hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tetramine
Tetramine is a typical name for a chemical containing four amine groups. Some examples are:

Triethylenetetramine ("trien"), aka 1,4,7,10-Tetraazadecane

1,4,8,11-Tetraazaundecane

Hexamethylenetetramine (hexamine)

All of the abive are examples of a polyamine.

Tetramethylenedisulfotetramine (TETS), a rodenticide banned in most countries

Tetramine is also used as a synonym for the tetramethylammonium cation.

1,4,8,11-Tetraazaundecane
1,4,8,11-Tetraazaundecane, IUPAC name: N,N'-bis(2-aminoethyl)propane-1,3-diamine, is the organic compound with the formula (H2NCH2CH2NHCH2)2CH2.  It is a tetramine, consisting of two primary amines and two secondary amines positioned symmetrically.  Like many amines, this compound has a high affinity for carbon dioxide.  The compound can be prepared by treatment of 1,3-dibromopropane with excess ethylenediamine.

The compound has been examined often as a ligand in coordination chemistry.  It is tetradentate ligand similar to 1,4,7,10-tetraazadecane. By condensation of its nickel(II) complexes with formaldehyde, one can obtain a variety of macrocyclic ligands.
Centre for Internet and Society (India)
The Centre for Internet and Society (CIS) is an Indian non-profit multidisciplinary research organization, based in Bengaluru. CIS works on digital pluralism, public accountability and pedagogic practices, in the field of the Internet and Society.

CIS was founded in 2008 by Sunil Abraham, based on an idea by Lawrence Liang, with initial funding by Anurag Dikshit who by 2014 remained among the centre's financial backers, alongside Rohini Nilekani. In 2020, Amber Sinha succeeded Abraham as executive director. During its first half decade, major work areas of CIS included contributing to the Indian government's efforts to standardize e-governance, as well as the country's privacy laws and telecom policy, and efforts to improve internet access in rural areas.

National e-Governance Plan
The National e-Governance Plan (NeGP) is an initiative of the Government of India to make all government services available to the citizens of India via electronic media. NeGP was formulated by the Department of Electronics and Information Technology (DeitY) and Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances (DARPG). The Government approved the National e-Governance Plan, consisting of 27 "Mission Mode Projects" (MMPs) and 8 components (now 31, 4 new added in 2011 viz Health, Education, PDS & Posts), on 18 May 2006. This is an enabler of Digital India initiative, and UMANG (Unified Mobile Application for New-age Governance) in turn is an enabler of NeGP.

"Meta data and data standards" is the official document describing the standards for common metadata as part of India's National e-Governance Plan.
William Hearn (rower)
William Hearn (born 13 May 1850 in Paisley, Scotland) was a champion professional sculler of New Zealand, who emigrated to Victoria at a young age. He came to New Zealand in 1862, and had been a resident in Wellington since January 1876, nearly all the time having been employed by Messrs Greenfield and Stewart, timber merchants.

Sculling
Sculling is the use of oars to propel a boat by moving them through the water on both sides of the craft, or moving one oar over the stern. A long, narrow boat with sliding seats, rigged with two oars per rower may be referred to as a scull, its oars may be referred to as sculls and a person rowing it referred to as sculler.

Sculling is distinguished from sweep rowing, whereby each boat crew member employs an oar, complemented by another crew member on the opposite side with an oar, usually with each pulling it with two hands and from stern sculling, which uses an oar to propel a vessel with side-to-side movements from the stern.
Lidiano Bacchielli
Lidiano Bacchielli (30 July 1947 in Urbino – 8 June 1996 in Milan) was an Italian archaeologist, specializing in the ancient north African region of Cyrenaica. He studied under the noted scholar Sandro Stucchi at the University of Urbino, working with him on archaeological digs in Libya and eventually succeeding Stucchi as the head of the Italian mission in Cyrenaica. Bacchielli taught classical archaeology at Rome (La Sapienza) and at Urbino. He is notable for furthering knowledge of Cyrene's art, architecture and town planning. Alongside numerous scholarly publications, he also wrote for a wider public. His best known popular work was titled Libya: The Lost Cities of the Roman Empire, co-written with fellow archaeologists Antonino Di Vita and Ginette Di Vita-Evrard.

An issue of the scholarly journal Quaderni di archeologia della Libia was dedicated to his memory in 2003.

Urbino
Urbino (UK: /ɜːrˈbiːnoʊ/ ur-BEE-noh, Italian: [urˈbiːno] ⓘ; Romagnol: Urbìn) is a comune (municipality) in the Italian region of Marche, southwest of Pesaro, a World Heritage Site notable for a remarkable historical legacy of independent Renaissance culture, especially under the patronage of Federico da Montefeltro, duke of Urbino from 1444 to 1482.

The town, nestled on a high sloping hillside, retains much of its picturesque medieval aspect. It hosts the University of Urbino, founded in 1506, and is the seat of the Archbishop of Urbino. Its best-known architectural piece is the Palazzo Ducale, rebuilt by Luciano Laurana.
Suhindol Municipality
Suhindol Municipality (Bulgarian: Община Сухиндол) is a small municipality (obshtina) in Veliko Tarnovo Province, central-north Bulgaria, located in the transition between the Danubian Plain and the area of the so-called Fore-Balkan. It is named after its administrative centre – the town of Suhindol.

The municipality embraces a territory of 157.55 km2 (60.83 sq mi) with a population of 3,046, as of December 2009.

The Hemus motorway is planned to cross the area connecting the capital city of Sofia with the port of Varna on the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast.

Veliko Tarnovo Province
Veliko Tarnovo (Bulgarian: Област Велико Търново, romanized: Oblast Veliko Tǎrnovo) is a province in the middle of the northern part of Bulgaria. Its capital city, Veliko Tarnovo, is of historical significance as it was the capital of the Second Bulgarian Empire. The province is divided into ten municipalities with a total population, as of December 2009, of 275,395.

Other towns in the province include Gorna Oryahovitsa, which is within 10 km (6.2 mi) of Veliko Tarnovo, Svishtov, set on the Danube River and famous for its Tsenov Academy of Economics, and Suhindol, the hometown of Lovico — an internationally recognised label for fine wines and spirits. Another notable place is the village of Arbanasi, set between Veliko Tarnovo and Gorna Oryahovitsa. The combination of old style and modern architecture, as well as its churches and monasteries, present the spirit of Bulgaria. Real estate is among the most expensive in the country.
Pokrzywnica, Starachowice County
Pokrzywnica [pɔkʂɨvˈnit͡sa] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Pawłów, within Starachowice County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) south-east of Pawłów, 15 km (9 mi) south of Starachowice, and 38 km (24 mi) east of the regional capital Kielce.

Starachowice County
Starachowice County (Polish: powiat starachowicki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, south-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Starachowice, which lies 37 kilometres (23 mi) north-east of the regional capital Kielce. The only other town in the county is Wąchock, lying 5 km (3 mi) north-west of Starachowice.

The county covers an area of 523.27 square kilometres (202.0 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 89,925, out of which the population of Starachowice is 48,646, that of Wąchock is 2,766, and the rural population is 38,513.
632 Pyrrha
632 Pyrrha is a minor planet orbiting the Sun.

Photometric observations of the minor planet in 2011 gave a rotation period of 4.1167±0.001 h with an amplitude of 0.40±0.04 in magnitude. This result rules out previous determinations of the period.

Amplitude
The amplitude of a periodic variable is a measure of its change in a single period (such as time or spatial period). The amplitude of a non-periodic signal is its magnitude compared with a reference value. There are various definitions of amplitude (see below), which are all functions of the magnitude of the differences between the variable's extreme values. In older texts, the phase of a periodic function is sometimes called the amplitude.
Le Soliat
Le Soliat is a mountain of the Jura, overlooking Lake Neuchâtel in western Switzerland. The main summit (1,465 m) is located within the canton of Neuchâtel. A secondary summit (1,463 m) is located within the canton of Vaud.

The north side of the mountain forms a rocky cirque named Creux du Van.

Jura Mountains
The Jura Mountains (/ˈdʒʊərə, ˈʒʊərə/ JOOR-ə, ZHOOR-ə) are a sub-alpine mountain range, a short distance north of the Western Alps, and mainly demarcate a long part of the French–Swiss border. While the Jura range proper ("folded Jura", Faltenjura) is located in France and Switzerland, the range continues northeastwards through northern Switzerland and Germany as the Table Jura ("not folded Jura", Tafeljura), which is crossed by the High Rhine.
Albertus Fennar
Albertus A. Fennar (May 12, 1911 – June 15, 2001), nicknamed "Cleffie", was an American Negro league infielder in the 1930s.

A native of Wilmington, North Carolina, Fennar attended DeWitt Clinton High School in The Bronx, New York, where he played baseball, and also played basketball under Basketball Hall of Famer Dave Tobey.

Fennar played in the Negro leagues from 1931 to 1934 for the Lincoln Giants, New York Black Yankees, Brooklyn Royal Giants, Bacharach Giants, and Cuban Stars (East), and continued to play into the late 1940s with various industrial and semi-pro clubs. His unusual nickname derived from his father and brother's musical association with the Clef Club of Harlem. Fennar was honored by the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum in 1991 with the inclusion of his shortstop's glove in a Negro leagues display. He died in Paramus, New Jersey in 2001 at age 90.

Dave Tobey (basketball)
David Tobey (May 1, 1898 in New York, New York, United States – July 25, 1988) was an American basketball referee. He refereed many notable pro games in New York between 1918 and 1925. In 1926 he refereed the Syracuse vs. West Point game, which featured two future Hall of Famers, Vic Hanson and John Roosma. After that game he became popular and refereed many important games from 1926 to 1945, such as the first game with a three-man officiating crew (Georgetown vs. Columbia). After retirement from officiating, he became basketball coach at Cooper Union in New York City. He was enshrined in the Basketball Hall of Fame in 1961.
Marble, Pennsylvania
Marble is an unincorporated community in Clarion County, Pennsylvania, United States. The community is located along Pennsylvania Route 208, 6.2 miles (10.0 km) north of Shippenville. Marble has a post office with ZIP code 16334.

Pennsylvania Route 208
Pennsylvania Route 208 (PA 208) is located in Western Pennsylvania; its western terminus just west of the village of New Bedford in Lawrence County (11.5 miles northwest of New Castle) at U.S. Route 422 (US 422) and the Ohio state line.  It runs nearly 75 miles (121 km) to its eastern terminus in the village of Frills Corners in Clarion County (22 miles east of Oil City) at PA 36.
Royal River Conservation Trust
The Royal River Conservation Trust (RRCT) is a volunteer-run conservation group based in Yarmouth, Maine, United States. Established in 1988 and funded by its members, it owns many preserves and trail networks, and has assisted in the creation of town-owned parks and preserves, state parks and state wildlife-management areas. The trust, one of eighty land trusts in Maine, covers seven towns and cities in Androscoggin County and Cumberland County which form the watershed of the Royal River: Yarmouth, North Yarmouth, Pownal, New Gloucester, Gray, Durham and Auburn.

The trust's executive director is Chris Franklin, while its president is Emily Sneath Jones.

Auburn, Maine
Auburn is a city in south-central Maine, within the United States. Settled in the foothills of the Western Lakes and Mountains region of the state, the city serves as the county seat of Androscoggin County. The population was 24,061 at the 2020 census. Auburn and its sister city Lewiston are known locally as the Twin Cities or Lewiston–Auburn (L–A).
Basketball at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament
The women's tournament of basketball at the 2000 Olympics at Sydney, Australia began on September 16 and ended on September 30, when the United States defeated Australia 76–54 for the gold medal. Preliminary round games were held at The Dome and elimination games at the Sydney SuperDome.

Sydney SuperDome
The Sydney SuperDome, currently known as the Qudos Bank Arena under a naming rights deal, is a multipurpose arena in Sydney Olympic Park, New South Wales, Australia. It was completed in 1999 as part of the facilities for the 2000 Summer Olympics.
Stampe et Vertongen RSV.26
The Stampe et Vertongen RSV.26/140, RSV.26/180, and RSV.26 Lynx were a family of training biplanes designed by Alfred Renard and built by Stampe et Vertongen in Belgium in the 1920s. They were produced as a response to a requirement by the Belgian Air Force, which became their biggest user, although private owners also bought a small number.

Armstrong Siddeley Lynx
The Armstrong Siddeley Lynx is a British seven-cylinder aero engine developed by Armstrong Siddeley.  It was developed as a single row version of the two-row Armstrong Siddeley Jaguar. Testing began in 1920 and 6,000 had been produced by 1939. In Italy Alfa Romeo built a 200 horsepower (150 kW) licensed version of this engine named the Alfa Romeo Lynx.
Solstad Offshore
Solstad Offshore (OSE: SOFF) is a Norwegian offshore service and supply ship shipping company that operates 89 vessels and including 26 construction service vessels, 21 anchor handling tug supply vessels and 42 platform supply vessels. The company is based in Skudeneshavn, but also has offices in Ålesund, Aberdeen, Rio de Janeiro, Perth, Singapore, Manila and Odesa.

Deadweight tonnage
Deadweight tonnage (also known as deadweight; abbreviated to DWT, D.W.T., d.w.t., or dwt) or tons deadweight (DWT) is a measure of how much weight a ship can carry. It is the sum of the weights of cargo, fuel, fresh water, ballast water, provisions, passengers, and crew.

DWT is often used to specify a ship's maximum permissible deadweight (i.e. when it is fully loaded so that its Plimsoll line is at water level), although it may also denote the actual DWT of a ship not loaded to capacity.
Arma Christi
Arma Christi ("weapons of Christ"), or the Instruments of the Passion, are the objects associated with the Passion of Jesus Christ in Christian symbolism and art. They are seen as arms in the sense of heraldry, and also as the weapons Christ used to achieve his conquest over Satan. There is a group, at a maximum of about 20 items, which are frequently used in Christian art, especially in the Late Middle Ages. Typically, they surround either a cross or a figure of Christ of the Man of Sorrows type, either placed around the composition, or held by angels.

Christian art
Christian art is sacred art which uses subjects, themes, and imagery from Christianity. Most Christian groups use or have used art to some extent, including early Christian art and architecture and Christian media.

Images of Jesus and narrative scenes from the Life of Christ are the most common subjects, and scenes from the Old Testament play a part in the art of most denominations. Images of the Virgin Mary and saints are common in certain denominations of Christianity, including Catholicism, Oriental Orthodoxy, Eastern Orthodoxy, and Evangelical Lutheranism. They are less common in other branches of the faith, such as Reformed Christianity.

Christianity makes far wider use of images than related religions, in which figurative representations are forbidden, such as Islam and Judaism. However, there are some that have promoted aniconism in Christianity, and there have been periods of iconoclasm within Christianity.
Third encirclement campaign against the Jiangxi Soviet
The third encirclement campaign (Chinese: 第三次围剿) against Jiangxi Soviet was the third campaign launched by the Chinese Nationalist Government in the hope of destroying the Red Army in Jiangxi. It was launched less than a month after the previous campaign failed. However, this encirclement was repelled by the Red Army's third counter-encirclement campaign at the Central Soviet (Chinese: 中央苏区第三次反围剿), also called as the third counter-encirclement campaign at the Central Revolutionary Base (Chinese: 中央革命根据地第三次反围剿).

Han Deqin
Han Deqin (traditional Chinese: 韓德勤; simplified Chinese: 韩德勤; pinyin: Hán Déqín; Wade–Giles: Han Teh-chin; 8 October 1892 – 15 August 1988) was a general of the Republic of China during the Second-Sino Japanese War and the Chinese Civil War.  He commanded Nationalist forces the Battle of Huangqiao, the precursor to the New Fourth Army incident, which effectively ended the uneasy Second United Front between the Kuomintang and the Chinese Communist Party.
Gassed (painting)
Gassed is a very large oil painting completed in March 1919 by John Singer Sargent.  It depicts the aftermath of a mustard gas attack during the First World War, with a line of wounded soldiers walking towards a dressing station.  Sargent was commissioned by the British War Memorials Committee to document the war and visited the Western Front in July 1918 spending time with the Guards Division near Arras, and then with the American Expeditionary Forces near Ypres.  The painting was finished in March 1919 and voted picture of the year by the Royal Academy of Arts in 1919.  It is now held by the Imperial War Museum. It visited the US in 1999 for a series of retrospective exhibitions, and then from 2016 to 2018 for exhibitions commemorating the centenary of the First World War.

First World War centenary
The First World War centenary was the four-year period marking the centenary of the First World War, which began in mid-2014 with the centenary of the outbreak of the war, and ended in late 2018 with the centenary of the 1918 armistice.
Eva Paalma
Eva Paalma (born 21 December 1994) is a retired Estonian tennis player.

Paalma, who was born in Tallinn, won two doubles titles on the ITF Circuit in her career. On 20 October 2014, she reached her best doubles ranking of world No. 691.

Playing for the Estonia Fed Cup team, Paalma has a win–loss record of 5–5. According to the reports, Eva Paalma was a representative on the Student-Athlete Advisory Committee.

Estonia Billie Jean King Cup team
The Estonia Billie Jean King Cup team represents Estonia in the Billie Jean King Cup tennis competition and are governed by the Estonian Tennis Association.

Estonia has competed in Fed Cup since 1992.

In 2022, Estonia competes in the Europe/Africa Zone Group I.
2013 Lamu local elections
Local elections were held in Lamu County in Kenya, to elect a Governor and County Assembly on 4 March 2013. Under the new constitution, which was passed in a 2010 referendum, the 2013 general elections were the first in which Governors and members of the County Assemblies for the newly created counties were elected.  They will also be the first general elections run by the Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (IEBC) which has released the official list of candidates.

Counties of Kenya
The counties of Kenya (Swahili: Kaunti za Kenya) are geographical units created by the 2010 Constitution of Kenya as the new units of devolved government. They replaced the previous provincial system. The establishment and executive powers of the counties is provided in Chapter Eleven of the Constitution on devolved government, the Constitution's Fourth Schedule and any other legislation passed by the Senate of Kenya concerning counties. The counties are also single-member constituencies which elect members of the Senate, and special woman members to the National Assembly.

As of 2022, there were 47 counties whose size and boundaries were based on 1992 districts. Following the re-organization of Kenya's national administration, counties were integrated into a new national administration with the national government posting a county commissioner to each county to serve as a collaborative link with national government.
Composition operator
In mathematics, the composition operator  with symbol  is a linear operator defined by the rule

where  denotes function composition. It is also encountered in composition of permutations in permutation groups.

The study of composition operators is covered by AMS category 47B33.

Function composition
In mathematics, the composition operator  takes two functions,  and , and returns a new function .  When the composite function  (pronounced " of ") is evaluated at an input , the result is . That is, the function  is applied after applying  to .

The composition of functions is a special case of the composition of relations, sometimes also denoted by . As a result, all properties of composition of relations are true of composition of functions, such as associativity.
Kiki Tay
Tay Jun Kiat Kiki (Chinese: 郑俊杰, born 14 December 1981) known professionally as Kiki Tay, is a Singaporean magician, comedian, performing arts director and entrepreneur. Tay is currently the ambassador of Science Centre Singapore and the Special Effects Designer for the Singapore National Day Parade 2017.

Science Centre Singapore
Science Centre Singapore, previously known as the Singapore Science Centre, is a science-themed attraction in Jurong East, Singapore, specialising in the promotion of scientific and technological education for the general public. It houses over 850 exhibits over eight exhibition galleries and receives over a million visitors every year. In 2003, it celebrated its silver jubilee.
Jaromír Jermář
Jaromír Jermář (born 2 October 1956, in Prague) is a Czech historian and politician. He served as a Senator in the Senate of the Parliament of the Czech Republic (form 28 October 2006 to 20 October 2018), and was chair of the Senate Committee on Education, Science, Culture, Human Rights and Petitions. He is a member of the Czech Social Democratic Party.

Jermář was a student at Charles University from 1975 to 1980, and earned a doctorate in history in 1983. From 1980, he was employed at the museum in Mladá Boleslav.

Senate of the Czech Republic
The Senate (Czech: Senát Parlamentu České republiky, lit. 'Senate of the Parliament of the Czech Republic') is the upper house of the Parliament of the Czech Republic. The seat of the Senate is Wallenstein Palace in Prague.
1937 Ben-Gurion letter
This page is subject to the extended confirmed restriction related to the Arab-Israeli conflict.

The 1937 Ben-Gurion letter is a letter written by David Ben-Gurion, then head of the executive committee of the Jewish Agency, to his son Amos on 5 October 1937. The letter is well known to scholars as it provides insight into Ben-Gurion's reaction to the report of the Peel Commission released on 7 July of the same year.

The letter has also been subject to significant debate by scholars as a result of scribbled-out text that may or may not provide written evidence of an intention to "expel the Arabs" or "not expel the Arabs" depending on one's interpretation of whether such deletion was intended by Ben-Gurion.

The original handwritten letter is currently held in the IDF Archive.

Nur Masalha
Nur ad-Din Masalha (Arabic: نور الدين مصالحة, romanized: Nūr ad-Dīn Maṣāliḥa, pronounced [nuːr ɪdˈdiːn mɑˈsˤɑːlħɑ]; born 4 January 1957) is a Palestinian writer, historian, and academic. His work focuses on the history, politics, and theology of Palestine, including themes such as the Palestinian Nakba, Zionism, and liberation theology.