hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Anrika Rupp
Anrika Rupp (born 1956) is a visual artist and photographer who lives and works in Caracas, Venezuela, and Miami, Florida. Her work has received international attention, including solo and group exhibits in various art galleries, art museums, and art fairs.  She has had two solo exhibits in Caracas: one at the Elvira Neri Alternativa Art Gallery in 2004, and another at the Galería 39 in 2007. In 2014, she had a solo exhibit at All We Art, an art gallery in Washington, D.C. that promotes international cultural exchange. She has also participated in group exhibitions such as the 2005 Megaexposición II: Venezuelan Art of the XXI Century in honor of Jesus Soto which was held in Caracas, the O'Ascanio Gallery "Summer Collectables 2013", and the 2016 Art Basel in Miami.

Art Basel
Art Basel is a for-profit, privately owned and managed, international series of art fairs whose annual flagship event has long been considered the largest and most prestigious fair of the contemporary and modern art market.  
Art Basel  started in Basel, Switzerland, in 1970. Since then, it has added annual satellite fairs in Miami Beach in the United States, Hong Kong, and Paris. Starting in February 2026, it will also host its first Art Basel event in Doha, Qatar.

The annual fairs bring together galleries, collectors, curators and artists for exhibitions, sales and programming. They also serve as an anchor for numerous other art fairs that simultaneously operate in parallel in the host cities.

Art Basel's parent company is MCH Group a Switzerland-based marketing company. Over recent years, the organization has adopted a strategy of moving  Art Basel from being a series of industry fairs to being a lifestyle brand.
South Gibson School Corporation
The South Gibson School Corporation is the largest of the three public school governing institutions in both enrollment and territory covered in Gibson County, Indiana as well as one of the ten largest in enrollment in Southwestern Indiana. The SGSC is responsible for a district including four townships of southern and southwestern Gibson County; Johnson, Montgomery, Union, Wabash, and parts of Barton, Center and Patoka Townships within Gibson County as well as drawing in students from Northern Vanderburgh and Posey Counties. It consists of a superintendent, a five-member school board, eight principals and vice principals and employs around 190 teachers and specialists. The SGSC's renovation of the then-35-year-old Gibson Southern High School was complete as of 2010-11 School Year.

Center Township, Gibson County, Indiana
Center Township is one of ten townships in Gibson County, Indiana. As of the 2020 census, its population was 1,317 (slightly down from 1,341 at 2010) and it contained 566 housing units. Francisco is the township seat.
SAF3
SAF3 (pronounced "Safe"), also known by its working title Rescue 3, is a syndicated American action-drama television series following the daily challenges of the S(Sea), A(Air), and F(Fire) divisions of the Malibu Fire Department. This series consists of 20 episodes that originally ran during the 2013–14 season.

Although this series originated in the United States and is set in California, it was filmed in South African locations such as Cape Town and Camps Bay Beach.

The series received financing from Emmett/Furla Films and Envision Entertainment. Gregory Bonann created the show.

The Star said "the drama is a modern day Baywatch which stars a blend of local and international actors". Cape Argus stated, "SAF3 is a heart-warming series, where the trials and tribulations of the key characters, married with dedication to their jobs, forms the foundation of the drama."

Camps Bay
Camps Bay (Afrikaans: Kampsbaai) is an affluent suburb of Cape Town, South Africa, and the small bay on the west coast of the Cape Peninsula after which it is named. It is one of 10 suburbs that form the city's Atlantic Seaboard. In summer, Camps Bay attracts many locals, and foreign visitors.
Akiyda
Akiyda (foaled 21 April 1979) was a British-bred, French-trained Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare best known for winning France's mot prestigious race, the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe in 1982. After winning her only race as a two-year-old she was campaigned in the highest class in the following year, finishing second in both the Prix de Diane and the Prix Vermeille before beating a strong international field in the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe. Akiyda never ran after her win in the Arc: she was retired to stud where she had limited impact as a broodmare.

Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe
The Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe (French pronunciation: [pʁi də laʁk də tʁijɔ̃f]) is a Group 1 flat horse race in France open to thoroughbreds aged three years or older. It is run at Longchamp Racecourse in Paris over a distance of 2,400 metres (1 mile 4 furlongs). The race is scheduled to take place each year in the autumn, usually on the first Sunday in October.

With prize money of €5 million, the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe, often referred to as the Arc, is Europe's richest flat race. The prize money and prestige of the race attract entries and spectators from across the world. Since 2008 the race has been sponsored by Qatar.
Walton, Aylesbury
Walton (perhaps formerly known as Walcot) is a hamlet in the parish of Aylesbury, in Buckinghamshire, England.  Although Aylesbury has grown to such an extent that it completely surrounds Walton by a couple of miles in each direction, the hamlet is still marked on modern maps.

Walton sits north of the junction between two major turnpike roads, and was once the location of a toll gate and the toll keeper's cottage.  It has also, in its time, been the location of a foundlings hospital and a leper colony.

Turnpike trust
Turnpike trusts were bodies set up by individual acts of Parliament, with powers to collect road tolls for maintaining the principal roads in Britain from the 17th but especially during the 18th and 19th centuries. At the peak, in the 1830s, over 1,000 trusts  administered around 30,000 miles (48,000 km) of turnpike road in England and Wales, taking tolls at almost 8,000 toll-gates and side-bars.

During the early 19th century the concept of the turnpike trust was adopted and adapted to manage roads within the British Empire (Ireland, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, India, and South Africa) and in the United States.

Turnpikes declined with the coming of the railways and then the Local Government Act 1888 gave responsibility for maintaining main roads to county councils and county borough councils.
Jim Sherow
James Sherow is an author and emeritus Distinguished Professor of environmental and the American West at Kansas State University and was a regional Democratic politician in Kansas. He is most notable for serving as a city commissioner and mayor of the city of Manhattan, Kansas. He was the Democratic nominee for the First District in the United States House of Representatives elections in Kansas, 2014, running against incumbent Tim Huelskamp.

Manhattan, Kansas
Manhattan is a city in and the county seat of Riley County, Kansas, United States, although the city extends into Pottawatomie County. It is located in northeastern Kansas at the junction of the Kansas River and Big Blue River. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 54,100.

The city was founded by settlers from the New England Emigrant Aid Company as a Free-State town in the 1850s, during the Bleeding Kansas era. Nicknamed "the Little Apple" as a play on New York City's moniker of the "Big Apple", the city is a college town with a significant student population, because it is home to Kansas State University (KSU).
Epigenetics of plant growth and development
The epigenetics of plant growth and development refers to the heritable changes in gene expression that occur without alterations to the DNA sequence, influencing processes in plants such as seed germination, flowering, and stress responses through mechanisms like DNA methylation, histone modification, and chromatin remodeling.

Plants depend on epigenetic processes (mechanisms that regulate gene activity and expression without changing the underlying DNA sequence) for proper function. The area of study examines protein interactions with DNA and its associated components, including histones and various other modifications such as methylation, which alter the rate or target of transcription. Epi-alleles and epi-mutants, much like their genetic counterparts, describe changes in phenotypes due to epigenetic mechanisms. Epigenetics in plants has attracted scientific enthusiasm because of its importance in agriculture.

Florigen
Florigens (or flowering hormone) are proteins capable of inducing flowering time in angiosperms. The prototypical florigen is encoded by the FT gene and its orthologs in Arabidopsis and other plants. Florigens are produced in the leaves, and act in the shoot apical meristem of buds and growing tips.
Ang Pangarap Kong Holdap
Ang Pangarap Kong Holdap (transl. My Dream Robbery) is a 2018 Philippine comedy heist film directed by Marius Talampas.

A spiritual successor, titled Ang Pangarap Kong Oskars, was released on June 28, 2023, with Contis returning, albeit as a different character.

Heist film
The heist film or caper film is a subgenre of crime films and the caper story, focused on the planning, execution, and aftermath of a significant robbery.

One of the early defining heist films was The Asphalt Jungle (1950), which according to Film Genre 2000, "almost single-handedly popularized the genre for mainstream cinema". It featured robbers whose personal failings ultimately led to the failure of their robbery. Similar films using this formula were Armored Car Robbery (1950), The Killing (1956), and The Getaway (1972). By the 1990s, heist films began to "experiment and play with these conventions", incorporating elements such as comedy into their stories.
Ullmann condensation
The Ullmann condensation or Ullmann-type reaction is the copper-promoted conversion of aryl halides to aryl ethers, aryl thioethers, aryl nitriles, and aryl amines. These reactions are examples of cross-coupling reactions.

Ullmann-type reactions are comparable to Buchwald–Hartwig reactions but usually require higher temperatures. Traditionally, these reactions require high-boiling, polar solvents such as N-methylpyrrolidone, nitrobenzene, or dimethylformamide and high temperatures (often in excess of 210 °C) with stoichiometric amounts of copper. Aryl halides are required to be activated by electron-withdrawing groups. Traditional Ullmann style reactions used "activated" copper powder, e.g. prepared in situ by the reduction of copper sulfate by zinc metal in hot water. The methodology improved with the introduction of soluble copper catalysts supported by diamines and acetylacetonate ligands.

Nitrobenzene
Nitrobenzene is an aromatic nitro compound and the simplest of the nitrobenzenes, with the chemical formula C6H5NO2.  It is a water-insoluble pale yellow oil with an almond-like odor.  It freezes to give greenish-yellow crystals.  It is produced on a large scale from benzene as a precursor to aniline.  In the laboratory, it is occasionally used as a solvent, especially for electrophilic reagents. As confirmed by X-ray crystallography, nitrobenzene is a planar molecule.
Ovingdean Rectory
Ovingdean Rectory is a clergy house at Ovingdean, East Sussex, England. The building was built from 1804 to 1807, replacing an earlier rectory described as "a mean, thatched parsonage-house" in a letter to Sir William Burrell There are mathematical tiles on the southern and western exterior. It is adjacent to St Wulfran's Church.

It is listed Grade II* on the National Heritage List for England. The coach house to the rectory is listed Grade II.

St Wulfran's Church, Ovingdean
St Wulfran's Church, dedicated to the 7th-century French archbishop Wulfram of Sens, is an Anglican church in Ovingdean, a rural village now within the English city of Brighton and Hove.  Parts of the structure date from the early 12th century, and the church is listed at Grade I, a designation used for buildings "of outstanding architectural or historic interest".
Carson Valley Hospital
The Carson Valley Hospital is a historic hospital located at 1466 U.S. Route 395 in Gardnerville, Nevada. The hospital was built in 1914 by Dr. E. H. Hawkins, the county physician and health officer of Douglas County. The hospital was regarded as one of Nevada's best, and it included modern tools such as an X-ray machine, a rarity in small town hospitals at the time. While Hawkins anticipated that Douglas County would need a modern hospital for its growing population, the county's population actually fell at the 1920 census, and the community struggled to keep its hospital open. Hawkins sold the hospital in 1918, and it closed in 1924. The building was used for housing until 1958, when it was vacated.

The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 29, 1979.

X-ray machine
An X-ray machine is a device that uses X-rays for a variety of applications including medicine, X-ray fluorescence, electronic assembly inspection, and measurement of material thickness in manufacturing operations. In medical applications, X-ray machines are used by radiographers to acquire x-ray images of the internal structures (e.g., bones) of living organisms, and also in sterilization.
The Brown Daily Herald
The Brown Daily Herald is the student newspaper of Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island.

Established in 1866 and published daily since 1891, The Herald is the second-oldest student newspaper among America's college dailies. It is financially and editorially independent of the University, and publishes Monday through Friday during the academic year with additional issues during commencement, summer and orientation. The Herald is managed by a board of trustees comprising two editorial staffers, two business staffers and five Herald alumni. Many alumni of The Brown Daily Herald have gone on to careers in journalism, and several have won Pulitzer Prizes.

Rhode Island General Assembly
The State of Rhode Island General Assembly is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Rhode Island. A bicameral body, it is composed of the lower Rhode Island House of Representatives with 75 representatives, and the upper Rhode Island Senate with 38 senators.  Members are elected in the general election immediately preceding the beginning of the term or in special elections called to fill vacancies. There are no term limits for either chamber. The last General Assembly election took place on 2024, electing members to the Senate and House.

The General Assembly meets at the Rhode Island State House on the border of Downtown and Smith Hill in Providence. Smith Hill is sometimes used as a metonym for the Rhode Island General Assembly.
Émilien Morissette
Émilien Morissette (born 16 March 1927) was a Progressive Conservative party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was an economist by career.

He was first elected at the Rimouski riding in the 1958 general election, defeating Liberal party incumbent Gérard Légaré. After serving his only term, the 24th Canadian Parliament, Légaré won Rimouski back from Morissette in the 1962 general election.

1958 Canadian federal election
The 1958 Canadian federal election was held to elect members  of the House of Commons of Canada of the 24th Parliament of Canada on March 31, 1958, just nine months after the 23rd election. It transformed Prime Minister John Diefenbaker's minority into the largest majority government in Canadian history and the second-largest percentage of the popular vote; only Unionist Prime Minister Robert Borden’s triumph in the 1917 federal election, at 56.93 percent, was higher. Although the Tories would surpass their 1958-seat total in the 1984 election, the 1958 result (achieved in a smaller House) remains unmatched both in terms of percentage of seats (78.5%) and the size of the government majority over all opposition parties (a 151-seat majority). Voter turnout was 79.4%, the highest percentage of eligible electors to cast a ballot in Canadian federal election history.
Emilio Villari
Emilio Villari (25 September 1836 – 20 August 1904) was an Italian experimental physicist and a professor at the University of Bologna and later Naples who contributed to studies on electromagnetism after whom is named the Villari effect which is used in devices used to measure mechanical stress and strain. He also developed a quadrant electrometer.

Electrometer
An electrometer is an electrical instrument for measuring electric charge or electrical potential difference. There are many different types, ranging from historical handmade mechanical instruments to high-precision electronic devices. Modern electrometers based on vacuum tube or solid-state technology can be used to make voltage and charge measurements with very low leakage currents, down to 1 femtoampere. A simpler but related instrument, the electroscope, works on similar principles but only indicates the relative magnitudes of voltages or charges.
LRRC37A
Leucine rich repeat containing 37A is a protein in humans that is encoded by the LRRC37A gene.

The LRRC37 gene family has been expanded in the genome of the simians through segmental duplications leading to new genes in simian, hominid and human species. Most of these new genes belong to the ancestral LRRC37A-type.  The human genomes contains at least 4 encoding gene paralogs with 3 of the ancestral type: LRRC37A, LRRC37A2, LRRC37A3 and a new type of receptor shared between hominid species: LRRC37B.

In the human cerebral cortex, LRRC37B is selectively expressed in pyramidal neurons at the level of the axon initial segment, which is not found in other nonhuman primate species (chimpanzees, macaques). It decreases there the excitability of the neurons, a feature specific to the human species compared to other mammalian species. It acts by binding to secreted FGF13A and SCN1B which leads to an inhibition of the voltage-gate sodium channels which generate the action potentials.

SCN1B
Sodium channel subunit beta-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SCN1B gene.

Voltage-gated sodium channels are essential for the generation and propagation of action potentials in striated muscle and neuronal tissues. Biochemically, they consist of a large alpha subunit and 1 or 2 smaller beta subunits, such as SCN1B. The alpha subunit alone can exhibit all the functional attributes of a voltage-gated Na+ channel, but requires a beta-1 subunit for normal inactivation kinetics.[supplied by OMIM]
Canoeing at the 2023 Pan American Games – Men's C-2 500 metres
The men's C-2 500 metres competition of the canoeing events at the 2023 Pan American Games was held on November 3 at the Laguna Grande in San Pedro de la Paz, Chile.

The men's C-2 event was changed from 1000 metres, as it was contested during the previous games, to 500 metres.

2023 Pan American Games
The 2023 Pan American Games (Spanish: Juegos Panamericanos de 2023), officially the XIX Pan American Games (Spanish: XIX Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Santiago 2023, were an  international multi-sport event governed by the Panam Sports Organization, held in Santiago, Chile from 20 October to 5 November 2023; preliminary rounds in certain events began on 18 October 2023. These are the first Pan American Games to be held in Chile, and the eighth to be held in South America.

The games were held in 39 venues across the Santiago Metropolitan Region and another three regions of Chile. The Pan American Games and the 2023 Parapan American Games were organized by the Santiago Organizing Committee for the 2023 Pan and Parapan American Games.
Robert Mezey
Robert Mezey (February 28, 1935 – April 25, 2020) was an American poet, critic and academic. He was also a noted translator, in particular from Spanish, having translated with Richard Barnes the collected poems of Borges.

He was born in Philadelphia, and attended Kenyon College as a contemporary of E. L. Doctorow and James Wright; after a time and serving in the army he finished in 1959 an undergraduate degree at the University of Iowa.
Having worked for a while, he became a graduate student at Stanford University.
Then he began teaching at Case Western Reserve University, in 1963.
During a year at Franklin and Marshall College he was for a time suspended after an accusation of inciting students to burn draft cards. After holding other positions, he settled in 1976 at Pomona College, until retiring in 2000.

He received numerous awards including the 2002 Poets' Prize for Collected Poems: 1952-1999.

Kenyon College
Kenyon College (/ˈkɛnjən/ KEN-yən) is a private liberal arts college in Gambier, Ohio, United States. It was founded in 1824 by Episcopal Bishop Philander Chase. It is the oldest private institution of higher education in the state of Ohio and enrolls approximately 1,800 undergraduate students. Students can choose from over 50 majors, minors, and concentrations, including self-designed majors.

The college is located on a hill overlooking the Kokosing River and neighbors Mount Vernon, Ohio. Its 1,000-acre (400 ha) campus is set in rural surroundings that host seven ecosystems. There are more than 120 student clubs and organizations. Kenyon athletes are called Owls and compete in the NCAA Division III North Coast Athletic Conference. Kenyon College is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.
Judith Wiesner
Judith Wiesner (née Pölzl; born 2 March 1966) is an Austrian former professional tennis player. During her career, she won five top-level singles titles and three tour doubles titles. Her career high rankings were world No. 12 in singles (in 1997), and No. 29 in doubles (in 1989). In 1996, Wiesner was a quarterfinalist at both Wimbledon and the US Open.

1996 Wimbledon Championships – Women's singles
Defending champion Steffi Graf defeated Arantxa Sánchez Vicario in a rematch of the previous year's final, 6–3, 7–5 to win the ladies' singles tennis title at the 1996 Wimbledon Championships. It was her seventh and last Wimbledon singles title, and 20th major singles title overall. It was the second consecutive major final between the two, with Graf winning the French Open crown over Sánchez Vicario a month earlier.

Kimiko Date reached the semifinals, the last time a Japanese woman would do so at a major until Naomi Osaka in 2018.
Drury ministry
The Drury ministry was the combined cabinet (formally the Executive Council of Ontario) that governed Ontario from November 14, 1919, to July 16, 1923. It was led by the 8th Premier of Ontario, Ernest Drury. The ministry was a coalition made up of members of the United Farmers of Ontario (UFO) and the Labour Party, which commanded the confidence of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario.

The ministry replaced the Hearst ministry following the 1919 Ontario general election. The Drury ministry governed through the 15th Parliament of Ontario.

It was the first of a wave of United Farmers governments that took power in several provinces and that founded the Progressive Party of Canada. Drury was the first Premier of Ontario to be born after Confederation, though several members of his cabinet were born before.

Drury and the UFO were defeated in the 1923 Ontario general election. He was succeeded as Premier of Ontario by Howard Ferguson.

Howard Ferguson
George Howard Ferguson PC (June 18, 1870 – February 21, 1946) was the ninth premier of Ontario, from 1923 to 1930. He was a Conservative member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1905 to 1930 who represented the eastern provincial riding of Grenville.