hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Charles K. Erwin
Charles K. Erwin (December 15, 1837 – January 7, 1905) was an American businessman and politician.

Born in Washington, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania, Erwin settled in Portage, Wisconsin in 1853. From 1855 to 1868, Erwin lived in Jo Daviess County, Illinois and then in Stephenson County, Illinois. During the American Civil War, Erwin served in the 45th Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment. In 1868, Erwin moved to Tomah, Wisconsin and was in the mercantile business. From 1879 to 1882 and 1886, Erwin served on the Tomah Board of Education and was president of the school board. From 1882 to 1889, Erwin served in the Wisconsin State Senate and was a Republican. In 1889, Erwin served as postmaster for Tomah, Wisconsin. In 1902, Erwin moved with his family to Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Erwin died suddenly in Savanna, Illinois just as he was about get on a train for a trip to Omaha, Nebraska.

Portage, Wisconsin
Portage is a city in Columbia County, Wisconsin, United States, and its county seat. The population was 10,581 at the 2020 census, making it the largest city in Columbia County. It is part of the Madison metropolitan area.

Portage was named for the Fox–Wisconsin Waterway, a portage between the Fox River and the Wisconsin River, which was recognized by Jacques Marquette and Louis Joliet during their discovery of a route to the Mississippi River in 1673. The city's slogan is "Where the North Begins."
Listed buildings in Kingston on Soar
Kingston on Soar is a civil parish in the Rushcliffe district of Nottinghamshire, England.  The parish contains 19 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.   Of these, one is listed at Grade I, the highest of the three grades, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade.  The parish contains the village of Kingston on Soar and the surrounding countryside.  The listed buildings include a church, its lychgate, a country house and associated structures, smaller houses and cottages, farmhouses and farm buildings, a bridge, a canal lock, a pumphouse, and a telephone kiosk.

Lychgate
A lychgate (from Old English līc, corpse) or resurrection gate is a covered gateway found at the entrance to a traditional English or English-style churchyard. Examples also exist outside the British Isles in places such as Canada, the Upland South and Texas in the United States, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Norway, and Sweden.
Weightlifting at the 2011 Pan American Games – Men's +105 kg
The men's +105 kg competition of the weightlifting events at the 2011 Pan American Games in Guadalajara, Mexico, was held on October 27 at the Weightlifting Forum.  The defending champion was Cristián Escalante from Chile. Escalante was scheduled to compete, however withdrew after testing positive for drugs.

Each lifter performed in both the snatch and clean and jerk lifts, with the final score being the sum of the lifter's best result in each. The athlete received three attempts in each of the two lifts; the score for the lift was the heaviest weight successfully lifted. This weightlifting event was the heaviest men's event at the weightlifting competition, limiting competitors to unlimited amount of kilograms of body mass.

Snatch (weightlifting)
The snatch is the first of two lifts contested in the sport of weightlifting (also known as Olympic weightlifting) followed by the clean and jerk. The objective of the snatch is to lift the barbell from the ground to overhead in one continuous motion. There are four main styles of snatch used: snatch (full snatch or squat snatch), split snatch, power snatch, and muscle snatch.  The full lift is the most common style used in competition, while power snatches and muscle snatches are mostly used for training purposes, and split snatches are now rarely used. Any of these lifts can be performed from the floor, from the hang position, or from blocks. In competition, only lifts from the floor are allowed.
Thomas Wynter
Thomas Wynter or Winter (c. 1510 – c. 1546) was the illegitimate son of Cardinal Thomas Wolsey by his mistress Joan Larke. Thanks to his father's patronage, Wynter held a number of lucrative ecclesiastical offices in England, including the Archdeacon of York, Richmond, Cornwall, Provost of Beverley and Dean of Wells Cathedral. Much of the revenue from these offices flowed into the hands of his father. Following Wolsey's death in 1530 Wynter was left without a protector and he was obliged to surrender many, though not all, of his positions in the church.

Archdeacon of Richmond and Craven
The Archdeacon of Richmond and Craven is an archdiaconal post in the Church of England. It was created in about 1088 within the See of York and was moved in 1541 to the See of Chester, in 1836 to the  See of Ripon and after 2014 to the See of Leeds, in which jurisdiction it remains today. It is divided into seven rural deaneries: Ewecross, Harrogate, Richmond, Ripon, Skipton, and Wensley, all in Yorkshire and Bowland in Lancashire.
Malibu, British Columbia
Malibu is a locality in the Canadian province of British Columbia's Sunshine Coast district. This place may also be referred to as Malibu Islet and Malibu Rapids. This was the site of the Malibu Club, formerly a private resort which is today a Young Life camp.

Malibu is at the mouth of the Princess Louisa Inlet and Swaywelat Sechelt Bands 12 and 12A. It is only accessible by boat or by seaplane.

Sunshine Coast (British Columbia)
The Sunshine Coast is a geographic subregion of the British Columbia Coast that generally comprises the regional districts of qathet and Sunshine Coast.

While populous and frequently visited by tourists, the Sunshine Coast can be reached only by ferry (BC Ferries) or by floatplane, as no access roads have been built around or across the fjords separating it from the rest of the province. It can also be reached via commercial aircraft (Pacific Coastal Airlines) using the Powell River Airport (CYPW) or private or chartered aircraft using the Sechelt Aerodrome (CAP3).
Chii-Dong Lin
Chii-Dong Lin (born 1946) is a Taiwanese physicist.

Lin was born in 1946, and is a native of Changhua County. After graduating from National Taiwan University in 1969, he earned a doctorate from the University of Chicago in 1974 and was a postdoctoral fellow at Harvard University until 1976, when he joined the Kansas State University faculty. In 1985, Lin was elected a fellow of the American Physical Society, "[f]or his pioneering hyperspherical coordinate analyses of two electron atoms and ions, and his contribution to the development of the relativistic random phase approximation for atomic photoionization. In 1990, Lin was appointed to a distinguished professorship.

Changhua County
Changhua (Wade-Giles: Chang¹-hua⁴) is a county of Taiwan, that is the smallest on the main island of Taiwan by area, and the fourth smallest in the country. With a total population of 1.24 million, Changhua County is the most populous county in the Republic of China. Its capital is Changhua City and it is part of the Taichung–Changhua metropolitan area.
Jira Studio
Jira Studio was an integrated, hosted software development suite developed by Atlassian Software Systems. Jira Studio included Subversion for revision control, Jira for issue tracking and bug tracking, Confluence for content management, Jira Agile (previously known as GreenHopper)

Jira Studio was retired in February 2013. The Atlassian Cloud offers the same SaaS hosted model, integrations, and plugin capability, but is licensed per product.

Issue tracking system
An issue tracking system (also ITS, trouble ticket system, support ticket, request management or incident ticket system) is a computer software package that manages and maintains lists of issues. Issue tracking systems are generally used in collaborative settings, especially in large or distributed collaborations, but can also be employed by individuals as part of a time management or personal productivity regimen. These systems often encompass resource allocation, time accounting, priority management, and oversight workflow in addition to implementing a centralized issue registry.
Albert Bruntnell
Albert Bruntnell (4 August 1866 – 31 January 1929) was an Australian politician. He was a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly from 1906 until his death and held a number of ministerial positions in the Government of New South Wales. He was a conservative and at various times he represented the Liberal and Reform and the Nationalist parties.

Nationalist Party (Australia)
The Nationalist Party, also known as the National Party, was an Australian political party. It was formed in February 1917 from a merger between the Liberal Party and the National Labor Party, the latter formed by Prime Minister Billy Hughes and his supporters after the 1916 Labor Party split over World War I conscription. The Nationalist Party was established as a 'united' non-Labor opposition that had remained a political trend once the Labor party established itself in federal politics. The party  was in government (from 1923 in coalition with the Country Party) until electoral defeat in 1929. From that time it was the main opposition to the Labor Party until it merged with pro-Joseph Lyons Labor defectors to form the United Australia Party (UAP) in 1931. The party is a direct ancestor of the Liberal Party of Australia, the main centre-right party in Australia.
Synsphyronus leo
Synsphyronus leo is a species of pseudoscorpion in the Garypidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 1987 by Australian arachnologist Mark Harvey. The specific epithet leo (Latin: 'lion') refers both to the type locality and the relatively large size of the species.

Mark Harvey (arachnologist)
Mark Stephen Harvey (born 17 September 1958) is a museum scientist and biologist specializing in Australian arachnids. Since 1989 he has been based at the Western Australian Museum as Curator of Arachnids and Myriapods. He has described over 1,000 species, being one of the few biologists to do so.
AirLony Skylane
The AirLony Skylane UL is a Czech two-seat, microlight, cabin monoplane manufactured by AirLony of Štětí.

The AirLony Skylane design was inspired by the much larger four-seat Cessna 182 Skylane, which it greatly resembles. The manufacturer calls it a  "small Cessna".

Štětí
Štětí (Czech pronunciation: [ˈʃcɛtiː]; German: Wegstädtl) is a town in Litoměřice District in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 8,600 inhabitants. It lies on the Elbe River. It is an industrial town known for the largest paper mill in the country.
West End Tournament
The West End Tournament was a golf tournament held in Australia from 1962 to 1974. The events were held at Victor Harbor Golf Club, Victor Harbor, South Australia. Kel Nagle won the event five times between 1966 and 1974. The event was sponsored by the South Australian Brewing Company, brewers of West End Draught. Total prize money was A£500 in 1962, A£1,000 in 1963 and 1964, A£1,500 in 1965, A$3,000 in 1966 and 1967, A$4,000 from 1968 to 1970, A$5,000 in 1971 and 1972 and A$7,000 in 1973 and 1974.

Victor Harbor, South Australia
Victor Harbor is a town in the Australian state of South Australia located within the City of Victor Harbor on the south coast of the Fleurieu Peninsula, about 82 kilometres (51 mi) south of the state capital of Adelaide. The town is the largest population centre on the peninsula, with an economy based upon agriculture, fisheries, and tourism. It is a popular tourist destination, with the area's population greatly expanded during the summer holidays, usually by Adelaide locals looking to escape the summer heat.

The coast stretching for around 50 km (31 mi) from west of Victor Harbor along to Goolwa is often referred to as the South Coast, especially among surfers, as many of the beaches on this stretch are popular surfing spots.

It is a popular destination with South Australian high school graduates for their end of year celebrations, known colloquially as schoolies.
Kemp Davidson, Lord Davidson
The Hon Charles Kemp Davidson, Lord Davidson FRSE (13 April 1929 – 18 June 2009) was a Scottish lawyer who rose to be a Senator of the College of Justice and Dean of the Faculty of Advocates. He was Chairman of the Scottish Law Commission 1988 to 1996.

Faculty of Advocates
The Faculty of Advocates (Scottish Gaelic: Dàmh an Luchd-tagraidh) is an independent body of lawyers who have been admitted to practise as advocates before the courts of Scotland, especially the Court of Session and the High Court of Justiciary. The Faculty of Advocates is a constituent part of the College of Justice and is based in Edinburgh.

Advocates are privileged to plead in any cause before any of the courts of Scotland, including the sheriff courts and district courts, where counsel are not excluded by statute.
Ohio Department of Rehabilitation and Correction
The Ohio Department of Rehabilitation and Correction (DRC or ODRC) is the administrative department for the state of Ohio responsible for oversight of its adult prison system, along with its inmate population. Ohio's prison system is the sixth-largest in America, with 27 adult prisons and three facilities for juveniles. Inmates are classified with a security level of 1 through 4, including a special classification level of "E", with level 1 being the lowest and least restrictive, while level "E" is the highest, with the most restrictive security control measures in place. In December 2018, the number of inmates in Ohio totaled 49,255, with the prison system spending nearly $1.8 billion that year. ODRC headquarters are located in Columbus.

Prisoner
A prisoner, also known as an inmate or detainee, is a person who is deprived of liberty against their will. This can be by confinement or captivity in a prison or physical restraint. The term usually applies to one serving a sentence in prison.
Lealamanua
Lealamanua is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Kas Lealamanua (born 1976), Samoan rugby union player

Ruta Lealamanua (born 1974), New Zealand softball player

Tolotear Lealamanua (born 1983), Australian volleyball player

Kas Lealamanua
Kasiano "Kas" Lealamanua (born 15 December 1976) is a Samoan rugby union player. Lealamanua plays Prop for Saracens in the Guinness Premiership. Having previously played for Biarritz and US Dax for a number of seasons in the Top 14.
Lealamanua has represented Samoa a number of times, at both the 2003 and 2007 world cups. Lealamanua has also represented the Pacific Islanders 2008.
Jean Sok
Jean Sok also known as BBoy Hourth, is a French-born one-legged professional breakdancer.

Sok is known for performing in Cirque du Soleil's Michael Jackson tribute The Immortal World Tour and performance at the 2012 Billboard Music Awards as a backup dancer for Goodie Mob. He uses “b-boy” style techniques and incorporates his crutches into his moves,. He uses his crutches as an extension of his arms.

Sok started dancing at age 15.

Breakdancing
Breakdancing or breaking, also called b-boying (when performed by men) or b-girling (women), is a style of street dance developed by African Americans and Puerto Ricans in The Bronx borough of New York City.

Breakdancing consists mainly of four kinds of movement—toprock, footwork, power moves, and freezes—and is typically set to songs containing drum breaks, especially in funk, soul, and hip-hop. Its modern dance elements originated among the poor youth of New York during the 1970s and early 1980s. It is tied to the birth of hip-hop, whose DJs played songs featuring rhythmic breaks for dancers.

The dance form has expanded globally, with an array of organizations and independent competitions supporting its growth. Breaking became an Olympic sport at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris, as per a December 7, 2020 decision by the International Olympic Committee, after a proposal by the World DanceSport Federation.
Drôme
Drôme (French pronunciation: [dʁom] ⓘ; Occitan: Droma; Arpitan: Drôma) is the southernmost department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of Southeastern France. Named after the river Drôme, it had a population of 516,762 as of 2019. Drôme's prefecture is Valence.

The southern portion of the Drôme, closest to Provence, is often known as the fr:Drôme Provençale.

Prefectures in France
In France, a prefecture (French: préfecture, pronounced [pʁefɛktyʁ] ⓘ) may be:

the chef-lieu de département, the commune in which the administration of a department is located;

the chef-lieu de région, the commune in which the administration of a region is located;

the jurisdiction of a prefecture;

the official residence or headquarters of a prefect.

Although the administration of departments and regions is distinct, a regional prefect is ex officio prefect of the department in which the regional prefecture is located. The officeholder has authority upon the other prefects in the region on a range of matters.
Collegium Regale
Collegium Regale is a collection of choral settings by the English composer Herbert Howells of the canticles for the Anglican services of Mattins, Holy Communion and Evening Prayer. Scored for four-part choir, solo tenor and organ, the pieces were written between 1944 and 1956 "for the King's College, Cambridge" (Collegium Regale in Latin). The first of the pieces were first published by Novello in 1947, and they have become a popular piece of music in the Anglican church music repertoire.

Nunc dimittis
The Nunc dimittis (English: /nʊŋk dɪˈmɪtɪs/), also known as the Song of Simeon or the Canticle of Simeon, is a canticle taken from the second chapter of the Gospel of Luke, verses 29 to 32. Its Latin name comes from its incipit, the opening words, of the Vulgate translation of the passage, meaning "Now you let depart". Since the 4th century it has been used in Christian services of evening worship such as Compline, Vespers, and Evensong.
Zingales
Zingales is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Francesco Zingales (1884–1959), Italian general

Luigi Zingales (born 1963), Italian finance professor

Matteo Zingales (born 1980), Australian film score composer

Luigi Zingales
Luigi Zingales (Italian pronunciation: [luˈiːdʒi ddziŋˈɡaːles]; born 8 February 1963) is an Italian economist who is a finance professor at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business. His book Saving Capitalism from the Capitalists (2003) is a study of "relationship capitalism". In A Capitalism for the People: Recapturing the Lost Genius of American Prosperity (2012), Zingales "suggests that channeling populist anger can reinvigorate the power of competition and reverse the movement toward a 'crony system'."
Jerry Dyer
Jerry Phillip Dyer (born May 3, 1959) is an American politician and former law enforcement officer. He is the 26th and current mayor of Fresno, California. Previously, he served as the chief of the Fresno Police Department.

Chief of police
A chief of police (COP) is an appointed official or an elected one in the chain of command of a police department, particularly in North America. A chief of police may also be known as a police chief or sometimes just a chief, while some countries favour other titles such as commissioner or chief constable. A police chief is appointed by and answerable to a state or local government.
Gaoussou Diakité
Gaoussou Diakité (born 26 September 2005) is a Malian professional footballer who plays as a forward for Swiss Super League club Lausanne-Sport, on loan from Austrian Bundesliga club Red Bull Salzburg.

Swiss Super League
The Super League (also known as the Brack Super League for sponsorship reasons) is a professional association football league in Switzerland and the highest level of the Swiss football league system. It has been played in its current format since the 2003–04 season. The Swiss Super League is ranked 16th in Europe according to UEFA's ranking of league coefficients, which is based upon Swiss team performances in European competitions. The 2025–26 season is the 129th season of the Swiss top-flight, making it the longest continuously running top-flight national league.
J. W. Arrowsmith Ltd
J. W. Arrowsmith Ltd was a book printer and publisher based in Bristol, England. It became a limited company in 1911, having been an unincorporated company named Arrowsmith. It was closed in 2006.

The company published the first edition of the novel Three Men in a Boat by Jerome K. Jerome in 1889. Also published by J. W. Arrowsmith were:

Called Back by Hugh Conway (1883)

The Taking of Dover by Horace Francis Lester (1888)

Diary of a Pilgrimage by Jerome K. Jerome (1891)

The Great Shadow by Arthur Conan Doyle (1892)

The Diary of a Nobody by George and Weedon Grossmith (1892)

Rupert of Hentzau by Anthony Hope (1898)

Three Men on the Bummel by Jerome K. Jerome (1900)

Anthony Hope
Sir Anthony Hope Hawkins (9 February 1863 – 8 July 1933), better known as Anthony Hope, was a British novelist and playwright.  He was a prolific writer, especially of adventure novels but he is remembered predominantly for only two books: The Prisoner of Zenda (1894) and its sequel Rupert of Hentzau (1898).

These works, "minor classics" of English literature, are set in the contemporaneous fictional country of Ruritania and spawned the genre known as Ruritanian romance, books set in fictional European locales similar to the novels. Zenda has inspired many adaptations, most notably the 1937 Hollywood movie of the same name and the 1952 version.
Partridge Lake (Partridge River)
Partridge Lake is a lake in Cochrane District in Northeastern Ontario, Canada. It is the source of the Partridge River from an outflow at middle of the east side of the lake; the Partridge River flows to James Bay. There are five unnamed inflows to the lake.

Cochrane District
Cochrane District is a district and census division in Northeastern Ontario in the Canadian province of Ontario. It was created in 1921 from parts of Timiskaming and Thunder Bay districts.

In 2021, the district's population was 77,963, with a land area of 141,268.51 km2 (54,544.08 sq mi), making it slightly smaller than the US state of Michigan and the second largest district in Ontario after Kenora District. The district seat is Cochrane.

Bennet Lake Esker Kame Complex Conservation Reserve is located in Cochrane District.
Ennum Nanmakal
Ennum Nanmakal is a 1991 Malayalam film directed by Sathyan Anthikkadu and written by Raghunath Paleri. It stars Sreenivasan, Jayaram, Santhi Krishna, in the lead roles, along with Shari, Saranya Ponvannan, KPAC Lalitha, Innocent, Sankaradi, Oduvil Unnikrishnan, Jagadeesh, and Mamukkoya in other pivotal roles.

Oduvil Unnikrishnan
Oduvil Unnikrishnan (13 February 1943 – 27 May 2006) was an Indian actor who worked in Malayalam cinema. He portrayed supporting roles in both dramatic and comedic roles. He is a four-time winner of Kerala State Film Awards.