hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
BAUHAUS-galan
BAUHAUS-galan, formerly known as DN-Galan is an annual, international athletics meeting that takes place at the Olympic Stadium in Stockholm. Previously it was one of the five IAAF Super Grand Prix events until 2010, and has since been part of the Diamond League circuit. It was first organized in 1967.

Having been known as the DN-Galan since its first edition, a title sponsor deal with DIY company Bauhaus led to a rebranding of the event in 2015, following a period of financial instability for the organisers.

Since 1967, the Dicksonpokalen (Dickson Trophy) is awarded to the winner of the men's 1500 metres or mile run at the competition.

Dagens Nyheter
Dagens Nyheter (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈdɑ̌ːɡɛns ˈnŷːˌheːtɛr] ⓘ, lit. 'news of the day'), abbreviated DN, is a daily newspaper in Sweden. It is published in Stockholm and aspires to full national and international coverage, and is widely considered Sweden's newspaper of record.
Drosera ramellosa
Drosera ramellosa is a species of carnivorous plant in the family Droseraceae. It is sometimes referred to as the branched sundew, and is a tuberous perennial species that is endemic to Western Australia. It was first formally described by Johann Georg Christian Lehmann in 1844. It was again described by Jules Émile Planchon as Drosera penduliflora in 1848, which was reduced to synonymy under D. ramellosa in 1864 by George Bentham.

Droseraceae
Droseraceae is a family of carnivorous flowering plants, also known as the sundew family. It consists of approximately 180 species in three extant genera, the vast majority being in the sundew genus Drosera. The family also contains the well-known Venus flytrap (Dionaea muscipula) and the more obscure waterwheel plant (Aldrovanda vesiculosa), both of which are the only living species of their respective genera.  Representatives of the Droseraceae are found on all continents except Antarctica.
Paul Peterson (American football)
Paul Peterson (born July 29, 1980) is an American football coach and former player.  He was the head football coach at Utah Tech University in St. George, Utah, from 2019 to 2023.  Peterson played college football as quarterback at Boston College. He was the first Boston College quarterback to start his career 6–0, and compiled a 12–2 record for his career with the Boston College Eagles, including two bowl game victories, in the 2003 San Francisco Bowl and 2004 Continental Tire Bowl. He was named the Big East Offensive Player of the Week twice, the MVP of the Continental Tire Bowl, and BC's team MVP in 2004.

Snow College
Snow College is a public community college in Ephraim, Utah. It offers certificates and associate degrees along with bachelor's degrees in music, software engineering, and nursing. Snow College is part of the Utah System of Higher Education.
Iowa's 64th House of Representatives district
The 64th District of the Iowa House of Representatives is an electoral district in northeastern portion of Iowa. It is currently composed of Allamakee and Clayton Counties too, as well as part of Dubuque County.

Dubuque County, Iowa
Dubuque County is a county located in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 99,266, and was estimated to be 99,242 in 2024, making it the ninth-most populous county in Iowa. The county seat is Dubuque. The county is named for Julien Dubuque, the first European settler of Iowa. Dubuque County comprises the Dubuque, IA Metropolitan statistical area.
Beeston, Cheshire
Beeston is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire West and Chester, which itself is in the ceremonial county of Cheshire in the north of England. It is located approximately 6 miles (9.7 km) south-east of Chester, and approximately 2 miles (3.2 km) south-west of Tarporley, close to the Shropshire Union Canal.  According to the 2011 census, Beeston had a population of 188.

Cheshire West and Chester
Cheshire West and Chester is a unitary authority area with borough status in Cheshire, England. It was established on 1 April 2009 as part of the 2009 local government changes, by virtue of an order under the Local Government and Public Involvement in Health Act 2007. It superseded the boroughs of Ellesmere Port and Neston, Vale Royal and the City of Chester. The remainder of the ceremonial county of Cheshire is composed of Cheshire East, Halton and Warrington. Cheshire West and Chester has three key urban areas: Chester, Ellesmere Port and Northwich/Winsford.

The decision to create the Cheshire West and Chester unitary authority was announced on 25 July 2007 following a consultation period, in which a proposal to create a single Cheshire unitary authority was rejected.
Jazairi
Jazairi (and its variant Al Jazairi) is an Arabic origin surname referring to people from Algeria. Notable people with the surname include:

Abd El Razzaq Al-Jazaïri, Algerian scientist

Abu Bakr al-Jazaeri (1921–2018), Algerian scholar

Mufid Mohammad Jawad al-Jazairi (born 1939), Iraqi politician

Sabah Jazairi, Syrian actress

Abu Sulayman Al-Jazairi (died 2008), Algerian Al Qaeda militant

Tahir al-Jazairi (1852–1920), Syrian scholar and educator

Abd El Razzaq Al-Jazaïri
Abd El Razzaq Ibn Mouhammed Ibn Hamadouch Al-Jazaïri (Arabic: عبد الرزاق الجزائري), also known as Abd El Razzaq Al-Jazaïri was an important 17-18th-century Algerian Muslim physician and scientist. His most important work was Kachef Eroumouz fi eharh-El-aquakir ou El-alchbab (Revealing the mysteries and effects of drugs and plants), which is a treatise on medical subject classified in alphabetical order. This book was very successful in Algeria and Maghreb, and more generally throughout all of the Arab world, and influenced Islamic medicine.

The physician and historian Nicholas Lucien Leclerc writes that he can be considered as the last major representative of Arab medicine.
Public transport in Debrecen
Public transport in Debrecen, Hungary, is provided by DKV (short for Debreceni Közlekedési Vállalat – Public Transport Company of Debrecen; complete name is DKV Zrt.)

Before mid-2009 two companies provided public transport in the city: trams and trolleybuses were operated by DKV while buses were operated by Hajdú Volán, which provides transport in the rest of Hajdú-Bihar county. DKV took over bus transport on 1 July after winning a tender. DKV has 140 buses (40 of which are articulated buses). All buses are Low-floor and airconditioned.

Hajdú–Bihar County
Hajdú–Bihar (Hungarian: Hajdú-Bihar vármegye, pronounced [ˈhɒjduː ˈbihɒr]) is an administrative county (comitatus or vármegye) in eastern Hungary, on the border with Romania. It shares borders with the Hungarian counties Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg, Borsod–Abaúj–Zemplén, Jász–Nagykun–Szolnok and Békés. The capital of Hajdú-Bihar county is Debrecen. Together with Bihor County in Romania it constitutes the Biharia Euroregion.
Seven states of randomness
The seven states of randomness in probability theory, fractals and risk analysis are extensions of the concept of randomness as modeled by the normal distribution. These seven states were first introduced by Benoît Mandelbrot in his 1997 book Fractals and Scaling in Finance, which applied fractal analysis to the study of risk and randomness. This classification builds upon the three main states of randomness: mild, slow, and wild.

The importance of seven states of randomness classification for mathematical finance is that methods such as Markowitz mean variance portfolio and Black–Scholes model may be invalidated as the tails of the distribution of returns are fattened: the former relies on finite standard deviation (volatility) and stability of correlation, while the latter is constructed upon Brownian motion.

Volatility (finance)
In finance, volatility (usually denoted by "σ") is the degree of variation of a trading price series over time, usually measured by the standard deviation of logarithmic returns.

Historic volatility measures a time series of past market prices.  Implied volatility looks forward in time, being derived from the market price of a market-traded derivative (in particular, an option).
Karabanovo
Karabanovo (Russian: Карабаново) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.

Urban localities

Karabanovo, Vladimir Oblast, a town in Alexandrovsky District of Vladimir Oblast

Rural localities

Karabanovo, Belgorod Oblast, a selo in Novopetrovsky Rural Okrug of Valuysky District in Belgorod Oblast

Karabanovo, Chelyabinsk Oblast, a settlement in Karsinsky Selsoviet of Troitsky District in Chelyabinsk Oblast

Karabanovo, Ivanovo Oblast, a village in Vichugsky District of Ivanovo Oblast

Karabanovo, Kostroma Oblast, a village in Chapayevskoye Settlement of Krasnoselsky District in Kostroma Oblast

Karabanovo, Moscow Oblast, a village in Mamontovskoye Rural Settlement of Noginsky District in Moscow Oblast

Karabanovo, Pskov Oblast, a village in Nevelsky District of Pskov Oblast

Karabanovo, Tver Oblast, a village in Pogorelskoye Rural Settlement of Zubtsovsky District in Tver Oblast

Troitsky District, Chelyabinsk Oblast
Troitsky District (Russian: Тро́ицкий райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-seven in Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia. It is located in the central and eastern parts of the oblast. The area of the district is 4,591 square kilometers (1,773 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Troitsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 28,059 (2010 Census); 33,816 (2002 Census); 34,831 (1989 Soviet census).
The Beloved Bachelor
The Beloved Bachelor is a 1931 American pre-Code drama film directed by Lloyd Corrigan and written by Sidney Buchman, Raymond Griffith, Agnes Brand Leahy and Edward Peple. The film stars Paul Lukas, Dorothy Jordan, Vivienne Osborne, Charlie Ruggles and Marjorie Gateson. It was released on October 24, 1931, by Paramount Pictures.

Edward Peple
Edward Henry Peple (August 10, 1869 – July 28, 1924) was an American playwright known for his comedies and farces. He was perhaps best remembered for the plays The Prince Chap, The Littlest Rebel and A Pair of Sixes.
Runnin' (Doman & Gooding song)
"Runnin'" is the debut single by Canadian-British dance music duo Doman & Gooding, which also features Canadian R&B singers Dru and Lincoln.

The song samples the 1979 Disco song "Dance with You" by Carrie Lucas and uses the same looped string section made famous by Armand Van Helden in the 1999 song "You Don't Know Me".

Carrie Lucas
Carrie Lucas (born October 1, 1945) is an American R&B singer, born in Carmel, California. In 1976, she was signed to Soul Train Records. Lucas released six studio albums over seven years, with Soul Train and SOLAR Records.

Lucas was married to Soul Train Records and Solar Records founder Dick Griffey, from 1974 until his death in 2010.  Her daughter is Carolyn Griffey.
Pinoyscincus llanosi
Pinoyscincus llanosi, also known commonly as the Leyte sphenomorphus, is a species of skink, a lizard in the subfamily Sphenomorphinae of the family Scincidae. The species is endemic to the Philippines.

Sphenomorphinae
Sphenomorphinae is a large subfamily of skinks, lizards within the family Scincidae. The genera in this subfamily were previously found to belong to the Sphenomorphus group in the large subfamily Lygosominae.
Judiciary of the Maldives
The Judiciary in the Maldives has been a systematic institution throughout the history of the nation. It has always been an institution which is under the full control of the Head of State and is still to some degree.  However a radical change occurred during the past decades, the introduction of the English legal system into the country; a result of the Maldivian society coming in close contact with the outside world. Consequently, the present legal system of the country is a mixture of not only Shari’ah and customs, but the English legal system also.

English law
English law is the common law legal system of England and Wales, comprising mainly criminal law and civil law, each branch having its own courts and procedures. The judiciary is independent, and legal principles like fairness, equality before the law, and the right to a fair trial are foundational to the system.
Cobh Heritage Centre
The Cobh Heritage Centre is a museum located in Cobh, County Cork, Ireland. It is attached to Cobh railway station.

The "Queenstown Experience", located at the centre, has mostly permanent exhibitions of Irish history. The centre has held exhibits on life in Ireland through the 18th and 19th centuries, mass emigration, the Great Famine, Cork Harbour's defences, on penal transportation to Australia, and on the sinking of the RMS Lusitania. It also has displays on the history of the RMS Titanic, whose last port of call was at Cobh (then Queenstown). The centre also hosts temporary exhibitions and, for example, hosted exhibits on John Philip Holland (loaned from the County Louth Museum) in 2000.

The centre is a tourist destination, including with visitors from cruise ships, which often dock in Cobh. The centre has two onsite gift shops and a café.

The building was damaged on 5 May 1995, when a train arriving at Cobh failed to stop, and crashed through the wall.

Penal transportation
Penal transportation (or simply transportation) was the relocation of convicted criminals, or other persons regarded as undesirable, to a distant place, often a colony, for a specified term; later, specifically established penal colonies became their destination. While the prisoners may have been released once the sentences were served, they generally did not have the resources to return home.
Sanamahi Ahong Khong Chingba
Sanamahi Ahong Khong Chingba or Sanamahi Cheng Hongba or Kang Chingba is the religious festival of Meitei people, associated mainly with the public procession with the grand chariot, housing the ancient Meitei deity Lainingthou Sanamahi. The Imphal city serves as the main location of the festival. It attracts thousands of pilgrims who join the procession. The festival was celebrated 350 years ago, and after a long pause, it was first recelebrated in the year 2018.

During the festival, thousands of devotees offer rice, fruits, vegetables, money, along with the traditional rites and rituals to seek blessings from the deity.

Meitei people
The Meitei people, also known as Meetei people, are a Tibeto-Burman ethnic group native to the Indian State of  Manipur. They form the largest and dominant ethnic group of Manipur in Northeast India. They speak the Meitei language (officially called Manipuri), one of the 22 official languages of the Republic of India and the sole official language of government of Manipur.
The Meiteis primarily settled in the Imphal Valley region in modern-day Manipur, though a sizeable population has settled in the other Indian states of Assam, Tripura, Nagaland, Meghalaya, and Mizoram. There is also a notable presence of Meiteis in the neighbouring countries of Myanmar and Bangladesh. The Meiteis represent about 53% of Manipur's population.
Frans Geffels
Frans Geffels, known in Italy as Francesco Geffels (25 August 1624 – 18 February 1694), was a Flemish painter, printmaker, architect, stage designer and designer of ephemeral structures for solemn and festive occasions. After training in his native Antwerp, he was mainly active in Mantua, where he was prefetto delle fabbriche to the Duke, a role that gave him the direction of the artistic and construction activities undertaken by the Ducal court. He worked also on projects for the local aristocratic class of Mantua.  In addition, he completed projects for the Liechtenstein princes and for the imperial court in Vienna.

He was both a canvas and fresco painter. He created portraits, history subjects, military scenes, architectural scenes  and genre art, in particular merry companies.  Geffels is mainly remembered as the designer of some of the key examples of Baroque architecture in Mantua.

Flemish people
Flemish people or Flemings (Dutch: Vlamingen [ˈvlaːmɪŋə(n)] ⓘ; French: Flamands) are one of three Belgian main ethnic groups native to Flanders, Belgium, who speak Flemish Dutch. Flemish people make up the majority of Belgians, at about 60%.

Flemish was historically a geographical term, as all inhabitants of the medieval County of Flanders in modern-day Belgium, France and the Netherlands were referred to as "Flemings" irrespective of their ethnicity or language. The contemporary region of Flanders comprises a part of this historical county, as well as parts of the medieval Duchy of Brabant and the medieval County of Loon, where the modern national identity and culture gradually formed.
Huliraaya
Huliraaya (Kannada: ಹುಲಿರಾಯ; The Tiger Man) is a 2017 Indian Kannada-language thriller-drama film written and directed by Aravind Kaushik. It is produced by Nagesh Kogilu under the banner of SLN Creations. It features Balu Nagendra and Divya Uruduga in the lead roles. The film tells the story of the protagonist who is born around the wild forest region and his plight in coping up to the pace of the city life. The score and soundtrack for the film is by Arjun Ramu and the cinematography is by Ravee.

The film is distributed by Rakshit Shetty's Paramvah Studios in association with Pushkara Mallikarjunaiah's Pushkar Films. The film was released on 6 October 2017 to positive reviews from critics.

Rakshit Shetty
Rakshit Shetty (born 6 June 1983) is an Indian actor and filmmaker working predominantly in Kannada cinema. He is the recipient of a National Film Award, two Filmfare Awards South, two Karnataka State Film Awards and five SIIMA Awards. His debut film is Namm Areal Ond Dina (2010) but his breakthrough role was in Simple Agi Ondh Love Story. Shetty is regarded as "Simple Star" for his filmmaking style. He owns the production and distribution company named Paramvah Studios.

He established himself as a leading hero in Godhi Banna Sadharana Mykattu (2015), Kirik Party (2016), Avane Srimannarayana (2019), 777 Charlie (2022), and Sapta Saagaradaache Ello (2023), with 777 Charlie becoming the highest-grossing film of his career.
Vrmac Tunnel
Vrmac Tunnel (Montenegrin: Tunel Vrmac) is a vehicular tunnel in southern Montenegro.

The tunnel, which is 1,637 m long, connects the town of Kotor with the Adriatic Motorway and the rest of Montenegro. It passes under Mount Vrmac, thus eliminating the journey along the old curvy road that passes over the mountain.

The tunnel was half-finished in 1991, but was then opened to the public as it was, because of the lack of funding to finish it. In 2004 work began to finish the tunnel, and to bring it up to European standards. The construction, undertaken by Austrian company Strabag, was completed early in 2007, and the tunnel is now equipped with up-to-date lighting, ventilation and security systems.

Adriatic Highway
The Adriatic Highway (Croatian: Jadranska magistralacode: hrv promoted to code: hr ) is a road that stretches along the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea and is part of the European route E65. The road passes through Croatia, with smaller stretches through Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro and ends at the Montenegro-Albania border. It is an undivided two-lane road for almost its entire length, with the exception of a short stretch through Zadar and a 24 kilometres (15 mi) dual-carriageway section from Plano (Trogir) to the southeast suburbs of Split. It was planned in the 1930s and built in the 50s and 60s. The dual carriageway is planned to be extended further southeast to Omiš. Completion of the Adriatic Ionian motorway is proposed in order to replace Adriatic Highway as a high-performance road transport route along the Adriatic coast.
Botswana Defence Force
The Botswana Defence Force (BDF, Tswana: Sesole Sa Botswana) is the military of Botswana. The main component of the BDF is the Botswana Ground Force; there is also an Air Arm Command (Botswana) and a riverine patrol contingent attached to the ground forces, with 10 Panther airboats and 2 Boston Whaler Raider class.

Boston Whaler
Boston Whaler is an American boat manufacturer. It is a subsidiary of the Brunswick Boat Group, a division of the Brunswick Corporation. Boston Whalers were originally produced in Massachusetts, hence the name, but today are manufactured in Edgewater, Florida.
Sir Robert Williams, 1st Baronet, of Park
Sir Robert Williams, 1st Baronet, JP, DL (21 January 1860 – 25 April 1938) was a Scottish mining engineer, pioneering explorer of Africa, entrepreneur, and railroad developer who was chiefly responsible for the discovery of the vast copper deposits in Katanga Province (now incorporated in the Democratic Republic of Congo) and Northern Rhodesia (now Zambia).

Katanga Province
Katanga was one of the four large provinces created in the Belgian Congo in 1914.
It was one of the eleven provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo between 1966 and 2015, when it was split into the Tanganyika, Haut-Lomami, Lualaba, and Haut-Katanga provinces. Between 1971 and 1997 (during the rule of Mobutu Sese Seko when Congo was known as Zaire), its official name was Shaba Province.

Katanga's area encompassed 497,000 square kilometres (192,000 sq mi). Farming and ranching are carried out on the Katanga Plateau. The eastern part of the province is a rich mining region which supplies cobalt, copper, tin, radium, uranium, and diamonds. The region's former capital, Lubumbashi, is the second-largest city in the Congo.
The New York Rock and Soul Revue
The New York Rock and Soul Revue was a musical project supergroup that evolved out of a series of concerts produced and promoted by singer-songwriter Libby Titus at the Lone Star Roadhouse, the Spectrum and other Northeast concert venues, eventually coalescing around unofficial "band leader" Donald Fagen from 1989–1993.

The project's only release is a 1991 live album The New York Rock and Soul Revue: Live at the Beacon (Giant Records), a compilation of material recorded earlier that year from live performances at New York City's Beacon Theatre.

Giant Records
Giant Records was an American record label launched in 1990 as a joint venture between Warner Bros. Records and record executive Irving Azoff. Currently, this name is used as a Swedish label owned by Warner Music Sweden, a Swedish branch of Warner Music Group.
1952 Wimbledon Championships – Men's singles
In the 1952 Wimbledon Championships – Gentlemen's Singles tennis competition, number one seed Frank Sedgman defeated number two seed Jaroslav Drobný in the final, 4–6, 6–2, 6–3, 6–2 to win the title. Dick Savitt was the defending champion, but lost in the quarterfinals to Mervyn Rose.

Dick Savitt
Richard Savitt (March 4, 1927 – January 6, 2023) was an American tennis player.

In 1951, at the age of 24, he won both the Australian and Wimbledon men's singles championships. Savitt was mostly ranked world No. 2 the same year behind fellow amateur Frank Sedgman, but he was declared world No. 1 by The New York Times following his Wimbledon victory. He retired the following year to concentrate on a career in business. Savitt is one of four American men who have won both the Australian and British Championships in one year, following Don Budge (1938) and preceding Jimmy Connors (1974) and Pete Sampras (1994 and 1997). He won gold medals in both singles and men's doubles at the 1961 Maccabiah Games in Israel.

Savitt is enshrined in the International Tennis Hall of Fame, the Intercollegiate Tennis Association Men's Collegiate Tennis Hall of Fame, the USTA Eastern Tennis Hall of Fame, the International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame, and the National Jewish Sports Hall of Fame.
Aya Takeuchi
Aya Nakajima (née Takeuchi; born 5 August 1986) is a former Japanese rugby union and sevens player. She was a member of the Japanese sevens team that won a silver medal at the 2014 Asian Games. She also represented Japan at the 2016 Summer Olympics. She competed for Japan at the 2017 Women's Rugby World Cup.

Shinchosha
Shinchosha Publishing Co, Ltd. (株式会社新潮社, Kabushiki Kaisha Shinchōsha) is a publisher founded in 1896 in Japan and headquartered in Yaraichō, Shinjuku, Tokyo. Shinchosha is one of the sponsors of the Japan Fantasy Novel Award, instituted in 1989.