hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Julius Placidus
Julius Placidus was a Roman military tribune in the 1st century.

During Vespasian's capture of Rome in the Year of the Four Emperors, Placidus dragged the emperor Vitellius out of his hiding place, and led him through the city.

Military tribune
A military tribune  (from Latin  tribunus militum 'tribune of the soldiers') was an officer of the Roman army who ranked below the legate and above the praefectus castrorum (a centurion). Young men of Equestrian rank often served as military tribunes as a stepping stone to the Senate. The tribunus militum should not be confused with the elected political office of tribune of the people (tribunus plebis) nor with that of tribunus militum consulari potestate.
2023 Florida Cup
The 2023 Florida Cup was the ninth edition of the Florida Cup, a friendly association football tournament played in the United States. It was contested from July 16 to 23, 2022. For the second year, the tournament was not a true friendly cup competition but rather a series of friendlies referred to as the FC Series.

The main FC Series match featured English club Chelsea against Welsh club Wrexham at Kenan Memorial Stadium in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. The Florida Cup also served as local host of the Soccer Champions Tour match between Italian club Juventus and Spanish club Real Madrid playing in Orlando, Florida. Chelsea defeated Wrexham by a score of 5–0, and Juventus defeated Real Madrid 3–1.

Football Association of Wales
The Football Association of Wales (FAW; Welsh: Cymdeithas Bêl-droed Cymru) is the governing body of association football and futsal in Wales, and controls the Wales national football team, its corresponding women's team, as well as the Wales national futsal team. It is a member of FIFA, UEFA and the IFAB.

Established in 1876, it is the third-oldest national association in the world, and one of the four associations, along with the English Football Association, Scottish Football Association, and Irish Football Association that make up the International Football Association Board, responsible for the Laws of the Game.
O'Tacos
O'Tacos (French pronunciation: [o takos]) is a French fast food chain founded in 2010. Headquartered in Montrouge near Paris, Île-de-France, O'Tacos has restaurants all over France and has also expanded internationally: it is found in various cities of Belgium, Brunei, Germany, Denmark, Italy, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Spain, Portugal, Algeria, Morocco, the United States, and Canada. The chain specializes in "French tacos", a fast food dish that consists of a flour tortilla wrap with French fries, meat and cheese.

Flour tortilla
A flour tortilla (/tɔːrˈtiːə/, /-jə/) or wheat tortilla is a type of soft, thin flatbread made from finely ground wheat flour. Made with flour- and water-based dough, it is pressed and cooked, similar to corn tortillas. The simplest recipes use only flour, water, fat, and salt, but commercially made flour tortillas generally contain chemical leavening agents such as baking powder, and other ingredients.
1936 United States presidential election in Virginia
The 1936 United States presidential election in Virginia took place on November 3, 1936. Voters chose 11 representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.

Virginia voted for the Democratic nominee, incumbent President Franklin D. Roosevelt, over the Republican nominee, Kansas Governor Alf Landon. Roosevelt ultimately won the national election with 60.80% of the vote.  Roosevelt carried Virginia with the largest percentage since 1832, and no candidate since has been able to match his performance in the state. As of the 2020 presidential election, this is the last election in which Page County voted for a Democratic presidential candidate.

Page County, Virginia
Page County is located in the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 23,709. Its county seat is Luray.  Page County was formed in 1831 from Shenandoah and Rockingham counties and was named for John Page, Governor of Virginia from 1802 to 1805.
Channel 56 virtual TV stations in the United States
The following television stations operate on virtual channel 56 in the United States:

K29GO-D in Cortez, etc., Colorado

KDOC-TV in Anaheim, California

KETK-TV in Jacksonville, Texas

KQHO-LD in Houston, Texas

KSXF-LD in Sioux Falls, South Dakota

KWDK in Tacoma, Washington

W24EC-D in Manteo, North Carolina

WBXZ-LD in Buffalo, New York

WDKY-TV in Danville, Kentucky

WFSG in Panama City, Florida

WLVI in Cambridge, Massachusetts

WOLF-TV in Hazleton, Pennsylvania

WOPX-TV in Melbourne, Florida

WSPX-TV in Syracuse, New York

WTVS in Detroit, Michigan

WWVW-LD in Wheeling, West Virginia

WYIN in Gary, Indiana

WSPX-TV
WSPX-TV (channel 56) is a television station in Syracuse, New York, United States, airing programming from the Ion Television network. Owned and operated by the Ion Media subsidiary of the E. W. Scripps Company, the station maintains studios on Basile Rowe in East Syracuse and a transmitter on Sevier Road in Pompey, New York.
Corinne Diacre
Corinne Catherine Diacre (born 4 August 1974) is a French professional football manager and former player who played as a defender. She currently serves as the manager for Les Marseillaises. She played her entire club career with Soyaux in the Division 1. She was also an international player with the France national team from 1993 to 2005, captaining the team for much of that period.

In August 2014, she became the first woman to coach a men's professional football team (Clermont) in a competitive match in France. Diacre continued to manage Clermont for three seasons until taking up the position as head coach of the French women's national team, a job she lost in March 2023. Diacre’s tenure with France was notably marred with controversies.

Noël Le Graët
Noël Yves Marie Le Graët (French pronunciation: [nɔɛl iv maʁi lə ɡʁɛt]; born 25 December 1941) is a French businessman, politician and football official. He was the President of the French Football Federation (FFF) from 2011 to 2023. He was the vice-president of the FFF from 2005 to 2011.
Hasan al-Utrush
Abū Muḥammad al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī ibn ʿUmar al-Ashraf ibn ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn ibn al-Ḥusayn (Medina, c. 844 – Amul, January/February 917), better known as al-Ḥasan al-Uṭrūsh (Arabic: الحسن الأطروش, lit. 'Hasan the Deaf'), was an Alid missionary of the Zaydi Shia sect who re-established Zaydi rule over the province of Tabaristan in northern Iran in 914, after fourteen years of Samanid rule. He ruled Tabaristan until his death under the regnal name of al-Nāṣir liʾl-Ḥaqq ("Defender of the True Faith"), and became known as al-Nāṣir al-Kabīr ("al-Nasir the Elder") to distinguish him from his descendants who bore the same surname. His grandfather Al-Ḥasan is the grandson of ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn'son ʿUmar al-Ashraf. He is still known and recognized as an imam among the Zaydis of Yemen.

Arabic name
Arabic names have historically been based on a long naming system. Many people from Arabic-speaking and also non-Arab Muslim countries have not had given, middle, and family names but rather a chain of names. This system remains in use throughout the Arab and Muslim worlds.
Thomas Prime
Thomas Edmund Howard Prime (born 16 October 1977) is a former English cricketer who played two List A cricket matches for Cumberland County Cricket Club in 2001. He was born in Kendal, Cumbria.

Prime made his debut for Cumberland in the 2000 Minor Counties Championship against Norfolk. He played one further Championship match the following season against Cambridgeshire. Also in 2001, Prime played his only MCCA Knockout Trophy match against the Yorkshire Cricket Board.  In 2001, he played two List A matches against the Worcestershire Cricket Board and Kent in the 2001 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy.  In the match against the Worcestershire Cricket Board he scored 9 runs before being dismissed by Claude Henderson.  In the match against Kent, he was dismissed for a duck by Ben Trott.

2001 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy
The 2001 Cheltenham and Gloucester Trophy was an English limited overs county cricket tournament which was held between 1 May and 1 September 2001. It was the first Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy following its change of name from the NatWest Trophy, with new sponsors Cheltenham & Gloucester plc.  The tournament was won by Somerset who defeated Leicesterhire by 41 runs in the final at Lord's.
Ptilotus caespitulosus
Ptilotus caespitulosus, commonly known as salt lake mulla-mulla, was a species of flowering plant in the family Amaranthaceae and was endemic to Western Australia. It was a prostrate perennial herb with spikes of pink flowers. It was first formally described in 1868 by Ferdinand von Mueller in his Fragmenta Phytographiae Australiae from specimens collected by James Drummond. The specific epithet (caespitulosus) means 'many small tufts', referring to the lower leaves.

This species of Ptilotus grew around salt lakes. It is listed as "presumed extinct" by the Government of Western Australia Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.

Fragmenta phytographiae Australiae
Fragmenta phytographiae Australiae is a series of papers written by the Victorian Government botanist Ferdinand von Mueller in which he published many of his approximately 2000 descriptions of new taxa of Australian plants. It includes the plant genera of Reedia (belonging to the family Cyperaceae), and Acomis (in the daisy family).
The papers were issued in 94 parts between 1858 and 1882 and published in 11 volumes. Though a 12th volume was apparently planned, it was not published. It is the only scientific periodical in Australia that has been completely written in Latin.

One of the illustrators of the series was Ludwig Becker.
Tikar language
Tikar (also called Tigé, Tigré or Tikari) is a Northern Bantoid, semi-Bantu language that is spoken in Cameroon by the Tikar people, as well as by the Bedzan Pygmies, who speak their own dialect of the language. A recent hypothesis by Roger Blench suggests that the Tikar language could be a divergent language in the Niger-Congo language family with an uncertain origin.

Roger Blench
Roger Marsh Blench (born August 1, 1953) is a British linguist, ethnomusicologist and development anthropologist. He has an M.A. and a Ph.D. from the University of Cambridge and is based in Cambridge, England. He researches, publishes, and works as a consultant.
James Durcan
James Durcan is a Gaelic footballer for the Mayo senior team, who also plays club football for Castlebar Mitchels. Along with his twin brother Paddy, Durcan has appeared in both the 2014 All-Ireland Club SFC final and the 2016 All-Ireland Club SFC final with his club Castlebar Mitchels.

Durcan started his first senior game for the Mayo against Limerick in the 2018 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship and scored a goal against Tipperary, when he had originally intended his effort to score a point.

He got married in December 2024.

Tipperary county football team
The Tipperary county football team represents Tipperary in men's Gaelic football and is governed by Tipperary GAA, the county board of the Gaelic Athletic Association. The team competes in the three major annual inter-county competitions; the All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, the Munster Senior Football Championship and the National Football League.

Tipperary's home ground is Semple Stadium, Thurles. The team's manager is Niall Fitzgerald.

Tipperary was the second Munster county to win an All-Ireland Senior Football Championship (SFC), as well as to appear in the final, following Limerick. The team last won the Munster Senior Championship in 2020, the All-Ireland Senior Championship in 1920 and has never won the National League.
Zeng Qiliang
Zeng Qiliang (simplified Chinese: 曾启亮; traditional Chinese: 曾啟亮; pinyin: Céng Qǐliàng; born May 10, 1975) is a retired male breaststroke swimmer from PR China. He represented his native country at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia. Zeng won the silver medal in the men's 100m breaststroke event at the 1998 World Aquatics Championships in Perth, Australia., which is the first medal of Chinese male swimmer in world championships.

Breaststroke
Breaststroke is a swimming style in which the swimmer is on their chest and the torso does not rotate. It is the most popular recreational style due to the swimmer's head being out of the water a large portion of the time, and that it can be swum comfortably at slow speeds. In most swimming classes, beginners learn either the breaststroke or the freestyle (front crawl) first. However, at the competitive level, swimming breaststroke at speed requires endurance and strength comparable to other strokes. Some people refer to breaststroke as the "frog" stroke because the arms and legs move somewhat like a frog swimming in the water. The stroke itself is the slowest of any competitive strokes and is thought to be the oldest of all swimming strokes.
Soyot
The Soyot are an ethnic group who mainly live in the Oka region in the Okinsky District in Buryatia, Russia. They share much of their history with the Tofalar, Tozhu Tuvans, Dukha, and Buryat; the Soyot have taken on a great deal of Buryat cultural influence and were grouped together with them under Soviet policy. Due to intermarriage between Soyots and Buryats, the Soyot population is heavily mixed with the Buryat. In 2000, they were reinstated as a distinct ethnic group.

Like other taiga peoples, the Soyot traditionally practiced reindeer breeding and hunting and lived nomadically, but today most Soyot live in villages. According to the 2021 census, there were 4,368 Soyots in Russia.

The Soyot language is Turkic, and closely corresponds with the Tofalar language; most Soyot spoke Buryat during Russian rule, but following the collapse of the Soviet Union, there has been an active effort to revitalize the formerly extinct Soyot language.

Tofa language
Tofa (Tofa: Тоъфа дыл Tòfa dıl), also known as Tofalar or Karagas, is a Turkic language spoken in Russia's Irkutsk Oblast by the Tofalar, an indigenous people of the region. Tofa forms a dialect continuum with the closely related Tuvan language, and shares many features with Tuvan. Tofa is a critically endangered language, as classified by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger, and recent estimates for speakers run from 67 to fewer than 40 individuals. Only 3 people can speak it fluently.
King of Pancrase tournament
The King of Pancrase tournament was a mixed martial arts event held by Pancrase Hybrid Wrestling. It took place at Sumo Hall in Tokyo, Japan on December 16 and 17, 1994. The event was a 16-man tournament to crown the first ever champion of Pancrase.  It featured the opening round and quarterfinals of the tournament on the first day, and the semifinals and finals on the second day.

The tournament was one of the biggest events in mixed martial arts history to that date and featured some of the best fighters in the world at the time, including future Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) champions Bas Rutten, Ken Shamrock, Frank Shamrock, and Maurice Smith, and top Japanese fighters Masakatsu Funaki, Minoru Suzuki and Manabu Yamada.

Ryōgoku Kokugikan
Ryōgoku Kokugikan (Japanese: 両国国技館; lit. "Ryōgoku National Sports Hall"), also known as Ryōgoku Sumo Hall or Kokugikan Arena, refers to two different indoor sporting arenas located in Tokyo. The first Ryōgoku Kokugikan opened its doors in 1909 and was located on the premises of the Ekōin temple in Ryōgoku, Tokyo. Although no sumo bouts were held after 1945, following the capitulation of Japan and the requisition of the building by the occupying forces, the building itself remained active until 1983, being notably used by the Nihon University. The second Ryōgoku Kokugikan is currently located in the Yokoami neighborhood of Sumida next to the Edo-Tokyo Museum. It opened in 1985, following the closure of the Kuramae Kokugikan, and is still in use today.
Ramanlal Nilkanth Hasya Paritoshik
The Ramanlal Nilkanth Hasya Prize (Gujarati: રમણલાલ નિલકંઠ હાસ્ય પારિતોષિક), is a literary honour in Gujarat, India. It is named after renowned Gujarati writer Ramanbhai Neelkanth. The award is conferred by Gujarat Sahitya Akademi and Government of Gujarat to the Gujarati authors for their significant contribution in Gujarati humour literature. Established in 2016, the award comprises a plaque, shawl and a cash prize of Rs. 1,00,000 (one lakh).

Gujarati literature
The history of Gujarati literature (Gujarati: ગુજરાતી સાહિત્ય, romanized: Gujarātī sāhitya) may be traced to 1000 AD, and this literature has flourished since then to the present. It is unique in having almost no patronage from a ruling dynasty, other than its composers.

Gujarat Vidhya Sabha, Gujarat Sahitya Sabha, Gujarat Sahitya Akademi and Gujarati Sahitya Parishad are Gujarat-based literary institutions promoting the Gujarati literature.
Punnawithi BTS station
Punnawithi station (Thai: สถานีปุณณวิถี) is a BTS skytrain station, on the Sukhumvit Line in Phra Khanong District, Bangkok, Thailand. The station is located on Sukhumvit Road at Soi Punnawithi (Sukhumvit Soi 101).

Apart from the dense residential area surrounding the station, an attraction nearby the station is Dhammamongkol Temple on Soi Punnawithi with very tall and well decorated stupas which also house jade Buddha and Kuan Yin statues. Chanapatana International Design Institute which is founded by the temple is also situated on the same area.

Opened in 2011, it is a part of the 5.52 km (3.43 mi) skytrain extension from On Nut to Bearing station.

Phra Khanong district
Phra Khanong (Thai: พระโขนง, pronounced [pʰráʔ kʰā.nǒːŋ]) is one of the 50 districts (Khet) of Bangkok, Thailand. Its neighbours, clockwise from north, are Suan Luang, Prawet, and Bang Na districts of Bangkok, Phra Pradaeng district of Samut Prakan province (across Chao Phraya River), Khlong Toei and Watthana of Bangkok.

Economy: There is at least one oil refinery in the district (as of the 2020s).
Khanpur Dagran
Khanpur Dagran, Khanpur Aheeran, Khanpur Ahir  is a village in Kotkasim tehsil  Alwar District in the state of Rajasthan, India. Khanpur Dagran part of Ahirwal and about 85 percent of the total population are Yadav. Most of the Yadavs belong to the gotra(clan) of the Dagar. The main language spoken in Ahirwati.

Ahirwal
Ahirwal is a region of southern Haryana, north-eastern Rajasthan, and South-Western Delhi The region was once a small principality based from the town of Rewari and controlled by members of the Ahir community from around the time when the Mughal Empire was in decline.
Carlos Stroud
Carlos Ray Stroud Jr. (born July 9, 1942, in Owensboro, KY) is an American physicist and educator. Working in the field of quantum optics, Stroud has carried out theoretical and experimental studies in most areas of the field from its beginnings in the late 1960s, studying the fundamentals of the quantum mechanics of atoms and light and their interaction. He has authored over 140 peer-reviewed papers and edited seven books. He is a fellow of the American Physical Society and the Optical Society of America, as well as a Distinguished Traveling Lecturer of the Division of Laser Science of the American Physical Society. In this latter position he travels to smaller colleges giving colloquia and public lectures.

Optica (society)
Optica, founded as the Optical Society of America (later the Optical Society), is a professional society of individuals and companies with an interest in optics and photonics. It publishes journals, organizes conferences and exhibitions, and carries out charitable activities.
James O'Collins
Sir James Patrick O'Collins KBE (31 March 1892 − 25 November 1983), an Australian suffragan bishop, was the fifth Bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Ballarat, serving for over 29 years.

Born in Port Melbourne, Victoria, O'Collins was ordained as a priest on 23 December 1922. He was appointed as bishop of Geraldton in Western Australia on 11 February 1930. On 23 December 1941 he was appointed as bishop of Ballarat and returned to Victoria. O'Collins retired on 1 May 1971 and was appointed as Bishop Emeritus of Ballarat.

He was appointed a Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire (KBE) in 1980 for services to religion and the community.

The Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse found that O'Collins had received a complaint in the 1960s that Father Gerald Ridsdale had sexually abused a boy but O’Collins had not taken action.

Diocese of Geraldton
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Geraldton is a Latin Church ecclesiastical jurisdiction or diocese of the Catholic Church covering the Mid West, Western Australia. It is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the Metropolitan Archdiocese of Perth.

Its cathedral episcopal see is St Francis Xavier Cathedral, in Geraldton.
Banarhat railway station
Banarhat railway station is the railway station which serves the town of Banarhat in the Indian state of West Bengal. It lies in the New Jalpaiguri–Alipurduar–Samuktala Road line of Northeast Frontier Railway zone, Alipurduar railway division. This railway station also serves the town of Samtse, Bhutan which is around 18 kilometres away by road from Banarhat railway station.

Northeast Frontier Railway zone
The Northeast Frontier Railway (abbreviated NFR) is one of the 19 railway zones of the Indian Railways. It is headquartered in Maligaon, Guwahati in the state of Assam, and responsible for operation and expansion of rail network all across Northeastern states and some districts of eastern Bihar and northern West Bengal.
Patrick Bloechliger
Patrick Bloechliger (born 26 June 1983) is a Swiss bobsledder who has competed since 2003. His best Bobsleigh World Cup finish was second in the four-man event at Cesana Pariol in January 2008.

Bloechliger's best finish at the FIBT World Championships was 11th in the four-man event at Altenberg in 2008.

Cesana Pariol
Cesana Pariol was the venue for bobsleigh, luge and skeleton during the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin, Italy. The track, built for the Games, is located in Cesana Torinese. The €110 million venue had a capacity of 7,130 spectators, of whom 3,624 were seated. The track was closed in 2011 and has been abandoned since then. The track is scheduled to be demolished in summer 2026.

The track was considered for renovation for the 2026 Winter Olympics to host the sliding events, but the plans were turned down and a new track was built in Cortina d'Ampezzo for €119 million euros.
2013 in paleoichthyology
This list of fossil fishes described in 2013 is a list of new taxa of placoderms, fossil cartilaginous fishes and bony fishess of every kind that have been described during the year 2013. The list only includes taxa at the level of genus or species.

Chondrichthyes
Chondrichthyes (/kɒnˈdrɪkθiiːz/; from Ancient Greek  χόνδρος (khóndros) 'cartilage' and  ἰχθύς (ikhthús) 'fish') is a class of jawed fish that contains the cartilaginous fish or chondrichthyans, which all have skeletons primarily composed of cartilage. They can be contrasted with the Osteichthyes or bony fish, which have skeletons primarily composed of bone tissue. Chondrichthyes are aquatic vertebrates with paired fins, paired nares, placoid scales, conus arteriosus in the heart, and a lack of opercula and swim bladders. Within the infraphylum Gnathostomata, cartilaginous fishes are distinct from all other jawed vertebrates.

The class is divided into two subclasses: Elasmobranchii (sharks, rays, skates and sawfish) and Holocephali (chimaeras, sometimes called ghost sharks, which are sometimes separated into their own class).  Extant chondrichthyans range in size from the 10 cm (3.9 in) finless sleeper ray to the over 10 m (33 ft) whale shark.