hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Makar (surname)
Makar is the surname of the following people

Cale Makar (born 1998), Canadian hockey player

Dzmitry Makar (born 1981), Belarusian football player

Jimmy Makar (born 1956), American car racing official

Morena Makar (born 1985), Croatian snowboarder

Nancy Hogshead-Makar (born 1962), American swimmer

Oksana Makar (1993-2012), Ukrainian murder victim, see Murder of Oksana Makar

Scott Makar, American lawyer, college professor and judge

Taylor Makar (born 2001), Canadian hockey player

Volodymyr Makar (born 1990), Ukrainian football player

Murder of Oksana Makar
The murder of Oksana Makar took place in March 2012 in Ukraine, garnering extensive media coverage both at home and abroad and leading to mass protests. Oksana Makar, aged 18, was attacked by three men in the city of Mykolaiv on 8 March 2012: she was raped, strangled, set alight and left to die, though she survived another three weeks after being taken to hospital. Her case became a cause célèbre in Ukraine when only one of the attackers was charged by the police. The other two, whose parents were reported to be former government officials, were released on police bail, allegedly because of the personal connections of their parents. They were later rearrested after a public outcry, and mass protests on 13 March. Protests demanding justice, to gather funds and encourage blood donations continued after the arrest as well.
Ettlinger
Ettlinger is a German surname, deriving from Ettlingen, Germany. Notable people with the surname include:

Adrian Ettlinger (1925–2013), American electrical engineer and pioneer in television and video technology

Elisabeth Ettlinger (1915–2012), German-born Swiss archaeologist and academic

Harry L. Ettlinger (1926–2018), American engineer

Jacob Ettlinger (1798–1871), German rabbi and author, and one of the leaders of German Orthodoxy

Leopold Ettlinger (1913–1989), Warburg Institute historian of the Italian renaissance and UC Berkeley Art Department Chair, 1970–80

Marion Ettlinger (born 1949), photographer specializing in author portraits

Max Ettlinger (1877–1929), German psychologist

Harry L. Ettlinger
Heinz Ludwig Chaim "Harry" Ettlinger (January 28, 1926 – October 21, 2018) was one of the Monuments Men. On October 22, 2015, Ettlinger and Richard Morton Barancik, a fellow Monuments Man, were awarded the Congressional Gold Medal. Ettlinger also worked closely with the Monuments Men Foundation for the Preservation of Art and its founder Robert M. Edsel to continue the mission of the MFAA and preserve their legacy.
Hideki Saijo
Hideki Saijō (西城 秀樹, Saijō Hideki; originally Tatsuo Kimoto (木本 龍雄, Kimoto Tatsuo); April 13, 1955 – May 16, 2018) was a Japanese singer, composer, actor, drummer, voice actor, and television and radio show host. Due to his numerous pioneering achievements throughout Asia in the 1970s and 1980s, he is considered an icon amongst Shōwa era idols.

With on-stage vivacity and highly acclaimed vocals as his defining trademarks, Saijō quickly came to dominate the Japanese charts of the 1970s. He was consistently promoted as part of the Shin-Gosanke (新御三家, "New Big Three") idol trio alongside two other soloists who debuted around the same time: Goro Noguchi and Hiromi Go. Almost seven years into his career, his 28th single "YOUNG MAN (Y.M.C.A.)" (a Japanese cover of the Village People song of the same name) became a social phenomenon in Japan, selling over 1.8 million copies.

Japan Record Awards
The Japan Record Awards (日本レコード大賞, Nihon Rekōdo Taishō) is a major music awards show, held annually in Japan that recognizes outstanding achievements in the Japan Composer's Association. Established in 1959, the Japan Record Awards are one of the oldest and most prestigious music awards in the country.

Until 2005, the show aired on New Year's Eve, but has since aired every December 30 on TBS Japan at 6:30 pm JST and is hosted by many announcers. Exile holds the record for most Grand Prix wins, with four awards.
Cotana brunnescens
Cotana brunnescens is a moth in the family Eupterotidae. It was described by Walter Rothschild in 1917. It is found in New Guinea.

The wingspan is about 49 mm for males and 77 mm for females. The forewings of the males are deep chocolate liver brown with two indistinct darker postmedian bands beyond which is a row of black dots. The hindwings are similar. Females have pale chocolate liver-brown forewings, with the basal two-thirds of the costo-subcostal area suffused with cinnamon rufous and the nervures yellowish brown. There is a large cream-white patch below the middle of the cell and there is a postdiscal transverse band of eight intranervular cream-white patches, the upper five being wedge shaped, the lower three lunate. The terminal ends of the nervures are marked with orange. The hindwings are similar, but there are only six lunate cream-white patches in a band.

Walter Rothschild, 2nd Baron Rothschild
Lionel Walter Rothschild, 2nd Baron Rothschild, Baron de Rothschild (8 February 1868 – 27 August 1937), was a British banker, politician, zoologist, and soldier, who was a member of the Rothschild family. As a Zionist leader, he was presented with the Balfour Declaration, which pledged British support for a Jewish national home in Palestine. Rothschild was the president of the Board of Deputies of British Jews from 1925 to 1926.
The Predator (soundtrack)
The Predator: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is the score album to the 2018 film of the same name directed by Shane Black, who wrote the script with Fred Dekker, and is the fourth installment in the Predator franchise. The film is scored by Henry Jackman, the third composer to score for the franchise. Jackman also incorporated original themes composed by Alan Silvestri from the 1987 film. The album was released by Lakeshore Records and Fox Music digitally on September 28, 2018 and through physical formats on October 5, 2018.

Fred Dekker
Fred Dekker (born April 9, 1959) is an American screenwriter and film director best known for his cult classic horror comedy films Night of the Creeps and The Monster Squad (written with Shane Black). He contributed the story ideas for House (1985) and Ricochet (1991), and also directed and co-wrote RoboCop 3 with Frank Miller.

One of his earliest movies was a short film he made in college titled Starcruisers, directed in the early 1980s.
Communism and LGBTQ rights
Communist attitudes towards LGBTQ rights have evolved radically in the 21st century. In the 19th and 20th century, communist parties and Marxist–Leninist states varied on LGBTQ rights; some Western and Eastern parties were among the first political parties to support LGBTQ rights, while others, especially the post-Lenin era Soviet Union, some of its Eastern Bloc members, and the Marxist-Leninist East Asian countries harshly persecuted people of the LGBTQ community (especially gay men).

Scientific-Humanitarian Committee
The Scientific-Humanitarian Committee (German: Wissenschaftlich-humanitäres Komitee, WhK) was a transnational advocacy group and civil rights organization founded by Magnus Hirschfeld in Berlin in May 1897, to campaign for the legal rights and social recognition of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people, and against their institutionalized discrimination and persecution in Western societies. It was the first LGBT rights organization in history. The motto of the organization was Per scientiam ad justitiam ("Through science to justice"), and the committee included representatives from various professions. The committee's membership peaked at about 700 people. In 1929, Kurt Hiller took over as chairman of the group from Hirschfeld. At its peak, the WhK had branches in approximately 25 cities in Weimar Germany, the Republic of Austria, and the Netherlands.
King Curtis Iaukea
Curtis Piehu Iaukea III (September 15, 1937 – December 4, 2010) was an American professional wrestler better known as King Curtis Iaukea. Iaukea won championships in several of the major regional U.S. promotions, both as a single and in various tag team combinations, during the 1960s. He then competed in the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) where he won the WWF Tag Team Championship with Baron Scicluna. He was also later The Master of the Dungeon of Doom in World Championship Wrestling (WCW). Under the name "Iau Kea" he appeared in the film The Three Stooges Go Around the World in a Daze with Moe Howard declaring "That's not a man!  That's a committee!".

NWA Pacific International Championship
The NWA Pacific International Heavyweight Championship was the primary singles championship of 50th State Big Time Wrestling, the NWA territory based in Hawaii. The title was originally the Hawaiian version of the NWA United States Heavyweight Championship that was defended in Hawaii. It existed from 1962 until 1968. It was renamed the NWA North American Heavyweight Championship (Hawaii version) in 1968 and renamed again as the NWA Pacific International Heavyweight Championship in 1978, which was the name it used until it was retired in 1980.
Elam (surname)
Elam is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Caroline Elam (1945−), British art historian

Charles Wheaton Elam (1866–1917), Louisiana politician

Joseph Barton Elam (1821–1885), U.S. representative from Louisiana's 4th congressional district

Jack Elam (1918–2003), American actor

James Elam (1918–1995), American physician

Jason Elam (born 1970), American football player

Kaiir Elam (born 2001), American football player

Katrina Elam (born 1983), American country music singer

Guru (rapper), stage name of Keith Elam (1961–2010), American rapper, one half of the duo Gang Starr

Lee Elam (born 1976), English footballer

Norah Elam (1878–1961), Irish-born suffragette and fascist

Onzy Elam (born 1964), American football player

Paul Elam, founder of A Voice for Men.

Katrina Elam
Katrina Ruth Elam (born December 12, 1983) is an American country music singer and songwriter. Signed to Universal South Records in 2004, she released her self-titled debut album that year, charting in the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) with the No. 29 "No End in Sight" and the No. 59 "I Want a Cowboy". A third single, "Love Is", peaked at No. 47 from an unreleased second album Turn Me Up. Elam left the label in 2008.
Parma, Russia
Parma (Russian: Парма) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.

Urban localities

Parma, Usinsk, Komi Republic, an urban-type settlement under the administrative jurisdiction of the town of republic significance of Usinsk in the Komi Republic; 65°57′N 57°27′E﻿ / ﻿65.950°N 57.450°E﻿ / 65.950; 57.450

Rural localities

Parma, Ust-Kulomsky District, Komi Republic, a village in Ust-Kulom selo Administrative Territory of Ust-Kulomsky District in the Komi Republic; 61°46′N 54°1′E﻿ / ﻿61.767°N 54.017°E﻿ / 61.767; 54.017

Parma, Perm Krai, a settlement at the station under the administrative jurisdiction of the town of krai significance of Gubakha in Perm Krai

Ust-Kulomsky District
Ust-Kulomsky District (Russian: Усть-Куломский райо́н; Komi: Кулӧмдiн район, Kulömdïn rajon) is an administrative district (raion), one of the twelve in the Komi Republic, Russia. It is located in the south of the republic. The area of the district is 26,400 square kilometers (10,200 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Ust-Kulom. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 26,858, with the population of Ust-Kulom accounting for 19.1% of that number.
Nikolaos Mastoridis
Nikolaos Mastoridis was a Greek boxer. He competed in the men's light heavyweight event at the 1932 Summer Olympics. At the 1932 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, he lost to Gino Rossi of Italy in a quarterfinal.  There were only eight boxers in the light heavyweight tournament.

Boxing at the 1932 Summer Olympics – Light heavyweight
The men's light heavyweight event was part of the boxing programme at the 1932 Summer Olympics. The weight class was the second-heaviest contested, and allowed boxers of up to 175 pounds (79.4 kilograms). The competition was held from Wednesday, August 10, 1932, to Saturday, August 13, 1932. Eight boxers from eight nations competed.
Norman Turnbull (songwriter)
Norman Turnbull  (1879 – 1954) was born in Tyneside and lived for a good part of his life in Gosforth, Newcastle with his four west Highland terriers peter, John, phylis and brown teeth.

He worked as a shipping clerk/surveyor in Grey Street, Newcastle. He wrote dialect songs as a hobby and was like Leonard Barras and  Jack Robson in providing a rich source of materials for the local BBC Radio show "Wot Cheor Geordie" and working on the show with performers such as Bobby Thompson, Northumberland Serenaders, the Willie Walker Band and The Five Smith Brothers.

His songs include "What Cheor Geordie", "The Pitman's Lament", "Alang the Roman Wall", "Amble Feast", "The Barn Dance Hustle".

Gosforth
Gosforth is an area of Newcastle upon Tyne, in Tyne and Wear, England, situated north of the city centre. It constituted a separate urban district of Northumberland from 1895 until 1974 before officially merging with the city of Newcastle upon Tyne. In 2001, it had a population of 23,620.

The Ouseburn divides Gosforth from High Heaton and Longbenton to the east, while the smaller Craghall Burn forms the boundary with Jesmond and the Town Moor to the south. Kenton and Coxlodge lie to the west. There are four electoral wards on Newcastle City Council that include parts of Gosforth: Dene and South Gosforth, Fawdon and West Gosforth, Gosforth, and Parklands.
To Ngoc Van (crater)
To Ngoc Van is a pit-floored crater on Mercury, named after the Vietnamese artist Tô Ngọc Vân. It was discovered in January 2008 during the first flyby of the planet by MESSENGER spacecraft. Its floor displays an irregularly shaped collapse feature, which is called a central pit. The size of the pit is 21 × 10 km. Such a feature may have resulted from collapse of a magma chamber underlying the central part of the crater. The collapse feature is an analog of Earth's volcanic calderas.  The pit may be evidence of explosive volcanism on the floor of the crater.

To the southeast of To Ngoc Van is Bruegel crater, and to the northwest is Burns.  To the northeast is a large (329 km diameter), unnamed crater of  Tolstojan in age.

Magma chamber
A magma chamber is a large pool of liquid rock beneath the surface of the Earth. The molten rock, or magma, in such a chamber is less dense than the surrounding country rock, which produces buoyant forces on the magma that tend to drive it upwards. If the magma finds a path to the surface, then the result will be a volcanic eruption; consequently, many volcanoes are situated over magma chambers. 
These chambers are hard to detect deep within the Earth, and therefore most of those known are close to the surface, commonly between 1 km and 10 km down.
Passwang Pass
Passwang Pass (elevation 1,204 m (3,950 ft)) is a high mountain pass in the Jura Mountains in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland.

It connects the southern part of the canton of Solothurn via Mümliswil-Ramiswil (south of the pass) and Beinwil, Solothurn (northern side) with the so-called Schwarzbubenland (officially Amtei Dorneck-Thierstein, consisting of the canton of Solothurn districts Thierstein and Dorneck) north of the Passwang mountain chain, and ultimately with the Laufen District in the canton of Basel-Landschaft.

Canton of Solothurn
The canton of Solothurn or canton of Soleure (German: Kanton Solothurn; Romansh: Chantun Soloturn; French: Canton de Soleure; Italian: Canton Soletta) is a canton of Switzerland. It is located in the northwest of Switzerland. The capital is Solothurn.
Plateia
Plateia or Platia (πλατεία) is the Greek word for town square. Most Greek and Cypriot cities have several town squares which are a point of reference in travelling and guiding. In traditional societies like villages and provincial communities, plateies are the central places for feasts, celebrations, events and meetings.

Rhodes (city)
Rhodes (/roʊdz/ ⓘ; Greek: Ρόδος, Ródos [ˈroðos]) is the principal city and a former municipality on the island of Rhodes in the Dodecanese, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform, it is part of the municipality Rhodes, of which it is the seat and a municipal unit. It has a population of approximately 56,000 with nearly 90,000 in its metropolitan area. Rhodes has been famous since antiquity as the site of Colossus of Rhodes, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. The citadel of Rhodes, built by the Hospitallers, is one of the best-preserved medieval towns in Europe. The Medieval city is designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Today, the city of Rhodes is an important Greek urban center and popular international tourist destination.
Dodge Sidewinder
The Dodge Sidewinder was a concept car shown by Dodge in 1997 at the SEMA convention  in Las Vegas, Nevada. It was based on a design by Chrysler's Mark Allen, only two years after he graduated from design school. Officially called the Dodge Dakota Sidewinder, it used the front-mounted, Viper GTS-R engine to power the rear wheels, sitting on a chassis built by Riley & Scott. It was envisioned as the futuristic version of a Dodge Dakota convertible.

The Sidewinder's engine was rated at 640 hp (477 kW) and 530 lb⋅ft (719 N⋅m) of torque, which allowed the car to hit 60 mph (97 km/h) in just under 4 seconds. The top speed of the Sidewinder was 170 mph (274 km/h), and had a 4-speed automatic transmission.

Dodge Dakota
The Dodge Dakota, marketed as the Ram Dakota for the final two years of production, is a mid-size pickup truck manufactured by Chrysler and marketed by its Dodge Truck division (model years 1987–2009) and later its Ram Truck division (2010–2011) — across three generations.

It used body-on-frame construction and a leaf spring/live axle rear end and was the first mid-size pickup with an optional V8 engine. For its entire production, the Dakota was manufactured at Chrysler's Warren Truck Assembly in Michigan.

The Dakota was nominated for the North American Truck of the Year award for 2000. The new 2027 Ram Dakota was unveiled in South America in August 2025.
ČSK Uherský Brod
ČSK Uherský Brod is a Czech football club located in Uherský Brod. It currently plays in the Czech Fourth Division.

In the 1994–95 season, the club played in the Czech 2. Liga, finishing 15th of 18 teams and being relegated in its only season at such a level. While playing in the Czech Fourth Division, the club reached the third round of the 2003–04 Czech Cup before suffering a heavy 8–0 home defeat against FC Tescoma Zlín.

2003–04 Czech Cup
The 2003–04 Czech Cup was the 11th edition of the annual football knockout tournament organized by the Czech Football Association of the Czech Republic.

AC Sparta Prague prevailed in Stadion Evžena Rošického, Prague at the 18 May 2004 Cup defeating FC Baník Ostrava, 2–1. 6,985 in attendance
Kamikaze (Twista album)
Kamikaze is the fourth studio album by American rapper Twista. It was released on January 27, 2004, by Atlantic Records. The album reached the top of the US Billboard 200 chart in early 2004, after the success of its lead single, "Slow Jamz". It sold 312,000 units in its first week of sales, and received generally positive reviews from critics. It is Twista's most successful album, being certified double platinum by the RIAA.

Lovely Day
"Lovely Day" is a song by American soul and R&B singer Bill Withers. Written by Withers and Skip Scarborough, it was released on December 21, 1977 by Columbia Records, and appears on Withers's sixth album, Menagerie (1977). Withers holds a sustained note towards the end that, at 18 seconds, is one of the longest ever recorded on an American pop song. The song was listed at No. 402 on Rolling Stone's "Top 500 Best Songs of All Time" in 2021.
Deçan Mountain
Deçan Mountain (Albanian: Mali i Deçanit) is a mountain in the west of Kosovo, in the Accursed Mountains range. Its highest point is 2,200 m (7,217 ft 10 in) above sea level. It shares its name with the nearby town of Deçan. Deçan and neighbouring mountain Gjeravica can be seen from as far away as Radoniq lake.

Deçan
Deçan (pronounced [dɛˈtʃan]; Albanian definite form: Deçani; Serbian: Дечани, pronounced [dɛ̌t͡ʃani]) is a town and municipality in the district of Gjakova, Kosovo. The municipality has an area of 293.94 km2 (113.49 sq mi) and it includes the town and 37 smaller settlements. According to the last census of 2024, the municipality has a population of 27,775.
Alhassan Bako Zaku
Alhassan Bako Zaku (born January 18, 1951) became Nigeria's Minister of Science and Technology in December 2007. He left office in March 2010 when acting president Goodluck Jonathan dissolved his cabinet.

Jalingo
8°54′N 11°22′E﻿ / ﻿8.900°N 11.367°E﻿ / 8.900; 11.367
JalingoListenⓘ  is the capital city of Taraba State in north-eastern Nigeria, named in fulfulde (the word Jalingo means "superior place") and has been estimated with population of 418,000 as of 2018, The city has received the highest number of immigrants mainly from, Kano, Borno, Gombe and the neighboring Cameroon. As of November, 2022 the city is estimated to have around 581,000 people.
There are 10 Wards in Jalingo local government area namely: Abbare Yelwa, Barade,  Kachalla Sembe, Kona, Majidadi, Mayo Goi,  Sarkin Dawaki, Sintali, Turaki ‘A’, Turaki ‘B’
Steven Strogatz
Steven Henry Strogatz (/ˈstroʊɡæts/; born August 13, 1959) is an American mathematician and author, and the Susan and Barton Winokur Distinguished Professor for the Public Understanding of Science and Mathematics at Cornell University.
He is known for his work on nonlinear systems, including contributions to the study of synchronization in dynamical systems, and his research in a variety of areas of applied mathematics, including mathematical biology and complex network theory. With Duncan Watts, he developed the Watts–Strogatz model to explain how nodes in a small-world network have in average a small number of degrees of separation.

Strogatz is the co-host of Quanta Magazine's The Joy of Why podcast. He previously hosted The Joy of x podcast. His published books include Nonlinear Dynamics and Chaos, Sync, The Joy of x, The Calculus of Friendship, and Infinite Powers.

Six degrees of separation
Six degrees of separation is the idea that all people are six or fewer social connections away from each other. As a result, a chain of "friend of a friend" statements can be made to connect any two people in a maximum of six steps. It is also known as the six handshakes rule. Mathematically it means that a person shaking hands with 30 people, and then those 30 shaking hands with 30 other people, would after repeating this six times allow every person in a population as large as the United States to have shaken hands (seven times for the whole world).

The concept was originally set out in a 1929 short story by Frigyes Karinthy, in which a group of people play a game of trying to connect any person in the world to themselves by a chain of five others. It was popularized in John Guare's 1990 play Six Degrees of Separation.

The idea is sometimes generalized to the average social distance being logarithmic in the size of the population.