hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Photothermal therapy
Photothermal therapy (PTT) refers to efforts to use electromagnetic radiation (most often in infrared wavelengths) for the treatment of various medical conditions, including cancer. This neurotherapy is an extension of photodynamic therapy, in which a photosensitizer is excited with specific band light. This activation brings the sensitizer to an excited state where it then releases vibrational energy (heat), which is what kills the targeted cells.

Unlike photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy does not require oxygen to interact with the target cells or tissues. Current studies also show that photothermal therapy is able to use longer wavelength light, which is less energetic and therefore less harmful to other cells and tissues.

Heat
In thermodynamics, heat is defined as the form of energy crossing the boundary of a thermodynamic system by virtue of a temperature difference across the boundary. A thermodynamic system does not contain heat. Nevertheless, the term is also often used to refer to the thermal energy contained in a system as a component of its internal energy and that is reflected in the temperature of the system.

Calorimetry is measurement of heat by its effect on the states of interacting bodies, for example, by the amount of ice melted or by change in temperature of a body.

In the International System of Units (SI), the unit of measurement for heat is the joule (J).
Striped kingfisher
The striped kingfisher (Halcyon chelicuti) is a species of bird in the tree kingfisher subfamily. It was first described by Edward, Lord Stanley, in Salt's Voyage to Abyssinia in 1814 as "Chelicut kingfisher" Alaudo Chelicuti.

The genus name Halcyon comes from a bird in Greek legend generally associated with the kingfisher. There was an ancient belief that the halcyon nested on the sea, which it calmed in order to lay its eggs on a floating nest. The species' name chelicuti derives from Chelicut in Ethiopia, the location at which Stanley's type specimen was obtained.

This is a highly territorial bird which will chase off not only others of the same species, but also shrikes, doves and rollers. The territory may be up to three hectares (7.4 acres) in size, and hold 100 tall trees. It is surveyed from a treetop by its owner, who sings from before dawn intermittently until after midday.

Shrike
Shrikes (/ʃraɪk/) are passerine birds of the family Laniidae. The family is composed of 34 species in two genera.

The family name, and that of the larger genus, Lanius, is derived from the Latin word for "butcher", and some shrikes are also known as butcherbirds because of the habit, particularly of males, of impaling prey onto plant spines within their territories. These larders have multiple functions, attracting females and serving as food stores.

The common English name shrike is from Old English scrīc, alluding to the shrike's shriek-like call.
Greenhill Road
Greenhill Road is a major road in Adelaide, South Australia, that provides a connection to the eastern and hills suburbs. Its western section, running along the south side of Adelaide Parklands, forms part of Adelaide's City Ring Route.

Adelaide Hills
The Adelaide Hills region is located in the southern Mount Lofty Ranges east of the city of Adelaide in the state of South Australia. The largest town in the area, Mount Barker, is one of Australia's fastest-growing towns. Before British colonisation of South Australia, the area was inhabited by the Peramangk people.

The Adelaide Hills wine region comprises areas of the Adelaide Hills above 300 m (980 ft).
Rain activated art
Rain activated art is a kind of street art, called "rainworks" by the creator, Seattle artist Peregrine Church. It utilizes a superhydrophobic coating on a sidewalk which is invisible when dry, but when it rains, reveal a pattern created by the artist. As of March 2015, there are approximately 25 installations in Seattle, supported by a grant from Awesome Foundation, and several more commissioned pieces at and around the Hands On Children's Museum in Olympia, Washington. Church started creating the works in Seattle in May, 2014.

Hands On Children's Museum
Hands On Children's Museum is a children's museum in Olympia, Washington, USA.  It was founded in 1987 and received over 150,000 visitors a year at its old location near the Washington State Capitol. After moving to its new, permanent home on Olympia's East Bay, at 414 Jefferson Street on Olympia's East Bay, visitorship grew to over 300,000 in its first year (Nov 2012-Nov 2013).
Tengku Fahad Mua'adzam Shah
Tengku Fahad Mua'adzam Shah ibni Almarhum Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah Al-Musta'in Billah (born 10 February 1994) is a member of the Pahang royal family who is the Tengku Arif Temenggong. He is the eighth and youngest child of the late Sultan of Pahang, Sultan Ahmad Shah Al-Musta'in Billah, and his only child with his second wife, the former Sultanah of Pahang, Che Puan Besar Kalsom Abdullah. Additionally, he is the President of Pahang Rangers F.C., founder of the Sultan Ahmad Shah Environment Trust, the chairman of TAT Alliance Services, and co-founder of SASET Foundation.

Media coverage of Tengku Fahad started at the proclamation of Al-Sultan Abdullah as the 6th Sultan of modern Pahang at the Abu Bakar Palace in January 2019. On 3 November 2019, he presided over the United Bentong Brilliant Network Association's Youth Carnival, which was organized by Dato' Jasvir Singh. He is usually present during charitable events.

Sultana (title)
Sultana or sultanah (/sʌlˈtɑːnə/; Arabic: سلطانة sulṭāna) is a female royal title, and the feminine form of the word sultan. This term has been officially used for female monarchs in some Islamic states, and historically it was also used for a sultan's consort.
Town Pier, Gravesend
The Gravesend Town Pier is located in Gravesend, Kent. It was designed by William Tierney Clark and built in 1834 on the site of the earlier Town Quay. Over 3 million passengers were served between 1835 and 1842, but around 1900, this pier fell into disuse due to the arrival of the railways.

In 2000, this site was restored by the Gravesham Borough Council, partly funded by the organisations English Heritage, English Partnerships, Heritage Lottery Fund, Kent County Council, and Manifold Trust. In 2002, this renovation project was finished. They had also added a restaurant and a bar to the pier. When reopened, the Gravesend Town Pier was initially successful, but it later became a fiscal failure.

Gravesend town pier is the oldest surviving cast iron pier in the world and is a Grade II* listed building.

English Partnerships
English Partnerships (EP) was the national regeneration agency for England, performing a similar role on a national level to that fulfilled by regional development agencies on a regional level.  On 1 December 2008 its powers passed to a successor body, the new Homes and Communities Agency.

It was responsible for land acquisition and assembly and major development projects, alone or in joint partnership with private sector developers.  It was particularly active in major regeneration areas such as the Thames Gateway and in expansion areas such as Milton Keynes, where the Deputy Prime Minister (acting as Environment Minister) removed planning from local control and appointed them as the statutory planning authority.

It was a non-departmental public body funded through the Department for Communities and Local Government (CLG), and was previously by the Office of the Deputy Prime Minister (the predecessor department to CLG).
Joe Giles-Harris
Joe Giles-Harris (born April 1, 1997) is an American professional football linebacker for the Cincinnati Bengals of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Duke Blue Devils. His brother JT plays for the Denver Outlaws of the Premier Lacrosse League.

Denver Outlaws
The Denver Outlaws are a professional field lacrosse team based in Denver, Colorado, that competes in the Premier Lacrosse League (PLL). Founded as the Chrome Lacrosse Club, they began play as one of the league's six inaugural teams in the 2019 season alongside Archers, Atlas, Chaos, Redwoods, and Whipsnakes. The team competes as a member of the league's Western Conference.

Following the assignment of home markets for the 2024 season on November 14, 2023, they were rebranded with the identity of the former Denver Outlaws of Major League Lacrosse. The Denver Outlaws notched their first PLL win defeating the defending champion Utah Archers 18–17 in overtime on June 7, 2024, in Charlotte, North Carolina.
2MCE
2MCE FM Bathurst is a local community radio station, located on the campus of Charles Sturt University in Bathurst, New South Wales, Australia. It broadcasts to the communities of Bathurst and Orange and their surrounds.

2MCE FM is supported by CSU's School of Information and Communication Studies in conjunction with the local community, and operates two frequencies:

92.3 MHz in the Bathurst area, broadcasting from a transmitter atop Mount Panorama, with a power output of 1,000 watts.

94.7 MHz in the Orange area, broadcasting from a transmitter atop Mount Canobolas, with a power output of 500 watts.

10 News
10 News is the national news and current affairs division of Network 10. Its flagship program airs at 5:00 pm on weekday evenings, with editions produced from studios in Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Adelaide and Perth. National bulletins are presented from the network's main studios in Pyrmont, Sydney.

The news division also draws upon the resources of CBS News, and among non-Paramount Skydance sources, ITN (which produces 5 News UK, which is owned by Paramount), APTN and Reuters for select international coverage.
Hamersen
Hamersen is a municipality in the district of Rotenburg, in Lower Saxony, Germany.

Hamersen belonged to the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen, established in 1180. In 1648 the Prince-Archbishopric was transformed into the Duchy of Bremen, which was first ruled in personal union by the Swedish Crown - interrupted by a Danish occupation (1712-1715) - and from 1715 on by the Hanoverian Crown. In 1807 the ephemeral Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the Duchy, before France annexed it in 1810. In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Hamersen, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.

Bremen-Verden
Bremen-Verden, formally the Duchies of Bremen and Verden (German pronunciation: [ˈfɛɐ̯dən]; German: Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden), were two territories and immediate fiefs of the Holy Roman Empire, which emerged and gained imperial immediacy in 1180. By their original constitution they were prince-bishoprics of the Archdiocese of Bremen and Bishopric of Verden.

In 1648, both prince-bishoprics were secularised, meaning that they were transformed into hereditary monarchies by constitution, and from then on both the Duchy of Bremen and the Duchy of Verden were always ruled in personal union, initially by the royal houses of Sweden, the House of Vasa and the House of Palatinate-Zweibrücken, and later by the House of Hanover.

With the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806, Bremen-Verden's status as fiefs of imperial immediacy became void; as they had been in personal union with the neighbouring Kingdom of Hanover, they were incorporated into that state.
2022 Johan Cruyff Shield
The 2022 Johan Cruyff Shield was the 26th edition of the Johan Cruyff Shield (Dutch: Johan Cruijff Schaal), an annual Dutch football match played between the winners of the previous season's Eredivisie and KNVB Cup.

The match was contested by Ajax, winner of the Eredivisie, and PSV Eindhoven, winner of the KNVB Cup.

The defending champions were PSV, who won the 2021 Johan Cruyff Shield.

KNVB Cup
The KNVB Beker (pronounced [ˌkaːʔɛɱveːˈbeː ˈbeːkər]; English: KNVB Cup), branded as the Eurojackpot KNVB Beker for sponsorship reasons, is a competition in the Netherlands organised by the Royal Dutch Football Association (KNVB) since 1898. It was based on the format of the English FA Cup. Outside the Netherlands, it is often referred to as the Dutch Cup. The tournament consists of all teams from the top four tiers of Dutch league football (Eredivisie, Eerste Divisie, Tweede Divisie and Derde Divisie), as well as the 24 semi-finalists (or replacements) of the six KNVB District Cups. The finals of the tournament traditionally takes place in De Kuip, and has been held there every season since the 1989 final. The winners of the cup compete against the winners of the Eredivisie for the Johan Cruyff Shield, (equivalent to a super cup) which acts as the curtain raiser for the following season.
Gillies ministry
The Gillies Ministry was the 29th ministry of the Government of Queensland and was led by Premier William Gillies of the Labor Party. It succeeded the Theodore Ministry on 26 February 1925 following Ted Theodore's resignation, and was in turn succeeded by the McCormack Ministry on 22 October 1925 when Gillies resigned to become a member of the new trade and arbitration board.

On 26 February 1925, the Governor, Sir Matthew Nathan, designated nine principal executive offices of the Government, and appointed the following Members of the Legislative Assembly of Queensland to the Ministry.

Queensland Government Gazette
The Queensland Government Gazette is the government gazette of the Government of Queensland in Australia. It lists appointments and public notices including new legislation. Traditionally, publication in the gazette was a legal requirement for an announcement to be official; however, in present times, other methods of communication have replaced some aspects of the gazette's role. It is normally published weekly, but extraordinary editions can be published in between the regular weekly issues if there is an urgent need.
Alaska Basin Trail
The Alaska Basin Trail is a 7.5 mi (12.1 km) long hiking trail in Grand Teton National Park and Bridger-Teton National Forest in the U.S. state of Wyoming. The trail begins at a junction on the Death Canyon Trail near the Death Canyon Barn and climbs steeply to Static Peak Divide. From the divide, the trail soon splits with a western branch descending into Alaska Basin and the eastern trail (also known as the Alaska Basin Shelf Trail) continuing north to junction with the Teton Crest Trail. There are no camping zones on the trail within Grand Teton National Park, however in National Forest lands within Alaska Basin, camping is permitted anywhere more than 200 ft (61 m) away from lakes, though no open fires are allowed. The Alaska Basin Trail is oftentimes used by climbers attempting to make ascents of Buck Mountain and Veiled Peak.

43°42′15″N 110°51′50″W﻿ / ﻿43.7040946°N 110.8638259°W﻿ / 43.7040946; -110.8638259

Veiled Peak
Veiled Peak (11,335 feet (3,455 m)) is located in the Teton Range, within Grand Teton National Park, U.S. state of Wyoming. Veiled Peak is west of Mount Wister and rises to the south above Snowdrift Lake.
Taraka Ramudu
Taraka Ramudu is a 1997 Indian Telugu-language romantic drama film directed by R. V. Udayakumar, starring Srikanth and Soundarya. The film was partially reshot and released in Tamil as Velli Nilave (transl. Oh silver moon; 1998) with Manivannan and Senthil replacing Kota Srinivasa Rao and Babu Mohan, respectively. Selva dubbed for Srikanth's character in the Tamil version.

R. V. Udayakumar
R. V. Udayakumar is an Indian film director, lyricist and actor who worked predominantly in the Tamil film industry throughout the 1990s, making films including Kizhakku Vaasal (1990), Chinna Gounder (1992), Yajaman and Ponnumani (both 1993). He has also directed two Telugu films.
Don Edwin Malawaraarachchi
Don Edwin Malawaraarachchi (born 27 December 1925) was a Sri Lankan politician.

He first contested 6th parliamentary election, held on 22 March 1965, as an Independent politician in the Rakwana electorate, coming fourth in a field of five candidates, receiving 142 votes.

He then ran in the 8th parliamentary election, held on 21 July 1977, as the United National Party candidate, in the seat of Kamburupitiya. He was successful, receiving 22,306 votes (52.3% of the total vote) defeating the sitting member, Aelian Mahanaga Nanayakkara.

In September 1978 Malawaraarachchi was ordered by the United National Party Disciplinary Committee to resign his seat in Parliament as a result of adverse findings against him by the three member special Committee. He was replaced by Albert Silva on 22 November 1979.

Kamburupitiya Electoral District
Kamburupitiya electoral district was an electoral district of Sri Lanka between March 1960 and February 1989. The district was named after the town of Kamburupitiya in Matara District, Southern Province. The 1978 Constitution of Sri Lanka introduced the proportional representation electoral system for electing members of Parliament. The existing 160 mainly single-member electoral districts were replaced with 22 multi-member electoral districts. Kamburupitiya electoral district was replaced by the Matara multi-member electoral district at the 1989 general elections.
Üçyol, Nusaybin
Üçyol (Kurdish: Seyderi, lit. 'three gates'; Syriac: Sīdrī) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Nusaybin, Mardin Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Syriacs and had a population of 64 in 2021. It is located atop Mount Izla in the historic region of Tur Abdin.

Mardin Province
Mardin Province (Turkish: Mardin ili; Kurdish: Parêzgeha Mêrdîn; Arabic: محافظة ماردين; Classical Syriac: ܡܪܕܝܢ ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ) is a province and metropolitan municipality in Turkey. Its area is 8,780 km2, and its population is 870,374 (2022). The largest city in the province is Kızıltepe, while the capital Mardin is the second largest city.
Przewóz, Opole Voivodeship
Przewóz ([ˈpʂɛvus], additional name in German: Przewos) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Cisek, within Kędzierzyn-Koźle County, Opole Voivodeship, in southern Poland.

In 1861, the village had a population of 496, entirely Catholic by confession.

Gmina Cisek
Gmina Cisek (German: Gemeinde Czissek) is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kędzierzyn-Koźle County, Opole Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the village of Cisek, which lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) south of Kędzierzyn-Koźle and 47 km (29 mi) south-east of the regional capital Opole.

The gmina covers an area of 70.89 square kilometres (27.4 sq mi), and as of 2019, its total population was 5,624. Since 2007, the commune has been bilingual in Polish and German, and its signs are displayed in both languages.
Carleton Haynes
Carleton Haynes (7 February 1858 – 20 November 1945) was an English first-class cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman and a right-arm fast bowler who played from 1878 to 1879 for Gloucestershire County Cricket Club. Haynes was born at St John, Barbados.

Haynes made 5 first-class appearances, scoring 76 runs @ 9.50 with a highest innings of 21. He held 3 catches and took 1 wicket @ 38.00 with a best analysis of 1–8.

Haynes died at Woodlands, Hampshire on 20 November 1945.

Woodlands, Hampshire
Woodlands is a village in the New Forest National Park of Hampshire, England. The village lies 6 miles (9.7 km) west from Southampton and 2+3⁄4 miles (4.4 km) north-east from Lyndhurst. The village is in the civil parish of Netley Marsh.
Birjis Qadr
Birjis Qadr (20 August 1845 – 14 August 1893) was the son of Wajid Ali Shah, the last Nawab of Awadh. He was a put on the throne after his father had been deposed by the East India Company in 1856 under the terms of the Doctrine of lapse and Oudh State was annexed into the Bengal Presidency.

During the Indian Rebellion of 1857, Birjis Qadr was raised as a figurehead monarch of Oudh by his mother Begum Hazrat Mahal, who became his regent. Despite stiff resistance to Company forces, he had to flee to Kathmandu in the Kingdom of Nepal after the Capture of Lucknow in March 1858. He became a poet and organised mushairas (poetry recitals).

In 1887, he returned to India and moved to the Metiabruz neighbourhood of Kolkata, where his father had also lived in exile and imprisonment since 1856. In 1893, he was allegedly murdered by his own relatives.

Doctrine of lapse
The doctrine of lapse was a policy of annexation initiated by the East India Company in the Indian subcontinent for the princely states, and applied until the year 1858, the year after Company rule was succeeded by the British Raj under the British Crown.

The policy is associated with James Broun-Ramsay, 1st Marquess of Dalhousie.

Elements of the doctrine of lapse continued to be applied by the post-independence Indian government to derecognise individual princely families until 1971, when the recognition of former ruling families was discontinued under the 26th Amendment to the Indian constitution by the Indira Gandhi government.
Huguenot, Orange County, New York
Huguenot is a hamlet in the town of Deerpark, in Orange County, New York, United States. It is located north of Port Jervis on US-209. Huguenot Schoolhouse and Neversink Valley Grange Hall No. 1530 are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The community was named after Huguenot immigrants. Huguenot is also named for Huguenot families Cuddeback and Gumaer who settled the area in 1698. The Native American name for the area was Seneyaugnquan.

From 1918 to 2021 the YMCA of Greater New York maintained a YMCA camp near Huguenot. In March 2021, it was announced that the camp would be closing its doors and was to be sold. This was due to an overall loss of around $100 million during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Since 2005, an annual electro-music music festival has been held in Huguenot's Greenkill Retreat Center.

YMCA of Greater New York
YMCA of Greater New York is a community service organization, the largest YMCA in North America and also New York City's largest private youth-serving organization serving more than five hundred thousand each year.

The New York chapter formed in 1852 when a number of men met in what is now Soho to help new immigrant arrivals to the city, and the Brooklyn branch was established the following year with Walt Whitman as an early member. As of 2021, there are twenty two branches throughout the five boroughs, including the McBurney Y that was the inspiration for the Village People's song and the West Side YMCA.

YMCA of Greater New York is affiliated with YMCA in America and also operated Camp Talcott, a more than century-old sleepaway camp that hosted more than one thousand campers each summer.
2025 FIVB Women's Volleyball World Championship final round
The final round of the 2025 FIVB Women's Volleyball World Championship was the second and final stage of the competition, following the preliminary round. The top two teams from each pool advanced to the final round to compete in a single-elimination format. There were 16 matches in the final round, including a third-place match played between the two losing teams of the semi-finals.

It took place from 23 August to 7 September, with rest days on 2 and 5 September. Each matchday featured two games: at 17:00 and 20:30 for the round of 16 and the quarterfinals, and at 15:30 and 19:30 for the semifinals, 3rd place match, and the final.

Indoor Stadium Huamark
Indoor Stadium Huamark (Thai: อินดอร์ สเตเดียม หัวหมาก, RTGS: Indo Satediam Hua Mak, pronounced [ʔīn.dɔ̄ː sā.tēː.dîa̯m hǔa̯ màːk]) is an indoor sporting arena, located in Hua Mak Subdistrict, Bang Kapi, Bangkok, Thailand. It is next to Rajamangala National Stadium and is a part of Hua Mak Sports Complex. The original capacity of the arena is 15,000 spectators and it was built in 1966 for the 5th Asian Games. After renovation for 2012 FIFA Futsal World Cup, the capacity is reduced to 6,000 seats and expandable to 8,000 seats.

It is used mainly for concerts, badminton, boxing, basketball, futsal, and volleyball. On 22 May 2001, Irish vocal pop band Westlife held a concert for their Where Dreams Come True Tour supporting their album Coast to Coast.