hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Detroit, Howell and Lansing Railroad
The Detroit, Howell and Lansing Railroad is a defunct railroad which operated in central and southeast Michigan during the early 1870s. The company formed on March 29, 1870 through the consolidation of the Detroit and Howell and the Howell and Lansing. From the two companies the DH&L gained a partially graded right-of-way 84 miles (135 km) long, with track laid on perhaps half of it, stretching from Lansing southeast to Detroit.

On March 16, 1871 the company consolidated with the Ionia and Lansing to form the Detroit, Lansing & Lake Michigan. The company had existed as an independent entity for less than a year.

Southeast Michigan
Southeast Michigan, also called southeastern Michigan, is a region in the Lower Peninsula of Michigan that is home to a majority of the state's businesses and industries as well as slightly over half of the state's population, most of whom are concentrated in Metro Detroit.
Bing (soft drink)
Bing is a soft drink formerly produced by the Silver Spring Mineral Water Company Limited. The company was based in Folkestone, Kent, UK, until 2013, when the company was liquidated.

The current label says Bing is being bottled by CBL Drinks for Speaking Water Brands Ltd, a company based in Purley, Surrey. These companies have however changed name in 2016. It is unclear who currently produces Bing.

It was dark orange in colour and had a cherryade quality to it. The flavour has been compared by some to original Tizer (before they removed the artificial flavourings).

The name 'Bing' comes from the original producer of the drink, one Edwin Bing of Canterbury, who ran a chemist and mineral water business in Canterbury.  His company 'Bing's Mineral Waters ltd' was bought by Silver Spring in 1968. The distribution of Bing was very limited: it was principally available in the County of Kent, but also in London and Essex.

Tizer
Tizer is an orange-coloured, citrus-flavoured soft drink bottled and sold in the UK. It was launched in 1924 by Fred and Tom Pickup of Birtle, Bury when it was known as "Pickup's Appetiser", later abbreviated to Tizer.
Tokugawa Munekatsu
Tokugawa Munekatsu (徳川 宗勝, 1705–1761) was a Japanese daimyō of the Edo period. He ruled the Takasu Domain in Mino, and later succeeded his cousin Tokugawa Muneharu, who had been placed under house arrest, to become eighth Tokugawa lord of the Owari Domain in Nagoya. In that capacity, Munekatsu enacted political reforms that reversed the extravagances of his predecessor, Muneharu.

As lord of Takasu he used the name Matsudaira Yoshiatsu (松平 義淳). His other names were Tomosuke (友相) and Tomoatsu (友淳).

Mino, Gifu
Mino (美濃市, Mino-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [mʲiꜜ.no, mʲi.noꜜ, mʲi.noꜜɕi]) is a city located in Gifu, Japan. As of 31 December 2018, the city had an estimated population of 20,749 in 8149 households, and a population density of 180 persons per km2. The total area of the city was 117.01 square kilometres (45.18 sq mi). The city is renowned for traditional Japanese Mino washi paper and its streets, which are in the style of the early Edo period (1603–1868). An urban area known as "Udatsu Townscape" (うだつのあがるまちなみ) was designated as an important traditional building group conservation area by the government on May 13, 1999.
Alex Stieda
Alexander Nicholas Ernst Stieda (born 13 April 1961) is a former professional road bicycle racer from Canada. Stieda led five classifications of the Tour de France on the second day of the 1986 Tour de France: the general classification, the mountains classification, the combination classification, the intermediate sprints classification and the young rider classification, becoming the first North American to lead the Tour de France. He finished in 120th place, in his only Tour de France, riding on the 7-Eleven – Hoonved Cycling Team. He also placed bronze in the 1982 Australian Commonwealth Games, and competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics for his native country. At the 1983 Summer Universiade he won the bronze medal in the men's individual pursuit. He also competed in the individual pursuit and points race events at the 1984 Summer Olympics. Alex is the co-founder of the Tour of Alberta professional cycling race.

Intermediate sprints classification in the Tour de France
The intermediate sprints classification, also known as the points chauds classification (French for "hot points"), was a secondary competition in the Tour de France that was contested between 1966 and 1989. From 1984 onwards, the leader was indicated by the red jersey.
Bishops Waltham Branch LNR
Bishops Waltham Branch LNR is a  1.6-hectare (4.0-acre) local nature reserve in Bishop's Waltham in Hampshire. It is owned and managed by Hampshire County Council.

This site is a 1 kilometre (0.62 miles) footpath along the former railway line from Bishop's Waltham to Botley. The path is lined by trees such as oaks and field maples, and flowering plants including wood avens and herb robert.

The King's Way and Pilgrims' Trail pass through the site.

Geranium robertianum
Geranium robertianum, commonly known as herb-robert or, in North America, as Robert's geranium, is a species of cranesbill that is widespread throughout the northern hemisphere and introduced to some countries in the southern. It is common in woods, hedges, gardens, and on waste ground, and can also be found on shingle beaches and limestone pavements. It is not rare or threatened and in some places it is considered to be invasive.
Athletics at the 2015 Parapan American Games – Men's 400 metres T38
The men's T38 400 metres competition of the athletics events at the 2015 Parapan American Games was held on August 11 at the CIBC Athletics Stadium. The defending Parapan American Games champion was Omar Monterola of Venezuela.

York Lions Stadium
43°46′30″N 79°30′25″W﻿ / ﻿43.775°N 79.507°W﻿ / 43.775; -79.507

York Lions Stadium is an outdoor sports stadium on the Keele Campus of Toronto's York University in the former city of North York. It is home to the York Lions, the varsity teams of York University, the Toronto Arrows of Major League Rugby and Inter Toronto of the Canadian Premier League. The facility was primarily built for the 2015 Pan American and Parapan American Games, where it hosted track and field events and the opening ceremony. In 2021, the stadium's running track was removed to expand the playing surface used for football and soccer.
Lucinda Ebersole
Lucinda Ebersole (March 12, 1956 – March 20, 2017) was a critic, editor  and writer of fiction in the literary scene of Washington, D.C. She is best known for her association with the literary journal Gargoyle Magazine, for which she was co-editor along with Richard Peabody from 1997 to 2017.  She also edited various anthologies with Peabody, most notably the various books in their Mondo series. She also wrote an unpublished book entitled Málaga, which she described in 1998 as "a really weird little novel that is sort of 'transgendered' kind of poetry, kind of a novel."

Literary editor
A literary editor is a editor responsible for refining and overseeing the quality of written content in a newspaper, magazine or other publication. Literary editor deals with aspects concerning literature and books, especially reviews. A literary editor may also help with editing books themselves, by providing services such as proof reading, copy-editing, and literary criticism. Their work often involves reviewing literary pieces, book reviews, and essays to ensure clarity, coherence, and adherence to editorial standards. Literary editors are sometimes referred to as copy editors or production editors, depending on their specific role within a publication.
The Waterways Journal Weekly
The Waterways Journal Weekly is the news journal of record for the towing and barge industry on the inland waterways of the United States, chiefly the watershed of the Mississippi River and its tributaries and the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway.  Known as The Riverman’s Bible, the periodical has been published continuously from St. Louis, Missouri, since 1887. Published by H. Nelson Spencer and his son Nelson Spencer Jr., it is the only American maritime publication that focuses exclusively on the inland waterways of the United States, and is one of the few remaining family-owned, advertiser-supported trade weeklies of any description.

Gulf Intracoastal Waterway
The Gulf Intracoastal Waterway (GIWW) is the portion of the Intracoastal Waterway located along the Gulf Coast of the United States. It is a navigable inland waterway running approximately 1,300 mi (2,100 km) from Saint Marks, Florida, to Brownsville, Texas.

The waterway provides a channel with a controlling depth of 12 ft (3.7 m), designed primarily for barge transportation.  Although the U.S. government proposals for such a waterway were made in the early 19th century, the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway was not completed until 1949.
Mérida AD
Asociación Deportiva Mérida, S.A.D. is a Spanish football club based in Mérida, in the autonomous community of Extremadura. Founded in 2013 it is a successor club of CP Mérida, it currently plays in Primera Federación – Group 1.

Juanma (footballer, born 1980)
Juan Manuel Barrero Barrero (born 27 June 1980), known as Juanma, is a Spanish retired footballer who played as a goalkeeper, and is the current manager of SD Tarazona.

He spent most of his 16-year professional career in the Spanish lower leagues. He appeared in 38 La Liga games over three seasons, with Atlético Madrid and Numancia.
Love Is Louder
Love is Louder is the second studio album and by English musician James Cottriall, released on 24 February 2012 by Pate Records. The album includes the singles "By Your Side", "Smile" and "Stand Up". It peaked at number 10 on the Austrian Albums Chart.

James Cottriall
James Cottriall (born 1 January 1986, in Stratford upon Avon, England) is an English musician, active predominantly in Vienna, Austria. He became famous throughout Austria with the success of his first single, "Unbreakable", which spent twenty weeks in the Austrian top 40 charts in summer 2010. "Unbreakable" was nominated for the Song of the Year category at the 2010 Austrian music Amadeus Awards.
American Ninja Warrior: USA vs. The World
American Ninja Warrior: USA vs. The World is a television special aired approximately once a year on NBC. It features an American Ninja Warrior team from the United States competing against teams from other countries or regions around the world, including Japan, Europe, Latin America, Asia, and Australia, for bragging rights and the American Ninja Warrior: USA vs. The World trophy. The competitors race on the same Mount Midoriyama course used in the National Finals on the Las Vegas Strip.

POM Wonderful
POM Wonderful, LLC is a private company which sells an eponymous brand of pomegranate juices, pomegranate arils, and teas. It was founded in 2002 by the billionaire industrial agriculture couple Stewart and Lynda Rae Resnick. POM Wonderful is one of several food brands held within The Wonderful Company owned and managed by the Resnicks.
2012 KNSB Dutch Single Distance Championships – Women's 1500 m
The women's 1500 meter at the 2012 KNSB Dutch Single Distance Championships took place in Heerenveen at the Thialf ice skating rink on Sunday 6 November 2011. Although this tournament was held in 2011, it was part of the 2011–2012 speed skating season.

There were 22 participants.

Title holder was Ireen Wüst.

There was a qualification selection incentive for the next following 2011–12 ISU Speed Skating World Cup tournaments.

Thialf
Thialf (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈtijɑlf]) is an ice arena in Heerenveen, Netherlands. Thialf is used for long track speed skating, short track speed skating, ice hockey, figure skating, ice speedway, and non-sporting events. The outdoor rink was opened in 1967, and the indoor stadium was opened in 1986. Several world records have been set in the indoor stadium.

Annually, Thialf hosts two Speed Skating World Cup events. Jan de Jong was the ice rink master at Thialf for many years.
Jessica Moss
Jessica Moss is a Canadian musician best known for playing violin and singing backing vocals in the post-rock band Thee Silver Mt. Zion Memorial Orchestra & Tra-La-La Band since 2001. She is a founding member of Black Ox Orkestar.

In addition, Moss has also been a guest player on many albums produced in Montreal and Toronto, including albums by Frankie Sparo, Arcade Fire, and Broken Social Scene.

Vic Chesnutt
James Victor Chesnutt (November 12, 1964 – December 25, 2009) was an American singer-songwriter from Athens, Georgia. His first album, Little, was released in 1990. His commercial breakthrough came in 1996 with the release of Sweet Relief II: Gravity of the Situation, a charity record of alternative artists covering his songs.

Chesnutt released 17 albums during his career, including two produced by Michael Stipe, and a 1996 release on Capitol Records, About to Choke. His musical style has been described by Bryan Carroll of AllMusic as a "skewed, refracted version of Americana that is haunting, funny, poignant, and occasionally mystical, usually all at once".

Injuries from a 1983 car crash left him partially paralyzed; he used a wheelchair and had limited use of his hands.
Ville-Valtteri Leskinen
Ville-Valtteri Leskinen (born 18 February 1994) is a Finnish professional ice hockey forward who is currently a free agent. He last played with KooKoo of the Finnish Liiga.

He previously played with Oulun Kärpät of the Finnish Liiga, winning the Kanada-malja in the 2017–18 season.

After establishing his professional career in three successful seasons with Oulun, Leskinen left as a free agent following the 2018–19 season. On 26 June 2019, Leskinen signed a two-year contract with Swedish club, Färjestad BK of the Swedish Hockey League (SHL).

Oulun Kärpät
Oulun Kärpät (Finnish for "Oulu Ermines", sometimes referred to as Kärpät Oulu) is a Finnish professional ice hockey team based in Oulu and playing in the top-tier Finnish Liiga. Kärpät have won the Finnish championship title eight times, and is the most successful Finnish ice hockey team in the 21st century.
The Quiller Memorandum
The Quiller Memorandum is a 1966 British neo noir eurospy film filmed in Deluxe Color and Panavision, adapted from the 1965 spy novel The Berlin Memorandum, by Elleston Trevor under the name "Adam Hall", screenplay by Harold Pinter, directed by Michael Anderson, featuring George Segal, Alec Guinness, Max von Sydow and Senta Berger. The film was shot on location in West Berlin and in Pinewood Studios, England. It was nominated for three BAFTA Awards, while Pinter was nominated for an Edgar Award for the script.

The film is a spy-thriller set in 1960s West Berlin, where agent Quiller is sent to investigate a neo-Nazi organisation.

The film had its world premiere on 10 November 1966 at the Odeon Leicester Square in the West End of London.

Odeon Luxe Leicester Square
The Odeon Luxe Leicester Square is a prominent cinema building in the West End of London. Built in the Art Deco style and completed in 1937, the building has been continually altered in response to developments in cinema technology, and was the first Dolby Cinema in the United Kingdom.

The cinema occupies the centre of the eastern side of Leicester Square in London, featuring a black polished granite facade and 120 feet (37 m) high tower displaying its name. Blue neon outlines the exterior of the building at night. It was built to be the flagship of Oscar Deutsch's Odeon Cinemas chain and still holds that position today. It hosts numerous European and world film premieres, including the annual Royal Film Performance.
Orog Lake
Orog Lake, or Orog Nuur (Mongolian: Орог нуур) is a lake located in the district of Bogd, in Bayankhongor Province, Mongolia.

It is situated at an altitude of 1216 m above sea level. Fed by the waters of the river Tüyn Gol. The shores are low and sandy, with salt marshes in some places. Fresh or salt water predominates depending on the amount of rainfall. Frozen from November to April. It is rich in fish and waterfowl.

Uranium and arsenic accumulate in this lake during evaporation, although, under very dry conditions, some As(V) reacts with ferrihydrite and is removed.

Districts of Mongolia
A district or sum (/sʊm/; Mongolian: сум ᠰᠤᠮᠤ) is a second-level administrative subdivision of Mongolia. The 21 provinces of Mongolia are divided into 330 sums.

On average, each district administers a territory of 4,200 km2 (1,600 sq mi) with about 5,000 inhabitants, primarily nomadic herders. Its total revenue is 120 million Tögrög, 90% of which comes from national subsidies.

Each district is again subdivided into bags (brigades; sometimes spelled baghs). Most bags are of an entirely virtual nature. Their purpose is to sort the families of nomads in the district into groups, without a permanent human settlement.

Officially, and occasionally on maps, many district seats (sum centers) bear a name different from that of the district. However, in practice the district seat (sum center) is most often referred to under the name of the district, to the point of the official name of the district seat (sum center) being unknown even to the locals.
USS William M. Wood (DE-287)
USS William M. Wood (DE-287) was a proposed United States Navy Rudderow-class destroyer escort that was never built.

Sources differ on William M. Wood's planned builder; plans called for either Bethlehem-Hingham Shipyard at Hingham, Massachusetts or the Charleston Navy Yard at Charleston, South Carolina to build her. The contract for her construction was cancelled on 12 March 1944 before construction could begin.

The name William M. Wood was transferred to the destroyer escort USS William M. Wood (DE-557).

Charleston Naval Shipyard
Charleston Naval Shipyard (formerly known as the Charleston Navy Yard) was a U.S. Navy ship building and repair facility located along the west bank of the Cooper River, in North Charleston, South Carolina and part of Naval Base Charleston.
Sakura Yokomine
Sakura Yokomine (横峯さくら, Yokomine Sakura; born 13 December 1985 in Kanoya, Kagoshima) is a Japanese professional golfer. She is one of the leading players on the LPGA of Japan Tour and was in the top twenty of the February 2006 debut edition of the Women's World Golf Rankings. She finished T-11 at the LPGA Final Qualifying Tournament to earn her tour card for 2015.

Yokomine has endorsement deals with Epson, Srixon, Asahi Soft Drinks, Le Coq Sportif, ANA and Sato.

Epson
Seiko Epson Corporation, commonly known as Epson, is a Japanese multinational electronics company and one of the world's largest manufacturers of printers and information- and imaging-related equipment. Headquartered in Suwa, Nagano, Japan, the company has numerous subsidiaries worldwide and manufactures inkjet, dot matrix, thermal and laser printers for consumer, business and industrial use, scanners, laptop and desktop computers, video projectors, watches, point of sale systems, robots and industrial automation equipment, semiconductor devices, crystal oscillators, sensing systems and other associated electronic components.

The company has developed as one of manufacturing and research and development (formerly known as Seikosha) of the former Seiko Group, a name traditionally known for manufacturing Seiko timepieces. Seiko Epson was one of the major companies in the Seiko Group, but is neither a subsidiary nor an affiliate of Seiko Group Corporation.
Rishi Kumar
Rishi Kumar is an Indian politician who was elected as a member of Bihar Legislative Assembly from Obra constituency in 2020 as candidate of Rashtriya Janata Dal. His mother Kanti Singh served as Union Minister of State, Ministry of Human Resource Development and Union Minister of State, Ministry of Heavy Industries in Government of India.

Bihar Legislative Assembly
The Bihar Legislative Assembly (ISO: Bihār Vidhān Sabhā), is the lower house of the bicameral Bihar Legislature of the state of Bihar in India. The first state elections were held in 1952.

Before the partition of Bihar, the total strength of membership in the assembly was 331, including one nominated member. After the partition, the seats were reduced to 243 members. Shri Krishna Singh became the first leader of the House and the first chief minister, Anugrah Narayan Singh was elected as the first deputy leader of the house and the first deputy chief minister.
1950 Brighouse and Spenborough by-election
The 1950 Brighouse and Spenborough by-election was a parliamentary by-election held in the United Kingdom on 4 May 1950 for the House of Commons in the marginal constituency of Brighouse and Spenborough. The seat became vacant on the death of Frederick Cobb, who had been the local Member of Parliament (MP) for only 3 months, since the general election in February 1950. He had previously been the MP for Elland from 1945.

The result was a narrow hold for the Labour Party. The winning candidate was John Edwards, former Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Trade, who had lost his seat in the general election. He went on to hold Brighouse and Spenborough until his death in 1959, when the resulting by-election in 1960 was narrowly won by the Conservative and National Liberal candidate Michael Shaw.

Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Trade
The parliamentary secretary to the Board of Trade in the United Kingdom was a member of Parliament assigned to assist the Board of Trade and its President with administration and liaison with Parliament. It replaced the Vice-President of the Board of Trade.

From September 1953, a more senior ministerial post, the Minister of State for Trade also existed. At times, the parliamentary secretary post was then filled by a member of the House of Lords.

On 20 October 1970, the Board of Trade was merged with the Ministry of Technology to create the modern Department of Trade and Industry. The role of parliamentary secretary to the Board of Trade therefore ceased to have practical application beyond that date. The closest successor can be found in the role of parliamentary secretary to the Department of Trade and Industry.
1996 Croatia USAF Boeing CT-43 crash
On 3 April  1996, a United States Air Force Boeing CT-43A (Flight IFO-21) crashed on approach to Dubrovnik, Croatia, while on an official trade mission. The aircraft, a Boeing 737-200 originally built as a T-43A navigational trainer and later converted into a CT-43A executive transport aircraft, was carrying United States Secretary of Commerce Ron Brown and 34 other people, including corporate CEOs. While attempting an instrument approach to Dubrovnik Airport, the airplane crashed into a mountainside. All aboard died in the crash except one who died en route to a hospital.

The aircraft was operated by the 76th Airlift Squadron of the 86th Airlift Wing, based at Ramstein Air Base in Germany. Unlike commercial 737s, the military CT-43A version was equipped with neither a flight data recorder nor a cockpit voice recorder.

76th Airlift Squadron
The 76th Airlift Squadron is part of the 86th Airlift Wing at Ramstein Air Base, Germany.  It operates executive airlift aircraft, including the Learjet C-21A and Gulfstream C-37A Gulfstream V.

The squadron was first activated during World War II as the 76th Ferrying Squadron its primary mission was training aircrews on transport aircraft and it was redesignated the 76th Transport Transition Squadron in 1943.  The squadron was disbanded in a general reorganization of Army Air Forces training units in the spring of 1944.

The squadron was reconstituted as the 76th Air Transport Squadron in July 1952, flying the Douglas C-54 Skymasters it had flown during the war.  When Military Air Transport Service ended its airlift operations at Kelly Air Force Base, Texas in 1956, the squadron moved to Charleston Air Force Base, South Carolina, from which it performed global airlift missions until 1993, when it moved to Ramstein and assumed its current mission.