hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Buddhism in Central Asia
Buddhism in Central Asia mainly existed in Mahayana forms and was historically especially prevalent along the Silk Road. The history of Buddhism in Central Asia is closely related to the Silk Road transmission of Buddhism during the first millennium of the common era. Buddhism dominated in Pre-Islamic Central Asia. It has been argued that the spread of Indian culture and religions, especially Buddhism, as far as Sogdia, corresponded to the rule of the Kidarites over the regions from Sogdia to Gandhara.

Buddhism has now been largely replaced by Islam in modern Central Asia. Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan have the most Buddhists, largely practiced by their Koryo-saram minority, although the former has the lowest percentage of Buddhists. Due to historical Tibetan, Mongol and Manchurian influence, Kyrgyzstan has the highest percentage of Buddhists in Central Asia.

Parthia
Parthia (Old Persian: 𐎱𐎼𐎰𐎺 Parθava; Parthian: 𐭐𐭓𐭕𐭅 Parθaw; Middle Persian: 𐭯𐭫𐭮𐭥𐭡𐭥 Pahlaw) is a historical region located in northeastern Greater Iran. It was conquered and subjugated by the empire of the Medes during the 7th century BC, was incorporated into the subsequent Achaemenid Empire under Cyrus the Great in the 6th century BC, and formed part of the Hellenistic Seleucid Empire after the 4th-century BC conquests of Alexander the Great. The region later served as the political and cultural base of the Eastern Iranian Parni people and Arsacid dynasty, rulers of the Parthian Empire (247 BC – 224 AD). The Sasanian Empire, the last state of pre-Islamic Iran, also held the region and maintained the seven Parthian clans as part of their feudal aristocracy.
1975 Caribbean Series
The eighteenth edition of the Caribbean Series (Serie del Caribe) was played in 1975. It was held from February 1 through February 6 with the champions teams from the Dominican Republic, Águilas Cibaeñas; Mexico, Naranjeros de Hermosillo; Puerto Rico, Vaqueros de Bayamón and Venezuela, Tigres de Aragua. The format consisted of 12 games, each team facing the other teams twice, and was played at Hiram Bithorn Stadium in San Juan, Puerto Rico. For the first time in Series history, the designated hitter was adopted following the implementation of this rule by the American League during the 1973 MLB season.

Designated hitter
The designated hitter (DH) is a baseball player who bats in place of the pitcher. Unlike other players in a team's lineup, they generally only play as an offensive player and usually do not play defense as a fielder or a pitcher during a game. Due to their specialized offensive-only role, the designated hitter is generally expected to produce above average offensive stats and production compared to other players who play defense.

In Major League Baseball, the position is authorized by Rule 5.11 of the Official Baseball Rules. It was adopted by the American League in 1973 and by the National League in 2022, making it universal in MLB. Within that time frame, nearly all amateur, collegiate, and professional leagues worldwide adopted the designated hitter or some variant, a major exception being Nippon Professional Baseball's Central League, which plans to adopt it in 2027.
Zhibek Arapbayeva
Zhibek Arapbayeva (born December 8, 1991, in Shymkent) is a Kazakh freestyle skier, specializing in aerials .

Arapbayeva competed at the 2010 Winter Olympics for Kazakhstan. She placed 23rd in the qualifying round of the aerials, failing to advance to the final.

As of April 2013, her best showing at the World Championships is 18th, in 2013.

Arapbayeva made her World Cup debut in December 2008. As of April 2013, her best finish at a World Cup event is 8th, at Bukovel in 2012/13. Her best World Cup overall finish in aerials is 24th, in 2012/13.

FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships 2013
The 2013 FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships were held at Voss, Norway from March 5–10, 2013.  Voss was acclaimed as the host in May 2008 as no other bids were received.    Skiers competed in six disciplines: Moguls, Dual Moguls, Ski Cross, Slopestyle, Half Pipe and Aerials.  These were the first FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships held in Norway.
Vishnu Bhikaji Kolte
Vishnu Bhikaji Kolte (1908–1998), popularly called Bhausaheb Kolte was a Marathi writer and researcher of old Marathi literature. He hailed from Maharashtra, India. He served as Vice chancellor in Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University.

Leela Charitra
Leela Charitra is a biography of Chakradhar Swami, the guru of the Mahanubhava sect, and is a sacred text of that sect.  It was written in the late 13th century by their follower Mhaimbhat with reference from Shri Nagdev Aacharya

The Leela Charitra, was written in Marathi. It was further translated in Hindi by many authors like Late. Shri Vidyadhar Babaji Punjabi and the other one was Dr. Yashraj Shastri.

The Leela Charitra, though written in Marathi, is replete with Kannada words.
Davydovka
Davydovka (Russian: Давыдовка) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Liskinsky District of Voronezh Oblast, Russia. Population: 5,167 (2021 Census); 5,633 (2010 Census); 5,923 (2002 Census); 6,207 (1989 Soviet census).

Liskinsky District
Liskinsky District  (Russian: Ли́скинский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-two in Voronezh Oblast, Russia. It is located in the western central part of the oblast. The area of the district is 2,033 square kilometers (785 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Liski. Population: 98,577 (2021 Census); 105,704 (2010 Census); 50,142 (2002 Census); 50,352 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Liski accounts for 54.9% of the district's total population.
LaserTank
LaserTank (also known as Laser Tank) is a puzzle video game where the player must manoeuvre a tank to its goal in a minimum number of turns, with the power to destroy and move obstacles with a laser. The game is open source, careware, and can be obtained for free.

LaserTank is NP-complete, meaning that one can construct levels which are hard to solve for computers.

Careware
Careware (also called charityware, helpware, or goodware) is software licensed in a way that benefits a charity. Some careware is distributed free, and the author suggests that some payment be made to either a nominated charity, or a charity of the user's choice. Commercial careware, on the other hand, includes a levy for charity on top of the distribution charge. Careware can also involve a barter of some kind, or even a pledge to be kind to strangers.
Nyhavn 5
Nyhavn 5 is an 18th-century property overlooking the Nyhavn canal in central Copenhagen, Denmark. It was listed in the Danish registry of protected buildings and places in 1945. Notable former residents include the actor Adam Gottlob Gielstrup, opera singer Peter Schram and businessman Cornelius Peter August Koch.

Nyhavn
Nyhavn (Danish pronunciation: [ˈnyˌhɑwˀn]; New Haven) is a 17th-century waterfront, canal and entertainment district in Copenhagen, Denmark. Stretching from Kongens Nytorv to the Inner Harbour just south of the Royal Playhouse, it is lined by brightly coloured 17th and early 18th century townhouses and bars, cafes and restaurants. The canal harbours many historical wooden ships.
Richard Burnett
Richard Burnett, also known as Bugs Burnett, is a Canadian writer, editor, journalist, and columnist. He is known as an often controversial fixture of the Montreal media, with his writing sometimes attracting attention internationally. His column and blog, "Three Dollar Bill", dealt with pop culture, art, and gay life and culture across Canada and around the world. "Three Dollar Bill" was the first—and remains the only—syndicated LGBTQ+ column in Canadian publishing history, and it ran for 15 years.

In 2017, CBC Arts wrote that "If you live in Montreal and you go out at night, you know Richard "Bugs" Burnett. Perhaps that's an understatement. If you live in Montreal and go outside, you know Burnett. Existentially speaking, if Richard Burnett does not attend your event, it might be said that your event never happened."

The Gazette (Montreal)
The Gazette, also known as the Montreal Gazette, is a Canadian English-language broadsheet daily newspaper which is owned by Postmedia Network. It is published in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

It is the only English-language daily newspaper currently published in Montreal. Three other daily English-language newspapers shuttered at various times during the second half of the 20th century. It is one of the French-speaking province's last two English-language dailies; the other is the Sherbrooke Record, which serves the anglophone community in Sherbrooke and the Eastern Townships southeast of Montreal.

Founded in 1778 by Fleury Mesplet, The Gazette is Quebec's oldest daily newspaper and the oldest continuously published newspaper in Canada. The oldest newspaper overall is the English-language Quebec Chronicle-Telegraph, which was established in 1764 and is published weekly.
Jane Harry
Jane Harry Thresher called Jane Harry and Jenny Harry (1755–1784), Kingston, Jamaica, was an abolitionist, Quaker, and artist. She fought for the release of slaves owned by her family and the right to equal inheritance. She was born to Thomas Hibbert and Charity Harry. Her father had travelled from England to Jamaica where he bought several properties and later became a judge. Her mother was a free woman but was employed as the housekeeper of Hibbert. Although sexual relations between staff and the wealthy were common in Jamaica, there is no existing evidence suggesting that this union was consensual.

Consent
Consent occurs when one person voluntarily agrees to the proposal or desires of another. It is a term of common speech, with specific definitions used in such fields as the law, medicine, research, and sexual consent. Consent as understood in specific contexts may differ from its everyday meaning. For example, a person with a mental disorder, a low mental age, or under the legal age of sexual consent may willingly engage in a sexual act that still fails to meet the legal threshold for consent as defined by applicable law.

United Nations agencies and initiatives in sex education programs believe that teaching the topic of consent as part of a comprehensive sexuality education is beneficial. Types of consent include implied consent, express consent, informed consent and unanimous consent.
Pear language
Pear is an endangered Austroasiatic language of Cambodia. "Pear" (French Péâr) is a pejorative term for the historical slave caste of the Khmer, but nonetheless is the usual term in the literature. Pear is spoken in 3–4 villages of Rovieng District, Preah Vihear Province, Cambodia according to Ethnologue.

Sidwell (2009), citing Baradat (ms), considers Pear of Kompong Thom to be the most divergent Pearic language.

Kampong Thom province
Kampong Thom (Khmer: កំពង់ធំ, UNGEGN: Kâmpóng Thum [kɑmpɔŋ tʰom]; lit. 'Great Port') is a province (khaet) of Cambodia. It borders the provinces of Siem Reap to the northwest, Preah Vihear to the north, Stung Treng to the northeast, Kratie to the east, Kampong Cham and Kampong Chhnang to the south, and the Tonle Sap to the west.

The provincial capital is Stung Saen, a town of approximately 30,000 people on the banks of the Stung Sen River.

Kampong Thom is Cambodia's second largest province by area. There are a number of significant Angkorian sites in the area, including Prasat Sambor Prei Kuk and Prasat Andet temples. As one of the nine provinces bordering Tonle Sap Lake, Kampong Thom is part of the Tonlé Sap Biosphere Reserve.
The ABC's of Love
"The ABC's of Love" is a song written by George Goldner and Richard Barrett and performed by Frankie Lymon and The Teenagers featuring Jimmy Wright and His Orchestra. It reached #8 on the US R&B chart and #77 on the Billboard pop chart in 1956. The song was featured on their 1956 album, The Teenagers Featuring Frankie Lymon.

George Goldner
George Goldner (February 9, 1918 – April 15, 1970) was an American record label owner, record producer and promoter who played an important role in establishing the popularity of rock and roll in the 1950s, by recording and promoting many groups and records that appealed to young people across racial boundaries.  Among the acts he discovered were the Crows, Frankie Lymon and the Teenagers, and Little Anthony and the Imperials.

He established (or helped establish) a number of record labels, including Tico, Rama, Gee, Roulette, End, Gone, and Red Bird.  It was said of him that he "discovered more talent, both in front of the microphone and behind the scenes, than most producers get to record in a lifetime.  Moreover, in the decades since, much of the music that Goldner recorded and released has retained an astonishing appeal to generations of listeners".
U.S. Music with Funkadelic
U.S. Music with Funkadelic is a self-titled album consisting of tracks recorded in the early 1970s by the band United Soul with input from members of Funkadelic. The album was released by Westbound Records in 2009, and was licensed by Ace Records for its European release.

Ace Records (United Kingdom)
Ace Records Ltd. is a British record label founded in 1978. Initially the company only gained permission from the similarly named label based in Mississippi to use the name in the UK, but eventually also acquired the rights to publish their recordings. When Chiswick Records' pop side was licensed to EMI in 1984, Ace switched to more licensing and reissuing work. In the 1980s it also gained the licensing for Modern Records, and its follow-up company Kent Records, whilst in the 1990s, the company bought the labels including all original master tapes.
Hibiscus Season
Hibiscus Season (French: La saison des hibiscus) is a Canadian animated short film, directed by Éléonore Goldberg and released in 2020. Based on Goldberg's own childhood, the film centres on Rachel, a young girl from France living in Zaire with her family in the early 1990s, who is taking refuge with her mother in the French embassy in Kinshasa during the military riots.

The film won the Prix Iris for Best Animated Short Film at the 23rd Quebec Cinema Awards.

Prix Iris for Best Animated Short Film
The Prix Iris for Best Animated Short Film (French: Prix Iris du meilleur film d'animation) is an annual film award presented by Québec Cinéma as part of its Prix Iris program, to honour the year's best animated short film made within the cinema of Quebec.
Blizhnyaya Polubyanka
Blizhnyaya Polubyanka (Russian: Ближняя Полубянка) is a rural locality (a selo) in Petrenkovskoye Rural Settlement, Ostrogozhsky District, Voronezh Oblast, Russia. The population was 385 as of 2010. There are 4 streets.

Ostrogozhsky District
Ostrogozhsky District  (Russian: Острого́жский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-two in Voronezh Oblast, Russia. It is located in the west of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,725 square kilometers (666 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Ostrogozhsk. Population: 55,747 (2021 Census); 61,291 (2010 Census); 27,972 (2002 Census); 31,201 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Ostrogozhsk accounts for 58.3% of the district's total population.
Michael Denis Gale
Michael Denis Gale FRS (25 August 1943 - 18 July 2009) was a British plant geneticist.

He studied at West Buckland School, Birmingham University, and Aberystwyth University with Hubert Rees. He worked at the Plant Breeding Institute, Cambridge, and the John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park. He was elected Fellow of the Royal Society in 1996.

John Innes Centre
The John Innes Centre (JIC), located in Norwich, Norfolk, England, is an independent centre for research and training in plant and microbial science founded in 1910. It is a registered charity (No 223852) grant-aided by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), the European Research Council (ERC) and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and is a member of the Norwich Research Park. In 2017, the John Innes Centre was awarded a gold Athena SWAN Charter award.
Coachella, California
Coachella (/ˌkoʊəˈtʃɛlə/ KOH-ə-CHEL-ə, commonly /koʊˈtʃɛlə/ koh-CHEL-ə) is a city in Riverside County, California, United States. It is the namesake and easternmost city of the Coachella Valley, in Southern California's Colorado Desert. Originally a railroad town, Coachella is a prominent hub for agriculture and shipping across Southern California and the Western United States.

Coachella had a population of 41,941 in the 2020 Census. The city is officially bilingual in English and Spanish, with 90% of people speaking Spanish.

Environmental impact statement
An environmental impact statement (EIS), under United States environmental law, is a document required by the 1969 National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) for certain actions "significantly affecting the quality of the human environment". An EIS is a tool for decision making.  It describes the positive and negative environmental effects of a proposed action, and it usually also lists one or more alternative actions that may be chosen instead of the action described in the EIS. One of the primary authors of the act is Lynton K. Caldwell.

Preliminary versions of these documents are officially known as a draft environmental impact statement (DEIS) or draft environmental impact report (DEIR).
Ella Haddad
Eloise Rafia "Ella" Haddad is an Australian politician. She was first elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly for the Labor Party in the Division of Denison at the 2018 state election.

Haddad unsuccessfully contested the Labor Left ballot for the 2025 Tasmanian Labor Party leadership election, with Left's nomination instead going to Josh Willie.

Labor Left
The Labor Left (LL), also known as the Progressive Left, Socialist Left or simply the Left, is one of the two major political factions within the Australian Labor Party (ALP). It is characterised nationally by its advocacy of socially progressive, democratic socialist policies and competes with the Labor Right faction. The ruling Prime Minister, Anthony Albanese, is a Labor Left member.

The Labor Left operates autonomously in each state and territory of Australia, and organises as a broad alliance at the national level. Its policy positions include party democratisation, economic interventionism, progressive tax reform, refugee rights, gender equality and same-sex marriage. The faction includes members with a range of political perspectives, including Keynesianism, confrontational trade unions, Fabian social democracy, New Leftism, and democratic socialism.
Edward Righton Sr
Edward Grantham Righton (23 November 1884 – 3 January 1964) was an English first-class cricketer who played four matches for Worcestershire between 1911 and 1913.

Although he had appeared for Worcestershire's Second XI in the Minor Counties Championship as early as 1907,
Righton made his first-class debut in July 1911, playing against Leicestershire at Worcester. It proved to be by far the most successful of his four games at this level: Righton hit a first-innings 48 and took his only first-class wicket, that of England Test cricketer Albert Knight.
He did nothing in his three subsequent games, other than to hold a catch to dismiss Thomas Langdon in his final match, against Gloucestershire in June 1913.

His son Edward (also, in fact, named Edward Grantham Righton) also played four times for Worcestershire, in the mid-1930s.

New Road, Worcester
Visit Worcestershire New Road is a cricket ground in the English city of Worcester. The home of Worcestershire County Cricket Club since 1896, it has been rated as one of the world's most beautiful cricket grounds.
2025 Kozerki Open
The 2025 Kozerki Open was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the fourth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2025 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Grodzisk Mazowiecki, Poland between 4 and 10 August 2025.

Kozerki Open
The Kozerki Open is a tournament for professional tennis players played on outdoor hardcourts since 2019, renamed the Polish Open for the Women's event in 2022. It is part of the ATP Challenger Tour, and is a WTA 125 tournament (since 2023) on the WTA Tour. Prior to 2023, the tournament was a part of ITF Women's World Tennis Tour. It has been held annually in Grodzisk Mazowiecki, Poland, until the Women's event was moved to Warsaw, Poland in 2024.
Jane Burbank
Jane Richardson Burbank (born 11 June 1946 in Hartford, Connecticut, United States) is an American historian who is emeritus professor of history at New York University. She is known for her scholarship on Russia and its empire, as well as global history more broadly.

She was awarded the 2023 Toynbee Prize for her contributions to global history. Her 2010 book Empires in World History: Power and the Politics of Difference (co-authored with Frederick Cooper) won the 2011 World History Association Book Prize. The 2023 Toynbee Prize announcement described the book as "a landmark work of global history that combines extraordinary breadth with sophisticated analysis. They argue that for centuries empires, rather than nation-states, were the dominant political units in the global order."

In 1981, she received a PhD from Harvard University. She is former director of the Center for Russian and East European Studies at the University of Michigan.

World History Association
The World History Association (WHA) is an academic association that promotes the study of world history through the encouragement of research, teaching, and publication. It was founded in 1982.

The WHA provides many opportunities for connecting world historians with one another. It publishes the Journal of World History and World History Bulletin, and has awarded World History Association Book Prize since 1999.
Lesser weever
The lesser weever (Echiichthys vipera) is a venomous weever of the family Trachinidae, in the order Perciformes, and the class Actinopterygii. It is generally found on the sandy sea beds of the open sea, near the shore. Lesser weevers may sting swimmers badly if disturbed in the water, and fishermen when they clean their fishing nets.

The lesser weever grows up to 27.7 cm (10.9 in) long, but generally less than 10 cm (3.9 in), with an elongated body. Its color can be described as greyish-brown on the back and silvery-white on the sides. It has no spines in front of its eyes.

Perciformes
Perciformes (/ˈpɜːrsɪˌfɔːrmiːz/), also called the Acanthopteri, is an order or superorder of ray-finned fish in the clade Percomorpha. Perciformes means "perch-like". Among the well-known members of this group are perches and darters (Percidae), and also sea basses and groupers (Serranidae). This order contains many familiar freshwater temperate and tropical marine fish groups, but also extremophiles that have successfully colonized both the North and South Poles, as well as the deepest depths of the ocean.
Harima no Kuni Fudoki
Harima no Kuni Fudoki (播磨国風土記) is a fudoki text describing Harima Province (in present-day Hyōgo Prefecture), which was compiled in the early Nara period. The manuscript copy of it dates from near the end of the Heian period, and it was designated a National Treasure in 1965.

Ibo River
The Ibo River (揖保川) is a river in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. The Ibo, Kako, Ichi, Yumesaki, and Chikusa rivers are collectively referred to as the Harima Gokawa, the five major rivers that flow into the Harima Sea. The basin area is the second largest of the Harima Gokawa after the Kako River.