hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hoesan Gam clan
Hoesan Gam clan (Korean: 회산 감씨; Hanja: 檜山 甘氏) is one of the Korean clans. Their Bon-gwan is in Changwon, South Gyeongsang Province. According to the research held in 2000, the number of Hoesan Gam clan’s member was in 679 households 2113 members out of 4892 total Gam members. Their founder was Gam Gyu who was a Hanlin Academy in Yuan dynasty. He entered Goryeo in 1349. He was there as a fatherly master when Princess Noguk had a marriage to an ordinary person planned by Gongmin of Goryeo. He made Hoesan, Hoesan Gam clan’s Bon-gwan and founded Hoesan Gam clan because Gam Cheol (Hanja: 甘喆), 16 th descendant of Gam Gyu, was appointed as Jinzi Guanglu Daifu (Hanja: 金紫光祿大夫) and became Prince of Hoesan.

Princess Noguk
Princess Supreme Noguk (Korean: 노국대장공주; Hanja: 魯國大長公主; lit. Princess-Aunt of the State of No; d. 8 March 1365), also known as Queen Indeok (인덕왕후; 仁德王后) and Queen Mother Indeok (인덕태후; 仁德太后) during her stepson, King U of Goryeo's reign. She was a Yuan dynasty imperial family member as the great-granddaughter of Darmabala, and a niece of Princess Joguk who became a Korean queen consort though her marriage with Gongmin of Goryeo as his primary wife. Her personal name was Borjigin Budashiri (Mongolian: Будшир; Middle Mongolian: ᠪᠤᠳᠢᠰᠢᠷᠢ; Chinese: 寶塔實里 or 寶塔失里). She was the last Mongol to become queen consort of Goryeo.
Nillup, Western Australia
Nillup is a small townsite located in the South West region of Western Australia in the Shire of Augusta-Margaret River. Nillup was named by reversing the last name of Harold Maughan Pullin, a popular local who did not want the place named after him.

South West (Western Australia)
The South West region is one of the nine regions of Western Australia. It has an area of 23,970 square kilometres (9,250 sq mi), and a population of about 170,000 people. Bunbury is the main city in the region.
Laurent Chambertin
Laurent Chambertin (born September 29, 1966 in Dijon, Côte-d'Or) is a retired volleyball player from France, who earned a total number of 336 caps for the Men's National Team. He also competed in the men's tournament at the 1992 Summer Olympics.

France men's national volleyball team
The France national men's volleyball team represents the country in international competitions and friendly matches. It was the reigning European Champion in 2015 and is ranked 3rd (as of 1 January 2023) in the FIVB world ranking. 
France have been competing in the World League ever since the inaugural edition in 1990 and continuously since 1999. In 2006 they finished second to Brazil but had their share of disappointment in subsequent seasons. In 2009 they narrowly missed making the Final Six, falling at the last hurdle to Slovenia. They suffered another setback in 2010 when they again missed the finals and finished 12th.

In 2015, France won the European Championship and World League (also in 2017).

France competed at the Olympic Games for the fourth time in Rio 2016, finishing ninth. Five years later, they won gold after defeating Russia in Tokyo 2020.
They retained their Olympic title at 
Paris 2024.
Lukas Meyer
Lukas H. Meyer is a German philosopher, academic and author. He is a university professor as well as speaker of the working section Moral and Political Philosophy (in German "Praktische Philosophie") at the University of Graz.

Meyer is most known for his works on practical philosophy, primarily focusing on legal philosophy, political philosophy, ethics and social philosophy. Among his authored works are his publications in academic journals, including Politics, Philosophy & Economics, Global Environmental Change and Nature Climate Change as well as books such as Rights, Culture, and the Law: Themes from the Legal and Political Philosophy of Joseph Raz and Rectifying Historical Injustice Debating the Supersession Thesis.

Meyer co-founded the journal Moral Philosophy and Politics (de Gruyter) and has served as its editor in chief since January 2024. He serves as the associate editor of the journal Law, Ethics and Philosophy.

Social philosophy
Social philosophy is the study and interpretation of society and social institutions in terms of ethical values rather than empirical relations. Social philosophers emphasize understanding the social contexts for political, legal, moral and cultural questions, and the development of novel theoretical frameworks, from social ontology to care ethics to cosmopolitan theories of democracy, natural law, human rights, gender equity and global justice.
Princess Royal National Hunt Challenge Cup Novices' Handicap Chase
The National Hunt Challenge Cup is a National Hunt steeplechase in Great Britain which is open to horses aged five years or older. It is run on the Old Course at Cheltenham over a distance of about 3 miles 6 furlongs (3 miles 5 furlongs and 201 yards, or 6,018 metres), and during its running there are twenty-three fences to be jumped. The race is a handicap race for novice chasers, and it is scheduled to take place each year during the Cheltenham Festival in March.

Novice (racehorse)
A novice in horse racing is an inexperienced racehorse which has not run in a certain number of races of a particular type, or not won in such races. The definition of a novice is determined by the horse racing authority in a particular country or area.
Dental dam
A dental dam or rubber dam is a thin, 6-inch (150 mm) square sheet, usually latex or nitrile, used in dentistry to isolate the operative site (one or more teeth) from the rest of the mouth. Sometimes termed "Kofferdam" (from German), it was designed in the United States in 1864 by Sanford Christie Barnum. It is used mainly in endodontic, fixed prosthodontic (crowns, bridges) and general restorative treatments. Its purpose is both to prevent saliva interfering with the dental work (e.g. contamination of oral micro-organisms during root canal therapy, or to keep filling materials such as composite dry during placement and curing), and to prevent instruments and materials from being inhaled, swallowed or damaging the mouth. In dentistry, use of a rubber dam is sometimes referred to as isolation or moisture control.

Dental dams are also used for safer oral sex.

Prosthodontics
Prosthodontics, also known as dental prosthetics or prosthetic dentistry, is the area of dentistry that focuses on dental prostheses. It is one of 12 dental specialties recognized by the American Dental Association (ADA), Royal College of Surgeons of England, Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh, Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland, Royal College of Surgeons of Glasgow, Royal College of Dentists of Canada, and Royal Australasian College of Dental Surgeons. The ADA defines it as "the dental specialty pertaining to the diagnosis, treatment planning, rehabilitation and maintenance of the oral function, comfort, appearance and health of patients with clinical conditions associated with missing or deficient teeth or oral and maxillofacial tissues using biocompatible substitutes."
David Sibley (music supervisor)
David Sibley is a music supervisor, working in Los Angeles, California, on various film and TV productions, including Desperate Housewives and Dark Justice.

He received an Emmy nomination for his work on the NBC TV miniseries The Little Richard Story. Prior to that he was the head of music for Ronald Perelman's New World Entertainment run by Brandon Tartikoff, which produced numerous television shows including Marvel Comics' Spider-man animated series as well as productions by Stephen J. Cannell.

Brandon Tartikoff
Brandon Tartikoff (January 13, 1949 – August 27, 1997) was an American television executive who was head of the entertainment division of NBC from 1981 to 1991. He was credited with turning around NBC's low prime time reputation with several hit series: Hill Street Blues, L.A. Law, Law & Order, ALF, Family Ties, The Cosby Show, Cheers, Seinfeld, The Golden Girls, Wings, Miami Vice, Knight Rider, The A-Team, Saved by the Bell, The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air, St. Elsewhere,Night Court and V.

Tartikoff also helped develop the 1984 sitcom Punky Brewster; he named the title character after a girl he had a crush on in school. He was also involved in the creation of Star Trek: Deep Space Nine and Beggars and Choosers.
Outside plant
In telecommunications, the term outside plant has the following meanings:

In civilian telecommunications, outside plant refers to all of the physical cabling and supporting infrastructure (such as conduit, cabinets, tower or poles), and any associated hardware (such as repeaters) located between a demarcation point in a switching facility and a demarcation point in another switching center or customer premises.

In the United States, the DOD defines outside plant as the communications equipment located between a main distribution frame (MDF) and a user end instrument.

The CATV industry divides its fixed assets between head end or inside plant, and outside plant.  The electrical power industry also uses the term outside plant to refer to electric power distribution systems.

User (telecommunications)
In telecommunications, a user is a person, organization, or other entity that uses the services provided by a telecommunication system, or by an information processing system, for transfer of information.
A user functions as a source or final destination of user information, or both. A user may also be the subscriber, i.e. the customer paying for the service.

A user is also a person or process accessing an automated information system (AIS) by direct connections (e.g., via terminals) or indirect connections. "Indirect connection" relates to persons who prepare input data or receive output that is not reviewed for content or classification by a responsible individual.
Iratperiyakulam railway station
Iratperiyakulam railway station (Tamil: ஈரற்பெரியகுளம் தொடருந்து நிலையம் Īraṟperiyakuḷam toṭaruntu nilaiyam, Sinhala: ඊරට්පෙරියකුලම් දුම්රිය ස්ථානය) is a railway station in the town of Iratperiyakulam in northern Sri Lanka. Owned by Sri Lanka Railways, the state-owned railway operator, the station is part of the Northern Line which links the north with the capital Colombo. The popular Yarl Devi service calls at the station.

Northern Province, Sri Lanka
The Northern Province (Tamil: வட மாகாணம் Vaṭa Mākāṇam; Sinhala: උතුරු පළාත Uturu Paḷāta) is one of the nine provinces of Sri Lanka. The province has an area of 8,884 km2, making it the 3rd largest province by area, and a population of 1,150,148 making it the least populated province. Jaffna is the capital city of the province.

Between 1988 and 2006, the province was temporarily merged with the Eastern Province into one province, the North Eastern Province. Due to its large Tamil population, the Northern Province is sometimes referred to as "Sri Lanka's Tamil country". The majority of the fighting in the Sri Lankan Civil War took place in the Northern province.
The Railway Children
The Railway Children is a children's book by Edith Nesbit, originally serialised in The London Magazine during 1906 and published in book form in the same year. It has been adapted for the screen several times, of which the best known is the 1970 film version.

Roundhouse Park
Roundhouse Park is a 17-acre (6.9 ha) park in the downtown core of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is in the former Railway Lands. It features the John Street Roundhouse, a preserved locomotive roundhouse that houses the Toronto Railway Museum, Steam Whistle Brewing, and the Rec Room restaurant and entertainment complex. The park is also home to a collection of trains, the former Canadian Pacific Railway Don Station, and the Roundhouse Park Miniature Railway. The park is bounded by Bremner Boulevard, Lower Simcoe Street, Lake Shore Boulevard West/Gardiner Expressway, and Rees Street.
Horch
Horch (German pronunciation: [hɔʁç] ⓘ) was a German car manufacturer, which traced its roots to several companies founded in the late 19th and early 20th century by August Horch.

It is one of the predecessors of the present day Audi company, which itself resulted from the merger of Auto Union Aktiengesellschaft (AG) and NSU Motorenwerke in 1969. Auto Union AG in turn was formed in 1932, following the merger of Horch, DKW, Wanderer and the original Audi Automobilwerke GmbH Zwickau, established by August Horch in 1910.

In 2021, Audi reused the Horch name as a flagship trim level for the Audi A8 in China to compete with the Mercedes-Maybach S-Class.

Aktiengesellschaft
Aktiengesellschaft (German pronunciation: [ˈaktsi̯ənɡəˌzɛlʃaft] ⓘ; abbreviated AG [aːˈgeː] ⓘ) is a German word for a corporation limited by share ownership (i.e., one which is owned by its shareholders) whose shares may be traded on a stock market. The term is used in Germany, Austria, Switzerland (where it is equivalent to a société anonyme or a società per azioni) and South Tyrol for companies incorporated there. In the United Kingdom, the equivalent term is public limited company, and in the United States, while the terms "incorporated" or "corporation" are typically used, technically the more precise equivalent term is "joint-stock company".
Hsieh Su-wei career statistics
This is a list of the main career statistics of professional Taiwanese tennis player Hsieh Su-wei. To date, Hsieh has won three singles and 35 doubles career titles, including seven Grand Slam doubles titles at the Wimbledon Championships in 2013, 2019, 2021 and 2023, as well as at the French Open in 2014 and 2023 alongside an Australian Open title in 2024. She has also won one WTA Finals doubles title in 2013, 12 WTA 1000 doubles titles. Hsieh has been a runner–up at the 2020 Australian Open, and a semifinalist at the 2012 US Open. She also holds a Grand Slam title in mixed doubles, where she won at the 2024 Australian Open. She reached her career-high doubles ranking of world No. 1 on 12 May 2014 and has spent a combined total of 47 weeks with the top ranking.

2020 Australian Open – Women's doubles
Tímea Babos and Kristina Mladenovic defeated Hsieh Su-wei and Barbora Strýcová in the final, 6–2, 6–1 to win the women's doubles tennis title at the 2020 Australian Open. It was their second Australian Open title together. Despite the loss, Hsieh regained the WTA no. 1 doubles ranking for the first time since 2014, replacing her partner Strýcová. Mladenovic, Aryna Sabalenka and Xu Yifan were also in contention for the top ranking.

Samantha Stosur and Zhang Shuai were the defending champions, but chose not to participate together. Stosur played alongside Ellen Perez, but they lost in the first round to Lara Arruabarrena and Ons Jabeur. Zhang teamed up with Peng Shuai, but they lost to Veronika Kudermetova and Alison Riske, also in the first round.
Raspall
Raspall (Valencian: [rasˈpaʎ], "scraping") is a variant of the handball game Valencian pilota, played mainly in the Valencian regions south to the Xúquer river: the Vall d'Albaida, the Safor, the Costera, the Marina Alta and the Marina Baixa.  It is also popular in the Ribera Baixa.  It is one of only two variants that have professional players—the other being Escala i corda.

The game may be played either indoors in a trinquet or outdoors on the street.  In either case the playing area is divided into two halves called the "serving" and "receiving" fields.   Among its distinguishing features is the lack of any formal divider between the two halves and the rule that the ball is allowed to bounce as many times as desired.  This rule makes the game one of the most energetic variants of Valencian pilota, as the players must frequently stoop to hit the ball close to the ground.

Safor
Safor (Valencian: [saˈfoɾ]; Spanish: [saˈfoɾ]) is a comarca within the province of Valencia, Valencian Community, Spain. The capital is the city of Gandia, but also includes the towns of Oliva, Piles and Daimús, among others. The beach area of Gandia, La Platja, is well known for its wild nightlife during the summer.

The former natural and historical comarca of Valldigna has been integrated into Safor comarca for administrative purposes.
Buôn Đôn district
Buôn Đôn is a rural district of Đắk Lắk province in the Central Highlands region of Vietnam. As of 2003, the district had a population of 56,238. The district covers an area of 1,414 km². The district capital lies at Ea Wer.

Đắk Lắk province
Đắk Lắk (Vietnamese pronunciation: [ʔɗǎk lǎk]) is a mountainous province in the Central Highlands region of Central Vietnam. It borders Gia Lai to the north, Khánh Hòa to the east, Lâm Đồng to the south, and Mondulkiri of Cambodia to the west.

Đăk Lăk is home to several indigenous ethnic minorities, such as the Rade, the Jarai and the Mnong, among others.

On June 12, 2025, the National Assembly passed Resolution No. 202/2025/QH15, which took effect the same day, merging Phú Yên Province into Đắk Lắk Province.
AmigaOS 4 version history
A new version of AmigaOS was released on December 24, 2006 after five years of development by Hyperion Entertainment (Belgium) under license from Amiga, Inc. for AmigaOne registered users.

During the five years of development, users of AmigaOne machines could download from Hyperion repository Pre-Release Versions of AmigaOS 4.0 as long as these were made available. As witnessed by many users into Amiga discussion forum sites, these versions were stable and reliable, despite the fact that they are technically labeled as "pre-releases".

The last stable version of AmigaOS 4.0 for AmigaOne computers is the "July 2007 Update", released for download 18 July 2007 to the registered users of AmigaOne machines.[1]

AmigaOS 4 Classic was released commercially for older Amiga computers with CyberstormPPC and BlizzardPPC accelerator cards in November 2007. It had previously been available only to developers and beta-testers.

Slab allocation
Slab allocation is a memory management mechanism intended for the efficient memory allocation of objects. In comparison with earlier mechanisms, it reduces fragmentation caused by allocations and deallocations. 
This technique is used for retaining allocated memory containing a data object of a certain type for reuse upon subsequent allocations of objects of the same type.  It is analogous to an object pool, but only applies to memory, not other resources.

Slab allocation was first introduced in the Solaris 2.4 kernel by Jeff Bonwick. Bonwick claims the name "Slab" comes from a Kellogg's cereal commercial  catchphrase rhyme, "grab a slab".

Slab allocation is now widely used by many Unix and Unix-like operating systems including FreeBSD and Linux, both in the SLAB allocator and its replacement, SLUB.
Tremlett Batchelor
Tremlett Brewer Batchelor (22 June 1884 – 21 December 1966) was an English international rugby union player.

Born in the Wirral, Batchelor was educated at Rugby School and University College, Oxford.

Batchelor, a 1906 Oxford blue, played rugby in the United Hospitals Cup during his medical studies and also competed for London club Richmond. He was an Eastern Counties representative player. In 1907, Batchelor gained his solitary England cap as a wing three-quarter in a win over France in London.

Rugby School
Rugby School is a private boarding school for pupils aged 13–18, located in the town of Rugby, Warwickshire in England.

Founded in 1567 as a free grammar school for local boys, it is one of the oldest independent schools in Britain. Up to 1667, the school remained in comparative obscurity. Its re-establishment by Thomas Arnold during his time as Headmaster, from 1828 to 1841, was seen as the forerunner of the Victorian public school. It was one of nine schools investigated by the Clarendon Commission of 1864 and later regulated as one of the seven schools included in the Public Schools Act 1868. Originally a boys' school, it became fully co-educational in 1992.

The school's alumni – or "Old Rugbeians" – include a UK prime minister, a French prime minister, several bishops, poets, scientists, writers and soldiers.

Rugby School is the birthplace of rugby football.
USS Warbler (AM-53)
USS Warbler (AM-53) (Minesweeper No. 53) was a Lapwing-class minesweeper laid down on 24 April 1919 by the Philadelphia Navy Yard; launched on 30 July 1919; sponsored by Miss Alice Kempff, the daughter of Capt. C. S. Kempff, the Captain of the Yard; and commissioned on 22 December 1919.

After brief service with the Train of the Atlantic Fleet, Warbler was decommissioned on 16 June 1920 and simultaneously transferred, on loan, to the United States Shipping Board. The ship operated with a civilian crew under the aegis of Merritt, Chapman, and Scott, a New York-based salvage firm. On 13 September 1941, the Navy reclassified Warbler a salvage vessel and designated her ARS-11

United States Shipping Board
The United States Shipping Board (USSB) was a corporation established as an emergency agency by the 1916 Shipping Act (39 Stat. 729), on September 7, 1916. The United States Shipping Board's task was to increase the number of US ships supporting the World War I efforts. The program ended on March 2, 1934.
The Arockalypse
The Arockalypse is the third studio album by the Finnish rock band Lordi. It includes the hit single "Hard Rock Hallelujah", which won the Eurovision Song Contest 2006 for Finland. The album has sold triple platinum in Finland and gold in Sweden. Although the album cover shows OX, it was Kalma who played bass guitar on the album.

Jay Jay French
Jay Jay French (born John French Segall, July 20, 1952) is an American guitarist, manager, record producer and founding member of the heavy metal band Twisted Sister. He is a columnist, author and motivational speaker who oversees licensing and intellectual property rights for the Twisted Sister brand.
Digital Theatre (website)
Digital Theatre is a company that provides digital platforms for the arts. Founded by Robert Delamere and Tom Shaw and launched in London in 2009, the company produces and licenses high-definition films of stage productions that can be streamed on demand for both consumer and educational purposes.

In 2011, Digital Theatre's flagship digital educational platform Digital Theatre+ was launched, providing institutions around the world with access to productions and educational resources to support the teaching of English and Drama.

Digital Theatre was acquired by ScaleUp Capital (formerly Root Capital LLP) in 2015. In 2019, former head of BBC iPlayer and BBC Sounds Neelay Patel was appointed CEO.

BBC iPlayer
BBC iPlayer (stylised as iPLAYER or BBC iPLAYER) is a video on demand service from the BBC. The service is available over-the-top on a wide range of devices, including mobile phones and tablets, personal computers and smart televisions. iPlayer services delivered to UK-based viewers are free from commercial advertising. To use the service, a valid TV Licence is required by law.

The terms BBC iPlayer, iPlayer, and BBC Media Player refer to various methods of viewing or listening to the same content. BBC iPlayer launched in 2007. Previously, a separate BBC iPlayer Radio brand was used for radio services but this was replaced with BBC Sounds in 2018. The current logo and rebranding to "iPLAYER" has been in use since 2021.

Currently, some programmes can be watched in UHD on iPlayer as part of an ongoing trial, as well as streaming major live events in 4K on iPlayer.
Lotena Formation
The Lotena Formation is a geologic formation dated from the Late Callovian to Early Oxfordian in the Neuquén Basin in Mendoza Province, Argentina. The formation, first defined by Weaver in 1931 and named after Cerro Lotena, consists of fluvial conglomerates, calcareous sandstones and marine limestones and shales. The Lotena Formation is overlain by the La Manga Formation and overlies the Lajas Formation of the Cuyo Group. Initially, the fossil find of the pterosaur Herbstosaurus pigmaeus was reported from the formation, but this fossil was found in the younger Vaca Muerta. The formation is a reservoir rock in the Neuquén Basin.

Calcareous
Calcareous (/kælˈkɛəriəs/) is an adjective meaning "mostly or partly composed of calcium carbonate", in other words, containing lime or being chalky. The term is  used in a wide variety of scientific disciplines.