hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Robert Maxwell (bishop)
Christianity portal

Robert Maxwell  was a 17th-century Anglican bishop in Ireland.

The eldest son of Robert Maxwell, Dean of Armagh, he was educated at Trinity College, Dublin. A prebendary of Armagh he was appointed Archdeacon of Down in 1628; and Bishop of Kilmore in 1643. He became Bishop of Kilmore and Ardagh when the two sees were united again in 1661. He died on 16 November 1672.

He married Margaret Echlin, daughter of Robert Echlin, Bishop of Down and Connor and Jane Seton, and had six children. His descendants held the title Earl of Farnham.

Prebendary
A prebendary is a member of the Catholic or Anglican clergy, a form of canon with a role in the administration of a cathedral or collegiate church.  When attending services, prebendaries sit in particular seats, usually at the back of the choir stalls, known as prebendal stalls.
Helen Rulison Shipley
Helen Rulison Shipley (née Helen Rulison) (July 23, 1870 – June 6, 1955) was Nevada’s first female dentist. Born in Dayton, Nevada, US, she had at least two siblings, brothers, who were dentists.  She graduated from the University of Nevada, Reno in 1889, and then worked as a teacher. When she returned to school, she studied dentistry at the University of California, San Francisco. After graduation in 1896, she practiced in San Francisco until 1907, in Goldfield until 1912, and then Tonopah, where she met and subsequently married Robert Shipley. They moved to Reno in 1926, where she worked for another twenty years. She died in Reno in 1955.

Dayton, Nevada
Dayton is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Lyon County, Nevada, United States. The population was 15,153 at the 2020 census. Dayton is the second-oldest Nevada settlement, after Genoa, and is home to the oldest hotel in the state.
HMS Talavera
Two ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Talavera:

HMS Talavera (1818) was an 74-gun third rate, launched in 1818 and destroyed by fire in 1840

HMS Waterloo (1818), originally ordered as the Talavera but was renamed on the stocks after the Battle of Waterloo

HMS Talavera (1818)
HMS Talavera was a 74-gun third-rate Repulse-class ship of the line built for the Royal Navy in the 1810s. Completed in 1819, she was in ordinary until 1829 when she was commissioned for service as a guard ship.
Laṛam
Laṛám (Pashto: لړم)  is the name of the eighth month of the Afghan calendar. It occurs in the autumn season (from October 22/23 to November 20/21). It has 30 days.

Laṛám corresponds with the troáical Zodiac sign Scorpio. Laṛám means "scorpion" in Pashto.

Scorpio (astrology)
Scorpio (♏︎; Ancient Greek: Σκορπιός, romanized: Skorpiós, Latin for "scorpion") is the eighth astrological sign in the zodiac, originating from the constellation of Scorpius. It spans 210–240° ecliptic longitude. Under the tropical zodiac (most commonly used in Western astrology), the Sun transits this sign on average from October 24 to November 22. (Depending on which zodiac system one uses, someone born under the influence of Scorpio may be called a Scorpio or Scorpionic.
Stefan Marinov
Stefan Marinov (Bulgarian: Стефан Маринов) (1 February 1931 – 15 July 1997) was a Bulgarian physicist, researcher, writer, and lecturer who promoted anti-relativistic theoretical viewpoints and later in his life defended the ideas of perpetual motion and free energy. In 1997, he self-published experimental results that confirmed classical electromagnetism and disproved that a machine he had constructed could be a source of perpetual motion.

Free energy suppression conspiracy theory
Free energy suppression (or new energy suppression) is a conspiracy theory  that technologically viable, pollution-free, no-cost energy sources are being suppressed by governments, corporations, or advocacy groups. Devices allegedly suppressed include perpetual motion machines, cold fusion generators, torus-based generators, reverse-engineered extraterrestrial technology, anti-gravity propulsion systems, and other generally unproven or physically impossible, low-cost energy sources.
2022 Nova Scotia Liberal Party leadership election
The 2022 Nova Scotia Liberal Party leadership election took place on July 9, 2022 to elect a leader to replace Iain Rankin, who announced his intent to resign on January 5, 2022 after leading the party since 2021 and following the party's defeat in the 2021 Nova Scotia general election.

Northside-Westmount
Northside-Westmount is a provincial electoral district in  Nova Scotia, Canada, that elects one member of the Nova Scotia House of Assembly.

In 1933, the County of Cape Breton was divided into five electoral districts, one of which was Cape Breton North, which was carved out of parts of Cape Breton Centre and Cape Breton East. In 2003, the district gained upper North Sydney as far as Balls Creek and Point Aconi. In 2013, the district was renamed Northside-Westmount and it lost the area west of Little Bras d'Or to Victoria-The Lakes and gained the area north of Highway 125 from Cape Breton South.

In the 2021 election, Northside-Westmount was the only riding to flip to the Liberals as the province went from a Liberal majority to a Progressive Conservative majority.
Matt Bowe
Matthew Bowe (born 13 June 1983) is a British swimming coach and former butterfly swimmer.

Bowe, raised in the Cumbrian village of Silecroft, was British national champion in the 100 metre butterfly. He swam the butterfly leg in England's silver medal-winning 4 × 100 metre medley relay performance at the 2006 Melbourne Commonwealth Games. In 2007 he represented Great Britain at the World Championships, placing fifth with the medley relay team. He attended Loughborough University and participated in two editions of the World University Games.

Since 2013, Bowe has coached swimming at the collegiate level in the United States, most recently at The University of Michigan, and previously with UC Berkeley, where he is the men's associate head coach. Previously he was a senior associate head coach at Ohio State University.

Loughborough University
Loughborough University (abbreviated as Lough or Lboro for post-nominals) is a public research university in the market town of Loughborough, Leicestershire, England. It has been a university since 1966, but it dates back to 1909, when Loughborough Technical Institute was founded. In March 2013, the university announced it had bought the former broadcast centre at the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park as a second campus. The annual income of the institution for 2024–25 was £386.2 million, of which £57.0 million was from research grants and contracts, with an expenditure of £379.5 million. In 2024, Loughborough ranked ninth nationally for undergraduate education.
John Philip Kemble as Cato
John Philip Kemble as Cato is an 1812 portrait by the English artist Thomas Lawrence of the actor John Philip Kemble. 
Part of the Kemble dynasty he was, along with his sister Sarah Siddons, one of the most celebrated actors of the period. Lawrence had established himself as the leading portrait painter of the Regency era and had previously painted Kemble as Hamlet in 1801.

Kemble is shown in the role of Cato from Joseph Addison's 1713 play Cato, a Tragedy. It was exhibited at the Royal Academy's Summer Exhibition. Today it is in the National Portrait Gallery in London having been purchased in 2009 with assistance from the Art Fund and Garrick Club. A 1798 painting by Lawrence John Philip Kemble as Coriolanus is now in the Guildhall Art Gallery.

Kemble family
Kemble is the name of a family of English actors, who reigned over the English stage for many decades. The most famous were Sarah Siddons (1755–1831) and her brother John Philip Kemble (1757–1823), the two eldest of the twelve children of Roger Kemble (1721–1802), a strolling player and manager of the Warwickshire Company of Comedians, who in 1753 married an actress, Sarah Ward. Roger Kemble was born in Hereford and was a grand-nephew of Father John Kemble, a recusant Catholic priest, who was hanged in that city in 1679. Three younger children of Roger, Stephen Kemble (1758–1822), Charles Kemble (1775–1854), and Elizabeth Whitlock (1761–1836), were also actors, while Ann Hatton was a novelist.
Eustache Ngabisha
Eustache Ngabisha (d. 1972 in Ngozi, Burundi) was a Burundian politician, and the father of Burundian president Pierre Nkurunziza.

Ngabisha, who was Hutu and Roman Catholic, was an associate of Louis Rwagasore in the early 1960s, and subsequently became involved in politics, joining UPRONA.

In 1965, he was elected to a term in the Parliament of Burundi, and later served as governor of Ngozi Province and Kayanza Province (also described as the "director" of Kabezi, and the "commissioner of the district (Ngozi-Kayanza)").

During the 1972 genocide in Burundi, Ngabisha was imprisoned in Ngozi, and subsequently strangled in his cell with his own necktie.

Parliament of Burundi
The Parliament of Burundi (Kirundi:  Abashingamateka) consists of two chambers:

The Senate (Upper Chamber), called  Inama nkenguzamateka in Kirundi, is made up of 13 members

The National Assembly (Lower Chamber) , called   Inama nshingamateka in Kirundi, is made up of 111 members
Ensio Partanen
Vilho Ensio Partanen (1 June 1910 – 3 January 2000) was a Finnish Lutheran pastor and politician, born in Lahti. He was a member of the Parliament of Finland from 1958 to 1970, representing the Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP). He was a presidential elector in the 1962 and 1968 presidential elections.

1962 Finnish presidential election
Two-stage presidential elections were held in Finland in 1962. On 15 and 16 January the public elected presidential electors to an electoral college. They in turn elected the President. The result was a victory for Urho Kekkonen, who won on the first ballot. The turnout for the popular vote was 81.5%.
Milton Ray
Milton Leónidas Ray Guevara (born 5 May 1948, in Samaná) is a Dominican lawyer, judge and expert constitutionalist. He is the first and current Chief Justice of the Constitutional Court of the Dominican Republic.

He was elected senator for 1998–2002 by the Dominican Revolutionary Party, but he left the senatorial office when he was appointed Minister of Labour on 16 August 2000 and held that position until 16 August 2004.

Constitutional Court of the Dominican Republic
The Constitutional Court (TC), created by the Dominican Constitution of 2010, is a constitutional court the mission of which is to guarantee the supremacy of the Constitution, defend the constitutional order and protect fundamental rights (art. 184 of the Constitution).

In order to comply with its powers, expressly conferred by the Constitution and the Organic Law of the Constitutional Court and Constitutional Procedures, No. 137-11, the Constitutional Court issues decisions which are final and irrevocable, and which, at the same time, constitute binding precedents for the public authorities and all the organs of the State. The Constitutional Court is autonomous and independent from the other branches of government and is vested with administrative and budgetary autonomy.

The TC has its headquarters in the municipality of Santo Domingo Oeste, province of Santo Domingo, in front of the Plaza de la Bandera, but may meet in any other place in the Dominican Republic.
Gawronki, Lower Silesian Voivodeship
Gawronki [ɡaˈvrɔnki] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Rudna, within Lubin County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It was part of Germany prior to the reorganization of German borders after World War II.

Gawrony Castle is located nearby.

Lubin County
Lubin County (Polish: powiat lubiński) (German:Lüben Kreis) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, south-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. The county covers an area of 712 square kilometres (274.9 sq mi). Its administrative seat and largest town is Lubin, and its only other town is Ścinawa.

As of 2019 the total population of the county is 106,211, out of which the population of Lubin is 72,428, the population of Ścinawa is 5,582, and the rural population is 28,201.
Tyler LaTorre
Tyler James LaTorre (born April 22, 1983) is an American baseball coach and former professional baseball catcher. He is the head baseball coach of the Pepperdine University baseball team. LaTorre played college baseball at University of California, Davis from 2003 to 2006 for coach Rex Peters before going on to a professional career from 2006 to 2016. He played for Team Italy in the 2013 World Baseball Classic.

Italy national baseball team
The Italy national baseball team (Italian: Nazionale di baseball dell'Italia) represents Italy in international baseball competitions. The national team was ranked 16th in the world as of 2022. Like the country's association football team and other national teams, the national baseball team is known as the Azzurri ("the Blues"), and wears traditional Savoy blue on its uniforms.

Team Italy will compete in the 2026 World Baseball Classic in March 2026.
Stone Well, South Australia
Stone Well is a settlement in South Australia. It is on the western side of the North Para River in the Barossa Valley. The current boundaries for the locality were established in May 1995 for the long-established name. The boundaries are the North Para River, Smyth Road, Stonewell Road and Seppeltsfield Road.

Barossa Valley
The Barossa Valley (Barossa German: Barossa Tal) is a valley in South Australia located 60 kilometres (37 mi) northeast of Adelaide city centre. The valley is formed by the North Para River. It is notable as a major wine-producing region and tourist destination.

The Barossa Valley Way is the main road through the valley, connecting the main towns on the valley floor of Nuriootpa, Tanunda, Rowland Flat and Lyndoch. The Barossa Trail walking and cycling path is 40 kilometres (25 mi) long, and passes the main towns, starting from near Gawler on the Adelaide Plains, to Angaston to the east of the valley.
GM Financial
General Motors Financial Company, Inc. is the financial services arm of General Motors. The company is a global provider of auto finance, with operations in the United States, Mexico, Latin America, Canada, and China. Operations in Europe were sold to  PSA Groupe and BNP Paribas following the sale of GM's core area businesses Opel and Vauxhall in a $2.2 billion deal. The company is headquartered in Fort Worth, Texas, where it is downtown Fort Worth's largest employer.

Founded in 1992 as AmeriCredit Corp., the company was acquired by GM in October 2010 and renamed General Motors Financial Company, Inc. The company provides retail loan and lease programs through auto dealers for customers across the credit spectrum. They also offer commercial lending products, such as retail floorplan, construction and real estate loans, or insurance for car dealerships.

Before its acquisition by GM, the company ranked at 768 on the Fortune 1000.

Fortune 1000
The Fortune 1000 are the 1,000 largest American companies ranked by revenues, as compiled by the American business magazine Fortune. It only includes companies which are incorporated or authorized to do business in the United States, and for which revenues are publicly available (regardless of whether they are public companies listed on a stock market). The Fortune 500 is the subset of the list that is its 500 largest companies.

The list draws the attention of business readers seeking to learn the influential players in the American economy and prospective sales targets, as these companies tend to have large budgets and staff needs. Walmart was number one on the list for five of the seven years from 2007 to 2014, interrupted only by ExxonMobil in 2009 and 2012.

The following is a list of urban areas by the number of companies on the 2014 Fortune 1000 list that are located there:
Wendal Wehr
Wendal Peter Wehr (born 27 December 1987 in Worcester, South Africa) is a South African rugby union player for Griquas in the Currie Cup and in the Rugby Challenge. He mostly plays as a flanker, but he has also occasionally played as a winger.

Bulls (rugby union)
The Bulls (known for sponsorship reasons as the Vodacom Bulls) are a South African professional rugby union team based in Pretoria. They play their home matches at Loftus Versfeld. They compete in the United Rugby Championship, having competed in the Super Rugby competition until 2020 and the domestic Currie Cup competition.

The side won the Super 14 in 2007, 2009 and 2010, placing them among the most successful teams in Super Rugby history with three titles. They were the most successful team of the Super 14 era (2006–10), winning three out of the five titles. They are the most successful South African team, and the only South African team to win a Super Rugby title.

Formerly known as Northern Transvaal the side has competed in the Currie Cup since 1937 before becoming the Bulls in 1997.
Epi-convergence
In mathematical analysis, epi-convergence is a type of convergence for real-valued and extended real-valued functions.

Epi-convergence is important because it is the appropriate notion of convergence with which to approximate minimization problems in the field of mathematical optimization. The symmetric notion of hypo-convergence is appropriate for maximization problems. Mosco convergence is a generalization of epi-convergence to infinite dimensional spaces.

Roger J-B Wets
Roger Jean-Baptiste Robert Wets (February 1937 – April 1, 2025) was a Belgian stochastic programming and a leader in variational analysis who published as Roger J-B Wets. His research, expositions, graduate students, and his collaboration with R. Tyrrell Rockafellar have had a profound influence on optimization theory, computations, and applications. Since 2009, Wets has been a distinguished research professor at the mathematics department of the University of California, Davis.
Rosalind Polly Blakesley
Rosalind Polly Blakesley (née Gray) is a prize-winning author, art historian and academic, and the current Master of Pembroke College, Cambridge.
She has taught art history at the University of Cambridge, been a Fellow of Pembroke College since 2002, and a Professor of Russian and European Art since 2018. She previously worked at The Queen's College, Oxford, the Russian Institute of Art History, Newcastle University, and the University of Kent.

University of Kent
The University of Kent (formerly the University of Kent at Canterbury, abbreviated as UKC) is a public research university in Kent, United Kingdom. Founded by royal charter in 1965, Princess Marina, Duchess of Kent served as its first Chancellor.

The university's principal campus occupies 300 acres of land overlooking the World Heritage Site of Canterbury Cathedral, and also maintains a campus in Medway and a postgraduate centre in Paris. The university is international, with students from 158 different nationalities and 41% of its academic and research staff being from outside the United Kingdom. It is a member of the Santander Network of European universities encouraging social and economic development.

Alumni include two Nobel laureates in literature — Sir Kazuo Ishiguro, and Abdulrazak Gurnah — as well as prominent individuals in politics, media, and law.
Shang Hong
Shang Hong (Chinese: 尚红; born October 1960) is a Chinese venereologist who specializes in HIV/AIDS. She has been vice-president of China Medical University and its First Affiliated Hospital. She is vice-president of Chinese Association of STD and AIDS Prevention and Control.

China Medical University (Liaoning)
China Medical University (CMU; 中国医科大学) is a public medical university in Shenyang, Liaoning, China. The university was the first medical school established by the Chinese Communist Party. The predecessor of the university was the Military Medical School of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army founded in Ruijin, Jiangxi Province in November 1931.

At present, China Medical University is accredited to grant doctoral degrees in 6 primary disciplines, which are Basic Medicine, Clinical Medicine, Biology, Stomatology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, and Nursing. It also has five national key academic disciplines and one national key academic discipline in cultivation, 40 national key clinical specialty construction projects of National Health Commission, 6 first class distinctive disciplines of universities and colleges in Liaoning, 7 mobile post-doctoral stations and 21 undergraduate specialties.
Brian Barry
Brian Barry, FBA (7 August 1936 – 10 March 2009) was a moral and political philosopher. He was educated at the Queen's College, Oxford, obtaining the degrees of B.A. and D.Phil. under the direction of H. L. A. Hart.

Along with David Braybrooke, Richard E. Flathman, Felix Oppenheim, and Abraham Kaplan, he is widely credited with having fused analytic philosophy and political science. Barry also fused political theory and social choice theory and was a persistent critic of public choice theory.

The Queen's College, Oxford
The Queen's College is a constituent college of the University of Oxford, England. The college was founded in 1341 by Robert de Eglesfield in honour of Philippa of Hainault, queen of England. It is distinguished by its predominantly neoclassical architecture, primarily dating from the 18th century.

As of 2022, the college had an endowment of £327.8 million making it the fifth-wealthiest Oxford college (after Christ Church, Magdalen, St. John's, and All Souls).
Leibniz operator
In abstract algebraic logic, a branch of mathematical logic, the Leibniz operator is a tool used to classify deductive systems, which have a precise technical definition and capture a large number of logics. The Leibniz operator was introduced by Wim Blok and Don Pigozzi, two of the founders of the field, as a means to abstract the well-known Lindenbaum–Tarski process, that leads to the association of Boolean algebras to classical propositional calculus, and make it applicable to as wide a variety of sentential logics as possible. It is an operator that assigns to a given theory of a given sentential logic, perceived as a term algebra with a consequence operation on its universe, the largest congruence on the algebra that is compatible with the theory.

Theory (mathematical logic)
In mathematical logic, a theory (also called a formal theory) is a set of sentences in a formal language. In most scenarios a deductive system is first understood from context, giving rise to a formal system that combines the language with deduction rules. An element  of a deductively closed theory  is then called a theorem of the theory. In many deductive systems there is usually a subset  that is called "the set of axioms" of the theory , in which case the deductive system is also called an "axiomatic system". By definition, every axiom is automatically a theorem. A first-order theory is a set of first-order sentences (theorems) recursively obtained by the inference rules of the system applied to the set of axioms.
Kuloa usambarensis
Kuloa usambarensis (synonym Ocotea usambarensis) is a species of tree in the laurel family (Lauraceae). It is native to eastern Africa in Kenya, Tanga Region of  Tanzania, and locally in Uganda, where it occurs at 1600–2600 m elevation in high rainfall Afromontane cloud forest. Common names include East African camphorwood, mkulo (Tanzania), mwiha (Uganda), muwong, muthaiti, and maasi.

Tanga Region
Tanga Region (Swahili: Mkoa wa Tanga) is one of Tanzania's 31 administrative regions. The region covers an area of 26,667 km2 (10,296 sq mi). The region is comparable in size to the combined land area of the nation state of Burundi. The regional capital is the municipality of Tanga city. Located in northeast Tanzania, the region is bordered by Kenya and Kilimanjaro Region to the north; Manyara Region to the west; and Morogoro and Pwani Regions to the south. It has a coastline to the east with the Indian Ocean. According to the 2022 national census, the region had a population of 2,615,597.