hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alison Bailey (American academic)
Alison L. Bailey is a professor and Division Head of Human Development and Psychology in the Department of Education, School of Education and Information Studies at the University of California, Los Angeles and a Faculty Partner at the National Center for Research on Evaluation, Standards, and Student Testing (CRESST).

National Center for Research on Evaluation, Standards, and Student Testing
The National Center for Research on Evaluation, Standards, and Student Testing (CRESST) is a research partnership consisting of UCLA, the University of Colorado, Stanford University, RAND, the University of Pittsburgh, the University of Southern California, Educational Testing Service, and the University of Cambridge, United Kingdom.

For 50 years, the mission focus of the UCLA Center for the Study of Evaluation (CSE) and, more recently, CRESST has been the assessment of educational quality, addressing persistent problems in the design and use of assessment systems to serve multiple purposes.
Violacein
Violacein is a naturally occurring bis-indole pigment with antibiotic (anti-bacterial, anti-viral, anti-fungal and anti-tumor) properties. Violacein is produced by several species of bacteria, including Chromobacterium violaceum, and gives these organisms their striking purple hues. Violacein shows increasing commercially interesting uses, especially for industrial applications in cosmetics, medicines and fabrics.

Pigment
A pigment is a chemical compound that gives a substance or organism color, or is used by humans to add or alter color or change visual appearance. Pigments are completely or nearly insoluble and chemically unreactive in water or another medium; in contrast, dyes are colored substances which are soluble or go into solution at some stage in their use. Dyes are often organic compounds whereas pigments are often inorganic. Pigments of prehistoric and historic value include ochre, charcoal, and lapis lazuli. Biological pigments are compounds produced by living organisms that provide coloration.
Chief Sealth International High School
Chief Sealth International High School (CSIHS) is a public high school in the Seattle Public Schools district of Seattle, Washington. Opened in 1957 in southern West Seattle, Chief Sealth students comprise one of the most ethnically and culturally diverse student bodies in Washington State. The school is named for Chief Seattle, a Duwamish chief and a recognized leader amongst the local peoples at the time of the arrival of European American settlers in the area.  The school shares a campus with Denny International Middle School.

Art Wolfe
Art Wolfe (born 1951) is an American photographer and conservationist, best known for color images of landscapes, wildlife, and native cultures. His photographs document scenes from every continent and hundreds of locations, and have been noted by environmental advocacy groups for their "stunning" visual impact.

Wolfe's career has been described as "multi-faceted", involving wildlife advocacy, art, journalism, and education.  According to William Conway, former president of the Wildlife Conservation Society, Wolfe is a "prolific and sensitive recorder of a rapidly vanishing natural world." In the last 30 years, the public has viewed Wolfe's work in more than sixty published books, including Vanishing Act, The High Himalaya, Water:  Worlds between Heaven & Earth, Tribes, Rainforests of the World, and The Art of Photographing Nature.
Megaleptictis
Megaleptictis (meaning "large Leptictis") is an extinct genus of large insectivore mammal from Late Paleogene (latest Eocene (Chadronian NALMA), but may be earliest Oligocene (Orellan NALMA)) deposits of Custer County, South Dakota. It is known from the holotype KUVP 2568 a nearly complete skull including the mandibles. It was collected in an 1894 University of Kansas expedition from the tan siltstone of the White River Group. It was first named by Tj Meehan and Larry D. Martin in 2011 and the type species is Megaleptictis altidens.

Custer County, South Dakota
Custer County is a county in the U.S. state of South Dakota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 8,318. Its county seat is Custer. The county was created in 1875, and was organized in 1877. It was named after General George Armstrong Custer.

Custer County is home to two of the three longest caves in the United States: Jewel Cave National Monument and Wind Cave National Park.
Cecepy Bikin Happy
Cecepy Bikin Happy (Cecepy Makes You Happy) was an Indonesian reality show, hosted by Ayu Ting Ting, Julia Perez, Zaskia Gotik, Mumuk Gomez and Tarra Budiman. The hour-long show made its debut on February 29, 2016, and ended a few months later on June 28, 2016.

The variety show had been nominated for Favorite Music/Variety Show Program at the 2016 Panasonic Gobel Awards; however, it lost to Dahsyat.

Ayu Ting Ting
Ayu Rosmalina (born (1992-06-20)June 20, 1992), better known by her stage name Ayu Ting Ting, is an Indonesian singer and presenter. One of Indonesia's dangdut divas, she rose to fame following the sudden virality of her song "Alamat Palsu" ("Fake Address") in 2011. Her stage name "Ting Ting" means "virgin" in Indonesian.
1920 East Africa Protectorate general election
General elections were held in East Africa Protectorate (modern Kenya) in March and April 1920, the first elections in the country. The Legislative Council had previously consisted entirely of appointed members. The new Council consisted of 11 elected white members, two appointed members representing the Indian population and one appointed member representing the Arab population, as well as a number of appointees by the Governor. This allowed the Council representative, although not responsible government. The territory became Kenya Colony on 23 July.

The eleven White members were elected in single-member constituencies of Nairobi North, Nairobi South, Mombasa, Coast, Lake, Rift Valley, Plateau North, Plateau South, Kenya, Ukamba and Kikuyu.

Kenya Colony
The Colony and Protectorate of Kenya, commonly known as British Kenya or British East Africa, was a colony part of the British Empire located in East Africa from 1920 until 1963. It was established when the former East Africa Protectorate was transformed into a British Crown colony in 1920. Technically, the "Colony of Kenya" referred to the interior lands, while a 16-kilometre (9.9 mi) coastal strip, nominally on lease from the Sultan of Zanzibar, was the "Protectorate of Kenya", but the two were controlled as a single administrative unit. The colony came to an end in 1963 when a native Kenyan majority government was elected for the first time and eventually declared independence.

However, Kenya is sometimes referred to as the "Scottish Colony" due to the fact that William Mackinnon, the founder of the Imperial British East Africa Company that was governing Kenya, was a native of Scotland.
Ithenguri
Ithenguri is a settlement in Kenya's Central Province.

Ithenguri is a village located in Nyeri Central District, Nyeri County near the border between Nyeri Municipality and Tetu Division, it is in Ruring'u Location formally known as Mukaro Location and in Chorong'i Sub-Location. It is an agricultural area which is about 6 km away from Nyeri town. It has several facilities such as schools both private and public primary schools. the most renowned one is Ithenguri Primary School which has given rise to a new public secondary School known as Ithenguri Secondary School.

The most recent Development of Ithenguri Village is the construction of a Health Centre near Ithenguri Catholic Church which is due to be opened officially later this year (2013)

Central Province (Kenya)
The Central Province (Swahili: Kati, Gikuyu: Gichigo gia Gatagati) was a region in central Kenya until 2013, when Kenya's provinces were replaced by a system of counties. It covered an area of 11,449 km2 (4,420 sq mi) and was located to the north of Nairobi and west of Mount Kenya (see maps). The province had 4,383,743 inhabitants according to the 2009 census. The provincial headquarters was Nyeri.

Central Province was the ancestral home of the Gikuyu people.
Juntos Para Siempre (Bebo Valdés and Chucho Valdés album)
Juntos para siempre ("Together Forever") a 2008 studio album by Cuban pianists Bebo Valdés and Chucho Valdés. The album was recorded as a piano duet, father and son recording together for the first time in almost 50 years. Each played on a different piano, Chucho being recorded on the left channel and Bebo on the right. The recordings, made in Madrid in two sessions in 2007, were produced by Nat Chediak and Fernando Trueba and consist mostly of Latin standards, including Bebo's own compositions such as "Rareza del siglo", his first hit. Commenting on the long hiatus which kept Bebo away from his family, he stated that he thought that he would never see his son again, but when finally they had the opportunity to be together and record it, it was a "reward for all those years of uncertainty."

The album was well-received by critics, winning the Grammy Award for Best Latin Jazz Album at the 52nd Grammy Awards in 2010, as well as the Latin Grammy Award in the same category.

Piano duet
According to the Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, there are two kinds of piano duet: "[pieces of music] for two players at one instrument, and those in which each of the two pianists has an instrument to themselves."  In American English usage, the former is often referred to as a "piece for four hands", or "piano four hands". Grove notes that the one-piano duet has a larger repertory, but has come to be regarded as a modest, domestic form of music-making by comparison with "the more glamorous two-piano duet". The two-piano form is also referred to as a piano duo, although this term also refers to a set of two piano players who play together regularly (thus, duos play duets).

The piano duet came to popularity in the second half of the 18th century.
Puketona
Puketona is a locality at the junction of State Highway 10 and State Highway 11 in the Far North District of New Zealand. Kerikeri is 10 kilometres north, Paihia is 14 kilometres east, Moerewa is 15 kilometres southeast, and Kaikohe is 20 kilometres southwest.

The name means vagina or vulva in the Māori language.

State Highway 11 (New Zealand)
State Highway 11  (SH 11) is a 30 kilometre stretch of highway in the North Island of New Zealand. It links SH 10 at Puketona and SH 1 at Kawakawa. Its main destination is the Bay of Islands township of Paihia. Until 2004, it terminated at Tohitapu Road, in southern Paihia township.
Varces-Allières-et-Risset
Varces-Allières-et-Risset (French pronunciation: [vaʁs aljɛʁ e ʁisɛ]; Arpitan: Varse-Aliéres-et-Riosèc) is a commune in the Isère department in southeastern France. It is part of the Grenoble urban unit (agglomeration). It was created in 1955 by the merger of the former communes Varces and Allières-et-Risset.

Isère
Isère (US: /iːˈzɛər/ ee-ZAIR; French: [izɛʁ] ⓘ; Arpitan: Isera; Occitan: Isèra, Occitan pronunciation: [iˈsɛɾa]) is a landlocked department in the southeastern French region of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes. Named after the river Isère, it had a population of 1,271,166 in 2019. Its prefecture is Grenoble. It borders Rhône to the northwest, Ain to the north, Savoie to the east, Hautes-Alpes to the south, Drôme and Ardèche to the southwest and Loire to the west.
Neucheconeh
Neucheconeh (fl. 1732–1748, also known as Newcheconner, Nocheknonee, Neucheconner, Neucheconno, Neucheconer, Nowchekano, Nawchikana, Neuchconna, Nuckegunnah, Neuchyconer or Nechikonner) was a Pekowi Shawnee chief from western Pennsylvania. From 1732 to 1745, Neucheconeh shared leadership of the Shawnee of western Pennsylvania with Kakowatcheky. During that time, he petitioned the Pennsylvania Provincial Government to regulate the sale of alcohol in Shawnee communities and was involved in the migration of many Shawnees into the Ohio River Valley, away from the influence of European settlers and into a region where game was more plentiful. In 1745 he joined Peter Chartier and other Shawnees who chose loyalty to New France, but after three years he returned to Pennsylvania and apologized. His date and place of death are unknown.

Pennsylvania Provincial Council
The Pennsylvania Provincial Council helped govern the Province of Pennsylvania from 1682 to 1776. The provincial council was based on the English parliamentary system and was analogous to the Upper House or House of Lords. From the Frame of Government of Pennsylvania of 1683, the provincial council consisted of 18 to 72 members from the province's counties. The council had the power to dismiss the General Assembly, rule in the absence of the Governor or Lieutenant Governor, create courts, and make judicial appointments.
1999 Bausch & Lomb Championships
The 1999 Bausch & Lomb Championships was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Amelia Island Plantation on Amelia Island, Florida in the United States that was part of Tier II of the 1999 WTA Tour. It was the 20th edition of the tournament and was held from April 5 through April 11, 1999. Second-seeded Monica Seles won the singles title.

Amelia Island Plantation
Omni Amelia Island Resort is a luxury resort community located on Amelia Island, Florida, the westernmost barrier island on the Atlantic Ocean in the U.S.  The resort's tennis facility hosted the Bausch & Lomb Championships, a major Women's Tennis Association tournament, for 20 years. The 402-room hotel on the property is now part of Omni Hotels & Resorts.
Erie County, Pennsylvania
Erie County is the northernmost county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 270,876. Its county seat is Erie. The county was created in 1800 and later organized in 1803. The county is part of the Northwest region of the commonwealth.

Commonwealth (U.S. state)
Commonwealth is a term used by four of the 50 states of the United States in their full official names: Kentucky, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and Virginia. "Commonwealth" is a traditional English term used to describe a political community as having been founded for the common good, and shares some similarities with the Latin phrase "res publica" ('the public thing'), which ultimately is the origin of the word "republic".

The "commonwealth" appellation is merely stylistic and carries no legal or political significance. The four states that use this term are all in the Eastern United States, and prior to the formation of the United States in 1776 were British colonial possessions (at the time, Kentucky was a part of colonial Virginia). As such, they share a strong influence of English common law in some of their laws and institutions.
Mattice-Val Côté
Mattice-Val Côté is an incorporated township in Cochrane District in Northeastern Ontario, Canada. It is located approximately 30 kilometres (19 mi) east of Hearst and 70 kilometres (43 mi) west of Kapuskasing on Ontario Highway 11.

The township was incorporated on April 18, 1975, as the United Townships of Eilber and Devitt, with Paul Zorzetto as first reeve. Its two primary population centres are Mattice and Val-Côté. Mattice is located on the Missinaibi River, a historic fur-trading route that flows into the Moose River, then into James Bay.  The river is a popular destination for canoers, known for its historical significance.

Township (Canada)
The term township, in Canada, is generally a district or area associated with a town or other locality. The specific use of the term to describe political subdivisions has varied across the country, usually to describe a local rural or semirural government.

In Eastern Canada, a township is one form of the subdivision of a county. In Quebec, the term is canton in French.
Trashland
Trashland is the second and last studio album by Brazilian post-punk band Mercenárias. It was released in 1988 via EMI, and produced by Edgard Scandurra (of Ira! and Ultraje a Rigor, and a long-time friend and former member of Mercenárias) and Thomas Pappon (of Voluntários da Pátria, Smack and Fellini fame). Contrasting with the aggressiveness of the punk-like sonority of their previous album, Cadê as Armas?, Trashland is characterized by more atmospheric pieces reminiscent of Siouxsie and the Banshees, with emphasis given to the tracks "Kyrie", "Angelus", "Mesmas Leis", "Lembranças" and "Provérbios do Inferno", a compilation of William Blake's Proverbs of Hell translated into Portuguese and set to music.

The album received critical acclaim, and was chosen as "Album of the Year" by magazine Bizz. Despite this, EMI fired the band for no apparent reason, leading to its end in the same year and an 18-year hiatus before their reunion in 2006.

Smack (Brazilian band)
Smack was a Brazilian post-punk band from São Paulo, formed in 1983 and characterized by its raw and experimental instrumentation heavily influenced by Gang of Four, Talking Heads, Os Mutantes and The Jam, among others.

The band ended in 1986, but reunited in 2005. It ceased activities definitely in 2015 after vocalist Sérgio Pamplona's death.
Maleme Airport
Maleme Airport (Greek: Αεροδρόμιο Μάλεμε) is an airport situated between Maleme and Tavronitis, Crete. It has two runways (13/31 and 03/21) with no lights. The airport has closed for commercial aviation, but the Chania Aeroclub continues to use it. The airport operated until 1959 as the main public airport of Chania. Up until 2012 the Hellenic Air Force made limited use of the facility.

Originally known as Maleme Airfield, it was an RAF base in World War II until captured by German parachutists and mountain troops landing there in May 1941 as part of the Battle of Crete.

Chania
Chania (Greek: Χανιά, Khaniá, pronounced [xaˈɲa] ⓘ), also sometimes romanized as Hania, is a city in Greece and the capital of the Chania regional unit. It lies along the north west coast of the island Crete, about 70 km (43 mi) west of Rethymno and 145 km (90 mi) west of Heraklion.

The municipality has 111,375 inhabitants (2021). This consists of the city of Chania and several nearby areas, including Kounoupidiana, Mournies, Souda, Nerokouros, Daratsos, Perivolia, Galatas and Aroni.
Adampur, Haryana Assembly constituency
Adampur Assembly constituency in Hisar district is one of the 90 constituencies of the Haryana Legislative Assembly in Haryana state in northern India. It is one of the nine assembly segments which make up Hisar Lok Sabha constituency.

Haryana Legislative Assembly
The Haryana Legislative Assembly (ISO: Hariyāṇā Vidhāna Sabhā) is the unicameral legislature of the Indian state of Haryana. The seating of the assembly is at Chandigarh, the capital of the state. There are 90 seats in the house filled by direct election using a single-member first-past-the-post voting system. The term of office is five years.
Betty Bourquin
Betty Bourquin (in marriage also known as Betty Bourquin-Steffen) is a former Swiss female curler and curling coach. She played lead position on the Swiss rink that won the first-ever World Women's Championship in 1979 and won the 1979 European Championships.

Lead (curling)
In curling, the lead is the person who delivers the first two stones of the end for their team. On most teams, where the lead does not act as skip or vice, the lead will sweep for each of their teammates' shots. Because of the free-guard-zone rule, which prevents leads from removing most of an opponent's guards, leads are usually proficient at throwing guards and draws, and throw few takeouts or other power shots. In some regions, such as Eastern Ontario and the Eastern United States, the lead is responsible for determining who has hammer, using random selection, such as flipping a coin. However, in most regions, this is the responsibility of the third.
Chroma subsampling
Chroma subsampling is the practice of encoding images by implementing less resolution for chroma information than for luma information, taking advantage of the human visual system's lower acuity for color differences than for luminance.

It is used in many video and still image encoding schemes – both analog and digital – including in JPEG encoding.

PAL
Phase Alternating Line (PAL) is a colour encoding system for analogue television. It was one of three major analogue colour television standards, the others being NTSC and SECAM. In most countries it was broadcast at 625 lines, 50 fields (25 frames) per second, and associated with CCIR analogue broadcast television systems B, D, G, H, I and K. The articles on analogue broadcast television systems further describe frame rates, image resolution, and audio modulation.

PAL was developed by Walter Bruch at Telefunken in Hanover, West Germany, with important input from Gerhard Mahler. The format was patented by Telefunken in December 1962, citing Bruch as inventor, and unveiled to members of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) on 3 January 1963. When asked why the system was named "PAL" and not "Bruch", the inventor answered that a "Bruch system" would probably not have sold very well ("Bruch" is the German word for "breakage").
Eudicella gralli
Eudicella gralli, sometimes called the flamboyant flower beetle or striped love beetle, is a brightly coloured member of the scarab beetle family, in the subfamily known as flower beetles. Their shells seem to have a prismatic quality, refracting the ambient light to give the green of their carapace a rainbow tint. This species of flower beetle lives in the rainforests of Africa, where it feeds on the nectar and pollen of flowers, but is popular in the exotic pet trade. The larvae of the flower beetle live in decaying wood, feeding on dead wood and leaf litter. Adults reach lengths of 25–40 millimetres (0.98–1.57 in). As in other species of this genus, the males have a Y-shaped horn, used to fight over females. The females have a shovel-like tusk, used for burrowing in wood. During their gestation period they will dig into the wood and lay eggs.

Scarabaeidae
The family Scarabaeidae, as currently defined, consists of over 35,000 species of beetles worldwide; they are often called scarabs or scarab beetles. The classification of this family has undergone significant change. Several groups formerly treated as subfamilies have been elevated to family rank (e.g., Bolboceratidae, Geotrupidae, Glaresidae, Glaphyridae, Hybosoridae, Ochodaeidae, and Pleocomidae), and some reduced to lower ranks. The subfamilies listed in this article are in accordance with those in Catalog of Life (2023).
Jean Céa
Jean Céa (8 February 1932 – 9 January 2024) was a French mathematician.

Born to Spanish immigrants in Aïn Témouchent, Algeria (he learnt French in school), he studied at the Ecole normale d'instituteurs d'Oran and the École normale supérieure de Saint-Cloud, obtaining his Ph.D. in 1964 with his dissertation Approximation variationnelle des problèmes aux limites. In his thesis he proved the Céa's lemma, an important result related to error estimation in the Finite Element Method.

Céa was emeritus professor at the University of Nice Sophia Antipolis and member of the Academia Europaea. In 1975 he was awarded the Poncelet Prize.

Céa died on 9 January 2024 in Nice, at the age of 91.

École normale supérieure de lettres et sciences humaines
The École normale supérieure lettres et sciences humaines (ENS LSH) was an elite French grande école specialising in the arts, humanities and social sciences. Founded in 1987 in Paris as the École normale supérieure de Fontenay-Saint-Cloud, it changed its name to ENS LSH in 2000 when it moved to Lyon. It was one of two Écoles normales supérieures (ENS) to be based in Lyon; the two came together in 2010 with the creation of the new École Normale Supérieure de Lyon.