hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
German submarine U-318
German submarine U-318 was a Type VIIC/41 U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

The submarine was laid down on 14 October 1942 by the Flender Werke yard at Lübeck as yard number 318, launched on 25 September 1943, and commissioned on 13 November under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Josef Will.

She served with the 4th U-boat Flotilla for training, the 11th U-boat Flotilla from 1 August 1943 to 4 November 1944, the 13th flotilla from 5 November 1944 to 28 February 1945 and the 14th flotilla from 1 March to 8 May 1945 for operations.

She completed six patrols, but did not sink any ships.

She was a member of two wolfpacks.

The boat surrendered at Narvik in Norway on 9 May 1945. She was sunk on 21 December 1945 as part of Operation Deadlight.

11th U-boat Flotilla
The 11th U-boat Flotilla (German 11. Unterseebootsflottille) was formed on 15 May 1942 in Bergen, Norway. The flotilla operated mainly in the North Sea and against the Russian convoys (JW, PQ, QP and RA series) in the Arctic Sea. The flotilla operated various marks of the Type VII U-boat until September 1944, when it had an influx of some Type IX boats from France. It also was the only flotilla to field the Type XXI U-boat for operational use, but the war ended before U-2511 saw action. The Flotilla was disbanded on 9 May 1945 with the German surrender.
King Ludwig Oak
The King Ludwig Oak (in German: König-Ludwig-Eiche, and also Königseiche, Tausendjährige Eiche, and until the middle of the 19th century, Stolze Eiche) is an oak tree recognised as a natural monument in the Staatsbad Brückenau, a state-run spa and park two kilometres (1.2 mi) west of Bad Brückenau in the German state of Bavaria. The German Tree Archive counts the oak among the trees of national importance (National bedeutsamer Baum, NBB).

Estimates of its age range between 370 and 700 years. The circumference of the trunk is about seven metres (23 ft). It is named after King Ludwig I, who frequented it during his numerous spa stays at the Staatsbad Brückenau. The oak has been described and depicted many times since 1780. Many domestic aristocrats and monarchs from abroad who were staying in Brückenau for the cure visited the oak.

Natural monument
A natural monument is a natural or cultural feature of outstanding or unique value because of its inherent rarity, representative of aesthetic qualities, or cultural significance. They can be natural geological and geographical features such as waterfalls, cliffs, craters, fossil, sand dunes, rock forms, valleys and coral reefs. Locations important to faith groups may be considered natural monuments. Archeological and historical sites linked to the natural environment are also included, such as cave art. This is especially true when relevant to the land of Indigenous Peoples.
Calatayud (DO)
Calatayud is a Spanish Denominación de Origen Protegida (DOP) for wines located in the southwestern corner of the province of Zaragoza (Aragón, Spain) about 90 km from Zaragoza and covers over 5,600 ha, extending over 46 different municipalities, including Calatayud itself. It borders with the Cariñena (DO) in the east and with the province of Soria in the west. It is in the Ebro River valley and is crisscrossed by many of the Ebro's tributaries including the Jalón, Jiloca, Manubles, Mesa (river), Piedra and Ribota. The vineyards are found on the south facing slopes of the Sierra de la Virgen range at heights of between 550 m and 800 m above sea level.

Jalón (river)
The river Jalón (Latin: Salo) is located in the northeast of Spain, and is one of the principal tributaries of the Ebro. It has a length of 224 kilometres (139 mi) and drains a basin of 9,338 square kilometres (3,605 sq mi). The flow rate in Calatayud is 20.8 cubic metres per second (730 cu ft/s), but is highly irregular due to the great range of Mediterranean rainfall patterns.

The course of the river forms the main communication route between the Castilian Plateau and the Ebro.  Until the late twentieth century, roads and railways between Madrid and Zaragoza followed this path.
Elizabeth Park, South Australia
Elizabeth Park is a northern suburb of Adelaide, South Australia in the City of Playford. It is situated to the east of Main North Road and includes Fremont Park and other open space along Adams Creek.

Main North Road
Main North Road is the major north–south arterial route through the suburbs north of the Adelaide City Centre in the city of Adelaide, South Australia, and linking to Gawler on Adelaide's outer north-eastern fringes.
Tramways Électrique du Finistère
The Tramways Électriques du Finistère (French pronunciation: [tʁamwɛ elɛktʁik dy finistɛʁ], TEF) were a 23 kilometres (14 mi) long 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in), metre gauge, rural tramway connecting Brest with Le Conquet in Finistère. It was in operation between 1903 and 1932.

Finistère
Finistère (/ˌfɪnɪˈstɛər/; French: [finistɛʁ] ⓘ; Breton: Penn-ar-Bed [ˌpɛnarˈbeːt]) is a department of France in the extreme west of Brittany. Its prefecture is Quimper and its largest city is Brest. In 2019, it had a population of 915,090.
Mukesh Rawal
Mukesh Rawal (10 September 1951 – 15 November 2016) was an Indian actor. He worked in Hindi and Gujarati films and television shows. He was well known for playing Vibhishana in Ramanand Sagar's 1987 epic TV series Ramayan.

Hasratein
Hasratein (transl. Desires) is an Indian Hindi-language soap opera that originally aired on Zee TV in the mid-1990s. Directed by Ajai Sinha and produced by Sangeeta Sinha and Raakesh Shah, the show was based on the Marathi novel Adhantari by Jaywant Dalvi. The series is currently available for streaming on ZEE5.

The drama became notable for its bold depiction of extra-marital relationships and women’s agency, centering on the character of Savi who leaves her husband to live with another married man while both their spouses are aware of the situation. Its success made it one of the most talked-about Indian television dramas of the decade, sparking discussions on marital discord and the evolving roles of women in Indian society.
Steia gens
The gens Steia was an obscure plebeian family at ancient Rome.  No members of this gens are mentioned by ancient writers, but several are known from inscriptions, and at least some of them were of senatorial rank.  A large number of the Steii settled in the provinces of Africa and Numidia.

Latium
Latium (/ˈleɪʃiəm/ LAY-shee-əm, US also /-ʃəm/ -⁠shəm; Latin: [ˈɫati.ũː]) is the region of central western Italy in which the city of Rome was founded and grew to be the capital city of the Roman Empire.
Off the Wall (Little Walter song)
"Off the Wall" is a 1953 blues instrumental and single by Little Walter. The single followed "Tell Me Mama", which had reached #10 on the R&B charts, reaching #8. Following Little Walter's recording Big Walter Horton claimed to be the composer, and he recorded the same harmonica-led tune in Memphis on 28 May 1953 for Sun Records.

Sun Records
Sun Records is an American independent record label founded by producer Sam Phillips in Memphis, Tennessee on February 1, 1952. Sun was the first label to record Elvis Presley, Charlie Rich, Roy Orbison, Jerry Lee Lewis, Carl Perkins, and Johnny Cash. Prior to that, Sun had concentrated mainly on African-American musicians because Phillips loved rhythm and blues and wanted to bring it to a white audience.

On January 28, 2021, Sun Records was acquired by Primary Wave for $30 million.
Hydroacylation
Hydroacylation is a type of organic reaction in which an electron-rich unsaturated hydrocarbon inserts into a formyl C-H bond.  With alkenes, the product is a ketone:

RCHO  +  CH2=CHR'   →   RC(O)CH2CH2R'

With an alkyne instead, the reaction produces an α,β-unsaturated ketone.

The reaction requires a metal catalyst or a radical initiator.  Even so, the reaction is difficult to engineer, as oxidizing aldehydes to acyl radicals occurs only at high electrochemical potential.  It is almost invariably practiced as an intramolecular reaction using homogeneous catalysts, often based on rhodium phosphines.

Ketone
In organic chemistry, a ketone /ˈkiːtoʊn/ is an organic compound with the structure R−C(=O)−R', where R and R' can be a variety of carbon-containing substituents. Ketones contain a carbonyl group −C(=O)− (a carbon-oxygen double bond C=O). A ketone derived from an alkane is an alkanone. The simplest ketone is acetone (where R and R' are methyl), with the formula (CH3)2CO. Many ketones are of great importance in biology and industry. Examples include many sugars (ketoses), many steroids, e.g., testosterone, and the solvent acetone.
Valentina Azarova
Valentina Vyacheslavovna Azarova (Russian: Валентина Вячеславовна Азарова), also known as Valentina Miron (Russian: Валентина Мирон; born October 2, 1991) is a Russian athlete competing in fitness, bodybuilding, and Brazilian jiu-jitsu, in which she holds a purple belt. She was the 2017 European Jiu-Jitsu Champion in the women's blue belt featherweight division (No Gi) in the International Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Federation.

Prior to her athletic career, she worked as an adult film actress under the stage names Megan Vale and Lupe Burnett.

Brazilian jiu-jitsu ranking system
The Brazilian jiu-jitsu ranking system signifies a practitioner's increasing level of technical knowledge and practical skill within the art. Colored belts worn as part of the uniform are awarded to the practitioner. The ranking system shares its origins with the judo belt-rank system, but the Brazilian system incorporates some minor differences from Judo such as a division between youths and adults and the issuance of stripes and degrees. Some differences have become synonymous with the art, such as a marked informality in promotional criteria, a focus on competitive demonstration of skill, and conservative promotion.
Alliances (Star Trek: Voyager)
"Alliances" is the 30th episode of American science fiction television series Star Trek: Voyager, and is the 14th episode in the second season.

The series follows the adventures of the Federation starship Voyager during its journey home to Earth, having been stranded tens of thousands of light-years away. In this episode, Captain Janeway tries to form alliances to help them on their way back.

The episode aired on UPN on January 22, 1996.

United Federation of Planets
In the fictional universe of Star Trek, the United Federation of Planets (UFP) is the interstellar government with which, as part of its space force Starfleet, most of the characters and starships of the franchise are affiliated. Commonly called "the Federation", it was introduced in the original Star Trek television series. The survival, success, and growth of the Federation and its principles of freedom have become some of the Star Trek franchise's central themes.

The Federation is an organization of numerous planetary sovereignties, including Earth and Vulcan. The franchise focuses on Starfleet, the exploration and defense arm of the Federation, rather than the Federation's government. Viewers are rarely given details of the internal workings of the government; however, many episodes refer to the rules and laws that the Federation imposes on the characters and their adventures.
Danger Within
Danger Within (U.S. title: Breakout) is a 1959 British war film directed by Don Chaffey and starring Richard Todd and Bernard Lee. It was written by Bryan Forbes and Frank Harvey,  based on the 1952 novel Death in Captivity by Michael Gilbert, who had been a prisoner of war held by the Italians at PG 49 in Fontanellato. A combination of POW escape drama and whodunit, the film set in a prisoner of war camp in Northern Italy during the summer of 1943.

Bryan Forbes
Bryan Forbes born John Theobald Clarke; 22 July 1926 – 8 May 2013) was an English film director, screenwriter, film producer, actor and novelist described as a "Renaissance man" and "one of the most important figures in the British film industry".

Forbes directed the film The Stepford Wives (1975) and wrote and/or directed several other critically acclaimed films, including Whistle Down the Wind (1961), Séance on a Wet Afternoon (1964) and King Rat (1965). He also scripted several films directed by others, such as The League of Gentlemen (1960), The Angry Silence (1960) and Only Two Can Play (1962).
Lower Leas Coastal Park
Lower Leas Coastal Park is a park located in Folkestone, Kent, England. The park is split into three broad recreational zones, starting at The Leas Lift (on Lower Sandgate Road) and heading west. The formal zone comprises pine avenues and flower gardens, planted for all-year-round interest. The fun zone comprises the large free adventure play area and the amphitheatre. The last area, the wild zone, has been created for a diverse wildlife habitat, with careful management.

Amphitheatre
An amphitheatre  (American English: amphitheater) is an open-air venue used for entertainment, performances, and sports. The term derives from the ancient Greek ἀμφιθέατρον (amphitheatron), from ἀμφί (amphi), meaning "on both sides" or "around" and θέατρον (théātron), meaning "place for viewing".

Ancient Greek theatres were typically built on hillsides and semi-circular in design. The first amphitheatre may have been built at Pompeii around 70 BC. Ancient Roman amphitheatres were oval or circular in plan, with seating tiers that surrounded the central performance area, like a modern open-air stadium. In contrast, both ancient Greek and ancient Roman theatres were built in a semicircle, with tiered seating rising on one side of the performance area.

Modern English parlance uses "amphitheatre" for any structure with sloping seating, including theatre-style stages with spectator seating on only one side, theatres in the round, and stadia. They can be indoor or outdoor.
Abu al-Khasib
Abu al-Khaṣīb Marzuq was an Abbasid general and administrator during the reign of Abu Ja'far al-Mansur. A mawla of Mansur in his early life, Abu al-Khasib rose to the position of Hajib (chamberlain) in 755. In 760, he was sent by Mansur to  conquer Tabaristan from its Dabuyid ruler, Khurshid. After the conquest of Tabaristan, he was appointed as its first Abbasid governor, a position he retained until about 763.

Mawla
Mawlā (Arabic: مَوْلَى; IPA: [maw.laː], plural mawālī مَوَالِي; [ma.waː.liː]), is a polysemous Arabic word, whose meaning varied in different periods and contexts.

Before the Islamic prophet Muhammad, the term applied to any form of tribal association.

In the Quran and hadiths it is used in multiple senses, including 'lord', 'guardian', and 'trustee'.

After Muhammad's death, the Umayyad dynasty accepted new converts to Islam into Arab-Muslim society and the word mawali gained currency as an appellation for converted non-Arab Muslims in the early Islamic caliphates.
Division of Throsby
The Division of Throsby was an Australian electoral division in the state of New South Wales. The division was named after Charles Throsby, a prominent pioneer and explorer in the early nineteenth century of the areas to the south of Sydney.

The Division of Throsby was created in a redistribution in 1984 and had been represented by Labor since its inception. The Illawarra is one of the few non-metropolitan regions where Labor consistently does well. The area has a strong working-class character due to the presence of industries such as steelmaking, coal mining and stevedoring.

It was renamed the Division of Whitlam in 2016.

Australian Electoral Commission
The Australian Electoral Commission (AEC) is the independent statutory agency of the Australian Government responsible for the management and oversight of Australian federal elections, plebiscites, referendums and some trade union elections.
London Smallpox Hospital
The London Smallpox Hospital, sometimes known as the Middlesex County Hospital for Smallpox and Inoculation, was established in 1745–6 and was said to be the first establishment of its type in Europe. The earliest buildings were in the West End of London, Finsbury and Bethnal Green, but in 1752 it moved to the house formerly occupied by Sir John Oldcastle in Coldbath Fields, admitting patients from 1753.

A new hospital in St Pancras was opened in 1793–4 and the Coldbath Fields building demolished in the 1860s. The Hospital in Saint Pancras near Battle Bridge, was demolished to make way for St Pancras railway station. The Hospital was replaced by the Highgate Smallpox and Vaccination Hospital, erected in 1848–1850.

St Pancras, London
St Pancras (/ˈpæŋkrəs/) is a district in North London. It was originally a medieval ancient parish and subsequently became a metropolitan borough. The metropolitan borough then merged with neighbouring boroughs and the area now forms around half of the modern London Borough of Camden.

The area of the parish and borough extends nearly four miles in a north-south axis, between Islington in the east and Marylebone and Hampstead in the west. It takes in the sub-districts of Camden Town, Kentish Town, Gospel Oak, Somers Town, King's Cross, Chalk Farm, Dartmouth Park, the core area of Fitzrovia and a part of Highgate.
Dirili Surkhay
Dirili Surkhay or Ashiq Surkhay Beyali oglu (b. 23 May 1902; Xudafərin, Jebrail uezd, Elizavetpol Governorate, Russian Empire – d. 14 December 1945; Xudafərin, Jabrayil District, Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic) was an Azerbaijani ashug and poet.

Jabrayil District
Jabrayil District (Azerbaijani: Cəbrayıl rayonu) is one of the 66 districts of Azerbaijan. It is located in the south-west of the country and belongs to the East Zangezur Economic Region. The district borders the districts of Khojavend, Fuzuli, Qubadli, Zangilan, and the Islamic Republic of Iran.

Its capital is Jabrayil, however since the city is completely ruined following its occupation by ethnic Armenian forces, the current de facto capital is Jojug Marjanly until Jabrayil is rebuilt. As of 2020, the district had a nominal population of 81,700.
Takeshi Fujii
Takeshi Fujii (藤井 猛, Fujii Takeshi; born September 29, 1970) is a Japanese professional shogi player ranked 9-dan. He is a former Ryūō title holder, and a former non-executive director of the Japan Shogi Association.

Fujii is known for developing the Fujii System, a class of strategies for Fourth File Rook positions against Static Rook opponents especially Static Rook Anaguma.

Bear-in-the-hole Static Rook
In shogi, Bear-in-the-hole Static Rook or Anaguma Static Rook (居飛車穴熊 ibisha anaguma) is a Static Rook opening that utilizes a Bear-in-the-hole castle.

It is typically played against Ranging Rook opponents.
Potokar
Potokar is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Cita Potokar (1915–1993), Slovene painter

Majda Potokar (1930–2001), Slovene film and theater actress

Nejc Potokar (born 1988), Slovene footballer

Tom Potokar (born 1964), British researcher

Cita Potokar
Cita Potokar (28 November 1915 – 28 November 1993) was a Slovene painter also known for her illustrations of children's books. Many of her best known works draw from her experience as an internee during the Second World War as a result of her activities in the Slovene Liberation Front.

She won the Levstik Award for her illustrations of Branka Jurca's book Lizike za vse (Lollipops for All).
Wimmera Regional Library Corporation
The Wimmera Regional Library Corporation is situated in the northwest of Victoria, Australia.  It covers an area of approximately 36,800 km2. and serves two local government bodies -Horsham Rural City Council and West Wimmera Shire Council, with a combined population of approximately 23,700. As these figures indicate, its clientele is predominantly rural-based and often has considerable distances between centres.

The Wimmera Regional Library operates 5 static branches in Edenhope, Goroke, Harrow, Horsham and Kaniva.

Shire of West Wimmera
The Shire of West Wimmera is a local government area in the western part of the Wimmera region of Victoria, Australia, located in the western part of the state. It covers an area of 9,108 square kilometres (3,517 sq mi) and in June 2018 had a population of 3,862. It includes the towns of Apsley, Edenhope, Goroke, Gymbowen, Harrow, Kaniva, Minimay, Nurcoung and Serviceton.

The Shire is governed and administered by the West Wimmera Shire Council; its seat of local government and administrative centre is located at the council headquarters in Edenhope, it also has a service centre located in Kaniva. The Shire is named after the Wimmera region, in which the LGA occupies the western portion. The LGA is also located entirely to the west of the Wimmera River, which actually meanders through the Rural City of Horsham to the east.
Moeketsi Majoro
Moeketsi Majoro (born 3 November 1961) is a Mosotho economist and politician who served as the sixth prime minister of Lesotho from May 2020 to October 2022. He was previously the minister of Finance in the cabinet of Tom Thabane from 2017 to 2020. Majoro has been representing the Thetsane Constituency No. 33 in the National Assembly since his election in 2017. He was formerly a senator and the minister of Development Planning from 2013 to 2015. Majoro is a member of the All Basotho Convention (ABC).

National Assembly (Lesotho)
29°19′22″S 27°29′33″E﻿ / ﻿29.322739542481237°S 27.49252454519462°E﻿ / -29.322739542481237; 27.49252454519462

The National Assembly (Sotho: Lekhotleng la Sechaba) is the lower chamber of Lesotho's bicameral Parliament.
2018 Tiburon Challenger – Doubles
André Göransson and Florian Lakat were the defending champions but lost in the quarterfinals to Gerard Granollers and Pedro Martínez.

Hans Hach Verdugo and Luke Saville won the title after defeating Granollers and Martínez 6–3, 6–2 in the final.

Florian Lakat
Florian Lakat (born 12 November 1995) is a French tennis player.

Lakat has a career high ATP singles ranking of No. 680 achieved on 19 March 2018 and a high career doubles ranking of No. 252 achieved on 16 April 2018.

Lakat has won 1 ATP Challenger doubles title at the 2017 Tiburon Challenger.

Lakat played college tennis at Mississippi State University and the University of California, Berkeley.
Anton Schindling
Anton Schindling (20 January 1947 in Frankfurt - 4 January 2020 in Tübingen) was a German historian. He held chairs at the Catholic University of Eichstätt-Ingolstadt (1985–1987), the University of Osnabrück (1987–1995) and the University of Tübingen (1995–2015). Thematically he worked on the history of education, the age of Confessionalization and the Holy Roman Empire. He was one of the leading early modern researchers in Germany.

Catholic University of Eichstätt-Ingolstadt
The Katholische Universität Eichstätt-Ingolstadt (KU) is a Catholic research university in Eichstätt and Ingolstadt, Bavaria, Germany. It is the only Catholic university in Germany.

Compared to other German universities it is a rather small institution with 4,800 students in 2019; nevertheless, it is the largest non-state university in Germany. The university has its main campus in Eichstätt (the buildings being in the town center or within walking distance) and another (the Ingolstadt School of Management) in Ingolstadt, site of the first Bavarian university in 1472.