hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kabi Lungchok
Kabi Lungchok (also spelled Kabi Longstok) is a historic site of significance, which is located 17 kilometres (11 mi) north of Gangtok on the Northern Highway in northeastern Indian state of Sikkim. The historicity of the site is attributed to the fact that the Lepchas, the ethnic tribals of Sikkim and Bhutias (ethnic Bhot), the immigrants from southern Bhot who settled down in Sikkim from the 14th century onwards, ceremonially signed a "Treaty of Blood Brotherhood" with religious fervour. Stone pillars mark the location where the treaty was signed. The Treaty was signed at Kabi Lungchok by the Bhot King, Khye Bumsa representing the Bhutias and the Lepcha Chief Thekong Tek. The literal meaning of 'Kabi Lungchok', pronounced ‘Kayu sha bhi Lungchok’, is "stone erected by our blood." Life-size statues of the Lepcha and Bhutia 'blood-brothers' who signed the treaty has been erected here.

Naga people
Nagas are various Tibeto-Burman ethnic groups native to northeastern India and northwestern Myanmar. The groups have similar cultures and traditions, and form the majority of population in the Indian state of Nagaland and Naga Self-Administered Zone of Myanmar (Burma); with significant populations in Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh and Assam in India, and Sagaing Region and Kachin State in Myanmar.

The Nagas are divided into various Naga ethnic groups whose numbers and populations are unclear. They each speak distinct Naga languages often unintelligible to the others, but all are loosely connected to each other.
The Strollers
The Strollers is a musical in two acts and a prologue with music by Ludwig Engländer and a book and lyrics by Harry B. Smith. Set in Austria, the work is based on Leopold Krenn and Karl Lindau's libretto for the 1899 operetta Die Landstreicher by the composer Carl Michael Ziehrer. The work premiered on Broadway at the Knickerbocker Theatre on June 24, 1901. It closed at that theatre on August 31, 1901 after 70 performances. The Broadway production was directed by A. M. Holbrook and produced by  George W. Lederer, Sam Nixon and J. Fred Zimmerman. The sets were designed by D. Frank Dodge and Ernest Albert, and the costumes were designed by Caroline Siedle. The production starred Francis Wilson as August Lump, Irene Bentley as Bertha, Eddie Foy as Kamfer, Marie George as Mimi, Harry Gilfoil as the Prince de Bomsky, Wilmer Bentley as Rudi von Rodenstein, and Louise Lawton as Anna.

Karl Lindau
Karl Lindau (also Carl Lindau, born Karl Gemperle; 26 November 1853 – 15 January 1934) was an Austrian actor and writer. He excelled in comic roles at the Theater an der Wien, and wrote several plays, librettos for operettas and songs.
Noah Purcell
Noah Guzzo Purcell (born 1980) is an American attorney serving as the solicitor general of the U.S. state of Washington. He gained national attention when he halted President Donald Trump's first travel ban with a successful lawsuit on behalf of the State of Washington in Washington v. Trump.

Solicitor general
A solicitor general is a government official who serves as the chief representative of the government in courtroom proceedings. In systems based on the English common law that have an attorney general or equivalent position, the solicitor general is often the second-ranked law officer of the state and a deputy of the attorney general. The extent to which a solicitor general actually provides legal advice to or represents the government in court varies from jurisdiction to jurisdiction, and sometimes varies between individual office holders in the same jurisdiction.
Texas, Oklahoma and Eastern Railroad
The Texas, Oklahoma and Eastern Railroad (reporting mark TOE) is a Class III short-line railroad owned by Patriot Rail Company of Jacksonville, Florida, with 39.3 miles of track in southeastern Oklahoma.   It is operated along with its affiliate, the De Queen and Eastern Railroad (reporting mark DQE), in southwest Arkansas, as a single combined railroad with 91 miles of track.  Specifically, the TOE runs from Valliant, Oklahoma through Wright City, Broken Bow, and Eagletown to the Oklahoma/Arkansas border, where the DQE continues through De Queen, Lockesburg and Dierks to Perkins, Arkansas.

Railroad classes
Railroad classes are the system by which freight railroads are designated in the United States. Railroads are assigned to Class I, II or III according to annual revenue criteria originally set by the Surface Transportation Board in 1992. With annual adjustments for inflation, the 2019 thresholds were US$504,803,294 for Class I carriers and US$40,384,263 for Class II carriers. (Smaller carriers were Class III by default.)

There are six Class I freight railroad companies in the United States: BNSF Railway, CSX Transportation, Canadian National Railway, CPKC, Norfolk Southern Railway, and Union Pacific Railroad. Canadian National also operates in Canada and CPKC operates in Canada and Mexico.

In addition, the national passenger railroad in the United States, Amtrak, would qualify as Class I if it were a freight carrier, as would Canada's Via Rail passenger service. Mexico's Ferromex freight railroad would also qualify as Class I, but it does not operate in the United States.
Sons of the Pioneers (film)
Sons of the Pioneers is a 1942 American Western film directed by Joseph Kane and starring Roy Rogers, George "Gabby" Hayes and Bob Nolan. The film was part of the long-running series of Roy Rogers films produced by the Hollywood studio Republic Pictures.

Bob Nolan
Bob Nolan (born Clarence Robert Nobles; April 13, 1908 – June 16, 1980, name changed to Robert Clarence Nobles in 1929) was a Canadian-born American singer, songwriter, and actor. He was a founding member of the Sons of the Pioneers, and composer of numerous Country music and Western music songs, including the standards "Cool Water" and "Tumbling Tumbleweeds."  He is generally regarded as one of the finest Western songwriters of all time. As an actor and singer, he appeared in scores of Western films.
Oraczew
Oraczew kolonia [ɔˈrat͡ʂɛf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Witonia, within Łęczyca County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) south-west of Witonia, 10 km (6 mi) north of Łęczyca, and 42 km (26 mi) north of the regional capital Łódź.

Łęczyca County
Łęczyca County (Polish: powiat łęczycki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Łęczyca, which lies 35 kilometres (22 mi) north-west of the regional capital Łódź.

The county covers an area of 774 square kilometres (298.8 sq mi). As of 2006, its total population was 53,435, out of which the population of Łęczyca was 15,423 and the rural population was 38,012.
Yasmine Chouikh
Yasmine Chouikh (born 1982) is an Algerian screenwriter, film director, and journalist. A prominent voice in contemporary Algerian cinema, her work explores themes of love, tradition, identity, and the role of women in society. She is best known for Until The End of Time (2017), a romantic drama set in an Algerian cemetery, which won the Best First Feature Award at the Panafrican Film and Television Festival of Ouagadougou (FESPACO) in 2019."26e Fespaco: Jusqu'à la fin des temps, de Yasmine Chouikh Remporte le Prix Oumarou Ganda du meilleur premier film" [26th Fespaco: Until the end of time, by Yasmine Chouikh Wins the Oumarou Ganda Prize for best first film]. Algérie Presse Service (in French). 3 March 2019. She also serves as the artistic director of the Taghit International Short Film Festival, promoting new voices in Maghrebi cinema.

Panafrican Film and Television Festival of Ouagadougou
The Panafrican Film and Television Festival of Ouagadougou (French: Festival panafricain du cinéma et de la télévision de Ouagadougou, or FESPACO) is a film festival in Burkina Faso, held biennially in Ouagadougou, where the organization is based. It accepts for competition only films by African filmmakers and chiefly produced in Africa. FESPACO is scheduled in March every second year, two weeks after the last Saturday of February. Its opening night is held in the Stade du 4-Août, the national stadium.

The festival offers African film professionals the chance to establish working relationships, exchange ideas, and to promote their work. FESPACO's stated aim is to "contribute to the expansion and development of African cinema as means of expression, education and awareness-raising". It has also worked to establish a market for African films and industry professionals. Since FESPACO's founding, the festival has attracted attendees from across the continent and beyond.
Saiga-12
The Saiga-12 (/ˈsaɪɡə/) is a shotgun manufacturered by the Russian company Kalashnikov Concern. It is either a semi-automatic shotgun on default, or an automatic shotgun when converted, is patterned on the Kalashnikov series of assault rifles, and available in a wide range of configurations. It is named after the Saiga antelope native to Russia.

Saiga antelope
The saiga antelope (Saiga tatarica, /ˈsaɪɡə/) or saiga is a species of antelope which during antiquity inhabited a vast area of the Eurasian steppe, spanning the foothills of the Carpathian Mountains in the northwest and Caucasus in the southwest into Mongolia in the northeast and Dzungaria in the southeast. During the Pleistocene, it ranged across the mammoth steppe from the British Isles to Beringia. Today, the dominant subspecies (S. t. tatarica) only occurs in Kalmykia and Astrakhan Oblast of Russia and in the Ural Mountains, Ustyurt Plateau and Betpak-Dala regions of Kazakhstan. A portion of the Ustyurt population migrates south to Uzbekistan and occasionally to Turkmenistan in winter. It is regionally extinct in Romania, Ukraine, Moldova, China and southwestern Mongolia. The Mongolian subspecies (S. t. mongolica) occurs only in western Mongolia.
Tracy station
Tracy station is a commuter rail station in southern Tracy, California served by the Altamont Corridor Express. It is on the Union Pacific Railroad Oakland Subdivision, formerly the Western Pacific Railroad. Construction of the station began in April 1998, and it was one of ACE's inaugural stops upon commencement of service on October 19 of that year.

Oakland Subdivision
The Oakland Subdivision is a Union Pacific Railroad line in the U.S. state of California. It extends from Stockton in the east to Oakland, crossing the Diablo Range at Altamont Pass and traversing Niles Canyon. The line was originally built by the Western Pacific Railroad as the final Pacific leg of their Feather River Route — it was acquired by Union Pacific upon their purchase of Southern Pacific. For its length, the line largely parallels the route of the First transcontinental railroad, the Western Pacific Railroad (1862–1870), though the Subdivision was laid out decades after the Western Pacific.

The line north and west of Niles has seen a reduction in freight movements as operations are consolidated on the parallel Niles Subdivision. Altamont Corridor Express commuter rail trains operate on the line from Niles to Lathrop and the southern leg of the Bay Area Rapid Transit system was constructed in the rail line's right of way between Fruitvale and Union City in the early 1970s.
Tadhg Buidhe mac Tadhg Riabhach Ó Dubhda
Tadhg Buidhe mac Tadhg Riabhach Ó Dubhda (died c. 1457) Chief of the Name and Lord of Tireragh.

Almost the only document dealing with the succession as the Ó Dubhda chief of the name is Araile do fhlathaibh Ua nDubhda, which presents many chronological difficulties. Even when dates and/or lengths of reigns are given, they can only be appromiximated as some chiefs may have ruled in opposition to each other.

Araile gives Tadhg Buidhe "3 years."

Chronology
Chronology (from Latin chronologia, from Ancient Greek χρόνος, chrónos, 'time'; and -λογία, -logia) is the science of arranging events in their order of occurrence in time, such as in a timeline or other sequence of events. It is also "the determination of the actual temporal sequence of past events".

Chronology is a part of periodization. It is also a part of the discipline of history including earth history, the earth sciences, and study of the geologic time scale.
Kota Kemuning
Kota Kemuning is a township located in the constituency of Kota Raja, in Klang District, Selangor, Malaysia, just south of Shah Alam. Kota Kemuning borders Putra Heights on its east, across the Klang River.

Kota Raja (federal constituency)
Kota Raja is a federal constituency in Klang District and Petaling District, Selangor, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Dewan Rakyat since 2004.

The federal constituency was created in the 2003 redistribution and is mandated to return a single member to the Dewan Rakyat under the first past the post voting system.
Pyongyang (restaurant chain)
Pyongyang (Korean: 평양관; MR: P'yŏngyangkwan) is a restaurant chain named after the capital of North Korea, with around 130 locations worldwide. The restaurants are owned and operated by the Haedanghwa Group, an organization of the government of North Korea.

McCune–Reischauer
McCune–Reischauer (MR; /məˈkjuːn ˈraɪʃaʊ.ər/ mə-KEWN RYSHE-ow-ər) is a romanization system for the Korean language. It was first published in 1939 by George M. McCune and Edwin O. Reischauer. Significant work on the system was done by Korean linguists Choe Hyeon-bae, Jeong In-seop, and Kim Seon-gi.

According to Reischauer, McCune "persuaded the American Army Map Service to adopt [the McCune–Reischauer system], and through the Korean War it became the foundation for most current Romanizations of Korean place names."

A variant of McCune–Reischauer is currently used as the official system in North Korea. Another variant is currently used for standard romanization library catalogs in North America. On the other hand, South Korea formerly used yet another variant as its official system from 1984 to 2000, but replaced it with the Revised Romanization of Korean in 2000.
Irma Blank
Irma Blank (1934 – 14 April 2023) was a German-born Italian artist. Her work, based on printed text that she transcribed in ink, has been described as "drawing languages without words" and thus "a form of communication beyond specific language", including sounds.

Documenta 6
documenta 6 was the sixth edition of documenta, a quinquennial contemporary art exhibition. It was held between 24 June and 2 October 1977 in Kassel, West Germany. The artistic director was Manfred Schneckenburger. The title of the exhibition was: Internationale Ausstellung – international exhibition.
August trilogy
The August trilogy (Norwegian: August-trilogien), also known as the Wayfarer trilogy (Norwegian: Landstryker-trilogien), is three novels by the Norwegian writer Knut Hamsun: Wayfarers (1927), August (1930) and The Road Leads On (1933).

The August trilogy is set in the second half of the 19th century and early 20th century and follows August, a restless man who finds various ways to make ends meet. It portrays vagabond life and critically discusses modernity, which is an approach that recurs in Hamsun's works. The novels convey an ambivalent view of modernity and a negative view of capitalism.

Wayfarers was the basis for the 1989 Norwegian film Wayfarers directed by Ola Solum.

Vagrancy
Vagrancy is the condition of wandering homelessness without regular employment or income. Vagrants usually live in poverty and support themselves by travelling while engaging in begging,  scavenging, or petty theft. In Western countries, vagrancy was historically a crime punishable with forced labor, military service, imprisonment, or confinement to dedicated labor houses.

Both vagrant and vagabond ultimately derive from the Latin word  vagari, meaning "to wander". The term vagabond and its archaic equivalent vagabone come from Latin vagabundus ("strolling about"). In Middle English, vagabond originally denoted a person without a home or employment.
Choristoneura carnana
Choristoneura carnana is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae first described by William Barnes and August Busck in 1920. It is found in the United States, where it has been recorded from California and Colorado.

The wingspan is 20–21 mm. Adults have been recorded on wing from May to September.

The larvae feed on Abies concolor, Pseudotsuga macrocarpa, Pseudotsuga menziesii and Pseudotsuga macrocarpa.

Douglas fir
The Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) is an evergreen conifer species in the pine family, Pinaceae. It is the tallest tree in the Pinaceae family.  It is native to western North America and is also known as Douglas-fir, Douglas spruce, Oregon pine, and Columbian pine. There are three varieties: coast Douglas-fir (P. menziesii var. menziesii), Rocky Mountain Douglas-fir (P. menziesii var. glauca) and Mexican Douglas-fir (P. menziesii var. lindleyana).

Despite its common names, it is not a true fir (genus Abies), spruce (genus Picea), or pine (genus Pinus). It is also not a hemlock (genus Tsuga); the genus name Pseudotsuga means "false hemlock".
Ürümqi County
Ürümqi County (Uyghur: ئۈرۈمچى ناھىيىسى) is a county of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Northwest China, under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Ürümqi, the capital of Xinjiang. It contains an area of 4,601 km2 (1,776 sq mi) and according to the 2002 census has a population of 80,000.

According to Xingjiang geographic graduate school of Chinese Section College, the geographical midpoint of Asia is located within the county. Urumqi Glacier No.1, the glacier closest to an urban area in the world is also in the county.

Geographical midpoint of Asia
The location of the geographical centre of Asia (Russian: Центр Азии; Tuvan: Азияның Төвү; Chinese: 亚洲地理中心) depends on the definition of the borders of Asia, and on the method of calculating the final result.

Also on the projection used (radial projection on the plane vs. projection on a geoid), there is no objectively correct way of finding "the centre of Asia". Thus, several places claim to host this hypothetical centre.

The first official declaration of the Centre of Asia was made in the 1890s by the British traveller, and calculated to be near the Manor house of Estate of Safyanov in Saldam (modern Tuva, Russia) at . There is a monument commemorating that fact in the estate garden.
Dunwich Group
The Dunwich Group is a Pleistocene lithostratigraphic group (a sequence of rock strata or other definable geological units) present in England north of the upper Thames and, downstream, a line drawn east from near Marlow to Clacton-on-Sea and which encompasses river terrace deposits of the Proto-Thames and other rivers. It unconformably overlies Triassic to Pleistocene bedrock and superficial deposits. In turn, it is often overlain by deposits of the Albion Glacigenic Group and sometimes by those of the Britannia Catchments Group or British Coastal Deposits Group and interfingers in places with those of the Crag Group. No deposits potentially assignable to the group have been identified north of East Anglia or the English Midlands; they are likely to have been destroyed or removed by glacial action.

Stratum
In geology and related fields, a stratum (pl.: strata) is a layer of rock or sediment characterized by certain lithologic properties or attributes that distinguish it from adjacent layers from which it is separated by visible surfaces known as either bedding surfaces or bedding planes. Prior to the publication of the International Stratigraphic Guide, older publications have defined a stratum as being either equivalent to a single bed or composed of a number of beds; as a layer greater than 1 cm in thickness and constituting a part of a bed; or a general term that includes both bed and lamina. Related terms are substrate and substratum (pl.substrata), a stratum underlying another stratum.
RTÉ Young People's Programming
RTÉ Young People's Programming (Irish: Cláracha do Dhaoine Óga RTÉ), also known as RTÉ Kids, is a division of Raidió Teilifís Éireann (RTÉ) and provides a range of national and international children's programming for RTÉ television, radio and online and also for the independent Irish language broadcaster TG4.

It broadcasts in English and Irish. The division is based at the RTÉ Television Centre in Donnybrook, Dublin. The department covers both Radio, Online and Television output for young people across RTÉ.

Up to 2016 RTÉ's Young People's Programming Department produced and commissioned content. Independent productions consists largely of animations, live action and entertainment programming, while much of the RTÉ's own produced children's content was studio based. In 2016 RTÉ began cutting funding to Young People's Programming, this resulted in RTÉ axing all in-house productions for children, with no increases to funding for independent producers.

TG4
TG4 (/ˌtiː dʒiː ˈkæhər/; Irish: TG Ceathair, pronounced [ˌtʲeːɟeː ˈcahəɾʲ]) is an Irish free-to-air public service television channel. It launched on 31 October 1996 and is available online and through its on-demand service TG4 Player in Ireland and beyond.

TG4 was initially known as Teilifís na Gaeilge (TnaG), before being renamed in 1999. It was the third national station to be launched in Ireland, after RTÉ One in 1961 (as Teilifís Éireann) and RTÉ Two in 1978. It was followed by a fourth channel, TV3 (now called Virgin Media One), in 1998.

On average 1.2m people watch TG4 in the Republic of Ireland every week. 650,000 viewers tune into the channel each day. It has a 2% share of the national television market in the Republic of Ireland and 3% of the national television market in Northern Ireland. The daily Irish-language programme schedule is its core service: seven hours of programming in Irish supported by a wide range of material in other languages, mostly English and French.
Far Niente Winery
Far Niente Winery is a winery based in Oakville, California, located within the Oakville AVA appellation. It was founded in 1885 by John Benson, but abandoned during Prohibition in 1919. The property was restored by Gil Nickel in 1979. The winery now produces wines from Cabernet Sauvignon and Chardonnay.

The name of the winery comes from the Italian phrase dolce far niente, meaning "the sweetness of doing nothing". It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Cabernet Sauvignon
Cabernet Sauvignon (French: [kabɛʁnɛ soviɲɔ̃]) is one of the world's most widely recognized red wine grape varieties. It is grown in nearly every major wine producing country among a diverse spectrum of climates from Australia and  British Columbia, Canada to Lebanon's Beqaa Valley.

This grape variety appeared in France in the 17th century as a result of natural crossbreeding. Its popularity is often attributed to its ease of cultivation—the grapes have thick skins and the vines are hardy and naturally low yielding, budding late to avoid frost and resistant to viticulture hazards.

The classic profile of Cabernet Sauvignon tends to be full-bodied wines with high tannins and noticeable acidity that contributes to the wine's aging potential. In cool areas, it has flavors of blackcurrant and green pepper; in warmer places, it may taste like black cherry and olive; in very hot climates, it can have a jammy flavor.