hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Goodwin Cooke
Goodwin Cooke (born 1931) is a Professor of Practice Emeritus in International Relations at Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs of Syracuse University and was a U.S. foreign service officer who served as ambassador to the Central African Republic (October 11, 1978 – July 13, 1980).

Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs
The Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs (Maxwell School) is the professional public policy school of Syracuse University, a private research university in Syracuse, New York. The school is organized in 11 academic departments and 13 affiliated research centers and offers coursework in the fields of public administration, international relations, foreign policy, political Science, science and technology policy, social sciences, and economics through its undergraduate (BA) degrees, graduate Master of Public Affairs (MPA), Master of Arts (MA), and PhD degrees.
Ferd (nickname)
As a nickname, Ferd is usually a short form of Ferdinand. Notable people so named include:

Ferd Burket (born 1933), American football player

Ferd Crone (born 1954), Dutch politician

Ferd Dreher (1913–1996), American football player

Ferd Eunick (1892–1959), American baseball player

Ferdinand Grapperhaus (born 1959), Dutch politician

Ferdinand Havis (1846–1918), African-American slave, politician and businessman

Ferd Hayward (1911–1988), Canadian racewalker

Ferd J. Hess (1848–1928), American politician

Ferd Johnson (1905–1996), American cartoonist

Ferd Kayser (1833–1919), German mine manager

Ferd Lahure (1929–2019), Luxembourgish football goalkeeper

Ferd Wirtz (1885–1947), Luxembourgish gymnast

Ferd Wirtz
Ferdinand Wirtz (26 November 1885 – 18 April 1947) was a Luxembourgish gymnast who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics. He was born in Luxembourg City. In 1912, he was a member of the Luxembourgish team, which finished fourth in the team, European system competition and fifth in the team, free system event.
Alma Qeramixhi
Alma Qeramixhi (born November 9, 1963, in Korçë) is an Albanian heptathlete who represented her country in the 1992 Summer Olympics.  She competed in the women's heptathlon

In 1989, she set the Albanian record for the 100 m. hurdles event which she still holds. She also set in 1990 the Albanian record in heptathlon, which she also still holds.

Korçë
Korçë (pronounced [ˈkɔɾtʃə]; Albanian definite form: Korça) is the eighth most populous city of Albania and the seat of Korçë County and Korçë Municipality. The total population of the city is 51,152 and 75,994 of Korçë municipality (2011 census), in a total area of 806 km2 (311 sq mi). It stands on a plateau some 850 m (2,789 ft) above sea level, surrounded by the Morava Mountains.

The area of the Old Bazaar, including Mirahori Mosque, is considered as the urban core of the city. Founded by the local Ottoman Albanian nobleman Ilias Bey Mirahori, the urban area of Korçë dates back to the late 15th century and the beginning of the 16th century, however its actual physiognomy was realized in the 19th century, during a period that corresponds with the rapid growth and development of the city. The Old Bazaar has played a dominant role in Albania's market history. Korçë is the largest city of eastern Albania and an important cultural and industrial centre.
Horntown, Virginia
Horntown is a census-designated place (CDP) in Accomack County, Virginia, United States. Per the 2020 census, the population was 912.

In the mid-19th century, Horntown was a stagecoach stop on the route between Wilmington, Delaware and Eastville.

Eastville, Virginia
Eastville is a town in Northampton County, Virginia, United States. The population was 300 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Northampton County. The Northampton County Courthouse Historic District is part of the Eastville Historic District at the county seat.
Willi Hohm
Willi Hohm is an Austrian para-alpine skier. He won the bronze medal in the Men's Downhill B1 event at the 1988 Winter Paralympics in Innsbruck, Austria. He also represented Austria at the 1976 Winter Paralympics and at the 1984 Winter Paralympics.

1988 Winter Paralympics
The 1988 Winter Paralympic Games (German: Paralympische Winterspiele 1988) were the fourth Winter Paralympics, held again in Innsbruck, Austria. These were the last Paralympics to be held in a separate location from the Olympics. Beginning in 1992, the Olympics and the Paralympics were held in the same city or in an adjacent city. These Paralympics were not held at the same Olympic venue in Calgary, Canada, because of financial and recruiting difficulties. A total of 377 athletes from 22 countries took part. The USSR competed for the first and only time. Sit-skiing was introduced as another event in both the Alpine and Nordic skiing competitions. Other sports were biathlon and ice sledge speed racing. Ice sledge speed racer Knut Lundstroem from Norway was the most successful athlete, winning four gold medals in the 100m, 500m, 1000m and 1500m events.
Ocampo, Tamaulipas
Ciudad Ocampo in Ocampo Municipality in the Mexican state of Tamaulipas was founded on May 19, 1749, as Villa of Santa Bárbara; the town became known as Ocampo in 1869. The credit for the founding of Santa Barbara is given to Don José Escandón y Helguera. It is at the southern border of the  state, among the Sierra Madre Oriental Mountains.  Surrounded by green mountains and hundreds of farms, it is known as "El Vergel de Tamaulipas", the Orchard of Tamaulipas.  The name Ocampo is so named in honor of the reformist Melchor Ocampo.

Sierra Madre Oriental
The Sierra Madre Oriental (Spanish: [ˈsjera ˈmaðɾe oɾjenˈtal] ⓘ) is a mountain range located in northeastern Mexico. The Sierra Madre Oriental is part of the American Cordillera, a chain of mountain ranges (cordillera) that consists of an almost continuous sequence of mountain ranges that form the western "backbone" of North America, Central America, South America, and Antarctica.
Bass Island Brownstone Company Quarry
The Bass Island Brownstone Company Quarry, also known as the Basswood Island Quarry, on Basswood Island in Lake Superior was operational from 1868 to 1893. The brownstone was first used for construction of the second Milwaukee County Courthouse, now demolished. The quarry, now filled with water, is about 200 feet (61 m) long and about 25 feet (7.6 m) deep. Blocks of sandstone remain, together with the rusting remains of quarrying machinery. All company buildings and workers' cabins have disappeared.

Other buildings built with the quarry's product include the old Chicago Tribune building, the Landmark Chapel at the Forest Home Cemetery and St. Paul's Episcopal Church, both in Milwaukee. The island and quarry are presently included in Apostle Islands National Lakeshore and are administered by the National Park Service. The quarry was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on March 29, 1978.

Milwaukee County Courthouse
The Milwaukee County Courthouse is a high-rise municipal building located in downtown Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Completed in 1931, it is the third county courthouse to be built in the city and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The first two courthouses were built at what is now Cathedral Square Park on the east side of the Milwaukee River.
Samuel Fleming Barr
Samuel Fleming Barr (June 15, 1829 – May 29, 1919) was a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania.

Samuel F. Barr was born near Coleraine, County Londonderry, Ireland.  He immigrated to the United States in 1831 with his parents, who settled in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.  He attended the common schools, and worked as a freight agent of the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago Railroad in 1855 and 1856.  Early in the United States Civil War was employed upon government railways in and about Washington, D.C.  He worked as editor of the Harrisburg Telegraph from 1873 to 1878.

Barr was elected as a Republican to the Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth Congresses.  He declined to be a candidate for renomination in 1884.  He retired, spending winters in San Diego, California, and summers in Seal Harbor, Maine.  He died in San Diego in 1919.  Interment in Odd Fellows Cemetery.

Mount Desert, Maine
Mount Desert is a town located on Mount Desert Island in Hancock County, Maine, United States. The population was 2,146 at the 2020 census. Incorporated in 1789, the town comprises the villages of Otter Creek, Seal Harbor, Northeast Harbor, Somesville, Hall Quarry, and Pretty Marsh.
Arachne (web browser)
Arachne is an Internet suite containing a graphical web browser, email client, and dialer. Originally, Arachne was developed by Michal Polák under his xChaos label, a name he later changed into Arachne Labs. It was written in C and compiled using Borland C++ 3.1. Arachne has since been released under the GPL as Arachne GPL.

Arachne primarily runs on DOS-based operating systems, but  there are also builds available for Linux. The Linux version of Arachne utilizes SVGALib, allowing it to function without requiring a display server.

Email client
An email client, email reader, message user agent (MUA), or mail user agent is a computer program used to access and manage a user's email.

A web application which provides message management, composition, and reception functions may act as a webmail client, and a piece of computer hardware or software whose primary or most visible role is to work as an email client may also use the term.
Barbara Anderson (anti-tax activist)
Barbara Anderson (1943 – April 8, 2016) was an anti-tax activist. She was eulogized by Governor of Massachusetts Charlie Baker for her contribution to reducing property, income and excise taxes for state citizens (moving Massachusetts from the sixth-heaviest taxed state to the 36th). She was an executive director of Citizens for Limited Taxation for 35 years. In November 1980, she led the property tax relief campaign, instituting the ballot initiative empowering voters with a veto on property tax hikes. She was instrumental in the repeal of the state income tax surtax; defeat of the graduated income tax ballot question, and “temporary” state income tax increase rollback. She was a weekly contributor to both The Salem News and The Lawrence Eagle-Tribune Publishing Company. Anderson was known as “The Mother of Proposition 2½.” She co-hosted a popular WRKO radio program with newspaper columnist Howie Carr and radio personality Jerry Williams.

Property tax
A property tax (whose rate is expressed as a percentage or per mille, also called millage) is an ad valorem tax on the value of a property.

The tax is levied by the governing authority of the jurisdiction in which the property is located. This can be a national government, a federated state, a county or other geographical region, or a municipality. Multiple jurisdictions may tax the same property.

Often a property tax is levied on real estate. It may be imposed annually or at the time of a real estate transaction, such as in real estate transfer tax. This tax can be contrasted with a rent tax, which is based on rental income or imputed rent, and a land value tax, which is a levy on the value of land, excluding the value of buildings and other improvements.

Under a property tax system, the government requires or performs an appraisal of the monetary value of each property, and tax is assessed in proportion to that value.
Gårding's inequality
In mathematics, Gårding's inequality is a result that gives a lower bound for the bilinear form induced by a real linear elliptic partial differential operator. The inequality is named after Lars Gårding.

Lars Gårding
Lars Gårding (7 March 1919 – 7 July 2014) was a Swedish mathematician. He made notable contributions to the study of partial differential equations and partial differential operators. He was a professor of mathematics at Lund University in Sweden from 1952 to 1984. Together with Marcel Riesz, he was a thesis advisor for Lars Hörmander. In physics, he is known for postulating the Gårding–Wightman axioms of quantum field theory.
Equestrian at the 1932 Summer Olympics – Individual dressage
The individual dressage in equestrian at the 1932 Olympic Games in Los Angeles was held at the Riviera Country Club in Pacific Palisades on 10 August. France's Xavier Lesage won the gold medal and his countrymen Charles Marion the silver. The bronze was won by Hiram Tuttle of the United States.

Hiram Tuttle (equestrian)
Hiram Edwin Tuttle (December 22, 1882 in Dexter, Maine – November 11, 1956 in Fort Riley, Kansas) was an American equestrian who competed in dressage at the 1932 Summer Olympics and in the 1936 Summer Olympics. He is the only American dressage rider to win an individual medal at an Olympic Games. Tuttle was a lawyer in Boston prior to being a US Army quartermaster officer from 1930 to 1944. He owned and trained his own horses, unusual in a time when the majority of Olympic competitors rode Army-owned horses, and is buried near three of them at the cemetery in Fort Riley.
Maximilian Maksakov
Maksimilian Karlovich Maksakov (Максимилиа′н Ка′рлович Макса′ков, also known as Max Maksakov, real name Max Schwartz; 1869 in Chernivtsi, Duchy of Bukovina,  Austria-Hungary — March 26, 1936 in Moscow, USSR) — was an Austrian/Russian opera singer (dramatic baritone) and music teacher. As a theater director, entrepreneur and later Russian Academy of Theatre Arts professor, Maksakov has made a considerable impact on the development of performance arts in Russia, especially in the province. His best known protégé was a renowned Soviet mezzo-soprano Maria Maksakova Sr. whom he married in 1920.

Duchy of Bukovina
The Duchy of Bukovina (German: Herzogtum Bukowina or Herzogtum Buchenland; Romanian: Ducatul Bucovinei; Ukrainian: Герцогство Буковина, romanized: Hertsohstvo Bukovyna) was a constituent land of the Austrian Empire from 1849 and a Cisleithanian crown land of Austria-Hungary from 1867 until 1918.
Once Again (John Legend album)
Once Again is the second studio album by American singer John Legend, released by GOOD Music, Sony Urban Music and Columbia Records on October 24, 2006. Legend co-wrote and co-produced the bulk of the album, working with collaborators such as Kanye West, will.i.am, Raphael Saadiq, Craig Street, Sa-Ra, Eric Hudson, Devo Springsteen, Dave Tozer and Avenue.

Singles from the album include "Save Room", "Heaven", "P.D.A. (We Just Don't Care)", "Stereo", "Another Again", "Slow Dance", "Show Me" and "Each Day Gets Better". Once Again has been certified platinum by the RIAA, after shipping over one million copies. The song "Heaven" won the Grammy Award for Best Male R&B Vocal Performance. Also, "Save Room" was nominated for Best Male Pop Vocal Performance.

Devo Harris
DeVon "Devo" Harris (born December 9, 1977), also known as Devo Springsteen, is an American record producer, songwriter, and DJ. The cousin of American rapper Kanye West, Harris discovered and led American singer John Legend to sign with West's label, GOOD Music, in 2003. Harris extensively contributed to Legend's debut Get Lifted (2004) and subsequent albums, along with releases for other artists including Nas, Britney Spears, Aretha Franklin, Ol' Dirty Bastard, and the Last Poets. For his production on West's 2005 single "Diamonds from Sierra Leone", Harris won the Best Rap Song honor at the 48th Annual Grammy Awards.

Devo earned his BS in Economics from the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania. After earning his Master of Business Administration degree from Columbia Business School in 2011, Harris has since shifted focus onto technology and media proprietorship.
2018 Dow Tennis Classic
The 2018 Dow Tennis Classic was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the twenty-fourth edition of the tournament and was part of the 2018 ITF Women's Circuit. It took place in Midland, United States, on 29 January–4 February 2018.

Madison Brengle
Madison Brengle (born April 3, 1990) is an American professional tennis player. Her biggest success came in early 2015 when she reached her first WTA Tour final in January, followed by a fourth round major event appearance at the Australian Open. In May of that year, she reached her career-high singles ranking of No. 35.

Brengle has won two singles titles and one doubles title on the WTA Challenger Tour, and 19 singles and seven doubles titles on the ITF Circuit.

In August 2007, she was ranked fourth in the world in juniors. Brengle then toiled for years in the ITF Circuit. Over the course of 24 consecutive majors from 2008 to 2014, she failed to make it out of the pre-tournament qualifier. The streak ended when she earned a wildcard for the 2014 US Open main draw, which she capitalized on for her first major match-win. Her ranking soon rose into the top 100 for the first time in September 2014.
George Manangoi
George Meitamei Manangoi (born 29 November 2000) is a Kenyan middle-distance runner.

In the 1,500 metres event, his personal best is a 3:31.49 (Stade Louis II, Monaco, 12 July 2019). He won this event at the 2018 U20 World Championships in Tampere, defeating Jakob Ingebrigtsen.
He is the young brother of Elijah Manangoi, who is also a middle-distance runner.

On 20 July 2018, he attempted and failed to break the junior world record in the 1,000 metres during the Herculis track meet in Monaco, and was defeated by Solomon Lekuta.

He also won the 1500 metres event at the 2019 African Games in Rabat.

2018 IAAF World U20 Championships
The 2018 World U20 Championships in Athletics, also known as the World Junior Championships, was an international athletics competition for athletes qualifying as juniors (born no earlier than 1 January 1999) which was held  at Tampere Stadium in Tampere, Finland on 10–15 July 2018. The championships were originally awarded to Tampere by the IAAF in March, 2016.
Center, Texas
Center is a city in Shelby County, Texas, United States. The population was 5,221 at the 2020 U.S. census. It is the county seat of Shelby County located in deep East Texas.  It was named for its location near the center of Shelby County; the community is near the Louisiana border.

American Idol season 16
The sixteenth season of American Idol premiered on March 11, 2018, on the ABC television network. It was the show's first season to air on ABC, and after 15 years, Ryan Seacrest continued his role as host, while Katy Perry, Luke Bryan, and Lionel Richie joined the show as judges. Maddie Poppe won the season on May 21, 2018, while Caleb Lee Hutchinson was the runner-up, and Gabby Barrett finished in third place.
Flag of the Cook Islands
The flag of the Cook Islands, officially known as the Cook Islands Ensign, is based on the traditional design for former British colonies in the Pacific region. It is a blue ensign containing the Union Jack in the upper left, and on the right, fifteen stars in a ring. The Union Jack is symbolic of the nation's historic ties to the United Kingdom and to the Commonwealth of Nations. The stars stand for the fifteen islands that make up the Cook Islands (Tongareva, Rakahanga, Manihiki, Pukapuka, Nassau, Suwarrow, Palmerston, Aitutaki, Manuae, Takutea, Atiu, Mitiaro, Mauke, Rarotonga and Mangaia). The blue represents the ocean and the peaceful nature of the inhabitants.

Rakahanga
Rakahanga is part of the Cook Islands, situated in the central-southern Pacific Ocean. The unspoilt atoll is 1,248 kilometres (775 miles) from the Cook Islands' capital, Rarotonga, and lies 1,111 kilometres (690 miles) south of the equator. Its nearest neighbour is Manihiki which is just 44 kilometres (27 miles) away. Rakahanga's area is 4 square kilometres (1.5 sq mi). Its highest point is approximately 5 metres above sea level. The population was 83 in the 2016 Census of Population & Dwellings, with a density ratio of 32 people per square kilometer. Since 2014 Rakahanga's electricity has been 100% solar generated. The  Rakahanga-Manihiki language differs from Cook Islands Maori.
Michigan Guaranty Agency
The Michigan Guaranty Agency (MGA) is a component of the Michigan Higher Education Assistance Authority (MHEAA) and was established by Michigan Public Act 77 of 1960. MGA operates guarantees for three loan programs which are intended to guarantee subsidized and unsubsidized Federal Stafford loans, Federal PLUS loans, and Federal Consolidation loans made by banks, credit unions, savings and loan associations, insurance companies, certain federal agencies, and by the Michigan Higher Education Student Loan Authority (MHESLA).

The purpose of MHEAA's loan programs is to make low-interest, long-term educational loans available to students attending participating postsecondary institutions, and their parents. The loans are intended to enhance educational opportunities and improve the chance of success for program participants.

Debt consolidation
Debt consolidation is a form of debt refinancing that entails taking out one loan to pay off many others. This commonly refers to a personal finance process of individuals addressing high consumer debt, but occasionally it can also refer to a country's fiscal approach to consolidate corporate debt or government debt. The process can secure a lower overall interest rate to the entire debt load and provide the convenience of servicing only one loan or debt. Debt consolidation is sometimes offered by loan sharks, charging clients exorbitant interest rates. Further regulation has been discussed as a result.
OUTsurance Holdings
OUTsurance Holdings Limited, commonly referred to as OUTsurance, is a subsidiary of OUTsurance Group Limited (OUTsure, a JSE listed entity), a South African based financial services investment holding company. OUTsurance Holdings Limited was formed in 1998 with headquarters in Centurion, South Africa. It is a financial services holding company based in South Africa, with subsidiaries in Australia and Ireland.

OUTsurance subsidiaries offer various short and long-term insurance to individual and corporate customers.

Centurion, South Africa
Centurion (previously known as Verwoerdburg and before that Lyttelton) is an area with 236,580 inhabitants (2011 census) in the Gauteng Province of South Africa, between Pretoria and Midrand. Formerly an independent municipality, with its own town council, it has been part of the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality since 2000. Its heart is at the intersection of the N1 and N14 freeways. The R21 freeway also passes through the eastern part of Centurion.

The Waterkloof Air Force Base, as well as the Swartkop Air Force Base (which includes the South African Air Force Museum), are in Centurion.
Dennis Kayser
Dennis Kayser (born c. 1954) is an American football executive and former coach.  He is the senior director of on-field operations for the National Football League (NFL).  Kayser was the head football coach at State University of New York at Cortland in Cortland, New York from 1986 to 1989, where he accumulated a record of 26–15 and took the Red Dragons to the NCAA Division III playoffs twice.

State University of New York at Cortland
The State University of New York at Cortland (SUNY Cortland, C-State, or Cortland State) is a public university in Cortland, New York, United States. It was founded in 1868 and is part of the State University of New York (SUNY) system.