hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nechtan of Aberdeen
Nechtan of Aberdeen is the first Bishop of Aberdeen after the seat of the bishopric had been moved to Aberdeen from Mortlach. The only contemporary sources for Bishop Nechtan are charters; he appears as "Nectan escob Abberdeon" in a Gaelic charter recorded in the notitiae on the Book of Deer, a charter which explicitly dates to "the eighth year of the reign of David", that is, 1131. He also appears in a charter granted to him by King David I of Scotland, a charter which the modern editor dates to 1137.

Later Medieval authorities make specific claims about dates. Hector Boece, for instance, wrote that Nechtan became bishop in 1122, and that Nechtan ruled Mortlach for 14 years, and a further 17 years at Aberdeen. Moreover, Gavin Dunbar, a 16th-century Archbishop of Glasgow, wrote in his Epistolare that Nechtan's see was moved from Mortlach to Aberdeen in the year 1125, partially contradicting the account of Boece. Neither source is particularly reliable.

Archbishop of Glasgow
The Archbishop of Glasgow is an archiepiscopal title that takes its name after the city of Glasgow in Scotland. The position and title were abolished by the Church of Scotland in 1689; and, in the Catholic Church, the title was restored by Pope Leo XIII in 1878. In the Scottish Episcopal Church, it is now part of the Episcopal bishopric of Glasgow and Galloway.

The present Catholic archbishop is William Nolan, who was installed on 26 February 2022.
Joachim Lemelsen
Joachim Lemelsen (28 September 1888 – 30 March 1954) was a German general during World War II who rose to army-level command.

During Operation Barbarossa, the invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941, troops of the XLVII Motorized Corps under his command executed the criminal Commissar Order, prompting Lemelsen to complain: "Soon the Russians will get to hear about the countless corpses lying along the routes taken by our soldiers (...). The result will be that the enemy will hide in the woods and fields and continue to fight--and we shall lose countless comrades".

Commissar Order
The Commissar Order (German: Kommissarbefehl) was an order issued by the German High Command (OKW) on 6 June 1941 before Operation Barbarossa. Its official name was Guidelines for the Treatment of Political Commissars (Richtlinien für die Behandlung politischer Kommissare). It instructed the Wehrmacht that any Soviet political commissar identified among captured troops be summarily executed as a purported enforcer of the so-called Judeo-Bolshevism ideology in military forces. It is one of a series of criminal orders issued by the Nazi leadership.

According to the order, all those prisoners who could be identified as "thoroughly bolshevised or as active representatives of the Bolshevist ideology" should also be killed.
Scoot Networks
Scoot Networks, also known as just Scoot or Scoot Rides, is an American company which provides public electric scooter and electric bicycle sharing systems. The company is based in San Francisco, California.

Bicycle-sharing system
A bicycle-sharing system, bike share program, public bicycle scheme, or public bike share (PBS) scheme, is a shared transport service where bicycles or electric bicycles are available for shared use by individuals at low cost.

The programmes themselves include both docking and dockless systems; docking systems allow users to rent a bike from a dock (i.e. a technology-enabled bicycle rack) and return at another node or dock within the system, while dockless systems offer a node-free system relying on smart technology. In either format, systems may incorporate smartphone web mapping to locate available bikes and docks.

With its antecedents in grassroots mid-1960s efforts, by 2022, bike share schemes were offered by approximately 3,000 cities worldwide, including Dubai, New York, Paris, Mexico City, Montreal and Barcelona.
Unisex
Unisex is an adjective indicating something is not sex-specific, i.e. is suitable for any type of sex. The term can also mean gender-blindness or gender neutrality.

The term 'unisex' was coined in the 1960s and was used fairly informally. The combining prefix uni- is from Latin unus, meaning one or single. However, 'unisex' seems to have been influenced by words such as united and universal, in which uni- takes the related sense shared. Unisex then means shared by sexes.

Adjective
An adjective (abbreviated ADJ) is a word that describes or defines a noun or noun phrase. Its semantic role is to change information given by the noun.
The adjective is considered one of the main parts of speech of the English language, although historically they were classed together with nouns. Nowadays, certain words that usually had been classified as adjectives, including the, this, my, etc., typically are classed separately, as determiners.

Examples:

That used to be an immensely funny idea. (Prepositive attributive)

That idea is funny. (Predicative)

Tell me something funny. (Postpositive attributive)

The good, the bad, and the funny. (Substantive)

Clara Oswald, completely funny, died three times. (Appositive)
Patricia Kambesis
Patricia Kambesis (born November 7, 1952) is an American caver, cartographer and educator.

Kambesis is a professor at Western Kentucky University, instructing students the fields of geography and geographic information systems (GIS). Kambesis coauthored the book Deep Secrets: The Discovers & Exploration of Lechuguilla Cave, which was first published in 1999. She has also authored, coauthored or otherwise contributed to numerous papers and articles on karst related subjects. Her work has been published by the National Speleological Society, Cave Research Foundation, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, International Union of Speleology, and Geological Society of America, among others.

Kambesis is a fellow of the National Speleological Society and Cave Research Foundation.

International Union of Speleology
International Union of Speleology (French: Union Internationale de Spéléologie, UIS) is a scientific non-governmental organization dedicated to the international promotion and coordination of cave and karst research. Founded in 1965, UIS is a member of the International Science Council in Paris and cooperates with UNESCO. In 2021–2022, UIS organized the International Year of Caves and Karst.
Magomed Kurbanaliev
Magomed Magomedvich Kurbanaliev (Avar: КъурбангІалиев МухІамадил МухІамад Russian: Магомед Магомедович Курбаналиев; born 6 August 1992) is a Russian former freestyle wrestler. He is 2016 World Freestyle Wrestling Champion in 70 kg. He competes in the 66 kg division and won the gold medal in the same division at the 2013 Summer Universiade defeating David Safaryan of Armenia. Also he won bronze at the 2013 World Wrestling Championships in Budapest. At the Golden Grand Prix Ivan Yarygin 2016 he resigned after in the final due to his knee injury. He went on winning the World Military Championships in 2016. Recently he won the Golden Grand Prix Ivan Yarygin 2018.

Avar language
Avar (авар мацӏ, avar maⱬ [ʔaˈwar mat͡sʼː] or магӏарул мацӏ, maⱨarul maⱬ [maʕarul mat͡sʼː], 'language of the mountains'), also known as Avaric, is a Northeast Caucasian language of the Avar–Andic subgroup that is spoken by Avars, primarily in Dagestan. In 2010, there were approximately one million speakers in Dagestan and elsewhere in Russia.
Baby furniture
Baby furniture refers to furniture created for babies. It is often used to help the parents of the baby keep it safe and comfortable in the home. Before baby furniture, parents would sleep with their children in their own beds, which could be dangerous for the child. Eventually, infant beds started to be built with the child's safety in mind; the intention was to keep the baby from rolling off the bed, so mangers and bassinets were created. Over time, more furniture was created with the infant's safety in mind, and there are several types and functionalities of these. Typical pieces include an infant bed (such as a crib, bassinet, or cradle), changing table, high chair, playpen, baby walker, and toy chest. Products, features, and costs vary between countries and have changed over time. Safety is of paramount importance.

Chest (furniture)
A chest (also called a coffer or kist) is a type of furniture typically having a rectangular structure with four walls and a removable or hinged lid, often rounded. It is primarily used for storage, usually of personal items, articles of clothing, or in popular culture, treasure. The interior space may be subdivided into compartments or sections to organize its contents more effectively.
Håkan Westin
Håkan Westin, born 21 July 1964 in Ed Parish, Sweden, is a Swedish former cross-country skier. He has won Vasaloppet two times: in 1993 and 1996. He is also, 15 generations backwards in time, ancestor of Gustav Vasa.

Håkan Westin is the brother of Swedish cross-country skier Marie-Helene Östlund.

Vasaloppet
Vasaloppet (Swedish for 'the Vasa race') is an annual long distance cross-country ski race held on the first Sunday of March. The 90 km (56 mi) course starts in the village of Berga, just south of Sälen in western Dalarna, Sweden, and ends in the town of Mora in the central part of the province. It is the oldest cross-country ski race in the world, as well as the one with the highest number of participants.

The race was inspired by a notable journey King Gustav Vasa made from Mora to Sälen when he was fleeing from Christian II's soldiers during the winter of 1520–1521. According to legend, he fled on skis. The modern competition started in 1922 and it has been a part of the Worldloppet events since 1979.
Colombia–Panama border
The Colombia–Panama border is the 339-kilometer-long (211 mi) international boundary between Colombia and Panama. It also splits the Darién Gap, a break across the North American and South American continents. This large watershed, forest, and mountainous area is in the north-western portion of Colombia's Chocó Department and south-eastern portion of Panama's Darién Province.

There is also a gap in the Pan-American Highway that begins in Turbo, Colombia, and ends in Yaviza, Panama, and is 106 km (66 mi) long. Road-building through this area is expensive and the environmental cost is high, and no political consensus in favour of road construction has emerged.

Vasco Núñez de Balboa
Vasco Núñez de Balboa (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈbasko ˈnuɲeθ ðe βalˈβo.a]; c. 1475 – around January 12–21, 1519) was a Spanish explorer, governor, conquistador, adelantado, and a pirate. He is best known for being the first European to discover the Pacific Ocean while crossing the Isthmus of Panama in 1513.

He traveled to the New World in 1500 and, after some exploration, settled on the island of Hispaniola. He founded the settlement of Santa María la Antigua del Darién in present-day Colombia in 1510, which was the first permanent European settlement on the mainland of the Americas (a settlement by Alonso de Ojeda the previous year at San Sebastián de Urabá had already been abandoned).
Sunabeda
Sunabeda is an industrial town and a municipality in the state of Odisha, India, located in the valleys of the Koraput region. The Engine division and Sukhoi division of the aircraft manufacturing company Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL), a public sector undertaking (PSU) of Ministry of Defence, which manufactures the Saturn AL-31 engines for the Sukhoi Su-30MKI Flanker fighter jet fleet of the Indian Air Force, is in Sunabeda.

Other major establishments of this town are Naval Armament Depot (NAD), State government offices, Sports Authority of India hostel, Central University of Orissa  (CUO) and Battalion headquarter of Commando Battalion for Resolute Action (CoBRA).

Saturn AL-31
The Saturn AL-31 (originally Lyulka) is a family of axial flow turbofan engines, developed by the Lyulka-Saturn design bureau in the Soviet Union, now NPO Saturn in Russia, originally as a 12.5-tonne (122.6 kN, 27,560 lbf) powerplant for the Sukhoi Su-27 long range air superiority fighter. The AL-31 currently powers the Su-27 family of combat aircraft and some variants of the Chengdu J-10 multirole jet fighter. Assembly of the engine is also performed under license in India by HAL, for the Sukhoi Su-30MKI. Improved variants power the fifth-generation Sukhoi Su-57 and Chengdu J-20.
SRT-3025
SRT-3025 is an experimental drug that was studied by Sirtris Pharmaceuticals as a small-molecule activator of the sirtuin subtype SIRT1. It has been investigated as a potential treatment for osteoporosis, and anemia.

Sirtuin 1
Sirtuin 1, also known as NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SIRT1 gene.

SIRT1 stands for sirtuin (silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog) 1 (S. cerevisiae), referring to the fact that its sirtuin homolog (biological equivalent across species) in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) is Sir2.  SIRT1 is an enzyme located primarily in the cell nucleus that deacetylates transcription factors that contribute to cellular regulation (reaction to stressors, longevity).
1990 Scottish National Party leadership election
There was a Scottish National Party leadership election to choose the new leader of the Scottish National Party (SNP) in 1990.  The election followed the announcement by SNP Leader Gordon Wilson, that he would not seek re-nomination as party leader.

Two candidates presented themselves for election.  Alex Salmond, the party's depute leader and Member of Parliament for Banff and Buchan, and Margaret Ewing,  MP for Moray, who had served as depute leader until 1987.  Both candidates were seen as being on the left-wing of the party.

Jim Sillars, the party's other Westminster MP, supported Ewing.  Although Ewing's official campaign remained positive, Silllars created an unofficial group of Ewing supporters who were highly critical of Salmond.

The result of the election was announced at the party conference, held in Perth on 22 September.  Salmond won the election by 486 votes to 186, a larger-than-expected margin.

Gordon Wilson (Scottish politician)
Robert Gordon Wilson (16 April 1938 – 25 June 2017) was a Scottish politician and solicitor. He was the leader of the Scottish National Party (SNP) from 1979 to 1990, and was SNP Member of Parliament (MP) for Dundee East from 1974 to 1987. He was Rector of the University of Dundee from 1983 to 1986.
Dan Wool
Dan Wool is an American composer and sound designer based in San Francisco. He is known for his work across feature films, television, themed entertainment, dance, and experimental installations. Wool has composed music for over 45 feature films and numerous television projects, and was a longtime member of the soundtrack group Pray for Rain.

Tippett Studio
Tippett Studio is an American visual effects and computer animation company specializing in computer graphics (CG) for films and television commercials. The studio has created visual effects and animations on over fifty feature films and commercials, garnering an Academy Award, four Clio Awards and two Emmy Awards. The company currently consists of approximately 150 employees, with offices located in Berkeley, California.
2-nitroimidazole nitrohydrolase
2-nitroimidazole nitrohydrolase (EC 3.5.99.9, NnhA, 2NI nitrohydrolase, 2NI denitrase) is an enzyme with systematic name 2-nitroimidazole nitrohydrolase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

2-nitroimidazole + H2O  imidazol-2-one + nitrite

This enzyme is present in the soil bacterium Mycobacterium sp. JS330

Mycobacterium
Mycobacterium is a genus of over 190 species of  Gram-positive bacteria in the phylum Actinomycetota, assigned its own family, Mycobacteriaceae. This genus includes pathogens known to cause serious diseases in mammals, including tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) and leprosy (M. leprae) in humans. The Greek prefix myco- means 'fungus', alluding to this genus's mold-like colony surfaces. Since this genus has cell walls with a waxy lipid-rich outer layer containing high concentrations of mycolic acid, acid-fast staining is used to emphasize their resistance to acids, compared to other cell types.

Mycobacterial species are generally aerobic, non-motile, and capable of growing with minimal nutrition. The genus is divided based on each species's pigment production and growth rate. While most Mycobacterium species are non-pathogenic, the genus's characteristic complex cell wall contributes to evasion from host defenses.
Danske Commodities
Danske Commodities (DC) is an energy trading house. The company is an international trader of energy-related commodities such as electric power, gas and climate market products with activities in 40+ countries.

Electric power
Electric power is the rate of transfer of electrical energy within a circuit. Its SI unit is the watt, the general unit of power, defined as one joule per second. Standard prefixes apply to watts as with other SI units: thousands, millions and billions of watts are called kilowatts, megawatts and gigawatts respectively.

In common parlance, electric power is the production and delivery of electrical energy, an essential public utility in much of the world. Electric power is usually produced by electric generators, but can also be supplied by sources such as electric batteries. It is usually supplied to businesses and homes (as domestic mains electricity) by the electric power industry through an electrical grid.

Electric power can be delivered over long distances by transmission lines and used for applications such as motion, light or heat with high efficiency.
Leibniz operator
In abstract algebraic logic, a branch of mathematical logic, the Leibniz operator is a tool used to classify deductive systems, which have a precise technical definition and capture a large number of logics. The Leibniz operator was introduced by Wim Blok and Don Pigozzi, two of the founders of the field, as a means to abstract the well-known Lindenbaum–Tarski process, that leads to the association of Boolean algebras to classical propositional calculus, and make it applicable to as wide a variety of sentential logics as possible. It is an operator that assigns to a given theory of a given sentential logic, perceived as a term algebra with a consequence operation on its universe, the largest congruence on the algebra that is compatible with the theory.

Formal system
A formal system (or deductive system) is an abstract structure and formalization of an axiomatic system used for deducing, using rules of inference, theorems from axioms.

In 1921, David Hilbert proposed to use formal systems as the foundation of knowledge in mathematics.
However, in 1931 Kurt Gödel proved that any consistent formal system sufficiently powerful to express basic arithmetic cannot prove its own completeness. This effectively showed that Hilbert's program was impossible as stated.

The term formalism is sometimes a rough synonym for formal system, but it also refers to a given style of notation, for example, Paul Dirac's bra–ket notation.
1912 All England Badminton Championships
The 1912 All England Open Badminton Championships was a badminton tournament held at the Royal Horticultural Hall, Westminster, England from February 27 to March 3, 1912.

Frank Chesterton regained his men's singles title after missing the 1911 Championships. Former women's champion Ethel Thomson returned as Mrs Larcombe after several years absence and reached the singles before being beaten by the defending champion Margaret Tragett (also playing under her new married name).

Henry Norman Marrett played under the name A. N. Other.

Henry Norman Marrett
Henry Norman Marrett (born 15 December 1879 in Umballa) was a male badminton and tennis player from England.

Marrett won the All England Open Badminton Championships, considered the unofficial World Badminton Championships, in men's singles in 1904, 1905 and 1908.

Marrett also played tennis he competed at the 1904 Wimbledon Championships where he reached the second round before losing to Arthur Gore. He won two career singles titles at the Kent Coast Championships in 1903 held in Hythe, and the Essex Championships in 1920 held in .

He married fellow badminton player Florence Lannowe.
Michael Pritchett
Michael Pritchett is an American author best known for his novel The Melancholy Fate of Capt. Lewis.  Pritchett teaches at the University of Missouri in Kansas City.  He is a graduate of the University of Missouri and holds a Masters of Fine Arts in creative writing from Warren Wilson College. He won a Dana Award in 2000.

His fiction has been anthologized in well-known journals, including Passages North, Natural Bridge and New Letters.

New Letters
New Letters, the name it has been published under since 1970, is one of the oldest literary magazines in the United States and continues to publish award-winning poems and fiction. The magazine is based in Kansas City, Missouri.
Phillip E. Johnson
Phillip E. Johnson (June 18, 1940 – November 2, 2019) was an American legal scholar and authority on criminal law who was the Jefferson E. Peyser Professor of Law at the University of California, Berkeley. He co-founded the Center for Science and Culture (CSC) at the Discovery Institute and was one of the leaders of the intelligent design movement, along with William Dembski and Michael Behe. Johnson described himself as "in a sense the father of the intelligent design movement".

Johnson was an opponent of "fully naturalistic evolution, involving chance mechanisms and natural selection". Johnson argued that scientists accepted the theory of evolution "before it was rigorously tested, and thereafter used all their authority to convince the public that naturalistic processes are sufficient to produce a human from a bacterium, and a bacterium from a mix of chemicals."

Reason (magazine)
Reason is an American libertarian monthly magazine published by the Reason Foundation. As of 2024, the magazine has a circulation of about 50,000 (print and online), reaching nearly two million social media followers.
Members of the Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly, 1992–1995
This is a list of the members of the second parliament of the Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly, which operated from 1992 to 1995. It was the last to be elected under the one-electorate modified D'Hondt method, before the Territory was divided up into three electorates, as it would remain until 2016.

1  Helen Szuty was elected on the Moore Independents Group ticket, but sat in the Assembly as an independent.

2  Liberal member Lou Westende resigned on 25 July 1994. The vacancy was filled by Liberal Bill Stefaniak.

Lou Westende
Laurus "Lou" Vant Westende (28 November 1925 – 28 August 2020) was an Australian politician and was a member elected to the multi-member single constituency second Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly for the Liberal Party at the 1992 general election. Westende resigned from the Assembly on 25 July 1994, and, on the basis of a countback, Bill Stefaniak was appointed to fill the casual vacancy.

Westende was born in Heerenhook, Netherlands and settled in Australia during 1951.
Wola Pierowa
Wola Pierowa [ˈvɔla pjɛˈrɔva] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Nowe Ostrowy, within Kutno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 17 km (11 mi) north-west of Kutno and 65 km (40 mi) north of the regional capital Łódź.

Kutno County
Kutno County (Polish: powiat kutnowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999 as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Kutno, which lies 51 kilometres (32 mi) north of the regional capital Łódź. The county also contains the towns of Żychlin, lying 18 km (11 mi) east of Kutno, and Krośniewice, 14 km (9 mi) west of Kutno.

The county covers an area of 886.29 square kilometres (342.2 sq mi). As of 2006, its total population was 104,124, out of which the population of Kutno was 47,557, that of Żychlin is 8,880, that of Krośniewice was 4,647, and the rural population was 43,040.