hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
BASE (search engine)
BASE (Bielefeld Academic Search Engine) is a multi-disciplinary search engine to scholarly internet resources, created by Bielefeld University Library in Bielefeld, Germany. It is based on free and open-source software such as Apache Solr and VuFind. It harvests OAI metadata from institutional repositories and other academic digital libraries that implement the Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting (OAI-PMH), and then normalizes and indexes the data for searching. In addition to OAI metadata, the library indexes selected web sites and local data collections, all of which can be searched via a single search interface.

VuFind
VuFind is an open-source library search engine that allows users to search and browse beyond the resources of a traditional Online public access catalog (OPAC). Developed by Villanova University, version 1.0 was released in July 2010 after two years in beta.

VuFind operates with a simple interface and offers flexible keyword searching. While most commonly used for searching catalog records, VuFind can be extended to search other library resources including: locally cached journals, digital library items, and institutional repository and bibliography. The software is also modular and highly configurable, allowing implementers to choose system components to best fit their needs.

The project wiki lists around two hundred institutions running live or beta instances of VuFind including the National Library of Finland, the National Library of Ireland, and the Iowa City Public Library, as well as a dozen of instances run by finc in Germany.
Caro Benigno Massalongo
Caro Benigno Massalongo (25 March 1852, Verona, Austrian Empire – 18 March 1928, Verona) was an Italian botanist who specialized in the field of liverworts. He was the son of paleontologist Abramo Bartolommeo Massalongo (1824-1860).

He studied botany at the University of Padua, receiving his PhD in 1873. In 1878 he was named professor of botany at the University of Ferrara. He was the author of 264 botanical publications. C. Massalongo issued the exsiccata Hepaticae Italiae Venetae exsiccatae. He was among the first to conduct systematic and scientific studies of plant galls.

University of Ferrara
The University of Ferrara (Italian: Università degli Studi di Ferrara) is the main university of the city of Ferrara in the Emilia-Romagna region of northern Italy. In the years prior to the First World War the University of Ferrara, with more than 500 students, was the best attended of the free universities in Italy. Today there are approximately 16,000 students enrolled at the University of Ferrara with nearly 400 degrees granted each year. The teaching staff number 600, including 288 researchers. It is organized into 12 Departments.
Henry Finch (cricketer)
Henry Randolph Finch JP (18 October 1842 – 6 December 1935) was an English first-class cricketer and barrister.

The son of Henry Finch, he was born in October 1842 at Paddington. He was educated at Harrow School, before matriculating at Balliol College, Oxford in 1861, where he graduated B.A. in 1866. He played first-class cricket for Southgate against Oxford University in 1864 at Oxford, before playing a first-class match for the Marylebone Cricket Club against Hampshire at Southampton in 1866. A student of the Inner Temple, he was called to the bar in April 1868 and practised on the Midland Circuit. Finch also served as a land agent and a justice of the peace for Rutland. He died in Rutland at Oakham in December 1935.

Paddington
Paddington is an area in the City of Westminster, in central London, England. A medieval parish then a metropolitan borough of the County of London, it was integrated with Westminster and Greater London in 1965. Paddington station, designed by the engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel opened in 1847. It is also the site of St Mary's Hospital and the former Paddington Green Police Station.

Paddington Waterside aims to regenerate former railway and canal land.  Districts within Paddington are Maida Vale, Westbourne and Bayswater including Lancaster Gate.
Court Church
The Hofkirche (Court Church) is a Gothic church located in the Altstadt (Old Town) section of Innsbruck, Austria. The church was built in 1553 by Emperor Ferdinand I (1503–1564) as a memorial to his grandfather Emperor Maximilian I (1459–1519), whose cenotaph within boasts a remarkable collection of German Renaissance sculpture. The church also contains the tomb of Andreas Hofer, Tyrol's national hero.

Although Maximilian's will had directed that he be buried in the castle chapel in Wiener Neustadt, it proved impractical to construct there the large memorial whose plans he had supervised in detail, and Ferdinand I as executor planned construction of a new church and monastery in Innsbruck for a suitable memorial. In the end, however, Maximilian's simple tomb remained in Wiener Neustadt and the Hofkirche serves as a cenotaph.

Cenotaph
A cenotaph is an empty grave, tomb or a monument erected in honor of a person or group of people whose remains are elsewhere or have been lost. It can also be the initial tomb for a person who has since been reinterred elsewhere. Although the majority of cenotaphs honor individuals, many noted cenotaphs are also dedicated to the memories of groups of individuals, such as the lost soldiers of a country or of an empire.
Tina Rahimi
Tina Rahimi (Persian: تینا رحیمی, born 13 March 1996) is an Australian boxer of Iranian origin. She participated in the 2022 Commonwealth Games and won Bronze Medal in the Women's Featherweight Division. She is one of the first Australian Muslim women boxers, and the first to compete in the Olympics, at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris, France. She lives in Bankstown.

Bankstown
Bankstown is a suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. It is located 19 kilometres south-west of the Sydney central business district and is part of the Canterbury-Bankstown region. Bankstown is the administrative centre and most populous suburb of the City of Canterbury-Bankstown, having previously been the administrative centre of the City of Bankstown prior to 2016.
Moco Museum
The Moco Museum (Modern Contemporary Museum) is an independent art museum with locations in Amsterdam, Barcelona, and London, dedicated to exhibiting modern and contemporary art. The museum was founded with the mission of attracting broader and younger audiences, and making art accessible to the public.

Moco Museum in Amsterdam opened in 2016 on Museumplein, in the historic Villa Alsberg, a townhouse designed in 1904 by Eduard Cuypers the nephew of Pierre Cuypers, designer of Amsterdam Central Station and the Rijksmuseum. The townhouse was one of the first privately owned residencies on Museumplein and remained so until 1939.

Jeff Koons
Jeffrey Lynn Koons  (/kuːnz/; born January 21, 1955) is an American artist recognized for his work dealing with popular culture and his sculptures depicting everyday objects, including balloon animals produced in stainless steel with mirror-finish surfaces. He lives and works in both New York City and his hometown of York, Pennsylvania. His works have sold for substantial sums, including at least two record auction prices for a work by a living artist: US$58.4 million for Balloon Dog (Orange) in 2013 and US$91.1 million for Rabbit in 2019.

Critics come sharply divided in their views of Koons. Some view his work as pioneering and of major art-historical importance. Others dismiss his work as kitsch, crass, and based on cynical self-merchandising. Koons has stated that there are no hidden meanings or critiques in his works.
Erratus
Erratus is an extinct genus of marine arthropod from the Cambrian of China. Its type and only species is Erratus sperare. Erratus is likely one of the most basal known arthropods, and its discovery has helped scientists understand the early evolution of arthropod trunk appendages. Some of the stem-arthropods like radiodonts did not have legs, instead they had flap like appendages that helped them swim. Erratus on the other hand had not only flaps but also a set of primitive legs. It also supported the theory that the gills of aquatic arthropods probably evolved into the wings and lungs of terrestrial arthropods later in the Paleozoic.

Fossils of Erratus have been found in the Chengjiang Lagerstätte of China, dating to around 520 million years ago. Erratus was a small, nektonic organism with a bivalved carapace that probably ate by deposit feeding or filter feeding.

Leg
A leg is a weight-bearing and locomotive anatomical structure, usually having a columnar shape. During locomotion, legs function as "extensible struts".  The combination of movements at all joints can be modeled as a single, linear element capable of changing length and rotating about an omnidirectional "hip" joint.

As an anatomical animal structure, it is used for locomotion. The distal end is often modified to distribute force (such as a foot). Most animals have an even number of legs.

As a component of furniture, it is used for the economy of materials needed to provide the support for the useful surface, such as the table top or chair seat.
Leonard DiMaria
Leonard "Lenny" DiMaria (born October 10, 1941), also known as "Prateek" and "the Conductor", is an American mobster and member of the Gambino crime family of New York. He is considered by law enforcement to be a close associate of Nicholas Corozzo and has served as his right-hand-man for almost 30 years.

Gangster
A gangster (informally gangsta) is a criminal who is a member of a gang. Most gangs are considered to be part of organized crime. Gangsters are also called mobsters, a term derived from mob and the suffix -ster. Gangs provide a level of organization and resources that support much larger and more complex criminal transactions than an individual criminal could achieve. Gangsters have been active for many years in countries around the world. Gangsters are the subject of many novels, films, television series, and video games.
De Drie Hendricken
De Drie Hendricken ("The Three Henries") are a trio of 17th-century townhouses on Bloemgracht canal in the Jordaan district of Amsterdam. The three stepped gable houses from 1642 in Amsterdam Renaissance style are characterized by their nearly identical facades and gable stones named De Steeman (the townsman), De Landman (the farmer) and De Seeman (the sailor).

The three buildings form an example of the Amsterdam zaalhuis with recessed hearth and parlor, and are regarded as a didactically valuable ensemble for the study of 17th-century urban architecture. The buildings were designated as separate rijksmonumenten (national heritage monuments) in 1970 under numbers 531 (Bloemgracht 87), 532 (89) and 533 (91).

Gable stone
Gable stones (Dutch: gevelstenen) are carved and often colourfully painted stone tablets, which are set into the walls of buildings, usually at about 4 metres from the ground. They serve both to identify and embellish the building. They are also called "stone tablets" by the Rijksmuseum, which sometimes appends "from a facade". A "wall stone" is another suggested translation from the Dutch term.

The content of gable stones may explain something about the house's owner and are a feature of the urban fabric of Amsterdam. Some 2,500 of these stones can still be found in the Netherlands, of which around 850 are in Amsterdam and 250 in Maastricht, while others are also found in cities such as Brussels, Liège, Lille, Oslo, Bergen, Munich, Copenhagen, Bucharest, Zürich, Stockholm and Warsaw.
Coleophora prunifoliae
Coleophora prunifoliae is a moth of the family Coleophoridae. It is found from Scandinavia to the Pyrenees, Italy and Romania and from Great Britain to southern Russia.

The wingspan is 10–12 mm.

The larvae feed on Betula, Cotoneaster franchetii, Crataegus, Cydonia oblonga, Malus domestica, Prunus armeniaca, Prunus avium, Prunus cerasus, Prunus domestica insititia, Prunus mahaleb, Prunus serrulata, Prunus spinosa, Pyracantha coccinea, Sorbus aria and Sorbus aucuparia. Full-grown larvae can be found at the end of May.

Prunus armeniaca
Prunus armeniaca is the most commonly cultivated apricot species. The native range is somewhat uncertain due to its extensive prehistoric cultivation. Genetic studies indicate Central Asia is the center of origin. It is extensively cultivated in many countries and has escaped into the wild in many places. The specific epithet armeniaca refers to the country of Armenia in Western Asia.
Branica-Kolonia
Branica-Kolonia [braˈnit͡sa kɔˈlɔɲa] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Zapolice, within Zduńska Wola County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) south-east of Zapolice, 10 km (6 mi) south of Zduńska Wola, and 48 km (30 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Zduńska Wola
Zduńska Wola [ˈzduɲska ˈvɔla] ⓘ is a city in central Poland with 40,730 inhabitants (2021). It is the seat of Zduńska Wola County in the Łódź Voivodeship. The city was once one of the largest cloth, linen and cotton weaving centres in Poland and is the birthplace of Saint Maximilian Kolbe as well as Maksymilian Faktorowicz, the founder of Max Factor cosmetics company.
Acura CSX
The Acura CSX is Acura's subcompact executive car exclusively designed for the Canadian market and sold from 2006–2011 model years. Like the Acura EL, it was only available in Canada and built in Alliston, Ontario, Canada. For the 2013 model year, the ILX was introduced as the CSX's replacement and is available in both the United States and Canada.

Model year
The model year (sometimes abbreviated as MY) is a method of describing the version of a product which has been produced over multiple years. The model year may or may not be the same as the calendar year in which the product was manufactured.
Marblemount, Washington
Marblemount is a census-designated place in Skagit County, Washington, United States. The population was 286 at the 2020 census. It is included in the Mount Vernon–Anacortes, Washington Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Mount Vernon, Washington
Mount Vernon is the county seat of and the most populous city in Skagit County, Washington, United States. A central location in the Skagit River Valley, the city is located 51 miles (82 km) south of the Canadian border and 60 miles (97 km) north of Seattle. The population was 35,219 at the 2020 census, making it the 35th most-populous city in Washington, with 62,966 people living in its urban area. It is one of two principal cities of and included in the Mount Vernon-Anacortes Metropolitan Statistical Area, covering most of Skagit County.

Mount Vernon and its surrounding areas are known for its annual Skagit Valley Tulip Festival, which has Mount Vernon host a street fair in downtown once a year, with millions of tulips grown in the Skagit Valley every year. Between the 2000 and 2020 census, Mount Vernon grew by 34.3%, and is a prominent location in Northwestern Washington, connected to neighboring communities via I-5 and Amtrak (with Skagit Station).
Mexico women's national under-17 basketball team
The Mexico women's national under-15, under-16 and under-17 basketball team is a national basketball team of Mexico, administered by the Asociación Deportiva Mexicana de Básquetbol. It represents the country in international under-15, under-16 and under-17 women's basketball competitions.

In 2024, Mexico hosted the FIBA Under-17 Women's Basketball World Cup. It was the first time that Mexico has hosted a FIBA global event, which earned Mexico an automatic qualification as host, finished 15th.

Asociación Deportiva Mexicana de Básquetbol
The Asociación Deportiva Mexicana de Básquetbol (ADEMEBA) is the governing body of basketball in Mexico. It was established in 2008.

ADEMEBA is recognized by FIBA and has taken the place of the FMB as the national basketball organization for Mexico.

The organization is currently directed by Modesto Robledo.
Swimming at the 1967 Pan American Games – Men's 200 metre butterfly
The men's 200 metre butterfly competition of the swimming events at the 1967 Pan American Games took place on 26 July at the Pan Am Pool. The last Pan American Games champion was Carl Robie of US.

This race consisted of four lengths of the pool, all lengths being in butterfly stroke.

Butterfly stroke
Butterfly (shortened to fly) is a swimming stroke swum on the front, with both arms moving symmetrically, accompanied by the butterfly kick (also known as the "dolphin kick") along with the movement of the hips and chest.

It is the newest swimming style swum in competition, first swum in the early 1950s and originating from breaststroke.

For most competitive swimmers, butterfly is the second fastest stroke, only slower than front crawl.
Twyne's Case
Twyne's case (1601) 76 ER 809; 3 Co. Rep. 80b is a UK insolvency law case, concerning a fraudulent conveyance. Representative of earlier English law, it was considered that any transfer of property from a debtor to a creditor, after which the debtor remained in possession of that property, was a fraudulent act intended to defraud creditors. At the time, the law only recognised the mortgage and the pledge. A charge on property in possession of another was not allowed.

Pledge (law)
A pledge is a bailment that conveys title to property owned by a debtor (the pledgor) to a creditor (the pledgee) to secure repayment for some debt or obligation and to the mutual benefit of both parties. The term is also used to denote the property which constitutes the security. The pledge is a type of security interest. Pledge is the pignus of Roman law, from which most of the modern European-based law on the subject is derived, but is generally a feature of even the most basic legal systems. A pledge of personal property is known as a pawn.
Cardiac ventriculography
Cardiac ventriculography is a medical imaging test used to determine a person's heart function in the right, or left ventricle.  Cardiac ventriculography involves injecting contrast media into the heart's ventricle(s) to measure the volume of blood pumped.  Cardiac ventriculography can be performed with a radionuclide in radionuclide ventriculography or with an iodine-based contrast in cardiac chamber catheterization.

The 3 major measurements obtained by cardiac ventriculography are:

Ejection Fraction

Stroke Volume

Cardiac Output

These three measurements share a commonality of ratios between end systolic volume and end diastolic volume and all lend mathematical structure to the common medical term systole.

Cardiac catheterization
Cardiac catheterization (heart cath) is the insertion of a catheter into a chamber or vessel of the heart. This is done both for diagnostic and interventional purposes.

A common example of cardiac catheterization is coronary catheterization that involves catheterization of the coronary arteries for coronary artery disease and myocardial infarctions ("heart attacks"). Catheterization is most often performed in special laboratories with fluoroscopy and highly maneuverable tables. These "cath labs" are often equipped with cabinets of catheters, stents, balloons, etc. of various sizes to increase efficiency. Monitors show the fluoroscopy imaging, electrocardiogram (ECG), pressure waves, and more.
Vigilant-class gunvessel
The Vigilant-class gunvessel of the Royal Navy was an enlarged version of the Arrow-class gunvessel of 1854. Both classes were designed for shallow-water operations in the Baltic and Black Seas during the Crimean War. Fourteen of the class were completed, but were ready too late to take part in that conflict.  Cormorant was sunk in action at the Taku Forts, Osprey was wrecked on the coast of Africa in 1867 and the rest were all sold during the 1860s, with Sparrowhawk lasting until 1872.

Taku Forts
The Taku Forts or Dagukou Forts (大沽口炮台), also called the Peiho Forts are forts located by the Hai River (Peiho River) estuary in the Binhai New Area, Tianjin, in northeastern China. They are located 60 km (37 mi) southeast of the Tianjin urban center.

In 1988 the Dagukou Forts were added to the 3rd Batch of National Priority Protected Sites, and was open to the public in 1997.
Phantoms of Happiness
Phantoms of Happiness (German: Phantome des Glücks) is a 1930 German drama film directed by Reinhold Schünzel and starring Michael Chekhov, Karina Bell and Gaston Modot. It was originally made as a silent, then re-released in 1930 with an added soundtrack. The film's art direction was by Heinz Fenchel and Jacek Rotmil. It was shot at the Marienfelde Studios in Berlin and premiered at the city's Marmorhaus.

Jacek Rotmil
Jacek Rotmil (1888–1944) was a Russian-born art director and production designer who worked on 100 films during his career Following the First World War, Rotmil entered the booming German film industry and worked prolifically until 1933. Following the Nazi rise to power, Rotmil went into exile in Poland where he was employed frequently on Polish and Yiddish productions. He had first become involved in the Polish film industry in 1930 when working on the sound version of the Polish film Exile to Siberia in Berlin.

After the Germans took over Poland in 1939, Rotmil went into hiding. He was later arrested and executed in Pawiak prison shortly before the Warsaw Uprising. He was one of many Polish film personnel to die during the Second World War.
2011–12 Azerbaijan Premier League
The 2011–12 Azerbaijan Premier League (known as the Unibank Premyer Liqası for sponsorship reasons) was the twentieth season of the Premier League since its establishment in 1992. Neftchi Baku was the defending champions, having won their second Azerbaijani championship the previous season.

The twelve teams participating in the league included the ten sides remaining from the 2010–11 season, one promoted club from the 2010–11 Azerbaijan First Division and a totally new club instead of the defunct First Division champions FC Absheron. The format of the league was the same as in the 2010–11 season.

There is only one change in season's regulation as only champion of 2011–12 Azerbaijan First Division was directly promoted, while runners up of first division played play-off game with the team that finished 11th in Azerbaijan Premier League.

Şamaxı FK
Şamaxı Futbol Klubu (pronounced [ʃɑmɑˈxɯ], lit. 'Shamakhi Football Club') is an Azerbaijani professional football club based in Shamakhi, which competes in the Azerbaijan Premier League. The club has won the Premier League title twice. Previously the club was known as Xəzər Universiteti FK (1999–2004), İnter Bakı PİK (2004–2017) and Keşlə FK (2017–2022).
Academic Staff Union of Universities
The Academic Staff Union of Universities (ASUU) is a Nigerian union of university academic staff, founded in 1978. ASUU is an offshoot of the Nigerian Association of University Teachers (NAUT) which was established in 1965. At that time, NAUT consisted of only five universities in total including University of Ibadan, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, University of Ife and University of Lagos.

University of Lagos
The University of Lagos (UNILAG) is a public research university located in Lagos, Nigeria, which was founded in 1962. UNILAG is one of the first generation universities in Nigeria and is ranked among the top universities in Africa in major education publications. The university presently has three campuses in the mainland of Lagos. Whereas two of its campuses are located at Yaba (the main campus in Akoka and the recently created campus at the former school of radiography), its college of medicine is located at Idi-Araba, Surulere. Its main campus is largely surrounded by the Lagos Lagoon and has 802 acres of land. As of 2024, the University of Lagos admits around 8,500 undergraduate students annually and enrolls over 57,000 students.