hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Waskow
Waskow is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Arthur Waskow (1933–2025), American author, political activist, and rabbi

Dieter Waskow (born 1957), German diver

Henry T. Waskow (1918–1943), American World War II captain

Thomas C. Waskow (born 1947), American Air Force officer

Henry T. Waskow
Captain Henry Thomas Waskow (September 24, 1918 – December 14, 1943) was a United States Army officer, with the rank of captain, memorialized in Ernie Pyle's dispatch "The Death of Captain Waskow," which in turn was faithfully portrayed in the movie The Story of G.I. Joe. The column also publicized the documentary film The Battle of San Pietro, by John Huston, depicting the action in which Waskow died.

Ernie Pyle wrote of Captain Waskow:

In this war I have known a lot of officers who were loved and respected by the soldiers under them. But never have I crossed the trail of any man as beloved as Capt. Henry T. Waskow of Belton, Texas.
Dorsey Riddlemoser
Dorsey Lee Riddlemoser (March 25, 1875 – May 11, 1954) was an American professional baseball player who played in one game for the Washington Senators during the 1899 season.

He was born in Frederick, Maryland and died there at the age of 78.

Frederick, Maryland
Frederick is a city in and the county seat of Frederick County, Maryland, United States. Frederick's population was 78,171 people as of the 2020 census, making it the second-largest incorporated city in Maryland behind Baltimore. It is a part of the Washington metropolitan area and the greater Washington–Baltimore combined statistical area.

The city is located at an important crossroads at the intersection of a major north–south Native American trail and east–west routes to the Chesapeake Bay, both at Baltimore and what became Washington, D.C., and across the Appalachian Mountains to the Ohio River watershed.

Frederick is home to Frederick Municipal Airport (IATA: FDK), which accommodates general aviation, and Fort Detrick, a U.S. Army bioscience and communications research installation and Frederick County's largest employer.
Scholastic Corporation
Scholastic Corporation is an American multinational publishing, education, and media company that publishes and distributes books, comics, and educational materials for schools, teachers, parents, children, and other educational institutions. Products are distributed via retail and online sales and through schools via reading clubs and book fairs. Clifford the Big Red Dog, a character created by Norman Bridwell in 1963, is the mascot of Scholastic.

Book discussion club
A book discussion club is a group of people who meet to discuss books they have read. It is often simply called a book club, a term that may cause confusion with a book sales club. Other terms include reading group, book group, and book discussion group. Book discussion clubs may meet in private homes, libraries, bookstores, online forums, pubs, and cafés, or restaurants, sometimes over meals or drinks.

A practice also associated with book discussion, common reading program or common read, involves institutions encouraging their members to discuss select books in group settings; common reading programs are often organized by educational institutions.
Djedankhre Montemsaf
Djedankhre Montemsaf was a Theban king of the 16th Dynasty based in Upper Egypt during the Second Intermediate Period c. 1590 BC. As such, he would have ruled concurrently with the 15th Dynasty, which controlled Lower and Middle Egypt.

Fifteenth Dynasty of Egypt
The Fifteenth Dynasty was a foreign dynasty of ancient Egypt. It was founded by Salitis, a Hyksos from West Asia whose people had invaded the country and conquered Lower Egypt. The 15th, 16th, and 17th Dynasties of ancient Egypt are often combined under the group title, Second Intermediate Period. The 15th Dynasty dates approximately from 1650 to 1550 BC.
VIII Air Force Composite Command
The VIII Air Force Composite Command was a subordinate command of Eighth Air Force.  It was originally responsible for combat training of aircrews arriving from the United States, a mission it continued until near the end of the war, when the air divisions began the training.  Starting in late winter of 1944, the command took over special operations missions, including night leaflet dropping, infiltration of agents behind enemy lines and supplying resistance forces in occupied countries.  As Allied forces advanced across Europe, most of its personnel were used to form provisional disarmament units.  The command was disbanded in October 1948, when the United States Air Force decided it would have no future need for a level of command between major commands and air divisions.

Aircrew
Aircrew  are personnel who operate an aircraft while in flight. The composition of a flight's crew depends on the type of aircraft, plus the flight's duration and purpose. Air crew consist of Flight Crew and Cabin Crew.
Victor Chuchkov
Victor Chuchkov (Cyrillic:Виктор Чучков) (born 25 February 1946 in Gorna Oryahovitsa) is a Bulgarian composer and pianist. He graduated piano and composition from the Bulgarian State Conservatoire and has also studied at the Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia in Rome. As a pianist, he has received international prizes like the Alfredo Casella Prize and Alessandro Casagrande Prize, both in Italy. As a composer, he is the author of "Letters from the Future" (after Ray Bradbury - for voice, rock band and symphony orchestra), concerto for piano and orchestra, piano trio and others.

National Academy of Music (Bulgaria)
The National Academy of Music "Prof. Pancho Vladigerov" (Bulgarian: Национална музикална академия „Панчо Владигеров“, Natsionalna muzikalna akademia „Pancho Vladigerov“), also known under its former name, the Bulgarian State Conservatoire (Българска държавна консерватория, Balgarska darzhavna konservatoria), is a university of music in Sofia, the capital of Bulgaria.

Founded in 1921 through a royal decree of Tsar Boris III, it is named after influential Bulgarian composer Pancho Vladigerov (1899–1978).

Two buildings house the academy. It offers 30 programmes divided into three faculties: the Faculty of Theory, Composition and Conducting; the Instrumental Faculty; and the Vocal Faculty.
Mohamed Abdelmonem
Mohamed Abdelmonem El-Sayed Mohamed Ahmed (Arabic: مُحَمَّد عَبد الْمُنْعِم السَّيِّد مُحَمَّد أَحمَد; born 1 February 1999) is an Egyptian professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for  Ligue 1 club Nice and the Egypt national team.

Egyptian Super Cup
The Egyptian Super Cup is Egyptian football's annual match contested between the champions of the Egyptian Premier League season and the holders of the Egypt Cup. If the Egyptian Premier League champions also won the Egypt Cup then the cup runners-up provide the opposition. The competition was founded in 2001, the first team to win the trophy was Zamalek SC. Starting with the 2023–24 season, the tournament adopted a new format in which four teams compete instead of the traditional two.
Defence of Iwardo
The defence of Iwardo (Syriac: ܥܝܢ ܘܪܕܐ - Iwardo, alternatively In Wardo, Ayin Warda, Ain Wardo, Ayn Wardo) was a military engagement between Ottoman authorities and Assyrian defenders in 1915, during the events of the Assyrian genocide. The defence of Iwardo is coupled with the defence of Azakh, which also took place around the same time.

Like that of Azakh, the story of the defence of Iwardo remains significant to the memory of the Assyrian genocide. Survivors have testified about the events during and after the defence, and it is one of the only successful episodes of Assyrian resistance to the genocide.

Mardin
Mardin (Kurdish: مێردین, romanized: Mêrdîn; Arabic: ماردين, romanized: Mārdīn; Syriac: ܡܪܕܝܢ, romanized: Mardīn; Armenian: Մարդին) is a city and seat of the Artuklu District of Mardin Province in Turkey. It is known for the Artuqid architecture of its old city, and for its strategic location on a rocky hill near the Tigris River.

In February 2000, the Turkish Ministry of Culture placed Mardin and its surrounding cultural landscape on the country’s Tentative List for UNESCO World Heritage nomination.

The city had a population of 129,864 in 2021. The population is a mix of Kurds, Arabs, Mhallami, and Assyrians.
Chinta Chandrashekar Rao
Chinta Chandrashekar Rao (born September 25, 1988) is an Indian coach and former professional footballer. He is currently serving as an assistant coach for the Indian Super League club Kerala Blasters. He also won back-to-back promotion from the I-League 3 and the I-League 2 for Sporting Club Bengaluru.

I-League 3
The Indian Football League 3 (IFL 3), originally known as the I-League 3, is an Indian men's professional football league. It forms the fourth tier of the Indian football league system, below the Indian Football League 2 and above the State leagues. In 2026 it was temporarily merged with the Indian Football League 2.
Politics of Emilia-Romagna
The politics of Emilia-Romagna, a region of Italy, takes place in a framework of a presidential representative democracy, whereby the President of Regional Government is the head of government, and of a pluriform multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the Regional Government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the Legislative Assembly.

The region has long been a stronghold of the Italian Communist Party and its successors, from the Democratic Party of the Left to the present-day Democratic Party, and is part of the so-called "Red belt", along with Tuscany, Marche and Umbria.

Umbria
Umbria (/ˈʌmbriə/ UM-bree-ə; Italian: [ˈumbrja]) is a region of central Italy. It includes Lake Trasimeno and Marmore Falls, and is crossed by the Tiber. It is the only landlocked region on the Apennine Peninsula. The capital is Perugia. The region has 851,954 inhabitants as of 2025.

The region is characterized by hills, mountains, thick forests, valleys and historical towns such as the university centre of Perugia, Assisi (a World Heritage Site associated with St. Francis of Assisi), Terni, Norcia, Città di Castello, Gubbio, Spoleto, Orvieto, Todi, Castiglione del Lago, Narni, Amelia, Spello and other small cities.
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 71
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 71 (P. Oxy. 71) contains two petitions with a fragment of a third, addressed to the praefect and written in Greek. The manuscript was written on papyrus in the form of a sheet. It was discovered by Grenfell and Hunt in 1897 in Oxyrhynchus. The document was written on 28 February 303. Currently it is housed in the British Library (755) in London. The text was published by Grenfell and Hunt in 1898.

The letter was addressed to Clodius Culcianus, praefect. The first petition was written by Aurelius Demetrius, son of Nilus (priest at Arsinoe). The second petition was written by Aurelia, a widow. The verso side of the papyrus contains a list of buildings and measurements, written in three columns. The measurements of the fragment are 260 by 548 mm.

Papyrus
Papyrus (/pəˈpaɪrəs/ pə-PY-rəs) is a material similar to thick paper that was used in ancient times as a writing material. It was made from the pith of the papyrus plant, Cyperus papyrus, a wetland sedge. Papyrus (plural: papyri or papyruses) can also refer to a document written on sheets of such material, joined side by side and rolled up into a scroll, an early form of a book.

Papyrus was first known to have been used in Egypt (at least as far back as the First Dynasty), as the papyrus plant was once abundant across the Nile Delta. It was also used throughout the Mediterranean region. Apart from writing material, ancient Egyptians employed papyrus in the construction of other artifacts, such as reed boats, mats, rope, sandals, and baskets.
Visa requirements for crew members
Visa requirements for crew members are administrative entry restrictions imposed by countries on members of a ship or aircraft crew during transit.

These requirements for permission to enter a territory for a short duration and perform their predefined duties in the given areas are distinct from actual formal permission for an alien to enter and remain in a territory.

The validity of transit visas for crew members are usually limited to short terms such as several hours to 10 days depending on the size of the country and the circumstances. Visa policies for crew members are set by the country and apply during transit or when joining the vessel or aircraft. It is usually illegal for crew members to perform repairs or do similar work without work permits when either in port, or when travelling in territorial waters. A few countries offer a visa waiver program or do not issue a crew  visa, but allow entry for a limited time with mandatory clearance documents.

Crew
A crew is a body or a group of people who work at a common activity, generally in a structured or hierarchical organization. A location in which a crew works is called a crewyard or a workyard. The word has nautical resonances: the tasks involved in operating a ship, particularly a sailing ship, providing numerous specialities within a ship's crew, often organised with a chain of command. Traditional nautical usage strongly distinguishes officers from crew, though the two groups combined form the ship's company. Members of a crew are often referred to by the titles crewmate, crewman or crew-member.
Dweir al-Shaykh Saad
Dweir al-Shaykh Saad (Arabic: دوير الشيخ سعد) is a Syrian village in the Tartus District in Tartous Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Dweir al-Shaykh Saad had a population of 4,117 in the 2004 census.

Tartus Governorate
Tartus Governorate, officially Tartous Governorate (Arabic: مُحافظة طرطوس Muḥāfaẓat Ṭarṭūs), is one of the fourteen governorates of Syria. It is situated in western Syria, bordering Latakia Governorate to the north, Homs and Hama Governorates to the east, Lebanon to the south, and the Mediterranean Sea to the west. It is one of the few governorates in Syria that has an Alawite majority. Sources list the area as 1,890 km2 or 1,892 km2, with its capital being Tartus.
Hustvedt
Hustvedt is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Dick Hustvedt (1946–2008), American software engineer

Lloyd Hustvedt (1922–2004), American professor and scholar of Norwegian-American history

Olaf M. Hustvedt (1886–1978), American admiral

Siri Hustvedt (born 1955), American novelist and essayist

Svein Olaf Hustvedt, researcher

Dick Hustvedt
Richard "Dick" Irvin Hustvedt (February 18, 1946 – April 15, 2008) was a renowned software engineer, designer and developer of several operating systems including Digital Equipment Corporation's RSX-11, and VMS.
Patricia Islands
Patricia Islands are three small islands 28 kilometres (15 nmi) southwest of Austnes Point in the west part of Edward VIII Bay. Discovered and named in February 1936 by DI personnel on the William Scoresby. The islands were mapped in greater detail by Norwegian cartographers from air photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition, 1936–37. They were visited by an ANARE (Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions) party under R.G. Dovers in 1954.

Edward VIII Bay
Edward VIII Bay is a bay about 32 kilometres (20 mi) in extent, located between Edward VIII Plateau (a dome-shaped, ice-covered peninsula near Magnet Bay) and the Øygarden Group of islands in Antarctica. The head of the bay is occupied by the Edward VIII Ice Shelf. The bay was discovered in 1936 by Discovery Investigations personnel on the RRS William Scoresby, and named for Edward VIII, then King of the United Kingdom.

Kvarsnes Foreland is a prominent, rocky foreland projecting into the south side of Edward VIII Bay close west of the Øygarden Group. Kvarsnes Bay is a small bay at the southwest side of Kvarsnes Foreland, and is named in association with it. Rund Bay ("Round Bay") is a small bay indenting the south shore of Edward VIII Bay immediately east of Kvarsnes Foreland. These features were mapped and named by Norwegian cartographers from aerial photographs taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition, 1936–37.
1947 Iranian legislative election
Parliamentary elections were held in Iran in 1947. The newly elected parliament was opened on 17 July. The election was a three-way power struggle between Ahmad Qavam, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi and pro-Britain conservative politicians.: 240

Prime Minister Qavam's control over electoral machinery was in many districts challenged by "Imperial Iranian Army officers, independent local magnates and pro-British provincial governors".: 240–241

A public protest by shopkeepers, bazaaris and university students and headed by Mohammad Mosaddegh among other politicians was held to call for a free elections, however, despite Qavam's promise to hold a free election, it was "rigged" and his Democrat Party of Iran won the majority, including all 12 seats in Tehran.: 240–241

Power struggle
A power struggle is  situation where two or more people or groups fight to gain dominance over each other. The term is most commonly used in a political context, when parties contend for power or leadership positions, wherein the winner seems unclear.
Deutschland sucht den Superstar season 18
The eighteenth season of Deutschland sucht den Superstar began on 5 January 2021 on RTL. the jury consisted of Dieter Bohlen only for auditions and "Recalls" Mike Singer, Maite Kelly and Michael Wendler; Wendler was excluded after the first audition because of his statements about the COVID-19 outbreak in Germany. Before the live shows began, Dieter Bohlen was excluded from the jury, his place took Thomas Gottschalk. Oliver Geissen returned as the host. For the first time all top 4 consists of male competitors. This time, the live shows took place at the Landschaftspark Duisburg-Nord. Jan Marten-Block was announced as the winner of the season.

Thomas Gottschalk
Thomas Johannes Gottschalk (born 18 May 1950 in Bamberg) is a German radio and television host and entertainer. He is best known for hosting Wetten, dass..?, for many years Europe's biggest television show, which he steered to huge success in Germany, Austria, Switzerland and South Tyrol between 1987 and 2023. Until 2015, he was also the brand ambassador in television advertisements for Haribo confectionery.
Dirina madagascariensis
Dirina madagascariensis is a species of crustose lichen in the family Roccellaceae. Found in southern Madagascar, it was formally described as a new species in 2013 by lichenologists Anders Tehler, Damien Ertz, Dorothee Killmann, Tahina Razafindrahaja, Emmanuël Sérusiaux, and Eberhard Fischer. The type specimen was collected by the second author from Taolagnaro (Fort-Dauphin). It has been recorded growing both on rocks (usually calciferous) and on the bark of various trees and shrubs. The lichen has a creamy white to white-greyish thallus (0.1–1.5 mm thick) with a chalk-like medulla. Its ascospores measure 25–35 by 4–5 μm. D. madagascariensis contains the lichen products erythrin, lecanoric acid, and the unidentified substances named "C" and "J"; it is this latter substance that is characteristic of this species.

Lichen product
Lichen products, also known as lichen substances, are organic compounds produced by a lichen. Specifically, they are secondary metabolites. Lichen products are represented in several different chemical classes, including terpenoids, orcinol derivatives, chromones, xanthones, depsides, and depsidones. Over 1000 lichen products of known chemical structure have been reported in the scientific literature, and most of these compounds are exclusively found in lichens. Examples of lichen products include usnic acid (a dibenzofuran), atranorin (a depside), lichexanthone (a xanthone), salazinic acid (a depsidone), and isolichenan, an α-glucan. Many lichen products have biological activity, and research into these effects is ongoing.
Shona Gilchrist
Shona Mary Gilchrist (born 8 October 1958) is a New Zealand former  cricketer who played as a right-arm medium bowler. She appeared in 5 Test matches and 8 One Day Internationals for New Zealand in 1984 and 1985. She played domestic cricket for Otago and Auckland.

Women's Test cricket
Women's Test cricket is the longest format of women's cricket and is the female equivalent to men's Test cricket. Matches comprise four-innings and are held over a maximum of four days between two of the leading cricketing nations. The rules governing the format differ little from those for the men's game, with differences generally being technicalities surrounding umpiring and field size.

The first women's Test match was played by England women and Australia women in December 1934, a three-day contest held in Brisbane which England won by nine wickets. A total of 149 Women's Test matches have been played. Far fewer matches are played each year in favour of Women's One Day Internationals and Women's Twenty20 Internationals, with the international calendar revolving around the shorter formats of the game.
Association football contracts
Association football  contracts are the legal contracts for both amateur and professional football. Football contracts overlaps substantially with contract, tort and labour law. Issues like defamation, privacy rights and intellectual property law are also an integral aspect of football contracts. This area has been subject to a number of controversies since the 1990s (see the Bosman ruling and the Webster ruling). These cases have coincided with the rebalancing of player power and increased media scrutiny and commercialisation of football.

Labour law
Labour laws (also spelled as labor laws), labour code or employment laws are laws that mediate the relationship between workers, employing entities, trade unions, and the government. Collective labour law relates to the tripartite relationship between employee, employer, and union.

Individual labour law concerns employees' rights at work also through the contract for work. Employment standards are social norms (in some cases also technical standards) for the minimum socially acceptable conditions under which employees or contractors are allowed to work. Government agencies (such as the former US Employment Standards Administration) enforce labour law (legislature, regulatory, or judicial).
Alejandra Placencia
Alejandra Francisca Placencia Cabello (born 14 February 1978 in Santiago, Chile) is a Chilean philosophy teacher and politician affiliated with the Communist Party of Chile (PCCh). Since March 2022, she has served as a member of the Chamber of Deputies, representing District 10 of the Santiago Metropolitan Region for the 2022–2026 legislative term. Previously, she served as a city councilor for the commune of Ñuñoa from 2012 to 2020.

She was president of the Student Federation of the University of Santiago, Chile (Feusach) between June and November 2000, and has been active in labor organizations, notably within the Chilean Teachers' Union and the Education Workers' Union of Ñuñoa.

Santiago Metropolitan Region
Santiago Metropolitan Region (Spanish: Región Metropolitana de Santiago) is one of Chile's 16 first-order administrative divisions. It is the country's only landlocked administrative region and contains the nation's capital, Santiago. Most commercial and administrative centers are located in the region, including Chile's main international airport, Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport.

With an area of 15,403.2 km2 (5,947 sq mi) and population over seven million, it is Chile's most populated and most densely populated region. It is also the most developed subdivision in all of South America with a very high HDI of 0.908.