hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Null allomorph
In morpheme-based morphology, the term null allomorph or zero allomorph is sometimes used to refer to some kind of null morpheme for which there are also contexts in which the underlying morpheme is manifested in the surface structure. It is therefore also an allomorph. The phenomenon itself is known as null allomorphy, morphological blocking or total morpheme blocking.

Deep structure and surface structure
Deep structure and surface structure (also D-structure and S-structure although those abbreviated forms are sometimes used with distinct meanings) are concepts used in linguistics, specifically in the study of syntax in the Chomskyan tradition of transformational generative grammar.

The deep structure of a linguistic expression is a theoretical construct that seeks to unify several related structures.  For example, the sentences "Pat loves Chris" and "Chris is loved by Pat" mean roughly the same thing and use similar words.  Some linguists, Chomsky in particular, have tried to account for this similarity by positing that these two sentences are distinct surface forms that derive from a common (or very similar) deep structure.
Archipelago (2021 film)
Archipelago (French: Archipel) is a 2021 Canadian animated documentary film, directed by Félix Dufour-Laperrière. A poetic essay film that blends diverse styles of animation, the film is a psychogeographic meditation on the islands in the St. Lawrence River, forming a metaphor for Quebec's status as an "uncertain country" defined by the tensions between its status as a province of Canada and the Québécois people's conception of themselves as a distinct nation.

The film is narrated principally by Florence Blain Mbaye and Mattis Savard-Verhoeven, with a shorter narration by Joséphine Bacon of one of her own poems in Innu-aimun. The animation team included Malcolm Sutherland, Philip Lockerby, Jens Hahn, and Eva Cvijanović.

The film premiered in February 2021 at the International Film Festival Rotterdam, and had its Canadian premiere at the Hot Docs Canadian International Documentary Festival in April. It was released commercially on October 19.

Joséphine Bacon
Joséphine Bacon OC (born April 23, 1947), is an Innu poet from Pessamit in Quebec. She publishes in French and Innu-aimun. She has also worked as a translator, community researcher, documentary filmmaker, curator and as a songwriter for Chloé Sainte-Marie and Alexandre Belliard. She has also curated an exhibit at the Grande Bibliothèque in Montreal, Quebec and teaches at Kiuna Institution in Odanak.
Alberto Selva
Alberto Selva (born 21 September 1964) is a Sammarinese lawyer and politician, who was Captain Regent of San Marino for the term October 2007 - March 2008, together with Mirko Tomassoni.

Selva, a lawyer, is a member of the Alleanza Popolare. He was elected in June 2006 to the Grand and General Council.

Selva had studied law at the University of Bologna.

Popular Alliance (San Marino)
The Popular Alliance (Italian: Alleanza Popolare, AP) was a liberal-centrist political party in San Marino.  The party formed a coalition with the Union for the Republic for the 2016 Sammarinese general election, and following their electoral success the two parties created a new party, Future Republic.
Hercules and Xena – The Animated Movie: The Battle for Mount Olympus
Hercules and Xena – The Animated Movie: The Battle for Mount Olympus is a 1998 American animated action-adventure direct-to-video film starring the voices of Kevin Sorbo, Lucy Lawless, Michael Hurst, Renee O'Connor, Kevin Smith and Alexandra Tydings, all reprising their roles from the two live-action/special effects television series, Hercules: The Legendary Journeys and Xena: Warrior Princess. In the film, Zeus' wife Hera releases the four Titans after eons of imprisonment in a fit of jealousy, prompting Hercules and Xena to join forces and stop her. The film was produced and directed by Lynne Naylor.

Kevin Smith (New Zealand actor)
Kevin Tod Smith (16 March 1963 – 15 February 2002) was a New Zealand actor and musician, best known for starring as the Greek God of war, Ares, in the TV series Hercules: The Legendary Journeys and in its two spin-offs – Xena: Warrior Princess and Young Hercules.
You Don't Do It for Me Anymore
"You Don't Do It for Me Anymore" is a song by American singer Demi Lovato for her sixth studio album, Tell Me You Love Me (2017). It was released on September 8, 2017, by Hollywood, Island and Safehouse Records as the second promotional single from the record, following "Tell Me You Love Me". The song's lyrics were written by Lovato and Chloe Angelides. It was produced by James "Gladius" Wong, Jonas Jeberg, Anton Kuhl serving as an additional producer, Mitch Allan as a vocal producer, and Scott Robinson as an additional vocal producer. "You Don't Do It For Me Anymore" can be interpreted as a breakup song, but for Lovato the song talks about her previous alcohol and drug addiction.

Hollywood Hills
The Hollywood Hills is a residential neighborhood in the central region of Los Angeles, California. It borders Studio City, Universal City and Burbank on the north, Griffith Park on the north and east, Los Feliz on the southeast, Hollywood on the south and Hollywood Hills West on the west. It includes Forest Lawn Memorial Park, Mount Sinai Memorial Park Cemetery, the Hollywood Reservoir, the Hollywood Sign, the Hollywood Bowl and the John Anson Ford Theater.
Ningde railway station
Ningde railway station (Chinese: 宁德站) is a railway station located in the Jiaocheng District of Ningde City, Fujian Province, China, on the Wenzhou–Fuzhou railway operated by the Nanchang Railway Bureau, China Railway Corporation. It opened on 1 October 2009. Ningde became a junction station with the opening of the Quzhou–Ningde railway on 27 September 2020.

Wenzhou–Fuzhou railway
The Wenzhou–Fuzhou railway, also known as the Wenfu railway, (Chinese: 温福铁路) is a dual-track, electrified, high-speed rail line running between Wenzhou in Zhejiang and Fuzhou, the capital of Fujian.  The line has a total length of 298.4 km (185.4 mi) and forms part of the Hangzhou–Fuzhou–Shenzhen passenger-dedicated railway.  Construction began in August 2005, and the line opened to freight traffic on July 1, 2009.  Passenger service began on September 28, 2009.  Trains running on the line reach top speeds of 250 kilometres per hour, and the shortest trip between Wenzhou and Fuzhou takes 1.5 hours.  The line required investment of  ¥12.66 billion. To improve connections between Fuzhou and Zhejiang, the government is proposing to build a faster parallel passenger dedicated line called the Wenzhou–Fuzhou high-speed railway.
2023 Toronto mayoral by-election
The 2023 Toronto mayoral by-election was held on Monday, June 26, 2023, to elect the 66th mayor of Toronto to serve the remainder of the 2022–2026 city council term following the resignation of Mayor John Tory. The election was won by Olivia Chow, a former city councillor and member of Parliament (MP). She defeated former deputy mayor Ana Bailão, former police chief Mark Saunders, and 99 other candidates. Chow assumed office on July 12, 2023.

On February 10, 2023, Mayor Tory announced his intention to resign following the admission of an affair with a staffer; he left office on February 17, 2023. The deputy mayor, Jennifer McKelvie, assumed certain mayoral powers and was the highest ranking official in the city until a permanent successor was elected. The nomination period for candidates opened on April 3, 2023, closing on May 12, with 102 registered candidates.

Toronto City Council
Toronto City Council is the governing body of the municipal government of Toronto, Ontario. Meeting at Toronto City Hall, it comprises 25 city councillors and the mayor of Toronto. The current term began on November 15, 2022.
Albert Reid
Albert David Reid, MC (25 July 1886 – 22 May 1962) was an Australian politician. Born in Murrumburrah, New South Wales, he was educated at state schools before becoming a farmer and grazier at Crowther. He sat on Murrumburrah Shire Council before serving in the military in 1914. He was awarded the Military Cross for gallantry at Beersheeba in October 1917.

In 1927, he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly as the Country Party member for Young. He was defeated in 1930 but re-elected in 1932. He was Minister for Agriculture 1938–1941. He was defeated at the 1941 state election by 660 votes. He served with the Australian forces during World War II from 1941 to 1943. In 1949, he was elected to the Australian Senate as a Country Party Senator for New South Wales. He retired in 1961, with the retirement to take effect in 1962, but died while still a Senator; no appointment was made.

Electoral district of Young
Young was an electoral district for the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales, named after and including the town of Young. It elected two members between 1880 and 1894 and one member from 1894 to 1904, when it was replaced by Burrangong. The sitting member George Burgess (Labour) successfully contested Burrangong. In 1920, with the introduction of proportional representation, Burrangong was absorbed by the three member district of Cootamundra. Proportional representation was abandoned in 1927 and Young was recreated. It was abolished in 1981 and the district was split with Young being absorbed by Burrinjuck while the towns of Cowra and Forbes were absorbed by a re-created Lachlan.
Paolo Lanfranchi
Paolo Lanfranchi (born 25 July 1968 in Gazzaniga, Province of Bergamo) is an Italian former professional road bicycle racer. Originally from Gazzaniga, Italy. Lanfranchi was a dominating figure in the Italian road racing scene by winning many points standings. Turning pro in 1993, he captured his first major victory in winning a Yellow Jersey for General classification of the Tour de Langkawi in 1999 riding for the Mapei–Quick-Step team, and again in 2001 with the same team.

Province of Bergamo
The province of Bergamo (Italian: provincia di Bergamo; Bergamasque: proìnsa de Bèrghem) is a province in the Lombardy region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Bergamo. The province has a population of 1,103,768 (2023), an area of 2,754.91 square kilometers (1,063.68 sq mi), and contains 242 comuni (municipalities).
2-Methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyrazine
2-Methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyrazine (sometimes abbreviated as MDMP) is a heterocyclic organic compound, part of methoxypyrazine class. It has a highly potent aroma with a strong musty, moldy, or earthy scent. It is best known as a source of cork taint in wine, secondary in importance to 2,4,6-trichloroanisole (TCA).

Heterocyclic compound
A heterocyclic compound or ring structure is a hydrocarbon-based cyclic compound that contains at least one heteroatom as member(s) of its ring(s). Heterocyclic organic chemistry is the branch of organic chemistry dealing with the synthesis, properties, and applications of organic heterocycles.

Examples of heterocyclic compounds include all of the nucleic acids, the majority of drugs, most biomass (cellulose and related materials), and many natural and synthetic dyes.  More than half of known compounds are heterocycles.  59% of US FDA-approved drugs contain nitrogen heterocycles.
Gambrill State Park
Gambrill State Park is a public recreation area located on Catoctin Mountain near the city of Frederick in Frederick County, Maryland. The state park is known for the dramatic views of the surrounding area that can be seen from stone overlooks built in the 1930s by the Civilian Conservation Corps. The park is operated by the Maryland Department of Natural Resources.

Maryland Department of Natural Resources
The Maryland Department of Natural Resources (DNR) is a government agency in the state of Maryland charged with maintaining natural resources including state parks, public lands, state forests, state waterways, wildlife, and recreation areas. Its headquarters are in Annapolis.
Guto Inocente
Carlos Augusto "Guto" Inocente Filho (born May 29, 1986) is a Brazilian professional mixed martial artist and kickboxer. A professional MMA competitor since 2005, Inocente formerly competed for the UFC and Strikeforce in MMA.

He signed with Glory Kickboxing in 2016, eventually becoming a contender. In 2017, Inocente was banned for 4 years by the World Association of Kickboxing Organizations after he tested positive for four banned substances from the 2017 World Games.

He is ranked as the sixth best heavyweight by Combat Press as of September 2022, and eighth best by Beyond Kick as of October 2022. Combat Press previously ranked him as the #10 heavyweight in the world between July and August 2021.

2017 World Games
The 2017 World Games (Polish: Igrzyska Światowe 2017), also known as Wrocław 2017, was the tenth edition of the World Games, held from 20 to 30 July 2017 in Wrocław, Poland. The World Games were organized by the Wrocław Organizing Committee. Wrocław was selected as the host city in January 2012 in Lausanne, over Budapest, Hungary. It was the first time The World Games was organised in Poland.

Wrocław was the sixth city in Europe after London (1985), Karlsruhe (1989), The Hague (1993), Lahti (1997) and Duisburg (2005) to host The World Games.

A total of 201 events in 27 official sport disciplines were held during the Games. This is the first time that floorball, women's lacrosse, and Muay Thai have been included in The World Games as official sports. Also, a total of 21 events in 4 invitational sports, American football, indoor rowing, kickboxing, and motorcycle speedway were held during the Games.
Durham Wildlife Trust
Durham Wildlife Trust is a registered charity that was established in 1971, originally as the Durham County Conservation Trust, becoming Durham Wildlife Trust in 1988. The Trust operates across the area of the old County Durham, which includes Darlington, Gateshead, South Tyneside and Sunderland.

Durham Wildlife Trust is part of the federation of 46 charities across the U.K. that together form the Wildlife Trusts. Recognised by their badger logo, each individual Wildlife Trust is an independent organisation conserving wildlife in its local area. The Trusts are membership organisations.

Durham Wildlife Trust manages 50 nature reserves between the Tees and the Tyne. The reserves include areas of ancient woodland, heathland, meadows, wetlands and more, and have helped to save important natural areas in the North East from destruction.

Today Durham Wildlife Trust continues to acquire new reserves and run large scale conservation projects.

Northumbrian Water
Northumbrian Water Limited is a water company in the United Kingdom, providing mains water and sewerage services in  the English counties of Northumberland, Tyne and Wear, Durham and parts of North Yorkshire. Northumbrian Water Limited also supplies water in eastern England under the name Essex and Suffolk Water. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of Northumbrian Water Group.
2014 Russian sabotage activities in Ukraine
Russian sabotage in Ukraine is a set of actions planned, organized, and implemented by Russian special services in Ukraine with the help of local Russian agents of influence, pro-Russian separatists, trained political tourists from Russia, Russian saboteurs, and FSB officers since the end of February 2014. The aim of the Russian sabotage is to destabilize the political situation in Ukraine after the Revolution of Dignity, provoking interethnic and interregional conflicts, strengthening Russian separatist forces in Donbas. These subversive actions are part of the Russian information war against Ukraine and direct military aggression — annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation.

Subversive activities in the East became especially acute and escalated against the background of the 2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine called the "Russian Spring."

Sabotage
Sabotage is a deliberate action aimed at weakening a polity, government, effort, or organization through subversion, obstruction, demoralization,  destabilization, division, disruption, or destruction. One who engages in sabotage is a saboteur. Saboteurs typically try to conceal their identities because of the consequences of their actions and to avoid invoking legal and organizational requirements for addressing sabotage.
Kiara Nirghin
Kiara Nirghin is an tech entrepreneur and award-winning AI technologist originally from South Africa. She gained recognition at a young age when she won the Google Grand Prize for seminal research in AI algorithms and predictive modeling for real-world applications. Nirghin has been featured by TIME Magazine and The Guardian on their Most Influential lists and named one of Glamour Magazine’s Women of the Year. She has also been on Forbes 30 Under 30. She is recognized as a United Nations' Young Champions of the Earth and is a Global Ambassador for Room To Read.

Glamour (magazine)
Glamour is a multinational online women's magazine published by Condé Nast Publications and based in New York City. It was originally called Glamour of Hollywood. From 1939 to 2019, Glamour was a print magazine. Due to decreasing numbers of subscribers, Glamour's last print edition was in January 2019.
Bengal Foredeep
The Bengal Foredeep is one of the world's largest exogeosynclines. It runs parallel to the hinge zone of the Sub-Himalayan Foredeep. It is about 450 kilometers wide in southern Bangladesh, narrowing towards the northeast. Folded belts of the Burmese Alpide mobile belt mark its eastern boundary. It can be divided into further sub-zones: (1) the Faridpur Trough; (2) the Barisal High; (3) the Hatiya Trough; (4) the Sylhet Trough; and (5) the Madhupur High.

Geosyncline
A geosyncline (originally called a geosynclinal) is an obsolete geological concept to explain orogens, which was developed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, before the theory of plate tectonics was envisaged. A geosyncline was described as a giant downward fold in the Earth's crust, with associated upward folds called geanticlines (or geanticlinals), that preceded the climax phase of orogenic deformation.
Ghogha railway station
Ghogha railway station is a railway station on Sahibganj loop line under the Malda railway division of Eastern Railway zone. It is situated beside National Highway 80 at Ghogha in Bhagalpur district in the Indian state of Bihar.

Eastern Railway zone
22°34′21.8″N 88°21′50.2″E﻿ / ﻿22.572722°N 88.363944°E﻿ / 22.572722; 88.363944

The Eastern Railway (abbreviated ER) is among the 19 zones of the Indian Railways. Its headquarters is at Fairley Place (Kolkata) and comprises four divisions: Howrah, Malda, Sealdah, and Asansol. Each division is headed by a Divisional Railway Manager (DRM). The name of the division denotes the name of the city where the divisional headquarters is located. Eastern Railway oversees the largest and second largest rail complexes in the country, Howrah Junction and Sealdah railway station, and also contains the highest number of A1 and A Category Stations like Howrah, Malda Town,
Sealdah, Asansol, Kolkata, Durgapur, Barddhaman, Jasidih, Madhupur, Rampurhat Junction, Bhagalpur, Jamalpur, Bandel and Naihati. Eastern Railways operates India's oldest train, Kalka Mail.
Rijksmuseum van Geologie en Mineralogie
The Rijksmuseum van Geologie en Mineralogie was a museum of geological and mineralogical collections. Up to 1878, geological and mineralogical collections formed part of Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, the National Museum of Natural History. This museum, founded in 1820 and established at Leiden, was closely linked with the university there. One of the staff members used to be in charge of the geological collections. In 1893 the collection was moved into a new building at the Van der Werffpark/Garenmarkt as the Rijksmuseum van Geologie en Mineralogie, representing a great step forward. The RGM thus became completely independent and was no longer regarded as part of the Natural History Museum.

Tertiary period
The Tertiary (/ˈtɜːrʃəri/ TUR-shər-ee, US also /ˈtɜːrʃi.ɛri/ TUR-shee-err-ee) is an obsolete geologic period spanning 66 million to 2.6 or 1.8 million years ago. The period began with the extinction of the non-avian dinosaurs in the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event, at the start of the Cenozoic Era, and extended to the beginning of the Quaternary glaciation at the end of the Pliocene Epoch. The Tertiary has not been recognised by the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS) since the late 1980s, with the timespan of the Tertiary now being split into the earlier Paleogene and the more recent Neogene periods, though the Tertiary continues to be used in some scientific publications.
Dobate Bishwakarma
Dobate Bishwakarma (Nepali: दोबाटे विश्वकर्मा) is a Nepali politician of Nepali Congress and Minister in Gandaki government since 11 October 2021. He is also serving as member of the Gandaki Province Provincial Assembly.

Bishwakarma was elected to the 2017 provincial assembly elections from the proportional list for Dalit representation. He joined Krishna Chandra Nepali cabinet as Minister for Internal Affairs on 11 October 2021.

Krishna Chandra Nepali Pokharel cabinet
Krishna Chandra Nepali was sworn in as Chief Minister of Gandaki Province on 12 June 2021. This government was supported by CPN(Maoist-Centre), NSP while Rastriya Janamorcha supported without joining the government.
Floyd (surname)
Floyd is a surname of Welsh origin, deriving from Lloyd, which is ultimately an anglicized spelling of "Llwyd" (“gray, gray-haired”), and of Scottish origin deriving from Flood. Notable people with this surname include:

Grey
Grey or gray is an intermediate color between black and white. It is a neutral or achromatic color, meaning that it has no chroma. It is the color of a cloud-covered sky, of ash, and of lead.

The first recorded use of grey as a color name in the English language was in 700 CE. Grey is the dominant spelling in European and Commonwealth English, while gray is more common in American English; however, both spellings are valid in both varieties of English.

In Europe and North America, surveys show that grey is the color most commonly associated with neutrality, conformity, boredom, uncertainty, old age, indifference, and humility. Only one percent of respondents chose it as their favorite color.
Iski Topi Uske Sarr
Iski Topi Uske Sarr (transl. My Hat, Your Head) is a 1998 Indian Bollywood comedy film directed by Raju Mavani and produced by Nitin Mavani. It stars Sharad Kapoor, Mukul Dev and Divya Dutta in pivotal roles.

Raju Mavani
Raju Mavani (1957 – 31 October 2019) was an Indian film director, producer, actor and screenplay writer. He had worked on many films and was known for his acting skills while playing a negative character.
Hotel Claridge (Memphis, Tennessee)
Hotel Claridge is a historic hotel building in Memphis, Tennessee, U.S.. It was built in 1924 for Charles Levy and Morris Corn, two businessmen from St. Louis, Missouri. Its construction cost $1.5 million, and it was designed by the Memphis architectural firm of Jones & Furbringer and the St. Louis firm of Barnett, Haynes & Barnett.

Hotel Claridge is at 109 North Main Street in Memphis.  In the 1930s and 40s, it housed the studios of radio station 560 AM WHBQ.

It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since April 29, 1982.

National Register of Historic Places listings in Shelby County, Tennessee
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Shelby County, Tennessee.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Shelby County, Tennessee, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in a map.

There are 205 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county, including 4 National Historic Landmarks.  There are 24 properties that have been removed from the register.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted December 12, 2025.