hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gold 905
Gold 905 is an English-language radio station in Singapore. Owned by the state-owned media conglomerate Mediacorp, it broadcasts a classic hits format.

The station's origins date to the beginning of regulated radio broadcasting in Singapore. It first signed on in 1937 under the call sign ZHL; as Singapore's sole radio station, it initially carried blocks of programmes in all four of the region's main languages; programming in Chinese dialects, Malay, and Tamil would gradually move to dedicated stations as Radio Singapore expanded, leaving ZHL as primarily being an English-language outlet.

It was renamed Radio 1 in 1982; by then it offered a full-service format featuring news programming and middle of the road music. In 1998, news programming was relocated to the new NewsRadio 93.8, and 90.5 relaunched under its current name as an oldies station.

All-news radio
All-news radio is a radio format devoted entirely to the discussion and broadcast of news.

All-news radio is available in both local and syndicated forms, and is carried on both major US satellite radio networks. All-news stations can run the gamut from simulcasting an all-news television station like CNN, to a "rip and read" headline service, to stations that include live coverage of news events and long-form public affairs programming.

Many stations brand themselves Newsradio but only run news during the morning and afternoon drive times, or in some cases, broadcast talk radio shows with frequent news updates. These stations are properly labeled as "news/talk" stations. Also, some National Public Radio stations identify themselves as News and Information stations, which means that in addition to running the NPR news magazines such as Morning Edition and All Things Considered, they run other information and public affairs programs.
Horehound (album)
Horehound is the debut studio album by American rock band the Dead Weather. It was released on July 10 in Australia, July 13 in Europe, and in North America on July 14, 2009. The album was recorded at Third Man Studios during a three-week session in January 2009.

The first single from the album, "Hang You from the Heavens", was released through iTunes on March 11, 2009, and on vinyl on April 18, 2009. "Treat Me Like Your Mother" was released as the second single from the album on May 25, 2009. The third single from the album was set to be "I Cut Like a Buffalo" and includes a cover of The West Coast Pop Art Experimental Band's "A Child of a Few Hours Is Burning to Death" as a B-side.

The album debuted at No. 6 on the US Billboard 200 albums chart and at No. 14 on the UK Albums Chart. As of 2010, sales in the United States have exceeded 163,000 copies, according to Nielsen SoundScan.

The Dead Weather
The Dead Weather is an American rock supergroup formed in Nashville, Tennessee, in 2009. Composed of Alison Mosshart (of the Kills and Discount), Jack White (of the White Stripes and the Raconteurs), Dean Fertita (of Queens of the Stone Age, Karen O and Iggy Pop) and Jack Lawrence (of the Greenhornes, the Raconteurs and Karen O), The Dead Weather debuted at the opening of Third Man Records' Nashville headquarters on March 11, 2009. The band performed live for the first time at the event, immediately before releasing their debut single "Hang You from the Heavens".

The band's second studio album, Sea of Cowards, was released in 2010, followed by Dodge and Burn in September 2015.
Redfin darter
The redfin darter (Etheostoma whipplei) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is native to the south-central United States, where it occurs in Missouri, Arkansas, Kansas, and eastern Oklahoma.

Gymnocephalus
Gymnocephalus is a genus of ray-finned fishes from the family Percidae, which includes the perches, pike-perches and darters. They are from the Western Palearctic area, although one species, Gymnocephalus cernua has been accidentally introduced to the Great Lakes region where it is regarded as an invasive species. They have the common name "ruffe" and resemble the true perches in the genus Perca, but are usually smaller and have a different pattern.
Ma Wan Park
Ma Wan Park is a park on Ma Wan island, New Territories, Hong Kong opened on 1 July 2007. It is operated by Sun Hung Kai Properties with investment from the Hong Kong Government. Ma Wan Island is connected to Tsing Yi Island by the Tsing Ma Bridge.

The park is billed as a tourist attraction and education centre that combines nature, learning, arts and love, with an emphasis on outdoor interactive instruction. It adjoins the Park Island apartment complex, mainly developed by Sun Hung Kai Properties as part of the Ma Wan Development joint venture project.

Admission to the Nature Garden is restricted for some schedule, else the entrance is free. Bookings are required for group visits. Exploration activities are available from 9:00 am to 1:00 pm on Mondays, Fridays and Saturdays. Registration is required and there is an admission fee.

Gold Mean Plaza

Rainbow Wall in Ma Wan Park

Sweet Garden

Gathering Plaza

Tsing Yi
Tsing Yi (Chinese: 青衣), sometimes referred to as Tsing Yi Island, is an island in the New Territories of Hong Kong, to the northwest of Hong Kong Island and south of Tsuen Wan. With an area of 10.69 km2 (4.13 sq mi), the island has been extended drastically by reclamation along almost all its natural shore and the annexation of Nga Ying Chau (牙鷹洲) and Chau Tsai. Three major bays or harbours, Tsing Yi Lagoon, Mun Tsai Tong, and Tsing Yi Bay (青衣灣) in the northeast, have been completely reclaimed for new towns.

The island is generally zoned into four quarters: the northeast quarter is a residential area, the southeast quarter is Tsing Yi Town, the southwest holds heavy industry, and the northwest includes a recreation trail, a transportation interchange and some dockyards and ship building industry. The island is in the northwest of Victoria Harbour and part of its coastline is subject to the Protection of the Harbour Ordinance.
Battle of Toverud
The Battle of Toverud or the Battles of Rakkestad and Toverud were several skirmishes fought around Toverud in Aurskog and Rakkestad in Østfold, on 19 and 20 April 1808, as a part of the Dano-Swedish War of 1808-1809. Christian August sent a larger force to cut off and destroy the scattered Swedish detachments under Gustaf Olof Lagerbring. A small Swedish force, led by Oxenstierna, managed to break through the Norwegian lines, led by Heyerdahl, at Rakkestad. Another contingent, under Axel Otto Mörner, failed to break through the lines at Toverud, under Weibye, resulting in the capture of the Swedish force—except for 13 men who managed to escape to the main army at Haneborg.

Toverud
Toverud is a farm in Aurskog in the municipality of Aurskog-Høland in Akershus county, Norway and the site of the Battle of Toverud (Slaget ved Toverud). During 1908 in connection with the centennial of the battle, the Toverud monument (Toverudstøtta) was erected at the site of the battle.
Maibara, Shiga
Maibara (米原市, Maibara-shi) is a city in Shiga Prefecture, Japan.  As of 1 September 2021, the city had an estimated population of 38,259 in 14761 households and a population density of 150 persons per km². The total area of the city is 250.39 square kilometres (96.68 sq mi).

Cities of Japan
A city (市, shi) is a local administrative unit in Japan. Cities are ranked on the same level as towns (町, machi) and villages (村, mura), with the difference that they are not a component of districts (郡, gun). Like other contemporary administrative units, they are defined by the Local Autonomy Law of 1947.
Nicolas Chevalier
Nicolas Chevalier, Baron de Grissé (1562–1630) was first president of the Cour des aides in Paris from 20 April 1610, as well as Councillor of State, superintendent of Navarre and Béarn, and twice ambassador to England.

Chevalier was the last direct male descendant of Étienne Chevalier, inheriting and augmenting his book collection and town house in the rue de la Verrerrie, as well as building up an enviable art collection.

In a speech made on 19 March 1627 he deprecated the state of France since the death of Henri IV in 1610, for which he was formally in disgrace from April 1627 to 28 March 1628.

Chevalier died 19 February 1630. His wife, Madeleine de Crevecoeur, had died the previous year, 1629. His heir was René de Longueil.

Étienne Chevalier
Étienne Chevalier (c.1410 in Melun – 1474) was a major civil servant of the French kings Charles VII and Louis XI. He is also notable for commissioning two major works by Jean Fouquet - the Melun Diptych (which he gave to the Collégiale Notre-Dame de Melun) and the Hours of Étienne Chevalier (in which he is shown twice praying before the Virgin, to whom he is presented by his patron saint Stephen).
Golfech
Golfech (French pronunciation: [ɡɔlfɛʃ]; Occitan: Golfuèg) is a commune in the Tarn-et-Garonne department in the Occitanie region in southern France.

It neighbours the larger town of Valence d'Agen and stands on the D813 road between Bordeaux and Toulouse and beside the canal de Garonne and railway that also link the cities. The D813 is classified as a departmental road in the French system. 
Formerly, this road was designated as the N113, where the N indicated that it was a national road.
The Voie Verte cycle path serves the commune from Moissac to the east and the western border of Lot-et-Garonne towards Bordeaux. It will eventually run all the way from Bordeaux to Sète. The residents of Golfech are known as Golféchois.

The Golfech Nuclear Power Plant is located in the western part of the commune.

The river Barguelonne forms most of the commune's northern and north-western borders, then flows into the Garonne, which forms all of its south-western border.

Tarn-et-Garonne
Tarn-et-Garonne (French: [taʁn e ɡaʁɔn] ⓘ; Occitan: Tarn e Garona [ˈtaɾ e ɣaˈɾunɔ]) is a department in the Occitania region in Southern France. It is traversed by the rivers Tarn and Garonne, from which it takes its name. The area was originally part of the former provinces of Quercy and Languedoc. The department was created in 1808 under Napoleon, with territory taken from the neighbouring Lot, Haute-Garonne, Lot-et-Garonne, Gers and Aveyron departments.

The department is mostly rural with fertile agricultural land in the broad river valley, but there are hilly areas to the south, east and north. The departmental prefecture is Montauban; the sole subprefecture is Castelsarrasin. In 2019, it had a population of 260,669.
Etheostoma obama
Etheostoma obama, the spangled darter,  is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is endemic to the eastern United States where it is only known to occur in the Duck River and the Buffalo River, both in Tennessee.

Perch
Perch is a common name for freshwater fish from the genus Perca, which belongs to the family Percidae of the large order Perciformes. The name comes from Greek: πέρκη, romanized: perke, meaning the type species of this genus, the European perch (P. fluviatilis).

Many species of freshwater game fish more or less resemble perch, but belong to different genera. In fact, the exclusively saltwater-dwelling red drum (which belongs to a different order Acanthuriformes) is often referred to as a "red perch", though by definition perch are freshwater species. Though many fish are referred to as perch as a common name, to be considered a true perch, the fish must be of the family Percidae.

The earliest fossil remains of Perca are known from the Middle Miocene of Ukraine.
Heath River
The Heath River, which runs from the Andes surrounding Lake Titicaca northwards to the Madre de Dios River, marks the natural border between Peru and Bolivia.

The Eja Sonene indigenous community lives in the area. They are an ethnic group belonging to either the Tacana-speaking Arawak, who migrated from the west or those of Pano origin, who originate from the lower reaches of the Madeira River.

Named for the American explorer Dr Edwin R. Heath in the 1880s, the river borders lowland savannah and rainforest.  An early expedition to explore the Heath River basin was led by the British explorer Colonel Percy Harrison Fawcett in 1910.

Madeira River
The Madeira River (Portuguese: Rio Madeira [maˈdejɾɐ]) is a major waterway in South America. It is estimated to be 1,450 km (900 mi) in length, while the Madeira-Mamoré is estimated near 3,250 km (2,020 mi) or 3,380 km (2,100 mi) in length depending on the measuring party and their methods. The Madeira is the biggest tributary of the Amazon, accounting for about 15% of the water in the basin. A map from Emanuel Bowen in 1747, held by the David Rumsey Map Collection, refers to the Madeira by the pre-colonial, indigenous name Cuyari.

The River of Cuyari, called by the Portuguese Madeira or the Wood River, is formed by two great rivers, which join near its mouth. It was by this River, that the Nation of Topinambes passed into the River Amazon.
Jeff Behrman
Jeff Behrman (born c. 1973) is an American college football coach. He is the head football coach for Bucknell University, a position he has held since 2026. He was the head football coach for Union College from 2016 to 2022 and John Carroll University from 2023 to 2025. He also coached for Clarion, Glenville State, Blackburn, Trinity (CT), Hofstra, and Stony Brook. He played college football for John Carroll as a quarterback.

John Carroll Blue Streaks football
The John Carroll Blue Streaks football program is the intercollegiate American football team for John Carroll University located in the U.S. state of Ohio. They compete in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) at the Division III level and are members of the North Coast Athletic Conference (NCAC). The team was established in 1920 and plays its home games at the 5,416 seat Don Shula Stadium. As of the 2016 season, John Carroll has won 11 conference titles, 7 in the Presidents' Athletic Conference and 4 in the Ohio Athletic Conference. Drew Nystrom serves as the interim head football coach. During the 2022 season, John Carroll celebrated its 100th season of football.
Patrick Nowlan
Patrick Nowlan (ca 1827 – 1896) was a merchant and political figure in Newfoundland. He represented Harbour Main from 1859 to 1865 and from 1873 to 1882 in the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly.

He was born in Burgeo, where he became a trader and ship owner. Nowlan married Anne Mandeville. In the 1861 general election, the results of the election were set aside following violence at the polls; Nowlan and Thomas Byrne were later declared elected by a committee of the Newfoundland assembly.

Newfoundland Colony
Newfoundland was an English, and later British, colony established in 1610 on the island of Newfoundland. That followed decades of sporadic English settlement on the island, which was at first only seasonal. Newfoundland was made a Crown colony in 1824 and a dominion in 1907. Its economy collapsed during the Great Depression. On 16 February 1934, the Newfoundland legislature agreed to the creation of a six-member Commission of Government to govern the country. In 1949, the country voted to join Canada as the province of Newfoundland.
A Homespun Vamp
A Homespun Vamp is a 1922 American silent drama film directed by Frank O'Connor and written by Harvey F. Thew and Hector Turnbull. The film stars May McAvoy, Darrell Foss, Lincoln Stedman, Josephine Crowell, Charles Stanton Ogle, Guy Oliver and Helen Dunbar. The film was released on February 12, 1922, by Paramount Pictures.

Hector Turnbull
Hector Turnbull (September 11, 1884 – April 8, 1934) was an American screenwriter and film producer. He wrote for 25 films between 1915 and 1937. He was born in Arlington, New Jersey and died in New Hope, Pennsylvania from a heart attack.
Andrew Selous
Andrew Edmund Armstrong Selous (/səˈluː/; born 27 April 1962) is a British politician who served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for South West Bedfordshire from 2001 until 2024, when the constituency was abolished. Selous stood  for the new Dunstable and Leighton Buzzard constituency however the seat was won by the Labour candidate Alex Mayer. Selous lives in Studham in the constituency of Luton South.

A member of the Conservative Party, he served as Minister of State for Prisons from 2014 to 2016 in the government of Prime Minister David Cameron.

Minister of State for Prisons, Probation and Reducing Reoffending
The Minister of State for Prisons, Probation and Reducing Reoffending (or simply Prisons Minister) is a mid-level ministerial office in the Ministry of Justice.

On 5 July 2024 James Timpson was appointed by Prime Minister Keir Starmer.
Noel Murphy (hurler)
Noel Murphy (born 1931) was an Irish hurler who played for Tipperary Senior Championship club Thurles Sarsfields. He played for the Tipperary senior hurling team for a number of seasons, during which time he usually lined out as a wing-back.

1958 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship
The All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship of 1958 was the 72nd staging of Ireland's premier hurling knock-out competition.  Tipperary won the championship, beating Galway 4–9 to 2–5 in the final at Croke Park, Dublin.
Morsicatio buccarum
Morsicatio buccarum is a condition characterized by chronic irritation or injury to the buccal mucosa (the lining of the inside of the cheek within the mouth), caused by repetitive chewing, biting, or nibbling.

Oral mucosa
The oral mucosa is the mucous membrane lining the inside of the mouth. It comprises stratified squamous epithelium, termed "oral epithelium", and an underlying connective tissue termed lamina propria. The oral cavity has sometimes been described as a mirror that reflects the health of the individual. Changes indicative of disease are seen as alterations in the oral mucosa lining the mouth, which can reveal systemic conditions, such as diabetes or vitamin deficiency, or the local effects of chronic tobacco or alcohol use.
The oral mucosa tends to heal faster and with less scar formation compared to the skin. The underlying mechanism remains unknown, but research suggests that extracellular vesicles might be involved.
Creeping normality
Creeping normality (also called gradualism, or landscape amnesia) is a process by which a major change can be accepted as normal and acceptable if it happens gradually through small, often unnoticeable, increments of change. The change could otherwise be regarded as remarkable and objectionable if it took hold suddenly or in a short time span.

American scientist Jared Diamond used creeping normality in his 2005 book Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed.  Prior to releasing his book, Diamond explored this theory while attempting to explain why, in the course of long-term environmental degradation, Easter Island natives would, seemingly irrationally, chop down the last tree:

I suspect, though, that the disaster happened not with a bang but with a whimper. After all, there are those hundreds of abandoned statues to consider. The forest the islanders depended on for rollers and rope didn't simply disappear one day—it vanished slowly, over decades.

Gradualism
Gradualism, from the Latin gradus ("step"), is a hypothesis, a theory or a tenet assuming that change comes about gradually or that variation is gradual in nature and happens over time as opposed to in large steps. Uniformitarianism, incrementalism, and reformism are similar concepts.

Gradualism can also refer to desired, controlled change in society, institutions, or policies. For example, social democrats and democratic socialists see the socialist society as achieved through gradualism.
Ax-Man Surplus
Ax-Man Surplus Stores is a chain of surplus stores in the Twin Cities metro area in Minnesota, known locally for its eclectic atmosphere and unique selection of merchandise. They specialize in industrial and scientific surplus, as well as manufacturing surplus and failed consumer products. The chain has locations in Saint Paul, Fridley, and St. Louis Park, as well as an online store.

Fridley, Minnesota
Fridley is a city in Anoka County, Minnesota, United States. Its population was 29,590 at the 2020 census. It was first settled as a place named Manomin where Rice Creek flows into the Mississippi river and the Red River Oxcart trail crosses the creek. Fridley was incorporated in 1949 as a village and became a city in 1957. It is part of the Minneapolis–Saint Paul metropolitan area as a northern "first-ring" or "inner-ring" suburb. Most of the growth in Fridley occurred between 1950 and 1970. Fridley borders Minneapolis to the southwest. Neighboring first-ring suburbs are Columbia Heights to the south and Brooklyn Center to the west, across the Mississippi River.
The Birth of Patriotism
The Birth of Patriotism is a 1917 American silent war drama film directed by E. Magnus Ingleton and starring Irene Hunt, Ann Forrest, and Leo Pierson. Based on a story by I.A.R. Wylie, it is set in England during the First World War.

I. A. R. Wylie
Ida Alexa Ross Wylie (16 March 1885 – 4 November 1959), known by her pen name I.A.R. Wylie, was an Australian-British-American novelist, screenwriter, short story writer, poet, and suffragette sympathiser who was honoured by the journalistic and literary establishments of her time, and received international recognition for her works. Between 1915 and 1953, more than thirty of her novels and stories were adapted into films, including Keeper of the Flame (1942), which was directed by George Cukor and starred Spencer Tracy and Katharine Hepburn.
Jacu-Pêssego (São Paulo Metro)
Jacu-Pêssego is a future monorail station of São Paulo Metro. It will serve Line 15-Silver, which connects the nearby neighbourhood to the Metro Line 2-Green in Vila Prudente. It will be located at Avenida Ragueb Chohfi, 4383, next to a junction with Avenida Jacu-Pêssego.

The station is the last of the 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) expansion pack of this line.

Line 2 (São Paulo Metro)
Line 2 (Green) (Portuguese: Linha 2–Verde) is one of the six lines that make up the São Paulo Metro, and one of the thirteen lines that make up the Metropolitan Rail Transportation Network. It currently runs between the Vila Madalena and Vila Prudente stations. The line is also called, and was originally known as, the Paulista Line, because it goes along much of the Avenida Paulista, one of the leading financial centers in São Paulo. Despite being the second line to be planned, it was the third to be built—the second line built was actually Line 3 (Red). This line connects the West and South-East regions.
Beale Street
Beale Street is a street in Downtown Memphis, Tennessee, which runs from the Mississippi River to East Street, a distance of approximately 1.8 miles (2.9 km). It is a significant location in the city's history, as well as in the history of blues music. Today, the blues clubs and restaurants that line Beale Street are major tourist attractions in Memphis. Festivals and outdoor concerts frequently bring large crowds to the street and its surrounding areas.

W. C. Handy
William Christopher Handy (November 16, 1873 – March 28, 1958) was an American composer and musician who referred to himself as the Father of the Blues. He was one of the most influential songwriters in the United States. One of many musicians who played the distinctively American blues music, Handy did not create the blues genre but was one of the first to publish music in the blues form, thereby taking the blues from a regional music style (Delta blues) with a limited audience to a new level of popularity.

Handy used elements of folk music in his compositions. He was scrupulous in documenting the sources of his works, which frequently combined stylistic influences from various performers.