hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Folded Reed–Solomon code
In coding theory, folded Reed–Solomon codes are like Reed–Solomon codes, which are obtained by mapping  Reed–Solomon codewords over a larger alphabet by careful bundling of codeword symbols.

Folded Reed–Solomon codes are also a special case of Parvaresh–Vardy codes.

Using optimal parameters one can decode  with a rate of R, and achieve a decoding radius of 1 − R.

The term "folded Reed–Solomon codes" was coined in a paper by V.Y. Krachkovsky with an algorithm that presented Reed–Solomon codes with many random "phased burst" errors. The list-decoding algorithm for folded RS codes corrects beyond the  bound for Reed–Solomon codes achieved by the Guruswami–Sudan algorithm for such phased burst errors.

Dimension (vector space)
In mathematics, the dimension of a vector space V is the cardinality (i.e., the number of vectors) of a basis of V over its base field. It is sometimes called Hamel dimension (after Georg Hamel) or algebraic dimension to distinguish it from other types of dimension.

For every vector space there exists a basis, and all bases of a vector space have equal cardinality; as a result, the dimension of a vector space is uniquely defined. We say  is finite-dimensional if the dimension of  is finite, and infinite-dimensional if its dimension is infinite.

The dimension of the vector space  over the field  can be written as  or as  read "dimension of  over ". When  can be inferred from context,  is typically written.
Eupithecia sinuosaria
Eupithecia sinuosaria, the goosefoot pug, is a moth of the family Geometridae. It is endemic to Eastern Asia, but has expanded its range to Central Europe.

The length of the fore-wings is 10–12 mm. The moth flies from June to August depending on the location.

The larvae feed on Chenopodium album, Chenopodium pratericola, Chenopodium hybridum, Chenopodium glaucum, Atriplex patula and Polygonum aviculare.

Atriplex patula
Atriplex patula (spear saltbush; common orache; spear orach; spreading orach; /ˈɒrətʃ/) is a ruderal, circumboreal species of annual herbaceous plant in the genus Atriplex naturalized in many temperate regions.
Dittaino
The Dittaino (Greek: Χρύσας; Latin: Chrysas) is a river of central Sicily which rises in the Heraean Mountains, not far from the modern towns of Gangi and Enna. It is 105 kilometres (65 mi) long.

After flowing through the territory of Assorus, where its tutelary divinity was worshipped with peculiar honors during the Greek civilization, and afterwards through that of Agyrium, it joins the Simeto in the plain of Catania, about 30 kilometres (19 mi) from its mouth.

Enna
Enna (Italian pronunciation: [ˈɛnna] ⓘ or [ˈenna]; Ancient Greek: Ἔννα; Latin: Henna, less frequently Haenna), known from the Middle Ages until 1926 as Castrogiovanni (Sicilian: Castrugiuvanni [ˌkaʂʂ(ɽ)ʊddʒʊˈvannɪ]), is a city and comune located roughly at the center of Sicily, southern Italy, in the province of Enna, towering above the surrounding countryside. It has earned the nicknames belvedere (panoramic viewpoint) and ombelico ('navel') of Sicily. It has about 25,000 inhabitants.

At 931 m (3,054 ft) above sea level, Enna is the highest Italian provincial capital.
BSFA Award for Best Novel
The BSFA Awards are given every year by the British Science Fiction Association. The Best Novel award is open to any novel-length work of science fiction or fantasy that has been published in the UK for the first time in the previous year. Serialised novels are eligible, provided that the publication date of the concluding part is in the previous year. If a novel has been previously published elsewhere, but it hasn't been published in the UK until the previous year, it is eligible.

British Science Fiction Association
The British Science Fiction Association Limited is an organisation founded in 1958 by a group of British academics, science fiction fans, authors, publishers and booksellers in order to promote the writing, criticism, and study of science fiction in every form. The first President of the BSFA was Brian Aldiss. Pat Cadigan became president in August 2020, and Tade Thompson became the Vice President in June 2021.

The BSFA Awards are presented annually by the British Science Fiction Association, based on a vote of BSFA members and members of the British national SF convention (Eastercon). The BSFA also nominates two out of five of each year's judging panel for the Arthur C. Clarke Award.
Fish Police (TV series)
Fish Police is an American adult animated television series produced by Hanna-Barbera for CBS. It is based on the comic book series of the same name created by Steve Moncuse. It first aired in 1992, broadcasting three episodes before being axed for low ratings. A further three episodes never aired in the United States, although the entire series ran in European syndication.

The show has a decidedly more mature tone than most other animated Hanna-Barbera shows; episodes often contained innuendo and mild profanity.

The series was part of a spate of attempts by major networks to develop prime time animated shows to compete with the success of Fox's The Simpsons, alongside ABC's Capitol Critters (also produced by Hanna-Barbera) and CBS's Family Dog. Hanna-Barbera Productions pitched the series to CBS Entertainment, which agreed to pick it up. All three were canceled in their first seasons.

Charlie Schlatter
Charlie Schlatter  is an American actor who has appeared in several films and television series. He is best known for his role as Dr. Jesse Travis, the resident student of Dr. Mark Sloan (played by Dick Van Dyke) on the CBS series Diagnosis: Murder. Since the 1990s, he has continued to work mainly as a voice actor, with roles such as the Flash in various media, the titular character on Kick Buttowski: Suburban Daredevil and Wonder-Red in The Wonderful 101.
Canadia spinosa
Canadia (meaning of Canada or after Canada) is a genus of extinct annelid worm present in Burgess Shale type Konservat-Lagerstätte. It is found in strata dating back to the Delamaran stage of the Middle Cambrian around 505 million years ago, during the time of the Cambrian explosion. It was about 3 centimeters (1.2 inches) in length. Charles Doolittle Walcott named Canadia in 1911 after Canada, the country from which its remains have been found. 28 specimens of Canadia are known from the Greater Phyllopod bed, where they comprise 0.05% of the community.

Phyllopod bed
The Phyllopod bed, designated by USNM locality number 35k, is the most famous fossil-bearing member of the Burgess Shale fossil Lagerstätte.  It was quarried by Charles Walcott from 1911 to 1917 (and later named Walcott Quarry) and was the source of 95% of the fossils he collected during this time;
tens of thousands of soft-bodied fossils representing over 150 genera have been recovered from the Phyllopod bed alone.
2004 DFS Classic – Doubles
Els Callens and Meilen Tu were the defending champions but they competed with different partners that year. Callens partnered with Shinobu Asagoe, and lost in the first round to Eleni Daniilidou and Katarina Srebotnik. Tu partnered with Tina Križan, and lost in the quarterfinals to Maria Kirilenko and Maria Sharapova.

Kirilenko and Sharapova won the title, defeating Lisa McShea and Milagros Sequera in the final 6–2, 6–1. Despite playing on the WTA tour for a further 16 years, this was Sharapova's last WTA final, and title, in doubles.

Meilen Tu
Meilen Tu (traditional Chinese: 涂美倫, simplified Chinese: 涂美伦, Hanyu Pinyin: Tú Měilún) (born January 17, 1978) is a former professional tennis player from the U.S. In her career, she won one singles title and four doubles titles on the WTA Tour, with four singles and three doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit.

Born in Tarzana, Los Angeles to Taiwanese parents, Tu was the US Open girls' singles champion in 1994. At the 2006 DFS Classic, she reached the semifinals but lost to Vera Zvonareva, who eventually won the title.
The Union (Italy)
The Union (Italian: L'Unione) was a heterogenous centre-left political and electoral alliance of political parties in Italy. The Union was the direct heir of The Olive Tree coalition which represented the centre-left in the 1996 and 2001 general elections. However, The Union also included parties of the radical left, which were not affiliated with The Olive Tree. The Union was led by Romano Prodi, Prime Minister of Italy from May 2006 to May 2008, and former President of the European Commission. Collapsing in the wake of the 2008 Italian political crisis, the alliance was succeeded by the current-day centre-left coalition.

2008 Italian government crisis
On 24 January 2008, the Italian Senate voted down a motion of confidence in Italian prime minister Romano Prodi, causing the collapse of the second Prodi government. Prodi's resignation led the Italian president Giorgio Napolitano to ask the president of the Senate, Franco Marini, to attempt to form a caretaker government. After Marini acknowledged an interim government could not be formed due to the lack of a clear majority in the Italian Parliament willing to support it, a snap election was scheduled for 13–14 April 2008.
Zhaoge (TV series)
Zhaoge (simplified Chinese: 梦回朝歌; traditional Chinese: 夢回朝歌; pinyin: Mèng Huí Zhāogē) is an upcoming Chinese television series written and produced by Yu Zheng; starring Zhang Zhehan and Wu Jinyan. The series is set in the later years of Shang dynasty, and revolves around Ji Fa's life as a hostage in Zhaoge and his journey to become a legendary ruler. It involves fantasy elements originating from the 16th-century novel Investiture of the Gods.

Investiture of the Gods
The Investiture of the Gods, also known by its Chinese titles Fengshen Yanyi (Chinese: 封神演義; pinyin: Fēngshén Yǎnyì; Wade–Giles: Fêng1-shên2 Yan3-yi4; Jyutping: Fung1 San4 Jin2 Ji6) and Fengshen Bang (封神榜), is a 16th-century Chinese novel and one of the major vernacular Chinese works in the gods and demons (shenmo) genre written during the Ming dynasty (1368–1644). Consisting of 100 chapters, it was first published in book form between 1567 and 1619. Another source claims it was published in a finalized edition in 1605.  The work combines elements of history, folklore, mythology, legends and fantasy.

The story is set in the era of the decline of the Shang dynasty (1600–1046 BC) and the rise of the Zhou dynasty (1046–256 BC). It intertwines numerous elements of Chinese mythology, Chinese folk religion, Chinese Buddhism, Confucianism, and Taoism, including deities, demons, immortals and spirits. The authorship is attributed to Xu Zhonglin.
Nocturne in A-flat (Scriabin)
Alexander Scriabin's Nocturne in A-flat major was written from about 1884 to 1886 (when Scriabin was about twelve years old) and is without opus number. It was found in the estate of Nikolai Zverev by Leonid Sabaneyev and published by him in 1910 in the musical publication Muzyka.

The piece consists of 43 measures in 6/8 meter.

Leonid Sabaneyev
Leonid Leonidovich Sabaneyev or Sabaneyeff or Sabaneev (Russian: Леони́д Леони́дович Сабане́ев) (1 October [O.S. 19 September] 1881 – 3 May 1968) was a Russian musicologist, music critic, composer and scientist. He was the son of Leonid Pavlovich Sabaneyev, a famous hunting expert, and his brother Boris was also a musician.
J. David Simons
J. David Simons (born 27 August 1953) is a Scottish novelist and short story writer.  He was educated at Hutchesons' Boys Grammar School and graduated with a law degree from Glasgow University in 1973. He has been a partner with an Edinburgh law firm, a cotton farmer on Kibbutz Ashdot Ya'akov Ichud in Israel, a charity administrator for the Cyrenians  in West London, a university lecturer at Keio University, Japan, and a journalist for multi-national publishing house Informa.

Apart from his fiction writing, Simons is also an editor with the Blue Pencil literary agency and a media journalist with the global technology consultancy firm, Omdia (formerly Ovum). Since October 2017, he has lived as a digital nomad – travelling, writing and working around the world. He is currently resident in Javea, Spain.

Creative Scotland
Creative Scotland (Scottish Gaelic: Alba Chruthachail [ˈal̪ˠapə ˈxɾuhəxal]; Scots: Creative Scotlan) is the development body for the arts and creative industries in Scotland. Based in Edinburgh, it is an executive non-departmental public body of the Scottish Government.
Hobohemia
Hobohemia is a low-rent district in a city where artistic bohemians and the down-and-outs or hobos mix. In Chicago from the turn of the century to circa 1940s this was Tower Town and the area often known as "The West Madison Stem" (Madison Street west of downtown) which was known as "Skid road" and home to thousands of transient men and women, and Ben Reitman's Hobo College. In New York City it was the neighborhood of the Bowery,   and Greenwich Village. It was the title of a short story by Sinclair Lewis originally published in The Saturday Evening Post, which Lewis subsequently reworked into a three-act comedy which was first performed at the Greenwich Village Theatre in 1919.

A reference appears in the Rodgers and Hart song The Lady is a Tramp: "My Hobohemia is the place to be."

Hobo
A hobo is a migrant worker in the United States. Hobos, tramps, and bums are generally regarded as related, but distinct: a hobo travels and is willing to work; a tramp travels, but avoids work if possible; a bum neither travels nor works.
Canoeing at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's slalom C-2
The men's canoe slalom C-2 competition at the 2012 Olympic Games in London took place between 30 July and 2 August at the Lee Valley White Water Centre. Twenty-eight canoeists from 12 countries competed.

Great Britain's Tim Baillie and Etienne Stott won the gold medal and David Florence and Richard Hounslow won silver. Twin brothers Pavol and Peter Hochschorner of Slovakia won the bronze.

Lee Valley White Water Centre
Lee Valley White Water Centre (previously known as Broxbourne White Water Canoe Centre) is a white-water slalom centre in the Middle Lea Valley, in the Borough of Broxbourne, Hertfordshire. It was constructed to host the canoe slalom events of the London 2012 Olympic Games.

On 9 December 2010, the Princess Royal officially opened the venue which is owned by Lee Valley Regional Park Authority and managed by Greenwich Leisure Limited (GLL) under its "Better" brand. The £31 million ($50 million US) project to construct the centre finished on schedule and was the first newly constructed Olympic venue to be completed.

The Olympic canoe slalom competition was held from 29 July through 2 August 2012. The venue also hosted the 2015 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships.
1984 IAAF World Cross Country Championships – Senior women's race
The Senior women's race at the 1984 IAAF World Cross Country Championships was held in East Rutherford, New Jersey, United States, at the Meadowlands Racetrack on March 25, 1984.   A report on the event was given in the Glasgow Herald.

Complete results, medallists, 
 and the results of British athletes were published.

Meadowlands Racetrack
The Meadowlands Racetrack (currently referred to as Meadowlands Racing & Entertainment) is a horse racing track at the Meadowlands Sports Complex in East Rutherford, New Jersey, United States. The track hosts both thoroughbred racing and harness racing. It is known popularly in the region as "The Big M". Meadowlands has year-round horse racing as well as a number of bars and restaurants.
AirPort Extreme
AirPort Extreme is a discontinued line of residential gateways made by Apple Inc. that combine the functions of a router, network switch, wireless access point and NAS as well as varied other functions. The latest model, the 6th generation, supports 802.11ac networking in addition to older standards. Versions of the same system with a built-in network-accessible hard drive are known as the AirPort Time Capsule.

Apple discontinued its wireless routers in 2018, but as of 2023 continues limited hardware and software support.

Wireless access point
In computer networking, a wireless access point (WAP) (also just access point (AP)) is a networking hardware device that allows other Wi-Fi devices to connect to a wired network or wireless network. As a standalone device, the AP may have a wired or wireless connection to a switch or router, but in a wireless router it can also be an integral component of the networking device itself. A WAP and AP is differentiated from a hotspot, which can be a physical location or digital location where Wi-Fi or WAP access is available.
Andrew Haydon Park
Andrew Haydon Park is a park on the Ottawa River that is managed by the City of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It is situated on Carling Avenue at Holly Acres Road.

There is a bandshell for outdoor concerts and a picnic area. The Nepean Sailing Club is located nearby at adjacent Dick Bell Park. The park features walking trails, play structures, and picnicking.

Migrating Canada geese, brants, ducks, and shorebirds stop over along the marshy edges of the river near the park. Resident Canada geese and mallards also inhabit the park's two ponds.

The park was named after Andrew Haydon, former Reeve of Nepean.

The landscape-architect Donald W. Graham worked on this project.

Shell (theater)
In theatre, a shell (also known as an acoustical shell, choral shell or bandshell) is a curved, hard surface designed to reflect sound towards an audience.

Often shells are designed to be removable, either rolling away on wheels or lifting into a flyspace. Shells are most commonly used for orchestras, bands and choirs, although they can also be used in any application that requires passive sound amplification. Shells are generally made of hard materials, because they are designed to absorb as little sound as possible.
Tao Piao Piao
Tao Piao Piao (Chinese: 淘票票; pinyin: Táo Piào Piào, lit: 'hunting for tickets'), or Taopiaopiao, is an online movie ticket distributor and film promotion service.

Together, Taopiaopiao and its main rival Maoyan control approximately 80 percent of movie ticket sales in China.

Formerly known as Taobao Movie, the company was launched in 2014 in the city of Hangzhou, in China's Zhejiang Province.

A 2016 financing round led by investors from CDH Investments, Ant Financial Services Group, and Sina.com valued the company at approximately US$2 billion.  In 2017, Alibaba Pictures raised its ownership stake to nearly 97 percent of the company's equity.

CDH Investments
CDH Investments (CDH, 鼎晖投资基金管理公司) is a major Chinese alternative asset management firm based in Beijing, China. It specializes in private equity, venture capital and credit products. CDH invests across a range of sectors and regions. As of March 2015, CDH manages over RMB 100 billion of investor capital across its various investment platforms.

Founded in 2002, CDH is a diversified alternative asset manager covering private equity, venture capital, mezzanine, real estate, and wealth management. Its investor base includes sovereign wealth funds, pension funds, insurers, endowments, family offices and fund of funds from China, North & South America, Europe, Middle East, Australia and Asia.

CDH is headquartered at Fortune Financial Center, 5 Dongsanhuan Central Road, Beijing, China, with additional offices in Shanghai, Shenzhen, Hong Kong, Singapore, and Jakarta.
Conductance (graph theory)
In theoretical computer science, graph theory, and mathematics, the conductance is a parameter of a Markov chain that is closely tied to its mixing time, that is, how rapidly the chain converges to its stationary distribution, should it exist. Equivalently, the conductance can be viewed as a parameter of a directed graph, in which case it can be used to analyze how quickly random walks in the graph converge.

The conductance of a graph is closely related to the Cheeger constant of the graph, which is also known as the edge expansion or the isoperimetic number. However, due to subtly different definitions, the conductance and the edge expansion do not generally coincide if the graphs are not regular. On the other hand, the notion of electrical conductance that appears in electrical networks is unrelated to the conductance of a graph.

Regular graph
In graph theory, a regular graph is a graph where each vertex has the same number of neighbors; i.e. every vertex has the same degree or valency. A regular directed graph must also satisfy the stronger condition that the indegree and outdegree of each internal vertex are equal to each other. A regular graph with vertices of degree k is called a k‑regular graph or regular graph of degree k.
Przybranowo
Przybranowo [pʂɨbraˈnɔvɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Aleksandrów Kujawski, within Aleksandrów County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It is located in the region of Kuyavia.

Kuyavian–Pomeranian Voivodeship
Kuyavian–Pomeranian Voivodeship (Polish: województwo kujawsko-pomorskie [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ kuˈjafskɔ pɔˈmɔrskʲɛ] ⓘ) is one of Poland's 16 voivodeships (provinces).

It was created on 1 January 1999 and is situated in mid-northern Poland, on the boundary between the two historic regions, from which it takes its name: Kuyavia (Polish: Kujawy) and Pomerania (Polish: Pomorze).

Its two chief cities, serving as the province's joint capitals, are Bydgoszcz and Toruń.
Jean Yeuwain
Jean Yeuwain (c. 1566 Mons - c. 1626) was a dramatist and man of letters born in the Southern Netherlands.  In 1591 he produced Hippolyte, tragédie tournée de Sénèque, a French translation of Seneca's Phaedra.

He belonged to the middle class of Mons and probably studied at the Collège de Houdain, founded in 1545 and whose buildings are today part of the Faculté polytechnique de Mons.

In 1591, he produced Hippolyte, tragédie tournée de Sénèque.  The text that he used is doubtless the fine one edited by the Jesuit Antoine Delrio (1576). The translator takes liberties with the Latin text. Yeuwain had written other tragedies, which are all now lost. His brother, the poet André Yeuwain, preserved the manuscript of this one, available now available for consultation in the public library at Mons.

Faculty of Engineering of the University of Mons
The Faculty of Engineering of the University of Mons (French: Faculté Polytechnique de Mons, pronounced [fakylte pɔlitɛknik də mɔ̃s]) is a faculty of engineering at the University of Mons in the Wallonia region in Belgium.

Before the 2009 merger of the Faculté Polytechnique de Mons and the University of Mons-Hainaut, the FPMs was the oldest university of the city of Mons and the first civil Engineering school in Belgium (1836). Its first name was École des Mines (Mining School). It is a member of the Top Industrial Managers for Europe (TIME) network, an association of 50 leading engineering schools and faculties in Europe. On 1 January 2009 the Engineering Faculty of Mons and the University of Mons-Hainaut merged into a new university called the University of Mons (UMons).

The Faculty organizes a five-year course and delivers the Engineering (Ir.) and Master of Science (MSc.) degree. An Applied Sciences Doctoral degree (Dr.) is also available at the FPMs.
LMB Hotel
Lakshmi Misthan Bhandar Hotel, popularly known as just LMB, is a well-known hotel, restaurant and sweet shop in Jaipur city in Rajasthan state in India. Established in 1727, it is located in downtown Jaipur in Johari Bazar. The hotel is said to be the first three star hotel of the state. Today, it is most known for its restaurant and mithai shop (sweet shop), which are a popular tourist attraction, serving traditional sweets like paneer ghewar, and the sweet lassi, apart from snacks, like samosa, chaat and Aloo tikki.

Lassi
Lassi (pronounced [ləsːi]) is a yogurt–based beverage with a smoothie-like consistency. The word 'lassi' means yogurt mixed with water in Punjabi and Hindi-Urdu.

Lassi is prepared by blending yogurt, water, and spices. In Punjab where the drink originated, the yogurt is traditionally made from water buffalo milk. Variations of lassi exist, such as by adding salt, cumin or cardamom. Lassi is traditionally served in a clay cup known as kulhar. In the 21st century, lassi is commonly consumed in many world regions.