hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Deaths in October 2013
The following is a list of notable deaths in October 2013.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship and reason for notability, established cause of death, reference.

Seanad Éireann
53°20′26″N 6°15′14″W﻿ / ﻿53.34055°N 6.254021°W﻿ / 53.34055; -6.254021
Seanad Éireann (/ˈʃænəd ˈɛərən, ˈʃænəð/ ⓘ SHAN-əd(h) AIR-ən; Irish: [ˈʃan̪ˠəd̪ˠ ˈeːɾʲən̪ˠ]; "Senate of Ireland") is the upper house of the Oireachtas (the Irish legislature), which also comprises the President of Ireland and Dáil Éireann (the lower house).

It is commonly called the Seanad or Senate and its members are known as senators (Irish: seanadóirí, singular: seanadóir). Unlike Dáil Éireann, it is not directly elected but consists of a mixture of members chosen by various methods. Its powers are much weaker than those of the Dáil and it can only delay laws with which it disagrees, rather than veto them outright. It can introduce new legislation. Since its establishment, it has been located in Leinster House.
Prussian G 12
The Prussian G 12 is a 1'E 2-10-0 goods train locomotive built for the Prussian state railways (Preußische Staatseisenbahnen).

It had been shown during the First World War that, from a servicing and maintenance point of view, it was a great disadvantage for each state railway to have its own locomotive classes with no standardization. Even spare parts for locos of the same class often did not fit their sister locos. In addition, the military railways needed a fast, powerful, goods locomotive that did not have a high axle load.

Freight train
A freight train, goods train, or cargo train, is a railway train that is used to carry cargo, as opposed to passengers. Freight trains are made up of one or more locomotives which provide propulsion, along with one or more railroad cars (also known as wagons) which carry freight. A wide variety of cargoes are carried on trains, but the low friction inherent to rail transport means that freight trains are especially suited to carrying bulk and heavy loads over longer distances.
2017–18 Scottish League Cup
The 2017–18 Scottish League Cup  (also known as the Betfred Cup for sponsorship reasons) was the 72nd season of Scotland's second-most prestigious football knockout competition.

The format for the 2017–18 competition remained the same as that which was introduced in the previous season's competition.

It began with eight groups of five teams which included all Scottish Professional Football League (SPFL) clubs, excluding those competing in Champions League and Europa League qualifiers, as well as the winners of the 2016–17 Highland Football League (Buckie Thistle) and the 2016–17 Lowland Football League (East Kilbride).

The competition was won by Celtic, who beat Motherwell 2–0 in the final on 26 November 2017.

Betfred
Betfred Group Holdings Limited is a bookmaker based in the United Kingdom, founded by Fred Done. It was first established as a single betting shop in Ordsall, Salford, in 1967. Its turnover in 2004 was reported to be more than £3.5 billion, having risen from £550 million in 2003 and has continued to grow to over £10 billion in 2018–2019. Following a drop in 2020 and 2021 as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic, published turnover for the year to September 2022 was £8.8 billion.

It has its head office is in Birchwood, Warrington, and also has offices in Media City, Salford Quays, Salford.

Betfred.com, the company's online gambling site, is based in Gibraltar and registered as Petfre (Gibraltar) Limited.
Adams Island (Nunavut)
Adams Island (Inuit: Tuujjuk) is an uninhabited island in the Qikiqtaaluk Region of Nunavut, Canada. The island is located in Baffin Bay off the northeastern coast of Baffin Island in the Arctic Archipelago. Nearby are Dexterity Island (northeast), Dexterity Fiord and Baffin Island (east), Tromso Fiord (south), Paterson Inlet (west), Bergesen Island (northwest), and Isbjorn Strait (north).

Adams Island is irregularly shaped, its eastern and western sides split by the Ratcliffe Arm. Coastlines slope sharply while the interior mountains are over 800 m (2,600 ft) in height. The island comprises an area of 267 km2 (103 sq mi), measuring 30.55 kilometres (18.98 mi) in length and 18 kilometres (11 mi) to 22 kilometres (14 mi) in width.

Another, much smaller, Adams Island is located off the northeastern tip of Baffin Island.

Baffin Bay
Baffin Bay (Inuktitut: ᓴᒃᓂᕈᑎᐊᒃ ᐃᒪᖓ Saknirutiak Imanga; Greenlandic: Avannaata Imaa; French: Baie de Baffin; Danish: Baffinsbugten), located between Baffin Island and the west coast of Greenland, is defined by the International Hydrographic Organization as a marginal sea of the Arctic Ocean.: Art.23  It is sometimes considered a sea of the North Atlantic Ocean. It is connected to the Atlantic via the Davis Strait and the Labrador Sea. The narrower Nares Strait connects Baffin Bay with the Arctic Ocean. The bay is not navigable most of the year because of the ice cover and high density of floating ice and icebergs in the open areas. However, a polynya of about 80,000 km2 (31,000 sq mi), known as the North Water, opens in summer on the north near Smith Sound. Most of the aquatic life of the bay is concentrated near that region.
Tell Dam
Tell Dam (Arabic: تل دم)  is a Syrian village located in Sinjar Nahiyah in Maarrat al-Nu'man District, Idlib.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Tell Dam had a population of 94 in the 2004 census.

Sinjar Subdistrict
Sinjar Subdistrict (Arabic: ناحية سنجار)  is a Syrian nahiyah (subdistrict) located in Ma'arrat al-Nu'man District in Idlib.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), it had a population of 33,721 in the 2004 census.
Smash Sumthin'
"Smash Sumthin'" is a song by American rapper Redman featuring English record producer Adam F. It was released on July 3, 2001, by Def Jam Recordings as the second single from the rapper's fifth solo studio album, Malpractice, and on August 19, 2002, by Kaos Recordings as the third single from the producer's second studio album, Kaos: The Anti-Acoustic Warfare. The recording sessions took place at Mirror Image Studios in New York City, with production handled by Adam F and DJ Destruction.

In the United States, the song peaked at No. 87 on the Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart and No. 24 on the Hot Rap Songs chart. In the United Kingdom, it reached number 11 on the UK Singles Chart, number 3 on the UK Dance Singles chart, and topped the UK Hip Hop and R&B Singles chart. It also made it to No. 45 in the Netherlands and No. 98 in Switzerland.

Def Jam Recordings
Def Jam Recordings (also simply known as Def Jam) is an American multinational record label owned by Universal Music Group. It is based in Manhattan, New York City, specializing predominantly in hip-hop, contemporary R&B, soul and pop.

The label has a London-based, UK arm known as 0207 Def Jam (formerly Def Jam UK in the 1990s until the mid-2000s) and is currently operated through EMI Records. It has a Johannesburg, South Africa and Lagos, Nigeria-based arm known as Def Jam Africa.
ITEC
ITEC is an acronym or abbreviation with several meanings:

Indian Technical and Economic Cooperation Programme, India's foreign aid development program

Induced thymic epithelial cell, a type of stem cell

International Therapy Examination Council, an international examination board offering a variety of qualifications worldwide

International Turbine Engine Corporation, a joint venture company between Honeywell and Aerospace Industrial Development Corporation

Inter-Tribal Environmental Council, a consortium of over 40 Native American tribes in Oklahoma, New Mexico and Texas

Into the Electric Castle, an album by progressive metal musical project Ayreon

ITEC Kasaragod, the Information Technology Education Centre, affiliated with Kannur University, Kannur, India

Indigenous People's Technology and Education Center, a not-for-profit organization in Dunnellon, Florida

International Tuba Euphonium Conference

Indian Technical and Economic Cooperation Programme
Indian Technical and Economic Cooperation Programme (ITEC) is a bilateral assistance programme run by the Government of India. It is a demand-driven, response-oriented programme that focuses on addressing the needs of developing countries through innovative technological cooperation between India and the partnering nation. Along with its corollary the Special Commonwealth Assistance for Africa Programme, ITEC covers 158 countries across Asia, Africa, Latin America, Central and Eastern Europe, and several Pacific and Caribbean nations. Since its inception, the programme has spent over US$ 2 billion and benefited thousands of students and professionals from around the globe and annual expenditure on the programme has averaged US$ 150 million in recent years.
Episcopal Conference of Malawi
The Episcopal Conference of Malawi (ECM), established in 1961, is the episcopal conference of the Catholic Church in Malawi. Constituent bodies of the ECM are: the plenary assembly of bishops, the Catholic Secretariat and six committees (Catholic development, justice and peace, education, health, pastoral care and communications).

The conference involves the bishops of Blantyre, Chikwawa, Dedza, Karonga, Lilongwe, Mangochi, Mzuzu and Zomba.

The ECM is a member of the Association of Member Episcopal Conferences in Eastern Africa (AMECEA) and Symposium of Episcopal Conferences of Africa and Madagascar (SECAM).

Symposium of Episcopal Conferences of Africa and Madagascar
The Symposium of Episcopal Conferences of Africa and Madagascar or SECAM (French: Symposium des Conférences Épiscopales d'Afrique et de Madagascar) is an agency of the Catholic Church that comprises the bishops of Africa.
Jeffrey Jay
Jeffrey Jay (born 1988) is an American comedian, writer, and public speaker. In 2011, The Advocate placed him on their list 7 Funny LGBT Comics You Shouldn’t Have Missed. In 2013, he was a finalist for Funniest Comedian in Texas; the same year, The Advocate named him one of the 5 Hottest Transgender Comedians. In television, Jay has appeared on the CW's The Eye Opener. Jay has spoken and performer at universities around the country, including Ramapo College of New Jersey; the University of New Haven in Connecticut; Hilbert College in Hamburg, New York; Wilson College in Chambersburg, Pennsylvania; Lake Superior State University in Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan; Wayne State University in Detroit, Michigan; Longwood University in Farmville, Virginia, Eastern Illinois University, and the University of Delaware.

Hilbert College
Hilbert College is a private Franciscan college in Hamburg, New York. The college is named after Colette Hilbert of the Franciscan Sisters of Saint Joseph, who founded the school in 1957 to train teachers. Hilbert College enrolls approximately 800 students and grants undergraduate and master's degrees.
Nitya Seva
Nitya Seva is an association based in Bensheim which aims to give help to the disadvantaged sections of the society for their social-financial upliftment and in the areas of health awareness, cultural exchange and support during crises. It was formed by Claus D. von der Fink on 13 June 1998 in Germany.

Bensheim
Bensheim (German pronunciation: [ˈbɛnsˌhaɪm] ⓘ) is a town in the Bergstraße district in southern Hessen, Germany. Bensheim lies on the Bergstraße and at the edge of the Odenwald mountains while at the same time having an open view over the Rhine plain. With about 40,000 inhabitants (2016), it is the district's biggest town.
Dunay (inhabited locality)
Dunay (Russian: Дуна́й) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.

Urban localities

Dunay, Primorsky Krai, an urban-type settlement under the administrative jurisdiction of Fokino City Under Krai Jurisdiction, Primorsky Krai

Rural localities

Dunay, Leningrad Oblast, a logging depot settlement under the administrative jurisdiction of Morozovskoye Settlement Municipal Formation, Vsevolozhsky District, Leningrad Oblast

Dunay, Tver Oblast, a village in Vyshnevolotsky District of Tver Oblast

Dunay, Vologda Oblast, a village in Berezovsky Selsoviet of Nyuksensky District of Vologda Oblast

Vologda Oblast
Vologda Oblast (Russian: Вологодская область, romanized: Vologodskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [vəlɐˈɡotskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]; Veps: Vologdan agj) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is Vologda. The oblast has a population of 1,202,444 (2010 Census). The largest city is Cherepovets, the home of the Severstal metallurgical plant, the largest industrial enterprise in the oblast.

Vologda Oblast is home to many historic monuments, such as the Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery, Ferapontov Monastery (a World Heritage Site) with the frescoes of Dionisius, the two medieval towns of Velikiy Ustyug and Belozersk, and the baroque churches of Totma and Ustyuzhna.

Large reserves of wood and fresh water are the main natural resources.
Vilhelm Frimann Christie Bøgh
Vilhelm Frimann Christie Bøgh (2 June 1817 – 1 July 1888) was a Norwegian archivist.

He was a son of district stipendiary magistrate Christopher Benedict Bøgh (1773–1825) and his wife Andrea Perbøl (1785–1859). Having lost his father at an early age, he was raised by Wilhelm Frimann Koren Christie. He started his career as an assistant in the National Archival Services of Norway, and in 1854 he was hired as the diocesan archivist in the Diocese of Trondhjem. He was also a school teacher in Trondhjem, as well as a theatre instructor. He was known as a "prominent personality in the social life of Trondhjem".

In April 1854 in Fresvik he married Jensine Dorothea Hille (1823–1914), a sister of bishop Arnoldus Hille. He was a brother of jurist Ole Bøgh, and thus the uncle of Johan and Albert Vilhelm Bøgh. He died in July 1888 in Trondhjem.

Diocese of Nidaros
Nidaros is a diocese in the Lutheran Church of Norway. It covers Trøndelag county in Central Norway and its cathedral city is Trondheim, which houses the well-known Nidaros Cathedral.  Since 10 September 2017, the Bishop of Nidaros is Herborg Finnset.  The bishop preses, currently Olav Fykse Tveit is also based at the Nidaros Cathedral.  The diocese is divided into nine deaneries (prosti).  While the bishop preses holds episcopal responsibility within the Nidaros domprosti (deanery) in Trondheim, the bishop of Nidaros holds episcopal authority of the other eight deaneries as well as the language based parish of the Southern Sámi.
COVID-19 misinformation in Canada
This timeline includes entries on the spread of COVID-19 misinformation  and  conspiracy theories related to the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada. This includes investigations into the origin of COVID-19, and the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 which is caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2. Social media apps and platforms, including Facebook, TikTok, Telegram, and YouTube, have contributed to the spread of misinformation. The Canadian Anti-Hate Network (CAHN) reported that conspiracy theories related to COVID-19 began on "day one". CAHN reported on March 16, 2020, that far-right groups in Canada were taking advantage of the climate of anxiety and fear surrounding COVID, to recycle variations of conspiracies from the 1990s, that people had shared over shortwave radio. COVID-19 disinformation is intentional and seeks to create uncertainty and confusion. But most of the misinformation is shared online unintentionally by enthusiastic participants who are politically active.

Royal Society of Canada
The Royal Society of Canada (RSC; French: Société royale du Canada, SRC), also known as the Academies of Arts, Humanities, and Sciences of Canada (French: Académies des arts, des lettres et des sciences du Canada), is the senior national, bilingual council of distinguished Canadian scholars, humanists, scientists, and artists in Canada.

As Canada's national academy, the RSC exists to promote Canadian research and scholarly accomplishment in both of Canada's official languages; advise governments, non-governmental organizations, and Canadians generally on matters of public interest; recognize academic and artistic excellence; and mentor young scholars and artists.
Brooklyn Elevated Railroad
The Brooklyn Elevated Railroad was an elevated railroad company in Brooklyn, New York City, United States. It operated from 1885 until 1899, when it was merged into the Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company-controlled Brooklyn Union Elevated Railroad.

Elevated railway
An elevated railway or elevated train (also known as an el train or el for short) is a railway with the tracks above street level on a viaduct or other elevated structure (usually constructed from steel, cast iron, concrete, or bricks). The railway may be a broad-gauge, standard-gauge or narrow-gauge railway, rapid transit, light rail, monorail, or a suspension railway. Elevated railways are normally found in urban areas that would otherwise require impracticably many level crossings. Usually, the tracks of elevated railways that run on steel viaducts can be seen from street level.
Manly Warringah Sea Eagles (basketball)
Manly Warringah Sea Eagles is an Australian basketball club based in Narrabeen, Australia. The Sea Eagles play in the NBL1 East conference within the Australian NBL1. The men's team is coached by Tim Hill.

Narrabeen
Narrabeen is a beachside suburb of northern Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, 23 kilometres northeast of the business district, shared by the local government area of Northern Beaches Council and the Northern Beaches region. The bay was named Broken Bay by James Cook as he sailed past.
Heimin
Heimin (平民) is the Japanese word for commoner. The word first came into use towards the end of the Edo period to denote people who were born without any social privileges, contrasting them with shizoku. Heimin mostly consisted of farmers, artisans and merchants.

Commoner
A commoner, also known as the common man, commoners, the common people or the masses, was in earlier use an ordinary person in a community or nation who did not have any significant social status, especially a member of neither royalty, nobility, nor any part of the aristocracy. Depending on culture and period, other elevated persons (such members of clergy) may have had higher social status in their own right, or were regarded as commoners if lacking an aristocratic background.

This class overlaps with the legal class of people who have a property interest in common land, a longstanding feature of land law in England and Wales. Commoners who have rights for a particular common are typically neighbors, not the public in general.

In monarchist terminology, aristocracy and nobility are included in the term.
Oriental Orthodoxy in Iraq
Oriental Orthodoxy is the second largest Christian denomination in Iraq after the collective Eastern Catholic Churches. It includes the Syriac Orthodox Church, headed by a patriarch in Damascus, and the Armenian Apostolic Church, which serves the population of Armenians in Iraq. A sizable population have fled from Iraq following the US invasion and subsequent conflicts. Most Oriental Orthodox Christians are of ethnic Iraqi-Assyrian heritage, who make up about 500,000. The other significant minority of Oriental Orthodox Christians are ethnic Armenians. Christians are present in Baghdad, Basra, Mosul and northern Iraq.

Assyrians in Iraq
Iraqi Assyrians (Syriac: ܣܘܪ̈ܝܐ ܕܥܝܪܐܩ, Arabic: آشوريو العراق, Kurdish: ئاشوورییەکانی عێراق) are an ethnic and linguistic minority group, indigenous to Upper Mesopotamia. They are defined as Assyrians residing in the country of Iraq, or members of the Assyrian diaspora who are of Iraqi-Assyrian heritage. They share a common history and ethnic identity, rooted in shared linguistic, cultural and religious traditions, with Assyrians in Iran, Turkey and Syria, as well as with the Assyrian diaspora elsewhere. A significant number have emigrated to the United States, notably to the Detroit and Chicago; sizeable communities are also found in Sydney, Australia and Södertälje, Sweden.
Manitoba Provincial Road 241
Provincial Road 241 (PR 241) is a short provincial road in Manitoba, Canada. It begins at Winnipeg's Perimeter Highway (PTH 100) and runs east into the Rural Municipality of Headingley, ending at PR 334 south (Harris Road).

PR 241 is a western extension of Roblin Boulevard running along the south side of the Assiniboine River, used mostly by local residents and as an alternate to Portage Avenue (PTH 1) between Winnipeg and Headingley.

Perimeter Highway
Provincial Trunk Highway 100 (PTH 100) and Provincial Trunk Highway 101 (PTH 101), collectively known as the Perimeter Highway, form a beltway around the Canadian city of Winnipeg, Manitoba. The Perimeter Highway is approximately 90 kilometres (56 mi) in length and serves as a ring road around Winnipeg for through traffic. It is often considered by local residents to be the city's unofficial boundary, although approximately three-quarters of the Perimeter Highway actually lies in the other municipalities within the Winnipeg Metropolitan Region.
Salah Al Din (Dubai Metro)
Salah Al Din (Arabic: صلاح الدين) is a rapid transit station on the Green Line of the Dubai Metro in the Deira area of Dubai, UAE.

The station opened as part of the Green Line on 9 September 2011.

The station is close to the Reef Mall and Al Ghurair Center. The station is also close to a number of bus routes.

Al Ghurair Group
Al Ghurair Group (Arabic: مجموعة سيف الغرير), also known as Saif Al Ghurair Group, is a Dubai, United Arab Emirates–based business group founded by the Al Ghurair family. A diverse conglomerate, it has operations in the Middle East, North Africa, Europe and North America. The grandsons of Al Ghurair Group founder Ahmad Al Ghurair run the group. Abdul Rahman Saif Al Ghurair is chairman and Majid Saif Al Ghurair is the chief executive officer.
Tulio Febres Cordero
Tulio Antonio Febres-Cordero Troconis (May 31, 1860 – June 3, 1938) was a Venezuelan writer, historian, university professor and journalist.

As a topographer, he developed the technique imagotipia (1885), or art to represent images with typefaces. He taught "Universal history" at the University of the Andes and made a fundamental contribution to the intellectual culture of Venezuela, by studying the history of Mérida.

Mérida (state)
The State of Mérida commonly known simply as Mérida (Spanish: Estado Bolivariano de Mérida, IPA: [esˈtaðo ðe ˈmeɾiða]) is one of the 23 states of Venezuela. The state capital is Mérida, in the Libertador Municipality.

Located in the Western Andean Region, Mérida State covers a total surface area of 11,300 square kilometres (4,363 sq mi), making it the fifteenth-largest in Venezuela. In 2011, had a census population of 828,592, the fourteenth most populous.
Goodenia quadrifida
Goodenia quadrifida is a species of flowering plant in the family Goodeniaceae and is endemic to a restricted part of the Northern Territory. It is an ascending herb with glabrous foliage, narrow oblong to lance-shaped leaves at the base of the plant and racemes of purplish-brown flowers.

Goodeniaceae
Goodeniaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Asterales. It contains about 404 species in twelve genera. The family is distributed mostly in Australia, except for the genus Scaevola, which is pantropical. Its species are found across most of Australia, being especially common in arid and semi-arid climates.