hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Druhanov
Druhanov is a municipality and village in Havlíčkův Brod District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.

Druhanov lies approximately 16 kilometres (10 mi) north-west of Havlíčkův Brod, 36 km (22 mi) north of Jihlava, and 84 km (52 mi) south-east of Prague.

Vysočina Region
The Vysočina Region (IPA: [ˈvɪsotʃɪna]; Czech: Kraj Vysočina) is an administrative unit (Czech: kraj) of the Czech Republic. Its capital is Jihlava.

The region is located in the central part of the country. It is one of just three in the country (the others being Prague and the Central Bohemian Region) which does not have a border with a foreign country.

The Vysočina Region is home to three UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the most in any region in the Czech Republic.
Mashonaland cricket team
The Mashonaland cricket team was a first-class cricket team representing the Mashonaland province in Zimbabwe. They competed in the Logan Cup from 1994 until the format was revamped in 2007. James Kirtley played for Mashonaland during the 1996/1997 season. Andy Flower played for Mashonaland in 1994, 1995 and 2003.

The club played most of its home games at the Harare Sports Club ground.

James Kirtley
Robert James Kirtley (born 10 January 1975) is a former English Test cricketer. He is a right arm fast medium bowler and a right hand batsman. After prep school at St. Andrews School, Eastbourne, he was educated at Clifton College.

Kirtley is perhaps best known for taking a spectacular catch in a One Day International against India at Lord's. Simon Hughes rated it as the fifth greatest catch of all time.
Ross Warren
Ross Warren was an Australian journalist for WIN Television who was killed as part of the Gay Gang Murders on 22 July 1989. Having disappeared after a night out with friends on Oxford Street, Warren's car was discovered outside Marks Park, Sydney, a popular gay beat.  His car keys were found two days later at the bottom of the adjoining cliffs. Police initially theorised that Warren had faked his own disappearance, concluding after four days that he had accidentally fallen into the sea. A search was undertaken, however his body was never recovered. In 2005, the case was recategorised as a homicide, the previous investigation being described as "grossly inadequate" and "shameful" by the deputy coroner Jacqueline Milledge. Today his murder is seen as one of many slayings and hate-crimes committed on the cliffs of Marks Park in the 1980s and 1990s. His name is listed on a memorial to the victims of these crimes located at the site.

WIN Television
WIN Television is an Australian television network owned and operated by WIN Corporation that is based in Wollongong, New South Wales. WIN commenced transmissions on 18 March 1962 as a single television station covering the Wollongong region. The WIN Network has since grown to cover much of regional Australia. The network's name, WIN, originates from its first station, Wollongong's WIN-4.

WIN has a programme supply agreement with metropolitan broadcaster Nine Network, covering its stations in Regional Queensland, Southern and Western New South Wales, Griffith, Regional Victoria, Mildura, Tasmania, Eastern South Australia, and Regional Western Australia. WIN also produces and broadcasts weeknight half-hour local news bulletins across its Queensland, southern New South Wales, Victoria, and Tasmania markets as WIN News.
Mouzadar
The term Mouzadar refers to a person who takes tax of a mouza (revenue collection unit). Historically, they were influential hereditary aristocratic nobility figures in Assam's socio-political landscape during the feudal era during the Kamarupa Kingdom to the Ahom Dynasty; similar to small kings. These mighty landlords played essential roles in administration and governance, maintaining their significance until fall of the British colonial rule.

Ahom dynasty
Ahom dynasty (1228–1826 A.D.) and (1833–1838 A.D.) ruled the Ahom Kingdom in present-day Assam, India for nearly 600 years. The dynasty was established by Sukaphaa, a Shan prince of Mong Mao (present-day Shan State, Myanmar) who came to Assam after crossing the Patkai mountains. The rule of this dynasty ended with the Burmese invasion of Assam and the subsequent annexation by the British East India Company following the Treaty of Yandabo in 1826.

In external medieval chronicles the kings of this dynasty were called Asam Raja, whereas the subjects of the kingdom called them Chaopha, or Swargadeo (in Assamese).
Haw River State Park
Haw River State Park is a 1,485-acre (601 ha) North Carolina state park in Guilford and Rockingham counties, North Carolina in the United States. Opened in 2003, the state park houses the Summit Environmental Education Center and has limited recreational opportunities. It is located off North Carolina Highway 150 in Browns Summit.

North Carolina Highway 150
North Carolina Highway 150 (NC 150) is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of North Carolina.  It serves the Foothills and Piedmont Triad areas of the state, connecting the cities of Shelby, Mooresville, Salisbury and Winston-Salem.
Whim Creek copper mine
The Whim Creek Copper Mine is a copper oxide mine, located  in the City of Karratha in the Pilbara region of Western Australia.

In 2019, the mine was found to have caused pollution of the Balla Balla River with heavy metals.

Malachite
Malachite (/ˈmæl.əˌkaɪt/) is a copper carbonate hydroxide mineral, with the formula Cu2CO3(OH)2. This opaque, green-banded mineral crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system, and most often forms botryoidal, fibrous, or stalagmitic masses, in fractures and deep, underground spaces, where the water table and hydrothermal fluids provide the means for chemical precipitation. Individual crystals are rare, but occur as slender to acicular prisms. Pseudomorphs after more tabular or blocky azurite crystals also occur.
Fuella
Fuella is a red wine grape that is grown primarily in the Bellet region near Nice. It is considered one of the oldest vines in southeastern France and produces wines that are deep colored and reflective of their terroir. It is often made into rosés.

Terroir
Terroir (/tɛrˈwɑːr/; French: [tɛʁwaʁ] ⓘ; from terre, lit. 'lands') is a French term used to describe the environmental factors that affect a crop's phenotype, including unique environment contexts, farming practices and a crop's specific growth habitat. Collectively, these contextual characteristics are said to have a character; terroir also refers to this character.

Some artisanal crops and foods for which terroir may apply include wine, cheese, coffee, single malt whisky, onions, and tea.

Terroir is the basis of the French wine appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) system, which is a model for wine appellation and regulation in France and around the world. The AOC system presumes that the land from which the grapes are grown imparts a unique quality that is specific to that growing site (the plants' habitat). The extent of terroir's significance is debated in the wine industry.
1998 DFB-Ligapokal final
The 1998 DFB-Ligapokal final decided the winner of the 1998 DFB-Ligapokal, the 2nd edition of the reiterated DFB-Ligapokal, a knockout football cup competition.

The match was played on 8 August 1998 at the BayArena in Leverkusen. Bayern Munich won the match 4–0 against VfB Stuttgart for their 2nd title.

DFL-Ligapokal
The DFL-Ligapokal (German: [ˈdeː ʔɛf ɛlː liːgaːpoˈkaːl], officially Premiere Ligapokal [pʁəmiːeːʁə liːgaːpoˈkaːl], previously DFB-Ligapokal [ˈdeː ʔɛf beː liːgaːpoˈkaːl]) or the German League Cup was a German football competition that took place before the start of the Bundesliga season, featuring the top five teams of the previous Bundesliga season and the winners of the DFB-Pokal in Germany. The cup was known as the Premiere-Ligapokal after 2005, when Premiere, a German pay television network, took up sponsorship of the competition. The Ligapokal was not held in 2008 due to schedule crowding caused by the UEFA Euro 2008. Instead, the German Supercup was held on 23 July. The Ligapokal was not held in 2009 either, due to the German Football Association's decision to abolish it. In the final edition of the Ligapokal in 2007, the fifth-placed Bundesliga team (Bayer Leverkusen) was dropped from the competition, replaced by the winner of the 2. Bundesliga (Karlsruhe).
Ministry of Interior (Republika Srpska)
The Ministry of Interior of Republika Srpska (Serbo-Croatian: Министарство унутрашњих послова Републике Српске (МУП РС) / Ministarstvo unutrašnjih poslova Republike Srpske (MUP RS)) is the interior ministry of Republika Srpska, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina..

Confederal entities of Bosnia and Herzegovina
The confederal entities of Bosnia and Herzegovina – the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FBiH) and Republika Srpska (RS) – were created by the Dayton Agreement in December 1995. The condominium of the two entities, the Brčko District, was established in 1999.

The vast majority of the population in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina is Bosniaks and Croats. In contrast, in Republika Srpska, the vast majority are Serbs. Due to the entities' significant power and political differences, Bosnia and Herzegovina is described as a confederation.
Horndeski's theory
Horndeski's theory is the most general theory of gravity in four dimensions whose Lagrangian is constructed out of the metric tensor and a scalar field and leads to second order equations of motion. The theory was first proposed by Gregory Horndeski in 1974 and has found numerous applications, particularly in the construction of cosmological models of Inflation and dark energy. Horndeski's theory contains many theories of gravity, including general relativity, Brans–Dicke theory, quintessence, dilaton, chameleon particle and covariant Galileon as special cases.

Scalar field
In mathematics and physics, a scalar field is a function associating a single number to each point in a region of space – possibly physical space. The scalar may either be a pure mathematical number (dimensionless) or a scalar physical quantity (with units).

In a physical context, scalar fields are required to be independent of the choice of reference frame. That is, any two observers using the same units will agree on the value of the scalar field at the same absolute point in space (or spacetime) regardless of their respective points of origin.  Examples used in physics include the temperature distribution throughout space, the pressure distribution in a fluid, and spin-zero quantum fields, such as the Higgs field.  These fields are the subject of scalar field theory.
2024 Big South Conference men's soccer tournament
The 2024 Big South Conference men's soccer tournament was the postseason men's soccer tournament for the Big South Conference held from November 6 to November 16, 2024. The tournament was hosted on the campus of the higher seed each game. The six-team single-elimination tournament consisted of three rounds based on seeding from regular season conference play. High Point were the defending champions. They were the top seed in the tournament but were unsuccessful in defending their tournament title. They were defeated by Gardner–Webb 2–1 in the Final. The conference tournament title was the first for the Gardner–Webb men's soccer program since joining the Big South in 2008. The title was also the first for head coach Scott Wells.  As tournament champions, Gardner–Webb earned the Big South's automatic berth into the 2024 NCAA Division I men's soccer tournament.

High Point Panthers men's soccer
The High Point Panthers men's soccer team is the soccer team that represents High Point University in High Point, North Carolina, United States. The school's team currently competes in the Big South Conference.
Siberian Light Aviation Flight 42
Siberian Light Aviation Flight 42 was a domestic Russian scheduled passenger flight from Kedrovy to Tomsk, both in Tomsk Oblast in Siberia. On 16 July 2021, the Antonov An-28 operating the flight suffered icing in the engines leading to a dual engine failure 10 minutes into the flight and crash landed in a remote area in the Vasyugan Swamp in the Bakcharsky District.  The pilot suffered a broken leg requiring surgery, but all of the remaining passengers and crew escaped with only minor injuries. An investigation ultimately concluded that the pilots of the aircraft had not activated the anti-icing system, which led to an accumulation of ice, resulting in engine failure. Initially praised as a hero for his handling of the incident, the captain of the flight was ultimately criminally charged for violating safety protocols, leading to the crash.

Interstate Aviation Committee
The Interstate Aviation Committee (IAC; Russian: Межгосударственный авиационный комитет, МАК) is an executive body of the  Civil Aviation and Airspace Use Council of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) and was formed in 1991 according to the Civil Aviation and Airspace Use Multilateral Agreement, signed on 25 December 1991.
Maleylacetate reductase
In enzymology, maleylacetate reductase (EC 1.3.1.32) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

The two substrates of this enzyme are 3-oxoadipic acid, and oxidised nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). Its products are maleylacetic acid, reduced NADH, and a proton. The enzyme can use nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate as an alternative cofactor.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-CH group of donor with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is 3-oxoadipate:NAD(P)+ oxidoreductase. This enzyme is also called maleolylacetate reductase.  This enzyme participates in 3 metabolic pathways: gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane degradation, benzoate degradation via hydroxylation, and 1,4-dichlorobenzene degradation.

Benzoate degradation via hydroxylation
Benzoate degradation via hydroxylation is an enzyme-catalyzed, bacterial chemical reaction. Benzoate is degraded aerobically and anaerobically. Aerobic degradation forms catechol. Anaerobic degradation forms cyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonylCoA. A hybrid degradation forms Acetyl-CoA and Succinyl-CoA.
Collision frequency
Collision frequency describes the rate of collisions between two atomic or molecular species in a given volume, per unit time. In an ideal gas, assuming that the species behave like hard spheres, the collision frequency between entities of species A and species B is

where

is the number of A particles in the volume,

is the number of B particles in the volume,

is the collision cross section, the "effective area" seen by two colliding molecules (for hard spheres, , where  is the radius of A, and  is the radius of B),

is the Boltzmann constant,

is the thermodynamic temperature,

is the reduced mass of A and B particles.

Reduced mass
In physics, reduced mass is a measure of the effective inertial mass of a system with two or more particles when the particles are interacting with each other. Reduced mass allows the two-body problem to be solved as if it were a one-body problem. Note, however, that the mass determining the gravitational force is not reduced. In the computation, one mass can be replaced with the reduced mass, if this is compensated by replacing the other mass with the sum of both masses. The reduced mass is frequently denoted by  (mu), although the standard gravitational parameter is also denoted by  (as are a number of other physical quantities). It has the dimensions of mass, and SI unit kg.

Reduced mass is particularly useful in classical mechanics.
William Metcalf (manufacturer)
William Metcalf (3 September 1838 – 5 December 1909) was an American steel manufacturer.

Metcalf was born at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and graduated from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. Troy, New York, in 1858. In 1860–65, he had charge of the manufacture of the heavy Rodman and Dahlgren guns at the Fort Pitt Foundry in Pittsburgh, where most of the heavy artillery used by the Federal government during the Civil War was made.

After 1868 he was engaged continuously in steel manufacturing, and in 1897 he organized the Braeburn Steel Company, of which he was the head until his death.  He is credited with having made the first crucible steel in America.  In 1881 he served as president of the American Institute of Mining Engineers and in 1893 he held the presidency of the American Society of Civil Engineers.  He published  Steel – A manual for Steel-Users (1896).

He died in Pittsburgh on December 5, 1909.

Fort Pitt Foundry
The Fort Pitt Foundry was a nineteenth-century iron foundry in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.  It was originally established at Fifth Avenue and Smithfield Street in 1804 by Joseph McClurg, grandfather of Joseph W. McClurg, and his son Alex McClurg, father of bookseller and general Alexander C. McClurg. It was later moved to the area of Pittsburgh now known as the Strip District at 12th and Etna.  It was an early producer of ordnance for the United States, and manufactured cannonballs for Commodore Oliver Hazard Perry's forces in the War of 1812.  It was best known for the manufacture of large cannon.  One of the largest was a 20 inch bore Rodman Gun, a large black powder, smoothbore, muzzle-loading coastal defense gun.

The foundry was closed after the Civil War ended.  It was eventually sold to a rival in 1878.
Gamasolaelaps
Gamasolaelaps is a genus of mites belonging to the family Veigaiidae. Males of this genus can be distinguished from other members of the family by the lack of spurs on the second pair of legs and the fact the sclerotized shields on the underside of the body are never fused together. Females are more difficult to diagnose, a high powered microscope being required.

Mite
Mites are small arachnids (eight-legged arthropods) of two large orders, the Acariformes and the Parasitiformes, which were historically grouped together in the subclass Acari. However, most recent genetic analyses do not recover the two as each other's closest relative within Arachnida, rendering the group invalid as a clade. Most mites are tiny, less than 1 mm (0.04 in) in length, and have a simple, unsegmented body plan. The small size of most species makes them easily overlooked; some species live in water, many live in soil as decomposers, others live on plants, sometimes creating galls, while others are predators or parasites. This last type includes the commercially destructive Varroa parasite of honey bees, as well as scabies mites of humans. Most species are harmless to humans, but a few are associated with allergies or may transmit diseases.

The scientific discipline devoted to the study of mites is called acarology.
Acklington
Acklington is a small village in Northumberland, England. It is situated to the south-west of Amble, inland from the North Sea coast. It is served by Acklington railway station. The name is Anglo-Saxon Old English meaning 'farmstead of Eadlac's people'.

Acklington won the title of Northumberland Village of the Year in 2007. It has a parish church, St John the Divine, and a Church of England primary school.

To the north of Acklington is Morwick Hall, a Grade II listed Georgian house. It was built by the Grey family of Howick; in the 1850s it was owned by William Linskill, a former High Sheriff of Northumberland.

A World War II FW3/22 pillbox is located near the B6345.

A dam was constructed on the River Coquet in 1776, causing problems for the river's salmon population. Many years later, the eccentric naturalist Frank Buckland erected a sign directing the salmon to another stream.

Earl Grey
Earl Grey is a title in the peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1806 for General Charles Grey, 1st Baron Grey. In 1801, he was given the title Baron Grey of Howick in the County of Northumberland, and in 1806 he was created Viscount Howick in the County of Northumberland, at the same time as he was given the earldom. A member of the prominent Grey family of Northumberland, Earl Grey was the third son of Sir Henry Grey, 1st Baronet of Howick (see below).
Un ragazzo una ragazza
"Un ragazzo una ragazza" (transl. "A boy a girl") is a song by Italian rock band The Kolors, released on 7 February 2024 through Warner.

The song competed in the 74th Sanremo Music Festival, Italy's musical festival which doubles also as a selection of the act for Eurovision Song Contest, where it placed 16th in the grand final.

Sanremo Music Festival 2024
The Sanremo Music Festival 2024 (Italian: Festival di Sanremo 2024), officially the 74th Italian Song Festival (74º Festival della canzone italiana), was the 74th edition of the annual Sanremo Music Festival, a television song contest held at the Teatro Ariston of Sanremo, organised and broadcast by Radiotelevisione italiana (RAI). It was held between 6 and 10 February 2024, and presented for the fifth and final time in a row by Amadeus, who also served as the artistic director for the competition. The festival was won by Angelina Mango with "La noia", earning her the right to represent Italy in the Eurovision Song Contest 2024.
Col des Montets
Col des Montets (elevation 1,461 m or 4,793 ft) is a mountain pass in the French Alps in the Haute-Savoie department of France. It is on the road between Chamonix, the Swiss Col de la Forclaz and Martigny in the canton of Valais, Switzerland.

The pass is generally open in winter, but it can be closed in extreme weather and frequently requires snow chains and/or winter tires. Conditions can be checked with Chamonix tourist office. The railway tunnel of the Saint-Gervais–Vallorcine railway
has been modified to also carry road traffic on a convoy basis between trains when the pass is closed.

Elizabeth Robins Pennell bicycled through the pass in the 1890s.

The pass appeared in the Tour de France five times from 1959 to 1977: Charly Gaul was the first rider to cross the pass in 1959.

French Alps
The French Alps are the portions of the Alps mountain range that stand within France, located in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes and Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur regions. While some of the ranges of the French Alps are entirely in France, others, such as the Mont Blanc massif, are shared with Switzerland and Italy.

At 4,808 metres (15,774 ft), Mont Blanc, on the France–Italy border, is the highest mountain in the Alps, and the highest Western European mountain.

Notable towns in the French Alps include Grenoble, Chamonix, Annecy, Chambéry, Évian-les-Bains and Albertville.

The French Alps  will be the fourth location in France to host the Winter Olympics in 2030, following those held in Albertville in 1992, Grenoble in 1968, and the very first in Chamonix in 1924.
A Tori Kelly Christmas
A Tori Kelly Christmas is the first Christmas album and the fourth studio album, by American singer Tori Kelly. It was released on October 30, 2020, through Schoolboy and Capitol Records. It is Kelly's first Christmas album, and was executively produced by Kelly, Babyface, and Scooter Braun. The album contains cover versions of Christmas standards such as "All I Want for Christmas is You" and "Let It Snow! Let It Snow! Let It Snow!" alongside original songs which incorporate R&B elements.

A Tori Kelly Christmas received generally positive reviews from music critics, who praised the album's musical style and Kelly's vocals, comparing the latter to Mariah Carey. However, some critics felt the original songs did not reach the same standard as Kelly's covers. The album debuted at number 17 on the Billboard Top Holiday albums and received a Grammy Award nomination for Best Traditional Pop Vocal Album in 2021.

Schoolboy Records
Schoolboy Records is an American record label established in 2007 by Scooter Braun, as an imprint of Universal Music Group's Republic Records.

Schoolboy Records' first success was with Asher Roth's 2009 single, "I Love College," along with his debut album, Asleep in the Bread Aisle. The label saw further success with Carly Rae Jepsen, whose 2011 single,"Call Me Maybe," peaked atop the Billboard Hot 100. The label saw its furthest success international success with Korean rapper Psy, whose 2012 single, "Gangnam Style," peaked multiple international charts.