hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Umesh Mishra
Umesh K. Mishra is a professor in the Electrical & Computer Engineering Department at the University of California, Santa Barbara (1990–present). In 2023, he was appointed dean of the UC Santa Barbara College of Engineering.  He is the CTO, co-founder and board member of Transphorm, founded in 2007 and the first company to deliver gallium nitride (GaN) transistor products for high efficiency power conversion technologies.  Prior to Transphorm, he co-founded Nitres Inc. in 1996, which was the first company to develop GaN LEDs and transistors.

IEEE David Sarnoff Award
The IEEE David Sarnoff Award was a Technical Field Award presented in 1959–2016 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). It was awarded annually for exceptional contributions to electronics.

The award was established in 1959 by the RCA Corporation; in 1989 the Sarnoff Corporation became its sponsor. It consisted of a bronze medal, certificate and honorarium, and was presented each year to an individual or small team (up to three people).

The award was discontinued in 2016.
Otto Skorzeny
Otto Johann Anton Skorzeny (12 June 1908 – 5 July 1975) was an Austrian-born German SS-Standartenführer in the Waffen-SS during World War II. During the war, he was involved in a number of operations, including the removal from power of Hungarian Regent Miklós Horthy and the Gran Sasso raid that rescued Benito Mussolini from captivity. Skorzeny led Operation Greif in which German soldiers infiltrated Allied lines wearing their enemies' uniforms. As a result, he was charged in 1947 at the Dachau Military Tribunal with breaching the 1907 Hague Convention, but was acquitted.

Skorzeny escaped from an internment camp in 1948, hiding out on a Bavarian farm as well as in Salzburg and Paris before eventually settling in Spain. In 1953, he served as a military advisor to the Egyptian president Gamal Abdel Nasser. He was allegedly an advisor to Argentinian president Juan Perón. He died of lung cancer on 5 July 1975 in Madrid at the age of 67.

Arrow Cross Party
The Arrow Cross Party was a far-right Hungarian ultranationalist party led by Ferenc Szálasi, which formed a government in Hungary they named the Government of National Unity. They were in power from 15 October 1944 to 28 March 1945. During its short rule, ten to fifteen thousand civilians were murdered, including many Jews and Romani, and 80,000 people were deported from Hungary to concentration camps in Austria. After the war, the Arrow Cross leaders were tried and found guilty as war criminals by Hungarian courts.  In March 1946, Szálasi and three of his key henchmen were hanged.
Tsarychanka Raion
Tsarychanka Raion (Ukrainian: Царичанський район) was a raion (district) of Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, southeastern-central Ukraine. Its administrative center was the urban-type settlement of Tsarychanka. On 18 July 2020, as part of Ukraine's administrative reform, Tsarychanka Raion was abolished. The reform reduced the number of raions in Dnipropetrovsk Oblast to seven, and the area of Tsarychanka Raion was merged into Dnipro Raion. The last estimate of the raion population was 26,079 (2020 est.).

At the time of its disestablishment, the raion comprised four hromadas:

Kytaihorod rural hromada with the administration in the selo of Kytaihorod;

Liashkivka rural hromada with the administration in the selo of Liashkivka;

Mohyliv rural hromada with the administration in the selo of Mohyliv;

Tsarychanka settlement hromada with the administration in Tsarychanka.

Dnipropetrovsk Oblast
Dnipropetrovsk Oblast (Ukrainian: Дніпропетровська область, romanized: Dnipropetrovska oblast), also commonly known as Dnipropetrovshchyna (Ukrainian: Дніпропетровщина), is an oblast (province) in southeastern Ukraine, the most important industrial region of the country. It was created on February 27, 1932. Dnipropetrovsk Oblast has a population of about 3,096,485 (2022 estimate), approximately 80% of whom live centering on administrative centers: Dnipro, Kryvyi Rih, Kamianske, Nikopol and Pavlohrad. The Dnieper River runs through the oblast.
2012–13 EHF Women's Champions League
The 2012–13 EHF Women's Champions League was the 20th edition of the EHF Women's Champions League, the competition for top women's clubs of Europe, organized and supervised by the European Handball Federation. Budućnost Podgorica was title holder, after beating Győri Audi ETO KC in past season's final.

Győri redeemed themselves by winning this season's edition. They defeated Larvik HK 47–43 in the final.

Larvik HK
Larvik Håndballklubb, is a professional women's handball club from Larvik, Norway.

The club has won 36 titles total in both the Norwegian League and the Norwegian Cup, and won the EHF Champions League in 2011.
1970s South Bronx building fires
The 1970s South Bronx building fires, often referred to as simply the Bronx fires, were a series of fires that severely damaged the South Bronx and destroyed more than 80 percent of the buildings in the area. The Bronx fires were the most damaging case of the high rates of fire and arson afflicting cities across America during the 1970s.

Most fires were the result of arson, usually caused by landlords recruiting Bronx residents to start them, but the South Bronx fires were not a singular, coordinated event; rather, the fires were the result of multiple socioeconomic factors and trends spanning several decades. These factors included but were not limited to redlining and housing segregation, the economic crises of the 1970s, newly available property insurance programs, poor fiscal management by the city of New York, budget cuts targeted towards poor communities, the overcrowding of already-neglected areas due to gentrification, and many others.

Property insurance
Property insurance provides protection against most risks to property, such as fire, theft and some weather damage. This includes specialized forms of insurance such as fire insurance, flood insurance, earthquake insurance, home insurance, or boiler insurance. Property is insured in two main ways—open perils and named perils.

Open perils cover all the causes of loss not specifically excluded in the policy. Common exclusions on open peril policies include damage resulting from earthquakes, floods, nuclear incidents, acts of terrorism, and war.  Named perils require the actual cause of loss to be listed in the policy for insurance to be provided. The more common named perils include such damage-causing events as fire, lightning, explosion, cyber-attack, and theft.
HMS Lark (U11)
HMS Lark was a modified Black Swan-class sloop of the Royal Navy. She was laid down by Scotts Shipbuilding and Engineering Company, Greenock on 5 May 1942, launched on 28 August 1943 and commissioned on 10 April 1944, with the pennant number U11.

Pennant number
In the Royal Navy and other navies of Europe and the Commonwealth of Nations, ships are identified by pennant number (an internationalisation of pendant number, which it was called before 1948). Historically, naval ships flew a flag that identified a flotilla or type of vessel. For example, the Royal Navy used a red burgee for torpedo boats and a pennant with an H for torpedo boat destroyers. Adding a number to the type-identifying flag uniquely identified each ship.

In the current system, a letter prefix, called a flag superior, identifies the type of ship, and numerical suffix, called a flag inferior, uniquely identifies an individual ship. Not all pennant numbers have a flag superior.
Statement on Auditing Standards No. 55
Statement on Auditing Standards (SAS) No. 55: Consideration of Internal Control in a Financial Statement Audit, commonly abbreviated as SAS 55, is an auditing statement issued by the Auditing Standards Board of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) in April 1988. It requires the auditor to obtain an understanding of an entity’s internal control sufficient to plan any audit on such entity.  Identifying and evaluating relevant controls is an important step in the user auditor’s overall audit approach.

American Institute of Certified Public Accountants
The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) is the national professional organization of Certified Public Accountants (CPAs) in the United States, with more than 428,000 members in 130 countries. Founded in 1887 as the American Association of Public Accountants (AAPA), the organization sets ethical standards and U.S. auditing standards. It also develops and grades the Uniform CPA Examination. AICPA is headquartered in Durham, North Carolina, and maintains additional offices in New York City, Washington, D.C., and Ewing, New Jersey.
Don't Stop (Jolin Tsai song)
"Don't Stop" is a song recorded by Taiwanese singer Jolin Tsai, featured on her second studio album Don't Stop (2000). The track is a Mandarin adaptation of S Club 7's song "Bring It All Back", originally written by Rachel Stevens, Hannah Spearritt, Bradley McIntosh, Jon Lee, Paul Cattermole, Jo O'Meara, Tina Barrett, Eliot Kennedy, Mike Percy, and Tim Lever. The Chinese lyrics were written by Mao Mao, and the song was produced by Paul Lee. It was released as the album's lead single in April 2000 by Universal.

Hannah Spearritt
Hannah Louise Spearritt (born 1 April 1981) is an English singer and actress. She is an original member of the pop group S Club. Spearritt is known for playing the role of Abby Maitland in the British science-fiction drama Primeval (2007–2011), Mercedes Christie in Casualty (2016) and Kandice Taylor in EastEnders (2017–2018).
Aleksey Pavlenko (skier)
Aleksey Pavlenko (born March 6, 1995, in St. Petersburg) is a Russian freestyle skier, specializing in moguls.

Pavlenko competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics for Russia. He placed 12th in the first qualifying round in the moguls, not advancing. He then finished 6th in the second qualifying round, moving on to the final. In the first run of the final, he placed 16th, failing to advance to the medal round.

Pavlenko made his World Cup debut in December 2012. As of April 2014, his best World Cup finish is 11th, in a moguls event at Inawashiro in 2013–14. His best World Cup overall finish in moguls is 41st, in 2013–14.

Freestyle skiing
Freestyle skiing is a  skiing discipline comprising aerials, moguls, cross, half-pipe, slopestyle and big air as part of the Winter Olympics. It can consist of a skier performing aerial flips and spins and can include skiers sliding rails and boxes on their skis. Known as "hot-dogging" in the early 1970s, it is also commonly referred to as freeskiing, jibbing, and many other names, around the world.
Charambe
Charambe   (Kata ya Charambe , in Swahili)  is an administrative ward  in the Temeke district of the Dar es Salaam Region of Tanzania. North of the ward, Kuburugwa and Mbagala form its borders. Mianzini ward is to the east and south. Ilala MC's Kitunda Ward lies to the west together with Chamazi. According to the 2012 census, the ward has a total population of 101,933.

Ilala District, Dar es Salaam
Ilala District, officially the Ilala Municipal Council (Halimashauri ya Manispaaa ya Ilala, in Swahili) is one of five districts of the Dar es Salaam Region of Tanzania. The district is bordered to the north and northeast by Kinondoni District and Ubungo District, to the east by the Zanzibar Channel, the west by Pwani Region, and to the south by the Temeke District. It covers an area of 364.9 km2 (140.9 sq mi).  The district is comparable in size to the land area of U.S Virgin Islands.  The administrative seat is Mchafukoge. The 2022 National Tanzania Census states the population for Ilala as 1,649,912.
Martin van Maële
Maurice François Alfred Martin van Maële (12 October 1863 – 5 September 1926), better known by his pseudonym Martin van Maële, was a French illustrator of early 20th century literature, particularly erotic literature.

Erotic literature
The term erotic literature refers to fictional or factual stories and accounts of eros (passionate, romantic, or sexual relationships) intended to sexually arouse readers. This may overlap yet also contrast with erotica, which focuses more specifically on sexual feelings. Other common elements are satire and social criticism. Much erotic literature features erotic art to illustrate the text.

Although cultural disapproval of erotic literature has always existed, its circulation was not seen as a major problem before the invention of printing, as the costs of producing individual manuscripts limited distribution to a very small group of wealthy and literate readers. The invention of printing, in the 15th century, brought with it both a greater market and increasing restrictions, including censorship and legal restraints on publication on the grounds of obscenity. Because of this, much of the production of this type of material became clandestine.
Lubomír Masner
Lubomír Masner (born April 18, 1934) is a Czech Canadian entomologist, taxonomist, and systematist. His work focuses on Hymenopteran parasitoids, particularly in the superfamilies Proctotrupoidea, Platygastroidea, and Ceraphronoidea. He is responsible for describing many new species, genera, and families of wasps and has completed revisions for these taxonomic groups throughout his career.

Systematics
Systematics is the study of the diversification of living forms, both past and present, and the relationships among living things through time. Relationships are visualized as evolutionary trees (synonyms: phylogenetic trees, phylogenies).  Phylogenies have two components: branching order (showing group relationships, graphically represented in cladograms) and branch length (showing amount of evolution).  Phylogenetic trees of species and higher taxa are used to study the evolution of traits (e.g., anatomical or molecular characteristics) and the distribution of organisms (biogeography). Systematics, in other words, is used to understand the evolutionary history of life on Earth.

The word systematics is derived from the Latin word of Ancient Greek origin systema, which means systematic arrangement of organisms. Carl Linnaeus used 'Systema Naturae' as the title of his book.
Granite Pass (Wyoming)
Granite Pass (el. 9,033 feet (2,753 m)) is a mountain pass in the Bighorn Mountains in Wyoming traversed by U.S. Route 14, on the border between Big Horn and Sheridan counties.

44°38′24″N 107°30′12″W﻿ / ﻿44.64000°N 107.50333°W﻿ / 44.64000; -107.50333

Sheridan County, Wyoming
Sheridan County is a county in the U.S. state of Wyoming. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 30,921. The county seat is Sheridan. Its northern boundary abuts the Montana state border. Sheridan County comprises the Sheridan, WY Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Heikki Karjalainen
Heikki Karjalainen (20 May 1883 – 27 April 1938) was a Finnish educator and politician, born in Kempele. He was a member of the Parliament of Finland from 1927 to 1929, representing the National Progressive Party. He was the mayor of Oulu from 1931 until his death in 1938. He was a presidential elector in the 1925, 1931 and 1937 presidential elections.

Kempele
Kempele is a municipality 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) south of the city of Oulu and 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) east of the Oulu Airport in Northern Finland. Historically it was in the province of Oulu, but today it is in the region of North Ostrobothnia. The population of Kempele is 19,698 (30 June 2025) and the municipality covers an area of  110.32 square kilometres (42.59 sq mi) (excluding sea), of which 0.21 square kilometres (0.081 sq mi) is inland waters (2018-01-01). The population density is 179 inhabitants per square kilometre (460/sq mi) (30 June 2025). The municipality of Kempele was founded in 1867.

Kempele is the birthplace of former NHL goaltender Pekka Rinne.

The neighbouring municipalities are Liminka, Oulu and Tyrnävä.
1992–93 Balkans Cup
The 1992–93 season of the Balkans Cup club tournament was the 27th season of the competition. It was won by Greek side Edessaikos in the final against Bulgarian Etar Veliko Tarnovo for their first title in the competition.

Edessaikos F.C.
Edessaikos Football Club (Greek: Εδεσσαϊκός) is a Greek football club based in Edessa, Greece currently playing in the Pella FCA Second Division. Edessaikos was founded in 1960 and has won the Gamma Ethniki a record 4 times (1977, 1983, 1987, 1989). Edessaikos also won the Balkans Cup in 1993.
Franz Oppenheim
Franz Oppenheim (born 13 July 1852 in Charlottenburg; died 13 February 1929 in Cairo) was a German chemist and industrialist who led the Agfa company (now Agfa-Gevaert) and later became a co-founder of I.G. Farben. His father was German jurist Otto Georg Oppenheim and his mother was Margarethe Mendelssohn (1823–1890). His sisters were Else (1844–1868) and Enole Oppenheim (1855–1939). He lived with his family in Berlin-Wannsee.

Charlottenburg
Charlottenburg (German: [ʃaʁˈlɔtn̩bʊʁk] ⓘ) is a locality of Berlin within the borough of Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf. Established as a town in 1705 and named after Sophia Charlotte of Hanover, Queen consort of Prussia, it is best known for Charlottenburg Palace – the largest surviving such royal palace in Berlin – and the adjacent museums.

Charlottenburg was an independent city to the west of Berlin until 1920 when it was incorporated into "Groß-Berlin" (Greater Berlin) and transformed into a borough. In the course of Berlin's 2001 administrative reform it was merged with the former borough of Wilmersdorf becoming a part of a new borough called Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf. Later, in 2004, the new borough's districts were rearranged, dividing the former borough of Charlottenburg into the localities of Charlottenburg proper, Westend and Charlottenburg-Nord.
John R. Gordon
John R. Gordon (born 1964) is a British writer. His work – novels, plays, screenplays and biography - deals with the intersections of race, sexuality and class. With Rikki Beadle-Blair he founded and runs queer-of-colour-centric indie press Team Angelica. Although he was a "white person from a white suburb", according to Gordon, in the 1980s he became deeply interested in black cultural figures such as James Baldwin, Malcolm X and Frantz Fanon, and they have influenced his work ever since.

Ferro-Grumley Award
The Ferro-Grumley Award is an annual literary award, presented by Publishing Triangle and the Ferro-Grumley Foundation to a book deemed the year's best work of LGBTQ fiction. The award is presented in memory of writers Robert Ferro and Michael Grumley. It was co-founded in 1988 by Stephen Greco, who continues to direct it as of 2022.

First awarded in 1990, separate awards were presented for gay and lesbian fiction until 2008 when the awards were merged into a single award.

On two occasions, the award has been won by works that were not conventional literary fiction. In 1994, journalist John Berendt won the award for his non-fiction novel Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil, and in 2009, cartoonist Alison Bechdel won the award for her comic strip anthology The Essential Dykes to Watch Out For.
Rivière-du-Loup station
Rivière-du-Loup station is a railway station in Rivière-du-Loup, Quebec, Canada. Rivière-du-Loup is served by Via Rail's Ocean train. Previously, it was also served by the Montreal–Gaspé train. Both trains shared the same rail line between Montreal and Matapédia. Located on Rue Lafontaine, it is staffed and offers limited wheelchair accessibility.

Rivière-du-Loup
Rivière-du-Loup (French pronunciation: [ʁivjɛʁ dy lu]; 2021 population 20,118) is a small city on the south shore of the Saint Lawrence River in Quebec.  The city is the seat for the Rivière-du-Loup Regional County Municipality and the judicial district of Kamouraska. It is one of the largest cities in Bas-Saint-Laurent.
Ted Loden
Colonel Edward Charles Loden MC (9 July 1940 – 7 September 2013) was a British Army officer.

He was commissioned as a Second Lieutenant in April 1960, and joined the Parachute Regiment in July 1961. He was awarded the Military Cross as a captain, serving as the Intelligence Ofiicer in 1 PARA, for his actions during the Aden Emergency in June 1967.

As a Major, while serving in Northern Ireland on Operation Banner, he was a commander during Bloody Sunday on 30 January 1972; he was later exonerated by the Bloody Sunday Inquiry. He went on to hold several other posts in the British Army, including Brigade Major to 44 Para Brigade, Commanding Officer of 4 Para, Defence Attaché in Tel Aviv, and Colonel of Depot Para in Aldershot. He retired from the Army on 30 September 1992.

Loden was shot dead on 7 September 2013 by armed robbers in Nairobi, Kenya, while he was visiting his son, who had also served with the Parachute Regiment.

Brigade major
A brigade major was the chief of staff of a brigade in the British Army. They most commonly held the rank of major, although the appointment was also held by captains, and was head of the brigade's "G - Operations and Intelligence" section directly, and oversaw the two other branches, "A – Administration" and "Q – Quartermaster". Intentionally ranked lower than the lieutenant colonels commanding the brigade's combat battalions, his role was to expand on, detail and execute the intentions of the commanding brigadier.
MK 115 cannon
The MK 115 (German: Maschinenkanone 115—"machine cannon 115") was an autocannon developed in Germany in late World War II by Rheinmetall-Borsig for use in aircraft. It was an unusual development in that although it employed a locked breech, it also used a funnel to allow some of the propellant gases to escape out the rear in order to reduce recoil when firing, essentially being an automatic recoilless rifle. The MK 115 was chambered for a 5.5 cm round (in common with a few other late-war German designs), but used a partially combustible cartridge, leaving only the base of the cartridge to eject. The MK 115 was a gas-operated, belt-fed weapon, and its breechblock used a swinging lock mechanism. It had a rifled barrel with an 8°30′ twist. A single prototype in the late stages of development was captured by the Western allies.

Breechblock
A breechblock (or breech block) is the part of the firearm action that closes the breech of a breech loading weapon (whether small arms or artillery) before or at the moment of firing. It seals the breech and contains the pressure generated by the ignited propellant. Retracting the breechblock allows the chamber to be loaded with a cartridge.

Breechblocks are categorised by the type or design of the mechanism by which it is locked or closed for firing. The firearm action more fully refers to the mechanism by which the operator actuates the opening and closing of the breech.
Belmont Bruins men's soccer
The Belmont Bruins men's soccer team represents Belmont University in NCAA Division I soccer. The Bruins currently play in the Missouri Valley Conference (MVC). From 2018 to 2021 the Bruins played in the Southern Conference (SoCon), and prior to that played in the Horizon League. The Bruins play their home matches at the soccer stadium in the sports complex located at the city of Nashville's E. S. Rose Park. A former Division II All-American and long-time collegiate assistant coach, Bryan Green has been the Bruins' head coach since 2014.

E. S. Rose Park
E. S. Rose Park is a baseball, softball, soccer, and track & field venue in Nashville, Tennessee, United States.  It is home to Nashville Union FC and Belmont Bruins baseball, softball, men's and women's soccer, and men's and women's track & field teams of the NCAA Division I Ohio Valley Conference.  It is located approximately five minutes from Belmont University's main campus.  The city-owned park was renovated extensively in 2010–2011.