hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Maxayn Lewis
Maxayn Lewis is an American soul singer, musician, songwriter, and producer. She began her career in the 1960s, under her birth name Paulette Parker, as member of the Ikettes in the Ike & Tina Turner Revue. In the 1970s, Lewis sang lead in the band Maxayn with her then-husband Andre Lewis. She was described as "a cross between Aretha Franklin and Roberta Flack." The group eventually morphed to Mandré.

Lewis is also a prolific backing vocalist. She has sung with various acts, including The Gap Band, Donna Summer, Ray Charles, Celine Dion, Johnny "Guitar" Watson, Bonnie Raitt, Simple Minds, Duran Duran, Smokey Robinson, Ricky Martin, and Britney Spears.

Gino Vannelli
Gino Vannelli (born June 16, 1952) is a Canadian rock singer and songwriter who had several hit songs in the 1970s and 1980s. His best-known singles include "People Gotta Move" (1974), "I Just Wanna Stop" (1978), "Living Inside Myself" (1981) and "Wild Horses" (1987).
Ching-i Tu
Ching-I Tu (simplified Chinese: 涂经诒; traditional Chinese: 涂經詒; pinyin: Tú Jīng-yí; born 13 May 1935 in Nanking, China) is an expert on classical Chinese poetry, Chinese intellectual history, Chinese hermeneutics, and cultural changes in modern East Asia. He was a professor and founding chair of the Department of East Asian Languages and Cultures at Rutgers University and the founding director of the Confucius Institute of Rutgers University (CIRU). Tu has written and edited several books and authored a number of academic articles.

Chinese intellectualism
The current status of Chinese intellectuals reflects traditions established in the imperial period. For most of this period, government officials were selected from among the literati on the basis of the Confucian civil service examination system. Intellectuals were both participants in and critics of the government. As Confucian scholars, they were torn between their loyalty to the emperor and their obligation to "correct wrong thinking" when they perceived it.

Then, as now, most intellectual and government leaders subscribed to the premise that ideological change was a prerequisite for political change. Historically, Chinese intellectuals rarely formed groups to oppose the established government. Rather, individual intellectuals or groups of intellectuals allied themselves with cliques within the government to lend support to the policies of that clique.
Party of the People of Free Indonesia
Party of the People of Free Indonesia (Indonesian: Partai Rakyat Indonesia Merdeka, PRIM) was a political party in Indonesia. The party was based amongst the Sundanese population in West Java. In the 1955 parliamentary election, PRIM got 72,523 votes (0.2% of the national vote). One parliamentarian was elected from the party. After the election the party joined the Fraction of Upholders of the Proclamation, a heterogenous parliamentary group with ten MPs.

1955 Indonesian legislative election
Legislative elections were held in Indonesia on 29 September 1955 to elect the 257 members of the House of Representatives. The election was the first national election held since the end of the Indonesian National Revolution, and saw over 37 million valid votes cast in over 93 thousand polling locations. The result of the election was inconclusive, as no party was given a clear mandate. The legislature which was elected through the election would eventually be dissolved by President Sukarno in 1959, through Presidential Decree number 150.
Portrait of Philip the Good (van der Weyden)
Portrait of Philip the Good is a lost oil on wood panel painting by the Early Netherlandish painter Rogier van der Weyden, dated variously from the mid 1440s to sometime after 1450.

Several versions and copies exist, including in Lille, Antwerp, London and Paris, mostly attributed to his workshop. The highest quality version is in the Musée des Beaux-Arts, Dijon. The original may have been commissioned as half of a matrimonial diptych; given his age in the painting we can assume that it would have been alongside a portrait of his third wife, Isabella of Portugal. Van der Weyden has earlier portrayed Philip in the c 1447 miniature Jean Wauquelin presenting his 'Chroniques de Hainaut' to Philip the Good.

Isabella of Portugal, Duchess of Burgundy
Isabella of Portugal (Portuguese: Isabel de Portugal; 21 February 1397 – 17 December 1471) was Duchess of Burgundy from 1430 to 1467 as the third wife of Duke Philip the Good. Their son was Charles the Bold, the last Valois Duke of Burgundy.

Born a Portuguese infanta of the House of Aviz, Isabella was the only surviving daughter of King John I of Portugal and his wife Philippa of Lancaster. She served as the regent of the Burgundian Low Countries during the absence of her spouse in 1432 and in 1441–1443.  Isabella served as her husband's representative in negotiations with England regarding trade relations in 1439 and those with the rebellious cities of Holland in 1444.
EdAid
EdAid is a funding platform for higher education, based in the United Kingdom, with offices in Dubai, London, New YorK, Sydney and Toronto. EdAid partnered with university and professional schools to defer tuition payment, interest-free.

Financial Conduct Authority
The Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) is a financial regulatory body in the United Kingdom. It operates independently of the UK Government and is financed by charging fees to members of the financial services industry. The FCA regulates financial firms providing services to consumers, and maintains the integrity of the financial markets in the United Kingdom.

It focuses on the regulation of conduct by both retail and wholesale financial services firms. Like its predecessor the FSA, the FCA is structured as a company limited by guarantee.: 140

The FCA works alongside the Prudential Regulation Authority and the Financial Policy Committee to set regulatory requirements for the financial sector. The FCA is responsible for the conduct of around 58,000 businesses which employ 2.2 million people and contribute around £65.6 billion in annual tax revenue to the economy in the United Kingdom.
Mynydd Meio
Mynydd Meio is a 322-metre-high hill in the county borough of Caerphilly in South Wales. Parts of its western slopes fall within Rhondda Cynon Taf county borough. Its eastern slopes drop away to Cwm yr Aber between Caerphilly and Abertridwr and its western slopes to the valley of the Taf. The high point is just over 200 m north of the trig point which sits at 322 metres (1,056 ft) above sea-level.

The hill is crossed by the Senghenydd Dyke, an ancient earthwork considered to date from the 13th century and associated with nearby Caerphilly Castle.

Hill
A hill is a landform that extends above the surrounding terrain. It often has a distinct summit, and is usually applied to peaks which are above elevation compared to the relative landmass, though not as prominent as mountains. Hills fall under the category of slope landforms.
Sudan at the World Athletics Championships
Sudan has competed in every World Athletics Championships editions since 1983. While being present in every championship contested, it has only been on the podium once, with a silver medal by Abubaker Kaki in the 800 meters at 2011 World Championships in Athletics. The best finish by a sudan female athlete was achieved by cuban-born jumper Yamilé Aldama in 2005 with a 4th place.

2005 World Championships in Athletics
The 10th World Championships in Athletics (Finnish: Yleisurheilun maailmanmestaruuskilpailut 2005, Swedish: Världsmästerskapen i friidrott 2005), under the auspices of the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF), were held in the Olympic Stadium, Helsinki, Finland (6 August 2005 – 14 August 2005), the site of the first IAAF World Championships in 1983. One theme of the 2005 championships was paralympic events, some of which were included as exhibition events. Much of the event was played in extremely heavy rainfall.
Dulla Bhatti (2016 film)
Dulla Bhatti is a 2016 Indian Punjabi-language film directed by Minar Malhotra and starring Binnu Dhillon, Aman Hundal, Sardar Sohi, B.N. Sharma, Amar Noorie, Dev Kharoud, Nirmal Rishi, and Malkit Rauni. The casting of the movie is by Kamz Kreationz and Shaifali Srivastav. The movie was inspired by the story of Dulla Bhatti.

Nirmal Rishi
Nirmal Rishi (born 1943) is an Indian Punjabi film and television actress. She is most remembered for her role as Gulabo Maasi in her first movie Long Da Lishkara (1983). She is best known for appearing in Punjabi movies like Nikka Zaildar, Nikka Zaildar 2 and The Great Sardar. In 2024, she was awarded the prestigious Padma Shri award by the Government of India.
Mugeni
Mugeni (Hungarian: Bögöz [ˈbøɡøz]) is a commune in Harghita County, Romania. It lies in the Székely Land, an ethno-cultural region in eastern Transylvania.

The commune is located in the southwestern part of the county, 9 km (5.6 mi) from Odorheiu Secuiesc and 57 km (35 mi) from the county seat, Miercurea Ciuc.

Harghita County
Harghita County (Romanian: Județul Harghita, Romanian pronunciation: [harˈɡita] ⓘ and Hungarian: Hargita megye, pronounced [ˈhɒrɡitɒ]) is a county (județ) in the center of Romania, in eastern Transylvania, with the county seat at Miercurea Ciuc.
Abraham van den Kerckhoven
Abraham van den Kerckhoven (c. 1618 – c. 1701) was a Flemish organist and composer. He was active in Brussels, working as organist at the local Saint Catherine's Church and as court organist. He was held in high regard by his contemporaries. A single collection of his works survives, containing numerous short versets and several longer works for organ, displaying his mastery of counterpoint and revealing the influence of various other composers, particularly Peeter Cornet.

Organist
An organist is a musician who plays any type of organ. An organist may play solo organ works, play with an ensemble or orchestra, or accompany one or more singers or instrumental soloists. In addition, an organist may accompany congregational hymn-singing and play liturgical music.
John Fleming (Southampton MP)
John Fleming (1743 – 28 February 1802) was a British Tory politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1774 and 1790.

He was elected at the 1774 general election as a Member of Parliament (MP) for Southampton. At the 1780 general election he was defeated by his fellow-Tory Hans Sloane, who won the seat with 249 votes to Fleming's 237.  Fleming was re-elected unopposed in 1784, and held the seat until the 1790 general election which he did not contest.

1790 British general election
The 1790 British general election returned members to serve in the House of Commons of the 17th Parliament of Great Britain to be summoned after the merger of the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland in 1707.
Breach (cancelled video game)
Breach was an action role-playing game developed by American studio QC Games, a former studio of ex-BioWare and EA Games developers. The game was released on Steam Early Access on January 17, 2018, but its development was cancelled entirely on April 3, 2019, along with the closure of the studio itself. The game received mixed reviews from critics.

BioWare
BioWare is a Canadian video game developer based in Edmonton, Alberta. It was founded in 1995 by newly graduated medical doctors Ray Muzyka, Greg Zeschuk and Augustine Yip. Since 2007, the company has been owned by American publisher Electronic Arts.

BioWare specializes in role-playing video games, and achieved recognition for developing highly praised and successful licensed franchises: Baldur's Gate, Neverwinter Nights, and Star Wars: Knights of the Old Republic. They proceeded to make several other successful games based on original intellectual property: Jade Empire, the Mass Effect series, and the Dragon Age series. In 2011, BioWare launched their first massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG), Star Wars: The Old Republic.
Flight out of Time
Flight out of Time: A Dada Diary (German: Die Flucht aus der Zeit) is a 1927 book by the German writer Hugo Ball. It is an edited version of Ball's diaries from the years 1913 to 1921, which includes his time in the Dada movement at Cabaret Voltaire in Zurich, as well as his quick rejection of Dada and modern literature in general. The book consists of personal notes and excerpts from mystical and anarchist literature.

The original diaries are lost so it is unknown to what extent Ball changed their content, but the changes were made to emphasise a trajectory away from Dadaism and anarchism and toward Ball's later interest in Catholic theology. Ball's wife Emmy Hennings described the book in a letter as a "very edited diary" and "by no means directly copied" from the original texts. The title Flight out of Time is a reference to monastic life. The book was published a few months before Ball's death at the age of 41.

Monasticism
Monasticism (from Ancient Greek  μοναχός (monakhós) 'solitary, monastic'; from  μόνος (mónos) 'alone'), also called monachism or monkhood, is a religious way of life in which one renounces worldly pursuits to devote oneself fully to spiritual activities. Monastic life plays an important role in many Christian churches, especially in the Catholic, Orthodox and Anglican traditions as well as in other faiths such as Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism. In other religions, monasticism is generally criticized and not practiced, as in Islam and Zoroastrianism; or plays a marginal role, as in modern Judaism.

Many monastics live in abbeys, convents, monasteries, or priories to separate themselves from the secular world, unless they are in mendicant or missionary orders.
Zaranou
Zaranou is a town in eastern Ivory Coast. It is a sub-prefecture of Abengourou Department in Indénié-Djuablin Region, Comoé District.

Zaranou was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1,126 communes nationwide that were abolished.
In 2014, the population of the sub-prefecture of Zaranou was 33,539.

Comoé District
Comoé District (French: District du Comoé; pronounced [ko.mo.e], named for the Komoé River) is one of fourteen administrative districts of Ivory Coast. The district is located in the southeast corner of the country, bordering Ghana to the east, Zanzan District to the north, Lacs District and Lagunes District to the west, and the Atlantic Ocean to the south. The capital of the district is Abengourou.
2020 Puerto Rican municipal elections
The 2020 Puerto Rican municipal election was held on November 3, 2020, to elect the mayors of the 78 municipalities of Puerto Rico, concurrently with the election of the Governor, the Resident Commissioner, the Senate, and the House of Representatives. As candidates in the 2020 general elections, the winners were elected to serve a four-year term from January 3, 2020, to January 3, 2025.

While the Popular Democratic Party kept most of the municipalities, its majority went down from 45 to 41. A total of 26 municipalities flipped parties, including many party strongholds, like Aguadilla (32 years under PNP) and Humacao (20 years under PPD).

Mayors in Puerto Rico
The mayors of Puerto Rico encompass the different mayors of the municipalities of Puerto Rico; each mayor being the highest-ranking officer of their corresponding municipality. Several laws existed that created the post of mayor in each municipality but they were all repealed in favor of a broad and encompassing law known as the Autonomous Municipalities Act of 1991.

The mayors do not constitute a body, and are not required by law to do so, but they have voluntarily assembled into two organizations:

the Puerto Rico Mayors Association, which represents the mayors from the Popular Democratic Party and

the Puerto Rico Mayors Federation, which represents the mayors from the New Progressive Party. The President of the Puerto Rico Mayors Federation in 2021 was Gabriel Hernández-Rodríguez.

Each mayor is also the commander-in-chief of its corresponding municipal police.
Wimal Dissanayake
Wimal Dissanayake (born September 6, 1939) is a Sri Lankan creative writer, literary critic, and leading scholar in Asian cinema and Asian communication theory. He was a Senior Fellow and an Assistant Director of the Institute of Culture and Communication at the East-West Center in Honolulu, Hawaii. He was the Founding Editor of the East-West Film Journal.

Cinema of Asia
Asian cinema refers to the film industries and films produced in the continent of Asia.

East Asian cinema is typified by the cinema of Japan, China, Hong Kong, Taiwan and South Korea, including the Japanese anime industry and action films of Hong Kong. Southeast Asian cinema is typified by the cinema of the Philippines – one of the pioneers in Asian cinema, Thailand, Indonesia, and other Southeast Asian countries.

South Asian cinema is typified by the cinema of India, the cinema of Pakistan, the cinema of Bangladesh, and the cinema of Nepal.

The cinema of Central Asia also includes the cinema of Tajikistan. West Asian cinema is typified by Arab cinema, Iranian cinema, Israeli cinema (which may overlap with Jewish cinema), and Turkish cinema.
Bik-Karmaly
Bik-Karmaly (Russian: Бик-Кармалы; Bashkir: Бик-Ҡарамалы, Bik-Qaramalı) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative centre of Bik-Karmalinsky Selsoviet, Davlekanovsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 324 as of 2010. There are 2 streets.

Davlekanovsky District
Davlekanovsky District (Russian: Давлека́новский райо́н; Bashkir: Дәүләкән районы, Däwläkän rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the center of the republic and borders with Blagovarsky and Chishminsky Districts in the north, Karmaskalinsky District in the northeast, Aurgazinsky District in the east, Alsheyevsky District in the south, Belebeyevsky District in the west, and with Buzdyaksky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 1,907 square kilometers (736 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Davlekanovo (which is not administratively a part of the district). As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 18,392.
Roseworthy College
Roseworthy Agricultural College was an agricultural college in Australia. It was 50 km (31 mi) north of Adelaide and 7 km (4.3 mi) west of Roseworthy town. It was the first agricultural college in Australia, established in 1883. It is now part of the University of Adelaide.

Penfolds
Penfolds is an Australian wine producer that was founded in Adelaide in 1844 by Christopher Rawson Penfold, an English physician who emigrated to Australia, and his wife Mary Penfold. It is one of Australia's oldest wineries, and is currently part of Treasury Wine Estates. Its most famous wine is Penfolds Grange.

The chief winemaker since 2002 has been Peter Gago.
Deauville Criteria
The Deauville 5-point scoring system is an internationally  accepted and utilized five-point scoring system for the fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) avidity of a Hodgkin lymphoma or Non-Hodgkin lymphoma tumor mass as seen on FDG positron emission tomography:

Score 1: No uptake above the background

Score 2: Uptake ≤ mediastinum

Score 3: Uptake > mediastinum but ≤ liver

Score 4: Uptake moderately increased compared to the liver at any site

Score 5: Uptake markedly increased compared to the liver at any site

Score X: New areas of uptake unlikely to be related to lymphoma

Scores of 1 and 2 are considered to be negative and 4 and 5 are considered to be positive. "Score 3 should be interpreted according to the clinical context but in many Hodgkin Lymphoma patients indicates a good prognosis with standard treatment."

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), also known as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, is a group of blood cancers that includes all types of lymphomas except Hodgkin lymphomas. Symptoms include enlarged lymph nodes, fever, night sweats, weight loss, and tiredness. Other symptoms may include bone pain, chest pain, or itchiness. Some forms are slow-growing while others are fast-growing. Unlike Hodgkin lymphoma, which often spreads in an orderly pattern between nearby lymph nodes, NHL can involve multiple parts of the body and may not follow a predictable spread.
The Beasts of Suburban
The Beasts of Suburban is an extended play (EP) by Australian alternative rock band, TISM. It was produced by Tony Cohen and released in July 1992 via Shock Records. Its title is a pun on the name of fellow Australian band, Beasts of Bourbon (also produced by Cohen). At the ARIA Music Awards of 1993, the album was nominated for Best Independent Release while Cohen was nominated for Producer of the Year for his work on the Cruel Sea's album This Is Not the Way Home and TISM's track, "Get Thee to a Nunnery".

On 10 November 2023, the album was reissued as a 3-disc boxset, containing a double CD with over 50 unreleased demo recordings made by the band between 1991 and 1992, as well as the four iTunes bonus tracks for the first time on a physical release. The reissue hit No. 2 on the Australian independent album charts.

Shock Records
Shock Records was an Australian independent record label, branded with the logo Shock or Shock Australia. Founded in 1988, it traded as Shock Records Pty. Ltd, and its publishing arm as Shock Music Publishing Pty. Ltd. Its most prominent sublabel was Permanent Records. After going into receivership in August 2010, company assets were bought by Regency Media Group, and the company was rebranded Shock Entertainment. Regency Media folded in February 2023.
German submarine U-80 (1941)
German submarine U-80 was a Type VIIC submarine of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. She was laid down at the Bremer Vulkan Vegesacker Werft in Bremen as yard number 8 on 17 April 1940, launched on 11 February 1941 and commissioned on 8 April under Oberleutnant zur See Georg Staats.

U-80 spent her career as a training boat, first with the 1st U-boat Flotilla, then the 26th, 24th, 23rd and 21st flotillas. She sank or damaged no ships, but was herself sunk in a diving accident west of Pillau (now Baltiysk in modern Russia), on 28 November 1944.

Oberleutnant zur See
Oberleutnant zur See (OLt zS or OLZS in the German Navy, Oblt.z.S. in the Kriegsmarine) is traditionally the highest rank of Lieutenant in the German Navy. It is grouped as OF-1 in NATO.

The rank was introduced in the Imperial German Navy by renaming the former rank of Premier Lieutenant in 1890. Within the navy, officers of this rank were simply addressed as Herr Oberleutnant. To distinguish naval officers from those of the army, the suffix zur See (at sea) was added in official communications, sometimes shortened to z.S. (Oblt.z.S.). The rank has since been used by the Reichsmarine, Kriegsmarine, and Bundesmarine.  In the Volksmarine, the rank was originally used in the same way until the suffix zur See was dropped. In the Kriegsmarine, engineers (Ingenieur – Ing.) of the same rank were distinguished as Oberleutnant (Ing.).
Fritz Neuland
Fritz Neuland (30 January 1889 – 4 November 1969) was a Bavarian lawyer, Jewish leader, and Senator.

In the 1920s, he had a law office in Munich, together with the later Bavarian Prime Minister Wilhelm Hoegner.

After surviving World War II as a forced labourer, he returned to Munich, where he became President of the Jewish community.

From 1951 until his death in 1969, he served as a Bavarian Senator.

Neuland married a Christian woman named Margarethe, who converted to Judaism upon marrying Neuland. They had a daughter, Charlotte Knobloch, who later became President of the Central Council of Jews in Germany.

Bavarian Senate
The Bavarian Senate (German Bayerischer Senat) was the corporative upper chamber of Bavaria's parliamentary system from 1946 to 1999, when it was abolished by a popular vote (referendum) changing the Constitution of Bavaria.