hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vardøya
Vardøya (Norwegian), Várggáidsuolu (Northern Sami), or Vuoreansaari (Kven) is an island in Vardø Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway. The 3.7-square-kilometre (1.4 sq mi) island is the location of the town of Vardø. The island sits about 1.5 kilometres (0.93 mi) east of the mainland Varanger Peninsula. The island is connected to the mainland by the Vardø Tunnel, the first subsea tunnel that was built in Norway. The tunnel is part of the European route E75 highway, which has its terminus at the town of Vardø. The small island of Hornøya (where the Vardø Lighthouse sits) is 1.5 kilometres (0.93 mi) to the northeast of Vardøya.

European route E75
European route E 75 is part of the International E-road network, which is a series of main roads in Europe.

The E 75 starts at the town of Vardø in Norway by the Barents Sea, and it runs south through Finland, Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Serbia, North Macedonia, and Greece.  The road ends after about 4,380 kilometres (2,720 mi) (not counting ferries) at the town of Sitia on the eastern end of the island of Crete in the Mediterranean Sea, it being the most southerly point reached by an E-road. (The northernmost one is the E69.)

From the beginning of the 1990s until 2009, there was no ferry connection between Helsinki and Gdańsk. However, Finnlines started a regular service between Helsinki and Gdynia. It is also possible to take a ferry from Helsinki to Tallinn and drive along the E67 from Tallinn to Piotrków Trybunalski in Poland and then continue with the E75.
CR665
CR665 (H-D-Phe-D-Phe-D-Nle-D-Arg-NH-4-Picolyl), also known by the previous developmental code names FE-200665 and JNJ-38488502, is an all D-amino acid peptide that acts as a peripherally restricted κ-opioid receptor agonist. The selectivity for FE 200665 is 1/16,900/84,600 for the human κ, μ, and δ opioid receptors, respectively. The dose of FE 200665 required to produce motor impairment (measure of CNS penetration) was 548 times higher than the dose required for antinociceptive activity.  It is being developed for use by Cara Therapeutics under the code name CR665.

A small, blinded study was done in healthy humans to determine the analgesic effects. CR665 was dosed at 0.36 mg/kg I.V., and was compared to 15 mg oxycodone orally. CR665 had analgesic effects on visceral pain, but produced a hyperalgesic response in a skin pinch test.

Hyperalgesia
Hyperalgesia (/ˌhaɪpərælˈdʒiːziə/ or /-siə/; hyper from  Greek ὑπέρ (huper) 'over' + -algesia from Greek ἄλγος (algos) 'pain') is an abnormally increased sensitivity to pain, which may be caused by damage to nociceptors or peripheral nerves and can cause hypersensitivity to stimulus. Prostaglandins E and F are largely responsible for sensitizing the nociceptors. Temporary increased sensitivity to pain also occurs as part of sickness behavior, the evolved response to infection.
Puncetto Valsesiano
Puncetto Valsesiano (also called puncetto della Valsesia, punto avorio or simply puncetto) is a type of  needle lace originating in Valsesia, in the Piedmont region of Italy, and used for doilies and decorations on handkerchiefs and clothes. The alternative name punto avorio means 'ivory stitch', and is thought to refer to the smooth white appearance of a closely-worked lace. It is characterised by symmetrical geometric patterns, especially grids of squares.

Valsesia
Valsesia (Piedmontese: Valsesia; Walser German: Tseschrutol) is a group of valleys in the north-east of Piedmont in the Province of Vercelli, Italy; the principal valley is that of the river Sesia.

The major towns located here are Varallo Sesia,Borgosesia, Quarona and Valduggia; tourist villages include Alagna Valsesia, Rima San Giuseppe, Carcoforo and Scopello. While the valley mainly belongs to the province of Vercelli three of its comuni, namely Romagnano Sesia, Prato Sesia and Grignasco, are part of the province of Novara; however, they are not historically part of Valsesia but only geographically.
Subprefecture of Mooca
The Subprefecture of Mooca is one of 32 subprefectures of the city of São Paulo, Brazil.  It comprises six districts: Brás, Mooca, Belém, Pari, Água Rasa, and Tatuapé.

It's a historical place of the city, where much of the industrial development of the city took place. It hosts the Museum of Immigration of the State of São Paulo and the headquarters of two of the largest universities in São Paulo (Universidade São Judas Tadeu and Universidade Cidade de São Paulo). Also the headquarters of the football teams Corinthians and Clube Atlético Juventus are in this subprefecture.

Universidade São Judas Tadeu
Universidade São Judas Tadeu (USJT) is a Brazilian private, for-profit university based in São Paulo. Established in 1971 as a college offering two undergraduate courses (Business Administration and Accounting), it only officially became a university in 1989.
Metallopharmaceutical
A metallopharmaceutical is a drug that contains a metal as an active ingredient. Most commonly metallopharmaceuticals are used as anticancer or antimicrobial agents. The efficiency of metallopharmaceuticals is crucially dependent on the respective trace metal binding forms.

Examples of metallopharmaceuticals include:

bismuth subsalicylate – a mild anti-diarrheal also used in treating peptic ulcers caused by antibiotic-resistant H. pylori

cisplatin and carboplatin – platinum containing anticancer agents

gold salts such as auranofin – anti-inflammatory for treatment of arthritis

silver sulfadiazine – antibacterial

zinc pyrithione – antibacterial and antifungal

Bismuth subsalicylate
Bismuth subsalicylate, sold generically as pink bismuth and under brand names including Pepto-Bismol, Pepti-Calm, and BisBacter, is a medication used to treat temporary discomfort of the stomach and gastrointestinal tract. This includes an upset stomach, heartburn, or other similar symptoms.

Bismuth subsalicylate has the empirical chemical formula C7H5BiO4 and is obtained by reacting bismuth(III) oxide (Bi2O3) and salicylic acid (HOC6H4COOH). Most liquid formulations of bismuth subsalicylate are suspensions and therefore must be shaken before use.
Deepchand Gothi
Deepchand Laxmichand Gothi (Hindi pronunciation: [d̪iːpt͡ʃən̪d̪ ləkʃmiːt͡ʃən̪d̪ goːʈʰiː]) was an Indian politician from the state of the Madhya Pradesh.
He represented Betul Vidhan Sabha constituency of the undivided Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly by winning the 1957 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election.

1957 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election
Elections to the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly were held on 25 February 1957. 1,108 candidates contested for the 218 constituencies in the Assembly. There were 69 two-member constituencies and 149 single-member constituencies.
Baliati Iswar Chandra High School
Baliati Iswar Chandra High School (Bengali: বালিয়াটি ঈশ্বর চন্দ্র উচ্চ বিদ্যালয়) is a secondary school in Saturia Upazila, Manikganj District, Bangladesh, established in 1919. It is situated on six acres of land with two academic buildings, nine ponds, one helipad, and one play ground.

Manikganj District
Manikganj District (Bengali: মানিকগঞ্জ জেলা, romanized: Mānikgoñj Jela; Bengali pronunciation: [mɑnɪkˈɡondʒ]) is a district in central Bangladesh and part of the Dhaka Division. It was established in 1845 as a subdivision of Faridpur District, then in 1853, it was transferred to Dhaka District for administrative purposes. Finally in 1984, Manikganj was declared a full district.
Caatinga vesper mouse
The caatinga vesper mouse  (Calomys expulsus) (also known as the caatinga laucha or rejected vesper mouse) is a rodent species in the family Cricetidae from South America. It is endemic to eastern Brazil, where it is found in open savanna (cerrado) and thorny scrub (caatinga) habitats. Its karyotype has 2n = 66 and FN = 68. It was formerly synonymized with C. callosus, but the latter has 2n = 50 and FN = 66. Karyologic analysis of C. expulsus has shown that the X chromosome is large and submetacentric while the Y chromosome is either acrocentric or submetacentric. Predators include the barn owl . Sexual dimorphism in shape and size occurs; the former is present mainly before the age of 20 days. Males are smaller before age 50 days and larger thereafter, which becomes less prominent after 200 days.

X chromosome
The X chromosome is one of the two sex chromosomes in many organisms, including mammals, and is found in both males and females. It is a part of the XY sex-determination system and XO sex-determination system. The X chromosome was named for its unique properties by early researchers, which resulted in the naming of its counterpart Y chromosome, for the next letter in the alphabet, following its subsequent discovery.
Poyen, Ladakh
Poyen is a town in the Kargil district, Ladakh, in India, close to the Kargil town. It is on the right bank of Wakha Rong river near its confluence with the Suru River. The village jurisdiction includes the hamlets of Hunderman acquired from Pakistan during the Indo-Pakistan War of 1971.

Suru River (Indus)
The Suru River is a tributary of the Indus River that flows largely through the Kargil district of Ladakh, India, into Gilgit-Baltistan in Pakistan. The Suru Valley is coextensive with the Kargil tehsil, with the town of Kargil situated on its banks. The river enters the Kharmang District of Gilgit-Baltistan, coursing a brief length before joining the Indus near Marol.
Postage stamps and postal history of Malaysia
The history of postage stamps and postal history of Malaysia, a state in Southeast Asia that occupies the south of the Malay Peninsula and Sarawak and Sabah in the north Borneo, includes the development of postal services in these periods:

the sultanates as British protectorates (1874–1941, 1948–1957);

Japanese occupation during the Second World War (1941–1945);

British military administration (1945–1948); and

independence of the state (since 1957).

Malaysia has been issuing stamps after independence from the United Kingdom in 1957, first as the Federation of Malaya, then as Malaysia after 1963. The national postal operator is Pos Malaysia.

Japanese occupation of Malaya
Malaya, then under British administration, was gradually occupied by Japanese forces between 8 December 1941 and the Allied surrender at Singapore on 15 February 1942. The Japanese remained in occupation until their surrender to the Allies in 1945. The first Japanese garrison in Malaya to lay down their arms was in Penang on 2 September 1945 aboard HMS Nelson.
Flagnac
Flagnac (French pronunciation: [flaɲak]; Occitan: Flanhac) is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France.  Flagnac is home to the Château de Pagax which has been considered a historical monument since 1978. The Lot river flows directly through the commune and has historically been the source of local flooding.

Aveyron
Aveyron (French: [avɛʁɔ̃] ⓘ; Occitan: Avairon [aβajˈɾu]) is a department in the region of Occitania, Southern France. It was named after the river Aveyron. Its inhabitants are known as Aveyronnais (masculine) or Aveyronnaises (feminine) in French. The inhabitants of Aveyron's prefecture, Rodez, are called Ruthénois, based upon the first settlers in the area, the Ruteni. With an area of 8,735 square kilometres (3,373 sq mi) and a population of 279,595, Aveyron is a largely rural department with a population density of 32 people/km2 (83 people/mi2).
Peter Gray (military historian)
Air Commodore Peter W Gray FRAeS is a retired senior Royal Air Force commander and an air power studies academic.

Peter Gray began his career in the Royal Air Force as a navigator on F-4 Phantom IIs. He went on to command 101 Squadron. Gray worked for three years in the Cabinet Office and in the Ministry of Defence. Gray was then appointed Director of Defence Studies for the RAF. He retired from the Royal Air Force in June 2008. He has been a senior research fellow in Air Power Studies at the Centre for War Studies at Birmingham University since 1 September 2008. He graduated from Birmingham University with a PhD. Since 2018 he has been Professor of Air Power Studies in the University of Wolverhampton's Department of History, Politics and War Studies.

Air commodore
Air commodore (Air Cdre or Air Cmde) is an air officer rank used by some air forces, with origins from the Royal Air Force. The rank is also used by the air forces of many countries which have historical British influence and it is sometimes used as the English translation of an equivalent rank in countries which have a non-English air force-specific rank structure.

Air commodore is immediately senior to group captain and immediately subordinate to air vice-marshal. It is usually equivalent to a commodore or a brigadier/brigadier general.

The equivalent rank in the Women's Auxiliary Air Force, Women's Royal Air Force (until 1968) and Princess Mary's Royal Air Force Nursing Service (until 1980) was "air commandant".
Sail Away (Randy Newman album)
Sail Away is the third studio album by Randy Newman, released on May 23, 1972. It was produced by Lenny Waronker and Russ Titelman and issued on Reprise Records. While all of its songs were written and composed by Newman, several had already been recorded by other artists.

Lenny Waronker
Lenny Waronker (born October 3, 1941) is an American record producer and music industry executive. As the president of Warner Bros. Records, and later, as the co-founder and co-chair of DreamWorks Records, Waronker was noted for his commitment to artists and his belief that "music, not money, was still number one." In 2025, Waronker was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in the Ahmet Ertegun Award category for non-performing industry professionals.
Vittaryd
Vittaryd is a locality situated in Ljungby Municipality, Kronoberg County, Sweden with 318 inhabitants in 2010.

Several of the older houses in the centre of the village predate the industrialisation of Europe. Currently, however, economic activity is concentrated on manufacturing, with a house door factory and a car parts plant as the two largest employers.

Kronoberg County
Kronoberg County (IPA: [ˈkrûːnʊˌbærj]; Swedish: Kronobergs län) is a county or län in southern Sweden. Kronoberg is one of three counties in the province of Småland. It borders the counties of Skåne, Halland, Jönköping, Kalmar, and Blekinge. Its capital is the city of Växjö. While Kronoberg is an inland county, the southernmost fringes are about 20 kilometres (12 mi) from the coastline.
Gulch
A gulch is a deep V-shaped valley formed by erosion. It may contain a small stream or dry creek bed and is usually larger in size than a gully. Sudden intense rainfall upstream may produce flash floods in the bed of the gulch.

In eastern Canada, gulch refers to:

a narrow deep cove (Newfoundland)

a narrow saltwater channel (Nova Scotia)

Flash flood
A flash flood is a rapid flooding of low-lying areas: washes, rivers, dry lakes and depressions. It may be caused by heavy rain associated with a severe thunderstorm, hurricane, or tropical storm, or by meltwater from ice and snow. Flash floods may also occur after the collapse of a natural ice or debris dam, or a human structure such as a man-made dam, as occurred before the Johnstown Flood of 1889. Flash floods are distinguished from regular floods by having a timescale of fewer than six hours between rainfall and the onset of flooding.

Flash floods are a significant hazard, causing more fatalities in the U.S. in an average year than lightning, tornadoes, or hurricanes. They can also deposit large quantities of sediments on floodplains and destroy vegetation cover not adapted to frequent flood conditions.
Dogme language teaching
Dogme language teaching is considered to be both a methodology and a movement.  Dogme is a communicative approach to language teaching that encourages teaching without published textbooks and focuses instead  on conversational communication among learners and teacher.  It has its roots in an article by the language education author, Scott Thornbury.  The Dogme approach is also referred to as "Dogme ELT", which reflects its origins in the ELT (English language teaching) sector.  Although Dogme language teaching gained its name from an analogy with the Dogme 95 film movement (initiated by Lars von Trier) in which the directors, actors, and actresses commit a "vow of chastity" to minimize their reliance on special effects that may create unauthentic feelings from the viewers, the connection is not considered close.

Dogme 95
Dogme 95 (Danish: [ˈtʌwmə]; Danish for "Dogma 95") was a Danish avant-garde filmmaking movement founded by Lars von Trier and Thomas Vinterberg, who created the "Dogme 95 Manifesto" and the "Vows of Chastity" (Danish: kyskhedsløfter). These were rules to create films based on the traditional values of story, acting, and theme, while excluding the use of elaborate special effects or technology. It was supposedly created as an attempt to "take back power for the directors as artists" as opposed to the movie studio.

Von Trier and Vinterberg were later joined by Kristian Levring and Søren Kragh-Jacobsen, forming a group known as the Dogme 95 Collective or the Dogme Brethren. French-American filmmaker Jean-Marc Barr and American filmmaker Harmony Korine are also seen as major figures in the movement. Breaking the Waves (1996), von Trier's first film under his own production company Zentropa, became the precursor of the movement.
Johann Gerd Krüssmann
Johann Gerd Krüssmann (1910–1980) was a German dendrologist and author.

Krüssmann worked as dendrologist from 1935, and from 1946 was the owner of a nursery and part-time horticulture teacher at the Horticultural Vocational School in Wesel and the county vocational school in Dinslaken. The Ellerhoop-Thiensen Arboretum was established in 1956 by Erich Frahm, its owner, in cooperation with Krüssman.

The standard author abbreviation Krüssm. is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.

Dinslaken
Dinslaken (German pronunciation: [ˈdɪnsˌlaːkn̩] ⓘ) is a town in the district of Wesel, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is known for its harness racing track, its now closed coal mine in Lohberg and its wealthy neighborhoods Hiesfeld and Eppinghoven.
Baherove (air base)
Baherove Air Base (Ukrainian: Багерове авіабаза, Russian: Багерово авиабаза; also Bagarovo or Bagerovo) is an air base in Baherove, Crimea. It is located 3 km northwest of Baherove village, and 14 km northwest of Kerch. The airfield is an "out-of-class" airport, which can accommodate aircraft of all types. The airfield was abandoned in 1996.

Kerch
Kerch, also known as Kerich, is a city of on the Kerch Peninsula in the east of Crimea. It has a population of 147,033 (2014 Census).

Founded 2,600 years ago as the ancient Greek colony Pantikapaion, Kerch is one of the most ancient cities in Crimea. The city experienced rapid growth starting in the 1920s and was the site of a major battle during World War II.

Today, it is one of the largest cities in Crimea and is among the area's most important industrial, transport and tourist centres. As with the rest of Crimea, it has been occupied by Russian forces since the Russian annexation of Crimea in 2014.
Søren Lindsted
Søren Lindsted (born 2 February 1957) is a Danish former football player in the striker position. He started his career as a semi-professional with Holbæk Boldklub, reaching the 1976 Danish Cup final and was the team top goalscorer in 1977 and 1978. He then signed a professional contract with FC Twente in the Netherlands, playing there from 1979 to 1982. He also played for Belgian teams KFC Winterslag and RFC de Liège, before returning to Holbæk in 1985. He played a single season with KB, before ending his career with Holbæk in 1990.

In 1981, he was also involved in a large-scale movie project, Escape to Victory. In the movie he played a Danish football player and POW during World War II named Eric Ball. In the movie he gets forced to play a propaganda football match against a selected Nazi German football team in occupied France along with other POW's from a German prisoner of war camp.

Escape to Victory
Escape to Victory (or simply Victory) is a 1981 sports war film directed by John Huston and starring Sylvester Stallone, Michael Caine, Max von Sydow and Pelé. The film is about Allied prisoners of war who are interned in a German prison camp during the Second World War who play an exhibition match of football against a German team.

The film received great attention upon its theatrical release, as it starred professional footballers Bobby Moore, Osvaldo Ardiles, Kazimierz Deyna, Paul Van Himst, Mike Summerbee, Hallvar Thoresen, Werner Roth and Pelé. Numerous Ipswich Town players were also in the film, including John Wark, Russell Osman, Laurie Sivell, Robin Turner and Kevin O'Callaghan. Other Ipswich Town players stood in for actors in the football scenes – Kevin Beattie for Michael Caine, and Paul Cooper for Sylvester Stallone. Yabo Yablonsky wrote the script and the film was entered into the 12th Moscow International Film Festival.
Vanguard Automotive Group
Vanguard Automotive Group was a vehicle rental company based in Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA.

Vanguard purchased ANC Rental, owner of National Car Rental and Alamo Rent A Car. It had a fleet of nearly 300,000 vehicles, mainly from Ford and Chrysler, and operated in over 1,500 locations. In 2007, Enterprise agreed to purchase a controlling share in the company from Cerberus Capital Management. 
A sale to rival Enterprise Rent-A-Car was completed on August 1, 2007, making the combined Enterprise-Alamo-National the largest US car rental operation, ahead of The Hertz Corporation and Avis Budget Group.

Avis Budget Group
Avis Budget Group, Inc. is an American car rental agency holding company headquartered in Parsippany, New Jersey. It is the parent company of several brands including Avis Car Rental, Budget Rent a Car, Budget Truck Rental, Payless Car Rental, and Zipcar.

The company also operates several smaller, regional brands including ACL Hire, Apex Car Rentals, AmicoBlu, France Cars, Maggiore Group, MoriniRent, TurisCar and TurisPrime.

It is one of the three big rental car holding companies in the United States. 
During 2018 Avis along with 90 additional Fortune 500 companies "paid an effective federal tax rate of 0% or less" as a result of Donald Trump´s Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017. In 2021 it held a 26% market share, placing it behind both the Hertz Global Holdings and Enterprise Holdings.
Tisău
Tisău is a commune in Buzău County, Muntenia, Romania. It is composed of eleven villages: Bărbuncești, Grăjdana, Haleș, Izvoranu, Izvoru (the commune centre), Leiculești, Pădurenii, Salcia, Strezeni, Tisău, and Valea Sălciilor.

The commune is located in the western part of the county, on the border with Prahova County. It lies in the hilly area south of the Curvature Carpathians, on the banks of the Nișcov River (a right tributary of the Buzău River).

Tisău is traversed by county road DJ100H, which connects it to the east to Vernești (where it ends in national road DN10) and to the southwest to Mizil.

Ciolanu Monastery is located on the territory of the commune.

Buzău (river)
The Buzău river (Romanian pronunciation: [buˈzəw]) in eastern Romania is a tributary of the river Siret. Its total length is 302 km, and its drainage basin area is 5,264 km2. Its source is in the south-eastern Carpathian Mountains, east of Brașov. The Buzău flows through the Romanian counties Brașov, Covasna, Buzău and Brăila. It flows into the Siret in Voinești, close to its confluence with the Danube, west of Galați.

The river Buzău gives its name to two urban municipalities: the city of Buzău (the Buzău county seat) and the town of Întorsura Buzăului, in Covasna County. Întorsura Buzăului (which means Buzău's Turning in Romanian) gets its name from being located near a large turn that the river takes. It initially flows northwards, but takes a sudden turn towards the south-east near the town.