hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
David Solomon (TV producer)
David Solomon is an American television director and producer. He is well known for directing Buffy the Vampire Slayer between 1997 and 2003. He also directed one episode of Firefly in 2002, over a season of Las Vegas in 2004 and 2005, one episode of Private Practice in 2007 and the first episode of the 2008 Knight Rider series.

Some of Solomon's other television credits include Dollhouse, The Gates, Nikita, Tru Calling, Chuck, Burn Notice, Once Upon a Time, Fringe and Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.

He also worked as an editor and producer on a number of Perry Mason television films. In 2002, he won the Online Film & Television Association Award for Best Direction in a Drama Series for Buffy the Vampire Slayer. In 2010, the film Dollhouse earned him a nomination for the Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation.

Television director
A television director is in charge of the activities involved in making a television program or section of a program. They are generally responsible for decisions about the editorial content and creative style of a program, and ensuring the producer's vision is delivered. Their duties may include selecting cast members, conduct rehearsals, work with set designers, location scouts and art directors, originating program ideas, finding contributors, writing scripts, planning 'shoots', ensuring safety, leading the crew on location, directing contributors and presenters, and working with editors and music supervisors to assemble and make sure the final product meets the producer and director's vision. The work of a television director can vary widely depending on the nature of the program, the practices of the production company, whether the program content is factual or drama, and whether it is live or recorded.
They Came to Blow Up America
They Came to Blow Up America, also known as School for Sabotage and School for Saboteurs, is a 1943 American war spy film directed by Edward Ludwig and starring George Sanders and Anna Sten. It is based on the World War II Operation Pastorius.

Dennis Hoey
Dennis Hoey  (born Samuel David Hyams, 30 March 1893 – 25 July 1960) was a British film and stage actor, best remembered for playing Inspector Lestrade in six films of Universal's Sherlock Holmes series.
Beth A. Walker
Beth A. Walker is an American academic administrator and marketing scholar currently serving as the Dean of the Colorado State University College of Business since 2015. Before joining Colorado State University, Walker was a faculty member at the W. P. Carey School of Business at Arizona State University, where she also served as the Associate Dean for MBA Programs.

MIT Sloan Management Review
MIT Sloan Management Review (MIT SMR) is a magazine and multiplatform publisher. It features research-based articles on strategic leadership, digital innovation, and sustainable business. It aims to give readers practical, of-the-moment guidance for leading in an ever-shifting world. MIT SMR publishes in print quarterly and online daily. It creates content across various media, including web, app, podcast, live and recorded video, and via distributors and libraries worldwide.

MIT Sloan Management Review has published articles by Nancy Baym, Clayton Christensen, Thomas H. Davenport, Nancy Duarte, Amy Edmondson, Nicolai J. Foss, Vijay Govindarajan, Lynda Gratton, Gary Hamel, Linda Hill, Peter G. Klein, Mary Lacity, Benjamin Laker, Rita Gunther McGrath, Pamela Meyer, C.K. Prahalad, and Thomas J. Roulet.
Bobby Lowe (karateka)
Edward 'Bobby' Lowe (August 23, 1929 – September 14, 2011) was a prominent Chinese American master of Kyokushin karate. He was the first uchi deshi (live-in student) of Masutatsu Oyama, founder of Kyokushin karate, and established the first Kyokushin school outside Japan. Lowe held the title of shihan and was the Senior Instructor and an International Committee Chairman of the International Karate Organization founded by Oyama.

James Mitose
James Masayoshi Mitose (born Masayoshi Mitose, December 30, 1916 – March 26, 1981) was a Japanese American martial artist who brought the art of Kenpo to the United States starting in 1936.

Many Kenpo teachers trace their lineage to him. Mitose was and remains a controversial figure in the history of Kenpo in America. He was convicted of murder and extortion in 1974 and given a life sentence.  He died in prison in 1981 due to complications from diabetes.
Bust/waist/hip measurements
Bust/waist/hip measurements (informally called 'body measurements' or ′vital statistics′) are a common method of specifying clothing sizes. They match the three extrema of the female body shape. In human body measurement, these three sizes are the circumferences of the bust, waist and hips; usually rendered as xx–yy–zz in inches, or centimeters. The three sizes are used mostly in fashion, and almost exclusively in reference to women, who, compared to men, are more likely to have a narrow waist relative to their hips.

Maximum and minimum
In mathematical analysis, the maximum and minimum of a function are, respectively, the greatest and least value taken by the function. Known generically as extrema, they may be defined either within a given range (the local or relative extrema) or on the entire domain (the global or absolute extrema) of a function. Pierre de Fermat was one of the first mathematicians to propose a general technique, adequality, for finding the maxima and minima of functions.

As defined in set theory, the maximum and minimum of a set are the greatest and least elements in the set, respectively. Unbounded infinite sets, such as the set of real numbers, have no minimum or maximum.

In statistics, the corresponding concept is the sample maximum and minimum.
Joshua Dufek
Joshua Dufek (born 13 December 2004) is an Austrian and Swiss racing driver who most recently competed in the 2025 FIA Formula 3 Championship for Hitech TGR.

Dufek previously drove for Van Amersfoort Racing in F4 and FRECA and for CryptoTower in the Euroformula Open, achieving a pair of victories.

Mugello Circuit
Mugello Circuit (in Italian: Autodromo Internazionale del Mugello; in English: Mugello International Autodrome) is a motorsport race track in Scarperia e San Piero, Florence, Tuscany, Italy. The circuit length is 5.245 km (3.259 mi). It has 15 turns and a 1.141 km (0.709 mi) long straight. The circuit stadium stands have a capacity of 50,000.

The Italian motorcycle Grand Prix is held annually at the circuit (for MotoGP and smaller classes). Since 1988, the track has been owned and used by Scuderia Ferrari for Formula One testing.

The circuit hosted its first ever Formula One race on 13 September 2020, named the Tuscan Grand Prix, as part of the season being restructured due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This Grand Prix was the 1000th Grand Prix for Scuderia Ferrari.
John L. Keeley Jr.
John L. Keeley Jr. (May 20, 1940 – June 4, 2015) was an American investment manager and philanthropist. For almost 40 years, he ran Chicago-based Keeley Asset Management, which today is part of Keeley Teton Advisors, which is an affiliate of GAMCO Investors. Keeley and his family donated funds to help create the John L. Keeley Center for Financial Services at the DePaul University in Chicago and the Barbara G. & John L. Keeley, Jr. Center for Emergency Medicine Education at Loyola University Medical Center near Chicago.

GAMCO Investors
GAMCO Investors, Inc., formerly known as Gabelli Asset Management Company, is an American provider of investment advice and brokerage services to mutual funds, institutional and select investors based in Rye, New York. It was founded by and is majority owned by Mario Gabelli, who has cumulatively earned more than $750 million in compensation from the company.
Eleuterio Antón
Eleuterio Antón (born 30 March 1950) is a Spanish long-distance runner. He competed in the marathon at the 1980 Summer Olympics.

He finished 3rd in Amsterdam in 1982 with 2h14:14 and obtained so the Spanish record. He developed his career in helping people with disabilities working for ONCE then for FEDC. Currently he is giving support to FEDDF.

He continues advocating for athletics and adaptive sports at global level.

Athletics at the 1980 Summer Olympics – Men's marathon
The men's marathon at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, USSR had an entry list of 76 competitors, with 74 athletes from 40 nations starting and 53 runners finishing the race held on Friday 1 August 1980. The maximum number of athletes per nation had been set at three since the 1930 Olympic Congress. The event was won by Waldemar Cierpinski of East Germany, the second man to successfully defend Olympic gold in the marathon (after Abebe Bikila in 1960 and 1964). Both the Netherlands (Gerard Nijboer's silver) and the Soviet Union (Satymkul Dzhumanazarov's bronze) won their first men's Olympic marathon medals. The winning margin was 17 seconds.
Sowden
Sowden is an English-language surname. Notable people with this name include:

Arthur Sowden (1878–1954), Australian rules footballer

Billy Sowden (1930–2010), English (soccer) footballer

Des Sowden (born 1974), English professional boxer

George Sowden (born 1942), English designer and product developer in Milan, Italy

John Sowden (1838–1926), English watercolourist and businessman

Paddy Sowden, Peter Tasker Sowden (1929–2010), English (soccer) footballer

Robin Sowden-Taylor (born 1982), Welsh international rugby player

William Henry Sowden (1840–1907), U.S. Representative from Pennsylvania

William John Sowden (1858–1943), South Australian journalist

George Sowden
George James Sowden (born 1942) is a British designer and product developer based in Milan, where he moved in the early 1970s "and never left." He has "designed hundreds of objects, from [...] computers and peripherals to housewares, appliances, furniture and [...] writing instruments".
Metsweding District Municipality
Metsweding District Municipality was, from 2000 until 18 May 2011, a district municipality in Gauteng province, South Africa. Metsweding, and its component local municipalities, was disestablished and absorbed into the Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality on the date of the 2011 municipal election.

The administrative seat of Metsweding was Bronkhorstspruit. The most spoken languages of its 159 861 people were IsiNdebele and Afrikaans (2001 Census).

Southern Ndebele language
0–20%

20–40%

40–60%

60–80%

80–100%

<1 /km²

1–3 /km²

3–10 /km²

10–30 /km²

30–100 /km²

100–300 /km²

300–1000 /km²

1000–3000 /km²

>3000 /km²

isiNdebele (English:  /ɛndəˈbiːliː/), also known as Southern Ndebele is an African language belonging to the Mbo group of Bantu languages, spoken by the Ndebele people of South Africa.

Northern Ndebele or Ndebele also known as  isiNdebele is spoken in Limpopo in areas such as Polokwane (Bhulungwane), Ga-Rathoka (KaSondonga), Ga-Mashashane, Ga Maraba / Kalkspruit, Mokopane (Mghumbane), Zebediela (Sebetiela), which is closer to Southern Ndebele.
Kazimierz Lis
Kazimierz Lis (9 April 1910 – 15 July 1998) was a Polish footballer.

He played in the 1930s and late 1940s for Warta Poznań during the club's golden days - it was one of top teams in Poland (in 1935 it was third overall, in 1938 - second). Lis was a member of the reserve team of Poland in the 1938 FIFA World Cup in France, and ultimately did not make the final roster. Lis also played in Warta after World War II, in 1947 he was member of the team that won the league title.

1938 FIFA World Cup
The 1938 FIFA World Cup was the 3rd edition of the World Cup, the quadrennial international football championship for senior men's national teams. It was held in France from 4 to 19 June 1938. Italy defended its title in the final, beating Hungary 4–2. Italy's 1934 and 1938 teams hold the distinction of being the only men's national team to win the World Cup multiple times under the same coach, Vittorio Pozzo. It would be the last World Cup until 1950 as the 1942 and 1946 World Cups were cancelled due to World War II.
Adam Riess
Adam Guy Riess (born December 16, 1969) is an American astrophysicist and Bloomberg Distinguished Professor at Johns Hopkins University and the Space Telescope Science Institute. He is known for his research in using supernovae as cosmological probes. Riess shared both the 2006 Shaw Prize in Astronomy and the 2011 Nobel Prize in Physics with Saul Perlmutter and Brian Schmidt for providing evidence that the expansion of the universe is accelerating.

Riess has been at the center of a growing scientific debate about the so-called “Hubble tension” — a discrepancy between measurements of the universe’s expansion rate using nearby supernovae, and measurements inferred from the cosmic microwave background radiation using the Standard Model of cosmology. Riess’s data has prompted questions and further testing to determine if the Standard Model still adequately describes the universe.

Robert J. Trumpler Award
The Robert J. Trumpler Award of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific is given annually to a recent recipient of the Ph.D degree whose thesis is judged particularly significant to astronomy. The award is named after Robert Julius Trumpler, a notable Swiss-American astronomer (1886–1956).
Sträck ut din hand (song)
"Sträck ut din hand" ("Stretch Out Your Hand") is a vispop song by Lasse Berghagen, released in 1994 on the band Kelleys' album Dansmix 3. In 1995, Berghagen released it on his album with the same name, and also as single.

According to Berghagen this song tells you that "du är inte ensam på den här planeten, du måste dela med dig och sträcka ut din hand, det är alltid någon som behöver den" ("You aren't alone on this planet, you must share with you and stretch out your hand, there is always someone who needs it").

It is a sing-along song at Allsång på Skansen. It was sung on 26 July 2011, then for people who were murdered at the Norway attacks four days earlier.

Allsång på Skansen
Allsång på Skansen (Sing-along at Skansen) is a Swedish show held at Skansen, Stockholm, every summer on Tuesdays between 8pm and 9pm. The audience is encouraged to sing along with musical guest stars to well-known Swedish and international songs. The show started in 1935 on a small scale; about 50 people in the audience. Today, about 10,000–25,500 people come to each performance.

Since 3 August 1979 the show has been broadcast by Sveriges Television. Initially the show had about 300,000 viewers. When Lasse Berghagen took over as host, the ratings increased to about 2 million viewers. In 2003, Allsång på Skansen was the first SVT programme that was broadcast with 5.1 multichannel sound. In 2007, it became one of the first Swedish live programmes broadcast in high-definition television. Although the show is scheduled to run for 90 minutes, only one hour of it is broadcast on SVT1 but viewers can watch the entire show on SVT Play.
Gulab Singh
Gulab Singh (21 October 1792 – 30 June 1857) was the first Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir and the founder of the Dogra dynasty. Originally a commander of the Sikh Empire, he sided with the British in the First Anglo-Sikh War and briefly became prime minister of the Sikh Empire in 1846. In the same year he signed the Treaty of Amritsar with the British, establishing the state of Jammu and Kashmir under the suzerainty of the British Raj; this treaty formalized the transfer of all lands that were ceded by the Sikhs to the British in the Treaty of Lahore.

Sher Singh
Sher Singh (4 December 1807 – 15 September 1843) was the fourth Maharaja of the Sikh Empire. He was elder of the twins of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, founder of the Sikh Empire and Maharani Mehtab Kaur. His reign began on 18 January 1841 following his assault on Lahore which ended the brief regency of Maharani Chand Kaur. He was assassinated on 15 September 1843 by Ajit Singh Sandhawalia, a relative. His short reign only lasted for two years. An experienced military-man, Sher Singh had the backing of the Sikh Army.
Marilyn Minter
Marilyn Minter (born 1948) is an American visual artist who is perhaps best known for her sensual paintings and photographs done in the photorealism style that blurs the line between commercial and fine art. Minter currently teaches in the MFA department at the School of Visual Arts in New York City.

School of Visual Arts
The School of Visual Arts New York City (SVA NYC) is a private for-profit art school in New York City. It was founded in 1947 and is a member of the Association of Independent Colleges of Art and Design.
Sieidi
Sieidis (Northern Sami: sieidi, Finnish: seita, Swedish: sejte, Russian: сейд) are Sami cultural items, usually a rock with unusual shape. Sieidis are found in nature in certain sacred places, for example at the sea or river beaches or on the mountain. The word sieidi has also been used for holy rocks or wooden figures that have undergone some processing. The victory was a symbol of the divine power ruling over the natural resources that humans needed for their survival. Samis sacrificed parts of their catch at sea to get a successful hunting or fishing in the future.

In southern Sami, the name varies between viero-gierkie (sacrifice stone), viero-moere (sacrificial wood), soul-gierkie (goose-goat) and soul-nut (goose-tree).

Northern Sámi
Northern Sámi (or North Sámi; US: /ˈsɑːmi/ SAH-mee, UK: also /ˈsæmi/ SAM-ee; Northern Sami: davvisámegiella [ˈtavːiːˌsaːmeˌkie̯lːa]; Finnish: pohjoissaame [ˈpohjoi̯sˌsɑːme]; Norwegian: nordsamisk; Swedish: nordsamiska; disapproved exonym Lappish or Lapp) is the most widely spoken of all Sámi languages. The area where Northern Sámi is spoken covers the northern parts of Norway, Sweden and Finland.
Trumbull Career and Technical Center
Trumbull Career and Technical Center is a public vocational high school and adult education center located in Warren, Ohio, United States. The school serves students all public high schools throughout Trumbull County, Ohio.

Warren, Ohio
Warren is a city in Trumbull County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. The population was 39,201 at the 2020 census. Located along the Mahoning River, Warren lies approximately 14 miles (23 km) northwest of Youngstown and 56 miles (90 km) southeast of Cleveland. It was the historical county seat of the Connecticut Western Reserve and is a principal city of the Mahoning Valley metropolitan area in Northeast Ohio.
Kopuaranga railway station
Kopuaranga railway station was a flag station that served the small rural settlement of Kōpuaranga, 12½ km north of Masterton, in the Wairarapa region of New Zealand’s North Island.  It was located on the Wairarapa Line between the stations of Opaki (to the south) and Mauriceville (to the north). From its opening in 1886 it handled both passenger and freight traffic for 97 years until closure in 1983.

Wairarapa
The Wairarapa (/ˌwaɪrəˈræpə/; Māori pronunciation: [ˈwaiɾaɾapa]) is a geographical region of New Zealand located in the south-eastern corner of the North Island, east of metropolitan Wellington and south-west of the Hawke's Bay Region. It is lightly populated, having several rural service towns, with Masterton being the largest. It is named after its largest lake, Lake Wairarapa.

The region is commonly referred to with a definite article, particularly when used after a preposition (e.g., locals will say they live "in the Wairarapa", and travel "to" and "from the Wairarapa").
When I Send You a Picture of Berlin (You'll Know It's Over, "Over There" I'm Coming Home)
When I Send You a Picture of Berlin (You'll Know It's Over, "Over There" I'm Coming Home) is a World War I song written and composed by Frank Fay, Ben Ryan and Dave Dreyer. Written for voice and piano, this song was published in 1918 by Harry Von Tilzer Music Publishing Co., in New York, NY. The cover, illustrated by Pfeiffer Illustrating Co., depicts a soldier with a camera while in the background the cavalry rides through a monument. The song was recorded by Arthur Fields and Peerless Quartet.

The sheet music can be found at the Pritzker Military Museum & Library.

Dave Dreyer
Dave Dreyer (September 22, 1894 in Brooklyn, New York  – March 1, 1967 in New York City) was an American composer and pianist.

He started off as a pianist with vaudeville greats such as Al Jolson, Sophie Tucker, Belle Baker, and Frank Fay. In 1923 he worked for the Irving Berlin Music Company. While there, he worked numerous film scores. He later became the head of the music department of RKO Radio. He left the Music Company in 1947.
Carmelo Scicluna
Carmelo Scicluna (3 August 1800 – 12 July 1888) was a Maltese prelate and count who served as the Titular Archbishop of Rhodes and Bishop of Malta from 1875 to 1888.

Archbishop Scicluna was born in Qormi on 3 August 1800. He was ordained as a priest in 1824, and 51 years later was consecrated as the Bishop of Malta by His Excellency Francesco Converti of the Archbishop of Reggio Calabria. He was also appointed as the Titular Archbishop of Rhodes. In 1880, Scicluna ordered that the traditional procession of Good Friday should be held on a Friday instead of Maundy Thursday.

Scicluna died on 12 July 1888, at the age of 87, after serving as Bishop of Malta for 13 years. His funeral took place in St John's Co-Cathedral in Valletta and he was buried in St. Paul's Cathedral, Mdina. Large crowds gathered in the city to witness the event.

Qormi
Qormi (Maltese: Ħal Qormi, [ħɐl ˈʔɔrmɪ], locally [ħɐl ˈʔʊrmɪ]), also known by its title Città Pinto, is a city in the Southern Region of Malta, southwest of Valletta in the centre of the island. It has a population of 16,324 (as of March 2018), making it Malta's fifth-largest city.

Qormi has two parishes, one dedicated to Saint George and one to Saint Sebastian. It contains two valleys: Wied il-Kbir (The Large Valley) and Wied is-Sewda (Black Valley). Its bordering towns are Marsa, Luqa, Żebbuġ, Siġġiewi, Ħamrun, Birkirkara, Attard, Santa Venera and Balzan.

Elder inhabitants of Qormi speak a broad Qormi Dialect, which is now in decline.
Mackay River
The Mackay River is a 13.4-mile-long (21.6 km) tidal river in Glynn County, Georgia.  It flows between Saint Simons Island to the east and the mainland, including the city of Brunswick, to the west, and connects to Buttermilk Sound at its north end and St. Simons Sound and the Brunswick River at its south end. It runs parallel to and west of the Frederica River. The Mackay River is crossed by the F.J. Torras Causeway traveling between Brunswick and Saint Simons.  It is part of the Intracoastal Waterway.

The river most likely was named after Captain James Mackay, a pioneer citizen.

Tidal river
A tidal river is a river whose flow and level are caused by tides. A section of a larger river affected by the tides is a tidal reach, but it may sometimes be considered a tidal river if it had been given a separate and another title name.

Generally, tidal rivers are short rivers with relatively low discharge rates but high overall discharge, which generally implies a shallow river with a large coastal mouth. In some cases, high tides impound downstream flowing freshwater, reversing the flow and increasing the water level of the lower section of river, forming large estuaries. High tides can be noticed as far as 100 kilometres (62 mi) upstream. Oregon's Coquille River is one such stream for which that effect can be noticed.