hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Comanche language
Comanche (English: /kəˈmæntʃi/, endonym Nʉmʉ Tekwapʉ̲) is a Uto-Aztecan language spoken by the Comanche, who split from the Shoshone soon after the Comanche had acquired horses around 1705. The Comanche language and the Shoshoni language are quite similar, but certain consonant changes in Comanche have inhibited mutual intelligibility.

The name Comanche comes from the Ute word kɨmantsi "enemy, stranger". Their own name for the language is nʉmʉ tekwapʉ, which means "language of the people".

Fortis and lenis
In linguistics, fortis (/ˈfɔːrtɪs/ ⓘ FOR-tiss; Latin for 'strong') and lenis (/ˈliːnɪs/ ⓘ, /ˈlɛnɪs/ LEE-niss, LEN-iss; Latin for 'weak'), sometimes identified with 'tense' and 'lax', are pronunciations of consonants with relatively greater and lesser energy, respectively. English has fortis consonants, such as the p in pat, with a corresponding lenis consonant, such as the b in bat. Fortis and lenis consonants may be distinguished by tenseness or other characteristics, such as voicing, aspiration, glottalization, velarization, length, and length of nearby vowels. Fortis and lenis were coined for languages where the contrast between sounds such as 'p' and 'b' does not involve voicing (vibration of the vocal cords).
Toskić
Toskić (Serbian Cyrillic: Тоскић) is a South-Slavic surname. It may be a matronymic derived from Toska, a diminutive of Teodosija and Teodora. According to Halil Bicaj, this surname is derived from Albanian ethnic subgroup of Tosks.

Matronymic
A matronymic is a personal name or a parental name based on the given name of one's mother, grandmother, or any female ancestor. It is the female equivalent of a patronymic. Around the world, matronymic surnames are far less common than patronymic surnames. In some cultures in the past, matronymic last names were often given to children of unwed mothers. Additionally, if a woman was especially well known or powerful, her descendants might adopt a matronym based on her name. A matronymic is a derived name, as compared to a matriname, which is an inherited name from a mother's side of the family, and which is unchanged.
Kings Tournament
The Kings Tournament (Romanian: Turneul Regilor) is an international chess tournament contested annually since 2007 in Romania. The tournament is organised by the Bucharest chess club Elisabeta Polihroniade and the company Romgaz.

Elisabeta Polihroniade
Elisabeta Polihroniade (Romanian pronunciation: [elisaˈbeta polihroniˈade]; née Ionescu; 24 April 1935 – 23 January 2016) was a Romanian chess player holding the title of Woman Grandmaster (WGM), and an International Arbiter (1986). She was born in Bucharest.

She won the Romanian Women's Championship in 1966, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1975, 1976 and 1977. Polihroniade played for Romania in the Women's Chess Olympiads of 1966, 1969, 1972, 1974, 1978, 1980, 1982, 1984, 1986 and 1988.

Her peak rating was 2391, achieved in February 1992,.

Polihroniade was a journalist and broadcaster, with her own daily radio programme on contemporary culture. She was the editor of Gambit, the Romanian chess magazine, and wrote many books.
Langton Island
Langton Island is a small, uninhabited island of the Sir Joseph Banks Group in Spencer Gulf, South Australia. The Island was named by Captain Matthew Flinders during his exploration of South Australia's coastline in 1802. Langton Island was named after Langton Hall in Lincolnshire. A "huge" breeding colony of Fairy terns was found on Langton Island by naturalists from the McCoy Society in 1937. Fishermen have caught whiting in nearby waters.

Fairy tern
The fairy tern (Sternula nereis) is a small tern which is native to the southwestern Pacific. It is listed as vulnerable by the IUCN and the New Zealand subspecies is critically endangered. Fairy terns live in colonies along the coastlines and estuaries of Australia, New Zealand, and New Caledonia, feeding largely on small, epipelagic schooling fishes, breeding in areas close to their feeding sites. They have a monogamous mating system, forming breeding pairs in which they mate, nest, and care for offspring.

There are three subspecies:

Australian fairy tern, Sternula nereis nereis (Gould, 1843) – breeds in Australia

New Caledonian fairy tern, Sternula nereis exsul (Mathews, 1912) – breeds in New Caledonia

New Zealand fairy tern / Tara iti, Sternula nereis davisae (Mathews & Iredale, 1913) – breeds in northern New Zealand

The three subspecies are distinguished by geographical range, and slight morphological differences. Gene flow between subspecies is little to none.
Birchdale, Minnesota
Birchdale is an unincorporated community in Koochiching County, Minnesota, United States.

The community is located between International Falls and Baudette on State Highway 11 (MN 11), 42 miles west of International Falls and 26 miles east of Baudette, within Northwest Koochiching Unorganized Territory

Franz Jevne State Park and the Rainy River are both in the vicinity.

Popular events include the annual 4 July and Holiday Lights parades.

International Falls, Minnesota
International Falls (sometimes referred to as I-Falls) is a city in and the county seat of Koochiching County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 5,802 at the time of the 2020 census.

International Falls is located on the Rainy River directly across from Fort Frances, Ontario, Canada. The two cities are connected by the Fort Frances–International Falls International Bridge. Voyageurs National Park is located 11 miles east of International Falls. There is a major U.S. Customs and Border Protection Port of Entry on the International Falls side of the toll bridge and a Canadian Customs entry point on the north side of the bridge.

International Falls is nicknamed the "Icebox of the Nation", with an average of 109.4 days per year with a high temperature below 32 °F (0 °C).
HMS Newport
Four ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Newport  after the Welsh city of Newport:

HMS Newport (1694) was a 24-gun sixth rate captured by the French in 1694.

HMS Newport was a 24-gun sixth rate launched in 1695 as HMS Orford. She was renamed HMS Newport in 1698 and was sold in 1718.

HMS Newport (1867) was a Philomel-class wooden screw gunvessel launched in 1867 and completed in 1868 as a survey vessel.  She was sold into civilian service in 1881 and was renamed Pandora.

HMS Newport (G54) was a Town-class destroyer transferred from the United States Navy in 1940.  She was lent to the Royal Norwegian Navy between 1941 and 1942 and then became an aircraft target ship in 1943. She was sold for scrapping in 1947.

Survey vessel
A survey vessel is any type of ship or boat that is used for underwater surveys, usually to collect data for mapping or planning underwater construction or mineral extraction. It is a type of research vessel, and may be designed for the purpose, modified for the purpose or temporarily put into the service as a vessel of opportunity, and may be crewed, remotely operated, or autonomous. The size and equipment vary to suit the task and availability.
Maxim Vylegzhanin
Maxim Mikhailovich Vylegzhanin (Russian: Максим Михайлович Вылегжанин; born 18 October 1982) is a Russian former cross country skier and a three-time Olympic silver medalist at the 2014 Sochi Olympics in 50 km freestyle, 4 × 10 km relay and team sprint. He was stripped of his 2014 Olympic medals by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) on 9 November 2017, however on 1 February 2018, his results were restored as a result of the successful appeal.

Vylegzhanin has competed since 2002. His first World Cup start was on 22 January 2005 in Pragelato, Italy. He won a silver medal in the 50 km event (time: 1:59:38:8 – average speed 25,1 km/h) at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2009 in Liberec.

Liberec
Liberec (Czech pronunciation: [ˈlɪbɛrɛts] ⓘ; German: Reichenberg) is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 108,000 inhabitants, making it the fifth largest city in the country. It lies on the Lusatian Neisse River, in a basin surrounded by mountains. The city centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.

Liberec was once home to a thriving textile industry and hence nicknamed the "Manchester of Bohemia". A symbol of the city and the main landmark of the panorama of Liberec is the Ještěd Tower. Since the end of the 19th century, the city has been a conurbation with the suburb of Vratislavice nad Nisou and the neighbouring city of Jablonec nad Nisou.
Clarence, New Zealand
Clarence is a small town in Canterbury, in the South Island of New Zealand. It was named after King William IV of the United Kingdom, who prior to his accession was Duke of Clarence.

It lies on State Highway 1, about 30 km (19 mi) north of Kaikōura, near the mouth of the Waiau Toa / Clarence River.

State Highway 1 (New Zealand)
State Highway 1 (SH 1) is the longest and most significant road in the New Zealand road network, running the length of both main islands. It appears on road maps as SH 1 and on road signs as a white number 1 on a red shield, but it has the  official designations SH 1N in the North Island and SH 1S in the South Island.

SH 1 is 2,006 kilometres (1,246 mi) long, 1,074 km (667 mi) in the North Island and 932 km (579 mi) in the South Island. Since 2010 new roads have reduced the length from 2,033 km (1,263 mi). For the majority of its length it is a two-lane single carriageway, with at-grade intersections and property accesses, in both rural and urban areas. These sections have some passing lanes. Around 315 km (196 mi) of SH 1 is of motorway or expressway standard as of August 2022: 281 km (175 mi) in the North Island and 34 km (21 mi) in the South Island.
AN/SPS-10
AN/SPS-10 is a two-dimensional surface-search radar manufactured by Raytheon Technologies. It was used by the US Navy after World War II and was equipped aboard naval ships throughout the Cold War. Variants include AN/SPS-10B, AN-SPS/10E, and AN/SPS-10F.

In accordance with the Joint Electronics Type Designation System (JETDS), the "AN/SPS-10" designation represents the 10th design of an Army-Navy electronic device for surface ship search radar system. The JETDS system also now is used to name all Department of Defense electronic systems.

Gearing-class destroyer
The Gearing class was a series of 98 destroyers built for the U.S. Navy during and shortly after World War II. The Gearing design was a minor modification of the Allen M. Sumner class, whereby the hull was lengthened by 14 ft (4.3 m) at amidships, which resulted in more fuel storage space and increased the operating range.

The first Gearings were not ready for service until mid-1945 and saw little service in World War II. They continued serving, with a series of upgrades, until the 1970s. At that time many were sold to other nations, where they served many more years.
2022 American Athletic Conference women's basketball tournament
The 2022 American Athletic Conference women's basketball tournament was held March 7–10, 2022, at Dickies Arena in Fort Worth, Texas.  The first three rounds were streamed on ESPN+ with the championship game on ESPNU. UCF won the tournament and received the AAC automatic bid to the 2022 NCAA tournament.

ESPNU
ESPNU is an American multinational digital cable and satellite sports television channel owned by ESPN Inc., a joint venture between the Walt Disney Company (which owns a controlling 72% stake via indirect subsidiary ABC Inc.), Hearst Communications (which owns 18%), and the National Football League (which owns 10%). The channel is primarily dedicated to coverage of college athletics, and is also used as an additional outlet for general ESPN programming. ESPNU is based alongside its sister networks at ESPN's headquarters in Bristol, Connecticut.

As of November 2023, ESPNU is available to approximately 36,000,000 pay television households in the United States, down from its 2014 peak of 75,000,000 households.
Tyrväinen
Tyrväinen is the surname of the following people:

Antti Tyrväinen (biathlete) (1933–2013), Finnish biathlete

Antti Tyrväinen (born 1989), Finnish ice hockey player

Juhani Tyrväinen (born 1990), Finnish ice hockey player

Antti Tyrväinen (biathlete)
Antti Eerkki Tyrväinen (5 November 1933 – 13 October 2013) was a Finnish biathlete and Olympic medalist. He received a silver medal at the 1960 Winter Olympics in Squaw Valley, and silver medals in the World Championships in 1962 and 1963 together with a bronze medal in 1965. He was born in Ylöjärvi.
Lee Hill (cinematographer)
Lee M. Hill full name Leighton McLeod Hill (13 March 1907 – 5 June 1952) was a New Zealand film-maker and cinematographer. He was born in Carterton, attended Carterton School and Dannevirke High School, and died in Wellington.

Dannevirke
Dannevirke (lit. "work of the Danes", a reference to Danevirke; Māori: Taniwaka or Tāmaki-nui-a-Rua, the area where the town is) is a rural service town in the Manawatū-Whanganui region of the North Island, New Zealand.  It is the main centre of the Tararua District.

The surrounding area, a catchment and source of the Manawatū River (approximately 20 Min drive north of town) has developed into dairy, beef cattle and sheep farming, which now provides the major income for the town's population of 5,640.
Korn (surname)
Korn is a German surname of Jewish origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Alejandro Korn (1860–1936), Argentine physician, psychiatrist, philosopher and politician

Arthur Korn (1870–1945), German physicist, mathematician and inventor

Arthur Korn (architect) (1891–1978), German architect and urban planner

David Korn (computer scientist) (born 1943), American computer scientist

David A. Korn (1930–2022), American diplomat and writer

Dieter Korn (born 1958), German paleontologist

Jim Korn (born 1957), American ice hockey player

Jiří Korn (born 1949), Czech singer-songwriter

M. F. Korn, American writer

Marian Korn (1914–1987), Czech-American printmaker

Theresa Marie Korn (1926–2020), American engineer

Walter Korn (1908–1997), Czech-born American author of chess books

Alejandro Korn
Alejandro Korn (3 May 1860 – 9 October 1936) was an Argentine psychiatrist, philosopher, reformist and politician. For eighteen years, he was the director of the psychiatry hospital in Melchor Romero (a locality of La Plata in Buenos Aires). He was the first university official in Latin America  to be elected thanks to the student's vote. He is considered to be the pioneer of Argentine philosophy. Along with Florentino Ameghino, Juan Vucetich, Almafuerte and Carlos Spegazzini, he is considered to be one of the five wise men of La Plata.
Grochów, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Grochów [ˈɡrɔxuf] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Gryfice, within Gryfice County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northwestern Poland. It lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) south of Gryfice and 61 km (38 mi) northeast of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Gryfice
Gryfice (pronounced Gri-fitse [ɡrɨˈfʲit͡sɛ] ⓘ; German: Greifenberg) is a historic town in Pomerania, north-western Poland, with 16,600 inhabitants (2017). It is the capital of Gryfice County in West Pomeranian Voivodeship. The town is situated approximately 22 kilometres from the Baltic Sea coast and seaside resorts.
Av3k
Maciej Krzykowski (born April 1, 1991), who goes by the pseudonym Av3k (/ˈævɪk/), is a professional Quake and ShootMania player. He has Polish nationality and resides in Ostróda. He actively competes in international Quake competitions and was signed to Razer and Dutch electronic sports team Serious Gaming and French organization Millenium, but is now signed to British organisation Endpoint. On July 8, 2007, at age 16, he became the youngest Quake champion ever after winning the Electronic Sports World Cup 2007 in Paris without losing a single map.

Quake Live
Quake Live is a first-person arena shooter video game by id Software. It is an updated version of Quake III Arena that was originally designed as a free-to-play game launched via a web browser plug-in. On September 17, 2014, the game was re-launched as a standalone title on Steam.

Quake Live was previously a free to play game, with subscription options offering additional arenas, game types and game server options. The game is no longer free to play after October 27, 2015 and subscription options were removed.
USS Augusta Dinsmore
USS Augusta Dinsmore was a steamer acquired by the Union Navy during the American Civil War. She was used by the Union Navy as a gunboat in support of the Union naval blockade of Confederate waterways. Because of her relatively large size, she was also sometimes used as a cargo ship.

Union navy
The Union navy is used to describe the United States Navy (USN) during the American Civil War, when it fought the Confederate States Navy (CSN). The term is sometimes used to describe vessels of war used on the rivers of the interior under the control of the Union army.
Boriss Berziņš
Boriss Berziņš (7 October 1930, Riga – 11 February 2002, Riga) was a Soviet and Latvian artist, painter, graphic artist and teacher. People's Artist of the Latvian SSR (1989), Corresponding Member of the USSR Academy of Arts (1988).

From 1947 to 1952 he studied at the Jānis Rozentāls Art High School. In 1952 he enrolled at the Latvian Academy of Art and graduated from it in 1959. Since 1955 he participates in exhibitions. Since 1961 – member of the Artists' Union. Since 1964 she taught at the Art Academy of Latvia.

In 1973, the first solo exhibition of the artist at the Latvian National Museum (all on account of the artist's 50 collective and 15 solo exhibitions).

Commander of Order of the Three Stars, a lifelong scholar of the State Fund of Culture Capital, received the prize of the Latvian Culture Foundation Spīdola for lifetime contribution to the arts.

In 2002, under the will of the artist all the works were transferred to the Latvian National Museum of Art.

Janis Rozentāls Art High School
The Janis Rozentāls Art School (Latvian: Jaņa Rozentāla Mākslas skola, JRMS) is a Latvian art school teaching the academic arts of drawing, painting and composition — as well as graphics and design.

The art high school has its beginning in 1895, when the Latvian Painters Society established a painter's school. In 1928 the school changed its name to Latvian Painters Crafts Promotion and Relief Society Vocational School (Latvian: Latvijas daiļkrāsotāju amatniecības veicināšanas un palīdzības biedrības aroda skola), which again was changed in 1944 to Riga Secondary School of Art (Latvian: Rīgas Mākslas vidusskola), in 1946 to Janis Rozentāls Art High School, in 1998 to Janis Rozentāls Art College (Latvian: Jaņa Rozentāla Rīgas Mākslas koledža), on 18 March 2002 to Janis Rozentāls Riga Art High School (Latvian: Jaņa Rozentāla Rīgas Mākslas vidusskola).
Corpo Nacional de Escutas – Escutismo Católico Português
The Corpo Nacional de Escutas – Escutismo Católico Português (CNE, National Corps of Scouts - Portuguese Catholic Scouting) is the largest Portuguese Scouting organization. The association was founded in 1923 and became a member of the World Organization of the Scout Movement in 1929; at present, this membership is maintained via the Federação Escotista de Portugal. The association serves about 80,000 members of both genders.

The association is a member of the Comunidade do Escutismo Lusófono (Community of Lusophone Scouting).

Portuguese-speaking world
The Portuguese-speaking world, also known as the Lusophone world (Portuguese: mundo lusófono) or the Lusophony (Lusofonia), comprises the countries and territories in which the Portuguese language is an official, administrative, cultural, or secondary language. This article provides details regarding the geographical distribution of all Portuguese-speakers or Lusophones, regardless of legislative status. Portuguese is one of the most widely spoken languages in the world and is an official language of countries on four continents.
2013–14 Copa Argentina
The 2013–14 Copa Argentina was the fifth edition of the Copa Argentina, and the third since the relaunch of the tournament in 2011. The competition began on October 29, 2013. Arsenal was the defending champion, but were eliminated by Instituto in the Round of 32. Huracán won the final and their first title, beating Rosario Central on penalties. By winning the competition, Huracán won the right to play the 2015 Copa Libertadores, and the 2014 Supercopa Argentina.

2014 Supercopa Argentina
The 2014 Supercopa Argentina Final was the 3rd edition of the Supercopa, an annual football match contested by the winners of the Argentine Primera División and Copa Argentina competitions. Huracán beat River Plate 1–0 in San Juan and won the Argentine Supercup. As champions, Huracán qualified to the 2015 Copa Sudamericana.
Vladimir Strelchenko
Vladimir Vladimirovich Strelchenko (Russian: Владимир Владимирович Стрельченко; born 25 April 1964 in Novosibirsk) was mayor of Khimki (Russian town in Moscow Oblast, in the vicinity of Moscow) since 2005 to 2012. He had made his career in the Soviet and Russian army, participating in the Soviet–Afghan War in the late 1980s and retiring in 1999 as Colonel. Subsequently, he worked as an official in the Moscow and Moscow Oblast governments. From 2005 to 2010, he was a president of FC Khimki.

Russian Ground Forces
The Russian Ground Forces (Russian: Сухопу́тные войска́ [СВ], romanized: Sukhopútnye Voyská [SV]), also known as the Russian Army in English, are the land forces of the Russian Armed Forces.

The primary responsibilities of the Russian Ground Forces are the protection of the state borders and land-based combat operations.
The president of Russia is the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. The Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Ground Forces is appointed by the president of Russia. The Main Command of the Ground Forces is based in Moscow.
Ellen Fiedler
Ellen Fiedler, née Ellen Neumann, (26 November 1958 in Demmin, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) is a former East German 400 metres hurdler.

She won the bronze medal at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, in a career best time of 53.63 seconds. This ranks her third among German 400 m hurdlers, only behind Sabine Busch and Cornelia Ullrich.

She also won the 1981 IAAF World Cup event, took the silver medal in the hurdles at the 1980 World Championships in Athletics, won the bronze medal at the 1983 World Championships and finished sixth at the 1986 European Championships. At the 1983 World Championships she also won a gold medal in the 4 × 400 metres relay. Although it was Gesine Walther, Sabine Busch, Marita Koch and Dagmar Rübsam who ran in the final, Fiedler had run in the qualifying round.

Fiedler represented the sports club SC Dynamo Berlin, and became the East German champion in 1981, 1982 and 1983.

Fiedler is 1.76 metres tall; during her active career she weighed 66 kg.

1980 World Championships in Athletics
The 1980 World Championships in Athletics (Dutch: Wereldkampioenschappen atletiek 1980) was the second global, international athletics competition organised by the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF). Hosted from 14 to 16 August 1980 at the De Baandert in Sittard, Netherlands, it featured two events: the women's 400 metres hurdles and the women's 3000 metres run. West Germany's Birgit Friedmann took the first women's world title in the 3000 m, while her East German counterpart Bärbel Broschat became the first women's 400 m hurdles world champion.
Bart Davis
Bart McKay Davis (born March 7, 1955) is an American attorney and politician who is serving as the United States attorney for the District of Idaho since October 10, 2025. He previously served as the U.S. attorney from 2017 to 2021. He previously served as a Republican member of the Idaho Senate, representing District 33 from 2002 to 2017. He represented District 29 from 1998 to 2002. During his time in the Idaho Senate, he served as state senate majority leader.

Idaho Senate
The Idaho State Senate is the upper chamber of the Idaho Legislature. It consists of 35 senators elected to two-year terms, each representing a district of the state. The Senate meets at the Idaho State Capitol in Boise, Idaho.