hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bavarians
Bavarians are an  ethnographic group of Germans native to Bavaria, a state in Germany. The group's dialect or language is known as Bavarian, native to Altbayern ("Old Bavaria"), roughly the territory of the historic Electorate of Bavaria in the 17th century.

Like the neighboring Austrians, Bavarians are traditionally Catholic. In much of Altbayern, membership in the Catholic Church remains above 70%,
and the center-right Christian Social Union in Bavaria (successor of the Bavarian People's Party of 1919–1933) has traditionally been the strongest party in the Landtag, and also the party of all minister-presidents of Bavaria since 1946, with the single exception of Wilhelm Hoegner, 1954–1957.

Wilhelm Hoegner
Wilhelm Johann Harald Hoegner (23 September 1887 – 5 March 1980) was the second Bavarian minister-president after World War II (1945–1946 and 1954–1957), and the father of the Bavarian constitution. He has been the only Social Democrat to hold this office since 1920.
Li Bihu
Li Bihu (Chinese: 李必湖; pinyin: Lǐ Bìhú; born February 1946) is a Chinese agronomist best known for developing the hybrid rice. He was a student and assistant of Yuan Longping. He is a member of the Chinese Communist Party. He was a delegate to the 11th and 12th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party. He was a delegate to the 9th and 10th National People's Congress.

11th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party
The 11th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party was held in the Great Hall of the People, Beijing, between August 12–18, 1977, about five years before the 12th National Congress, and four years after the 10th National Congress. 1,510 delegates represented the party's estimated 35 million members.

The Congress formally declared the Cultural Revolution officially over after 11 years, ending a long chapter of Chinese history. The Gang of Four were fully criticized for their role in the revolution. However, it also affirmed the "success" of the revolution and declared that class struggle would remain the hallmark of Chinese socialism. Hua Guofeng was formally elected as Chairman of the 11th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and was elected to the chairmanship of the Central Military Commission. The Political Bureau was also renewed with new memberships when the 11th Politburo was elected as a result of the congress.
Hugh (robot)
Hugh was a prototype of an artificial intelligence robot librarian designed by William Sachiti and Ariel Ladegaard at Aberystwyth University, which was first publicized in February 2016. Hugh's intended function was to help users locate books in a library and navigate them to it. Hugh did not leave the prototyping stage and never entered into use in Aberystwyth University library.

Aberystwyth University
Aberystwyth University (Welsh: Prifysgol Aberystwyth) is a public research university in Aberystwyth, Wales. Aberystwyth was a founding member institution of the former federal University of Wales. The university has over 8,000 students studying across three academic faculties and 17 departments.

Founded in 1872 as University College Wales, Aberystwyth, it became a founder member of the University of Wales in 1894, and changed its name to the University College of Wales, Aberystwyth. In the mid-1990s, the university again changed its name to become the University of Wales, Aberystwyth. On 1 September 2007, the University of Wales ceased to be a federal university and Aberystwyth University became independent again. The annual income of the institution for 2024–2025 was £124.8 million of which £19.2 million was from research grants and contracts, with an expenditure of £130.3 million.
Foturan
Foturan (notation of the manufacturer: FOTURAN) is a photosensitive glass by SCHOTT Corporation developed in 1984. It is a technical glass-ceramic which can be structured without photoresist when it is exposed to shortwave radiation such as ultraviolet light and subsequently etched.

In February 2016, Schott announced the introduction of Foturan II at Photonics West. Foturan II is characterized by higher homogeneity  of the photosensitivity which allows finer microstructures.

Hydrofluoric acid
Hydrofluoric acid is a solution of hydrogen fluoride (HF) in water. Solutions of HF are colorless, acidic and highly corrosive. A common concentration is 49% (48–52%) but there are also stronger solutions (e.g. 70%) and pure HF has a boiling point near room temperature. It is used to make most organofluorine compounds; examples include the commonly used pharmaceutical antidepressant medication fluoxetine (Prozac) and the  material polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon). Elemental fluorine is produced from it. It is commonly used to etch glass and silicon wafers.
Awan Pur Gahora
Gahora (Urdu: گہوڑا), also known as Awan Pur, is a rural village in Pind Dadan Khan Tehsil of Jhelum District, Punjab province, Pakistan. Located on the Pothohar Plateau near the southern edge of the Salt Range, it falls under Union Council Daulatpur.

Pind Dadan Khan Tehsil
Pind Dadan Khan Tehsil (Urdu/Punjabi:  تحصیل پنڈ دادن خان) is a subdivision of Jhelum District, in Punjab, Pakistan. The tehsil's headquarter is the town of Pind Dadan Khan, located on the bank of River Jhelum, about 22 kilometres from the M2 motorway.  The tehsil is named after the town of Pind Dadan Khan, which serves as its headquarters. It lies along the Salt Range and is home to the historic Khewra Salt Mine, one of the oldest and largest salt mines in the world. The area is known for its natural resources, agriculture, and role in connecting southern parts of Punjab through regional road networks.
Ejyk Nwamba
Ejike Benedict Obiano listenⓘ known professionally as Ejyk Nwamba listenⓘ or Ogene master, is a Nigerian musician from Anambra State. One of the front men in Ogene music, a musical style which is popular in the Eastern part of Nigeria, Nwamba is regarded as the best Ogene musician in Igboland. He is the recipient of several accolades, including Artist of the Year at the 2021 Ukpor Special Awards and Best Indigenous Artist of the Year at the 2022 Anambra Legends Achievers Awards.

Ejyk Nwamba is the founder and leader of Ogene Ubo Mma Group, his musical band.

Igboland
Igbo land (Standard Igbo: Àlà Ị̀gbò) is a cultural and common linguistic region in southeastern Nigeria which is the indigenous homeland of the Igbo people. Geographically, it is divided into two sections, eastern (the larger of the two) and western. Its population is characterized by the diverse Igbo culture.: 307 : 315

Politically, Igboland is divided into several southern Nigerian states; culturally, it has included several subgroupings, including the Awka-Enugu-Nsukka, Anioma-Enuani, the Umueri-Aguleri-Anam groups, the Ngwa, the Orlu-Okigwe-Owerri communities, the Mbaise, the Ezza, Bende, the Ikwuano-Umuahia (these include Ohuhu, Ubakala, Oboro, Ibeku, etc.),  the Omuma, the Abam-Aro-Ohafia (Abiriba and Nkporo), the Waawa, the Ndoki, the Etche, the Ekpeye, and the Ogba.
St. Andrew's Church (Thunder Bay)
St. Andrew's Church is a Roman Catholic Parish church in Thunder Bay, Ontario. It was founded by the Society of Jesus in the 1872 and is a centre for ministry with the Fort William First Nation. It is situated on Connaught Square in the Port Arthur area of the city.

Port Arthur, Ontario
Port Arthur was a city in Northern Ontario, Canada, located on Lake Superior. In January 1970, it was amalgamated with Fort William and the townships of Neebing and McIntyre to form the city of Thunder Bay.

Port Arthur became the district seat of Thunder Bay District with the appointment in June 1871 of Delevan Decatur Van Norman as the district's first stipendiary magistrate. It is historically notable as a temporary (1882–1885) eastern terminus of the Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR). It served as a major transshipment point for lakers that carried cargo to Port Arthur from across the Great Lakes. CPR's completion to the east did little to affect the city's importance for shipping; the Canadian Northern Railway was constructed to serve the port, and it built numerous grain silos to supply lakers. This rail and grain trade diminished in the latter half of the 20th century.
2024 Marianas Soccer League 1
The 2024 Marianas Soccer League 1 is the 4th season of the Marianas Soccer League 1. The top-level football tournament played in the Northern Mariana Islands. It Consists of two tournaments, Spring and Fall,  that function like the Apertura and Clausura format used by Latin American leagues.

Apertura and Clausura
The Apertura ([apeɾˈtuɾa]) and Clausura ([klawˈsuɾa]) tournaments is a split season format for Spanish-speaking sports leagues. It is a relatively recent innovation for many Latin American football leagues in which the traditional association football season from August to May is divided in two sections per season, each with its own champion.  Apertura and Clausura are the Spanish words for "opening" and "closing".  In French-speaking Haiti, these are known as the Ouverture and the Fermeture, while in English-speaking Belize, they are respectively the Opening and Closing seasons. When used in the United States and Canada, they are known as the Spring Championship and Fall Championship (French: Championnat de printemps; Championnat d'automne).
Patricio Flores Sandoval
Patricio Flores Sandoval (Spanish: [paˈtɾisjo ˈfloɾes sandoˈβal]; 1 September 1951 – 18 June 2025) was a Mexican politician, broadcaster and labor leader who was affiliated with the PRI. He served as Deputy of both the LX and LXII Legislatures of the Mexican Congress, representing Jalisco, and as the director general of the Sindicato Industrial de Trabajadores y Artistas de Televisión y Radio (SITATYR) labor union from 2000 to 2025. He died on 18 June 2025, at the age of 73.

LXII Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The LXII Legislature of the Congress of the Union, the 62nd session of the Congress of Mexico, met from September 1, 2012, to August 31, 2015. It consisted of Senators and Deputies in their respective chambers. All members of both the lower and upper houses of the Congress were elected in the elections of July 2012.

Senators were elected for a six-year term during the 2012 elections, allowing them to serve in both the LXII and subsequent legislatures. Deputies, also elected in the 2012 elections, served exclusively during the LXII Legislature.

The composition of the LXII Legislature was as follows:
Huta, Rivne Oblast
Huta  (Ukrainian: Гута Polish: Huta Stepańska)  is a village in Rivne Raion, Rivne Oblast, Ukraine, but was formerly administered within Kostopil Raion. As of the year 2001, the community had 744 residents. Postal code — 35010. KOATUU code — 5623481201.

Rivne Raion
Rivne Raion (Ukrainian: Рівненський район) is a raion in Rivne Oblast in western Ukraine. Its administrative center is the city of Rivne. Population: 625,543 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Rivne Oblast was reduced to four, and the area of Rivne Raion was significantly expanded.  The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 92,981 (2020 est.).
BRT Laboratories
BRT Laboratories, Inc. is a Baltimore, Maryland-based biotechnology company that performs DNA testing. The company has three divisions: Relationship Testing, Forensics, and Clinical Services. It is a privately held, wholly owned subsidiary of Baltimore RH Typing Laboratory, Inc.

DNA profiling
DNA profiling (also called DNA fingerprinting and genetic fingerprinting) is the process of determining an individual's deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) characteristics. DNA analysis intended to identify a species, rather than an individual, is called DNA barcoding.

DNA profiling is a forensic technique in criminal investigations, comparing criminal suspects' profiles to DNA evidence so as to assess the likelihood of their involvement in the crime. It is also used in paternity testing, to establish immigration eligibility, and in genealogical and medical research. DNA profiling has also been used in the study of animal and plant populations in the fields of zoology, botany, and agriculture. DNA profiling was discovered by British geneticist Sir Alec Jeffreys in 1984 while he was working at the University of Leicester. He developed the technique of genetic fingerprinting by realizing that some regions of DNA have highly variable repetitive sequences that are unique to each individual.
Kakade
Kakade is an Indian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bandya Kakade (c. 1945–2012), Indian footballer

Kartik Kakade (born 1995), Indian cricketer

Sambhajirao Kakade (1931–2021), Indian politician

Sanjay Kakade (born 29 August 1967), Indian politician

Sham Kakade, American computer scientist

Sham Kakade
Sham Machandranath Kakade is an American computer scientist. He is a Gordon McKay Professor in Computer Science at Harvard University, with a joint appointment in the Department of Statistics. He co-founded the Algorithmic Foundations of Data Science Institute.

Kakade's research includes work on Reinforcement Learning, Tensor-Algebraic methods, and Convex optimization.

Kakade earned a bachelor's degree from Caltech and a PhD from the Gatsby Computational Neuroscience Unit at University College London. He has also served as a Principal Researcher at Microsoft Research, an assistant professor at the Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago and Wharton, and a professor at the University of Washington.
Boiled beef
Boiled beef is a historic English dish eaten by working-class people within England in Victorian England and today; it was also popular in the early 19th century in the US. Its popularity has decreased in recent years. Traditionally, cheaper cuts of meat were used; boiling makes the meat more tender than roasting. It was usually cooked with onions and served with carrots and boiled potatoes. It was not uncommon for the beef to be salted in a brine for a few days, then soaked overnight to remove excess salt before it was boiled. In other parts of England, cabbage replaced carrots.

This dish gave rise to the old Cockney song “Boiled Beef and Carrots” which used to be sung in some East London pubs when they had a pianist and singsong night.

Boiled beef is also a traditional Jewish dish served in many homes and Jewish delis. It is usually flank steak boiled and served with vegetables, broth, and sometimes matzo balls, often mislabelled as Corned beef.

Meat tenderness
Tenderness is a quality of meat gauging how easily it is chewed or cut. Tenderness is a desirable quality, as tender meat is softer, easier to chew, and generally more palatable than harder meat. Consequently, tender cuts of meat typically command higher prices. The tenderness depends on a number of factors including the meat grain, the amount of connective tissue, and the amount of fat. Tenderness can be increased by a number of processing techniques, generally referred to as tenderizing or tenderization.
Bangulzai tribe
The Bangulzai (Brahui: بنگلزی) is an ethnic Brahui tribe in the Balochistan province of Pakistan, belonging to the Sarawani branch of the Brahui tribes. The tribe inhabits Sarawan and Kacchi, and is bilingual in Brahui and Balochi.

Kacchi Plain
The Kacchi Plains (Sindhi: ڪچي ميدان, Balochi: کَچِّ سَتَیْ زَمِیمْ), also known as Kach Gandava, is a low-lying flat region in Balochistan, Pakistan separating the Bugti hills from those of Kalat, covering an area of 8,000 km2 (3,100 sq mi). The addition of the latter "Gandava" is based on the name of the town of Gandava in the present-day Balochistan, Pakistan.

Kach Gandava is driven, like a wedge, into the frontier mountain system and extends for 150 miles from Jacobabad to Sibi, with nearly as great a breadth at its base on the Sindh frontier. The soil is fertile wherever it can be irrigated by the floods brought down from the surrounding hills; but much of the central portion is sandy waste.
Collins High School
Collins High School can refer to a number of educational institutions in the United States:

Collins Academy High School in Chicago

Collins High School (Mississippi) in Collins, Mississippi

Collins High School, the former name of Oak Hill High School in Oak Hill, West Virginia

Martha Layne Collins High School in Shelbyville, Kentucky

Oak Hill High School (West Virginia)
Oak Hill High School (previously known as Collins High School) is a high school located in Oak Hill, West Virginia.  Its mascot is the Red Devil.

In 2011, the state Board of Education closed nearby Mount Hope High School and those students were transferred to OHHS. Then on September 6, 2016, a special state committee voted to split the student body of Valley High School between Riverside High School and Oak Hill, and to close Fayetteville High School and send that student body to Oak Hill.
2016 Philippine House of Representatives elections in Calabarzon
Elections were held in Calabarzon for seats in the House of Representatives of the Philippines on May 9, 2016.

The candidate with the most votes won that district's seat for the 17th Congress of the Philippines.

Biñan
Biñan (Tagalog pronunciation: [biˈɲan] or traditionally [biˈɲaŋ]), officially the City of Biñan (Filipino: Lungsod ng Biñan), is a  component city in the province of Laguna, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 584,479 people, making it the most populous city in the province of Laguna.

Biñan has become both a suburban residential community of Metro Manila and a location for some of the Philippines' largest industrial estates and export processing zones. Prior to its cityhood in 2010, Biñan was the richest municipality in the Philippines with an annual gross income of ₱677 million (US$14.383 million) and net income of ₱250 million (US$5.308 million), as of 2007 by the Commission on Audit.
Justin Onwudiwe
Justin Maxwell Onwudiwe was a Nigerian international footballer. He started playing football when he was a young boy in the 1930s. At the time football was not well organized in the country and the boys sometimes used tennis balls. He attended St Peter's CMS School, Enugu and College of The Immaculate Conception. In 1947, immediately after secondary school, he was recruited for work and play by U.G. Urion of the railway in Lagos. The Lagos Railways were a formidable group and won the Challenge Cup in 1948, 1949, 1951 and 1956. A defender, he was selected for the Nigerian team that toured the United Kingdom in 1949.

Nigeria national football team
The Nigeria national football team represents Nigeria in international men's football. Governed by the Nigeria Football Federation (NFF), they are three-time Africa Cup of Nations (AFCON) winners, with their most recent title in 2013. In February 2024, the Nigerian national football team was ranked 28th in the FIFA rankings. The team has qualified for six of the last nine FIFA World Cups, missing only the 2006, 2022 and 2026 tournaments. They have reached the round of 16 on three occasions. Their first World Cup appearance was in the 1994 edition. The team is a member of FIFA and Confederation of African Football (CAF).
Deborah Hasin
Deborah Hasin is an American psychiatric epidemiologist who works at Columbia University. Her research considers psychiatric disorders associated with drug and alcohol addiction. She is the former President of the American Psychopathological Association and College on Problems of Drug Dependence.In 2024 and 2025 Dr. Hasin worked with the reporters at the New York Times to help them understand the risks of cannabis use disorder. The report was published in the New York Times.

JAMA Psychiatry
JAMA Psychiatry (until 2013: Archives of General Psychiatry) is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal published by the American Medical Association. It covers research in psychiatry, mental health, behavioral sciences, and related fields. The journal was established as Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry in 1919, and was split into two separate journals in 1959: Archives of Neurology and Archives of General Psychiatry. In 2013, their names changed to JAMA Neurology and JAMA Psychiatry, respectively. The editor-in-chief is Dost Öngür (Harvard University, McLean Hospital).
Robyn Decker
Robyn Elizabeth Decker (born January 17, 1987) is an American soccer defender.

Decker attended Mercy High School in Middletown, Connecticut. She attended Fairfield University where she played 84 times for the Fairfield Stags between 2005 and 2008.

Fairfield University
Fairfield University is a private Jesuit university in Fairfield, Connecticut. It was founded by the Jesuits in 1942. In the fall of 2024, the university had about 5,400 full-time undergraduate students and 1,500 graduate students, including full-time and part-time students. It offers bachelor's degrees, master's degrees, and doctoral degrees through its five schools and colleges.
Magical Girl Ore
Magical Girl Ore (魔法少女俺, Mahō Shōjo Ore; "Magical Girl Me") is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Icchokusen Mōkon. It began serialization in Fusion Product's Comic Be magazine in 2012, and was collected in two tankōbon volumes. The series was renewed for serialization in the same magazine in 2014. A 12-episode anime television series adaptation animated by Pierrot+ aired from April 2 to June 18, 2018.

Ayaka Ōhashi
Ayaka Ōhashi (大橋 彩香, Ōhashi Ayaka; born September 13, 1994) is a Japanese voice actress and singer from Tokyo. She is affiliated with the talent agency HoriPro International. As a singer, she is signed under Lantis. Originally a child actress, she appeared in many commercials, dramas, NHK Educational TV programs, and stage productions. After participating in an audition sponsored by Horipro, she played her first main role as Fleur Blanc in the anime Eureka Seven AO in 2012.

She is known for her roles as Ran Shibuki in Aikatsu!, Sāya Yamabuki in BanG Dream!, and Uzuki Shimamura in The Idolmaster Cinderella Girls; as Sāya, she is a member of the band Poppin'Party as its drummer. She also performed theme songs for anime such as Masamune-kun's Revenge, and Knight's & Magic.
Propylene glycol
Propylene glycol (IUPAC name: propane-1,2-diol) is a viscous, colorless liquid. It is almost odorless and has a faintly sweet taste. Its chemical formula is CH3CH(OH)CH2OH. 
As it contains two alcohol groups, it is classified as a diol. An aliphatic diol may also be called a glycol. It is miscible with a broad range of solvents, including water, acetone, and chloroform. In general, glycols are non-irritating and have very low volatility.

For certain uses as a food additive, propylene glycol is considered as GRAS by the US Food and Drug Administration, and is approved for food manufacturing. In the European Union, it has E-number E1520 for food applications. For cosmetics and pharmacology, the number is E490. Propylene glycol is also present in propylene glycol alginate, which is known as E405.

Propylene glycol is approved and used as a vehicle for topical, oral, and some intravenous pharmaceutical preparations in the US and Europe.

IUPAC nomenclature of chemistry
IUPAC nomenclature is a set of recommendations for naming chemical compounds and for describing chemistry and biochemistry in general. The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) is the international authority on chemical nomenclature and terminology.
Manitoba Bisons women's ice hockey
The Manitoba Bisons are an ice hockey team that represents the University of Manitoba. They compete in the Canada West Universities Athletic Association in the Canadian Interuniversity Sport athletic program. Home games are contested at the Wayne Fleming Arena (located at 109 Sidney Smith St) in Winnipeg, Manitoba.

U Sports
U Sports (stylized as U SPORTS) is the national sport governing body for universities in Canada, comprising the majority of degree-granting universities in the country and four regional conferences: Ontario University Athletics (OUA), Réseau du sport étudiant du Québec (RSEQ), Canada West (CW), and Atlantic University Sport (AUS). The equivalent body for organized sports at colleges in Canada is the Canadian Collegiate Athletic Association (CCAA). Some institutions are members of both bodies for different sports.