hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
BOK (gene)
Bok (Bcl-2 related ovarian killer) is a protein-coding gene of the Bcl-2 family that is found in many invertebrates and vertebrates. It induces apoptosis, a special type of cell death. Currently, the precise function of Bok in this process is unknown.

Apoptosis regulator BAX
Apoptosis regulator BAX, also known as bcl-2-like protein 4, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BAX gene. BAX is a member of the Bcl-2 gene family. BCL2 family members form hetero- or homodimers and act as anti- or pro-apoptotic regulators that are involved in a wide variety of cellular activities. This protein forms a heterodimer with BCL2, and functions as an apoptotic activator. This protein is reported to interact with, and increase the opening of, the mitochondrial voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), which leads to the loss in membrane potential and the release of cytochrome c. The expression of this gene is regulated by the tumor suppressor P53 and has been shown to be involved in P53-mediated apoptosis.
Kent Ruhnke
Kent Stuart Ruhnke (born September 18, 1952) is a Canadian former ice hockey player who played two games in the National Hockey League, with the Boston Bruins, and 72 games in the World Hockey Association, with the Winnipeg Jets, between 1976 and 1978. He later spent several years playing in the Swiss National League A. He later worked as a coach at Dalhousie University and in Switzerland.

As a youth, he played in the 1965 Quebec International Pee-Wee Hockey Tournament with the Scarboro Lions minor ice hockey team. In university, he played for the University of Toronto Varsity Blues from 1971–72 to 1975–76; the Blues won the national CIAU University Cup championship in 1972, 1973 and 1976, with Ruhnke winning the Major W.J. "Danny" McLeod Award in 1976, as Most Valuable Player of the national championship tournament.

Quebec International Pee-Wee Hockey Tournament
The Quebec International Pee-Wee Hockey Tournament (French: Tournoi international de hockey pee-wee de Québec) is an annual minor ice hockey event in Quebec City. The tournament was founded in 1960 to coincide with the Quebec Winter Carnival, and give an opportunity for international competition to players less than 12 years old. The tournament raises funds for the local Patro Roc-Amadour foundation, and is operated mostly by volunteers, with a few staff. The event takes place each year in February at Centre Vidéotron, and previously spent 56 seasons at Quebec Coliseum. As of 2018, the event has showcased the talent of over 1,200 future professionals in the National Hockey League or the World Hockey Association.
Vaucluse
Vaucluse (French: [voklyz]; Provençal: Vauclusa (Classical norm) or Vau-Cluso (Mistralian norm)) is a department in the southeastern French region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur. It had a population of 561,469 as of 2019. The department's prefecture is Avignon.

It is named after a spring, the Fontaine de Vaucluse, one of the largest karst springs in the world. The name Vaucluse itself derives from the Latin Vallis Clausa ("closed valley") as the valley ends in a cliff face from which the spring emanates.

Prefectures in France
In France, a prefecture (French: préfecture, pronounced [pʁefɛktyʁ] ⓘ) may be:

the chef-lieu de département, the commune in which the administration of a department is located;

the chef-lieu de région, the commune in which the administration of a region is located;

the jurisdiction of a prefecture;

the official residence or headquarters of a prefect.

Although the administration of departments and regions is distinct, a regional prefect is ex officio prefect of the department in which the regional prefecture is located. The officeholder has authority upon the other prefects in the region on a range of matters.
Open back unrounded vowel
The open back unrounded vowel, or low back unrounded vowel, is a type of vowel sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ɑ⟩. The letter ⟨ɑ⟩ is called script a or handwritten a because it lacks the extra hook on top of a printed letter a, which corresponds to a different vowel, the open front unrounded vowel. Script a, which has a full length linear stroke on its right, should not be confused with turned script a, ⟨ɒ⟩, which has the linear stroke on its left and corresponds to a rounded version of this vowel, the open back rounded vowel.

The open back unrounded vowel is the vocalic equivalent of the pharyngeal approximant [ʕ̞].

Relative articulation
In phonetics and phonology, relative articulation is description of the manner and place of articulation of a speech sound relative to some reference point. Typically, the comparison is made with a default, unmarked articulation of the same phoneme in a neutral sound environment. For example, the English velar consonant /k/ is fronted before the vowel /iː/ (as in keep) compared to articulation of /k/ before other vowels (as in cool). This fronting is called palatalization.

The relative position of a sound may be described as advanced (fronted), retracted (backed), raised, lowered, centralized, or mid-centralized. The latter two terms are only used with vowels, and are marked in the International Phonetic Alphabet with diacritics over the vowel letter. The others are used with both consonants and vowels, and are marked with iconic diacritics under the letter. Another dimension of relative articulation that has IPA diacritics is the degree of roundedness, more rounded and less rounded.
Raphie Kaplinsky
Raphael Malcolm Kaplinsky (born 31 December 1946) is an Honorary Professor at the Science Policy Research Unit and an Emeritus Professorial Fellow at the Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex. In 2024 he was awarded an Honorary Doctorate by the University of Johannesburg, South Africa. He was an active and well-known opponent to Apartheid in South Africa during the 1960s, and played a leading role in 1968 in the Mafeje affair. Kaplinsky was not allowed to return to his country of birth until Nelson Mandela was released from prison in 1990, after which he played an active role in policy development at the national and regional levels. He spent the bulk of his professional career at the University of Sussex where he led research programmes on industrial and technology policy and on Global value chain. He led and participated in a number of Advisory Missions to governments in Africa, Asia, Latin America, the Caribbean and Europe.

World Development (journal)
World Development is a monthly peer-reviewed academic journal covering development studies. It was established in 1973 and is published by Elsevier.

According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2022 impact factor of 6.9.
Yardımcı
Yardımcı (Turkish: Helper) is a surname of Turkish origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Barış Yardımcı (born 1992), Turkish football player

Celal Yardımcı (1911–1986), Turkish politician

Erencan Yardımcı (born 2002), Turkish football player

Nurettin Yardımcı (born 1944), Turkish archaeologist

Servet Yardımcı (born 1957), Turkish sports official

Celal Yardımcı
Celal Yardımcı (1911–1986) was a Turkish politician who served as the minister of education and minister of justice in the 1950s. Being a member of the Democrat Party (DP) he was arrested and imprisoned following the military coup in 1960.
Mom's the Word
"Mom's the Word" is the twelfth episode of the twelfth season of the animated comedy series Family Guy and the 222nd episode overall. It aired on Fox in the United States on March 9, 2014, and is directed by John Holmquist and written by Ted Jessup. In the episode Peter's mother, Thelma Griffin, dies of a stroke. After the funeral, Thelma's friend Evelyn arrives to support Peter, but ends up kissing him. The episode marked Lauren Bacall's final television role.

Television comedy
Television comedy is a category of broadcasting that has been present since the early days of entertainment media. While there are several genres of comedy, some of the first ones aired were variety shows. One of the first United States television programs was the comedy-variety show Texaco Star Theater, which was most prominent in the years that it featured Milton Berle (from 1948 to 1956). The range of television comedy has become broader, with the addition of sitcoms, improvisational comedy, and stand-up comedy, while also adding comedic aspects into other television genres, including drama and news. Television comedy provides opportunities for viewers to relate the content in these shows to society. Some audience members may have similar views about certain comedic aspects of shows, while others will take different perspectives. This also relates to developing new social norms, sometimes acting as the medium that introduces these transitions.
Grenant-lès-Sombernon
Grenant-lès-Sombernon (French pronunciation: [ɡʁənɑ̃ lɛ sɔ̃bɛʁnɔ̃], literally Grenant near Sombernon) is a commune in the Côte-d'Or department in eastern France.

Prior to September 16, 2005, it was known as Grenand-lès-Sombernon.

Lès
The word lès (French pronunciation: [lɛ] ⓘ, and [lɛz‿] with liaison) is an archaic French preposition meaning "near", "nearby", or "next to". Today it occurs only in place names to distinguish places with the same name.

The word lès has two variants: lez and les. The latter should not be confused with the plural definite article les (e.g. les-Bains, "the Baths").
Demetrio Jiménez Sánchez-Mariscal
José Demetrio Jiménez Sánchez-Mariscal (8 October 1963 – 23 October 2019) was an Argentine Roman Catholic bishop.

Jiménez-Mariscal was born in the Spanish municipality of Los Cerralbos. He professed as a Member of Order of St. Augustine on 6 September 1981, aged 17. On 11 October 1986, he made solemn vows as a Member of the Order of St. Augustine. He was ordained to the priesthood on 23 June 1988. He served as bishop of the Roman Catholic Territorial Prelature of Cafayate, Argentina from 2014 until his death in 2019.

Order of Saint Augustine
The Order of Saint Augustine (Latin: Ordo Fratrum Sancti Augustini), abbreviated OSA, is a mendicant religious order  of the Catholic Church. It was founded in 1244 by bringing together several eremitical groups in the Tuscany region who were following the Rule of Saint Augustine, written by Augustine of Hippo in the fifth century.

They are also commonly known as the Augustinians, Austin friars, or Friars Hermits and, until 1968, as the Order of Hermits of Saint Augustine (Latin: Ordo eremitarum sancti Augustini; abbreviated OESA).

The order has, in particular, spread internationally the veneration of the Virgin Mary under the title of Our Lady of Good Counsel (Mater boni consilii).

In the 2025 papal conclave, Leo XIV was elected as the first pope from the Order of Saint Augustine.
Thomas de Veil
Sir Thomas de Veil (21 November 1684 – 7 October 1746), also known as deVeil, was Bow Street's first magistrate; he was known for having enforced the Gin Act 1736, and, with Sir John Gonson, Henry Fielding, and John Fielding, was responsible for creating the first professional police and justice system in England.

Henry Fielding
Henry Fielding (22 April 1707 – 8 October 1754) was an English writer and judge known for the use of humour and satire in his works. His famous novels include Shamela (1741), Joseph Andrews (1742), The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling (1749) and Amelia (1751). Along with Samuel Richardson, Fielding is seen as the founder of the traditional English novel. As well as being a novelist, Fielding was also a playwright, known for his satirical comedies The Author's Farce (1730), Tom Thumb (1730), The Letter Writers (1731) and The Tragedy of Tragedies (1731). He also played an important role in the history of law enforcement in the United Kingdom, using his authority as a magistrate to found the Bow Street Runners, London's first professional police force.
Sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide
Sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide is the organosilicon compound with the formula NaN(Si(CH3)3)2. This species, usually called NaHMDS (sodium hexamethyldisilylamide), is a strong base used for deprotonation reactions or base-catalyzed reactions. Its advantages are that it is commercially available as a solid and it is soluble not only in ethers, such as THF or diethyl ether, but also in aromatic solvents, like benzene and toluene by virtue of the lipophilic TMS groups.

NaHMDS is quickly destroyed by water to form sodium hydroxide and bis(trimethylsilyl)amine.

Trimethylsilyl group
The trimethylsilyl group (–Si(CH3)3, abbreviated TMS) is a functional group in organic chemistry. This group consists of three methyl groups bonded to a silicon atom, which is in turn bonded to the rest of a molecule. This structural group is characterized by chemical inertness and a large molecular volume.  
Compounds with trimethylsilyl groups are not normally found in nature, but have applications in chemical synthesis and analysis.
St Leonard's, Shoreditch
St Leonard's, Shoreditch, is the old parish church of Shoreditch, often known simply as Shoreditch Church. It is located at the intersection of Shoreditch High Street with Hackney Road, within the London Borough of Hackney in East London. The current building dates from about 1740 and is Grade I listed. The church is mentioned in the line "'When I grow rich', say the bells of Shoreditch" from the nursery rhyme Oranges and Lemons.

The crypt beneath the church is the final resting place of many actors from the Tudor period.

Tudor period
In England and Wales, the Tudor period occurred between 1485 and 1603, including the Elizabethan era. The Tudor period coincides with the reign of the House of Tudor, which began with the accession of Henry VII and ended with the death of Elizabeth I.  Under the Tudor dynasty, art, architecture, trade, exploration, and commerce flourished. Historian John Guy (1988) argued that "England was economically healthier, more expensive, and more optimistic under the Tudors" than at any time since the ancient Roman occupation.
William Davidson (cricketer, born 1811)
William Davidson (1811 – 12 May 1894) was an English cricketer with amateur status who was active from 1832 to 1837. He was born in England and died in Welwyn, Hertfordshire. He made his debut in 1832 and appeared in four matches as an unknown handedness batsman whose bowling style is unknown, playing for Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) and an England Eleven. He scored 22 runs with a highest score of 9* and took no wickets.

Wicket
In the sport of cricket, the term wicket has several meanings:

It is either of the two sets of three stumps and two bails at each end of the pitch. The fielding team's players can hit the wicket with the ball in a number of ways to get a batter out. 
The wicket is guarded by a batter who, with their bat (and sometimes with their pads, but see the laws on LBW, leg before wicket), attempts to prevent the ball from hitting the wicket (if it does, they may be bowled) and to score runs where possible.

Through metonymic usage, the dismissal of a batter is known as the taking of a wicket.

The cricket pitch itself is sometimes referred to as the wicket.
Moses Mosop
Moses Cheruiyot Mosop (born 7 July 1985) is a Kenyan middle and long distance athlete. He competed for Kenya at the 2004 Olympic Games and went on to take 10,000 metres bronze at the 2005 World Championships in Athletics. He has also been successful in cross country running, having won the silver at the 2007 IAAF World Cross Country Championships as well as team gold with Kenya in 2007 and 2009.

Until 30 September 2014, Mosop was managed by Jos Hermens and coached by Renato Canova. At the 2011 Boston Marathon, Mosop and countryman Geoffrey Mutai ran what at the time were the fastest times ever recorded for a marathon – 2:03:06 and 2:03:02, respectively – bettering the Boston course record by nearly three minutes.

Jos Hermens
Josephus Maria Melchior Hermens (born 8 January 1950) is a former Dutch long-distance runner. Subsequently, he also became well known for his later career as a sports manager as the founder and CEO of Global Sports Communication, which manages many Olympian athletes.
Barroosky
Barroosky (also spelt as Barroskey or Barrooskey. Irish: Barr Rúscaígh, meaning "top of the undulation") is a Gaeltacht townland within the civil parish of Kilcommon in County Mayo, Ireland. It is located within the ecclesiastical parish of Kilcommon-Erris. Barroosky townland has an area of approximately 1,923 acres (7.8 km2).

Barroosky is also the name of the electoral division (ED) in which the townland lies. As of 2022, Barroosky ED had a population of 96 people.

Electoral division (Ireland)
An electoral division (ED, Irish: toghroinn) is a legally defined administrative area in the Republic of Ireland, generally comprising multiple townlands, and formerly a subdivision of urban and rural districts. Until 1996, EDs were known as district electoral divisions (DEDs, toghroinn ceantair) in the 29 county council areas and wards in the five county boroughs. Until 1972, DEDs also existed in Northern Ireland. The predecessor poor law electoral divisions were introduced throughout the island of Ireland in the 1830s. The divisions were used as local-government electoral areas until 1919 in what is now the Republic and until 1972 in Northern Ireland.
CazéTV
CazéTV is a Brazilian television channel, which broadcasts on YouTube, Amazon Prime Video, Disney+, Samsung TV Plus, and Mercado Play (the last three as linear channels), specializing in sports events. Created in November 2022 by streamer Casimiro Miguel in association with LiveMode, a sports marketing company based in Rio de Janeiro that retains majority ownership, the channel's initial objective was to broadcast matches of the 2022 FIFA World Cup.

After the success of its first broadcasts, CazéTV bought new broadcasting rights, including the 2023 FIFA Women's World Cup, 2023 Pan American Games, 2024 Olympic Games, 2025 FIFA Club World Cup, Campeonato Brasileiro Série A, among other events.

On January 17, 2024, it became the largest sports channel on YouTube in Brazil.

On November 17, 2025, LiveMode became the owner of 100% of CazéTV’s shares; previously LiveMode was the majority partner with a 51% stake, while CMiguel Produções, led by Casimiro Miguel, held a 49% stake.

Mercado Libre
MercadoLibre, Inc. (Spanish pronunciation: [meɾˈkaðo ˈliβɾe]), known as Mercado Livre in Brazil (Brazilian Portuguese pronunciation: [meʁˈkadu ˈlivɾi]), literally meaning "free market" in both languages, is a company of Argentine origin and incorporated in Delaware in the United States that operates online marketplaces dedicated to e-commerce and online auctions. As of 2016, Mercado Libre had 174.2 million users in Latin America, making it the region's most popular e-commerce site by number of visitors.

Aside from being the sole player in Argentina's e-commerce market, it also has operations in Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, and Venezuela. In 2023, Time included Mercado Libre in the list of the 100 most influential companies in the world.
Hatchard
Hatchard is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anne Hatchard (born 1998), Australian football player

Caroline Hatchard (1883–1970), British soprano, musical theatre and opera singer

Danny Hatchard (born 1991), English actor

Jack Hatchard (1917–1984), New Zealand football player

John Hatchard (1769–1849), English publisher and bookseller

Thomas Hatchard (1818–1870), English bishop of Mauritius

Jack Hatchard
John Herbert Hatchard (28 January 1917 – 1984) was an association football player who represented New Zealand at international level.

Hatchard made a single appearance in an official international for the All Whites in a 1–7 loss to Australia on 4 July 1936.
Kormchaia Book
The Kormchaia Book, also known as the Books of the Pilot (Russian: Ко́рмчая книга, Ко́рмчая, from кормчий, Church Slavonic: кормчїй 'helmsman, ship's pilot'; Pidalion (Russian: Пида́лион from Ancient Greek: Πηδάλιον, Πηδαλίων 'stern oar, helm, handle of helm, rudder') or Nomocanon (Russian: Номокано́н from Ancient Greek: Νομοκανών from νόμος 'law, statute' + κᾰνών 'canon, rule'), are collections of church and secular law (see also Byzantine law), which constituted guide books for the management of the church and for the church court of Orthodox Slavic countries and were also the transmission of several older texts. They were written in Old Church Slavonic and Old East Slavic.

Canon (canon law)
In canon law, a canon designates some law promulgated by a synod, an ecumenical council, or an individual bishop.

The word "canon" comes from the Greek kanon, which in its original usage denoted a straight rod that was later the instrument used by architects and artificers as a measuring stick for making straight lines. Kanon eventually came to mean a rule or norm, so that when the first ecumenical council—Nicaea I—was held in 325, kanon started to obtain the restricted juridical denotation of a law promulgated by a synod or ecumenical council, as well as that of an individual bishop.
2023 Rugby League European Championships
The 2023 Rugby League European Championships was intended to be the 34th edition of the first division, Euro A, and 11th edition of the second division, Euro B, as well as the inaugural edition of the promotion and relegation era of the tournament after the cancellation of the planned first edition in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The tournament is officially postponed until an undefined date as a result of France withdrawing as hosts of the 2025 Rugby League World Cup, due to the tournament acting as the European qualifiers. However, with a new format European qualifications tournament for the replacement 2026 Men's Rugby League World Cup, the 2023 European Championships is informally cancelled.

In March 2025, the ERL announced the return of the tournament starting in October, thus officially canceling the 2023 edition.

2026 Men's Rugby League World Cup
The 2026 Men's Rugby League World Cup will be the seventeenth staging of the Rugby League World Cup, and will be one of three major tournaments part of the 2026 Rugby League World Cup.

The competition was to be held in October and  November 2025, but was moved to 2026 following the withdrawal of France as the host nation. The competition will run in parallel with the women's and wheelchair tournaments.
Andrew Waddell (referee)
Andrew Wilson Waddell (born 26 September 1950) became a qualified referee in 1965 and joined the Senior List of SFA referees in 1973.  From 1989 to 1997 he represented Scotland on the FIFA list of international referees, including qualifying matches for the 1994 World Cup. He also served as an assistant referee at UEFA Euro 1988 and the 1989 FIFA U-16 World Championship. He retired from refereeing in 1999 and subsequently became secretary of Preston Athletic F.C., and campaigned for the club to be admitted to the Scottish Football League in 2008.

Waddell was the Chairman of the Scottish Lowland Football League until replaced by George Fraser and sat on the Professional Game Board of the Scottish Football Association (SFA).

Professionally he is managing director of a Quality Assurance consultancy and is past Chairman of the British Association for Research Quality Assurance (BARQA)

1989 FIFA U-16 World Championship
The 1989 FIFA U-16 World Championship, the third edition of the tournament, was held in the Scottish cities of Glasgow, Edinburgh, Motherwell, Aberdeen, and Dundee between 10 and 24 June 1989. Players born after 1 August 1972 could participate in this tournament. Saudi Arabia won the tournament and became the first Asian team to win a FIFA tournament. As of November 2025, they are the only Asian men's team to win any FIFA tournament.