hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John McCluer
John McCluer (c. 1759 – 1795) was a Scottish hydrographer who rose to the rank of captain in the Bombay Marine. Between 1785 and 1787 he surveyed Muscat and Matruh harbours at the entrance to the Gulf of Oman. In 1787 he was ordered to survey the bank of soundings off Bombay, which he did so thoroughly that his charts remained practically as he left them for nearly seventy years. In 1790 he was appointed to command a small expedition to the Pelew Islands, with the double object of surveying and establishing friendly relations with the natives. He was lost at sea in 1795.

Muttrah
Muttrah, (Arabic: مطرح) administratively a province, is located in the Muscat Governorate of Oman. Before the discovery of oil in Oman, Muttrah was the center of commerce in Oman (Muscat). It is still a center of commerce as one of the largest seaports of the region is located there. Other landmarks include Souq Muttrah, a traditional bazaar and Sour Al-Lawatiah, a small community of houses surrounded by an old wall. To the south lies Muscat District.
Ranger Regiment (United Kingdom)
The Ranger Regiment is a special operations-capable regiment of the British Army which was formed on 1 December 2021 under the Future Soldier reform and is part of the Army Special Operations Brigade previously called the Specialised Infantry Group. It is intended to be used primarily in an unconventional warfare and foreign internal defence capacity in a similar manner to the US Army Special Forces.

Unconventional warfare
Unconventional warfare (UW) is broadly defined as "military and quasi-military operations other than conventional warfare" and may use covert forces or actions such as subversion, diversion, sabotage, espionage, biowarfare, sanctions, propaganda or guerrilla warfare. This is typically done to avoid escalation into conventional warfare as well as international conventions.
Tara Priya
Tara Priya (born Tara Priya Chandra) is a London-based American singer-songwriter and vocalist. Tara Priya was born in San Francisco to a Persian mother, the niece of poet Sohrab Sepehri, and an Indian father.

Sohrab Sepehri
Sohrab Sepehri (7 October 1928 – 21 April 1980; Persian: سهراب سپهری) was an Iranian poet and painter, considered to be one of the five most famous Iranian poets who have practiced modern poetry alongside Nima Youshij, Ahmad Shamlou, Mehdi Akhavan-Sales, and Forough Farrokhzad. Sepehri's poems have been translated into several languages, including English, French, Spanish, Italian, Lithuanian and Kurdish.
Doornkop
Doornkop (literally "thorn hill") is a ridge and locality on the western outskirts of Soweto in the Gauteng Province, South Africa. The area is currently being subsumed by the westward expansion of Soweto and the eastward growth of Krugersdorp's Kagiso township. Suburbs include Tshepisong, Leratong Village, Bambayi and Thulani. Doornkop is also known as Thulani, Snakepark and Silvertown.

There is another place named Doornkop, a community 15 km north of Middelburg in the Steve Tshwete Local Municipality in Mpumalanga.

Steve Tshwete Local Municipality
Steve Tshwete Municipality (Zulu: UMasipala iSteve Tshwete; Afrikaans: Steve Tshwete Munisipaliteit; Southern Ndebele: UMasipaladi weSteve Tshwete; Northern Sotho: Mmasepala wa Steve Tshwete), formerly Middelburg Municipality, is a local municipality within the Nkangala District Municipality, in the Mpumalanga province of South Africa. The seat is Middelburg. The local municipality was one of the four to have passed the 2009-10 audit by the Auditor-General of South Africa, who deemed it to have a clean administration.

The municipality is named after Steve Tshwete, an ANC activist imprisoned by the apartheid authorities on Robben Island from February 1964 to 1983.
The Merton
The Merton (Chinese: 泓都) is a high-rise development located in Kennedy Town supplying 1,182 units in total, Hong Kong. The complex consists of three towers. The Merton 1 rises 59 floors and 197 metres (646 ft), and stands as the 60th-tallest building in territory. The Merton 2 and The Merton 3 rise 51 floors and 180 metres (591 ft), and stand as the 100th-tallest buildings in the territory; the two structures are tied in rank with the Sham Wan Towers and Liberté 5 and 6. The complex, composed entirely of residential units, was designed by architectural firm Ronald Lu & Partners and developed by New World Development. Construction began in 1998 and completed in 2005.

The complex has a club house in each of the three towers, comprising a swimming pool, gymnasium, yoga and aerobics rooms, reading room, indoor kids playing area, steam room, and sauna.

Ronald Lu and Partners
Ronald Lu & Partners (RLP, Chinese: 呂元祥建築師事務所) is a Hong Kong architecture and interior design firm founded by Ronald Lu in 1976. The practice provides architecture, interior design and master planning services in various sectors including culture and community, education, mix-used, commercial, residential, hotel and retail and transit-oriented development.

It is headquartered in Wan Chai, Hong Kong, with offices in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen as well as an office in Taipei, Taiwan.
Mini (1995 film)
Mini is a 1995 Indian Malayalam-language film directed by P. Chandrakumar, written by Iskantar Mirsa, and produced by Madhu. The film depicts the problem of alcoholism through the determined efforts of a young girl to save her father from self-destruction. It stars Aarati Ghanashyam, Chandrahasan, Cuckoo Parameswaran, Babu G. Nair and Malini Nair in pivotal roles. It won the National Film Award for Best Film on Family Welfare. Aarati Ghanashyam won the Kerala State Film Award for Best Child Artist and Kerala Film Critics Association Award for Best Child Artist.

P. Chandrakumar
P. Chandrakumar is an Indian film director, cinematographer, and film distributor who worked in Malayalam cinema. He is known for introducing the Malayalam cinema with soft porn culture from the late 1980s. His film Adipapam (1988) is considered the first successful Malayalam film with softcore nudity.
Ford Figo
The Ford Figo is a subcompact hatchback manufactured by Ford India in its Chennai and Sanand plants. Based on the Mark V European Ford Fiesta hatchback, the Figo has been sold in emerging countries between March 2010 and 2021.

Latin NCAP
The Latin New Car Assessment Programme (Latin NCAP) is an automobile safety assessment programme for Latin America and the Caribbean. Founded in 2010, it offers independent information to consumers about the safety levels of new cars in the market. Latin NCAP tests are based in international renowned methodologies, with vehicles awarded a safety rating between 0 and 5 stars, indicating the protection the cars offer to adult and child occupants. The programme started as a joint initiative and in 2014 it was established as an association under a legal entity framework.
Peroneal strike
A peroneal strike is a temporarily disabling blow to the common fibular (peroneal) nerve of the leg, just above the knee. The attacker aims roughly a hand span above the exterior side of the knee, towards the back of the leg. This causes a temporary loss of motor control of the leg, accompanied by numbness and a painful tingling sensation from the point of impact all the way down the leg, usually lasting anywhere from 30 seconds to 5 hours in duration.

The strike is commonly made with the knee, a baton, or shin kick, but can be done by anything forcefully impacting the nerve. The technique is a part of the pressure point control tactics used in martial arts and by law enforcement agents.

The peroneal strike was used against detainees during the 2002 Bagram torture and prisoner abuse scandal.

Pressure point
Pressure points derive from the supposed meridian points in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Indian Ayurveda and Siddha medicine, and martial arts. They refer to areas on the human body that may produce significant pain or other effects when manipulated in a specific manner.
Stand by Your Man (LL Cool J song)
"Stand by Your Man" is a song by American rapper and actor LL Cool J, released as the final single from his fifth studio album, 14 Shots to the Dome (1993). It was released on October 4, 1993 by Def Jam Recordings, and was produced by Marley Marl and LL Cool J. "Stand By Your Man" had the least commercial success of the four singles, only making it to number 67 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks and 24 on the Hot Rap Tracks. The B-side was "Soul Survivor".

"Stand by Your Man" was nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Rap Solo Performance but lost to "Let Me Ride" by Dr. Dre.

Def Jam Recordings
Def Jam Recordings (also simply known as Def Jam) is an American multinational record label owned by Universal Music Group. It is based in Manhattan, New York City, specializing predominantly in hip-hop, contemporary R&B, soul and pop.

The label has a London-based, UK arm known as 0207 Def Jam (formerly Def Jam UK in the 1990s until the mid-2000s) and is currently operated through EMI Records. It has a Johannesburg, South Africa and Lagos, Nigeria-based arm known as Def Jam Africa.
Kieldson Double House
The Kieldson Double House in Boise, Idaho, is a 2-story, brick and stone building with a Renaissance Revival facade containing late medieval elements. The duplex was designed by Tourtellotte & Co. and constructed in 1903. It features two prominent, beveled bays each on either side of a common porch. The site was added to the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 1982.

Louis P. Kieldson (b. March 29, 1865, Denmark) was a brick and stonemason who arrived in Boise City in 1891. Kieldson was employed as a contractor on many local building projects, including the Idanha Hotel, Carnegie Library, and Garfield School. In 1904 he constructed his own house adjacent to the Kieldson Double House on Jefferson Street, although the Kieldson House is not listed on the NRHP. Kieldson later served on the Boise City Council.

Carnegie Public Library (Boise, Idaho)
The Carnegie Public Library (Boise, Idaho) is a Neoclassical building designed by Tourtellotte & Co. and constructed in Boise, Idaho, in 1904–1905.  It was individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974. In 1982 it was included as a contributing property in the Fort Street Historic District.
Radnevo Peak
Radnevo Peak (Bulgarian: връх Раднево, romanized: vrah Radnevo, IPA: [ˈvrɤx ˈradnɛvo]) is a peak of elevation 481 m forming the southwest extremity of Vidin Heights on Varna Peninsula on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.  Surmounting Kaliakra Glacier to the southeast and Saedinenie Snowfield to the northwest.  Linked to Leslie Hill by Leslie Gap.  The peak is named after the town of Radnevo in Southeastern Bulgaria.

First ascent by Lyubomir Ivanov from Camp Academia on 25 December 2004, as part of Tangra 2004/05 survey.

Camp Academia
Camp Academia (Bulgarian: лагер Академия, romanized: lager Akademiya, IPA: [ˈɫaɡɛr ɐkɐˈdɛmijɐ]) is a geographical locality in eastern Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, named for the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences in appreciation of the Academy’s contribution to Antarctic exploration. The site was first occupied in the 2004/05 austral summer, and has been designated since 2004 as the summer post office Tangra 1091, the southernmost branch of the Bulgarian Posts Plc.
Markov–Krein theorem
In probability theory, the Markov–Krein theorem gives the best upper and lower bounds on the expected values of certain functions of a random variable where only the first moments of the random variable are known. The result is named after Andrey Markov and Mark Krein.

The theorem can be used to bound average response times in the M/G/k queueing system.

Andrey Markov
Andrey Andreyevich Markov (14 June [O.S. 2 June] 1856 – 20 July 1922) was a Russian mathematician celebrated for his pioneering work in stochastic processes. He extended foundational results—such as the law of large numbers and the central limit theorem—to sequences of dependent random variables, laying the groundwork for what would become known as Markov chains. To illustrate his methods, he analyzed the distribution of vowels and consonants in Alexander Pushkin's Eugene Onegin, treating letters purely as abstract categories and stripping away any poetic or semantic content.

He was also a strong chess player.

Markov and his younger brother Vladimir Andreyevich Markov (1871–1897) proved the Markov brothers' inequality. His son, another Andrey Andreyevich Markov (1903–1979), was also a notable mathematician, making contributions to constructive mathematics and recursive function theory.
Penstemon glaber
Penstemon glaber, commonly known as sawsepal penstemon, is a species in the Plantaginaceae family from western North America. It grows as far north as Montana and North Dakota and as far south as Chihuahua in northern Mexico.

Trichome
Trichomes (/ˈtraɪkoʊmz, ˈtrɪkoʊmz/; from Ancient Greek  τρίχωμα (tríkhōma) 'hair') are fine outgrowths or appendages on plants, algae, lichens, and certain protists. They are of diverse structure and function. Examples are hairs, glandular hairs, scales, and papillae. A covering of any kind of hair on a plant is an indumentum, and the surface bearing them is said to be pubescent.
E.J. Lavino and Company 3
E.J. Lavino and Company 3 is a 0-6-0ST type steam locomotive preserved at Steamtown National Historic Site. It was built by the American Locomotive Company in 1927 as Poland Springs Railroad No. 2. No record exists that the locomotive was ever delivered to Poland Springs. In any case, it is known to have been sold to the E.J. Lavino Steel Company of Sheridan, Pennsylvania sometime by 1949. In 1966, the locomotive was donated to F. Nelson Blount and Steamtown, U.S.A. in Bellows Falls, Vermont in 1966. A sister 0-6-0ST, E.J. Lavino and Company 10, is at the Pacific Southwest Railway Museum.

Bellows Falls, Vermont
Bellows Falls is an incorporated village located in the town of Rockingham in Windham County, Vermont, United States.  The population was 2,747 at the 2020 census. Bellows Falls is home to the Green Mountain Railroad, a heritage railroad; the annual Roots on the River Festival; and the No Film Film Festival.
Sclerophrys asmarae
Sclerophrys asmarae, also known as the Asmara toad (ኣስመራ ጋዝዕ), is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is named after its type locality, the capital city of Eritrea, Asmara. It is found on the Ethiopian Highlands on both sides of the Rift Valley, with the western population extending north into Eritrea. Its natural habitats are montane grasslands, and tentatively at lower elevations, arid savanna. It is a locally common and adaptable species that is impacted by habitat degradation, though probably without posing a serious risk.

Great Rift Valley, Ethiopia
The Great Rift Valley of Ethiopia, (or Main Ethiopian Rift or Ethiopian Rift Valley) is a branch of the East African Rift that runs through Ethiopia in a southwest direction from the Afar triple junction. In the past, it was seen as part of a "Great Rift Valley" that ran from Mozambique to Syria. Known for its scenery and diverse wildlife in Ethiopia specifically the Rift Valley holds importance in the field of human evolution. It is recognized as an area for researching the stages of human development with crucial fossil findings such, as Lucy (Australopithecus afarensis) unearthed within its bounds.
California Senate Bill 531 (2019)
In the 2019-2020 regular session of the California State Legislature, SB 531 was introduced to ban local governments from providing sales tax kickbacks to e-commerce businesses for using that jurisdiction as the point of sale. The bill passed both houses of the legislature, but was vetoed by Governor Gavin Newsom.

Kickback (finance)
A kickback is a payment that partially offsets a larger payment in another direction. The term often connotes a secret or illegal payment, such as a form of negotiated bribery in which a commission is secretly paid to the person who arranges a deal. Generally speaking, the remuneration (money, goods, or services handed over) for a kickback is negotiated ahead of time.  The kickback varies from other kinds of bribes in that there is implied collusion between agents of the two parties, rather than one party extorting the bribe from the other. The purpose of the kickback is usually to encourage the other party to cooperate in the scheme.

The term "kickback" comes from colloquial English language, and describes the way a recipient of illegal gain "kicks back" a portion of it to another person for that person's assistance in obtaining it.
Bear and the Gang
Bear and the Gang is an advertising campaign for the Boston Bruins created by Arnold Worldwide and the Boston Bruins as part of the Bruins Digital Entertainment Network ('Bruins DEN').  It consists of several episodes that are approximately 60 seconds each.  Each episode is centered on the activities of the Bear character from the Bruins Hockey Rules commercials (not to be confused with the bear 'Blades,' who is the Bruins official mascot), and is in the form of a 1980s television sitcom.

Each Bear and the Gang episode guest-stars other popular Bruins figures besides the Bear, including players, coaches, Jack Edwards, Rene Rancourt, and 'Holly,' the captain of the Bruins Ice Girls.

Jack Edwards (sportscaster)
Jack Edwards (born March 1957) is an American former sports commentator and reporter. From 2005 to 2024, he provided play-by-play commentary for Boston Bruins games on NESN television. From 1991 to 2003, he worked for ESPN as an anchor for their sports news program SportsCenter, as well as a play-by-play commentator for their NHL, MLS, Little League Baseball, and 2002 FIFA World Cup broadcasts. Edwards provided commentary for the Konami soccer video game MLS Extra Time 2002.
1942 Bulgarian Cup final
The 1942 Bulgarian Cup final was the 5th final of the Bulgarian Cup (in this period the tournament was named Tsar's Cup), and was contested between Levski Sofia and Sportklub Plovdiv on 3 October 1942 at Yunak Stadium in Sofia. Levski won the final 3–0 (walkover), claiming their first ever Bulgarian Cup title.

Walkover
A walkover, also W.O. or w/o (originally two words: "walk over"), is a victory awarded to the opposing team/player, etc., if there are no other players available, or they have been disqualified, because the other contestants have forfeited or the other contestants have withdrawn from the contest. The term can apply in sport, elections or other contexts where a victory can be achieved by default. The narrow and extended meanings of "walkover" as a single word are both found from 1829. Other sports-specific variations of the term exist,  especially where walking is not involved: competitive rowing, for example, uses the term row over.
ŽNK Krka
Ženski nogometni klub Krka (English: Women's Football Club Krka), commonly referred to as ŽNK Krka or simply Krka, was a Slovenian women's football club from Novo Mesto. Krka won the Slovenian Women's League eight times, and played several seasons in UEFA competitions. Their best international result was reaching the round of 32 in the 2010–11 UEFA Women's Champions League. Krka was dissolved in 2016.

2010–11 UEFA Women's Champions League
The 2010–11 UEFA Women's Champions League was the tenth edition of the European women's championship for football clubs. The final was held in London, England on 26 May 2011 at Craven Cottage.

French side Olympique Lyon won the competition after finishing runner-up the previous year. Lyon became the first French team to win the competition.
Terry Walsh (actor)
Terry Walsh was a British actor, stuntman, stunt arranger and fight arranger who contributed much to British television and film, especially during the 1970s. He stunt-doubled for Jon Pertwee, Michael Caine, Tom Baker and David Warner amongst others.

Walsh is known for his work on the science fiction television programme Doctor Who. He worked on the show from 1966 to 1979.

He was also the stunt co-ordinator for Robin of Sherwood, devising three sword fighting sequences, which subsequently became standard movements on television and film. The moves were known as Robin Hood 1, 2 and 3.

His other credits include The Sandbaggers, Tales of the Unexpected, Z-Cars, Space: 1999, Dixon of Dock Green and Softly, Softly.

When he wasn't stunting, he drove a black-cab from Edgware station taxi-rank.

Tales of the Unexpected (TV series)
Tales of the Unexpected (known as Roald Dahl's Tales of the Unexpected for the first two series) is a British television series that aired between 1979 and 1988. Each episode told a story, often with sinister and wryly comedic undertones, with an unexpected twist ending. Every episode of series one, 12 episodes of series two, two episodes of series three, two episodes of series four, and one episode of series nine were based on short stories by Roald Dahl collected in the books Tales of the Unexpected, Kiss Kiss, and Someone Like You.

The series was made by Anglia Television for ITV with interior scenes recorded at its Norwich studios, whilst location filming mainly occurred across East Anglia. The theme music for the series was written by composer Ron Grainer. The dancer in the opening titles was Karen Standley.

The series has been repeated on Granada Plus, ITV3 and Sky Arts.
Mount Denison
Mount Denison is a stratovolcano and one of the highest peaks on the Alaska Peninsula. Discovered in 1923 by Harvard professor Kirtley Fletcher Mather, the mountain was named for the geologist's alma mater, Denison University. The mountain's connection to Denison also include its first climbers: all members of the first two ascent teams as well as the group that attempted in 1977 were either students, alumni, or faculty of the university.

Mount Denison is located at the end of a volcanic chain in a heavily glaciated and very remote section of Katmai National Park. It is possibly the tallest mountain in the national park, though some sources list Mount Griggs as the highest. Mount Griggs, on the other hand, is much more accessible, being next to the Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes, which can be reached via the road from the national park's visitor center.

There is no record of an eruption, but Mount Denison was probably active some time in the last 10,000 years (the Holocene epoch).

Alaska Peninsula
The Alaska Peninsula (also called the Aleut Peninsula or the Aleutian Peninsula, Aleut: Alaxsxix̂; Sugpiaq: Aluuwiq, Al'uwiq) is a peninsula extending about 497 mi (800 km) to the southwest from the mainland of Alaska and ending in the Aleutian Islands. The peninsula separates the Pacific Ocean from Bristol Bay, an arm of the Bering Sea.

In literature (especially Russian), the term Alaska Peninsula was used to denote the entire north-western protrusion of the North American continent, or all of what is now the state of Alaska, exclusive of its panhandle and islands. The Lake and Peninsula borough, the Alaskan equivalent of a county, is named after the peninsula.

The Alaska/Aleutian Peninsula is also grouped into Southwest Alaska.

The other large peninsulas in Alaska include the Kenai Peninsula and the Seward Peninsula.