hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Navin Stewart
Navin Derrick Stewart (born 13 June 1983) is a Tobagonian first-class cricketer, who plays for Trinidad and Tobago national cricket team. He also played for Guyana Amazon Warriors in 2014, and for Barbados Tridents in the 2015 Caribbean Premier League. In June 2021, he was selected to take part in the Minor League Cricket tournament in the United States following the players' draft.

Caribbean Premier League
The Caribbean Premier League (abbreviated to CPL or CPLT20) is an annual Twenty20 cricket tournament held in the Caribbean. It was founded by Cricket West Indies in 2013 to replace the Caribbean Twenty20 as the premier Twenty20 competition in the Caribbean. It is currently sponsored by Republic Bank Limited and consequently officially named the Republic Bank CPL. The inaugural tournament was won by the Jamaica Tallawahs who defeated the Guyana Amazon Warriors in the final.
Hermann R. Fehland
Hermann Reinhold Fehland (September 21, 1856 – January 14, 1907) was an American politician and businessman.

Born in the province of Brandenburg, Kingdom of Prussia, Fehland emigrated with his parents at six months old to the United States and settled in Mayville, Wisconsin. Fehland was involved with the hardware business. He then moved to Merrill, Wisconsin and continued to work in the hardware business: the H. R. Fehland & Company. Fehland was also involved with the National Bank of Merrill. Fehland served on the Merrill Common Council and as mayor of Merrill. He also served as county clerk for Lincoln County, Wisconsin. In 1887, Fehland served in the Wisconsin State Assembly and was a Democrat. Fehland died in Merrill, Wisconsin.

Lincoln County, Wisconsin
Lincoln County is a county located in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 28,415. Its county seat is Merrill. The county was created in 1875 and named after President Abraham Lincoln. Lincoln County comprises the Merrill, WI Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Wausau-Stevens Point-Wisconsin Rapids, WI Combined Statistical Area.
Jack Stephens (footballer)
Jack Stephens (born 27 January 1994) is an English professional footballer who plays as a defender for and captains EFL Championship club Southampton.

Born in Torpoint, Stephens began his career as a youth player with Plymouth Argyle, remaining with the club as a professional until he joined Southampton in 2011. Stephens had loan spells with Swindon Town, Middlesbrough and Coventry City before making his league debut with Southampton in January 2017. He spent the 2022–23 season on loan at Bournemouth.

Although starting his career as a right back, Stephens has been converted into a centre back. He can also operate as a left back, or in a defensive midfielder role, and has played internationally for the England under-18, under-19, under-20 and under-21 sides.

England national under-20 football team
England national under-20 football team, also known as England Under-20s or England U20(s), represents England in association football at an under-20 age level and is controlled by the Football Association, the governing body for football in England.

England were champions of the FIFA U-20 World Cup, after defeating Venezuela in the final of the 2017 tournament.

From October 2023, the squad was rebranded as the England Men's Elite League Squad to reflect their participation in the Under 20 Elite League. This reverted back to England U20s in August 2025.
Athletics at the 2008 Summer Paralympics – Women's shot put F57–58
The women's shot put F57/58 event at the 2008 Summer Paralympics took place at the Beijing National Stadium at 17:00 on 9 September.
There was a single round of competition; after the first three throws, only the top eight had 3 further throws.
The competition was won by Eucharia Njideka Iyiazi, representing  Nigeria.

Beijing National Stadium
The National Stadium (国家体育场, Guójiā Tǐyùchǎng), a.k.a. the Bird's Nest (鸟巢), is a stadium at Olympic Green in Chaoyang, Beijing, China. The National Stadium, covering an area of 204,000 square meters with an 80,000 person capacity (91,000 with temporary seating), broke ground in December 2003, officially started construction in March 2004, and was completed in June 2008.

The National Stadium is owned and operated by a partnership company between Beijing Municipal State-owned Assets Management Co Ltd (58%) and CITIC Group (42%).

The stadium was designed for the 2008 Summer Olympics and Paralympics. It was also used during the 2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics.
The Police Serve the Citizens?
La polizia è al servizio del cittadino? (internationally released as The Police Serve the Citizens?) is a 1973 Italian giallo-poliziottesco film directed by Romolo Guerrieri. The film is set in Genova.

Romolo Guerrieri
Romolo Guerrieri, aka Romolo Girolami (born 5 December 1931) is an Italian film director and screenwriter. He directed 17 films between 1961 and 1992.

The younger brother of Marino Girolami, Guerrieri started his career as an assistant director to his brother in We Two Alone (1952). In 1966, he made his directorial debut with the spaghetti western Seven Guns for Timothy, using the stage name Rod Gilbert.
Wehshi Daku
Wehshi Daku (Punjabi) is a 1982 Pakistani, action and a drama film directed by Ali Tahir and produced by Nisar Ali Shah. Film starring actor Sultan Rahi, Musarrat Shaheen, Usman Peerzada, and Mehboob Alam, Edited by Mohammad Ashiq Ali.

Musarrat Shaheen
Musarrat Shaheen is a Pakistani actress-turned-politician from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. She is the chairwoman of the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Masawat. Apart from politics, she was a noted actress in Pashto cinema. She was the first heroine of the Pashto language cinema in Pakistan.

Some of her greatest hits include Haseena Atom Bomb, Black Cat, Bharusa, Dulhan Ek Raat Ki, Amber, Jaan Ki Bazi, Shikari and Accident. She got had a major breakthrough instantly when she started her career with the film Dulhan Ek Raat Ki released in 1975. And ever since, has been the leading actress of Pashto cinema and one of the most popular actresses of Lollywood as a whole.

Her most popular pairing in Pashto cinema was Badar Munir. They appeared in numerous films throughout the 70s, 80s and 90s.
Anna Malmhake
Anna Malmhake (born 1966) is a Swedish business executive specialised in fast-moving consumer goods and consumer technology. She is a graduate of Stockholm University, and holds a bachelor's degree in social science, business and law.

Fast-moving consumer goods
Fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) are products that are sold quickly and at a relatively low cost. Examples include non-durable household goods such as packaged foods, beverages, toiletries, candies, cosmetics, over-the-counter drugs, dry goods, and other consumables.

Fast-moving consumer goods have a high inventory turnover and are contrasted with specialty items, which have lower sales and higher inventory holding costs. Many retailers carry only FMCGs, particularly hypermarkets, big box stores, and warehouse club stores. Small convenience stores also stock fast-moving goods; the limited shelf space is filled with higher-turnover items.
Gotthard Neumann
Gotthard Arno Ernst Neumann (8 June 1902 – 29 April 1972) was a German prehistorian. Born in Schwabsdorf, Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, he served as a professor of prehistory and early history at the Friedrich Schiller University of Jena from 1934 to 1941 and from 1953 to 1967. Neumann played a major role in the development of prehistory and early history research, as well as archaeological monument preservation, in Thuringia. He died in Jena.

Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach (German: Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach) was a German state, created as a duchy in 1809 by the merger of the Ernestine duchies of Saxe-Weimar and Saxe-Eisenach, which had been in personal union since 1741. It was raised to a grand duchy in 1815 by resolution of the Congress of Vienna. In 1903, it officially changed its name to the Grand Duchy of Saxony (German: Großherzogtum Sachsen), but this name was rarely used. The grand duchy came to an end in the German Revolution of 1918–19 with the other monarchies of the German Empire. It was succeeded by the Free State of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, which was merged into the new State of Thuringia two years later.

The full grand ducal style was Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, Landgrave in Thuringia, Margrave of Meissen, Princely Count of Henneberg, Lord of Blankenhayn, Neustadt and Tautenburg.

The Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach branch has been the most genealogically senior extant branch of the House of Wettin since 1672.
13 Vendémiaire
13 Vendémiaire, Year 4 in the French Republican Calendar (5 October 1795 in the Gregorian calendar), was a battle between the French Revolutionary troops and Royalist forces in the streets of Paris. This battle was part of the establishing of a new form of government, the Directory, and it was a major factor in the rapid advancement of Republican General Napoleon Bonaparte's career.

Royalist
A royalist supports a particular monarch as head of state for a particular kingdom, or of a particular dynastic claim. In the abstract, this position is royalism. It is distinct from monarchism, which advocates a monarchical system of government, but not necessarily a particular monarch. Most often, the term royalist is applied to a supporter of a current regime or one that has been recently overthrown to form a republic.

In the United Kingdom, the term is currently almost indistinguishable from "monarchist", as there are no significant rival claimants to the throne. Conversely, in 19th-century France, a royalist might be either a Legitimist, Bonapartist, or an Orléanist, all being monarchists.
Green Gang
The Green Gang (Chinese: 青幫; pinyin: Qīng Bāng) was a Chinese secret society and criminal triad organization, which was prominent in criminal, social and political activity in Shanghai during the early to mid 20th century.

Secret society
A secret society is an organization about which the activities, events, inner functioning, membership, and sometimes also existence, are concealed. The term usually excludes covert groups, such as intelligence agencies or guerrilla warfare insurgencies, that hide their activities and memberships but maintain a public presence.

Secret societies may be community-based or associated with colleges and universities. These societies exist in countries around the world.
Notozomus rentzi
Notozomus rentzi is a species of schizomid arachnid (commonly known as short-tailed whip-scorpions) in the Hubbardiidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 1992 by Australian arachnologist Mark Harvey.

Arachnology
Arachnology (from Ancient Greek ἀράχνη (arákhnē), meaning "spider", and λόγος (lógos), meaning "study") is the scientific study of arachnids, which comprise spiders and related invertebrates such as scorpions, pseudoscorpions, harvestmen, ticks, and mites. Those who study spiders and other arachnids are arachnologists. More narrowly, the study of spiders alone (order Araneae) is known as araneology.

The word "arachnology" from Ancient Greek ἀράχνη (arákhnē), meaning "spider", and λόγος (lógos), meaning "study". The Ancient Greek word for "spider" itself refers to Arachne, the female protagonist of an ancient tale of the Greek Mythology.
Marilyn Pappas
Marilyn Pappas  (born 1931, in Brockton, Massachusetts) is an American artist known for fiber art. She attended the Massachusetts College of Art and Design (MassArt) and Pennsylvania State University. She taught at MassArt from 1974 through 1994 retiring as professor emerita. Pappas' work is in the collections of the Krannert Art Museum, the Museum of Arts and Design, NYC, the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston,  and the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Her work, Nike with Broken Wings, was acquired by the Smithsonian American Art Museum as part of the Renwick Gallery's 50th Anniversary Campaign. In 2022 the Fuller Craft Museum held a retrospective of her work.

Renwick Gallery
The Renwick Gallery is a branch of the Smithsonian American Art Museum located in Washington, D.C. that displays American craft and decorative arts from the 19th to 21st century. The gallery is housed in a National Historic Landmark building that was opened in 1859 on Pennsylvania Avenue and originally housed the Corcoran Gallery of Art. When it was built in 1859, it was called "the American Louvre", and is now named for its architect James Renwick Jr.
Twinhills Woods and Meadows
Twinhills Woods and Meadows (grid reference ST558432) is a 21.2 hectare (52.4 acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest on the Monarch's Way south of Dulcote in Somerset, notified in 1990.

Twinhills Woods and Meadows comprise a complex of ancient, semi-natural woodland, neutral and calcareous grassland with associated mature hedges and areas of shrub growth. Further interest is added by the presence of numerous butterfly species on the site. A total of 26 species have been recorded including grizzled skipper (Pyrgus malvae), white-letter hairstreak (Satyrium w-album), green-veined white (Pieris napi), brown argus (Aricia agestis), marbled white (Melangargia galthea), silver-washed fritillary (Argynnis paphia) and marsh fritillary (Eurodryas aurinia).

The site is crossed by the Monarch's Way long-distance footpath.

Melanargia galathea
Melanargia galathea, the marbled white, is a medium-sized butterfly in the family Nymphalidae.
Despite its common name and appearance, this butterfly is one of the "browns", of the subfamily Satyrinae.

This species can be found across most of Europe, southern Russia, Asia Minor and Iran. It is found in forest clearings and edges, meadows and steppe where it occurs up to 1,500–1,700 metres (4,900–5,600 ft) above sea level.
The caterpillars feed on various grasses.
Villa Latina
Villa Latina is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 120 kilometres (75 mi) southeast of Rome and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) east of Frosinone.

Province of Frosinone
The province of Frosinone (Italian: provincia di Frosinone) is a province in the Lazio region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Frosinone. It has an area of 3,247 square kilometres (1,254 sq mi) and a total population of 493,605 (2016). The province contains 91 comuni (sg.: comune), listed in the comuni of the province of Frosinone.

The province was established by royal decree on 6 December 1926 with territories belonging to the then provinces of Rome and Caserta. The areas of the then province of Caserta were the left valley of the Liri-Garigliano river, the district of Sora, the Valle di Comino, the district of Cassino, the Gulf of Formia and Gaeta, the Pontine Islands, which until then had been for centuries included in the Province called Terra di Lavoro, of the Kingdom of Naples (or of the Two Sicilies). Most of these territories were part of the ancient Latium adiectum.
Glass noodles
Glass noodles, or fensi (traditional Chinese: 粉絲; simplified Chinese: 粉丝; pinyin: fěnsī; lit. 'flour thread'), sometimes called cellophane noodles, are a type of transparent noodle made from starch (such as mung bean starch, potato starch, sweet potato starch, tapioca, or canna starch) and water. They originated in China. A stabilizer such as chitosan or alum (illegal in some jurisdictions) may also be used.

They are generally sold in dried form, soaked to reconstitute, then used in soups, stir-fried dishes, or spring rolls. They are called "glass noodles" because of their glass-like transparency when cooked.
Glass noodles are not the same as rice vermicelli, which is made from rice and white in color rather than clear (after cooking in water).

Tapioca
Tapioca (/ˌtæpiˈoʊkə/; Portuguese: [tapiˈɔkɐ]) is a starch extracted from the tubers of the cassava plant (Manihot esculenta, also known as manioc), a species native to the North and Northeast regions of Brazil, but which is now found in West Africa, Southeast Asia, and elsewhere. It is a perennial shrub adapted to the hot conditions of tropical lowlands. Cassava copes better with poor soils than many other food plants.

Tapioca is a staple food for millions of people in tropical countries. It provides only carbohydrate food value, and is low in protein, vitamins, and minerals. In other countries, it is used as a thickening agent in various manufactured foods.
Purdy Point
Purdy Point (60°32′S 45°26′W﻿ / ﻿60.533°S 45.433°W﻿ / -60.533; -45.433) is a point 1.5 nautical miles (2.8 km) east-southeast of Foul Point on the north coast of Coronation Island, in the South Orkney Islands. First seen in December 1821 in the course of a joint cruise by Captain George Powell, British sealer, and Captain Nathaniel Palmer, American sealer, and roughly shown on Powell's chart. Surveyed by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) in 1956-58 and named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) in 1959 for John Purdy (1773–1843), a leading English hydrographer of his day, who compiled numerous nautical directories and charts, including the South Orkney Islands, the forerunners of Admiralty sailing directions.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Purdy Point". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Nathaniel Palmer
Nathaniel Brown Palmer (August 8, 1799 – June 21, 1877) was an American seal hunter, explorer, sailing captain, ship designer, and a whale hunter, known for being one of the first persons to sight continental Antarctica. He gave his name to Palmer Land, which he explored in 1820 on his sloop Hero. He was born in Stonington, Connecticut, and was a descendant of Walter Palmer, one of the town's founders.
Adam and Eve (1928 film)
Adam and Eve (German: Adam und Eva) is a 1928 German silent comedy film directed by Rudolf Biebrach and starring Reinhold Schünzel, Elza Temary and Valerie Boothby. It was shot at the Babelsberg Studios in Berlin and on location in the Giant Mountains. The film's sets were designed by the art directors Arthur Schwarz and Julius von Borsody.

Julius von Borsody
Julius von Borsody (8 April 1892 in Vienna – 18 January 1960, also in Vienna) was an Austrian film architect and one of the most employed set designers in the Austrian and German cinemas of the late silent and early sound film periods. His younger brother, Eduard von Borsody, was a film director in Austria and Germany. He is also the great-uncle of German actress Suzanne von Borsody.
Tilapia busumana
Tilapia busumana is a species of cichlid native to Lake Bosumtwi, the Bia River Basin, the Pra River Basin and the Tano River Basin in Ghana and Côte d'Ivoire.  This species can reach a length of 18 centimetres (7.1 in) SL.  It can also be found in the aquarium trade.  In 2013, research published by Dunz & Schliewen indicated that this species does not belong in the genus Tilapia, but is rather closer to "Steatocranus" irvinei (itself not related to the remaining Steatocranus) and Gobiocichla.  It is currently retained in Tilapia pending further research.

Bia River
The Bia is a river that is situated primarily in Ghana and flows through Ghana and Ivory Coast, emptying into Aby Lagoon on the Ghanaian/Ivory Coast border. A hydroelectric dam was built across the Bia at Ayamé in 1959, causing the formation of Lake Ayame.
Siege of Pavia (476)
The siege of Pavia in August 476 was a critical event during the fall of the Western Roman Empire. Foederati, including some Sciri, in the Roman army in Italy mutinied. They acclaimed Odovacar king on 23 August, while the magister militum Orestes took refuge in the well fortified city of Pavia (Ticinum). The city "was immediately besieged, the fortifications were stormed, the town was pillaged" and many churches and houses were burned, including the bishop's residence.

An account of the events in Pavia is given by Magnus Felix Ennodius in his Life of Bishop Epiphanius of Pavia (§§95–100). Ennodius presents the siege as contrived by the devil to inconvenience the bishop. Epiphanius' sister, a nun named Luminosa, was among the captives. Orestes escaped but was captured at Piacenza (Placentia) on 28 August and executed. Thereafter the disorders subsided.

From Piacenza, Odovacar marched on Ravenna and deposed the emperor Romulus Augustulus.

Epiphanius of Pavia
Epiphanius of Pavia (438–496), later venerated as Saint Epiphanius of Pavia, was Bishop of Pavia from 466 until his death in 496. Epiphanius additionally held the offices of lector, subdeacon and deacon.

During his lifetime, Epiphanius undertook several church-related missions and exploits. Two of the most significant of these were his journey, as an emissary for the emperor Julius Nepos, to the Visigothic king Euric; and his journey to Ravenna, where he confronted Theodoric the Great shortly after his defeat of Odoacer, and pleaded for the restoration of the civic rights of Roman aristocrats who had supported Odoacer.
Leif Jenssen
Leif Gøran Jenssen (born 19 March 1948) is a former Norwegian weightlifter. He became Olympic Champion in 1972 in the light-heavyweight class.  He obtained silver medal three times in the World Championships, in 1970s, 1971 and 1974. Jenssen was elected Norwegian Sportsperson of the Year 1971.

Until January 1973 use of anabolic steroids was not prohibited. Jenssen has been open about his use of steroids until the ban, including during the 1972 Olympics. He started using methandrostenolone prescribed by his general practitioner in 1970. He stated that he has no bad conscience about the use, as he estimates that 49 of 50 of the world's best weightlifters used steroids at the time. He regards it as impossible to have won the Olympic medal without use of the performance-enhancing drugs, but has stated that he believes that if no-one had used them, including himself, he would still have won.

Weightlifting at the 1972 Summer Olympics
The weightlifting competition at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich consisted of nine weight classes, all for men only. Two new weight classes were introduced at these Games (flyweight and super heavyweight), marking the first changes to the Olympic program since 1952. This was the last year that the clean and press was included as one of the lifts.
Charles Vigurs
Charles Alfred Vigurs (11 July 1888 – 22 February 1917) was a British gymnast who competed in the 1908 Summer Olympics and in the 1912 Summer Olympics. He was born in Birmingham, West Midlands.

As a member of the British team in 1908, he finished eighth in the team competition. Four years later, he was part of the British team, which won the bronze medal in the gymnastics men's team European system event.

Vigurs was killed in action at age 28 during the First World War, serving as a private with the Royal Warwickshire Regiment near Grenay. He was buried in the Maroc British Cemetery nearby.

Royal Warwickshire Regiment
The Royal Warwickshire Regiment, previously titled the 6th Regiment of Foot, was a line infantry regiment of the British Army in continuous existence for 283 years. The regiment saw service in many conflicts and wars, including the Second Boer War and both the First and Second World Wars. On 1 May 1963, the regiment was re-titled, for the final time, as the Royal Warwickshire Fusiliers and became part of the Fusilier Brigade.

In 1968, by now reduced to a single Regular battalion, the regiment was amalgamated with the other regiments in the Fusilier Brigade – the Royal Northumberland Fusiliers, the Royal Fusiliers (City of London Regiment) and the Lancashire Fusiliers – into a new large infantry regiment, to be known as the Royal Regiment of Fusiliers, becoming the 2nd Battalion of the new regiment.