hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Polish underground press
The Polish underground press, devoted to prohibited materials (sl. Polish: bibuła [biˈbu.wa] ⓘ, lit. semitransparent blotting paper or, alternatively, Polish: drugi obieg [ˈdru.ɡi ˈɔ.bjɛk], lit. second circulation), has a long history of combatting censorship of oppressive regimes in Poland. It existed throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, including under foreign occupation of the country, as well as during the totalitarian rule of the pro-Soviet government. Throughout the Eastern Bloc, bibuła published until the collapse of communism was known also as samizdat (see below).

Opposition (politics)
In politics, the opposition comprises one or more political parties or other organized groups that are opposed to the government, party or group in political control of a city, region, state, country or other political body.

The degree of opposition varies according to political conditions. For example, in authoritarian and democratic systems, opposition may be respectively repressed or desired. Members of an opposition generally serve as antagonists to the other parties. Political opposition is generally considered a key aspect of democracy, as the opposition restrains the incumbent government and seeks to enlarge the rights available to those out of power. According to Seymour Martin Lipset, "over time, in both new and revived democracies, conflict between the governing and opposition parties helps establish democratic norms and rules."
Workers' Revolutionary Party–Revolutionary Left
The Workers' Revolutionary Party–Revolutionary Left (Spanish language: Partido Revolucionario de los Trabajadores–Izquierda Revolucionaria. PRT–IR) was a Spanish Trotskyist political organization, formed in the summer of 2002 as a result of the merger of the Workers' Revolutionary Party (PRT) and the Revolutionary Left (IR). Organizing the struggle for socialism was the main goal of the formation. It was the official section in Spain of the International Workers' League - Fourth International (IWL).

United Left (Spain)
United Left (Spanish: Izquierda Unida [iθˈkjeɾðawˈniða], IU) is a federative political movement in Spain that was first organized as a coalition in 1986, bringing together several left-wing political organizations, grouped primarily around the Communist Party of Spain.

IU was founded as an electoral coalition of seven parties, but the Communist Party of Spain (PCE) is the only remaining integrated member of the IU at the national level. Despite that, IU brings together other regional parties, political organizations, and independents. It currently takes the form of a permanent federation of parties.

IU took part in the Unidas Podemos coalition and the corresponding parliamentary group in the Congreso de los Diputados between 2016 and 2023. Since January 2020, it participated for the first time in a national coalition government, with one minister. For the 2023 general election, IU took part in the Sumar platform.
A1010 road
51°35′51″N 0°04′13″W﻿ / ﻿51.5976°N 0.0704°W﻿ / 51.5976; -0.0704

The A1010 is a road running through north London from Bruce Grove in Tottenham to Waltham Cross. It also used to continue north through Cheshunt to Turnford. The road parallels the A10 Great Cambridge Road to its west.

North London
North London is the northern part of London, England, north of the River Thames and the City of London. It extends from Clerkenwell and Finsbury, on the edge of the City of London financial district, to Greater London's boundary with Hertfordshire. The term is occasionally used in reference to all of London north of the River Thames.

The term differentiates the area from South London, East London and West London. Some parts of North London are also part of Central London.
Raymond Lapin
Raymond H. Lapin (13 February 1919 – 2 April 1986) was an American mortgage banking executive known as the father of the secondary mortgage market. He served under President Lyndon B. Johnson as creator and first president of the Government National Mortgage Association (GINNIE MAE) and the Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae) from 1967 to 1969.

Lapin earned his bachelor's degree from University of California at Berkeley in 1942 and MBA from University of Chicago in 1954. He founded Bankers Mortgage Co. in 1954, which was sold to Transamerica Corporation in 1963.

Because of his connections with Johnson, he made the master list of Nixon political opponents.

Lapin died of complications from heart disease at Marin General Hospital in Greenbrae, California.

Greenbrae, California
Greenbrae is a small unincorporated community  in Marin County, California. It is located 1.5 miles (2 km) south-southeast of downtown San Rafael, at an elevation of 33 feet (10 m), and adjacent to U.S. Route 101 at the opening of the Ross Valley. Part of Greenbrae is an unincorporated community of the county while the remaining area is inside the city limits of Larkspur. The ZIP code is 94904, and is shared with the neighboring Census-designated place (CDP) of Kentfield. The community is in area codes 415 and 628.
Cosmopterix margaritae
Cosmopterix margaritae is a moth of the family Cosmopterigidae. It is found from the island of Kyushu in Japan and from Taiwan.

The length of the forewings is 3.6–4 mm. Adults have been recorded on wing in July and November.

The larvae feed on Digitalia adscendens and Paspalum conjugatum.

Cosmopterigidae
The Cosmopterigidae  are a family of insects (cosmet moths) in the order Lepidoptera. These are small moths with narrow wings whose tiny larvae feed internally on the leaves, seeds and stems of their host plants. About 1500 species have been described. The taxonomic family is most diverse in the Australian and Pacific region with about 780 species.

Several genera formerly included here have been moved to the Agonoxeninae.
Nicholas Sutton (MP)
Nicholas Sutton (by 1465-1532/33), of Rye, Sussex, was an English Member of Parliament.

He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Rye in 1497, 1510, 1512, 1515 and 1529. He was Mayor of Rye 1509–11, 1516–17, 1519–20, July–August 1529 and 1531–2.

Rye (UK Parliament constituency)
Rye was a parliamentary constituency centred on the town of Rye in East Sussex. It returned two Members of Parliament to the Parliament of England before 1707, Parliament of Great Britain until 1801 and the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom until its representation was halved under the Reform Act 1832.

From the 1832 general election, Rye returned one Member of Parliament until its abolition for the 1950 general election, when the town of Rye itself was transferred to the redrawn Hastings constituency.

The constituency was re-created for the 1955 general election, and abolished again for the 1983 general election when it was largely replaced by the Bexhill and Battle parliamentary constituency.
Electoral district of Eastern Suburbs (Victoria)
Electoral district of Eastern Suburbs was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of Victoria. 
It included the eastern Melbourne suburbs of Kew, Camberwell, Balwyn, Hartwell, Caulfield East and Malvern East.

The district was created after the Electoral district of Boroondara, which included some of the same area, was abolished in 1889.

Caulfield East
Caulfield East is an inner suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 10 km south-east of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the City of Glen Eira local government area. Caulfield East recorded a population of 1,293 at the 2021 census.

The suburb contains landmarks such as the Caulfield Racecourse, Caulfield railway station, the Caulfield Campus of Monash University and Glen Eira College. The suburb is bounded by Booran Road and Kambrook Road to the west, Dandenong Road to the north, Grange Road to the east and Neerim Road to the south.
Cape Caution
Cape Caution is a headland along the Central Coast of the Canadian Province of British Columbia. It is the point where Queen Charlotte Strait meets Queen Charlotte Sound, as well as where Mount Waddington Regional District meets Central Coast Regional District.

Headland
A headland, also known as a head, is a coastal landform, a point of land usually high and often with a sheer drop, that extends into a body of water. It is a type of promontory. A headland of considerable size often is called a cape. Headlands are characterised by high, breaking waves, rocky shores, intense erosion, and steep sea cliff.

Headlands and bays are often found on the same coastline. A bay is flanked by land on three sides, whereas a headland is flanked by water on three sides. Headlands and bays form on discordant coastlines, where bands of rock of alternating resistance run perpendicular to the coast. Bays form when weak (less resistant) rocks (such as sands and clays) are eroded, leaving bands of stronger (more resistant) rocks (such as chalk, limestone, and granite) forming a headland, or peninsula. Through the deposition of sediment within the bay and the erosion of the headlands, coastlines eventually straighten out, then start the same process all over again.
Alesha's Street Dance Stars
Alesha's Street Dance Stars is a competition aired on the CBBC Channel and presented by Alesha Dixon. The judges in Series 1 were Turbo, Kenrick Sandy and Lizzie Gough. In Series 2, Sandy was replaced with Dwayne Nosworthy and Suzette  Brissett. In Series 3, Brissett was replaced with Kymberlee Jay.  Dance crews of young street dancers compete in a series of auditions, rounds and finals with one crew winning both the title of Alesha's Street Dance Stars and a money-cannot-buy-prize. The first series aired from 22 August 2011 to 2 September 2011. The second series began airing on 20 August 2012.

CBBC
CBBC (short for Children's BBC) is a British free-to-air public broadcast children's television channel owned and operated by the BBC. It is also the brand used for all BBC content for children aged from 6 to 12. Its sister channel, CBeebies, is aimed at children aged 6 and under. It broadcasts every day from 7:00 am to 7:00 pm, timesharing with BBC Three.
Green Lake (Cariboo)
Green Lake is a lake in the South Cariboo region of British Columbia, Canada, located east of 70 Mile House.  The lake is a popular recreational residential area frequented by owners from the Lower Mainland.  Several locations around the lake are part of Green Lake Provincial Park.

Lower Mainland
The Lower Mainland is a geographic and cultural region of the mainland coast of the Canadian province of British Columbia that generally comprises the regional districts of Metro Vancouver and the Fraser Valley. Home to approximately 3.05 million people as of the 2021 Canadian census, the Lower Mainland contains sixteen of the province's 30 most populous municipalities and approximately 60% of the province's total population.

The region was historically occupied by the Sto:lo, a Halkomelem-speaking people of the Coast Salish linguistic and cultural grouping.
South Dakota Highway 271
South Dakota Highway 271 (SD 271) is a 25.010-mile-long (40.250 km) state highway in the north-central part of the U.S. state of South Dakota. It connects portions of northeast Walworth County with the northeastern part of Campbell County.

It consists of two disconnected segments. The southern segment extends from U.S. Route 12 (US 12) south of Java to a rural intersection at the Walworth–Campbell county line, northeast of Selby. The northern segment begins at an intersection with SD 10 west of Eureka and ends at an intersection with 102nd Street at the North Dakota state line. Here, the roadway continues as 26th Avenue SE.

The northern segment was previously SD 105 prior to the mid-1970s.

South Dakota Highway 105
South Dakota Highway 105 (SD 105) was a state highway located entirely in Union County, in the eastern part of the U.S. state of South Dakota. It traveled from Military Road in North Sioux City to Interstate 29 (I-29) in Jefferson. It was an alternate route to I-29.
Kevin David Petersen
Kevin David Petersen (born December 14, 1964) is an American small business owner and Republican politician from Waupaca County, Wisconsin.  He is the speaker pro tempore of the Wisconsin State Assembly, since 2023, and has served in the Assembly since 2007.  He represents Wisconsin's 57th Assembly district since 2025 and previously represented the 40th Assembly district from 2007 to 2025.

Waupaca County, Wisconsin
Waupaca County (/wəˈpækə/ ⓘ wə-PAK-ə) is a county  in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 51,812. The county seat is Waupaca. The county was created in 1851 and organized in 1853. It is named after the Waupaca River, a Menominee language name meaning "place of tomorrow seen clearly."
Luís Wittnich Carrisso
Luís Wittnich Carrisso (14 February 1886 – 14 June 1937) was a Portuguese botanist, professor at the University of Coimbra.

Carrisso was born in Figueira da Foz. He attended the Faculty of Philosophy of University of Coimbra (1904-1910). After graduating he became a student of botanist Julio Augusto Henriques. Carrisso took interest in evolution and heredity and presented his PhD thesis Hereditariedade in 1911. He published scientific work on ecology and plant systematics.

In 1918, he became Professor of Botany at University of Coimbra's Botanical Garden. He was a supporter of Charles Darwin's theory of evolution but was skeptical of the role of natural selection. He embraced mutationism.

He died on 6 June 1937 in the Namib desert (Moçâmedes), in Angola, of cardiac syncope, during his third botanical expedition to that country. A monument was erected at the site in his memory.

Moçâmedes Desert
The Moçâmedes Desert is a desert located in the deep southwest of Angola, near the border with Namibia. The desert forms the northern tip of the Namib Desert. From the Atlantic Ocean in the west, the desert gradually rises to a semiarid plain where African ironwood trees grow. Few people live in the desert; communities are found mainly in small fishing towns on the coast. The unique tumboa (Welwitschia mirabilis), a desert plant with a short, wide trunk and two gigantic leaves that can survive for a century, is endemic to the desert. Little water is present in the desert surface.
Baojun 310
The Baojun 310 is a subcompact car produced by SAIC-GM-Wuling through the Baojun brand. It is currently one of China's lowest priced cars with an official list price of around 37800 RMB (~US$5,900) for 1.2L 5MT and 51800 RMB for 1.5L 5AT (~US$8,100).

SAIC-GM-Wuling
SAIC-GM-Wuling Automobile  Co., Ltd. (Chinese: 上汽通用五菱汽车股份有限公司, abbreviated as SGMW) is a joint venture between SAIC Motor, General Motors, and Guangxi Auto (previously Wuling Group). Based in Liuzhou, Guangxi in southwestern China, it produces passenger and commercial vehicles sold in China under the Wuling and Baojun brands.

Founded in 2002, SGMW became well known for manufacturing microvans, which are especially popular in China's less affluent regions. Since 2017, SGMW has operated a manufacturing and sales subsidiary in Indonesia, known as SGMW Motor Indonesia. The company also manufactures vehicles in China for export under the Chevrolet brand for General Motors.

Both SGMW and Liuzhou Wuling Automobile Industry Co. Ltd. use the Wuling brand name and the five-diamond "W" logo.
Castilla (Vino de la Tierra)
Castilla is a Spanish geographical indication for Vino de la Tierra wines located in the autonomous region of Castilla-La Mancha. Vino de la Tierra is one step below the mainstream Denominación de Origen indication on the Spanish wine quality ladder.

The area covered by this geographical indication comprises all the municipalities in Castilla-La Mancha.

It acquired its Vino de la Tierra status in 1999.

Macabeo
Macabeo, also called Viura or Macabeu (Catalan: [məkəˈβew], French: [makabø]), is a white variety of wine grape.

It is widely grown in the Rioja region of northeastern Spain, the Cava producing areas south of Barcelona, and the Languedoc-Roussillon region of France. Spanish plantations stood at nearly 45,000 hectares (110,000 acres) in 2015, making it the second most grown white grape variety in Spain. In France, plantations accounted for 2,800 hectares (6,900 acres) in 2007.
Since 2009, some Macabeo is grown in Israel.
Woman's Relief Corps
The Woman's Relief Corps (WRC) is a charitable organization in the United States, originally founded as the official women's auxiliary to the Grand Army of the Republic (GAR) in 1883. The organization was designed to assist the GAR and provide post-war relief to Union veterans. The GAR had been created as a "fraternal" organization and refused to allow women to join up until the creation of this auxiliary. It is largely dedicated to historical preservation of research and official documentation related to the WRC and GAR.

Historic preservation
Historic preservation (US), built heritage preservation or built heritage conservation (UK) is an endeavor that seeks to preserve, conserve and protect buildings, objects, landscapes or other artifacts of historical significance. It is a philosophical concept that became popular in the twentieth century, which maintains that cities as products of centuries' development should be obligated to protect their patrimonial legacy. The term refers specifically to the preservation of the built environment, and not to preservation of, for example, primeval forests or wilderness.
Kirt Niedrigh
Kirt Niedrigh is a fictional character, a semi-reformed supervillain, and former antihero in the DC Comics Universe. Created by Cary Bates and Mike Grell, Niedrigh is a former hopeful for the Legion of Super-Heroes under the guise of Absorbancy Boy. After being rejected from the team, years later he resurfaced as Earth-Man leading a group of supervillains calling themselves the "Justice League of Earth", which help to enforce a xenophobic agenda that Earth has adopted. He first appears in Superboy and the Legion of Super-Heroes #218 (July 1976), and reappeared as Earth-Man in Action Comics #858 (December 2007), the first part of the "Superman and the Legion of Super-Heroes" story arc.

Action Comics
Action Comics is an American comic book/magazine series that introduced Superman, one of the first major superhero characters. The publisher was originally known as Detective Comics Inc., which later merged into National Comics Publications (later National Periodical Publications), before taking on its current name of DC Comics. Its original incarnation ran from 1938 to 2011 and stands as one of the longest-running comic books with consecutively numbered issues. The second volume of Action Comics beginning with issue #1 ran from 2011 to 2016. Action Comics returned to its original numbering beginning with issue #957 (Aug. 2016).
Excel Entertainment
Excel Entertainment is an Indian production company, founded by Ritesh Sidhwani and Farhan Akhtar in Mumbai in 1999. They mainly produce Hindi films.

Their debut production, Dil Chahta Hai, received critical acclaim and was a huge rage for the youth at that time. They won National Film Awards for both Dil Chahta Hai and Rock On!!. With productions such as Don, Zindagi Na Milegi Dobara, Fukrey, Dil Dhadakne Do, and Raees, they are known for presenting unique characters and a contemporary style of cinema. Gully Boy was also India's official entry to the 92nd Academy Awards.

Excel Entertainment also ventured into distribution and distributed the Hindi dubbed versions of the 2018 Indian Kannada-language period action thriller, K.G.F: Chapter 1, and its sequel, K.G.F: Chapter 2, both starring Yash. They also distributed the 2019 Telugu epic period film, Sye Raa Narasimha Reddy, starring Chiranjeevi.

National Film Awards
The National Film Awards are awards for artistic and technical merit given for excellence within the Indian film industry. Established in 1954, it has been administered, along with the International Film Festival of India and the Indian Panorama, by the Indian government's Directorate of Film Festivals from 1973 until 2020, and by the NFDC since 2021.

Every year, a national panel appointed by the government selects the winning entry, and the award ceremony is held in New Delhi, where the President of India presents the awards. This is followed by the inauguration of the National Film Festival, where award-winning films are screened for the public. Declared for films produced in the previous year across the country, they hold the distinction of awarding merit to the best of Indian cinema overall, as well as presenting awards for the best films in each region and language of the country.
Liminha (musician)
Arnolpho Lima Filho (born 5 May 1951 in São Paulo), known as Liminha, is a Brazilian musician and producer. He started his career as the bassist of "Os Baobás", and was called in 1970 to tour with Os Mutantes, becoming an official member later. In 1974, he left the group to start his producing career.

He produced albums of artists such as Ritchie, Gilberto Gil (he produced his Grammy Award winner album Eletroacústico), Os Paralamas do Sucesso, Kid Abelha, Ultraje a Rigor, Elis Regina, Barão Vermelho, Titãs, Raul Seixas, Guilherme Arantes, Gabriel, O Pensador, Belchior, Daniela Mercury, Ed Motta, João Gilberto, Luiz Melodia, Chico Science & Nação Zumbi, Fernanda Abreu, Lulu Santos, Oswaldo Montenegro, As Frenéticas, O Rappa, Jorge Ben Jor and Forfun. He co-wrote the song "Vamos Fugir" with Gilberto Gil, which was later covered by Skank.

Gabriel o Pensador
Gabriel Contino (born March 4, 1974), better known as Gabriel o Pensador (Portuguese for "Gabriel the Thinker") is a Brazilian rapper, writer, and composer known for his conscious lyrics which speak of activism, and issues of race, politics, social problems, and the Catholic church. Gabriel began his music career when he launched a demo tape containing the song  "Tô Feliz (Matei o Presidente)" I'm Happy (I killed the President) landing him a contract with Sony Music. Since then he has released eight albums: Ainda É Só o Começo, Quebra-Cabeça, Nádegas a Declarar, Gabriel o Pensador, Seja Você Mesmo (mas não Seja sempre o Mesmo), MTV ao Vivo, Cavaleiro Andante and Sem Crise (this last one was released independently). Gabriel has also written three books: Diário Noturno, Um Garoto Chamado Rorbeto and Meu Pequeno Rubro-Negro. Um Garoto Chamado Rorbeto won the Prêmio Jabuti, for best Children's literature.
No quarter
No quarter, during military conflict or piracy, implies that combatants would not be taken prisoner, but executed. Since the Hague Convention of 1899, it is considered a war crime; it is also prohibited in customary international law and by the Rome Statute. Article 23 of the Hague Convention of 1907 states that "it is especially forbidden [...] to declare that no quarter will be given".

Safe conduct
Safe conduct, safe passage, or letters of transit, is the situation in time of international conflict or war where one state, a party to such conflict, issues to a person (usually, an enemy state's subject) a pass or document to allow the enemy alien to traverse its territory without harassment, bodily harm, or fear of death.
Toku (TV channel)
Toku (stylized in all capital letters) is an American pay television channel and streaming service owned by Olympusat and dedicated to broadcasting anime and East Asian programming.

It was launched on December 31, 2015, replacing Funimation Channel, after Funimation ended their partnership with Olympusat. Tristan Leostar is the content aggregator for the channel.

Consolidated Communications
Consolidated Communications Holdings, Inc., is an American broadband and business communications provider headquartered in Mattoon, Illinois. With 36,000 fiber route miles, it is a top ten fiber provider in the U.S., serving customers in 23 states.

The company provides data, internet, voice, managed and hosted, cloud and IT services to business customers, and internet, TV, phone, and home security services to residential customers. It began trading on the NASDAQ under ticker symbol CNSL in 2005.