hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Connected speech
In linguistics, connected speech or connected discourse is a continuous sequence of sounds forming utterances or conversations in spoken language. Analysis of connected speech shows sound changes affecting linguistic units traditionally described as phrases, words, lexemes, morphemes, syllables, phonemes or phones. The words that are modified by those rules will sound differently in connected speech than in citation form (canonical form or isolation form).

Types of connected speech principles

Coalescence

Lenition

Elision

Assimilation

Simplification

Liaison

Juncture

Phone (phonetics)
In phonetics (a branch of linguistics), a phone is any distinct speech sound. It is any surface-level or unanalyzed sound of a language, the smallest identifiable unit occurring inside a stream of speech. In spoken human language, a phone is thus any vowel or consonant sound (or semivowel sound). In sign languages, a phone is the equivalent of a unit of gesture.
Georgia State Route 369
State Route 369 (SR 369) is a west-to-east state highway in the northern part of the U.S. state of Georgia. It travels from its intersection with SR 20 near the community of Macedonia in eastern Cherokee County, through northern Forsyth County, bisecting the county, to its eastern terminus in the northeastern part of Gainesville in Hall County.

Bisection
In geometry, bisection is the division of something into two equal or congruent parts (having the same shape and size). Usually it involves a bisecting line, also called a bisector. The most often considered types of bisectors are the segment bisector, a line that passes through the midpoint of a given segment, and the angle bisector, a line that passes through the apex of an angle (that divides it into two equal angles).
In three-dimensional space, bisection is usually done by a bisecting plane, also called the bisector.
Karolis Neimantas
Karolis Neimantas (born 12 December 1991) is a Lithuanian politician of the Dawn of Nemunas serving as a member of the Seimas since 2024. In the 2020 parliamentary election, he was a candidate of the Freedom Party.

2020 Lithuanian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Lithuania on 11 and 25 October 2020 to elect the 141 members of the Seimas. 71 were elected in single-member constituencies using the two-round system, and the remaining 70 in a single nationwide constituency using proportional representation. The first round was held on 11 October and the second round on 25 October.

In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the 2020 Lithuanian parliamentary election had the second-lowest turnout in first round elections to the Seimas since the Republic of Lithuania was restored in the early 1990s (the lowest occurred in 2004).
ASC-15
The ASC-15 (Advance System Controller Model 15) was a digital computer developed by International Business Machines (IBM) for use on the Titan II intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM). It was subsequently modified and used on the Titan III and Saturn I Block II launch vehicles.

Its principal function on these rockets was to make navigation calculations using data from inertial sensor systems. It also performed readiness checks before launch. It was a digital serial processor using fixed-point data with 27-bit words. The storage was a drum memory. Electronic circuits were soldered encapsulated modules, consisting of discrete resistors, transistors, capacitors, and other components soldered together and encapsulated in a foam material. It was manufactured in the IBM plant at Owego, NY.

Owego, New York
Owego is a town in Tioga County, New York, United States. The population was 18,728 at the 2020 census. The name is derived from the Iroquois word Ahwaga, meaning "where the valley widens".

Owego is in the southeastern corner of the county, west of Binghamton. The village of Owego is in the western part of the town.
Ella Adayevskaya
Ella von Schultz-Adaïewsky; (Ella Georgiyevna Adayevskaya) Russian: Элла (Елизавета) Георгиевна Адаевская; 22 February 1846 [O.S. 10 February] – 26 July 1926) was a Russian-German composer, pianist, and ethnomusicologist. Note: "Adayevskaya" is an incorrect appellation. Adaïewsky purposely selected a Russian male pseudonym to hide her identity as a female Protestant composer of German descent in Imperial Russia. She explained that she derived the first letters of her artist name (A-D-A) from the opening motif of the overture to Mikhail Glinka's opera Ruslan and Lyudmila.

Adaïewsky wrote vocal music (including choral works), chamber music, and two operas. She also edited a collection of Italian songs and published writings on folk music and the music of ancient Greece.

Ethnomusicology
Ethnomusicology is the multidisciplinary study of music in its cultural context. The discipline investigates social, cognitive, biological, comparative, and other dimensions. Ethnomusicologists study music as a reflection of culture and investigate the act of music-making through various immersive, observational, and analytical approaches. This discipline emerged from comparative musicology, initially focusing on non-Western music, but later expanded to embrace the study of all different music.

The practice of ethnomusicology relies on direct engagement and performance, as well as academic work. Fieldwork takes place among those who make the music, engaging local languages and culture as well as music. Ethnomusicologists can become participant observers, learning to perform the music they are studying. Fieldworkers also collect recordings and contextual data.
Aname ellenae
Aname ellenae is a species of mygalomorph spider in the Anamidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 2012 by Frances Harvey, Volker Framenau, Janine Wojcieszkek, Michael Rix and Mark Harvey. The specific epithet ellenae honours Ellen Harvey, the sister of the senior author.

Anamidae
Anamidae is a family of Australian mygalomorph spiders. It was first described as a tribe by Simon in 1889, then raised to the subfamily Anaminae of the family Nemesiidae, before being raised to a family level by Opatova et al. in 2020.
Cleive Adams
Cleive Adams (born c. 1968) is an American athletic director and former college football coach. He is the athletic director for Ferrum College; a position he has held since 2023. He was the head football coach for Averett University from 2014 to 2019 and Ferrum College from 2020 to 2023. He also coached for Washington and Lee. He played college football for Ferrum and was inducted into the Ferrum Hall of Fame in 2019.

Averett University
Averett University is a private university in Danville, Virginia, United States. Founded in 1859 as a women's college, Averett became a four-year, coeducational institution in 1969. In 2011, the university restored its Baptist affiliation, renewing a relationship that had existed from Averett's founding until 2005.
Coréon Dú
José Eduardo Paulino dos Santos (born September 28, 1984), also known by his stage name Coréon Dú, is an Angolan recording artist, creative director, designer, screenwriter, producer, entrepreneur, and activist. He is known for his distinct Angolan musical style, fashion choices and his contributions to projects inspired by Angolan Pop culture in music, dance, fashion, TV and films.

Among his works are projects such as the writing and production of Seoul International Drama Award-winning and International Emmy-nominated series Jikulumessu, the International Emmy-nominated telenovela, Windeck, the I Love Kuduro documentary, as well as his current work popularizing Angolan-inspired projects through his independent entertainment company Da Banda.

International Emmy Award for Best Telenovela
The International Emmy Award for Best Telenovela is presented by the International Academy of Television Arts & Sciences (IATAS) and recognizes excellence in telenovelas produced and originally aired outside the United States. The first International Emmy for Telenovela was presented at the 36th International Emmy Awards Gala in 2008, in New York City.
Minimum wage law
Minimum wage law is the body of law which prohibits employers from hiring employees or workers for less than a given hourly, daily or monthly minimum wage. More than 90% of all countries have some kind of minimum wage legislation.

Pakistani rupee
The Pakistani rupee (Urdu: روپیہ; ISO code: PKR; symbol: 𞱱; abbreviation: Re (singular) and Rs (plural)) is the official currency of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. It is divided into one hundred paise (Urdu: پیسہ); however, paisa-denominated coins have not been legal tender since 2013. The issuance of the currency is controlled by the State Bank of Pakistan. It was officially adopted by the Government of Pakistan in 1949. Earlier the coins and notes were issued and controlled by the Reserve Bank of India until 1949, when it was handed over to the Government and State Bank of Pakistan, by the Government and Reserve Bank of India.

In Pakistani English, large values of rupees are counted in thousands; lac (hundred thousands); crore (ten-millions); arab (billion); kharab (hundred billion). Numbers are still grouped in thousands.
Sterling Van Wagenen
Sterling Gray Van Wagenen (born July 2, 1947) is an American film and stage producer, writer, director, and convicted sex offender. He is a co-founder of the Sundance Film Festival, and, in association with his former cousin-in-law Robert Redford, he was the founding executive director of the Sundance Institute.

In 2019, Van Wagenen was convicted of child sexual abuse and sentenced to six years to life in prison.

Organizational founder
An organizational founder is a person who has undertaken some or all of the formational work needed to create a new organization, whether it is a business, a charitable organization, a governing body, a school, a group of entertainers, or any other type of organization. If there are multiple founders, each can be referred to as a co-founder. If the organization is a business, the founder is usually referred as an entrepreneur. If an organization is created to carry out charitable work, the founder is generally considered a philanthropist.
Hochdahl station
Hochdahl station is a through station in the district of Hochdahl of the town of Erkrath in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. It has two platform tracks and it is classified by Deutsche Bahn as a category 5 station.

German railway station categories
The approximately 5,400 railway stations in Germany that are owned and operated by the Deutsche Bahn subsidiary DB InfraGO are divided into seven categories, denoting the service level available at the station.

This categorisation influences the amount of money railway companies need to pay to DB Station&Service for using the facilities at the stations.
Miliki
Emilio Alberto Aragón Bermúdez (Spanish pronunciation: [eˈmiljo alˈβeɾto aɾaˈɣom beɾˈmuðeθ]; 4 November 1929 – 18 November 2012), better known as Miliki (pronounced [miˈliki]), was a Spanish clown, accordionist and singer, he was a member of the artist family Aragón. He was declared Son of the City of Carmona and received the Silver Medal of that town.

He was born in Carmona (Seville), Spain, the son of the clown Emilio Aragón Foureaux, known as Emig, and nephew of Pompoff and Thedy. At a very early age he joined his brothers Gabriel (Gaby) and Alfonso (Fofó) to form the trio Gaby, Fofó and Miliki. They began working during the 1930s and held several seasons at the Circo Price in Madrid.

His mother was the horseback acrobat dancer Rocío Bermúdez (born in Carmona) and also had a younger sister, Rocío, a flamenco dancer. He was the father of the famous actor, comedian, musician, filmmaker, composer, clown and entrepreneur audiovisual Emilio Aragón Álvarez, also known as Milikito.

Carmona, Spain
Carmona is a town of southwestern Spain, in the province of Seville; it lies 33 km north-east  of Seville.

Carmona is built on a ridge overlooking the central plain of Andalusia; to the north is the Sierra Morena, with the peak of San Cristobal to the south. The city is known for its thriving trade in wine, olive oil, grain and cattle, and holds an annual fair in April.

It is ascribed both to the comarca of Campiña de Carmona and the comarca of Los Alcores.
Profenamine
Profenamine (INN; also known as ethopropazine (BAN); sold under the trade name Parsidol and others) is a phenothiazine derivative used as an antiparkinsonian agent that has anticholinergic, antihistamine, and antiadrenergic actions. It is also used in the alleviation of the extrapyramidal syndrome induced by drugs such as other phenothiazine compounds, but, like other compounds with antimuscarinic properties, is of no value against tardive dyskinesia.

Adrenergic antagonist
An adrenergic antagonist is a drug that inhibits the function of adrenergic receptors. There are five adrenergic receptors, which are divided into two groups. The first group of receptors are the beta (β) adrenergic receptors. There are β1, β2, and β3 receptors. The second group contains the alpha (α) adrenoreceptors. There are only α1 and α2 receptors. Adrenergic receptors are located near the heart, kidneys, lungs, and gastrointestinal tract. There are also α-adreno receptors that are located on vascular smooth muscle.

Antagonists reduce or block the signals of agonists. They can be drugs, which are added to the body for therapeutic reasons, or endogenous ligands. The α-adrenergic antagonists have different effects from the β-adrenergic antagonists.
Jeremy Thurlow
Jeremy Thurlow is an English composer, known for his chamber music, orchestral scores, vocal music setting English and French poetry as well as experimental texts, and music for dance and stage and is performed across the UK and in France, Spain, Italy, Germany, Sweden, Romania, Japan, Korea and the USA.  His music has been performed by BBC Philharmonic Orchestra, The Scottish Chamber Orchestra, Matthew Schellhorn, the Fitzwilliam String Quartet, the Aronowitz Ensemble, the Kreutzer Quartet, Rolf Hind, The Schubert Ensemble, Sequitur, the Alinea Quartett, Endymion, the Ligeti Quartet, Alec Frank-Gemmill, The Hermes Experiment, Krysia Osostowicz, The Echea Quartet, The Norrbottens Kammarorkester, Peter Sheppard Skaerved, Symphonova, the Choir of St John's College, Cambridge, Trinity College Choir, the Dr K Sextet and the BBC Singers.

He is a Fellow of Robinson College, University of Cambridge, where he teaches and lectures in music and composition.

BBC Singers
The BBC Singers is a professional British chamber choir, employed by the BBC. Its origins can be traced to 1924. One of the six BBC Performing Groups, the BBC Singers are based at the BBC Maida Vale Studios in London. The only full-time professional British choir, the BBC Singers feature in live concerts, radio transmissions, recordings and education workshops. The choir often performs alongside other BBC Performing Groups, such as the BBC Symphony Orchestra, and is a regular guest at the BBC Proms. Broadcasts are made from locations around the country: London venues have included St Giles-without-Cripplegate, St John's, Smith Square and St Paul's Church, Knightsbridge.

The BBC Singers perform with leading international orchestras and conductors. The choir has appeared by invitation at national events such as the funeral of Diana, Princess of Wales in Westminster Abbey. Former members of the group include Sir Peter Pears, Sarah Connolly, Judith Bingham and Harry Christophers.
Melhania milleri
Melhania milleri is listed in the 2004 IUCN Red List as a species of flowering plant in the family Malvaceae, endemic to Socotra, with its natural habitats being subtropical or tropical dry forests and subtropical or tropical dry shrubland. As of March 2023, the species was not listed by the International Plant Names Index, nor by other taxonomic databases such as Plants of the World Online.

Malvaceae
Malvaceae (/mælˈveɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/), or the mallows, is a family of flowering plants estimated to contain 244 genera with 4225 known species. Well-known members of economic importance include cacao, cola, cotton, okra, roselle and durian. There are also some genera containing familiar ornamentals, such as Alcea (hollyhock), Malva (mallow), and Tilia (lime or linden tree). The genera with the largest numbers of species include Hibiscus (434 species), Pavonia (291 species), Sida (275 species), Ayenia (216 species), Dombeya (197 species), and Sterculia (181 species).
Moreover Technologies
Moreover Technologies (generally known as "Moreover") is a provider of business intelligence, media monitoring and news aggregation products for enterprises, also offering free news feeds for consumers. Moreover was founded in 1998 by Nick Denton, David Galbraith, and Angus Bankes.

In October 2014, Moreover was acquired by LexisNexis.

Media monitoring
Media monitoring is the process of tracking and analysing various forms of media, including print, online, broadcast, and selected social media, to gather mentions and insights on specific topics, companies, individuals, or industries. This process helps organisations stay informed about how they are being perceived, enabling them to respond to news, trends, and public opinion.

It can be conducted in a systematic way by comparing the content presented in the media with external sources, in an attempt of fact-checking, or in a less formal and time demanding manner by independent groups and media critics that aim to check the quality of what is available on the media, especially related to press freedom and focusing on the concept of responsibilizing the media organizations. In general, media monitoring focuses on developing insights, in various fields, of what is actually occurring while finding the balance to not overanalyze certain factors.
Higher Swineshaw Reservoir
Higher Swineshaw Reservoir is the highest reservoir in a series of four in the Brushes Valley above Stalybridge in Greater Manchester. It was built in the 19th century by the corporations of Ashton-under-Lyne and Stalybridge to provide a supply of safe drinking water, one of four reservoirs authorised by the Ashton-under-Lyne and Stalybridge (Corporations) Waterworks Act 1864 (27 & 28 Vict. c. xlvii). Though the reservoir and its watershed are totally in Greater Manchester it is within a mile of the Derbyshire border. It is owned and operated by United Utilities.

The reservoir dam consists of a clay core within an earth embankment. The Peak District Boundary Walk runs across the dam on the south side of the reservoir.

United Utilities
United Utilities Group plc (UU) is the United Kingdom's largest listed water company. It was founded in 1995 as a result of the merger of North West Water and NORWEB. The group manages the regulated water and waste water network in North West England, which includes Cumbria, Greater Manchester, Lancashire, Merseyside, most of Cheshire and a small area of Derbyshire, which have a combined population of more than seven million.

The United Utilities Group was the electricity distribution network operator for the North West until 2010, when its electricity subsidiary was sold to Electricity North West. United Utilities' headquarters are in Warrington, England, and the company has more than 5,000 direct employees. Its shares are listed on the London Stock Exchange and it is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index.

North West England is the wettest region in England, and water hardness across the region is soft to very soft.
Nicholas II de Soules
Nicholas de Soules (d. c.1296), Lord of Liddesdale and Butler of Scotland, was a 13th-century Scottish Border noble.

Nicholas was the son of William de Soules and Ermengarde, daughter of Alan Durward and Marjorie of Scotland, and elder brother of John de Soules, Guardian of Scotland. He succeeded to his father's estates and titles upon the death of his father.

Upon the death of the Margaret, Maid of Norway in 1290, Nicholas became one of the competitors for the Crown of Scotland, deriving his claim from his grandmother Marjorie, an illegitimate daughter of King Alexander II of Scotland.

He performed homage on 27 July 1296 to King Edward I of England at Elgin and on 28 August at Berwick-upon-Tweed.

Guardian of Scotland
The Guardians of Scotland were regents who governed the Kingdom of Scotland from 1286 until 1292 and from 1296 until 1306. During the many years of minority in Scotland's subsequent history, there were many guardians of Scotland as part of the “community of the realm” and the post was a significant constitutional feature in the course of development for politics in the country.
FIBA U15 Oceania Cup
The FIBA U15 Oceania Cup, formerly known as the FIBA Oceania Under-15 Championship, is an international boys' basketball tournament in the FIBA Oceania zone, inaugurated in 2009. The current champions are Australia.

Before 2017, the competition was known as the FIBA Oceania Under-16 Championship, which was a qualifier for the FIBA Under-17 World Cup. Now it's an under-15 competition for Oceania teams to qualify for the FIBA Under-16 Asia Cup (from which they can qualify for the World Cup).

FIBA Under-16 Asia Cup
The FIBA U16 Asia Cup, formerly known as the FIBA U16 Asian Championship, is a biennial international men's under-16 basketball competition organized by FIBA Asia.

The event also serves as a qualification tournament for the FIBA Under-17 Basketball World Cup, where the top four finishers automatically qualify.
Risako Kinjo
Risako Kinjo (née Kawai) (金城 梨沙子, Kinjo Risako; born 21 November 1994) is a Japanese wrestler. She is a two-time gold medalist at the Olympic Games, a three-time gold medalist at the World Wrestling Championships and a four-time gold medalist at the Asian Wrestling Championships.

She finished second at the 2015 World Wrestling Championships in Las Vegas and represented her country at the 2016 Summer Olympics, winning a gold medal by defeating Maria Mamashuk of Belarus 3-0.

She celebrated her Olympic gold medal victory by delivering two fireman's carry takedowns to her coach (Kazuhito Sakae).

Kawai's Olympic gold medal was one of four won by Japan's women's wrestling team at the 2016 Rio games.

In 2021, Kawai won the gold medal in the 57 kg wrestling division at the Tokyo Olympics.  Her younger sister Yukako had won gold in the 62 kg division the previous day.

2015 World Wrestling Championships
The 2015 UWW World Wrestling Championships were the 12th edition of World Wrestling Championships of combined events and was held from September 7 to 12 at Orleans Arena in Paradise, Nevada, in the Las Vegas Valley, United States.
Mia Malkova
Mia Malkova (born July 1, 1992) is an American pornographic film actress and livestreamer. She has won several awards, including the 2014 AVN Award for the Best New Starlet and the 2017 XBIZ Award for the Best Actress. Malkova has also acted in an Indian pornographic short monologue documentary and an Indian erotic thriller film, both directed by Ram Gopal Varma. In 2022, she began video game livestreaming on Twitch. Malkova has been described as one of the most popular pornographic film actresses in the world.

Monologue
In theatre, a monologue (also spelled monolog in American English) (in Greek: μονόλογος, from μόνος mónos, "alone, solitary" and λόγος lógos, "speech") is a speech presented by a single character, most often to express their thoughts aloud, though sometimes also to directly address another character or the audience. Monologues are common across the range of dramatic media (plays, films, etc.), as well as in non-dramatic media such as poetry. Monologues share much in common with several other literary devices including soliloquies, apostrophes, and asides. There are, however, distinctions between each of these devices.