hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2012 Finlandia Trophy
The 2012 Finlandia Trophy was an international figure skating competition in the 2012–13 season. The 17th edition of the annual event was held on October 5–7, 2012 at the Barona Arena in Espoo. Skaters competed in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, ice dancing, and synchronized skating on the senior level.

Synchronized skating
Synchronized skating, often called synchro, is an ice skating sport where between 8 and 20 skaters perform together as a team. They move as a flowing unit at high speed over the ice, while performing elements and footwork.

This complex sport originated in 1956 and was initially called "precision skating" due to its emphasis on the maintenance of intricate and precise formations and the requirement of precise timing from all members of the group. Synchronized skating is now well-established as an organized sport in several European countries with several of them having produced teams who frequently win championships at the international level. As of 2022, there are more than 600 synchro teams in United States alone.
Parmotrema mellissii
Parmotrema mellissii is a widely distributed species of corticolous lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It was first described by Carroll William Dodge in 1959 as a species of Parmelia. Mason Hale transferred it to the genus Parmotrema in 1974. The type collection was made in Saint Helena. Parmotrema mellissii has a pale yellowish-buff coloured thallus at least 12 cm (5 in) in diameter, comprising rounded lobes about 15 mm wide and long. It has been found in the southern U.S.A., the Neotropics from Mexico to Colombia and Brazil, Africa (including the Canary Islands and Kenya), Asia (Japan, Laos, the Philippines), Australia and Oceania.

Carroll William Dodge
Carroll William Dodge (January 20, 1895 – July 21, 1988) was an American mycologist and lichenologist. His major fields of study included human and mammalian parasitic fungi, lichen-associated fungi, and fungi forming subterranean sporophores. His research and publications on Antarctic lichens were substantial, but not well received by the taxonomic community.
Romina Vidal-Russell
Romina Vidal-Russell is an Argentinean botanist who works in the areas of phytogeography, phylogeny, and parasitic plants, and on which she has written extensively. Her papers on the phylogeny of parasitic plants are cited on the APG website, and elsewhere and her collaborations are international. She currently works at the National University of Comahue in Argentina. She earned a Ph.D.  at SIUC with Daniel L. Nickrent as supervisor.

(She has two botanist abbreviations in IPNI: one as a botanist, the other as a mycologist.)

The standard author abbreviation Vidal-Russ. is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.

The standard author abbreviation Vid.-Russ. is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.

Phytogeography
Phytogeography (from Greek  φυτόν, phytón 'plant' and  γεωγραφία, geographía 'geography' meaning also distribution) or botanical geography is the branch of biogeography that is concerned with the geographic distribution of plant species and their influence on the earth's surface. Phytogeography is concerned with all aspects of plant distribution, from the controls on the distribution of individual species ranges (at both large and small scales, see species distribution) to the factors that govern the composition of entire communities and floras. Geobotany, by contrast, focuses on the geographic space's influence on plants.
Gunderslevholm
Gunderslevholm is a manor house and estate located 12 km northwest of Næstved in southeastern Denmark. Gunderslevholm has been owned by members of the de Neergaard family since 1803. The main building is located on high ground just west of the Susaa river. It was originally a Baroque-style mansion built in 1729 for Carl Adolph von Plessen but was in 1787 adapted to the Neoclassical style. Gunderslevholm covers 2,084 hectares of land and 272 hectares of lake (2025).

Hector Gottfried Masius
Hector Gottfried Masius (13 April 1653 – 20 September 1709) was a German Lutheran theologian serving as vice-chancellor of the University of Copenhagen from 1691 to 1692 and, again, from 1700 to 1701. He acquired wealth through marriages and owned a number of estates. His children were ennobled in 1712 with the surname von der Maase.
2023 Big Ten Wrestling Championships – 125 lbs
The 125-pound competition at the 2023 Big Ten Wrestling Championships in Ann Arbor, Michigan, took place from March 4–5, 2023 at the Crisler Center.

The competition consisted of a triple-elimination tournament to determine the top ten wrestlers of the Big Ten's 125-pound weight class. The top nine wrestlers would qualify for the 2023 NCAA Division I Wrestling Championships.

Spencer Lee of Iowa would win the tournament with two technical falls and an 8–2 decision win in the finals over Liam Cronin of Nebraska.

Nebraska Cornhuskers wrestling
The Nebraska Cornhuskers wrestling team competes as part of NCAA Division I, representing the University of Nebraska–Lincoln in the Big Ten Conference. Nebraska primarily hosted meets at the NU Coliseum from 1926 until moving to the larger Bob Devaney Sports Center in 2013.

Since its inception in 1911, the program has won seven conference tournament titles and produced eleven individual NCAA champions with 136 All-America selections. Rulon Gardner and Jordan Burroughs became Olympic gold medalists after their collegiate careers; Burroughs is the most decorated American wrestler of all-time and is considered one of the greatest freestyle wrestlers ever.

The team has been coached by Mark Manning since 2000.
Rational Performance Tester
Rational Performance Tester is a tool for automated performance testing of web- and server-based applications from the Rational Software division of IBM. It allows users to create tests that mimic user transactions between an application client and server. During test execution, these transactions are replicated in parallel to simulate a large transaction load on the server. Server response time measurements are collected to identify the presence and cause of any potential application bottlenecks. It is primarily used by Software Quality Assurance teams to perform automated software performance testing.

Software performance testing
In software quality assurance, performance testing is in general a testing practice performed to determine how a system performs in terms of responsiveness and stability under a particular workload. It can also serve to investigate, measure, validate or verify other quality attributes of the system, such as scalability, reliability and resource usage.

Performance testing, a subset of performance engineering, is a computer science practice which strives to build performance standards into the implementation, design and architecture of a system.
Social distance
In sociology, social distance describes the distance between individuals or social groups in society, including dimensions such as social class, race/ethnicity, gender or sexuality. Members of different groups mix less than members of the same group. It is the measure of nearness or intimacy that an individual or group feels towards another individual or group in a social network or the level of trust one group has for another and the extent of perceived likeness of beliefs.

Emory S. Bogardus
Emory Stephen Bogardus (born near Belvidere, Illinois, February 21, 1882 – August 21, 1973) was an American sociologist. He founded one of the first sociology departments at an American university, at the University of Southern California in 1915.
FASTT
FASTT may stand for:

FAStT Series, an IBM Storage product line

Freeflight Atmospheric Scramjet Test Technique, used in Scramjet programs

Flagstaff Astrometric Scanning Transit Telescope, a Meridian circle

Scramjet programs
Scramjet programs refers to research and testing programs for the development of supersonic combustion ramjets, known as scramjets. This list provides a short overview of national and international collaborations, and civilian and military programs. The USA, Russia, India, and China (2014), have succeeded at developing scramjet technologies.
Mickey's Toontown
Mickey's Toontown is a themed land at Disneyland and Tokyo Disneyland, two theme parks operated by Disney Experiences and The Oriental Land Company respectively. At Tokyo Disneyland, this land is named Toontown. A similar land existed at the Magic Kingdom until 2011 and was named Mickey's Toontown Fair. Walt Disney Studios Park in Disneyland Paris has a related land called Toon Studio.

The attraction is a small-scale recreation of the Mickey Mouse universe where visitors can meet the characters and visit their homes which are constructed in a cartoonish style. It was inspired by "Toontown" from the 1988 film Who Framed Roger Rabbit in which the cartoon characters live alongside humans.

The Oriental Land Company
The Oriental Land Co., Ltd. (Japanese: 株式会社オリエンタルランド, Hepburn: Kabushiki gaisha Orientaru Rando; OLC) is a Japanese leisure and tourism company headquartered in Urayasu, Chiba, Japan, where it owns and operates the Tokyo Disney Resort. The company operates in three segments: theme parks, hotels, and other businesses. It is a component of the TOPIX Large70 index. The company’s largest shareholder is the Keisei Electric Railway, which holds 22% of its shares.

Oriental Land pays licenses and royalties to The Walt Disney Company for the use of Disney intellectual property, while Disney provides consultation and design services through Walt Disney Imagineering for the resort’s theme parks and attractions. OLC is the only Disney resort operator that has no capital relationship with Disney.
Vendetta Online
Vendetta Online is a twitch-based, science fiction massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG) developed by Guild Software for the operating systems Android, Linux, Mac OS X, iOS, and Microsoft Windows. It uses the NAOS game engine, a fully real-time flight model and combat system, to offer first-person/third-person shooter-style player versus player and player versus environment battle action against the backdrop of a massively multiplayer universe. Vendetta Online shipped as a commercial MMORPG in November 2004 with a subscription-based business model, although it has been running continuously since April 2002. Vendetta Online is available to play across a wide array of platforms, including the Oculus Rift virtual reality display, allowing all users to directly interact in a single, contiguous galaxy. It is also notable for its twitch combat and fidelity to real physics.

Player versus player
Player versus player (PvP) is a type of multiplayer interactive conflict within a game between human players. This is often compared to player versus environment (PvE), in which the game itself controls its players' opponents and is usually offline, whereas PvP tends to be online. The terms are most often used in games where both activities exist, particularly MMORPGs, MUDs, and other role-playing video games, to distinguish between game modes. PvP can be broadly used to describe any game, or aspect of a game, where players compete against each other. PvP is often controversial when used in role-playing games. In most cases, there are vast differences in abilities between players. PvP can even encourage experienced players to immediately attack and kill inexperienced players. PvP is often referred to as player killing in the cases of games which contain, but do not focus on, such interaction.
Football Manager 2009
Football Manager 2009, also known as Worldwide Soccer Manager 2009 in North America, is a football manager simulation video game and the sixth instalment in the Football Manager series. It was released on Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, and PlayStation Portable on 14 November 2008 in Europe and on 18 November 2008 in North America. The game demo was released on 2 November 2008 via the News of the World, BitTorrent, and Steam. An Arsenal F.C.-branded version of the game was also released.

Simulation video game
Simulation video games are a diverse super-category of video games, generally designed to closely simulate real world activities. A simulation game attempts to copy various activities from real life in the form of a game for various purposes such as training, analysis, prediction, or entertainment. Usually there are no strictly defined goals in the game, and the player is allowed to control a character or environment freely. Well-known examples are war games, business games, and role play simulation. From three basic types of strategic, planning, and learning exercises: games, simulations, and case studies, a number of hybrids may be considered, including simulation games that are used as case studies. Comparisons of the merits of simulation games versus other teaching techniques have been carried out by many researchers and a number of comprehensive reviews have been published.
Victory V
Victory V is a British brand of liquorice-flavoured lozenges.  Originally manufactured in Nelson, Lancashire, they were devised by Thomas Fryer and Edward Smith MD in 1864 and were initially made by hand to ensure that each sweet contained the correct amount of therapeutic ingredients: ether, liquorice and chlorodyne (a patent medicine containing laudanum, cannabis and chloroform).

In 1959, a film was produced by Red Rose Films called The Story of Victory-V, documenting the production of Victory V lozenges and other products of the Nelson Victory V factory.

In the 1960s they acquired the Alverthorpe firm of A.Talbot and Son. Victory V lozenges are available in specialist shops and online, but no longer contain chloroform or ether. However, their scent and flavour is still vividly reminiscent of diethyl ether – recreated via artificial means to preserve the original flavour. Today they are manufactured by Ernest Jackson & Co. Ltd. in Crediton, Devon.

Diethyl ether
Diethyl ether, or simply ether (abbreviated as eth. or Et2O) is an organic compound with the chemical formula (CH3CH2)2O, belonging to the ether class. It is a colourless, highly volatile, sweet-smelling (termed "ethereal odour"), extremely flammable liquid. It is a common solvent and was formerly used as a general anesthetic.
Kadışehri District
Kadışehri District is a district of the Yozgat Province of Turkey. Its seat is the town of Kadışehri. Its area is 472 km2, and its population is 10,004 (2022). Neighbouring districts are Zile on the north, Akdağmadeni and Saraykent on the south, Çekerek on the west and Sulusaray on the east.

Sulusaray
Sulusaray or Çiftlik, in Antiquity and the early Middle Ages known as Sebastopolis (Greek: Σεβαστούπολις) or Heracleopolis (Ἡρακλειούπολις), is a town in Tokat Province in the Black Sea region of Turkey. It is the seat of Sulusaray District. Its population is 4,383 (2022). Sulusaray is about 68 km from the center of Tokat, and about 30 km from Artova town. The site is situated on a plain surrounded by mountains and the Çekerek river runs near it. The mayor is Necmettin Coruk (AKP).
Großenenglis
The formerly independent community of Großenenglis has been since its amalgamation with Borken in 1974 with its population then of 1,190 the northernmost and largest by land area (988 ha) of Borken's constituent communities.

The following constituent communities are in direct neighbourhood. In the south is Gombeth, in the west Kleinenglis and in the east Udenborn (among to the municipal of Wabern).

Wabern, Hesse
Wabern (German pronunciation: [ˈvaːbɐn] ⓘ) is a municipality in the Schwalm-Eder district in northern Hesse, Germany. It lies on the Main-Weser Railway between Kassel and Frankfurt. From Wabern, the Edersee Railway runs to Bad Wildungen.
Low Budget (album)
Low Budget is the eighteenth studio album by the English rock band the Kinks, released in 1979. It was their first to feature bassist Jim Rodford who would remain with the group until their disbandment in 1996. Following the minor success of their 1978 album Misfits, the band recorded the majority of the album in New York rather than London. Unlike the nostalgic themes of many of the Kinks' previous albums, several of Low Budget's songs allude to contemporaneous events. Musically, the album is a continuation of the band's "arena rock" phase, resulting in a more rock-based sound and more modern production techniques.

Despite being a relative failure in the UK, Low Budget was a critical and commercial success in the United States, becoming the Kinks' best-selling studio album and peaking at number 11 on the Billboard Top LPs & Tape chart. The lead single, "(Wish I Could Fly Like) Superman", was a minor hit in the US, reaching number 41.

Mick Avory
Michael Charles Avory (born 15 February 1944) is an English musician, best known as the longtime drummer and percussionist for the English rock band the Kinks. He joined them shortly after their formation in 1964 and remained with them until 1984, when he left amid creative friction with guitarist Dave Davies. He is the longest-serving member of the band, apart from the Davies brothers. He is also the most prolific member, again apart from the Davies brothers, who has played on twenty studio albums or nearly all of the band's creative output.
Izurium Capital
Izurium Capital was a UK-based investment firm focused on private equity and special situations investment strategies. Izurium Capital was founded in December 2009 and stopped operating and was dissolved around 2017.

Prior to its demise it was headquartered in London, United Kingdom. Since its inception, the firm had raised over €300 million in committed capital.

The firm sought to invest in a variety of businesses with operations in Europe, the Americas, and Asia. The firm preferred businesses with a sizeable international presence outside their home market and with enterprise values ranging from €50 million to €500 million. The firm specialized in control investments, co-investments, leveraged buyouts, growth equity investments and sponsored mergers and acquisitions. The firm also provided mezzanine capital as part of its special situations strategy.

Special situation
A special situation in finance is an atypical event which has the high potential to alter the future course of a business, materially impacting the company's value. The connotation of the event may be both positive (for example, merger or acquisition) and negative (conflict, distress, etc.) The notion also covers corporate restructuring and corporate transactions, such as spin-offs, share repurchases, security issuance/repurchase, asset sales, or other catalyst-oriented situations. Further, a shareholders conflict  is also considered a special situation.

Seeking for and investing in special situations is a strategy pursued by a number of investors. To take advantage of a special situation, a hedge fund manager must identify an upcoming event that will increase or decrease the value of the company's equity and equity-related instruments.
Roscoe River
The Roscoe River is a waterway located above the Arctic Circle on the mainland of Northern Canada.

It originates at 68°41′55″N 120°12′35″W﻿ / ﻿68.69861°N 120.20972°W﻿ / 68.69861; -120.20972﻿ (Roscoe River (head)) in western Kitikmeot Region, Nunavut, northwest of Bluenose Lake. The river passes through the Melville Hills and Tuktut Nogait National Park in the Northwest Territories, before emptying into Amundsen Gulf at its juncture with Dolphin and Union Strait, between Deas Thompson Point and Tysoe Point.

Bluenose Lake
Bluenose Lake is a lake in Kitikmeot Region, Nunavut, Canada. It is located north of the Arctic Circle within the large, shallow basin of the Melville Hills. It is approximately 33 mi (53 km) long, 12 mi (19 km) wide, and is situated at 1,800 ft (550 m) above sea level. The Croker River flows north from Bluenose Lake to the Arctic Ocean, entering at Dolphin and Union Strait.

It was officially named in 1953 by John Kelsall and James Mitchell subsequent to their biological investigation of the previously unnamed lake.
Potameides
In Greek mythology, potameides (Ancient Greek: ποταμηίδες) is a name for nymphs of rivers. It is used by Apollonius of Rhodes, who writes that, when Jason summoned the goddess Hecate:

All the watery meadows shook at her footstep, and the marsh-dwelling river nymphs [ποταμηίδες] wailed, those who dance around that marshy meadow of Amarantian Phasis.

A scholium on the Iliad (from the A family of scholia) states that epipotamídes (ἐπιποταμίδες) is the name given to nymphs of rivers.

Jason
Jason (/ˈdʒeɪ.sən/ JAY-sən; Ancient Greek: Ἰάσων, romanized: Iásōn [i.ǎːsɔːn]) was an ancient Greek mythological hero and leader of the Argonauts, whose quest for the Golden Fleece is featured in Greek literature. He was the son of Aeson, the rightful king of Iolcos. He was married to the sorceress Medea, the granddaughter of the sungod Helios.

Jason appeared in various literary works in the classical world of Greece and Rome, including the epic poem Argonautica and the tragedy Medea. In the modern world, Jason has emerged as a character in various adaptations of his myths, such as the 1963 film Jason and the Argonauts and the 2000 TV miniseries of the same name.
Madia Gond
Madia Gonds or Madia or Maria (Gondi: [maːɽijaː]) are one of the endogamous Gond tribes living in Chandrapur District and Gadchiroli District of Maharashtra State, and Bastar division of Chhattisgarh State India. They have been granted the status of a particularly vulnerable tribal group by the Government of India under its affirmative action or reservation programme. The Madia Gonds are strongly affected by Naxal activities. The Madia Gond use the self designation Madia, and call the area where they live Madia Desh. They speak the Madia dialect of Gondi. The shifting agriculture of madia is known as jhoom. A study mentions living megalithic practices amongst the Madia Gonds. One of the findings of The Bench Mark Survey done in 1997–1998: 91.08 per cent of Madia Gond families lived Below Poverty Line.

Reservation in India
Reservation is a system of affirmative action in India that was established during the British Raj. Based on provisions in the Indian constitution, it allows the union government and the states and union territories of India to allocate a specific percentage of reserved quotas or seats, in higher education admissions, employment, political bodies, etc., for "socially and economically backward citizens". Since its implementation, reservation has been a subject of massive debates and controversies over its impact, execution and effectiveness, significantly shaping the agendas of political parties and the actions of social groups.
Bendigo Field Naturalists Club
The Bendigo Field Naturalists Club (BFNC) is an Australian regional scientific natural history society, dedicated to the study, appreciation and conservation of the natural environment. It is located in Bendigo, in central Victoria and focuses on the native biodiversity of the Bendigo Valley.

The main vision of the club is to see a "secure and healthy natural environment that sustains our biodiversity, and a community that understands and values it", and the purpose of their activities are to encourage education, conservation and enjoyment of nature within the Bendigo Valley.

Habitat conservation
Habitat conservation is a management practice that seeks to conserve, protect and restore habitats and prevent species extinction, fragmentation or reduction in range. It is a priority of many groups that cannot be easily characterized in terms of any one ideology.
Yarmak
Yarmak (Russian: Ермак) is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Oleksandr Yarmak (born 1991), Ukrainian rapper

Sergey Yarmak (born 1976), Russian hero of WWII

Alex Yarmak (born 1995), Ukrainian musician

Helen Yarmak (born 1949), Russian fashion designer

Helen Yarmak
Yelena Davydovna Yarmak (Russian: Елена Давыдовна Ярмак; born July 6, 1949, in Kyiv, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic), known professionally as Helen Yarmak, is a Russian fashion designer and the founder of the Helen Yarmak fashion house.