hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Virgil Geddes
Virgil Geddes (1897–1989) was an American playwright.

Geddes grew up in rural Nebraska, the setting for his plays The Earth Between, and Native Ground. He did not go to college.  He spent several years in Paris where he met and married writer Minna Besser Geddes (Vassar College), class on 1916. The couple moved to Brookfield, Connecticut in 1929.

Geddes, a member of several Communist organizations including the League of American Writers, Workers Film and Photo League (USA), and the League of Workers Theaters, was listed multiple times by the House Un-American Activities Committee in its 1948 Report.

Geddes established a theater company, The Brookfield Players.  The company performed in an erstwhile tobacco barn, called the Brookfield County Playhouse, and both the company and the venue were referred to as the Brookfield Playhouse.

Geddes was the long-serving postmaster in Brookfield, a job he told the Hartford Courant that he took because it offered a steady income.

House Un-American Activities Committee
The House Committee on Un-American Activities (HCUA), popularly the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC), was an investigative committee of the United States House of Representatives created in 1938. Their goal was to investigate alleged disloyalty and subversive activities on the part of private citizens, public employees, and those organizations suspected of having communist ties. It became a standing (permanent) committee in 1946. Then, from 1969 and onward, it was known as the House Committee on Internal Security. When the House abolished the committee in 1975, its functions were transferred to the House Judiciary Committee.

The committee's anti-communist investigations are often associated with McCarthyism, although Joseph McCarthy himself (as a U.S. senator) had no direct involvement with the House committee. McCarthy was the chairman of the Government Operations Committee and its Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations of the U.S. Senate, not the House.
Tomás Mapúa
Don Tomás Bautista Mapúa (December 21, 1888 - December 22, 1965) was a Filipino architect, educator, politician and businessman from the Philippines.  He was the founder and first president of the Mapua University. Gonzalo T. Vales as co-founder and founding dean of school and co-founder and founding president of Central Colleges of the Philippines, after he established the school on January 25, 1925. He was the first registered architect in the Philippines, Manila councilor and first worked at the Philippine Bureau of Public Works. He later established his own construction company, the MYT Construction Works, Inc.

Don (honorific)
The terms Don (in Spanish and Italian), Dom (in Portuguese), and Domn (in Romanian), are honorific prefixes derived from the Latin Dominus, meaning "lord" or "owner". The honorific is commonly used in Spain, Portugal, and Italy, as well as in the Spanish-speaking world and Portuguese-speaking world, as well as some other places formerly colonized by Spain or Portugal. The feminine equivalents are Doña (Spanish: [ˈdoɲa]), Donna (Italian: [ˈdɔnna]), Doamnă (Romanian) and Dona (Portuguese: [ˈdonɐ]), meaning "lady".

The term is derived from the Latin dominus: a master of a household, a title with background from the Roman Republic in classical antiquity. With the abbreviated form having emerged as such in the Middle Ages, traditionally it is reserved for Catholic clergy and nobles, in addition to certain educational authorities and persons of high distinction.
Franklin High School (Stockton, California)
Franklin High School is a public high school located in Garden Acres, California, United States. The school's colors are green and gold. Their school mascot is the yellow jacket. They are one of the many schools that have the I.B. program through the International Baccalaureate Academy. The school also has the federal program Junior Reserve Officers' Training Corps (JROTC). The principal is Anna Lotti

Garden Acres, California
Garden Acres is a census-designated place (CDP) in San Joaquin County, California, United States. The population was 11,398 at the 2020 census, up from 10,648 at the 2010 census. It is the most populous CDP in San Joaquin County.
Him and Me
Him and Me are a British comedy duo who first found success with their YouTube videos.

The duo is made up of Shea Taylor and Steven Langstaff, they perform their comedy live as well as writing and performing sketches for TV, including the Super Granny Nanny sketches for "Dick and Dom's Funny Business" on BBC Two and sketches for Manchester-based Channel M.

Their most successful online video was a Lady Gaga spoof which reached over 2.5 million hits and they appear as regular guests on BBC Radio Manchester and Lancashire.

Shea Taylor is 27 and comes from Repton in Derbyshire and Steve Langstaff is 28 and originally comes from Hull. steven langstaff is now living in nantwich where he no longer produces comedy videos. It has also been rumored that he works in a secondary school.

BBC Radio Manchester
BBC Radio Manchester is the BBC's local radio station serving Greater Manchester. It broadcasts on FM, DAB, digital TV and via BBC Sounds from studios at MediaCityUK in Salford Quays.

According to RAJAR, the station has a weekly audience of 193,000 listeners and a 2.3% share as of June 2025.
Say Hello
"Say Hello" is a song by American electronic music duo Deep Dish. It was originally included on the group's 2005 album, George Is On, and was released as a single on July 2, 2005. The song's vocals were provided by Anousheh Khalili.

"Say Hello" became another popular hit for the group, topping the US Billboard Dance Club Play chart and peaking at number 14 on the UK Singles Chart. In Finland, it reached number four to become the band's first of three top-10 singles. It was nominated for a Grammy Award in the category Best Dance Recording at the 2006 ceremony, losing out to "Galvanize" by the Chemical Brothers.

The Chemical Brothers
The Chemical Brothers are an English electronic music duo formed by Ed Simons and Tom Rowlands in Manchester in 1992. They were pioneers in bringing the big beat genre to the forefront of pop culture.

Originally known as The Dust Brothers, they changed their name due to the existence of another band with the same name. Their first album Exit Planet Dust sold over one million copies and debuted at No. 9 on the UK Albums Chart. After attracting Virgin Records, the duo achieved further success with their second album Dig Your Own Hole (1997), which topped the UK chart. They have had six No. 1 albums and 13 top-20 singles in the UK, including two chart-toppers. They have won six Grammy Awards, including Best Rock Instrumental Performance, Best Dance Recording, and Best Dance/Electronic Album.
George Bennett (Ontario politician)
George Bennett (March 10, 1887 - February 29, 1948) was the 19th Mayor of the City of Windsor and a Member of Provincial Parliament in Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1943 to 1945. He represented the riding of Windsor—Sandwich for the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF).

Bennett's time as a mayor was brief, from 1935 to 1936. He was preceded by David Croll and succeeded by Ernest S. Wigle.

Bennett was elected in a surprise sweep by the CCF and Ted Jolliffe in 1943, where his party went from no seats to 34. He served on several Legislative Committees including Public Accounts, Municipal Law, and Game and Fish. He lost his seat in 1945, along with many of his fellow CCF MPP's. Windsor-Sandwich would not be represented by a social democrat until 1967 when Hugh Peacock was elected.

In 1910 he married Hannah Elizabeth Hackney. He died in Windsor, Ontario at the age of 60.

1945 Ontario general election
The 1945 Ontario general election was held on June 4, 1945, to elect the 90 members of the 22nd Legislative Assembly of Ontario (Members of Provincial Parliament, or "MPPs") of the province of Ontario.
Particle accelerators in popular culture
Particle accelerators in popular culture appear in popular science books, fictional literature, feature films, TV series and other media which include particle accelerators as part of their content. Particle physics, fictional or scientific, is an inherent part of this topic.

Gregory Benford
Gregory Benford (born January 30, 1941) is an American science fiction author and astrophysicist who is professor emeritus at the department of physics and astronomy at the University of California, Irvine. He is a contributing editor of Reason magazine.

Benford wrote the Galactic Center Saga science fiction novels, beginning with In the Ocean of Night (1977).  The series postulates a galaxy in which sentient organic life is in constant warfare with sentient electromechanical life.

In 1969, he wrote "The Scarred Man", the first story about a computer virus (based on a real computer virus he had spread), published in 1970.
Theresa Creek Dam
Theresa Creek Dam is a dam located 22 km south west of Clermont in central Queensland, Australia. It was constructed in 1983 by the Blair Athol Coal Project to supply water for the town of Clermont, Queensland. The reservoir it impounds is known as Lake Theresa.

The reservoir has a capacity of 10,000 ML (8,100 acre⋅ft) and extends into the neighbouring locality of Theresa Creek.

Clermont, Queensland
Clermont is a rural town and locality in the Isaac Region, Queensland, Australia.  Clermont is a major hub for the large coal mines in the region, and is also a service town for  agricultural properties in the area. In the 2021 census, the locality of Clermont had a population of 2,952 people.
Gavel (sculpture)
Gavel is a 2008 sculpture by Andrew F. Scott, depicting a gavel, a mallet used by judges to maintain order in a courtroom and to punctuate rulings. The work is located at the Ohio Judicial Center, home to the Supreme Court of Ohio, situated in Downtown Columbus's Civic Center. The work was considered the largest gavel in the world upon its completion.

The sculpture was installed in the south reflecting pool of the judicial center in 2008. It depicts the authority that the judiciary has over decision-making. Both the sculpture and its counterpart in the north reflecting pool were funded by an Ohio State Bar Foundation grant. The sculptor is an Ohio State University graduate and professor of foundation studies at the Savannah College of Art & Design.

The sculpture is one of about 170 works of art at the Ohio Judicial Center. It is the largest and most expensive of those works, with a cost of $200,000.

Savannah College of Art and Design
Savannah College of Art and Design (SCAD) is a private art school with locations in Savannah and Atlanta, Georgia, United States, and Lacoste, France. It was founded in 1978 to provide degrees in programs not then offered in the southeast United States and to create a specialized professional art college to attract students from throughout the United States and abroad. The university enrolls more than 17,000 students from across the United States and around the world with international students comprising up to 25.4 percent of the student population. SCAD is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges and other professional accrediting bodies.
Universidad Indígena de Venezuela
Universidad Indígena de Venezuela (Indigenous University of Venezuela, UIV) is a public university created in 2010, based in Tauca, Bolívar State. Aimed at Venezuela's indigenous communities, it has campuses in Bolívar and Amazonas, and a 2010 enrollment of 810. The indigenous people of Venezuela make up only around 1.5% of the population nationwide, but the proportion is nearly 50% in Amazonas.

Amazonas (Venezuelan state)
Amazonas State (Spanish: Estado Amazonas, IPA: [esˈtaðo amaˈsonas]) is one of the 23 states into which Venezuela is divided. It covers nearly a fifth of the area of Venezuela, but has less than 1% of Venezuela's population.

The state capital is Puerto Ayacucho. The capital until the early 1900s was San Fernando de Atabapo. Although named after the Amazon River, most of the state is drained by the Orinoco River. Amazonas State covers 176,899 km2 and, in 2007, had a population of 142,200. Its density is 0.8 inhabitants per km2.

Amazonas has Venezuela's highest proportion of indigenous peoples of Venezuela; these make up only around 1.5% of the population nationwide, but the proportion is nearly 50% in Amazonas.: 52
Mambalgins
Mambalgins are peptides found in the venom of the black mamba (Dendroaspis polylepis polylepis), an elapid snake. Mambalgins are members of the three-finger toxin (3FTx) protein family and have the characteristic three-finger protein fold. First reported by French researchers in 2012, mambalgins are unusual members of the 3FTx family in that they have the in vivo effect of causing analgesia without apparent toxicity. Their mechanism of action is potent inhibition of acid-sensing ion channels.

Side effect
In medicine, a side effect is an unintended effect caused by a medicinal drug or other treatment's capacities or properties, and these effects are often adverse but sometimes beneficial. Herbal and traditional medicines also have side effects.

A drug or procedure usually used for a specific effect may be used specifically because of a beneficial side-effect; this is termed "off-label use" until such use is approved. For instance, X-rays have long been used as an imaging technique; the discovery of their oncolytic capability led to their use in radiotherapy for ablation of malignant tumours.
Boh (woreda)
Boh (Somali: Bookh), popularly known as 'Iid, is one of the woredas in the Somali Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Werder Zone, Boh is located in the easternmost part of the country, at the point of the angle jutting into Somalia; on its other sides, this woreda is bordered on the southwest by Geladin, and on the northwest by Danot. The easternmost point of this woreda is the easternmost point of Ethiopia. Towns in Boh include Boh, Dameco, Jiracle, Afa'ridood, Gambarey, Maaneed, Qaawane, Marqaanwayne, Galhamur, Toga'Erigoo and Saaxa-dheer.

Somali Region
The Somali Region (Somali: Dawlad Deegaanka Soomaalida, Amharic: ሱማሌ ክልል, romanized: Sumalē Kilil, Arabic: المنطقة الصومالية), also known as Soomaali Galbeed (lit. 'Western Somalia') and officially the Somali Regional State, is a regional state in eastern Ethiopia. It is the second largest region of Ethiopia in terms of area. The state borders the Ethiopian regions of Afar and Oromia to the west, as well as Djibouti to the north, Somaliland to the northeast, Somalia to the east and south; and Kenya to the southwest. Jijiga is the capital of the state.

The Somali regional government is composed of the executive branch, led by the President; the legislative branch, which comprises the State Council; and the judicial branch, which is led by the State Supreme Court.
Hansard Global
Hansard Global plc is a British financial services business headquartered in Douglas, Isle of Man. It is listed on the London Stock Exchange. The Group is involved in the provision of life assurance services primarily in the Far East, Latin America and Middle East as well as investment management services.

Douglas, Isle of Man
Douglas (Manx: Doolish, pronounced [ˈdðuːlʲəʃ]) is the capital city and largest settlement of the Isle of Man, with a population of 26,677 (2021) and an area of 4.1 square miles (10.5 km2). It is located at the mouth of the River Douglas, and on a sweeping bay of two miles (three kilometres). The River Douglas forms part of the city's harbour and main commercial port.

Douglas was a small settlement until it grew rapidly as a result of links with the English port of Liverpool in the 18th century. Further population growth came in the following century, resulting during the 1860s in a staged transfer of the High Courts, the Lieutenant Governor's residence (actually located in nearby Onchan), and finally the seat of the legislature, Tynwald, to Douglas from the ancient capital, Castletown.

The city is the island's main hub for business, finance, legal services, shipping, transport, shopping, and entertainment. The annual Isle of Man TT motorcycle races start and finish in Douglas.
Rules (novel)
Rules is the debut novel by author Cynthia Lord.  Released by Scholastic, Inc. in 2006, it was a Newbery Honor book in 2007. It is a Sunshine State Young Readers book for 2008–2009 and won A 2007 Schneider Family Book Award. In 2009 it also won the Dorothy Canfield Fisher Children's Book Award.

Schneider Family Book Award
The Schneider Family Book Award is an award given by the American Library Association (ALA) recognizing authors and illustrators for the excellence of portrayal of the disability experience in literature for youth. There is a category for children's books, books appealing to middle grade readers and for young adult literature. The award has been given since 2004. The award was founded by Dr. Katherine Schneider, who was the first blind student to graduate from the Kalamazoo Public School system. Schneider had been helped through school as a child by a librarian at the Michigan Library for the Blind who provided books in Braille to her. The award is given out annually and the winners are announced at the ALA Midwinter Meeting.
Economic history of Greece and the Greek world
The economic history of the Greek world spans several millennia and encompasses many modern-day nation states.

Since the focal point of the center of the Greek world often changed it is necessary to enlarge upon all these areas as relevant to the time. The economic history of Greece refers to the economic history of the Greek nation state since 1829.

Nome (Egypt)
A nome (/noʊm/, from Ancient Greek: νομός, nomós, "district") was a territorial division in ancient Egypt.

Each nome was ruled by a nomarch (Ancient Egyptian: ḥrj tp ꜥꜣ, "Great Chief"). The number of nomes changed through the various periods of the history of ancient Egypt.
Karabakh Plateau
The Karabakh Plateau (Armenian: Ղարաբաղի բարձրավանդակ; Azerbaijani: Qarabağ yaylası) or Syunik Plateau (Armenian: Սյունիքի բարձրավանդակ, romanized: Syuniki bardzravandak) is a volcanic plateau of the Lesser Caucasus, in Armenia and Azerbaijan, in the most eastern point of Armenian Highlands. It extends from the south of the Murovdag/Mrav range towards the East Sevan Range. (The Great Soviet Encyclopedia locates the plateau (Карабахское нагорье) between the Zangezur Mountains and the Karabakh Range.) The Hakari river (Akera, Akari, left tributary of the Aras) separates it form the Karabakh Range. The highest point is Dəlidağ (3616 m). It features a number of extinct volcanoes, the highest being Qızılboğaz (3581 m).

Hakari (river)
The Hakari (Azerbaijani: Həkəri, Armenian: Հագարի, romanized: Hagari) is a left tributary of the Aras river in Karabakh, Azerbaijan.

The river is 128 kilometres (80 mi) long. It originates in Lesser Caucasus mountains and flows through the Lachin, Qubadli and Zangilan districts of Azerbaijan.  In a small area, it serves as a border with Armenia. Its largest right tributary is the Vorotan (called Bazarchay in Azerbaijan), which joins the Hakari in its lowermost section.

Populated places along the river, include Aganli (left bank), Alibayli (right bank), Mammadbayli (left bank) and Yenikend (right bank).
The elevation difference between the source and mouth is 2,812 metres (9,226 ft). The river's water is used for irrigation and drinking. Fish like trout and Arctic cisco spawn in the Hakari.
British People's Party (2015)
The British People's Party, officially registered as the British People's Party - Unity, Equality, Freedom, was a short-lived British political party that was registered with the Electoral Commission and launched in December 2015. It ceased to exist in 2016.

Electoral Commission (United Kingdom)
In the United Kingdom, the Electoral Commission is the national election commission, created in 2001 as a result of the Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000. It is an independent agency that regulates party and election finance and sets standards for how elections should be run.
Global Alliance of Leading-Edge Schools
The Global Alliance of Leading-Edge Schools (Abbreviation: GALES) is an informal organization of leading preparatory and secondary schools from around the world. It was initiated in the year 2010. All the schools are among the top institutions in their respective countries. The Global Alliance of Leading-Edge Schools have discussions which aim to bring together a group of students who want to look beyond the parochial concerns of their own schools and national associations, and to talk through some key issues facing education, the world, and themselves as educational leaders.

Abbreviation
An abbreviation (from Latin  brevis 'short') is a shortened form of a word or phrase, by any method including shortening, contraction, initialism (which includes acronym), or crasis. An abbreviation may be a shortened form of a word, usually ended with a trailing full stop (period). For example, the term etc. is the usual abbreviation for the Latin phrase et cetera.
Garcihernández
Garcihernández is a village and municipality in the province of Salamanca, western Spain, part of the autonomous community of Castile-Leon. It is located 30 kilometres (19 mi) from the provincial capital city of Salamanca and has a population of 590 people.

It was the location of the Battle of García Hernández in 1812, during the Peninsular War.

Province of Salamanca
Salamanca (Spanish pronunciation: [salaˈmaŋka]) is a province of western Spain, in the western part of the autonomous community of Castile and León (Castilla y León). It is bordered by the provinces of Ávila, Cáceres, Valladolid, and Zamora, and on the west by Portugal. It has an area of 12,349 km2 and in 2018 had a population of 331,473 people. It is divided into 362 municipalities, 11 comarcas, 32 mancomunidades, and five judicial districts. Of the 362 municipalities, more than half are villages with fewer than 300 people.
Baisha Island
Baisha Island (Chinese: 白沙島), covering an area of 13.8763 square kilometers, is the largest island in Baisha Township of Penghu County, Taiwan. The terrain of the island slopes from the south to gradually flatten in the north. It is separated from the offshore islands of Beihai and connected to Xiyu. The island produces Jiabao melons, Penghu loofahs, and Hami melons, earning it the nickname "the homeland of melons and fruits".

The northern coast of the island is covered with fine sand composed of coral fragments, which have accumulated over a long period to form a large white sandy beach, thus giving it the name Baisha ("white sand") Island. According to the population statistics of Penghu County Civil Affairs Bureau, in April 2024, the island had a population of 10,084.

Luffa
Luffa is a genus of tropical and subtropical vines in the pumpkin, squash and gourd family (Cucurbitaceae).

In everyday non-technical usage, the luffa, also spelled loofah or less frequently loofa, usually refers to the fruits of the species Luffa aegyptiaca and Luffa acutangula. It is cultivated and eaten as a vegetable, but must be harvested at a young stage of development to be edible. The vegetable is popular in India, China, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Indonesia and Vietnam. When the fruit fully ripens, it becomes too fibrous for eating. The fully developed fruit is the source of the loofah scrubbing sponge. In October 2025, the world record for the heaviest luffa was broken at the NC State Fair. The luffa, grown in Graham, NC weighed 11 lb 3.3 oz (5.08 kg).