hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wintershall Dea
Wintershall Dea GmbH is a German gas and oil producer. The joint venture was created in May 2019 by the merger between Wintershall Holding GmbH and DEA Deutsche Erdoel AG. BASF SE has a 67% stake in it, with the other 33% being held by LetterOne, whose main ultimate owner is the Russian business magnate Mikhail Fridman. As of 2020 it was planning listing on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange.

In 2021, Wintershall Dea was ranked no. 25 out of 120 oil, gas, and mining companies involved in resource extraction north of the Arctic Circle in the Arctic Environmental Responsibility Index (AERI).

Frankfurt Stock Exchange
The Frankfurt Stock Exchange (German: Börse Frankfurt, former German name: Frankfurter Wertpapierbörse, FWB) is the world's 3rd oldest and 12th largest stock exchange by market capitalization. It has operations from 8:00 am to 10:00 pm (German time).
Venkatasubramanian
Venkatasubramanian is an Indian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ganesan Venkatasubramanian, Indian psychiatrist

Nalini Venkatasubramanian, Indian-American professor

Suresh Venkatasubramanian, Indian-American computer scientist

Vaithianathan Venkatasubramanian, Indian-American electrical engineer

Venkat Venkatasubramanian, Indian-American engineer

Nalini Venkatasubramanian
Nalini Venkatasubramanian is a professor of computer science in the Donald Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences at the University of California, Irvine. She is known for her contributions to distributed systems, resource management, multimedia computing, and urban crisis response. Her research focuses on the efficient management and utilization of resources in global information infrastructures, with applications in disaster response, networked systems, and ubiquitous computing.
German occupation of Byelorussia during World War I
The German occupation of Byelorussia was a military occupation of various Belarusian regions by the Imperial German Army during the First World War (1914-1918). As one of the most western lands of the Russian Empire, Belarus was indirectly affected by war since the very outbreak of hostilities at the Eastern Front, while direct German occupation of some Belarusian regions occurred firstly in 1915, during the Great Retreat of the Imperial Russian Army. Occupied regions in Western Belarus were placed under German military administration (Ober Ost). In February 1918, during the Operation Faustschlag, various regions of Eastern Belarus also fell under German occupation, that lasted until the end of 1918, when German forces retreated from all Belarusian regions.

During the occupation, 130,000 Belarusians were killed.

Great Retreat (Russia)
The Great Retreat was a strategic withdrawal and evacuation on the Eastern Front of World War I in 1915. The Imperial Russian Army gave up the salient in Galicia and Congress Poland. The Russian Empire's critically under-equipped military suffered great losses in the Central Powers' July–September summer offensive operations, which led to the Stavka ordering a withdrawal to shorten the front lines and avoid the potential encirclement of large Russian forces in the salient. While the withdrawal itself was relatively well-conducted, it was a severe blow to Russian morale.
Evan S. Tyler
Evan S. Tyler was a politician in the state of North Dakota.

Tyler was born on March 22, 1843, in Damascus, Pennsylvania. Eventually he moved to Owatonna, Minnesota, and later to Fargo, North Dakota. He married Clara Estella Barnes. On August 24, 1923, he died in Fargo and was later buried in Delavan, Wisconsin.

Fargo, North Dakota
Fargo is the most populous city in the U.S. state of North Dakota. The population was 125,990 at the 2020 census and estimated at 136,285 in 2024. Fargo and its twin city of Moorhead, Minnesota, form the core of the Fargo–Moorhead metropolitan area, which had a population of 248,591 in 2020. It is the county seat of Cass County.

Fargo was founded in 1871 on the Red River of the North floodplain. It is a cultural, retail, health care, educational, and industrial center for southeastern North Dakota and northwestern Minnesota. North Dakota State University is in the city.
Yemva
Yemva (Russian: Е́мва; Komi: Емва, Jemva) is a town and the administrative center of Knyazhpogostsky District of the Komi Republic, Russia, located on the Vym River 130 kilometers (81 mi) northeast of Syktyvkar. Population:  14,570 (2010 census); 16,739 (2002 census); 18,782 (1989 Soviet census).

State Council of the Komi Republic
The State Council of the Komi Republic (Russian: Государственный Совет Республики Коми; Komi: Коми Республикаса Каналан Сöвет) is the regional parliament of the Komi Republic, a federal subject of Russia. It consists of 30 deputies who are elected for five-year terms.

Among the powers of the State Council is to adopt the Constitution of the Republic of Komi, adopt and/or complement and to exercise control on the Komi legislative enforcement and execution.

The presiding officer is the Chairman of the State Council of the Komi Republic.
Trabzon (electoral district)
Trabzon is an electoral district of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey. It elects 6 members of parliament (deputies) to represent the province of the same name for a four-year term by the D'Hondt method, a party-list proportional representation system.

Trabzon Province
Trabzon Province (Turkish: Trabzon ili) is a province and metropolitan municipality of Turkey on the Black Sea coast. Its area is 4,628 km2, and its population is 818,023 (2022). Located in a strategically important region, Trabzon is one of the oldest trade port cities in Anatolia.  Neighbouring provinces are Giresun to the west, Gümüşhane to the southwest, Bayburt to the southeast and Rize to the east. Aziz Yıldırım was appointed Governor of the province in August 2023. The capital of the province is Trabzon.
2011–12 Algerian Ligue Professionnelle 1
The 2011–12 Algerian Ligue Professionnelle 1 was the 50th season of the Algerian Ligue Professionnelle 1 since its establishment in 1962. A total of 16 teams contested the league, with ASO Chlef as the defending champions. The league started on 6 September 2011, and ended on 22 May 2012.

While the league was originally scheduled to start on 10 September 2011, the official start date will be 6 September 2011, with a match between JS Kabylie and MC Alger. The tie was moved up due to the two club's participation in African competition.

ASO Chlef
Association Sportive Olympique de Chlef (Arabic: الجمعية الرياضية أولمبي الشلف), known as ASO Chlef or simply ASO for short, is an Algerian professional football club based in Chlef, founded in 1947. The club colours are red and white. Their home stadium, Mohamed Boumezrag Stadium, has a capacity of some 20,000 spectators. The club is currently playing in the Algerian Ligue Professionnelle 1.
Life Sentence (TV series)
Life Sentence (stylized onscreen as L!fe Sentence) is an American comedy-drama television series, created by Erin Cardillo and Richard Keith, which debuted on The CW as a midseason entry during the 2017–18 television season. The series premiered on March 7, 2018, and concluded on June 15, 2018, with a total of 13 episodes.

On May 8, 2018, The CW cancelled Life Sentence after one season.

Gillian Vigman
Gillian Vigman is an American actress, comedian, and screenwriter. She has played Jack Box's Wife in many Jack in the Box commercials, and was a recurring cast member of the sketch comedy series MADtv. Vigman also starred in the ABC comedy Sons & Daughters, and had recurring roles in the sitcoms Suburgatory and New Girl. Since 2020, she has voiced the character of Dr. T'Ana on the animated series Star Trek: Lower Decks.
Bacolod Public Plaza
The Bacolod Public Plaza, officially the Plaza del 6 de Noviembre, named after the day of the Spanish surrender of Negros Island to the Negros revolutionaries, is one of the notable landmarks of Bacolod, the capital of Negros Occidental, Philippines. It is located  in the heart of the downtown area,  near the old city hall and  across from the San Sebastian Cathedral. The plaza is a trapezoidal park with a belt of trees  around the periphery and a gazebo at the center. Scattered within the trees are four circular fountains.

Republic of Negros
The Republic of Negros (Hiligaynon: Republika sang Negros; Cebuano: Republika sa Negros; Spanish: República de Negros) was a short-lived revolutionary entity which had existed on the island of Negros first as a canton of the First Philippine Republic and later as a protectorate of the United States.
Longhai railway
The Longhai railway (Chinese: 陇海铁路; pinyin: Lǒnghǎi Tiělù), formerly romanized as the Lunghai railway, is a major arterial east–west railway in China. It runs from Lianyungang, Jiangsu, on the Yellow Sea, to Lanzhou, Gansu, through the provinces of Jiangsu, Anhui, Henan, Shaanxi, and Gansu, covering a total length of 1,759 kilometres (1,093 mi). The line is named after Gansu, also known as Long (陇) in Chinese, and Lianyungang's previous name, Haizhou. The Longhai Line is one of the busiest Chinese railways. It has dual tracks throughout and electrification was completed in 2009.

Yellow Sea
The Yellow Sea (simplified Chinese: 黄海; traditional Chinese: 黃海; pinyin: Huáng Hǎi; Zhuyin Fuhao: ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄏㄞˇ; Korean: 황해; Hanja: 黃海; RR: Hwanghae), also known as the North Sea, is a marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean located between mainland China and the Korean Peninsula, and can be considered the northwestern part of the East China Sea.
Plane at infinity
In projective geometry, a plane at infinity is the hyperplane at infinity of a three dimensional projective space or to any plane contained in the hyperplane at infinity of any projective space of higher dimension. This article will be concerned solely with the three-dimensional case.

Euclidean plane
In mathematics, a Euclidean plane is a Euclidean space of dimension two, denoted  or . It is a geometric space in which two real numbers are required to determine the position of each point. It is an affine space, which includes in particular the concept of parallel lines. It has also metrical properties induced by a distance, which allows to define circles, and angle measurement.

A Euclidean plane with a chosen Cartesian coordinate system is called a Cartesian plane.
The set  of the ordered pairs of real numbers (the real coordinate plane), equipped with the dot product, is often called the Euclidean plane or standard Euclidean plane, since every Euclidean plane is isomorphic to it.
John Groopman
John D. Groopman is an American cancer researcher.

Groopman completed his bachelor's degree at Elmira College in 1974, then obtained a doctorate in toxicology from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1979. He remained at MIT for postdoctoral research, and subsequently worked for the National Cancer Institute within the Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis. Groopman served as the Anna M. Baetjer Professor and Chair of the Department of Environmental Health Sciences at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, and later the Edyth H. Schoenrich Professorship in Preventive Medicine. In 2010, Groopman received the  Award for Excellence in Cancer Prevention Research jointly awarded by the American Association for Cancer Research and the Prevent Cancer Foundation.

Elmira College
Elmira College is a private college in Elmira, New York, United States. Founded as a college for women in 1855, it is the oldest existing college granting degrees to women that were the equivalent of those given to men. Elmira College became coeducational in all of its programs in 1969. As of 2023, the college has an enrollment of approximately 657 students.

The school's colors, purple and gold, are seen throughout the traditional campus, consisting mainly of buildings of the Victorian and Collegiate Gothic architectural styles. The colors purple and gold come from both the banners of the women's suffrage movement and the iris, the college flower.

The octagonal study in which Mark Twain wrote many of his most widely read novels is located on campus, as well as a research facility for Twain scholars.
Thornwood
Thornwood is the name of several places:

In the United Kingdom

Thornwood, Essex

Thornwood, Glasgow, Scotland

Thornwood Common, Essex

In the United States

Thornwood, New York

Thornwood, Washington

Thornwood, South Elgin, a planned community in Illinois

Thornwood Common
Thornwood Common is a village on the B1393 road, in the civil parish of North Weald Bassett and the Epping Forest district of Essex, England. In 2018 it had an estimated population of 1016.

The town of Epping is 1 mile (1.6 km) to the south. The hamlet of Thornwood is conjoined to the village at the north. Thornwood Common Flood Meadow is a Local Nature Reserve.
Reaching Out (Dave Bailey album)
Reaching Out is an album by jazz drummer Dave Bailey which was originally released on the Jazztime label in 1961. The album was reissued under guitarist Grant Green as Green Blues in 1973 on the Muse label and reissued on CD under the original title on the Black Lion label with 3 alternate takes in 1989.

Black Lion Records
Black Lion Records was a British jazz record company and label based in London, England.

Alan Bates founded Black Lion Records in 1968. The label had two series of releases, one for British jazz musicians and one for international musicians. It released a large amount of reissue material, including items by Art Tatum, Jay McShann, Ben Webster, Earl Hines, Bud Freeman, Bud Powell, Don Byas, Coleman Hawkins, Mal Waldron, and Duke Ellington. It had a subsidiary called Freedom Records, which concentrated on free jazz releases; this wing was bought by Arista Records in 1975.

The label was distributed by Polydor for part of its existence. It became part of D. A. Music in the 1980s, while Bates bought Candid Records in 1989 and shifted the focus of his activities there.
Going Out Like That
"Going Out Like That" is a song recorded by American country music singer Reba McEntire for her twenty-seventh studio album, Love Somebody, which was released on April 14, 2015. It was released on January 6, 2015, as the lead single. "Going Out Like That" is McEntire's first single for Nash Icon as well as her first single since "Somebody's Chelsea" in 2011. The song was written by Rhett Akins, Ben Hayslip and Jason Sellers, and produced by Tony Brown.

Tony Brown (music producer)
Tony Brown (born December 11, 1946) is an American record producer and pianist, known primarily for his work in country music. A former member of the Stamps Quartet and backing musician for Emmylou Harris, Brown has primarily worked as a producer since the late 1980s. He is known primarily for his production work with Reba McEntire, Vince Gill, and George Strait.

Brown was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame in 2025.
Charles Roach (priest)
Christianity portal

Charles Roach (2 June 1908 – 4 May 2003) was Archdeacon of the Seychelles from 1951 until 1955.

Born in Shrewsbury, Shropshire, in 1908, Roach was educated at De Aston Grammar School, Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge and Westcott House, Cambridge. After a curacy at Boston parish church he was a Chaplain in Baghdad. After this, he was the incumbent at Emmanuel, West Dulwich, before his subsequent appointment as Archdeacon and St Saviour, Croydon. His final post was as Chaplain at St Michael's Mount. He died in Marazion, Cornwall, in 2003, aged 94.

Westcott House, Cambridge
Westcott House is an Anglican theological college based on Jesus Lane in the centre of the university city of Cambridge in the United Kingdom. Its main activity is training people for ordained ministry in the Church of England and other Anglican churches. Westcott House is a founding member of the Cambridge Theological Federation. The college is considered by many to be Liberal Catholic in its tradition, but it accepts ordinands from a range of traditions in the Church of England.
Creation and evolution in public education
The status of creation and evolution in public education has been the subject of substantial debate and conflict in legal, political, and religious circles. Globally, there are a wide variety of views on the topic. Most western countries have legislation that mandates only evolutionary biology is to be taught in the appropriate scientific syllabuses.

Social conflict
Social conflict is the struggle for agency or power in society.
Social conflict occurs when two or more people oppose each other in social interaction, and each exerts social power with reciprocity in an effort to achieve incompatible goals but prevent the other from attaining their own. It is a social relationship in which action is intentionally oriented to carry out the actor's own will despite the resistance of others.
Piranoor
Piranoor is a Panchayat Village of Tenkasi Block and Shenkottai Taluk. in Tenkasi district, Tamil Nadu, India, in the foothills of the Western Ghats. Up to 1956, this area was a toll gate between the states of Kerala and Tamil Nadu, so this area is known as Border.

Kollam - Madurai National Highway (NH744) goes via this place. Tirunelveli - Tenkasi - Kollam State Highway (SH39) also goes via this place.

It is located roughly 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) from the Courtallam Waterfall, near the border with Kerala. The Harihara and Kuntaaru rivers flow between Shenkottai and this village.

Courtallam
Courtallam, natively spelt Kutrālam or Kuttālam, is a panchayat town situated at a mean elevation of 160 m (520 ft) in the foothills of the Western Ghats in Tenkasi district of Tamil Nadu, India.  The Coutrallam Falls on the Chittar River is a major tourist attraction.
Minister of Industry, Trade and Supply
The Minister of Industry, Trade and Supply of Jordan is a Cabinet Minister responsible for overseeing internal and external trade.

Alongside this position, the Minister also holds the position of Chairman of the Board of Directors of several government institutions including Jordan Civil Service Consumer Corporation, Jordan Standards and Metrology Organization (JISMO) and the Jordan Enterprise Development Corporation (JEDCO). The current minister is Yousef Shamali.

Yousef Shamali
Yousef Al Shamali is a Jordanian politician. Previously, he had served as Minister of Industry, Trade and Supply from 11 October 2021 until 18 September 2024. He was Minister of Labor since 29 March 2021 in Bisher Al-Khasawneh's Cabinet led by Prime Minister Bisher Al-Khasawneh.
Eulogios Kourilas Lauriotis
Eulogios Kourilas Lauriotis (Greek: Ευλόγιος Κουρίλας Λαυριώτης; Albanian: Evlogji Kurilla) (1880–1961) was a bishop of the Orthodox Autocephalous Church of Albania. He was the Orthodox metropolitan bishop of Korçë in Albania between 1937 and 1939, and a professor of philosophy and author on religious matters. He later became one of the leaders of the Northern Epirus movement, propagating that Greece should annex southern Albania.

Chalkidiki
Chalkidiki (/kælˈkɪdɪki/; Greek: Χαλκιδική, romanized: Chalkidikḗ [xalciðiˈci], alternatively Halkidiki), also known as Chalcidice, is a peninsula and regional unit of Greece, part of the region of Central Macedonia, in the geographic region of Macedonia in Northern Greece. The autonomous Mount Athos region constitutes the easternmost part of the peninsula, but not of the regional unit.

The capital of Chalkidiki is the town of Polygyros, located in the centre of the peninsula, while the largest town is Nea Moudania. Chalkidiki is a popular summer tourist destination.
McBrown
McBrown is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Gertrude P. McBrown (1898–1989), American poet, playwright, actress, educator, and stage director

Nana Ama McBrown (born 1977), Ghanaian actress, TV presenter, and music writer

Gertrude P. McBrown
Gertrude P. McBrown (1898-1989) was an American poet, playwright, educator, actress, and stage director. Although her career lasted well beyond the 1930s, she is sometimes grouped with writers of the Harlem Renaissance.
Business and Computing
A Business and Computing is a dual degree program offered jointly by some computing and business schools. The program generally lasts four-five years instead of seven-eight years to complete separate the two degrees and results in the candidate earning both a Bachelor of Business degree and a Bachelor of Computing degree.  Graduating Business and Computing students may choose to work on computing/technical matter, or enter the business world, or even enjoy the gray area between business and computing fields such as IT security officer, IT consultant, etc. Even though a majority of Business and Computing graduate from a single university, there are people who earn these degrees from different universities.

Bachelor of Computing
A Bachelor of Computing (B.Comp.) is an undergraduate degree in computing.

This degree is offered in a small number of universities, and varies slightly from a Bachelor of Science (B.Sc.) in Computer Science or Information Technology, a Bachelor of Science in Information Technology (B.Sc IT.) or a Bachelor of Computer Science (B.CS.).
Zidky
Zidky (Ukrainian: Зідьки, Russian: Зидьки) is a rural settlement in Chuhuiv Raion of Kharkiv Oblast in Ukraine. It is located on the right bank of the Donets. Zidky belongs to Zmiiv urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 3,669 (2022 estimate).

Chuhuiv Raion
Chuhuiv Raion (Ukrainian: Чугуївський район) is a raion (district) in Kharkiv Oblast, Ukraine. Its administrative center is the city of Chuhuiv. Population: 194,177 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Kharkiv Oblast was reduced to seven, and the area of Chuhuiv Raion was significantly expanded. Three abolished raions, Pechenihy, Vovchansk, and Zmiiv Raions, as well as the city of Chuhuiv, which was previously incorporated as a city of oblast significance and did not belong to the raion, were merged into Chuhuiv Raion. The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 45,362 (2020 est.).
Joaquim Egídio de Sousa Aranha
Joaquim Egydio de Souza Aranha, Marquis of Três Rios (March 19, 1821 – May 19, 1893) was a Brazilian nobleman, landowner, banker, and politician.

A prominent figure of the Liberal Party, he served three terms as a municipal councilor in Campinas. As a financier, he invested heavily in the Companhia Paulista de Estradas de Ferro and participated in the establishment of the Banco Comind. Additionally, he was a benefactor of the Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, and helped found the traditional Colégio Culto à Ciência.

Aranha's manor housed the Polytechnic School of São Paulo for several years, until it was severely damaged in bombardments during the São Paulo Revolt of 1924.

Campinas
Campinas (/kæmˈpiːnəs/ kam-PEE-nəs, Brazilian Portuguese: [kɐ̃ˈpinɐs]; lit. 'Plains, Meadows') is a city in the Brazilian state of São Paulo, located 84 kilometers northwest of the city of São Paulo. As of 2024, the city's population is estimated at 1,185,977, making it the fourteenth most populous Brazilian city and the third most populous in São Paulo state. The city's metropolitan area encompasses twenty municipalities with a total population of 3,491,150 people.