hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Santa Monica, Florida
Santa Monica is an unincorporated community in Bay County, Florida, United States. It is part of the Panama City–Lynn Haven–Panama City Beach Metropolitan Statistical Area. Its population is 60.

Santa Monica is located along State Road 30 (former US 98 Alternate) west of Laguna Beach.

Lynn Haven, Florida
Lynn Haven is a city in Bay County, Florida, United States, north of Panama City. The population was 18,695 at the 2020 census, up from 18,493 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Panama City—Panama City Beach, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area.
York Hospital
York Hospital is a teaching hospital in York, England. It is  managed by York and Scarborough Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, an NHS Foundation Trust which also runs several other hospitals in North Yorkshire and the East Riding of Yorkshire, including Scarborough Hospital, Bridlington Hospital and Malton Community Hospital.

Teaching hospital
A teaching hospital or university hospital is a hospital or medical center that provides medical education and training to future and current health professionals. Teaching hospitals are almost always affiliated with one or more universities and are often co-located with medical schools.

Teaching hospitals use a residency program to educate qualified physicians, podiatrists, dentists, and pharmacists who are receiving training after attaining the degree of MD, DO, DPM, DDS, DMD, PharmD, BDS, BDent, MBBS, MBChB, or BMed. Those that attend a teaching hospital or clinic practice medicine under the direct or indirect supervision of a senior medical clinician registered in that specialty, such as an attending physician or consultant. The purpose of these residency programs is to create an environment where new doctors can learn to practice medicine in a safe setting which is supervised by physicians that provide both oversight and education.
Abu ol Hasani
Abu ol Hasani (Persian: ابوالحسني, also Romanized as Abū ol Ḩasanī) is a village in Kharturan Rural District, Beyarjomand District, Shahrud County, Semnan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 56, in 16 families.

Semnan province
Semnan province (Persian: استان سمنان) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. It is in the north of the country. Its capital is the city of Semnan.

The province of Semnan covers an area of 96,816 square kilometers and stretches along the Alborz mountain range, bordering on Kavir desert in its southern parts. The province was made part of Region 1 on 22 June 2014, as the provinces were grouped into 5 regions for coordination and development purposes.
Richard Popkin
Richard Henry Popkin (December 27, 1923 – April 14, 2005) was an American academic philosopher who specialized in the history of enlightenment philosophy and early modern anti-dogmatism. His 1960 work The History of Scepticism from Erasmus to Descartes introduced one previously unrecognized influence on Western thought in the seventeenth century, the Pyrrhonian Scepticism of Sextus Empiricus. Popkin also was an internationally acclaimed scholar on Christian millenarianism and Jewish messianism.

Pyrrhonism
Pyrrhonism is an Ancient Greek school of philosophical skepticism which rejects dogma and advocates the suspension of judgement over the truth of all beliefs. It was founded by Aenesidemus in the first century BCE, and said to have been inspired by the teachings of Pyrrho and Timon of Phlius in the fourth century BCE.

Pyrrhonism is best known today  through the surviving works of Sextus Empiricus, writing in the late second century or early third century CE. The publication of Sextus' works in the Renaissance ignited a revival of interest in Skepticism and played a major role in Reformation thought and the development of early modern philosophy.
Tetraria thermalis
Tetraria thermalis (L.) C.B.Clarke, the bergpalmiet, is a South African perennial in the family Cyperaceae.  The species is endemic to the Western Cape, from the Cape Peninsula to Nature's Valley, growing on sandy soils and sandstone slopes  There are some 50 species of Tetraria in Africa and Australasia, of which about 38 occur in the Cape fynbos. Tetraria, currently, is polyphyletic and in need of taxonomic revision.

This is a pioneer plant which recovers rapidly after fire, aiding the regrowth of other species. It reaches some 2,5 m in height, is trigonous with wiry, drooping yellow-green leaves that are narrowly sword-shaped and keeled. They have scabrid leaf margins armed with minute teeth pointing to the leaf apex.  The flowering stems are erect and triangular in cross-section, standing well above the leaves. Nutlets are small and trigonous, often crowned by a persistent style, and are consumed by the Chacma baboon.

Chacma baboon
The chacma baboon (Papio ursinus), also known as the Cape baboon, is, like all other baboons, from the Old World monkey family. It is one of the largest of all monkeys. Located primarily in southern Africa, the chacma baboon has a wide variety of social behaviours, including a dominance hierarchy, collective foraging, adoption of young by females, and friendship pairings. These behaviors form parts of a complex evolutionary ecology. In general, the species is not threatened, but human population pressure has increased contact between humans and baboons. Hunting, trapping, and accidents kill or remove many baboons from the wild, thereby reducing baboon numbers and disrupting their social structure.
2018 Eliteserien promotion/relegation play-offs
The 2018 Eliteserien promotion/relegation play-offs was the 45th time a spot in the Eliteserien was decided by play-off matches between top tier and second level clubs. In the play-offs, five teams compete for one spot in the 2019 Eliteserien.

At the end of the 2018 season, Start and Sandefjord were relegated directly to 2019 1. divisjon, and were replaced by Viking and Mjøndalen who were directly promoted.

Aalesunds FK
Aalesunds Fotballklubb, commonly known as Aalesund or AaFK, is a Norwegian professional football club from the town of Ålesund, that competes in the Eliteserien, the top tier of the Norwegian football league system. The club was founded on 25 June 1914. As of 2004, the football club had 835 members and several teams on both professional and amateur levels. These teams are the 1st and 2nd teams, junior team, and also several age-specific teams.
Steve Bosdosh
Steve Bosdosh is an American professional golfer.

Bosdosh has worked predominantly as a teaching professional, and is the director of instruction at Four Streams Golf Academy in Beallsville, Maryland. He previously held the same position at the TPC at Avenel in Potomac, Maryland for over fourteen years. He has conducted numerous golf schools for Golf Digest and the PGA Tour, and held clinics for many Fortune 500 companies across the United States. He has also worked with many tournament players on the leading tours.

Golf Magazine ranked Bosdosh as one of the top 100 teaching professionals in the United States, and Golf Digest ranked him as one of the top in the state of Maryland. He has also been nominated for the National PGA Teacher of the Year award. He has contributed golf instructional articles for several leading publications, including Golf Magazine, Sports Illustrated and the Washington Post.

Golf Magazine
Golf Magazine is a monthly golf magazine. One of the first "special interest" magazines of its kind, it was started in April 1959 by Arnold Abramson and Robert Abramson, the owners of Universal Publishing and Distributing Corporation, who sold it to Times Mirror in 1972. Time Inc. acquired it in 2000. It was acquired by Howard Milstein in 2018. It was the world's most widely read golf publication from August 2006 to January 2007. The magazine is for golfers of all skill levels. Some features it includes are instruction from the top 100 teachers in America, interviews with famous golfers, tips on the best values for golf courses to go to on vacation, and an annual club test.
SC Korosten
FC Korosten (Ukrainian: ФК Коростень) is a Ukrainian amateur football club based in the town of Korosten in Zhytomyrska oblast. The club was participating in Ukrainian Second League. It was founded in 2001 on the base of sports school Lokomotyv that is part of the Physical Culture and Sports Association Ukrayina.

After not arriving for their 22nd-round game against Veres Rivne in the 2008–09 season the PFL expelled FC Korosten from the professional leagues. The club became the first one to be expelled officially. In 2009 the club was dissolved. In 2010 it was recreated on the base of own youth football club Korosten as Sports Club Korosten.

Ukrainian Second League
The Ukrainian Second League (Ukrainian: Друга ліга, Druha Liha) is a professional football league in Ukraine which is part of the Professional Football League of Ukraine, a collective member of the Ukrainian Association of Football. As the third tier it was established in 1992 as the Transitional League and changed its name the next season.

The league is lower than the Ukrainian First League (Persha Liha) and the lowest level of professional football competitions in the country. Since 1996 the league, after being merged with its lower tier (in 1992–1995 there was the Third League), consists of two main regions roughly north-west and south-east. The league's relegated teams lose their professional status and return to their regional associations.
The Silent Baron
The Silent Baron is a 2021 Nigerian action drama film produced and directed by Ifeanyi Ukaeru and Richard Omos Iboyi in collaboration with the National Drug Law Enforcement Agency under the production company of Ekwe Nche Entertainment Limited  to celebrate the United Nations Day Against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking. The film stars Ejike Asiegbu, Sani Muazu, Ngozi Nwosu, Nancy Isime, Enyinna Nwigwe, Anthony Munjaro, and Doris Ifeka.

National Drug Law Enforcement Agency
The National Drug Law Enforcement Agency (NDLEA) is a federal law enforcement agency in Nigeria under the Federal Ministry of Justice charged with eliminating the growing, processing, manufacturing, selling, exporting, and trafficking of hard drugs. The agency was established by Decree Number 48 of 1989. The NDLEA is present in international airports, seaports, and border crossings. The NDLEA also targets the leaders of narcotics and money laundering organizations.
Miguel Lopez (soccer, born 1953)
Miguel Angel López was a soccer defender who played one season in the North American Soccer League. Born in El Salvador, he played for the U.S. national team.

López graduated from San Gabriel High School and attended Whittier College, playing on the men's soccer team.

López played with the Los Angeles Aztecs of the North American Soccer League in 1976.  He earned his cap in a 3–0 loss to Mexico on September 27, 1977.  Don Droege replaced him in the 62nd minute.  López also played for South Bay United and United Armenians, both of the Greater Los Angeles Soccer League.  He also played for the Los Angeles Skyhawks in the American Soccer League.

Los Angeles Aztecs
The Los Angeles Aztecs were an American professional soccer team based in Los Angeles, California, that existed from 1974 to 1981. The Aztecs competed in the North American Soccer League (NASL) from 1974 to 1981 as well as the 1975 NASL Indoor tournament, the 1979–80 and 1980–81 NASL Indoor seasons, and won the NASL Championship in 1974. During their eight years of existence, the Aztecs played at four different venues and were controlled by four different ownership groups. European soccer legends George Best and Johan Cruyff played for the team, and from 1975 to 1977 English singer Elton John was a part-owner.
Charles McPhee
Charles Lambert McPhee (April 24, 1962 – May 8, 2011) was a researcher, author, and nationally syndicated talk radio host.  On his call-in program, "The Dream Doctor Show", which began in 2000, he interpreted dreams for people.  He was a nephew of best-selling author John McPhee.

John McPhee
John Angus McPhee (born March 8, 1931) is an American author. He is considered one of the pioneers of creative nonfiction. He is a four-time finalist for the Pulitzer Prize in the category General Nonfiction, and he won that award on the fourth occasion in 1999 for Annals of the Former World (a collection of five books, including two of his previous Pulitzer finalists). In 2008, he received the George Polk Career Award for his "indelible mark on American journalism during his nearly half-century career". Since 1974, McPhee has been the Ferris Professor of Journalism at Princeton University.
Top Gear series 3
Series 3 of Top Gear, a British motoring magazine and factual television programme, was broadcast in the United Kingdom on BBC Two during 2003, consisting of nine episodes between 26 October and 28 December; a compilation episode featuring the best moments of the series, titled "Best of Top Gear", was aired on 4 January 2004.

This series saw racing driver Ben Collins replace Perry McCarthy - which included a change of clothing to create White Stig - with McCarthy performing his last role in the first episode. It is also notable for a feature involving the fourth generation Toyota Hilux being put through a series of destructive tests of its engineering strength; this later garnered criticism from a local council for the damage it caused during filming of the segment. For this series the insider dealing segment seen in the first two series dropped with further emphasis placed on challenge segments.

Factual television
Factual television is a genre of non-fiction television programming that documents actual events and people. These types of programs are also described as observational documentary, fly on the wall, docudrama, and reality television. The genre has existed in some form or another since the early years of television, although the term factual television has especially been used to describe programs produced since the 1990s. The term is especially used in the United Kingdom, Australia and New Zealand.
Valdenor dos Santos
Valdenor Pereira dos Santos (born 21 December 1969) is a Brazilian former long-distance runner.

Born in São Raimundo Nonato, dos Santos started running professionally at the age of 15. He featured in four editions of the World Championships during the 1990s but never in the Olympics, coming closest in 1996 when he seemed to be in the team for Atlanta, only for a change in the qualification rules to then rule him out.

An 11-time national champion in long-distance events, dos Santos completed the 5,000 & 10,000 metres double at the 1991 South American Championships. His successes in road race events include back to back wins at the Gasparilla Distance Classic in Tampa. He won a silver medal for Brazil in the 10,000 metres at the 1995 Pan American Games and also that year ran the Carlsbad 5000 race in 13:30 to set a South American record in the 5 km which still stands. He is a former South American record holder for the 15 km.

Gasparilla Distance Classic
The Gasparilla Distance Classic is a road race which is held in late February or early March on Bayshore Boulevard in Tampa, Florida. Over 30,000 competitors participate each year. It is named after the Gasparilla Pirate Festival, which takes place on Tampa's Bayshore Boulevard a few weeks earlier.
Polygalacturonate 4-alpha-galacturonosyltransferase
In enzymology, a polygalacturonate 4-alpha-galacturonosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.43) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

UDP-D-galacturonate + (1,4-alpha-D-galacturonosyl)n  UDP + (1,4-alpha-D-galacturonosyl)n+1

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are UDP-D-galacturonate and (1,4-alpha-D-galacturonosyl)n, whereas its two products are UDP and (1,4-alpha-D-galacturonosyl)n+1.

This enzyme belongs to the family of glycosyltransferases, specifically the hexosyltransferases.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is UDP-D-galacturonate:1,4-alpha-poly-D-galacturonate 4-alpha-D-galacturonosyltransferase. Other names in common use include UDP galacturonate-polygalacturonate alpha-galacturonosyltransferase, uridine diphosphogalacturonate-polygalacturonate, and alpha-galacturonosyltransferase.  This enzyme participates in starch and sucrose metabolism and nucleotide sugars metabolism.

Uridine diphosphate
Uridine diphosphate, abbreviated UDP, is an organic compound. It is an ester of pyrophosphoric acid with the nucleoside uridine. UDP consists of the pyrophosphate group, the pentose sugar ribose, and the nucleobase uracil.

UDP is an important factor in glycogenesis. Before glucose can be stored as glycogen in the liver and muscles, the enzyme UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase forms a UDP-glucose unit by combining glucose 1-phosphate with uridine triphosphate, cleaving a pyrophosphate ion in the process. Then, the enzyme glycogen synthase combines UDP-glucose units to form a glycogen chain. The UDP molecule is cleaved from the glucose ring during this process and can be reused by UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase.
Freshlyground
Freshlyground is an Afro-fusion pop band formed in Cape Town, South Africa, in 2002. Freshlyground is best known for writing, performing and playing the instrumentals of the afrofusion and soca single "Waka Waka (This Time for Africa)"  alongside Colombian singer Shakira, which received worldwide recognition. The music video featuring the group has achieved over 4.2 billion views on YouTube, which has resulted in it becoming one of the most-viewed videos on the platform. After a five-year hiatus, Freshlyground announced their return in late 2024 with new lead vocalist Mbali Makhoba.

Soca music
Soca music, or the "soul of calypso", is a genre of music that originated in Trinidad and Tobago in the 1970s. It is considered an offshoot of calypso, with influences from Afro-Trinidadian and Indo-Trinidadian rhythms. It was created by Ras Shorty I (or Lord Shorty) in an effort to revive traditional calypso, the popularity of which had been declining amongst younger generations in Trinidad due to the rise in popularity of reggae from Jamaica and soul and funk from the United States. From the 1980s onward, soca has developed into a range of new styles.
Mia Bitsch
Mia Bitsch (born 12 January 2004) is a German karateka. She is a two-time gold medalist in the women's 55 kg event at the European Karate Championships (2024 and 2025). She is also a two-time gold medalist in the women's team kumite event.

Bitsch won the gold medal in the women's 55 kg event at the 2024 European Karate Championships held in Zadar, Croatia. She also won the gold medal in the women's 55 kg event at the 2025 European Karate Championships held in Yerevan, Armenia. She defeated Jennifer Warling of Luxembourg in her gold medal match.

Bitsch won the gold medal in the women's 55 kg event at the 2025 World Games held in Chengdu, China. She defeated Anzhelika Terliuga of Ukraine in her gold medal match.

Jennifer Warling
Jennifer Warling (born 25 March 1994) is a karateka from Luxembourg. She is a four-time medalist, including gold, in the women's kumite 55 kg event at the European Karate Championships. She is also a two-time bronze medalist in her event at the European Games (2019 and 2023).
2013 Malaysian Open – Singles
Hsieh Su-wei was the defending champion, but she lost in the quarterfinals to Bethanie Mattek-Sands. Karolína Plíšková defeated Mattek-Sands in the final, 1–6, 7–5, 6–3, to claim her first WTA singles title.

Karolína Plíšková
Karolína Plíšková (Czech pronunciation: [ˈkaroliːna ˈpliːʃkovaː]; born 21 March 1992) is a Czech professional tennis player. She has been ranked as the world No. 1 in women's singles by the WTA, and at world No. 11 in doubles. She is a two-time Grand Slam finalist at the 2016 US Open and at 2021 Wimbledon. Plíšková has won 17 singles and five doubles titles on the WTA Tour,

As a junior, Plíšková won the 2010 Australian Open girls' singles title. Playing for the Czech Republic in Billie Jean King Cup competition, she has scored a win-loss record of 15–8 (as of September 2024). She is known for her powerful serve and forehand.
Frederik Børgesen
Fredrik Christian Emil Børgesen (1 January 1866 in Copenhagen – 22 March 1956 in Frederiksberg) was a Danish botanist and phycologist. He graduated in botany from the University of Copenhagen and was subsequently employed as an assistant at the Botanical Museum (1893–1900). His doctoral thesis dealt with the marine algae of the Faroe Islands (1904). Later, he became  librarian at the Library of the Botanical Garden (1900–1935).

Børgesen made investigations of marine algae e.g. around India, Mauritius, the Canary Islands and the Antilles.

Many species have been named to his honour, e.g. Coccoloba borgesenii (Polygonaceae) and numerous algae, e.g. Hypnea boergesenii (Hypneaceae) and Padina boergesenii (Phaeophyceae).

University of Copenhagen Botanical Garden
The University of Copenhagen Botanical Garden (Danish: Botanisk have), usually referred to simply as Copenhagen Botanical Garden, is a botanical garden located in the centre of Copenhagen, Denmark. It covers an area of 10 hectares and is particularly noted for its extensive complex of historical glasshouses dating from 1874.

The garden is part of the Natural History Museum of Denmark, which is itself part of the University of Copenhagen Faculty of Science. It serves both research, educational and recreational purposes.

The identification code of the University of Copenhagen Botanical Garden as a member of the Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI), as well as the initials of its herbarium is C.
Japan National Route 105
National Route 105 (国道105号, Kokudō Hyaku gogō) is a national highway of Japan that traverses the prefecture of Akita in a southwest–northeast routing. It connects the city of Kitaakita in north-central Akita Prefecture and Yurihonjō on the prefecture's southwestern coast. It has a total length of 170.0 kilometers (105.6 mi).

Takanosu, Akita
Takanosu (鷹巣町, Takanosu-machi) was a town located in Kitaakita District, Akita Prefecture, Japan.

In 2003, the town had an estimated population of 20,962 and a density of 64.31 persons per km2. The total area was 325.97 km2.

On March 22, 2005, Takanosu, along with the towns of Aikawa, Ani and Moriyoshi (all from Kitaakita District) merged to create the city of Kitaakita.
Yaña imlâ alphabet
Yaña imlâ (Tatar: яңа имлә, yaña imlä, ياڭا ئيملە, pronounced [jʌˈŋɑ imˈlʲæ]; lit. 'new orthography') was a modified Arabic script that was in use for the Tatar language between 1920 and 1927. The orthographical reform modified İske imlâ, including abolishing homophonic letters and adding letters for short vowels e, ı, ö, o. Yaña imlâ made use of a "backness sign" ⟨ࢭ⟩ to indicate vowel harmony.

There were some projects that were to simplify Yaña imlâ too. The unique separated Arabic was invented (so as to use typewriters).

As early as in 1924 the first projects of Latin script were introduced and in 1928 the government switched to the Latin Yañalif alphabet.

Back vowel
Back vowels are vowel sounds articulated with the primary tongue constriction (the highest point of the tongue body) located toward the back of the oral cavity, near the velum (or in some cases further back in the vocal tract toward the pharynx), relative to front and central vowels.

Back vowels are common across languages. In the PHOIBLE 2.0 convenience sample of phonological inventories, [u] and [o] are among the most frequently listed vowel segments, occurring in 88% and 60% of inventories in the sample, respectively. Back vowels are often, but not always, rounded: cross-linguistically, non-low back vowels are commonly rounded (e.g. [u o]), while low vowels are often unrounded; front rounded vowels and back unrounded vowels also occur, but are less common.
Sara Murray
Sara Murray OBE born 2 November 1968, is a British entrepreneur and businesswoman who founded buddi ltd, a miniaturised tracking device for vulnerable people. She was a member of the British Government’s Technology Strategy Board

Innovate UK
Innovate UK is a council of UK Research and Innovation (UKRI), a non-departmental public body sponsored by the Department for Science, Innovation and Technology, responsible for funding and supporting organisations to make new products and services.