hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Calandrinia ciliata
Calandrinia ciliata is a species of flowering plant known as fringed redmaids and red-maids. While formerly included in the Purslane family, it is now treated as a member of the family Montiaceae.

It is native to western North America from British Columbia to New Mexico and Guatemala, where it is widespread and common. It can also be found in western and southern South America, from Venezuela and Colombia through the Andean countries to southern Argentina and Chile. It has been introduced to the Falkland Islands.

In the Falkland Islands it is known by the synonym Calandrinia feltonii, and by the common name Felton's flower.  It is named after Arthur Felton, a resident of the Falkland Islands, who sent specimens of the plant in 1910 to Swedish botanist Carl Skottsberg. It nearly became extinct in the wild on the islands through overgrazing.

Extinct in the wild
A species that is extinct in the wild (EW) is one that has been categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as only consisting of living members kept in captivity or as a naturalized population outside its historic range. Classification requires exhaustive surveys conducted within the species' known habitat with consideration given to seasonality, time of day, and life cycle. Once a species is classified as EW, the only way for it to be downgraded is through reintroduction.

Not all EW species are rare. An example is the Brugmansia genus, where all seven species are widely cultivated, but none are found in the wild.
Delta App
Delta was an Indian homegrown networking and support app for the LGBT community in India. Co-founded by Ishaan Sethi.

The application is no longer available on the iOS store. Official Twitter and Instagram accounts have not been updated since 2022. The service appears to be defunct.

LGBTQ culture in India
India has a long and ancient tradition of culture associated with the LGBTQ community, with many aspects that differ markedly from modern liberal western culture.

India's LGBTQ culture has recently progressed in its cities due to the growing acceptance of the LGBTQ community in urban India in the 21st century.
Zhek
Zhek, also Zheky (Tyap: Jhyek, Hausa: Kurmin Musa) is a village community in Kachia Local Government Area, southern Kaduna State in the Middle Belt region of Nigeria. The postal code for the village is 802117.

The area has an altitude of about 2,509 feet or 764 meters. The nearest airport to the community is the Yakubu Gowon Airport, Jos, located 49 nm E.

Hausa language
Hausa (/ˈhaʊsə/; in Hausa: Harshen/Halshen Hausa listenⓘ /hawˈsa/; Ajami: هَرْشٜىٰن هَوْسَا‎) is a Chadic language spoken primarily by the Hausa people in Niger (where it is the sole official language, having replaced French in 2025) and in the northern parts of Nigeria, Ghana, Cameroon, Benin and Togo and the southern parts of Chad. It is also spoken by a significant minority in Ivory Coast and a small number of speakers in Sudan.

Hausa is a member of the Afroasiatic language family and is the most widely spoken language within the Chadic branch of that family. Hausa is tonal, using relative pitch both to distinguish words, and mark grammatical categories. Ethnologue estimated that it was spoken as a first language by some 58 million people and as a second language by another 36 million, bringing the total number of Hausa speakers to an estimated 94 million.

In Nigeria, the Hausa film industry is known as Kannywood.
Faifili Levave
Faifili Levave (born (1986-01-15)15 January 1986) is a Samoan rugby union player currently playing for the Mitsubishi Sagamihara DynaBoars in the Top League. He previously notably played for the Wellington Lions and the Hurricanes in Super Rugby. His position of choice is flanker.

Levave was born in Wellington. He attended St Patrick's College.

Levave made his provincial rugby debut at the age of 19 for Wellington. The next year, aged twenty, he made the Hurricanes wider training group. However, a pectoral strain kept him on the sidelines for most of the year. In 2007, Levave played 14 games for the Lions, including five starts at blindside flanker. Earlier in the season he played for the New Zealand U21 team.

Levave signed a two-year deal with Japanese club Toyota Verblitz in 2014, he previously played for another Japanese club in 2012 the Honda Heat.

Mitsubishi Sagamihara DynaBoars
Mitsubishi Sagamihara Dynaboars (三菱重工相模原ダイナボアーズ) also known as Mitsubishi Juko Sagamihara Rugby Club, are a Japanese rugby union team based in Sagamihara, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. The owner of this club is Mitsubishi Heavy Industries.

The club was founded in 1981. It came second in the Top East 10 league in 2004-5 and entered the Top League challenge series play-off.

The club won the Top East 11 league in 2006–07 and entered the Top League in 2007–08. The team was named Dynaboars (a conflation of "dynamic" and "boars") as part of their promotion to the Top League; however, they were demoted at the end of the season.
The Dynaboars  signed ex-Wales international and IRB World Player of the Year 2008 Shane Williams in 2012, retiring in 2014.
Muhsin ibn Ali
Muhsin ibn Ali (Arabic: المُحَسِّن بْنُ عَلِيّ), also spelled Mohsin, was the youngest son of Fatima bint Muhammad and Ali ibn Abi Talib, and thus a maternal grandson of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He was a brother of Husayn and Hasan. Controversy surrounds the fate of Muhsin as some canonical Shia sources report that Muhsin died in miscarriage, following a raid on Fatima's house led by Umar, a companion of Muhammad. Alternatively, Sunnis hold that Muhsin died in infancy of natural causes.

Kitab al-Kafi
Al-Kafi (Arabic: ٱلْكَافِي, al-Kāfī, Translated from Arabic means 'The Sufficient') is a hadith collection of the Twelver Shī‘ah tradition, compiled in the first half of the 10th century CE (early 4th century AH) by Muḥammad ibn Yaʿqūb al-Kulaynī (c. 868–941). It is one of the Four Books (Kutub al Arba'a) in Twelver Shi'i Islam.

It is divided into three sections: Uṣūl al-Kāfī, dealing with epistemology, theology, history, ethics, supplication, and the Qurʾān; Furūʿ al-Kāfī, which is concerned with practical and legal issues; and Rawdat (or Rawḍat al-Kāfī), which includes miscellaneous traditions, many of which are lengthy letters and speeches transmitted from the imams. In total, al-Kāfī comprises 16,199 narrations. It reportedly took him twenty years to finish the book.
Câmpulung
Câmpulung (also spelled Cîmpulung, Romanian pronunciation: [kɨmpuˈluŋɡ], German: Langenau, Hungarian: Hosszúmezőcode: hun promoted to code: hu , or Câmpulung Muscel) is a city in Argeș County, Muntenia, Romania. It is attested on the Fra Mauro map from 1450 as Campo longo. It is situated among the outlying hills of the Southern Carpathians, at the head of a long well-wooded glen traversed by the river Târgului, a tributary of the river Argeș.

Southern Carpathians
The Southern Carpathians (also known as the Transylvanian Alps; Romanian: Carpații Meridionali [karˈpatsij ˌmeridi.oˈnalʲ]; Hungarian: Déli-Kárpátok) are a group of mountain ranges located in southern Romania. They cover the part of the Carpathian Mountains located between the Prahova River in the east and the Timiș and Cerna Rivers in the west. To the south they are bounded by the Balkan Mountains in eastern Serbia.
Huron Towers
Huron Towers is a pair of twin apartment buildings at 2200 Fuller Court in Ann Arbor, Michigan.
 This twin apartment complex lies outside of downtown.

Huron Towers West was built in 1960, and stands at 14 floors in height. The residential high-rise includes a restaurant, retail space, and a fitness center. It is designed in the modern architectural style.

Huron Towers East is the twin of Huron Towers West, and is built identically to it. The high-rise has the same facilities as its twin, built in 1960.

SkyscraperPage
SkyscraperPage is a website for skyscraper hobbyists and enthusiasts that tracks existing and proposed skyscrapers around the world. The site is owned by Skyscraper Source Media, a supplier of skyscraper diagrams for the publication, marketing, and display industries, and is a publisher of illustrated skyscraper diagram poster products. They are based in Victoria, British Columbia.

The site has over 80,000 drawings of skyscrapers, other major macro-engineering projects, and tall structures around the world.  The scale of the drawings are one pixel per meter. The images are created using pixel art. Using these diagrams, skyscrapers and other tall structures can be compared. General information is also given about each structure if available, such as the location, the year built, the height and the number of floors.

The site also hosts a discussion forum for skyscraper enthusiasts.
Frankie Vaughan
Frankie Vaughan CBE DL (born Frank Fruim Abelson; 3 February 1928 – 17 September 1999) was an English singer and actor who became popular in the 1950s and 60s, recording more than 80 easy listening and traditional pop singles in his lifetime. He was known as "Mr. Moonlight" after his signature song "Give Me the Moonlight, Give Me the Girl". Two of Vaughan's singles topped the UK Singles Chart: "The Garden of Eden" (1957) and "Tower of Strength" (1961). He starred in several films, including a role opposite Marilyn Monroe in Let's Make Love (1960).

Easy listening
Easy listening (including mood music) is a popular music genre and radio format that was most popular during the 1950s to the 1970s. It is related to middle of the road (MOR) music and encompasses instrumental recordings of standards, hit songs, non-rock vocals and instrumental covers of selected popular rock songs. It mostly concentrates on music that pre-dates the rock and roll era, characteristically on music from the 1940s and 1950s. It was differentiated from the mostly instrumental beautiful music format by its variety of styles, including a percentage of vocals, arrangements and tempos to fit various parts of the broadcast day.

Easy listening music is often confused with lounge music, but while it was popular in some of the same venues it was meant to be listened to for enjoyment rather than as background sound.
Francisco Martínez (basketball)
Francisco "Kiko" Martínez Cordero (June 20, 1910 – December 1, 1993) was a Mexican basketball player. He competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics.

Born in Ciudad Juárez, Martínez was part of the Mexican basketball team that won the bronze medal. He played in six of the squad's matches.

Following his Olympic experience, Martínez played college basketball at New Mexico A&M University (now New Mexico State University).  He played at the school from 1936 to 1939, earning first team All-Border Conference in 1938 and 1939.  As a senior, he led the Aggies to the 1939 National Invitation Tournament in New York City.

Martínez' grandson Román Martínez also represented Mexico as a part of the 2013 FIBA Americas Championship.  Mexico won the gold medal, qualifying for the 2014 FIBA Basketball World Cup in Spain.

2013 FIBA Americas Championship
The 2013 FIBA Americas Championship for Men, later known as the FIBA AmeriCup, was the qualifying tournament for FIBA Americas, for the 2014 FIBA World Cup, in Spain. This FIBA AmeriCup tournament was held in Caracas, Venezuela, from August 30, to September 11, 2013. The top four teams qualified for the 2014 FIBA World Cup.

Mexico defeated Puerto Rico, in the final, to win their first AmeriCup title.
Clifford White
Clifford White (March 22, 1894 – death date unknown) was an American Negro league catcher in the 1910s.

A native of South McAlester, Oklahoma, White made his Negro leagues debut in 1915 with the Chicago American Giants. He went on to play for the Leland Giants the following season.

McAlester, Oklahoma
McAlester is a city in and the county seat of Pittsburg County, Oklahoma. As of the 2020 census, McAlester had a population of 18,171. The town gets its name from James Jackson McAlester, an early settler and businessman who later became lieutenant governor of Oklahoma. Known as "J. J.", McAlester married Rebecca Burney, the daughter of a full-blood Chickasaw family, which made him a citizen of the Chickasaw Nation.

McAlester is the home of the Oklahoma State Penitentiary, the former site of an "inside the walls" prison rodeo that ESPN's SportsCenter once broadcast. The prison's nickname, Big Mac, was derived from its location in the town.

McAlester is home to many of the employees of the McAlester Army Ammunition Plant. This facility makes the majority of the bombs used by the United States military. In 1998 McAlester became the home of the Defense Ammunition Center (DAC), which moved from Savanna, Illinois, to McAlester Army Ammunition Plant.
Christopher Aworth
Christopher John Aworth (born 19 February 1953) is a retired cricketer for Surrey and Cambridge University. A left-handed batsman and occasional left-arm spin bowler born in Wimbledon,
 Aworth played for Surrey's Second XI from 1971 before appearing for Cambridge against the MCC in 1972 and making his first-class debut for them against Warwickshire in 1973. In July 1974 he was selected for Surrey's First XI and debuted against Lancashire. He would play twenty-eight County Championship matches for Surrey, as well as eighteen one day games in the John Player League and Benson & Hedges Cup. He scored 67 in the semi-final of the 1976 Benson & Hedges Cup. For Cambridge he made thirty-one appearances in total. Across his first-class career, he scored 2,552 runs including three centuries. His professional career ended in 1976 with matches against the British Army.

Spin bowling
Spin bowling is a bowling technique in cricket, in which the ball is delivered relatively slowly but with rapid rotation, giving it the potential to deviate sharply after bouncing. A bowler who uses this technique is called a spinner, a spin bowler, or a slow bowler.

It is one of the two main approaches to bowling, the other being fast bowling.

A spinner may bowl with their right-arm or left-arm, and with a finger spin or wrist spin action. Therefore, there are four types of spin bowling: off spin, leg spin, left-arm orthodox spin and left-arm unorthodox spin.

The bowlers with the highest, second-highest and fourth-highest number of wickets in the history of Test cricket, Muttiah Muralitharan, Shane Warne and Anil Kumble, respectively, were spinners.
1864 United States presidential election in Indiana
A presidential election was held in Indiana on November 8, 1864, as part of the 1864 United States presidential election. The National Union ticket of the incumbent president Abraham Lincoln and the governor of Tennessee Andrew Johnson defeated the Democratic ticket of the former commanding general of the United States Army George B. McClellan and the U.S. representative from Ohio's 1st congressional district George H. Pendleton. Lincoln defeated McClellan in the national election with 212 electoral votes.

Ohio's 1st congressional district
Ohio's 1st congressional district is represented by Democrat Greg Landsman. The district includes the city of Cincinnati,  all of Warren County and borders the state of Kentucky. This district was once represented by President William Henry Harrison. After redistricting in 2010, the district was widely seen as heavily gerrymandered by state Republicans to protect the incumbent, Steve Chabot. Chabot lost the seat in 2022 to Landsman, after redistricting unified the city of Cincinnati into the district. The city was previously split between the 1st and 2nd districts.

The district is somewhat more Democratic than its predecessor even though it includes heavily Republican Warren County. Previous iterations of the district (before 2013) did not include Warren County. However, Hamilton County has double Warren County's population, creating a marginally Democratic seat.
Flutter Island
Flutter Island is an irregular-shaped island, almost cut in two, lying in Prydz Bay between Trigwell Island and Breidnes Peninsula, near the Vestfold Hills of Antarctica. It was first mapped from air photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition (1936–37) as two islands. It was remapped as a single island by the Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions (1957–58) and named for Maxwell J. Flutter, officer in charge at Davis Station in 1958.

Davis Station
Davis Station, commonly called Davis, is one of three permanent bases and research outposts in Antarctica managed by the Australian Antarctic Division (AAD). Davis is situated on the coast of Cooperation Sea in Princess Elizabeth Land, Ingrid Christensen Coast in the Australian Antarctic Territory, a territory claimed by Australia. Davis lies in an Antarctic oasis, a mostly ice-free area known as the Vestfold Hills.

Davis was named in honour of Captain John King Davis.

Davis was listed on the Register of the National Estate on 26 October 1999 and has been included on the Commonwealth Heritage List as an indicative place, due to the condition of buildings and structures that varies from no longer exists/demolished due to poor condition, through to very good condition.
Elfe
The Elfe was a French automobile, manufactured in Lavallois, Paris, from 1919 until about 1925 by Ateliers Defrance Freres.  The company was founded by M. Eugene Mauve, who was also the instigator of the Bol d'Or race for cyclecars and latterly motorcycles, now held at the Le Mans circuit in France. During its brief life, the company entered numerous races, under various names including ELFE, Elfe-Anzani, Elfe-DeFrance and Mauve.

Bol d'Or
The Bol d’Or is a 24-hour endurance race for motorcycles, held annually in France. The race is part of the FIM Endurance World Championship. The riding of each bike is now shared by a team of three riders.
2024 Tour de France Femmes, Stage 1 to Stage 8
The 2024 Tour de France Femmes (officially Tour de France Femmes avec Zwift) was the third edition of the Tour de France Femmes. The race took place from 12 to 18 August and was the 22nd race in the 2024 UCI Women's World Tour calendar. The race was organised by the Amaury Sport Organisation (ASO), which also organises the men's Tour de France.

Valkenburg aan de Geul
Valkenburg aan de Geul (Dutch: [ˈvɑlkə(m)bʏr(ə)x aːn də ˈɣøːl] ⓘ; Limburgish: Valkeberg [ˈvɑl˦əkəˌbæʀ˦əx] ⓘ) is a municipality situated in the southeastern Dutch province of Limburg. The name refers to the central town in the municipality, Valkenburg, and the small river Geul passing through it.
RusHydro
RusHydro (previous name: Hydro-OGK, Russian: РусГидро) is a Russian hydroelectricity company. As of early 2012, it had a capacity of 34.9 gigawatts. In late 2009, it was the world's second-largest hydroelectric power producer and is the country's largest power-generating company and the largest successor to RAO UES. The partly government-owned conglomerate underwent a major consolidation beginning in July 2007. As of 2011, the head of the company was Evgeny Dod. Its head office is in Obruchevsky District, South-Western Administrative Okrug, Moscow. In 2021, the company's revenue amounted to 190 billion rubles.

South-Western Administrative Okrug
South-Western Administrative Okrug (Ю́го-За́падный администрати́вный о́круг, Yugo-Zapadny administrativny okrug), or Yugo-Zapadny Administrative Okrug, is one of the twelve high-level territorial divisions (administrative okrugs) of the federal city of Moscow, Russia. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 1,362,751, up from 1,179,211 recorded during the 2002 Census.
Timiryazevo, Novousmansky District, Voronezh Oblast
Timiryazevo (Russian: Тимирязево) is a rural locality (a settlement) and the administrative center of Timiryazevskoye Rural Settlement, Novousmansky District, Voronezh Oblast, Russia. The population was 750 as of 2010. There are 11 streets.

Novousmansky District
Novousmansky District (Russian: Новоу́сманский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-two in Voronezh Oblast, Russia. It is located in the north of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,247 square kilometers (481 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Novaya Usman. Population: 786,930 (2021 Census); 73,034 (2010 Census); 64,275 (2002 Census); 64,182 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Novaya Usman accounts for 42.0% of the district's total population.
Tragopogon miscellus
Tragopogon miscellus, the Moscow salsify, is a species native to the States of Washington and Idaho. Intensive studies over the course of many years have demonstrated that it originated as an allopolyploid hybrid between T. dubius  and T. pratensis, both of which are European species naturalized in the US. Tragopogon miscellus has become established in the wild, reproducing by its own, thus deserving recognition as a species.

Tragopogon miscellus is an herb up to 150 cm (60 inches) tall. Leaves are slightly tomentose when young, nearly glabrous when mature, with a tip that is recoiled (curved backwards). Flowers are yellow.

Glabrousness
Glabrousness (from Latin  glaber 'bald, hairless, shaved, smooth, etc.') is the technical term for a lack of hair, down, setae, trichomes, or other such covering. A glabrous surface may be a natural characteristic of all or part of a plant or animal, or be due to loss because of a physical condition, such as alopecia universalis in humans, which causes hair to fall out or not regrow.
Susan Lee
Susan Lee, Sue Lee, Susie Lee, or Suzanne Lee  could refer to:

Susan C. Lee (born 1954), American politician

Sue French-Lee (born 1960), Canadian long-distance runner

Susan Lee (rowing) (born 1966), Australian rowing coxswain

Susie Lee (born 1966), American politician

Suzanne Lee (born 1970), American fashion designer

Sunny (singer) (Susan Soonkyu Lee) (born 1989), Korean-American singer

Susan Lee (politician)
Susan Clair Lee (Chinese: 李鳳遷; pinyin: Lǐ Fèngqiān; born May 14, 1954) is an American politician. She has served as the 72nd Maryland Secretary of State since 2023. She was a member of the Maryland State Senate from 2015 to 2023, and of the Maryland House of Delegates from 2002 to 2015. She represented District 16, covering parts of Montgomery County, and was the first Asian American elected to the Maryland State Senate, as well as the first Asian American woman and first Chinese American elected to the Maryland legislature.
House of Antelminelli
The House of Antelminelli was a noble family from Lucca. The family was involved in the struggle between the Guelph and the Ghibellini parties in Tuscany.  The leader of the family in the early 14th century was Castruccio Castracani a famous Ghibelline leader. Serving under the Ghibelline chief, Uguccione della Faggiuola, he was elected lord (as lifelong consul) of Lucca on June 12, 1316, displacing  the Quartigiani family, and was appointed Duke of Lucca, Pistoia, Volterra and Luni by emperor Frederick of Austria. In the following generation the power of the family collapsed in the general success of the Guelfs.

Luni, Italy
Luni is a comune (municipality) in the province of La Spezia, in the easternmost end of the Liguria region of northern Italy. It was founded by the Romans as Luna. It gives its name to Lunigiana, a region spanning eastern Liguria and northern Tuscany (province of Massa-Carrara).

The commune was known as Ortonovo (from the name of one of its current frazioni) until April 2017. It is now named after the frazione of Luni.