hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Galina Tyurina
Galina Nikolaevna Tyurina (July 19, 1938 – July 21, 1970) was a Soviet mathematician specializing in algebraic geometry. Despite dying young, she was known for "a series of brilliant papers" on the classification of complex or algebraic structures on topological spaces, on K3 surfaces, on singular points of algebraic varieties, and on the rigidity of complex structures. She was the only woman among a group of "exceptionally brilliant" Soviet mathematicians who became active in the 1960s and "quickly became the leaders and the driving forces of Soviet mathematics".

Rigidity (mathematics)
In mathematics, a rigid collection C of mathematical objects (for instance sets or functions) is one in which every c ∈ C is uniquely determined by less information about c than one would expect.
The above statement does not define a mathematical property; instead, it describes in what sense the adjective "rigid" is typically used in mathematics, by mathematicians.
Ardeth Lake
Ardeth Lake is an alpine lake in Boise County, Idaho, United States, located high in the Sawtooth Mountains in the Sawtooth National Recreation Area.  The lake is approximately 18 miles (29 km) south of Stanley.  Ardeth Lake is most easily accessed from trailheads in the Sawtooth Valley, which are accessed from State Highway 75 or from the Grandjean trailhead to the northwest off of State Highway 21.

With a surface elevation of 8,228 feet (2,508 m) above sea level, Ardeth Lake often remains frozen into early summer.  At the southern end of the lake is Glens Peak at 10,053 feet (3,064 m) in elevation.

Ardeth Lake is in the central Sawtooth Wilderness, and wilderness permit can be obtained at trailheads.

Idaho State Highway 21
State Highway 21 (SH-21), also known as the Ponderosa Pine Scenic Byway, is a state highway in Idaho. It runs from Boise to Stanley, primarily as a two-lane road. With two-thirds of its length in Boise County, it passes by historic Idaho City and the village of Lowman to the western edge of the Sawtooth Mountains, then along their northern boundary to Stanley.

The road is designated as one of Idaho's scenic byways and provides access to Sawtooth National Recreation Area from Boise and the Treasure Valley. It primarily follows the Boise River and its tributary Mores Creek to the Boise Basin and beyond, and then the upper South Fork of the Payette River and a tributary from Lowman to Banner Creek Summit.
John D. Millett
John David Millett (March 14, 1912 – November 14, 1993) was the 16th president of Miami University in Oxford, Ohio, and first chancellor of the Ohio Board of Regents. During his career, he served as the Senior Vice President of the Academy for Educational Development in Washington, D.C. Millett Hall at Miami University and an academic building at Wright State University in Dayton, Ohio, are named in his honor.

Oxford, Ohio
Oxford is a city in Butler County, Ohio, United States. The population was 23,035 at the 2020 census. A college town, Oxford was founded in 1810 to serve as the home of Miami University. The city lies in southwestern Ohio roughly 4 miles (6.4 km) from the Indiana–Ohio border, approximately 30 miles (48 km) northwest of Cincinnati and 35 miles (56 km) southwest of Dayton.
Nakamura Utaemon
Nakamura Utaemon (中村歌右衛門) refers to one of six Japanese actors with family ties to classic kabuki theatre:

Nakamura Utaemon I (1714–1791)

Nakamura Utaemon II (1752-1798)

Nakamura Utaemon III (1778-1838)

Nakamura Utaemon IV (1798-1852)

Nakamura Utaemon V (1865-1940)

Nakamura Utaemon VI (1917-2001)

Nakamura Utaemon I
Nakamura Utaemon I (中村歌右衛門 (初代), 1714–1791) was a Japanese kabuki performer. He was the progenitor of a family of kabuki actors from the Keihanshin region.  He was the son of a provincial doctor.  As a youth, he decided to join a troupe of actors; and this was the beginning of a long career.

Nakamura Utaemon was a stage name with significant cultural and historical connotations.
The National Ballet Academy of Amsterdam
The Dutch National Ballet Academy of Amsterdam (NBA) is the premier school for classical ballet in the Netherlands. Young talented dancers receive a ballet education at the highest level. The NBA brings ballet dancers up to the professional standard that is required by top international ballet companies,  such as the Dutch National Ballet.

Classical ballet
Classical ballet is any of the traditional, formal styles of ballet that exclusively employ classical ballet technique. It is known for its aesthetics and rigorous technique (such as pointe work, turnout of the legs, and high extensions), its flowing, precise movements, and its ethereal qualities.

There are stylistic variations related to an area or origin, which are denoted by classifications such as Russian ballet, French ballet, British ballet and Italian ballet. For example, Russian ballet features high extensions and dynamic turns, whereas Italian ballet tends to be more grounded, with a focus on fast, intricate footwork. Many of the stylistic variations are associated with specific training methods that have been named after their originators. Despite these variations, the performance and vocabulary of classical ballet are largely consistent throughout the world.
Radville
Radville is a town in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan, in the RM of Laurier No. 38. It was incorporated in 1911 after being settled in 1895. Highway 28 and Highway 377 pass through the town. Nearby communities include the village of Ceylon, 23 km to the west, and the city of Weyburn, 51 km to the north-east. Major nearby urban centres include Regina, which is 148 km to the north, and Moose Jaw, which is 143 km north-west.

Long Creek runs along the northern and eastern side of the town, providing fishing and recreation to the locals. To the south of town, a second dam is located for the water supply pumphouse.

Moose Jaw
Moose Jaw is the fourth largest city in Saskatchewan, Canada. Lying on the Moose Jaw River in the south-central part of the province, it is situated on the Trans-Canada Highway, 177 km (110 mi) east of Swift Current and 77 km (48 mi) west of Regina. Residents of Moose Jaw are known as Moose Javians. The city is surrounded by the Rural Municipality of Moose Jaw No. 161.

Moose Jaw is an industrial centre and a critical railway junction for the area's agricultural produce. CFB Moose Jaw, located a few kilometres south of the city, is a NATO flight training school and is home to the Snowbirds, Canada's military aerobatic air show flight demonstration team. Moose Jaw also has a casino and geothermal spa.
Ridgeland-Hardeeville High School
Ridgeland-Hardeeville High School or RHHS is a public high school within the Jasper County School District, located in Ridgeland, South Carolina. The high school serves students in all of Jasper County and takes its name after the two major communities in the county, Ridgeland and Hardeeville.

The school was formed in 2012 following the consolidation of Hardeeville High School and Ridgeland High School as part of the JCSD's overall reorganization of schools.  RHHS utilizes the facilities of the former Ridgeland High School, whereas Hardeeville-Ridgeland Middle School utilizes the facilities of the former Hardeeville High School.

Jasper County, South Carolina
Jasper County is the southernmost county in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 28,791. Its county seat is Ridgeland and its largest community is Hardeeville. The county was formed in 1912 from portions of Hampton County and Beaufort County. Jasper County is included in the Hilton Head Island-Bluffton-Port Royal, SC Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Lowcountry region of the state.
General Mining Act of 1872
The General Mining Act of 1872 is a United States federal law that authorizes and governs prospecting and mining for economic minerals, such as gold, platinum, and silver, on federal public lands. This law, approved on May 10, 1872, codified the informal system of acquiring and protecting mining claims on public land, formed by prospectors in California and Nevada from the late 1840s through the 1860s, such as during the California Gold Rush.
All citizens of the United States of America 18 years or older have the right under the 1872 mining law to locate a lode (hard rock) or placer (gravel) mining claim on federal lands open to mineral entry. These claims may be located once a discovery of a locatable mineral is made. Locatable minerals include but are not limited to platinum, gold, silver, copper, lead, zinc, uranium and tungsten.

Prospecting
Prospecting is the first stage of the geological analysis (followed by exploration) of a territory. It is the search for minerals, fossils, precious metals, or mineral specimens. It is also known as fossicking.

Traditionally prospecting relied on direct observation of mineralization in rock outcrops or in sediments. Modern prospecting also includes the use of geologic, geophysical, and geochemical tools to search for anomalies which can narrow the search area. Once an anomaly has been identified and interpreted to be a potential prospect direct observation can then be focused on this area.

In some areas a prospector must also stake a claim, meaning they must erect posts with the appropriate placards on all four corners of a desired land they wish to prospect and register this claim before they may take samples. In other areas publicly held lands are open to prospecting without staking a mining claim.
Sutton Veny
Sutton Veny is a village and civil parish in the Wylye valley, to the southeast of the town of Warminster in Wiltshire, England; the village is about 3 miles (5 km) from Warminster town centre. 'Sutton' means 'south farmstead' in relation to Norton Bavant, one mile (1.6 km) to the north. 'Veny' may be a French family name or may describe the village's fenny situation. In 2011 the parish had a population of 734.

The parish is bounded in the northeast by the Wylye, and in the east includes part of the village of Tytherington. In 1885 when the small parish of Pertwood was extinguished, its northern section was transferred to Sutton Veny.

John Loughborough Pearson
John Loughborough Pearson RA (5 July 1817 – 11 December 1897) was a British Gothic Revival architect renowned for his work on churches and cathedrals. Pearson revived and practised largely the art of vaulting, and acquired in it a proficiency unrivalled in his generation. He worked on at least 210 ecclesiastical buildings in England alone in a career spanning 54 years.
Louis Amable Crapelet
Louis Amable Crapelet, a French water-colour painter, born at Auxerre in 1822, studied under Corot, Durand-Brager, and Séchan. He went to Egypt in 1852, and ascended the Nile as far as the third cataract, returning to France in 1854. Many of his drawings were the result of this expedition. He died at Marseilles in 1867.

Cataracts of the Nile
The Cataracts of the Nile are shallow lengths (or whitewater rapids) of the Nile river, between Khartoum and Aswan, where the surface of the water is broken by many small boulders and stones jutting out of the river bed, as well as many rocky islets. In some places, these stretches are punctuated by whitewater, while at others the water flow is smoother but still shallow.
Nicaea (mythology)
In Greek mythology, Nicaea (/naɪˈsiːə/ nye-SEE-ə) or Nikaia (Ancient Greek: Νίκαια, romanized: Níkaia, pronounced [nǐːkai̯a]) is a Naiad nymph of the springs or fountain of the ancient Greek colony of Nicaea in Bithynia (in northwestern Asia Minor) or else the goddess of the adjacent lake Ascanius. Nicaea and her myth are featured primarily in the Dionysiaca, a fifth-century epic poem by Nonnus, though she might have originated from local stories of Bithynia. The virginal nymph Nicaea is courted by Dionysus, although she rejects him.

Bithynia
Bithynia (/bɪˈθɪniə/; Koine Greek: Βιθυνία, romanized: Bithynía) is a geographical region of northwestern Asia Minor (in present-day Turkey), adjoining the Sea of Marmara, the Bosporus, and the Black Sea. It borders Mysia to the southwest, Paphlagonia to the northeast along the Black Sea coast, and Phrygia to the southeast towards the interior of Asia Minor.

Hellenistic Bithynia was an independent kingdom from the 3rd century BC. Its capital Nicomedia was rebuilt on the site of ancient Astacus in 264 BC by Nicomedes I. Bithynia was bequeathed to the Roman Republic in 74 BC, and became united with the Pontus (region) region as the province of Bithynia and Pontus.

In the 7th century it was incorporated into the Byzantine Opsikion theme. It became a border region to the Seljuk Empire in the 13th century, and was eventually conquered by the Ottoman Turks between 1325 and 1333.
Niyaz Pulatov
Niyaz Pulatov (born 21 September 1998) is an Uzbekistani male taekwondo practitioner. He won the silver medal in the men's bantamweight event at the 2022 World Taekwondo Championships held in Guadalajara, Mexico. He represented Uzbekistan at the 2018 Asian Games and claimed a silver medal in the men's 58kg flyweight event.

Uzbekistan at the 2018 Asian Games
Uzbekistan participated in the 2018 Asian Games in Jakarta and Palembang, Indonesia from 18 August to 2 September 2018. Uzbekistan made its debut at the Asian Games in 1994 Hiroshima, and the best achievement was in 2002 Busan, with the acquisition of 15 gold, 12 silver and 24 bronze medals. At the last edition in Incheon, the country wrapped up its campaign with 45 medals in all - nine gold, 14 silver and 22 bronze.
Rex (Norwegian TV channel)
Rex is a Norwegian television channel designed for a mostly male audience.

The first program on Max was the movie Wild Hogs, followed by the premiere of Breaking Bad. The first week was watched by over 1 million viewers, making it the most successful launch of a Norwegian television channel since TV 2 in 1992.

In November 2010 Max bought the rights to Tippeligaen from NRK.

The channel changed its name from Max to Rex on 19 March 2024, in anticipation for the launch of the Max streaming service in Norway. There were no changes to the type of content shown.

Wild Hogs
Wild Hogs is a 2007 American biker road comedy film written by Brad Copeland, directed by Walt Becker and starring Tim Allen, John Travolta, Martin Lawrence and William H. Macy. It was released nationwide in the United States and Canada on March 2, 2007. The film received negative reviews and grossed over $253 million against a budget of $60 million.

It was the last Touchstone Pictures film to be distributed by Buena Vista Pictures Distribution, after Disney retired the Buena Vista moniker across their company's divisions in the same year. The theatrical distribution label became Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures.
Adam Airport
Adam Airport (IATA: AOM, ICAO: OOAD) is an air base and proposed domestic airport situated in the Adam wilayah of the Ad Dakhiliyah Region of Oman. The air base is 18 kilometres (11 mi) northwest of the town of Adam.

Runway length does not include 360 metres (1,180 ft) displaced thresholds on each end. The Izki VOR-DME (Ident: IZK) is located 31.7 nautical miles (59 km) northeast of the airport. A VOR-DME is located on the field.

Ad Dakhiliyah Governorate
Ad Dakhiliyah (Arabic: الداخلية, romanized: Ad-Dāḫilīyah, lit. 'The Interior') is one of the eleven governorates (muhafazah) of Oman with Nizwa town as the regional center. It was previously a region (mintaqah). It became a governorate on 28 October 2011.
Louis-Charles-Auguste Hébert
Louis-Charles-Auguste Hébert (French pronunciation: [lwi ʃaʁl oɡyst ebɛʁ]; 31 December 1763 – 3 October 1836) was a missionary of Paris Foreign Missions Society and was the Vicar Apostolic of Madurai and Coromandel Coast from 8 July 1836 until his death on 3 October 1836.

Pondicherry
Pondicherry, officially known as Puducherry, is the capital and most populous city of the Union Territory of Puducherry in India. The city is in the Puducherry district on the southeast coast of India and is surrounded by the Bay of Bengal to the east and the state of Tamil Nadu, with which it shares most of its culture, heritage, and language.
Olanrewaju Fagbohun
Olanrewaju Adigun Fagbohunlistenⓘ SAN (born 19 October 1966) is a Nigerian lawyer, academic, author, investor, professor of environmental law, regulations, and a Senior Advocate of Nigeria. He served as the 8th substantive vice-chancellor of Lagos State University between 11 January 2016 to 10 January 2021. His administration as LASU's vice chancellor witnessed tremendous gains in research, innovations and infrastructural development – which helped to propel the university from obscurity to the second best university in Nigeria according to the 2021 Times Higher Education ranking. He was appointed by the governor of Lagos State, Akinwunmi Ambode to succeed professor John Obafunwa, a Nigerian pathologist whose tenure ended on 31 October 2015.
His appointment was lauded by the Lagos State University chapter of the Academic Staff Union of Universities. The association through the chapter chairman pledge their full support for good administration.

International Bar Association
The International Bar Association (IBA), founded in 1947, is a bar association of international legal practitioners, bar associations and law societies. The IBA in 2018 had a membership of more than 80,000 individual lawyers and 190 bar associations and law societies. Its global headquarters are located in London, England, and it has regional offices in Washington, D.C., United States, Seoul, South Korea and São Paulo, Brazil.
Headland Hotel
The Headland Hotel is a Grade II listed building located in Newquay, Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It was opened in June 1900 and is built on a prominent position overlooking Fistral Beach and Towan Head.

Towan Head
Towan Head (Cornish: Penn Tewyn) is a headland one mile west of Newquay on the north coast of Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is at the western end of Newquay Bay. The headland points north and Fistral Beach is immediately to the south.
Matilde Marcolli
Matilde Marcolli is an Italian-American mathematical physicist. She won the Heinz Maier-Leibnitz-Preis of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and the Sofia Kovalevskaya Award of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, and has authored and edited numerous books.  She is currently the Robert F. Christy Professor of Mathematics and Computing and Mathematical Sciences at the California Institute of Technology.

Mathematical physics
Mathematical physics is the development of mathematical methods for application to problems in physics. The Journal of Mathematical Physics defines the field as "the application of mathematics to problems in physics and the development of mathematical methods suitable for such applications and for the formulation of physical theories". An alternative definition would also include those mathematics that are inspired by physics, known as physical mathematics.
Janet González Tostado
Janet Graciela González Tostado (born 20 December 1957) is a Mexican politician from the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). 
In the 2009 mid-terms she was elected to the Chamber of Deputies to represent Puebla's 5th district during the 61st session of Congress.

LXI Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The LXI Legislature of the Congress of the Union, the 61st session of the Congress of Mexico, met from 1 September 2009 to 31 August 2012. Members of the upper house of the Congress were selected in the elections of July 2006 while members of the lower house of the Congress were selected in the elections of July 2009.
2012 United States House of Representatives elections in Florida
The 2012 United States House of Representatives elections in Florida were held on Tuesday, November 6, 2012, to elect the 27 congressional representatives from the state, one from each of the state's 27 congressional districts, a two-seat increase due to the 2010 United States census. The elections coincided with the elections of other federal and state offices, including a quadrennial presidential election and a U.S. Senate election. The primary elections were held on August 14, 2012.

National Association of Letter Carriers
The National Association of Letter Carriers (NALC) is an American labor union, representing non-rural letter carriers employed by the United States Postal Service. It was founded in 1889. The NALC has 2,500 local branches representing letter carriers in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands and Guam.
Hal Manders
Harold Carl Manders (June 14, 1917 – January 21, 2010) was an American professional baseball player, a relief pitcher in Major League Baseball who appeared in 30 games for the Detroit Tigers (1941–42; 1946) and Chicago Cubs (1946).

Games pitched
In baseball statistics, games pitched (denoted by Games G in tables of only pitching statistics) is the number of games in which a player appears as a pitcher. The statistic is also referred to as appearances, especially to refer to the number of games a relief pitcher has pitched in.

Normally, a pitcher must face at least one batter (or three batters in some relief situations), but exceptions are made in the case of injury. A notable example was Larry Yount, who suffered an injury while throwing warmup pitches after being summoned as a reliever in a Major League Baseball (MLB) game on September 15, 1971. He did not face a batter, but was credited with an appearance because he had been announced as a substitute. Yount never appeared in (or actually played in) any other MLB game.
Riley Everhart Farm and General Store
Riley Everhart Farm and General Store is a historic farm and general store located near Welcome, Davidson County, North Carolina. The main house was built in 1885, and is an I-house that consists of a two-story, three-bay by two-bay, brick main block with a two-story rear ell with Italianate-style design elements.  It has a one-story front porch and one-story porches on the ell. The Arnold General Store and Post Office is a tall, narrow two-story, three-bay, frame building with a gable roof. Also on the property are the contributing original brick dairy and wellhouse, original log barn, granary, gear house, corn crib, woodhouse, chicken house, and garage.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.

Davidson County, North Carolina
Davidson County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, its population was 168,930. Its county seat is Lexington, and its largest community is Thomasville. Davidson County is included in the Winston-Salem, NC metropolitan statistical area, which is also included in the Greensboro–Winston-Salem–High Point, NC combined statistical area. Parts of Davidson County are in the Yadkin Valley AVA.
Ebeyty
Ebeyty (Russian: Эбейты) is a salt lake in Omsk Oblast, Russian Federation.

The Kazakhstan–Russia border lies about 50 km (31 mi) to the southeast of the lake. Ebeyty lies at the tripoint of Moskalensky, Poltavsky and Isilkulsky districts. The waters of the lake are reputed to have healing properties.

Poltavsky District
Poltavsky District (Russian: Полта́вский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-two in Omsk Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the oblast. The area of the district is 2,800 square kilometers (1,100 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a work settlement) of Poltavka. Its 21,772  people (2010 Census) account for 32.3% of the district's total population.