hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Racha uezd
The Racha uezd was a county (uezd) of the Kutaisi Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. It bordered the Terek Oblast to the north, the Lechkhumi uezd to the west, the Kutaisi and Shorapani uezds to the south, and the Gori uezd of the Tiflis Governorate to the east. The area of the uezd corresponded to most of the contemporary Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti region of Georgia. The administrative centre of the Racha uezd was Oni.

Terek Oblast
The Terek Oblast was a province (oblast) of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire, roughly corresponding to the central part of Russia's North Caucasian Federal District. Тhe оblast was created out of the former territories of the North Caucasian Peoples, following their conquests by Russia throughout the 19th century. The Terek Oblast bordered the Astrakhan and Stavropol governorates to the north, the Kuban Oblast to the west, the Kutaisi and Tiflis governorates to the south, and the Dagestan Oblast to the east. The administrative center of the oblast was Vladikavkaz, the current capital of North Ossetia–Alania within Russia.
The Aristocrats (film)
The Aristocrats is a 2005 American documentary comedy film about the famous eponymous dirty joke. The film was conceived and produced by comedians Penn Jillette, Paul Provenza and Peter Adam Golden, and it was edited by Emery Emery. Distributed by THINKFilm, it is dedicated to Johnny Carson, as "The Aristocrats" was said to be his favorite joke.

ThinkFilm
ThinkFilm (stylized as TH!NKFilm) was an American film distribution company founded in September 2001. It had been a division of David Bergstein’s Capitol Films since 2006.

On October 5, 2010, five of Bergstein's companies in the film industry — Capitol Films, ThinkFilm, R2D2, CT-1, and Capco — were forced into Chapter 11 bankruptcy by a group of creditors led by the Aramid Entertainment film investment fund seeking payment for outstanding debts of $16 million.
Chikanhalli
Chikanhalli, is a village in the southern state of Karnataka, India. Administratively, Chikanhalli is under Kachaknoor gram panchayat, Shorapur Taluka of Yadgir District in Karnataka.  The village of Chikanhalli is 4 km by road east-southeast of the village of Bonal and 17 km by road northwest of the village of Hunasagi. The nearest railhead is in Yadgir.

Yadgir district
Yadgir district is one of the 31 districts of Karnataka state in southern India.This district was carved out of Kalaburagi district as the 30th district of Karnataka on 10 April 2010. Yadgir town is the administrative headquarters of the district. The district occupies an area of 5,160.88 km2 (1,992.63 sq mi).

Yadgir district is very rich in cultural traditions. The vast stretch of fertile black soil of the district is known for bumper red gram and jowar crops. The district is the Daal bowl of the state. The district is also known for cluster of cement industries and a distinct stone popularly known as "Malakheda Stone".

Two main rivers, Krishna and Bhima, and a few tributaries flow in this region. The upper Krishna project and Shahapur Taluka in Bendebembali "Core Green Sugar Factory yet to be started. Yadgir which is known the cement, textile, leather, and chemical production in the industrial sectors. The Agriculture College located in Bheemarayana Gudi (B.Gudi).
Shin Seong-ja
Shin Seong-ja (born 10 November 1968) is a South Korean fencer. She competed in the women's individual and team foil events at the 1988 and 1992 Summer Olympics. She married fellow fencer Kim Seung-pyo in 1993.

Foil (fencing)
A foil is one of the three weapons used in the sport of fencing. It is a flexible weapon of total length 110 cm (43 in) or under, rectangular in cross section, weighing under 500 g (18 oz), with a blunt tip. As with the épée, points are only scored by making contact with the tip. The foil is the most commonly used weapon in fencing.
Pow (surname)
Pow is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Duncan Pow (born 1980), Scottish actor

Luca Pow (born 2005), British tennis player

Rebecca Pow (born 1960), British politician

Robert Pow (1883–1958), Canadian politician

It may also be a romanization of the Chinese surnames  包 Bāo or 鮑/鲍 Bào

Shane Pow (born 1990), Singaporean actor

Luca Pow
Luca Pow (born 1 February 2005) is a British tennis player. He has a career high singles ranking of world No. 838 achieved on 13 October 2025 and a career high doubles ranking of world No. 443 achieved on 4 August 2025.
Broadway Stories
Broadway Stories is a studio album released by Christian singer Sandi Patty in 2011 on Stylo Entertainment.
The album was recorded with The City of Prague Philharmonic Orchestra under the direction of conductor Jack Everly.

Jack Everly
Jack Everly (born January 13, 1952) is an American conductor who serves as Principal Pops Conductor with the Indianapolis Symphony Orchestra, Naples Philharmonic and the National Arts Centre Orchestra (Ottawa, Canada).

Born in Richmond, Indiana, Everly appears as guest conductor with orchestras throughout North America and is a former conductor of the American Ballet Theatre.
Statement of case
A statement of case is any of a number of formal documents used in the courts of England and Wales under the Civil Procedure Rules (or CPR). The Claim Form (which may also include summary or all the particulars of claim), Defence and Response are all statements of case.

The term "pleadings" continues to be used, though incorrectly, to refer to statements of case, the preferred terminology used by the Civil Procedure Rules.

Reply (legal term)
In law, a reply is a legal document written by a party specifically replying to a responsive declaration and in some cases an answer.  A reply may be written when a party or non-moving party (the party who is not requesting relief from the court) is asserting a counterclaim or the court has ordered a reply.
Bassin Bleu (Jacmel)
Bassin Bleu (Haitian Creole: Basenblé ; Blue Basin) is located 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) northwest of the city of Jacmel, in the Sud-Est department of Haiti. It is a series of three pools along the Petite Rivière de Jacmel.

It has historically popular site for international tourists to visit, but visitation has suffered with fear of local unrest from 2018.

Departments of Haiti
In the administrative divisions of Haiti, the department (French: département d'Haïti, pronounced [depaʁtəmɑ̃ d‿aiti]; Haitian Creole: depatman Ayiti) is the first of four levels of government. Haiti is divided administratively into ten departments, which are further subdivided into 42 arrondissements, 145 communes, and 571 communal sections.

In 2014, there was a proposal by the Chamber of Deputies to increase the number of departments from 10 to 14 —perhaps as high as 16.
Myeonje baegap
Myeonje baegap (Korean: 면제배갑; Hanja: 綿製背甲) was a soft bulletproof vest invented during the Joseon in 1867.

It was invented following the 1866 military French expedition to Korea and used in battle during the United States expedition to Korea in 1871. It was made of between 13 and 30 folds of cotton fabric and covered the upper torso.

United States expedition to Korea
The United States expedition to Korea, known in Korea as the Shinmiyangyo (Korean: 신미양요; Hanja: 辛未洋擾; lit. "Western Disturbance in the Shinmi Year"), or simply the Korean Expedition, was an American military action in Korea that took place predominantly on and around Ganghwa Island in 1871.
Samuele Papi
Samuele Papi (born 20 May 1973) is an Italian former volleyball player, a member of Italy men's national volleyball team in 1993–2012, silver and bronze medalist of the Olympic Games, multiple winner of the European Championship and World Championship, silver medalist of the World Cup 2003, three-time CEV Champions League winner, double CEV Cup winner, four-time Challenge Cup winner, six-time Italian Champion.

Men's European Volleyball Championship
The Men's European Volleyball Championship (EuroVolley) is the official competition for senior men's national volleyball teams of Europe, organized by the European Volleyball Confederation (CEV). The initial gap between championships was variable, but since 1975 they have been awarded every two years. The current champion is Poland, which won its second title at the 2023 tournament.
Polish 42nd Reconnaissance Escadrille
The 42nd Reconnaissance Escadrille (Polish: 42 Eskadra Rozpoznawcza) was a unit of the Polish Air Force active at the onset of World War II. It was assigned to the Pomorze Army, and played a role in aerial reconnaissance during the Invasion of Poland in 1939.

Polish Air Force
The Polish Air Force (Polish: Siły Powietrzne, lit. 'Air Forces') is the aerial warfare branch of the Polish Armed Forces. Until July 2004 it was officially known as Wojska Lotnicze i Obrony Powietrznej (lit. 'Aerial and Air Defense Forces'). In 2014 it consisted of roughly 26,000 military personnel and about 475 aircraft, distributed among ten bases throughout Poland.

The Polish Air Force can trace its origins to the second half of 1917 and was officially established in the months following the end of World War I in 1918. During the invasion of Poland by Nazi Germany in 1939, 70% of its aircraft were destroyed. Most pilots, after the Soviet invasion of Poland on 17 September, escaped via Romania and Hungary to continue fighting throughout World War II in allied air forces, first in France, then in Britain, and later also the Soviet Union.
Conan the Destroyer (novel)
Conan the Destroyer is a fantasy novel written by Robert Jordan featuring Robert E. Howard's seminal sword and sorcery hero Conan the Barbarian, a novelization of the feature film of the same name. It was first published in paperback by Tor Books in 1984.

Novelization
A novelization (or novelisation) is a derivative novel that adapts the story of a work created for another medium, such as a film, TV series, stage play, comic book, or video game. Film novelizations were particularly popular before the advent of home video, but continue to find commercial success as part of marketing campaigns for major films. They are often written by accomplished writers based on an early draft of the film's script and on a tight deadline.
Hendra Sandi Gunawan
Hendra Sandi Gunawan (born 10 February 1995) is an Indonesian former footballer. Previously, he played for Bali United, Sriwijaya and Persiba Balikpapan in the Liga 1. He is part of the national team squad of Indonesia U-19.

Sriwijaya F.C.
Sriwijaya Football Club (Indonesian pronunciation: [sriwiˈd͡ʒaja]), commonly known as Sriwijaya FC or simply SFC, is an Indonesian professional football club based in Palembang, South Sumatra. The club competes in the Championship, the second tier of Indonesian football. But they will compete in the Liga Nusantara next season, following relegation from the 2025–26 season.

Founded on 23 October 2004, the team play their home games at Gelora Sriwijaya Stadium, which has a capacity of 23,000 spectators. The club won its first major honour, the Liga Indonesia Premier Division, in 2008. In the same season the club also won the Copa Indonesia, making them the first and only club in Indonesia to ever achieve the double. Sriwijaya have a fierce rivalry with nearby club Semen Padang, with whom they contest the Andalas derby.
Donald Guthrie (theologian)
Donald Guthrie (February 21, 1916 – September 8, 1992) was a British New Testament scholar, best known for his New Testament Introduction (1962) and New Testament Theology (1981) which are recognized as significant books related to the New Testament.

Zondervan
Zondervan is an international Christian media and publishing company located in Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States. Zondervan is a founding member of the Evangelical Christian Publishers Association (ECPA). It is a part of  HarperCollins Christian Publishing, Inc. and has multiple imprints including Zondervan Academic, Zonderkidz, Blink, and Editorial Vida. Zondervan is the commercial rights holder for the New International Version (NIV) Bible in North America. According to the Zondervan website, it is the largest Christian publisher.
Barking Park
Barking Park is a public park covering 30 hectares to the northeast of Barking town centre in east London. It was opened as the Recreation Ground in 1898 by the Barking Town Urban District Council and is now the oldest public park in the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham. It lies north of Longbridge Road and south of the neighbourhood of Loxford, with the northern boundary of the park along Loxford Water also the borough boundary with Redbridge.

London Borough of Barking and Dagenham
The London Borough of Barking and Dagenham (pronunciationⓘ) is a London borough in East London. The borough was created in 1965 as the London Borough of Barking; the name was changed in 1980. It is an Outer London borough and the south is within the London Riverside section of the Thames Gateway, an area designated as a national priority for urban regeneration. At the 2011 census it had a population of 187,000. The borough's three main towns are Barking, Chadwell Heath, and Dagenham. The local authority is the Barking and Dagenham London Borough Council. Barking and Dagenham was one of six London boroughs to host the 2012 Summer Olympics.
The Tin Woodman of Oz
The Tin Woodman of Oz:  A Faithful Story of the Astonishing Adventure Undertaken by the Tin Woodman, Assisted by Woot the Wanderer, the Scarecrow of Oz, and Polychrome, the Rainbow's Daughter is the twelfth book in the Oz series written by L. Frank Baum and was originally published on May 13, 1918. The Tin Woodman is reunited with his Munchkin sweetheart Nimmie Amee from the days when he was flesh and blood. This was a backstory from Baum's 1900 novel, The Wonderful Wizard of Oz. It was followed by The Magic of Oz (1919).

The Tin Woodman of Oz was the last book in the series to be published during Baum's lifetime. It was dedicated to Baum's grandson, Frank Alden Baum.

Backstory
In a narrative, a backstory or the background (information) is a set of events that establishes a character's past or that precedes and leads up to the main plot. In acting, it is the fictional history of a character before the main plot events that a performer creates during their preparation for the role.
M. J. Appaji Gowda
M. J. Appaji Gowda (20 June 1951 - 2 September 2020) was a Janata Dal (Secular) political activist and member of the Karnataka Legislative Council.
 He died on 2 September 2020, after testing positive for COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in India.

Karnataka Legislative Council
The Karnataka Legislative Council (formerly the Mysore Legislative Council) is the upper house of the state legislature of Karnataka in India. Karnataka is one of six Indian states with a bicameral legislature; the Legislative Assembly is the lower house. The Council is a permanent body of 75 members, of whom 64 are elected in various ways in staggered elections and 11 are appointed by the Governor of Karnataka. Members hold their seats for six-year terms.
Battle of Vendôme
The Battle of Vendôme took place during the Franco-Prussian War, it lasted from 14 to 17 December 1870 in Vendôme, Loir-et-Cher, France. In this fierce fighting, the X Army of the Kingdom of Prussia under the command of General Konstantin Bernhard von Voigts-Rhetz and the 2nd Army of Prussia which was commanded by Prince Friedrich Karl, attacked the French Army of the Loire by Minister Antoine Chanzy and Admiral Bernard Jaureguiberry who was a former navy officer of France. The Prussians defeated the French in a gun battle on 16 December and finally won the battle. With this victory, the Germans attacked the enemy's right flank and forced the French forces to withdraw from their stronger defensive position at Fréteval, where they engaged another Prussian army indecisively. The victory at Vendôme also brought the Prussian armies some French prisoners and weapons, while the disadvantage of Chanzy's army forced him to hastily withdraw to Le Mans.

Antoine Chanzy
Antoine Eugène Alfred Chanzy (French pronunciation: [ɑ̃twan øʒɛn alfʁɛd ʃɑ̃zi]; 18 March 1823 – 4 January 1883) was a French general, notable for his successes during the Franco-Prussian War and as a governor of Algeria.
Gaspar de Figueroa
Gaspar de Figueroa Saucedo (c. 1594–1658) was a New Granadian painter.

Figueroa was born in Mariquita to painter Baltasar de Figueroa the Elder and Catalina Saucedo. He learned to paint from his father, who owned a studio.

Figueroa lived the majority of his life in Santa Fe de Bogotá, where he started his own studio. His son, Baltasar Vargas de Figueroa, was also a painter.

His portrait of Cristóbal de Torres y Motones is housed at the University of Rosario.

Mariquita Province
The province of Mariquita, also called the government of Mariquita during the Spanish imperial era, was an administrative and territorial entity of New Granada, created in 1550 as a corregimiento (administrative division) of the Viceroyalty of Peru. In 1717, province became part of Viceroyalty of New Granada after King Philip V of Spain issued a real cédula creating the new viceroyalty.

During the Spanish American wars of independence (1810–1816), Mariquita declared itself a Free State and then joined the United Provinces of New Granada. Later, during the era of Gran Colombia, it was part of the Department of Cundinamarca, which territorially covered all of what are now Colombia and Panama.

After the dissolution of Gran Colombia in 1830, Mariquita was incorporated into the Republic of New Granada. When the (originally unitary) republic adopted a federal system in 1858, the province became one of the constituent provinces of the Sovereign State of Tolima.
Hamza Mirza
Hamza Mirza (Persian: حمزه میرزا, romanized: Ḥamzā Mīrzā; 4 September 1568 – 6 December 1586) was the Safavid crown prince of Iran during the reign of his father Mohammad Khodabanda (r. 1578–1587). His mother was Khayr al-Nisa Begum, a Mar'ashi princess from Mazandaran.

Khayr al-Nisa Begum
Khayr al-Nisa Begum (Persian: خیرالنساء بیگم; known under the royal title Mahd-i Ulya (مهد علیا), "the highest-ranked cradle"; died 26 July 1579) was an Iranian Mazandarani princess from the Marashi dynasty, who was the wife of the Safavid shah (king) Mohammad Khodabanda (r. 1578–1587) and mother of Abbas I. During the early part of her husband's reign, she was a powerful political figure in her own right and governed Iran de facto between February 1578 and July 1579. She gained power with the assassination of Pari Khan Khanum.
Gertrude of Bavaria
Gertrude of Bavaria, also called Gertrude of Saxony (Danish and German: Gertrud; 1152/55–1197), was Duchess of Swabia as the spouse of Duke Frederick IV, and Queen of Denmark as the spouse of King Canute VI.

Gertrude was born to Henry the Lion of Bavaria and Saxony and Clementia of Zähringen in either 1152 or 1155. She was married to Frederick IV, Duke of Swabia, in 1166, and became a widow in 1167. In 1171, she was engaged and in February 1177 married to Canute of Denmark in Lund. The couple lived the first years in Skåne.

On 12 May 1182, they became king and queen. She did not have any children. During her second marriage, she chose to live in chastity and celibacy with her husband. Chronicler Arnold of Lübeck remarked of their marriage that her spouse was: "The most chaste one, living thus his days with his chaste spouse" in eternal chastity.

Lund
Lund (/lʊnd/, US also /lʌnd/ LU(U)ND; Swedish: [ˈlɵnːd] ⓘ) is a city in the province of Scania, southern Sweden. The town had 94,393 inhabitants out of a municipal total of 130,288 as of 2023. It is the seat of Lund Municipality, Scania County. The Öresund Region, which includes Lund, is home to more than 4.2 million people.

Archeologists date the founding of Lund to around 990, when Scania was part of Denmark. From 1103 it was the seat of the Catholic Archdiocese of Lund, and the towering Lund Cathedral, built c. 1090–1145, still stands at the centre of the town. Denmark ceded the city to Sweden in the Treaty of Roskilde in 1658.

Lund University, established in 1666, is one of Scandinavia's oldest and largest institutions for education and research.  The university and its buildings dominate much of the centre of the city, and have led to Lund becoming a regional centre for high-tech industry.
1975 European Amateur Boxing Championships
The 1975 European Amateur Boxing Championships  were held in Spodek, Katowice, Poland from 1 to 8 June. The 21st edition of the bi-annual competition was organised by the European governing body for amateur boxing, EABA. There were 193 fighters from 23 countries participating.

Spodek
Spodek is a multipurpose arena complex in Katowice, Poland, opened on 9 May 1971. Aside from the main dome, the complex includes a gym, an ice rink, a hotel and three large car parks. It was the largest indoor venue of its kind in Poland until it was surpassed by Tauron Arena in 2014.

The Spodek hosts many important cultural and business events. Music concerts are especially common non-sport events. It can hold around 11,500 people, although this number is in practice limited to 10,000 or even 8,000 due to stage set-ups obscuring the view.

The Polish word "spodek" translates to "saucer" in English, and also refers to a flying saucer since its iconic shape resembles a UFO. Spodek is a major contribution to the cultural significance of Katowice in Poland, especially for the younger generations. It has also been used as an unofficial logo for the city on posters promoting redevelopment in Katowice. Moreover, Spodek is home to ice hockey clubs in the winter months.
Marcel (given name)
Marcel (French: [maʁsɛl], Occitan: [maɾˈsɛl], Catalan: [məɾˈsɛl, maɾˈsɛl], Romanian: [marˈtʃel]) is an Occitan form of the Ancient Roman origin male given name Marcellus, which in Latin means "Belonging to Mars". The feminine counterpart of the name is Marcelle. It is used predominantly in France, Monaco, Belgium, Switzerland, Germany, Austria, Hungary, Canada and partially in Poland and Romania. Similar sounding male form "Marcel" (Tatar, Bashkir: Марсел) is very distributed also in Tatarstan and Bashkiria since the middle of the 20th century, but has nothing to do with the Latin origin name Marcel.

Male
Male (symbol: ♂) is the sex of an organism that produces, or is organized to produce, the gamete (sex cell) known as sperm, which fuses with the larger female gamete, or ovum, in the process of fertilisation. A male organism cannot reproduce sexually without access to at least one ovum from a female, but some organisms can reproduce both sexually and asexually. Most male mammals, including male humans, have a Y chromosome, which codes for the production of larger amounts of testosterone to develop male reproductive organs.

In humans, the word male can also be used to refer to gender, in the social sense of gender role or gender identity.
Clemens Pickel
Clemens Pickel (Russian: Кле́менс Пи́ккель, born 17 August 1961 in Colditz, Bezirk Leipzig, East Germany) is a German-Russian Roman Catholic prelate, and Bishop of Saratov, Russia. Pickel is the current chairman of the Episcopal Conference of Russia.

Bezirk Leipzig
The Bezirk Leipzig was a district (Bezirk) of East Germany that would last from 1952 to 1990. Leipzig would be reabsorbed into Saxony after the reunification of Germany. The administrative seat and the main town was Leipzig.