hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Medobory Nature Reserve
The Medobory Nature Reserve (Ukrainian: Природний заповідник «Медобори») is a protected nature reserve of Ukraine located in the Podolian Upland in the western part of the country.  It protects a representative portion of the "Tovtry" region, known for rocky limestone ridges. The reserve is in Chortkiv and Ternopil Raions of Ternopil Oblast.

Ternopil Raion
Ternopil Raion (Ukrainian: Тернопільський район) is a raion in Ternopil Oblast, western Ukraine. Its administrative center is Ternopil. It has a population of 559,357 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Ternopil Oblast was reduced to three, and the area of Ternopil Raion was significantly expanded. Six abolished raions, Berezhany, Kozova, Pidhaitsi, Pidvolochysk, Terebovlia, and Zboriv Raions, a part of one more abolished raion, Zbarazh Raion, as well as Berezhany Municipality and the city of Ternopil, which was previously incorporated as a city of oblast significance and did not belong to the raion, were merged into Ternopil Raion. The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 67,199 (2020 est.).
Ivan Opačak
Ivan Opačak (born 23 April 1980) is a Bosnian professional basketball coach and former player.

Opačak played for HKK Široki of the Adriatic League and Bosnian League. He previously played for Turów Zgorzelec.

Opačak was member of the Bosnia and Herzegovina national basketball team at EuroBasket in 1999 and 2001.

Turów Zgorzelec
Turów Zgorzelec (officially PGE GiEK Turów Zgorzelec for sponsorship reasons) is a Polish a basketball team based in Zgorzelec.

The club played in the Polish League (PLK) and won the Polish championship once, in the 2013–14 season. The club was sponsored by the PGE Group, and they are also the club's name sponsor as well but in 2018, the club withdrew after the PGE Group pulled back their sponsoring. The club continues to play in the lower leagues.

The club's home court for domestic Polish League games is the Turów Arena.
Nader Joukhadar
Nader Abdulkarim Joukhadar (Arabic: نَادِر جُوخَدَار; 19 October 1977 – 6 February 2023) was a Syrian football coach and player. He played as a forward for Syria in the 1996 Asian Cup.

Joukhadar died in Jableh, alongside his son, during the 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquake. He was 45.

Jableh
Jableh (Arabic: جَبْلَةٌ; Ǧabla, also spelt Jebleh, Jabala, Jablah, Gabala or Gibellum) is a Mediterranean coastal city in Syria, 25 km (16 mi) north of Baniyas and 25 km (16 mi) south of Latakia, with c. 80,000 inhabitants (2004 census). As Ancient Gabala, it was a Byzantine archbishopric and remains a Latin Catholic titular see. It contains the tomb and mosque of Ibrahim Bin Adham, a legendary Sufi mystic who renounced his throne of Balkh and devoted himself to prayers for the rest of his life.
Falkuša
A falkusa (Croatian: falkuša; Croatian pronunciation: [ˈfalkuʃa]) is a traditional fishing boat used by fishermen from the town of Komiža on the Adriatic island of Vis, Croatia. Falkuša is a subtype of gajeta, a traditional Dalmatian fishing sailboat, and is sometimes called gajeta falkuša (Croatian pronunciation: [ˈɡajeta ˈfalkuʃa]). Its design was adapted to the specific needs of Komiža fishermen, who went to long fishing expeditions in the open seas, a unique practice in the Adriatic and Mediterranean.

Palagruža
Palagruža (pronounced [palǎɡruːʒa]; Italian: Pelagosa) is a small Croatian archipelago in the middle of the Adriatic Sea. It is uninhabited, except by lighthouse staff and occasional summer tourists. Palagruža can be reached only by a chartered motorboat, requiring a journey of several hours from nearby islands like Lastovo, Korčula, or Vis. It is administratively part of the municipality of Komiža.
2017 Big Ten women's soccer tournament
The 2017 Big Ten Conference women's soccer tournament was the postseason women's soccer tournament for the Big Ten Conference for the 2017 season. It was held from October 29 through November 5, 2017. The seven-match tournament began with first-round matches held at campus sites, before moving to Grand Park in Westfield, Indiana for the semifinals and final. The eight-team single-elimination tournament consisted of three rounds based on seeding from regular-season conference play. Minnesota were the defending champions, but they were eliminated from the 2017 tournament with a 2–0 quarterfinal loss to Wisconsin. The Penn State Nittany Lions won the title with a 2–1 win over the Northwestern Wildcats in the final. The conference tournament title was the seventh for the Penn State women's soccer program and the third for head coach Erica Dambach.

Minnesota Golden Gophers women's soccer
The Minnesota Golden Gophers women's soccer team represent the University of Minnesota in the Big Ten Conference of NCAA Division I soccer. The current head coach is Erin Chastain who is in her first year as the Gopher head coach. As of 2023, the team is sponsored by an attorney and an internet personality, Darryl Isaacs.
Henry Cadwallader Adams
Reverend Henry Cadwallader Adams (4 November 1817 – 17 October 1899) was a 19th-century English cleric, schoolmaster and writer of children's novels.

He was the grandson of Simon Adams of Ansty Hall, Warwickshire. He was educated at Westminster School, Winchester College, Balliol College (1835) and Magdalen College, Oxford (1836), becoming a fellow of Magdalen in 1843.  After some time as a Commoner Tutor at Winchester, in 1855 he became chaplain of Bromley College, an almshouse for the widows of clergy.

Schoolmaster
A schoolmaster, or simply master, is a male school teacher. The usage first occurred in England in the Late Middle Ages and early modern period. At that time, most schools were one-room or two-room schools and had only one or two such teachers, a second or third being often called an assistant schoolmaster. The use of the traditional term survives in British private schools, both secondary and preparatory, and in grammar schools, as well as in some Commonwealth boarding schools (such as the Doon School in India) which are modelled on British grammar and public schools.
Matthew Bennett (cricketer)
Matthew Robert Martin Bennett (born 2 September 1982) is an English cricketer.  Bennett is a right-handed batsman who plays primarily as a wicketkeeper.  He was born in Epsom, Surrey.

Bennett represented England at under 18 level and played for Kent and Essex at second XI level. He also represented the Kent Cricket Board in 2 List A matches.  The first of these came against the Leicestershire Cricket Board in the 2nd round of the 2003 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy which was held in 2002.  His second and final List A match for the Board came against Derbyshire in the 3rd round of the same competition which was played in 2003. In his 2 List A matches, he scored 41 runs at a batting average of 41.00, with a high score of 31.  Behind the stumps he made 2 stumpings.

He currently plays club cricket for Reigate Priory Cricket Club in the Surrey Championship.

Stumped
Stumped is a method of dismissing a batter in cricket, in which the wicket-keeper puts down the wicket of the striker while the striker is out of their ground. It is governed by Law 39 of the Laws of Cricket.

Being "out of their ground" means no part of the batter's body, equipment or bat is touching the ground behind the crease.

Stumped is a special case of run out, but a stumping can only be affected by the wicket-keeper without the intervention of another fielder, when the striker is not attempting a run, and the ball must not be a no-ball. If the criteria for both stumped and run out are met, then the dismissal will be recorded as a stumping and credited to the bowler and wicket-keeper.

As always in cricket, one of the fielding team must appeal for the wicket by asking the umpires. It is the striker's end umpire who adjudicates all stumpings, and all run-out appeals at the striker's end.
Bishop–Cannings theorem
The Bishop–Cannings theorem is a theorem in evolutionary game theory.  It states that  (i) all members of a mixed evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS) have the same payoff (Theorem 2), and (ii) that none of these can also be a pure ESS (from their Theorem 3). The usefulness of the results comes from the fact that they can be used to directly find ESSs algebraically, rather than simulating the game and solving it by iteration.

The theorem was formulated by Tim Bishop and Chris Cannings at Sheffield University, who published it in 1978.

A review is given by John Maynard Smith in his book Evolution and the Theory of Games, with proof in the appendix.

Iteration
Iteration means repeating a process to generate a (possibly unbounded) sequence of outcomes. Each repetition of the process is a single iteration, and the outcome of each iteration is the starting point of the next iteration.

In mathematics and computer science, iteration (along with the related technique of recursion) is a standard element of algorithms.
Recognition of same-sex unions in Slovakia
Slovakia does not recognise same-sex marriage or civil unions. However, there is some limited legal recognition for cohabiting same-sex couples, notably with regard to inheritance rights. The Constitution of Slovakia has limited marriage to opposite-sex couples since 2014, and bills to allow same-sex civil partnerships have been introduced several times, most recently in 2023, but all have been rejected by the National Council of Slovakia.

In June 2018, the European Court of Justice ruled that the same-sex spouses of European Union citizens should be granted a right of residency in Slovakia. Slovak authorities announced compliance with the ruling. The court expanded on this ruling on 22 November 2025 when it ruled in Cupriak-Trojan and Trojan v Wojewoda Mazowiecki, a Polish case, that all member states of the European Union must recognise same-sex marriages validly performed within the European Union.

Andrej Kiska
Andrej Kiska (Slovak pronunciation: [ˈandrej ˈkiska]; born 2 February 1963) is a Slovak politician, entrepreneur, writer  and philanthropist who served as the fourth president of Slovakia from 2014 to 2019. He ran as an independent candidate in the 2014 presidential election in which he was elected to the presidency in the second round of voting over Prime Minister Robert Fico. Kiska declined to run for a second term in 2019. He has written two books about happiness, success, and his life.
Bharat Prasad Sah
Bharat Prasad Sah (Nepali: भरत प्रसाद साह) is a Nepalese politician. He is a member of Provincial Assembly of Madhesh Province from CPN (Maoist Centre). Sah, a resident of Gaushala, Mahottari, was elected via 2017 Nepalese provincial elections from Mahottari 1(B).

Madhesh Provincial Assembly
The Madhesh Provincial Assembly (Nepali/Maithili/Bhojpuri: मधेश प्रदेश सभा) is a unicameral governing and law making body of Madhesh Province, one of the seven Provinces in Nepal, The assembly is seated in the provincial capital at Janakpur in Dhanusha District. The assembly has 107 members, 64 of whom are elected through single-member constituencies and 43 of whom are elected through the party list proportional representation system. They are elected for five-year terms unless the assembly is dissolved earlier.
Doris Meltzer
Doris Meltzer (1908–1977) was an American artist and art dealer.

She was born in 1908 in Ulster County, New York. Meltzer attended the Art Students League of New York.

Her older sister, Rachel Meltzer (1904-1994) was married to the American poet Kenneth Fearing (1902-1961).

Meltzer was a member of the American Federation of Arts and, for a time, served as the director of the National Serigraph Society. She was also an art dealer and gallery owner.

Her work was included in the 1940 MoMA show American Color Prints Under $10 The show was organized as a vehicle for bringing affordable fine art prints to the general public. She was also included in the 1947 and the 1951 Dallas Museum of Fine Arts exhibitions of the National Serigraph Society.

Meltzer work is in the collection of the National Gallery of Art and the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts.

She died on October 18, 1977, in New York City. Her papers are in the Archives of American Art at the Smithsonian Institution.

American Federation of Arts
The American Federation of Arts (AFA) is a nonprofit organization that creates art exhibitions for presentation in museums around the world, publishes exhibition catalogues, and develops education programs. The organization's founding in 1909 was endorsed by Theodore Roosevelt and spearheaded by Secretary of State Elihu Root and eminent art patrons and artists of the day. The AFA's mission is to enrich the public's experience and understanding of the visual arts, and this is accomplished through its exhibitions, catalogues, and public programs. To date, the AFA has organized or circulated approximately 3,000 exhibitions that have been viewed by more than 10 million people in museums in every state, as well as in Canada, Latin America, Europe, Asia, and Africa.
Onychostoma gerlachi
Onychostoma gerlachi is a species of cyprinid in the genus Onychostoma. It inhabits inland wetlands in China, Laos, Thailand and Vietnam and is used for food locally. Its maximum length is 31.6 centimetres (12.4 in) and maximum weight 1.0 kilogram (2.2 lb). It is considered "near threatened" by the IUCN.

Cyprinidae
Cyprinidae is a family of cyprinoid freshwater fishes commonly referred to as the carp family, which includes the carps, barbs, and barbels, among others. These cyprinids also share sister taxa with the danionins and minnows under the suborder Cyprinoidei. Cyprinidae is the largest and most diverse fish family, and the largest family of vertebrates overall, with roughly 1,780 species split into 166 valid genera.

Cyprinids range from the 12 mm (0.5 in)-long glassfishes, to the 3 m (9.8 ft) giant barb (Catlocarpio siamensis). The family name is derived from the Greek word kyprînos (κυπρῖνος 'carp').
Pavel Filchenkov
Pavel Filchenkov (born July 9, 1986, Nizhny Novgorod) is a Russian ice dancer.

With partner Alexandra Volchek, Filchenkov competed in Russia, and represented Russia internationally on the junior-level from 2002 to 2004.  They competed at the Russian Cup, a series of Russian domestic competitions, for several years, including 2005 and 2006.

The best international placement for Volchek and Filchenkov was a first-place finish at the 2003 Helena Pajovic Cup & Belgrade Trophy in Belgrade, Serbia. They also represented Russia at the 2003 Baltic Cup in Poland.

In July 2008, Filchenkov teamed up with Virginia Hoptman to compete for Azerbaijan. They are coached by Natalya Linichuk and Gennadiy Karponosov at Iceworks Skating Complex in Aston, Pennsylvania.

In 2012, he competed for the United States with his new partner, Ginna Hoptman. They placed 11th at the U.S. Championships.

Gennadi Karponosov
Gennadi Mikhailovich Karponosov (Russian: Геннадий Михайлович Карпоносовⓘ; born 21 November 1950) is an ice dancing coach and a former competitive ice dancer for the Soviet Union. With Natalia Linichuk, he is the 1980 Olympic champion and a two-time World champion.
Joe (2013 film)
Joe is a 2013 American independent Southern Gothic crime drama film directed and co-produced by David Gordon Green, co-produced by Lisa Muskat, Derrick Tseng and Christopher Woodrow and written by Gary Hawkins, based on Larry Brown's 1991 novel of the same name. It stars Nicolas Cage and Tye Sheridan, revolving around a tormented man who hires a 15-year-old boy and protects him from his abusive father.

The film premiered at the 70th Venice International Film Festival on August 30, 2013, with a subsequent screening at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival. The film was then distributed in limited theatrical release by Lionsgate Films on April 11, 2014. It received positive reviews from critics.

Gary Hawkins
Gary Hawkins is an independent filmmaker born and raised in Thomasville, North Carolina. Hawkins has written and directed six films, including The Rough South of Harry Crews, which won an Emmy and the Corporation for Public Broadcasting’s Gold Award in 1992, and The Rough South of Larry Brown, which was picked by The Oxford American as one of Thirteen Essential Southern Documentaries and was reviewed by Variety as a “beautifully conceived documentary film.” Hawkins’s fiction screenplay DownTime was selected by The Sundance Institute for the Writer’s Lab in the winter of 2000.

Hawkins is a former a member of the directing faculty at the North Carolina School of the Arts. As of 2012 he was a visiting professor at Duke University in North Carolina, teaching documentary film.
South Iredell High School
South Iredell High School is a public school located near Troutman, North Carolina and is part of the Iredell-Statesville school system. South Iredell High is designated an Expected Growth School of Distinction by the North Carolina ABCs Accountability program. It educates students from surrounding areas including Troutman and south Statesville, North Carolina. The school was constructed in 1966 to replace Troutman High School. The school's enrollment was about 800 students in the 2005–2006 school year. Attendance was double that figure before 2002, when Lake Norman High School was created to alleviate South Iredell's overcrowding.
In 2018 the school's enrollment had grown to just under 1600 students.  The school has options for both traditional schooling and an IB (International Baccalaureate) Program. The school's mascot is the Viking and the school colors are navy blue and gold.

Troutman, North Carolina
Troutman is a town in Iredell County, North Carolina, United States. The town is located roughly 35 miles (56 km) north of Charlotte. As of the 2020 census the town's population was 3,698.  Due to substantial residential growth in the area, as well as neighborhood annexation, the town is experiencing dramatic population growth.  Approved residential developments, when completed, are forecast to increase town population to more than 11,000 residents.
Pseudometric space
In mathematics, a pseudometric space is a generalization of a metric space in which the distance between two distinct points can be zero. Pseudometric spaces were introduced by Đuro Kurepa in 1934. In the same way as every normed space is a metric space, every seminormed space is a pseudometric space. Because of this analogy, the term semimetric space (which has a different meaning in topology) is sometimes used as a synonym, especially in functional analysis.

When a topology is generated using a family of pseudometrics, the space is called a gauge space.

PlanetMath
PlanetMath is a free, collaborative, mathematics online encyclopedia. Intended to be comprehensive, the project is currently hosted by the University of Waterloo. The site is owned by a US-based nonprofit corporation, "PlanetMath.org, Ltd".

PlanetMath was started when the popular free online mathematics encyclopedia MathWorld was temporarily taken offline for 12 months by a court injunction as a result of the CRC Press lawsuit against the Wolfram Research company and its employee (and MathWorld's author) Eric Weisstein.
Haleciidae
Haleciidae is a family of hydrozoans. Their hydroid colonies emerge from a creeping hydrorhiza and usually form upright branching colonies, although some species' colonies are stolonal. Their gonophores are typically sporosacs, growing singly or bunched into a glomulus. They remain attached to the hydroids or break off to be passively drifted away; in a few, the gonophores are naked.

Some enigmatic actively swimming medusae have been tentatively placed in this family as a kind of "wastebin taxon". Should their associated hydroids turn out to belong elsewhere, they are to be moved to that family and genus. The relationships of this fairly small but distinctive radiation to other families of Leptothecata are not well understood at present. However, the family Lovenellidae, often turn out to contain the hydroid stage of medusae formerly placed in the family Haleciidae.

Stolon
In biology, a stolon (/ˈstoʊlɒn/ ⓘ from Latin stolō, genitive stolōnis – "branch"), also known as a runner, is a horizontal connection between parts of an organism. It may be part of the organism, or of its skeleton. Typically, animal stolons are exoskeletons (external skeletons).
Benna alternifolia
Benna alternifolia is a species of flowering plant in family Melastomataceae. It is a perennial evergreen herb up to 1.2 meters in diameter, endemic to Guinea's Benna Plateau from 300 to 800 meters elevation.

It grows on vertical sandstone rock faces in deep shade with year-round moisture, in canyons 10–100 m deep or in the deep shade of trees.

Melastomataceae
Melastomataceae (/mɛləstoʊmɑːˈteɪsiˌaɪ, -siːˌiː/) is a family of dicotyledonous flowering plants found mostly in the tropics (two-thirds of the genera are from the New World tropics) comprising c. 175 genera and c. 5115 known species. Melastomes are annual or perennial herbs, shrubs, or small trees.
Von den Elben
Von den Elben is the seventh studio album by the German medieval folk band Faun. It was released on 25 January 2013. Among new original content it contains a number of cover versions of old Faun tracks and songs by other artists. After signing a contract with the Universal label and the Valicon production team, Faun for the first time released an album with lyrics completely in German language. It is the first album to feature members Stephan Groth and Katja Moslehner. The album features duets with two other German bands: Santiano and Subway to Sally. Michael Boden from Subway to Sally also contributed the lyrics for tracks like "Warte auf mich" [Wait for Me].

The title track "Von den Elben" [Of the Elves] is a rework of a former Faun release from the album Licht. The previous medieval lyrics by Heinrich von Morungen were replaced by different lyrics in modern German written by Faun mastermind Oliver s. Tyr.

Heinrich von Morungen
Heinrich von Morungen (died 1222) was a Minnesinger, whose 35 surviving Middle High German songs are dated on both literary and biographical grounds to around the period 1190–1200. Alongside Walter von der Vogelweide and Reinmar, he is regarded as one of the most important Minnesänger: he was "the most colourful, passionate, tender and musical of the Minnesänger" and his work "marks a new and brilliantly effective stage in the development of the German lyric."
Saint Anthony of Padua Church, Bydgoszcz
Saint Anthony of Padua Church is a catholic church in the Polish city of Bydgoszcz, dedicated to Saint Anthony of Padua.
It is located at 3 Głucha Street, in the western district of Czyżkówko in Bydgoszcz, Poland. It has been registered on the Pomeranian Heritage List.

Black Madonna of Częstochowa
The Black Madonna of Częstochowa (Polish: Czarna Madonna z Częstochowy; Latin: Imago thaumaturga Beatae Virginis Mariae Immaculatae Conceptae, in Claro Monte, lit. 'Miraculous Image of the Immaculate Conception, the Blessed Virgin Mary in the Crystal Mountain'), also known as Our Lady of Częstochowa (Polish: Matka Boska Częstochowska) is a venerated icon of the Blessed Virgin Mary and the Child Jesus enshrined at the Jasna Góra Monastery in Częstochowa, Poland.

Pope Clement XI issued a Pontifical decree of canonical coronation to the image on 8 September 1717 via the Vatican Chapter. It has also merited three Pontifical golden roses.

The icon is venerated by both  Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Christians.
Okauia
Okauia is a rural settlement and community located east of Matamata, in the Waikato region of New Zealand's North Island.

The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives a translation of "place of articles threaded on a stick" for Ōkauia.

There are hot springs on both banks of the Waihou River. Opal is on the west bank and Crystal, or Chrystal, on the east.

Wairere Falls, the highest waterfall in the North Island, is northeast of Okauia.

Ministry for Culture and Heritage
The Ministry for Culture and Heritage (MCH; Māori: Manatū Taonga) is the department of the New Zealand Government responsible for supporting the arts, culture, built heritage, sport and recreation, and broadcasting sectors in New Zealand and advising government on such.