hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Paul Dickson (writer)
Paul Dickson (born July 30, 1939) is a freelance writer of more than 65 non-fiction books, mostly on American English language, history, and popular culture.

He is a founding member and former president of Washington Independent Writers and a member of the National Press Club. Dickson coined the term "word word".

For his published work on baseball, The Washington Post has described Dickson as "baseball's answer to Noah Webster or, at the very least, William Safire." In May 1979, he appeared on the Tonight Show with Johnny Carson to promote his book The Official Rules, which detailed the history of Murphy's Law and similar aphorisms. Carson and Dickson spent time sharing similar sayings that they enjoyed.

Merriam-Webster
Merriam-Webster, Incorporated is an American company that publishes reference books and is mostly known for its dictionaries. It is the oldest dictionary publisher in the United States.

In 1831, George and Charles Merriam founded the company as G & C Merriam Co. in Springfield, Massachusetts. In 1843, after Noah Webster died, the company bought the rights to An American Dictionary of the English Language from Webster's estate. All Merriam-Webster dictionaries trace their lineage to this source.

In 1964, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., acquired Merriam-Webster, Inc., as a subsidiary. The company adopted its current name, Merriam-Webster, Incorporated, in 1982.
Eulis Báez
Eulis Báez (born March 18, 1982) is a former Dominican professional basketball player. He competes internationally with the Dominican Republic national basketball team, and has appeared in various events, including the 2011 FIBA Americas Championship and 2014 FIBA Basketball World Cup. Báez played college basketball with three college teams spanning from 2002 to 2005: Florida International, Southeastern Iowa Community College, and Western Illinois.

Báez spent the 2020-21 season with Manresa, averaging 6.5 points and 2.9 rebounds per game. On November 29, 2021, he signed with Real Betis.

Real Betis Baloncesto
Real Betis Baloncesto S.A.D., simply known as  Real Betis, is a professional basketball team based in Seville, Spain. The team last played in the Primera FEB, the second basketball division of the Spanish basketball league system after the Liga ACB. It plays its home games at San Pablo.
Floods in Jamaica
Floods in Jamaica occur annually due to heavy rainfall and tropical cyclones. Rivers such as the Rio Cobre, Yallahs, and Black River overflow during heavy rainfall, which leads to flooding. Approximately 40% of the population is affected by flooding during severe events. Major floods, particularly those caused by hurricanes or tropical storms, result in fatalities, displacement, and economic losses. The 2004 Caribbean floods, caused by a low-pressure system, led to over $100 million in damages. The 2010 flooding from Tropical Storm Nicole resulted in 16 deaths and damages exceeding $245 million.

Over the past five decades, Jamaica has recorded more than 200 flood events. The average annual economic loss has been estimated at approximately USD 120 million from hurricanes and USD 62 million from floods. Of the 827 communities across the country, around 32% are situated in areas identified as flood-prone.

Yallahs River
The Yallahs River is a river in the parish of Saint Thomas, Jamaica.

Major landslides have developed in the Upper Yallahs River Watershed. As a result, the river carries a greater silt load and scours its banks far more quickly. The Yallahs Ford downstream has widened tremendously, leaving the coastal route vulnerable to inundation after heavy rainstorms.
Hauerslevia
Hauerslevia is a fungal genus of uncertain familial placement (incertae sedis) in the order Auriculariales. The genus is monotypic, containing the single species Hauerslevia pulverulenta, known from Europe. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are effused, with partly septate basidia, conspicuous cystidia, and hyphae lacking clamp connections.

Clamp connection
A clamp connection is a hook-like structure formed by growing hyphal cells of certain fungi. It is a characteristic feature of basidiomycete fungi. It is created to ensure that each cell, or segment of hypha separated by septa (cross walls), receives a set of differing nuclei, which are obtained through mating of hyphae of differing sexual types. It is used to maintain genetic variation within the hypha much like the mechanisms found in croziers (hooks) during the sexual reproduction of ascomycetes.
Manfred (surname)
Manfred is a surname.

Notable people with the name include:

Ebanda Manfred (1935–2003), Cameroonian makossa singer

Edmund Manfred (1856–1941), or E.C. Manfred, Australian architect

Frederick Manfred (1912–1994), American writer of Westerns

Freya Manfred (born 1944), American poet

Marsden Manfred (1888–1951), Australian politician

Rob Manfred (born 1958), American lawyer and baseball executive

Edmund Manfred
Edmund Cooper Manfred (5 June 1856 – 20 February 1941) often referred as E.C. Manfred was an English born Australian architect who was prominent for his works for designing well known and iconic buildings in Goulburn, New South Wales.
Big Brother Watch
Big Brother Watch is a non-party British civil liberties and privacy campaigning organisation.  It was launched in 2009 by founding director Alex Deane to campaign against state surveillance and threats to civil liberties. It was founded by Matthew Elliott. Since January 2018, Silkie Carlo is the Director.

The organisation campaigns on a variety of issues including: The rise of the surveillance state, police use of oppressive technology, freedom and privacy online, the use of intrusive communications interception powers including the Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act, and the Investigatory Powers Act, the protection of personal information and wider data protection issues.

The organisation is headquartered in the China Works building, Vauxhall, London, and previously at 55 Tufton Street, London.

The name "Big Brother Watch" originates from George Orwell's novel Nineteen Eighty-Four, published in 1949.

Nonpartisanship
Nonpartisanship, also known as nonpartisanism, is a lack of affiliation with a political party and a lack of political bias.

While an Oxford English Dictionary definition of partisan includes adherents of a party, cause, person, etc., in most cases, nonpartisan refers specifically to political party connections rather than being the strict antonym of "partisan".
Midge Richardson
Agnes Theresa "Midge" Turk Richardson (March 26, 1930 – c. December 17, 2012) was an American religious sister and educator turned author and magazine editor. She edited Seventeen from 1975 until her retirement in 1993.

Religious sister
A religious sister (abbreviated: Sr.) is a Christian woman who has taken public vows in a religious order dedicated to apostolic works. Though often referred to as nuns, they are canonically distinct. Nuns, religious sisters and canonesses all use the term "Sister" as a form of address. Religious sisters are found in various traditions of Christianity, particularly Catholicism, Evangelical Lutheranism and Anglicanism. In the Catholic Church, religious sisters are associated with a religious institute.
Champapukur railway station
Champapukur railway station is part of the Kolkata Suburban Railway system and operated by Eastern Railway. It is located on the Barasat–Hasnabad line in North 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

Eastern Railway zone
22°34′21.8″N 88°21′50.2″E﻿ / ﻿22.572722°N 88.363944°E﻿ / 22.572722; 88.363944

The Eastern Railway (abbreviated ER) is among the 19 zones of the Indian Railways. Its headquarters is at Fairley Place (Kolkata) and comprises four divisions: Howrah, Malda, Sealdah, and Asansol. Each division is headed by a Divisional Railway Manager (DRM). The name of the division denotes the name of the city where the divisional headquarters is located. Eastern Railway oversees the largest and second largest rail complexes in the country, Howrah Junction and Sealdah railway station, and also contains the highest number of A1 and A Category Stations like Howrah, Malda Town,
Sealdah, Asansol, Kolkata, Durgapur, Barddhaman, Jasidih, Madhupur, Rampurhat Junction, Bhagalpur, Jamalpur, Bandel and Naihati. Eastern Railways operates India's oldest train, Kalka Mail.
Lockville Dam, Canal and Powerhouse
Lockville Dam, Canal and Powerhouse is a historic dam, canal, and powerhouse located near Moncure, Chatham County, North Carolina.  Cape Fear and Deep River Navigation Company built a wooden dam and canal in 1830 to facilitate navigation. The present hydroelectric dam and powerhouse were built in 1922 replacing the log dam. The powerhouse is a simple brick and concrete structure resting on a massive stone foundation.

The hydroelectric dam generated 1.3MW from 1922 to 1962, then again from 1983 to 2020.  It has remained offline since.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.

Chatham County, North Carolina
Chatham County (locally /ˈtʃætəm/ CHAT-əm) is a county located in the Piedmont area of the U.S. state of North Carolina. It is also the location of the geographic center of North Carolina, northwest of Sanford. As of the 2020 census, the population was 76,285. Its county seat is Pittsboro.

Chatham County is part of the Durham-Chapel Hill, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Raleigh-Durham-Cary, NC Combined Statistical Area, which had an estimated population of 2,368,947 in 2023.
Rokayagaun
Rokayagaun is a former village development committee in Jajarkot District in the Karnali Province of Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2364 living in 442 individual households.

Karnali Province
Karnali Province (Nepali: कर्णाली प्रदेश, romanized: Karṇālī pradēśa) is one of the seven federal provinces of Nepal formed by the new constitution, which was adopted on 20 September 2015. The total area of the province is 27,984 square kilometres (10,805 mi2), making it the largest province in Nepal with 18.97% of the country's area. According to the 2011 Nepal census, the population of the province was 1,570,418, making it the least populous province in Nepal. The province borders the Tibet Autonomous Region of China to the north, Gandaki Province to the east, Sudurpashchim Province to the west, and Lumbini Province to the south. Birendranagar with a population of 154,886 is both the province's capital and largest city.
1968 CONMEBOL Pre-Olympic Tournament Group 2
Group 2 of the 1968 CONMEBOL Pre-Olympic Tournament took place from 19 to 27 March 1968. The group consisted of host nation Colombia, as well as Ecuador, Peru and Uruguay. The top two teams, Colombia and Uruguay, advanced to the final group.

Uruguay national under-23 football team
The Uruguay national under-23 football team (also known as Uruguay Olympic football team) represents Uruguay in under-23 international football competitions such as the Olympic Games, CONMEBOL Pre-Olympic Tournament and Pan American Games. The selection is limited to players under the age of 23, except three overage players. The team is controlled by the Uruguayan Football Association (AUF).
Glennie
Glennie is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alick Glennie (1925—2003), British computer scientist

Alison Glennie, British actress

Angus Glennie, Lord Glennie (born 1950), Scottish judge

Bill Glennie (1924—2005), Canadian ice hockey player

Bobby Glennie (born 1957), Scottish footballer

Brian Glennie (1946–2020), Canadian ice hockey player

Charlotte Glennie (born c.1972), New Zealand journalist

Ernest Glennie (c.1871—1908), New Zealand rugby union player

Evelyn Glennie (born 1965), Scottish musician

George Glennie (1902–1998), American football player

Irvine Glennie (1892—1980), Royal Navy officer

Jim Glennie (born 1963), British musician

John Stuart Stuart-Glennie (1841—1910), British folklorist

Scott Glennie (born 1991), Canadian ice hockey player

William Glennie (1761—1828), British teacher

Ernest Glennie
Ernest Glennie (8 February 1870— 16 July 1908) was a New Zealand rugby union player who represented the New Zealand national team, the All Blacks in 1897. His positions of choice were halfback, five-eighth and wing-forward.

He was understood to have been born in Queenstown.
No Name (Montenegrin band)
No Name (Montenegrin: Но нејм, romanized: No nejm) was a Montenegrin boyband, best known for the controversies surrounding their participation in the national pre-selection for the Eurovision Song Contest. The group made its debut in 2005, with the song "Zauvijek moja" (Forever Mine) (Milan Perić/Slaven Knezović), winning the 2005 Europjesma and thus representing Serbia and Montenegro in the Eurovision Song Contest 2005. The group fared 7th in the ESC with a total of 137 points, succeeding in obtaining the straight pass to the final of the Eurovision Song Contest 2006 for Serbia and Montenegro.
It was founded on 19 November 2003.

In November 2006, bassist Marko Perić left the group for an unknown reason.

The group disbanded in 2008.

Montenegrin alphabet
The Montenegrin alphabet is the collective name given to "Abeceda" (Montenegrin Latin alphabet; Абецеда in Cyrillic) and "Азбука" (Montenegrin Cyrillic alphabet; Azbuka in Latin), the writing systems used to write the Montenegrin language. It was adopted on 9 June 2009 by the Montenegrin Minister of Education, Sreten Škuletić and replaced the Serbian Cyrillic and Gaj's Latin alphabets in use at the time.

There is a one-to-one correspondence between the two alphabets, and words are usually spelled so that they work in both.

Although the Latin and Cyrillic alphabets enjoy equal status under the Constitution of Montenegro, the government and proponents of the Montenegrin language prefer to use the Latin script exclusively; it is also much more widely used in all aspects of the day-to-day written communication in the country, in education, advertising and media.
Al Kerth
Alfred Henry "Al" Kerth III (January 21, 1952 - September 11, 2002) was a St. Louis civic leader and public relations executive. His projects included bringing the St. Louis Rams NFL team  to St. Louis, the St. Louis MetroLink light rail public transit system, St. Louis 2004, Forest Park Forever, the X Prize, Civic Progress, the Scottrade Center, and the Edward Jones Dome. He also served on the boards of numerous civic groups, including the United Way, The Salvation Army, Laumeier Sculpture Park, Area Resources for Community and Human Services, and Forest Park Forever.

MetroLink (St. Louis)
MetroLink (reporting mark BSDA) (commonly referred to as "Metro") is the light rail system that serves the Greater St. Louis area. It is operated by Metro Transit in a shared fare system with MetroBus. Currently, it is a two-line, 46 mile (74 km) system serving 38 stations operating primarily on separate grade with subway sections in downtown St. Louis, near Forest Park, and in suburban Clayton.

Unlike the majority of LRT systems in the United States, St. Louis MetroLink shares more characteristics of a rapid transit service, including a largely independent right-of-way, a higher top speed, and level boarding at all platforms.

In 2025, the system had an annual ridership of 7,135,000.
Israel at the 2006 Winter Olympics
Israel competed at the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin, Italy.

Five Israeli athletes participated in the games, the same as in Salt Lake City in 2002, including two ice dance couples: Galit Chait and Sergei Sakhnovski, who were taking part for the third time in the Olympics, and the brother and sister team of Alexandra and Roman Zaretski for whom this was the first Olympics. The fifth member of the team was an alpine skier, Mikail Renzhin, the first Israeli to participate in this sport in the Olympics. He competed in the men's slalom and giant slalom events.

Galit Chait was the flag-bearer in the opening ceremony, as she was in 2002.

Roman Zaretsky
Roman Zaretsky (Hebrew: רומן זרצקי, Russian: Роман Зарецкий, Belarusian: Раман Зарэцкі; born December 4, 1983) is an Israeli retired ice dancer. With his sister, Alexandra Zaretsky, he is the 2009 Skate America bronze medalist, 2009 Golden Spin of Zagreb champion, a three-time Nebelhorn Trophy medalist, and a three-time Israeli national champion. They finished 6th at the World Championships and competed twice at the Winter Olympics, finishing 10th in 2010.
Heck-Lee, Heck-Wynne, and Heck-Pool Houses
Heck-Lee, Heck-Wynne, and Heck-Pool Houses are three historic homes located in the Historic Oakwood neighborhood in Raleigh, North Carolina. They were built between 1871 and 1875, and are 1+1⁄2-story, L-shaped, Second Empire-style frame dwellings on brick foundations.  They feature an Eastlake movement wrap-around porch, a full-height mansard roof and a 2+1⁄2-story corner mansard tower.  Formerly separate kitchens have been connected to the main houses by additions.

The houses were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.

Second Empire style
Second Empire style, also known as the Napoleon III style or Haussmann style, is a highly eclectic style of architecture and decorative arts originating in the Second French Empire. It was characterized by elements of many different historical styles, and also made innovative use of modern materials, such as iron frameworks and glass skylights. It flourished during the reign of Emperor Napoleon III (1852–1870) and had an important influence on architecture and decoration in the rest of Europe and North America. Major examples of the style include the Opéra Garnier (1862–1871) in Paris by Charles Garnier, the Institut National d'Histoire de l'Art, the Church of Saint Augustine (1860–1871), and the Philadelphia City Hall (1871–1901). The architectural style was closely connected with Haussmann's renovation of Paris carried out during the Second Empire; the new buildings, such as the Opéra, were intended as the focal points of the new boulevards.
Rawatgaun, Jajarkot
Rawatgaun (Nepali: रावतगाउँ) is a village located in Bheri municipality in Jajarkot District of Karnali Province of Nepal. The aerial distance from Rawatgaun to Nepal's capital Kathmandu is approximately 323 km.

Karnali Province
Karnali Province (Nepali: कर्णाली प्रदेश, romanized: Karṇālī pradēśa) is one of the seven federal provinces of Nepal formed by the new constitution, which was adopted on 20 September 2015. The total area of the province is 27,984 square kilometres (10,805 mi2), making it the largest province in Nepal with 18.97% of the country's area. According to the 2011 Nepal census, the population of the province was 1,570,418, making it the least populous province in Nepal. The province borders the Tibet Autonomous Region of China to the north, Gandaki Province to the east, Sudurpashchim Province to the west, and Lumbini Province to the south. Birendranagar with a population of 154,886 is both the province's capital and largest city.
Yuntanza Chōei
Yuntanza Wōji Chōei (読谷山 王子 朝英; 26 January 1768 – 8 February 1817), also known by Yuntanza Chōchoku (読谷山 朝敕) and his Chinese style name Shō Tairetsu (尚 大烈), was a prince of Ryukyu Kingdom.

Prince Yuntanza was the second head of a royal family called Yuntanza Udun (読谷山御殿). His father was Yuntanza Chōken.

King Shō Kō dispatched a gratitude envoy for his accession to Edo, Japan in 1806. Prince Yuntanza and Oroku Ryōwa was appointed as Envoy (正使, seishi) and Deputy Envoy (副使, fukushi) respectively. They sailed back in the next year.

He served as sessei from 1803 to 1816. He was designated as a member of the Okinawan Thirty-Six Immortals of Poetry (沖縄三十六歌仙, Okinawa Sanjūrokkasen).

Ryukyuan missions to Edo
Over the course of Japan's Edo period, the Ryūkyū Kingdom sent eighteen missions to Edo (琉球江戸上り, Okinawan:Idu-nubui; "lit. 'the going up of Ryūkyū to Edo'), the capital of Tokugawa Japan. The unique pattern of these diplomatic exchanges evolved from models established by the Chinese, but without denoting any predetermined relationship to China or to the Chinese world order. The Kingdom became a vassal to the Japanese feudal domain (han) of Satsuma following Satsuma's 1609 invasion of Ryūkyū, and as such were expected to pay tribute to the shogunate; the missions also served as a great source of prestige for Satsuma, the only han to claim any foreign polity, let alone a kingdom, as its vassal.
Gabriel Girón
Gabriel Oscar Girón Villarreal (born 27 February 1988) is a Mexican-Panamanian professional basketball player for Libertadores de Querétaro of the Mexican Liga Nacional de Baloncesto Profesional (LNBP). He was a part of the 2017 Mexican championship winning Fuerza Regia team, and was a member of the Mexico's national basketball team at the 2016 FIBA World Olympic Qualifying Tournament – Turin, Italy.

Mexico men's national basketball team
The Mexico national basketball team (Spanish: selección de baloncesto de México / selección Mexicana de básquetbol) represents Mexico in men's international basketball competitions, The team has made 6 appearances in FIBA World Cup and 5 appearances in the Summer Olympics. The governing body of the team is the Asociación Deportiva Mexicana de Básquetbol (ADEMEBA).

In 2013, Mexico won the FIBA AmeriCup.
Banshenchas
Ireland portal

An Banshenchas (literally "the woman lore") is a medieval text which collects brief descriptions of prominent women in Irish legend and history into a poetic narrative.

Unlike much of early Irish literature, An Banshenchas may be attributed to a specific author and date.  The introduction of the poem states that Gilla Mo Dutu Úa Caiside, of Ard Brecáin in Meath, composed it in 1147.

Four Courts Press
Four Courts Press is an independent Irish academic publishing house, with its office at Malpas Street, Dublin 8, Ireland.

Founded in 1970 by Michael Adams, who died in February 2009, its early publications were primarily theological, notably the English translation of the Navarre Bible. From 1992, it expanded into publishing peer-reviewed works in Celtic Studies, Medieval Studies and Ecclesiastical History, and then into modern history, art, literature and law. As of late 2024, Four Courts Press had around 800 titles in print and published around 35 new works each year.
Pedagogical Sketchbook
Pedagogical Sketchbook is a book by Paul Klee. It is based on his extensive lectures on visual form at Bauhaus Staatliche Art School where he was a teacher in between 1921-1931.
Originally handwritten – as a pile of working notes he used in his lectures – it was eventually edited by Walter Gropius, designed by László Moholy-Nagy and published in as a Bauhaus student manual (Bauhausbucher No.2, as the second in the series of the fourteen Bauhaus books) under the original title: Pädagogisches Skizzenbuch.
It was translated into English by Sibyl Moholy-Nagy (in 1953), who also wrote an introduction for it.

Along with other Bauhaus books such as Theory of Color (by Johannes Itten) and Point and Line to Plane (by Wassily Kandinsky), Pedagogical Sketchbook is a legacy of teaching methods on art theory and practice at Bauhaus Staatliche Art School.

The book is still in print.

Johannes Itten
Johannes Itten (11 November 1888 – 25 March 1967) was a Swiss expressionist painter, designer, teacher, writer and theorist associated with the Bauhaus (Staatliches Bauhaus) school. Together with German-American painter Lyonel Feininger and German sculptor Gerhard Marcks, under the direction of German architect Walter Gropius, Itten was part of the core of the Weimar Bauhaus.