hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lumberton Normal School
Lumberton Normal School was established in Lumberton, North Carolina. It was eventually renamed Whitin Normal School. The school trained teachers for "colored schools".

D. P. Allen taught at the school for about 3 decades as did five of his 9 children who became teachers. By 1882 it was reported the school's name was changed to Whitin Normal School. In 1898 it was reported to have 81 students.

The school closed after Allen's death.

Lumberton, North Carolina
Lumberton is a city in and the county seat of Robeson County, North Carolina, United States. As of 2020, its population was 19,025.

Located in southern North Carolina's Inner Banks region, Lumberton is located on the Lumber River. It was founded in 1787 by John Willis, an officer in the American Revolution. This was developed as a shipping point for lumber used by the Navy, and logs were guided downriver to Georgetown, South Carolina. Most of the town's growth took place after World War II.

David Lynch's 1986 film Blue Velvet was set in Lumberton; however filming took place in Wilmington.
Liu Chenxiang
Liu Chenxiang (Chinese: 刘沉香) is a folk hero and demigod in the Chinese folktale The Magic Lotus Lantern. On the Western Peak of Mount Hua stands the legendary Axe-splitting Rock, a giant stone approximately one hundred feet tall, marked by three distinct cut sections. According to legend, Liu Chenxiang cleaved this rock in his heroic effort to split the mountain and rescue his mother, who was imprisoned within.

Cantonese opera
Cantonese opera is one of the major categories in Chinese opera, originating in southern China's Guangdong Province. It is popular in Guangdong, Guangxi, Hong Kong, Macau and among Chinese communities in Southeast Asia. Like all versions of Chinese opera, it is a traditional Chinese art form, involving music, singing, martial arts, acrobatics, and acting.
Metrorail Eastern Cape
Metrorail Eastern Cape is the name given to the commuter rail services operated by Metrorail, a division of the Passenger Rail Agency of South Africa, in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. There are two lines, one connecting Port Elizabeth, Despatch and Uitenhage, and the other connecting East London, Mdantsane and Berlin.

Unlike the other Metrorail regions, which use electric multiple units, the Eastern Cape services are provided by sets of ten coaches pulled by diesel locomotives.

East London, South Africa
East London (Xhosa: eMonti; Afrikaans: Oos-Londen), officially KuGompo City since February 2026, is a city on the southeastern coast of South Africa, in the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, Eastern Cape Province. The city lies on the Indian Ocean coast, largely between the Buffalo River and the Nahoon River, and hosts the country's only river port. As of 2011, East London had a population of over 267,000 with over 755,000 in the surrounding metropolitan area.
2019 Koser Jewelers Tennis Challenge
The 2019 Koser Jewelers Tennis Challenge was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the thirteenth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2019 ITF Women's World Tennis Tour. It took place in Landisville, Pennsylvania, United States between 5 and 11 August 2019.

Claire Liu
Claire Liu (Chinese: 刘婧文; pinyin: Liú Jìngwén; born May 25, 2000) is an American professional tennis player. On 30 January 2023, she reached her career-high singles ranking of world No. 52.

Liu has won one singles title and one doubles title on the WTA Challenger Tour as well as six titles in singles and one doubles title on the ITF Women's Circuit.

In 2017, she was the world No. 1 in the junior rankings, after winning the Wimbledon girls' singles title, and finishing runner-up at the French Open. Liu also won a junior Grand Slam doubles title at Wimbledon with Usue Arconada in 2016.
Cyanoporina
Cyanoporina is a fungal  genus in the division Ascomycota. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the division is unknown (incertae sedis), and it has not yet been placed with certainty into any class, order, or family. The genus is monospecific, containing the single species Cyanoporina granulosa, a crustose lichen found in West Java, Indonesia.

Class (biology)
In biological taxonomy, class (Latin: classis) is  a taxonomic rank, as well as a taxonomic unit (i.e., a taxon) in that rank. It is a group of related taxonomic orders. Other well-known ranks in descending order of size are domain, kingdom, phylum, order, family, genus, and species, with class ranking between phylum and order.
25th Hong Kong Film Awards
Ceremony for the 25th Hong Kong Film Awards was held on 8 April 2006 in the Hong Kong Coliseum and hosted by Eric Tsang, Teresa Mo and Chapman To. Twenty-five winners in nineteen categories were unveiled, with film Election being the year's biggest winner.

Teresa Mo
Teresa Mo Shun-kwan (born 5 November 1960) is a Hong Kong actress. She won the Hong Kong Film Award for Best Actress for Tomorrow Is Another Day (2017), previously winning Best Supporting Actress for 2 Young (2005).
Stillwater Pond State Park
Stillwater Pond State Park is a public recreation area covering 226 acres (91 ha) in the town of Torrington, Connecticut. The state park surrounds Stillwater Pond, a 100-acre (40 ha) impoundment on the West Branch Naugatuck River. Fishing, boating, and a paved boat ramp are offered.

Naugatuck River
The Naugatuck River is a 40.2-mile-long (64.7 km) river in the U.S. state of Connecticut.  Its waters carve out the Naugatuck River Valley in the western reaches of the state, flowing generally due south and eventually emptying into the Housatonic River at Derby, Connecticut, and thence 11 miles (18 km) to Long Island Sound.  The Plume and Atwood Dam in Thomaston, completed in 1960 following the Great Flood of 1955, creates a reservoir on the river and is the last barrier to salmon and trout migrating up from the sea.
Claude Greff
Claude Greff (French pronunciation: [klod ɡʁɛf]; born 2 June 1954) was a member of the National Assembly of France from 2002 to 2017.  She represented the 2nd constituency of the Indre-et-Loire department, as a member of the Union for a Popular Movement.

Indre-et-Loire's 2nd constituency
The 2nd constituency of Indre-et-Loire is one of five French legislative constituencies in the Indre-et-Loire département.

It consists of the following cantons;
Amboise, Bléré, Château-Renault, Montlouis-sur-Loire, Tours Nord-Est, Vouvray.
Durham Plant-Name Glossary
The Durham Plant-Name Glossary (MS Durham, Cathedral Library, Hunter 100) is a glossary translating Latin and Greek plant-names into Old English/Middle English. It was copied in Durham in the early twelfth century. Its principal sources were Greek-Latin-Old English plant-name glossary whose lemmata come from Dioscorides’s De materia medica, which also contributed lemmata and glosses to the Épinal-Erfurt glossaries, and those entries in the Old English Herbarium which translate Latin plant-names with vernacular plant-names. A text very like the Durham Plant-Name Glossary was one major source of the more extensive Laud Herbal Glossary.

Dioscorides
Pedanius Dioscorides (Ancient Greek: Πεδάνιος Διοσκουρίδης, Pedánios Dioskourídēs; c. 40–90 AD),  "the father of pharmacognosy", was a Greek physician, pharmacologist, botanist, and author of De materia medica (in the original Ancient Greek: Περὶ ὕλης ἰατρικῆς, Peri hulēs iatrikēs, both meaning "On Medical Material"), a 5-volume Greek encyclopedic pharmacopeia on herbal medicine and related medicinal substances, that was widely read for more than 1,500 years. For almost two millennia Dioscorides was regarded as the most prominent writer on plants and plant drugs.
Milwaukee, Here I Come
"Milwaukee, Here I Come" is a song written by Lee Fykes and recorded as a duet by American country singers George Jones and Brenda Carter.  The single, released on the Musicor label, was a hit, reaching #13 on the Billboard country singles chart.  Carter was also signed to Musicor, which is the main reason she was brought in to sing with Jones on the track, and in an interview with Music City News in the summer of 1968, Jones expressed interest in producing the seventeen-year-old Maynardville, Tennessee singer.  However, Jones would soon make several television appearances singing "Milwaukee, Here I Come" with Tammy Wynette, whom he married in 1969.

Porter Wagoner and Dolly Parton also covered the song, including it on their 1969 album Always, Always.

John Prine covered it with Melba Montgomery on his Grammy-nominated 1999 album In Spite of Ourselves.

George Jones
George Glenn Jones (September 12, 1931 – April 26, 2013) was an American country musician, singer, and songwriter. He achieved international fame for a long list of hit records, and is well known for his distinctive voice and phrasing. For the last two decades of his life, Jones is frequently referred to as "the greatest country singer", "The Rolls-Royce of Country Music", and had more than 160 chart singles to his name from 1955 until his death in 2013.

Jones served in the United States Marine Corps and was discharged in 1953. In 1959, Jones recorded "White Lightning", written by The Big Bopper, which launched his career as a singer. Years of alcoholism severely compromised his health and led to his missing many performances, earning him the nickname "No Show Jones". Jones died in 2013, aged 81, from hypoxic respiratory failure.
1st Antiaircraft Artillery Division (People's Republic of China)
The 1st Anti-Aircraft Artillery Division(Chinese: 高射炮第1师) was created on March 12, 1950, from 2nd Garrison Brigade of Henan Military District. The division HQ was set in Wuchang, Hubei province. The division was then composed of:

1st Anti-Aircraft Artillery Regiment, then stationed in Leizhou Peninsula, equipped with Japanese 75-mm AA guns;

2nd Anti-Aircraft Artillery Regiment, then stationed in Peking, equipped with Japanese 75-mm AA guns;

3rd Anti-Aircraft Artillery Regiment, then stationed in Changsha and Guangzhou, equipped with Japanese 75-mm AA guns;

9th Anti-Aircraft Artillery Regiment, then stationed in Shenyang, equipped with Soviet 85-mm and 37-mm AA guns;

Radar Battalion.

From March 15 to 25, 1951, the division was utilized to organize the Air Defense Department, Middle-South Military Region. The division was then disbanded.

Leizhou Peninsula
21°N 110°E﻿ / ﻿21°N 110°E﻿ / 21; 110
The Leizhou Peninsula, alternately romanized as the Luichow Peninsula, is a peninsula in the southernmost part of Guangdong province in South China. As of 2015, the population of the peninsula was 5,694,245. The largest city by population and area on the peninsula is Zhanjiang.
Chemistry: An Asian Journal
Chemistry: An Asian Journal is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that publishes articles on all areas of chemistry and related fields. It is published by Wiley-VCH on behalf of the Asian Chemical Editorial Society.

Wiley-VCH
Wiley-VCH is a German publisher owned by John Wiley & Sons. It was founded in 1921 as Verlag Chemie (meaning "Chemistry Press": VCH stands for Verlag Chemie) by two German learned societies. Later, it was merged into the German Chemical Society (GDCh). In 1991, VCH acquired Akademie Verlag. It has been owned by John Wiley & Sons since 1996. The humanities section of Akademie Verlag and the Akademie brand were sold in 1997 to R. Oldenbourg Verlag, while VCH retained the natural sciences catalog.
Social Democratic Students (Finland)
Social Democratic Students - SONK (Finnish: Sosialidemokraattiset Opiskelijat, abbr. SONK, nicknamed: Demariopiskelijat in Finnish) is a political student organization in Finland founded in 1963. Social Democratic Students is the student organization of the Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP), whose goal is to bring together students to advocate for education, freedom, equality, internationalism, and justice. The aim of Social Democratic Students is to promote everyone’s right to education, employment, and a welfare — without this coming at the expense of other people or the environment.

Internationally, Social Democratic Students is active in umbrella organizations such as the Federation of Nordic Social Democratic Youth (FNSU), the Young European Socialists (YES), and the International Union of Socialist Youth (IUSY). International cooperation plays an important role in the activities of Social Democratic Students.

Freedom
Freedom is the power or right to speak, act, and change as one wants without hindrance or restraint. Freedom is often associated with liberty and autonomy in the sense of "giving oneself one's own laws".

In one definition, something is "free" if it can change and is not constrained in its present state. Physicists and chemists use the word in this sense. In its origin, the English word "freedom" relates etymologically to the word "friend". Philosophy and religion sometimes associate it with free will, as an alternative to determinism or predestination.

In modern liberal nations, freedom is considered a right, especially freedom of speech, freedom of religion, and freedom of the press.
Northfield Parish
Northfield is a geographic parish in Sunbury County, New Brunswick, Canada.

Prior to the 2023 governance reform, for governance purposes it was divided between the village of Minto and the local service district of the parish of Northfield, both of which were members of Capital Region Service Commission (RSC11).

Regional service commission
A regional service commission (RSC) is an administrative entity in the province of New Brunswick, Canada. As the name implies, an RSC administers services on a regional level. RSCs are not incorporated municipal entities and lack direct taxation powers. In 2023, major reforms to New Brunswick's local governance system took effect, with increased RSC responsibilities and some boundary adjustments.
2017 Croatia Open Umag – Singles
Fabio Fognini was the defending champion, but lost in the quarterfinals to lucky loser Andrey Rublev.

Rublev went on to win his first ATP World Tour title, defeating Paolo Lorenzi in the final, 6–4, 6–2. He was the seventh lucky loser in ATP history to win a tour-level title and the first to do so since Rajeev Ram at 2009 Newport.

Attila Balázs
Attila Balázs (Hungarian: [ˈɒtillɒ ˈbɒlaːʒ]; born September 27, 1988) is a Hungarian former professional tennis player. 
He has a career-high singles ATP ranking of No. 76 achieved on 2 March 2020. He is a seven time Hungarian National Tennis Champion; after Béla von Kehrling, József Asbóth and István Gulyás. He is the fourth Hungarian player who was able to win at least 6 consecutive National Championships.
Big Hidatsa Village Site
The Big Hidatsa site, occupied between ca. 1740 and 1850, is an earthlodge located in the 1,758 acre Knife River Indian Villages National Historic Site in North Dakota, United States. This National Historic Site was established in 1974 “to focus on the cultures and lifestyles of the Plains Indians”.

Earth lodge
An earth lodge is a semi-subterranean building covered partially or completely with earth, best known from the Native American cultures of the Great Plains and Eastern Woodlands. Earth lodges are circular, dome-shaped dwellings with heavy timber superstructures covered by thick layers of earth, typically with a central or slightly offset smoke hole at the apex and a tunnel-like entryway. The type emerged in the early 1500s and persisted into the reservation era of the late 19th century. Tribes most frequently associated with earth-lodge architecture include the Mandan, Hidatsa, Arikara, Pawnee, Otoe, Kansa, Omaha, and Ponca, although several other groups also adopted the style. Earth lodges have also been identified archaeologically at Mississippian culture sites in the southeastern United States.

With diameters of up to 60 feet (18 m), historic-period earth lodges were the largest and most complex structures built on the Plains until the 20th century.
Orondo, Washington
Orondo is an unincorporated community in Douglas County, Washington, United States, located alongside the eastern part of the Columbia River. It is part of the Wenatchee–East Wenatchee Metropolitan Statistical Area. The area is well known for its robust agriculture industry, and produce fruits such as apples, cherries and pears. The name was derived from a mythical Great Lake Indian and was first settled in the late 19th century by late Washington politician, John B. Smith.

The Auvil Fruit Company is located in Orondo. With the help of founder Grady Auvil, the company introduced the apple cultivar Granny Smith, thus establishing the M26 root stock and fostering quality production of Fuji Apples in Washington State.

The town supports a U.S. Post Office, an elementary school, and a multitude of fruit stands along U.S. Highway 97.

According to United States Census, the population is estimated to be 1995 with a marginal error of 338 as of 2017.

Fuji (apple)
The Fuji apple (Japanese: ふじ, Hepburn: Fuji) is an apple cultivar developed by growers at the Tōhoku Research Station of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (農林省園芸試験場東北支場, Nōrinshō engei shikenjō Tōhoku-shijō) in Fujisaki, Aomori, Japan, in 1939. It originated as a cross between two American apple varieties—the Red Delicious and Ralls Janet (sometimes called "Rawls Jennet") apples.

The Fuji was named and brought to market in 1962; its name is derived from the first part of the town where it was developed: Fujisaki. Its flavor is sweet and its texture is crisp. It can be used to make apple sauce. According to the US Apple Association website, it is one of the nine most popular apple cultivars in the United States.
History of rail transport in Latvia
The history of rail transport in Latvia began with the construction in 1860 of a railway from Pytalovo to Dinaburg (now Daugavpils), 160 km in length, as part of the Saint Petersburg–Warsaw Railway.

More intensive development of railways in Latvia commenced the following year, 1861, when the 232 km long Riga - Dinaburg railway was opened.  It connected with the Saint Petersburg–Warsaw Railway, and thus joined the Latvian railways with the Russian rail network.  For the rest of the second half of the nineteenth century, the intensive construction of railways continued.  Lines constructed during that period included Dinaburg–Radviliškis, Mitau (now Jelgava)–Muravyovo (Mažeikiai), and others.

From the 1890s, narrow gauge lines (750 mm (2 ft 5+1⁄2 in)) were built to complement the broad gauge lines (1,524 mm (5 ft)).  Most of the narrow-gauge railways were later converted to broad gauge, but then dismantled in the second half of the twentieth century.

Jelgava
Jelgava (pronounced [ˈjælˠɡɐvˠɐ] ⓘ) is a state city in central Latvia. It is located about 41 kilometres (25 miles) southwest of Riga. It is the largest town in the Semigallia region of Latvia. Jelgava was the capital of the united Duchy of Courland and Semigallia (1578–1795) and was the administrative center of the Courland Governorate (1795–1918).

Jelgava is situated on a fertile plain rising only 3.5 metres (11.5 feet) above mean sea level on the right bank of the river Lielupe. At high water, the plain and sometimes the town as well can be flooded. It is a railway center, and is also a host to the Jelgava Air Base. Its importance as a railway centre can be seen by the fact that it lies at the junction of over 6 railway lines connecting Riga to Lithuania, eastern and western Latvia, and Lithuania to the Baltic Sea.
2002 Southern Conference baseball tournament
The 2002 Southern Conference baseball tournament was held at Joseph P. Riley Jr. Park in Charleston, South Carolina, from May 22 through 25. Fourth seeded Georgia Southern won the tournament and earned the Southern Conference's automatic bid to the 2002 NCAA Division I baseball tournament. It was the Eagles third tournament win.

The tournament used a double-elimination format. Only the top eight teams participate, so East Tennessee State, Appalachian State and VMI were not in the field.

Joseph P. Riley Jr. Park
Joseph P. Riley Jr. Park is a baseball stadium located in Charleston, South Carolina. The stadium is named after Charleston's longest-serving mayor, Joseph P. Riley Jr., who was instrumental in its construction.  The stadium replaced College Park.  It was built in 1997 and seats 6,000 people.

Nicknamed "The Joe" by locals, Joseph P. Riley Jr. Park is primarily used for baseball and is the home field of the Charleston RiverDogs baseball team of the Carolina League and The Citadel Bulldogs baseball team, whose campus is located nearby.
Custos Rotulorum of Norfolk
This is a list of people who have served as Custos Rotulorum of Norfolk.

Sir Richard Southwell bef. 1544 – aft. 1547

Sir James Boleyn bef. 1558 – 1561

Sir William Woodhouse bef. 1562 – 1564

Sir Christopher Heydon bef. 1573 – 1579

Sir Drue Drury bef. 1584 – 1617

Sir Philip Wodehouse, 1st Baronet 1617

Thomas Howard, 21st Earl of Arundel 1617–1636

Henry Howard, Lord Maltravers 1636–1646

Interregnum

Sir Philip Wodehouse, 3rd Baronet 1660–1681

Henry Richardson, 3rd Lord Cramond 1681–1689

Henry Howard, 7th Duke of Norfolk 1689–1701

For later custodes rotulorum, see Lord Lieutenant of Norfolk.

Christopher Heydon
Sir Christopher Heydon (14 August 1561 – 1 January 1623) was an English soldier, politician, and writer on astrology, who was a Member of Parliament for Norfolk from 1588 to 1589. He quarrelled with his family over its estates in Norfolk.
2015 Aspria Tennis Cup – Doubles
Guillermo Durán and Máximo González were the defending champions, but the pair were not able to participate this year.
Nikola Mektić and Antonio Šančić won the title, defeating Christian Garin and Juan Carlos Sáez in the final, 6–3, 6–4.

Guillermo Durán
Guillermo Durán (Spanish pronunciation: [ɡiˈʝeɾmo ðuˈɾan]; born 6 June 1988) is an Argentine tennis player, who specializes in doubles. He competes mostly on the ATP Challenger Tour. His highest ATP doubles ranking of world No. 48 was achieved on 23 May 2016 and his highest ATP singles ranking of No. 385 was reached on 2 April 2012.
Leslie Freeman Gates
Leslie Freeman Gates (December 21, 1873 – October 18, 1928) was an American businessman mainly involved in the grain trade who served as a director of the Chicago Board of Trade from 1911 to 1919 and its president from 1919 to 1920.

Lafayette College
Lafayette College is a private liberal arts college in Easton, Pennsylvania, United States. Founded in 1826 by James Madison Porter and other citizens in Easton, the college first held classes in 1832. The founders voted to name the college after the Marquis de Lafayette, a hero of the American Revolution.

Located on College Hill in Easton, the campus overlooks the Delaware River and is situated in the Lehigh Valley, about 70 mi (110 km) west of New York City and 60 mi (97 km) north of Philadelphia. Lafayette enrolls approximately 2,700 undergraduate students and offers programs in the humanities, social sciences, natural sciences, and engineering. The college emphasizes small class sizes and undergraduate research, and it competes in NCAA Division I athletics as a member of the Patriot League. As of 2024, its endowment was valued at over $1 billion.
Pristimantis toftae
Pristimantis toftae is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae.
It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, and Peru.
Its natural habitat is tropical moist lowland forests.
It is threatened by habitat loss.

Strabomantidae
The Strabomantidae, sometimes called cloud forest landfrogs, are a family of frogs native to South America. These frogs lack a free-living larval stage and hatch directly into miniature "froglets". This family includes Pristimantis, the most speciose genus of any vertebrate. Based on molecular dating, the Holoadeninae in particular appears to have originated in the Eocene. The Oligocene-Miocene transition was also found to be important to their biogeographical history. However, the lack of Holoadeninae fossils and limited nucleotide data ambiguates the results, by the authors' admission.