hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Barpe Bk.
Barpe Bk. is a village in Mulshi taluka of Pune District in the state of Maharashtra, India.Talukas surrounding the village are Karjat taluka, Talegaon Dabhade Taluka, Mawal taluka and by Khalapur taluka. Districts closest to the village are Raigad district, Thane district, Mumbai City district and Mumbai Suburban district.  Nearest railway stations around the village are  Vadgaon railway station, Begdewadi railway station, Lonavala railway station, Talegaon railway station and Kamshet railway station

Khalapur taluka
Khalapur taluka is a subdistrict/upazila/tehsil in Raigad district of Maharashtra. The headquarters of the taluka is Khalapur village. This taluka belongs to the Karjat sub-division, and comprises 130 villages, 5 revenue circles and 25 sajas. 56 villages of this taluka come under NAINA. Khalapur toll naka is one of the busiest tolls in the state as it serves as an important transit point for goods from the Nhava Sheva port to automative and industrial belt of Pimpri-Chinchwad.
Sebastian Peregrin Zwyer
Sebastian Peregrin Zwyer (of Evibach) (1597 – 15 February 1661) was a Swiss military commander, mercenary entrepreneur, and one of the foremost politicians of the Old Swiss Confederacy in the seventeenth century.

Canton of Uri
The canton of Uri (German: Kanton Uri [ˈuːri] ⓘ; Romansh: Chantun Uri; French: Canton d'Uri; Italian: Canton Uri) is one of the 26 cantons of Switzerland and a founding member of the Swiss Confederation. It is located in Central Switzerland. The canton's territory covers the valley of the Reuss between the St. Gotthard Pass and Lake Lucerne.

The official language of Uri is (the Swiss variety of Standard) German, but the main spoken dialect is the Alemannic Swiss German called Urner German.

Uri was once the only canton whose children in school had to learn Italian as their first foreign language, but in the school year of 2005/2006, that was changed to English, as in other Central and Northeastern Swiss cantons. The canton's population is about 35,000, of which 3,046 (or 8.7%) are foreigners.

The legendary William Tell is said to have hailed from Uri. The historical landmark Rütli lies within the canton of Uri.
Refugio Altiplano
Refugio Altiplano is a shamanic healing retreat in the Peruvian Amazon that specializes in ayahuasca ceremonies. Founded in 1996, it is one of the first ayahuasca retreats in Latin America to focus mainly on international clients. The retreat center is set on a 700-acre rainforest reserve adjacent to the Tamshiyacu River, a tributary of the Amazon River, and is reachable only by boat from Iquitos, Peru.

Peruvian Amazonia
Peruvian Amazonia (Spanish: Amazonía del Perú), informally known locally as the Peruvian jungle (Spanish: selva peruana) or just the jungle (Spanish: la selva), is the area of the Amazon rainforest in Peru, east of the Andes and Peru's borders with Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, and Bolivia. Peru has the second-largest portion of the Amazon rainforest after the Brazilian Amazon.
Teekloof Formation
The Teekloof Formation is a geological formation that forms part of the Beaufort Group, one of the five geological groups that comprises the Karoo Supergroup in South Africa. The Teekloof Formation is the uppermost formation of Adelaide Subgroup deposits West of 24ºE and contains Middle to Late Permian-aged (Guadalupian to Lopingian) deposits and four biozones (Pristerognathus, Tropidostoma, Cistecephalus, and Daptocephalus assemblage zones) of the Beaufort Group. It overlies the Abrahamskraal Formation (the western correlate of the Middleton Formation). The Teekloof Formation does not underlie other units other than the younger Karoo dolerites and sills that relate to the emplacement of the Early Jurassic Drakensberg Group to the east. Outcrops and exposures of the Teekloof Formation range from Sutherland through the mountain escarpments between Fraserburg and Beaufort West. The northernmost localities of the Teekloof Formation are found by Loxton, Victoria West and Richmond.

Beaufort West
Beaufort West (Afrikaans: Beaufort-Wes; Xhosa: eBhobhofolo) is a town in the Western Cape province in South Africa.  It is the largest town in the arid Great Karoo region, and is known as the "Capital of the Karoo". It forms part of the Beaufort West Local Municipality, with 34,085 inhabitants in 2011.

It is the centre of an agricultural district based mainly on sheep farming, and is a significant town and logistical support hub on the N1 national road.

Next door to Beaufort West is the Karoo National Park. Important Permian fossils have been found in the area to the west of the town. These were initially found by David Baird, son of the local magistrate in 1827. The old Town Hall and the Dutch Reformed Church have been declared national monuments.
Homer Sprague
Homer Baxter Sprague (October 19, 1829 – March 23, 1918) was an American author, educator, abolitionist, and Lieutenant Colonel of the Union Army. A native of Sutton, Massachusetts, Sprague was a Captain of the 13th Connecticut Infantry Regiment in 1861 when the American Civil War began, and quickly rose to the rank of Colonel before being captured as a prisoner of war by the Confederate Army in 1864. In 1865 he was released in a prisoner exchange, and remained active within the military until the end of the war.

He served as President of Mills College in California from 1885 to 1887, and was appointed President of the University of North Dakota in 1887. An early progressive voice in education, he served as president of Adelphi Academy in New York as it first opened its doors to female students. While there, he institutionalized the first fire drills in the United States school system.

Mills College at Northeastern University
Mills College at Northeastern University in Oakland, California is part of Northeastern University's global university system. Mills College was founded as the Young Ladies Seminary in 1852 in Benicia, California; it was relocated to Oakland in 1871 and became the second women's college west of the Rockies. In 2022, it merged with Northeastern University.
Patna–Bhabua Road Intercity Express
The Patna–Bhabua Road Intercity Express is an Express train belonging to East Central Railway zone that runs between Patna Junction and Bhabua Road in India. It is currently being operated with 13249/13250 train numbers on a daily basis.

East Central Railway zone
The East Central Railway (ECR) is one of the 19 railway zones in India, serving primarily the eastern and central regions of the country. Headquartered in Hajipur, Bihar, the zone manages a vast network of railway lines across five divisions: Sonpur, Samastipur, Dhanbad, Danapur & Deen Dayal Upadhyaya
New Zealand rabbit
The New Zealand is a breed of rabbit, which despite the name, is American in origin. The breed originated in California, possibly from rabbits imported from New Zealand. New Zealand rabbits are available in five colors recognized by the American Rabbit Breeders' Association (ARBA): white, red, black, blue, and broken. Crossbreeding can result in many other variations, such as gold tipped steel and chestnut agouti. They average 10–12 lb (4.5–5.4 kg) with the does being slightly larger than the bucks. New Zealands are bred for meat, pelts, show, and laboratory uses, being the most commonly used breed of rabbit both for testing and meat production. They are also bred as pet rabbits but mostly breed for meat.

Dewlap
A  dewlap is a longitudinal flap of skin or similar flesh that hangs beneath the lower jaw or neck of many vertebrates. More loosely, it can be various similar structures in the neck area, such as those caused by a double chin or the submandibular vocal sac of a frog. More generally, it can be any hanging mass of skin, such as a fold of loose skin on an elderly person's neck, or the wattle of a bird.  Dewlaps can be considered as a caruncle, defined as "a small, fleshy excrescence that is a normal part of an animal's anatomy".
St. Uriel's Episcopal Church
St. Uriel's Episcopal Church, also known as Church of St. Uriel the Archangel, or simply St. Uriel's, is an Episcopal church in Sea Girt, New Jersey. The church is an operating member of the Anglican Communion, and is aligned with the Anglo-Catholic churchmanship of Anglicanism. A history of the church by James B. Simpson entitled Regent of the Sun was published in 1988, on the occasion of the 85th anniversary of its founding.

The church reported 398 members in 2020 and 383 members in 2023; no membership statistics were reported in 2024 parochial reports. Plate and pledge income reported for the congregation in 2024 was $139,385 with average Sunday attendance (ASA) of 72 persons.

The parish banner was made by the Sisters of Bethany and dedicated at the church in 1958. Until that year, the church in Sea Girt was the only Anglican house of worship dedicated to the Archangel Uriel. It remains the only Episcopal church in the United States named after Saint Uriel the Archangel.

James B. Simpson
James B. Simpson (1927–2002) was a journalist, author and Episcopal priest, best known for writing several volumes of Simpson’s Contemporary Quotations, a set of books of quotations. His work continues to be a trusted and recognized favorite among journalists, scholars, academics and quote enthusiasts.
Dong Neng-2
Dong Neng-2 (Chinese: 动能-2; lit. 'Kinetic Energy 2') is an anti-satellite missile of the People's Liberation Army, developed in the early 2010s. It is designed as a low-Earth orbit interceptor which destroys orbiting satellites by high speed kinetic impact.

Projectile
A projectile is an object that is propelled by the application of an external force and then moves freely under the influence of gravity and air resistance. Although any objects in motion through space are projectiles, they are commonly found in warfare and sports (for example, a thrown baseball, kicked football, fired bullet, shot arrow, a ball from a cannon, stone released from catapult).

In ballistics, mathematical equations of motion are used to analyze projectile trajectories through launch, flight, and impact.
Rituals: Live in Japan
Rituals: Live in Japan is a live CD by Painkiller, a band featuring John Zorn, Bill Laswell, and Mick Harris, performing live in Tokyo in 1991 with guest guitar and vocals from Haino Keiji. The album was released on the Japanese label Toy's Factory in 1993.

It contains two performance "sets" by the band: "First Set" tracks 1–10 and "Second Set" tracks 11–17.

Toy's Factory
Toy's Factory Inc. (株式会社トイズファクトリー, Kabushiki-gaisha Toizu Fakutorī) is a Japanese record label founded in the late 1980s as a subsidiary of the entertainment company VAP, based in Japan. On May 30, 1990, it was established as an independent company. It is an associate member of the Recording Industry Association of Japan. By the first half of 2012, Toy's Factory was the fourth-biggest Japanese record label.
John Morse (Colorado politician)
John P. Morse (born November 4, 1958) is an American former politician who was a state senator in the Colorado Senate from 2007 to 2013, serving as president of the senate in 2013. He is a member of the Democratic Party. Morse represented Senate District 11, which encompassed at the time Manitou Springs, Colorado, and eastern Colorado Springs.

On September 10, 2013, Morse was recalled from office as a reaction to his involvement in passing gun control laws. He was the first legislator to be successfully recalled in the state's history.

Manitou Springs, Colorado
Manitou Springs is a home rule municipality located at the foot of Pikes Peak in western El Paso County, Colorado, United States. The town was founded for its natural mineral springs. The downtown area continues to be of interest to travelers, particularly in the summer, with many shops and restaurants, as well as a creekside city park. The main road through the center of town was one of the direct paths to the base of Pikes Peak. Barr Trail, which winds its way up Pikes Peak, is accessible from town. The subdivision Crystal Hills was added to the municipality in the 1960s.

The city population was 4,858 at the 2020 United States census. Students are served by Manitou Springs School District 14 and Manitou Springs High School.
K. Arumugam (Chengalpattu)
K. Arumugam is an Indian politician and a former Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) of Tamil Nadu. He hails from the village of Thirukachur in the Chengalpattu district.

A graduate with a Bachelor of Science (B.Sc.) degree, he is a member of the Pattali Makkal Katchi (PMK) party. He was elected to the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly from the Chengalpattu Assembly constituency in the 2001 and 2006 state elections.

Chengalpattu Assembly constituency
Chengalpattu is a state assembly constituency in Chengalpattu district, Tamil Nadu, India. It is one of the 234 assembly constituencies in Tamil Nadu and comprises parts of Chengalpattu taluk. It forms part of Kancheepuram Lok Sabha constituency for national elections to the Parliament of India.
Cysteine protease ATG4A
Cysteine protease ATG4A is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ATG4A gene.

Autophagy is the process by which endogenous proteins and damaged organelles are destroyed intracellularly. Autophagy is postulated to be essential for cell homeostasis and cell remodelling during differentiation, metamorphosis, non-apoptotic cell death, and aging. Reduced levels of autophagy have been described in some malignant tumors, and a role for autophagy in controlling the unregulated cell growth linked to cancer has been proposed. This gene encodes a member of the autophagin protein family. The encoded protein is also designated as a member of the C-54 family of cysteine proteases. Transcript variants that encode distinct isoforms have been identified.

Autophagin
Autophagin-1 (Atg4/Apg4) is a unique cysteine protease responsible for the cleavage of the carboxyl terminus of Atg8/Apg8/Aut7, a reaction essential for its lipidation during autophagy. Human Atg4 homologues cleave the carboxyl termini of the three human Atg8 homologues, microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3), GABARAP, and GATE-16.

The rapid advancement in our understanding of the mechanisms and regulation of autophagy has placed this process in the center of current research in major human disorders. The future challenge is to develop easy methods to separately manipulate the activity of each of the autophagic pathways. This would allow researchers to further understand their contribution to disease such as cancer, neurodegeneration, infectious disease, muscular disorders and possibly will provide therapeutic tools.
The North Central Review
The North Central Review is a weekly newspaper based in Kilmore, Australia published by The North Central Review Pty Ltd. The North Central Review primarily serves the north central areas of Victoria, from Wallan up to Puckapunyal and Seymour and shares many articles with other NCR weekly newspapers. Some of the newspaper's articles are available digitally through its website. The newspaper currently has a weekly circulation of 14,426.

Wallan
Wallan /ˈwɒlən/ ⓘ, traditionally known as Wallan Wallan (large circular place of water), is a town in Victoria, 45 kilometres (28 miles) north of Melbourne's Central Business District. The town sits at the southern end of the large and diverse Shire of Mitchell which extends from the northern fringes of Melbourne into the farming country of north-central Victoria and the lower Goulburn Valley. The township flanks the Hume Freeway and is set against the backdrop of the Great Dividing Range.  At the 2021 census it had a population of 15,004.
Molecular demon
A molecular demon or biological molecular machine is a biological macromolecule that resembles and seems to have the same properties as Maxwell's demon. These macromolecules gather information in order to recognize their substrate or ligand within a myriad of other molecules floating in the intracellular or extracellular plasm. This molecular recognition represents an information gain which is equivalent to an energy gain or decrease in entropy. When the demon is reset i.e. when the ligand is released, the information is erased, energy is dissipated and entropy increases obeying the second law of thermodynamics. The difference between biological molecular demons and the thought experiment of Maxwell's demon is the latter's apparent violation of the second law.

Macromolecule
A macromolecule is a "molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass." Polymers are physical examples of macromolecules. Common macromolecules are biopolymers (nucleic acids, proteins, and carbohydrates), polyolefins (polyethylene) and polyamides (nylon).
United States tort law
This article addresses torts in United States law. As such, it covers primarily common law. Moreover, it provides general rules, as individual states all have separate civil codes. There are three general categories of torts: intentional torts, negligence, and strict liability torts.

Intentional tort
An intentional tort is a category of torts that describes a civil wrong resulting from an intentional act on the part of the tortfeasor (alleged wrongdoer).  The term negligence, on the other hand, pertains to a tort that simply results from the failure of the tortfeasor to take sufficient care in fulfilling a duty owed, while strict liability torts refers to situations where a party is liable for injuries no matter what precautions were taken.
Samuel Wilkinson Moore
Samuel Wilkinson Moore (7 February 1854 – 15 February 1935) was a politician and mine manager in New South Wales, Australia, a member of the Australian Free Trade and Liberal Reform parties, serving in the Legislative Assembly. He served as Secretary for Mines and Agriculture and Secretary for Lands.

Minister for Lands and Property
The Minister for Lands and Property, also called the Secretary for Lands was responsible for one of the key issues for the colonial administration of New South Wales, being the contest between squatters and selectors to dispossess the Aboriginal people of their land.
Dave Coulier
David Alan Coulier (/kuːlˈjeɪ/ kool-YAY; born September 21, 1959) is an American actor and comedian. He is best known for his roles as Joey Gladstone on the ABC sitcom Full House, Peter Venkman on The Real Ghostbusters, and Animal and Bunsen Honeydew on Muppet Babies. He was also in the 2007 Christmas movie The Family Holiday.

Bathurst, New Brunswick
Bathurst (/ˈbætərst/) is a city in northern New Brunswick with a population of  12,157   and the 4th largest metropolitan area in New Brunswick as defined by Census Canada with a population of 31,387 as of 2021. The City of Bathurst overlooks Nepisiguit Bay, which is part of Chaleur Bay, and is at the estuary of the Nepisiguit River.
Kieran Kennedy (economist)
Kieran A. Kennedy, MRIA (14 July 1935 – 6 February 2013) was an Irish neo-Keynesian applied economist, economic historian and Director of the Economic and Social Research Institute (ESRI) from 1971 to 1996. A civil servant, lecturer and researcher, he worked with Fianna Fáil Taoiseach Charles Haughey to formulate his economic strategy The Way Forward and directed his and subsequent administrations from the 1980s until Kennedy's retirement.

Economic and Social Research Institute
The Economic and Social Research Institute (Institiúid Taighde Eacnamaíochta agus Sóisialta in Irish) is an Irish research institute founded in 1960 to provide evidence-based research used to inform public policy debate and decision-making.  The research of the institute focuses on the areas of sustainable economic growth and social progress. Martina Lawless is the Director of the institute.
Toorpekai
Toorpekai was elected to represent Zabul Province in Afghanistan's Wolesi Jirga, the lower house of its National Legislature, in 2005.

A report on Kandahar prepared at the Navy Postgraduate School described her working with the UNAMA on health care.
It stated that she was a high school graduate.
It stated she sat on the Communications Committee.
It stated she was a member of the Pashtun ethnic group, from the Suliemankhel tribe.

Zabul Province
Zabul Province is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in the south of the country. It has a population of 249,000. Zabul became a separate province from neighbouring Kandahar in 1963. Historically, it was part of the Zabulistan region. Qalat serves as the capital of the province. The major ethnic group are Pashtuns. Primary occupations within Zabul are agriculture and animal husbandry.

According to Iranic legend, Zabul is the birthplace of the hero Rostam.
Bladder outlet obstruction
Bladder outlet obstruction (or obstructive uropathy) occurs when urine is unable to flow from the kidneys through the ureters and out of the bladder through the urethra. Decreased flow of urine leads to swelling of the urinary tract, called hydronephrosis. This process of decreased flow of urine through the urinary tract can begin as early as during intrauterine life and it prevents normal development of fetal kidneys and fetal urine. Low levels of fetal urine leads to low amniotic fluid levels and incomplete lung maturation. Older children and adults can also experience bladder outlet obstruction; however, this process is usually reversible and isn't associated with as many poor outcomes as in infants with congenital bladder outlet obstruction.

Urethra
The urethra (pl.: urethras or urethrae) is the tube that transports urine from the bladder to the urethral meatus of the penis or vulva in placental mammals, and in males also transports semen during ejaculation.

The external urethral sphincter is a striated muscle that allows voluntary control over urination. The internal sphincter, formed by the involuntary smooth muscles lining the bladder neck and urethra, is innervated by the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system and is found both in males and females.
Paul Douglas (Illinois politician)
Paul Howard Douglas (March 26, 1892 – September 24, 1976) was an American politician and Georgist economist. A member of the Democratic Party, he served as a U.S. senator from Illinois for eighteen years, from 1949 to 1967. During his Senate career, he was a prominent member of the liberal coalition.

Born in Massachusetts and raised in Maine, Douglas graduated from Bowdoin College and Columbia University. He served as a professor of economics at several schools, most notably the University of Chicago, and earned a reputation as a reformer while a member of the Chicago City Council (1939–1942). During World War II, he served in the U.S. Marine Corps, rising to the rank of lieutenant colonel and becoming known as a war hero.

He first married Dorothy Wolff in 1915. They had four children. He divorced her in 1930 and a year later married Emily Taft Douglas, daughter of sculptor Lorado Taft and a U.S. representative from Illinois's At-large district (1945–1947).

Bowdoin College
Bowdoin College (/ˈboʊdɪn/ ⓘ BOH-din) is a private liberal arts college in Brunswick, Maine, United States. It was chartered in 1794.

In addition to its Brunswick campus, Bowdoin owns a 118-acre (48 ha) coastal studies center on Orr's Island and a 200-acre (81 ha) scientific field station on Kent Island in the Bay of Fundy.

The college was a founding member of its athletic conference, the New England Small College Athletic Conference, and the Colby-Bates-Bowdoin Consortium, an athletic conference and inter-library exchange with Bates College and Colby College. Bowdoin has over 30 varsity teams, and the school mascot was selected as a polar bear in 1913 to honor Robert Peary, a Bowdoin alumnus who claimed to have led the first successful expedition to the North Pole.