hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Explained sum of squares
In statistics, the explained sum of squares (ESS), alternatively known as the model sum of squares or sum of squares due to regression (SSR – not to be confused with the residual sum of squares (RSS) or sum of squares of errors), is a quantity used in describing how well a model, often a regression model, represents the data being modelled. In particular, the explained sum of squares measures how much variation there is in the modelled values and this is compared to the total sum of squares (TSS), which measures how much variation there is in the observed data, and to the residual sum of squares, which measures the variation in the error between the observed data and modelled values.

Dependent and independent variables
A variable is considered dependent if it depends on (or is hypothesized to depend on) an independent variable. Dependent variables are the outcome of the  test they depend, by some law or rule (e.g., by a mathematical function), on. Independent variables, on the other hand, are not seen as depending on any other variable in the scope of the experiment in question. Rather, they are controlled by the experimenter.
Conchoid of de Sluze
In algebraic geometry, the conchoids of de Sluze are a family of plane curves studied in 1662 by Walloon mathematician René François Walter, baron de Sluze.

The curves are defined by the polar equation

In cartesian coordinates, the curves satisfy the implicit equation

except that for a = 0 the implicit form has an acnode (0,0) not present in polar form.

They are rational, circular, cubic plane curves.

These expressions have an asymptote x = 1 (for a ≠ 0). The point most distant from the asymptote is (1 + a, 0). (0,0) is a crunode for a < −1.

The area between the curve and the asymptote is, for a ≥ −1,

while for a < −1, the area is

If a < −1, the curve will have a loop. The area of the loop is

Four of the family have names of their own:

a = 0, line (asymptote to the rest of the family)

a = −1, cissoid of Diocles

a = −2, right strophoid

a = −4, trisectrix of Maclaurin

Strophoid
In geometry, a strophoid is a curve generated from a given curve C and points A (the fixed point) and O (the pole) as follows: Let L be a variable line passing through O and intersecting C at K. Now let P1 and P2 be the two points on L whose distance from K is the same as the distance from A to K (i.e. KP1 = KP2 = AK). The locus of such points P1 and P2 is then the strophoid of C with respect to the pole O and fixed point A. Note that AP1 and AP2 are at right angles in this construction.

In the special case where C is a line, A lies on C, and O is not on C, then the curve is called an oblique strophoid. If, in addition, OA is perpendicular to C then the curve is called a right strophoid, or simply strophoid by some authors. The right strophoid is also called the logocyclic curve or foliate.
Montane wood mouse
The montane hylomyscus or montane wood mouse (Hylomyscus denniae) is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. A long-coated species with brownish-grey upper parts and whitish-grey underparts, it occurs in the uplands of tropical Central Africa where its natural habitat is tropical moist montane forests.

Muridae
The Muridae, or murids, are either the largest or second-largest family of rodents and of mammals, containing approximately 870 species, including many species of mice, rats, and gerbils found naturally throughout Eurasia, Africa, and Australia.

The name Muridae comes from the Latin mus (genitive muris), meaning "mouse", since all true mice belong to the family, with the more typical mice belonging to the genus Mus.
Ayak Thiik
Ayak Thiik (also known as, "Ayak Tracks") is a Grammy nominated, South Sudanese singer-songwriter and vocal producer. She is primarily known for writing hit songs and appearing on vocals for artists like Diana Ross, Cee Lo Green, James Morrison ("You Make It Real"), Chip ("Until You Were Gone"), Tinchy Stryder ("Never Leave You and "In My System"), and Dappy ("No Regrets" and "Rockstar"), among others.

Rockstar (Dappy song)
"Rockstar" is the second single from former N-Dubz lead rapper Dappy's debut studio album, Bad Intentions staying with the commercial pop template of his previous single, "No Regrets". It was released on 23 February 2012. The song also features Queen guitarist Brian May.
Phoolchand Bhinda
Phoolchand Bhinda is an Indian politician from the Bharatiya Janata Party and a former member of the Rajasthan Legislative Assembly who represented the Viratnagar Assembly constituency of Rajasthan from 2008 to 2018.

Rajasthan Legislative Assembly
The Rajasthan Legislative Assembly (ISO: Rājāsthān Vidhān Sabhā), is the unicameral legislature of the state of Rajasthan. It is a vital part of the state government, responsible for making and implementing laws.

The assembly meets at Vidhan Bhavan situated in Jaipur, the capital of Rajasthan.
Francis Mount
Francis John Mount (14 October 1831 – 9 May 1903) was an Anglican priest.

Mount was educated at Eton and Oriel College, Oxford  and  ordained in 1855. He began his career with a  curacy at St Mark's  Horsham  after which he was an Examining Chaplain to the Bishop of Chichester and Vicar of Firle then Cuckfield. In 1887 he became Archdeacon of Chichester and in 1899 Vicar of Burpham, holding both posts until his death. He was offered the deanery of Chichester Cathedral in late December 1901, but declined due to illness.

Mount's father William, brother William and nephew William were all Members of Parliament.

Horsham
Horsham (/ˈhɔːrʃəm/) is a market town on the upper reaches of the River Arun on the fringe of the Weald, in West Sussex, England. The town lies 31 miles (50 km) south-south-west of London, 18.5 miles (30 km) north-west of Brighton and 26 miles (42 km) north-east of the county town of Chichester. Nearby towns include Crawley to the north-east and Haywards Heath and Burgess Hill to the south-east. It is the administrative centre of the Horsham district.
Peermade
Peermade, also spelt Peerumedu is a village, Grama Panchayat and hill station in the state of Kerala, in southwestern India. It lies 915 metres (3,002 ft) above sea level in the Western Ghats (Sahyadri) about 85 kilometres (53 mi) east of Kottayam on the way to Kumily.

Nutmeg
Nutmeg is the seed, or the ground spice derived from the seed, of several tree species of the genus Myristica; fragrant nutmeg or true nutmeg (M. fragrans) is a dark-leaved evergreen tree cultivated for two spices derived from its fruit: nutmeg, from its seed, and mace, from the seed covering. It is also a commercial source of nutmeg essential oil and nutmeg butter. The Banda Islands, in Maluku, Indonesia, are the main producer of nutmeg and mace, and the true nutmeg tree is native to the islands.

Nutmeg and mace, commonly used as food spices, have been traditionally employed for their psychoactive and aphrodisiac effects, though clinical evidence is lacking. High doses can cause serious toxic effects including acute psychosis, with risks heightened during pregnancy and with psychiatric conditions.

Conifers of the genus Torreya, commonly known as the nutmeg yews, have edible seeds of similar appearance, but are not closely related to M. fragrans, and are not used as a spice.
Stephen du Perche (died 1205)
Stephen du Perche (died 14/17 April 1205) was a French nobleman and crusader. He was a partisan of the Plantagenets in their conflict with the French crown and held fiefs from them. A younger son, he governed the County of Perche on behalf of his father and brother during their absence on crusade. He himself joined the Fourth Crusade in 1202 and travelled to the Holy Land. Afterwards, he went to the Latin Empire and was appointed duke of Philadelphia in Asia Minor in 1204. He died in battle against the Bulgars.

Lords, counts and dukes of Perche
The county of Perche was a medieval county lying between Normandy and Maine.

It was held by a continuous line of counts until 1226. One of these, Geoffroy III, would have been a leader of the Fourth Crusade had he not died before the assembled forces could depart. The county then became a possession of the crown, which removed part of it to create the county of Alençon.

After 1325, both counties were generally held by a member or members of a cadet line of the House of Valois. Upon the death without children of the last Duke of Alençon in 1525, it returned to the crown, and was granted only sporadically thereafter.
Garrick Theatre, Stockport
Stockport Garrick Theatre is a theatre in Stockport, Greater Manchester, England, founded in 1901. In 1904 it obtained its own premises in Cobden Place, Wellington Street. It is the oldest "little theatre" in the United Kingdom, being defined as being an amateur theatre that owns, leases or otherwise has control of its own premises.

Simon Stephens
Simon Stephens (born 6 February 1971) is a British-Irish playwright, musician and Professor of Scriptwriting at Manchester Metropolitan University. Having taught on the Young Writers' Programme at the Royal Court Theatre for many years, he is now an Artistic Associate at the Lyric Hammersmith. He is the inaugural Associate Playwright of Steep Theatre Company, Chicago, where five of his plays, Harper Regan, Motortown, Wastwater, Birdland, and Light Falls had their U.S. premieres. His writing is widely performed throughout Europe and, along with Dennis Kelly and Martin Crimp, he is one of the most performed English-language writers in Germany.
Charles Mitchell Whiteside
Charles Mitchell Whiteside (June 15, 1854 – July 19, 1924) was an American businessman and politician.

Whiteside was born in Camden, Ohio and went to the Camden public schools. In 1880, Whiteside moved to Sturgeon Bay in Door County, Wisconsin. He worked for the Wisconsin Chair Company and was in the milling business. He was involved with the Democratic Party and was the editor of the Door County Post newspaper. In 1891 and 1892, Whiteside served in the Wisconsin Assembly in the 40th Wisconsin Legislature but did not seek re-election. While in the Assembly Whiteside sponsored a bill that merged the community of Sawyer, Wisconsin with the city of Sturgeon Bay. In 1892, Whiteside moved to St. Ignace, Michigan and was involved with the abstract business. Whiteside also served as deputy register of deeds and as deputy county clerk for Mackinac County, Michigan. Whiteside died in St. Ignace, Michigan from a stroke.

Door County, Wisconsin
Door County is the easternmost county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. Its population was 30,066 at the 2020 census. Its county seat and largest city is Sturgeon Bay.

Door County is named after the strait between the Door Peninsula and Washington Island. This dangerous passage, known as Death's Door, contains shipwrecks and was known to Native Americans and early French explorers. The county was created in 1851 and organized in 1861.

Nicknamed the "Cape Cod of the Midwest," Door County is a popular Upper Midwest vacation destination. Tourism is a major contributor to Door County's economy. It is Wisconsin's forty-fourth largest county in population, but it is the eighth largest in terms of economic impact from tourism (over $600 million in 2023). The county is considered a high-recreation retirement destination by the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
1965 American Football League Championship Game
The 1965 AFL Championship Game was the American Football League's sixth championship game, played on December 26 at Balboa Stadium in San Diego, California.

It matched the Western Division champion San Diego Chargers (9–2–3) and the Eastern Division champion Buffalo Bills (10–3–1) to decide the American Football League (AFL) champion for the 1965 season.

AFL–NFL merger
The AFL–NFL merger was the merger of the two major professional American football leagues in the United States at the time: the National Football League (NFL) and the American Football League (AFL). It paved the way for the combined league, which retained the "National Football League" name and logo, to become the most popular sports league in the United States. The merger was announced on the evening of June 8, 1966.

Under the merger agreement, the leagues maintained separate regular-season schedules for the next four seasons—from 1966 through 1969 with a final championship game which would become known as the Super Bowl—and then officially merged before the 1970 season to form one league with two conferences.
Sarnia Refinery - Sunoco & Suncor
The Suncor Sarnia Refinery is an 85,000 bpd cracking plant located in the "Chemical Valley" section of Sarnia, Ontario, Canada alongside the St. Clair River. The refinery has been in continuous operation since 1952 and supplies petroleum products to the southern Ontario region including Toronto and its suburbs via the Sun-Canadian Pipeline. The refinery has roughly 500 employees and contractors who work onsite.

Enbridge
Enbridge Inc. is a multinational pipeline and energy company headquartered in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Enbridge owns and operates pipelines throughout Canada and the United States, transporting crude oil, natural gas, and natural gas liquids, and also generates renewable energy. Enbridge's pipeline system is the longest in North America and the largest oil export pipeline network in the world. Its crude oil system consists of 28,661 kilometres (17,809 miles) of pipelines. Its 38,300 kilometre (23,800 mile) natural gas pipeline system connects multiple Canadian provinces, several US states, and the Gulf of Mexico. The company was formed by Imperial Oil in 1949 as the Interprovincial Pipe Line Company Limited to transport Alberta oil to refineries. Over time, it has grown through acquisition of other existing pipeline companies and the expansion of their projects.
Light, Dark, Light Again
Light, Dark, Light Again is the second studio album by Australian singer-songwriter Angie McMahon. The album was announced on Triple J on 12 July 2023 and released on 27 October 2023.

At the 2023 J Awards, the album was nominated for Australian Album of the Year.

The album was nominated for the 2023 Australian Music Prize. The album won Best Album at the 2024 Music Victoria Awards.

At the 2024 ARIA Music Awards, the album was nominated for Album of the Year, Best Rock Album and for McMahon, Best Solo Artist. The album won Best Independent Release.

ARIA Award for Best Independent Release
The ARIA Music Award for Best Independent Release, is an award presented at the annual ARIA Music Awards, which recognises "the many achievements of Aussie artists across all music genres", since 1987. It is handed out by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA), an organisation whose aim is "to advance the interests of the Australian record industry."

John Butler Trio hold the record for both the most wins and the most nominations in this category, with three wins from seven nominations, though Ed Kuepper's total nominations also reach seven if his nomination as a member of the Aints is counted. Vance Joy and Dan Sultan are tied for the most nominations without a win with four each. Kuepper is both the only artist to win in consecutive years, which occurred in 1993 and 1994, and the only musician nominated for two acts in the same year, as in 1992 he was nominated both as a solo artist and a member of the Aints.
Stephan Shevchuk
Stephan Shevchuk (born 6 February 1977) is a Russian sprint canoeist who has competed since the late 2000s. He won three bronze medals in the K-4 200 m event at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships, earning them in 2006, 2007, and 2009.

2006 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The 2006 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships were held in Szeged, Hungary, from August 17 to 20 2006. This was the second time the city had hosted the championships, doing so previously in 1998.

Men race as individuals, pairs and quads over 200 m, 500 m and 1000 m in both Canoe (Canadian) (C) and Kayak (K) events, giving a total of 18 gold medals. Women compete for only 9 gold medals as they race in kayak events only.

This was the 35th championships in canoe sprint.
Mecodema mohi
Mecodema mohi is a large-bodied (28–34.8 mm length; 8.4–11.5 mm width) ground beetle that is endemic to the Hawke's Bay, North Island, New Zealand. This species inhabits native forest fragments on the Maraetotara Plateau, and is named for its type locality, which is Mohi Bush Scenic Reserve. It is distinguishable from other Mecodema species in the area by the form of the apical portion of penis lobe, the weakly impressed and sparsely punctured vertexal groove on the back of the head.

Hawke's Bay
Hawke's Bay (Māori: Te Matau-a-Māui) is a region on the east coast of New Zealand's North Island. The region is named after Hawke Bay, which was named in honour of Edward Hawke. The region's main centres are the cities of Napier and Hastings, while the more rural parts of the region are served by the towns of Waipukurau, Waipawa, and Wairoa.
Guayaquil Ecuador Temple
The Guayaquil Ecuador Temple is a temple of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Guayaquil, Ecuador. The intent to build the temple was announced during a press conference on March 31, 1982, by Gordon B. Hinckley, a counselor in the First Presidency, acting under the direction of church president Spencer W. Kimball. The temple is the first in Ecuador and the church's 58th worldwide. It was designed by Rafael Vélez Calisto and church architectural services, using a classic modern design with Asa Branca granite exterior. There was a 14-year delay between the announcement and groundbreaking, the longest delay experienced by any temple for construction to begin. The groundbreaking ceremony, to signify the beginning of construction, was held on August 10, 1996, with Richard G. Scott, of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, presiding.  The temple was dedicated by Hinckley, who was then serving as the church's president, in eight sessions held on August 1 and 2, 1999.

First Presidency (LDS Church)
The First Presidency, also called the Quorum of the Presidency of the Church or simply the Presidency, is the presiding governing body of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). It is composed of the president of the Church and his counselors. The First Presidency consists of Dallin H. Oaks and his two counselors, Henry B. Eyring and D. Todd Christofferson.
Hassan Muhammad Daqqou
Hassan Muhammad Daqqou (Arabic: حسن محمد دقو) born on February 1, 1985, in Tfail, Lebanon, is a Lebanese-Syrian dual national, widely known as the “King of Captagon,” due to his central role in the production and trafficking of Captagon, an illicit amphetamine popular in the Middle East.

Tfail
Tfail (Arabic: طفيل) is a village in eastern Baalbek District, Baalbek-Hermel Governorate, Lebanon. It is one of the highest villages in Lebanon. It has a population of about 3,000 Sunni residents and is the most remote village in Lebanon, lying at the tip of a finger of territory that juts into Syria.

On 1 May 2014, Tfail was the target of Syrian barrel bomb attacks. During the Qalamoun offensive (June–August 2014), the village was surrounded by Hezbollah and Syrian Army forces. Tfail is also considered one of the highest villages in Lebanon with an elevation of 1660 meters.
Navitas Park
Navitas (or Navitas Park) is a building in the city of Aarhus, Denmark, located in the Docklands neighborhood in the Midtbyen district.  Navitas is owned by the research park INCUBA Science Park, the Aarhus University School of Engineering and the Aarhus School of Marine and Technical Engineering. The three institutions together operate a consortium that maintains the facilities and together they inhabit the building.

Port of Aarhus
The Port of Aarhus (Danish: Aarhus Havn) is a deep-sea port located in the city of Aarhus. It is the largest container port in Denmark, handling more than 50% of country's container traffic. The Port of Aarhus shipped roughly 8.4 million metric tonnes of cargo in 2017.
Phelim O'Neill, 2nd Baron Rathcavan
Phelim Robert Hugh O'Neill, 2nd Baron Rathcavan (2 November 1909 – 20 December 1994), was a politician in Northern Ireland and a hereditary peer in the British House of Lords.

The son of Hugh O'Neill, a unionist politician, Phelim studied at Eton College before joining the Royal Artillery. He became a major during World War II.

O'Neill was elected to Westminster for the Ulster Unionist Party at the 1952 North Antrim by-election, succeeding his father. He stood down at the 1959 general election. At the 1958 Stormont elections, he was elected, again to represent North Antrim. In 1969, he briefly served as Minister of Education before becoming the Minister of Agriculture. In 1958, he was appointed High Sheriff of Antrim.

O'Neill joined the Alliance Party of Northern Ireland in 1972, and acted as its leader at the Darlington Conference. At the 1973 Northern Ireland Assembly election, he was unsuccessful in North Antrim. In 1982, he succeeded his father as Baron Rathcavan.

1973 Northern Ireland Assembly election
The 1973 elections to the Northern Ireland Assembly took place following the publication of the British government's white paper Northern Ireland Constitutional Proposals which proposed a 78-member Northern Ireland Assembly, elected by proportional representation. The proposals for a Northern Ireland Assembly contained in the White Paper were put into effect through the  Northern Ireland Assembly Act 1973 in May 1973.

A cross-community coalition of the Ulster Unionist Party (UUP) under Brian Faulkner, the Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP) and the Alliance Party of Northern Ireland was agreed in November, and following the Sunningdale Agreement, a Power Sharing Executive was established from 1 January 1974.  After opposition from within the UUP and the Ulster Workers Council Strike, the executive and assembly collapsed in May 1974.
Francesco Teodoro Arese Lucini
Francesco Teodoro Arese Lucini (Milan, 30 January 1778 – Milan, 30 April 1835) was a prominent member of the Milanese resistance to the Austrian Empire, early proponent of Italian unification, and member of the House of Arese.

He was held in the Špilberk Castle and sentenced to death (later commuted) by Francis I, Emperor of Austria for his former alliance with Eugène de Beauharnais, Viceroy of the Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy, and for conspiring to liberate Lombardy and unite it with Piedmont.

Špilberk Castle
Špilberk Castle (Czech: hrad Špilberk; German: Spielberg, locally Špilas) is a castle on the hilltop in Brno, Southern Moravia. Its construction began as early as the first half of the 13th century by the Přemyslid kings and completed by King Ottokar II of Bohemia.

From a major royal castle established around the mid-13th century, and the seat of the Moravian margraves in the mid-14th century, it was gradually turned into a huge baroque citadel considered the harshest prison in the Austrian Empire, and then into barracks. This prison had always been part of the Špilberk fortress and is frequently referenced by Fabrice Del Dongo, the main protagonist in Stendhal's historical novel The Charterhouse of Parma.
Film Music (album)
Film Music (1985) is an album originally released on vinyl by the American trumpeter and synthesizer player, Mark Isham.

It consists of extended tracks from the soundtracks of three films. The first track is from the soundtrack of the film Mrs. Soffel (1984). The second track is from the documentary The Times of Harvey Milk. This film won the 1984 Academy Award for best documentary. The material of the third track is from the Carroll Ballard film, Never Cry Wolf (1983).

Like Isham’s previous album, Vapor Drawings (1983), the material on this is deeply atmospheric and emphasizes the use of synthesizers often blended with acoustic instruments. Of the three films represented, Isham is only credited with performing trumpet on track two, "The Times of Harvey Milk".

Carroll Ballard
Carroll Ballard (born October 14, 1937) is an American filmmaker. Originally a documentarian, he became known for directing sweeping, visually striking films with natural and ecological themes. His body of work includes the films The Black Stallion (1979), Never Cry Wolf (1983), and Fly Away Home (1996).