hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cerro Chanka
21°47′09″S 68°18′37″W﻿ / ﻿21.78583°S 68.31028°W﻿ / -21.78583; -68.31028﻿ (Cerro Chanka)
Cerro Chanka (also known as Chanka or Pabellon) is a Pleistocene lava dome in the Andes. It is part of the Altiplano-Puna volcanic complex. Potassium-argon dating indicates that the dome last erupted 119.8±5.4 ka ago. Another reported age is 1.5±0.1 mya.

The dome is located on the northwestern side of Cerro del Azufre. It is constructed from three lobes with diameters of 1.5 kilometres (0.93 mi). The flanks of the dome are steep and talus and lava blocks lie at its feet.

Cerro Chanka has a SiO2 content of 66% and is of calc-alkaline origin. The lavas are potassium-rich dacitic and rhyolitic save for an andesitic mafic component, and rich in crystals.

Calc-alkaline magma series
The calc-alkaline magma series is one of two main subdivisions of the subalkaline magma series, the other subalkaline magma series being the tholeiitic series. A magma series is a series of compositions that describes the evolution of a mafic magma, which is high in magnesium and iron and produces basalt or gabbro, as it fractionally crystallizes to become a felsic magma, which is low in magnesium and iron and produces rhyolite or granite. Calc-alkaline rocks are rich in alkaline earths (magnesia and calcium oxide) and alkali metals and make up a major part of the crust of the continents.

The diverse rock types in the calc-alkaline series include volcanic types such as basalt, andesite, dacite, rhyolite, and also their coarser-grained intrusive equivalents (gabbro, diorite, granodiorite, and granite). They do not include silica-undersaturated, alkalic, or peralkaline rocks.
Railway block code
The railway block signalling bell code is a system of bell sounds used  in Great Britain to communicate between manually operated Signal Boxes in implementing the railway block system. (The bell system is not used in modern power signal boxes, other than to any older adjacent signalboxes.) Each such signal box has a bell circuit to the boxes on either side of it along the line. The equipment consists of a plunger or tapper (rather like a Morse key) which when pressed, rings a  single-stroke bell in a neighbouring box. That box similarly has a tapper for communicating back, so boxes have keys each of which rings the bell in a neighbouring box. The bells sound different tones, so that the signalman can tell them apart by ear.

Electric bell
An electric bell is a mechanical or electronic bell that functions by means of an electromagnet. When an electric current is applied, it produces a repetitive buzzing, clanging or ringing sound. Electromechanical bells have been widely used at railroad crossings, in telephones, fire and burglar alarms, as school bells, doorbells, and alarms in industrial areas, since the late 1800s, but they are now being widely replaced with electronic sounders. An electric bell consists of one or more electromagnets, made of a coil of insulated wire around an iron bar, which attract an iron strip armature with a clapper.
Ó Cianáin
Ó Cianáin was the name of a Gaelic-Irish Brehon family. They were originally erenaghs of the parish of Cleenish, Lough Erne, but who had served for several centuries as historians to Mag Uidir of Fear Manach (2007, p. 437).

The Annals of Ulster record the death of Giolla na Naomh Ó Cianáin, abbot of Lis Gabhail (Lisgoole), on 12 August 1345 (actually 1348).

One of the family's most noted productions was Leabhar Adhamh Ó Cianáin, written in or about the 1340s by Adhamh Ó Cianáin (died 1373) by and for himself, and out of the book of his teacher, Seán Mór Ó Dubhagáin (died 1372).

The Annals of the Four Masters cite the deaths of members of the family under the years 1348, 1373, 1387, 1400, 1405, 1459, 1569, 1483.

The surname is anglicised as Keenan.

Annals of the Four Masters
The Annals of the Kingdom of Ireland (Middle Irish: Annála Ríoghachta Éireann) or the Annals of the Four Masters (Annála na gCeithre Máistrí) are chronicles of medieval Irish history. The entries span from the Deluge, dated as 2,242 years after creation to AD 1616.

The work was compiled between 1632 and 1636 under the direction of Mícheál Ó Cléirigh and his collaborators, collectively known as the Four Masters. According to modern scholarship, the compilation began at the Franciscan house of refuge at Bundrowes (Bun Drobhaoise) in Bundoran, County Donegal, which served as a base for the friars following the destruction of their original monastery at Donegal Town.
Netherside Stream Outcrops
Netherside Stream Outcrops is a 2.9-hectare (7.2-acre) geological Site of Special Scientific Interest north-east of Haslemere in Surrey. It is a Geological Conservation Review site.

This is the Type locality for the Netherside Sand Member of the Weald Clay Group, dating to the Lower Cretaceous around 130 million years ago. Upward sloping sandstone has fossil Lycopodites plants in vertical life positions.

A public footpath runs through the site.

Type locality (geology)
A type locality, or a type area, in geology is the locality where a particular rock type, stratigraphic unit or mineral species is first identified. If the stratigraphic unit in a locality is layered, it is called a stratotype, whereas the standard of reference for unlayered rocks is the type locality.

The concept is similar to type site in archaeology.
Rockology
Rockology is an album by former Kiss drummer Eric Carr released in 1999.

The album features songs that Carr was working on before his death in 1991 which was completed by his former Kiss bandmate Bruce Kulick. Several of the songs featured were intended for use on  KISS albums, such as "Eyes of Love" and "Somebody's Waiting". Others were written for Carr's Rockheads animated television series that never got off the ground, such as "Too Cool For School" and "Nasty Boys".

On December 20, 2020, Rockology was re-released on Apple iTunes and on Spotify, followed by a limited-edition vinyl pressing released for Record Store Day on April 22, 2023.

Record Store Day
Record Store Day is a semi-annual event established in 2008 to "celebrate the culture of the independently owned record store". Held on one Saturday (typically the third) every April and every Black Friday in November, the day brings together fans, artists, and thousands of independent record stores around the world. A number of records are pressed specifically for Record Store Day, with a list of releases for each country, and are only distributed to shops participating in the event.

The event originated in the United States and has expanded internationally, with official organizers in the United Kingdom, Canada, Ireland, Mexico, Europe, Japan, and Australia.
Manoj Sinha
Manoj Sinha (born 1 July 1959) is an Indian politician serving as the 2nd and the current lieutenant governor of Jammu and Kashmir. He served as the minister of state for Communications (independent charge) and minister of state for Railways in the government of India. Sinha was elected to the Lok Sabha, representing Ghazipur parliamentary constituency for three terms from the Bharatiya Janata Party. Sinha was in the race for the post of Uttar Pradesh chief minister after the 2017 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election.

Ministry of Railways (India)
The Ministry of Railways is a ministry in the Government of India, responsible for the country's rail transport. The Indian Railways is the rail network operated and administered by the Railway Board constituted by the ministry. The ministry along with the Railway Board is housed inside Rail Bhawan in New Delhi. It is headed by the Minister of Railways. With more than 1.2 million employees, it is one of the world's largest employers.
Chris Clarke (boxer)
Chris Clarke (born October 24, 1956, in Halifax, Nova Scotia) is a former professional boxer from Canada, who won the Canadian and Commonwealth Welterweight championship titles and also became the Canadian Middleweight champion. As an amateur boxer, Clarke won the gold medal in the men's lightweight division at the 1975 Pan American Games. A year later he represented his native country at the 1976 Summer Olympics, where he was defeated in the second round.

Nova Scotia Sport Hall of Fame
The Nova Scotia Sport Hall of Fame was established on November 3, 1964, by John E. Ahern to honour outstanding athletes, teams and sport builders in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia. The facilities are located at the World Trade and Convention Centre in the provincial capital city of Halifax.
Chrysanthemum vulgare
Chrysanthemum vulgare can refer to:

Chrysanthemum vulgare (L.) Bernh., a synonym of Tanacetum vulgare L., tansy

Chrysanthemum vulgare (Lam.) Gaterau, a synonym of Leucanthemum vulgare subsp. vulgare Lam., ox-eye daisy

Leucanthemum vulgare
Leucanthemum vulgare, commonly known as the ox-eye daisy, oxeye daisy, dog daisy, marguerite (French: Marguerite commune, "common marguerite") and other common names, is a widespread flowering plant native to Europe and the temperate regions of Asia, and an introduced plant to North America, Australia and New Zealand.
Don Roberts (politician)
Don Roberts is a former Canadian politician who represented the electoral district of Porter Creek North in the Yukon Legislative Assembly from 2000 to 2002.

He was elected as a member of the Yukon Liberal Party in the 2000 election and served as the Minister for Health. In 2002, he was one of three MLAs, along with Mike McLarnon and Wayne Jim, who resigned from the Liberal Party caucus. The resignations were designed to protest the leadership of Pat Duncan, sending Duncan's government into a minority. He did not run for re-election in the 2002 election.

Porter Creek North
Porter Creek North (formerly Whitehorse Porter Creek East) is a territorial electoral district of Yukon that has been represented in the Yukon Legislative Assembly since 1992.

The district at various points has been held by Yukon Conservative Senator Dan Lang, former Premier John Ostashek, former Whitehorse City Councillor Doug Graham, and former Yukon Commissioner Geraldine Van Bibber.
Cosmology in the Muslim world
Islamic cosmology is the cosmology of Islamic societies. Islamic cosmology is not a single unitary system, but is inclusive of a number of cosmological systems, including Quranic cosmology, the cosmology of the Hadith collections, as well as those of Islamic astronomy and astrology. Broadly, cosmological conceptions themselves can be divided into thought concerning the physical structure of the cosmos (cosmography) and the origins of the cosmos (cosmogony).

In Islamic cosmology, the fundamental duality is between Creator (God) and creation.

Ibn al-Shatir
ʿAbu al-Ḥasan Alāʾ al‐Dīn bin Alī bin Ibrāhīm bin Muhammad bin al-Matam al-Ansari, known as Ibn al-Shatir or Ibn ash-Shatir (Arabic: ابن الشاطر; 1304–1375) was an Arab astronomer, mathematician and engineer. He worked as muwaqqit (موقت, timekeeper) in the Umayyad Mosque in Damascus and constructed a sundial for its minaret in 1371/72.
Saving Grace B. Jones
Saving Grace B. Jones is an independent feature written, produced, and directed by Connie Stevens. The film made its world premiere in the Philadelphia Film Festival/Cinefest on March 28, 2009, and screened in the 18th annual St. Louis International Film Festival on November 20, 2009. The film was released generally in the United States in December 2012. Filming took place in the town of Boonville, Missouri, in 2007.

Philadelphia Film Festival
The Philadelphia Film Festival is a film festival founded by the Philadelphia Film Society and held in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The annual festival is held at various theater venues throughout the Philadelphia metropolitan area.
Mittageisen
"Mittageisen" is a song by English rock band Siouxsie and the Banshees. It originally appeared on the band's 1978 debut album The Scream as "Metal Postcard (Mittageisen)"; the track was re-recorded in 1979, this time with the lyrics sung in German, and released as a single in West Germany with "Love in a Void" on the b-side. That September the song was given a UK release by record label Polydor as a double A-side single.

John McKay (guitarist)
John McKay (born 6 June 1958) is an English musician, songwriter and singer. He was the guitarist of Siouxsie and the Banshees, playing with the group from July 1977 until September 1979. He played a "jagged unorthodox chording", and created a "metal-shard roar" with his guitar. Q magazine included McKay's work on "Hong Kong Garden" in its list of the "100 Greatest Guitar Tracks Ever". He recorded two studio albums with the band, their debut album The Scream in 1978 and Join Hands in 1979.

McKay has been cited as an influence by guitarists such as Geordie Walker of Killing Joke, Robert Smith of the Cure, The Edge of U2, Steve Albini of Big Black, Thurston Moore of Sonic Youth, Johnny Marr of the Smiths, Jim Reid of the Jesus and Mary Chain and Kevin Shields of My Bloody Valentine. He has been qualified as the "innovator" by producer Steve Lillywhite.

In 2025, he released his first solo album Sixes and Sevens which received critical acclaim.
2023 New Orleans Breakers season
The 2023 New Orleans Breakers season was the New Orleans Breakers' second season in the United States Football League, their second at Protective Stadium, and their first under the head coach/general manager tandem of John DeFilippo and Ryan Jones. For the 2023 season, they improved upon their 6–4 record from the previous season by going 7–3, and lost to the Birmingham Stallions in the USFL South Division Championship Game for the second straight year. This time with the final score being 47–22 in favor of Birmingham.

2023 USFL season
The 2023 USFL season was the second season of the United States Football League. The regular season started on April 15 and ended on June 18. The postseason began on June 24 and ended with the 2023 USFL Championship Game on July 1. The league expanded the locations their teams play to four total stadiums, adding Ford Field in Detroit, Michigan, and Simmons Bank Liberty Stadium in Memphis, Tennessee.

With the league beginning its second season on April 15, the USFL became the first American spring league since the World League of American Football to complete its first season and return for a second. This ended up being the USFL's last season before it merged with the XFL to form the United Football League.
H.F. Hamilton
Harold Francis Hamilton MA, DD (died 1919), was a Canadian theologian and ecclesiastical historian of the Church of England in the Dominion of Canada. He was born in Quebec City in 1876. His father, Charles Hamilton, was a clergyman who in 1884 was elevated to the episcopate.

He was educated at Trinity College School at Port Hope, Ontario, and Christ Church, Oxford. He taught for some years at the University of Bishop's College in Lennoxville, Quebec. He died on December 20, 1919.

He is best known as the author of The People of God, a two-volume work much admired by Michael Ramsey (among others), and Discovery and Revelation, a work of a more popular character.

Port Hope, Ontario
Port Hope is a municipality in Southern Ontario, Canada, about 109 km (68 mi) east of Toronto and 159 km (99 mi) west of Kingston. It is at the mouth of the Ganaraska River on the north shore of Lake Ontario, in the west end of Northumberland County. The private Trinity College School opened here in 1865.
Goulandris
Goulandris (Greek: Γουλανδρής, feminine/genitive form Γουλανδρή) is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alexandros Goulandris (1927–2017), Greek ship owner

Basil Goulandris (1913–1994), Greek ship owner and arts patron

Chryss Goulandris (born 1950), Greek-Irish ship owner and horse breeder

John Goulandris (1930–2016), Greek ship owner

Nicholas J. Goulandris (1891–1957), Greek ship owner

Niki Goulandris (1925–2019), Greek painter and philanthropist

Nikos Goulandris (1913–1983), Greek shipping tycoon and sports team owner

Alexandros Goulandris
Alexandros J. "Aleko" Goulandris (1927 – 25 May 2017) was a Greek shipowner, the son of Nicholas J. Goulandris, the founder of N. J. Goulandris.

In 1952, his father left the family firm, Goulandris Bros., and founded N. J. Goulandris in London. It grew with the help of his sons Yannis/John (b.1923) and twins Leonidas (b.1927) and Alexandros, and by 1958 was the sixth-largest Greek shipowner with 40 ships. The business is now known as Andriaki Shipping and is based in Marousi, Athens.

He married Marietta, and they had three daughters, Violanto (who pre-deceased him), Maria-Lula and Alexandra. In 1994 they restored the Tourlitis Lighthouse in Andros in memory of  Violanto.

He died in May 2017, and was buried next to his wife in the First Cemetery of Athens.

Goulandris was a "noted but very private art collector and philanthropist".
8th Engineer Regiment (Australia)
The 8th Engineer Regiment was a reserve engineer regiment of the Australian Army. Originally raised as the "8th Combat Engineer Regiment" in 1995, the unit provided support during the 2000 Sydney Olympics and the APEC Australia 2007, and was headquartered at Bullecourt Barracks, Adamstown, New South Wales, where it formed part of the 8th Brigade.

Adamstown, New South Wales
Adamstown is a suburb of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia, located 6 kilometres (4 mi) from Newcastle's central business district. It is split between the City of Newcastle and City of Lake Macquarie local government areas.
HeadJam
HeadJam is a BBC Television game show hosted by Vernon Kay. It originally aired during the summer of 2004 on BBC Three, with a repeat soon afterwards on BBC Two.

It features two teams, each consisting of a member of the public and a celebrity. Celebrities included Claudia Winkleman, DJ Spoony, Joe Cornish, Lauren Laverne, Natalie Casey, Paddy O'Connell, Edith Bowman, Mark Durden-Smith, Julie Fernandez and Ed Byrne.

All the contestants and celebrity contestants play a variety of rounds, answering questions about popular culture. Rounds included Spoonerisms, guessing TV themes and film taglines, and general knowledge questions about specific years. The contestant with the most points at the end played a final round, named "HeadJam", in which the member of the public had to memorise and then deliver the answers to eight questions in order.

Mark Durden-Smith
Mark Durden-Smith (born 1 October 1968) is an English television presenter best known for presenting ITV shows such as I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! NOW! and This Morning Summer, Sky 1 shows such as The Match and Double or Nothing, and Channel 5's rugby union coverage.
Alma Parish
Alma is a geographic parish on the Bay of Fundy in the southwestern corner of Albert County, New Brunswick, Canada.

For governance purposes, Alma is divided between the village of Fundy Albert and the Southeast rural district, both of which are members of the Southeast Regional Service Commission. A small area on the western side of Fundy National Park belongs to the Fundy rural district.

Prior to the 2023 governance reform, the parish was divided between the village of Alma and the local service district of the parish of Alma. Fundy National Park was de jure part of the LSD. The village and the park are now part of Fundy Albert, the LSD part of the rural district.

The census subdivision of the same name includes all of the parish except the village of Alma, which forms its own census subdivision. The population of the parish CSD is so small that census numbers are rounded to maintain privacy. Revised census figures based on the 2023 local governance reforms have not been released.

Albert County, New Brunswick
Albert County (2021 population 30,749) is New Brunswick's third-youngest county, located on the Western side of the Petitcodiac River on the Chignecto Bay in the Bay of Fundy;  the shire town is Hopewell Cape. The county was established in 1845 from parts of Westmorland County and Saint John County, and named after Prince Albert. Since the abolition of county municipal governments in 1967, its best-known use is as a census division.

The mineral albertite was discovered a few miles away in 1849, giving rise to Albert Mines.
Bersaglieri Brigade "Garibaldi"
The Bersaglieri Brigade "Garibaldi" is a mechanized infantry brigade of the Italian Army, based in the south of the country. Its core units are Bersaglieri, an elite infantry corps of the Italian Army. The brigade is named after Giuseppe Garibaldi, a hero of the Italian wars of unification. The brigade is part of the Division "Acqui".

Caserta
Caserta (Italian: [kaˈzɛrta] ⓘ or [kaˈsɛrta]; Neapolitan: [kaˈsertə]) is the capital of the province of Caserta in the Campania region of Italy. An important agricultural, commercial, and industrial comune and city, Caserta is located 36 kilometres north of Naples on the edge of the Campanian plain at the foot of the Campanian Subapennine mountain range. The city is best known for the 18th-century Bourbon Royal Palace of Caserta.
Loop of Henle
The loop of Henle (/ˈhɛnli/; also known as Henle's loop, Henle loop, nephron loop) is the portion of a nephron that leads from the proximal convoluted tubule to the distal convoluted tubule. Named after its discoverer, the German anatomist Friedrich Gustav Jakob Henle, the loop of Henle's main function is to create a concentration gradient in the medulla of the kidney.

By means of a countercurrent multiplier system, which uses electrolyte pumps, the loop of Henle creates an area of high urea concentration deep in the medulla, near the papillary duct in the collecting duct system. Water present in the filtrate in the papillary duct flows through aquaporin channels out of the duct, moving passively down its concentration gradient. This process reabsorbs water and creates a concentrated urine for excretion.

Osmotic concentration
Osmotic concentration, formerly known as osmolarity, is the measure of solute concentration, defined as the number of osmoles (Osm) of solute per litre (L) of solution (osmol/L or Osm/L). The osmolarity of a solution is usually expressed as Osm/L (pronounced "osmolar"), in the same way that the molarity of a solution is expressed as "M" (pronounced "molar").

Whereas molarity measures the number of moles of solute per unit volume of solution, osmolarity measures the number of particles on dissociation of osmotically active material (osmoles of solute particles) per unit volume of solution. This value allows the measurement of the osmotic pressure of a solution and the determination of how the solvent will diffuse across a semipermeable membrane (osmosis) separating two solutions of different osmotic concentration.
Marián Andrej Pacák
Bishop Marián Andrej Pacák, C.Ss.R. (born 24 April 1973) is a Canadian Slovak Greek Catholic hierarch, who serves as aposotolic visitator in North America of the Slovakia byzantine catholic church, he also served as the third Eparchial Bishop of the Slovak Catholic Eparchy of Saints Cyril and Methodius of Toronto from 5 July 2018 until his resignation on 20 October 2020.

Stará Ľubovňa
Stará Ľubovňa (German: Altlublau, Hungarian: Ólubló, Rusyn: Стара Любовня, Latin: Lublovia, Polish: Lubowla, Ukrainian: Стара Любовня) is a town with approximately 16,000 inhabitants in northeastern Slovakia. The town consists of the districts Podsadek and Stará Ľubovňa.
Ritvo
Ritvo is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Edward Ross Ritvo (1930–2020), American psychiatrist

Eva Ritvo, American television and radio personality, author, and psychiatrist

Katherine Ritvo (born 1969), American race horse trainer

Max Ritvo (1990–2016), American poet

Max Ritvo
Max Ritvo (December 19, 1990 – August 23, 2016) was an American poet. Milkweed Editions posthumously published a full-length collection of his poems, Four Reincarnations, to positive critical reviews. Milkweed published Letters from Max (co-written with Sarah Ruhl) and a second collection of Ritvo's poems, The Final Voicemails, in September 2018.