hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Captivity (animal)
Animal captivity is the confinement of domestic and wild animals. More specifically, animals that are held by humans and prevented from escaping are said to be in captivity. The term animal captivity is usually applied to wild animals that are held in confinement, but this term may also be used generally to describe the keeping of domesticated animals such as livestock or pets. This may include, for example, animals in farms, private homes, zoos, aquariums, public aquariums and laboratories. Animal captivity may be categorized according to the particular motives, objectives, and conditions of the confinement.

Public aquarium
A public aquarium (pl. aquaria; or public water zoo) is the aquatic equivalent of a zoo, which houses living aquatic animal and plant specimens for public viewing. Most public aquariums feature tanks larger than those kept by home aquarists, as well as smaller tanks.

Since the first public aquariums were built in the mid-19th century, they have become popular and their numbers have increased. Most modern accredited aquariums stress conservation issues and educating the public.
Moiseraele Goya
Moiseraele Master Goya is a Motswana politician who served on the Pan-African Parliament and Parliament of Botswana representing Palapye from about 2010 to 2013, as well as formerly serving as the Assistant Minister of Basic Education at the Ministry of Education and Skills Development (after transferring from the Ministry of Trade and Investment). He was a part of the Botswana Democratic Party until resigning in 2021.

Palapye
Palapye is a growing town in Botswana, situated about halfway between Francistown and Gaborone (170 km (106 mi) from Francistown and 240 km (149 mi) from Gaborone). Over the years its position has made it a convenient stopover on one of Southern Africa's principal north–south rail and road routes.

Located here is the Morupule Colliery, which supplies Morupule Power Station, Botswana's principal domestic source of electricity. The power station has undertaken an expansion project to increase its generation capacity in an effort to meet the country's increasing demand for electricity. Construction began in 2010. As of May 2021, Morupule A plant produces 132 MW of electricity, while Morupule B produces 600 MW.

In 1997 Palapye was said to be the fastest-growing village in Africa, and was expected to expand its population from 30,000 to 180,000.
Pargat Singh
Pargat Singh (born 5 March 1965) is a hockey player turned politician in India and belongs to the Indian National Congress in Punjab. He is a former Indian hockey player and his playing position was full back. He captained Indian men's hockey team at 1992 Barcelona Olympics and 1996 Atlanta Olympics. He has worked as an SP with Punjab police before taking a plunge into politics.

Shiromani Akali Dal
The Shiromani Akali Dal (SAD) (translation: Supreme Eternal Party) is a centre-right Sikh-centric state political party in Punjab, India. The party is the second-oldest in India, after Congress, being founded in 1920. Although there are many parties with the description Akali Dal, the party that is recognised as "Shiromani Akali Dal" by the Election Commission of India is the one led by Sukhbir Singh Badal. The party has a moderate Punjabi agenda. On 26 September 2020, it left the National Democratic Alliance over the farm bills.
Susan Swartz
Susan Swartz is an American visual artist, environmental and health activist, and documentary film producer. She is known for her abstract landscapes and mixed-media works that explore the relationship between nature, color, and spirituality. She lives and works in Park City, Utah, and Martha’s Vineyard, Massachusetts. Her work is featured, among other places, at Park City gallery, Susan Swartz Studios.

National Museum of Women in the Arts
The National Museum of Women in the Arts (NMWA), located in Washington, D.C., is "the first museum in the world solely dedicated" to championing women through the arts. NMWA was incorporated in 1981 by Wallace and Wilhelmina Holladay. Since opening in 1987, the museum has acquired a collection of more than 6,000 works by more than 1,000 artists, ranging from the 16th century to today. The collection includes works by Mary Cassatt, Alma Woodsey Thomas, Élisabeth Louise Vigée-LeBrun, and Amy Sherald. NMWA also holds the only painting by Frida Kahlo in Washington, D.C., Self-Portrait Dedicated to Leon Trotsky.

The museum occupies the old Masonic Temple, a building listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places. In 2021 the museum temporarily closed to undergo a $66 million transformative renovation. The museum reopened to the public on October 21, 2023.
Over the Rainbow (organization)
Over The Rainbow (Traditional Chinese: 站出彩虹) is a non-profit organization in Hong Kong established by Anthony Man Ho Fung and a small group registered social workers in 1998. They aimed at supporting families of lesbian and gay in Hong Kong which is aligned to the one of PFLAG. Over The Rainbow is the first organization of its kind in South East Asia.

In the past few years, Over The Rainbow held various types activities like seminar, interview, workshop. In 2003 and 2005, it had organized a debate event with The Family Planning Association of Hong Kong and provided articles for the sex education website of the association.

Seminar
A seminar is a form of academic instruction, either at an academic institution or offered by a commercial or professional organization. It has the function of bringing together small groups for recurring meetings, focusing each time on some particular subject, in which everyone present is requested to participate. This is often accomplished through an ongoing Socratic dialogue with a seminar leader or instructor, or through a more formal presentation of research. It is essentially a place where assigned readings are discussed, questions can be raised and debates can be conducted.
Štěpán Tesařík
Štěpán Tesařík (born 6 July 1978 in Prague) is a Czech athlete who specializes in the 400 metres hurdles.

He finished sixth at the 2002 European Championships. In 4 × 400 metres relay he won the gold medal at the 2000 European Indoor Championships and finished fourth at the 2002 European Championships.

His personal best 400 metres hurdles time is 49.09 seconds, achieved in August 2003 in Szombathely.

Štěpán Tesařík is a grandson of World War II hero Richard Tesařík.

2000 European Athletics Indoor Championships
The 2000 European Athletics Indoor Championships were held from Friday, 25 February to Sunday, 27 February 2000 in Ghent, Belgium. This edition marked the return of relay races to European Indoor Championships, having been held for the last time in 1975.
François Tétaz
François "Franç" Tétaz (born 22 December 1970) is an Australian film composer, music producer and mixer, who won the Australasian Performing Right Association (APRA) / Australian Guild of Screen Composers (AGSC) 2006 'Feature Film Score of the Year' Award for Wolf Creek (2005).

As a producer he has worked with Gotye, Kimbra, Architecture in Helsinki, Sally Seltmann, Lior and Bertie Blackman. He won an ARIA for his work on Gotye's Making Mirrors album in 2011. He wrote, produced or mixed 7 songs in the triple j Hottest 100 for 2011.

Franc won the Grammy Award for Record of the Year at the 55th annual Grammy Awards for "Somebody That I Used to Know"  (Gotye, featuring Kimbra) in 2013.  The record was produced by Wally De Backer (Gotye) and engineered and mixed by Wally and Franc.  The song also won the Grammy Award for Best Pop Duo/Group Performance as performed by Gotye and Kimbra, and the Making Mirrors album took home the Grammy Award for Best Alternative Music Album.

Grammy Award for Best Alternative Music Album
The Grammy Award for Best Alternative Music Album is an award presented to recording artists for quality albums in the alternative genre at the Grammy Awards, a ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards. Honors in several categories are presented at the ceremony annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States to "honor artistic achievement, technical proficiency and overall excellence in the recording industry, without regard to album sales or chart position". In 2023, it was joined by a companion category, Best Alternative Music Performance.
Jan Čermák
Jan Čermák (born 8 July 1962) is a Czech linguist, literary scholar, and translator. Since 2022, he has been the Vice-dean of the Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague.

Čermák's research is focused on the history of English, with particular interests in Old and Early Middle English morphology and morphonology, word-formation and literary language. He is a specialist in Old and Middle English literature, with particular interests in heroic poetry, romance and the Alliterative Revival. He also wrote a book on the Finnish Kalevala.

His translations from Old English into Czech include Beowulf, The Exodus, The Dream of the Rood, The Rune Poem and a selection of the Anglo-Saxon laws.

In 2003, he won the Josef Jungmann Award for his translation of Beowulf into Czech, and in 2017, he was awarded the Order of the Lion of Finland.

Literary theory
Literary theory is the systematic study of the nature of literature and of the methods for literary analysis. Since the 19th century, literary scholarship includes literary theory and considerations of intellectual history, moral philosophy, social philosophy, and interdisciplinary themes relevant to how people interpret meaning. In the humanities in modern academia, the latter style of literary scholarship is an offshoot of post-structuralism. Consequently, the word theory became an umbrella term for scholarly approaches to reading texts, some of which are informed by strands of semiotics, cultural studies, philosophy of language, and continental philosophy, often witnessed within Western canon along with some postmodernist theory.
Ferranti Park
Ferranti Park is a small - 0.29 hectares (0.72 acres) - urban park in Deptford, southeast London, situated on the west side of Creekside, approximately 100m west of Deptford Creek in the London Borough of Lewisham. Adjacent to the Sue Godfrey Nature Park, the park was named after Sebastian Ferranti, designer of the nearby Deptford East Power Station, demolished and redeveloped in the 1990s.

Created on previously derelict land in the early 2000s, the park was designed by The Landscape Partnership, and includes a shelter, a play area, and artworks designed in collaboration with local artists and incorporated into perimeter walls. The park won the Urban Greenspace category in the Local Government News Awards 2005. The park has achieved Keep Britain Tidy Green Flag status.

Paths connect directly into Sue Godfrey Nature Park, with new footways laid from Ferranti Park towards the centre of the reserve in 2022–24 to improve access.

London Borough of Lewisham
Lewisham (/ˈluːɪʃəm/ ⓘ LOO-ish-əm) is a London borough in south-east London, England. It forms part of Inner London. The principal settlement of the borough is Lewisham. The local authority is Lewisham London Borough Council, based in Catford. The Prime Meridian passes through Lewisham. Blackheath, Goldsmiths, University of London and Millwall F.C. are located within the borough.
Green Card Fever
Green Card Fever is a 2003 Indian-American independent film written and directed by Bala Rajasekharuni. The film starred Deep Katdare and Purva Bedi.
The film was distributed by Net Effect Media and released worldwide following a series of film festival runs. The film was entirely shot in Columbus, Ohio.
 The film was screened at the Reelworld Film Festival. The film was nominated for "Best Political Film of 2003" in the "Exposé" category by the Political Film Society.

Reelworld Film Festival
The Reelworld Film Festival, founded in 2001 by Tonya Williams, is held annually in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The festival screens film and provides professional development for Canadian racially diverse and indigenous filmmakers and media artists.
Winternitz
Winternitz is a surname of Jewish origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Adolfo Winternitz (1906–1993), Austrian-Peruvian Jewish painter

Emanuel Winternitz (1898–1983) Austrian-American curator

Jill Winternitz (born 1986/1987), American actress

Moriz Winternitz (1863–1937), Austrian Jewish indologist

Moshe Dovid Winternitz (1855–1944), Hungarian rabbi

Pavel Winternitz (born 1936), Czech-Canadian mathematical physicist

Roland Winters, born Roland Winternitz (1904–1989), American actor

Wilhelm Winternitz (1834–1917), Austrian balneologist

Wilhelm Winternitz
Wilhelm Winternitz (1 March 1835, Josefov (Jaroměř) Josefstadt (now a part of Jaroměř, Okres Náchod), Bohemia – 22 February 1917, Vienna) was a Czech-Austrian Jewish physician and hydropathist. He was an influential neurologist and hydropathist who at the time was commonly characterized as "the father of scientific hydrotherapy".
Angle of Repose
Angle of Repose is a 1971 novel by Wallace Stegner about a wheelchair-using historian, Lyman Ward, who has lost connection with his son and living family and decides to write about his frontier-era grandparents. It won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1972. The novel is directly based on the letters of Mary Hallock Foote, later published as A Victorian Gentlewoman in the Far West.

Stegner's use of substantial passages from Foote's actual letters as the correspondence of his fictional character Susan Burling Ward was and remains controversial among some scholars. While Stegner's defenders have claimed that he had received permission to use Foote's writings, as the book's acknowledgments page implies, others point out that he secured that permission only after falsely claiming that his novel would not use any direct quotations.

In 1998, the Modern Library ranked Angle of Repose #82 on its list of the 100 best English-language novels of the 20th century.

Pulitzer Prize for Fiction
The Pulitzer Prize for Fiction is one of the seven American Pulitzer Prizes that are annually awarded for Letters, Drama, and Music. It recognizes distinguished fiction by an American author, preferably dealing with American life, published during the preceding calendar year.

As the Pulitzer Prize for the Novel (awarded 1918–1947), it was one of the original Pulitzers; the program was inaugurated in 1917 with seven prizes, four of which were awarded that year (no Novel prize was awarded in 1917, the first one having been granted in 1918).

The name was changed to the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1948 and eligibility was expanded to the broader "distinguished fiction published in book form". The Advisory Board wanted to give the award to James A. Michener's Tales of the South Pacific, which required expanding the category criteria and lifting the ban on short stories.

Finalists have been announced since 1980, usually a total of three.
1971 Buckeye Tennis Championships
The 1971 Buckeye Tennis Championships, als known as the Buckeye Open, was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the Buckeye Boys Ranch in Grove City, Columbus, Ohio in the United States that was part of Group D of the 1971 Grand Prix circuit. It was the second edition of the tournament and was held  from July 26 through August 1, 1971. Second-seeded Tom Gorman won the singles title and earned $5,000 first-prize money as well as 15 ranking points.

Jimmy Connors
James Scott Connors (born September 2, 1952) is an American former professional tennis player as well as an author, a tennis commentator, and a coach. He was ranked as the world No. 1 in men's singles by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for 268 weeks (fifth-most of all time), and finished as the year-end No. 1 five times. Known for his fiery competitiveness, Connors holds three prominent Open Era men's singles records: 109 titles, 1,557 matches played, and 1,274 match wins. His titles include eight singles majors (an Open Era joint-record five US Opens, two Wimbledons, one Australian Open) and three year-end championships. In 1974, he became the second man in the Open Era to win three major titles in a calendar year; he was not permitted to participate in the fourth, the French Open. His playing career ended in 1996.
Samoana ganymedes
Samoana ganymedes, common name the "Polynesian tree snail", is a species of tropical, air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial, pulmonate, gastropod mollusc in the family Partulidae. This species is endemic to Tahuata and Hiva Oa, Marquesas Islands, French Polynesia.

Tahuata
Tahuata is the smallest of the inhabited Marquesas Islands, in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the Pacific Ocean. It is located 4 km (2.5 mi.) to the south of the western end of Hiva Oa, across the Canal du Bordelais, called Ha‘ava in Marquesan.
Mis tres Marías
Mis tres Marías  (English title: My Three Daughters) is a Peruvian telenovela, produced and broadcast by América Televisión in 2016. The show is produced by Michelle Alexander and stars Andrea Montenegro, David Villanueva, Maria Grazia Gamarra, Silvana Canote, Zoe Arevalo, Vanessa Saba, Paul Martin, Karina Jordan, and Rebecca Raez. Ricky Tosso starred in the show as one of the series' antagonists, Gaspar, but had to take a leave of absence due to health issues. His role was later recast with Óscar Carrillo. In July 2016 the show was the highest rated telenovela in Peru.

One of the actors in the show, Vanessa Saba, has commented that she feels that the show has a "lot of heart".

Ricky Tosso
Ricardo "Ricky" Tosso Febres (February 21, 1960 – September 11, 2016) was a Peruvian actor born in Arequipa.

He started acting when he was 4 years old and appeared on many Peruvian TV shows during his career. He is the son of Ricardo Tosso, a well-known Peruvian actor and Angélica Febres.

His TV program Teatro desde el Teatro has become a classic of Peruvian television. In 2010 he appeared in the play El Enfermo Imaginario. On 11 September 2016, he died at the age of 56 from cancer.
Locascio
Locascio is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

A.J. LoCascio (born 1987), American actor

Brian Locascio (born 1973), American Advertising Creative Executive

Frank LoCascio (1932–2021), American mobster
Salvatore LoCascio (born 1958), American mobster

John LoCascio (born 1991), American lacrosse player

Laurie E. Locascio (born 1961), American biomedical engineer

Peter LoCascio (1916–1997), American mobster

Robert LoCascio (born 1968), American businessman

Sal LoCascio (born 1967), American lacrosse player

A. J. LoCascio
A. J. LoCascio (born July 11, 1987) is an American actor and director. He is known for his roles as Prince Lotor in Voltron: Legendary Defender, Marty McFly in Back to the Future: The Game and Gambit in X-Men '97.
Nepenthes bracteosa
Nepenthes bracteosa is a tropical pitcher plant endemic to Nakhon Si Thammarat province in Thailand. Nepenthes bracteosa differs from the closely allied Nepenthes krabiensis by its shorter stem, filiform spur that are branched, the presence of axillary bud in 2-3 axils in the upper part of the flowering plant, presence of fringed wing in the upper pitcher, lid apex that are occasionally indurate and emarginate, presence of bracts on solitary flowers for both male and female inflorescences, short androphore, and 8-13 anther sacs (15-20 anther sacs in N. krabiensis).

Pitcher plant
Pitcher plants are  carnivorous plants that have modified leaves known as pitfall traps—prey-trapping mechanisms featuring a deep cavity filled with digestive liquid. The traps of what are considered to be "true" pitcher plants are formed by specialized leaves. The plants attract and drown the prey with nectar.
Oliver Starkey
Sir Oliver Starkey (c.1523-1583/1586), was an English knight who lived in the 16th century. He was the only English knight present at the siege of Malta. It was wrongly assumed that he was buried in the crypt of St. John's Co-Cathedral in Valletta. The tombstone with his name on it contains only a poem written by Oliver Starkey for Grand Master Jean de La Valette. The Poem reads, in translation:'To God, Supreme, Almighty, Sacrosanct. He [La Valette] was the dread of Asia and Libya and once the guardian of Europe, after he had subdued the Turks by means of his Sacred Arms, the first one to lie buried in the grave, here in this propitious city of Valletta which he founded, worthy of eternal honour. Fra. Oliver Starkey, Pro-Turcopolier, wrote [this] poem.'

He was MP for St Alban's in April and November 1554.

Crypt
A crypt (from Ancient Greek  κρύπτη (kryptē) crypta 'vault') is a stone chamber beneath the floor of a church, above ground within a cemetery’s mausoleum or a free-standing outdoor memorial tomb. It typically contains coffins, sarcophagi, or religious relics and sometimes cremation urns.

Originally, crypts were typically found below the main apse of a church, such as at the Abbey of Saint-Germain en Auxerre, but were later located beneath chancel, naves and transepts as well. Occasionally churches were raised high to accommodate a crypt at the ground level, such as St Michael's Church in Hildesheim, Germany.
Darfur genocide (2023–present)
The Darfur genocide, also known as the second Darfur genocide, is an ongoing series of persecutions and mass killings of non-Arabs in Darfur carried out by the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) and its allies during the Sudanese civil war. The genocidal campaign started on 15 April 2023 in conjunction with civil war between the RSF and Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF). The RSF and allied militias began committing organized massacres of non-Arab civilians in all states of Darfur, with the largest occurring throughout 2023 against the Masalit people in the area of Geneina, West Darfur. The genocide has been recognized by Genocide Watch, the government of the United States, and American academic Eric Reeves.

West Darfur
West Darfur State (Arabic: ولاية غرب دارفور Wilāyat Ḡarb Dārfūr), historically Dar Masalit (Arabic: دار مساليت), is one of the states of Sudan, and one of five comprising the Darfur region. Prior to the creation of two new states in January 2012, it had an area of 79,460 km² and an estimated population of approximately 1,775,945 in 2018. It borders North and Central Darfur to the east. The Chadian prefectures of Biltine and Ouaddaï lie to the west, while to the north is the prefecture of Bourkou-Ennedi-Tibesti. Al-Junaynah is the capital of the state. West Darfur has been the site of much of the Darfur conflict.

During the 2023 Sudan conflict, ethnic violence has been rampant across the region. This has included several Masalit massacres.
House centipede
A number of different centipede species in the family Scutigeridae are known as the house centipede, including:

Scutigera coleoptrata, originally from the Mediterranean region, but now found almost worldwide

Allothereua maculata, endemic to Australia

Scutigera coleoptrata
Scutigera coleoptrata, also known as the house-centipede, is a species of centipede that is typically yellowish-gray and has up to 15 pairs of long legs. Originating in the Mediterranean region, it has spread to other parts of the world, where it frequently lives in and around human homes. It is an insectivore, preying on insects and arachnids by envenomating them. Their venom is not dangerous to humans.
Canton of Argonne Suippe et Vesle
The canton of Argonne Suippe et Vesle is an administrative division of the Marne department, northeastern France. It was created at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Sainte-Menehould.

It consists of the following communes:

Marne (department)
Marne (French pronunciation: [maʁn]) is a department in the Grand Est region of France. It is named after the river Marne which flows through it.  The prefecture (capital) of Marne is Châlons-en-Champagne (formerly known as Châlons-sur-Marne). The subprefectures are Épernay, Reims, and Vitry-le-François. It had a population of 566,855 in 2019.

The Champagne vineyards producing the eponymous sparkling wine are in Marne.