hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vickers Vildebeest
The Vickers Vildebeest and the similar Vickers Vincent are single-engined British biplanes designed and built by Vickers and used as light bombers, torpedo bombers and in army cooperation roles. First flown in 1928, they remained in service at the start of the Second World War, with the last Vildebeests flying against Japanese forces over Singapore and Java in 1942.

Vickers
Vickers was a British engineering company that existed from 1828 until 1999. It was formed in Sheffield as a steel foundry by Edward Vickers and his father-in-law, and soon became famous for casting church bells. The company went public in 1867, acquired more businesses, and began branching out into military hardware and shipbuilding.

In 1911, the company expanded into aircraft manufacture and opened a flying school. They expanded even further into electrical and railway manufacturing, and in 1928 acquired an interest in the Supermarine.

Beginning in the 1960s, various parts of the company were nationalised, and in 1999 the rest of the company was acquired by Rolls-Royce plc, which sold the defence arm to Alvis plc. The Vickers name lived on in Alvis Vickers, until the latter was acquired by BAE Systems in 2004 to form BAE Systems Land Systems.
Simon Haykin
Simon Haykin (January 6, 1931 – April 13, 2025) was a Canadian electrical engineer noted for his pioneering work in Adaptive Signal Processing with emphasis on applications to Radar Engineering and Telecom Technology. He was a Distinguished University Professor at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

Signal processing
Signal processing is an electrical engineering subfield that focuses on analyzing, modifying and synthesizing signals, such as sound, images, potential fields, seismic signals, altimetry processing, and scientific measurements. Signal processing techniques are used to optimize transmissions, digital storage efficiency, correcting distorted signals, improve subjective video quality, and to detect or pinpoint components of interest in a measured signal.
Hilary Bart-Smith
Hilary Bart-Smith is a Scottish mechanical engineer known for her work on biologically inspired structures including robot fish. She is professor of mechanical and aerospace engineering at the University of Virginia, where she is the founder of both the Multifunctional Materials and Structures Laboratory and the Bio-inspired Engineering Research Laboratory.

Bioinspiration
Bioinspiration refers to the human development of novel materials, devices, structures, and behaviors inspired by solutions found in biological organisms, where they have evolved and been refined over millions of years. The goal is to improve modeling and simulation of the biological system to attain a better understanding of nature's critical structural features, such as a wing, for use in future bioinspired designs. Bioinspiration differs from biomimicry in that the latter aims to precisely replicate the designs of biological materials. Bioinspired research is a return to the classical origins of science: it is a field based on observing the remarkable functions that characterize living organisms and trying to abstract and imitate those functions.
2013 JSM Challenger of Champaign–Urbana – Doubles
Devin Britton and Austin Krajicek were the defending champions but Britton decided not to participate.
Krajicek partnered with Tennys Sandgren, but lost in the final to the British pairing of Edward Corrie and  Daniel Smethurst 7–6(7–5), 0–6, [10–7].

Austin Krajicek
Austin Krajicek (/ˈkraɪtʃɛk/ KRYE-chek; born June 16, 1990) is an American professional tennis player who specializes in doubles. He has been ranked as high as world No. 1 in doubles by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) in June 2023. He also reached a best singles ranking of No. 94 in October 2015.

Krajicek has won 15 doubles titles on the ATP Tour. Since partnering with Ivan Dodig in 2021, Krajicek has won one ATP 1000 title at 2023 Monte Carlo Masters, and his first major title at the 2023 French Open, a victory that crowned him the ATP world No. 1 in June 2023.

A former player for Texas A&M University, Krajicek won the national doubles title at the 2011 NCAA Division I Tennis Championships, the first in the program's history. He turned professional in 2012 and made his top 100 singles debut in 2015, a year in which he made the quarterfinals of the ATP 500 in Tokyo and broke through on the major level by reaching the second round of the US Open.
Whitey and Hogan
Whitey and Hogan (Roy "Whitey" Grant, April 7, 1916, in Shelby, North Carolina – September 17, 2010, in Charlotte, North Carolina, and Arval Hogan born July 24, 1911, in Robbinsville, North Carolina - died September 12, 2003, in Charlotte) were an American country music duo active for sixty-six years.

Shelby, North Carolina
Shelby is a city in and the county seat of Cleveland County, North Carolina. It lies near the western edge of the Charlotte-Concord, NC-SC Combined Statistical Area. The population was 21,918 at the 2020 census.
Little Canfield
Little Canfield is a village and a civil parish in the Uttlesford district of Essex, England. The village is situated the B1256 road, near the A120 road and immediately east of the village of Takeley. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 1,341.

Little Canfield is in the Takeley and the Canfields ward of Uttlesford, and the  Dunmow division of Essex County Council.

The village is currently expanding as housing developments are being built around the area. It has a public house, the Lion and Lamb.

Essex County Council
Essex County Council is the county council that governs the non-metropolitan county of Essex in England. The non-metropolitan county is smaller than the ceremonial county; the non-metropolitan county excludes Southend-on-Sea and Thurrock which are both administered as separate unitary authorities. The county council has 75 councillors, elected from 70 divisions, and has been under Conservative majority control since 2001. The council meets at County Hall in the centre of Chelmsford.
William Jennings Capell
William Jennings "Bill" Capell (born 9 August 1952), an American retired grocery clerk from Yuba City, California, is the heir presumptive to the Earldom of Essex. He will become the 12th earl if the current earl, Paul Capell, 11th Earl of Essex (currently 81 and unmarried), predeceases him without in-wedlock male issue.

Heir presumptive
An heir presumptive is the person entitled to inherit a throne, peerage, or other hereditary honour, but whose position can be displaced by the birth of a person with a better claim to the position in question. This is in contrast to an heir apparent, whose claim on the position cannot be displaced in this manner.
Thomas Scott Davidson
Thomas Scott Davidson (March 11, 1858 – June 6, 1933) was a Canadian politician and auctioneer. He represented Brant North in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1914 to 1919 as a Liberal member.

He was born in South Dumfries Township, Canada West, the son of James Davidson. He served on the council for Brant County and was warden in 1900. In 1892, he married Marion Bullock. He was an unsuccessful candidate for a seat in the federal parliament in 1926. He died in Paris, Ontario in 1933.

Paris, Ontario
Paris (2021 population, 14,956) is a community located in the County of Brant, Ontario, Canada. It lies just northwest from the city of Brantford at the spot where the Nith River empties into the Grand River. Paris was voted "the Prettiest Little Town in Canada" by Harrowsmith Magazine. The town was established in 1850. In 1999, its town government was amalgamated into that of the County of Brant, ending 149 years as a separate incorporated municipality, with Paris as the largest population centre in the county.
Germania Antiqua
Germania  (also sometimes called Germania Antiqua by Theodore Mommsen and other historians) was a short-lived Roman province
for the duration of 16 years under Augustus, from  7 BC to AD 9. The possible capital of this province was Marktbreit (German: Römerlager Marktbreit), a castrum (Roman legionary fortification) with a nearby canaba (Roman vicus) from the period of Emperor Augustus, located 70 km east of the "Limes Germanicus" on the River Main.

Main (river)
The Main (German pronunciation: [ˈmaɪn] ⓘ) is the longest tributary of the Rhine, one of the major European rivers. It rises as the White Main in the Fichtel Mountains of northeastern Bavaria and flows west through central Germany for 525 kilometres (326 mi) to meet the Rhine below Rüsselsheim, Hesse. The cities of Mainz and Wiesbaden are close to the confluence.

The largest cities on the Main are Frankfurt am Main, Offenbach am Main and Würzburg. It is the longest river lying entirely in Germany (if the Weser-Werra are considered separate).
A. J. Bermudez
A. J. Bermudez is an American author and screenwriter. Her short fiction and screenwriting have won a number of awards, including the PAGE International Screenwriting Award (iCON, 2021), the Alpine Fellowship Writing Prize ("The Lady Will Pay for Everything", 2021), and the Iowa Short Fiction Award (Stories No One Hopes Are About Them, University of Iowa Press, 2022). Her films have been produced in the U.S. and internationally, and her literary writing has appeared in McSweeney's, Virginia Quarterly Review, Story, Chicago Review, The Masters Review, Fiction International, Electric Literature, Boulevard, Creative Nonfiction, and elsewhere.

McSweeney's
McSweeney's Publishing is an American nonprofit publishing house founded by Dave Eggers in 1998 and headquartered in San Francisco. The executive director is Amanda Uhle.

McSweeney's first publication was the literary journal Timothy McSweeney's Quarterly Concern in 1998. Since then, the company has published novels, books of poetry, and other periodicals.
1,2-Dioxin
1,2-Dioxin is a heterocyclic, organic, antiaromatic compound with the chemical formula C4H4O2. It is an isomeric form of 1,4-dioxin (or p-dioxin).

1,2-Dioxin (left) and 1,4-dioxin (right)

Due to its peroxide-like characteristics, 1,2-dioxin is very unstable and has not been isolated. Calculations suggest that it would isomerize rapidly into but-2-enedial. Even substituted derivatives, such as 1,4-diphenyl-2,3-benzodioxin, are very labile.

Structure of the transient 1,4-diphenyl-2,3-benzodioxin

In 1990, 3,6-bis(p-tolyl)-1,2-dioxin (1) was incorrectly reported as the first stable derivative. It was subsequently shown that the initial compound was not a derivative of 1,2-dioxin, but a thermodynamically more stable dione (2).

Dioxin (1) and dione form (2)

Peroxide
Peroxides are a group of molecules with the structure R−O−O−R, where each R represents a radical (a portion of a complete molecule; not a free radical) and the O's are single oxygen atoms. Oxygen atoms are joined to each other and to adjacent elements through single covalent bonds, denoted by dashes or lines. The O−O group in a peroxide is often called the peroxide group, though some nomenclature discrepancies exist. This linkage is recognized as a common polyatomic ion, and exists in many molecules.
2013–14 ISU Speed Skating World Cup – World Cup 3 – Women's 500 metres
The women's 500 metres races of the 2013–14 ISU Speed Skating World Cup 3, arranged in the Alau Ice Palace, in Astana, Kazakhstan, were held on 29 and 30 November 2013.

Lee Sang-hwa of South Korea won both races, extending her winning streak from the start of the season to six races. As the Alau Ice Palace is a low-altitude venue, she was not able to break the world record again, which she had done in the previous three races, but in the Friday race, she did skate the fastest time recorded on any rink outside Calgary and Salt Lake City with a time of 37.27 seconds.

In race one, Jenny Wolf of Germany came second, and Nao Kodaira of Japan came third, while Lee Bo-ra of South Korea won the Division B race.

In race two, Lee was again accompanied on the podium by Wolf in second place, but Olga Fatkulina of Russia took third place here. Annette Gerritsen of the Netherlands won the second Division B race.

Annette Gerritsen
Annette Albertine Gerritsen (born 11 October 1985) is a Dutch former speed skater. She specialised in the 500 m and 1000 m distances, and won a silver medal in the 1000 metres at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver. She is the current Dutch junior record holder in the 500 m (38.57) and her personal best (1.16.14) used to be the world junior record. She also holds the world junior record with her Dutch teammates in the team pursuit (3.12.37).
Nils Johansson (ice hockey, born 1904)
Nils Åke Torsten "Björnungen" Johansson (3 October 1904 – 8 December 1936) was a Swedish ice hockey goaltender, bandy goalkeeper, and football goalkeeper.

As an ice hockey player, he who won a silver medal at the 1928 Winter Olympics. Domestically he played with Djurgårdens IF Hockey from 1921 to 1930. He won a Swedish title with Djurgårdens IF in 1926.

As a bandy player, he played with Djurgårdens IF Bandy and played the 1930 Swedish championship final against SK Tirfing, which his team lost 0–1. As a footballer, he played matches with Djurgårdens IF Fotboll.

His sister Märta was an Olympic diver.

SK Tirfing
SK Tirfing is a sports club in Skutskär in northern Uppland in Sweden. Established on 20 January 1923, the club won the Swedish national men's bandy championship in 1930. Between 1931 and 1942, the club played seven seasons in the Swedish top division. The club gave up bandy in 1981, and what remains is a women's team handball section.
Petit-Mécatina, Quebec
Petit-Mécatina (French pronunciation: [pəti mekatina]) is an unorganized territory in the Côte-Nord region of Quebec, Canada, part of Le Golfe-du-Saint-Laurent Regional County Municipality. It was formerly part of the Minganie Regional County Municipality, but transferred to the current MRC in July 2010.

It is named after the Petit Mécatina River that bisects the territory from north to south and empties in the Gulf of Saint Lawrence just west of Petit Mécatina Island. The 545 kilometres (339 mi) river forms east of Lake Aticonac just south of the boundary between the Atlantic and Saint Lawrence watersheds, that is also the disputed boundary between Quebec and Labrador. Mécatina comes from the Innu word makatinau and means "large mountain".

As part of the Labrador boundary dispute, the official borders of Petit-Mécatina as claimed by Quebec include part of the territory of Labrador.

Gulf of St. Lawrence
The Gulf of St. Lawrence is a gulf that fringes the shores of the provinces of Quebec, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Labrador, in Canada, plus the islands Saint-Pierre and Miquelon, possessions of France, in North America.

The Gulf of St. Lawrence connects the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean via the St. Lawrence River.
2014 European Squash Team Championships
The 2014 European Squash Team Championships was the 42nd edition of European Squash Team Championships for squash players. The event was held in Riccione, Italy, from 30 April – 3 May 2014. The tournament was organised by the European Squash Federation.

The England men's team won their 39th title and the England women's team won their 36th title.

European Squash Team Championships
The European Team Championships  (ETC) are the international squash competition played between teams representing different nations organised by the European Squash Federation. Countries enter teams of four or five players to represent them in the championships. In each round of the competition, teams face each other in a best-of-four singles matches contest. Each competition is held once every year.
Looxcie
Looxcie was a mobile-connected, handsfree, streaming video camera created by Looxcie, Inc., a privately owned Sunnyvale, California company. The Looxcie video camera was named a top 50 best invention of 2010 by Time Magazine (November 2010), and LooxcieLive, their live-streaming video service, was named as a top 100 best innovation of 2011 by Popular Science (December 2011).

Popular Science
Popular Science (also known as PopSci) is an American popular science website, covering science and technology topics geared toward general readers. Popular Science has won over 58 awards, including the American Society of Magazine Editors awards for its journalistic excellence in 2003 (for General Excellence), 2004 (for Best Magazine Section), and 2019 (for Single-Topic Issue). Its print magazine, which ran from 1872 to 2020, was translated into over 30 languages and distributed to at least 45 countries. In 2021, Popular Science switched to an all-digital format and abandoned the magazine format in 2023.
Olean School No. 10
Olean School No. 10, now known as Ivers J. Norton School, is a historic school building located at Olean in Cattaraugus County, New York. It was designed and built in 1908–1909, in the Prairie School style. It is three stories, nine bays wide and four bays deep.  It is constructed of brick and stone and topped with a flat roof with deep overhangs.  It features "Boys" and "Girls" entrances and large brick engaged columns on the front facade. It remained in operation as a school building until 2012, when it (along with the Boardmanville school) was closed as a result of budget cuts implemented in the wake of New York's property tax cap. In late 2014 the school was purchased by a pastor and turned into a church.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2010.

Cattaraugus County, New York
Cattaraugus County (locally known as Catt County) is a county in Western New York, with one side bordering Pennsylvania. As of the United States 2020 census, the population was 77,042. The county seat is Little Valley. The county was created in 1808 and later organized in 1817. The county is part of the Western New York region of the state.

Cattaraugus County comprises the Olean, NY Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Buffalo-Cheektowaga-Olean, NY Combined Statistical Area. Within its boundaries are the Allegany Indian Reservation of the Seneca Nation of New York, and the Allegany State Park. The Allegheny River runs through the county.
Shoesmith Glacier
Shoesmith Glacier (67°51′S 67°12′W﻿ / ﻿67.850°S 67.200°W﻿ / -67.850; -67.200) is the largest glacier on Horseshoe Island, flowing westward into both Lystad Bay and Gaul Cove. Named by United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) in 1958 in association with Horseshoe Island.

Bordering the north side of the glacier is the Spincloud Heights.

Lystad Bay
Lystad Bay (67°50′S 67°17′W﻿ / ﻿67.833°S 67.283°W﻿ / -67.833; -67.283) is a bay 2.5 nautical miles (5 km) wide which indents the west side of Horseshoe Island, in the northeast part of Marguerite Bay, Antarctica. It was first surveyed in 1936–37 by the British Graham Land Expedition under John Rymill, and was visited by the USMS North Star and USS Bear of the United States Antarctic Service in 1940. The name was proposed by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Captain Isak Lystad of the North Star.
Liberty Column
The Liberty Column (Danish: Frihedsstøtten) is a 20-meter-tall (66 ft) obelisk located in front of Central Station in Copenhagen, Denmark. It was erected in memory of the peasant reforms of 1788 which led to the abolition of stavnsbåndet, a form of serfdom in Denmark. The foundation stone for the structure was laid in 1792 and the monument was completed in 1797.

The obelisk is made of red sandstone from Nexø and its base is made of white Norwegian marble. It was designed by Nicolai Abildgaard, with its statues and reliefs sculpted by Nicolai Dajon, Andreas Weidenhaupt, and Johannes Wiedewelt. The inscriptions on the monument were authored by the poet Thomas Thaarup.

Johannes Wiedewelt
Johannes Wiedewelt (1 July 1731 – 17 December 1802), Danish neoclassical sculptor. He  became a court sculptor, introducing neoclassical ideals to Denmark in the form of palace decorations, garden sculptures and artifacts and, especially, memorial monuments. He was undoubtedly the best known Danish sculptor before Bertel Thorvaldsen.
China pavilion at Expo 2010
The China pavilion at Expo 2010 (simplified Chinese: 中国国家馆; traditional Chinese: 中國國家館; pinyin: Zhōngguó guójiā guǎn) in Pudong, Shanghai, colloquially known as the Oriental Crown (东方之冠; 東方之冠; Dōngfāng zhī Guān), was the largest national pavilion at the Shanghai Expo and the largest display in the history of the World Expo.  It was also the most expensive pavilion at the Shanghai Expo, having cost an estimated US$220 million. The pavilion showcased China's civilization and modern achievements by combining traditional and contemporary elements in its architecture, landscaping and exhibits. After the end of the Expo 2010, the building was converted to a museum. On October 1, 2012, it was reopened as the China Art Museum, the largest art museum in Asia.

Zhang Zeduan
Zhang Zeduan (simplified Chinese: 张择端; traditional Chinese: 張擇端; pinyin: Zhāng Zéduān; Wade–Giles: Chang Tse-tuan; 1085–1145), courtesy name Zhengdao (Chinese: 正道), was a Chinese painter of the Song dynasty. He lived during the transitional period from the Northern Song to the Southern Song, and was instrumental in the early history of the Chinese landscape art style known as shan shui. He is known for painting Along the River During the Qingming Festival.
Zarzir
Zarzir (Arabic: زرزير, Hebrew: זַרְזִיר), also known as Beit Zarzir, is an Arab local council located 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) west of the city of Nazareth in the Northern District of Israel. In 2022, it had a population of 8,565, consisting of five Bedouin tribes, Mazarib, Grifat, Haib, Jawamis, and Eyadat.

Northern District (Israel)
The Northern District (Hebrew: מחוז הצפון, romanized: Mekhoz HaTzafon; Arabic: منطقة الشمال, romanized: Minṭaqat ash-Shamāl) is one of Israel's six administrative districts. The Northern District has a land area of 4,473 km2, making it the second largest district in Israel.

The Golan Heights has been run as a sub-district of the North District of Israel since the 1981 Golan Heights Law was passed, although the claim is only recognized by the United States while United Nations Security Council condemned the annexation in its Resolution 497 without enforcing it. The Golan Heights covers a land area of 1,154 km2 and the remainder of the Northern District covers 3,324 km2 (3,484 km2 including water).
Robert J. Steinmiller Jr.
Robert J. Steinmiller Jr. (born July 29, 1978) is an American actor.

Steinmiller was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, the son of Stephanie, who works for municipal parks, and Robert J. Steinmiller Sr., who manages a tire store. Steinmiller grew up in Schaumburg, Illinois. He began his acting career in 1989 in the theatrical production of Les Misérables. Steinmiller went on to star in films in the early 1990s, including Jack the Bear (for which he received a Young Artist Award nomination), Bingo, Rudy and The Ref. He appeared on TV in McDonald's commercials and an episode of The Untouchables.

In 2001, Steinmiller returned to the stage again in Damn Yankees at the Madrid Theatre, Los Angeles, United States. Most recently, Steinmiller starred in the Los Angeles production of Bye Bye Birdie at the Madrid Theatre, playing the role of Hugo Peabody.

Young Artist Award
The Young Artist Award (originally known as the Youth in Film Award) is an accolade presented by the Young Artist Foundation, an American nonprofit organization founded in 1978 to honor excellence of youth performers, and to provide scholarships for young artists who may be physically disabled or financially unstable.

First presented in 1979, the Young Artist Awards was the first organization established to specifically recognize and award the contributions of performers under the age of 18 in the fields of film, television, theater, and music.

The 1st Youth In Film Awards ceremony was held in October 1979, at the Sheraton Universal Hotel in Hollywood to honor outstanding young performers of the 1978/1979 season.