hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Core-Plus Mathematics Project
Core-Plus Mathematics is a high school mathematics program consisting of a four-year series of print and digital student textbooks and supporting materials for teachers, developed by the Core-Plus Mathematics Project (CPMP) at Western Michigan University, with funding from the National Science Foundation. Development of the program started in 1992. The first edition, entitled Contemporary Mathematics in Context: A Unified Approach, was completed in 1995. The third edition, entitled Core-Plus Mathematics: Contemporary Mathematics in Context, was published by McGraw-Hill Education in 2015. All rights were returned to the authors in 2024, who have made all textbooks freely available.

Journal for Research in Mathematics Education
The Journal for Research in Mathematics Education is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering the field of mathematics education. The journal is published by the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics in five issues a year. The editor-in-chief is  Patricio Herbst (University of Michigan).
Kanta Pilipinas
Kanta Pilipinas (lit. 'Sing Philippines') is a Philippine television reality competition show broadcast by TV5. Hosted by Rico Blanco, it aired from February 9 to March 24, 2013, replacing Talentadong Pinoy and was replaced by Boracay Bodies.

Television in the Philippines
Television in the Philippines was introduced in October 1953 with the first commercial broadcast by Alto Broadcasting System (now called ABS-CBN). This made the Philippines the first Southeast Asian country, and the second Asian country, to air television broadcasts. During the late 1940s, Filipino engineers and students conducted academic experiments related to broadcasting.

From 1975 to 1978, the Philippine Academy for Television Arts and Sciences (PATAS) presented the SINAG Awards.

The Star Awards for Television, the country's oldest existing television awards, are presented annually by the Philippine Movie Press Club (PMPC) after a voting by members of the press.

The Philippines does not operate any independent public broadcasting television networks. However, there are several government-owned networks.
Menkare
Menkare was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh, the first or second ruler of the Eighth Dynasty. Menkare probably reigned a short time at the transition between the Old Kingdom period and the First Intermediate Period, in the early 22nd century BC. The rapid succession of brief reigns at the time suggests times of hardship, possibly related to a widespread aridification of the Middle East, known as the 4.2 kiloyear event. As a pharaoh of the Eighth Dynasty, according to Manetho, Menkare's seat of power would have been Memphis.

Aridification
Aridification is the process of a region becoming increasingly arid, or dry. It refers to long term change, rather than seasonal variation.

It is often measured as the reduction of average soil moisture content.
It can be caused by reduced precipitation, increased evaporation, lowering of water tables, and changes in ground cover acting individually or in combination.
Its major consequences include reduced agricultural production, soil degradation, ecosystem changes and decreased water catchment runoff.

Some researchers have found that the Colorado River basin and other parts of western North America are currently undergoing aridification.

A December 2024 report from the UNCCD concluded that more than three-quarters of the Earth's land "has become permanently dryer in recent decades", that "drier climates now affecting vast regions across the globe will not return to how they were", and that a quarter of the global population lives in expanding drylands.
Nova Scotia Route 212
Route 212 is a collector road in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia.

It is located in the Halifax Regional Municipality and connects Enfield at Exit 5 on Highway 102 with Route 357 at Elderbank in the Musquodoboit Valley.

The route is known as the "Old Guysborough Road" as it was the colonial military road from Halifax to Guysborough.

Musquodoboit Valley
The Musquodoboit Valley (/ˌmʌskəˈdɒbɪt/ MUS-kə-DOB-it) is a valley and region in the Halifax Regional Municipality of Nova Scotia, Canada. It is administratively located in the municipality's Musquodoboit Valley & Dutch Settlement planning area and the western edge of the valley includes communities that are considered part of the commutershed for the urban area of the Halifax Regional Municipality. The picturesque Musquodoboit River flows through majority of the valley, passing by most of the communities in the valley. The river is approximately 97 kilometres (60 mi) long and originates in the extreme northeastern area of the valley. The three largest communities in the valley are Upper Musquodoboit, Middle Musquodoboit and Musquodoboit Harbour. The word "Musquodoboit" is derived from the Mi’kmaq language and means "rolling out in foam".
Frontal nerve
The frontal nerve is the largest branch of the ophthalmic nerve (V1), itself a branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN V). It supplies sensation to the skin of the forehead, the mucosa of the frontal sinus, and the skin of the upper eyelid. It may be affected by schwannoma.

Mucous membrane
A mucous membrane or mucosa is a membrane that lines various cavities in the body of an organism and covers the surface of internal organs. It consists of one or more layers of epithelial cells overlying a layer of loose connective tissue known as the lamina propria. It is mostly of endodermal origin and is continuous with the skin at body openings such as the eyes, eyelids, ears, inside the nose, inside the mouth, lips, the genital areas, the urethral opening and the anus. Some mucous membranes secrete mucus, a thick protective fluid. The function of the membrane is to stop pathogens and dirt from entering the body and to prevent bodily tissues from becoming dehydrated.

Amphibians, fish, snails, slugs, and some other invertebrates also produce external mucus from their epidermis as protection against pathogens, to help in movement, and to line fish gills. Plants produce a similar substance called mucilage that is also produced by some microorganisms.
Lamba (surname)
Lamba‌, also spelt Lanba, is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Abhimanyu Lamba (born 1995), Indian cricketer

Ajai Lamba (born 1958), Indian judge

Alka Lamba (born 1975), Indian politician

Ankit Lamba (born 1991), Indian cricketer

Arfi Lamba, Indian-born actor, producer, entertainer, philosopher, and humanist

Arvinder Singh Lamba, Indian general

Aryan Niraj Lamba (born 2002), Indian footballer

Chhaju Ram Lamba (1861–1943), Indian businessman and philanthropist

Dinesh Lamba, Indian actor

Indrajit Lamba (born 1949), Indian equestrian

Jacqueline Lamba (1910–1993), French artist

Minissha Lamba (born 1985), Indian actress

Priti Lamba (born 1995), Indian track athlete

Raman Lamba (1960–1998), Indian cricketer

Ramswaroop Lamba, Indian politician

Riccardo Lamba (born 1956), Catholic Priest of Italy

Sonam Lamba (born 1997), Indian actress

Sunil Lamba (born 1957), former Indian Navy Chief

Vinay Lamba, Indian cricketer

Raman Lamba
Raman Lamba (pronunciationⓘ; 2 January 1960 – 23 February 1998) was an Indian cricketer. Raman had played in four Tests and 32 One Day Internationals, mainly as a batsman. He was a popular player in Bangladesh's Dhaka Premier League and also represented Ireland in unofficial One Day International matches. Lamba died after slipping into a coma, due to an internal haemorrhage, three days after being hit on the temporal bone by a cricket ball while fielding in Bangladesh's league cricket.
Sharjah Al Jubail bus station
The Al Jubail Bus Station, also known as the Al Jubail Terminal, is a bus station and International Bus Terminal in Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. It is situated in Al Jubail and adjacent to Downtown Sharjah. It is owned by the Roads and Transport Authority (Sharjah).

With an area of 5 acres, the station is one of the largest in the Emirate of Sharjah. There are two entrances to the bus station, each serving as entrance and exit. The entries are from North Side (Al Jubail Souq), East Side (Sharjah Blue Souk) and two on South Side (in front of Sharjah Rolla-Beach Road).

Sharjah Central Souq
Sharjah Central Souq (Arabic: السوق المركزي, romanized: Sūq al-Markazi)  also known as the Blue Souk or Gold Souq is the covered souq (market) located in  King Faisal Street, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates, adjacent to the 'Smile You Are In Sharjah' roundabout and the Khaled Lagoon. The Central Souk consists of two large connected buildings, with an area of approximately 80,000sqm and over 600 shops.
Giants (Take That song)
"Giants" is a song recorded by English band Take That for their eighth studio album, Wonderland (2017). It was written by Gary Barlow, Howard Donald, Mark Owen, Jamie Norton and Ben Mark, while the production was done by Mark Ralph. It was released as the lead single from Wonderland on 17 February 2017 through Polydor Records.

Metropolis Group
Metropolis Studios is a music production and entertainment industry company established in 1989 by Gary Langan, Carey Taylor, Karin Clayton and Alexander Skeaping. It is located in the Power House, a Grade II listed building, at 70 Chiswick High Road in Chiswick, London, England. Over the last twenty years the group has expanded and now consists of three divisions: Metropolis Studios, Metropolis Mastering, and Digital Media/Productions.

Metropolis Studios was bought out on 31 May 2013 by 'MLML (Metropolis London Music Limited)', placing it in group with the Academy of Contemporary Music) The Group in 2017 gained a new CEO Richard Connell, a former Sony Music executive.
Aime Wichtendahl
Aime Wichtendahl is an American politician. In 2024, Wichtendahl became the first transgender person elected to the Iowa General Assembly, representing House District 80 in the Cedar Rapids area. She is also the first transgender woman to be elected to public office in Iowa. She was first elected to Hiawatha's City Council in 2015, a seat to which she was re-elected twice in 2019 and 2023. She is a member of the Democratic Party.

Hiawatha, Iowa
Hiawatha is a city in Linn County, Iowa, United States. It is a suburb located in the northwestern side of Cedar Rapids and is part of the Cedar Rapids Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 7,183 at the time of the 2020 census, an increase from 6,480 in 2000.
1975 Vuelta a España
The 30th Edition Vuelta a España (Tour of Spain), a long-distance bicycle stage race and one of the three grand tours, was held from 22 April to 11 May 1975. It consisted of 19 stages covering a total of 3,104 km (1,929 mi), and was won by Agustín Tamames of the Super Ser cycling team. Andrés Oliva won the mountains classification while Miguel María Lasa won the points classification.

Cycling team
A cycling team is a group of cyclists who join a team or are acquired and train together to compete in bicycle races whether amateur or professional – and the supporting personnel. Cycling teams are most important in road bicycle racing, which is a team sport, but collaboration between team members is also important in track cycling and cyclo-cross.
Doğan Kardeş
Doğan Kardeş (literally 'Brother Doğan') was the name of a publishing company and a periodical for children in Turkey.

The periodical and the company were named after Doğa, a 10-year-old boy studying in a school in Flims, Switzerland. He died during an avalanche on 10 April 1939. His father, Kâzım Taşkent, who was the founder of Yapı ve Kredi Bankası established a publishing company to commemorate his son.

Flims
Flims (Romansh: Flem) is a municipality in the Imboden Region in the Swiss canton of the Grisons. The town of Flims is dominated by the Flimserstein which one can see from almost anywhere in the area.

Flims consists of the village of Flims (called Flims Dorf) and the hamlets of Fidaz and Scheia as well as Flims-Waldhaus, the initial birthplace of tourism in Flims, where most of the hotels were built before and after around 1900.
Denway Motors
Denway Motors Limited is an investment holding company listed in Hong Kong. It engages in the manufacturing, assembly and trading of motor vehicles and automotive equipment and parts in China and Hong Kong through its group companies. It owns 50% of Guangqi Honda, a joint venture with Honda in Guangzhou, China.

The company's shares were oversubscribed more than 600 times when it was first listed in Hong Kong. In 2010, shareholders approved the privatization of Denway Motors by its parent company, Guangzhou Automobile Group. Denway Motors was delisted on 25 August 2010, replaced by the listing of Guangzhou Automobile Group on 30 August 2010 via stock swap.

GAC Honda
GAC Honda Automobile Co., Ltd. is a Chinese automobile manufacturing joint venture company based in Guangzhou, Guangdong province.

Co-owned by Honda and GAC Group (Guangqi), GAC Honda operates two plants that, as of 2011, produces Honda-branded models and one car sold under the China-only Everus brand. GAC Honda's products incorporate Japanese-made parts. According to statistics from the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, Guangqi Honda's car sales in 2005 were 203,200 units, ranking fifth in mainland China.

Originally named Guangzhou Honda, this was changed to GAC Honda in 2009. As of 2011, the company claims to have a per year production capacity of 480,000.
Mississippi Highway 436
Mississippi Highway 436 (MS 436) is a state highway in western Mississippi. The route starts at Eastside Lake Washington Road in Glen Allan and travels eastward. The road intersects MS 1 in Hampton and turns northeastward. It ends near Percy at U.S. Route 61 (US 61). MS 436 was designated in 1957, along a road from US 61 to a point near the Washington–Sharkey county line. The route was extended westward to Glen Allan along a state-maintained road in 1958, and also eastward to Belzoni via a county road in 1967. The route east of US 61 was decommissioned by 1967.

Percy, Mississippi
Percy is an unincorporated community in Washington County, Mississippi, United States. Percy is approximately 3.3 miles (5.3 km) north of Panther Burn and 4.7 miles (7.6 km) south of Hollandale along U.S. Route 61.
Barbara Gray (politician)
Barbara E. Gray (née Gantz; October 11, 1926 – March 28, 2014) was an American Democratic politician from Framingham, Massachusetts. She represented the 39th Middlesex district from 1973 to 1974, the 56th Middlesex district from 1975 to 1978, and the 6th Middlesex district from 1979 to 1996 in the Massachusetts House of Representatives. She was first elected as a Republican, but switched parties in October 1990.

Framingham, Massachusetts
Framingham (/ˈfreɪmɪŋhæm/ ⓘ) is a city in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts,  United States. Incorporated in 1700, it is located in Middlesex County and the MetroWest subregion of the Greater Boston metropolitan area. The city proper covers 25 square miles (65 km2) with a population of 72,362 in 2020, making it the 14th most populous municipality in Massachusetts. Residents voted in favor of adopting a charter to transition from a representative town meeting system to a mayor–council government in April 2017, and the municipality transitioned to city status on January 1, 2018. Before it transitioned, it had been the largest town by population in Massachusetts.

The city has one of the largest Brazilian American populations in the United States, with a considerable Brazilian presence since the 1980s.
Killing of Genivaldo de Jesus
On 25 May 2022, Genivaldo de Jesus Santos, a black man diagnosed with schizophrenia, was tortured and killed by the Federal Highway Police (PRF) in Umbaúba, Sergipe, Brazil, using an improvised gas chamber. His death, which occurred exactly two years after the murder of George Floyd, has had international repercussions.

Sergipe
Sergipe (English: /ˌsɛərˈʒiːpi/, sair-ZHEE-pee ⓘ; Brazilian Portuguese: [sɛʁˈʒipi] ⓘ), officially the State of Sergipe, is a state of Brazil. Located in the Northeast Region along the Atlantic coast of the country, Sergipe is the smallest state in Brazil by geographical area at 21,910 square kilometres (8,460 mi2), larger only than the Federal District. Sergipe borders Bahia to the south and west and Alagoas to the north. Aracaju is the capital and the largest city in the state; the state is divided into 75 municipalities. The state has 1.1% of the Brazilian population and produces 0.6% of the Brazilian GDP.
Loke pri Zagorju
Loke pri Zagorju (pronounced [ˈloːkɛ pɾi zaˈɡoːɾju]; German: Lokach) is a settlement immediately north of Kisovec in the Municipality of Zagorje ob Savi in central Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Upper Carniola. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Central Sava Statistical Region.

Municipality of Zagorje ob Savi
The Municipality of Zagorje ob Savi (pronounced [zaˈɡoːɾjɛ ɔp ˈsaːʋi]; Slovene: Občina Zagorje ob Savi) is a municipality in central Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Zagorje ob Savi. The area is part of the traditional region of Upper Carniola. The entire municipality is now included in the Central Sava Statistical Region. The population of the municipality is about 17,000.

Archaeological evidence shows that the area was already settled in the Late Bronze Age and Iron Age.
One Crowded Hour
"One Crowded Hour" is a song by Australian indie rock band Augie March written by Glenn Richards. The song was released in April 2006 as the first single released from their third studio album, Moo, You Bloody Choir. In 2025, the song was voted 34 in the Triple J Hottest 100 of Australian Songs.

The song had been played by both the band and acoustically by frontman, Glenn Richards, for upwards of two years before the album was finally released.

Triple J's Hottest 100 of Australian Songs
The Hottest 100 of Australian Songs was counted down by Australian youth radio station Triple J on 26 July 2025. Celebrating the broadcaster's 50th anniversary, it was the first time the Hottest 100 polled exclusively Australian songs, with music from all prior years eligible. More than 2.65 million votes were submitted by listeners. The Hottest 200 was counted down from 28 July through to 1 August 2025.
3-Phenoxymandelonitrile
3-phenoxymandelonitrile (also 3-phenoxy-α-cyanobenzyl alcohol) is an organic compound belonging to the group of cyanohydrins. It is primarily used in the synthesis of pyrethroids, a class of insecticides.

Cyanohydrin
In organic chemistry, a cyanohydrin or hydroxynitrile is a functional group found in organic compounds in which a cyano and a hydroxy group are attached to the same carbon atom.  The general formula is R2C(OH)CN, where R is H, alkyl, or aryl.  Cyanohydrins are industrially important precursors to carboxylic acids and some amino acids.  Cyanohydrins can be formed by the  cyanohydrin reaction, which involves treating a ketone or an aldehyde with hydrogen cyanide (HCN) in the presence of excess amounts of sodium cyanide (NaCN) as a catalyst:

RR’C=O  +  HCN  →  RR’C(OH)CN

In this reaction, the nucleophilic CN− ion attacks the electrophilic carbonyl carbon in the ketone, followed by protonation by HCN, thereby regenerating the cyanide anion.  Cyanohydrins are also prepared by displacement of sulfite by cyanide salts:

Cyanohydrins are intermediates in the Strecker amino acid synthesis.  In aqueous acid, they are hydrolyzed to the α-hydroxy acid.
Greater Bangkok commuter rail
Greater Bangkok commuter rail is a commuter rail system in Bangkok Metropolitan Region, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Province, Saraburi Province, Lopburi Province, Suphan Buri Province, Ratchaburi Province, Chacheongsao Province, Nakhon Nayok Province, Prachinburi Province, and Samut Songkhram Province. It runs from and to the outskirts of the city during the rush hour, and the passenger number is high. It is operated by State Railway of Thailand (SRT) that also operates inter-city rail. Commuter rail services always have number 3xx. Most of the system are double track.

Nakhon Nayok province
Nakhon Nayok (Thai: นครนายก, pronounced [ná(ʔ).kʰɔ̄ːn nāː.jók]) is one of the central provinces (changwat) of Thailand, established by the Act Establishing Changwat Samut Prakan, Changwat Nonthaburi, Changwat Samut Sakhon, and Changwat Nakhon Nayok, Buddhist Era 2489 (1946), which came into force on 9 May 1946.

Neighboring provinces are (from north clockwise) Saraburi, Nakhon Ratchasima, Prachinburi, Chachoengsao, and Pathum Thani.
Nakhon Nayok is known for waterfalls and fruit varieties.

Nakon Nayok is a nearby province to Bangkok and has various tourist attractions. Khao Yai National Park, Thailands oldest national park is in partly in Nakhon Nayok province and attracts many tourists. Khun Dan Prakarn Chon Dam is another tourist attraction 2 hours outside of Bangkok in Nakhon Nayok.
Mascoutin Valley State Trail
Mascoutin Valley State Trail is a  rail trail in northeastern Wisconsin. The trail is used for walking, bicycling, horseback riding (except Green Lake County), and snowmobiling during the winter months. The trail can also be used for cross-country skiing and snowshoeing but the trail is not groomed and must be shared with snowmobiles. Numerous miles of snowmobile trails connect to the Mascoutin Valley State Trail.

The trail is approximately 20 miles (32 km) in total length divided into two sections, 10.4 miles (16.7 km) Berlin to Ripon and 9.7 miles (15.6 km) Rosendale to Fond du Lac.  The trail surfaces are crushed limestone with some parts being grass and gravel.  The trail is maintained by the counties of Fond du Lac, Winnebago, and Green Lake in conjunction with the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources.

Fond du Lac, Wisconsin
Fond du Lac (/ˈfɒndəlæk/ ⓘ) is a city in Fond du Lac County, Wisconsin, United States, and its county seat. It is at the southern end of Lake Winnebago and had a population of 44,678 at the 2020 census. The city forms the core of the Fond du Lac metropolitan statistical area, which includes all of Fond du Lac County and had 104,154 residents in 2020.
Bang (Korean)
Bang (Korean: 방) is a Korean word meaning "room". In a traditional Korean house, a sarangbang is the study or drawing room, for example.

In modern Korea (especially in the South), the concept of a bang has expanded and diversified from being merely a walled segment in a domestic space, to including buildings or enterprises in commercial, urban, space, such as a PC bang (an internet café), a noraebang (a karaoke room), sojubang (a soju room, i.e. a pub), manhwabang (a manhwa room, where people read or borrow manhwa) and a jjimjilbang (elaborate Korean public bathhouse). This can be compared with the similar expansion of the concept of a "house" to include upper houses, opera houses, coffee houses, and publishing houses.

Phonetically more tensed word ppang (빵) is used as an abbreviation of a noun gambang (감방; 監房; kambang), meaning "jail".

Manhwa
Manhwa (Korean: 만화; Hanja: 漫畵; Korean pronunciation: [manβʷa]) is the general Korean term for comics and print cartoons. Outside Korea, the term usually refers to Korean comics.

Modern Manhwa has extended its reach to many other countries. These comics have branched outside of Korea by access to Webtoons and have created an impact that has resulted in some movie, drama and television show adaptations.