hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Carbon paper
Carbon paper (originally carbonic paper) consists of sheets of paper that create one or more copies simultaneously with the creation of an original document when inscribed by a typewriter or ballpoint pen. The email term cc, which stands for "carbon copy", is derived from this use of carbon paper.

Ballpoint pen
A ballpoint pen, also known as a biro (British English), ball pen (Bangladeshi, Hong Kong, Indian, Indonesian, Pakistani, Japanese and Philippine English), or dot pen (Nepali English and South Asian English), is a pen that dispenses ink (usually in paste form) over a hard ball at its point, i.e., over a "ball point". The materials commonly used are steel, brass, or tungsten carbide. The design was conceived and developed as a cleaner and more reliable alternative to dip pens and fountain pens, and it is now the world's most-used writing instrument; millions are manufactured and sold daily. It has influenced art and graphic design and spawned an artwork genre.
Edna Wallace Hopper
Edna Wallace Hopper (January 17, 1872 – December 14, 1959) was an American actress and singer. On the stage she achieved initial success as a soubrette in light operas. She later starred in Broadway musicals and transitioned into work in silent films. She was known as the "eternal flapper".

Comic opera
Comic opera, sometimes known as light opera, is a sung dramatic work of a light or comic nature, usually with a happy ending and often including spoken dialogue.

Forms of comic opera first developed in late 17th-century Italy. By the 1730s, a new operatic genre, opera buffa, emerged as an alternative to opera seria. It quickly made its way to France, where it became opéra comique, and eventually, in the following century, French operetta, with Jacques Offenbach as its most accomplished practitioner.

The influence of Italian and French forms spread to other parts of Europe. Many countries developed their own genres of comic opera, incorporating the Italian and French models along with their own musical traditions. Examples include German singspiel, Viennese operetta, Spanish zarzuela, Russian comic opera, English ballad and Savoy opera, North American operetta and musical comedy.
HMS St Andrew (1670)
HMS St Andrew was a 96-gun first-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, built by Christopher Pett at Woolwich Dockyard under the supervision of Christopher Pett until his death in March 1668, completed by Jonas Shish, and launched in 1670. Commanded by George Churchill, she took part in the 1692 victory over the French navy at Barfleur & La Hogue.

In 1703, she was renamed HMS Royal Anne, and rebuilt at Woolwich as a first rate of 100 guns. In 1707, she served as flagship of Vice-Admiral of the Blue Sir George Byng and belonged to Admiral Sir Cloudesley Shovell's fleet. She saw action during the unsuccessful Battle of Toulon and was present during the great naval disaster off the Isles of Scilly when Shovell and four of his ships (Association, Firebrand, Romney and Eagle) were lost, claiming the lives of nearly 2,000 sailors. Royal Anne suffered little to no damage and finally managed to reach Portsmouth.

The Royal Anne was broken up in 1727.

Vice-Admiral of the Blue
Vice-Admiral of the Blue was a senior rank of the Royal Navy of the United Kingdom, immediately outranked by the rank Vice-Admiral of the White (see order of precedence below). Royal Navy officers currently holding the ranks of commodore, rear admiral, vice admiral and admiral of the fleet are sometimes considered generically to be admirals. From 1688 to 1805 this rank was in order of precedence sixth; after 1805 it was the seventh. In 1864 it was abolished as a promotional rank. The command flag for a Vice-Admiral of the Blue is pictured opposite.
Romualdas Požerskis
Romualdas Požerskis (born 7 July 1951, in Vilnius) is a Lithuanian photographer and a 1990 recipient of the Lithuanian National Prize. He attended Kaunas Kaunas Polytechnic Institute from 1969 to 1975 and has been a member of the Lithuanian Union of Art Photographers since 1976.

Požerskis' work has been featured at solo and group exhibitions in Poznań, Poland, at the House of Photography in Plovdiv, Bulgaria, and at the Mala Galerija in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia in 1981, as well as in Tokyo, Berlin, Estonia, Munich, and other international venues. Many of his solo exhibitions have been featured at galleries in Vilnius.

His major works include Victories and Defeats (1974–1976); At a Hospital (1976–1982); Old Towns of Lithuania (1974–1982); Village Festivals (1974–1993); Gardens of Memory (1977–1993); The Last Shelter (1983–1990); Muses (1988–2001); Mirage's Dossier (2002– 2003); and The Little Alfonsas' Miseries and Joys (1992–2003).

Plovdiv
Plovdiv (Bulgarian: Пловдив, pronounced [ˈpɫɔvdif]) is the second-largest city in Bulgaria and the most populous city in the Bulgarian part of the historic region of Thrace, located 144 km (93 miles) southeast of the capital Sofia. It had a population of 329,489 as of 2024 and 540,000 in its greater metropolitan area. An important economic, transport, cultural, and educational hub of Bulgaria, Plovdiv was the European Capital of Culture in 1999 and 2019, and joined the UNESCO Global Network of Learning Cities in 2016.
Barton Mills
Barton Mills is a village and civil parish in the West Suffolk district of Suffolk, England. The village is on the south bank of the River Lark. According to Eilert Ekwall the meaning of the village name is 'corn farm by the mill'.

West Suffolk District
West Suffolk District is a local government district in Suffolk, England. It was established in 2019 as a merger of the previous Forest Heath District with the Borough of St Edmundsbury. The council is based in Bury St Edmunds, the district's largest town. The district also contains the towns of Brandon, Clare, Haverhill, Mildenhall and Newmarket, along with numerous villages and surrounding rural areas. In 2021 it had a population of 180,820.

The neighbouring districts are Mid Suffolk, Babergh, Braintree, South Cambridgeshire, East Cambridgeshire, King's Lynn and West Norfolk and Breckland.
Kitō (surname)
Kitō, Kito, Kitou or Kitoh (written: 鬼頭, 紀藤 or 木藤) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Akari Kitō (鬼頭 明里, born 1994), Japanese voice actress

Aya Kitō (木藤 亜也, 1962–1988), Japanese diarist

En Kitō (鬼頭 えん), Japanese manga artist

Masaki Kito (紀藤 正樹, born 1960), Japanese lawyer

Mohiro Kitoh (鬼頭 莫宏, born 1966), Japanese manga artist

Masaki Kito
Masaki Kito (紀藤 正樹, Kitō Masaki, b. November 21, 1960) is a Japanese attorney at law who specializes in consumer affairs, investment frauds and cases involving religious cults, especially Aleph (formerly known as Aum Shinrikyo) and the Unification Church. He regularly appears as a commentator on Japanese TV news and current affairs programs.
2012 Rugby Championship
The 2012 Rugby Championship was the inaugural annual rugby union series between the national rugby union teams of New Zealand, Australia, South Africa, and Argentina. For sponsorship reasons, the competition was known as The Castle Rugby Championship in South Africa, The Investec Rugby Championship in New Zealand, The Castrol Edge Rugby Championship in Australia and The Personal Rugby Championship in Argentina.

The 2012 Rugby Championship kicked off on 18 August with New Zealand defeating Australia and finished on 6 October. Each team played the other twice on a home and away basis. The inaugural Championship was won by New Zealand, which was their 11th Southern Hemisphere title including the Tri Nations.

French Rugby Federation
The French Rugby Federation (French: Fédération Française de Rugby, pronounced [fedeʁɑsjɔ̃ fʁɑ̃sɛːz də ʁyɡbi]; FFR) is the governing body for rugby union in France. It is responsible for the French national team and the Ligue nationale de rugby that administers the country's professional leagues.
Terry Rawlings
Terence Rawlings (4 November 1933 – 23 April 2019) was an English film and sound editor. With over 70 feature film credits between 1962 and 2004, he was most noted for his work with directors such as Ridley Scott, Ken Russell, and Martin Campbell.

Rawlings was nominated on six occasions for the BAFTA Award for Best Editing, as well as Academy Award nomination for his work on Chariots of Fire (1981). The Motion Picture Editors Guild described him as “the ‘phantom’ hand behind great movies.”

Motion Picture Editors Guild
34°05′54″N 118°21′29″W﻿ / ﻿34.098266°N 118.357976°W﻿ / 34.098266; -118.357976
The Motion Picture Editors Guild (MPEG; IATSE Local 700) is the guild that represents freelance and staff motion picture and television editors and other post-production professionals and story analysts throughout the United States. The Motion Picture Editors Guild (Union Local 700) is a part of the 500 affiliated local unions of the International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employees (IATSE), a national labor organization with 104,000-plus members. There are more than 8,000 members of the Editors Guild.
Heavyweight (MMA)
The heavyweight division in mixed martial arts (MMA) generally includes fighters between 206–265 lb (93.4–120.2 kg).

Although many ambiguities exist within the lowerweight classes regarding division naming and weight limits, the heavyweight division is, for the most part, uniform.  The Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) and most other North American MMA organizations such as Bellator MMA, WSOF, and King of the Cage (KOTC) abide by this interpretation to their 206–265 lb athletes as heavyweights. ONE Championship's heavyweight division is at 226–265 lb. Pancrase's overweight division was 198.4–220.5 lb (90.0–100.0 kg) before being revised to its current 205–264.5 lb (93.0–120.0 kg).

The heavyweight upper weight limit, as defined by the Nevada State Athletic Commission and the Association of Boxing Commissions is 265 lb (120 kg).

ONE Championship
ONE Championship, formerly ONE Fighting Championship (ONE FC) until January 2015, is a multinational combat sports promotion founded on 14 July 2011 by Chatri Sityodtong and Victor Cui. Originally focused on mixed martial arts (MMA), ONE events have since incorporated muay thai, kickboxing, and submission grappling bouts. The promotion held its first event on 3 September 2011 at the Singapore Indoor Stadium, and has since held over 200 events across Asia. In 2022, parent company One Group Holdings, changed its legal operations from Singapore to the Cayman Islands.
Marian Grzybowski
Marian Grzybowski (15 June 1895 in Chardzhou – 11 December 1949) was a Polish dermatologist. He authored more than 80 scientific publications. He first described a variant of keratoacanthoma, called today generalized eruptive keratoacanthoma of Grzybowski.

Türkmenabat
Türkmenabat (Turkmen pronunciation: [tʏɾkˌmønɑˈbɑːt]) is the second-largest city in Turkmenistan and the administrative centre of Lebap Province. As of 2022, it had a population of approximately 231,000 people (up from 161,000 in the 1989 census). From 1924 to 1927, it was given the name Leninsk in honour of Vladimir Lenin.
Russ Carrick
Caleb Russell Carrick (August 6, 1889 – September 13, 1955) was an American football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at the University of Buffalo from 1924 to 1928, compiling a record of 5–31–2.

A native of Buffalo, New York, Carrick attended Buffalo's Lafayette High School. He played college football as an end at Colgate University. After graduarting from Colgate in 1914, Carrick coached football at Lafayette High School. He later worked as an insurance officer in Buffalo and New York City. Carrick died on September 13, 1955, at Buffalo General Hospital in Buffalo.

Lafayette High School (Buffalo, New York)
Lafayette High School was a public high school in Buffalo, New York. It was the oldest public school in Buffalo that remained in its original building, a stone, brick and terra-cotta structure in the French Renaissance Revival style by architects August Esenwein and James A. Johnson.  Although classes began off-site during construction of the school, the building was completed and graduated its first class in 1903. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. It is located in Buffalo's Upper West Side at 370 Lafayette Avenue.

The name 'Lafayette High School' was phased out beginning in 2015, graduating its final class in 2018, and was replaced by the name Lafayette International High School and Newcomers Academy. Classes continue to be held in the historic building.
Lolita Syndrome
Lolita Syndrome (ロリータ・シンドローム) (Japanese: ロリータ・シンドローム, Hepburn: Rorīta Shindorōmu) is a Japanese adult computer game created by Katsumi Mochizuki and distributed by Enix. It was the winner of Enix's second bi-annual Game Hobby Program Contest. The game was released for the FM-7 and PC-8801 platforms on 31 October 1983.

FM-7
The FM-7 ("Fujitsu Micro 7") is a home computer created by Fujitsu. It was first released in 1982 and was sold in Japan and Spain. It is a stripped-down version of Fujitsu's earlier FM-8 computer, and during development it was referred to as the "FM-8 Jr.".

Although it removed some features from the FM-8 such as the bubble memory technology, the FM-7 was given a more advanced AY-3-8910 sound chip, leading to a strong uptake among the hobbyist computer market in Japan and making it a more popular system than the FM-8.

The FM-7 primarily competed with the NEC PC-8801 and Sharp X1 series of computers in the early 1980s. It was succeeded by the FM-77 series of computers in 1984, which featured backwards compatibility with the FM-7. The FM-77 series was later succeeded by the 32-bit FM Towns in 1989.

The FM-7 is based around the 6809 chip, which was also used in home computers such as the TRS-80 Color Computer and Dragon 32/64, as well as several arcade games.
Federal Union Army
The Federal Union Army (Burmese: ဖက်ဒရယ် ပြည်ထောင်စု တပ်မတော်) is a military coalition in Myanmar (Burma) composed of fighters from various insurgent groups which are members of the United Nationalities Federal Council (UNFC). It was established by the UNFC to protect areas with ethnic minorities.

Coalition
A coalition is formed when two or more people or groups temporarily work together to achieve a common goal. The term is most frequently used to denote a formation of power in political, military, or economic spaces.
Wolfe Mays
Wolfe Mays (1912 – 21 January 2005) was a British philosopher. He was the founder of British Society for Phenomenology and the editor of its journal.
Mays is known for his efforts for introducing phenomenology in England. He taught at the University of Manchester from 1946 until his retirement in 1979. His students included Kevin Mulligan, Peter Simons, and Barry Smith.

He studied at Cambridge, where he attended the lectures of Ludwig Wittgenstein.

Victoria University of Manchester
The Victoria University of Manchester, usually referred to as simply the University of Manchester, was a university in Manchester, England. It was founded in 1851 as Owens College. In 1880, the college joined the federal Victoria University. After the break-up of the Victoria University, it gained an independent university charter in 1904 as the Victoria University of Manchester.

On 1 October 2004, the Victoria University of Manchester merged with the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology (UMIST) to form a new, larger entity named the University of Manchester.
William Beal (cricketer)
William Matthew Beal (17 March 1877 – 3 August 1964) was a New Zealand cricketer who played for Otago. He was born in Launceston, Tasmania, Australia in 1877.

Beal made a single first-class appearance for the side in the 1909–10 Plunket Shield against Auckland. He scored a single run in the match.

Beal later stood as umpire in five first-class matches, including the second international match in 1927–28 between the touring Australian team and New Zealand at Carisbrook in Dunedin. His brother, Carl, played first-class cricket for Otago and Canterbury.

Beal died at Dunedin in 1964 aged 87.

Australian cricket team in New Zealand in 1927–28
The Australia national cricket team toured New Zealand from February to April 1928 and played six first-class matches including two against the New Zealand national cricket team. This was before New Zealand began playing Test cricket.
Longueuil—Charles-LeMoyne
Longueuil—Charles-LeMoyne (French pronunciation: [lɔ̃ɡœj ʃaʁl ləmwan]) is a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, that has been represented in the House of Commons of Canada since 2015. It encompasses a portion of Quebec formerly included in the electoral districts of Saint-Bruno—Saint-Hubert and Saint-Lambert.

Longueuil—Charles-LeMoyne was created by the 2012 federal electoral boundaries redistribution and was legally defined in the 2013 representation order. It came into effect upon the call of the 2015 Canadian federal election. The riding was originally intended to be named LeMoyne.

2012 Canadian federal electoral redistribution
The federal electoral redistribution of 2012 was a redistribution of electoral districts ("ridings") in Canada following the results of the 2011 Canadian census. As a result of amendments to the Constitution Act, 1867, the number of seats in the House of Commons of Canada increased from 308 to 338. The previous electoral redistribution was in 2003.

The redistribution was implemented by proclamation under the Electoral Boundaries Readjustment Act on October 5, 2013, and came into effect upon the dissolution of the 41st Canadian Parliament on August 2, 2015. The resulting electoral districts and boundaries were used in the 2015, 2019, and 2021 federal elections.

Federal electoral districts were redistributed in 2022, which came into effect upon the dissolution of the 44th Canadian Parliament on April 23, 2025.
Hilde Heynen
Hilde Heynen (born 26 May 1959 in Deurne) is professor of architectural theory at the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven. She researches modernism, modernity, and gender in architecture. Heynen is the author of several books and publishes regularly in architectural journals such as the Harvard Design Magazine, The Journal of Architecture, and The Architectural Review of which she is a member of the editorial board. She is also a board member of the European Association of Architectural Education (EAAE) and the Society of Architectural Historians (SAH).

Heynen is a member of the Royal Flemish Academy of Belgium for Science and the Arts since 2009.

Deurne, Belgium
Deurne (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈdøːrnə] ⓘ) is the second largest district of the municipality of Antwerp, Belgium, (right after the Antwerp town district) and has 85,283 inhabitants (2025).

It was a separate municipality until 1983. On 1 January 1983, it was absorbed into the municipality of Greater Antwerp whereby Deurne became one of the 9 districts.

Deurne is best known for its green environment with the biggest park in Antwerp Rivierenhof.
Robert Ranulph Marett
Robert Ranulph Marett (13 June 1866 – 18 February 1943) was a British ethnologist and a proponent of the British Evolutionary School of cultural anthropology. Founded by Marett's older colleague, Edward Burnett Tylor, it asserted that modern primitive societies provide evidence for phases in the evolution of culture, which it attempted to recapture via comparative and historical methods. Marett focused primarily on the anthropology of religion. Studying the evolutionary origin of religions, he modified Tylor's animistic theory to include the concept of mana. Marett's anthropological teaching and writing career at Oxford University spanned the early 20th century before World War Two. He trained many notable anthropologists. He was a colleague of John Myres, and through him, studied Aegean archaeology.

Ethnology
Ethnology (from the Ancient Greek: ἔθνος, ethnos meaning 'nation') is an academic field and discipline that compares and analyzes the characteristics of different peoples and the relationships between them (compare cultural, social, or sociocultural anthropology).
Quarry Moor
Quarry Moor is a Site of Special Scientific Interest, or SSSI, at the south edge of Ripon, North Yorkshire, England, and adjacent to the A61 road. It contains an outcrop of Magnesian Limestone, exposed by former quarrying. 255 million years ago this limestone was the peripheral sediment of a tropical sea. The land was donated in 1945 to the people of Ripon by the town's mayor, Alderman Thomas Fowler Spence, a varnish manufacturer. The land was notified as an SSSI in 1986 because its calcareous grassland supported a large diversity of plant species. The site features a Schedule 8 protected plant, thistle broomrape. The land is protected as a nature reserve, and it is also managed as a recreational area. Therefore, its calcareous grass area is fenced off for protection and study, but it also contains a car park, information signs, a children's play area, accessible paths, benches, and dog waste bins.

A61 road
The A61 is a major trunk road in England connecting Derby and Thirsk in North Yorkshire by way of Alfreton, Clay Cross, Chesterfield, Sheffield, Barnsley, Wakefield, Leeds, Harrogate and Ripon. The road is closely paralleled by the M1 motorway between Derby and Leeds.
Llacuna station
Llacuna is a Barcelona Metro station in the Poblenou neighbourhood of Barcelona, in the Sant Martí district, located under Carrer de Pujades between Carrer Ciutat de Granada and Carrer de Roc Boronat. It's served by L4 (yellow line). The station was inaugurated in 1977 (1977).

Barcelona Metro line 4
Line 4, often known as "Línia Groga" (Yellow line), is a rapid transit line of the Barcelona Metro network, operated by TMB and part of the ATM fare-integrated transport network.

Originally opened in 1973, Line 4's route follows an incomplete loop pattern, linking the heart of Barcelona to the districts of Horta-Guinardó and Nou Barris on one side and the neighborhoods of la Barceloneta and Poblenou on the other. Works are currently in progress to extend the line to the future Sagrera railway station and to La Sagrera rapid transit hub.
Octomedusa
Octomedusa is a genus of extinct scyphozoan jellyfish known from the Late Carboniferous sediments of the Mazon Creek fossil beds. It contains a single species, O. pieckorum. It was first described by Gordon Johnson and Eugene S. Richardson, Jr. in 1968, where its holotype (FMNH no. PE 11410) and paratype (FMNHno.PE 11377) being unearthed by Mr. and Mrs. Ted Piecko. Fossils of the jellyfish occur and other organisms occur in iron-stone concentrations. Octomedusa was described by Foster (1979) as representing a primitive coronate, however these affinities have been challenged and Octomedusa has had many more affinities after. O. pieckorum is the type species of the genus Octomedusa

Moscovian age
The Moscovian is in the ICS geologic timescale a stage or age in the Pennsylvanian, the youngest subsystem of the Carboniferous. The Moscovian age lasted from 315.2 to 307 Ma, is preceded by the Bashkirian and is followed by the Kasimovian. The Moscovian overlaps with the European regional Westphalian stage and the North American Atokan and Desmoinesian stages.