hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Green card scheme in Odisha
Green Card is a scheme introduced by the Government of Odisha with effect from 1983 to popularize permanent method of family planning for two children or fewer. Parents and children under Green Card Scheme are eligible for certain benefits all districts of the State. With a view to encourage people to accept sterilization operation voluntarily compensation for loss of wages is being paid to the beneficiaries as per pattern fixed by the Government of India from time to time. Government of India has started an Insurances scheme to cover the death, complication and failure cases of sterilization as well as indemnity cover of surgeons. An agreement has been signed by Government of India and Oriental Insurance Company Limited and the scheme has been implemented from November 2005 in all districts of the Odisha State.

This scheme was stopped on 9 November 2011. By the time it ended this scheme had been useful in providing various facilities to around 6,02,336 people.

The Oriental Insurance Company
The Oriental Insurance Company Ltd. (OICL) is an Indian public sector insurance company owned by the Government of India and administered by the Ministry of Finance. Headquartered in New Delhi, the company has 29 regional offices and more than 1500 active branches nationwide. It also has branches in Nepal, Kuwait, and Dubai that together yielded a Gross Premium of ₹377.70 crore (US$45 million) during the year 2022-23. It recorded a gross premium of ₹15,993 crore (US$1.9 billion) in the financial year 2022–23. Also In the financial year 2024-25 It recorded a gross premium of 20,434 crore globally
Tomas Olsson
Tomas Kenneth Olsson (18 March 1976 – 16 May 2006) was a Swedish adventurer and ski mountaineer. He was born in Kristinehamn but grew up in Borås. He took an engineering degree at Linköping University in 2001, after which he moved to Chamonix in France to focus on skiing. He specialized in skiing down some of the world's highest and steepest mountains. He had gone from the top of Aconcagua in Argentina (6960 m), Lenin Peak in Kyrgyzstan (7134 m), Muztagh Ata (7546 m) and Kuksay Peak (7134 m) in China and Cho Oyu in Tibet (8201 m).

In May 2006, Olsson was found dead after attempting a first descent of the North Face of Mount Everest.

Ski mountaineering
Ski mountaineering (abbreviated to skimo) is a skiing discipline that involves climbing mountains either on skis or carrying them, depending on the steepness of the ascent, and then descending on skis. There are two major categories of equipment used: free-heel telemark skis and skis based on alpine skis, where the heel is free for ascents, but is fixed during descent. The discipline may be practiced recreationally or as a competitive sport.

Competitive ski mountaineering is typically a timed racing event that follows an established trail through challenging winter alpine terrain while passing through a series of checkpoints. Racers climb and descend under their own power using backcountry skiing equipment and techniques. More generally, ski mountaineering is an activity that variously combines ski touring, telemark, backcountry skiing, and mountaineering.

Ski mountaineering made its debut as an Olympic Games event in the 2026 Winter Olympics.
Air-to-air rocket
An air-to-air rocket or air interception rocket is an unguided projectile fired from aircraft to engage other flying targets. They were used briefly in World War I to engage enemy observation balloons and in and after World War II to engage enemy bombers. Fighters were too maneuverable to be effectively engaged with rockets.

Projectile
A projectile is an object that is propelled by the application of an external force and then moves freely under the influence of gravity and air resistance. Although any objects in motion through space are projectiles, they are commonly found in warfare and sports (for example, a thrown baseball, kicked football, fired bullet, shot arrow, a ball from a cannon, stone released from catapult).

In ballistics, mathematical equations of motion are used to analyze projectile trajectories through launch, flight, and impact.
Robyn Parker
Robyn Mary Parker (born 3 August 1958) is an Australian  former politician. She was a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly representing Maitland for the Liberal Party from 2011 to 2015 and was previously a member of the Legislative Council of New South Wales between 2003 and 2011. Parker was the New South Wales Minister for the Environment and the Minister for Heritage in the O'Farrell government from 2011 until April 2014. Parker was succeeded by Rob Stokes in the Baird cabinet.

Minister for Heritage (New South Wales)
The New South Wales minister for heritage is currently The Hon. Penny Sharpe MLC since March 2023. The actual title of minister for heritage was revived in 2021 having previously only been used for two separate periods, 1986-1988 and 2011-2019.

The NSW Heritage Act was introduced in 1977, along with the creation of the Heritage Council which informs its administration. The purpose of the act is to encourage the conservation of the State’s heritage, identify and protect items of significance, and to assist owners with the conservation of items of significance. The act is currently up for review, as it seen by the current administration as burdened by "costly regulatory obstacles".
Missouri Lottery
The Missouri Lottery is the state-run lottery in Missouri. It is a charter member of the Multi-State Lottery Association (MUSL). As of 2022, the lottery offers Powerball, Mega Millions, Cash4Life, Lotto, Show Me Cash, Pick 4, Pick 3, Cash Pop, Club Keno, scratchers, and pull-tabs. The minimum age to buy a ticket is 18.

The lottery was approved by voters in 1984 with 70% of the vote; the first sales beginning in 1986. Over $7 billion has been earned from the lottery for education.

Pull-tab
A pull-tab is a gambling ticket for a pull-tab game. Other names for the game include Break-Opens, Nevada Tickets, Cherry Bells, Lucky 7s, Pickle Cards, Pickle Tickets, Instant Bingo, Bowl Games, or Popp-Opens.

Physical pull-tab tickets are multi-layered paper tickets containing symbols hidden behind perforated tabs. The player opens the perforated windows on the ticket to reveal a winning combination. The player turns in the winning ticket for a prize. Electronic analogues have also been created.
Brian Hardy
Christianity portal

The Very Reverend   Brian Albert Hardy (3 July 1931 – 16 November 2019)  was Dean of Edinburgh from 1986 to 1991.

Educated at St John's College, Oxford,  he was ordained after a period of study at Westcott House Cambridge, deacon in 1957  and priest in 1958. He was the curate at Rugeley from 1957 to 1962 then Chaplain at Downing College, Cambridge from 1962 to 1966.  He was Curate in charge at Livingston from 1966 to 1974; Churches’ Planning Officer for Telford from 1974 to 1978; Chaplain to Edinburgh Theological College from 1978 to 1982; Rector of St Columba's by the Castle Edinburgh from 1982 to 1991. before his time as Dean.

St John's College, Oxford
St John's College is a constituent college of the University of Oxford. Founded as a men's college in 1555, it has been coeducational since 1979. Its founder, Sir Thomas White, intended to provide a source of educated Roman Catholic clerics to support the Counter-Reformation under Queen Mary.

St John's is the wealthiest college in Oxford, with assets worth over £790 million as of 2022, largely due to nineteenth-century suburban development of land in the city of Oxford of which it is the ground landlord.

The college occupies a site on St Giles' and in 2024 had a student body of 419 undergraduates and 244 postgraduates. There are over 100 academic staff, and a like number of other staff. In 2018 St John's topped the Norrington Table, the annual ranking of Oxford colleges' final results, and in 2021, St John's ranked second with a score of 79.8.
TDU
TDU may stand for:

Territorial Defense of Ukraine

Test Drive Unlimited, a 2006 video game

Tour Down Under, a cycling competition in Australia

Teamsters for a Democratic Union, a movement to reform the Teamsters labor union

Trash disposal unit, a life support system on submarines

Institute of Trans-Disciplinary Health Sciences and Technology, a private university in India

Tokyo Denki University, a private university in Japan

University of Trans-Disciplinary Health Sciences and Technology
University of Trans-Disciplinary Health Sciences and Technology (TDU), formerly Institute of Trans-Disciplinary Health Sciences and Technology, is a private university located in Bangalore, Karnataka, India. The university was established in 2013 by the Foundation for Revitalization of Local Health Tradition (FRLHT) through The Institute of Trans-disciplinary Health Sciences and Technology Act, 2013. The founders of FRLHT and TDU are Sam Pitroda and Anant Darshan Shankar, the latter serving as the vice chancellor of TDU.
Russian Highways
The State Company Russian Highways (Russian: Государственная компания «Российские автомобильные дороги», commonly referred to as Avtodor) is the Russian state infrastructure and highway service company. The company was founded in 2009, and is based in Moscow.

Avtodor allocates and manages funds from the federal budget for the construction, development and operation of motorways and highways. Avtodor attracts private sector investments in the implementation of long-term infrastructure projects.

From 2013 to 2016, Avtodor announced bids for ten large-scale projects, including the financing, construction and operation of four central ring road start-up blocks, two phases in the construction of the new Moscow–Saint Petersburg motorway and a road to Tsemdolina that is part of the Novorossiysk transport hub.  Bids were also announced for the design, renovation and operation of an M1 highway section and operation contracts for two M4 highway sections.

Tsemdolina
44°45′N 37°43′E﻿ / ﻿44.750°N 37.717°E﻿ / 44.750; 37.717

Tsemdolina (Russian: Цемдолина) is a locality on the territory of the City of Novorossiysk in Krasnodar Krai, Russia. While it is commonly being referred to as a selo, it is not officially classified as a separate inhabited locality and is thus not included in the registries of populated places.
Litter, Pulwama district
Litar Shahoora is a notified area and a town in Pulwama district of Jammu and Kashmir, India. It is located 13 km (8.1 mi) towards east from District headquarters Pulwama and 40 km (25 mi) from the summer capital of Srinagar. It is situated on the banks of Rambi Ara, which line Litar Shahoora Pulwama with Aglar.

The tehsil headquarters of Shahoora tehsil are located in Litar.

The main locations which attract people are the shrine of Ziyarat-e-Sayiddah, which is under maintained by Tourist Department, which enhances the beauty of town.

Rambi Ara
Rambi Ara is a river and tributary to the River Jhelum located in Shopian District in the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir.

It joins the Veshaw River near Sangam in Anantnag District before the confluence finally meets the Jhelum. The Rambi Ara originates in the Pir Panjal Range and has two major tributaries. The Rambi Ara is known for fluctuating water levels and is often affected by flash floods.
Chellian
In geology, and archeology, Chellian or Chellean was the name given by the French anthropologist G. de Mortillet to the first epoch of the Quaternary period when the earliest human remains were discovered. The word is derived from the French town Chelles in the department of Seine-et-Marne.

Seine-et-Marne
Seine-et-Marne (French pronunciation: [sɛn e maʁn] ⓘ; lit. 'Seine and Marne') is a department in the Île-de-France region in Northern France. Named after the rivers Seine and Marne, it is the region's largest department with an area of 5,915 square kilometres (2,284 square miles); it roughly covers its eastern half. In 2019, it had a population of 1,421,197. Its prefecture is Melun, although both Meaux and Chelles have larger populations.
Dærick Gröss Sr.
Richard Gröss (January 28, 1947 – December 8, 2023), known professionally as Dærick Gröss Sr., was an American illustrator, writer, editor, and art director. Gröss worked at comic book companies Marvel Comics, DC Comics, Chaos! Comics, Image Comics, and Innovation Publishing, primarily in the 1990s, and afterwards at his own company, Studio G, with his son, Dærick Gröss. He was the visual editor at inDELible Comics, and the art director at ACP Comics Archived 2021-04-20 at the Wayback Machine.

Excalibur (comic book)
Excalibur is the name of several superhero comic books published by Marvel Comics since 1988, generally featuring the team of the same name.

The first volumes ran for 125 issues, complemented by several one-shot special editions, between 1987 and 1998. The second was a four-issue limited series published in 2001, and the third an ongoing series printed from 2004 and 2005 before being relaunched as New Excalibur. While featuring some of the same characters and concepts, the second and third series did not centre on an Excalibur team. The 2019 series, complete with the return of the eponymous team, was revived as part of the Dawn of X X-Men relaunch.
2000 WTA Tour Championships
The 2000 WTA Tour Championships, also known by its sponsored name The Chase Championships was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Madison Square Garden in New York City, New York in the United States. It was the 30th edition of the year-end singles championships, the 25th edition of the year-end doubles championships, and was part of the 2000 WTA Tour. The tournament was held from November 13 through November 19, 2000. First-seeded Martina Hingis won the singles event and the accompanying $500,000 first prize money as well as 390 ranking points. It was the last edition of the WTA Tour Championships to be held in New York.

Five players, Venus Williams, Serena Williams, Mary Pierce, Amélie Mauresmo and Anke Huber, had qualified for the tournament but withdrew citing various injuries and ailments.

Anke Huber
Anke Huber (born 4 December 1974) is a German retired professional tennis player. She was the runner-up in women's singles at the 1996 Australian Open and the 1995 WTA Finals. Huber won 12 singles and one doubles title on the WTA Tour. She finished inside the top 20 for 10 seasons and achieved a career-high ranking of four in October 1996.
Obeticholic acid
Obeticholic acid (OCA), sold under the brand name Ocaliva, is a semi-synthetic bile acid analogue which has the chemical structure 6α-ethyl-chenodeoxycholic acid.  It is used as a medication used to treat primary biliary cholangitis. Intercept Pharmaceuticals Inc. hold the worldwide rights to develop OCA outside Japan and China, where it is licensed to Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma.

Sumitomo Pharma
Sumitomo Pharma Company Limited (住友ファーマ株式会社, Sumitomo Fāma Kabushiki-Gaisha) is a Japanese multinational pharmaceutical company. The company is focused on oncology, psychiatry, neurology, women's health issues, urological diseases among other areas. Its headquarters are located in Chuo-ku, Osaka.
Gaolatlhe Kgabo
Gaolatlhe David Kgabo is a South African politician and a Member of Parliament (MP) for the African National Congress (ANC). He was elected to the National Assembly of South Africa in the 2024 South African general election in North West constituency.

Parliament of South Africa
The Parliament of the Republic of South Africa is South Africa's legislature. It is located in Cape Town; the country's legislative capital.

Under the present Constitution of South Africa, the bicameral Parliament comprises a National Assembly and a National Council of Provinces. The current twenty-eighth Parliament was first convened on 14 June 2024.

From 1910 to 1994, members of Parliament were elected chiefly by the South African white minority.  The first elections with universal suffrage were held in 1994.

Both chambers held their meetings in the Houses of Parliament, Cape Town that were built 1875–1884. A fire broke out within the buildings in early January 2022, destroying the session room of the National Assembly. It was decided that, during construction work at Parliament, the National Assembly would temporarily meet at the Good Hope Chamber.
Pasala Suryachandra Rao
Pasala Suryachandra Rao was an Indian freedom fighter and politician who served as the first Deputy Speaker of Andhra State Legislative Assembly from 1953 to 1954. He was an MLA from Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party and represented Alampuram constituency in West Godavari district. He was also elected to Andhra Pradesh Legislative Council two times. He belonged to the Kapu community. He died on 17 January 2004. After his death, his assets were mired in controversial land deals.

Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party
The Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party (KMPP, lit. 'Farmer Worker People's Party'  or 'Peasant Worker People's Party', short name: Praja Party) was a political party in India. Established in 1951, it merged with the Socialist Party to form the Praja Socialist Party the following year. However, the Andhra Pradesh unit of the party subsequently revived the original organisation under the name Praja Party, which continued to exist until 1953.
Business-firm party
A business-firm party, entrepreneurial party, personal party or personalist party is a type of political party that is centered on a charismatic political entrepreneur, most often created by that person to further their own interests.

Tomio Okamura
Tomio Okamura (岡村 富夫, Okamura Tomio; born 4 July 1972) is a Japanese-born Czech far-right politician and entrepreneur, serving as the president of the Chamber of Deputies since November 2025. Okamura was the founder of the political parties Dawn of Direct Democracy and Freedom and Direct Democracy (SPD). He has been a member of the Chamber of Deputies since 2013. Okamura served in the Senate representing Zlín from 2012 to 2013.
Saeed Abubakr Zakaria
Saeed Abubakr Zakaria is a Ghanaian Islamic scholar and leader of the Anbariya Islamic Institute in Tamale, Ghana. He is the spiritual leader of Anbariya Sunni Community in Ghana. He succeeded Afa Ajura, who died on 22 December 2004.

Zakaria studied at the Islamic University of Madinah in the 1970s after receiving a scholarship. He returned to the Institute to teach after he graduated in 1985 with a BA in Islamic law and an M.A. in Islamic theology. Zakaria served as an Imam in Canada from 1997 until May 2007, when he returned to Ghana to head the Anbariya Islamic Institute.

Tamale, Ghana
Tamale (Dagbani: [ˈtamali]) is the capital city of the Northern Region of Ghana. It is Ghana's third largest city, with a population of 374,744 people (185,051 males and 189,693 females) as of 2021 population census).: 67  The city has been ranked as the fastest-growing city in West Africa. Tamale is located in the Kingdom of Dagbon, Ghana's oldest Kingdom. It is traditionally inhabited by Dagombas, and other current residents are Gonja, Mamprusi and Akan. As of 2025, the Mayor is Hon. Abu Takoro.

The city grew from a small village to an important economic center in the Northern Territories after the British government established administrative headquarters in the area. It became the capital of the Northern Region in 1960.: 1, 2, 15  The local economy is based on agriculture, followed by trading, teaching, and manufactures.: 42

Economic activities in Tamale revolve around farming and trading.
Baked apple
A baked apple is a dish consisting of an apple baked in an oven, until it becomes soft. The core is usually removed and the resulting cavity is stuffed with sweet or savory fillings and seasonings. Pears and quinces may be prepared in the same way.

Baked apples are found in many European cuisines, including colonial ones. In Germany, baked apples are often served during the Christmas season.

Quince
The quince (/ˈkwɪns/; Cydonia oblonga) is the sole member of the genus Cydonia in the Malinae subtribe (which contains apples, pears, and other fruits) of the Rosaceae family. It is a deciduous tree that bears hard, aromatic bright golden-yellow pome fruit, similar in appearance to a pear. Ripe quince fruits are hard, tart, and astringent. They are eaten raw or processed into jam, quince cheese, or alcoholic drinks.

The quince tree is sometimes grown as an ornamental plant for its attractive pale pink blossoms and as a miniature bonsai plant.
Alexander Alexandrovich Chuprov
Alexander Alexandrovich Chuprov or Tschuprov (Russian: Алекса́ндр Алекса́ндрович Чупро́в; February 18, 1874 – April 19, 1926) was a Russian statistician who worked on mathematical statistics, sample survey theory and demography.

Asymptotic theory (statistics)
In statistics, asymptotic theory, or large sample theory, is a framework for assessing properties of estimators and statistical tests. Within this framework, it is often assumed that the sample size n may grow indefinitely; the properties of estimators and tests are then evaluated under the limit of n → ∞. In practice, a limit evaluation is considered to be approximately valid for large finite sample sizes too.
Sylvester
Sylvester or Silvester is a name derived from the Latin adjective silvestris meaning "wooded" or "wild", which derives from the noun silva meaning "woodland". Classical Latin spells this with i. In Classical Latin, y represented a separate sound distinct from i, not a native Latin sound but one used in transcriptions of foreign words. After the Classical period y was pronounced as i. Spellings with Sylv- in place of Silv- date from after the Classical period.

Adjective
An adjective (abbreviated ADJ) is a word that describes or defines a noun or noun phrase. Its semantic role is to change information given by the noun.
The adjective is considered one of the main parts of speech of the English language, although historically they were classed together with nouns. Nowadays, certain words that usually had been classified as adjectives, including the, this, my, etc., typically are classed separately, as determiners.

Examples:

That used to be an immensely funny idea. (Prepositive attributive)

That idea is funny. (Predicative)

Tell me something funny. (Postpositive attributive)

The good, the bad, and the funny. (Substantive)

Clara Oswald, completely funny, died three times. (Appositive)
Petrus Astronomus
Petrus Astronomus, O.Ss.S., (died after 1513), a German by birth, was a Bridgettine monk in Vadstena Abbey, Vadstena, Sweden.  In 1506, he created an astronomical clock for the Uppsala Cathedral, which, in addition to the hours and minutes of the day, also illustrated the moon phase and the movements of the planets. The clock was repaired by Christopher Polhem in the 17th century but destroyed in a fire in 1702.

He first appears by name as a lecturer in astronomy at Uppsala University, where between 1508 and 1509 he conducted a series of lectures.

He is sometimes erroneously confused for Conrad Dasypodius who constructed the astronomic clockwork in the Strassbourg cathedral.

Vadstena
Vadstena (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈvâsːˌteːna] ⓘ) is a locality and the seat of Vadstena Municipality, Östergötland County, Sweden, with 5,802 inhabitants in 2023. From 1974 to 1979 Vadstena was administered as part of Motala Municipality.

Despite its small population, Vadstena is, for historical reasons, still referred to as a city: though it received its city privileges in 1400), Statistics Sweden only counts  as cities Swedish urban localities with more than 10,000 inhabitants.