hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Shahin Najafi
Morteza Najafipour Moghadam (Persian: مرتضی نجفی‌پور مقدم; born 1980), better known as Shahin Najafi (Persian: شاهین نجفی),                                              is an Iranian musician, singer, composer, poet, author, and political activist.

Najafi's songs mostly deal with issues such as theocracy, poverty, sexism, censorship, child labor, execution, drug addiction and homophobia. In interviews, he has stated that he strives to use poetic, literary, philosophical, and political elements in his music.

Theocracy
Theocracy or ethiocracy is a form of autocracy or oligarchy in which one or more deities are recognized as supreme ruling authorities giving divine guidance to human intermediaries with executive, legislative or judicial power who manage the government's daily affairs.
Segmental blood pressure
Segmental blood pressure is used to measure actual limb blood pressure, to assess and locate arterial occlusion.

On the legs, pressure is measured at the ankle, below the knee, above the knee, and mid-thigh. On the arm, measurements are taken at the wrist, below the elbow, above the elbow, and mid-upper arm.

Elbow
The elbow is the region between the upper arm and the forearm that surrounds the elbow joint. The elbow includes prominent landmarks such as the olecranon, the cubital fossa (also called the chelidon, or the elbow pit), and the lateral and the medial epicondyles of the humerus. The elbow joint is a hinge joint between the arm and the forearm; more specifically between the humerus in the upper arm and the radius and ulna in the forearm which allows the forearm and hand to be moved towards and away from the body.
The term elbow is specifically used for humans and other primates, and in other vertebrates it is not used. In those cases, forelimb plus joint is used.

The name for the elbow in Latin is cubitus, and so the word cubital is used in some elbow-related terms, as in cubital nodes for example.
Mariinsky District
Mariinsky District (Russian: Марии́нский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the nineteen in Kemerovo Oblast, Russia. As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Mariinsky Municipal District. It is located in the north of the oblast. The area of the district is 5,607 square kilometers (2,165 sq mi).  Its administrative center is the town of Mariinsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 17,285 (2010 Census); 19,182 (2002 Census); 22,037 (1989 Soviet census).

Kemerovo Oblast
Kemerovo Oblast (Russian: Ке́меровская о́бласть, romanized: Kemerovskaya oblastʹ, Russian pronunciation: [ˈkʲemʲɪrəfskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]), also known as Kuzbass (Russian: Кузба́сс, Russian pronunciation: [kʊzˈbas]), after the Kuznetsk Basin, is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Kemerovo is the administrative center and largest city of the oblast. Kemerovo Oblast is one of Russia's most urbanized regions, with over 70% of the population living in its nine principal cities. Its ethnic composition is predominantly Russian, but native Shors and Kalmak Siberian Tatars also live in the oblast, along with Ukrainians, Volga Tatars, and Chuvash. The population recorded during the 2021 Census was 2,600,923.
Hamilton (automobile company)
The Hamilton Motors Company was founded in 1917 by Guy Hamilton, after his Grand Haven, Michigan Alter Motor Car Company went bankrupt. The company produced only one car, the Model A-14, which was a four-cylinder, 28 hp touring car with a 112-inch (2,800 mm) wheelbase. He promised to make a six-cylinder car, but never did.

In 1918, the H. A. Oswald Engineering Company tried to resurrect the Hamilton as the Oswald, but it failed. However, Hamilton's Alter truck was produced until 1921.

Touring car
Touring car and tourer are both terms for open cars (i.e. cars without a fixed roof). "Touring car" is a style of open car built in the United States which seats four or more people. The style was popular from the early 1900s to the 1930s. The cars used for touring car racing in various series since the 1960s, are unrelated to these early touring cars, despite sharing the same name.

"Tourer" is used in British English for any open car. The term "all-weather tourer" was used to describe convertibles (vehicles that could be fully enclosed). A popular version of the tourer was the torpedo, with the hood/bonnet line level at the car's waistline giving the car a straight line from front to back.
Battle of Tolvajärvi
The Battle of Tolvajärvi ([ˈtol.ʋɑˌjær.ʋi]; Finnish: Tolvajärven–Ägläjärven taistelu, Russian: Битва при Толваярви) was fought on 12 December 1939 between Finland and the Soviet Union. It was the first large offensive victory for the Finns in the Winter War.

The battle took place on the territory of so-called Ladoga Karelia (Finnish: Laatokan Karjala) which today is part of the Republic of Karelia in Russia.

Republic of Karelia
The Republic of Karelia, or simply Karelia or Karjala (Russian: Каре́лия, Ка́рьяла; Karelian: Karjala) is a republic of Russia situated in the northwest of the country. The republic is a part of the Northwestern Federal District, and covers an area of 172,400 square kilometres (66,600 square miles), with a population of 533,121 residents. Its capital is Petrozavodsk.

The modern Karelian Republic was founded as an autonomous republic within the Russian SFSR, by the Resolution of the Presidium of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee (VTsIK) on 27 June 1923 and by the Decree of the VTsIK and the Council of People's Commissars of 25 July 1923, from the Karelian Labour Commune. From 1940 to 1956, it was known as the Karelo-Finnish Soviet Socialist Republic, one of the republics of the Soviet Union. In 1956, it was once again made an autonomous republic and remained part of Russia following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991.
All Matter
"All Matter" is a song by American singer-songwriter Bilal. The song was produced by the singer, along with Steve McKie, for his 2010 album Airtight's Revenge. It is a rerecording of his collaboration with Robert Glasper, which was included in Glasper's 2009 album Double-Booked. The original version - with Glasper - was nominated for the 52nd Grammy Awards, in the Best Urban/Alternative Performance category. HipHopDX journalist Luke Gibson cites it as the best-written song from Airtight's Revenge.

Double-Booked
Double Booked is the fourth studio album by American pianist and record producer Robert Glasper. It was released on August 25, 2009, via Blue Note Records. Recording sessions took place at Systems 2 Studios and Brooklyn Recording in New York City. Produced entirely by Glasper himself, it features contributions from drummer Chris Dave, bassists Vicente Archer and Derrick Hodge and saxophonist Casey Benjamin, as well as Bilal, Mos Def, Questlove, Terence Blanchard and Jahi Sundance.
Dink Carroll
Austin "Dink" Carroll (November 12, 1899 – April 8, 1991) was a Canadian sports journalist. A columnist for the Montréal Gazette, he won the Elmer Ferguson Memorial Award in 1984 and is a member of the media section of the Hockey Hall of Fame. He also won the Jack Graney Award in 1990 from the Canadian Baseball Hall of Fame and is a member of the Canadian Football Hall of Fame (1986). Carroll attended McGill University, where he played on the football team. He earned a LL.B. degree from there in 1923, but never practiced law. He wrote a column for the Gazette from 1941 to 1987.

Canadian Baseball Hall of Fame
The Canadian Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum (French: Temple de la renommée du baseball canadien) is a museum located in St. Marys, Ontario, Canada.  The museum commemorates the great players, teams, and events from Canadian baseball history.
Heddal
Heddal is a former municipality in Telemark county, Norway. The 407-square-kilometre (157 sq mi) municipality existed from 1838 until its dissolution in 1964. The area is now part of Notodden Municipality. The administrative centre was the village of Heddal where the Heddal Stave Church.

Prestegjeld
A prestegjeld was a geographic and administrative area within the Church of Norway (Den Norske Kirke) roughly equivalent to a parish. This traditional designation was in use for centuries to divide the kingdom into ecclesiastical areas that were led by a parish priest. Prestegjelds began in the 1400s and were officially discontinued in 2012.
Befu Station (Fukuoka)
Befu Station (別府駅) is a subway station on the  Fukuoka City Subway Nanakuma Line in Jōnan-ku, Fukuoka in Japan.  This station's symbol mark means Befu-ohhasi (別府大橋) bridge's overpass with two clouds which looks like Befu's initials べ.

He (kana)
He (hiragana: へ, katakana: ヘ) is one of the Japanese kana, which represents one mora. The [he] sound is the only sound that is written almost identically in hiragana and katakana and therefore confusable according to the Unicode Standard. In the Sakhalin dialect of the Ainu language, ヘ can be written as small ㇸ to represent a final [h] after an [e] sound (エㇸ [eh]).

It is usually pronounced [he] with the aspirate [h] before its vowel. It is also often used as a grammatical particle indicating direction, which makes only the vowel sound [e]; when used this way, it is sometimes romanised as 'e.

Though the two forms へ and ヘ are usually rendered with a small difference between them, in order to match better with the appearance of other hiragana or katakana characters, they can often be rendered identically. A reader is not expected to distinguish one from the other without contextual clues.
1968 Six Hour Le Mans
The 1968 Six Hour Le Mans was an endurance motor race open to Sports Cars and Touring Cars. The event was staged at the Caversham circuit in Western Australia on 3 June 1968.

Cars competed in three groups:

Sports Cars

Group C Improved Production Touring Cars

Group E Series Production Touring Cars

Caversham Airfield
Caversham Airfield, also known as Middle Swan Airfield was an airfield constructed at Caversham, Western Australia during World War II as a parent aerodrome for use by the Royal Navy's Fleet Air Arm and the United States Navy.

The airfield had a triangle of three landing strips.

Middle Swan was the parent airfield with the following satellite airfields:

Beverley

Bindoon

Gingin North

Mooliabeenee

The United States Army Air Corps also utilised the airfield during World War II.

It was also a gliding club location after the war.
Terminus (play)
Terminus is a monologue play by Mark O'Rowe.  Written entirely in rhyme, the play follows three characters over the course of a single night in Dublin: a former schoolteacher (A), her lonely, estranged daughter (B), and a serial killer who has sold his soul to the Devil (C).

Terminus premiered at the Abbey Theatre in Dublin on 9 June 2007, before transferring to the Traverse Theatre as part of the Edinburgh Fringe Festival where it won a Fringe First Award in 2008. It was revived by the Abbey in 2009 and again in 2011 with an international tour.

Traverse Theatre
The Traverse Theatre is a theatre in Edinburgh, Scotland. It was founded as The Traverse Theatre Club in 1962 by John Calder, John Malcolm, Jim Haynes, Richard Demarco, Terry Lane, Andrew Muir, John Martin and Sheila Colvin.

The Traverse Theatre company commissions and develops new plays or adaptations from contemporary playwrights, often describing itself as "Scotland’s new writing theatre".

The Traverse also presents productions from visiting companies and acts as a host venue for Edinburgh Festival Fringe shows in August. It is also the home of 'Imaginate' the Edinburgh International Children's Festival.
2010–11 in French football
The 2010–11 season is the 78th season of competitive professional football in France. The league season began on 6 August 2010 for the Championnat National and Ligue 2 and on 7 August for Ligue 1 and the Championnat de France amateur. The season concluded on 26 May 2011 for Ligue 2, 27 May for the Championnat National, and 28 May for Ligue 1 and the Championnat de France amateur. The men's France national team began play on 11 August contesting a friendly match against Norway, while the women continued their quest for qualification to the 2011 FIFA Women's World Cup by facing Iceland on 21 August.

Iceland women's national football team
The Iceland women's national football team (Icelandic: Íslenska kvennalandsliðið í knattspyrnu) represents Iceland in international women's football. They are currently ranked as the 14th best women's national team in the world by FIFA as of June 2025.
Ernst Anton Wülfing
Ernst Anton Wülfing (27 November 1860, Elberfeld – 17 December 1930, Bad Wörishofen) was a German mineralogist and petrographer, known for his research on the optical properties of minerals and meteorites.

He studied chemistry at Geneva and at Heidelberg as a student of Robert Bunsen, then focused his attention to mineralogy and geology, of which, he studied at Greifswald and Vienna (1887–88). Afterwards he served as an assistant to Harry Rosenbusch at the University of Heidelberg.

He taught classes in mineralogy and petrography at the University of Tübingen (1891–1899), the agricultural academy at Hohenheim in Württemberg (1899–1904), the Technische Hochschule in Danzig (1904–07), the University of Kiel (1907–08) and at the University of Heidelberg (1908–1926).

The mineral wülfingite is named in his honor.

University of Greifswald
The University of Greifswald (German: [ˈɡʁaɪfsvalt]; German: Universität Greifswald), formerly known as Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University of Greifswald, is a public research university located in Greifswald, Germany, in the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania.

Founded in 1456, it is one of the oldest universities in Europe, with generations of notable alumni and staff having studied or worked in Greifswald. As the fourth oldest university in present Germany, it was temporarily also the oldest university of the Kingdoms of Sweden (1648–1815) and Prussia (1815–1945), respectively. Approximately two-thirds of the 10,179 students are from outside the state, including international students from 90 countries all over the world.
2023 FIBA 3x3 Africa Cup – Men's tournament
The 2023 FIBA 3x3 Africa Cup – Men's tournament is the fifth edition of this continental championship. The event was held in Cairo, Egypt for the second consecutive year. It was contested by 8 teams.

Egypt won their second title with a win over Nigeria in the final.

Egypt men's national 3x3 team
The Egypt men's national 3x3 team is a national basketball team of Egypt, governed by the Egyptian Basketball Federation. It represents the country in international 3x3 (3 against 3) basketball competitions.
Dan Land
Dan Land (born July 3, 1965) an American football coach and former player.  He played professionally in the National Football League (NFL) as a safety with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers and the Los Angeles / Oakland Raiders. He played college football at Albany State University in Albany, Georgia. He was the interim head coach at his alma mater in 2015. In 2016, he had the interim tag removed.

Albany State University
Albany State University is a public historically black university in Albany, Georgia, United States. Founded in 1903, it is part of the University System of Georgia and is the largest historically black institution in Georgia. Albany State University offers undergraduate and graduate programs across a range of disciplines, including education, business, and the sciences. The university is a member of the Thurgood Marshall College Fund and is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools.
Seraing–Aachen–Seraing
Seraing–Aachen–Seraing was a men's cycling race organized for the last time in 2001. The race was run between Seraing, Belgium and Aachen, (West) Germany.

The competition's roll of honor includes the success of Rik Van Looy and Frank Vandenbroucke.

Frank Vandenbroucke (cyclist)
Frank Vandenbroucke (6 November 1974 – 12 October 2009) was a Belgian professional road racing cyclist. After showing promise in track and field in his adolescence, Vandenbroucke took to cycle racing in the late 1980s and developed into one of the great hopes for Belgian cycling in the 1990s, with a string of victories that included Liège–Bastogne–Liège, Grand Tour stages and Omloop Het Volk. This early success dissipated however in a series of drug problems, rows with teams and suicide attempts. Despite repeated attempts to continue his career with a string of different teams from 2000 to 2008, Vandenbroucke's drug use and unpredictability eventually led to his estrangement from the cycling world. Although Vandenbroucke claimed in an interview in 2009 to have recovered his mental health, he died of a pulmonary embolism in October 2009 at the age of 34.
Phyllis Munday
Phyllis Beatrice Munday CM (née James; 24 September 1894 – 11 April 1990) was a Canadian mountaineer, explorer, naturalist and humanitarian. She was famed for being the first woman to reach the summit of Mount Robson (with Annette Buck) in 1924, and with her husband Don for discovering Mount Waddington, and exploring the area around it via the Franklin River and the Homathko River.

Munday was awarded the Order of Canada in 1972 for her work with the Girl Guides of Canada and St. John Ambulance, as well as for her mountaineering career. 
Lady Peak in the Cheam Range was named for her by Arthur S. Williamson. Mount Munday is named after Don and Phyllis Munday, and Baby Munday Peak is named for their daughter Edith.

Cheam Range
The Cheam Range (pronounced /ʃiːˈæm/ or /ʃiːˈɛm/) is a mountain range in the Fraser Valley region of the Lower Mainland of British Columbia near the city of Chilliwack. The region is also a part of the Skagit Range of the Canadian Cascades and contains many rugged peaks.

The western peaks in the range—Cheam, Lady, Baby Munday and Stewart—are known in areas of the Fraser Valley where they are visible, as the "Four Sisters".  The eastern peaks in the range are referred to as the Lucky Four Group because of their proximity to the abandoned Lucky Four Mine; the glacier in the cirque formed by Welch and Foley is called the Lucky Four Glacier. Foley, Welch and Stewart commemorate partners in Foley, Welch and Stewart, an important contractor in early British Columbia responsible for building the Pacific Great Eastern Railway and other projects.

The highest point is the Welch Peak.
Agra–Bhopal section
The Agra–Bhopal section is a railway line connecting, Agra, one of large city in Uttar Pradesh, and Bhopal, capital of the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. This 508 km (316 mi) track is part of the Delhi–Chennai line. The line is under the jurisdiction of North Central Railway and West Central Railway.

West Central Railway zone
The West Central Railway (abbreviated WCR), one of the 19 zones of the Indian Railways, came into existence on 1 April 2003. It is headquartered at Jabalpur. It was created by taking away two divisions namely Bhopal division and Jabalpur division from central railways and one division namely Kota division from Western Railway zone. The WCR zone provides rail route coverage to the west central region of India. Most of its route is in the states of Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan with a very little portion in the state of Uttar Pradesh.
1906 Dundee fire
In July 1906, the city of Dundee was the site of a large fire caused by the ignition of a bonded warehouse. The fire, which burned for 12 hours, has been described as the most destructive fire in the history of Dundee. The fire was described by an eyewitness as sending "rivers of burning whisky" through the city.

Whisky
Whisky or whiskey is a type of liquor made from fermented grain mash. Various grains (which may be malted) are used for different varieties, including barley, corn, rye, and wheat. Whisky is typically aged in wooden casks, commonly of charred white oak. Uncharred white oak casks previously used for the aging of port, rum, or sherry may be employed during storage to impart a unique flavour and colour.

Whisky is a strictly regulated spirit worldwide with many classes and types. The typical unifying characteristics of the different classes and types are the fermentation of grains, distillation, and aging in wooden barrels.
Fencing at the Summer Olympics
Fencing has been contested at every Summer Olympic Games since the birth of the modern Olympic movement at the 1896 Summer Olympics in Athens. There are three forms of Olympic fencing:

Foil — a light thrusting weapon; the valid target is restricted to the torso; double touches are not allowed.

Épée — a heavy thrusting weapon; the valid target area covers the entire body; double touches are allowed.

Sabre — a light cutting and thrusting weapon; the valid target area includes almost everything above the waist (excluding the back of the head and the hands); double touches are not allowed.

Épée
The épée (/ˈɛpeɪ, ˈeɪ-/, French: [epe]; lit. 'sword'), also rendered as epee in English, is the largest and heaviest of the three weapons used in the sport of fencing. The modern épée derives from the 19th-century épée de combat, a weapon which itself derives from the French small sword.

As a thrusting weapon, the épée is similar to a foil (contrasted with a sabre, which is designed for slashing). It has a stiffer blade than a foil. It is triangular in cross-section with a V-shaped groove called a fuller. The épée also has a larger bell guard designed to protect the user’s arm. In addition to the larger "bell" guard and blade, the épée weighs more than the foil and sabre which contributes to its reputation of being the slowest form of fencing. The techniques of use differ, as there are no rules regarding priority and a lack of right of way. Thus, immediate counterattacks are a common feature of épée fencing. The entire body is a valid target area.
Jack Said
Jack Said is a 2009 British thriller film, the prequel to Jack Says. It is written by Paul Tanter, and based on his graphic novel, illustrated by Oscar Alvarado. It stars Danny Dyer, David O'Hara, Simon Phillips, Ashlie Walker, Terry Stone and snooker player Jimmy White.

Oscar Alvarado
Oscar Alvarado Mendoza (born in Guadalajara) is a Mexican illustrator, animator and composer whose work include the comics series Penumbra and the animated short-films Sonámbulo and Murnau the Vampire.
OpenedHand
OpenedHand, a computer software, was an embedded Linux start-up that was acquired by Intel in Q3, 2008.  The firm developed an OpenEmbedded distribution called Poky Linux (now part of the Yocto Project) and the Clutter library. The latter is heavily used in the customized UIs of Maemo and Moblin, embedded Linux distributions from Nokia and Intel, respectively.

Linux on embedded systems
The Linux operating system is prevalent in embedded systems. As of 2024, developer surveys and industry reports find that Embedded Linux is used in 44%-46% of embedded systems. Due to its versatility, its large community of developers, as well as its adaptability to devices with size and power constraints, Linux is a popular choice for devices used in edge computing and autonomous systems.