hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Elizabeth Shoumatoff
Elizabeth Nikolaevna Shoumatoff, née Avinoff, (October 6, 1888 – November 30, 1980) was a portrait painter who painted the Unfinished portrait of Franklin D. Roosevelt. Other paintings of White House residents include portraits of President Lyndon B. Johnson and Lady Bird Johnson. She painted renowned American business leaders such as Richard K. Mellon of the Mellon Bank, Thomas J. Watson, Sr. of IBM, Robert W. Woodruff of Coca-Cola, Harvey Firestone, the Hunts, the Heinzes and the Duponts.

Shoumatoff painted multiple generations of prominent families such as Fricks, Whitneys, Phipps and countless others. She also painted international leaders, including William Tubman, president of Liberia, Rabindranath Tagore the Nobel Prize-winning Bengali poet, the grandchildren of Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg and Anne Cox Chambers, U.S. Ambassador to Belgium.

Thomas J. Watson
Thomas John Watson Sr. (February 17, 1874 – June 19, 1956) was an American businessman who was the chairman and CEO of IBM. He oversaw the company's growth into an international force from 1914 to 1956. Watson developed IBM's management style and corporate culture from John Henry Patterson's training at NCR. He turned the company into a highly effective selling organization, based largely on punched card tabulating machines.

Watson authorized providing Nazi Germany with data processing solutions and involved IBM in cooperation throughout the 1930s and until the end of World War II, profiting from both the German and American war efforts. A leading self-made industrialist, he was one of the richest men of his time when he died in 1956.
Airlake Airport
Airlake Airport (ICAO: KLVN, FAA LID: LVN) is a public use airport in Dakota County, Minnesota, United States. Owned by the Metropolitan Airports Commission, It is approximately 20 miles (32 km) south of both downtown Minneapolis and downtown St. Paul The airport is located near the Twin Cities suburbs of Lakeville and Farmington.

This facility is included in the National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2017–2021, which categorized it as a general aviation reliever airport.

Although many U.S. airports use the same three-letter location identifier for the FAA and IATA, this airport is assigned LVN by the FAA but has no designation from the IATA.

Dakota County, Minnesota
Dakota County is the third-most populous county in the U.S. state of Minnesota, located in the east central portion of the state. As of the 2020 census, the population was 439,882. The population of Dakota County was estimated to be 453,156 in 2024. The county seat is Hastings. Dakota County is named for the Dakota Sioux tribal bands who inhabited the area. The name is recorded as "Dahkotah" in the United States Census records until 1851. Dakota County is included in the Minneapolis–St. Paul–Bloomington, MN–WI Metropolitan Statistical Area, the sixteenth largest metropolitan area in the United States with about 3.71 million residents. The largest city in Dakota County is the city of Lakeville, the ninth-largest city in Minnesota and fifth-largest Twin Cities suburb. The county is bordered by the Minnesota and Mississippi Rivers on the north, and the state of Wisconsin on the east.
2015 WinStar World Casino & Resort 400
The 2015 WinStar World Casino & Resort 400 was the 7th stock car race of the 2015 NASCAR Camping World Truck Series, and the 19th iteration of the event. The race was held on Friday, June 5, 2015, in Fort Worth, Texas at Texas Motor Speedway, a 1.5 mile (2.4 km) permanent tri-oval shaped racetrack. The race took the scheduled 167 laps to complete. Matt Crafton, driving for ThorSport Racing, would hold off the field on the final restart, earning his eighth career NASCAR Camping World Truck Series win, and his third of the season. Crafton and pole-sitter Erik Jones dominated the entire race, leading 77 and 68 laps respectively. To fill out the podium, Daniel Suárez, driving for Kyle Busch Motorsports, and John Wes Townley, driving for Athenian Motorsports, would finish 2nd and 3rd, respectively.

2015 NASCAR Camping World Truck Series
The 2015 NASCAR Camping World Truck Series was the 21st season of the NASCAR Camping World Truck Series, the pickup truck racing series sanctioned by NASCAR in North America. It was contested over twenty-three races, beginning with the NextEra Energy Resources 250 at Daytona International Speedway and ending with the Ford EcoBoost 200 at Homestead–Miami Speedway. Erik Jones of Kyle Busch Motorsports won the series championship, becoming the youngest champion in the Camping World Truck Series.
Coolhunting
Coolhunting is a neologism coined in the early 1990s referring to a new kind of marketing where professionals make observations and predictions based on changes of new or existing  "cool" cultural fads and trends. Coolhunting is also referred to as "trend spotting", and is a subset of trend analysis.

Coolhunters resemble the intuitive fashion magazine editors of the 1960s such as Nancy White (Harper's Bazaar 1958–1971). Coolhunters operate mostly in the world of street fashion and design, but their work also blurs into that of futurists such as Faith Popcorn.

Cool (aesthetic)
Coolness, or being cool, is the aesthetic quality of something (such as attitude, behavior, appearance, or style) being compatible with currently admirable social norms of society or a group of people. Because of the varied and changing interpretation of what is considered cool, as well as its subjective nature, the word has no single meaning. For most, coolness is associated with exemplifying composure and self-control. When used in conversation, it is often as an expression of admiration or approval, and can be used when referencing both people and items of interest. Although commonly regarded as slang, cool is widely used among disparate social groups and has endured in usage for generations.
Tai Noi script
The Tai Noi (Thai: อักษรไทน้อย, RTGS: akson thai noi; Lao: ອັກສອນລາວບູຮານ, RTGS: akson lao buhan) also spelled Thai Noi or Lao Buhan script is a Brahmic script that has historically been used in Laos and Isan since about 1500 CE. The contemporary Lao script is a direct descendant and has preserved the basic letter shapes. The script has mostly dropped out of use in the Isan region of Thailand, due to the Thaification policies of the Thai government, that imposed Central Thai culture such as the Thai script throughout the country.

Thaification
Thaification, or Thai-ization, is the process by which people of different cultural and ethnic origins living in Thailand become assimilated to the country's dominant culture: that of central Thailand.

Thaification was a step in the creation in the 20th century of the Thai nation state in which Central Thai people occupy a dominant position, as opposed to the historically-multicultural kingdom of Siam. A related term, "Thainess", describes the particular characteristics that distinguish the Thai from others.
Federico de Vinciolo
Federico de Vinciolo or Federico Vinciolo was a sixteenth-century lace-maker and pattern designer attached to the court of Henry II of France.  He was granted a monopoly on manufacturing lace ruffs in France.

His book of needlework patterns, Les Singuliers et Nouveaux Pourtaicts, was published in many editions between 1587 and 1623.

An unabridged reprint of a 1909 facsimile of this book was issued by Dover Books as Renaissance Patterns for Lace, Embroidery and Needlepoint in 1971.

Ruff (clothing)
A ruff is an item of clothing popular in Western, Central and Northern Europe, as well as Spanish America, from the mid-16th century to the mid-17th century. A round and flat variation is often called a millstone collar after its resemblance to millstones for grinding grain. Ruffs are still worn by Lutheran clergy in Denmark and Germany.
Jean Bruchési
Jean Bruchési, FRSC (9 April 1901 – 2 October 1979) was a Canadian writer, historian, public servant, and diplomat.  He was the president of the Royal Society of Canada for 1953–4.

He was the son of Charles Bruchési, KC and the nephew of Paul Bruchési, Archbishop of Montreal.

In 1937, he was appointed Under-Secretary of State of the Province of Quebec.

From 1959, Bruchési served as Canada's ambassador to Spain, Morocco and Argentina (with concurrent accreditation to Paraguay and Uruguay).

After his death in 1979, he was entombed at the Notre Dame des Neiges Cemetery in Montreal.

Archdiocese of Montreal
The Archdiocese of Montreal (Latin: Archdioecesis Marianopolitana) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or archdiocese of the Catholic Church in Canada. A metropolitan see, its arch episcopal see is the Montreal, Quebec. It includes Montreal and surrounding areas within Quebec.
Cycling at the 2015 European Games – Qualification
A total of 346 athletes will compete in the cycling competitions at the 2015 European Games; 223 in road cycling, 75 in mountain biking and 48 in BMX. All quota places are based on the UCI Nations Rankings at 31 December 2014.

The quota places were presented by UEC.

2015 European Games
The 1st European Games (Azerbaijani: 1-ci Avropa Oyunları), also known as the 2015 European Games or Baku 2015 (Azerbaijani: Bakı 2015), were the inaugural edition of the European Games, an international multi-sport event for athletes representing the National Olympic Committees (NOCs) of the European Olympic Committees. It took place in Baku, Azerbaijan, from 12 to 28 June 2015, and featured almost 6,000 athletes from 50 countries competing in 30 sports, including 15 summer Olympic and 2 non-Olympic sports.
Huacaya alpaca
The Huacaya alpaca is a breed of alpaca (Lama pacos) that has a unique appearance and fiber quality. This breed is the most popular alpaca breed with population numbers reaching 2.8 million in Peru alone. They share biological components with other species in the Camelidae family. Their digestive tract, nutrition requirements, and herd behavior mirror that of all camelids. They also survive amidst similar predation, poison, and disease threats that endanger all camelids alike.

Triglochin
Triglochin is a plant genus in the family Juncaginaceae described by Carl Linnaeus in 1753. It includes 25 known species. It is very nearly cosmopolitan in distribution, with species on every continent except Antarctica. North America has four accepted species, two of which can also be found in Europe: Triglochin palustris (marsh arrowgrass) and Triglochin maritima (sea arrowgrass). Australia has many more.

The most widely used common name for the genus is arrowgrass, although these plants are not really grasses. Many of the common names for species make use of the term "arrowgrass", although there are exceptions: T. procera, for example, is commonly known as water ribbons.

Arrowgrasses are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including the grey chi moth.
Rabindra Mahavidyalaya
Rabindra Mahavidyalaya, (popularly known as Champadanga College) established in 1971, is a general degree college in Champadanga, in the Hooghly district, India. It offers undergraduate courses in arts, commerce and sciences. It is affiliated to University of Burdwan.

University of Burdwan
The University of Burdwan (also known as Burdwan University or B. U.) is a public state university located in Purba Bardhaman, West Bengal, India. It was established by the West Bengal Government as a teaching and affiliating university on 15 June 1960 with six postgraduate departments and 30 undergraduate colleges spread over three districts that come under the jurisdiction of the university. The university currently offers more than 30 undergraduate and 66 postgraduate courses. It has grown as the second largest state university in West Bengal after University of Calcutta. Over the years, the University has consistently performed in the NIRF ranking by securing rank within top 100 under ‘University’ Category and occupied the rank of 89, 92, 85 and 87 in the years 2019, 2020, 2021 and 2022 respectively.
Xenotaph
Xenotaph is the sixth studio album by American death metal band Fallujah. It was released on June 13, 2025, via Nuclear Blast Records, in vinyl, CD and digital formats. It features the singles, "Kaleidoscopic Waves", "Labyrinth of Stone" and "Step Through the Portal and Breathe".

Blabbermouth.net
Blabbermouth.net is a website dedicated to metal and rock news, as well as album and music DVD reviews. It is run by the website's founder Borivoj Krgin. The first version of the website was launched in March 2001. In October 2001, the record label Roadrunner Records began hosting it.

Users can post comments to selected news articles and album reviews, either in response to other user comments or in response to the article itself.
Shariatpur Sadar Upazila
Shariatpur Sadar (Bengali: শরিয়তপুর সদর) is an upazila of Shariatpur District in the Division of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Shariatpur Thana was converted into an upazila in 1984. It is the subdistrict where the district headquarters, Shariatpur town, is located.

A huge number of Bangladeshi populations in Italy comes from the Shariatpur district.

Dhaka Division
Dhaka Division (Bengali: ঢাকা বিভাগ, romanized: Ḍhaka Bibhag) is an administrative division of Bangladesh. Dhaka serves as the capital city of Dhaka Division, the Dhaka District and Bangladesh. The division remains a population magnet, and covers an area of 20,508.8 km2 with a population in excess of 44 million, it is one of the fastest growing populous administrative divisions of the world, growing at a rate of 1.94% since prior count, compared with the national average of 1.22%. However, national figures may include data skewing expatriation of male labor force as gender ratio is skewed towards females.

Dhaka Division borders every other division in the country except Rangpur Division. It is bounded by Mymensingh Division to the north, Barisal Division to the south, Chittagong Division to the east and south-east, Sylhet Division to the north-east, and Rajshahi Division to the west and Khulna Divisions to the south-west.
Shane (name)
Shane is mainly a masculine given name. It is an anglicized version of the Irish name Séaghan/Séan, which itself is cognate to the name John. Shane comes from the way the name Seán is pronounced in the Ulster dialect of the Irish language, as opposed to Shaun or Shawn.

Shane is sometimes used as a feminine given name but it is very rare.

Shane is also a popular surname with the prefix "Mac", "Mc", or "O'", to form anglicized Irish surname patronyms. The surname was first recorded in Petty's census of Ireland (1659), which lists a Dermot McShane (i.e., Son of Shane).

Variant forms include O'Shane, O'Shea, Séamus, Seán or Sean, Shaine, Shauna, Shawna, Shay, Shayna, and Shayne.

The name Shane was popularized by Jack Schaefer's novel Shane (1949) and its eponymous 1953 movie adaptation, directed by George Stevens from a screenplay by A.B. Guthrie Jr.

Pender's Census of Ireland
Pender's Census, or Petty's Census, was undertaken by the English economist William Petty between December 1654 and 1659. This 'census' was completed on behalf of the Commonwealth government probably as part of the Down Survey.
Nxumalo
Nxumalo is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bright Nxumalo (born 1978), Swazi footballer

Conny Nxumalo (1967-2020), South African social worker

Gideon Nxumalo (1929-1970), South African jazz pianist and marimba player

Henry Nxumalo (1917–1957), South African investigative journalist

Lerato Nxumalo ( born 1999), South African actress and influencer

Muntu Nxumalo (born 1957), South African singer

Mzala Nxumalo (1955-1991), South African activist and intellectual

Nkosinathi Nxumalo, South African politician

Prince Nxumalo (born 1990), South African footballer

Samuel Dickenson Nxumalo, South African politician

Sishayi Nxumalo (1936–2000), Swazi politician

Tiki Nxumalo (1950–2015), South African actor

Wonderboy Nxumalo (1975–2008), South African artist

Zandile Nxumalo (born 2003), South African-Swazi singer-songwriter as Zee Nxumalo

Mzala Nxumalo
Jabulani Nobleman “Mzala” Nxumalo OLS (27 October 1955 – 22 February 1991) was a South African anti-apartheid activist, intellectual, and author.

Nxumalo held significant importance to the anti-apartheid movement. Nxumalo also played heavy roles in the African National Congress (ANC), Umkhonto weSizwe (MK) and the South African Communist Party (SACP) while in exile. During Nxumalo's exile, he would serve liberation movements in Swaziland (now Eswatini), Angola, Mozambique, Tanzania, and the United Kingdom. During this time Nxumalo would write plenty of books, all still subject to heavy debate, about South African revolutionary theory. Nxumalo would pass while in London, United Kingdom in 1991 at the age of 35.
Bezledy
Bezledy [bɛˈzlɛdɨ] (German: Beisleiden) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bartoszyce, within Bartoszyce County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia.

The village is the main border crossing point between Russia and Poland (Bezledy/Bagrationovsk).

Gmina Bartoszyce
Gmina Bartoszyce is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Bartoszyce County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, on the border with Russia. Its seat is the town of Bartoszyce, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.

The gmina covers an area of 427.82 square kilometres (165.2 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 10,769.
Lino Graglia
Lino Anthony Graglia (January 22, 1930 – January 30, 2022) was the A. W. Walker Centennial Chair in Law at the University of Texas specializing in antitrust litigation. He earned a BA from the City College of New York in 1952, and an LLB from Columbia University in 1954, before working in the Eisenhower administration's United States Department of Justice. He thereafter practiced law in Washington, D.C., and New York City before joining the University of Texas' law school in 1966.

As a legal academic, Graglia was very conservative. He was a critic of affirmative action and racial quotas, and a critic of some aspects of judicial review, believing that the courts are an illegitimate avenue for securing social change.

His wife, F. Carolyn Graglia, is an author who has written a book critical of feminism entitled Domestic Tranquility: A Brief Against Feminism.

Graglia died on January 30, 2022, in Austin, Texas.

Judicial review
Judicial review is a process under which a government's executive, legislative, or administrative actions are subject to review by the judiciary.: 79  In a judicial review, a court may invalidate laws, acts, or governmental actions that are incompatible with a higher authority. For example, an executive decision may be invalidated for being unlawful, or a statute may be invalidated for violating the terms of a constitution. Judicial review is one of the checks and balances in the separation of powers—the power of the judiciary to supervise (judicial supervision) the legislative and executive branches when the latter exceed their authority.

The doctrine varies between jurisdictions, so the procedure and scope of judicial review may differ between and within countries. The judiciary in United States has been described as having unusually strong powers of judicial review from a comparative perspective.
Rectal stricture
A rectal stricture (rectal stenosis) is a chronic and abnormal narrowing or constriction of the lumen of the rectum which presents a partial or complete obstruction to the movement of bowel contents. A rectal stricture is located deeper inside the body compared to an anal stricture. Sometimes other terms with wider meaning are used, such as anorectal stricture, colorectal stricture or rectosigmoid stricture.

Lumen (anatomy)
In biology, a lumen (pl.: lumina) is the inside space of a tubular structure, such as an artery or intestine. It comes from Latin  lumen 'an opening'.

It can refer to:

the interior of a vessel, such as the central space in an artery, vein or capillary through which blood flows

the interior of the gastrointestinal tract

the pathways of the bronchi in the lungs

the interior of renal tubules and urinary collecting ducts

the pathways of the female genital tract, starting with a single pathway of the vagina, splitting up in two lumina in the uterus, both of which continue through the fallopian tubes

the fluid-filled cavity forming in the blastocyst during pre-implantation development called the blastocoel

In cell biology, lumen is a membrane-defined space that is found inside several organelles, cellular components, or structures, including thylakoid, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosome, mitochondrion, and microtubule.
Original Koffee
Mikayla Victoria Simpson (born 16 February 2000), who performs under the stage name Original Koffee and formerly as Koffee, is a Jamaican singer, songwriter, rapper, and guitarist from Spanish Town. She released her debut single "Burning" in 2017, and signed with Columbia Records after releasing another single the following year. Her 2019 debut EP Rapture won the Grammy Award for Best Reggae Album at the 62nd Annual Grammy Awards, making Koffee both the youngest person and only woman to be awarded in the Best Reggae Album category. Her most recent album, Gifted was released on 25 March 2022.

Rebel Salute
Rebel Salute is an annual music festival held in Jamaica. It is held on January 15 of every year, the birthday of promoter Tony Rebel. It is one of Jamaica's biggest music festivals, known for its focus on roots and conscious music. Rebel began the festival in 1994 in the parish of Manchester and was long held annually in St. Elizabeth on the country's south coast until 2012. As of 2014, the festival is now a two-day event, held in the Richmond Park Estate in Saint Ann Parish.

The festival was billed as the Pepsi Rebel Salute during a three-year sponsorship agreement with PepsiCo. Festival producers stated they pursued the agreement as Pepsi products were more in-line with the festival's stance, which allows no alcohol and no meat. The festival has also featured dancehall performers not normally known for "conscious" lyrics by billing them under their birth name, rather than their stage name, in order to highlight their "good side", according to Tony Rebel.
Duke Ding of Lu
Duke Ding of Lu (Chinese: 魯定公; pinyin: Lǔ Dìng Gōng, 556 BC – 15 May 495 BC) was a ruler of the State of Lu during the Spring and Autumn period of ancient China. His ancestral name was Ji (姬), given name Song (宋), and Duke Ding was his posthumous title.

Since the reign of Duke Xuan of Lu, The politics of Lu had been dominated by multiple cadet branches of the ducal house, particularly the Three Huan: Jisun (季孫), Shusun (叔孫), and Mengsun (孟孫). Efforts of Confucius, who served as Duke Ding's Minister of Crime (大司寇), to curb the power of the Three Huan were met with failure. Eventual political differences and externally-fomented discord caused Confucius to go on exile, seeking to realize his ambitions elsewhere.

Duke Xuan of Lu
Duke Xuan of Lu (Chinese: 魯宣公; pinyin: Lǔ Xuān Gōng; died 26 September 591 BC), personal name Ji Tui, was a duke of the Lu state, reigning from 608 BC to 591 BC. He succeeded his father, Duke Wen, to the Lu throne. After Duke Xuan died in 591 BC, his son, Prince Heigong (Duke Cheng), succeeded him.

Starting from Duke Xuan, the Dukes of Lu lost control of their own domain as cadet branches of the ducal house such as the Three Huan seized control of administrative and military affairs.