hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
History of the Republic of Venice
The Republic of Venice (Venetian: Repùblega Vèneta; Italian: Repubblica di Venezia) was a sovereign state and maritime republic in Northeast Italy, which existed for a millennium between the 8th century and 1797.

It was based in the lagoon communities of the historically prosperous city of Venice, and was a leading European economic and trading power during the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, the most successful of Italy's maritime republics. By the late Middle Ages, it held significant territories in the mainland of northern Italy, known as the Domini di Terraferma, along with most of the Dalmatian coast on the other side of the Adriatic Sea, and Crete and numerous small colonies around the Mediterranean Sea, together known as the Stato da Màr.

A slow political and economic decline had begun by around 1500, and by the 18th century the city of Venice largely depended on the tourist trade, as it still does, and the Stato da Màr was largely lost.

Friuli
Friuli (Italian: [friˈuːli]; Friulian: Friûl [fɾiˈuːl] ⓘ; Venetian: Friul or Friułi; Slovene: Furlanija; Austrian German: Friaul) is a historical region of northeast Italy. The region is marked by its separate regional and ethnic identity predominantly tied to the Friulians, who speak the Friulian language. It comprises the major part of the autonomous region Friuli-Venezia Giulia, i.e. the administrative provinces of Udine, Pordenone, and Gorizia, excluding Trieste.
Arkansas Highway 199
Highway 199 (AR 199, Ark. 199, and Hwy. 199) is a north–south state highway in Southeast Arkansas. The route begins at US Highway 425 (US 425) at Terry and runs north 6.79 miles (10.93 km) to US 65 at Linwood. The route is maintained by the Arkansas Department of Transportation (ArDOT).

U.S. Route 425
U.S. Route 425 (US 425) is a north–south United States highway that travels in the U.S. states of Mississippi, Louisiana, and Arkansas. It was first commissioned in 1989.

The route's northern terminus is in Pine Bluff, Arkansas, at an interchange with Interstate 530/U.S. Route 63/U.S. Route 65/U.S. Route 79/US 65B/AR 190. Until 2005, its southern terminus was in Bastrop, Louisiana, at an intersection with U.S. Route 165. In 2005, it was extended to Natchez, Mississippi, at an intersection with U.S. Route 61.

US 425 is a consolidation of former state highways. Most of US 425 in Louisiana, for example, is merely a concurrency with Louisiana Highway 15 (LA 15).
Gospel Church, Guanghan
Gospel Church is a Protestant church situated on Dabei Upper Street, in the county-level city of Guanghan, Deyang, Sichuan Province. Founded in 1902, it was formerly an Anglican church in the West Szechwan Diocese of the Church in China. It has been subjected to the control of the state-sanctioned Three-Self Patriotic Church since 1954. In 2003, a new church was built on Shuyuan Street, and renamed Grace Church.

Protestantism in Sichuan
The Protestant mission began in the southwestern Chinese province of Sichuan in 1877, when premises were rented by the China Inland Mission in Chungking. However, compared with Catholicism, which had been spread throughout the province for over two centuries at the time, it grew rather slowly, it was not until the late 1980s that Protestantism experienced rapid growth. The two largest denominations in the province before 1950 were Anglicanism and Methodism.
Piston-cylinder apparatus
The piston-cylinder apparatus is a solid media device, used in Geosciences and Material Sciences, for generating simultaneously high pressure (up to 6 GPa) and temperature (up to 1700 °C). Modifications of the normal set-up can push these limits to even higher pressures and temperatures. A particular type of piston-cylinder, called Griggs apparatus, is also able to add a deviatoric stress on the sample.

The principle of the instrument is to generate pressure by compressing a sample assembly, which includes a resistance furnace, inside a pressure vessel. Controlled high temperature is generated by applying a regulated voltage to the furnace and monitoring the temperature with a thermocouple. The pressure vessel is a cylinder that is closed at one end by a rigid plate with a small hole for the thermocouple to pass through. A piston is advanced into the cylinder at the other hand.

Heat
In thermodynamics, heat is defined as the form of energy crossing the boundary of a thermodynamic system by virtue of a temperature difference across the boundary. A thermodynamic system does not contain heat. Nevertheless, the term is also often used to refer to the thermal energy contained in a system as a component of its internal energy and that is reflected in the temperature of the system.

Calorimetry is measurement of heat by its effect on the states of interacting bodies, for example, by the amount of ice melted or by change in temperature of a body.

In the International System of Units (SI), the unit of measurement for heat is the joule (J).
Newbury, Massachusetts
Newbury is a town in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 6,716 at the 2020 census. Newbury includes the villages of Old Town (Newbury Center), Plum Island and Byfield.  Each village is a precinct with its own voting district, various town offices, and business center.

Merrimack River
The Merrimack River (or Merrimac River, an occasional earlier spelling) is a 117-mile-long (188 km) river in the northeastern United States. It rises at the confluence of the Pemigewasset and Winnipesaukee rivers in Franklin, New Hampshire, flows southward into Massachusetts, and then flows northeast until it empties into the Gulf of Maine at Newburyport. From Pawtucket Falls in Lowell, Massachusetts, onward, the Massachusetts–New Hampshire border is roughly calculated as the line three miles north of the river.

The Merrimack is an important regional focus in both New Hampshire and Massachusetts. The central-southern part of New Hampshire and most of northeast Massachusetts is known as the Merrimack Valley.

Several U.S. naval ships have been named USS Merrimack and USS Merrimac in honor of this river. The river is also known for the early American literary classic A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers by Henry David Thoreau.
Robert Nichol Wilson
Robert Nichol Wilson, known as R. N. Wilson, was a unionist politician in Northern Ireland.

Wilson studied at Malvern College and served in the Royal Artillery during World War II.  After the war, he became a director of a textile company and joined the Ulster Unionist Party.  He was elected in the 1945 Northern Ireland general election in Mid Antrim, holding the seat until he retired in 1953 without ever facing an opponent.  From 1948 to 1950, he was the Chairman of Ways and Means and Deputy Speaker of the Northern Ireland House of Commons.

Mid Antrim (Northern Ireland Parliament constituency)
54°54′40″N 6°08′49″W﻿ / ﻿54.911°N 6.147°W﻿ / 54.911; -6.147

Mid Antrim was a constituency of the Northern Ireland House of Commons.

The House of Commons (Method of Voting and Redistribution of Seats) Act (Northern Ireland), 1929 introduced first-past-the-post elections for 48 single-member constituencies (including Antrim Mid).

It was a single-member division of County Antrim represented in the Parliament of Northern Ireland. Before 1929, it was part of the seven-member Antrim constituency. The constituency sent one MP to the House of Commons of Northern Ireland from 1929 until the Parliament was temporarily suspended in 1972, and then formally abolished in 1973.

In terms of the then local government areas the constituency in 1929 comprised parts of the rural districts of Ballymena, Ballymoney and Larne. The division also included the whole of the urban district of Ballymena.
Robinstown, County Meath
Robinstown (Irish: Baile Roibín), in the townland of Balbradagh (Irish: An Baile Bradach), is a village in County Meath, Ireland.

As of the 2016 census, the village (known for census purposes as Balbradagh) had a population of 374 people. The local national (primary) school, Robinstown National School, had an enrollment of over 180 pupils as of 2014.

Robinstown Roman Catholic church (built c. 1970) is in the parish of Dunderry, and is listed on the Record of Protected Structures for County Meath. Archaeological sites in the area include a ringfort site to the west of the village in Balbradagh townland.

Conservation in the Republic of Ireland
Conservation in the Republic of Ireland is overseen by a number of statutory and non-governmental agencies, including those with responsibility for conservation of the built environment and conservation of the natural environment in Ireland. Conservation has sometimes been a contentious issue, with debates impacting its progress since the 1960s. Concrete initiatives are sometimes driven by European Union (EU) heritage protection and environmental policies, including EU environmental law, which – as a member – the Irish government is obliged to adopt and implement.
South Ossetia national football team
The South Ossetia National Football Team is the national team of South Ossetia. They are not affiliated with FIFA or UEFA and therefore cannot compete for the FIFA World Cup or the UEFA European Championship. South Ossetia made its debut against Abkhazia in Sukhumi on 23 September 2013 where they suffered a 3–0 defeat.

South Ossetia competed at the first ConIFA World Football Cup in 2014 finishing in fourth place overall and won the 2019 ConIFA European championship.

CONIFA European Football Cup
The CONIFA European Football Cup is an international football tournament organized by CONIFA, an umbrella association for states, minorities, stateless peoples and regions unaffiliated with FIFA, planned to be held every two years beginning with 2015. The 2017 edition was in Northern Cyprus.
Carl Doehling
Carl Herman Doehling (April 17, 1896 – May 21, 1985) was an American football coach. He was the head football coach at the Ripon College in Ripon, Wisconsin from 1924 to 1955. During his 32-year reign, Doehling coached teams to 15 conference championships, nine in the Midwest Conference and six from the old Wisconsin state conference known as the Big Four Conference.

Ripon, Wisconsin
Ripon (/ˈrɪpən/ RIH-pən) is a city in Fond du Lac County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 7,863 at the 2020 census. The city is surrounded by the Town of Ripon.

Ripon is home to the Little White Schoolhouse, where the Republican Party was founded.
Philadelphia Cricket Club
The Philadelphia Cricket Club is a country club in Pennsylvania, United States, being the oldest of its kind in the country.

The club was established in 1854 in southeastern Pennsylvania, and has two locations, one in Chestnut Hill and the other in Flourtown, north-northwest of downtown Philadelphia.

Sports practised at the club include cricket, golf, squash, swimming, tennis, platform tennis, pickleball, and padel.

Padel
Padel (Spanish: pádel) is a racquet sport that combines elements of tennis and squash. It is usually played in doubles (2 vs 2) on a small enclosed court with glass and mesh walls that are part of the game. It has the same scoring system as tennis, but different rules. For example: the rackets are solid (without strings) and perforated. Balls are played off the court walls, similar to squash. A serve must place the ball at or below the waist level in the opposite court. Padel originated in Mexico in 1969. It became hugely popular in Spain and Argentina.

As of 2023, there are more than 25 million active players in more than 90 countries, according to the International Padel Federation (FIP). In 2023, the global padel market was valued at approximately €2 billion The Padel World Championship has been held every second year since 1992, with Argentina (every time), Spain, or Brazil reaching the final in each competition.
Loreto, Zacatecas
Loreto is a town and municipality in the state of Zacatecas, Mexico. The town is the seventh-largest community in the state, with a 2005 census population of 22,085 inhabitants, while the municipality of which it serves as municipal seat had a population of 43,411. The municipality has an area of 427 km2 (164.87 sq mi).

People celebrate Nuestra Señora de Loreto from 1 to 10 December. It is an agricultural region where people grow primarily lettuce, corn, chili and beans.
This town was founded in 1931 with the name Bimabaletes, and in 1956 its official name changed to Loreto.

It is home to the well known regional band Los 5 de Zacatecas.

Zacatecas
Zacatecas, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Zacatecas, is one of the 31 states of Mexico. It is divided into 58 municipalities and its capital city is Zacatecas.

It is located in north-central Mexico and is bordered by the states of Durango to the northwest, Coahuila to the north, Nayarit to the west, San Luis Potosí and Nuevo León to the east, and Jalisco, Guanajuato and Aguascalientes to the south. The state is best known for its rich deposits of silver and other minerals, its colonial architecture and its importance during the Mexican Revolution. Its main economic activities are mining, agriculture and tourism.
South Dragons
The South Dragons was an Australian professional men's basketball team in the National Basketball League (NBL). It debuted in the 2006/07 season and played its final season in 2008/09. The club was based at MSAC in Melbourne's inner south-eastern suburbs, and was one of the city's two NBL teams; the other was the Melbourne Tigers, which entered the league in 1984.

New Zealand Breakers
The New Zealand Breakers (also known as the BNZ Breakers for sponsorship reasons) are a New Zealand professional basketball team based in Auckland. The Breakers are the only non-Australian side currently competing in Australia's National Basketball League (NBL), and one of only two non-Australian sides to have done so (the other being the now-absent Singapore Slingers). They play their home games at multiple venues, mainly Spark Arena in Auckland. In 2011, the Breakers won their first NBL championship and successfully defended it in 2012 and 2013, claiming the second three-peat in NBL history. They won their fourth title in 2015.

From 2005 to 2018, the Breakers were owned by Liz and Paul Blackwell. In 2018, a consortium led by former NBA player Matt Walsh acquired a majority stake through a newly established company, Breakers Basketball Ltd. In March 2025, Kiwi-American businessman and attorney Marc Mitchell acquired the club.
Nannygai
Nannygai is the name of various fish from the Australian region:

In family Lutjanidae:
Malabar blood snapper, Lutjanus malabaricus.
Crimson snapper, Lutjanus erythropterus.

In family Berycidae:
Eastern nannygai, Centroberyx affinis.
Yelloweye nannygai, Centroberyx australis.

Family Glaucosomatidae:
Pearl perch, Glaucosoma scapulare.

Berycidae
Berycidae is a small family of deep-sea fishes, related to the squirrelfishes. The family includes the alfonsinos and the nannygais.

Berycids are found in both temperate and tropical waters around the world, between 10 and 1,300 m (33 and 4,265 ft) in depth, though mainly greater than 100 m (330 ft). They are typically red in colour, and measure up to 1 m (3.3 ft) in length. Distinguishing features include spiny scales and large eyes and mouths.

The earliest fossils are of Centroberyx from the Paleocene, though potential earlier records are known from the Campanian.
Setaria barbata
Setaria barbata, with common names bristly foxtail grass, corn grass, Mary grass, and East Indian bristlegrass, is a species of grass in the family Poaceae native to  tropical Africa and tropical Asia.

Tropical Asia
Tropical Asia refers to the entirety of the areas in Asia with a tropical climate. These areas are of geographic and economic importance due to their natural resources and biodiversity, which include many species of agricultural value. There are 16 countries in tropical Asia, ranging in size from around 610 square kilometres (240 square miles) (Singapore) to 3,000,000 km2 (1,200,000 sq mi) (India). The total population as of 2006 was 1.6 billion, predominantly rural, and projected to reach 2.4 billion by 2025. Climate in tropical Asia is subject to seasonal weather patterns with the two monsoons and the amount of tropical cyclones in the three core areas of cyclogenesis (the Bay of Bengal, north Pacific Ocean and South China Sea). Stressors on the environment include growing urbanization, land industrialization, economic development, land degradation, environmental issues, and increased pollution, all of which are contributing to changes in climate.
Witch (Gangsta Boo and La Chat EP)
Witch is the collaborative extended play by American rappers Gangsta Boo and La Chat. It was released on May 27, 2014 via Phixieous Entertainment. Recording sessions took place at Select-O-Hits Studio in Memphis. The album features guest appearances from Fefe Dobson, Lil Wyte and Jelly Roll.

Jelly Roll (singer)
Jason Bradley DeFord (born December 4, 1984), known professionally as Jelly Roll (originally stylized as JellyRoll), is an American rapper, singer, and songwriter. Beginning his music career in 2003, he rose to mainstream prominence following the release of his 2022 singles "Son of a Sinner" and "Need a Favor".

"Son of a Sinner" won three CMT Music Awards in 2023. That same year, he won the award for New Artist at the CMA Awards, and was also nominated for the Best New Artist award at the 66th Annual Grammy Awards. At the 2026 Grammys, he won three awards for Best Country Duo/Group Performance with Shaboozey, Best Contemporary Christian Music Performance/Song with Brandon Lake and Best Contemporary Country Album for his tenth studio album, Beautifully Broken.
Biever House
Biever House is a historic home located in Annville Township, Lebanon County, Pennsylvania. It was built in 1814, and is a 2+1⁄2-story, 5-bay wide limestone residence in a vernacular Georgian style.  It has a gable roof with dormers and a two-story, two-bay stone addition dated to the mid-19th century.  The addition has a two-story frame porch.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.  It is a contributing property in the Annville Historic District.

Lebanon County, Pennsylvania
Lebanon County (/ˈlɛbənən/ LEB-ə-nən; Pennsylvania German: Lebnen Kaundi) is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 143,257. Its county seat is the city of Lebanon. It lies 72 miles northwest of Philadelphia, which is the nearest major city. The county is part of the South Central region of the commonwealth.

The county was formed from portions of Dauphin and Lancaster counties in 1813, with minor boundary revisions in 1814 and 1821. Lebanon County comprises the Lebanon metropolitan statistical area, which is part of the Harrisburg–York–Lebanon combined statistical area.
Zig and Zag (Australian performers)
Zig and Zag, were an entertainer clown duo from Melbourne consisting of  Jack Asher Perry (31 December 1916 – 22 June 2006) and Douglas McKenzie (22 March 1918 – 4 August 2004), respectively. Both had been born in England and migrated to Australia. They became notable for appearing on Australian television from its inception in 1956 until 1999 beginning with Peters Fun Fair (1956–69). They also featured on the annual Moomba parade (a community festival), and were regulars at annual charity events including the Good Friday Appeal to raise funds Royal Children's Hospital.

Perry was also an actor on television serials and presenter whilst McKenzie, was also a radio and television presenter, producer and former World War II soldier.

In March 1999 it was revealed that Jack Perry had been convicted in 1994 of the indecent assault of his granddaughter, which caused considerable controversy and the duo subsequently parted ways.

Today Tonight
Today Tonight was an Australian current affairs television program produced by the Seven Network. It aired from January 1995 to November 2019 in Adelaide and Perth. Editions in Brisbane, Sydney and Melbourne were previously produced before being cancelled in February 2014.
Maniyarayile Ashokan
Maniyarayile Ashokan is a 2020 Indian Malayalam-language romantic comedy film directed by Shamzu Zayba. The film stars Jacob Gregory and Anupama Parameswaran. The cast also includes Krishna Sankar and Shine Tom Chacko. The film was produced by Gregory and Dulquer Salmaan in his newly established production company Wayfarer Films. He made a cameo appearance along with Nazriya Nazim and Anu Sithara as other characters.

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the film was directly released through Netflix on 31 August 2020. The film received mixed reviews from critics.

Krishna Sankar
S. V. Krishna Sankar is an Indian actor who predominantly acts in Malayalam films. His notable films include Neram (2013), Premam (2015), Marubhoomiyile Aana (2016) and Njandukalude Nattil Oridavela (2017).
Jimmy Savage
James R. Savage (September 9, 1910 – April 4, 1951) was a columnist who originated the "Tower Ticker" column in the Chicago Tribune in 1948 and wrote it until his death in 1951. He signed the column simply "Savage".

Savage was born in Chicago to a family long established there. He attended Northwestern University. He worked in show business, both in theater management, notably for Balaban and Katz (B&K), and as a writer. Despite being blind in one eye, he joined the Navy during World War II as a press relations officer, and rejoined B&K afterwards. He joined the Chicago Tribune in 1948.

He died in 1951 while covering the Academy Awards in Los Angeles.

Column (periodical)
A column is a recurring article in a newspaper, magazine or other publication, in which a writer expresses their own opinion in a section allotted to them on a regular basis by the publication. The author of a column is a columnist.
Black Peak, Šar Mountains
Black Peak (Albanian: Guri i Zi; Serbian: Црни Камен / Crni.Kamen; Macedonian: Црн Камен, romanized: Crn Kamen) is a peak of the Šar Mountains located in Kosovo and North Macedonia. Black Peak stands at 2,536 m (8,320 ft) above sea level. The famous Brezovica ski resort is situated close to the peak.

Romanization of Macedonian
The romanization of Macedonian is the transliteration of text in Macedonian from the Macedonian Cyrillic alphabet into the Latin alphabet. Romanization can be used for various purposes, such as rendering of proper names in foreign contexts, or for informal writing of Macedonian in environments where Cyrillic is not easily available. Official use of romanization by North Macedonia's authorities is found, for instance, on road signage and in passports. Several different codified standards of transliteration currently exist and there is widespread variability in practice.

Although used for transliteration, Macedonian Latin script is neither widespread nor used in any formal or semi-formal communication in Macedonia. The language law of Macedonia emphasizes Cyrillic as the only alphabet of Macedonian language.