hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vitali convergence theorem
In real analysis and measure theory, the Vitali convergence theorem, named after the Italian mathematician Giuseppe Vitali, is a generalization of the better-known dominated convergence theorem of Henri Lebesgue. It is a characterization of the convergence in Lp in terms of convergence in measure and a condition related to uniform integrability.

Henri Lebesgue
Henri Léon Lebesgue ForMemRS (/ləˈbɛɡ/; French: [ɑ̃ʁi leɔ̃ ləbɛɡ]; June 28, 1875 – July 26, 1941) was a French mathematician known for his theory of integration, which was a generalization of the 17th-century concept of integration—summing the area between an axis and the curve of a function defined for that axis. His theory was published originally in his dissertation Intégrale, longueur, aire ("Integral, length, area") at the University of Nancy during 1902.
Ariel Suárez
Ariel Suárez (born 24 February 1980) is an Argentine rower who placed 4th in the double sculls at the 2012 Summer Olympics with Cristian Rosso. He won two gold medals and a bronze medal at the 2011 Pan American Games and two silver medals at the 2007 Pan American Games. In 2010 he was granted a Konex Merit Diploma as one of the previous decade's five best Argentine rowers.

Rowing at the 2007 Pan American Games
Rowing at the 2007 Pan American Games will take place at the Lagoa Rodrigo de Freitas, the same venue that hosted the Canoe and Kayak and Water Skiing events. Although the initial intention of the Organizing Committee was to have the whole Olympic Program at the Pan American Games, the Women's Eight was not held due to lack of participants.
Jerzy Twardokens
Jerzy Twardokens (11 December 1931 – 26 July 2015) was a Polish fencer. He competed in the individual foil and team sabre events at the 1952 Summer Olympics.

After the World Fencing Championship in Philadelphia in 1958, Twardokens decided to stay in the United States. He later worked at the University of Nevada at Reno, where he was a professor who taught kinesiology. His daughter Eva Twardokens represented the United States in alpine skiing at two Olympic Games.

Foil (fencing)
A foil is one of the three weapons used in the sport of fencing. It is a flexible weapon of total length 110 cm (43 in) or under, rectangular in cross section, weighing under 500 g (18 oz), with a blunt tip. As with the épée, points are only scored by making contact with the tip. The foil is the most commonly used weapon in fencing.
A Leaf
A Leaf is a classical piece written by Paul McCartney, with assistance from John Fraser, and performed by Anya Alexeyev on piano. The piece is split into 7 parts. It was recorded live in front of Prince Charles as part of the "An Evening with Paul McCartney & Friends" concert, on 23 March 1995 at Royal College of Music, and it was debuted on US radio as part of a radio special titled Classical McCartney.

An orchestral version, performed by the London Symphony Orchestra, appears on McCartney's 1999 album Working Classical. Another orchestral version was recorded on 23 July 1996, at AIR Studios, in London, but remains unreleased.

An original arrangement for piano duet of A Leaf is part of the album British Music for Piano Four Hands.  Commissioned by XXI-21 Productions Inc., this album was recorded in 2009 by Duo Caron, on Fazioli piano, at the Bon-Pasteur Chapel in Montreal, Canada.

Fazioli
Fazioli Pianoforti (Italian pronunciation: [fatˈtsjɔːli ˌpjanoˈfɔrti]), translated as Fazioli Pianos, produces grand and concert pianos from their factory in Sacile, Italy. The company was founded by engineer and pianist Paolo Fazioli in 1981. As of 2016, craftsmen at Fazioli build 140 pianos a year.
A Mounting Crisis...As Their Fury Got Released
A Mounting Crisis...As Their Fury Got Released, released on May 25, 2005 by Yggr Drasill Records, is a full-length album by thrash metal band Grief of War. It was re-released on February 19, 2008 through Prosthetic Records. Invisible Oranges described the album as having "old-school flavor".

Prosthetic Records
Prosthetic Records is an American record label specializing in heavy metal recordings, founded in Los Angeles, California, in 1998 by E.J. Johantgen and Dan Fitzgerald. Prosthetic Records released the first two albums by Lamb of God and Animals as Leaders, and was the North American home to Gojira.

In June 2025, the label was acquired by MNRK Music Group.
2006 British Rowing Championships
The 2006 British Rowing Championships were the 35th edition of the National Championships, held from 14–16 July 2006 at the Strathclyde Country Park in Motherwell, North Lanarkshire. They were organised and sanctioned by British Rowing, and are open to British rowers.

Motherwell
Motherwell (Scots: Mitherwall, Scottish Gaelic: Tobar na Màthar) is a town and former burgh in North Lanarkshire, Scotland, around 12 miles (19 km) south east of Glasgow. It has a population of around 32,120. Historically in the parish of Dalziel and part of Lanarkshire, Motherwell is the headquarters for North Lanarkshire Council. Geographically the River Clyde separates Motherwell from Hamilton to the west whereas the South Calder Water separates Motherwell from Carfin to the north-east and New Stevenston and Bellshill towards the north.

Motherwell is also geographically attached to Wishaw and the two towns form a large urban area in North Lanarkshire, with both towns having similar populations and strong community ties.
Bashundhara
Bashundhara can refer to:

Bashundhara Group, one of the largest industrial conglomerates of Bangladesh
Bashundhara Ad-din Medical College, a joint venture medical college between Bashundhara Group and Ad-din Foundation
Bashundhara City, shopping mall in Dhaka, the second largest shopping mall in Bangladesh
Bashundhara Residential Area, private residential area of Badda Thana in Dhaka District in the Division of Dhaka, Bangladesh
Bashundhara Kings, football club which is playing in Bangladesh Football Premier League 
Bashundhara Kings Arena, home stadium of Bashundhara Kings
Bashundhara Kings Ultras, supporters club of Bashundhara Kings
Bashundhara Kings Women, a women's football team
Bashundhara Bangladesh Open,  golf tournament on the Asian Tour
Islamic Research Center Bangladesh, known as Bashundhara Islamic Research Center

Basundhara, 2010 India Assamese-language drama film

Bashundhara Group
Bashundhara Group LTD (Bengali: বসুন্ধরা গ্রুপ) is a Bangladeshi conglomerate based in Dhaka. It was incorporated in 1987 as a real estate company under the name East West Property Development Ltd (EWPD). It presently owns more than 50 major concerns throughout Bangladesh. The company's import-export turnover was $1.12 billion or BDT 111.38 billion in the 2022-23 fiscal year. In the 2018 fiscal year, the company's real estate holdings amounted to BDT 50,000 crores, or $4.6 billion.
Noel Atkins
Noel William Atkins (17 October 1925 – 5 December 2015) was an Australian rules footballer, who played for various senior clubs in Tasmania between 1945 and 1959. He also represented the state several times in interstate matches,  and was inducted into the Tasmanian Football Hall of Fame in 2005.

Atkins played for Hobart in the Tasmanian Football League (TFL), North Launceston and Launceston in the Northern Tasmanian Football Association (NTFA), and East Devonport in the North West Football Union (NWFU).

Northern Tasmanian Football Association (1886–1986)
The Northern Tasmanian Football Association (NTFA) was an Australian rules football competition which ran from 1886 to 1986. In its time it was one of the three main leagues in Tasmania, with the Tasmanian Football League and North West Football Union representing the rest of the state. It was based in the city of Launceston.
The three most successful clubs of the old NTFA, Launceston, North Launceston and City-South, went on to compete in the short-lived TFL Statewide League.

From 1947 to 1983 the NTFA was a six team competition, in 1984 George Town and Deloraine joined to make eight teams.

In 1987, the NTFA merged with the North West Football Union to form the Northern Tasmanian Football League.

At the end of 1995 the Tasmanian Amateur Football Association disbanded, The southern clubs help form the Southern Football League, The northern clubs formed a competition called the Northern Tasmanian Football Association. There is no relationship between the old and new NTFA.
Hildegard Lamfrom
Hildegard Lamfrom was a German-American molecular biologist/biochemist. She helped develop one of the first in-vitro translation systems, using rabbit reticulocyte lysate to study protein synthesis (a process called translation) in a cell-free context. This allowed her to make a number of contributions to the field including providing some of the first direct evidence for the existence of messenger RNA (mRNA) as a protein template, as well as the existence of polyribosomes (aka polysomes) (multiple ribosomes translating on the same mRNA).

Middle tumor antigen
The middle tumor antigen (also called the middle T-antigen and abbreviated MTag or MT) is a protein encoded in the genomes of some polyomaviruses, which are small double-stranded DNA viruses. MTag is expressed early in the infectious cycle along with two other related proteins, the small tumor antigen and large tumor antigen. MTag occurs only in a few known polyomaviruses, while STag and LTag are universal - it was first identified in mouse polyomavirus (MPyV), the first polyomavirus discovered, and also occurs in hamster polyomavirus. In MPyV, MTag is an efficient oncoprotein that can be sufficient to induce neoplastic transformation in some cells.
Hval station
Hval station (Hval stasjon) is a railroad station on the Roa–Hønefoss Line, near Hval in Ringerike, Buskerud, Norway. The station opened in 1909 when the Bergen Railway was expanded from Hønefoss to Roa.

In the 1950s and 60s the station was important for the military staff working at Hvalsmoen and Eggemoen, both of which lay nearby. In 1973 the station became remote controlled. Passenger traffic ended on 1 November 1990, after the remote traffic to Bergen started to go through Drammen instead. Today the station is used as crossing tracks, but it also has separate side tracks. The station building is of the Sirnes-type, has drying loft and is protected.

Hønefoss
Hønefoss is a town and the administrative center of the municipality of Ringerike in Buskerud county, Norway. Hønefoss is an industrial center of inner Østlandet, containing several factories and other industry. As of 1 January 2022, Hønefoss had 16,547 inhabitants.
Between 1852 and 1964, the town was an independent municipality.

Hønefoss received town status and was separated from Norderhov into its own municipality in 1852. The town was built around the Hønefossen waterfall, from which the city derives its name. In 1964, Hønefoss ceased being a separate municipality and became part of Ringerike, where the town became its administrative center.

Hønefoss is a natural trading center for the populations of Ringerike, Hole, and Jevnaker. It is an inland town and a central hub in eastern Norway.
Devastation (video game)
Devastation is a first-person shooter video game developed by Digitalo Studios and released for Windows and Linux in 2003. It takes place in an impoverished, dystopian near-future Earth, pitting an underground group of rebels against an oppressive, all-powerful mega-corporation. It is an action-oriented first person shooter based on the Unreal Engine, that focuses heavily on team-based gameplay in both single-player and multiplayer.

Single-player video game
A single-player video game is a video game where input from only one player is expected throughout the gameplay. Video games in general can feature several game modes, including single-player modes designed to be played by a single player in addition to multi-player modes.

Most modern console games, PC games and arcade games are designed so that they can be played by a single player; although many of these games have modes that allow two or more players to play (not necessarily simultaneously), very few actually require more than one player for the game to be played. The Unreal Tournament series is one example of such.
Othniel (given name)
Othniel  is the name of the first of the Biblical Judges. It can also be a given name. Notable people with the given name include:

Othniel Dossevi (born 1947), Togolese footballer

Othniel Looker (1757–1845), American politician from Ohio and member of the Democratic-Republican Party. Briefly fifth Governor of Ohio

Othniel Charles Marsh (1831–1899), American paleontologist

Othniel Tripp (1826–?), American sailor

Othniel Wienges (1924–2013), American horse breeder and politician

Othniel Wienges
Othniel Henry Wienges, Jr. (December 27, 1924 – April 2, 2013) was an American Thoroughbred horse breeder and politician in South Carolina. He won numerous state and industry honors in breeding. After establishing prominence in the industry, Wienges entered politics, being elected as a Democrat to the state House of Representatives in 1962 and serving several terms until 1972.
Dick's Picks Volume 14
Dick's Picks Volume 14 is the 14th live album in the Dick's Picks series of releases by the Grateful Dead. It was recorded on November 30 and December 2, 1973, at Boston Music Hall in Boston, Massachusetts. Volume 14 was the last of the Dick's Picks series to be released during the lifetime of the series's namesake tape archivist, Dick Latvala.

As on Dick's Picks Volume 1, Donna Godchaux does not appear on this set as she had taken a hiatus from touring with the band due to pregnancy.

Dick Latvala
Richard Allan Latvala (26 July 1943 – 6 August 1999) was an American tape archivist for the Grateful Dead. He started the CD series Dick's Picks, a series that selects live music from Grateful Dead concerts. The first volume of Dick's Picks was released in 1993. The series continued after Latvala's death in 1999 until 2005, with later volumes being selected by David Lemieux. In 2012, the series inspired a spin-off officially known as Dave's Picks.
George Wallace (diplomat)
George W. Wallace Jr. (born May 30, 1938) is a Liberian who served as the foreign minister of Liberia from 2006 to 2007. He took office early in 2006, having been appointed to the cabinet of the incoming president Ellen Johnson Sirleaf and confirmed by the Senate. Wallace has had a long career as a Liberian diplomat and ambassador through all of its governments during the past several decades. In a cabinet reshuffle on August 22, 2007, he was replaced as foreign minister by Olubanka King Akerele and became special adviser to President Johnson Sirleaf instead.

Wallace was born to George Wallace and Elizabeth Yebade Wallace in Monrovia, Liberia.

Ministry of foreign affairs
In many countries, the ministry of foreign affairs (abbreviated as MFA or MOFA) is the highest government department exclusively or primarily responsible for the state's foreign policy and relations, diplomacy, bilateral, and multilateral relations affairs as well as for providing support, including consular services, for a country's citizens who are abroad. The entity is usually headed by a foreign minister or minister of foreign affairs (the title may vary, such as a secretary of state who has the same functions). The foreign minister typically reports to the head of government (such as prime minister or president).
Nagisa (harpist)
Nagisa or Nakisa was a noted harpist and composer of Sasanian music in the royal court of Khosrow II (r. 590–628). She was singing in this court.

Nizami  mentioned her in his book Khosrow and Shirin.  Amir Khosrow Dehlavi mentioned her  in another story of Shirin and Khosrow.

Nizami Ganjavi
Nizami Ganjavi (Persian: نظامی گنجوی, romanized: Niẓāmī Ganjavī, lit. 'Niẓāmī of Ganja'; c. 1141 – 1209), Nizami Ganje'i, Nizami, or Nezāmi, whose formal name was Jamal ad-Dīn Abū Muḥammad Ilyās ibn-Yūsuf ibn-Zakkī, was a 12th-century poet. Nizami is considered the greatest romantic epic poet in Persian literature, who brought a colloquial and realistic style to the Persian epic. His heritage is widely appreciated in Afghanistan, Republic of Azerbaijan, Iran, the Kurdistan region and Tajikistan.
Bắc Ninh
Bắc Ninh (listenⓘ) is a former city in the northern part of Vietnam and was the capital of Bắc Ninh province. The city was the cultural, administrative and commercial center of the province. The city area was 82.60 square km, with a population of 247,702 in 2019. In January 2006, the town (thị xã) of Bắc Ninh was upgraded to city (thành phố).

Bắc Ninh ceased to exist as a municipal city on 1 July 2025, following the elimination of district level units in Vietnam.

2025 Vietnamese administrative reform
As part of broader institutional reforms in 2024 and 2025, the Communist Party and Government of Vietnam announced the Plan to Arrange and Merge Administrative Units (Vietnamese: Phương án sắp xếp và sáp nhập đơn vị hành chính, lit. 'Project for [re]organising and merging administrative units'). As part of the re-organisation, the district level of units is to be eliminated and the number of local government units at the provincial and communal levels are to be reduced by around 50%. A constitutional amendment will be required to eliminate the district level of local authorities. It is also considered a transition period to revise the Vietnamese constitution and legal system. On 1 July 2025, Vietnam implemented its most extensive administrative reform in decades, merging 63 provinces and cities down to 34 first-level subdivisions and eliminating the district level entirely.
Shrine of Our Lady of Consolation
The Church of Our Lady of Consolation and Saint Francis is a Roman Catholic parish church and shrine in West Grinstead, in West Sussex. It was built from 1875 to 1876, with additions made to the church in 1896 and 1964.

The original church was designed by John Aloysius Crawley in 1875 and the latter additions were designed by Frederick Arthur Walters in 1896. It is situated on the corner of Steyning Road and Park Lane to the east of the A24 road. It is a Gothic Revival style church and a Grade II listed building.

The shrine is dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary under the
venerated title of Our Lady of Consolation which merited a pontifical decree of coronation from Pope Leo XIII on 12 July 1893.

Joseph Stanislaus Hansom
Joseph Stanislaus Hansom FRIBA (1845–1931) was a British architect. He was the son and partner of the better-known Joseph Aloysius Hansom, inventor of the Hansom cab. He trained with his father, becoming his partner in 1869, and taking over the family practice fully in 1880.

In 1881, he inherited the practice of John Aloysius Crawley (1834 –-1881). In 1881, he designed Our Lady of Sorrows Church in Bognor Regis and extended St Mary Immaculate Church, Falmouth.

He was among the founders, in 1904, of the Catholic Record Society, and was so active on its behalf that the former Archivist of the Holy Roman Church, Cardinal Francis Aidan Gasquet described him as "its prime mover and energy."
Cabo de Hornos National Park
Cabo de Hornos National Park is a protected area in southern Chile that was designated a Biosphere Reserve by UNESCO in 2005, along with Alberto de Agostini National Park. The world's southernmost national park, it is located 12 hours by boat from Puerto Williams in the Cape Horn Archipelago, which belongs to the Commune of Cabo de Hornos in the Antártica Chilena Province of Magallanes y Antártica Chilena Region.

The park was created in 1945 and includes the Wollaston Islands and the Hermite Islands. It covers 63,093 hectares (155,906 acres) and is run by the Corporacion Nacional Forestal (CONAF), the Chilean body that governs all national parks in Chile.

Cabo de Hornos, Chile
Cabo de Hornos (Cape Horn) is a Chilean commune located in the south of Tierra del Fuego archipelago, in Antártica Province, Magallanes Region. The municipality of Cabo de Hornos, located in the town of Puerto Williams, also administers the Antártica commune. It is named for Cabo de Hornos, or "Cape Horn", the southern tip of South America.
National Legal and Policy Center
The National Legal and Policy Center (NLPC) is a conservative 501(c)(3) non-profit group that monitors and reports on the ethics of public officials, supporters of liberal causes, and labor unions in the United States. The Center files complaints with government agencies, legally challenges what they view as abuse and corruption, and publishes reports. The NLPC is described as conservative in nature. The NLPC's current chairman is Peter Flaherty.

The NLPC was founded in 1991 following the release of the Senate Ethics Committee report into the Keating Five.

Philip M. Condit
Philip Murray Condit (born August 2, 1941) is an American engineer and businessman who was Chair and Chief executive officer (CEO) of the Boeing company from 1996 to 2003. He dramatically reshaped the company by its merger with McDonnell Douglas and relocating Boeing's headquarters from Seattle to Chicago. He resigned to take symbolic responsibility for a military procurement scandal, although he was not accused of any ethical breaches.
Robert Reilly (footballer)
Robert Reilly (born 23 September 1959) is a Scottish former football midfielder.

Reilly played with 11 Scottish clubs during his career, his most notable spell came arguably whilst playing for Clyde, where he made 168 appearances, scoring 28 goals.

Clyde F.C.
Clyde Football Club is a Scottish semi-professional football club who play in Scottish League Two. Nicknamed the Bully Wee, the club was formed in 1877 at the River Clyde in Glasgow, the club currently host their home matches at New Douglas Park in Hamilton, having played at Broadwood Stadium in Cumbernauld from 1994 until 2022.

The club's biggest accomplishments are winning the Scottish Cup on three occasions: 1939, 1955 and 1958; they reached the final a further three times, all during a long period based at Shawfield, in Rutherglen. They have not played in the top division of Scottish football since 1975.

The club have been managed by Darren Young since October 2024.
Judges 20
Judges 20 is the twentieth chapter of the Book of Judges in the Old Testament or the Hebrew Bible. According to Jewish tradition the book was attributed to the prophet Samuel, but modern scholars view it as part of the Deuteronomistic History, which spans in the books of Deuteronomy to 2 Kings, attributed to nationalistic and devotedly Yahwistic writers during the time of the reformer Judean king Josiah in 7th century BCE. This chapter records the war between the tribe of Benjamin and the other eleven tribes of Israel, belonging to a section comprising Judges 17 to 21.

Joshua 22
Joshua 22 is the twenty-second chapter of the Book of Joshua in the Hebrew Bible or in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. According to Jewish tradition  the book was attributed to Joshua, with additions by the high priests Eleazar and Phinehas, but modern scholars view it as part of the Deuteronomistic History, which spans the books of Deuteronomy to 2 Kings, attributed to nationalistic and devotedly Yahwistic writers during the time of the reformer Judean king Josiah in 7th century BCE. This chapter records the mediation for the issue of the establishment of an altar on the east back of Jordan River, a part of a section comprising Joshua 22:1–24:33 about the Israelites preparing for life in the land of Canaan.