hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ramanauskas
Ramanauskas is the masculine form of a Lithuanian family name. Its feminine forms  are: Ramanauskienė (married woman or widow) and Ramanauskaitė (unmarried woman). It is a Lithuanized form of the Polish surname Romanowski. Other Slavic equivalents: Romanovsky/Romanovskiy (Russian), Ramanouski (Belarusian). All are toponymic surnames derived from any of locations named Romanów, Romany, or Romanowo,  with all of them being derived from the given name Roman."

Notable people with the surname include:

Adam Ramanauskas (born 1980), Australian rules footballer

Adolfas Ramanauskas (1918–1957), Lithuanian anti-Soviet partisan

Algis Ramanauskas (Algirdas Ramanauskas) (born 1970), Lithuanian entertainer

Auksutė Ramanauskaitė-Skokauskienė, Lithuanina engineer and politician, M.P.

Rita Ramanauskaitė (born 1970), Olympic javelin thrower

Johnny Ramensky (1905–1972), born Jonas Ramanauskas, Scottish career criminal

Johnny Ramensky
Johnny Ramensky MM, also known as John Ramsay, Gentleman Johnny, and Gentle Johnny (6 April 1906 – 4 November 1972) was a Scottish career criminal who used his safe-cracking abilities as a commando during the Second World War. A popular song about him, "The Ballad of Johnny Ramensky", was written in 1959 by Norman Buchan, later to become a Labour Party member of parliament, and recorded by singer Enoch Kent, Buchan's brother-in-law. Though a career criminal, Ramensky received the nickname "Gentle Johnny" as he never used violence when being apprehended by the police.
Rabfak
Rabfak (from Russian: рабфак, a syllabic abbreviation of Рабочий факультет, Rabochiy fakul′tet, "workers' faculty") was a type of educational institution in the Soviet Union which prepared Soviet workers and peasants to enter institutions of higher education. Such institutions were present in every faculty and institute for higher learning and tended to contain a density of members of either the Komsomol or the VKP(B). The rabfaki were created by Mikhail Pokrovskii in March 1919 and were active until the 1940s. They were intended for adults who had received little formal schooling and were intended as a fulfilment of the promises of the Revolution for upwards social mobility for workers and peasants.

Abbreviation
An abbreviation (from Latin  brevis 'short') is a shortened form of a word or phrase, by any method including shortening, contraction, initialism (which includes acronym), or crasis. An abbreviation may be a shortened form of a word, usually ended with a trailing full stop (period). For example, the term etc. is the usual abbreviation for the Latin phrase et cetera.
Quadrans Muralis
Quadrans Muralis (Latin for mural quadrant) was a constellation created by the French astronomer Jérôme Lalande in 1795. It depicted a wall-mounted quadrant with which he and his nephew Michel Lefrançois de Lalande had charted the celestial sphere, and was named Le Mural in the French atlas. It was between the constellations of Boötes and Draco, near the tail of Ursa Major, containing stars between β Bootis (Nekkar) and η Ursae Majoris (Alkaid).

Johann Elert Bode converted its name to Latin as Quadrans Muralis and shrank the constellation a little in his 1801 Uranographia star atlas, to avoid it clashing with neighboring constellations.

In 1922, Quadrans Muralis was omitted when the International Astronomical Union (IAU) formalized its list of officially recognized constellations.

Beta Boötis
Beta Boötis is a star in the northern constellation of Boötes. Its name is a Bayer designation that is Latinized from β Boötis, and abbreviated Beta Boo or β Boo. The star has the official name Nekkar, pronounced /ˈnɛkɑːr/, which is derived from an Arabic name for 'the Herdsman'. It has an apparent visual magnitude of 3.5, making it visible to the naked eye and one of the brighter members of the constellation. In the modern constellation, it marks the head of Boötes the herdsman. Based upon parallax measurements obtained by the Gaia spacecraft, this star is approximately 235 light-years (72 parsecs) from the Sun. It is drawing closer to the Sun with a radial velocity of −18 km/s. The magnitude of the star is reduced by 0.06 from extinction caused by intervening gas and dust.
Batrachosuchus
Batrachosuchus is a genus of temnospondyl that existed from the Early to Middle Triassic of southern Africa (Ntawere Formation of Zambia and Burgersdorp Formation of South Africa) and the Blina Shale of Australia. The holotype is a skull registered at the Natural History Museum UK (NHMUK PV R 3589).

Blina Shale
Blina Shale is a fossil bearing geological formation located in the Kimberley region of Northwest Australia.
The location is rich in deposits of vertebrate material, and the site of previously unknown Triassic species. Flora and invertebrate species have also been identified in the deposits, including microplankton and microflora.
Government of the Republic of the Rif
The Government of the Republic of the Rif was established on 18 September 1921 when the Riffian Tribes, led by Abd el-Krim, beat Spain in the Battle of Annual during the Rif War and created the Confederal Republic of the Tribes of the Rif.

The Republic of the Rif is considered the first-ever independent non-monarchical modern Amazigh state.

After the Riffian victory, President Abd el-Krim and his Council of Ministers issued a document titled "Government of the Rif Republic; Declaration of State and Proclamation to all Nations" declaring the independence of the Rif from the Franco-Spanish colonial dominion and from the Arab-Alouite Sultan Yusef of Morocco.

France–Spain relations
France and Spain maintain bilateral relations, in which both share a long border across the Pyrenees, other than one point which is cut off by Andorra. As two of the most powerful kingdoms of the early modern era, France and Spain fought a 24-year war (the Franco-Spanish War) until the signing of the Treaty of the Pyrenees in 1659. The treaty was signed on Pheasant Island between the two nations, which has since been a condominium, changing its allegiances each six months.

Both nations are member states of the European Union (and both nations utilize the euro as currency); both are also members of the Council of Europe, OECD, NATO, Union for the Mediterranean, and the United Nations.
Ahtanum Ridge
Ahtanum Ridge is a long anticline mountain ridge in Yakima County in the U.S. state of Washington. It is located just south of the city of Yakima, and much of its length is at the northern edge of the Yakama Indian Reservation. Its name comes from the Sahaptin toponym [átanɨm].

Ahtanum Ridge is part of the Yakima Fold Belt of east-tending long ridges formed by the folding of Miocene Columbia River basalt flows.

Ahtanum Ridge separates Yakima Valley on the south from Ahtanum Valley on the north. At the eastern end of Ahtanum Ridge the Yakima River flows through Union Gap. The ridge continues east of Union Gap as the Rattlesnake Hills.

Sahaptin
The Sahaptin are a number of Native American tribes who speak dialects of the Sahaptin language. The Sahaptin tribes inhabited territory along the Columbia River and its tributaries in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. Sahaptin-speaking peoples included the Klickitat, Kittitas, Yakama, Wanapum, Palus, Lower Snake, Skinpah, Walla Walla, Umatilla, Tenino, and Nez Perce.
Udine
Udine (US: /ˈuːdiːneɪ/ OO-dee-nay; Italian: [ˈuːdine] ⓘ; Friulian: Udin; Latin: Utinum; Slovene: Videm) is a city and comune (municipality) in northeastern Italy, in the middle of the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region, between the Adriatic Sea and the Carnic Alps. It is the capital of the Regional decentralization entity of Udine. As of 2025, it has a population of 98,320 in the commune, and 176,000 in the urban area.

Carnic Alps
The Carnic Alps (Italian: Alpi Carniche; German: Karnische Alpen; Slovene: Karnijske Alpe; Friulian: Alps Cjargnelis) are a range of the Southern Limestone Alps in Austria and northeastern Italy. They are within Austrian East Tyrol and Carinthia,  and Italian Friuli (Province of Udine) and marginally in Veneto.
Mai no Mahō to Katei no Hi
Mai no Mahō to Katei no Hi (マイの魔法と家庭の日, Mai's Magic and Family Day) is a 2011 Japanese anime television special produced by P.A. Works which aired in the Toyama Prefecture of Japan on the local network, KNB, and other networks in February 2011. Toyama Governor Takakazu Ishii revealed the project during a press conference for the 2011 prefectural budget. The series centers on second-grader Mai Tatsumi who use magic to understand her family's feelings. The series was designed to raise public awareness about the importance of family bonds.

Voices included Sumi Shimamoto as the mother, Yuki, and Mami Koyama as Hotaru, the grandmother.

Kitanihon Broadcasting
Kitanihon Broadcasting Co., Ltd. (北日本放送株式会社, Kitanihon Hōsō Kabushiki-gaisha), also known as KNB, is a Japanese broadcast network affiliated with Nippon News Network (NNN) and Nippon Television Network System (NNS). Their headquarters are located in Toyama Prefecture.
Hamilton Gymnasium F.C.
Hamilton Gymnasium Football Club was a 19th-century football club based in Hamilton, in South Lanarkshire, Scotland.  It was the earliest-founded football club in Scotland to play under Association laws and the first to host Queen's Park F.C. in an association match.

Hamilton, South Lanarkshire
Hamilton (Scots: Hamiltoun; Scottish Gaelic: Baile Hamaltan [ˈpalə ˈhaməl̪ˠt̪ʰan]) is a large town in South Lanarkshire, Scotland. It serves as the main administrative centre of the South Lanarkshire council area. It sits 10 miles (16 km) south-east of Glasgow, 37 miles (60 km) south-west of Edinburgh and 74 miles (120 km) north of Carlisle. It is situated on the south bank of the River Clyde at its confluence with the Avon Water. Hamilton is the county town of the historic county of Lanarkshire and is the location of the headquarters of the modern local authority of South Lanarkshire.

The town itself has a population of around 55,000, which makes it the 9th largest locality in Scotland, and anchors a defined settlement of 84,000 (including neighbouring Blantyre, Bothwell and Uddingston) which is the country's 8th largest.
Heavy metal fashion
Heavy metal fashion is the style of dress, body modification, make-up, hairstyle, and so on, taken on by fans of heavy metal, or, as they are often called, metalheads or headbangers. While the style has changed from the 1970s to the 2020s, certain key elements have remained constant, such as black clothes, long hair and leather jackets. In the 1980s, some bands began wearing spandex. Other attire includes denim or leather vests or jackets with band patches and logos, t-shirts with band names, and spiked wristbands. It can also include with heavier subgenres of metal: bullet belts, gas masks, and war gear.

Body modification
Body modification (or body alteration) is the deliberate altering of the human anatomy or human physical appearance. In its broadest definition it includes skin tattooing, socially acceptable decoration (e.g., common body piercing in many societies), and religious rites of passage (e.g., circumcision in a number of cultures), as well as the modern primitive movement.

Body modification is performed for a large variety of reasons, including aesthetics, sexual enhancement, rites of passage, religious beliefs, to display group membership or affiliation, in remembrance of lived experience, traditional symbolism such as axis mundi and mythology, to create body art, for shock value, and as self-expression, among other reasons.
Kamoiwakura Site
The Kamoiwakura Site (加茂岩倉遺跡, Kamoiwakura iseki) is an archaeological site located in the Kamo neighborhood of the city of Unnan, Shimane Prefecture, in the San'in Region of Japan. It was designated a National Historic Site in 2019.

Unnan
Unnan (雲南市, Unnan-shi) is a city located in  Shimane Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 July 2023, the city had an estimated population of 35,279 in 13575 households and a population density of 64 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 553.18 square kilometres (213.58 sq mi).
Maybe (Rocko song)
"Maybe" is a song by American rapper Rocko. It was released on March 3, 2010 on Rocko's Rocky Road imprint through Def Jam Recordings, as the lead single from the mixtape Wild Life.
In the United States, "Maybe" peaked at number 15 on Billboard's Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, and number 52 on the Billboard Hot 100.

Rocko (rapper)
Rodney Ramone Hill Jr. (born December 28, 1979), better known by his stage name Rocko, is an American rapper and record executive from Atlanta, Georgia. He is credited with having discovered fellow Atlanta-based rapper Future, who signed with Hill's record label, A1 Recordings, in 2010. Hill served as executive producer for Future's first six studio albums until his 2017 departure.

Prior, Hill signed a joint venture with Jermaine Dupri's So So Def Recordings and Island Records to release his debut studio album, Self Made (2008). Despite negative critical reception, the album peaked at number 21 on the US Billboard 200 and was supported by the single "Umma Do Me", which peaked at number 66 on the US Billboard Hot 100. His 2013 single, "U.O.E.N.O." (featuring Future and Rick Ross), peaked at number 20 on the chart.
Land (suffix)
The suffix -land, which can be found in the names of several countries or country subdivisions, indicates a toponymy - a land. The word derived from the Old English land, meaning "ground, soil", and "definite portion of the earth's surface, home region of a person or a people, territory marked by political boundaries". It evolved from the Proto-Germanic *landą and from the Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ- "land, open land, heath".

Below is the list of places that ends with "-land" or "Lands".

Southwest Finland
Southwest Finland (Finnish: Varsinais-Suomi, IPA: [ˈʋɑrs̠inɑi̯s̠ˌs̠uo̞̯mi]; Swedish: Egentliga Finland) is a region (Finnish: maakunta, Swedish: landskap) of Finland. It borders the regions of Satakunta, Pirkanmaa, Kanta-Häme, Uusimaa, and Åland. The regional capital and most populous city is Turku, which was the capital city of Finland before Helsinki.

The region largely corresponds to the historical province of Finland Proper. Until 2019, its official English name was Finland Proper, a designation still used in Finnish (Varsinais-Suomi) and Swedish (Egentliga Finland).
The Bachelorette (American TV series) season 7
The seventh season of The Bachelorette, an ABC reality television series, premiered on May 23, 2011. This season featured 27-year-old Ashley Hebert, a dentist and a dance instructor from Madawaska, Maine. Hebert finished in third place on season 15 of The Bachelor featuring Brad Womack.

The season concluded on August 1, 2011, with Hebert accepting a proposal from 34-year-old construction manager J.P. Rosenbaum. The couple married on December 1, 2012, and have two children. In October 2020, Hebert and Rosenbaum announced their separation and subsequently divorced the following year, making them the first divorce in the Bachelor franchise.

Wipeout (2008 game show)
Wipeout is an American television game show that features contestants competing in (what was billed as) the "World's Largest" obstacle course which originally aired on ABC from June 24, 2008, to September 7, 2014. In 2021, the show was rebooted on TBS, with John Cena, Nicole Byer, and Camille Kostek as hosts.

The show was originally hosted and commentated by John Henson and John Anderson, while Jill Wagner acted as the "on-location" reporter. The interim reporter for one season was Vanessa Lachey. The creators and executive producers are Matt Kunitz and Scott Larsen. Distribution of the show was handled by Endemol Shine. The show was taped at Sable Ranch in Canyon Country, California, north of Los Angeles.
Armando Cabañas
Armando "Chino" Cabañas (1878 - November 21, 1959) was a Cuban professional baseball second baseman and outfielder in the Cuban League and, briefly, in the Negro leagues. He played from 1899 to 1916 with several ballclubs, including San Francisco, Almendares, Club Fé, Habana, Azul, and the Cuban Stars (West). He was elected to the Cuban Baseball Hall of Fame in 1959.

Habana (Cuban League)
The Habana B.B.C. also known as the Habana Reds or, later, the Leones del Habana  was one of the oldest and most distinguished baseball teams in the old Cuban League, which existed from 1878 to 1961.  Habana, representing the city of Havana, was the only team to play in the league every season of its existence and was one of its most successful franchises.  In their early history they were known by their colors as the Reds; later they adopted the names of Leones or Lions.  Throughout their existence they had a famous rivalry with Almendares.

Habana won 30 Cuban League championships (more than any other club) and one Caribbean Series (in 1952).
Llenlleney'ten
The Llenlleney'ten, sometimes also known as the High Bar First Nation, are a First Nations people in the Chilcotin District-Fraser Canyon region of the Canadian province of British Columbia. They are a subgroup of the Secwepemc people and reside on a remote stretch of the Fraser River about 50 kilometres north of Lillooet at a location known as High Bar, and also at adjacent Low Bar. Together with the Esketemc of the Alkali Lake Indian Band they are sometimes called the Canyon Shuswap, and historically have close ties to their Tsilhqot'in neighbours.  The Llenlleney'ten are mostly Secwepemc ethnically, but have close family ties and shared cultural traditions with the Tsilhqot'in.

Their band government is called the High Bar First Nation.

Fraser Canyon
The Fraser Canyon is a major landform of the Fraser River where it descends rapidly through narrow rock gorges in the Coast Mountains en route from the Interior Plateau of British Columbia to the Fraser Valley.  Colloquially, the term "Fraser Canyon" is often used to include the Thompson Canyon from Lytton to Ashcroft, since they form the same highway route which most people are familiar with, although it is actually reckoned to begin above Williams Lake at Soda Creek Canyon near the town of the same name.
Abaris Books
Abaris Books is a scholarly publishing house based in Norwalk, Connecticut, which produces authoritative art reference books.  Abaris is renowned for its definitive collections of titles in art history and other subjects, and for its cataloguing of renowned artists such as Albrecht Dürer, Rembrandt van Rijn, Marcantonio Raimondi, Jean Duvet, Wenceslaus Hollar, Antonio Tempesta, The Carraccis, and Caravaggio.  The pictorial encyclopaedia of old master prints, The Illustrated Bartsch, is pre-eminent in their collection.  Founded by Walter L. Strauss, Abaris is named for Abaris the Hyperborean.

Abaris the Hyperborean
In Greek mythology, Abaris the Hyperborean (Ancient Greek: Ἄβαρις Ὑπερβόρειος, Ábaris Hyperbóreios), son of Seuthes (Σεύθης), was a legendary sage, healer, and priest of Apollo known to the Ancient Greeks. He was supposed to have learned his skills in his homeland of Hyperborea, which he fled during a plague. He was said to be endowed with the gift of prophecy, and along with his Scythian dress, simplicity, and honesty, he created great sensation in Greece, and was held in high esteem.
Lenore Fahrig
Lenore Fahrig is a Canadian ecologist. She is a Chancellor's Professor in the biology department at Carleton University, Canada and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada. Fahrig studies effects of landscape structure—the arrangement of forests, wetlands, roads, cities, and farmland—on wildlife populations and biodiversity, and is best known for her work on habitat fragmentation. 	
In 2023, she was elected to the National Academy of Sciences.

Landscape connectivity
In landscape ecology, landscape connectivity is, broadly, "the degree to which the landscape facilitates or impedes movement among resource patches". Alternatively, connectivity may be a continuous property of the landscape and independent of patches and paths. Connectivity includes both structural connectivity (the physical arrangements of disturbance and/or patches) and functional connectivity (the movement of individuals across contours of disturbance and/or among patches). Functional connectivity includes actual connectivity (requires observations of individual movements) and potential connectivity in which movement paths are estimated using the life-history data.

A similar but different concept proposed by Jacques Baudry, landscape connectedness, refers to structural links between elements of spatial structures of a landscape, which concerns the topology of landscape features and not ecological processes.
Communists of Catalonia
Communists of Catalonia (Catalan: Comunistes de Catalunya) is a communist party in Catalonia founded in 2014.

Communists of Catalonia was founded on November 1, 2014, through the merger of the Party of the Communists of Catalonia (PCC) and independent communist sympathizers. Joan Josep Nuet was elected as Secretary General of the new organization. Like the founding parties, the new party participates in the coalition Esquerra Unida i Alternativa.

United and Alternative Left
United and Alternative Left (Catalan: Esquerra Unida i Alternativa, EUiA) is a political party in Catalonia, Spain. EUiA has 4000 members, and until 2019 was the Catalan correspondent of the Spain-wide United Left (IU).

It was formed in 1998 as a schism from Initiative for Catalonia Greens (ICV). It comprises an alliance of Party of the Communists of Catalonia, Living Unified Socialist Party of Catalonia, POR, PRT-IR, PASOC, CEA, and CLI. After competing in a series of elections with their former colleagues at Iniciativa, the two parties agreed to run together as an electoral coalition. In 2015, the party joined the electoral coalition En Comú Podem. In 2017, it was one of the founding parties of Catalunya en Comú, being expelled from the organization two years later as it was no longer the Catalan correspondent of United Left. Since 2023 it has participated in the Republican Left of Catalonia lists at the local level.
Paradise trilogy
Paradise (German: Paradies) is the collective name of three films directed by Ulrich Seidl: Paradise: Love (2012), Paradise: Faith (2012) and Paradise: Hope (2013). They focus on three women from one family; one of them travels to Kenya as a sex tourist, one has to spend time at a weight loss camp, and one tries to propagate Catholicism. The project is an Austrian majority production with co-producers in Germany and France. It was conceived as one feature film, but after a long gestation became three entries forming a trilogy. The first installment, Paradise: Love, competed for the Palme d'Or at the 2012 Cannes Film Festival. Seidl originally planned to premiere all three films at the same event, but after the Cannes selection decided to roll out parts two and three, Paradise: Faith and Paradise: Hope, at other major film festivals. The individual films are named after the three theological virtues, and focus on how the protagonists conceive their view of paradise.

Theological virtues
Theological virtues are virtues associated in Christian theology and philosophy with salvation resulting from the grace of God. Virtues are traits or qualities which dispose one to conduct oneself in a morally good manner. Traditionally the theological virtues have been named faith, hope, and charity (love). They are coupled with the four natural or cardinal virtues, and opposed to the seven deadly sins.

The medieval Catholic philosopher Thomas Aquinas explained that these virtues are called theological virtues "first, because their object is God, inasmuch as they direct us aright to God: secondly, because they are infused in us by God alone: thirdly, because these virtues are not made known to us, save by Divine revelation, contained in Holy Writ".