hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Aref Tayfour
Aref Tayfour is the former Deputy Speaker of the Iraqi National Assembly from 2010 to 2014. He was succeeded by Aram Sheikh Mohammad from the Gorran Movement. A member of the Kurdistan Democratic Party, he was elected to the post by the Assembly on 22 April 2006 and after new legislative elections in 2010 he was re-elected to the post in November 2010. He also served as the Deputy President of the National Assembly under the Iraqi Transitional Government.

Tayfour was born in Dokan, As Sulaymaniyah Governorate, Iraqi Kurdistan in 1945. He graduated in law from Baghdad University in 1970. He originally joined the Hiywa Kurdish party before joining the KDP in 1967. He fled to Iran in 1974 and then to Austria. He returned to Iraqi Kurdistan in 1991. In 2003 he returned to Baghdad to lead the KDP's branch.

Kurdistan Democratic Party
The Kurdistan Democratic Party (Kurdish: پارتی دیموکراتی کوردستان, romanized: Partiya Demokrat a Kurdistanê), usually abbreviated as KDP or PDK, is the ruling party in Iraqi Kurdistan and the senior partner in the Kurdistan Regional Government. It was founded in 1946 in Mahabad in Iranian Kurdistan. The party states that it combines "democratic values and social justice to form a system whereby everyone in Kurdistan can live on an equal basis with great emphasis given to rights of individuals and freedom of expression."

The KDP is dominated by the Barzani tribe and the party's stated ideologies are conservatism, secularism, and Kurdish nationalism.
Kompromat
Kompromat (Russian: компромат, IPA: [kəmprɐˈmat] ⓘ, short for компрометирующий материал, variously translated as "compromising material", "discrediting material", or "incriminating material"), is damaging information about a person or a group, commonly a politician, businessperson, or other public figure, which may be used for negative campaigning or smear campaigning to discredit the person or group. It can also be used for blackmail purposes, often to exert influence over a person rather than for monetary gain, and extortion. In English it is also called "dark PR" or "black PR". Kompromat may be acquired from security agencies or intelligence agencies, or outright forged, and then publicized, e.g., via a public relations official.

Intelligence agency
An intelligence agency is a government agency operating as a secret service responsible for the collection, analysis, and exploitation of information in support of law enforcement, national security, military, public safety, and foreign policy objectives.

Means of information gathering are both overt and covert and may include espionage, communication interception, cryptanalysis, cooperation with other institutions, and evaluation of public sources. The assembly and propagation of this information is known as intelligence analysis or intelligence assessment.
Solanum luteoalbum
Solanum luteoalbum is a species of plant in the family Solanaceae.

Solanum semicoalitum as described by Bitter is an invalid name for this plant that is sometimes still seen. Altogether, the following synonyms are assigned to this species:

Cyphomandra luteoalba (Pers.) A.Child

Cyphomandra luteoalbum (Pers.) A.Child ex Bohs

Solanum luteoalbum var. tunya J.F.Macbr.

Solanum pubescens Ruiz & Pav. (non Willd.: preoccupied)

S. pubescens Roxb. is a nomen nudum. S. pubescens B.Heyne ex Walp. is S. violaceum Ortega.

Solanum semicoalitum Bitter

The puzzling S. semicoalitum was classified as Critically Endangered endemic of Ecuador by the IUCN, before it was synonymized with the more widespread S. luteoalbum.

Nomen nudum
In taxonomy, a nomen nudum ('naked name'; plural nomina nuda) is a designation which looks exactly like a scientific name of an organism, and may have originally been intended to be one, but it has not been published with an adequate description. This makes it a "bare" or "naked" name, which cannot be accepted as it stands. A largely equivalent but much less frequently used term is nomen tantum ("name only"). Sometimes, "nomina nuda" is erroneously considered a synonym for the term "unavailable names". However, not all unavailable names are nomina nuda which applies to published names, i.e. any published name that does not fulfill the requirements of Article 12 (if published before 1931) or Article 13 (if published after 1930). Similarly, a species might be published with a partial or incomplete description that is not enough to follow the rules of publication. This will be described as nomen subnudum (abbreviated nom. subnud.) or occasionally as seminudum.
Do You Remember the First Time?
"Do You Remember the First Time?" is a song by British rock band Pulp, taken from their fourth studio album, His 'n' Hers (1994). With lyrics loosely based on Pulp frontman Jarvis Cocker's loss of virginity, the song saw some controversy for its sexual topic. Released as the second single from His 'n' Hers, the song reached number 33 in the UK, becoming the band's first top-40 hit in that country. The single was accompanied by a lengthy music video featuring celebrities discussing how they lost their virginity. The song has since become one of the band's most famous songs and has seen critical acclaim. The track also notably served as the band's opening song on their reunion tour setlist.

Russell Senior
Russell Senior (born 18 May 1961) is a British musician, record producer, and playwright. He is best known as the former guitarist and violinist of Pulp and Venini as well as for his production work with The Long Blondes and Art Brut.
Yuelu, Changsha
Yuelu District (simplified Chinese: 岳麓区; traditional Chinese: 嶽麓區; pinyin: Yuèlù qū) is one of six urban districts and the municipal seat of the prefecture-level city of Changsha, the capital of Hunan Province, China. It is the 4th most populous district (after Heshan, Dingcheng and Yueyanglou Districts) in Hunan. The district is bordered to the north by Wangcheng District, to the west by Ningxiang County, to the south by Yuhu District of Xiangtan City, across the Xiang river to the west by Tianxin, Furong and Kaifu Districts. Located on the west bank of the Xiang River, as the western part of the City proper, the district is named after Mount Yuelu, one of the national parks, Yuelu District covers 538.83 km2 (208.04 sq mi) with registered population of 644,834 and resident population of 818,900 (as of 2014). The district has 16 subdistricts and 2 towns under its jurisdiction, with its administrative centre at Wangyue (望岳街道).

Dingcheng, Changde
Dingcheng District (simplified Chinese: 鼎城区; traditional Chinese: 鼎城區; pinyin: Dǐngchéng Qū) is one of two urban districts in Changde City, Hunan Province, China; it is also the 2nd most populous district (after Heshan District) in Hunan. The district is bordered to the north by Anxiang County, Jinshi City and Linli County, to the west by Taoyuan County, to the north by Anhua and Taojiang Counties, and to the east by Hanshou County. Wuling District is in the central west of Dingcheng District. Dingcheng is the largest district by population or by area in Hunan, covering an area of 2,322.5 kilometres (1,443.1 mi) with a registered population of 764,700 (as of 2015). It is divided into four subdistricts, 19 towns and one township, and its government seat is Hongyun Subdistrict (红云街道).
2018 NASCAR K&N Pro Series East
The 2018 NASCAR K&N Pro Series East was the 32nd season of the K&N Pro Series East, a regional stock car racing series sanctioned by NASCAR. It began with the New Smyrna 175 at New Smyrna Speedway on February 11 and concluded with the Crosley 125 at Dover International Speedway on October 6. Harrison Burton entered the season as the defending Drivers' champion. Tyler Ankrum won the championship, 84 points in front of Tyler Dippel.

New Smyrna Speedway
New Smyrna Speedway is a 0.500 mi (0.805 km) asphalt oval racetrack located near New Smyrna Beach, Florida, that races the NASCAR Advance Auto Parts Weekly Series every Saturday night. It also has a smaller track, known as "Little New Smyrna Speedway" in the infield. This track races quarter midgets on Friday nights.
Shawn Barber (American football)
Shawn William Barber (born January 14, 1975) is an American former professional football player who was a linebacker in the National Football League (NFL).  He played college football for the Richmond Spiders and was selected by the Washington Redskins in the fourth round of the 1998 NFL draft. He also played for the Philadelphia Eagles, Kansas City Chiefs and Houston Texans.

Richmond Spiders football
The Richmond Spiders are a college football team representing the University of Richmond in Richmond, Virginia. Richmond was the NCAA Division I Football Championship Subdivision champion for the 2008 season. Richmond competes as an associate member of the Patriot League that competes in the NCAA's Division I Football Championship Subdivision. Former University of Tennessee at Chattanooga head coach Russ Huesman was named head coach of the Spiders, on December 14, 2016, replacing Danny Rocco who had departed to become head coach at the University of Delaware a day earlier.

In 2008, No. 7 Richmond beat Eastern Kentucky, Appalachian State, and Northern Iowa to advance to the NCAA Division I Football Championship against Montana. In the FCS National Championship Game on December 19, 2008, they defeated Montana 24–7 to win the first team NCAA national title for the University of Richmond in any sport.
2018 Corrigan Oil 200
The 2018 Corrigan Oil 200 was the 15th stock car race of the 2018 NASCAR Camping World Truck Series season and the 19th iteration of the event. The race was held on Saturday, August 11, 2018, in Brooklyn, Michigan at Michigan International Speedway, a two-mile (3.2 km) permanent moderate-banked D-shaped speedway. The race took the scheduled 100 laps to complete. In a photo finish, Hattori Racing Enterprises driver Brett Moffitt would edge out eventual second-place finisher Johnny Sauter of GMS Racing by 0.025 seconds to win his fifth career NASCAR Camping World Truck Series win and his fourth win of the season. To fill out the podium, John Hunter Nemechek of NEMCO Motorsports finished third.

Brett Moffitt
Brett Bradley Moffitt (born August 7, 1992) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He last competed part-time in the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series, driving the No. 1 Toyota Tundra TRD Pro for Tricon Garage and the No. 4 Chevrolet Silverado RST for Hettinger Racing and part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the No. 19 Toyota GR Supra for Joe Gibbs Racing.

Moffitt won Rookie of the Year Honors in 2015 in the NASCAR Cup Series and won the 2018 NASCAR Camping World Truck Series Championship.
Ralph Robins
Sir Ralph Harry Robins FREng (born 16 June 1932), was the CEO of Rolls-Royce. He served 20 years on the board of Rolls-Royce, retiring in 2003 after 10 years as chairman. After retiring from Rolls-Royce, he was appointed a non-executive director of Marshall Group in 2004.

He graduated from Imperial College London and joined Rolls-Royce as a graduate apprentice in 1955.  During his career he worked on the development of civil aero engines, was executive vice president of the company's American operations, managing director of its Industrial and Marine Division and Commercial Director of the company. Robins is a former chairman of the National Defence Industries Council, former president of the Society of British Aerospace Companies and a director of several international companies. He was appointed a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering in 1988.  He is a deputy lieutenant of Derbyshire and a Freeman of the City of London.

Society of British Aerospace Companies
The Society of British Aerospace Companies (SBAC, formerly Society of British Aircraft Constructors) was the UK's national trade association representing companies supplying civil air transport, aerospace defence, homeland security and space. As of October 2009 SBAC merged with the Defence Manufacturers Association and the Association of Police and Public Security Suppliers to form the ADS Group.

The SBAC organises the Farnborough Airshow.
Fourth Bridge
Notable bridges named Fourth Bridge include:

Fourth Nanjing Yangtze Bridge, across Yangtze River in Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.

Godavari Fourth Bridge, across Godavari River in Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Fourth Thai–Lao Friendship Bridge, across Mekong River (and Thai-Lao border).

Fourth Panama Canal Bridge, a Panama Canal crossing under construction.

Fourth Mainland Bridge, a proposed Lagos Lagoon crossing in Lagos, Nigeria.

Fourth Thai–Lao Friendship Bridge
The Fourth Thai–Lao Friendship Bridge is a highway bridge over the Mekong River that links the Chiang Khong District, Chiang Rai Province of Thailand and Houayxay in Laos.  The bridge opened to the public on 11 December 2013.  The bridge was the last section of Asian Highway 3 to be built.

Traffic on the bridge drives on the right, as in Laos, while traffic in Thailand drives on the left; the lane-change is on the Thai side.
Jiujiang Lushan Airport
Jiujiang Lushan Airport (IATA: JIU, ICAO: ZSJJ) is an airport serving Jiujiang, a city in the province of Jiangxi in China. The airport began operations on June 18, 1998. All flights from the airport were suspended on March 21, 2015. The airport reopened on October 31, 2021.

Provinces of China
Provinces (Chinese: 省; pinyin: Shěng) are the most numerous type of province-level divisions, the first-level subdivisions of the People's Republic of China (PRC). There are currently 22 provinces administered by the PRC, and one further province that is claimed but not administered, which is Taiwan.

The local governments of Chinese provinces consist of a Provincial People's Government headed by a governor that acts as the executive, a Provincial People's Congress with legislative powers, and a parallel provincial branch of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) that elects a party secretary and a provincial standing committee.
Oymasha Lake
Oymasha, also Small Oymasha (Malaya Oymasha, Uzbek: кіші Оймаша, romanized: Kishi Oymasha) is a lake in Munaily District, Mangystau Region, Kazakhstan in the suburbs of the city of Aktau.

It is located between Aktau and the village of Atameken, Munaily District  and is surrounded by a number of private residential areas. Its water is multicolored, some parts are pink and some are green. Its area is 62 hectares and the depth is several meters.
As of 2025, the lake area is ecologically endangered due to its high salinity and alleged radioactive  contamination (being used for disposal of waste waters from the uranium enrichment factory in Aktau in Soviet times); also due to an illegal landfill in a private plot by the lake.

Mangystau Region
Mangystau (Kazakh: Маңғыстау, romanized: Mañğystau), formerly known as Mangyshlak (Russian: Мангышлак) from 1973 until 1988, is a region of Kazakhstan. Its capital is Aqtau (a seaport), which has a population of 183,350 (2017); the entire Mangystau Province has a population of 745,909 (2022).
Yessotoxin
Yessotoxins are a group of lipophilic, sulfur bearing polyether toxins that are related to ciguatoxins. They are produced by a variety of dinoflagellates, most notably Lingulodinium polyedrum and Gonyaulax spinifera.

When the environmental conditions encourage the growth of YTX producing dinoflagellates, the toxin(s) bioaccumulate in edible tissues of bivalve molluscs, including mussels, scallops, and clams, thus allowing entry of YTX into the food chain.

Ether
In organic chemistry, ethers are a class of compounds that contain an ether group, a single oxygen atom bonded to two separate carbon atoms, each part of an organyl group (e.g., alkyl or aryl). They have the general formula R−O−R′, where R and R′ represent the organyl groups. Ethers can again be classified into two varieties: if the organyl groups are the same on both sides of the oxygen atom, then it is a simple or symmetrical ether, whereas if they are different, the ethers are called mixed or unsymmetrical ethers. A typical example of the first group is the solvent and anaesthetic diethyl ether, commonly referred to simply as "ether" (CH3−CH2−O−CH2−CH3). Ethers are common in organic chemistry and even more prevalent in biochemistry, as they are common linkages in carbohydrates and lignin.
Time Breakers
Time Breakers is a five-issue comic book limited series published in 1997 under the short-lived DC Comics imprint Helix. It was written by Rachel Pollack and illustrated by Chris Weston.

Time Breakers narrates the exploits of a self-recruited team of time travellers dedicated to the creation of time paradoxes in the belief that this is the only method to prevent the destruction of time itself. Contrary to the performance of most other Helix titles, Time Breakers gained a loyal readership yet the overall poor sales figures of the Helix line dissuaded DC from renewing the title for an additional series.

Imprint (trade name)
An imprint of a publisher is a trade name under which it publishes a work. A single publishing company may have multiple imprints, often using the different names as brands to market works to various demographic consumer segments.
Kehila Kedosha Janina
Kehila Kedosha Janina (Holy Community of Janina) is a synagogue located at 280 Broome Street between Allen and Eldridge Streets on the Lower East Side of Manhattan, New York City, New York, United States.

The synagogue is the only Romaniote rite synagogue in the Western Hemisphere. Romaniote traditions are separate from those of both Sephardic and Ashkenazi Judaism, deriving their lineage in the Eastern Mediterranean for nearly 2000 years, long before the Spanish Inquisition.

The building was built between 1925 and 1927 and was designed by Sydney Daub in the Classical Revival and Moorish Revival styles. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 30, 1999, and was designated a New York City Landmark on May 11, 2004. After the city provided a $50,000 grant, the synagogue underwent a major restoration in 2006 by architect Leonard Colchamiro, a descendant of one of the community's original founders.

Allen Street
Allen Street is a street in the New York City borough of Manhattan which runs north-south through the Lower Manhattan neighborhood of Chinatown and the Lower East Side.  It is continued north of Houston Street as First Avenue. South of Division Street, it is known as Pike Street to its southern terminus at South Street. The northbound and southbound roadways are separated by a meridian mall, which has two bike lanes located outside the meridian mall; each bike lane is unidirectional. The street's namesake was Master Commandant William Henry Allen, the youngest person to command a Navy ship in the War of 1812. He was killed in action at the age of 28. His exploits included the capture of the British ship HMS Macedonian.
Tan Teik Cheng
Tan Teik Cheng (born 17 March 1961) is a Malaysian politician who served as Member of the Penang State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Padang Lalang from March 2004 to March 2008. He is a member and State Chairman of Penang of the Malaysian Chinese Association (MCA), a component party of the Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition. He has also served as the Vice President of MCA since November 2018.

Padang Lalang
Padang Lalang is a state constituency in Penang, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Penang State Legislative Assembly.

The state constituency was first contested in 1986 and is mandated to return a single assemblyman to the Penang State Legislative Assembly under the first-past-the-post voting system. It has been represented by Member of the State Executive Council (EXCO) Daniel Gooi Zi Sen since 2023.
William Thompson (archdeacon of Cork)
William Thompson (1766–1833) was Archdeacon of Cork from 1800 until his death.

Thompson was born in County Fermanagh and educated at Trinity College, Dublin. He was the incumbent at St Peter, Cork.

He married Mary Chetwode, daughter of the Reverend John  Chetwode of Glanmire, County Cork and Elizabeth Hamilton, and sister of the writer Anna Maria Chetwode. They had at least one daughter, Lucy. She married the Reverend John Fitzgerald Day of Beaufort, County Kerry. John was the natural son of Mr Justice Robert Day of the Court of King's Bench (Ireland) and his companion (later his second wife) Mary Fitzgerald of Bandon, County Cork. Lucy and John's daughter Anna married as his second wife Charles Towry-Law, 3rd Baron Ellenborough.

Glanmire
Glanmire (Irish: Gleann Maghair) is a suburban town within the administrative area of Cork city, in the civil parish of Rathcooney, County Cork, Ireland.

The greater Glanmire area encompasses the communities of Riverstown (Baile Roisín), Brooklodge (Cill Ruadháin) and Sallybrook (Sruthán na Saileach).
Brian Norton (rugby league)
Brian Norton (27 December 1944 – 22 April 2018) nicknamed "Chicka" was an Australian rugby league footballer who played in the 1960s and 1970s and coached in the 1980s. He played in the NSWRFL premiership for North Sydney and St George as a prop.

New South Wales Rugby League premiership
The New South Wales Rugby League premiership was the first rugby league football club competition established in Australia and contributor to today's National Rugby League. Run by the New South Wales Rugby League (initially named the New South Wales Rugby Football League) from 1908 until 1994, the premiership was the state's elite rugby league competition, parallel to Queensland's first-class league, the Brisbane Rugby League.

For most of the premiership's history it was contested by clubs from the state of New South Wales only, but later attempted to grow into a nationwide competition, eventually leading to the competition being played under the auspices of the Australian Rugby League in 1995.  Despite this name, the 1995 and 1996 Australian Rugby League Premierships competitions were still administered by the Board and staff of the New South Wales Rugby League.
2010 Samarkand Challenger
The 2010 Samarkand Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor red clay courts. It was the fourteenth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2010 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Samarkand, Uzbekistan between 9 and 14 August 2010.

Andrej Martin
Andrej Martin (Slovak pronunciation: [ˈandrej ˈmartin]; born 20 September 1989, in Bratislava) is a Slovak professional tennis player. He achieved his career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 93 in February 2020 and a doubles ranking of world No. 69 on 11 July 2016.
Pavol Michalík
Pavol Michálik  (born 29 November 1951) was a former Slovak football goalkeeper. He played for Dukla Banská Bystrica, FC Baník Ostrava and ŠK Slovan Bratislava. His surname was written wrong in his career life as Michalík.

FC Baník Ostrava
FC Baník Ostrava is a professional football club from Ostrava in the Czech Republic. The club competes in the Czech First League, the top tier of Czech football.

Founded in 1922 as SK Slezská Ostrava, Baník has won the Czech First League once, as well as the Czechoslovak First League three times. Internationally the club won the Mitropa Cup in 1988 and the Mitropa Super Cup the following year.
Victoriana Mejía Marulanda
María Dora Victoriana Mejía Marulanda (born 23 April 1943) is a Colombian diplomat who was the Ambassador of Colombia to Sweden. Prior to her ambassadorship, Mejía served as First Secretary of the Colombian Embassy in Brussels from 1994 to 1997 when she was promoted to the rank of Consul General in that same city and remained in that post until 1998.

Diplomatic rank
Diplomatic rank is a system of professional and social rank used in the world of diplomacy and international relations. A diplomat's rank determines many ceremonial details, such as the order of precedence at official processions, table seatings at state dinners, the person to whom diplomatic credentials should be presented, and the title by which the diplomat should be addressed.