hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Edward Shearman Ross
Edward Shearman Ross (September 1, 1915 – March 16, 2016) was an American entomologist. He majored in entomology at the University of California, Berkeley.
Before his PhD was conferred, he worked as curator of insects at the California Academy of Sciences.
He wrote many scientific and popular articles about the biology of the insects.

Ross served in the United States Army and was stationed in the Philippines and New Guinea.

Ross was a fellow of the Entomological Society of America since 1947. He was a Guggenheim Fellow for the academic year 1954–1955.

Ross died on March 16, 2016, at his home in Mill Valley at the age of 100.

California Academy of Sciences
The California Academy of Sciences is a research institute and natural history museum in San Francisco, California, that is among the largest museums of natural history in the world, housing over 46 million specimens. The academy began in 1853 as a learned society and still carries out a large amount of original research. The institution is located in Golden Gate Park on the West Side of San Francisco.

Completely rebuilt in 2008, the academy's primary building in Golden Gate Park covers 400,000 square feet (37,000 m2). In early 2020, before the COVID-19 pandemic, the California Academy of Sciences had around 500 employees and an annual revenue of about $33 million.
Queichheim
Queichheim (German pronunciation: [ˈkvaɪçhaɪm]) is a quarter of Landau in der Pfalz in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate. Queichheim, with about 3,100 inhabitants as of 2004, is located east of the railroad line from Karlsruhe to Neustadt, south of the Queich River, and it borders on the inner city.

Quarter (urban subdivision)
A quarter is a section of an urban settlement. A quarter can be administratively defined and its borders officially designated, and it may have its own administrative structure (subordinate to that of the city, town or other urban area). Such a division is particularly common in countries like Bulgaria (Bulgarian: квартал, romanized: kvartal), Croatia (četvrt), France (Quartier), Georgia (კვარტალი, k'vart'ali),  Italy (Quartiere), Romania (Cartier), and Serbia (четврт / četvrt). It may be denoted as a borough (in English-speaking countries), Portugal/Brazil (bairro), Spain (barrio); or some other term (e.g. Cambodia (សង្កាត់ sangkat), Germany (Stadtteil), and Poland (dzielnica)).

Quarter can also refer to a non-administrative but distinct neighbourhood with its own character: for example, a slum quarter. It is often used for a district connected with a particular group of people: for instance, some cities are said to have Jewish quarters, diplomatic quarters or Bohemian quarters.
James Henderson (priest)
James Henderson was Archdeacon of Northumberland from 1905 to 1917.

Born into a  medical family  in Berwick-upon-Tweed in September 1840 Henderson was educated at University College, Durham and ordained in 1863. After  curacies in Newcastle  and Hurworth-on-Tees he held incumbencies in Ancroft, Shadforth and Wallsend before his Archdeacon’s appointment.

Henderson died on 21 April 1935

Wallsend
Wallsend (/ˌwɔːlzˈɛnd/) is a town in North Tyneside, Tyne and Wear, England, at the eastern end of Hadrian's Wall. It has a population of 43,842 and lies four miles (6.5 kilometres) east of Newcastle upon Tyne.
Melchert
Melchert is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Catherine J. Melchert, mayor of Bartlett, Illinois from 1993 to 2009

Christopher Melchert, American professor and scholar of Islam

Craig Melchert (born 1945), American linguist

Jim Melchert (1930–2023), American visual artist

Norman Melchert (born 1933), American philosopher and author

Sven Melchert, German astronomer

Jim Melchert
Jim Melchert (né James Frederick Melchert; December 2, 1930 – June 1, 2023) was an American visual artist, arts administer, and professor. He is known for his ceramics and sculptures. Melchert was part of the Funk art movement.
Stockland Glendale
Glendale City Centre (previously known as Stockland Super Centre Glendale & Stockland Glendale) is a large shopping centre located in the suburb of Glendale in the City of Lake Macquarie, Australia.

It is located on Lake Road on a 19.6-hectare (48.4-acre) parcel of land, and primarily serves the Lake Macquarie region to the southwest of Newcastle.

Kmart Australia
Kmart Australia Limited (/ˈkeɪmɑːrt/ KAY-mart), trading as Kmart, is an Australian chain of discount department stores owned by the Kmart Group division of Wesfarmers. Kmart operates stores in Australia and New Zealand and is part of the Kmart Group alongside Target Australia.

Kmart was established in 1969 with the opening of its first store at Burwood East, Victoria. In the 2010s, the chain undertook a major merchandising and store-layout redesign under Wesfarmers, expanding the role of private-label products (including its dominant house brand Anko) and increasing emphasis on everyday low pricing.
Bibliography of slavery in the United States
This bibliography of slavery in the United States is a guide to books documenting the history of slavery in the U.S., from its colonial origins in the 17th century through the adoption of the 13th Amendment to the Constitution, which officially abolished the practice in 1865. In addition, links are provided to related bibliographies, in the United States and articles elsewhere in Wikipedia.

Philip Alexander Bruce
Philip Alexander Bruce (March 7, 1856 – August 16, 1933) was an American historian who specialized in the history of the Commonwealth of Virginia. Author of over a dozen volumes of history, Bruce's scope ranged from the first Virginia settlements to the early 20th century. He is known for writing the first complete history of the University of Virginia, descriptions of the lives of the original settlers of Virginia, and for his insights into Thomas Jefferson's wide-ranging intellect.
J. S. Tissainayagam
Jayaprakash Sittampalam Tissainayagam (Tamil: ஜெயப்பிரகாஷ் சிற்றம்பலம் திசைநாயகம்), known as J. S. Tissainayagam (ஜெ. சி. திசைநாயகம்) is a Sri Lankan journalist. He was detained by the Terrorism Investigation Division of the Sri Lanka Police on 7 March 2008. He was held without charge for almost 6 months. He was indicted on politically motivated charges under the draconian Prevention of Terrorism Act for intending to incite communal hatred through writing, and furthering terrorist acts through the collection of money for his publication. On 31 August 2009, he was convicted of the charges by the Colombo High Court and sentenced to 20 years of rigorous imprisonment.

After an international outcry where US President Barack Obama called him one of the "emblematic examples" of journalist being harassed around the world Tissainayagam was pardoned by Sri Lankan President Mahinda Rajapaksa on 3 May 2010, World Press Freedom Day.

Government of Sri Lanka
The Government of Sri Lanka (GoSL) (Sinhala: ශ්‍රී ලංකා රජය, romanised: Śrī Laṅkā Rajaya; Tamil: இலங்கை அரசாங்கம், romanised: Ilaṇkai Aracāṅkam) is a semi-presidential republic determined by the Sri Lankan Constitution. It administers the island from both its commercial capital of Colombo and the administrative capital of Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte.
Register (music)
A register is the range within pitch space of some music or often musical speech. It may describe a given pitch or pitch class (or set of them), a human voice or musical instrument (or group of them), or both, as in a melody or part. It is also often related to timbre and musical form. In musical compositions, it may be fixed or "frozen".

Set theory (music)
Musical set theory provides concepts for categorizing musical objects and describing their relationships. Howard Hanson first elaborated many of the concepts for analyzing tonal music. Other theorists, such as Allen Forte, further developed the theory for analyzing atonal music, drawing on the twelve-tone theory of Milton Babbitt. The concepts of musical set theory are very general and can be applied to tonal and atonal styles in any equal temperament tuning system, and to some extent more generally than that.

One branch of musical set theory deals with collections (sets and permutations) of pitches and pitch classes (pitch-class set theory), which may be ordered or unordered, and can be related by musical operations such as transposition, melodic inversion, and complementation. Some theorists apply the methods of musical set theory to the analysis of rhythm as well.
Wola Szkucka
Wola Szkucka [ˈvɔla ˈʂkut͡ska] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Fałków, within Końskie County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) south-east of Fałków, 23 km (14 mi) south-west of Końskie, and 43 km (27 mi) north-west of the regional capital Kielce.

Końskie County
Końskie County (Polish: powiat konecki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Końskie, which lies 38 kilometres (24 mi) north of the regional capital Kielce. The only other town in the county is Stąporków, lying 11 km (7 mi) south-east of Końskie.

The county covers an area of 1,139.90 square kilometres (440.1 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 77,019, out of which the population of Końskie is 19,176, that of Stąporków is 5,639, and the rural population is 52,204.
Farrel Corcoran
Professor Farrel Corcoran is an author and retired academic of Dublin City University. He has served as Head of Communication and Dean of the Faculty of Humanities at the university. From 1995 to 2000 he was chairman of RTÉ, the Republic of Ireland's public service broadcaster.

Farrel Corcoran was born in Borrisokane, he went to secondary school in St Finian's College, Mullingar, before entered Maynooth College as a clerical student, following his Humanities studies he left the seminary and became a teacher, in Ireland and abroad. He also worked at RTE. Corcoran went to the US to do postgraduate studies, earning a PhD from University of Oregon.

Borrisokane
Borrisokane (Irish: Buiríos Uí Chéin, meaning 'the burgage of the Cianacht') is a town in County Tipperary, Ireland. It is 15 km north of Nenagh, at the junction of the N52 and N65 roads. At the 2022 census, it had a population of 1,117. The Ballyfinboy River flows through the town on its way to Lough Derg, 12 km (7 mi) to the west. It is also a civil parish in the historical barony of Ormond Lower and an Ecclesiastical parish in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Killaloe.
Global Operations
Global Operations is a first-person tactical shooter video game developed by Barking Dog Studios and co-published by Crave Entertainment and Electronic Arts. It was released in March 2002, following its public multiplayer beta version which contained only the Quebec map. The full game featured thirteen maps and featured both a single player and a multiplayer mode, which supported up to twenty-four players and three teams. Afterwards, a multiplayer demo with only the Antarctica map was released. The game was built on the Lithtech game engine.

Crave Entertainment
Crave Entertainment (aka Crave Games) was an American video game publisher founded in 1997 by Nima Taghavi. Its headquarters was in Newport Beach, California. It was acquired by Handleman Company in 2005 in a deal valued up to $95 million but was then sold to Fillpoint LLC in early 2009 for only $8.1 million due to Handleman's bankruptcy and pending liquidation. During its lifetime it published games for Dreamcast, Wii, Nintendo DS, Game Boy Advance, Nintendo 64, GameCube, PlayStation, PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3, PSP, Xbox, and Xbox 360. Crave mainly focused on budget titles, and imported games such as Tokyo Xtreme Racer series.
Montana Highway 200
Montana Highway 200 (MT 200) in the U.S. state of Montana is a route running east–west, across the entire state of Montana. From the starting point at ID 200, near Heron, the highway runs east to ND 200 near Fairview. It is part of a chain of state highways numbered 200 that extend from Idaho across Montana, North Dakota, and Minnesota, totaling approximately 1,356 miles (2,182 km) long. At 706.272 mi (1,136.635 km), Montana Highway 200 is also the longest route signed as a state highway in the United States. Highway 200 helps to connect many small towns located in central Montana and the vast plains area of eastern Montana, to larger western Montana cities such as Great Falls and Missoula.

Eastern Montana
Eastern Montana is a loosely defined region of Montana. Some definitions are more or less inclusive than others, ranging from the most inclusive, which would include the entire part of the state east of the Continental Divide, to the least inclusive, which places the beginning of "eastern" Montana roughly at or even east of Billings, Montana. The areas of Montana lying just east of the Continental Divide are often called Central Montana. A widely accepted definition of Eastern Montana is that it encompasses the eastern third of the state.

Parts of Eastern Montana are affected by the economic boom in the Bakken formation, the largest oil discovery in U.S. history.
Nilasing na hipon
Nilasing na hipon (lit. "drunken shrimp") is a Filipino dish consisting of whole unshelled shrimp marinated in alcohol and various spices, usually coated in batter, and then deep-fried. It is usually dipped in a vinegar-based sauce. The alcohol used is traditionally rice wine like basi or arrack like lambanog; but modern versions can use other types of alcohol, most commonly gin, beer, or white wine.

The dish is commonly anglicized as drunken shrimp or crispy fried drunken shrimp in the Philippines, but it is not related to the Chinese dish of the same name which uses raw (usually live) or boiled shrimp and is not battered.

Basi
Basí is a traditional Ilocano fermented alcoholic beverage made from sugarcane juice, predominantly produced in Northern Luzon, Philippines particularly in the Ilocos Region. It is fermented in burnáy (earthen jars) and flavored with gamú or natural additives such as samak bark. Basí has been an integral part of Ilocano culture for centuries, commonly featured in various rituals and celebrations, with distinct regional variations in its production methods and flavor profiles.
Tissue clearing
Tissue clearing refers to a group of chemical techniques used to turn tissues transparent. By turning tissues transparent to certain wavelengths of light, it allows one to gain optical access to a tissue. That is, light can pass into and out of the cleared tissue freely, allowing one to see the structures deep within the tissue without physically cutting it open. Many tissue clearing methods exist, each with different strengths and weaknesses. Some are generally applicable, while others are designed for specific applications. Tissue clearing is usually useful only combined with one or more  fluorescent labeling techniques such as immunolabeling and subsequently imaged, most often by optical sectioning microscopy techniques. Tissue clearing has been applied to many areas in biological research. It is one of the more efficient ways to perform three-dimensional histology.

Histology
Histology, also known as microscopic anatomy, microanatomy or histoanatomy, is the branch of biology that studies the microscopic anatomy of biological tissues. Histology is the microscopic counterpart to gross anatomy, which looks at larger structures visible without a microscope.

Historically, microscopic anatomy was divided into organology, the study of organs, histology, the study of tissues, and cytology, the study of cells, although modern usage places all of these topics under the field of histology. In medicine, histopathology is the branch of histology that includes the microscopic identification and study of diseased tissue. In the field of paleontology, the term paleohistology refers to the histology of fossil organisms.
White Flower
The White Flower (Italian: Biancofiore) was an informal name given to the electoral alliance of two Christian democratic Italian political parties  for the 2001 general election, namely:

Christian Democratic Centre

United Christian Democrats

The alliance's name came from "O bianco fiore", the party anthem of Christian Democracy. The parties aligned themselves with the House of Freedoms centre-right coalition. It was led by Pier Ferdinando Casini. The list gained only 3.2% of the vote, short of the 4% threshold however, thanks to its alliance with the House of Freedoms, it gained 40 Deputies and 29 Senators.

In December 2002 both constituent parties merged with European Democracy to form the Union of Christian and Centre Democrats (UDC).

2001 Italian general election
The 2001 Italian general election was held in Italy on 13 May 2001 to elect members of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate of the Republic. The election was won by the centre-right coalition House of Freedoms led by Silvio Berlusconi, defeating Francesco Rutelli, former mayor of Rome, and leader of the centre-left coalition The Olive Tree, and rising back to power after Berlusconi's first victory in the 1994 Italian general election.
Xanthomonas translucens
Xanthomonas translucens is a species of phytopathogenic bacteria. It is the causal agent of bacterial leaf streak in of wheat and cereal crop. The bacterium is transmitted as a seed-borne pathogen. The transmission rate is very low but ensures serious outbreaks in the field under suitable conditions.
The pathogen is a non-sporing, aerobic, motile, gram-negative, rod bacterium with a single polar flagellum.

Plant disease
Plant diseases are diseases in plants caused by pathogens (infectious organisms) and environmental conditions (physiological factors). Organisms that cause infectious disease include fungi, oomycetes, bacteria, viruses, viroids, virus-like organisms, phytoplasmas, protozoa, nematodes and parasitic plants. Not included are ectoparasites like insects, mites, vertebrates, or other pests that affect plant health by eating plant tissues and causing injury that may admit plant pathogens. The study of plant disease is called plant pathology.
John Paul O'Shea
John Paul O'Shea (born 1982/1983) is an Irish Fine Gael politician who has been a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Cork North-West constituency since the 2024 general election.

He was a member of Cork County Council from the Kanturk area from 2009 to 2024. He was elected to Cork County Council in 2009, as an independent and was re-elected in 2014. In 2016, he ran for the Dáil, as an independent but was eliminated on the ninth count. In 2018, he joined Fine Gael and was elected for that party at the 2019 and 2024 local elections.

O'Shea was elected on the 6th count in the 2024 election. He was subsequently appointed Cathaoirleach of the Committee on Social Protection, Rural and Community Development.

Cork North-West
Cork North-West is a parliamentary constituency represented in Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Irish parliament or Oireachtas. The constituency elects three deputies (Teachtaí Dála, commonly known as TDs) on the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV).
Derbent, Konya
Derbent is a municipality and district of Konya Province, Turkey. Its area is 359 km2, and its population is 4,052 (2022).

Its area is 359 km², of which approximately 10 km² is irrigable and the total area of 156 km² is agricultural land. The remaining part is settlements, forest and pasture land. In the Ottoman Period, the word "derbent" was used to mean department. In this sense, the outposts used in passages and straits on mountains are called "derbents".

Derbent remained within the borders of the Eshrefids Principality during the Seljuk period. Eşrefoğulları Principality borders includes the borders of Ilgın, Bolvadin and Akşehir after Beyşehir and Seydişehir. Cities such as Bozkır, Şarkikaraağaç, Yalvaç, Gelendost, Kıreli, Doğanhisar and even Çal were sometimes included within the borders of the principality.

Bolvadin
Bolvadin (Ancient Greek: Πολύβοτον/Πολύβοτος and Latin: Polybotum/Polybotus) is a city of Afyonkarahisar Province in Turkey. It is the seat of Bolvadin District. Bolvadin district has a total population of 45,468 according to the 2024 census. It has an altitude of 1,016 m. The mayor is Derviş Aynaci (MHP).

Bolvadin is the third-largest town in the province, after Afyonkarahisar and Sandıklı, built on a large fertile plain between the mountains of Sultandağ and Emirdağ inland from the Aegean coast.
35th Flying Training Wing (U.S. Army Air Forces)
The 35th Flying Training Wing is an inactive United States Air Force unit. It was last assigned to the Western Flying Training Command, and was disbanded on 16 June 1946 at the Minter Field, California.

There is no lineage between the United States Air Force 35th Fighter Wing, established on 10 August 1948 at Irumagawa Airbase, Japan, and this organization.

Iruma Air Base
Iruma Air Base (入間基地, Iruma-kichi) (ICAO: RJTJ) is a Japan Air Self-Defense Force (JASDF) base located in the city of Sayama, Saitama Prefecture, north of western Tokyo, Japan.

It was the airfield for the Imperial Japanese Army Air Force Academy until 1945, when it became Johnson Air Force base of the United States Air Force during and after the occupation of Japan. Johnson AB was completely returned to the Government of Japan in 1978.

Currently, Iruma Air Base is home to the Air Defense Command Headquarters Flight Group. Aircraft located at the base include the U-4, NAMC YS-11, T-4, and Kawasaki C-1. Its annual air show on the November 3rd Culture Day holiday is a popular public event.
A Wonderful World (film)
Un mundo maravilloso ("A Wonderful World") is a 2006 Mexican satirical black comedy film produced by Bandidos Films, directed by Luis Estrada and considered a "spiritual sequel" to La ley de Herodes; it is a political satire about Vicente Fox Quesada's government and its neo-liberal doctrine.

Unlike La ley de Herodes, this film was released without interference from Fox's government, and it even was partly sponsored by Imcine.

The film's spiritual successor, El Infierno was released on September 3, 2010, to coincide with the 200th anniversary of Mexican independence.

Another "spiritual sequel", La dictadura perfecta, was released on October 16, 2014.

Instituto Mexicano de Cinematografía
The Mexican Film Institute (Spanish: Instituto Mexicano de Cinematografía, IMCINE) is an agency of the Mexican federal government, under the auspices of the Secretariat of Culture, that supports the development of national film production and the film industry.
Everything's Tuesday
"Everything's Tuesday" is a song, written by Holland-Dozier-Holland (using the pseudonym Edyth Wayne) with Daphne Dumas and Ron Dunbar. When released as a single, performed by American group Chairmen of the Board and produced by Holland-Dozier-Holland, it was a hit.

Ron Dunbar
Ronald Dunbar (April 15, 1939 – April 3, 2018) was an American songwriter, A&R director and record producer who worked closely with Holland–Dozier–Holland, and with George Clinton.  His co-writing credits include the hit songs "Give Me Just a Little More Time", "Band of Gold", and "Patches", for which he won a Grammy. His Grammy award was sold for $2,350 to the owners of TV show Pawn Stars.  It was later returned to the Dunbar family, after it was discovered that the buying and selling of Grammy trophies is not allowed.