hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Markup (business)
Markup (or price spread) is the difference between the selling price of a good or service and its marginal cost. In economics, markups are the most direct way to measure market power: the extent to which a firm can influence the price at which it sells a product or service.

Markup is often expressed as a percentage over the cost. A markup is added into the total cost incurred by the producer of a good or service in order to cover the costs of doing business and create a profit. The total cost reflects the total amount of both fixed and variable expenses to produce and distribute a product. Markup can be expressed as the fixed amount or as a percentage of the total cost or selling price. Retail markup is commonly calculated as the difference between wholesale price and retail price, as a percentage of wholesale. Other methods are also used.

Markdowns refer to the ability of a firm to hold the price it pays for an input below the input's marginal product.

Wholesaling
Wholesaling or distributing is the sale of goods or merchandise to retailers; to industrial, commercial, institutional or other professional business users; or to other wholesalers (wholesale businesses) and related subordinated services. In general, it is the sale of goods in bulk to anyone, either a person or an organization, other than the end consumer of that merchandise. Wholesaling involves purchasing goods in bulk, usually directly from the manufacturer or source, at a discounted rate. Retailers then sell these goods to end consumers at a higher price, generating a profit.

Traditionally, wholesalers were closer to the markets they supplied than the source from which they got the products. However, with the advent of the internet and e-procurement there is an increasing number of wholesalers located nearer to the manufacturers in China, Taiwan, and Southeast Asia. The profit margins of wholesalers depend largely on their ability to achieve market competitive transaction costs.
Katesh
Katesh is a town in northern Tanzania. The town is located in Hanang District, Manyara Region. Paved trunk road T14 from Singida to Babati passes through the town.

According to the 2012 census, the population of Katesh ward is 8,774.

The main ascent to nearby Mount Hanang starts in Katesh.

Singida
Singida is a city in central Tanzania. The city is the location of the regional headquarters of Singida Region as well as the district headquarters of Singida Urban District. The region and district are named after the city.
The Boys (American band the Boys album)
The Boys is the second album from American R&B group Suns of Light (originally known as the Boys), released in September 18, 1990 (1990-09-18) via Motown Records. Although L.A. Reid and Babyface produced 3 songs on their debut album Messages from the Boys, instead one song is produced by Daryl Simmons and Kayo, who were a part of the LaFace production and songwriting camp.

Three singles were released from the album: "Crazy", "Thing Called Love" and "Thanx 4 the Funk". "Crazy" is the last song the group has released to date to reach #1 on the Billboard R&B chart, as well as the last song to date to chart on the Billboard Hot 100, peaking at #29.

The album peaked at #108 on the Billboard 200. In addition to original songs, it contains a cover of the Michael Jackson song "Got to Be There".

Babyface (musician)
Kenneth Brian Edmonds (born April 10, 1959), known professionally as Babyface, is an American singer, songwriter, and record producer. He has written and produced 26 number-one R&B hit songs and 
won 13 Grammy Awards. He was ranked number 20 on NME's 50 of The Greatest Producers Ever list.
Hallie (given name)
Hallie is an English feminine given name that originated as a hypocorism for the name Harriet. Young children often have difficulty in pronouncing the letter r, which resulted in nicknames that substitute the letter l for r. Other examples include Dolly for Dorothy, Lolly for Laura, Molly or Polly for Mary, and Sally for Sarah. The name is also occasionally regarded as a variant of Hayley.

L
L, or l, is the twelfth letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is el (pronounced /ˈɛl/ ⓘ EL), plural els.
Swimming at the 1979 Pan American Games – Women's 200 metre butterfly
The Women's 200m Butterfly competition of the swimming events at the 1979 Pan American Games took place on 7 July at the Piscina Olimpica Del Escambron in San Juan, Puerto Rico. The last Pan American Games champion was Camille Wright of US.

This race consisted of four lengths of the pool, all lengths being in butterfly stroke.

Butterfly stroke
Butterfly (shortened to fly) is a swimming stroke swum on the front, with both arms moving symmetrically, accompanied by the butterfly kick (also known as the "dolphin kick") along with the movement of the hips and chest.

It is the newest swimming style swum in competition, first swum in the early 1950s and originating from breaststroke.

For most competitive swimmers, butterfly is the second fastest stroke, only slower than front crawl.
Randy Marsh (umpire)
Randall Gilbert Marsh (born April 8, 1949) is an American former umpire in Major League Baseball who worked in the National League from 1981 to 1999 and throughout both major leagues from 2000 to 2009. Marsh wore the uniform number 30.

Umpire (baseball)
In baseball, the umpire is the person charged with officiating the game, including beginning and ending the game, enforcing the rules of the game and the grounds, making judgment calls on plays, and handling disciplinary actions. The term is often shortened to the colloquial form ump. They are also sometimes nicknamed blue due to the traditional color of the uniform worn by umpires. Although games were often officiated by a sole umpire in the formative years of the sport, since the turn of the 20th century, officiating has been commonly divided among several umpires, who form the umpiring crew.  The position is analogous to that of a referee in many other sports.
Raspberry
The raspberry is the edible fruit of several plant species in the genus Rubus of the rose family, most of which are in the subgenus Idaeobatus. The name also applies to these plants themselves. Raspberries are perennial with woody stems.

World production of raspberries in 2023 was 940,979 tonnes, led by Russia with 23% of the total. Raspberries are cultivated across northern Europe and North America and are consumed in various ways, including as whole fruit and in preserves, cakes, pastries, ice cream, and liqueurs.

Woody plant
A woody plant is a plant that produces wood as its structural tissue and thus has a hard stem.  In cold climates, woody plants further survive winter or dry season above ground, as opposed to herbaceous plants that die back to the ground until spring.
Barcelona–Cerbère railway
The Barcelona–Cerbère railway is a 168-kilometre (104.39 mi) railway line linking Barcelona in Catalonia, Spain to Cerbère in France. It is served by the Rodalies de Catalunya commuter network, Renfe regional, MD, AVE, Avlo and Avant train services, and TGV trains. The line stars at Barcelona Sants railway station, and passes through the Catalan regional cities of Girona and Figueres before reaching the French border, and then Cerbère, just across the border. It is an important commuter and High Speed line, connecting Paris, Montpellier and Perpinyà to Spain.

Renfe
Renfe (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈreɱfe], Eastern Catalan: [ˈreɱfə]), officially Renfe-Operadora, is Spain's national state-owned railway company.

It was created in 2005 upon the split of the former Spanish National Railway Network (RENFE) into the Administrador de Infraestructuras Ferroviarias (ADIF), which inherited the infrastructure, and Renfe-Operadora, which inherited the railway service.
Medardo Joseph Mazombwe
Medardo Joseph Mazombwe (24 September 1931 – 29 August 2013) was a cardinal of the Catholic Church. He was Zambia's first indigenous cardinal.

He was the former archbishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Lusaka (1996–2006) and Bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Chipata (1970–1996).

Pope Benedict XVI elevated Mazombwe to the status of Cardinal-Priest of Santa Emerenziana a Tor Fiorenza at a consistory on 20 November 2010.

He held several senior positions in the local and regional church, such as Zambia Episcopal Conference president (1972–1975; 1988–1990; 1999–2002), and as chairman of the regional conferences under Association of Member Episcopal Conferences in Eastern Africa (A.M.E.C.E.A.) (1979–86). He was an ardent campaigner for Zambia's debt cancellation in the mid-1980s, through the Jubilee movement campaign and spearheaded several new developmental projects in many parts of the country including the Mumpanshya area of Chongwe.

Debt relief
Debt relief or debt cancellation is the partial or total forgiveness of debt, or the slowing or stopping of debt growth, owed by individuals, corporations, or nations.

From antiquity through the 19th century, it refers to domestic debts, in particular agricultural debts and freeing of debt slaves. In World War I the United States Treasury made large loans to the Allies that were postponed, reduced and finally paid off in 1953. In the late 20th century, it came to refer primarily to Third World debt, which started exploding with the Latin American debt crisis (Mexico 1983, etc.). In the early 21st century, it is of increased applicability to individuals in developed countries, due to credit bubbles and housing bubbles.
Chris Love
Chris Love (born in Columbia, Maryland) is an American soccer forward who currently serves as an assistant coach at UMass Boston.  He spent five years playing both indoor and outdoor soccer in the National Professional Soccer League and USISL.

Columbia, Maryland
Columbia is a planned community in Howard County, Maryland, United States, consisting of 10 self-contained villages. With a population of 104,681 at the 2020 census, it is the second-most-populous community in Maryland, after Baltimore. Columbia, located between Baltimore and Washington, D.C., is part of the Baltimore metropolitan area and is tracked by the United States Census Bureau as a census-designated place. Columbia proper consists only of territory governed by the Columbia Association, a not-for-profit management company. The United States Postal Service also uses the name for other communities that predate Columbia, including Simpsonville and Atholton; the Census Bureau also counts part of Clarksville as Columbia.

Developer James Rouse founded Columbia in 1967, aiming to create a community that would avoid the inconveniences of then-current subdivision design; eliminate racial, religious and class segregation; and reduce leapfrog and spot zoning development.
Pedro Corrêa do Lago
Pedro Corrêa do Lago (born March 15, 1958) is a Brazilian art historian and curator who has formed the largest private collection of autograph letters and manuscripts in the world today. He is the author of over twenty books on manuscripts and Brazilian art and was president of Brazil's National Library from 2003 to 2005. In 2002, partnering with his wife Bia Corrêa do Lago, he founded Capivara, an art publishing house specialized in catalogues raisonnés of artists active in Brazil. Since 2012 he has been a columnist for the monthly magazine Piaui.

Jean-Baptiste Debret
Jean-Baptiste Debret (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ batist dəbʁɛ]; 18 April 1768 – 28 June 1848) was a French painter, who produced many valuable lithographs depicting the people of Brazil. Debret won the second prize at the 1798 Salon des Beaux Arts.
Isla Gonzalo
Isla Gonzalo  is a subantarctic island, uninhabited except for a weather and research station operated by the Chilean Navy.  With an area of 38 hectares (94 acres), it is the second largest of the Chilean Diego Ramírez Archipelago after Isla Bartolomé. The archipelago lies in the Drake Passage between the continents of South America and Antarctica.  It is an important breeding site for black-browed (over 6000 pairs) and grey-headed (over 4000 pairs) albatrosses, as well as for southern giant petrels.

Grey-headed albatross
The grey-headed albatross (Thalassarche chrysostoma) also known as the gray-headed mollymawk, is a large seabird from the albatross family. It has a circumpolar distribution, nesting on isolated islands in the Southern Ocean and feeding at high latitudes, further south than any of the other mollymawks. Its name derives from its ashy-gray head, throat and upper neck.
Under the Sun (Dreamville, J. Cole and Lute song)
"Under the Sun" is a song released by record label Dreamville Records, performed by American rappers J. Cole and Lute featuring fellow American rapper DaBaby. It also has extra vocals from fellow American rapper Kendrick Lamar, who performs the short two-lined chorus of the song. The song was released as the first track on the label's album, Revenge of the Dreamers III. DaBaby received praise for his guest verse, with Billboard, Complex, and HotNewHipHop all ranking it as his best feature of 2019.

HotNewHipHop
HotNewHipHop (HNHH) is an online publication that covers daily news about hip-hop and pop culture, including streetwear, sports, and sneakers. In addition to its editorial content, HotNewHipHop also produces the video series, How to Roll, On The Come Up, In My Bag, and Snack Review. The site has been nominated multiple times for the BET Hip Hop Awards in the category, "The best Hip Hop Platform."
Stargazer (EP)
Stargazer (stylized in all caps) is an extended play (EP) marketed as the second single of Japanese boy band JO1, formed through the reality competition show Produce 101 Japan. It also served as the second single for their first studio album The Star (2020). The EP single includes six songs primarily from the house, hip-hop, EDM, and trap genres and was released by Lapone Entertainment in three different physical editions and one digital edition on August 26, 2020, with "Oh-Eh-Oh" serving as the lead track.

The single features first contribution by members Sho Yonashiro and Ren Kawashiri on lyrics and choreography, respectively, as well as production by Hui from South Korean boy group Pentagon among others. It ranked first on the Oricon Singles Chart and was certified Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of Japan, while "Oh-Eh-Oh" peaked at number one on the Billboard Japan Hot 100.

KCON (music festival)
KCON is an annual convention held in locations across the world, created by Koreaboo and organized by CJ ENM Entertainment Division. It was first held in Southern California in 2012 and has since expanded to ten countries as of 2022.

In 2015, KCON expanded to Japan and then quickly announced the first KCON USA on the East Coast. In 2016, KCON expanded into Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates and Paris, France. In January 2017, KCON announced that they would be hosting their first KCON Mexico at the Mexico City Arena on March 17 and 18, 2017.

An online replacement of KCON due to the COVID-19 pandemic, titled KCON:TACT, started on June 20 until June 26, 2020 via YouTube, AIS Play, and Shopee. The second season started on October 16, 2020 and ended on October 25, 2020. The third and final season started March 20, 2021.
Winston (name)
Winston is a surname derived from Winstone, near Cirencester in Gloucestershire. Later, it developed as a male Christian name with the Churchill family, starting with Sir Winston Churchill in 1620, named for his mother Sarah's surname.

Winstone
Winstone is a village and civil parish in the English county of Gloucestershire. The population taken at the 2011 census was 270.

Winstone forms part of the Cotswold District.

The Anglican Church of St Bartholomew was built in the 11th century. It is a grade I listed building.

Winstone Baptist Chapel dates from about 1816.
Adel Hekal
Mohamed Ahmed Adel Hekal (Arabic: محمد أحمد عادل هيكل; 23 March 1934 – 22 September 2018) was an Egyptian footballer who played as a goalkeeper for Al-Ahly. He also played for the Egyptian national team, and was part of the team that won the 1959 Africa Cup of Nations, and represented his country in the 1960 Summer Olympics.

Egypt national football team
The Egypt national football team (Egyptian Arabic: منتخب مصر لكرة القدم), nicknamed The Pharaohs (Egyptian Arabic: الفراعنة), represents Egypt in men's international football, and is governed by the Egyptian Football Association (EFA), the governing body of football in Egypt.

Egypt is Africa's oldest national football team and has won the Africa Cup of Nations a record seven times. The team has made three appearances in the FIFA World Cup and was the first-ever African and Middle Eastern team to make such an appearance.

Internationally, Egypt earned the honour of becoming a bronze medalist at the 2001 FIFA U-20 World Cup in Argentina.
Church of the Good Shepherd (Raleigh, North Carolina)
The Church of the Good Shepherd is a historic Episcopal church in downtown Raleigh, North Carolina. The congregation branched off of Christ Episcopal Church in 1874, making it the second oldest Episcopal parish in Raleigh. It is part of the Episcopal Diocese of North Carolina and served as the Pro-cathedral church of the diocese in the mid-1890s.

The congregation's original building was completed in 1875 and served the parish until a larger stone building was proven necessary. The cornerstone of the current building was laid in 1899, and the first service in the new space was held on Easter Day of 1914. The parish's current sanctuary was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places as a contributing property of the Capitol Area Historic District in 1978.

UNC Rex Healthcare
UNC Rex Hospital is a general hospital located in Raleigh, North Carolina.  It is the capital city's oldest hospital, founded by a bequest from John T. Rex (1771–1839), a local tanner and planter. Originally located on what is now Dorothea Dix campus, and later on St. Mary's Street, Rex is now located in west Raleigh at the corner of Blue Ridge Road and Lake Boone Trail. Rex Health Care's services include oncology, heart and vascular, surgical services (including bariatric, heartburn, GI, orthopedic, neuro, and spinal), rehabilitation, emergency department, urgent care, women's services, and wound healing.

Rex is a member of the UNC Health Care system, a non-profit integrated health care system, owned by the state of North Carolina and based in Chapel Hill, North Carolina.

Rex is located just 2 miles from the Lenovo Center, and is the official healthcare provider of the Carolina Hurricanes and NC State Wolfpack.
Unnaithan Thambi
Unnaithan Thambi (transl. You only, brother) is a 1974 Indian Tamil-language film directed and co-edited by R. Vittal, and written by Panchu Arunachalam. The film stars Jaishankar and Jayachitra, with Ashokan, Srikanth, Thengai Srinivasan and Vennira Aadai Moorthy in supporting roles. It was released on 30 August 1974. The film's storyline was later adapted for Raja Chinna Roja (1989), also written by Arunachalam.

Thengai Srinivasan
Thengai Srinivasan (21 October 1937 – 9 November 1987) was an Indian actor who appeared in Tamil-language films and plays from the 1960s to the 1980s. He was given the prefix Thengai (coconut) after his role as a coconut-seller in the play Kal Manam. Although originally a comedian, he also performed in other genres and enacted several lead and antagonistic roles.
JumpStart Adventures 4th Grade: Haunted Island
JumpStart Adventures 4th Grade: Haunted Island is a personal computer game in Knowledge Adventure's JumpStart series of educational software intended to teach a fourth grade curriculum. The game was released on December 2, 1996.

In November 1997 and in August 1998, revised versions of the game were published. Although little was changed in terms of gameplay, an in-game map was added, and the difficulty select was given an icon. In 1999, the game was retired and replaced by JumpStart Adventures 4th Grade: Sapphire Falls.

JumpStart Games
JumpStart Games, Inc., formerly Knowledge Adventure, Inc., was an American edutainment video game company based in Torrance, California. Founded in 1991, it was acquired by Chinese holding company NetDragon Websoft in 2017.
Rożniatów, Łódź Voivodeship
Rożniatów [rɔʐˈɲatuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Uniejów, within Poddębice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 9 km (6 mi) north of Uniejów, 19 km (12 mi) north-west of Poddębice, and 53 km (33 mi) north-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Poddębice
Poddębice [pɔdːɛmˈbʲit͡sɛ] is a town in central Poland, in Łódź Voivodeship. It is the capital of Poddębice County. It lies approximately 40 km (25 mi) northwest of Łódź. Population is 7,245 (2020). It is located within the historic Łęczyca Land.
Transplatin
trans-Dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) is the trans isomer of the coordination complex with the formula trans-PtCl2(NH3)2, sometimes called transplatin.  It is a yellow solid with low solubility in water but good solubility in dimethylformamide. The existence of two isomers of PtCl2(NH3)2 led Alfred Werner to propose square planar molecular geometry. It belongs to the molecular symmetry point group D2h.

Square planar molecular geometry
In chemistry, the square planar molecular geometry describes the stereochemistry (spatial arrangement of atoms) that is adopted by certain chemical compounds. As the name suggests, molecules of this geometry have their atoms positioned at the corners.
The World Is Bardo
The World Is Bardo  (Le Monde est Bardo) was the slogan and theme of a peaceful, anti-terrorist rally and march that took place on 29 March 2015 in Tunis, Tunisia.  Thousands of Tunisians came out to protest the 18 March Bardo National Museum terrorist attacks by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) and to express support for the victims. Many world leaders participated to the event including François Hollande, Matteo Renzi, Bronisław Komorowski, Mahmoud Abbas, Ali Bongo Ondimba, Abdelmalek Sellal, Charles Michel, Abdullah al-Theni, Federica Mogherini and Beji Caid Essebsi.

Abdelmalek Sellal
Abdelmalek Sellal (born 1 August 1948) is an Algerian politician who was Prime Minister of Algeria from 3 September 2012 to 13 March 2014 when he took a leave of office to support President Abdelaziz Bouteflika's re-election campaign and again from April 2014 to May 2017.
Botevgrad dialect
The Botevgrad dialect is a Bulgarian dialect, member of the Southwestern Bulgarian dialects, which is spoken in the region of Botevgrad and Etropole in northwestern Bulgaria. It is located on the yat boundary and is closely related to the Eastern Bulgarian Pirdop dialect.

Etropole
Etropole (Bulgarian: Етрополе, pronounced [ˈɛtropolɛ]) is a town in western Bulgaria, part of Sofia Province. It is located close to the northern slopes of the Balkan Mountains in the valley of the Iskar River, 80 km (49.71 mi) from Sofia.
Fuyumi Ono
Fuyumi Ono (小野 不由美, Ono Fuyumi; born December 24, 1960) is a Japanese novelist best known for writing The Twelve Kingdoms (十二国記, Jūni Kokuki), which was adapted into a popular anime series. She is married to Yukito Ayatsuji, the author of the horror novel Another.

Another (novel)
Another is a Japanese mystery horror novel by Yukito Ayatsuji, published on October 29, 2009, by Kadokawa Shoten. The story focuses on a boy named Kōichi Sakakibara who, upon transferring into Yomiyama Middle School and meeting the curious Mei Misaki, finds himself in a mystery revolving around students and people related to his class falling victim to gruesome, senseless deaths.

A manga adaptation by Hiro Kiyohara was serialized between May 2010 and January 2012 in the issues of Kadokawa Shoten's Young Ace. Both the novel and the manga have been licensed in North America by Yen Press. A 12-episode anime television series produced by P.A. Works aired in Japan between January 10 and March 27, 2012, with an original video animation episode released on May 26, 2012, and a live-action film of the same name was released in Japanese theatres on August 4, 2012.