March 2024.
Pivaloyl chloride
2,2-Dimethylpropanoyl chloride is a branched-chain acyl chloride. It was first made by Aleksandr Butlerov in 1874 by reacting pivalic acid with phosphorus pentachloride.

Pivaloyl chloride is used as an input in the manufacture of some drugs, insecticides and herbicides.

Alexander Butlerov
Alexander Mikhaylovich Butlerov (Russian: Алекса́ндр Миха́йлович Бу́тлеров; 15 September 1828 – 17 August 1886) was a Russian chemist, one of the principal creators of the theory of chemical structure (1857–1861), the first to incorporate double bonds into structural formulas, the discoverer of hexamine (1859), the discoverer of formaldehyde (1859) and the discoverer of the formose reaction (1861). He first proposed the idea of possible tetrahedral arrangement of valence bonds in carbon compounds in 1862.

The crater Butlerov on the Moon is named after him. In 1956 the Academy of Sciences of the USSR established the A. M. Butlerov Prize.
Model Town
A model town is a town built to a high standard and intended as a model for others to imitate. The term was first used in 1909.

Model Town may specifically refer to:

Model Town (Delhi), a subdivision of North Delhi, Delhi, India
Model Town Assembly constituency
Model Town metro station, Delhi

Model Town Humak, a suburb of Islamabad, Pakistan

Model Town, Kolkata, neighbourhood of Kolkata in South 24 Parganas, West Bengal, India

Model Town, Lahore is a suburb of Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan

Model Town metro station, Surat Metro, Gujarat, India

Model
A model is an informative representation of an object, person, or system. The term originally denoted the plans of a building in late 16th-century English, and derived via French and Italian ultimately from Latin modulus, 'a measure'.

Models can be divided into physical models (e.g. a ship model) and abstract models (e.g. a set of mathematical equations describing the workings of the atmosphere for the purpose of weather forecasting). Abstract or conceptual models are central to philosophy of science.

In scholarly research and applied science, a model should not be confused with a theory: while a model seeks only to represent reality with the purpose of better understanding or predicting the world, a theory is more ambitious in that it claims to be an explanation of reality.
Logit-normal distribution
In probability theory, a logit-normal distribution is a probability distribution of a random variable whose logit has a normal distribution.  If Y is a random variable with a normal distribution, and t is the standard logistic function, then X = t(Y) has a logit-normal distribution; likewise, if X is logit-normally distributed, then Y = logit(X)= log (X/(1-X)) is normally distributed.  It is also known as the logistic normal distribution, which often refers to a multinomial logit version (e.g.).

A variable might be modeled as logit-normal if it is a proportion, which is bounded by zero and one, and where values of zero and one never occur.

Logistic function
A logistic function or logistic curve is a common S-shaped curve (sigmoid curve) with the equation

where

is the carrying capacity, the supremum of the values of the function;

is the logistic growth rate, the steepness of the curve; and

is the  value of the function's midpoint.

The logistic function has domain the real numbers, the limit as  is 0, and the limit as  is .

The exponential function with negated argument () is used to define the standard logistic function where , which has the equation

and is sometimes simply called the sigmoid function. It is also sometimes called the expit, being the inverse function of the logit.

The logistic function finds applications in a range of fields, including biology (especially ecology), biomathematics, chemistry, demography, economics, geoscience, mathematical psychology, probability, sociology, political science, linguistics, statistics, and artificial neural networks. There are various generalizations, depending on the field.
Pompano Beach Classic
The Pompano Beach Classic was a golf tournament on the LPGA Tour, played only in 1973. It was played at the Pompano Beach Country Club in Pompano Beach, Florida. Sandra Palmer won the event on the first hole of a sudden-death playoff with Betty Burfeindt.

Betty Burfeindt
Betty Burfeindt (born July 20, 1945 in New York City) is an American retired professional golfer who played on the LPGA Tour. She attended Cortland State University in New York and her rookie season on tour was 1969.

Burfeindt won four times on tour, and her last was her only major championship, the LPGA Championship in 1976, in which she finished one stroke ahead of runner-up Judy Rankin. Her two best years were 1972 and 1973, with consecutive fourth-place finishes on the money list. Burfeindt's last season on tour was 1981, and although just 5 ft 4 in (1.63 m) in height, she was one of the longest hitters on the LPGA Tour in the 1970s.
Novi Sad Synagogue
The Novi Sad Synagogue (Serbian: Новосадска синагога, Novosadska sinagoga) is a former Neolog Jewish congregation and synagogue, located on Jevrejska (Jewish) Street, in the city center of Novi Sad, in the province of Vojvodina, Serbia. Completed in 1909, the building was used as a synagogue until c. 1966; and subsequently used as cultural center since 2012. During its use, with a capacity of 900 worshipers, the synagogue was one of the largest synagogues in Central Europe.

The Novi Sad Synagogue was added to Spatial Cultural-Historical Units of Great Importance list in 1991, and it is protected by Republic of Serbia.

Cultural center
A cultural center or cultural centre is an organization, building or complex that promotes culture and arts. Cultural centers can be neighborhood community arts organizations, private facilities, government-sponsored, or activist-run.
Aircraft maintenance
Aircraft maintenance is the performance of tasks required to ensure the continuing airworthiness of an aircraft or aircraft part, including overhaul, inspection, replacement, defect rectification, and the embodiment of modifications, compliance with airworthiness directives and repair.

Aviation Week & Space Technology
Aviation Week & Space Technology, often abbreviated Aviation Week or AW&ST, is the flagship magazine of the Aviation Week Network, a division of Informa. The weekly magazine is available in print and online, reporting on the aerospace, defense and aviation industries, with a core focus on aerospace technology. It has a reputation for its contacts inside the United States military and industry organizations.

Aviation Week was a favorite conduit for defense-related companies and labs to leak information to the public as part of their policy by press release efforts. This led to it being informally referred to "Aviation Leak and Space Mythology".
Restriction site associated DNA markers
Restriction site associated DNA (RAD) markers are a type of genetic marker which are useful for association mapping, QTL-mapping, population genetics, ecological genetics and evolutionary genetics. The use of RAD markers for genetic mapping is often called RAD mapping. An important aspect of RAD markers and mapping is the process of isolating RAD tags, which are the DNA sequences that immediately flank each instance of a particular restriction site of a restriction enzyme throughout the genome. Once RAD tags have been isolated, they can be used to identify and genotype DNA sequence polymorphisms mainly in form of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Polymorphisms that are identified and genotyped by isolating and analyzing RAD tags are referred to as RAD markers. Although genotyping by sequencing presents an approach similar to the RAD-seq method, they differ in some substantial ways.

Quantitative trait locus
A quantitative trait locus (QTL) is a locus (section of DNA) that correlates with variation of a quantitative trait in the phenotype of a population of organisms. QTLs are mapped by identifying which molecular markers (such as SNPs or AFLPs) correlate with an observed trait. This is often an early step in identifying the actual genes that cause the trait variation.