hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Charles Gray-Stack
Christianity portal

Charles Maurice Gray-Stack (1912–1985) was Dean of Ardfert and Chancellor of St Mary's Cathedral, Limerick from 1966 until his death.

Gray-Stack was born in Armagh, educated at Trinity College, Dublin and  ordained in 1939. He began his ecclesiastical career with  curacies at Eglish, Clonevan, Killarney and Rathkeale. He held incumbencies at Adare from 1953 to 1961; and at Kenmare from 1961.

Clonevan
St. Patrick's Church at Clonevan (also spelt Clonevin) is in the Church of Ireland parish of Ardamine, County Wexford in the Diocese of Cashel and Ossory. The church is located on the R742 road south of the village of Ballygarrett near Cahore Point on the Wexford coast.

Cahore House at  Clonlevan, which is presently unoccupied, was the home of the George family for several generations. It was built in the 1840s by John George, Solicitor General for Ireland, who had inherited land there from his father.
Canopus Crags
The Canopus Crags (71°10′S 66°38′W﻿ / ﻿71.167°S 66.633°W﻿ / -71.167; -66.633) are a cluster of peaks of 3 nautical miles (6 km) extent, located between Vela Bluff and Carina Heights along the south side of Ryder Glacier, in Palmer Land. They were named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee after the star Canopus in the constellation of Carina.

Ryder Glacier
Ryder Glacier is a gently sloping glacier, 13 nautical miles (24 km) long and wide, flowing west from the Dyer Plateau of Palmer Land into George VI Sound to the south of Gurney Point. First surveyed in 1936 by the British Graham Land Expedition (BGLE) under Rymill. Named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) in 1954 for Captain Robert Ryder, Royal Navy, who as Lieutenant, was commander of the Penola during the BGLE, 1934–37.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Ryder Glacier". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
Ronan Coughlan
Ronan Liam Coughlan (born 2 October 1996) is an Irish professional footballer who plays as a striker for EFL League Two club Fleetwood Town.

He previously played for Bray Wanderers, Cork City, Sligo Rovers, St Patrick's Athletic and Waterford.

FAI Cup
The Football Association of Ireland Senior Challenge Cup (FAI Cup), known as the Sports Direct FAI Cup for sponsorship reasons, is a knock-out association football competition contested annually by teams from the Republic of Ireland (as well as Derry City from Northern Ireland). Organised by the FAI (Football Association of Ireland), the competition is currently sponsored by Sports Direct. It was known as the Free State Cup from 1923 to 1936. Shamrock Rovers hold the record of most wins with 26.

The current holders are Shamrock Rovers who won their 26th title on 9 November 2025, defeating Cork City 2–0 at the Aviva Stadium.
Dairying and Clean Streams Accord
The Dairying and Clean Streams Accord is an agreement signed in 2003 in New Zealand between Fonterra, Ministry for the Environment, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry and regional councils. The Accord was prompted by the high-profile "dirty dairying" campaign by Fish and Game New Zealand which highlighted water pollution of lakes, rivers and streams due to the intensification of dairy farming in parts of New Zealand.

In 2014 the Dairying and Clean Streams Accord was succeeded by the Sustainable Dairying: Water Accord.

Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (New Zealand)
The Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (in Māori, Te Manatu Ahuwhenua, Ngāherehere) was a state sector organisation of New Zealand which dealt with matters relating to agriculture, forestry and biosecurity. It was commonly known by its acronym "MAF".

In April 2012, it became part of the newly formed Ministry for Primary Industries.
158th Division (Imperial Japanese Army)
The 158th Division (第158師団, Dai-hyakugojūhachi Shidan) was an infantry division of the Imperial Japanese Army. Its call sign was the Immortal Division (不滅兵団, Fumetsu Heidan). It was formed 10 August 1945 in Changchun as a triangular division.

Triangular division
A triangular division is a designation given to the way military divisions are organized. In a triangular organization, the division's main body is composed of three regimental maneuver elements.  These regiments may be controlled by a brigade headquarters (more typical in World War I) or directly subordinated to the division commander.  By contrast, in a square division, there were typically two brigades of two regiments.  Other structures are possible, such as a pentomic division, where the division commander controls five maneuver elements, which was used in the United States Army in the late 1950s, with the regiments replaced by combined arms battlegroups.
2016 Wheelchair Tennis Masters
The 2016 Wheelchair Tennis Masters (also known as the 2016 NEC Wheelchair Tennis Masters for sponsorship reasons) is a wheelchair tennis tournament played at the Lee Valley Hockey and Tennis Centre in the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park, London, United Kingdom, from 30 November to 4 December 2016. It is the season-ending event for the highest-ranked wheelchair tennis singles players on the 2016 ITF Wheelchair Tennis Tour.

Wheelchair tennis
Wheelchair tennis is one of the forms of tennis adapted for wheelchair users. The size of the court, net height and rackets are the same, but there are two major differences from pedestrian tennis: athletes use specially designed wheelchairs, and the ball may bounce up to two times, where the second bounce may also occur outside the court.

Wheelchair tennis has been played at all four Grand Slams since 2007 and is one of the sports played at the Summer Paralympics. There are three categories: Men, Women, and Quads; each category has singles and doubles tournaments. The Quad, the newest division, is for players who have substantial loss of function in at least one upper limb, but may include various disabilities besides quadriplegia. The division is sometimes called Mixed, especially at the Paralympic Games. Quad players often tape the rackets to their hand, to compensate for loss of function, and some players are allowed to use electric-powered wheelchairs.
Marty Beckerman
Marty Beckerman is an American journalist, humorist, and author. He was born in Anchorage, Alaska, and started his career with The Anchorage Daily News between 1998 and 2000, when he was still a junior and sophomore at Steller Secondary School. He has since written for The New York Times, Wired, Playboy, Salon, Maxim, the Daily Beast, Discover, the Atlantic, and other publications. He is a former editor at Esquire.

Beckerman wrote his first book at age 16. He has since published three books, including The Heming Way: How to Unleash the Booze-Inhaling, Animal-Slaughtering, War-Glorifying, Hairy-Chested, Retro-Sexual Legend Within... Just Like Papa!, a parody of Ernest Hemingway.

Humorist
A humorist is an intellectual who uses humor, or wit, in writing or public speaking. A raconteur is one who tells anecdotes in a skillful and amusing way.

Henri Bergson writes that a humorist's work grows from viewing the morals of society.

The term comedian is generally applied to one who is performing to an audience for laughter.
Black lancer
The black lancer (Bagrichthys macracanthus) is a species of bagrid catfish found in Vietnam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia and Thailand.  It grows to a length of 25.0 cm.

It is the only species of the genus Bagrichthys that is traded for the aquarium hobby. When these fish are first imported, they are often young and in bad condition; and thus, it is recommended to acclimate them at a high temperature (about 29 °C or 85 °F). Though nocturnal, this species may be trained to eat in the light; it may even be trained to feed from the owner's hand. These fish tend to be territorial among their own kinds though this behavior can be reduced by placing a male with multiple females. This species is quite adaptable with pH and DH and will thrive as long as extremes are avoided.

Hard water
Hard water is water that has a high mineral content (in contrast with "soft water"). Hard water is formed when water percolates through deposits of limestone, chalk or gypsum, which are largely made up of calcium and magnesium carbonates, bicarbonates and sulfates.

Drinking hard water may have moderate health benefits. It can pose critical problems in industrial settings, where water hardness is monitored to avoid costly breakdowns in boilers, cooling towers, and other equipment that handles water.

In domestic settings, hard water is often indicated by a lack of foam formation when soap is agitated in water, and by the formation of limescale in kettles and water heaters. Wherever water hardness is a concern, water softening is commonly used to reduce hard water's adverse effects.
Roland Swynbourne
Roland Swynbourne  was an English priest and academic in the 16th century.

Swynbourne was born in Chopwell and educated at the University. He graduated B.A in 1517; M.A  in 1520; and B.D. in 1545. He became Fellow of Clare Hall in 1530. He was ordained on 15 June 1527 and held incumbencies at Little Shelford and North Stoneham. He was twice Master of Clare Hall, Cambridge: from 1539 to 1549, and from 1553 until his death in 1557.

Bachelor of Divinity
In Western universities, a Bachelor of Divinity or Baccalaureate in Divinity (BD, DB, or BDiv; Latin: Baccalaureus Divinitatis) is an academic degree awarded for a course taken in the study of divinity or related disciplines, such as theology or, rarely, religious studies.

At the University of Cambridge, the Bachelor of Divinity degree is considered senior to the university's PhD degree.

In the Catholic universities the Bachelor of Sacred Theology (STB) is often called the Baccalaureate in Divinity (BD) and is treated as a postgraduate qualification.

In America, the BD was largely replaced by the Master of Divinity.
Jean Théodore Delacour
Jean Théodore Delacour (26 September 1890 – 5 November 1985) was a French ornithologist and aviculturist. He later became American. He was renowned for not only discovering but also rearing some of the rarest birds in the world. He established very successful aviaries twice in his life, stocked with birds from around the world, including those that he obtained on expeditions to Southeast Asia, Africa and South America. His first aviary in Villers-Bretonneux was destroyed in World War One. The second one that he established at Clères was destroyed in World War Two. He moved to the United States of America where he worked on avian systematics and was one of the founders of the International Committee for Bird Protection (later BirdLife International). One of the birds he discovered was the imperial pheasant, later identified as a hybrid between the Vietnamese pheasant and the silver pheasant.

Vietnamese pheasant
The Vietnamese pheasant, or Vietnam fireback, was formerly considered a species of gallopheasant, Lophura hatinhensis, but is now considered a variant of Edward's pheasant caused by inbreeding due to small population size. Discovered in 1964, it is endemic to central Vietnam. Its range concentrates around Kẻ Gỗ Nature Reserve in Hà Tĩnh Province.
Black dandyism
Black dandyism is a cultural movement and fashion style in which Black people use clothing and personal style, specifically the historically European sensibility of the dandy, as a form of self-expression and a way to address societal limitations. Beginning in the late-nineteenth century and early-twentieth century after Emancipation, with much traction especially gained during the Harlem Renaissance, it was chosen as the Met Gala's theme for 2025.

Emancipation Day
Emancipation Day is observed in many former European colonies in the West Indies and parts of the United States on various dates to commemorate the emancipation of slaves of African descent.

In much of the former British West Indies, Emancipation Day is usually marked on 1 August, commemorating the anniversary of the Slavery Abolition Act 1833 coming into force on 1 August 1834. However, in some countries, it is marked instead on the first Monday in August. The observance of a holiday in the British West Indies also became a key mobilisation tool and holiday for the antislavery movement in the United States.

Emancipation Day is also observed in other areas in regard to the abolition of other forms of involuntary servitude.
Baseball at the 1963 Pan American Games
Baseball at the 1963 Pan American Games was contested between teams representing Brazil, Cuba, Mexico, United States, and Venezuela. The 1963 edition was the fourth Pan American Games, and was hosted by São Paulo.

1963 Pan American Games
The 1963 Pan American Games, officially known as the IV Pan American Games (Portuguese: IV Jogos Pan-Americanos) and commonly known as São Paulo 1963, were held from April 20 to May 5, 1963, in São Paulo, Brazil.

The organization of the Pan American Games was led by Major Sylvio de Magalhães Padilha, a distinguished Olympic athlete who also served as President of the Brazilian Olympic Committee, Vice President of PanAm Sports (Panamerican Sports Organization), and Vice President of the International Olympic Committee.
ECSC
ECSC may stand for:

European Coal and Steel Community, a forerunner of the European Union

Eastern Colleges Science Conference, an undergraduate research conference in the northeastern United States

Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court, a Caribbean court system established under the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States

East Coast Surfing Championships, one of the United States Surfing Federation's major amateur events

Expedia CruiseShipCenters

European Cybersecurity Challenge, a CTF competition at a European level

Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court
The Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (ECSC) is a superior court of record for the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS), including six independent states: Antigua and Barbuda, the Commonwealth of Dominica, Grenada, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and three British Overseas Territories (Anguilla, British Virgin Islands, and Montserrat). It has unlimited jurisdiction in each member State.
2014 Asian Games opening ceremony
The 2014 Asian Games opening ceremony was held on Friday, 19 September 2014 at the newly built Incheon Asiad Main Stadium. It began at 7:18 pm and ended at 10:20 pm Korea Standard Time (UTC+9). It was directed by two renowned Korean film directors: Im Kwon-taek who directed famous films such as Chunhyang (2000) and Sopyonje (1993) and Jang Jin who directed The Front Line (2011). Entertainer Kim Seong-ju and KBS emcee Yun Su-yeong were the hosts and thr voice overs of the ceremony. The music of the ceremony's artistic performance was performed by Incheon Philharmonic Orchestra.

The Front Line (2011 film)
The Front Line (Korean: 고지전; RR: Gojijeon; also known as Battle of Highlands) is a 2011 South Korean war film directed by Jang Hoon, set during the 1953 ceasefire of the Korean War. This is the third film by director Jang Hoon, after completing Secret Reunion and Rough Cut. It won four Grand Bell Awards, including Best Film. It was selected as South Korea's submission to the 84th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film, but did not make the final shortlist.
Alpine skiing at the 1976 Winter Olympics – Women's giant slalom
The Women's giant slalom competition of the Innsbruck 1976 Olympics was held at Axamer Lizum on Friday, 13 February.

The defending world champion was Fabienne Serrat of France, while Austria's Annemarie Moser-Pröll was the defending World Cup giant slalom champion and Switzerland's Lise-Marie Morerod led the 1976 World Cup.

Fabienne Serrat
Fabienne Serrat (born 5 July 1956) is a former world champion alpine ski racer.
At age 17, Serrat won two gold medals at the 1974 World Championships in St. Moritz, Switzerland, in the giant slalom and the combined events. During her World Cup career she had three victories, 37 podiums, and 124 top ten finishes.
Wolffiella gladiata
Wolffiella gladiata, the Florida mudmidget, is an aquatic plant in the family Araceae. It is one of the smallest flowering plants known, a mere 3–9 mm long. It occurs in quiet waters in the states along the Atlantic and Gulf Coasts of the United States from Texas to New Jersey plus in the states of the Ohio River Valley. Additional specimens have been collected from Massachusetts, Washington, and the Distrito Federal de México.

Araceae
The Araceae are a family of monocotyledonous flowering plants in which flowers are borne on a type of inflorescence called a spadix. The spadix is usually accompanied by, and sometimes partially enclosed in, a spathe (or leaf-like bract). Also known as the arum family, members are often colloquially known as aroids. This family of 114 genera and about 3,750 known species is most diverse in the New World tropics, although also distributed in the Old World tropics and northern temperate regions.
Sacred Harp hymnwriters and composers
The Sacred Harp is a shape note tunebook, originally compiled in 1844 by Benjamin Franklin White and Elisha J. King in Georgia and used to this day in revised form by Sacred Harp singers throughout America and overseas.  This article is a historical overview and listing of the composers and poets who wrote the songs and texts of The Sacred Harp.

Ananias Davisson
Ananias Davisson (February 2, 1780 – October 21, 1857) was a singing school teacher, printer and compiler of shape note tunebooks. He is best known for his 1816 compilation Kentucky Harmony, which is the first Southern shape-note tunebook. According to musicologist George Pullen Jackson, Davisson's compilations are "pioneer repositories of a sort of song that the rural South really liked."
Jovinianism
Jovinianism refers to an anti-ascetic movement that has its origins in the 4th-century theologian Jovinian, who criticized the monastic movement and argued for the equality of marriage and celibacy. Jovinianism was criticized by Saint Augustine and Jerome.

Jovinian
Jovinian (Latin: Iovinianus; died c. 405) was an opponent of Christian asceticism in the 4th century and was condemned as a heretic at synods convened in Rome under Pope Siricius and in Milan by Ambrose in 393 because of his views. Our information about him is derived principally from the work of Jerome in two books, Adversus Jovinianum. Jerome referred to him as the "Epicurus of Christianity". He was a native of Corduene, in present day Turkey. John Henry Newman called Aerius of Sebaste, Jovinian and Vigilantius the forerunners of Protestantism, likening them to the "Luther, Calvin, and Zwingli of the fourth century". Other Protestants also praise Jovinian as an early reformer or even credit him as the "first Protestant". Jovinian's teachings received much popular support in Rome and Milan and his followers Sarmatio and Barbatianus kept preaching his ideas after Jovinian was expelled.
Natolin, Łódź Voivodeship
Natolin [naˈtɔlin] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Nowosolna, within Łódź East County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 12 km (7 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.

Łódź East County
Łódź East County (Polish: powiat łódzki wschodni) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Łódź, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The county consists of areas to the east and south of the city, and contains three towns: Koluszki, which lies 24 km (15 mi) east of Łódź, Tuszyn, 20 km (12 mi) south of Łódź, and Rzgów, 14 km (9 mi) south of Łódź.

The county covers an area of 499.32 square kilometres (192.8 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 64,574, out of which the population of Koluszki is 13,407, that of Tuszyn is 7,178, that of Rzgów is 3,338, and the rural population is 40,651.

Until 2002 the county also included the areas which now form Brzeziny County.
The Reckoning (Grisham novel)
The Reckoning is a best-selling novel by John Grisham. In addition to Grisham's typical legal thriller, the book was also characterized by reviewers as "a murder mystery, a courtroom drama, a family saga, a coming-of-age story," "a period piece", and a war novel.

Family saga
The family saga is a genre of literature which chronicles the lives and doings of a family or a number of related or interconnected families over a period of time. In novels (or sometimes sequences of novels) with a serious intent, this is often a thematic device used to portray particular historical events, changes of social circumstances, or the ebb and flow of fortunes from a multitude of perspectives.

The word saga comes from Old Norse, where it meant "what is said, utterance, oral account, notification" and "(structured) narrative, story (about somebody)", and was originally borrowed into English from Old Norse by scholars in the eighteenth century to refer to the Old Norse prose narratives known as sagas.

The typical family saga follows generations of a family through a period of history in a series of novels. A number of subgenres of the form exist such as the AGA saga.

Successful writers of popular family sagas include Susan Howatch, R. F. Delderfield and Philippa Carr.
1903 in birding and ornithology
Birds described in 1903 include  black-and-cinnamon fantail, Fernando Po batis, grey-eyed bulbul, grey-headed broadbill, Indian yellow-nosed albatross, Mindanao white-eye, mountain peacock-pheasant, pale batis, Sharpe's akalat, Shelley's oliveback, Somali lark, Ursula's sunbird, western fieldwren

Pale batis
The pale batis (Batis soror), also known as the Mozambique batis or East coast batis is a species of small bird in the wattle-eyes family, Platysteiridae. It occurs in eastern Africa, mostly in lowland  miombo woodland.
Avington, Berkshire
Avington is a village in the civil parish of Kintbury, in the West Berkshire district of Berkshire, England. The village is on the River Kennet, just under 1 mile (1.6 km) northwest of Kintbury village and 2 miles (3 km) east of the town of Hungerford. The Kennet and Avon Canal follows the river and passes the village.

Hungerford
Hungerford is a historic market town and civil parish in Berkshire, England, 8 miles (13 km) west of Newbury, 9 miles (14 km) east of Marlborough, and 60 miles (97 km) west of London. The population of the parish at the 2021 census was 5,869.

The Kennet and Avon Canal passes through the town alongside the River Dun, a major tributary of the River Kennet. The confluence with the Kennet is to the north of the centre, whence canal and river both continue east. Hungerford railway station is a minor stop on the Reading to Taunton Line.
Goodloetown
Goodlowtown is a historically African American section of Lexington, Kentucky. It was named for William Cassius Goodloe.

It is located in a bottomland area.

Horse jockey Isaac Burns Murphy was a resident.

38°03′N 84°29′W﻿ / ﻿38.050°N 84.483°W﻿ / 38.050; -84.483

Isaac Burns Murphy
Isaac Burns Murphy (January 6, 1861 – February 16, 1896) was an American Hall of Fame jockey, considered one of the greatest riders in American Thoroughbred horse racing history. He won three runnings of the Kentucky Derby and was the first jockey to be inducted into the National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame at its creation in 1955.