hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rigby Wason
(Peter) Rigby Wason (1797 – 24 July 1875) was a Scottish barrister and farmer, and a Whig politician.  He was Member of Parliament (MP) for Ipswich in Suffolk from 1831 until his defeat at the 1835 general election. However, the election was declared void on petition, and he was returned to the House of Commons at the resulting by-election, holding the seat until he was defeated again at the 1837 general election.

He regained the seat at the 1841 general election, but that election was overturned on petition and he did not stand again.

Wason married Euphemia McTier.  Their children included Cathcart Wason (1848–1921), a New Zealand settler and MP who returned to Scotland and became MP for Orkney and Shetland, and Eugene Wason (1846–1927), a lawyer and Liberal MP. Peter Cathcart Wason was Eugene's grandchild.

1837 United Kingdom general election
The 1837 United Kingdom general election was held from 24 July to 18 August 1837, following the death of King William IV and the accession of Queen Victoria. The election saw the Whigs secure their fourth consecutive victory, though the Conservatives, led by Robert Peel, continued to gain ground.

The election marked the last time that a Parliament was dissolved as a result of the demise of the Crown. The dissolution of Parliament six months after a demise of the Crown, as provided for by the Succession to the Crown Act 1707, was abolished by the Reform Act 1867.
Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene
Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) is an oligomer of butadiene terminated at each end with a hydroxyl functional group. It reacts with isocyanates to form polyurethane polymers.

HTPB is a translucent liquid with a color similar to wax paper and a viscosity similar to corn syrup. The properties vary because HTPB is a mixture rather than a pure compound, and it is manufactured to meet customers' specific requirements. A typical HTPB is R-45HTLO.  This product consists of oligomeric units typically containing 40–50 butadiene molecules bonded together, with each end of the chain terminated with a hydroxyl [OH] group:

R-45HTLO has a functionality of 2.4-2.6, which means that there is (approximately) one additional hydroxyl group located along the chain for every two oligomeric units.  This provides side-to-side linkage for a stronger cured product.  HTPB is usually cured by an addition reaction with di- or poly-isocyanate compounds.

Functionality (chemistry)
In chemistry, functionality is the presence of functional groups in a molecule. A monofunctional molecule possesses one functional group, a bifunctional (or difunctional) two, a trifunctional three, and so forth. In organic chemistry (and other fields of chemistry), a molecule's functionality has a decisive influence on its reactivity.

In polymer chemistry, the functionality of a monomer refers to its number of polymerizable groups, and affects the formation and the degree of crosslinking of polymers.
2019 Ýokary Liga
2019 Ýokary Liga season was the 27th edition of the top tier professional Yokary Liga football annual competition in Turkmenistan administered by the Football Federation of Turkmenistan.

Altyn Asyr defended their championship, winning their sixth title.

Ýokary Liga
The Turkmenistan Higher League, also called Türkmenistan Ýokary Liga (Turkmen: Ýokary liga futbol klublarynyň arasyndaky futbol boýunça Türkmenistanyň çempionaty), is the top division of professional football in Turkmenistan, operated by the Turkmenistan Football Federation.

It was founded in 1992. Nine clubs participate in the Higher League of the Turkmenistan National Championship. The season runs between April and November.

There are 9 teams in the competition. As of the 2024 season, the league had one AFC Champions League Two qualifying spot for the league winner league.

Since the introduction of the Turkmenistan Higher League in 1992, Altyn Asyr (8 times), Köpetdag (6 times), Nebitçi (4 times), Nisa (4 times), Ýedigen (4 times), Arkadag (3 times), Aşgabat (2 times), Ahal (1 time) and Şagadam (1 time) have won the title.

FC Arkadag are the current champions (2025) (for the third time).
Ricky Bartlett (rugby union)
Richard Michael Bartlett (13 February 1929 – 6 March 1984) was an English international rugby union player.

Born in Kingston upon Thames, Barlett was educated at Stowe School and undertook further studies at the University of Cambridge, where he attained blues. He also played rugby union for Harlequins.

Barlett made the England squad for the 1957 Five Nations and received news of his call up on the same morning his daughter was born. He was fly-half in all England's fixtures, helping them achieve the grand slam, then gained a further three caps in 1958, as they again claimed the championship, to finish with six wins and a draw from his seven caps.

1957 Five Nations Championship
The 1957 Five Nations Championship was the twenty-eighth series of the rugby union Five Nations Championship. Including the previous incarnations as the Home Nations and Five Nations, this was the sixty-third series of the northern hemisphere rugby union championship. Ten matches were played between 12 January and 23 March. It was contested by England, France, Ireland, Scotland and Wales.

England won its 15th title, winning also the Grand Slam, the Triple Crown and the Calcutta Cup.
Calcium signaling
Calcium signaling is the use of calcium ions (Ca2+) to communicate and drive intracellular processes, often as a step in signal transduction. Ca2+ is important for a wide variety of cellular signaling pathways. Once Ca2+ enters the cytosol of the cytoplasm it exerts allosteric regulatory effects on many enzymes and proteins. Ca2+ signaling can activate certain ion channels for short term changes (like changes to electrochemical gradients) in the cell. For longer-term changes (like changes in gene transcription), Ca2+ can act as a second messenger through indirect signal transduction pathways, such as in G protein-coupled receptor pathways.

Glossary of biology
This glossary of biology terms is a list of definitions of fundamental terms and concepts used in biology, the study of life and of living organisms. It is intended as introductory material for novices; for more specific and technical definitions from sub-disciplines and related fields, see Glossary of cell biology, Glossary of genetics, Glossary of evolutionary biology, Glossary of ecology, Glossary of environmental science and Glossary of scientific naming, or any of the organism-specific glossaries in Category:Glossaries of biology.
Puls (food)
Puls is a pottage made from farro grains boiled in water, flavoured with salt. It was a staple dish in the cuisine of Ancient Rome.

The dish was considered the aboriginal food of the Ancient Romans, and played a role in archaic religious rituals.

The basic grain pottage could be elaborated with vegetables, meat, cheese, or herbs to produce dishes similar to polenta or risotto.

Risotto
Risotto (/rɪˈzɒtoʊ/ riz-OT-oh, Italian: [riˈzɔtto, -ˈsɔt-]; from riso, 'rice') is an Italian rice dish cooked with broth until it reaches a creamy consistency. The broth can be derived from meat, fish or vegetables. Many types of risotto contain butter, onion, white wine, and Parmesan cheese. It is one of the most common ways of cooking rice in Italy. Saffron was originally used for flavour and its signature yellow colour.

Risotto in Italy is usually a first course (primo), served before a second course (secondo), but risotto alla milanese is often served with ossobuco alla milanese as a one-course meal.
Wightman axioms
In mathematical physics, the Wightman axioms, also called the Gårding–Wightman axioms, named after Arthur Wightman, are an attempt at a mathematically rigorous formulation of quantum field theory. Arthur Wightman formulated the axioms in the early 1950s, but they were first published only in 1964 with Lars Gårding after Haag–Ruelle scattering theory by Rudolf Haag and David Ruelle affirmed their significance.

The axioms exist in the context of constructive quantum field theory and are meant to provide a basis for rigorous treatment of quantum fields and strict foundation for the perturbative methods used. One of the Millennium Problems is to realize the Wightman axioms in the case of Yang–Mills fields.

Poincaré group
The Poincaré group, named after Henri Poincaré (1905), was first defined by Hermann Minkowski (1908) as the isometry group of Minkowski spacetime.  It is a ten-dimensional non-abelian Lie group that is of importance as a model in our understanding of the most basic fundamentals of physics.
Leonard M. Landsborough
Leonard Monduran Landsborough (August 7, 1857 – March 14, 1927) was an American agriculturist in the Florin, California, area and a member of the California State Assembly for the 22nd district. A member of the Populist Party and then a Democrat, he was active in a movement to protect the rights of Japanese farmers in  the Sacramento Valley. He resigned from the Assembly after being indicted for malfeasance while he had been a Sacramento County employee, but was acquitted of all charges.

Resignation
Resignation  is the formal act of relinquishing or vacating one's office or position. A resignation can occur when a person holding a position gained by election or appointment steps down, but leaving a position upon the expiration of a term, or choosing not to seek an additional term, is not considered resignation.

When an employee chooses to leave a position, it is considered a resignation, as opposed to involuntary termination.  Whether an employee resigned or was terminated is sometimes a topic of dispute, because in many situations, a terminated employee is eligible for severance pay and/or unemployment benefits, whereas one who voluntarily resigns may not be eligible. Abdication is the equivalent of resignation for a reigning monarch, pope, or holder of another similar position.
Essential Killing
Essential Killing is a 2010 survival political thriller film co-written and directed by Jerzy Skolimowski and starring Vincent Gallo and Emmanuelle Seigner. Gallo stars as an Islamic insurgent who finds himself fighting for survival in a frozen woodland, pursued by soldiers.

The film received generally positive reviews from critics, with many praising Gallo's performance. The film won several accolades, including the Special Jury Prize at the 67th Venice International Film Festival, while Gallo also won the Volpi Cup for Best Actor.

Polish Film Award
The Eagles Polish Film Awards, or The Eagles (Polish: Polskie Nagrody Filmowe Orły, „Orły”) is the national film award of Poland. It has been delivered annually since 1999, with the first event held on 21 June, by the National Chamber of Audiovisual Producers (KIPA). Since 2003 they have been awarded by the Polish Film Academy.

The award ceremony is held under the auspices of the Minister of Culture and National Heritage of Poland. Their status in the Polish film industry can be compared with Academy Awards.

The award depicts outstretched eagle's wings attached to a white socle twined by a ribbon which is reminiscent of a film stock. It was designed by Polish sculptor Adam Fedorowicz.

The 26th Polish Film Awards took place on 4 March 2024. Green Border, directed by Agnieszka Holland, was named Best Film.
Amrapali & Chandragupta Area
Amrapali & Chandragupta Area is one of the operational areas of the Central Coalfields Limited located in the  Tandwa CD block of the Chatra district and the Keredari CD block in the Hazaribagh district in the state of Jharkhand, India.

Community development block
In India, a community development block (CD block) or simply a block is a sub-division of a district, administratively earmarked for planning and development. In tribal areas, similar sub-divisions are called tribal development blocks (TD blocks). The area is administered by a block development officer (BDO), supported by several technical specialists and village-level workers. A community development block covers several gram panchayats, the local administrative units at the village level. A block is a rural subdivision and typically smaller than a tehsil. A tehsil is purely for revenue administration, whereas a block is for rural development purposes. In most states, a block is coterminous with the panchayat samiti area.
Jaleel Seve-Derbas
Jaleel Seve-Derbas is a Lebanon international rugby league footballer who plays for the Wests Tigers in the National Rugby League. His position is at second-row. He was selected to represent Lebanon in the 2017 Rugby League World Cup.

2017 Rugby League World Cup
The 2017 Rugby League World Cup was the fifteenth staging of the Rugby League World Cup tournament and took place in Australia, New Zealand and Papua New Guinea between 27 October and 2 December 2017. The tournament featured the national teams of 14 Rugby League International Federation member countries who qualified through either standing in the previous tournament or a series of qualification play-off matches. In the final, defending champions Australia, playing in their 14th consecutive World Cup final, faced England at Brisbane's Lang Park, the home side keeping the British scoreless with the Kangaroos winning 6 - 0.
Dollar for the Dead
Dollar for the Dead is a 1998 American Western television film. The film was directed and written by Gene Quintano and stars Emilio Estevez. It is the third Western film in which Estevez stars. The film premiered on TNT on October 11, 1998. The film also stars William Forsythe, Joaquim de Almeida, Jonathan Banks, Ed Lauter and Howie Long. Actor Jordi Mollà was nominated for Fotogramas de Plata award.

Dollar for the Dead is often perceived as a tribute to the 1960s Spaghetti Westerns, with a liberal dose of modern Hong Kong film-making thrown in. Emilio Estevez portrays a "Man with No Name" role, stylistically akin to Clint Eastwood's 1960s westerns. The film also portrays an atmosphere similar to those of the 1960s, with numerous visual and character references to Sergio Leone's Dollars Trilogy films A Fistful of Dollars, The Good, the Bad and the Ugly, as well as non-Eastwood films such as Once Upon a Time in the West, The Wild Bunch and Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid.

Man with No Name
The Man with No Name (Italian: Uomo senza nome) is the antihero character portrayed by Clint Eastwood in Sergio Leone's Dollars Trilogy of Italian Spaghetti Western films: A Fistful of Dollars (1964), For a Few Dollars More (1965), and The Good, the Bad and the Ugly (1966). He is recognizable by his sarape, brown hat, tan cowboy boots, fondness for cigarillos, and the fact that he rarely speaks.

The "Man with No Name" concept was invented by the American distributor United Artists. Eastwood's character does have a name, or nickname, which is different in each film: "Joe", "Manco" and "Blondie", respectively.

When Clint Eastwood was honored with the American Film Institute's Lifetime Achievement Award in 1996, Jim Carrey gave the introductory speech and said: "'The Man with No Name' had no name, so we could fill in our own." In 2025, Empire chose the Man with No Name as the 33rd greatest movie character of all time.
Globe and Mail Centre
The Globe and Mail Centre is a 17-storey building, on King Street East, in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, that houses the offices of The Globe and Mail newspaper, and other tenants.
The building is adjacent to the former offices of rival newspaper the Toronto Sun, towering over it.
Archeologists were allowed to excavate the foundations of Berkeley House, which were uncovered while removing a parking lot in preparation for digging foundations for the new building.

The building was complete enough for some tenants to move in during 2016.

Toronto Sun
The Toronto Sun is an English-language tabloid newspaper published daily in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The newspaper is one of several Sun tabloids published by Postmedia Network. The newspaper's offices are located at Postmedia Place in downtown Toronto.

The newspaper published its first edition in November 1971, after it had acquired the assets of the defunct Toronto Telegram, and hired portions of its staff. In 1978, Toronto Sun Holdings and Toronto Sun Publishing were consolidated to form Sun Publishing (later renamed Sun Media Corporation). Sun Publishing went on to form similar tabloids to the Toronto Sun in other Canadian cities during the late 1970s and 1980s. The Sun was acquired by Postmedia Network in 2015, as a part of the sale of the Sun's parent company, Sun Media.
Clauson-Marshall Racing
Clauson-Marshall Racing is an American professional open-wheel racing team that competed in the IndyCar Series and the USAC Series.  With Pippa Mann driving, they qualified for the 2019 Indianapolis 500.  They are named in honor of Bryan Clauson.

Open-wheel car
An open-wheel car is a car with the wheels outside the car's main body, and usually having only one seat. Open-wheel cars contrast with street cars, sports cars, stock cars, and touring cars, which have their wheels below the body or inside fenders. Open-wheel cars are built both for road racing and oval track racing. Open-wheel cars licensed for use on public roads (street legal), such as the Ariel Atom, are uncommon, as they are often impractical for everyday use.
Fifth year
Fifth Year refers to the fifth year of schooling in secondary schools in Scotland and Ireland. It was also the traditional term for the same year group in England and Wales, until about 1990 when most schools replaced it with Year Eleven and Year Twelve. It is also equivalent to 11th grade.

Curriculum for Excellence
Curriculum for Excellence (Scottish Gaelic: Curraicealam airson Sàr-mhathais) is the national curriculum in Scotland, used by Scottish schools for learners ages 3–18. The implementation of Curriculum for Excellence is overseen by Education Scotland, the executive agency of the Scottish Government responsible for the education system in Scotland.
2023 SCSA Regional Tournament
The 2023 Southeast Collegiate Soccer Alliance Regional Tournament was the 13th edition of the Southeast Collegiate Soccer Alliance's postseason club soccer tournament, which was held at Dorey Park in Henrico, Virginia from October 27–29th, 2023. A tournament was held for each the men's and women's divisions, with each tournament champion receiving an automatic bid to the 2023 NIRSA National Soccer Championships' championship division. The remaining 2 of NIRSA Region II's automatic bids for each division were given out based on RPI, with a special consideration to this tournament's performance.

Henrico, Virginia
Henrico is the name used by the U.S. Postal Service for several ZIP code areas in unincorporated parts of Henrico County, Virginia, United States, surrounding the city of Richmond. "Other acceptable cities" listed by the USPS for parts of Henrico are Richmond, Highland Springs, Regency, and Ridge, whereas Millers, Montrose, Montrose Heights, Staples Mill, Tuckahoe, Varina, and Westbury are alternate names for portions of Henrico that are not recommended for use in mailing addresses.

Henrico is identified in the National Register of Historic Places's NRIS database as being the location of, or nearest community to, the Curles Neck Farm.
Schultzites
Schultzites is a monospecific genus of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the suborder Characoidei within the order Characiformes, the characins. The only species in the genus is Schultzites axelrodi, which is endemic to Colombia, where it is found in the upper Meta River basin. This taxon has not been assigned to a particular family within the Characoidei and is considered to be incertae sedis, i.e. its taxonomic affinities are, as yet, unclear.

Schultzites, the genus, was named in honor of Leonard Peter Schultz, Curator of Fishes, U. S. National Museum, for his "tremendous ichthyological works". The specific name honors the pet-book publisher Herbert R. Axelrod, whose Tropical Fish Hobbyist magazine published this description and several others by Jacques Géry.

Tropical Fish Hobbyist
Tropical Fish Hobbyist Magazine (abbreviated as TFH Magazine) is a bimonthly magazine for hobbyist keepers of tropical fish, with news and information on a variety of topics concerning freshwater and marine aquariums. The magazine was first published in September 1952. The magazine is based in Neptune City, New Jersey. It is published by TFH Publications, which publishes books relating to the care aquarium fish and pets.
Arthroleptis loveridgei
Arthroleptis loveridgei is a species of frogs in the family Arthroleptidae. It is endemic to Democratic Republic of the Congo and only known from its type locality, "Arebi (Uelé)", Ituri Province, in the northeastern part of the country. The specific name loveridgei honours Arthur Loveridge, an American herpetologist. Common names Loveridge's screeching frog and Loveridge's squeaking frog have been coined for it.

Arthroleptidae
The Arthroleptidae /ˌɑːrθroʊˈlɛptɪdiː/ are a family of frogs found in sub-Saharan Africa. This group includes African treefrogs in the genus Leptopelis along with the terrestrial breeding squeakers Arthroleptis, and several genera restricted to the Guinean forests of central and west Africa, such as the hairy frog (Trichobatrachus).
1892–93 County Antrim Shield
The 1892–93 County Antrim Shield was the 5th edition of the County Antrim Shield, a cup competition in Irish football.

Distillery won the tournament for the 2nd time, defeating Celtic 2–1 in the final.

Belfast Celtic F.C.
Belfast Celtic Football Club was an Irish football club. Founded in 1891 in Belfast, it was one of the most successful teams in Ireland until it withdrew permanently from the Irish League in 1949. The club left the league for political reasons, as the team and its supporters were largely Catholic and Irish nationalist. Belfast Celtic was one of four clubs that attracted the biggest crowds in the Irish League, the other three being Linfield, Distillery and Glentoran. Belfast Celtic played its last match in 1960.
Water polo at the 1963 Pan American Games
The Water polo tournament was contested for men only at the 1963 Pan American Games in São Paulo, Brazil. The top three teams from the event qualified through to the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan.

Water polo at the 1964 Summer Olympics
Water polo at the 1964 Summer Olympics was held at the Yoyogi National Gymnasium in Shibuya, Tokyo. The gymnasium was built in 1961-1964 as the first indoor pool for Olympic water polo; it also hosted all swimming and diving events and could accommodate over 13,000 people.

In the water polo tournament, two teams from each of the four preliminary groups advanced to two semifinals, and their four winners competed for the medals. The scores from the preliminary rounds were taken into account in the semifinals, and the scores from the semifinals were taken into account in the finals.
Sweet Mercy
Sweet Mercy are an English house music duo formed in the late 1980s, consisting of Eric Gooden and Eric Powell. In 1992 in Manchester, the duo founded their own house and techno record label, Bush Records.

Their single "Happy Days" featuring singer Joe Roberts charted on the UK Singles Chart in early 1996.

Also in 1996, under the alias 6 by Six, the duo scored a UK chart hit with "Into Your Heart".

The vocals of singer Rowetta in the duo's 1990 song "Reach Out" has been sampled by many artists such as the Black Eyed Peas, Slam, Peshay, DJ Zinc, Todd Terry, Matrix & Futurebound, Steve Angello, Laidback Luke and Oliver Heldens. In 2008, "Reach Out" was remixed and re-released with mixes by J Nitti, Peter Presta and Mobin Master, among others.

Laidback Luke
Lucas Cornelis van Scheppingen (born 22 October 1976), better known under his stage name Laidback Luke, is a Filipino-born Dutch DJ and record producer. He notably remixed the Robin S. song, "Show Me Love" which charted at No. 11 on the UK charts in 2009. He is also the founder of Mixmash Records.