hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
SEPTA Route 75
Route 75 is a trackless trolley route operated by SEPTA in North and Northeast Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. It connects to the Market–Frankford Line (now known as the L line) at Arrott Transportation Center Station, and runs primarily along Wyoming Avenue. Route 75 connects to the Wyoming (BSL station) local line and goes to Wayne Junction in Nicetown. It is one of three surviving routes of the Philadelphia trolley bus system.

Northeast Philadelphia
Northeast Philadelphia, nicknamed Northeast Philly, the Great Northeast, and known colloquially as simply "the Northeast", is a section of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. According to the 2000 census, Northeast Philadelphia has a population of between 300,000 and 450,000, depending on how the area is defined. The Northeast is known as being home to a large and diverse working class population, including Polish, German, Jewish, Russian, African American, Brazilian, Puerto Rican, Dominican, Guatemalan, Ukrainian, Indian, Chinese, Irish, and Vietnamese neighborhoods.
Ectoedemia groschkei
Ectoedemia groschkei is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. It is found in the eastern Mediterranean Region.

There are three generations per year.

The larvae feed on Vitex agnus-castus. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Vitex agnus-castus
Vitex agnus-castus (also called vitex,  chaste tree / chastetree, chasteberry, Abraham's balm, lilac chastetree, or monk's pepper) is a plant native of the Mediterranean region. It is one of the few temperate-zone species of Vitex, which is on the whole a genus of tropical and subtropical flowering plants. Vitex is a cross-pollinating plant, but its self-pollination has been recorded.

Theophrastus mentioned the shrub several times, as ágnos (ἄγνος) in Enquiry into Plants. It has been long believed to be an anaphrodisiac – leading to its name as "chaste tree" – but its effectiveness for such action remains unproven. The shrub was utilized for religious rituals in ancient Greece and among the Philistines in Palestine as well as other countries in the Levant region.
Griseidraconarius
Griseidraconarius is a genus of east Asian funnel weavers. It was first described by K. Okumura in 2020, and it has only been found in Japan. As of December 2024 it contains four species: G. akakinaensis, G. decolor, G. iheyaensis, and G. iriei.

Agelenidae
The Agelenidae are a large family of spiders in the suborder Araneomorphae. Well-known examples include the common "grass spiders" of the genus Agelenopsis. The most widely accepted common name for members of the family is funnel weaver.
Caulk
Caulk (also known as caulking and calking) is a material used to seal joints or seams against leakage in various structures and piping.

The oldest form of caulk consisted of fibrous materials driven into the wedge-shaped seams between boards on wooden boats or ships. Cast iron sewerage pipes were formerly caulked in a similar way. Riveted seams in ships and boilers were formerly sealed by hammering the metal.

Modern caulking compounds are flexible sealing compounds used to close up gaps in buildings and other structures against water, air, dust, and insects, or as a component in firestopping. In the tunneling industry, caulking is the sealing of joints in segmental precast concrete tunnels, commonly by using concrete.

Precast concrete
Precast concrete is a construction product produced by casting concrete in a reusable mold or "form" which is then cured in a controlled environment, transported to the construction site and maneuvered into place; examples include precast beams, and wall panels, floors, roofs, and piles. In contrast, cast-in-place concrete is poured into site-specific forms and cured on site.

Recently, lightweight expanded polystyrene foam is being used as the cores of precast wall panels, saving weight and increasing thermal insulation.

Precast stone is distinguished from precast concrete by the finer aggregate used in the mixture, so the result approaches the natural product.
Lambda Theta Phi
Lambda Theta Phi Latin Fraternity, Inc. (ΛΘΦ) is a Latino non-profit social fraternity in the United States with 148 undergraduate chapters and 33 alumni associations.

It was founded on December 1, 1975, at Kean University (formerly known as Kean College) in Union, New Jersey. It was the first of several Latino fraternities to be established during the fuerza phase of the Latino collegiate Greek movement that defined much of the late 1970s and 1980s within the mainland United States. In 1992, Lambda Theta Phi was the first Latino Greek-lettered organization in the U.S. to join the North American Interfraternity Conference, which became the sole national umbrella conference of the fraternity after it rescinded its membership with the National Association of Latino Fraternal Organizations in 2014.

Union Township, Union County, New Jersey
Union Township is a township in Union County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. In the 18th century, the area that is now Union was then called Connecticut Farms. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 59,728, its highest decennial census count ever and an increase of 3,086 (+5.4%) from the 2010 census count of 56,642, which in turn had reflected an increase of 2,237 (+4.1%) from the 54,405 counted at the 2000 census.
William Culp Darrah
William Culp Darrah (1909 – 1989) was an American professor of biology at Gettysburg College in Pennsylvania. He also had an interest in, and published several works on, 19th-century photography.

Born in Reading, Pennsylvania, his was a specialist in paleobotany. Darrah was a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, as well a member of Sigma Xi and the Botanical Society of America.

As an authority on the history of photography, he authored several books about 19th-century photo processes and photographers. As part of his interest in early photography, he assembled a collection of over 60,000 cartes-de-visite, which is now held at Penn State University.

He died in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania.

Sigma Xi
Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Honor Society (ΣΞ) is an international non-profit honor society for scientists and engineers. Sigma Xi was founded at Cornell University by a faculty member and graduate students in 1886 and is one of the oldest honor societies. Membership in Sigma Xi is by invitation only, where members nominate others on the basis of their research achievements or potential. The society was a founding member of the Association of College Honor Societies in 1925, but withdrew in 1933 and, much later, helped form the Honor Society Caucus.
Janet J. Joyce
Janet J. Joyce (née Meece; January 19, 1940 – March 27, 2015) was an American farmer and politician.

Born in Chenoa, Illinois, Joyce went to Reddick High School in Reddick, Illinois. She married Jerome J. Joyce and they lived on a farm in Reddick, Illinois. Jerome J. Joyce served in the Illinois Senate from 1975 until his resignation in April 1992. His wife Janet J. Joyce was appointed to the Illinois Senate and served until January 1993. She was a Democrat. Janet Joyce died at her home in Reddick, Illinois. Thomas A. Dunn succeeded her. Her son, Patrick, was appointed to represent portions of Grundy and Kankakee counties on November 8, 2019.

Chenoa, Illinois
Chenoa is a city in McLean County, Illinois, United States. The population was 1,695 at the 2020 census. The city is located at the intersections of Interstate 55, Historic Route 66, and U.S. Route 24. Founded in 1854 by Mathew T. Scott, Chenoa was created to provide a retail and trade center for his farm tenants as well as a grain shipping facility. The Chenoa Centennial was celebrated in 1954. The town is situated in a highly productive agricultural area. The town school system closed at the end of the 2004 school year, consolidating with the nearby Prairie Central school district.
Laudanosine
Laudanosine or N-methyltetrahydropapaverine is a metabolite of the pharmaceutical drugs atracurium and cisatracurium. Laudanosine decreases the seizure threshold, and thus it can induce seizures if present at sufficient threshold concentrations; however, such concentrations are unlikely to be produced consequent to chemodegradable metabolism of clinically administered doses of cisatracurium or atracurium.

Laudanosine also occurs naturally in minute amounts (0.1%) in opium, from which it was first isolated in 1871. Partial dehydrogenation of laudanosine will lead to papaverine, the alkaloid found in the opium poppy plant (Papaver somniferum).

Laudanosine is a benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloid. It has been shown to interact with GABA receptors, glycine receptors, opioid receptors, and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, but not benzodiazepine or muscarinic receptors, which are also involved in epilepsy and other types of seizures.

Opioid receptor
Opioid receptors are a group of inhibitory G protein-coupled receptors with opioids as ligands. The endogenous opioids are dynorphins, enkephalins, endorphins, endomorphins and nociceptin. The opioid receptors are ~40% identical to somatostatin receptors (SSTRs). Opioid receptors are distributed widely in the brain, in the spinal cord, on peripheral neurons, and digestive tract.
Nikahang Kowsar
Nikahang Kowsar (Persian: نیک‌آهنگ کوثر; born 1969), is an Iranian-Canadian cartoonist, journalist, and blogger, currently living in Washington, D.C., US. Kowsar was also a reformist candidate for the second term of city council of Tehran in 2003, an election won by the conservative candidates of Abadgaran.

He studied Geology in the University of Tehran, and joined Gol-Agha, an Iranian political satire magazine as a cartoonist in 1991. He worked for Hamshahri from 1992 to 1998, and was a member of Newspapers such as "Zan", "Aftab-e Emrooz", "Sobh-e Emrooz", "Akhbar-e Eghtesadi", "Azad", "Bahar", "Bonyan", "Doran-e Emrooz", "Nosazi", "Hayate No", "Abrar-e Eghteadi", "Hambastegi", "Farhang-e Ashti". Most of these papers were banned by Saeed Mortazavi. He was arrested in Feb. 2000 for drawing a cartoon and spent 6 days at the Evin Prison in  Tehran.

Saeed Mortazavi
Saeed Mortazavi (Persian: سعید مرتضوی, born 26 November 1967) is an Iranian conservative politician, former judge and former prosecutor. He was the prosecutor of the Islamic Revolutionary Court, and Prosecutor General of Tehran, a position he held from 2003 to 2009. He has been called as "butcher of the press" and a "torturer of Tehran" by some observers. Mortazavi has been accused of the torture and death in custody of Iranian-Canadian photographer Zahra Kazemi by the Canadian government and was named by 2010 Iranian parliamentary report as the man responsible for the abuse of dozens and death of three political prisoners at Kahrizak detention center in 2009. He was put on trial in February 2013 after a parliamentary committee blamed him for the torture and deaths of at least three detainees who participated in the protests against President Mahmud Ahmadinejad's reelection. On 15 November 2014, he was banned from all political and legal positions for life.
2017 NCAA Division III women's basketball tournament
The 2017 NCAA Division III women's basketball tournament was the 36th annual tournament hosted by the NCAA to determine the national champion of Division III women's collegiate basketball in the United States.

Amherst defeated Tufts in the championship game, 52–29, to claim the Lord Jeffs' second Division III national title and first since 2011.

The championship rounds were hosted by Calvin University at the Van Noord Arena in Grand Rapids, Michigan.

Tufts Jumbos
The Tufts Jumbos are the varsity intercollegiate athletic programs of Tufts University, in Medford, Massachusetts. The Jumbos compete at the NCAA Division III level as a member of the New England Small College Athletic Conference (NESCAC). Like all Division III schools, Tufts does not offer athletic scholarships. Coed and women's sailing are the only Division I sports at the school.

Tufts won the NACDA Directors' Cup in 2021–22 with the most successful athletic programs in NCAA Division III that year.

The University mascot is named for Jumbo the elephant. P.T. Barnum donated this famous circus animal's stuffed hide to Tufts University, where it was displayed at the P.T. Barnum Hall for many years. The hide was destroyed in a fire in April 1975. The salvaged ashes of Jumbo were placed in a peanut butter jar, which continues to serve as a good luck charm for Tufts athletics teams.
Hav & Mar
Hav & Mar is a restaurant in Chelsea, New York City opened by Marcus Samuelsson. The food is described as "Swediopian," a mix of Swedish and Ethiopian primarily serving seafood. The restaurant opened in the Starrett–Lehigh Building in 2022. Its head chef is Fariyal Abdullahi.

Swedish cuisine
Swedish cuisine (Swedish: svenska köket) is the traditional food of Sweden. Due to Sweden's large north-to-south expanse, there are regional differences between the cuisine of North and South Sweden.

Historically, in the far north, meats such as reindeer, and other game dishes were eaten, some of which have their roots in the Sami culture, while fresh vegetables have played a larger role in the South. Many traditional dishes employ simple, contrasting flavours, such as the traditional dish of meatballs and brown cream sauce with tart, pungent lingonberry jam.
Landfill Disposals Tax
The Landfill Disposals Tax (LDT) (Welsh: Treth Gwarediadau Tirlenwi (TGT)) is part of the UK tax system and from 1 April 2018 is collected by the Welsh Revenue Authority and the money is used to support public services in Wales. The Landfill Disposals Tax replaced Landfill Tax in Wales from 1 April 2018. The Landfill Disposals Tax (Wales) Act 2017, which received Royal Assent on 7 September 2017, is a tax on the disposal of waste to landfill and is charged by weight. The Welsh Revenue Authority has collected and manages both the Land Transaction Tax and Landfill Disposals Tax in Wales since 2018.

There are 3 rates of LDT:

Lower rate for materials which meet the conditions set out in the Landfill Disposals Tax (Wales) Act 2017

Standard rate for all other material

Unauthorised disposals rate. This is for taxable disposals made at places other than authorised landfill sites.

Taxation in the United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom, taxation may involve payments to at least three different levels of government: central government (HM Revenue and Customs), devolved governments and local government. Central government revenues come primarily from income tax, National Insurance contributions, value added tax, corporation tax and fuel duty. Local government revenues come primarily from grants from central government funds, business rates in England, Council Tax and increasingly from fees and charges such as those for on-street parking. In the fiscal year 2023–24, total government revenue was forecast to be £1,139.1 billion, or 40.9 per cent of GDP, with income taxes and National Insurance contributions standing at around £470 billion.
C. C. N. Barron
Clarke Charles Netterville Barron (20 August 1834 – 10 July 1911) was the chief reporter of Parliamentary Debates (Hansard) for the New Zealand Parliament for 29 years from 1867. He established the first team of Hansard reporters in New Zealand and set up systems for recording and publishing debates. He was also responsible for the first published compilation of New Zealand Speakers' Rulings and he was secretary to the Board of Civil Service Examiners for many years.

Royal Society of New Zealand
The Royal Society of New Zealand, branded as the Royal Society Te Apārangi, is a not-for-profit body in New Zealand providing funding and policy advice in the fields of sciences and the humanities. These fundings (i.e., Marsden grants and research fellowships) are provided on behalf of the New Zealand Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment.
Suba District
Suba District was an administrative district in the former Nyanza Province of Kenya. Its capital town was Mbita Point. The district had a population of 155,666 and an area of 1,055 km2 . Suba district was named after the Suba people, who inhabit local Rusinga and Mfangano Islands.

The district had two constituencies: Mbita Constituency and Gwassi .

In line with the new Kenyan constitution of 2010, Suba district is now part of Homa Bay County.

Rusinga Island
Rusinga Island, with an elongated shape approximately 10 miles (16 km) from end to end and 3 miles (5 km) at its widest point, lies in the eastern part of Lake Victoria at the mouth of the Winam Gulf. Part of Kenya, it is linked to Mbita Point on the mainland by the new Rusinga-Mbita bridge which replaced the old causeway.
Crooked Creek (Illinois)
Crooked Creek is a tributary of the Kaskaskia River in the U.S. state of Illinois.   After rising in Marion County, it flows into Clinton County, and then forms part of the border between Clinton County and Washington County.  After this border service, the creek discharges into the Kaskaskia River.  
The creek drains the city of Centralia, and take the discharges from two reservoirs that serve Centralia, Lake Centralia and Raccoon Lake.

Marion County, Illinois
Marion County is a county located in the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 census, it had a population of 37,729. Its county seat is Salem. Marion County comprises the Centralia, IL Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the St. Louis-St. Charles-Farmington, MO-IL Combined Statistical Area.
Gwadar Development Authority
Gwadar Development Authority (GDA;Urdu: گوادر ڈویلپمنٹ اتھارٹی) is a public and government sector corporation responsible for providing municipal services in Gwadar City (Southwestern Arabian Sea Coastline of Pakistan), established in October 2003, to improve, enhancement and implement the master plan for Gwadar city.

Land management
Land management is the process of managing the use and development of land resources. Those resources are used for a variety of purposes for example agriculture, forestry, water resource management, human settlements and tourism. One aim of land management is to prevent or reverse land degradation. Another aim is to ensure water security by increasing soil moisture availability, decreasing surface runoff, and decreasing soil erosion. Unsustainable land managements leads to land being over- or misused which in turn degrades the land, reduces productivity and disrupts natural equilibriums.
The Helmet of Navarre
The Helmet of Navarre is a historical novel by American writer Bertha Runkle published in 1901. It first appeared in serial form in the magazine The Century Magazine in 1900. Later, she adapted the novel for the stage.

The Century Magazine
The Century Magazine was an illustrated monthly magazine first published in the United States in 1881 by The Century Company of New York City, which had been bought in that year by Roswell Smith and renamed by him after the Century Association. It was the successor of Scribner's Monthly Magazine. It was merged into The Forum in 1930.
Stanley Chioza
Stanley Chioza (born 28 May 1981) is a former Zimbabwean cricketer. A right-handed batsman and right-arm medium-fast bowler, he played four first-class matches for Manicaland during the 2003–04 Logan Cup. As of 2021, he is an assistant coach of the Southern Rocks.

Manicaland cricket team
The Manicaland cricket team was a first-class cricket team representing the Manicaland province in Zimbabwe. They competed in the Logan Cup from 1999 until the format was revamped after the 2004–05 season. The club played their home matches at the Mutare Sports Club.
Henry Roberts (rugby union)
Henry Roberts (1862 – 1 January 1949) was a New Zealand rugby union player. A halfback, Roberts represented Wellington and Canterbury at a provincial level, and was a member of the first New Zealand national side, the All Blacks, in 1884. He played seven matches for the All Blacks, none of them internationals. His son Teddy, also a halfback, was a member of the All Blacks in 1913, making them the team's first father–son representatives.

Following the death of James O'Donnell in 1942, Roberts held the distinction of being the oldest living All Black.

Roberts also played first-class cricket for Wellington between 1883 and 1890.

Wellington Rugby Football Union
The Wellington Rugby Football Union (known as the Wellington Lions for competition reasons) are a New Zealand governing body of rugby union in the New Zealand province of Wellington Region. The main stadium is Sky Stadium (formerly named Westpac Stadium) which is located in Wellington. The union also represents the Wellington Lions, which is professional rugby union team who compete in the National Provincial Championship competition and contest for the Ranfurly Shield. Before 2006 the Lions competed in the original National Provincial Championship.
Safaabad
Safaabad (Persian: صفااباد, also Romanized as Şafāābād) is a village in Doab Rural District, Bazoft District, Kuhrang County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 254, in 44 families. The village is populated by Lurs.

Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province
Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province (Persian: استان چهارمحال و بختیاری) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Its capital is the city of Shahr-e Kord. The province lies in the southwest of the country, with an area of 16,332 square kilometers.

The province was classified as part of Region 2 upon the division of the provinces into 5 regions solely for coordination and development purposes on June 22, 2014.

Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province lies in the heart of the Zagros Mountains, a mountain range that stretches across north-western Iran and forms a natural barrier between Iran and Iraq.
William Howard Taft National Historic Site
William Howard Taft National Historic Site is a historic house at 2038 Auburn Avenue in the Mount Auburn Historic District of Cincinnati, Ohio, a mile (1.6 km) north of Downtown. It was the birthplace and childhood home of William Howard Taft, the 27th president and the 10th chief justice of the United States. It is a two-story Greek Revival house built circa 1845.

Downtown Cincinnati
Downtown Cincinnati is one of the 52 neighborhoods of Cincinnati, Ohio. It is the central business district of the city, as well as the economic and symbiotic center of the Cincinnati metropolitan area. Originally the densely populated core of the city, the neighborhood was transformed into a commercial zone in the mid-20th century. The population was 5,835 at the 2020 census.
Jameh Mosque of Takab
The Jāmeh Mosque of Takab (Persian: مسجد جامع تکاب; Arabic: جامع تكاب) is a Shi'ite Friday mosque (jāmeh) located on Imam Khomeini Street in Takab, in the province of West Azerbaijan, Iran. The mosque was completed during the Qajar era.

The mosque was added to the Iran National Heritage List on 31 December 2002, administered by the Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization of Iran.

Iran National Heritage List
Iran National Heritage List is a register of nationally significant monuments, places, buildings, events, etc., officially registered under the National Heritage Preservation Act of 1930. According to Article 1 of this law, "All the industrial monuments and buildings that were built up to the end of the Zand dynasty in the country of Iran, including movable and immovable in accordance with Article 13 of this law, can be considered as national heritage of Iran and under the protection and supervision of the state."

After 25 years, on 1 February 1956, with the registration of the Golestan Palace, the ban on the registration of works related to the Qajar era was practically lifted and subsequently the official list of these monuments was published under the current name.