hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gyanendra Pratap Singh
Gyanendra Pratap Singh also known as GP Singh (born 8 November 1967) is a 1991- batch Indian Police Service (IPS)  officer from Assam-Meghalaya cadre who served as the Director General of Assam Police from 2023-2025. On 30 January 2025 he took charge as the Director General of the Central Reserve Police Force of India.

Assam Police
The Assam Police is the law enforcement agency for the state of Assam in India. The regular police force was initiated in Assam by the British after the Treaty of Yandaboo to maintain the law and order. It functions under the Department of Home Affairs, Assam. The headquarters of Assam Police is situated at Ulubari in the state capital Guwahati.
William Gawtress Raymond
William Gawtress Raymond (24 March 1855 – 23 April 1942) was a Liberal party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was born in London, England and became a merchant and postmaster. Raymond was a former student of the Ontario Institute for the Blind in Brantford (now The W. Ross Macdonald School), after losing most of his sight on a voyage to the Cape of Good Hope in 1873. He began his attendance at the school immediately after emigrating to Canada in 1873.

In 1890, Raymond became an alderman in Brantford, Ontario and served in that capacity until 1895. In 1898 and 1899 he was mayor of that city.

He was elected to Parliament at the Brantford riding in the 1921 general election. After serving his only federal term, the 14th Canadian Parliament, riding boundaries were changed and Raymond was defeated by Robert Edwy Ryerson of the Conservatives at the new Brantford City riding in the 1925 federal election.

14th Canadian Parliament
The 14th Canadian Parliament was in session from 8 March 1922 until 5 September 1925.  The membership was set by the 1921 federal election on 6 December 1921, and it changed somewhat due to resignations and by-elections. It was dissolved on 5 September 1925, causing the 1925 election.

It was controlled by a Liberal Party government under Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King and the 12th Canadian Ministry.  The Official Opposition was the Conservative Party, led by Arthur Meighen, although the new Progressive Party led by Thomas Crerar had more seats.  The appearance of the Progressive Party created a three-party system in the House for the first time since the 1867 Anti-Confederation Party.

The Speaker was Rodolphe Lemieux.  See also List of Canadian electoral districts 1914-1924 for a list of the ridings in this parliament.

There were four sessions of the 14th Parliament:
Ibrahim Heski
Ibrahim Heski or Ibrahim Pasha Haski Tello (Kurdish: Biroyê Heskê Têlî; 1877, Diyadin – July 25, 1931, Siah Cheshmeh, Iran) was a Kurdish soldier, politician and president of the Kurdish Republic of Ararat. He was from the Jalali tribe.

Diyadin
Diyadin (Kurdish: Giyadîn; Armenian: Տատէոն, romanized: Tatēon) is a town in Ağrı Province of Turkey, at the foot of Mount Tendürek, a high peak in the Aladağlar range that stands between Ağrı and the north shore of Lake Van. It is the seat of Diyadin District. Its population is 20,302 (2021).
L'égyptienne (Lecocq)
L'égyptienne is an 1890 operetta in 3 acts and 11 scenes by Charles Lecocq, to a libretto by Henri Chivot, Charles Nuitter and Alexandre Beaumont. The operetta was publicized as an "opérette militaire". It premiered 8 November 1890 at the Folies-Dramatiques, Paris. The Revue d'art dramatique noted that the production took place at the reopened Eden Théâtre, now transformed into an opera house. The reviewer of the Courrier de l'art commented that Lecocq was no longer producing operettas with the frequency of the past and was more selective in choice of material. The piece was not a success and ran for 22 performances.

Charles-Louis-Étienne Nuitter
Charles-Louis-Étienne Nuitter was a French librettist, translator, writer and librarian born in Paris, France, on 24 April 1828. He died there on 23 February 1899 after suffering a stroke a few days before.
Spongano
Spongano (Salentino: Spugnànu) is a town and comune in the province of Lecce, in the Apulia region of south-east Italy. It is located among the olive groves of Puglia's Salento, and retains its rural character while being just a few minutes to the Adriatic Sea. The rocky shore provides hidden coves interrupted by sandy beaches and reefs. The town bears witness to humanity's prehistoric presence with the dolmen called Piedi Grandi along with other megaliths and mehir.

Salentino dialect
Salentino (salentinu; salintinu; salentino) is an Extreme Southern Italian dialect (italiano meridionale estremo in Italian), spoken in the Salento peninsula, situated in the south of the Apulia region of Italy.
Pallene
Pallene can refer to:

Pallene (mythology), one of the seven Alkyonides, daughters of the giant Alkyoneus in Greek mythology

Pallene (moon), a small moon of Saturn, discovered in 2004

Pallene (Attica), a deme of ancient Attica, Greece

Pallini, a town east of Athens, Greece

Pallene, Chalcidice, the westernmost headland of the Chalcidice, Greece, also called Kassandra
Pallini, Chalcidice, a municipality in the above

Pallini
Pallini (Greek: Παλλήνη) is a suburban town in the Greater Athens Area and a municipality in East Attica, Greece. The seat of the municipality is the town Gerakas. It is the seat of administration of the East Attica regional unit.
Flight qualification
To flight-qualify is to take a product, process, or material and test it in order to prove that it will withstand the environment of aerodynamic or space flight.  This process can include the following tests and processes:

parts screening

thermal test

vacuum test

vibration test or modal testing

material analysis

A flight qualification can include a test in the actual desired environment.

Infrared and thermal testing
Infrared and thermal testing refer to passive thermographic inspection techniques, a class of nondestructive testing designated by the American Society for Nondestructive Testing (ASNT). Infrared thermography is the science of measuring and mapping surface temperatures.

"Infrared thermography, a nondestructive, remote sensing technique, has proved to be an effective, convenient, and economical method of testing concrete. It can detect internal voids, delaminations, and cracks in concrete structures such as bridge decks, highway pavements, garage floors, parking lot pavements, and building walls. As a testing technique, some of its most important qualities are that (1) it is accurate; (2) it is repeatable; (3) it need not inconvenience the public; and (4) it is economical."
Lifesense
Lifesense is a six-part nature documentary television series produced by the BBC Studios Natural History Unit, originally broadcast in the United Kingdom on BBC1 in 1991. The series producer was John Downer and the narrator Andrew Sachs. It used groundbreaking effects and filming techniques to show how animals perceive the wildlife, pioneering techniques reveal our lives from the animal's point of view and creatures across the landscapes from the world around them. The same production team had made the series' predecessor Supersense in 1988 and would go on to make the follow-up series Supernatural: The Unseen Powers of Animals in 1999.

Animal cognition
Animal cognition encompasses the mental capacities of non-human animals, including insect cognition. The study of animal conditioning and learning used in this field was developed from comparative psychology. It has also been strongly influenced by research in ethology, behavioral ecology, and evolutionary psychology;  the alternative name cognitive ethology is sometimes used. Many behaviors associated with the term animal intelligence are also subsumed within animal cognition.

Researchers have examined animal cognition in mammals (especially primates, cetaceans, elephants, bears, dogs, cats, pigs, horses, cattle, raccoons and rodents), birds (including parrots, fowl, corvids and pigeons), reptiles (lizards, crocodilians, snakes, and turtles), fish and invertebrates (including cephalopods, spiders and insects).
Recitation (horse)
Recitation (foaled 20 February 1978) was an American-bred, British-trained Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. He was one of the best European two-year-olds of 1980, when he won the Coventry Stakes by five lengths and the Grand Critérium in France. In the following year he won the Poule d'Essai des Poulains, but was beaten in his last three starts. In all, he recorded five wins and five placings in a career of thirteen races. He was retired to become a breeding stallion in Kentucky, but had little success as a sire of winners.

Prix Jean-Luc Lagardère
The Prix Jean-Luc Lagardère, formerly the Grand Critérium, is a Group 1 flat horse race in France open to two-year-old thoroughbred colts and fillies. It is run at Longchamp over a distance of 1,400 metres (about 7 furlongs), and it is scheduled to take place each year in early October.

It is France's oldest and most prestigious event for juvenile horses. It is the country's equal richest race for this age group, along with the Prix Morny. Each has a current purse of €400,000.
2015 BGL Luxembourg Open
The 2015 BGL Luxembourg Open was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts sponsored by BNP Paribas. It was the 20th edition of the Luxembourg Open, and part of the WTA International tournaments category of the 2015 WTA Tour. It was held in Kockelscheuer, Luxembourg, on 19 October until 25 October 2015. Unseeded Misaki Doi won the singles title.

Océane Dodin
Océane Dodin (French pronunciation: [ɔsean dɔdɛ̃], born 24 October 1996) is a French professional tennis player. She reached a career-high singles ranking of No. 46 and in doubles of No. 375 in 2017 by the WTA. Dodin has won one WTA Tour singles title at the 2016 Coupe Banque Nationale, and a further 17 ITF Circuit titles. Her best result at a major is reaching the fourth round of the 2024 Australian Open.
Ty 9785
The Ty 9785 is an industrial narrow-gauge steam locomotive and tank locomotive designed for a track gauge of 1,000 mm, with a 0-6-0T wheel arrangement (Cn2t). Built in 1921 by the German manufacturer Orenstein & Koppel (serial number 9785), it was used in Poland at the Gryfice Sugar Refinery and is now preserved for museum purposes.

Track gauge
In rail transport, track gauge is the distance between the two rails of a railway track. All vehicles on a rail network must have wheelsets that are compatible with the track gauge. Since many different track gauges exist worldwide, gauge differences often present a barrier to wider operation on railway networks.

The term derives from the metal bar, or gauge, that is used to ensure the distance between the rails is correct.

Railways also deploy two other gauges to ensure compliance with a required standard. A loading gauge is a two-dimensional profile that encompasses a cross-section of the track, a rail vehicle and a maximum-sized load: all rail vehicles and their loads must be contained in the corresponding envelope. A structure gauge specifies the outline into which structures (bridges, platforms, lineside equipment etc.) must not encroach.
2 (Florent Pagny album)
2 is a 2001 album recorded by French singer Florent Pagny. It was his seventh studio album and was released on December 17, 2001. It achieved success in France and Belgium (Wallonia), where it hit #3, and in Switzerland where it peaked at #8. This album is composed of cover versions of popular songs in French or English, and covers of Pagny's previous songs, but as the title suggests, these songs were overdubbed as duets with many notable artists such as David Hallyday, Calogero, Pascal Obispo and Patrick Bruel. It provided a sole single, "L'air du temps", recorded with Cécilia Cara, which was #20 in France and #19 in Belgium (Wallonia).

Patrick Bruel
Patrick Benguigui (French pronunciation: [patʁik bɛnɡiɡi]; born 14 May 1959), better known by his stage name Patrick Bruel (pronounced [patʁik bʁyɛl]), is a French singer-songwriter, actor and professional poker player.
Live at the Blue Note (Duke Ellington album)
Live at the Blue Note is a live album by American pianist, composer and bandleader Duke Ellington recorded at The Blue Note nightclub in Chicago for the Roulette label in 1959.

The album was originally released as a single LP and rereleased as a double CD in 1994 with fourteen bonus tracks on the Blue Note label.

Shorty Baker
Harold "Shorty" Baker (May 26, 1914 in St. Louis, Missouri, US – November 8, 1966) was an American jazz trumpeter.

Baker began on drums, but switched to trumpet during his teens. He started his career on riverboats and played with Don Redman in the mid-1930s. He also worked with Teddy Wilson and Andy Kirk before joining Duke Ellington. He married Kirk's pianist Mary Lou Williams and though the two separated shortly thereafter, they never officially divorced.

Baker worked on and off in Duke Ellington's Orchestra from 1942 to 1962. He also worked with Johnny Hodges's group in the early 1950s, during the period when Hodges was not a member of Ellington's orchestra.

He died of throat cancer in New York at the age of 52.
Raatbek Sanatbayev
Raatbek Sanatbayev (7 May 1969 – 8 January 2006 in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan) was a Kyrgyz Greco-Roman wrestler who competed in the Men's Greco-Roman 82 kg at the 1996 Summer Olympics and the Men's Greco-Roman 85 kg at the 2000 Summer Olympics. He won the bronze medal at the 1999 World Championships, and won the Asian Championship in 1999 and 2000, silver medals in the 1995 and 1997 Asian Championships and 1994 and 1998 Asian Games, and a bronze medal at the 1996 Asian Championships.

After retiring from the sport, he ran to become the head of the Kyrgyz Olympic Committee, recently vacated after the murder of Bayaman Erkinbayev the previous September. He was assassinated in 2006.

Wrestling at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Men's Greco-Roman 85 kg
The men's Greco-Roman 85 kilograms at the 2000 Summer Olympics as part of the wrestling program was held at the Sydney Convention and Exhibition Centre from September 25 to 27. The competition held with an elimination system of three or four wrestlers in each pool, with the winners qualify for the quarterfinals, semifinals and final by way of direct elimination.
Around the World with Orson Welles
Around the World with Orson Welles is a series of six short travelogues originally written and directed by Orson Welles for Associated-Rediffusion in 1955, for Britain's then-new ITV channel. Despite its title emphasizing the world, it was entirely filmed in Europe. Among other incidents in the episodes, Welles visited Jean Cocteau and Juliette Gréco in Paris, attended a bullfight in Madrid (with co-hosts Kenneth Tynan and Elaine Dundy) and visited the Basque Country.

Juliette Gréco
Juliette Gréco (French: [ʒyljɛt ɡʁeko]; 7 February 1927 – 23 September 2020) was a French singer and actress. Her best known songs are "Paris Canaille" (1962, originally sung by Léo Ferré), "La Javanaise" (1963, written by Serge Gainsbourg for Gréco) and "Déshabillez-moi" (1967). She often sang tracks with lyrics written by French poets such as Jacques Prévert and Boris Vian, as well as singers like Jacques Brel and Charles Aznavour. Her 60-year career concluded with her final worldwide tour titled "Merci", which began in 2015.

As an actress, Gréco played roles in films by French directors such as Jean Cocteau and Jean-Pierre Melville.
Whitstone Hundred
Whitstone was an ancient hundred of Gloucestershire, England.  From the 13th century it comprised two adjacent divisions, which included the ancient parishes of:

Lower Division

Eastington

Frampton-on-Severn

Frocester

King's Stanley

Leonard Stanley

Stonehouse

Wheatenhurst (now Whitminster)

Upper Division

Fretherne

Hardwicke

Haresfield

Longney

Moreton Valence

Randwick

Saul

Standish

Quedgeley (part)

The hundred existed at the time of the Domesday Book in 1086, but covering a smaller area.  By 1220 the adjacent Blacklow hundred had been absorbed. Blachelaue in the Domesday Book contained the parishes of Alkerton (now Eastington), Frampton (-on-Severn), Frocester, (Kings) Stanley, (Leonard) Stanley, Stonehouse, Wheatenhurst, and Fretherne.

The ancient meeting place of the hundred was probably at Whitestones Field in the parish of Hardwicke, although meetings were later held at Quedgeley, Stonehouse, Wheatenhurst and Frampton.

Fretherne
Fretherne is a small village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Fretherne with Saul, in the Stroud district, in Gloucestershire, England, situated between the larger villages of Frampton-on-Severn and Arlingham. In 1881 the parish had a population of 239. In the Domesday Book of 1086 it is recorded as held by Turstin FitzRolf. The village name probably originates from Old English 'Frithorne,' meaning 'Freo's thorn.'

A public footpath 50 metres west of the church leads to Hock Cliff at the River Severn (at its widest pre-estuary point), which is popular with fossil hunters.

On 24 March 1884 the parish was abolished to form "Fretherne with Saul".
Avtotor
Avtotor (Russian: Автотор) is an automobile manufacturing company located in Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia. Avtotor was established in 1996. By 2008, it was one of the largest producers and assemblers of cars in the world. Industry publication Automotive Manufacturing Solutions estimates the company's revenue for 2011 at 4 billion euros and total employees at 3,500, although credit rating agency Expert estimated total revenue in 2017 at $689 million. In 2022, the company's revenue amounted to 9.5 billion rubles. In May 2022, due to international sanctions imposed in response to the Russo-Ukrainian War, the plant stopped production and went into downtime.

Nanjing Automobile
Nanjing Automobile is a state-owned enterprise with a history that dates from 1947, making it the oldest of the Chinese automobile manufacturers although the comparatively younger FAW Automotive was the first to make cars.

The group's products have included cars, trucks, and buses.

Nanjing Auto merged with the much larger SAIC in 2007 becoming a subsidiary of that company.
Canada and the Vietnam War
Canada did not officially participate in the Vietnam War.  However, it contributed to peacekeeping forces in 1973 to help enforce the Paris Peace Accords.

Privately, some Canadians contributed to the war effort.  Canadian corporations sold materiel to the U.S. government. In addition, at least 30,000 Canadians volunteered to serve in the U.S. armed forces during the war.  At least 134 Canadians died or were reported missing in Vietnam.

Meanwhile, tens of thousands of U.S. Vietnam War resisters immigrated to Canada to avoid the draft.  Largely middle class and educated, they had a significant impact on Canadian life.  After the war, tens of thousands of Vietnamese boat people were also admitted and became a unique part of Canadian life.

Military volunteer
A military volunteer (or war volunteer) is a person who enlists in military service by free will, and is not a conscript, mercenary, or a foreign legionnaire. Volunteers sometimes enlist to fight in the armed forces of a foreign country, for example during the Spanish Civil War. Military volunteers are essential for the operation of volunteer militaries. Many armies, including the U.S. Army, formerly distinguished between "Important Volunteers" enlisted during a war, and "regulars" who served on long-term basis.
1997 Kroger St. Jude International
The 1997 Kroger St. Jude International was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts at the Racquet Club of Memphis in Memphis, Tennessee in the United States and was part of the Championship Series of the 1997 ATP Tour. The tournament ran from February 17 through February 23, 1997. First-seeded  Michael Chang won the singles title.

ATP International Series Gold
ATP International Series Gold (known from 1990 to 1999 as the ATP Championship Series) was a series of professional tennis tournaments held internationally between 2000 and 2008 that were part of the ATP Tour. The tournaments were positioned below the ATP Masters Series, and above the ATP International Series in terms of prize money and ranking points available.

International Series Gold tournaments offered players cash prizes (purses from $755,000 to $1,426,250 as of 2008) and the ability to earn ATP ranking points. See Association of Tennis Professionals#ATP rankings for more details.

Effective in 2009, this series of tournaments became the ATP Tour 500, incorporating many of the same tournaments. The "500" represents the number of ATP ranking points earned by the winner of each event in the series.
Susana Herrera
Susana Herrera Jordán (26 March 1962 - 2 November 2019) was a ski athlete from Spain.  She was born in Madrid, and lost her sight at the age of 23. She was a type B1 ski athlete.  She raced at the 1988 Winter Paralympics, where she finished first in the downhill race and third in the giant slalom race.

1988 Winter Paralympics
The 1988 Winter Paralympic Games (German: Paralympische Winterspiele 1988) were the fourth Winter Paralympics, held again in Innsbruck, Austria. These were the last Paralympics to be held in a separate location from the Olympics. Beginning in 1992, the Olympics and the Paralympics were held in the same city or in an adjacent city. These Paralympics were not held at the same Olympic venue in Calgary, Canada, because of financial and recruiting difficulties. A total of 377 athletes from 22 countries took part. The USSR competed for the first and only time. Sit-skiing was introduced as another event in both the Alpine and Nordic skiing competitions. Other sports were biathlon and ice sledge speed racing. Ice sledge speed racer Knut Lundstroem from Norway was the most successful athlete, winning four gold medals in the 100m, 500m, 1000m and 1500m events.
Seoul–Pyongyang hotline
The Seoul–Pyongyang hotline, also known as the inter-Korean hotline, is a series of over 40 telephone lines that connect North and South Korea. Most of them run through the Panmunjom Joint Security Area (JSA) within the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) and are maintained by the Red Cross.

Telephone line
A telephone line or telephone circuit (or just line or circuit industrywide) is a single-user circuit on a telephone communication system. It is designed to reproduce speech of a quality that is understandable. It is the physical wire or other signaling medium connecting the user's telephone apparatus to the telecommunications network, and usually also implies a single telephone number for billing purposes reserved for that user.

Telephone lines are used to deliver consistent landline telephone service and digital subscriber line (DSL) phone cable service to the premises. Telephone overhead lines are connected to the public switched telephone network. The voltage at a subscriber's network interface is typically 48 V between the ring and tip wires, with tip near ground and ring at –48 V.
Samanmalee Gunasinghe
Samanmalee Gunasinghe  is a Sri Lankan politician. She was elected to the Sri Lankan Parliament from Colombo Electoral District as a member of the National People's Power (NPP). She is married to Bimal Rathnayake, NPP MP and cabinet minister.

National People's Power
The National People's Power (NPP), known in Sinhala as the Jathika Jana Balawegaya (JJB), is a centre-left to left-wing political alliance in Sri Lanka. It is the current ruling party of Sri Lanka, having won the 2024 presidential and parliamentary elections. President Anura Kumara Dissanayake is the current leader of the party and Nihal Abeysinghe is the general secretary.

Established in 2019, the NPP is an alliance led by the Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna consisting of 21 different groups, including political parties and other organisations. It contests in elections under the compass symbol. Considered an electorally weak third-party prior to 2024, it briefly formed a minority government under president Anura Kumara Dissanayake following his election. In the subsequent parliamentary elections, the NPP became the largest party in the parliament for the first time with 159 seats, winning a supermajority.