hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Villa Valmarana (Lisiera)
The Villa Valmarana (also known as Valmarana Scagnolari Zen) is a Renaissance villa situated in Lisiera, a locality of Bolzano Vicentino, province of Vicenza, northern Italy. Designed by Andrea Palladio, it was originally built in the 1560s for the Valmarana family.

The villa was nearly totally destroyed during World War II, but has been rebuilt. Even before the war damage, the building did not closely resemble the plan which Palladio published in his I quattro libri dell'architettura (The Four Books of Architecture) of 1570, possibly because Gianfrancesco Valmarana, the architect's client, died while his house was being built.

Published version of the project in I quattro libri dell'architettura

Side view

Villa
A villa is a type of house that was originally an ancient Roman upper class country house that provided an escape from urban life. Since its origins in the Roman villa, the idea and function of a villa have evolved considerably. After the fall of the Roman Republic, villas became small farming compounds, which were increasingly fortified in Late Antiquity, sometimes transferred to the Church for reuse as a monastery. They gradually re-evolved through the Middle Ages into elegant upper-class country homes. In the early modern period, any comfortable detached house with a garden near a city or town was likely to be described as a villa; most surviving villas have now been engulfed by suburbia. In modern parlance, "villa" can refer to various types and sizes of residences, ranging from the suburban semi-detached double villa to, in some countries, especially around the Mediterranean, residences of above average size in the countryside.
Rasmus A. Sivertsen
Rasmus Andre Sivertsen (26 September 1972, Inderøy Municipality) is a Norwegian film director, editor, producer, animator and former television director. He is a co-owner of film production company Qvisten Animation.

Television director
A television director is in charge of the activities involved in making a television program or section of a program. They are generally responsible for decisions about the editorial content and creative style of a program, and ensuring the producer's vision is delivered. Their duties may include selecting cast members, conduct rehearsals, work with set designers, location scouts and art directors, originating program ideas, finding contributors, writing scripts, planning 'shoots', ensuring safety, leading the crew on location, directing contributors and presenters, and working with editors and music supervisors to assemble and make sure the final product meets the producer and director's vision. The work of a television director can vary widely depending on the nature of the program, the practices of the production company, whether the program content is factual or drama, and whether it is live or recorded.
Stryker's reagent
Stryker's reagent ([(PPh3)CuH]6), also known as the Osborn complex, is a hexameric copper hydride ligated with triphenylphosphine.  It is a brick red,  air-sensitive solid. Stryker's reagent is a mildly hydridic reagent, used in homogeneous catalysis of conjugate reduction reactions of enones, enoates, and related substrates.

Air sensitivity
Air sensitivity is a term used, particularly in chemistry, to denote the reactivity of chemical compounds with some constituent of air. Most often, reactions occur with atmospheric oxygen (O2) or water vapor (H2O), although reactions with the other constituents of air such as carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), and nitrogen (N2) are also possible.
A.k.a. Cassius Clay
A.k.a. Cassius Clay (styled as a.k.a. Cassius Clay) is a 1970 boxing documentary film about the former heavyweight champion Muhammad Ali.

Directed by Jimmy Jacobs, the film was made during Ali's exile from the sport for refusing to be inducted into the US Army on religious grounds. Narrated by Richard Kiley, the film gives an overview of Ali's career to that point. The film features archival footage of people associated with Ali, such as Angelo Dundee, Malcolm X, and Drew Bundini Brown, and clips of his fights with Sonny Liston, Henry Cooper, George Chuvalo and Floyd Patterson. These are intercut with scenes featuring Ali and veteran boxing trainer Cus D'Amato discussing his career and how he would have fared against past champions such as Joe Louis.

Clay v. United States
Clay v. United States, 403 U.S. 698 (1971), was Muhammad Ali's  appeal of his conviction in 1967 for refusing to report for induction into the United States military forces during the Vietnam War. His local draft board had rejected his application for conscientious objector classification. In a unanimous 8–0 ruling (Thurgood Marshall recused himself due to his previous involvement in the case as a U.S. Department of Justice official), the United States Supreme Court reversed the conviction that had been upheld by the Fifth Circuit.

The Supreme Court found the government had failed to properly specify why Ali's application had been denied, thereby requiring the conviction to be overturned: "the court said the record shows that [Ali's] beliefs are founded on tenets of the Muslim religion as he understands them."
Tümen-Odyn Battögs
Tümen-Odyn Battögs (also Battugs Tumen-Od, Mongolian: Түмэн-Одын Баттөгс; born 23 August 1981 in Mörön sum, Khövsgöl aimag) is a Mongolian judoka, who played for the half-middleweight category. She won a bronze medal for her division at the 2010 Asian Games in Guangzhou, China.

Battugs represented Mongolia at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, where she competed for the women's half-middleweight class (63 kg). She received a bye for the second preliminary round match, before losing out, by an ippon (full point) and a kuchiki taoshi (single leg takedown), to Germany's Anna von Harnier.

Khövsgöl Province
Khövsgöl Province (Mongolian: Хөвсгөл аймаг) is the northernmost of the 21 provinces of Mongolia, bordering Buryatia and Tuva, Russia. Its name is derived from Lake Khövsgöl. The province was established in 1931. Its administrative center is the city of Mörön; prior to 1933, its capital was Khatgal.
Differentiated integration
Differentiated integration (DI) is a mechanism that gives countries the possibility to opt out of certain European Union policies while other countries can further engage and adopt them. This mechanism theoretically encourages the process of European integration. It prevents policies that may be in the interest of most states to get blocked or only get adopted in a weaker form. As a result, policies are not implemented uniformly in the EU. In some definitions of differentiated integration, it is legally codified in EU acts and treaties, through the enhanced cooperation procedure, but it can also be the result of treaties which have been agreed to externally to the EU's framework, for example in the case of the Schengen Agreement.

Legal act of the European Union
Legal acts of the European Union are actions which are adopted by the institutions of the European Union in order to exercise the powers given to them by the EU Treaties. The treaties form the "primary law" of the EU, while regulations, directives, decisions, recommendations and opinions constitute the Union's "secondary law".

Regulations, directives and decisions are binding legal acts. Recommendations and opinions are non-legislative acts which have no binding effect on the EU member states or institutions.

Regulations and directives can be either legislative or non-legislative acts. Legislative acts are normally adopted by the Council of the European Union and the European Parliament acting together, and have their legal basis in the treaties. Non-legislative acts are adopted by the European Commission in pursuance with powers given to it by legislative acts. Their function is to fill in the detail omitted by legislative acts.
Delaware River Bridge (Lehigh Valley Railroad)
The Lehigh Valley Railroad, Delaware River Bridge is an abandoned railway bridge originally built by the Lehigh Valley Railroad over the Delaware River between Easton, Pennsylvania and Phillipsburg, New Jersey. It was constructed by the American Bridge Company in 1901 and 1902 on piers built in 1866.

American Bridge Company
The American Bridge Company is a heavy/civil construction firm that specializes in building and renovating bridges and other large, complex structures. Founded in 1900, the company is headquartered in Coraopolis, Pennsylvania, a suburb of Pittsburgh. The firm has built many bridges in the U.S. and elsewhere; the Historic American Engineering Record notes at least 81. American Bridge has also built or helped build the Willis Tower, the Empire State Building, the Chrysler Building, launch pads, resorts, and more. During World War II, it produced tank landing ships (LSTs) for the United States Navy. In 2020, American Bridge Company was acquired by Southland Holdings LLC.
Church of St Nicholas, Bawtry
The Church of St Nicholas, is an Anglican church in the town of Bawtry, South Yorkshire, England. Due to the proximity of the church to the wharves on the River Idle in Bawtry, the church is dedicated to St Nicholas, the patron Saint of seafarers. The building is grade I listed, and the churchyard attracts some interest as one of the first colonists aboard the Mayflower bound for the United States of America came from the area, and some of his family are buried there.

River Idle
The River Idle is a river in Nottinghamshire, England, formed by the confluence of the River Maun and the River Meden near Markham Moor. It flows north from its source through Retford and Bawtry before joining the River Trent at West Stockwith. Its main tributaries are the River Poulter and the River Ryton. The river is navigable as far as Bawtry, with a statutory right of navigation extending to Retford. Much of the land surrounding the Idle consists of broad flood plain, and the river is significant for conservation, with several Sites of Special Scientific Interest being designated along its course.
Great College Street
Great College Street is a street in Westminster, London. The street was first laid out in the 1720s but it has seen many alterations and much rebuilding in the later 19th and early 20th centuries. Its proximity to the Palace of Westminster has made it a popular choice for politicians looking for homes within Parliament's Division bell area; the most notable being No.17, Great College Street, which was home to Alfred Milner, 1st Viscount Milner at the start of the 20th century and to Margaret Thatcher at its end.

Alistair McAlpine, Baron McAlpine of West Green
Robert Alistair McAlpine, Baron McAlpine of West Green (14 May 1942 – 17 January 2014) was a British businessman, politician and author who was an advisor to Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher.

McAlpine was descended from the McAlpine baronets who made their fortune in the construction industry. McAlpine held a variety of jobs before becoming prominent in British politics in the 1980s as the treasurer and a major fundraiser of the Conservative Party. A close ally of Thatcher, McAlpine did not support her successor as Prime Minister John Major, and later joined James Goldsmith's Referendum Party. McAlpine later rejoined the Conservatives but resigned his seat in the House of Lords.

Outside politics McAlpine was prominent in a variety of business developments in Australia as well as being an art collector and memoirist.
Portland Classic
The Standard Portland Classic is a women's professional golf tournament in Oregon on the LPGA Tour.  Founded 53 years ago in 1972, the annual event in the Portland area is the oldest continuous event on the LPGA Tour. Tournament Golf Foundation has owned the tournament since its beginning and also managed the Safeway International tournament on the LPGA Tour. It became a 72-hole event in 2013, after decades at 54 holes.

Proceeds from the tournament are donated to local children's charities; over $19 million has been donated since 1972. The tournament has had a variety of sponsors during its history.

2015 LPGA Tour
The 2015 LPGA Tour was a series of professional golf tournaments for elite female golfers from around the world. The Tour began in Ocala, Florida, on January 28 and ended on November 22 at the Gold Course of the Tiburón Golf Club in Naples, Florida. The tournaments were sanctioned by the United States–based Ladies Professional Golf Association (LPGA).

Lydia Ko won five tournaments, including one major, led the money list, won the Race to the CME Globe, and became the youngest winner of the LPGA Tour's Player of the Year award. Inbee Park also won five tournaments, including two majors, and won the Vare Trophy for the lowest scoring average. She also accumulated enough points to be inducted into the LPGA Hall of Fame upon her completion of her 10th year on tour (2016). Sei-Young Kim won three tournaments and the Rookie of the Year award.
Shimazu Nariakira
Shimazu Nariakira (島津 斉彬; Japanese pronunciation: [ɕiꜜ.ma.(d)zɯ | na.ɾʲi.aꜜ.kʲi.ɾa], April 28, 1809 – August 24, 1858) was a Japanese feudal lord (daimyō) of the Edo period, the 28th in the line of Shimazu clan lords of Satsuma Domain.

He was renowned as an intelligent and wise lord, and was greatly interested in Western learning and technology. He was enshrined after death as the Shinto kami Terukuni Daimyōjin (照国大明神) in May 1863.

Rangaku
Rangaku (Kyūjitai: 蘭學, English: Dutch learning), and by extension Yōgaku (Japanese: 洋学; "Western learning"), is a body of knowledge developed by Japan through its contacts with the Dutch enclave of Dejima, which allowed Japan to keep abreast of Western technology and medicine in the period when the country was closed to foreigners from 1641 to 1853 because of the Tokugawa shogunate's policy of national isolation (sa'koku).

Through Rangaku, some people in Japan learned many aspects of the scientific and technological revolution occurring in Europe at that time, helping the country build up the beginnings of a theoretical and technological scientific base, which helps to explain Japan's success in its radical and speedy modernization following the forced American opening of the country to foreign trade in 1854.
John Bailey (footballer, born 1957)
John Anthony Bailey (born 1 April 1957) is an English former professional footballer who was a member of Everton's 1984 FA Cup Final-winning team. He made more than 400 appearances in the Football League for Blackburn Rovers, Everton, Newcastle United and Bristol City as a left back, and represented England at 'B' international level.

England national football B team
England B is a secondary football team run occasionally as support for the England national football team. At times they have played other nations' full teams; they have also played matches against 'B' teams from other football associations. Since the team's first use in 1947, there have been 54 official and 3 unofficial B team matches. It has been inactive since May 2007.
Kosmos 1223
Kosmos 1223 (Russian: Космос 1223 meaning Cosmos 1223) was a Soviet US-K missile early warning satellite, which was launched in 1980 as part of the Soviet military's Oko programme. The satellite was designed to identify missile launches using optical telescopes and infrared sensors.

Kosmos 1223 was launched from Site 41/1 at Plesetsk Cosmodrome in the Russian SSR. A Molniya-M carrier rocket with a 2BL upper stage was used to perform the launch, which took place at 21:37 UTC on 27 November 1980. The launch successfully placed the satellite into a molniya orbit.

It subsequently received its Kosmos designation, and the international designator 1980-095A. The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 12078.

International Designator
The International Designator is an international identifier assigned to artificial objects in space. It consists of the launch year, a three-digit incrementing launch number of that year and up to a three-letter code representing the sequential identifier of a piece in a launch. In TLE format the first two digits of the year and the dash are dropped.
For example, 1990-037A is the Space Shuttle Discovery on mission STS-31, which carried the Hubble Space Telescope (1990-037B) into space. This launch was the 37th known successful launch worldwide in 1990.
Cortado (software)
Cortado is a streaming Java applet for Ogg formats Vorbis, Theora and Kate, μ-law, MJPEG and Smoke (a custom MJPEG variant), released under the GPL. With Cortado a webpage can be set up to download the applet on the fly in the background, providing embedded support for Ogg-based media in Java-enabled web browsers without the need to install further software. Among others it has been used on Wikimedia projects and blip.tv.

Cortado was originally created by Wim Taymans building upon the earlier work of Jorbis, the Java decoder for Vorbis audio. Cortado was then maintained in the Wikimedia SVN repository by MediaWiki software developer Tim Starling.

Since release 0.5.0 development is done at the Xiph.org foundation.

Theora
Theora is a free lossy video compression format. It was developed by the Xiph.Org Foundation and distributed without licensing fees alongside their other free and open media projects, including the Vorbis audio format and the Ogg container.

The libtheora video codec is the reference implementation of the Theora video compression format developed by the Xiph.Org Foundation.

Theora was derived from the formerly proprietary VP3 codec, released into the public domain by On2 Technologies. It is broadly comparable in design and bitrate efficiency to MPEG-4 Part 2, early versions of Windows Media Video, and RealVideo while it lacked some of the features present in some of these other codecs. It is comparable in open standards philosophy to the BBC's Dirac codec.

Theora was named after Theora Jones, Edison Carter's Controller on the Max Headroom television program.
Halfway Lake Provincial Park
Halfway Lake Provincial Park is a provincial park astride Ontario Highway 144 in Sudbury District in northeastern Ontario, Canada. It is operated by Ontario Parks and is named for Halfway Lake, which is entirely within the park grounds. The nearest settlement on Highway 144 is Cartier, about 25 kilometres (16 mi) to the south. The park contains more than a dozen lakes, including Antrim Lake, Bailey Lake, Benny Lake, Bittern Lake, Burnt Ridge Lake, Halfway Lake, Lodge Lake, Moosemuck Lake, Otter Lake, Raven Lake, Three Island Lake, Trapper Lake, and Two Narrows Lake. There are a mix of 221 electrical and non-electrical sites in the two campgrounds (namely Hawksnest Campground and Wild Rose Campground), 10 interior canoe-access sites located on Antrim Lake, Bailey Lake, and Trapper Lake, plus an additional five interior hike-access sites located along the Hawk Ridge Trail.

Ontario Highway 144
King's Highway 144, commonly referred to as Highway 144, is a provincially maintained highway in the northern portion of the Canadian province of Ontario, linking the cities of Greater Sudbury and Timmins. The highway is one of the most isolated in Ontario, passing through forest for the majority of its 271 km (168 mi) length. It is patrolled by the Ontario Provincial Police and features an 80 km/h (50 mph) speed limit.

Highway 144 was created by renumbering Highway 544 in April 1965. This was done in preparation for an extension of the short secondary highway from Cartier to Timmins, and was completed in 1970. In the mid-1980s, a new route was constructed which allowed Highway 144 to bypass the urban core of Sudbury, known as the Northwest Bypass.
Temporin
In elephants, temporin is the visible liquid secreted by temporal glands. It contains proteins, lipids (notably cholesterol), phenols, cresols and sesquiterpenes (notably farnesol and its derivatives). Temporin has a communicative function among elephant individuals in a group.: 101

In male elephants, temporin is secreted more during the period of musth, a period of heightened sexual arousal and dominance behavior. Of note, not all temporal gland excretions in African elephant bulls necessarily represent the musth phase.: 111  Female elephants also secrete temporin: African females secrete it quite freely, whereas Asian females secrete it in advanced stage of pregnancy or soon after calving.: 154

In old Sanskrit texts, temporin has been referred to as rut fluid (dāna, or mada) and is considered to be a symbol of potency and vigour. However, from the point of view of ancient Indian elephant science (Gajashastra), temporin is not a direct symptom of rut.

Sesquiterpene
Sesquiterpenes are a class of terpenes that consist of three isoprene units and often have the molecular formula C15H24. Like monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes may be cyclic or contain rings, including many combinations. Biochemical modifications such as oxidation or rearrangement produce the related sesquiterpenoids.  It is estimated (2006) that 3000 sesquiterpenes have been identified.
Literacy for Life Foundation
Literacy for Life Foundation is an Aboriginal Australian not-for-profit organisation focused on improving the literacy levels among Aboriginal Australians. It was formed in 2013 by three prominent Aboriginal leaders, Pat Anderson, Donna Ah Chee, and Jack Beetson, in partnership with leading international construction company Multiplex, to drive the National Aboriginal Adult Literacy Campaign across Australia.

University of New England (Australia)
The University of New England (UNE) is a public university in the New England region of the state of New South Wales, Australia. Founded in 1938, it was the first Australian university to be established outside of a state capital. Its main campus is located in the regional city of Armidale mid-way between Sydney and Brisbane. As of 2023, the university had approximately 22,000 students, of which 82.8% were online and 17.2% on campus.

In the 2019 Student Experience Survey, UNE recorded the sixth-highest student satisfaction rating out of all Australian universities, and the highest student satisfaction rating out of all public universities in New South Wales, with an overall satisfaction rating of 83.2. The university ranks lower in research-based rankings of Australian universities.
Stefan Meissner
Stefan Meissner (born 8 March 1973) is a German former professional football who played as a forward. He spent one season in the Bundesliga with VfL Wolfsburg, as well as eight seasons in the 2. Bundesliga with Eintracht Braunschweig, Wolfsburg, Karlsruher SC, and Stuttgarter Kickers. Meissner had to retire from the game in 2006 due to a cartilage injury in his knee and currently works as an assistant coach at Bayern Munich U19.

FC Bayern Munich Junior Team
The FC Bayern Munich Junior Team is the youth academy for German football club FC Bayern Munich. The Junior Team was created in 1902 and restructured in 1995. It has educated many players who have become regulars in the Bundesliga and Germany. The vision for the Junior Team is "to educate young players so that it will be possible for FCB to keep a global position in club football in the next millennium" and its mission is "to have the best youth development in club football."