hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1806 Massachusetts gubernatorial election
The 1806 Massachusetts gubernatorial election was held on April 7, 1806, in order to elect the Governor of Massachusetts. Incumbent Federalist Governor of Massachusetts Caleb Strong won re-election in a second rematch against the incumbent Democratic-Republican Attorney General of Massachusetts James Sullivan.

Massachusetts Attorney General
The Massachusetts attorney general is an elected constitutionally defined executive officer of the Massachusetts government. The officeholder is the chief lawyer and law enforcement officer of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The officeholder also acts as an advocate and resource for the Commonwealth and its residents in many areas, including consumer protection, combating fraud and corruption, protecting civil rights, and maintaining economic competition. The current attorney general is Andrea Campbell.
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 55
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 55 (P. Oxy. 55) is a request for payment for the construction of a street, written in Greek. The manuscript was written on papyrus in the form of a sheet. It was discovered by Grenfell and Hunt in 1897 in Oxyrhynchus. The document was written on 7 April 283. It is housed in the Cambridge University Library (MSS Add.4033-4035). The text was published by Grenfell and Hunt in 1898.

The letter is addressed to Aurelius Apollonius. It was written by two joiners, Aurelius Menestheus and Aurelius Nemesianus. The measurements of the fragment are 230 by 158 mm.

Joinery
Joinery is a part of woodworking that involves joining pieces of wood, engineered lumber, or synthetic substitutes (such as laminate), to produce more complex items. Some woodworking joints employ mechanical fasteners, bindings, or adhesives, while others use only wood elements (such as dowels or plain mortise and tenon fittings).

The characteristics of wooden joints—strength, flexibility, toughness, appearance, etc.—derive from the properties of the materials involved and the purpose of the joint. Therefore, different joinery techniques are used to meet differing requirements. For example, the joinery used to construct a house can be different from that used to make cabinetry or furniture, although some concepts overlap. In British English joinery is distinguished from carpentry, which is considered to be a form of structural timber work; in other locales joinery is considered a form of carpentry.
Digha Bridge Halt railway station
Digha Bridge Halt is a small railway station in Patna district, Bihar, India. Its railway station code is DGBH. This halt was constructed 3 km north from Patliputra Junction, near Danapur Bankipur road. It saves time for rail passengers going to Gandhi Maidan at least 1 hour. The distance between the Digha–Sonpur Bridge and this halt is around 2 km. Due to this small but functional railway station many students, government employees and elderly people including patients, get easy access to basic transportation to Patna. AIIMS-Digha Elevated Corridor (Patli Path) is parallel to this halt.

Patna district
Patna district is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar state in eastern India. Patna, the capital of Bihar, is the district headquarters. The Patna district is a part of the Patna division. The Patna district is divided into 6 Subdivisions (Tehsils) i.e. Patna Sadar, Patna City, Barh, Masaurhi, Danapur and Paliganj.

As of 2011, it is the most populous district of Bihar and the fifteenth most populous district in India.

The revenue district of Patna comes under the jurisdiction of a District Collector (District Magistrate). The office of the Patna DM is in the Patna Collectorate.
Op. 80
In music, Op. 80 stands for Opus number 80. Compositions that are assigned this number include:

Beethoven – Choral Fantasy (Beethoven)

Brahms – Academic Festival Overture

Dvořák – String Quartet No. 8

Elgar – The Spirit of England

Fauré – Pelléas et Mélisande

Mendelssohn – String Quartet No. 6

Prokofiev – Violin Sonata No. 1

Reger – Zwölf Stücke, Op. 80

Schumann – Piano Trio No. 2

Sibelius – Violin Sonatina in E major, duo for violin and piano (1915)

Strauss – Die schweigsame Frau

Choral Fantasy (Beethoven)
The Fantasy for piano, vocal soloists, mixed chorus, and orchestra, Op. 80, usually called the Choral Fantasy, was composed in 1808 by then 38-year-old Ludwig van Beethoven.

Beethoven intended the Fantasy to serve as the concluding work for the benefit concert he put on for himself on 22 December 1808; the performers consisted of vocal soloists, mixed chorus, an orchestra, and Beethoven himself as piano soloist. The Fantasy was designed to include all the participants in the program and thus unites all of these musical forces.

The work is noted as a precursor to the later Ninth Symphony.
Aralsor
Aralsor (Kazakh: Аралсор; Russian: Аралсор) is a bittern salt lake group in Bokey Orda  District, West Kazakhstan Region, Kazakhstan.

The lake lies about 80 kilometers (50 mi) to the east of the Russian border, north of the R-97 Highway (Kazakhstan). The road connects Saykyn station of the Volga Railway near lake Botkul with the village of Taipak on the right bank of the Ural River. Salt extraction on an industrial scale is carried out at the lake.

Taipak
Taipak (Kazakh: Тайпақ), until 1996 known as Kalmykovo (Russian: Калмыково) is a village in western Kazakhstan. It is the administrative center of Taipak Rural District (KATO code - 273273100), Akzhaik District in the West Kazakhstan Region. Population: 4,692 (2009 census results); 5,070 (1999 census results). The rural district includes Taipak, Tompak and Shabdarzhap (Шабдаржап), former Kharkino.
Ara Pacis
The Ara Pacis Augustae (Latin, "Altar of Augustan Peace"; commonly shortened to Ara Pacis) is an altar in Rome dedicated to the Pax Romana. The monument was commissioned by the Roman Senate on July 4, 13 BC to honour the return of Augustus to Rome after three years in Hispania and Gaul and consecrated on January 30, 9 BC. Originally located on the northern outskirts of Rome, a Roman mile from the boundary of the pomerium on the west side of the Via Flaminia, the Ara Pacis stood in the northeastern corner of the Campus Martius, the former flood plain of the Tiber River and gradually became buried under 4 metres (13 ft) of silt deposits. It was reassembled in its current location, now the Museum of the Ara Pacis, in 1938, turned 90° counterclockwise from its original orientation so that the original western side now faces south.

Hispania
Hispania was the Roman name for the Iberian Peninsula. Under the Roman Republic, it was divided into two provinces: Hispania Citerior and Hispania Ulterior. During the Roman Empire, under the Principate, Hispania Ulterior was subdivided into Baetica and Lusitania, while Hispania Citerior was reorganized as Hispania Tarraconensis.

Beginning with Diocletian’s Tetrarchy (AD 293), the territory of Tarraconensis was further divided to create the provinces of Carthaginensis and Gallaecia (also called Callaecia, the origin of the name of modern Galicia). All the Hispanic provinces on the mainland, together with the Balearic Islands and the North African province of Mauretania Tingitana, were later organized into the Diocesis Hispaniarum, governed by a vicarius.

The name Hispania was also used in the period of Visigothic rule. The modern place names of Spain and Hispaniola are both derived from Hispania.
Greiz I
Greiz I is an electoral constituency (German: Wahlkreis) represented in the Landtag of Thuringia. It elects one member via first-past-the-post voting. Under the current constituency numbering system, it is designated as constituency 39. It covers the western part of the district of Greiz.

Greiz I was created for the 1994 state election. Since 2024, it has been represented by Martina Schweinsburg of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU).

Landtag of Thuringia
The Landtag of Thuringia is the parliament of the German state of Thuringia. It convenes in Erfurt and currently consists of 88 members from five parties. According to the free state's constitution, the primary functions of the Landtag are to pass laws, elect the Minister-President and control the government of Thuringia.
Dipendra Prasad
Dipendra Prasad (born 1960) is an Indian mathematician.  He is an Emeritus Fellow of mathematics at the Indian Institute of Technology Bombay. He is a number theorist known for his work in the areas of automorphic representations and the Gan–Gross–Prasad conjecture. He was the president of Commission for Developing Countries (CDC) of International Mathematical Union (2018–2022) and of Indian Math Society (2021–2022). Presently, he is the Chairman of the National 
Board of Higher Mathematics (NBHM) in India.

Two of his siblings, Gopal Prasad and Shrawan Kumar, are also mathematicians.

International Mathematical Union
The International Mathematical Union (IMU) is an international organization devoted to international cooperation in the field of mathematics across the world. It is a member of the International Science Council (ISC) and supports the International Congress of Mathematicians (ICM). Its members are national mathematics organizations from more than 80 countries.

The objectives of the International Mathematical Union are: promoting international cooperation in mathematics, supporting and assisting the International Congress of Mathematicians and other international scientific meetings/conferences, acknowledging outstanding research contributions to mathematics through the awarding of scientific prizes, and encouraging and supporting other international mathematical activities, considered likely to contribute to the development of mathematical science in any of its aspects, whether pure, applied, or educational.
Aasaiyil Oru Kaditham
Aasaiyil Oru Kaditham (transl. A Letter With Love) is a 1999 Indian Tamil-language romantic drama film directed by Selva. The film stars Prashanth, Kausalya, Anand, and Chandni alongside an ensemble supporting cast including Vivek, Vijayakumar, Sathyapriya, Rajan P. Dev, and Santhana Bharathi. It is a remake of the Telugu film Snehithulu (1998). The music was composed by Deva with cinematography by K. S. Selvaraj and editing by Venkateswara Rao. The film was released on 17 December 1999.

Selva (director)
Selva (fl. 1990s) is an Indian director active in Tamil film. He often specializes in film remakes and directed a series of hits the 1990s. His first film Thalaivasal launched the career of many. His noted film are Amaravathi, Karnaa, Pooveli, James Pandu, Unnaruge Naan Irundhal, Student Number 1 and Naan Avanillai. He introduced Ajith Kumar through his second film Amaravathi.
Matt Haggarty
Matthew Haggarty (born 8 January 1991) is an English professional rugby league footballer who most recently played for the North Wales Crusaders in the Kingstone Press League 1, as a prop.

He is on a season long loan from St. Helens.

RFL League One
The Rugby Football League's League One (known as the Betfred League One) was the third-highest division of rugby league in Britain. It was also the lowest level of professional rugby league in Britain.

Introduced in 2003 as National League 2 it was the first time British rugby league had a third tier since the old Third and Second Divisions merged  in 1998. The league was rebranded as Championship 1 in 2009, then League 1 in 2015, and League One in 2022.

The league was disbanded at the conclusion of 2025 due to the merger of the Championship and League One for the 2026 season.
Shale Technologies (company)
Shale Technologies, LLC is an American privately held oil shale company with headquarters in Rifle, Colorado.  It is an owner of the proprietary information relating to the Paraho oil shale retorting technologies (Paraho Direct and Paraho Indirect). The Paraho Direct is an American version of a vertical shaft retort similar to the Kiviter and Fushun retorts. This technology is used in the company's pilot plant facility in Rifle.

Rifle, Colorado
Rifle is a home-rule municipality in, and the most populous community of, Garfield County, Colorado, United States. Its population was 10,437 at the 2020 census. Rifle is a regional center of the cattle-ranching industry located along Interstate 70 and the Colorado River just east of the Roan Plateau, which dominates the western skyline of the town. The town was founded in 1882 by Abram Maxfield, and was incorporated in 1905 along Rifle Creek, near its mouth on the Colorado. The community takes its name from the creek.
Charles Howell (British politician)
Charles Alfred Howell OBE (22 October 1905 – 26 October 1974) was a Labour Party politician in the United Kingdom.  He was elected Member of Parliament for Birmingham Perry Barr at the 1955 general election, and served until the 1964 general election when the seat was gained against the national trend by the Conservative candidate Wyndham Davies.

1964 United Kingdom general election
A general election was held in the United Kingdom on Thursday 15 October 1964. It resulted in the Conservatives, led by Prime Minister Alec Douglas-Home, narrowly losing to the Labour Party, led by Harold Wilson; Labour secured a parliamentary majority of four seats and ended its thirteen years in opposition since the 1951 election. At age 47, Wilson became the youngest Prime Minister since Lord Rosebery in 1894.
Polysilazane
In organosilicon chemistry, polysilazanes are polymers in which silicon and nitrogen atoms alternate to form the basic backbone (···−Si−N−Si−N−···). Since each silicon atom is bound to two separate nitrogen atoms and each nitrogen atom to two silicon atoms, both chains and rings of the formula [R2Si−NR]n occur. R can be hydrogen atoms or organic substituents. If all substituents R are hydrogen atoms, the polymer is designated as perhydropolysilazane, polyperhydridosilazane, or inorganic polysilazane ([H2Si−NH]n). If hydrocarbon substituents are bound to the silicon atoms, the polymers are designated as Organopolysilazanes. Molecularly, polysilazanes [R2Si−NH]n are isoelectronic with and close relatives to polysiloxanes [R2Si−O]n (silicones).

Polymer backbone
In polymer science, the polymer chain or simply backbone of a polymer is the main chain of a polymer. Polymers are often classified according to the elements in the main chains. The character of the backbone, i.e. its flexibility, determines the properties of the polymer (such as the glass transition temperature). For example, in polysiloxanes (silicone), the backbone chain is very flexible, which results in a very low glass transition temperature of −123 °C (−189 °F; 150 K). The polymers with rigid backbones are prone to crystallization (e.g. polythiophenes) in thin films and in solution. Crystallization in its turn affects the optical properties of the polymers, its optical band gap and electronic levels.
Sigaus crassicauda
Sigaus crassicauda is a species of alpine grasshopper endemic to New Zealand.  Like all of New Zealand sub-alpine and alpine grasshoppers S. crassicauda has a 2 or 3 years life cycle. The eggs must ‘overwinter’ before they will hatch. Grasshoppers are found throughout the year and adult grasshoppers can be found throughout the New Zealand summer between December and April.  Sigaus crassicauda cannot fly.

Paratype
In zoology and botany, a paratype is a specimen of an organism that helps define what the scientific name of a species and other taxon actually represents, but it is not the holotype (and in botany is also neither an isotype nor a syntype). Often there is more than one paratype. Paratypes are usually held in museum research collections.

The exact meaning of the term paratype when it is used in zoology is not the same as the meaning when it is used in botany. In both cases however, this term is used in conjunction with holotype.
Arrondissement of Guéret
The arrondissement of Guéret is an arrondissement of France in the Creuse department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region. It has 127 communes. Its population is 72,586 (2021), and its area is 2,736.7 km2 (1,056.6 sq mi).

Arrondissements of France
An arrondissement (English: /əˈrɒndɪsmənt/, French: [aʁɔ̃dismɑ̃] ⓘ) is the third level of administrative division in France generally corresponding to the territory overseen by a subprefect. As of 2023, the 101 French departments are divided into 333 arrondissements (including 13 overseas).

The capital of an arrondissement is called a subprefecture. When an arrondissement contains the prefecture (capital) of the department, that prefecture is the capital of the arrondissement, acting both as a prefecture and as a subprefecture. Arrondissements are further divided into communes.

The term arrondissement can be roughly translated into English as district.

Some municipalities in Quebec are divided into arrondissements, reflecting the province’s historical link to New France.
Gustavo Rivera
Gustavo Rivera is the name of:

Gustavo Rivera Baeza (1894–1963), Chilean academic and Liberal politician

Gustavo Rivera (politician) (born 1975), American politician

Gustavo Rivera (soccer) (born 1993), Puerto Rican soccer player

Gustavo Rivera (politician)
Gustavo Rivera (born November 19, 1975) is an American politician. A Democrat, he has represented District 33, covering the Bronx neighborhoods of Kingsbridge Heights, Kingsbridge; Fordham, University Heights; Van Nest, Tremont, East Tremont; North Riverdale and parts of Morrisania and Parkchester; in the New York State Senate since first being elected in 2010.
Lafayette Apartment Building (Washington, D.C.)
The Lafayette Apartment Building is an historic structure located in the Shaw neighborhood in the Northwest Quadrant of Washington, D.C. George S. Cooper  was the architect for this building, which was one of the earliest apartment buildings in Washington.  Built in 1898 it incorporated elements of the Queen Anne style into an affordable middle-class development.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.

Shaw (Washington, D.C.)
Shaw is a neighborhood of Washington, D.C., located in the Northwest quadrant. Shaw is a major entertainment and retail hub, and much of the neighborhood is designated as a historic district, including the smaller Blagden Alley-Naylor Court Historic District.  Shaw and the U Street Corridor have historically been the city's hub for African-American social, cultural, and economic life.
Boris Shteifon
Boris Aleksandrovich Shteifon (Russian: Борис Александрович Штейфон; 6 December 1881 – 30 April 1945) was a Russian lieutenant general in the Imperial Russian Army, who subsequently served as a general in the anti-communist White Army, and as the leader of the Nazi-allied Russian Corps in the German occupied territory of Serbia during World War II in Yugoslavia.

Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia
44°49′N 20°27′E﻿ / ﻿44.817°N 20.450°E﻿ / 44.817; 20.450

The Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia (German: Gebiet des Militärbefehlshabers in Serbien; Serbian: Подручје Војног заповедника у Србији, romanized: Područje vojnog zapovednika u Srbiji) was a German-occupied region of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia during World War II, encompassing modern Serbia and adjacent areas. The Territory was established in April 1941 following the invasion of Yugoslavia by the German Wehrmacht with other Axis powers, and existed throughout the war in Yugoslavia until the German withdrawal in 1944. The Territory was nominally governed by a Serb puppet government under Nazi control. German forces in the Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia committed war crimes in their suppression of Yugoslav Partisan activity and perpetrated the Final Solution in Serbia; the Germans were actively aided by Serbian collaborators.
Feinblatt
Feinblatt is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

John Feinblatt (fl. late 1970s–2011), an American gun control activist, lawyer, and author

Lois Feinblatt (1922–2022), an American nurse and professor

John Feinblatt
John Feinblatt is an American gun control activist, lawyer, and author. He is the president of both Everytown for Gun Safety, a U.S. gun-violence prevention organization, and The Trace, a media outlet funded by Everytown.
Love Story (vs. Finally)
"Love Story (vs. Finally)" (also known as "Love Story") is a song written and released by British duo Layo & Bushwacka!. It was originally released in 2002 under the name "Love Story", charting at number 4 on the US Billboard Hot Dance Club Play Chart. The remix single was released in January 2003 and peaked at number 8 in the United Kingdom, spending one week in the top 10. The song uses samples from Nina Simone's "Rags & Old Iron" and Devo's "Mongoloid". The "Finally" portion of the single is a vocal from the single "Finally" by the American house music project The Kings of Tomorrow featuring Julie McKnight, which reached number 17 on the Billboard Dance Club Songs chart in 2000. The synth hook of the song is sampled in the song "Boladona" by Tati Quebra Barraco.

Tati Quebra Barraco
Tati Quebra-Barraco (birth name: Tatiana dos Santos Lourenço, born 1980 in Rio de Janeiro) is a Brazilian funk mc, whose music consists mostly of Funk Carioca genre. Part of the "new facet" of the Baile genre in Brazil and, having been born in Rio de Janeiro's City of God favela, exemplifies a style of funk carioca or pancadão. Her stage name literally translates into "Tati Shack-Wrecker".
2023–24 Miami RedHawks women's basketball team
The 2023–24 Miami RedHawks women's basketball team represented Miami University during the 2023–24 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The RedHawks, led by first-year head coach Glenn Box, played their home games at Millett Hall in Oxford, Ohio as members of the Mid-American Conference (MAC).

The RedHawks finished the season 8–17, 5–9 in MAC play, to finish in a tie for ninth place. They failed to qualify for the MAC tournament, as only the top eight teams qualify.

2023–24 Mid-American Conference women's basketball season
The 2023–24 Mid-American Conference women's basketball season was the season for Mid-American Conference women's basketball teams. It began with practices in October 2023, followed by the start of the 2023–24 NCAA Division I women's basketball season in November. Conference play began in January 2024 and concluded in March 2024. The 2024 MAC tournament was held at Rocket Mortgage FieldHouse in Cleveland, Ohio for the 24th consecutive season.

Toledo won the regular season championship with a 17–1 record Sophia Wiard of Toledo won player of the year. In the 2024 MAC women's basketball tournament, Kent State defeated Northern Illinois, Ball State, and Buffalo to win their fourth MAC tournament title and first since 2002, and advance to the 2024 NCAA tournament. Katie Shumate was the tournament MVP.
2013–14 Eerste Klasse
The 2013–14 Eerste Klasse season was the fourth edition of the Dutch fifth tier since the Topklasse was formed as the third tier in 2010.

A total 84 teams participated in the league. As usual, the competition was divided into eleven divisions: five divisions play on Saturdays and six divisions play on Sundays.

The champion of each division was directly promoted to the 2014–15 Hoofdklasse. Saturday champions were:

FC Breukelen

FC Rijnvogels

VV Spijkenisse

DFS Opheusden

SV Urk

Sunday champions were:

JOS Watergraafsmeer

Magreb '90

VC Vlissingen

TOP Oss

FC Presikhaaf

Achilles 1894

SVA Papendorp
Sport Vereniging Atlas Papendorp, simply known as SVA Papendorp, was a Dutch football club based in Utrecht. Founded in 1990 as Magreb '90, the club played at Sportpark Papendorp, in the industry park of the same name.