hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Elizet Banda
Elizet Banda (born 16 February 1988 in Chingola) is a Zambian runner who specializes in the 1500 metres.

She finished eighth at the 2006 World Junior Championships and ninth at the 2008 African Championships. She also competed at the 2006 Commonwealth Games.

Her personal best time is 4:25.04 minutes, achieved in July 2006 in Windhoek.

Athletics at the 2006 Commonwealth Games
At the 2006 Commonwealth Games, the athletics events were held in Melbourne, Australia from 19 March to 25 March 2006. A total of 47 events were contested, of which 24 by male and 23 by female athletes. Furthermore, three men's and three women's disability events were held within the programme. All athletics events took place within the Melbourne Cricket Ground, while the marathon and racewalking events took place on the streets of Melbourne and finished at the main stadium.

The hosts Australia easily won the medals table with 16 golds and 41 medals in total. Jamaica came second with 10 golds and 22 medals, while Kenya and England were the next best performers. A total of eleven Games records were broken over the course of the seven-day competition. Six of the records were broken by Australian athletes.
Guilin Scenic Area
The scenic area of Guilin is a general term for tourism resources within  Guilin, including numerous attractions. Guilin's landscape has long been renowned for its "green hills, clear water, fantastic caves, and beautiful mountains". The region's natural scenery is characterized by its mountains, rivers, karst caves, historic sites and stone carvings. On June 24, 2014, Guilin, along with Shibing in Guizhou, Mount Jinfo in Chongqing and Huanjiang in Guangxi, was inscribed on the World Heritage List as part of the South China Karst at the 38th World Heritage Conference.

Petroglyph
A petroglyph is an image created by removing part of a rock surface by incising, picking, carving, or abrading, as a form of rock art. The term generally refers to rock engravings of ancient origin, often associated with prehistoric peoples. The oldest petroglyphs in the world are deemed to be those at Murujuga in Western Australia, which are 40,000–50,000 years old. Some petroglyphs are classified as protected monuments and some have been added to the list of UNESCO's World Heritage Sites, or such status has been applied for.
Bicarbonate buffer system
The bicarbonate buffer system is an acid-base homeostatic mechanism involving the balance of carbonic acid (H2CO3), bicarbonate ion (HCO−3), and carbon dioxide (CO2) in order to maintain pH in the blood and duodenum, among other tissues, to support proper metabolic function. Catalyzed by carbonic anhydrase, carbon dioxide (CO2) reacts with water (H2O) to form carbonic acid (H2CO3), which in turn rapidly dissociates to form a bicarbonate ion (HCO−3 ) and a hydrogen ion (H+) as shown in the following reaction:

As with any buffer system, the pH is balanced by the presence of both a weak acid (for example, H2CO3) and its conjugate base (for example, HCO−3) so that any excess acid or base introduced to the system is neutralized.

Failure of this system to function properly results in acid-base imbalance, such as acidemia (pH < 7.35) and alkalemia (pH > 7.45) in the blood.

Alkalosis
Alkalosis is the result of a process reducing hydrogen ion concentration of arterial blood plasma (alkalemia). In contrast to acidemia (serum pH 7.35 or lower), alkalemia occurs when the serum pH is higher than normal (7.45 or higher). Alkalosis is usually divided into the categories of respiratory alkalosis and metabolic alkalosis or a combined  respiratory/metabolic alkalosis.
Anant Prasad Singh
Anant Prasad Singh was an Indian politician belonging to Indian National Congress. He was elected as a member of Bihar Legislative Assembly from Mirganj in 1969 and 1972. He died on 27 January 2019 at the age of 92.

Bihar Legislative Assembly
The Bihar Legislative Assembly (ISO: Bihār Vidhān Sabhā), is the lower house of the bicameral Bihar Legislature of the state of Bihar in India. The first state elections were held in 1952.

Before the partition of Bihar, the total strength of membership in the assembly was 331, including one nominated member. After the partition, the seats were reduced to 243 members. Shri Krishna Singh became the first leader of the House and the first chief minister, Anugrah Narayan Singh was elected as the first deputy leader of the house and the first deputy chief minister.
Absalom Jones
Absalom Jones (November 7, 1746 – February 13, 1818) was an American abolitionist and clergyman who became prominent in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Disappointed at the racial discrimination he experienced in a local Methodist church, he founded the Free African Society with Richard Allen in 1787, a mutual aid society for black Americans in the city. The Free African Society included many people newly freed from slavery after the American Revolutionary War.

In 1794, Jones founded the first Black Episcopal congregation, and in 1802, he was the first African American to be ordained as a priest in the Episcopal Church of the United States. He is listed on the Episcopal calendar of saints. He is remembered liturgically on the date of his death, February 13, in the 1979 Book of Common Prayer as "Absalom Jones, Priest, 1818".

Book of Common Prayer (1979)
The 1979 Book of Common Prayer is the official primary liturgical book of the U.S.-based Episcopal Church. An edition in the same tradition as other versions of the Book of Common Prayer used by the churches within the Anglican Communion and Anglicanism generally, it contains both the forms of the Eucharistic liturgy and the Daily Office, as well as additional public liturgies and personal devotions. It is the fourth major revision of the Book of Common Prayer adopted by the Episcopal Church, and succeeded the 1928 edition. The 1979 Book of Common Prayer has been translated into multiple languages and is considered a representative production of the 20th-century Liturgical Movement.: 6 : 4
John Scott Martin
John Scott Martin (1 April 1926 – 6 January 2009) was an English actor born in Toxteth, Liverpool, Lancashire. He made many film, stage and television appearances, but one of his most famous, though unseen, roles was as a Dalek operator in the long-running BBC science fiction television series Doctor Who.

Erik the Viking
Erik the Viking  is a 1989 British comedy-fantasy film written and directed by Terry Jones. The film was inspired by Jones's children's book The Saga of Erik the Viking (1983), but the plot is completely different. Jones also appears in the film as King Arnulf.
Borden, Texas
Borden is an unincorporated community in southwestern Colorado County, Texas, United States. According to the Handbook of Texas, the community had a population of 60 in 2000.

The community was known as Harvey's Creek Settlement before the Civil War. After the war ended, Gail Borden returned to Texas, and at what would become Borden, built houses for himself, his brother, and his sons. He renamed the settlement Bordenville. The Galveston, Harrisburg and San Antonio Railway opened its line through the Borden area in 1872.

Buffalo Bayou, Brazos and Colorado Railway
The Buffalo Bayou, Brazos, and Colorado Railway (B.B.B.C. or B.B.B. & C.), also called the Harrisburg Road or Harrisburg Railroad, was the first operating railroad in Texas. It completed its first segment of track between Harrisburg, Texas (now a neighborhood of Houston) and Stafford's Point, Texas in 1853. The company established a western terminus at Alleyton, Texas prior to the Civil War. The railroad was sold after the war and reincorporated as the Galveston, Harrisburg, & San Antonio Railroad. This right of way was acquired by the Southern Pacific Railroad and is today a property of the Union Pacific Railroad.
Momaymora
Momaymora or Momaimora village is located in Rapar Tehsil of Kutch district in Gujarat, India. It is situated 31 km away from taluka headquarter Rapar and 175 km away from district headquarter Bhuj. Pin code of village is 370445. The village gets its name from temple of Goddess Momai, whose chief temple is located in village and one of pilgrimage site of Kutch, where fair is held in Navratri

Navaratri
Navaratri (Sanskrit: नवरात्रि, romanized: Navarātri) is an annual Hindu festival observed in honor of the goddess Durga, an aspect of Adi Parashakti, the supreme goddess. It spans over nine nights, first in the month of Chaitra (March/April of the Gregorian calendar), and again in the month of Ashvin (September–October). It is observed for different reasons and celebrated differently in various parts of the Hindu - Indian cultural sphere. Theoretically, there are four seasonal Navaratris. However, in practice, it is the post-monsoon autumn festival called Sharada Navaratri. There are also two additional Navaratris as well, in Shukla Paksha of the Magha Month (Magha Gupta Navaratri) and another in the Shukla Paksha of Ashadha Month.
Justino Arriaga Rojas
Justino Eugenio Arriaga Rojas (born 20 September 1979) is a Mexican politician. He has been affiliated with both the National Action Party (PAN) and the National Regeneration Movement (Morena).

He was the mayor of his hometown of Salamanca, Guanajuato, from 2012 to 2015. From 2009 to 2012, he served as a plurinominal deputy (2nd region) during the 61st session of Congress. He began his political career as municipal Secretary of Youth Action in the year 1999. He was also a SCAN trainer, State Counselor, and National Counselor as well.

LXI Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The LXI Legislature of the Congress of the Union, the 61st session of the Congress of Mexico, met from 1 September 2009 to 31 August 2012. Members of the upper house of the Congress were selected in the elections of July 2006 while members of the lower house of the Congress were selected in the elections of July 2009.
T-MOS thermal sensor
TMOS is a type of thermal sensor consisting in a micromachined thermally isolated transistor fabricated using CMOS-SOI(Silicon on Insulator) MEMS(Micro electro-mechanical system) technology. It has been developed in the last decade by the Technion - Israel Institute of Technology. A thermal sensor is a device able to detect the thermal radiation emitted by an object located in the FOV(Field Of View) of the sensor. Infrared radiation ( IR ) striking the sensor produces a change in the temperature of the device that as a consequence generates an electric output signal proportional to the incident IR power. The sensor is able to approximate the temperature of the object radiating thanks to the information contained in the impinging radiation, assuming a black-body radiator based on the Stefan - Boltzmann law. TMOS detector has two important characteristics that make it different from others: it's an active and uncooled sensor.

Field of view
The field of view (FOV) is the angular extent of the observable world that is seen at any given moment. In the case of optical instruments or sensors, it is a solid angle through which a detector is sensitive to electromagnetic radiation. It is further relevant in photography.
Fredrikstad District Court
Fredrikstad District Court (Norwegian: Fredrikstad tingrett) was a district court in southwestern Østfold county, Norway. The court was based in Fredrikstad. The court existed until 2021. It had jurisdiction over Fredrikstad Municipality and Hvaler Municipality. Cases from this court could be appealed to Borgarting Court of Appeal.

The court was a court of first instance. Its judicial duties were mainly to settle criminal cases and to resolve civil litigation as well as bankruptcy. The administration and registration tasks of the court included death registration, issuing certain certificates, performing duties of a notary public, and officiating civil wedding ceremonies. Cases from this court were heard by a combination of professional judges and lay judges.

Lay judge
A lay judge, sometimes called a lay assessor, is a person assisting a judge in a trial. Lay judges are used in some civil law jurisdictions. Lay judges are appointed volunteers and often require some legal instruction. However, they are not permanent officers. They attend proceedings about once a month, and often receive only nominal or "costs covered" pay. Lay judges are usually used when the country does not have juries. Lay judges may be randomly selected for a single trial (as jurors are), or politically appointed. In the latter case they may usually not be rejected by the prosecution, the defense, or the permanent judges. Lay judges are similar to magistrates of England and Wales, but magistrates sit about twice as often.
Wiechucice
Wiechucice [vjɛxuˈt͡ɕit͡sɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sieradz, within Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) south-east of Sieradz and 54 km (34 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Sieradz County
Sieradz County (Polish: powiat sieradzki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Sieradz, which lies 54 kilometres (34 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź. The county contains three other towns: Złoczew, lying 23 km (14 mi) south-west of Sieradz, Warta, lying 14 km (9 mi) north-west of Sieradz, and Błaszki, 23 km (14 mi) west of Sieradz.

The county covers an area of 1,491.04 square kilometres (575.7 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 121,013, out of which the population of Sieradz is 44,045, that of Złoczew is 3,403, that of Warta is 3,388, that of Błaszki is 2,179, and the rural population is 67,998.
Asperarca
Asperarca is a genus of bivalves in the family Arcidae which currently consists of eight species. They attach themselves to rocks or hard substrates with byssal threads in shallower, coastal waters. It was first described by Dr. Federico Sacco in December 1898 with the type taxon A. nodulosa that has been recorded throughout the coastal Mediterranean Sea, Baltic Sea, and northeastern Atlantic Ocean. The earliest known species are A. acuta and A. microida which were found in 2014 in Ukraine from the Eocene Epoch.

William Healey Dall
William Healey Dall (August 21, 1845 – March 27, 1927) was an American naturalist, a prominent malacologist, and one of the earliest scientific explorers of interior Alaska. He described many mollusks of the Pacific Northwest of North America, and was for many years America's preeminent authority on living and fossil mollusks.

Dall also made substantial contributions to ornithology, zoology, physical and cultural anthropology, oceanography, and paleontology. In addition, he carried out meteorological observations in Alaska for the Smithsonian Institution.
Shchyokino constituency
The Shchyokino constituency (No.177) was a Russian legislative constituency in Tula Oblast in 1993–2007. It covered southern Tula Oblast. The seat was last occupied by A Just Russia-Rodina faction member Andrey Samoshin, former Head of Leninsky District, who won the open-seat race in the 2003 election.

The constituency was dissolved in 2007 when State Duma adopted full proportional representation for the next two electoral cycles. Shchyokino constituency was not re-established for the 2016 election, as Tula Oblast lost its third seat, and is currently a part of Tula constituency.

Shchekino
Shchekino (Russian: Щёкино), also romanized Shchyokino, is a town and the administrative center of Shchyokinsky District in Tula Oblast, Russia, located on the Moscow—Simferopol highway (M2), 25 kilometers (16 mi) south of Tula, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 58,139 (2010 Census); 61,588 (2002 Census); 69,251 (1989 Soviet census); 72,000 (1977).
Estimation (project management)
Estimation within project management (e.g., for engineering or software development), are the basis of sound project planning.  Many processes have been developed to aid project managers in making accurate estimates.

Project planning
Project planning is part of project management, which relates to the use of schedules such as Gantt charts to plan and subsequently report progress within the project environment. Project planning can be done manually or by the use of  project management software.
Joe Hildebrand
Joe Hildebrand (born 23 June 1976) is an Australian journalist, television and radio presenter.

Hildebrand writes for Sydney's The Daily Telegraph and is also known to contribute to a number of other News Corp publications, including Melbourne's Herald Sun and news.com.au.

Triple M
Triple M is an Australian commercial radio network owned and operated by Southern Cross Austereo. The network consists of 45 radio stations with flagship stations broadcasting a mainstream/classic rock music format in Sydney, Melbourne, and Brisbane, 37 regional stations broadcasting a modern adult contemporary/adult hits format and 5 digital radio stations.

The network dates back to the launch of Triple M Sydney in 1980. On 15 December 2016, the network was amalgamated with the LocalWorks network of regional radio stations.
Archeological Site CA-INY-134
Archeological Site CA-INY-134, in Inyo County, California near Olancha, California, is an archeological site that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). The site is located in the Coso Range 6 miles (9.7 km) northwest of Coso Hot Springs. It has also been known as Ayer's Rock Pictograph Site, as Bob Rabbit's Pictographs, as INY-134 and as INY-105.  Prehistorically, it served as a camp and as a ceremonial site.  The site includes three pictograph panels carved into a monolith. The pictographs are painted in a variety of colors and depict animal and human figures.

A 9.1-acre (3.7 ha) area was listed on the NRHP in 2003.

The site was described by David S. Whitley, Tamara K. Whitley, and Joseph M. Simon in a 2005 publication of the Maturango Museum, located in Ridgecrest, California.

Olancha, California
Olancha (Timbisha: Pakwa' si) is a census-designated place in Inyo County, California, United States. Olancha is located on U.S. Route 395 in California, 37 miles (60 km) south-southeast of Independence. As of the 2020 census, the population was 131, down from 192 at the 2010 census.

Located in the Owens Valley next to the now mostly dry Owens Lake, the arid settlement is home to a major bottled water plant for Crystal Geyser Natural Alpine Spring Water.
Catalina Swimwear
Catalina (originally Bentz Knitting Mills, later Pacific Knitting Mills and Catalina Knitting Mills) is an American swimwear brand founded in 1907 in Los Angeles, California. Once one of the largest swimwear manufacturers in the United States, Catalina played a significant role in the development of American swimwear fashion and was instrumental in the creation of the Miss USA and Miss Universe beauty pageants in 1952.

Miss America
Miss America is an annual competition that is open to women from the United States between the ages of 18 and 28. Originating in 1921 as a "bathing beauty revue", the contest is judged on competition segments with scoring percentages: Private Interview (30%) – a 10-minute press conference-style interview with a panel of judges, On Stage Question (10%) – answering a judge's question onstage, Talent or HER Story (20%) – a performance talent or 90 second speech, Health and Fitness (20%) – demonstrated physical fitness onstage dressed in athletic wear, and Evening Gown (20%) – modeling evening-wear onstage.

The previous year's titleholder crowns the winner. Miss America 2026 is Cassie Donegan of New York, who was crowned on September 7, 2025, at the Dr Phillips Center for the Performing Arts in Orlando, Florida.
Cathedral of the Merciful Jesus, Vitebsk
The Cathedral of the Merciful Jesus  (Belarusian: Катэдральны сабор Ісуса Міласэрнага, romanized: Katedraĺny sabor Isusa Milasernaha) also called Vitebsk Cathedral It is the name given to a religious building that is located in Vitebsk, a city in Belarus.

The cathedral follows the Roman or Latin rite and serves as the cathedral of the Diocese of Vitebsk (Dioecesis Vitebscensis or Віцебскай дыяцэзіі) which was created in 1999 by bull "Ad aptius consulendum" by Pope John Paul II.

The laying of the first stone took place in 2004. The church, dedicated to Merciful Jesus in October 2009, was elevated to the cathedral by Pope Benedict XVI on 18 June 2011. On the occasion of the 30th anniversary of the election of Pope John Paul II, the Polish Catholics donated to the diocese a monument depicting Pope placed outside the cathedral.

Diocese of Vitebsk
The Diocese of Vitebsk (Latin: Vitebscen(sis), Belarusian: Віцебская) is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church located in the city of Vitebsk in the ecclesiastical province of Minsk-Mohilev in Belarus.
Neutron detection
Neutron detection is the effective detection of neutrons entering a well-positioned detector. There are two key aspects to effective neutron detection: hardware and software. Detection hardware refers to the kind of neutron detector used (the most common today is the scintillation detector) and to the electronics used in the detection setup. Further, the hardware setup also defines key experimental parameters, such as source-detector distance, solid angle and detector shielding. Detection software consists of analysis tools that perform tasks such as graphical analysis to measure the number and energies of neutrons striking the detector.

Elastic scattering
Elastic scattering is a form of particle scattering in scattering theory, nuclear physics and particle physics. In this process, the internal states of the particles involved stay the same. In the non-relativistic case, where the relative velocities of the particles are much less than the speed of light, elastic scattering simply means that the total kinetic energy of the system is conserved. At relativistic velocities, elastic scattering also requires the final state to have the same number of particles as the initial state and for them to be of the same kind.
Pakistan Women's T20 League
The Pakistan Women's T20 League (PWTL) is an upcoming professional 20-over cricket league to be contested by women's teams representing different cities in Pakistan. The league was soft-launched on 5 October 2022, by the Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB) Chairman, Ramiz Raja. The league was originally scheduled to be played from 3 to 18 March 2023, featuring four teams and 12 games, at Rawalpindi Cricket Stadium, Rawalpindi. The tournament was later postponed to September 2023, separating its schedule from that of the Pakistan Super League, with the additional announcement that the tournament would now have five teams competing.

In March 2023, three exhibition matches took place as a "test" for the league during the men's Pakistan Super League, between Amazons and Super Women. The series was won by Amazons, who won two of the three matches.

Ramiz Raja
Ramiz Hasan Raja (Urdu: رمیز حسن راجہ; born 14 August 1962) is a Pakistani cricket sports commentator, former cricketer and former chairman of the Pakistan Cricket Board (2021-2022).

He played international cricket for the Pakistan national cricket team from 1984 to 1997, appearing in 57 Test matches and 198 One Day Internationals (ODIs), and was part of the team that won the 1992 Cricket World Cup. Raja was occasionally appointed captain and scored over 8,000 runs across formats during his international career.

After retiring from professional cricket, he transitioned into commentary and analysis, becoming one of the most recognized voices in the cricketing world. He also hosts a popular YouTube channel, Ramiz Speaks, where he discusses cricket-related topics.