hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Johan Willem de Stürler
Johan Willem de Stürler (also Johan Wilhelm de Sturler, Jean Guillaume de Sturler and Jean Guillaume de Stürler, Sittard, 7 December 1774 - Paris, 9 January 1855) was a Dutch colonel and director of the Dutch trading post at Dejima, Nagasaki, Japan.

Sittard
Sittard (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈsɪtɑrt]; Limburgish: Zitterd [ˈzɪtəʀt]) is a city in the Netherlands, situated in the southernmost province of Limburg.

The town is part of the municipality of Sittard-Geleen and has almost 37,500 inhabitants in 2016.

In its east, Sittard borders the German municipality of Selfkant (in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia).

The city centre is located at 45 m above sea level.
Walter F. Rogosheske
Walter Frederick Rogosheske (July 12, 1914 – May 15, 1998) was an American jurist and politician.

Born in Sauk Rapids, Minnesota, Rogosheske attended Sauk Rapids High School, St. Cloud State University, and Valparaiso University. He received his bachelor's degree from the University of Minnesota in 1937 and his law degree from the University of Minnesota Law School. Rogesheske served in the United States Army during World War II. He served in the Minnesota House of Representatives from 1943 to 1949 as a Republican. Rogosheske moved to Little Falls, Minnesota, in 1950, when he was appointed a Minnesota District Court judge. He served on the Minnesota Supreme Court from 1962 to 1980.

St. Cloud State University
St. Cloud State University (SCSU) is a public university in St. Cloud, Minnesota, United States. Founded in 1869, the university is one of the largest institutions in the Minnesota State Colleges and Universities system. In the fall of 2023, it enrolled 8,430 undergraduate and 2,084 graduate students.
Ralph A. Oliver
Ralph A. Oliver (July 31, 1886 – October 13, 1968) was a justice of the Iowa Supreme Court from December 14, 1938, to October 1, 1962, appointed from Woodbury County, Iowa by Governor Kraschel following the death of Justice Parsons.

Woodbury County, Iowa
Woodbury County is a county located in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 105,941, and was estimated to be 107,257 in 2024, making it the seventh-most populous county in Iowa. The county seat and the largest city is Sioux City.

Woodbury County is included in the Sioux City metropolitan area.
How to Fly
"How to Fly" is a song by Australian indie rock band Sticky Fingers. It was released in October 2013 alongside its video as the fourth and final single from their debut studio album Caress Your Soul.

In July 2020, a Chrome Friends and Very Yes remix was released.

In 2025, the song was certified 2× platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA).

Caress Your Soul
Caress Your Soul is the debut studio album by Australian rock band Sticky Fingers. It was produced by Dann Hume and released through Sureshaker in March 2013. Caress Your Soul debuted at number 39 on the ARIA Charts. The album was certified platinum in Australia in 2020.
Molzahn
Molzahn is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alexander Molzahn (1907–1998), German cellist and university teacher

Johannes Molzahn (1892–1965), German artist

Tenley Molzahn (born 1984), American dancer and television personality

Tenley Molzahn
Tenley Nora Molzahn Leopold (née Molzahn; born May 19, 1984) is an American dancer and television personality known for her appearances as a cast member on three ABC reality shows, The Bachelor: On the Wings of Love (2010),  Bachelor Pad (2010), and  Bachelor in Paradise (2015).
Oliver S. Powell (banker)
Oliver S. Powell (September 17, 1896 – July 26, 1963) was an American economist, educator and author who was a member of the Federal Reserve Board of Governors from 1949 to 1952. After leaving the Federal Reserve Board, Powell was elected as president and CEO of the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis from 1952 to 1957.

He was born in White Rock, South Dakota. Powell married Ada. He had a daughter and two sons, Mrs. W. R. Jerome, Richard O. and Robert B. He lived on Casco Avenue in Edina, Minnesota. He died on July 25, 1963. He was buried in Lakewood Cemetery.

Edina, Minnesota
Edina (locally /iːˈdaɪnə/ ⓘ ee-DY-nə, /ɪˈdaɪnə/ ih-DY-nə) is a city in Hennepin County, Minnesota, United States and a first-ring suburb of Minneapolis. The population was 53,494 at the 2020 census, making it the 18th most populous city in Minnesota.

Edina began as a small farming and milling community along Minnehaha Creek in the 1860s and became one of Minneapolis's first incorporated suburbs in 1888. After years of being a streetcar suburb, Edina saw expanded development as a car-centric suburb in the 1950s and 1960s.

The city is known for its shopping, parks, and high quality of life and also has the nation's oldest indoor mall, the Southdale Center.
Graham Fleury
Graham Fleury (born 28 June 1959) is a sailor from Ōtāhuhu, New Zealand. who represented his country at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain as crew member in the Soling. With helmsman Russell Coutts and fellow crew member Simon Daubney they took the 8th place.

Sailing at the 1992 Summer Olympics – Soling
The Soling Competition at the 1992 Summer Olympics was held from 27 July to 4 August 1992 in Barcelona, Spain. The competition was for the first time in a combined format. First the competitors had to sail a series of six fleet races. Points were awarded for placement in each race. The best five out of six race scores counted for placement in the match race series. After the fleetraces the top 6 placed boats sailed a round-robin series of match races. After the round-robin the best four proceeded to the semi-finals. Here the boat placed 1st met the boat placed 4th and the boat placed 2nd met the boat placed 3rd in a best out of three series of match races. Finally the winners of the semi-finals met in the final best out of three match races. The losers of the semi-finals also met in a best out of three series of matches for the bronze medal.
Daniel Vargas (volleyball)
Daniel Vargas  (born 1 September 1986) is a Mexican male volleyball player,   a member of  Mexico men's national volleyball team, where he played at the Olympic Games 2016 Rio, and at the 2014 FIVB Volleyball Men's World Championship in Poland. Before joining the national team, Daniel played for Pumas UNAM, while doing his masters and undergraduate studies in  Electrical Engineering at the  National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM).

2014 FIVB Men's Volleyball World Championship
The 2014 FIVB Men's Volleyball World Championship was held in Poland from 30 August to 21 September 2014. The tournament featured 24 teams to determine the world champions in men's volleyball. In addition to the host nation Poland, 23 teams qualified for the tournament through continental and regional competitions. The matches took place in seven venues across seven Polish cities, with the final being played at Spodek, Katowice.

The tournament was won by the hosts Poland, who beat Brazil (who had won the previous three titles) in the final. Poland became the third team in the history of the competition to be crowned as champions in their own country, joining the Soviet Union (1952 and 1962) and Czechoslovakia (1966).

563,263 fans watched the matches during the 18-day event, smashing the previous records in the competition. In Italy four years earlier, the total was 339,324, while in Japan in 2006, it was 298,352.
Tseko Taabe
Tseko Benedict Taabe is a South African politician who represented Mpumalanga in the National Council of Provinces during the 23rd South African Parliament from 1999 to 2004. He was a member of the African National Congress. In 2006, he pled guilty in the trial resulting from the Travelgate scandal.

After leaving Parliament, Taabe was a businessman. He was also involved in local government in Mpumalanga: he was appointed as administrator in Thaba Chweu Local Municipality and deputy administrator in Thembisile Hani Local Municipality when the towns were placed under administration in 2005 and 2010 respectively. In September 2015, he announced that he had resigned from the ANC to join the opposition Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF). Six months later, EFF provincial leader Collen Sedibe said that he had left the party to return to the ANC.

Mpumalanga (National Assembly of South Africa constituency)
Mpumalanga (Swazi: iMpumalanga) is one of the nine multi-member constituencies of the National Assembly of South Africa, the lower house of the Parliament of South Africa, the national legislature of South Africa. The constituency was established as Eastern Transvaal in 1994 when the National Assembly was established by the Interim Constitution following the end of Apartheid. It was renamed Mpumalanga in 1999. It is conterminous with the province of Mpumalanga. The constituency currently elects 15 of the 400 members of the National Assembly using the closed party-list proportional representation electoral system. At the 2019 general election it had 1,951,776 registered electors.
National Curriculum and Textbook Board
The National Curriculum and Textbook Board (NCTB; Bengali: জাতীয় শিক্ষাক্রম ও পাঠ্যপুস্তক বোর্ড) is an autonomous organization under the Ministry of Education in Bangladesh, responsible for the development of curriculums, production and distribution of textbooks at primary and secondary education levels in Bangladesh.

All public schools and many private schools in Bangladesh follow the curriculum of NCTB. Starting in 2010, every year free books are distributed to students between Grade-1 to Grade-10 to eliminate illiteracy. These books comprise most of the curricula of the majority of Bangladeshi schools. There are two versions of the curriculum. One is the Bengali language version and the other one is English language version.

Ministry of Education (Bangladesh)
The Ministry of Education (Bengali: শিক্ষা মন্ত্রণালয়, romanized: Śikkhā Montronaloy; abbreviated as MoE) is a ministry of the Government of Bangladesh responsible for secondary, higher, and tertiary education. Primary education and mass literacy fall under the separate Ministry of Primary and Mass Education, which oversees primary schools, literacy programs, and nationwide basic education initiatives.
Ilona Szwarc
Ilona Szwarc (b. 1984, Warsaw) is a Polish photographer now residing in the United States. She attended School of Visual Arts and Yale University. In 2013 she assembled her series American Girls The series consists of 100 photographs created with a 4x5 large format camera. In 2015 she created the magazine I am a Woman and I Feast on Memory.

In 2013 she received a third place World Press Photo prize, in the Observed Portraits category. In 2014 she received the Arnold Newman Prize for New Directions in Photographic Portraiture. In 2015 she was awarded the Richard Benson Prize for Excellence in Photography and in 2020 she was a finalist for a Hopper Prize In 2017 she was included in the FOAM Talent London exhibition (for artists under the age of 35).

Her work is in the Yale University Art Gallery, and the National Museum of Women in the Arts (NMWA)

World Press Photo
World Press Photo Foundation is an independent, non-profit organization based in Amsterdam, Netherlands. Founded in 1955, the organization holds the annual World Press Photo Contest for press photography. Since 2011, World Press Photo has organized a separate annual contest for journalistic multimedia productions, and, in association with Human Rights Watch, the annual Tim Hetherington Grant.
Mammatus cloud
Mammatus (also called mamma or  mammatocumulus, meaning "mammary cloud") is a cellular pattern of pouches hanging underneath the base of a cloud, typically a cumulonimbus raincloud, although they may be attached to other classes of parent clouds. The name mammatus is derived from the Latin mamma (meaning "udder" or "breast").

According to the WMO International Cloud Atlas, mamma is a cloud supplementary feature rather than a genus, species or variety of cloud. The distinct "lumpy" undersides form as cold air sinks, creating pockets that contrast with the rising puffs of clouds caused by the convection of warm air. These formations were first described in 1894 by William Clement Ley.

Cloud base
A cloud base (or the base of the cloud) is the lowest altitude of the visible portion of a cloud. It is traditionally expressed either in metres or feet above mean sea level or above a planetary surface, or as the pressure level corresponding to this altitude in hectopascals (hPa, equivalent to the millibar).
I Hate Myself and Want to Die (book)
I Hate Myself and Want to Die: The 52 Most Depressing Songs You've Ever Heard is a popular book by Tom Reynolds. It was published in 2005. In this book, Reynolds analyses 52 songs and ranks them in order of what he thinks is the most depressing. The three songs at the top of his list are "The Christmas Shoes" by Christian rock band NewSong, Harry Chapin's "The Shortest Story", and Bobby Goldsboro's "Honey"

The book was reviewed in The Sunday Times, NME, Entertainment Weekly and others. The title is a reference to a Nirvana song.

The Christmas Shoes (song)
"The Christmas Shoes" is a Christmas-themed song by the Christian vocal group NewSong. It was written by NewSong group members Eddie Carswell and Leonard Ahlstrom as well as syndicated radio personality Isaiah "DC" Daniel (of Steve & DC).  The song was released through Benson Records as a bonus track on their 2000 album Sheltering Tree, at the urging of DC, who also co-produced the tune in the summer of 2000. It peaked at No. 31 on the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart spent one week at No. 1 on the Adult Contemporary chart and No. 42 on the Hot 100 chart.
James Smith (New Mexico politician)
James E. Smith is an American politician who served as a member of the New Mexico House of Representatives for the 22nd district from January 18, 2011 to 2018.

Smith also worked as an educator for 18 years and taught science at East Mountain High School in Sandia Park from 2006 through 2014, when he retired.

Sandia Park, New Mexico
Sandia Park is a census-designated place  in Bernalillo County, New Mexico, United States. Its population was 237 as of the 2010 census and 265 as of the 2020 census. Sandia Park has a post office with ZIP code 87047.

Tinkertown Museum is an attraction in the area.
Will Payne (actor)
Will Payne  is an English actor.

Will Payne grew up in Bath, Somerset, and is the younger brother of actor Tom Payne. He attended Kingswood School before going on to do a foundation year at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art, graduating in 2009.

In 2012, he appeared in the feature film Elfie Hopkins, starring opposite Jaime Winstone and Ray Winstone. In the same year, he played George Harrison in the West End stage adaptation of Backbeat, directed by five time Tony Award nominee David Leveaux.

He was featured in Nylon Magazine's 2012 Young Hollywood Issue.

Payne played the role of Tony Travers in the ITV drama Mr Selfridge.

In 2015, Payne had a starring role (Johnny Valentine) in the world premiere of Teddy at the Southwark Playhouse.

Jaime Winstone
Jaime Margaret Winstone (born 6 May 1985) is an English actress, best known for her roles in   Kidulthood (2006), Goldplated (2006), Dead Set (2008), Donkey Punch (2008), Boogie Woogie (2009), Made in Dagenham (2010), Anuvahood (2011), Wild Bill (2011), Mad Dogs (2013), Love, Rosie (2014), After Hours (2015), The Last Photograph (2017), Tomb Raider (2018), Knuckledust (2020), A Brixton Tale (2021), and Sumotherhood (2023).

She is notable for her portrayal of Barbara Windsor in Babs (2017), and playing younger Peggy Mitchell in EastEnders (2022, 2025), who had previously been portrayed by Windsor.
Pennsylvania State Constables
The office of the Pennsylvania State Constable is a municipally elected, sworn law enforcement officer throughout the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.

Pennsylvania State Constables are elected in each borough, township, and city ward in the Commonwealth—except in Philadelphia (although constables may still exercise authority in the City of Philadelphia) — and serve six-year terms. Constables may be appointed by the Court of Common Pleas of the county to serve out a term when an elected position becomes vacant.

Coroner
A coroner is a government or judicial official who is empowered to conduct or order an inquest into the manner or cause of death. The official may also investigate or confirm the identity of an unknown person who has been found dead within the coroner's jurisdiction.

In Medieval England, English coroners were Crown officials who held financial powers and conducted some judicial investigations in order to counterbalance the power of sheriffs or bailiffs.

Depending on the jurisdiction, the coroner may adjudge the cause of death personally, or may act as the presiding officer of a special court (a "coroner's jury"). The term coroner derives from the same source as the word crown.
Innsbrucker Mittelgebirgsbahn
The Innsbruck Mittelgebirgsbahn, colloquially also Mittelgebirgsbahn, Igler, Sechser or Waldstraßenbahn and marketed since June 2024 as the Waldbahn (“forest line”) – is the present-day Line 6 of the Innsbruck tramway. The 8.362 km-long metre gauge interurban tramway was originally licensed as a light railway. It serves the Paschberg, a wooded hill south-east of Innsbruck on the Tyrolean Upland (Tiroler Mittelgebirge), which gave the line its name. Opened in 1900, it has since linked the Innsbruck district of Wilten with the villages of Aldrans, Lans, Sistrans and Igls. Formerly an important means of local transport, it today also functions as an excursion line into a popular local recreation area. In earlier years services to and from Igls were repeatedly through-worked to the city centre. In June 2024 urban operation of Line 6 was resumed: it now runs hourly via Bergisel station through Museumsstraße to the Mühlauer Brücke terminus.

Lans, Tyrol
Lans is a town in the district of Innsbruck Land in the Austrian state of Tyrol. The village is located 8 km (15 minutes by car) south of the city of Innsbruck.

Lans is located on the old salt road and was first mentioned in 1180 as "Lannes". The main attractions are the lake Lanser See, several good restaurants and the health center Lanserhof. In summer, the golf resort Sperberegg is an additional attraction.
Al Schellhase
Albert Herman Schellhase (September 13, 1864 – January 3, 1919) was an American Major League Baseball player. He was primarily an outfielder with the Boston Beaneaters of the National League in 1890 and played catcher for the 1891 Louisville Colonels of the American Association.

American Association (1882–1891)
The American Association of Base Ball Clubs (AA) was a professional baseball league that existed for 10 seasons from 1882 to 1891. Together with the National League (NL), founded in 1876, the AA participated in an early version of the World Series seven times versus the champion of the NL in an interleague championship playoff tournament. At the end of its run, several AA franchises joined the NL. After 1891, the NL existed alone, with each season's champions being awarded the Temple Cup (1894–1897).

During its existence, the AA was often simply referred to as "the Association" in the media, in contrast to the NL, which was sometimes called "the League". It was also sometimes called the "Beer and Whiskey League".
Albert Grunow
Albert Grunow (3 November 1826, Berlin – 17 March 1914, Berndorf, Lower Austria) was a German-Austrian chemist and phycologist. He specialized in the study of diatoms.

From 1851 he worked as a chemist in a metal works factory in Berndorf. In 1857-59 he participated in the Austrian "Novara Expedition", and was tasked with analysis of its algal collections. Also, he served as a collector, preparator and determiner of specimens towards the development of Gottlob Ludwig Rabenhorst's diatom exsiccatae. Grunow himself co-edited two exsiccata series, one of them under the title Algae Ceylanicae, legit W. Ferguson, determ. A. Grunow with William Ferguson, the other under the title Types du synopsis de Diatomees de Belgique par le Dr. Henri Van Heurck. Déterminations, notes et diagnoses par M. A. Grunow with Henri van Heurck.

In 1901 he donated his collection of extant and fossil diatoms to the Natural History Museum of Vienna. He was a corresponding member of the Geologischen Reichsanstalt.

SMS Novara (1850)
SMS Novara was a sail frigate of the Austro-Hungarian Navy most noted for sailing the globe for the Novara Expedition of 1857–1859 and, later for carrying Archduke Maximilian and wife Carlota to Veracruz in May 1864 to reign as Emperor and Empress of Mexico.
Macau Chinese Bank
The Macau Chinese Bank Limited (Chinese: 澳門華人銀行有限公司; Portuguese: Banco Chinês de Macau, S.A.) is a bank in Macau, China.

The bank was formerly known as Finibanco (Macau) (Chinese: 富利銀行有限公司). It was acquired by Winwise Holdings Limited, the subsidiary of Hongkong Chinese Limited, in 2002 and renamed The Macau Chinese Bank, Limited. In 2007, Value Convergence Holdings, a subsidiary of Melco International Development, signed an agreement to acquire 60% stake of Macau Chinese Bank. However, in 2008, Value Convergence Holdings declared to give up the acquisition because Monetary Authority of Macao did not agree it before the agreement expiry date.

In 2015 the Chinese state-owned Nam Yue Group acquired a 56% stake in the bank from Hongkong Chinese Limited in two tranches. Two other natural persons also acquired 24% stake of the bank.

Melco International Development
Melco International Development Limited, formerly The Macao Electric Lighting Company Limited, is a multinational investment holding company based in Central, Hong Kong. Melco International invests in casino and hospitality business and other businesses in Hong Kong, Macau, the Philippines, and Cyprus. One of the 100 oldest companies in Hong Kong, it was founded in 1910 and listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange in 1927. Originally an electricity supplier to Macau, around 2001 Melco International diversified into casino development and operations, building casino resorts such as Studio City Macau, City of Dreams Macau, City of Dreams Manila, and Altira Macau. Currently the major subsidiary that Melco International operates is Melco Resorts & Entertainment Limited.
HLL
HLL can have several meanings:

High-level programming language, abbreviated to High-level Language.

Trading name for Healthcare Logistics Ltd., a Malta based health and care technology company

HLL Lifecare Limited (formerly Hindustan Latex Limited), an Indian Public Sector Undertaking

Horo Records hll jazz series, e.g. hll 101-4

Horizontal Life Line, used for  fall arrest

HyperLogLog, algorithm for the count-distinct problem

Hell Let Loose, multiplayer WWII first-person shooter video game

HLL Lifecare
HLL Lifecare Limited (formerly Hindustan Latex Limited) (HLL) is an Indian healthcare product manufacturing company based in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. It is a Government of India-owned corporation (public-sector undertaking).
Markos Kyprianou
Markos Kyprianou (Greek: Μάρκος Κυπριανού [ˈmarkos cipriaˈnu]; born 22 January 1960) is a Cypriot politician who served as Minister of Foreign Affairs until his official resignation on 19 July 2011, following the events of the Evangelos Florakis Naval Base explosion. A member of the Democratic Party, he was previously Cyprus's Minister of Finance from 2003 to 2004 and a European Commissioner from 2004 to 2008. He tendered his resignation as Commissioner on 29 February 2008 to become Foreign Minister in the government of President Dimitris Christofias; the resignation took effect on 3 March 2008, when his successor, Androulla Vassiliou, was confirmed as Commissioner.

European commissioner
A European commissioner is a member of the 27-member European Commission, the executive cabinet of the European Union. Their role is broadly equivalent to ministers at the national level, with each holding responsibility for a specific Directorate-General or group of them. The commission is led by the President of the European Commission, who serves as head of government for the European Union.