hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hector Francis McDougall
Hector Francis McDougall (June 6, 1848 – November 27, 1914) was a merchant and political figure in Nova Scotia, Canada. He represented Cape Breton in the House of Commons of Canada from 1884 to 1900 as a Liberal-Conservative.

McDougall was born in Christmas Island, Nova Scotia, the son of Malcolm McDougall and Mary McNeil. He was named a justice of the peace in 1873. In 1875, he married Christina Cameron. McDougall became a general merchant at Christmas Island. He was a councillor for Cape Breton Municipality Number 14, Grassy Narrows, from 1886 to 1889. McDougall represented Cape Breton County in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1878 to 1882. He was a minister without portfolio in the province's Executive Council. He ran unsuccessfully for a seat in the House of Commons in 1882 but was elected in an 1884 by-election held after William McDonald was named to the Senate. McDougall was unsuccessful in a bid for reelection in 1900. He died in Glace Bay at the age of 66.

Christmas Island, Nova Scotia
Christmas Island, Nova Scotia (Scottish Gaelic: Eilean na Nollaig) is a Canadian community of the Cape Breton Regional Municipality on Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia. It has a post office, a firehall and a very small population. It has a beach with access to the Bras d'Or Lake. A small island just off shore, also named Christmas Island, encloses Christmas Island Pond, a pond that runs into the lake.
Xining Caojiapu International Airport
Xining Caojiapu International Airport (IATA: XNN, ICAO: ZLXN) is an airport serving Xining, the capital of Qinghai Province, China. It is located in Huzhu County, Haidong, on the Tibetan Plateau about 30 kilometres (19 mi) east of downtown Xining. The airport began operation in 1991. In October 2011, a new 3,800-meter runway entered service. The older runway now serves as a taxiway.

Taxiway
A taxiway is a path for aircraft at an airport connecting runways with aprons, hangars, terminals and other facilities. They mostly have a hard surface such as asphalt or concrete, although smaller general aviation airports sometimes use gravel or grass.

Most airports do not have a specific speed limit for taxiing (though some do). There is a general rule on safe speed based on obstacles. Operators and aircraft manufacturers might have limits. Typical taxi speeds are 20–30 kn (37–56 km/h; 23–35 mph).
Giorgos Kefalidis
Giorgos Kefalidis (Greek: Γιώργος Κεφαλίδης; born 21 March 1941) is a Greek former professional footballer who played as defender and a former manager. His nickname was "Ruby" as of Jack Ruby, the killer of Lee Harvey Oswald, who assassined John F. Kennedy.

Jack Ruby
Jack Leon Ruby (born Jacob Rubenstein; c. March 25, 1911 – January 3, 1967) was an American nightclub owner notable for murdering Lee Harvey Oswald.

Born in Chicago, Ruby operated nightclubs in Texas. On November 24, 1963, two days after the assassination of John F. Kennedy in Dallas, Ruby shot and mortally wounded Oswald in Dallas Police Headquarters and was immediately arrested. The shooting happened on live television. Ruby was convicted and sentenced to death. The conviction was overturned on appeal, and he was granted a new trial, but Ruby fell ill, was diagnosed with cancer, and died of a pulmonary embolism on January 3, 1967.

In 1964, the Warren Commission concluded that there was no evidence Ruby was part of a conspiracy; despite this, Ruby's murder of Oswald has stoked John F. Kennedy assassination conspiracy theories.
Vishad Randika
Vishad Randika (born 2 September 1997) is a Sri Lankan cricketer. He made his first-class debut for Colts Cricket Club in the 2016–17 Premier League Tournament on 6 January 2017. Prior to his debut, he was named in Sri Lanka's squad for the 2016 Under-19 Cricket World Cup. He made his List A debut for Kegalle District in the 2016–17 Districts One Day Tournament on 23 March 2017. He made his Twenty20 debut for Colts Cricket Club in the 2018–19 SLC Twenty20 Tournament on 15 February 2019.

Colts Cricket Club
Colts Cricket Club  is a first-class cricket team based in Colombo, Sri Lanka. They have won 6 first class tournaments of Sri Lanka domestic league as in 1991/92, 1999/2000, 2001/02, 2004/05, 2008/09 and 2011/12 and 2 Premier Limited Overs Tournament as in 1998/99 and 2010/11.
Frederick Marshman Bailey
Frederick Marshman Bailey CIE FRGS (3 February 1882 – 17 April 1967) was a British political officer and one of the last protagonists of The Great Game. His expeditions in Tibet and Assam Himalaya gave him many opportunities to pursue his hobbies of photography, butterfly collecting and trophy hunting in the high Tibetan region. Over 2000 of his bird specimens were presented to the Natural History Museum, although his personal collection is now held in the American Museum of Natural History, New York. His papers and extensive photograph collections are held in the British Library, London.

Assam Himalaya
Assam Himalaya is a traditional designation for the portion of the Himalaya range between the eastern border of Bhutan, on the west, and the Great Bend of the Tsangpo River, on the east. The highest peak of this range is Namcha Barwa. Other high peaks include Gyala Peri, sister peak to Namcha Barwa; Kangto, and Nyegyi Kansang. The area is still poorly surveyed in general, and little visited by outsiders.
It is located in the eastern side.
The name "Assam Himalaya" is misleading, as some parts of this range are in southeastern Tibet, while other parts are in Bhutan and the Indian regions and states of northern Assam, Sikkim, and Arunachal Pradesh.
Frattesina
Frattesina is a place in northern Italy near the town of Fratta Polesine which, in the Late Bronze Age, was responsible for the production of much of the glass found in Europe.

Frattesina was founded on the river Po, and evidence of glass manufacture dates from ca. 1100 to the tenth century BC. Evidence suggests that not only was alkali glass manufactured there, but also that the site was involved in long-distance trade. Evidence of glazing of pottery has also been found.

During the late and final Bronze Age in Italy, Frattesina’s industrial community refined metal, made tools from deer antlers, and produced glass beads.

Antler
Antlers are extensions of an animal's skull found in members of the Cervidae (deer) family. Antlers are a single structure composed of bone, cartilage, fibrous tissue, skin, nerves, and blood vessels. They are generally found only on males, with the exception of reindeer/caribou. Antlers are shed and regrown each year and function primarily as objects of sexual attraction and as weapons.
Hexton, New Zealand
Hexton is a village and rural area in the Gisborne District of New Zealand's North Island. It is located north-west of Gisborne City, and includes the settlements of Makauri and Waerengaahika.

The fertile plain east of the Waipaoa River was settled by the 19th century by families of Hampshire in southern England, with assistance from the New Zealand Government. The de Latour family named the area after their English village of Hexton.

The Chitty Family began growing wine in the area during the 1930s and 1940s, becoming one of three dominant families in Gisborne's early wine industry.

Hinduism in New Zealand
Hinduism is the second largest religion in New Zealand. It is also one of the fastest-growing religions in the country. According to the 2023 census, Hindus form 2.9% of the population of New Zealand. There are about 153,534 Hindus in New Zealand.

Hindus from all over India continue to immigrate today, with the largest Indian ethnic subgroup being Gujaratis, Haryanvi and Dravidians. A later wave of immigrants also includes Hindu immigrants who were of Indian descent from nations that were historically under European colonial rule, such as Fiji. Today there are Hindu temples in all major New Zealand cities.
Jhyve
Jhyve is the stage name of Jamaal Desmond Bowry, a Canadian rhythm and blues singer from Toronto, Ontario, most noted as the winner of CBC Music's Searchlight competition for emerging artists in 2021.

He has been a two-time Juno Award nominee, receiving nods for R&B/Soul Recording of the Year at the Juno Awards of 2018 for "Human", and Traditional R&B/Soul Recording of the Year at the Juno Awards of 2024 for "Unbreakable".

Juno Awards of 2018
The Juno Awards of 2018, honouring Canadian music achievements, were presented in Vancouver, British Columbia during the weekend of 24–25 March 2018. The primary telecast ceremonies were held at Rogers Arena. Vancouver previously hosted the Juno Awards in 1991, 1998 and 2009. Michael Bublé hosted these awards after having stepped down from his scheduled hosting the previous year due to his son's cancer diagnosis. Nominations were announced on 6 February 2018.

Changes in 2018 from previous years include the reintroduction of the Juno Award for Comedy Album of the Year, a category which has not been awarded since 1984, and the ceremony's television broadcast returning to CBC Television, after previously being broadcast by CTV.
Motomachi Station
Motomachi Station (元町駅) can be any of several train stations in Japan:

Motomachi Station (Hyogo) on the JR West Tokaido Line (JR Kobe Line), the Hanshin Electric Railway Main Line and the Kobe Rapid Railway Tozai Line in Chuo-ku, Kobe.

Motomachi Station (Hokkaido) on the Sapporo Subway Toho Line in Higashi-ku, Sapporo.

Minato Motomachi Station (みなと元町駅) on the Kobe Municipal Subway Kaigan Line in Chuo-ku, Kobe.

Motomachi-Chukagai Station (元町・中華街駅) on the Minatomirai Line in Naka-ku, Yokohama.

Kaigan Line
The Kaigan Line (海岸線, Kaigan-sen, literally "Coast Line"), also known as the "Yumekamome" (Japanese: 夢かもめ), is one of two lines of the Kobe Municipal Subway. Trains of the line are propelled by linear motors. This is the third linear motor rapid transit line to be built in Japan.
Sukhoi Su-15
The Sukhoi Su-15 (NATO reporting name: Flagon) is a twinjet supersonic interceptor aircraft developed by the Soviet Union. It entered service in 1965 and remained one of the front-line designs into the 1990s. The Su-15 was designed to replace the Sukhoi Su-11 and Sukhoi Su-9, which were becoming obsolete as NATO introduced newer and more capable strategic bombers.

Russian Air Force
The Russian Air Force (Russian: Военно-воздушные силы России, ВВС, romanized: Voenno-vozdushnye sily Rossii, VVS) is a branch of the Russian Aerospace Forces, which was formed on 1 August 2015, with the merging of the Russian Air Force and the Russian Aerospace Defence Forces. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the reborn Russian armed forces began to be created on 7 May 1992 following Boris Yeltsin's creation of the Ministry of Defence. However, the Russian Federation's air force can trace its lineage and traditions back to the Imperial Russian Air Service (1912–1917) and the Soviet Air Forces (1918–1991).
John of Ruusbroec
John of Ruusbroec or Jan van Ruusbroec (pronounced [ˈjɑɱ vɑn ˈryzbruk]; 1293/1294 – 2 December 1381), sometimes modernized Ruysbroeck, was an Augustinian canon and one of the most important of the medieval mystics of the Low Countries. Some of his main literary works include The Kingdom of the Divine Lovers, The Twelve Beguines, The Spiritual Espousals, A Mirror of Eternal Blessedness, The Little Book of Enlightenment, and The Sparkling Stone. Some of his letters also survive, as well as several short sayings (recorded by some of his disciples, such as Jan van Leeuwen). He wrote in the Dutch vernacular, the language of the common people of the Low Countries, rather than in Latin, the language of the Catholic Church liturgy and official texts, in order to reach a wider audience.

Elizabeth Goudge
Elizabeth de Beauchamp Goudge FRSL (24 April 1900 – 1 April 1984) was an English writer of fiction and children's books. She won the Carnegie Medal for British children's books in 1946 for The Little White Horse. Goudge was long a popular author in the UK and the US and regained attention decades later. In 1993 her book The Rosemary Tree was plagiarised by Indrani Aikath-Gyaltsen; the "new" novel set in India was warmly reviewed in The New York Times and The Washington Post before its source was discovered. In 2001 or 2002, J. K. Rowling identified The Little White Horse as one of her favourite books and one of few to have a direct influence on the Harry Potter series.
Jack Bradshaw
John Henry Bradshaw (28 June 1892 – 1970) was an English professional footballer who played as an outside forward. He was born in Burnley, Lancashire, but started his career in the Southern League with Southend United. Bradshaw went on to play for Watford, Luton Town and Aberdare Athletic before joining Football League Third Division South side Queens Park Rangers in 1921. After making five league appearances for the club, he was signed by his hometown club Burnley in the summer of 1922. However, Bradshaw failed to break into the first team at Turf Moor and returned to Southend United, who had by that time joined the Third Division South. He played one league match for Southend before joining Swansea Town at the start of the 1923–24 season. After again failing to make an appearance for the club, he retired from professional football in 1924.

Aberdare Athletic F.C.
Aberdare Athletic Football Club were a Welsh football club founded in 1893 and based at the Athletic Ground in Aberdare. They joined the Football League in 1921 but were replaced by Torquay United after failing to be re-elected in 1927.
Sing Our Own Song
"Sing Our Own Song" is a song written and performed by British reggae group UB40. It features backing singers Jaki Graham, Mo Birch and Ruby Turner and appeared as the ninth and final track on their seventh album, Rat in the Kitchen (1986). Released in 1986, it reached number five on the UK Singles Chart and became a number-one hit in the Netherlands.

The song was written as an anti-apartheid song and was censored in South Africa. Featuring the ANC rallying cry of "Amandla Awethu", it is considered a protest song of the time.

Jaki Graham
Jacqueline Graham (born 15 September 1956) is a British singer-songwriter. Following her hit version of "Could It Be I'm Falling in Love" with David Grant in 1985, Graham scored a further five UK top 20 hits over a two-year period. In 1994, her cover version of Chaka Khan's hit "Ain't Nobody" reached number one on the US Billboard Dance Club Songs.
Manon Petit-Lenoir
Manon Petit-Lenoir (born 7 December 1998) is a French snowboarder. She competed in the 2022 Winter Olympics, in Women's Snowboard Cross.

She competed at the 2016 Youth Olympic Games, 2018–19 FIS Snowboard World Cup, 2019–20 FIS Snowboard World Cup, 2020–21 FIS Snowboard World Cup, and  2021–22 FIS Snowboard World Cup.

2018–19 FIS Snowboard World Cup
The 2018–19 FIS Snowboard World Cup was the 25th World Cup season in snowboarding organised by International Ski Federation. The season started on 8 September 2018 in Cardrona, New Zealand and concluded on 24 March 2019 in  Winterberg, Germany. Competitions consisted of parallel slalom, parallel giant slalom, snowboard cross, halfpipe, slopestyle and big air.
Opportunity: A Journal of Negro Life
Opportunity: A Journal of Negro Life was an academic and literary journal published by the National Urban League (NUL). The journal acted as a sociological forum for the emerging topic of African-American studies and was known for fostering the literary culture during the Harlem Renaissance. It was published monthly from 1923 to 1942, and then quarterly through 1949.

Literary magazine
A literary magazine is a periodical devoted to literature in a broad sense. Literary magazines usually publish a mix of fiction and non-fiction. Short stories and poetry are common literary forms published, but some magazines may publish serial literature—a novel which is revealed in sections over multiple issues. Non-fiction writing may be from staff of the literary magazine to make commentary about their magazine or about culture related to literature. Non-fiction from contributors may take the form of essays, literary criticism, book reviews, biographical profiles of authors, interviews, and letters. Literary magazines are often called literary journals (or little magazines) to contrast them with larger, commercial magazines.
2014 New Mexico House of Representatives election
The 2014 New Mexico House of Representatives election took place as part of the biennial United States elections. New Mexico voters elected state representatives in all 70 of the state house's districts. State representatives serve two-year terms in the New Mexico House of Representatives. The election coincided with elections for other offices, including for U.S. Senate, U.S. House, Governor, and Attorney General.
A primary election held on June 3, 2014, determined which candidates appear on the November 8th general election ballot.

Sarah Maestas Barnes
Sarah Maestas Barnes (born May 14, 1980) is an American lawyer and politician who served in the New Mexico House of Representatives from the 15th district from 2015 to 2019. She opted not to run for re-election in 2018, and was succeeded by Democrat Dayan Hochman-Vigil.
Imaginary Homelands
Imaginary Homelands is a collection of essays and criticism by Salman Rushdie.

The collection is composed of essays written between 1981 and 1992, including pieces of political criticism – e.g. on the assassination of Indira Gandhi, the Conservative 1983 General Election victory, censorship, the Labour Party, and Palestinian identity – as well as literary criticism – e.g. on V. S. Naipaul, Graham Greene, Julian Barnes, and Kazuo Ishiguro among others.

The title essay – "Imaginary Homelands" – was originally published in the London Review of Books on 7 October 1982. Comparing his work Midnight's Children to other works that draw on diaspora as a central theme, Rushdie argues that the migrant – whether from one country to another, from one language or culture to another or even from a traditional rural society to a modern metropolis – "is, perhaps, the central or defining figure of the twentieth century."

Julian Barnes
Julian Patrick Barnes (born 19 January 1946) is an English writer. He won the Man Booker Prize in 2011 with The Sense of an Ending, having been shortlisted three times previously with Flaubert's Parrot, England, England, and Arthur & George. Barnes has also written crime fiction under the pseudonym Dan Kavanagh (having married Pat Kavanagh). In addition to novels, Barnes has published collections of essays and short stories, as well as two memoirs and a nonfiction book, The Man in the Red Coat, about people of Belle Époque Paris in the arts.

In 2004, he became a Commandeur of L'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres. His honours also include the Somerset Maugham Award and the Geoffrey Faber Memorial Prize. He was awarded the 2021 Jerusalem Prize.
Battle of Platte Bridge
The Battle of Platte Bridge, also called the Battle of Platte Bridge Station, on July 26, 1865, was the culmination of a summer offensive by the Lakota Sioux and Cheyenne Indians against the United States army.  In May and June the Indians raided army outposts and stagecoach stations over a wide swath of Wyoming and Montana.  In July, they assembled a large army, estimated by Cheyenne warrior George Bent to number 3,000 warriors, and descended upon Platte Bridge. The bridge, across the North Platte River near present-day Casper, Wyoming, was guarded by 120 soldiers.  In an engagement near the bridge, and another against a wagon train guarded by 28 soldiers a few miles away, the Indians killed 29 soldiers while also suffering at least eight dead.

Casper, Wyoming
Casper is a city in, and the county seat of, Natrona County, Wyoming, United States. Casper is the second-most populous city in the state after Cheyenne, with the population at 59,038 as of the 2020 census. Casper is nicknamed "The Oil City" and has a long history of oil boomtown and cowboy culture, dating back to the development of the nearby Salt Creek Oil Field.

Casper is located in east central Wyoming on the North Platte River.
Pipphalivana
Pipphalivana was the capital of the Moriya republic, a gana- sangha of the Mahajanapada period. The 7th century CE Chinese pilgrim Xuanzang later referred to it by the name of Nyagrodhavana.

Buddhist texts like the Dīgha Nikāya and Buddhavaṃsa suggest that Pipphalivana was the chief town and capital of the Moriyas.

Buddhavaṃsa
The Buddhavaṃsa (also known as the Chronicle of Buddhas) is a hagiographical Buddhist text which describes the life of Gautama Buddha and of the twenty-four Buddhas who preceded him and prophesied his attainment of Buddhahood. It is the fourteenth book of the Khuddaka Nikāya, which in turn is the fifth and last division of the Sutta Piṭaka. The Sutta Piṭaka is one of three piṭakas (main sections) which together constitute the Tipiṭaka, or Pāli Canon of Theravāda Buddhism.

Along with the Apadāna and the Cariyāpiṭaka, the Buddhavaṃsa is considered by most scholars to have been written during the 1st and 2nd century BCE, and is therefore a late addition to the Pāli Canon.
Mohammad Nokhodi
Mohammad Nokhodi (Persian: محمد نخودی; born 3 February 2001 in Mazandaran, Iran) is an Iranian wrestler.

He won two Silver medal in World Wrestling Championships 2021  and 2022.

He won the gold medal in his event at the 2024 Asian Wrestling Championships held in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.

2022 World Wrestling Championships
The 2022 World Wrestling Championships was the 17th edition of the World Wrestling Championships of combined events and was held between 10 and 18 September 2022 in Belgrade, Serbia.

The UWW Bureau approved the candidature of Belgrade, Serbia as the host of the 2023 Senior World Championships. However, due to the restrictions on Russia for hosting World Championships in 2021–2022, Belgrade replaced the former city of Krasnoyarsk as the World Championships host for 2022. In addition, Russian and Belarusian athletes have been banned from 2022 World Championships.
Operation Bluehearts
Operation Bluehearts was code name for the original plan for an amphibious landing behind enemy lines during the Korean War.

More specifically, the plan was to land an assault force from the 1st Cavalry Division and the Marine RCT against the North Korean Army's rear at Incheon as early as 22 July.

But this operation was abandoned by 10 July 1950, and succeeded by Operation Chromite (Inchon landing).

Thereafter, 1st Cavalry Division landed at Pohang on 18 July 1950.

Korean People's Army
The Korean People's Army (KPA; Korean: 조선인민군; MR: Chosŏn inmin'gun) encompasses the combined military forces of North Korea and the armed wing of the Workers' Party of Korea (WPK). The KPA consists of five branches: the Ground Force, the Naval Force, the Air Force, the Strategic Force, and the Special Operations Forces. It is commanded by the WPK Central Military Commission, which is chaired by the WPK general secretary, and the president of the State Affairs; both posts are currently headed by Kim Jong Un.

The KPA considers its primary adversaries to be the Republic of Korea Armed Forces and United States Forces Korea, across the Korean Demilitarized Zone, as it has since the Armistice Agreement of July 1953. As of 2021 it is the second largest military organisation in the world, with 29.9% of the North Korean population actively serving, in reserve or in a paramilitary capacity.
Speaker of the National Assembly of South Africa
The speaker of the National Assembly presides over the National Assembly of South Africa, the lower house of the Parliament of South Africa.

The office of speaker of the National Assembly was preceded by the offices of speaker of the House of Assembly (1910–1984) under the 1909 and 1961 constitutions and speaker of Parliament under the Tricameral Parliament (1984–1994).

Lower house
A lower house is the lower chamber of a bicameral legislature, where the other chamber is the upper house. Although styled as "below" the upper house, in many legislatures worldwide, the lower house has come to wield more power or otherwise exert significant political influence.