hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Yardley Warner
Yardley Warner (1815–1885) was a Quaker educator, lawyer, and minister who helped establish schools for African Americans after the American Civil War.

Warner was born in Pennsylvania. He established the neighborhood now known as Warnersville in Greensboro, North Carolina, selling lots to African Americans. In 1876 he established Warner Institute in Jonesboro, Tennessee.

Jonesborough, Tennessee
Jonesborough (/ˈdʒoʊnzbʌrə/; historically also Jonesboro) is a town in and the county seat of Washington County, Tennessee, in the Southeastern United States. Its population was 5,860 as of 2020. It is "Tennessee's oldest town".

Jonesborough is part of the Johnson City metropolitan area, which is a component of the "Tri-Cities" region.
Nan'an, Fujian
Nan'an (Chinese: 南安; pinyin: Nán'ān; Tâi-lô: Lâm-uann; lit. 'southern peace') is a county-level city of southern Fujian Province, People's Republic of China. It is under the administration of Quanzhou City and as of 2023, had a total population of 1,663,542. More than 4,000,000 overseas Chinese trace their ancestry to Nan'an.

Overseas Chinese
Overseas Chinese people or the Chinese diaspora are a diaspora people of Chinese origin who reside outside Greater China (mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan). As of 2011, there were over 40.3 million overseas Chinese. As of 2023, there were 10.5 million people living outside mainland China who were born in mainland China, corresponding to 0.7 percent of China's population. Overall, China has a low percent of its population living overseas.
Oligosoma taumakae
Oligosoma taumakae, the Open Bay Island(s) skink, or Taumaka skink, is a species of skink.  It was described from the Open Bay Islands, off the west coast of the South Island of New Zealand.

This species is diagnosed on the basis of several morphological characteristics, and its specific status is supported by mitochondrial sequence data (ND2, ND4). The new species appears to be most closely related to Oligosoma acrinasum, Oligosoma infrapunctatum, Oligosoma otagense and Oligosoma waimatense. Predation by a flightless rail, the weka, which is native to New Zealand, but was introduced to the Open Bay Islands, is a major conservation concern.

Until recently known only from the Open Bay Islands (both Taumaka and Popotai Islands), the species has subsequently been discovered on two apparently predator-free vegetated rock stacks located off the coast of Barn Bay, 52 km southwest of the Open Bay Islands.

Skink
Skinks are lizards that constitute the family Scincidae, which is part of the infraorder Scincomorpha. With more than 1,500 described species across 100 different taxonomic genera, the family Scincidae is one of the most diverse families of lizards. Skinks are characterized by their smaller legs in comparison to typical lizards and are found in different habitats except arctic and subarctic regions.
Saints Peter and Paul Cathedral (Ulaanbaatar)
The Saints Peter and Paul Cathedral is a Roman Catholic cathedral in Bayanzürkh, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, designed by Serbian architect Predrag Stupar and consecrated in 2003 by Cardinal Crescenzio Sepe; its shape resembles that of a yurt.

It is the official episcopal see of the Apostolic Prefecture of Ulaanbaatar.

Crescenzio Sepe
Crescenzio Sepe (Italian pronunciation: [kreʃˈʃɛntsjo ˈsɛːpe]; born 2 June 1943) is an Italian prelate of the Catholic Church who served as Archbishop of Naples from 2006 to 2020. He served in the Roman Curia as Prefect of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples from 2001 to 2006. He was made a cardinal in 2001. Before that he spent 25 years in increasingly important positions in the Roman Curia.
Tobian language
Tobian (ramarih Hatohobei, literally "the language of Tobi") is the language of Tobi, one of the Southwest Islands of Palau, and the main island of Hatohobei state. Tobian is a Micronesian language spoken by approximately 150 people, about 22 are native speakers. The speakers are located in either the island of Tobi or in Echang, a hamlet of Koror, the former capital of Palau. Tobian and Sonsorolese are very close, and appear to be gradually merging towards a new dialect called "Echangese". Earlier in the 20th century, about 1000 people lived on the island. Shortly before and during the First World War, those numbers dropped severely due to an abundance of disease.

Koror
Koror is the state comprising the main commercial centre of the Republic of Palau. It consists of several islands, the most prominent being Koror Island (also Oreor Island). It is Palau's most populous state; more people live in Koror than in the rest of Palau.
Torture in Belarus
Torture in Belarus became a widespread and systematic practice by the security forces of the Lukashenko regime following the presidential election in August 2020 and the outbreak of large-scale peaceful protests. International human rights organizations such as Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch, as well as UN bodies, have repeatedly stated the endemic nature of the cruel, inhuman, and degrading treatment of political prisoners and detained citizens.

In 2024, the UN Committee Against Torture published a report concluding undeniably that the use of torture is a systematic state practice in Belarus. These actions by security forces, who enjoy complete impunity, can be classified as crimes against humanity.

Committee Against Torture
The Committee Against Torture (CAT) is a treaty body of human rights experts that monitors implementation of the United Nations Convention against Torture by state parties. The committee is one of eight UN-linked human rights treaty bodies. All state parties are obliged under the convention to submit regular reports to the CAT on how rights are being implemented. Upon ratifying the convention, states must submit a report within one year, after which they are obliged to report every four years. The committee examines each report and addresses its concerns and recommendations to the state party in the form of "concluding observations." Under certain circumstances, the CAT may consider complaints or communications from individuals claiming that their rights under the convention have been violated.

The CAT usually meets in April/May and November each year in Geneva. Members are elected to four-year terms by state parties and can be re-elected if nominated.
Großbothen
Großbothen is a village and a former municipality in the Leipzig district in Saxony, Germany. Großbothen had an area of 33.45 km2 and a population of 3,453 (as of December 31, 2009). At a local government reform on 1 January 2011, the municipality was split up and divided over the towns Grimma and Colditz. The village Großbothen is now part of Grimma. Großbothen was the death place of Wilhelm Wundt.

Colditz
Colditz (German pronunciation: [ˈkɔldɪts] ⓘ) is a small town in the district of Leipzig, in Saxony, Germany. It is best known for Colditz Castle, the site of the Oflag IV-C POW camp for officers in World War II.
Lotar, Iran
Lotar (Persian: لطر, also Romanized as Loţar) is a village in Rudbar-e Mohammad-e Zamani Rural District, Alamut-e Gharbi District, Qazvin County, Qazvin Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 144, in 44 families.

Qazvin province
Qazvin province (Persian: استان قزوین; IPA: [ɢæzˈviːn] ⓘ) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. It is in the northwest of the country, with the city of Qazvin as its capital.

The province was carved out of Tehran and Zanjan provinces in 1997. The province was made a part of Region 1 upon the division of the provinces into 5 regions solely for coordination and development purposes on June 22, 2014.
Givi Onashvili
Givi Ivanovich Onashvili (born 27 July 1947) is a Georgian judoka who competed for the Soviet Union at the 1972 Summer Olympics, and won a bronze medal in the heavyweight class.

Onashvili won a bronze medal in the 1969 World Judo Championships in Mexico City. He is a double European Champion (London 1974 and Lyon 1975), three times silver medalist (Oostende 1969, Voorburg 1972 and Kiev 1976) and bronze medalist in Göteborg 1971. In 1976, he won a silver medal in the International Tournament of Paris.

1969 European Judo Championships
The 1969 European Judo Championships were the 18th edition of the European Judo Championships, and were held in Ostend, Belgium from 15 to 18 May 1969. Championships were subdivided into six individual competitions, and a separate team competition.
Chick (1928 film)
Chick is a 1928 British silent drama film directed by A. V. Bramble and starring Bramwell Fletcher, Trilby Clark and Chili Bouchier. The film was made at Islington Studios by British Lion. It was based on the 1923 novel of the same title by Edgar Wallace. It was remade in 1936 starring Sydney Howard in the title role.

Islington Studios
Islington Studios, often known as Gainsborough Studios, were British film studios located on the south bank of the Regent's Canal, in Poole Street, Hoxton in the former Metropolitan Borough of Shoreditch, London between 1919 and 1949. The studios are closely associated with Gainsborough Pictures which was based there for most of the studios' history. During its existence Islington Studios worked closely with its sister Lime Grove Studios in Shepherd's Bush and many films were made partly at one studio and partly at the other. Amongst the films made at the studios were Alfred Hitchcock thrillers, Will Hay comedies and Gainsborough melodramas.
Martina Kohlová
Martina Kohlová (born 16 November 1984) is a Slovak sprint canoer who has competed since the late 2000s. She won three medals in the K-2 200 m event at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with a silver in 2007 and two bronzes (2009, 2010).

Koholová was eliminated in the semifinals of the K-2 500 m event at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing and at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London.

2007 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The 2007 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships were held in Duisburg, Germany on 9–12 August 2007 for the record-tying fourth time. The German city had hosted the championships previously in 1979, 1987, and 1995. It tied Duisburg with Belgrade, Serbia (then Yugoslavia) who hosted in 1971, 1975, 1978, and 1982.

Men race as individuals, pairs and quads over 200 m, 500 m and 1000 m in both Canoe (Canadian) (C) and Kayak (K) events, giving a total of 18 gold medals. Women compete for only 9 gold medals as they race in kayak events only.

This was the 36th championships in canoe sprint.
Cadmium telluride
Cadmium telluride (CdTe) is a stable crystalline compound formed from cadmium and tellurium. It is mainly used as the semiconducting material in cadmium telluride photovoltaics and an infrared optical window. It is usually sandwiched with cadmium sulfide to form a p–n junction solar PV cell.

Window (optics)
In optics, a window is an optical element that is transparent to a range of wavelengths, and that has no optical power. Windows may be flat or curved. They are used to block the flow of air or other fluids while allowing light to pass into or out of an optical system.
Garniss Curtis
Garniss H. Curtis, (born May 27, 1919 – died December 19, 2012) was a professor of geology at the University of California, Berkeley, geochronologist, volcanologist, geophysicist, and founder of the Berkeley Geochronology Center.  In 1960, Curtis and fellow UC Berkeley geophysicist Jack Evernden used potassium-argon dating methods developed by UC Berkeley physicist John Reynolds on minerals found in tephra deposits collected by Evernden to date Mary Leakey's 1959 Olduvai Gorge Bed I hominin Zinjanthropus (Paranthropus boisei) to 1.89 to 1.57 Mya.  The great age of the fossil hominid and associated stone tools in the bed pushed back the then accepted age of the Pleistocene another million years, causing a stir in the geology community. The dating of these fossil finds is considered a starting point for the collaboration of paleoanthropology and geochronology.

Garniss Curtis died December 19, 2012, in Orinda, California.

Paleoanthropology
Paleoanthropology or paleo-anthropology is a branch of paleontology and anthropology which seeks to understand the early development of anatomically modern humans, a process known as hominization, through the reconstruction of evolutionary kinship lines within the family Hominidae, working from biological evidence (such as petrified skeletal remains, bone fragments, footprints) and cultural evidence (such as stone tools, artifacts, and settlement localities).

The field draws from and combines primatology, paleontology, biological anthropology, and cultural anthropology. As technologies and methods advance, genetics plays an ever-increasing role, in particular to examine and compare DNA structure as a vital tool of research of the evolutionary kinship lines of related species and genera.
Otter Falls (Yukon)
Otter Falls (Southern Tutchone: Nadélin) is located on the Aishihik River in southwestern Yukon, a territory of Canada.

Accessible via the Aishihik Road (see Miscellaneous Yukon roads), the site of the falls has long been visited by lovers of the outdoors due to its picturesque nature, bird life (American dipper and harlequin duck amongst others) and sport fishing opportunities. An engraved scene of Otter Falls at mile 996 of the Alaska Highway, created by C. Gordon Yorke, is depicted on the $5 banknote of the 1954 Series of banknotes of the Canadian dollar.

Banknotes of the Canadian dollar
Banknotes of the Canadian dollar are the banknotes or bills (in common lexicon) of Canada, denominated in Canadian dollars (CAD, C$, or $ locally). Currently, they are issued in $5, $10, $20, $50, and $100 denominations. All current notes are issued by the Bank of Canada, which released its first series of notes in 1935. The Bank of Canada has contracted the Canadian Bank Note Company to produce the Canadian notes since then. The current series of polymer banknotes were introduced into circulation between November 2011 and November 2013. Banknotes issued in Canada can be viewed at the Bank of Canada Museum in Ottawa.
MTR Light Rail Routes 705 and 706
Route 705 and Route 706 are Light Rail loop services of the MTR system in Tin Shui Wai in the northwestern New Territories, Hong Kong. Route 705 operates in an anticlockwise direction (i.e. the inner loop), and commenced service on 22 August 2004. Route 706 serves the clockwise direction (i.e. the outer loop), and began running on 9 April 2004. The two routes are marked as Tin Shui Wai Circular on station signage.

The line is a loop, starting at Tin Shui Wai, an interchange with the Tuen Ma line at Tin Shui Wai station. It then runs along Tin Shing Road, continues between the Tin Fu and Tin Ching public housing estates and along Wetland Park Road, reaching the northern tip of the town. It returns along Grandeur Terrace into Tin Shui Road, passing Tin Wah Road and the Tin Shui Wai Park and finally arrives back to Tin Shui Wai stop.

Tin Shui Wai stop
Tin Shui Wai (Chinese: 天水圍) is a Light Rail stop and interchange station for Tuen Ma line. This Light Rail stop is located at Tin Fuk Road in Tin Shui Wai, at the ground level of the MTR Tin Shui Wai station.

The former Tin Shui Wai Terminus was renamed Tin Wing stop on 1 August 2003 to avoid confusion with this Light Rail stop.
Debbie Abrahams
Deborah Angela Elspeth Marie Abrahams (née Morgan; born 15 September 1960) is a British Labour Party politician who has served as Member of Parliament (MP) for Oldham East and Saddleworth (UK Parliament constituency) since 2011. Abrahams was a member of the Corbyn shadow cabinet from 2015 to 2018.

Work and Pensions Select Committee
The Work and Pensions Select Committee is a select committee of the House of Commons in the Parliament of the United Kingdom. The remit of the committee is to examine the expenditure, administration, and policy of the Department for Work and Pensions and its associated public bodies.
2010 Tail Savannah Challenger – Doubles
Carsten Ball and Travis Rettenmaier were the defending champions. Ball chose not to compete this year and Rettenmaier chose to compete in Belgrade instead.
Jamie Baker and James Ward won in the final 6–3, 6–4, against Bobby Reynolds and Fritz Wolmarans.

2010 Serbia Open – Doubles
Łukasz Kubot and Oliver Marach were the defenders of title, but Kubot chose not to compete this year and Marach chose to play in Munich instead.
Santiago González and Travis Rettenmaier won in the final 7–6(8–6), 6–1, against Tomasz Bednarek and Mateusz Kowalczyk.
Andres Nõmme
Andres Nõmme (30 March 1864 Torma Parish (now Jõgeva Parish), Kreis Dorpat – 27 April 1935 Mustvee) was an Estonian politician. He was a member of II Riigikogu. He was a member of the Riigikogu since 26 May 1924. He replaced Rudolf Pächter. On 26 June 1924, he was removed from his position and he was replaced by Paul Tamm.

2nd Riigikogu
The 2nd Riigikogu was the second legislature of the Estonian Parliament (Riigikogu). It was elected in the 1923 elections, held on 5–7 May 1923, and sat from 31 May 1923 until 14 June 1926, before the next elections took place.
Thomas Kent (priest)
Thomas Kent (died 1561) was the Archdeacon of Totnes. According to one source he held the post during 1549. This Thomas Kent has been tentatively identified with the Thomas Kent of the period who was canon of Christ Church, Oxford, and who died in 1561–2. That Thomas Kent was also rector of Marsh Gibbon from 1546. The CCEd database makes Thomas Kent archdeacon of Totnes only in 1562; being rector of Tedburn St Mary and Holsworthy.

Marsh Gibbon
Marsh Gibbon is a village and civil parish in Buckinghamshire, England. It is close to the A41 and the border with Oxfordshire about 4 miles (6.4 km) east of Bicester.

In the centre of the village the buildings are largely built of local stone, and roofed in tiles, slate and thatch. Many of which are listed buildings. The centre and east of the village are designated as the Marsh Gibbon Conservation Area, including the Greyhound pub, The Plough, the Manor House and the Church.

In the south of the parish, formerly part of the ancient Bernwood Forest, the landscape and habitat has been designated as the Upper Ray Meadows Nature Reserve, while Long Herdon Meadow is a national Site of Special Scientific Interest.
Giant barrel sponge
The giant barrel sponge (Xestospongia muta) is the largest species of sponge found growing on Caribbean coral reefs. It is common at depths greater than 10 metres (33 ft) down to 120 metres (390 ft) and can reach a diameter of 1.8 metres (6 feet). It is typically brownish-red to brownish-gray in color, with a hard or stony texture.

The giant barrel sponge has been called the "redwood of the reef" because of its large size and its long lifespan, which can be more than 2,000 years. It is, perhaps, the best-studied species of sponge in the sea; a population on Conch Reef, in the Florida Keys, has been monitored and studied since 1997.

Sequoioideae
Sequoioideae, commonly referred to as redwoods, is a subfamily of coniferous trees within the family Cupressaceae, that range in the northern hemisphere. It includes the largest and tallest trees in the world. The trees in the subfamily are amongst the most notable trees in the world and are common ornamental trees. The subfamily reached its peak of diversity during the early Cenozoic.
Peltuinum
Peltuinum was a Roman town of the Vestini, on the ancient Via Claudia Nova, 20 km east of L'Aquila, Italy, between the modern-day settlements of Prata d'Ansidonia and Castelnuovo.

It was apparently the chief town of that portion of the Vestini who dwelt west of the main Apennine chain. Remains of the town walls, of an amphitheatre, of a temple and of other buildings still exist. The city was the birthplace of Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo, a Roman general from the age of Nero.

L'Aquila
L'Aquila (/ˈlækwɪlə/ LAK-wil-ə; Italian: [ˈlaːkwila] ⓘ; Neapolitan: [ˈlaːkwiːlə]) is the capital city of the region of Abruzzo in central Italy. With 70,421 inhabitants as of 2025, it is also the second-largest city in the region. Laid out within medieval walls on a hill in the wide valley of the Aterno river, it is surrounded by the Apennine Mountains, with the Gran Sasso d'Italia to the north-east.

L'Aquila sits on a hillside in the middle of a narrow valley; the tall snow-capped mountains of the Gran Sasso massif flank the town. A maze of narrow streets, lined with Baroque and Renaissance buildings and churches, open onto elegant piazzas. Home to the University of L'Aquila, it is a lively college town and, as such, has many cultural institutions: a repertory theatre, a symphony orchestra, a fine art academy, a state conservatory and a film institute. There are several ski resorts in the surrounding province (Campo Imperatore, Ovindoli, Pescasseroli, Roccaraso, Scanno).
James Breen (politician)
James Breen (born 23 May 1945) is an Irish former independent politician. He is a former Teachta Dála (TD) for the Clare constituency.

He was a SIPTU shop steward in De Beers in Shannon. Originally a Fianna Fáil councillor he left the party in 2000. Breen was elected to Dáil Éireann at the 2002 general election. He joined the left wing Technical group which was set up to gain Dáil speaking time for independent, Sinn Féin and Socialist Party TDs. Breen narrowly lost his seat to Joe Carey of Fine Gael by 456 votes at the 2007 general election.

At the 2009 local elections he topped the poll in the Ennis West electoral area for Clare County Council. He again stood as an independent candidate at the 2011 general election for the Clare constituency but was again defeated on the last count, this time by Timmy Dooley by 1,501 votes. He retired from politics at the 2019 local elections.

SIPTU
SIPTU (/ˈsɪptuː/; Services, Industrial, Professional and Technical Union; Irish: An Ceardchumann Seirbhísí, Tionsclaíoch, Gairmiúil agus Teicniúil) is Ireland's largest trade union, with around 200,000 members. Most of these members are in the Republic of Ireland, although the union does have a Northern Ireland District Committee. Its head office, Liberty Hall, is in Dublin, and the union has five industrial divisions, three in the private sector and two in the public sector. SIPTU is affiliated to the Irish Congress of Trade Unions.
Red Jet 1
Red Jet 1 was a high speed catamaran passenger ferry operated by Red Funnel between Southampton and Cowes on the Isle of Wight. She was built by FB Marine in 1991 and was the first waterjet propelled craft to operate on the route.

Cowes
Cowes (/kaʊz/) is an English seaport town and civil parish on the Isle of Wight. Cowes is located on the west bank of the estuary of the River Medina, facing the smaller town of East Cowes on the east bank. The two towns are linked by the Cowes Floating Bridge, a chain ferry.

Cowes has a population of 14,370 according to the 2021 Census.

Charles Godfrey Leland's 19th-century verses describe the towns poetically as "The two great Cowes that in loud thunder roar/This on the eastern, that the western shore".

Cowes has been seen as a home for international yacht racing since the founding of the Royal Yacht Squadron in 1815. It gives its name to the world's oldest regular regatta, Cowes Week, which occurs annually in the first week of August. Later, powerboat races are held.

Much of the town's architecture is still heavily influenced by the style of ornate building that Prince Albert popularised.