hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Carlyle Witton-Davies
Christianity portal

Carlyle Witton-Davies (10 June 1913 – 25 March 1993) was an Anglican priest and scholar.

He was born the son of  T. Witton-Davies, Professor of Hebrew at the University College of North Wales, Bangor and educated at Friars School, Bangor; University College of North Wales, Bangor; Exeter College, Oxford;and Ripon College Cuddesdon.

He was ordained in  1938 and began his ecclesiastical career with a curacy at  Buckley. From 1940 to 1944 he was Subwarden of St. Michael's College, Llandaff. From then until 1949 he was a Canon Residentiary at St. George's Cathedral, Jerusalem. In that year he became Dean and Precentor  of St David's. His last senior post was as Archdeacon of Oxford (1957–1982).

Warden (college)
Warden is a title used by the heads of some university colleges, halls of residence, and other institutions. Its use in this sense dates back at least to the 13th century at Merton College, Oxford, as a translation of the Latin custos.
Leo the Mathematician
Leo the Mathematician, the Grammarian or the Philosopher (Ancient Greek: Λέων ὁ Μαθηματικός or ὁ Φιλόσοφος, Léōn ho Mathēmatikós or ho Philósophos; c. 790 – after January 9, 869) was a Byzantine philosopher and logician associated with the Macedonian Renaissance and the end of the Second Byzantine Iconoclasm. His only preserved writings are some notes contained in manuscripts of Plato's dialogues. He has been called a "true Renaissance man" and "the cleverest man in Byzantium in the 9th century". He was archbishop of Thessalonica and later became the head of the Magnaura School of philosophy in Constantinople, where he taught Aristotelian logic.

Magnaura
The Magnaura (Medieval Greek: Μαγναύρα, possibly from Latin: Magna Aula, "Great Hall") was a large building in Byzantine Constantinople located next to the Great Palace. It was situated to the east of the Augustaion, close to the Hagia Sophia, and next to the Chalke Gate and has often equated by scholars with the building that housed the Senate.
Montenero d'Orcia
Montenero d'Orcia is a village in Tuscany, central Italy, administratively a frazione of the comune of Castel del Piano, province of Grosseto, in the area of Mount Amiata. At the time of the 2001 census its population amounted to 253.

Montenero is about 44 km from Grosseto and 14 km from Castel del Piano, and it is situated on a hill between the valleys of Orcia and Ombrone rivers.

Ombrone
The Ombrone (Latin: Umbro) is a 160-kilometre-long (99 mi) river situated in the provinces of Grosseto and Siena, central Italy.

The Ombrone's source is at San Gusmè, near Castelnuovo Berardenga, on the south-eastern side of the Monti del Chianti. After a twisting route, it receives the waters of the tributaries Arbia, Merse and Orcia before reaching the plain of Grosseto near Istia d'Ombrone.

It subsequently passes in the outskirts of the city of Grosseto, before flowing into the Tyrrhenian Sea at Bocca d'Ombrone.
Midland Valley (South Carolina)
The Midland Valley area is a region in Aiken County, South Carolina consisting of the unincorporated communities of Gloverville, Graniteville, Langley, Vaucluse, Warrenville, Graniteville, Bath, as well as the incorporated town of Burnettown

The area is more formally known as the Horse Creek Valley, a large stream in the Savannah River watershed which carved the large valley in the Sandhills.

33°33′05″N 81°49′15″W﻿ / ﻿33.551526°N 81.8209446°W﻿ / 33.551526; -81.8209446

Langley, South Carolina
Langley is a census-designated place (CDP) in Aiken County, South Carolina, United States. The population was 1,447 at the 2010 census. It is bordered by Gloverville to the northeast and Burnettown to the west.

Langley is part of the Augusta, Georgia metropolitan area. Langley is located in historic Horse Creek Valley. It sits next to the Langley pond.
T. P. Alagamuthu
T. P. Alagamuthu was an Indian politician and former Member of the Legislative Assembly of Tamil Nadu. He was elected to the Tamil Nadu legislative assembly as a Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam candidate from Perambalur constituency in 1962 election and from Uppiliyapuram constituency in 1967 and 1971 elections.

1962 Madras State Legislative Assembly election
The third legislative assembly election to the Madras state (presently Tamil Nadu) was held on 21 February 1962. The Indian National Congress party, led by K. Kamaraj, won the election. Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam made significant in-roads in the election and emerged as the second party for the first time by winning 50 seats. 1962 Election remains the most recent election in which Indian National Congress formed a majority Government in the State as its support has heavily declined due to rise of Dravidian political parties.
Spiral (character)
Spiral (Rita Wayword) is a character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, usually those featuring the X-Men family of characters. Created by writer Ann Nocenti and artist Art Adams, the character first appeared in Longshot #1 (September 1985). Spiral was a human stunt-woman, before being enslaved and transformed into a six-armed sorcerer by Mojo.

Spiral was established as a lieutenant for Longshot's archenemy, Mojo. Prior to Longshot joining the X-Men, Spiral also became a recurring adversary of the various X-Men subgroups, as well as serving as the archenemy-turned-ally of X-Men member Psylocke. She later joined a team of X-Force led by X-Men member Storm.

Archenemy
In literature, an archenemy (sometimes spelled as arch-enemy) or archnemesis is the main enemy of the protagonist—or sometimes, one of the other main characters—appearing as the most prominent and most-known enemy of the hero.
Haavisto
Haavisto  is a Finnish surname, most prevalent in Satakunta. Notable people with the surname include:

Arvo Haavisto (1900–1977), Finnish wrestler

Jukka Haavisto (1930–2023), Finnish songwriter and entrepreneur

Heikki Haavisto (1935–2022), Finnish politician

Kari Haavisto (born 1941), Finnish Olympic swimmer

Olli Haavisto (born 1954), Finnish guitarist

Susanna Haavisto (born 1957), Finnish actress and singer

Pekka Haavisto (born 1958), Finnish politician

Janne Haavisto (born 1964), Finnish drummer

Jani Haavisto (born 1987), Finnish darts player

Jukka Haavisto
Juhani "Jukka" Haavisto (5 June 1930 – 24 November 2023) was a Finnish musician with the honorary title of music councilor. He also worked as a businessman in advertising business from 1959 to the 1990s, when he retired. However, he is perhaps best known for his work as a songwriter and for having played the vibraphone and the accordion in numerous bands.
USCGC Eagle Commanding Officers
The following is a list of Commanding Officers of USCGC Eagle (WIX-327). There have been a total of 32 Eagle captains during her 79 years under USCG commission, and five during her 10 years of commission as Horst Wessel under the Kriegsmarine.

Many of Eagle's past commanders have gone on to serve with distinction, include ADM Robert J. Papp Jr., who served as the 24th Commandant of the Coast Guard from 2010–2014, and VADM James C. Irwin, who served as vice commandant from 1986 to 1988. In all, nine former Eagle commanders and two Horst Wessel commanders achieved flag rank.

Horst Wessel's first commander, German VADM August Thiele served with distinction as commander, Kampfgruppe Thiele during WW2, earning the Knight's Cross with Oak Leaves, and KADM Kurt Weyher continued in the Imperial German Navy tradition of Count Luckner as a merchant raider, earning the post-war Great Cross of Merit.

James C. Irwin
James Clarence Irwin (June 7, 1929 – March 21, 2018) was a vice admiral in the United States Coast Guard who served as Vice Commandant from 1986 to 1988. He had been commander of the 5th Coast Guard District and Chief of the Office of Reserve at Headquarters, Coast Guard. After his term as vice commandant, he served as Commander, Joint Task Force FOUR (a predecessor agency to Joint Interagency Task Force South) and Coast Guard Atlantic Area (appointed 1989) and U.S. Maritime Defense Zone Atlantic (from 1988 to 1989).
Donnay
Donnay Sports is a sports equipment brand currently owned by Frasers Group. The company was founded in 1910 by Emile Donnay and was based in Couvin, Belgium. Donnay manufactured wooden tennis rackets from 1934, and, by the 1970s, was the largest manufacturer of tennis rackets in the world. However, the company failed to adapt to the new market for graphite rackets, and entered administration in 1988. After a succession of owners, the brand was eventually sold to Sports Direct International, who continue to license the use of the brand worldwide.

Nowadays, Donnay commercialises tennis rackets, strings, and bags. Donnay rackets were used professionally in Europe by Björn Borg from 1975 until his retirement in 1983. Other professionals included Andre Agassi, Rod Laver, and Greg Rusedski.

Sports equipment
Sports equipment, also called sporting goods, are the tools, materials, apparel, and gear that vary in shape, size, and usage in a particular sport. It includes balls, nets, rackets, protective gears like helmets, goggles, etc. Since the performer must use sports equipment, it can also serve for protection.
HMS Boreas
Four ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Boreas, after Boreas, the personification of the north wind in Greek mythology. A fourth was planned to bear the name, but never actually did:

HMS Boreas (1757) was a 28-gun sixth rate launched in 1757 and declared obsolete and scrapped in 1770.

HMS Boreas (1774) was a 28-gun sixth rate launched in 1774, used as a slop ship from 1797 and sold in 1802.

HMS Boreas (1806) was a Laurel-class post ship launched in 1806. She wrecked off the coast of Guernsey on 28 November 1807 with the loss of half her crew of 154 men.

HMS Boreas was to have been the name assigned to the captured Danish ship Havfru, after her acceptance into service in 1807 as HMS Havfruen. The name was not used though.

HMS Boreas (H77) was a B-class destroyer launched in 1930. She was loaned to the Greek navy and between 1944 and 1951 served as HHMS Salamis. The Greeks returned her in 1951. She was sold that same year and scrapped in 1952.

Laurel-class post ship
The Laurel-class sailing sixth rates were a series of six post ships built to an 1805 design by Sir John Henslow. The first three were launched in 1806, two more in 1807, and the last in 1812. The vessels of the class served in the Royal Navy during the Napoleonic War.
Esma'il Mass'oud
Esma'il Mass'oud (Persian: اسماعیل مسعود) also known as Esma'il Mirza Mo'tamed ed-Dowleh (اسماعیل‌میرزا معتمدالدوله) (1887–1968) was an Iranian Prince of the Qajar dynasty, son of Mass'oud Mirza Zell-e Soltan and grandson of Naser al-Din Shah Qajar.

He was educated in École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr in Paris and Royal Military Academy Sandhurst in London. Esma'il Mirza was appointed by George VI a Knight Commander of Order of the Star of India and a Knight of the Order of the White Eagle in Russia by Tsar Nicholas II. He returned to Iran in 1916 and died aged 81 in 1968 in Isfahan.

He was buried in Takht-e Foulad cemetery.

École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr
The École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr (lit. 'Special Military School of Saint-Cyr', abbr. ESM), often referred to as Saint-Cyr, is a French military academy. It is located in Coëtquidan in Guer, Morbihan, Brittany. French cadet officers are called saint-cyriens or cyrards.

French students who enter Saint-Cyr as cadets are about 21 years old, and undergo three years of training. All ESM cadets graduate with a Master of Arts or a Master of Science and are commissioned officers.

The academy was founded in Fontainebleau in 1802 by Napoleon. It was moved in 1806 to the buildings of the former Maison Royale de Saint-Louis, in Saint-Cyr-l'École, west of Paris. During the Second World War, the cadets moved several times due to the German invasion. They eventually settled in 1945 in the Coëtquidan military camp in Morbihan.

France's other senior military institutes are the École de guerre and the École de guerre - Terre, located in the École militaire complex, in Paris.
Banikane, Gourma-Rharous
Banikane  is a village and commune of the Cercle of Gourma-Rharous in the Tombouctou Region of Mali. The village lies on the right bank of the River Niger, 25 km downstream of Rharous. The commune extends on both banks of the river and includes 15 villages. In the 2009 census the population of the commune was 9,433.

Tombouctou Region
Tombouctou Region or Timbuktu Region (Bambara: ߕߎߡߎߕߎ ߘߌߣߋߖߊ, Tumutu Dineja) is one of the administrative regions of Mali. For administrative purposes, the region is subdivided into five cercles.

The region is part of northern Mali that was separated and declared independent by the National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad (MNLA) during the Tuareg rebellion of 2012. In the course of the conflict, the MNLA lost control of the territory to Islamist militias.

Tombouctou Region is world-famous for its capital, the ancient city Timbuktu (French: Tombouctou), synonymous to 19th-century Europeans with an elusive, hard-to-reach destination. The city gained fame in 1390 when its ruler, Mansa Musa I, went on a pilgrimage to Mecca, stopping with his entourage in Egypt and dispensing enough gold to devalue the Egyptian currency. This started the legend of a city in the interior of Africa, where roads were said to be paved with gold and buildings topped with roofs of gold.
Sadoul
Sadoul is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Georges Sadoul (1904–1967), French journalist and cinema writer

Numa Sadoul (born 1947), French writer, actor, and director

Jacques Sadoul (writer) (1934–2013), French author

Jacques Sadoul (politician) (1881–1956), French communist politician

Georges Sadoul
Georges Sadoul (French: [ʒɔʁʒ sadul]; 4 February 1904 – 13 October 1967) was a French film critic, journalist and cinema writer. He is known for writing encyclopedias of film and filmmakers, many of which have been translated into English.
Lake Ardibbo
Lake Ardibbo is a freshwater lake of Ethiopia. It is located north of Dessie, in the Debub Wollo Zone of the Amhara Region. It is situated about five kilometers southeast of Lake Hayq; both lakes are in Tehuledere woreda.

This lake is smaller in size than Lake Hayq and flows into Hayq via the Anchercah River.

Dessie
Dessie (Amharic: ደሴ, romanized: Däse; also spelled Dese or Dessye) is a town in north-central Ethiopia. Located in the South Wollo Zone of the Amhara Region, it sits at a latitude and longitude of 11°8′N 39°38′E﻿ / ﻿11.133°N 39.633°E﻿ / 11.133; 39.633, with an elevation between 2,470 and 2,550 metres above sea level. Dessie is 400 km to the north of the capital Addis Ababa. It has a population of more than 200,000 people in over 30 wards.
Shepherd's Bush railway station
Shepherd's Bush is an interchange station between the Mildmay line of the London Overground and National Rail services operated by Southern, located in Shepherd's Bush, West London. It opened on 29 September 2008 and lies within London fare zone 2.

A number of stations in the area both past and present have borne the name Shepherd's Bush; today the National Rail station shares its name with the adjacent Central line Shepherd's Bush, with which it shares a surface-level interchange.

An entirely separate London Underground station, Shepherd's Bush Market on the Circle line and Hammersmith & City line located approximately 500 metres (0.3 miles) away was originally called Shepherd's Bush. This station was renamed on 12 October 2008 to Shepherd's Bush Market to avoid confusion.

Interchange station
An interchange station or a transfer station is a train station for more than one railway route in a public transport system that allows passengers to change from one route to another, often without having to leave a station or pay an additional fare.

Transfer may occur within the same mode, or between rail modes, or to buses (for stations with bus termini attached). Such stations usually have more platforms than single route stations. These stations can exist in either commercial centers or on the city outskirts in residential areas. Cities typically plan for land use around interchange stations for development. Passengers may be required to pay extra fare for the interchange if they leave a paid area.
Pastina
Pastina (lit. 'little pasta') is a variety of pasta consisting of tiny pieces, typically of a round (irregular) shape with a diameter of about two millimetres (1⁄16 inch). It is the smallest type of pasta produced. It is made of wheat flour and may also include egg. Pastina is a general term referring to many small shapes of pasta. It is used in many different ways in Italian cuisine, including as an ingredient of soup, desserts, infant food and also, alone, as a distinct and unique pasta dish.

It is also referred to as "Italian penicillin". Stanley Tucci's follow-up memoir "What I Ate in One Year (and Related Thoughts)" mentions in his book cooking pastina, "that Italian cure-all", for his son.

Eggs as food
Humans and other hominids have consumed eggs for millions of years. The most widely consumed eggs are those of fowl, especially chickens. People in Southeast Asia began harvesting chicken eggs for food by 1500 BCE. Eggs of other birds, such as ducks and ostriches, are eaten regularly but much less commonly than those of chickens. People may also eat the eggs of reptiles, amphibians, and fish. Fish eggs consumed as food are known as roe or caviar.

Hens and other egg-laying creatures are raised throughout the world, and mass production of chicken eggs is a global industry. In 2009, an estimated 62.1 million metric tons of eggs were produced worldwide from a total laying flock of approximately 6.4 billion hens. There are issues of regional variation in demand and expectation, as well as current debates concerning methods of mass production. In 2012, the European Union banned battery husbandry of chickens.
Kahama Urban District
Kahama Urban District is one of the five districts of the Shinyanga Region of Tanzania. Its administrative centre is the town of Kahama. It is bordered to the north and south by Kahama Rural District, to the east by Nzega District and to the west by Bukombe District.

According to the 2022 Tanzania National Census, the population of the Kahama Urban District was 453,654.

In 2021 President Magufuli promoted Kahama from a town council to a municipal council.

Nzega District
Nzega District is one of the seven districts of the Tabora Region of Tanzania. It is bordered to the north by Shinyanga Region, to the south and southwest by Uyui District and to the east by Igunga District. Its administrative seat is the town of Nzega.
Kaptai Upazila
Kaptai (Bengali: কাপ্তাই) is an upazila of Rangamati District in Chittagong, Bangladesh. The name of the Kaptai was derived from the Tripuri word "Kaptetoima". It is said that in the past, the river was wild and full of tropical flora and fauna. Large quantities and several varieties of canes could be found along the river bank that flows from the south, upper ridge. The river reaches its estuary at the Kainsa Khyong (Karnafuli River).

Notable landmarks are the Karnaphuli Hydroelectric Power Station, the only hydroelectric power plant of Bangladesh. The Kaptai Dam, built for this purpose on the Karnaphuli River, created the Kaptai Lake, the largest man-made dam in Bangladesh.

Chittagong Division
Chittagong Division (Bengali: চট্টগ্রাম বিভাগ), officially Chattogram Division, is geographically the largest of the eight administrative Divisions of Bangladesh. It covers the southeasternmost areas of the country, with a total area of 34,529.97 km2 (13,332.10 sq mi) and a population according to the 2022 census of 33,202,326, which made it the second most populous division of Bangladesh and the 45th most populous subnational entity in the world — more populous than all but 43 other countries.
Chittagong Division is home to Cox's Bazar, the longest natural sea beach in the world; as well as St. Martin's Island, Bangladesh's sole coral reef.
1950 in sports
1950 in Sports describes the year's events in world sport.
Popular sports during the 1950s were badminton and soccer.  Also, 1950 was a huge year for horse racing – horse racing tripled in spectators and prize pools increased.

Babe Didrikson Zaharias
Mildred Ella "Babe" Didrikson Zaharias (/zəˈhɑːriəs/; née Didrikson; June 26, 1911 – September 27, 1956) was an American athlete who excelled in golf, basketball, baseball, and track and field. She won two gold medals and a silver in track and field at the 1932 Summer Olympics before turning to professional golf and winning 10 LPGA major championships.
Promi Big Brother season 6
Promi Big Brother 2018, also known as Promi Big Brother 6 was the sixth season of the German reality television series Promi Big Brother. The show began airing on 17 August 2018 on Sat.1 and ended after 17 days on 31 August 2018. It was the sixth series of the Big Brother franchise in total to air on Sat.1 to date. Jochen Schropp returned as host of the show and with new host Marlene Lufen.

Silvia Wollny was announced as the winner of the season, with Chethrin Schulze as the runner-up.

Promi Big Brother
Promi Big Brother is a German television reality show based on the Dutch show Big Brother, created by producer John de Mol Jr. in 1997, which is airing from 2013. The show followed a number of celebrity contestants, known as Promis (lit. Celebrities), who were isolated from the outside world for an extended period of time in a custom-built Set. In Season 1–7, after the second week, every day, one of the housemates was evicted by a public vote, with the last housemate, named the winner. For the first time, season 8 of Promi Big Brother aired for three weeks.

Promi Big Brother began as a spin-off series to the original Big Brother Germany, and premiered on Sat.1 on 13 September 2013.

Comedian Cindy aus Marzahn and television presenter and Comedian Oliver Pocher hosted the first season. Jochen Schropp hosted season two onward. Season five was hosted by Jochen Schropp and Jochen Bendel and from season six onward the show is hosting by Jochen Schropp and Marlene Lufen.
Nuansa Pagi
Nuansa Pagi (lit. 'Morning Nuance') is the first morning newscast ever produced by a private television network in Indonesia. Nuansa Pagi debuted on RCTI from 1 January 1991 to 23 August 1993 as Buletin Pagi ('Morning Bulletin') before it evolved to go nationwide on 24 August 1993 as Nuansa Pagi and since then has become one of the strongest morning shows in the country, according to Nielsen Media Research. Nuansa Pagi was also carried by RCTI's then sister network SCTV (1993–1996).

On 9 February 2009, Seputar Indonesia was revamped and is the only news program on RCTI, now called Satu Seputar Indonesia. The morning news program Nuansa Pagi was renamed Seputar Indonesia Pagi. The afternoon news program Buletin Siang was renamed Seputar Indonesia Siang. The late night news program Buletin Malam was renamed Seputar Indonesia Malam. The main evening edition retained the Seputar Indonesia name due to the historical context.

SCTV (TV network)
PT Surya Citra Televisi (SCTV) is an Indonesian free-to-air television broadcaster. Established on 24 August 1990, it began as a local station in Surabaya with limited reach broadcasts before obtaining a national broadcasting license in January 1993.
Cairns Wharf Complex
Cairns Wharf Complex is a heritage-listed wharf at Wharf Street, Cairns City, Cairns, Cairns Region, Queensland, Australia. It was built from 1910 to 1948. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 17 December 1999.

Cairns Region
The Cairns Region is a local government area in Far North Queensland, Queensland, Australia, centred on the regional city of Cairns. It was established in 2008 by the amalgamation of the City of Cairns and the Shire of Douglas. However, following public protest and a referendum in 2013, on 1 January 2014, the Shire of Douglas was de-amalgamated from the Cairns Region and re-established as a separate local government authority.

The Cairns Regional Council's 2023–24 operating budget was A$433.5 million.

In the 2021 census, the Cairns Region had a population of 166,943 people.