hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bellas Artes metro station (Santiago)
Bellas Artes is an underground metro station on the Line 5 of the Santiago Metro. It has platforms narrower than those of the older Santiago's metro stations and has only one exit. Chilean National Museum of Fine Arts, which is located on Parque Forestal, and Santa Lucía Hill are within walking distance from the station. The station was opened on 3 March 2000 as part of the extension of the line was extended from Baquedano to Santa Ana.

The name Bellas Artes is Spanish for Fine Arts, an allusion to the aforementioned museum.

Santa Lucía Hill
Santa Lucía Hill (Spanish: Cerro Santa Lucía), also known in Mapuche as Huelén Hill (Spanish: Cerro Huelén), is a small hill in the centre of Santiago, Chile. It is situated between Alameda del Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins in the south, Santa Lucía Street in the west and Victoria Subercaseaux on the east. An adjacent metro station is named after it.  The hill has an altitude of 629 m and a height of 69 m over the surrounding area.  The hill is the remnant of a volcano 15 million years old.

The hill comprises a 65,300 square metre park adorned with ornate facades, stairways and fountains. At the highest point there is a viewpoint popular with tourists visiting the city and meeting point.
Norwegian Constituent Assembly
The Norwegian Constituent Assembly (Norwegian: Grunnlovsforsamlingen or Riksforsamlingen) is the name given to the 1814 constitutional assembly that adopted the Norwegian Constitution and formalised the dissolution of the union with Denmark. The meetings took place at the Eidsvoll Manor in the village of Eidsvoll Verk in the Eidsvoll parish in Akershus county, Norway from 10 April to 20 May 1814. In Norway, it is often just referred to as Eidsvollsforsamlingen, which means The Assembly of Eidsvoll.

Eidsvoll Verk
Eidsvoll Verk is a village in Eidsvoll, in Akershus County, Norway. It is served by Eidsvoll Verk Station on the Gardermoen Line. It was the site of the former Eidsvold Iron Works. It is also the site of the Eidsvoll Manor, where the Constitution of Norway was signed in 1814.
Krasne, Augustów County
Krasne [ˈkrasnɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lipsk, within Augustów County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland, close to the border with Belarus.

Four Polish citizens were murdered by Nazi Germany in the village during World War II.

Augustów County
Augustów County (Polish: powiat augustowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Podlaskie Voivodeship, north-eastern Poland, on the border with Belarus. It came into being on 1 January 1999 as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest city is Augustów, which lies 83 kilometres (52 mi) north of the regional capital Białystok. The only other town in the county is Lipsk, lying 32 km (20 mi) south-east of Augustów.

The county covers an area of 1,658.27 square kilometres (640.3 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 58,205.
Aosta Courthouse
The Aosta Courthouse (Palazzo di Giustizia) is a judicial complex located on Via César Ollietti in Aosta, Italy. In addition to the offices of the Court, the building also houses the Public Prosecutor's Office and the Secretariat of the Bar Association.

Aosta
Aosta (official French: Aoste; Valdôtain: Aoûta) is the principal city of the Aosta Valley, a bilingual region in the Alps, 110 km (68 mi) north-northwest of Turin, Italy. It is situated near the Italian entrance of the Mont Blanc Tunnel and the Great St Bernard Tunnel, at the confluence of the Buthier and the Dora Baltea, and at the junction of the Great and Little St Bernard Pass routes.
2011 Epsom and Ewell Borough Council election
Elections to Epsom and Ewell Borough Council were held on Thursday 5 May 2011 in line with other local elections in the United Kingdom. All 38 seats across 13 wards of this Non-metropolitan district were up for election.

Epsom and Ewell
Epsom and Ewell (/ˈjuːəl, juːl/) is a local government district with borough status in Surrey, England, covering the towns of Epsom and Ewell. The borough lies just outside the administrative boundary of Greater London, but it is entirely within the M25 motorway which encircles London. Many of the borough's urban areas form part of the wider Greater London Built-up Area.

The neighbouring districts are Reigate and Banstead, Mole Valley, Kingston upon Thames and Sutton, the latter two being London boroughs.
DB Class 23
The steam locomotives of Class 23 were German passenger train locomotives developed in the 1950s for the Deutsche Bundesbahn. They had a 2-6-2 wheel arrangement and were equipped with Class 2'2' T 31 tenders. They were designed to replace the once ubiquitous Prussian P 8 engines that had been built between 1908 and 1924 and, in their day, were the most numerous post-war replacement class.

Tender (rail)
A tender is a special rail vehicle hauled by a steam locomotive containing its fuel (wood, coal, oil or torrefied biomass) and water. Steam locomotives consume large quantities of water compared to the quantity of fuel, so their tenders are necessary to keep them running over long distances. A locomotive that pulls a tender is called either a tender locomotive or a tender engine. Locomotives that do not have tenders and carry all their fuel and water on board are called tank locomotives or tank engines.

A corridor tender is a locomotive tender with a passageway to one side, allowing crew changes on the fly.

A brake tender is a tender that is heavy and used (primarily) to provide greater braking efficiency.
2003 Sharpie 500
The 2003 Sharpie 500 was the 24th stock car race of the 2003 NASCAR Winston Cup Series season and the 43rd iteration of the event. The race was held on Saturday, August 23, 2003, before a crowd of 160,000 in Bristol, Tennessee at Bristol Motor Speedway, a 0.533 miles (0.858 km) permanent oval-shaped racetrack. The race took the scheduled 500 laps to complete. At race's end, Kurt Busch of Roush Racing would win a caution-filled event, with 20 cautions that matched the track record to win his eighth career NASCAR Winston Cup Series win and his fourth and final win of the season. To fill out the podium, Kevin Harvick of Richard Childress Racing and Jamie McMurray of Chip Ganassi Racing would finish second and third, respectively.

Jamie McMurray
James Christopher McMurray (born June 3, 1976), nicknamed "Jamie Mac", is an American former professional stock car racing driver and currently an analyst for Fox NASCAR and NASCAR on The CW. He raced in the NASCAR Cup Series on a full-time basis from 2003 to 2018 before shifting to a Daytona 500-only schedule in 2019 and 2021.

McMurray earned his first win in just his second career start in October 2002. He is also known for winning the 2010 Daytona 500 for Chip Ganassi Racing, and is one of only three drivers to win both the Daytona 500 and Brickyard 400 in the same year.
Pulsar kick
A pulsar kick is the name of the phenomenon that often causes a neutron star to move with a different, usually substantially greater, velocity than its progenitor star. The cause of pulsar kicks is unknown, but many astrophysicists believe that it must be due to an asymmetry in the way a supernova explodes. If true, this would give information about the supernova mechanism.

Velocity
Velocity is a measurement of speed in a certain direction of motion. It is a fundamental concept in kinematics, the branch of classical mechanics that describes the motion of physical objects. Velocity is a vector quantity, meaning that both magnitude and direction are needed to define it (velocity vector). The scalar absolute value (magnitude) of velocity is called speed, a quantity that is measured in metres per second (m/s or m⋅s−1) in the SI (metric) system. For example, "5 metres per second" is a scalar, whereas "5 metres per second east" is a vector. If there is a change in speed, direction or both, then the object is said to be undergoing an acceleration.
Nova Gradiška railway station
Nova Gradiška railway station (Croatian: Željeznička stanica Nova Gradiška) is a railway station on the Novska–Tovarnik railway in Croatia, located in Nova Gradiška. The railroad continues to Okučani in one direction and to Staro Petrovo Selo in the other. Nova Gradiška railway station consists of six railway tracks.

M104 railway (Croatia)
The Novska–Tovarnik railway (Croatian: Pruga Novska-Tovarnik), officially designated as the M104 railway, is a 185.4-kilometre (115.2 mi) long railway line in Croatia that connects Novska to the Serbian railway network east of Tovarnik, continuing to the city of Belgrade. It is electrified double-track railway. Its route follows the Sava river valley making it the primary railway line of Slavonia. It is an integral part of railway Pan-European Corridor X running from Salzburg and Ljubljana towards Skopje and Thessaloniki. It is electrified and double-tracked. Until 2014, the railway was classified as M105.
Kyzyl-Jar, Aksy
Kyzyl-Jar (also Kyzyl-Dzhar, Kyrgyz: Кызыл-Жар, pronounced [qɯzɯld͡ʒɑ́r], literally "Red cliff") is a village in Aksy District of Jalal-Abad Region in Kyrgyzstan. Its population was 7,074 in 2021. The river Naryn separates the village from Uch-Kurgan, Uzbekistan, not far from Namangan. The area and even the village are still sometimes referred to as Uch-Korgon, presumably due to the lumping together of the two villages during Soviet times. Until 2004, the rural community Nazaraliev, of which Kyzyl-Jar is part, was named Uchkorgon. The village is located on the edge of the Fergana Valley and as such is a heavy watermelon, melon, and cotton-producing area.

Melon
A melon is any of various plants of the family Cucurbitaceae with sweet, edible, and fleshy fruit. It can also specifically refer to Cucumis melo, commonly known as the "true melon" or simply "melon". The term "melon" can apply to both the plant and its fruit. Botanically, a melon is a kind of berry, specifically a "pepo". The word melon derives from Latin melopepo, which is the latinization of the Greek μηλοπέπων (mēlopepōn), meaning "melon", itself a compound of μῆλον (mēlon), "apple", treefruit (of any kind)" and πέπων (pepōn), amongst others "a kind of gourd or melon". Many different cultivars have been produced, particularly of the true melon, such as the cantaloupe and honeydew.
New Hebrides Trench
The New Hebrides Trench (perhaps better termed the South New Hebrides Trench) is an oceanic trench which is over 7.1 km (4.4 mi) deep in the Southern Pacific Ocean. It lies to the northeast of New Caledonia and the Loyalty Islands, to the southwest of Vanuatu (formerly known as the New Hebrides), east of Australia, and south of Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands. The trench was formed as a result of a subduction zone. The Australian plate is being subducted under the New Hebrides plate causing volcanism which produced the Vanuatu archipelago.

The trench was first described in 1962 by the U.S. research vessel "Spencer F. Baird", in the Scripps Institution of Oceanography Proa Expedition and was explored in more detail in 2013 by the University of Aberdeen's Oceanlab team. They found cusk-eels, prawns, and other eels, and crustaceans. This is significantly different from other deep sea trenches that have been studied.

Scripps Institution of Oceanography
The Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO) is the center for oceanography and earth science at the University of California, San Diego. Its main campus is located in La Jolla, with additional facilities in Point Loma.

Founded in 1903 and incorporated into the University of California system in 1912, the institution has since broadened its research focus to encompass the physics, chemistry, geology, biology, and climate of the Earth. The institution awards the Nierenberg Prize annually to recognize researchers with exceptional contributions to science in public interest.
Wilcox Township, Hancock County, Illinois
Wilcox Township was a township in Hancock County, Illinois, USA.  As of the 2010 census, its population was 189 and it contained 82 housing units. It was formed from the rural portion of Warsaw Township on November 15, 1855, when that township became co-extensive with the city of Warsaw. In November 2016, the township voted to merge with Rocky Run Township due to low population. It is now part of Rocky Run-Wilcox Township.

Hancock County, Illinois
Hancock County is a county in the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 17,620. Its county seat is Carthage, and its largest city is Hamilton. The county is composed of rural towns with many farmers.

Hancock County is part of the Fort Madison-Keokuk, IA-IL-MO Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Division of Balaclava
The Division of Balaclava was an Australian electoral division in the state of Victoria. The division was proclaimed in 1900, and was one of the original 65 divisions to be contested at the first federal election. It was named after the suburb of Balaclava, which in turn was named after a battlefield of the Crimean War. It was based in the wealthy inner southern suburbs of Melbourne, including Brighton and Sandringham. It was always a safe seat for the conservative parties, being held successively by Protectionist Party, Nationalist Party, United Australia Party and Liberal Party members. It was abolished and replaced by the Division of Goldstein in 1984.

Brighton, Victoria
Brighton is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 11 km south-east of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the City of Bayside local government area. Brighton recorded a population of 23,252 at the 2021 census.

Brighton is named after Brighton in England.
Silvina Moreno
Silvina Moreno (born September 8, 1987) is an Argentine singer, instrumentalist and composer. Her career includes five albums, she has had three nominations for the Gardel Awards and she is currently an artist for the record label Sony Music Argentina.

Jorge Drexler
Jorge Abner Drexler Prada (born 21 September 1964) is a Uruguayan musician and actor. Drexler is known for winning the 2005 Academy Award for Best Original Song for "Al Otro Lado del Río" from The Motorcycle Diaries, becoming the first Uruguayan to win an Oscar and marking the first time a Spanish-language song received the award.
West Middlesex, Pennsylvania
West Middlesex is a borough along the Shenango River in southwestern Mercer County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 815 at the 2020 Census. It is part of the Hermitage micropolitan area.

Hermitage, Pennsylvania
Hermitage is a city in western Mercer County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 16,230 at the 2020 census, making it the largest city in Mercer County. It is located about 15 miles (24 km) northeast of Youngstown and about 60 miles (97 km) northwest of Pittsburgh. It is the principal city of the Hermitage micropolitan area, which includes all of Mercer County.
Courthope
Courthope is an English surname originating in the country's South-East and historically most prevalent in Kent and Sussex. Notable people with the surname include:

the Courthope baronets

George Courthope (1616–1685), English politician

Sir George Courthope, MP for Rye between 1906 and 1945

George Frederick Courthope, London-based silversmith and jeweller in the 19th century

Nathaniel Courthope (1585–c. 1620), English merchant

Peter Courthope, brother to Nathaniel Courthope and owner of Danny House in the 17th century

William Courthope, MP for Hastings in 1420 and 1421

William Courthope (officer of arms) (1808–1866), English  genealogist and herald

William John Courthope, writer and historian

Rye (UK Parliament constituency)
Rye was a parliamentary constituency centred on the town of Rye in East Sussex. It returned two Members of Parliament to the Parliament of England before 1707, Parliament of Great Britain until 1801 and the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom until its representation was halved under the Reform Act 1832.

From the 1832 general election, Rye returned one Member of Parliament until its abolition for the 1950 general election, when the town of Rye itself was transferred to the redrawn Hastings constituency.

The constituency was re-created for the 1955 general election, and abolished again for the 1983 general election when it was largely replaced by the Bexhill and Battle parliamentary constituency.
Rybinsky (rural locality)
Rybinsky (Russian: Рыбинский; masculine), Rybinskaya (Рыбинская; feminine), or Rybinskoye (Рыбинское; neuter) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Rybinsky, Oryol Oblast, a settlement in Medvedkovsky Selsoviet of Bolkhovsky District of Oryol Oblast

Rybinsky, Rostov Oblast, a khutor in Kalininskoye Rural Settlement of Sholokhovsky District of Rostov Oblast

Sholokhovsky District
Sholokhovsky District (Russian: Шо́лоховский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the forty-three in Rostov Oblast, Russia. It is located in the north of the oblast. The area of the district is 2,536 square kilometers (979 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a stanitsa) of Vyoshenskaya. Population: 27,294 (2010 Census);  29,629 (2002 Census); 30,016 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Vyoshenskaya accounts for 33.9% of the district's total population.
Yasmin Daswani
Yasmin Daswani (born 21 September 1994) is an English-born Hong Kong women's cricketer and lawyer who represents the Hong Kong national women's national cricket team in international cricket.

In February 2022, Daswani was announced as a player in the 2022 FairBreak Invitational T20 – an ICC sanctioned competition that took place in May 2022 in Dubai in conjunction with Cricket Hong Kong.

2022 FairBreak Invitational T20
The 2022 FairBreak Invitational T20 was a women's Twenty20 cricket competition which took place from 4 to 15 May 2022 in Dubai. The tournament, sanctioned by the ICC, was privately-run by FairBreak Global, a company that aims to promote gender equality. Players from 35 countries were spread across six teams. The tournament was won by Tornadoes, who beat Falcons in the final by 8 wickets.
Henry R. Paige
Henry Reid Paige (March 30, 1904 – April 22, 1989) was a decorated officer of the United States Marine Corps with the rank of major general. He is most noted for his service as commanding officer of 7th Defense Battalion during Palau Islands Campaign and later as commanding general of 1st Marine Division or as director of Marine Corps Educational Center at Marine Corps Base Quantico. He also served as temporary base commander in summer 1956.

St. Lawrence University
St. Lawrence University (SLU) is a private liberal arts college in Canton, New York, United States. It has roughly 2,100 undergraduate and 100 graduate students.

Though St. Lawrence today is nonsectarian, it was founded in 1856 by leaders of the Universalist Church, who were seeking to establish a seminary west of New England and were enthusiastically courted by the citizens of Canton. The church almost did not place the school in Canton, however, as they felt students might be exposed to too much "excitement" within the village limits in 1856. The denomination, which has since merged with the Unitarian faith, was part of the liberal wing of Protestantism, championing such ideas as critical thinking and sex equality — attributes that surfaced in the new Theological School of St. Lawrence University, which was progressive in its teaching philosophy and coeducational from the beginning.
Paolo Malanima
Paolo Malanima (born 17 December 1950) is an Italian economic historian, Professor Emeritus of Economic History at the Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, and former director of the Institute of Studies on Mediterranean Societies in Naples. Malanima's main research interests are long-term developments in economic history, particularly the performance of the Italian economy since Classical antiquity, history of energy and global history.

World history (field)
World history or global history as a field of historical study examines history from a global perspective. It emerged centuries ago; some leading practitioners have included Voltaire (1694–1778), Hegel (1770–1831), Karl Marx (1818–1883), Oswald Spengler (1880–1936), and Arnold J. Toynbee (1889–1975). The field became much more active (in terms of university teaching, textbooks, scholarly journals, and academic associations) in the late 20th century.

It is not to be confused with comparative history, which, like world history, deals with the history of multiple cultures and nations, but does not do so on a global scale. World historians use a thematic approach, with two major focal points: integration (how processes of world history have drawn people of the world together) and difference (how patterns of world history reveal the diversity of the human experience).
Gairola
Gairola is a clan of the Garhwali Sarola Brahmins and is also a toponymic surname from Gairoli, a village in the Chamoli district of Uttarakhand, India. In an earlier time period, Gairolas were believed to be astrologers and rajpurohits.

Notable people with this surname include:

P.L. Gairola, Indian banker

Tara Dutt Gairola, Indian lawyer, author, and editor

Taradutt Gairola
Tara Dutt Gairola (1875– 1940) was an Indian lawyer, writer, and editor. He is known as the pioneer of modern Garhwali poetry and for his contribution to Indian folk-lore, specially that of Garhwal, Uttarakhand.
Sade Elhawary
Zeinab Sade Elhawary is an American politician and community organizer who is a member of the California State Assembly representing the 57th district. A member of the Democratic Party, Elhawary previously worked as an educator and for Mayor Karen Bass.

Mayor of Los Angeles
The mayor of Los Angeles is the head of the executive branch of the government of Los Angeles and the chief executive of Los Angeles. The office is officially nonpartisan, a change made in the 1909 charter; previously, both the elections and the office were partisan.

Forty-two men and one woman have been mayor since 1850, when California became a state following the American conquest of California. Between 1781 and the conquest, Californios, or native-born residents of the Mexican territory, served as alcalde, equivalent to mayor.  The current mayor is Karen Bass, who was elected on November 17, 2022, and took office on December 12, 2022.
Operation Downfall order of battle
Operation Downfall was the proposed Allied plan for the invasion of the Japanese home islands near the end of World War II.

The operation had two parts, Operation Olympic, intended to capture the southern third of the southernmost main Japanese island, Kyūshū, and Operation Coronet, the planned invasion of the Kantō Plain, near Tokyo, on the main Japanese island of Honshu. Olympic was scheduled for November 1945, to be followed by Coronet in early 1946.

If Downfall had taken place, it would have been the largest amphibious operation in history, surpassing D-Day. The planned operation was canceled when Japan surrendered following the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the Soviet declaration of war, and the invasion of Manchuria.

End of World War II in Asia
World War II officially ended in Asia on September 2, 1945, at 3:24 with the surrender of Japan on the USS Missouri. Before that, the United States dropped two atomic bombs on Japan, and the Soviet Union declared war on Japan, causing Emperor Hirohito to announce the acceptance of the Potsdam Declaration on August 15, 1945, which would eventually lead to the surrender ceremony on September 2.

After the ceremony, Japanese forces continued to surrender across the Pacific, with the last major surrender occurring on October 25, 1945, with the surrender of Japanese forces in Taiwan to Chiang Kai-shek. The American occupation of Japan lasted from the end of the war until April 28, 1952, when the Treaty of San Francisco came into effect.