hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Q Casino
Q Casino (formerly Mystique and Dubuque Greyhound Park & Casino) is a casino located in Dubuque, Iowa. It also was a greyhound race track until racing ceased there on May 15, 2022. The facility is operated by the non-profit Dubuque Racing Association, its license holder. It is a member of the Iowa Gaming Association, and shares a gaming license with the Diamond Jo Casino, also in Dubuque. Beginning operations on June 1, 1985, the track became a full-service casino following the introduction of table games in 2005.

Q Casino is located on Chaplain Schmitt Island, near the Mississippi River. The casino, along with attractions in the Port of Dubuque and Downtown Dubuque, have helped to create a large and growing tourism market in Dubuque.

Houlihan's
Houlihan's is an American casual restaurant and bar chain with locations operating throughout the country, 60% of which are franchised. It is headquartered in Leawood, Kansas. The first Houlihan's opened on April 1, 1972, in Kansas City's Country Club Plaza, and there are now 35 restaurants in 15 states. It was originally named Houlihan's Old Place because it was first located in the space of Houlihans Clothing Store.

Houlihan's is privately owned by Fertitta Entertainment, who bought HRI, a company that developed and owned several restaurant concepts including Bristol Seafood Grill, Devon Seafood Grill, and J. Gilbert's Wood-Fired Steaks.
2015–16 PBA Philippine Cup
The 2015–16 Philippine Basketball Association (PBA) Philippine Cup, also known as the 2015–16 SmartBRO-PBA Philippine Cup for sponsorship reasons, was the first conference of the 2015–16 PBA season. The tournament started on October 21, 2015, and was finished on February 3, 2016. The tournament did not allow teams to hire foreign players or imports.

Stanley Pringle
Stanley Wayne Andres Pringle Jr. (born March 5, 1987) is a Filipino-American professional basketball player for the Rain or Shine Elasto Painters of the Philippine Basketball Association (PBA). Pringle played college basketball for Pasco–Hernando State College for 2 years and for Penn State in his last two years in college.  He was the first overall pick of the 2014 PBA draft.
Abortion in Vietnam
Abortion in Vietnam is legal until 22 weeks of pregnancy  and provided free of charge by the state through Article 44 of the 1989 Public Health Protection Law. Vietnam also has one of the highest rates of abortion that has been surveyed in the world and its abortion laws are among the most liberal in Southeast Asia and the world.

Gratis versus libre
The adjective free in English is commonly used in one of two meanings: "at no monetary cost" (gratis) or "with little or no restriction" (libre). This ambiguity can cause issues where the distinction is important, as it often is when dealing with laws concerning the use of information, such as copyright and patents.

The terms gratis and libre may be used to categorise intellectual property like computer programs, according to the licenses and legal restrictions that cover them, especially in the free software and open source communities, as well as the broader free culture movement. For example, they are used to distinguish "freeware" (software gratis) from free software (software libre).

Free software advocate and GNU founder Richard Stallman advocates usage of the slogan: "Think free as in free speech, not free beer." This basically means: "Think free as in libre, not gratis."
École des mines d'Alès
L'École des Mines d'Alès (French pronunciation: [ekɔl de min dalɛs]; EMA) was created in 1843 by King Louis Philippe, under the guardianship of the French Ministry of Economy, Finance and Employment, is a French technology and engineering university.  From 2012, its full name changed into École Nationale Supérieure des Mines d'Alès (pronounced [ekɔl nɑsjɔnal sypeʁjœʁ de min dalɛs]). Founded in 1843, this school was originally formed for study of the mining industry.  It is now an engineering school in France Grandes écoles and of the Groupe des écoles des mines.

There are three year engineering degree and master's degree programs.

Ministry of Economics and Finance (France)
48°50′21″N 2°22′33″E﻿ / ﻿48.83917°N 2.37583°E﻿ / 48.83917; 2.37583
The Ministry of Economics, Finance and Industrial and Digital Sovereignty (French: Ministère de l'Économie, des Finances et de la Souveraineté industrielle et numérique, pronounced [ministɛʁ d(ə) lekɔnɔmi e definɑ̃s]), informally referred to as Bercy, is one of the most important ministries in the Government of France. Its minister is one of the most prominent cabinet members after the prime minister. The name of the ministry has changed over time; it has included the terms "economics", "industry", "finance" and "employment" throughout its history.
Precious Thing
"Precious Thing" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Steve Wariner.  It was released in July 1990 as the second single from the album Laredo.  The song reached #8 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.  Wariner wrote the song with Mac McAnally.

Laredo (album)
Laredo is the ninth studio album by American country music artist Steve Wariner. His last release for MCA Records, it produced three chart singles on the Billboard country charts: "The Domino Theory" at #7, "Precious Thing" at #8, and "There for Awhile" at #17. After the final single charted, Wariner was dropped from MCA's roster. He later signed to Arista Records in 1991 for the release of his next album, 1991's I Am Ready.

Tracks 1, 6, 8, and 9 were produced by Randy Scruggs, tracks 2, 3, and 7 by Tony Brown, and tracks 4, 5, and 10 by Garth Fundis.
Susan DeRoy
Susan DeRoy is an American politician. She serves as a Republican member for the Strafford 3rd district of the New Hampshire House of Representatives.

She defeated incumbent Republican David Bickford in the Republican primary in 2024.

Strafford County, New Hampshire
Strafford County is a county in the U.S. state of New Hampshire. As of the 2020 census, the population was 130,889. Its county seat is Dover. Strafford County was one of the five original counties identified for New Hampshire in 1769. It was named after William Wentworth, 2nd Earl of Strafford in the mistaken belief that he was the ancestor of governor John Wentworth – although they were distantly related, William had no descendants. The county was organized at Dover in 1771. In 1840, the size of the original county was reduced with the creation of Belknap County.

Strafford County constitutes a portion of the Boston-Cambridge-Newton, MA-NH Metropolitan Statistical Area as well as of the greater Boston-Worcester-Providence, MA-RI-NH-CT Combined Statistical Area. It is estimated to be New Hampshire's county with the highest percentage growth over the 2010–2019 period.
1997 Japan Open Tennis Championships – Women's doubles
Kimiko Date and Ai Sugiyama were the defending champions but only Sugiyama competed that year with Shinobu Asagoe.

Asagoe and Sugiyama lost in the semifinals to Kerry-Anne Guse and Corina Morariu.

Alexia Dechaume-Balleret and Rika Hiraki won in the final 6–4, 6–2 against Guse and Morariu.

Ai Sugiyama
Ai Sugiyama (杉山愛, Sugiyama Ai; born July 5, 1975) is a Japanese former tennis player. She reached the world No. 1 ranking in women's doubles on the WTA Tour and had a career-high singles ranking of world No. 8, achieved on February 9, 2004. In her career, she won six singles and 38 doubles titles, including three Grand Slam titles (one with Julie Halard-Decugis and two partnering Kim Clijsters), and one Grand Slam mixed doubles title (partnering Mahesh Bhupathi). Sugiyama held the all-time record, for both male and female players, for her 62 consecutive Grand Slam main-draw appearances, until she was surpassed by Roger Federer at the 2015 Wimbledon Championships.
Time for Elizabeth
Time for Elizabeth is a 1948 play written by Norman Krasna and Groucho Marx.

Krasna and Marx were good friends and Krasna says writing it took 10–15 years.

The original Broadway production was directed by Krasna, and starred Otto Kruger. Opening at the Fulton Theatre, it only ran for eight performances, from September 27 to October 2, 1948. The reviews were universally bad, with Brooks Atkinson at The New York Times writing that "Mr. Marx has everyone's permission to throw down the pen and put back the moustachio any time he pleases." However, film rights were sold to Warner Bros for $500,000.

The play toured as a summer stock production in the summers of 1957, 1958, 1959 and 1963, with co-author Groucho Marx playing the lead. Thanks to Marx's presence and an increasing number of Groucho-style jokes added to the script over time, the tours were well received.

Time for Elizabeth was adapted for TV in 1964, with Marx playing the lead.

Groucho Marx
Julius Henry "Groucho" Marx (/ˈɡraʊtʃoʊ/; October 2, 1890 – August 19, 1977) was an American comedian, actor, comic vocalist and game show host who performed in vaudeville, Broadway, films, radio, and television. A master of the one-line retort, he is considered one of America's greatest comedians.

Marx made 13 feature films as a team with his brothers, who performed under the name the Marx Brothers, of whom he was the third born. He also had a successful solo career, primarily on radio and television, most notably as the host of the game show You Bet Your Life.

His distinctive appearance, carried over from his days in vaudeville, included quirks such as an exaggerated stooped posture, spectacles, cigar, and a thick greasepaint moustache (later a real moustache) and eyebrows.
Koba (play)
Koba is a dramatic play that was written in 1958–59 by Raymond Williams. It was first published in the 1966 edition of Modern Tragedy.  The 1979 edition of Modern Tragedy does not include it.

The play involves fictitious characters, but parallels the life of Joseph Stalin.  Characters include Peter, Max and George, along with Joseph - later Koba - and Jordan, based on Vladimir Lenin.  It takes a mixed view of the Stalin-character:

LUKE: What we have really to face is how all this happened, how we became strong.

MARK: It was not only Koba.  In many ways he made us weaker.

LUKE: But in other ways stronger.

(Act Two, Scene VII).

Raymond Williams's later thoughts on the play and the wider question of the Soviet Union can be found in Politics and Letters; Part V, Chapter 3.

Politics and Letters: Interviews with New Left Review
Politics and Letters: Interviews with New Left Review is critic Raymond Williams's own account of his life and work.  The book is based on a series of interviews given by Williams to the magazine New Left Review and was published in 1979.

The work consists of five Sections: "Biography," "Culture," "Drama," "Literature," and "Politics".
Connecticut's 80th House of Representatives district
Connecticut's 80th House of Representatives district elects one member of the Connecticut House of Representatives. It consists of the town of Wolcott and parts of Southington. It has been represented by Republican Gale Mastrofrancesco since 2019.

Wolcott, Connecticut
Wolcott (/ˈwʊlkət/ WUUL-kət) is a town in New Haven County, Connecticut, United States. The town is part of the Naugatuck Valley Planning Region. It is primarily residential, with a population of 16,142 as of the 2020 United States census.

The town was settled in the 1730s by English settlers of the Connecticut Colony and was known as Farmingbury. It was renamed as Wolcott after being incorporated in 1796, following the United States' gaining independence. Some early records spell it as Wolcutt.
Zack Hample
Zachary Ben Hample (born September 14, 1977) is an American baseball collector. Hample claims to have collected more than 12,000 baseballs from Major League stadiums, including Alex Rodriguez's 3,000th career hit and Mike Trout's first career home run.

Hample has been heavily criticized by sportswriters, players, and fans due to his aggressive tactics to collect baseballs.

Shea Stadium
William A. Shea Municipal Stadium (/ʃeɪ/ SHAY), typically shortened to Shea Stadium, was a multi-purpose stadium in Flushing Meadows–Corona Park in Queens, New York City. Opened in 1964, it was home to the New York Mets of Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1964 to 2008, as well as the New York Jets of the American Football League (AFL) and the National Football League (NFL) from 1964 to 1983.

The stadium was named in honor of William Shea, who was most responsible for bringing National League baseball back to New York after the Dodgers and Giants left for California in 1957. It was demolished in 2009 following the opening of the adjacent Citi Field, the ballpark built to replace it and the current home of the Mets. The former footprint of Shea Stadium is part of Citi Field's parking lots.
The Cube Root of Uncertainty
The Cube Root of Uncertainty is a collection of science fiction short stories by  American writer Robert Silverberg, published in hardcover by Macmillan in 1970 and issued in paperback by Collier Books in 1971. No further editions have been issued.

Robert Silverberg
Robert Silverberg (born January 15, 1935) is a prolific American science fiction author and editor. He is a multiple winner of both Hugo and Nebula Awards, a member of the Science Fiction and Fantasy Hall of Fame, and a Grand Master of SF since 2004.

Especially noted Silverberg works include the novella Nightwings (1969) and the novels Downward to the Earth (1970), The World Inside (1971), Dying Inside (1972), and Lord Valentine's Castle (1980; the first of the Majipoor series).

Silverberg has attended every Hugo Award ceremony since the inaugural event in 1953.
Lex regia (imperial)
In the Roman Dominate and Latin jurisprudence down to the 18th century, the lex regia (literally, "royal law" or "royal act") was the supposed law by which unlimited imperium or authority had been transferred from the Roman people to the emperor. Emperor Justinian summarised the law in the decree by which he established the commission to compile the Digest in AD 530, Deo auctore: "By an ancient law [lege antiqua], which was called 'royal' [regia], all the authority and all the power of the Roman people were transferred to the power of the emperor." The concept originates somewhat earlier, however: Ulpian, in the early 3rd century, may already have referred to the law, though the meaning and even the authenticity of his use of the term are contested.

Ulpian
Ulpian (/ˈʌlpiən/; Latin: Gnaeus Domitius Annius Ulpianus; c. 170 – 223 or 228) was a Roman jurist born in Tyre in Roman Syria (modern Lebanon). He moved to Rome and rose to become considered one of the great legal authorities of his time. He was one of the five jurists upon whom decisions were to be based according to the Law of Citations of Valentinian III, and supplied the Justinian Digest about a third of its contents.
Scouting in Mongolia
The Scout and Guide movement in Mongolia is served by:

Girl Scout Association of Mongolia, member of the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts

Mongolyn Skautyn Kholboo, member of the World Organization of the Scout Movement

In addition, there are USA Girl Scouts Overseas in Ulaanbaatar, serviced by way of USAGSO headquarters in New York City.

World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts
The World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts (WAGGGS /wæɡz/) is a global association that supports female-oriented and female-only Guiding and Scouting organizations in 153 countries. It was established in the year 1928 in Parád, Hungary. The organization now has its headquarters located in London, United Kingdom. It is the counterpart of the World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM). WAGGGS is organized into five regions and operates five international Guiding centers. It holds full member status in the European Youth Forum (YFJ), which operates within the Council of Europe and the European Union.
Sediment–water interface
In oceanography and limnology, the sediment–water interface is the boundary between bed sediment and the overlying water column. The term usually refers to a thin layer (approximately 1 cm deep, though variable) of water at the very surface of sediments on the seafloor. In the ocean, estuaries, and lakes, this layer interacts with the water above it through physical flow and chemical reactions mediated by the micro-organisms, animals, and plants living at the bottom of the water body.  The topography of this interface is often dynamic, as it is affected by physical processes (e.g. currents causing rippling or resuspension) and biological processes (e.g. bioturbation generating mounds or trenches). Physical, biological, and chemical processes occur at the sediment-water interface as a result of a number of gradients such as chemical potential gradients, pore water gradients, and oxygen gradients.

Interface (matter)
In the physical sciences, an interface is the boundary between two spatial regions occupied by different matter, or by matter in different physical states. The interface between matter and air, or matter and vacuum, is called a surface, and studied in surface science. In thermal equilibrium, the regions in contact are called phases, and the interface is called a phase boundary. An example for an interface out of equilibrium is the grain boundary in polycrystalline matter.
Üçgül, Genç
Üçgül (Kurdish: Hesenan) is a village in the Genç District, Bingöl Province, Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds and had a population of 118 in 2021.

The hamlets of Arıtaş, Boğaziçi, Büyükköy, Çobankaya, Gelincik, Göçebağ, İbrahimler and Sancaklı are attached to the village.

Bingöl Province
Bingöl Province (Turkish: Bingöl ili; Kurdish: Parêzgeha Çewlîg; Zazaki: Wîlayetî Çewlîg; Armenian: Ճապաղջուր զավառ) is a province of Turkey. The province was known as Çapakçur Province (Armenian: Ճապաղջուր, lit. 'spread out water') before 1945 when it was renamed as Bingöl Province. Its area is 8,003 km2, and its population is 282,556 (2022). The province encompasses 11 municipalities, 325 villages and 693 hamlets.

The town of Genç was the scene of origin for the Sheikh Said rebellion in 1925 and most of the region was captured by the rebels during the rebellion.

As the current Governor of the province, Ahmet Hamdi Usta was appointed by the president in August 2023.
Maurice Magre
Maurice Magre (Occitan: Maurici Magre; 2 March 1877 - 11 December 1941) was a French writer, poet, and playwright.

He was an ardent defender of Occitan, and did much to publicize the martyrdom of the Cathars in the 13th century. For his historical novels on Catharism, Magre is particularly in line with the historian Napoléon Peyrat, in the sense that the author often prefers legends and the romantic epic to historical truth.

Napoléon Peyrat
Napoléon Peyrat (20 January 1809 – 4 April 1881) was a French author and historian from Les Bordes-sur-Arize (French: Les Bordes-sur-Arize).

Preyat was an anti-monarchist who was also opposed to the Catholic Church. 
Peyrat was the author of Histoire des pasteurs du Désert: depuis la révocation de l'édit de Nantes jusqu'à la Révolution française, 1685 - 1789 (History of the Desert Fathers: from the revolution of the Edict of Nantes to the French Revolution, 1685-1789). Published in 1842, English translation 1852. It is a notable history of the Revolt of the Camisards. Peyrat also wrote the two volume Histoire des Albigeois: les Albigeois et l'Inquisition (1872) (History of the Albigensians: the Albigensians and the Inquisition) a history of Catharism. Peyrat's book depicts the Cathars as the forerunners of the values of Protestantism and French Republicanism.
The Stronger Spell
"The Stronger Spell" is a fantasy short story by American writer L. Sprague de Camp, part of his Pusadian series. It was first published in the magazine Fantasy Fiction for November 1953, and first appeared in book form in de Camp's collection The Tritonian Ring and Other Pusadian Tales (Twayne, 1953). It has since been reprinted in the anthology The Mighty Barbarians, edited by Hans Stefan Santesson (Lancer Books, 1969). It was included in the omnibus de Camp collection Lest Darkness Fall/Rogue Queen/The Tritonian Ring and Other Pusadian Tales published in trade paperback by Gollancz in February 2014 and as an ebook by Gateway/Orion in March of the same year. It has also been translated into Dutch and German.

Gale (publisher)
Gale is a global provider of research and digital learning resources. The company is based in Farmington Hills, Michigan, United States, west of Detroit. It has been a division of Cengage since 2007.

The company, formerly known as Gale Research and the Gale Group, is active in research and educational publishing for public, academic, and school libraries, and for businesses. The company is known for its full-text magazine and newspaper databases, Gale OneFile (formerly known as Infotrac), and other online databases subscribed by libraries, as well as multi-volume reference works, especially in the areas of religion, history, and social science.

Founded in Detroit, Michigan, in 1954 by Frederick Gale Ruffner Jr., the company was acquired by the International Thomson Organization (later the Thomson Corporation) in 1985 before its 2007 sale to Cengage.
Eugene Secunda
Eugene Secunda is an American academic who is a member of the faculty in the Department of Media, Culture & Communication at New York University. He is also an academic adviser in NYU's Gallatin School of Individualized Study. He previously served on the business school faculties of New York University, City University of New York and Adelphi University. Secunda was awarded New York University Teaching Excellence Awards in 2003 and 2018. He was awarded a Fulbright Scholarship Award to lecture at the University of Ljubljana in Slovenia in 2006. The co-author of Selling War to America: From the Spanish American War to the Global War on Terror and Shifting Time and Space: The Story of Videotape, He also has written articles for The Wall Street Journal, Los Angeles Times and New York Magazine, as well as for Advertising Age and Adweek. He was communications director for both the Campaign to Save Grand Central Station and the annual New York Cares Coat Drive.

New York Cares
New York Cares is a nonprofit organization focused on volunteer management. It was founded by a group of New York residents in 1987 who wanted a centralized way to organize efforts and access communities in New York City.

New York Cares is the largest volunteer network in New York City. The organization works with a base of 30,000 volunteers, and has engaged volunteers in over 8 million hours of service since its inception. New York Cares works with about 1,300 nonprofits and schools, and aims to improve education, meet immediate needs, and revitalize public spaces throughout NYC. The organization plans and manages about 1,600 volunteer projects each month.

Since its inception, New York Cares has provided over 70 million meals to New Yorkers in need.

New York Cares is a member of the Hands On Network and the Points of Light Foundation.
2023 Russian Super Cup
The 2023 Russian Super Cup (Russian: Суперкубок России по футболу 2023) was the 21st edition of the Russian Super Cup, an annual football match organised jointly by the Russian Football Union and the Russian Premier League. It was contested by the reigning champions of the Russian Cup and the Russian Premier League. The match featured PFC CSKA Moscow, the champions of the 2022–23 Russian Cup, and FC Zenit Saint Petersburg, the winners of the 2022–23 Russian Premier League. It was played at Ak Bars Arena in Kazan, Russia and Zenit won 5–4 in a penalty shoot-out after the game ended goalless, its fourth consecutive title of Russian Super Cup.

Russian Football Union
The Russian Football Union (Russian: Российский Футбольный Союз, Rossiyskiy Futbolnyy Soyuz or RFS) is the official governing body of association football in the Russian Federation. With headquarters in Moscow, it organizes Russian amateur and professional football, including the men's, women's, youth, beach soccer, futsal and Paralympic national teams. The RFS sanctions referees and football tournaments for the Russian Premier League and other football leagues in Russia. RFS is headed by Aleksandr Dyukov, the CEO of Gazprom Neft.