hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sonia Petrovna
Sonia Petrovna (name also credited as Petrova and Petrowa) (born 13 January 1952) is a French dancer, of Russian descent. She is an actress (film, television and theatre) and theatre director. Petrovna was born in Paris. Between the age of 6 and 14 she studied dance at the Paris Opera Ballet (Ballet de l'Opéra de Paris) and on the initial invitation of Roland Petit went on to appear in various ballet productions. Her most famous early acting roles were those of Vanina Abati in Indian Summer, acting alongside leading French actor Alain Delon, and as Princess Sophie in Ludwig alongside leading actors Helmut Berger, John Moulder Brown and Romy Schneider, both in 1972.

Duchess Sophie Charlotte in Bavaria
Duchess Sophie Charlotte Auguste in Bavaria (22 February 1847 – 4 May 1897) was a granddaughter-in-law of King Louis Philippe of France, the youngest sister of Empress Elisabeth of Austria and fiancée of King Ludwig II of Bavaria.
Motuopae Island / Peach Island
Motuopae Island / Peach Island is located in Waikareao Estuary in Tauranga, New Zealand. In 1886 Motuopae Island / Peach Island was gazetted as a native reserve for the iwi Ngāi Tamarawaho. The island is sometimes referred to as Peach Island because of peaches growing on it. The island is a urupā, a Māori burial site, and was described in 2020 as almost being full. It was previously a pā site.

Pā
The word pā (Māori pronunciation: [ˈpaː]; often spelled pa in English) can refer to any Māori village or defensive settlement, but often refers to hillforts – fortified settlements with palisades and defensive terraces – and also to fortified villages. Pā sites occur mainly in the North Island of New Zealand, north of Lake Taupō. Over 5,000 sites have been located, photographed and examined, although few have been subject to detailed analysis. Variations similar to pā occur throughout central Polynesia, in the islands of Fiji, Tonga and the Marquesas Islands.

In Māori culture, a great pā represented the mana (prestige or power) and strategic ability of an iwi (tribe or tribal confederacy), as personified by a rangatira (chieftain). Māori built pā in various defensible locations around the territory (rohe) of an iwi to protect fertile plantation-sites and food supplies.
Augustine Taneko
Augustine Taneko (born October 3 1954) was a member of the National Parliament of Solomon Islands, representing the Shortlands constituency. He lives in Shortlands, in the Western Province, and was first elected in 2001. He was replaced by Steve Laore. After Steve Laore's death, Taneko ran for election to his former seat, finishing 2nd to Christopher Laore.

Western Province (Solomon Islands)
Western Province is the largest of the nine provinces of Solomon Islands. The area is renowned for its beautiful tropical islands, excellent diving and snorkelling, coral reefs and World War II wrecks, ecotourism lodges, and head-hunting shrines. The province contains many small lagoons and most of the country's tourist trade outside Honiara.
Ettore Fieramosca (novel)
Ettore Fieramosca is an 1833 historical novel by the Italian writer Massimo D'Azeglio. It is based on the life of the condottiero Ettore Fieramosca (1476-1515). During the era of Italian unification, Fieramosca was revived as a national hero, a trend which the novel contributed to. D'Azeglio was influenced by the writings of the Scottish author Walter Scott. Along with other patriotic writers of the era, D'Azeglio tried to counter stereotypes of Italian cowardice by showing the courage of Fieramosca and others at the Challenge of Barletta in 1503.

Condottiero
Condottieri (Italian: [kondotˈtjɛːri]; singular: condottiero or condottiere) were Italian military leaders active during the Middle Ages and the early modern period. The term originally referred specifically to commanders of mercenary companies, derived from the Italian word condotta—the contract under which they served a city-state or lord. The word condottiero thus meant 'contractor'. Over time, however, in Italian usage, condottiero came to mean any 'commander' or 'military leader'.
S. Klein
S. Klein On The Square, or simply S. Klein, was a popular-priced department store chain based in New York City. The flagship stores (a main building and a women's fashion building) were located along Union Square East in Manhattan; this location would combine with the 1920s idiomatic catch phrase "on the square" (meaning "honest and straight-up") to provide the subtitle. S. Klein positioned itself as a step above regional discount stores of its time (Two Guys, Great Eastern Mills), more fashion aware than E. J. Korvette, and a more affordable option compared to traditional department stores like Macy's, or Abraham & Straus. S. Klein stores were full-line department stores, including furniture departments, fur salons, and full-service pet departments.

E. J. Korvette
E. J. Korvette, also known as Korvette’s, was an American chain of discount department stores, founded in 1948 in New York City. It was one of the first department stores to challenge the suggested retail price provisions of anti-discounting statutes. Founded by World War II veteran Eugene Ferkauf and his friend, Joe Zwillenberg, E. J. Korvette did much to define the idea of a discount department store.  It displaced earlier five and dime retailers and preceded later discount stores, like Walmart, and warehouse clubs such as Costco.

The company failed to properly manage its business success, which led to decline and its 1980 bankruptcy and closure.
Szczurek
Szczurek is a Polish surname meaning "little rat". Notable people with the surname include:

Łukasz Szczurek (born 1988), Polish biathlete

Mateusz Szczurek (born 1975), Polish economist and politician

Wojciech Szczurek (born 1963), Polish politician

Wojciech Szczurek
Wojciech Bogusław Szczurek (born 1 December 1963) is a Polish politician who served as the mayor of Gdynia from 1998 to 2024. He was also the Advisor to the President of the Republic of Poland – Lech Kaczyński for local government.
2024 Minnesota Republican presidential primary
The 2024 Minnesota Republican presidential primary was held on March 5, 2024, as part of the Republican Party primaries for the 2024 presidential election. 39 delegates to the 2024 Republican National Convention were allocated on a winner-take-all basis. The contest was held on Super Tuesday alongside primaries in 14 other states.

Trump won more than two thirds of the popular vote and swept every county in the state. Conversely, Haley performed best in the Hennepin and Ramsey counties, where the Twin Cities of Minneapolis and Saint Paul are respectively located.

Super Tuesday
Super Tuesday is the United States presidential primary election day in February or March when the greatest number of U.S. states hold primary elections and caucuses. Approximately one-third of all delegates to the presidential nominating conventions can be won on Super Tuesday, more than on any other day. The results on Super Tuesday are therefore a strong indicator of the likely eventual presidential nominee of each political party.

The particular states holding primaries on Super Tuesday have varied from year to year because each state selects its election day separate from one another.

Tuesday is the traditional day for elections in the United States. The phrase Super Tuesday has been used to refer to presidential primary elections since at least 1976. It is an unofficial term used by journalists and political pundits.
Maenggolgundo
Maenggolgundo (Korean: 맹골군도), also Maenggol Kundo, is an archipelago in Maenggoldo-ri, Jodo-myeon, Jindo County, South Jeolla Province, South Korea. It consists of six islands. Three of the islands are inhabited: (from north to south) Jukdo (죽도), Maenggoldo (맹골도), and Gwakdo (곽도). Three are uninhabited islets: Myeongdo (명도), Mongdeokdo (몽덕도), and Sojukdo (소죽도).

The archipelago receives its name from the largest of its islands, Maenggoldo.

The archipelago formed when a mountain range was submerged by rising sea levels over time. Most of the islands' cliffs are rocky and steep. There is little land suitable for agriculture, so most of its inhabitants are involved in fishing. The fishing grounds are considered rich, with tourists visiting to fish as well. Many boats stop by the islands while fishing in the area.

Islet
An islet (/ˈaɪlət/ EYE-lət) is generally a small island. Definitions vary and are not precise, but some suggest that an islet is a very small, often unnamed, island with little or no vegetation unable to support human habitation. It may be made of rock, sand and/or hard coral; may be permanent or tidal (i.e. surfaced reef or seamount); and may exist in the sea, lakes, rivers or any other sizeable bodies of water.
Amphilogia gyrosa
Amphilogia gyrosa is a species of sac fungus in the family Cryphonectriaceae. It is the type species for the genus Amphilogia. It was described from Sri Lanka but has been found on hinau, Elaeocarpus hookerianus and Elaeocarpus glandulifer trees in New Zealand. Until a revision in 2005, the species was classified in the genus Cryphonectria. This species has been confused in the literature with Endothia gyrosa but is morphologically and phylogenetically distinct.

Elaeocarpus dentatus
Elaeocarpus dentatus, commonly known as hinau (Māori: hīnau), is a native lowland forest tree of New Zealand. Other names in Māori for the tree are hangehange, pōkākā, and whīnau.

A member of the family Elaeocarpaceae, it is found on both the North and South Islands of New Zealand, but not on Stewart Island. The leaves are dark green, with a toothed edge. On the underside of the leaf, small domatia are present. Clusters of small white flowers are produced in spring, and in late summer the flowers form into a fleshy fruit.

It was officially first recorded for science by botanists Joseph Banks and Daniel Solander on 5 November 1769.
Evelyn Richter
Evelyn Richter (31 January 1930 – 10 October 2021) was a German art photographer known primarily for social documentary photography work in East Germany. She is notable for her black & white photography in which she documented working-class life, and which often showed influences of Dadaism and futurism. Her photography is focused on people in everyday life, including children, workers (especially women), artists and musicians.

She taught photography both at the Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig, where she had studied, from 1981, as in the 1990s, at the Fachhochschule in Bielefeld. Her work became known internationally only after German reunification.

She received awards such as the Culture Award from the German Society for Photography, the Art Prize of Dresden, and the Bernd und Hilla Becher-Preis for her life's work.

Monochrome photography
Monochrome photography  is photography where each position on an image can record and show a different amount of light (value), but not a different color (hue). The majority of monochrome photographs produced today are black-and-white, either from a gelatin silver process, or as digital photography. Other hues besides grey can be used to create monochrome photography, but brown and sepia tones are the result of older processes like the albumen print, and cyan tones are the product of cyanotype prints.

As monochrome photography provides an inherently less complete reproduction than color photography, it is mostly used for artistic purposes and certain technical imaging applications.
Oliver J. Lee
Oliver J. Lee (January 7, 1876 – August 11, 1947) was an American educator, farmer, and politician.

Lee was born in Leon Township, Goodhue County, Minnesota and went to the Goodhue County public schools. He graduated from the Red Wing Seminary in Red Wing, Minnesota in 1897. Lee also went to the Northern Illinois University and to the Dixon Business College in Dixon, Illinois. Lee was an instructor in bookkeeping and shorthand at the business college in Iowa City, Iowa. He was a farmer and public school teacher. He lived in Zumbrota, Minnesota with his wife and family. Lee served in the Minnesota House of Representatives from 1919 to 1922.

Red Wing Seminary
Red Wing  Seminary was a Lutheran Church seminary which operated from 1879 to 1932 in Red Wing, Minnesota, United States, with brick buildings on a bluff called College Hill overlooking the Mississippi River.
Edgar Williamson Jr.
Edgar Williamson Jr. (November 24, 1903 - April 1981) was an American Republican Party politician who served four terms in the New Jersey General Assembly.  He attended public schools in East Orange, New Jersey and worked as a Realtor and insurance executive.  He was the Vice President of Firemen's Insurance Company.  He served as a member of the East Orange Zoning Board of Adjustment, and as Chairman of the Essex County Young Republicans.  He was elected to the New Jersey State Assembly in 1937, and was re-elected in 1938, 1939 and 1940. Williamson was a member of the Sons of the American Revolution and served as its President General from 1955 through 1956.

He was a descendant of Richard Williamson (1593–1659), who emigrated to the United States from England in 1607.

Young Republicans
The Young Republican National Federation (YRNF), commonly referred to as the Young Republicans (YR), is a 527 organization for members of the Republican Party of the United States between the ages of 18 and 40. It has both a national organization and chapters in individual states.

Although frequently confused, the YRNF is separate from the College Republicans.

Young Republican clubs are both social and political in nature. Many of them sponsor various social events and networking events for members. In addition, Young Republican clubs assist Republican political candidates and causes.

In 2025, Politico released over 2,900 pages of messages from a leaked Young Republicans group chat that included racist, antisemitic and violent rhetoric. This led to the removal and firing of several high-ranking leaders of the organization, including some who held political positions or worked for elected officials.
Richard Howell (cricketer)
Richard Thomas James Howell (born 2 January 1982) is an English cricketer.  Howell is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm medium pace and who occasionally plays as a wicketkeeper.  He was born in Gloucester, Gloucestershire and was educated at Cheltenham College.

Howell represented the Gloucestershire Cricket Board in 3 List A matches.  These came against the Nottinghamshire Cricket Board in the 2000 NatWest Trophy and Huntingdonshire and the Yorkshire Cricket Board in the 1st and 2nd rounds of the 2002 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy which were both held in 2002. In his 3 List A matches, he scored 35 runs at a batting average of 35.00, with a high score of 20*. With the ball he took a single wicket at a bowling average of 35.00, with best figures of 1/35.

Gloucestershire Cricket Board
The Gloucestershire Cricket Board (GCB) is the governing body for all recreational cricket in the historic county of Gloucestershire.

From 1999 to 2003 the Board fielded a team in the early rounds of English domestic one-day tournament matches, which had List A status. They played a total of seven List A games, winning two.
Shami Kermashani
Shami Kermashani (Kurdish: شامیی کرماشانی, lit. 'Şamî Kirmaşanî',), also known as Shamurad Mushtaq  (1927–November 23, 1984), was a famous Kurdish poet from the city of Kermanshah, Iran, also known as Iranian Kurdistan. He has composed most of his poems in Southern Kurdish dialect. He became blind at the age of four because of smallpox.

Southern Kurdish
Southern Kurdish, also known by its endonym Xwarin, is a Kurdish language variety, spoken predominantly in northeastern Iraq and western Iran. The Southern Kurdish-speaking region spans from Khanaqin in Iraq to Dehloran southward and Asadabad eastward in Iran.
Tonight (FM album)
Tonight is the sixth album by FM, a progressive rock group from Toronto, Ontario, Canada, released on Duke Street Records in 1987.  It was their last studio album for 28 years. Further albums of live and demo material were issued between this period. It reached #87 on the Canadian charts, November 28, 1987

Two members of this version of the group did not appear on any other FM albums: Simon Brierley (ex Lee Aaron's band and Strange Advance) on guitars, and Greg Critchley (ex Portland Bros. and The Spoons) on drums, the latter replacing Martin Deller.  Other lineups of FM were notable for not using electric guitars, therefore this change made a significant alteration to their sound.

Duke Street Records
Duke Street Records was a Canadian independent record label established in 1984 by Andrew Hermant, but the record label ceased operating in 1994.  The Universal Music Group took over the label when it halted operations.

The label released albums in a wide variety of genres by artists such as Art Bergmann, The Front,  Jane Siberry, FM, Rik Emmett, Willie P. Bennett, Rob McConnell, Scott Merritt, Chalk Circle, Valdy, Manteca, Don Ross, Eye Eye, Neo A4, and Barbara Lynch.

In 1995, Hermant donated his entire archive of Duke Street material to the Music Archives at the National Library of Canada. This 24-year collection includes over 2,100 audio tapes and a 30 cm stack of textual records, including promotional material and photographs.
James Street (Hamilton, Ontario)
James Street is a Lower City arterial road in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. It starts off at the base of the Niagara Escarpment from James Mountain Road, a mountain-access road in the city. It was one of many arterials in the central business district converted to one-way operation in 1956 when the city retained Wilbur Smith and Associates to develop a Traffic and Transportation Plan. Parts of it were restored to two-way operation in 2002. It extends north to the city's waterfront at the North End where it ends at Guise Street West right in front of the Harbour West Marina Complex and the Royal Hamilton Yacht Club.

One can reach the Bruce Trail via James Street South. The trail cuts through the city along the Niagara Escarpment (mountain) and is used by locals and visitors alike.

John Weir Foote
John Weir Foote, VC CD (May 5, 1904 – May 2, 1988) was a Canadian military chaplain and politician. He received the Victoria Cross for his actions during the Dieppe Raid in 1942. Foote is the only Canadian chaplain to be awarded the Victoria Cross. After the war he was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario and served as a Progressive Conservative member from 1948 to 1959. He represented the riding of Durham. He served as a cabinet minister in the government of Leslie Frost.
Craig Flournoy
John Craig Flournoy (born June 26, 1951 in Shreveport, Louisiana, USA) is a journalism professor at the University of Cincinnati and a former investigative reporter for The Dallas Morning News, at which his work included coverage of the latter portion of the civil rights movement.

He has taught since 2014 at Cincinnati. From 2003 to 2013, he taught at Southern Methodist University, where in 1986, he received a Master of Arts degree in history. He formerly taught courses on computer-assisted reporting, investigative reporting, history of American journalism, and communication law briefly at the University of Cincinnati. From 1997 to 1998, while on leave from The Dallas Morning News, he was the Phillip G. Warner Professor of Journalism at Sam Houston State University in Huntsville, Texas.

Sam Houston State University
Sam Houston State University (Sam Houston, SHSU or Sam) is a public research university in Huntsville, Texas, United States. Founded in 1879, it is the third-oldest public college or university in Texas. It is one of the first normal schools west of the Mississippi River and the first in Texas. The school is named for statesman Sam Houston, who made his home in the city and is buried there.

SHSU is a member of the Texas State University System and has an enrollment of more than 20,000 students across over 80 undergraduate, 59 master's, and 10 doctoral degree programs. It also offers more than 20 online bachelor's and graduate degrees. It is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity."
Plestiodon laticeps
The broad-headed skink or broadhead skink (Plestiodon laticeps) is species of lizard, endemic to the southeastern United States. The broadhead skink occurs in sympatry with the five-lined skink (Plestiodon fasciatus) and Southeastern five-lined skink (Plestiodon inexpectatus) in forest of the Southeastern United States. All three species are phenotypically similar throughout much of their development and were considered a single species prior to the mid-1930s.

Sympatry
In biology, two closely related species or populations are considered sympatric when they exist in the same geographic area and thus frequently encounter each other. An initially interbreeding population that splits into two or more distinct species sharing a common range exemplifies sympatric speciation. Such speciation may be a product of reproductive isolation – which prevents hybrid offspring from being viable or able to reproduce, thereby reducing gene flow – that results in genetic divergence. Sympatric speciation may, but need not, arise through secondary contact, which refers to speciation or divergence in allopatry followed by range expansions leading to an area of sympatry. Sympatric species or taxa in secondary contact may or may not interbreed.
Chladni's law
Chladni's law, named after Ernst Chladni, relates the frequency of modes of vibration for flat circular surfaces with fixed center as a function of the numbers m of diametric (linear) nodes and n of radial (circular) nodes.  It is stated as the equation

where C and p are coefficients which depend on the properties of the plate.

For flat circular plates, p is roughly 2, but Chladni's law can also be used to describe the vibrations of cymbals, handbells, and church bells in which case p can vary from 1.4 to 2.4. In fact, p can even vary for a single object, depending on which family of modes is being examined.

Handbell
A handbell is a bell designed to be rung by hand. To ring a handbell, a ringer grasps the bell by its slightly flexible handle – traditionally made of leather, but often now made of plastic – and moves the arm to make the hinged clapper strike the inside of the bell. An individual handbell can be used simply as a signal to catch people's attention or summon them together, but handbells are also often heard in tuned sets.
NGC 2040
NGC 2040 is an open star cluster located 160,000 light years away in the constellation of Dorado. It is a young group of stars in one of the largest star formation regions of the Large Magellanic Cloud.

Star formation
Star formation is the process by which dense regions within molecular clouds in interstellar space—sometimes referred to as "stellar nurseries" or "star-forming regions"—collapse and form stars. As a branch of astronomy, star formation includes the study of the interstellar medium (ISM) and giant molecular clouds (GMC) as precursors to the star formation process, and the study of protostars and young stellar objects as its immediate products.  It is closely related to planet formation, another branch of astronomy.  Star formation theory, as well as accounting for the formation of a single star, must also account for the statistics of binary stars and the initial mass function. Most stars do not form in isolation but as part of a group of stars referred to as star clusters or stellar associations.