hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fissurina duplomarginata
Fissurina duplomarginata is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichen in the family Graphidaceae. Found in Singapore, it was formally described as a new species in 2015 by Gothamie Weerakoon and Robert Lücking. The type specimen was collected by the first author from a low-elevation primary forest in the Bukit Timah Nature Reserve. It is only known to occur at the type locality. The greenish-grey thallus of the lichen is 25–75 μm thick, and covers an area of up to 5 cm (2 in) in diameter. It lacks a prothallus, soredia, and isidia. The photobiont partner is a member of the green algal genus Trentepohlia with yellowish-green cells measuring 8–14 by 6–9 μm; they occur in the lichen as a layer that is 20–60 μm thick. The species epithet refers to the double margin of the lirellae.

Bukit Timah Nature Reserve
The Bukit Timah Nature Reserve (abbreviation: BTNR) is a nature reserve near the geographic centre of Singapore. It is located on the slopes of Bukit Timah Hill, the country's highest natural peak standing at approximately 165 metres (541 ft), and includes parts of the surrounding area within the planning area of Bukit Panjang. The nature reserve sits about 15 kilometres (9.3 miles) north-west from the Central Area, Singapore's city-centre, and is roughly 2 km2 (0.77 sq mi) in size.

Together with the neighbouring Central Catchment Nature Reserve (CCNR) in close proximity, it houses over 840 species of flowering plants and over 500 species of fauna. Today, it is one of the largest patches of primary rainforest left in Singapore. The forest reserve was formally declared as an ASEAN Heritage Park on 18 October 2011.
Lysine—pyruvate 6-transaminase
In enzymology, a lysine-pyruvate 6-transaminase (EC 2.6.1.71) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

L-lysine + pyruvate ⇌ L-2-aminoadipate 6-semialdehyde + L-alanine

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are L-lysine and pyruvate, whereas its two products are L-2-aminoadipate 6-semialdehyde and L-alanine.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically the transaminases, which transfer nitrogenous groups.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is L-lysine:pyruvate aminotransferase. Other names in common use include lysine-pyruvate aminotransferase, and Lys-AT.

Pyruvic acid
Pyruvic acid (CH3COCOOH) is the simplest of the alpha-keto acids, with a carboxylic acid and a ketone functional group. Pyruvate, the conjugate base, CH3COCOO−, is an intermediate in several metabolic pathways throughout the cell.

Pyruvic acid can be made from glucose through glycolysis, converted back to carbohydrates (such as glucose) via gluconeogenesis, or converted to fatty acids through a reaction with acetyl-CoA. It can also be used to construct the amino acid alanine and can be converted into ethanol or lactic acid via fermentation.

Pyruvic acid supplies energy to cells through the citric acid cycle (also known as the Krebs cycle) when oxygen is present (aerobic respiration), and alternatively ferments to produce lactate when oxygen is lacking.
Ana Gjorgjioska
Ana Gjorgjioska (7 April 2000) is a Macedonian scientist and researcher. She works in the field of immunotherapy in the treatment of cancer at CatalYm GmbH. Within the scope of her projects, she focuses on the molecule GDF15.

GDF15
Growth/differentiation factor 15 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GDF15 gene.  GDF15 was first identified as Macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 (MIC-1).

It is a protein belonging to the transforming growth factor beta superfamily. Under normal conditions, GDF15 is expressed in low concentrations in most organs and is upregulated because of injury to organs such as the liver, kidney, heart and lung. Its chemical formula is:C1076H1710O316N324S24.

In one study among Scottish males, median (97.5th percentile), GDF-15 concentration at age <30 years was 537 (1,135) pg/mL, rising to 931 (2,492) pg/mL at 50–59 years, and 2,152 (5,972) pg/mL at ≥80 years. In Scottish females, median GDF-15 at age <30 years was 628 (2,195) pg/mL, 881 (2,323) pg/mL at 50–59 years, and 1847 (6,830) pg/mL at ≥80 years. Among those known to be pregnant, median GDF-15 was 19,311 pg/mL.
Francisco Q. Sanchez Elementary School
The Francisco Q. Sanchez Elementary School is a historic school building on the north side of Guam Highway 2 in Umatac, Guam. It is a single-story International style structure, with two classroom wings flanking a central administration area. The building was designed by noted Internationalist architect Richard J. Neutra, and built in 1953 adjacent to the San Dionisio Church Ruins. Neutra's design sought to integrate the school with its surrounding environment, and provides a panoramic view of Umatac Bay. The building is one of four buildings built pursuant to a master plan (abandoned by the island's political leadership soon afterward) developed by Neutra and Robert J. Alexander. It is Umatac's only school.

The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.

Robert J. Alexander
Robert Jackson Alexander (November 26, 1918 – April 27, 2010) was an American political activist, writer, and academic who spent most of his professional career at Rutgers University. He is best remembered for his pioneering studies on the trade union movement in Latin America and dissident communist political parties, including ground-breaking monographs on the International Communist Right Opposition, Maoism, and the international Trotskyist movement.
National Assembly of Zimbabwe
The National Assembly of Zimbabwe, previously the House of Assembly until 2013, is the lower house of the Parliament of Zimbabwe. It was established upon Zimbabwe's independence in 1980 as one of two chambers of parliament. Between the abolition of the Senate in 1989 and its reestablishment in 2005, the House of Assembly was the sole chamber of parliament.

Since the 2023 election, the National Assembly has had 280 members. Of these, 210 are elected in single-member constituencies. 60 seats are reserved for women, and are elected by proportional representation in 10 six-seat constituencies based on the country's provinces. The last 10 seats are reserved for youth and are also elected through proportional representation in 10 one-seat constituencies based on the provinces as well.

Jacob Mudenda has been Speaker of the National Assembly since September 2013.

Lower house
A lower house is the lower chamber of a bicameral legislature, where the other chamber is the upper house. Although styled as "below" the upper house, in many legislatures worldwide, the lower house has come to wield more power or otherwise exert significant political influence.
Lisa Matviyenko
Lisa Matviyenko (born 6 October 1997) is an inactive German tennis player. Eva Lys is her younger sister, and also a tennis player.

Matviyenko made her WTA Tour main-draw debut at the 2021 Hamburg European Open in the doubles competition where she and partner Sina Herrmann lost to Astra Sharma and Rosalie van der Hoek.

Astra Sharma
Astra Sharma (born 11 September 1995) is an Australian professional tennis player. She has career-high WTA rankings of 84 in singles and 91 in doubles. Sharma has won one singles title and three doubles titles on the WTA Tour. In addition, she has won one singles title on the WTA Challenger Tour as well as eight titles in singles and seven in doubles on the ITF Circuit.

In December 2017, she won the Australian Open Wildcard Playoff alongside Belinda Woolcock, their main-draw entry into the 2018 Australian Open.

At the 2019 Australian Open, she and fellow Australian John-Patrick Smith reached the final of the mixed-doubles competition after receiving a wildcard to enter the main draw.
1997 NCAA Division I women's lacrosse tournament
The 1997 NCAA Division I Women's Lacrosse Championship was the 16th annual single-elimination tournament to determine the national champion of Division I NCAA women's college lacrosse. The championship game was played at Goodman Stadium in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania during May 1997. All NCAA Division I women's lacrosse programs were eligible for this championship. This year, the tournament field expanded from 6 to 8 teams, the first expansion since 1986.

Maryland defeated Loyola Maryland, 8–7, to win their fifth and third consecutive, national championship. This would subsequently become the third of Maryland's record seven straight national titles (1995–2001).

The leading scorers for the tournament, each with 10 goals, were Amy Fine from North Carolina and Kerri Johnson from Loyola (MD). The Most Outstanding Player trophy was not awarded this year, although it would be reintroduced in 1998.

Maryland Terrapins women's lacrosse
The Maryland Terrapins women's lacrosse team represents the University of Maryland in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I women's college lacrosse. The Maryland program has won 15 national championships, the most of any women's lacrosse program. The Terrapins have also made the most NCAA tournament appearances, won the most tournament games, and made the most NCAA championship game appearances. Before the NCAA sanctioned women's lacrosse, Maryland also won the AIAW national championship in 1981.

Starting with the 2014–15 season, the Terrapins joined the Big Ten women's lacrosse league.
Stephen Marley (writer)
Stephen Marley is a British author, voice director and video game designer. He was born in Derby of Irish parents and was educated in Bemrose School in Derby and at Nottingham. He graduated in Social Anthropology in 1971 in London, gained an M.Sc in the Sociology of Science in 1973 and worked on his Ph.D on ancient Chinese science while lecturing in Manchester. He gave up an academic career and took up writing full-time in 1985. From 1995 onwards he has also followed a parallel career in video games. In one game he designed on PlayStation, Martian Gothic, he voice directed, among others, Fenella Fielding and Julie Peasgood.

He has had eight novels published, the most recent a thriller entitled The Heresy. His third novel, Mortal Mask, was acclaimed 'his masterpiece' in the Clute/Grant The Encyclopedia of Fantasy.

Julie Peasgood
Julie May Peasgood (born 28 May 1956 in Cleethorpes, Lincolnshire) is an English actress, television presenter, author and voiceover artist known for her distinctive voice.

She is best known for her role as Fran Pearson in the television soap Brookside (1991–93). She later played Jo Steadman in Emmerdale in 1997 and Jacqui Hudson in Hollyoaks from 2001 to 2002.
Howland High School
Howland High School is a public high school in Howland Township, near Warren, Ohio, United States. It is the only high school in the Howland Local School District. Athletic teams are known as the Tigers, and they compete as a member of the Ohio High School Athletic Association in the All-American Conference.

Ohio High School Athletic Association
The Ohio High School Athletic Association (OHSAA) is the governing body of athletic programs for junior and senior high schools in the U.S. state of Ohio. The OHSAA governs eligibility of student athletes, resolves disputes, organizes levels of competition by divisional separation of schools according to attendance population, and conducts state championship competitions in all the OHSAA-sanctioned sports.
St. Sebastian (Mannheim)
St. Sebastian is the oldest Catholic parish church in the city of Mannheim and one of the three churches of the Mannheim city pastoral unit in the city center. In Electoral Palatine times it was used by the Elector as a court church and received a magnificent interior by artists such as Bibiena, Verschaffelt and Egell. The furnishings were impaired by remodeling in the 19th century and damaged during World War II. Together with the Old Town Hall, St. Sebastian's Church forms a Baroque double building erected at the beginning of the 18th century, which is the oldest preserved structure in the city.

Bode Museum
The Bode Museum (German: Bode-Museum), formerly called the Emperor Frederick Museum (German: Kaiser-Friedrich-Museum), is a listed building on the Museum Island in the historic centre of Berlin. It was built from 1898 to 1904 by order of German Emperor William II according to plans by Ernst von Ihne in Baroque Revival style. The building's front square featured a memorial to German Emperor Frederick III, which was destroyed by the East German authorities. Currently, the Bode-Museum is home to the Skulpturensammlung, the Museum für Byzantinische Kunst and the Münzkabinett (sculpture, Byzantine art, and coins and medals). As part of the Museum Island complex, the Bode-Museum was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1999 because of its outstanding architecture and testimony to the development of museums as a cultural phenomenon in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Flirtation (1927 film)
Flirtation (German: Liebelei) is a 1927 German silent drama film directed by Jacob Fleck and Luise Fleck and starring Fred Louis Lerch, Henry Stuart and Jaro Fürth. It was shot at the Johannisthal and EFA Studios in Berlin. The film's sets were designed by the art director Jacek Rotmil. It was based on a play by Arthur Schnitzler, which was turned into a 1933 sound film Liebelei by Max Ophüls.

Jacek Rotmil
Jacek Rotmil (1888–1944) was a Russian-born art director and production designer who worked on 100 films during his career Following the First World War, Rotmil entered the booming German film industry and worked prolifically until 1933. Following the Nazi rise to power, Rotmil went into exile in Poland where he was employed frequently on Polish and Yiddish productions. He had first become involved in the Polish film industry in 1930 when working on the sound version of the Polish film Exile to Siberia in Berlin.

After the Germans took over Poland in 1939, Rotmil went into hiding. He was later arrested and executed in Pawiak prison shortly before the Warsaw Uprising. He was one of many Polish film personnel to die during the Second World War.
Donald E. Worcester
Donald E. Worcester (1915-2003) was an American historian who specialized in Southwestern United States and Latin American history.  He was president of the Western History Association from 1974-1975.

Worcester graduated from Bard College in 1939.  He received an M.A. from the University of California, Berkeley in 1941.  He then served in the US Naval Reserve in World War II.  He received a PhD. from Berkeley in 1947.

From 1947 until 1963 he was a professor at the University of Florida.  He then was a professor at Texas Christian University and history department chair.  From 1960 until 1965 he was managing editor of the Hispanic American Historical Review.

Worcester's view that history is made of complexities, not dualities, is seen as foundational for much of the understanding by later scholars of Southwest United States history.

Western History Association
The Western History Association (WHA), a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization, was founded in 1961 at Santa Fe, New Mexico by Ray Allen Billington, et al. Included in the field of study are the American West and western Canada. The Western History Association was headquartered from 2012 to 2017 at the University of Alaska, Fairbanks. From 2018 to 2020 the WHA was hosted on the campus of the University of Nebraska at Omaha. In 2020, the WHA relocated to the Department of History at the University of Kansas, where it receives support from the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences.
Bram Gay
Bramwell Clifford Gay (19 September 1930 – 13 December 2019) was a British trumpet and cornet player and brass band enthusiast.

Gay was born in Treorchy, Glamorgan, Wales. He joined Foden's Band at the age of 13. Gay was published extensively by Novello Music Publishing Ltd. He died at his home in France on 13 December 2019, at the age of 89.

Gay played as third trumpet for four years for Royal Opera House in Covent Garden, where he was offered the position of orchestra director (1974 to 1995). Among the people he worked with were Colin Davis, Georg Solti, and Bernard Haitink.

He played at King George VI's funeral and in Elizabeth II's coronation. He also assembled the orchestra for Charles and Diana's wedding.

Bernard Haitink
Bernard Johan Herman Haitink (Dutch: [ˈbɛrnɑrt ˈɦaːitɪŋk]; 4 March 1929 – 21 October 2021) was a Dutch conductor and violinist. He was the principal conductor of several international orchestras, beginning with the Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra in 1961. He moved to London, as principal conductor of the London Philharmonic Orchestra from 1967 to 1979, music director at Glyndebourne Opera from 1978 to 1988 and of the Royal Opera House from 1987 to 2002, when he became principal conductor of the Staatskapelle Dresden. Finally, he was principal conductor of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra from 2006 to 2010. The focus of his prolific recording was classical symphonies and orchestral works, but he also conducted operas. He conducted 90 concerts at The Proms in London, the last on 3 September 2019 with the Vienna Philharmonic. His awards include Grammy Awards and the 2015 Gramophone Award for his lifetime achievements.
Santolaya (Cabrales)
Santolaya is one of nine parishes (administrative divisions)  in Cabrales, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain.

It is 15.93 km2 (6.15 sq mi) in size with a population of 137 (INE 2011).

Parish (administrative division)
A parish is an administrative division used by several countries. To distinguish it from an ecclesiastical parish, the term civil parish is used in some jurisdictions, as noted below.

The table below lists countries which use this administrative division:
Pol Sefid (Ahvaz)
31°19′27″N 48°40′31″E﻿ / ﻿31.324032°N 48.675238°E﻿ / 31.324032; 48.675238

Pol Sefid (Persian: پل سفید) is an arch bridge located in Ahvaz, Khuzestan, Iran, built above the Karun river. The bridge was completed on September 21, 1936, and was inaugurated on November 6, 1936. The bridge remains a symbol of the city still today.

Arch bridge
An arch bridge is a bridge with abutments at each end shaped as a curved arch. Arch bridges work by transferring the weight of the bridge and its loads partially into a horizontal thrust restrained by the abutments at either side, and partially into a vertical load on the arch supports. A viaduct (a long bridge) may be made from a series of arches, although other more economical structures are typically used today.
Tachyonic antitelephone
A tachyonic antitelephone is a hypothetical device in theoretical physics that could be used to send signals into one's own past. Albert Einstein in 1907
presented a thought experiment of how faster-than-light signals can lead to a paradox of causality, which was described by Einstein and Arnold Sommerfeld in 1910 as a means "to telegraph into the past". The same thought experiment was described by Richard Chace Tolman in 1917; thus, it is also known as Tolman's paradox.

A device capable of "telegraphing into the past" was later also called a "tachyonic antitelephone" by Gregory Benford et al. According to the current understanding of physics, no such faster-than-light transfer of information is actually possible.

Past
The past is the set of all events that occurred before a given point in time. The past is contrasted with and defined by the present and the future. It can mean long ago as in past from early to mid-20th century. The concept of the past is derived from the linear fashion in which human observers experience time, and is accessed through memory and recollection. In addition, human beings have recorded the past since the advent of written language.

In English, the word past was one of the many variant forms and spellings of passed, the past participle of the Middle English verb passen (whence Modern English pass), among ypassed, ypassyd, i-passed, passyd, passid, pass'd, paste, etc. It developed into an adjective and preposition in the 14th century, and a noun (as in the past or a past, through ellipsis with the adjective past) in the 15th century.
N'Awlinz Dis Dat or d'Udda
N'Awlinz Dis Dat or d'Udda is a studio album by American musician Dr. John. It was released on July 13, 2004, via Blue Note Records. It was recorded at Piety Street Recording in New Orleans with additional recording at Right Track Recording in New York City and House Of Blues Studio in California. Production was handled by Stewart Levine.

At the 47th Annual Grammy Awards, the album has been nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Blues Album and the song "Lay My Burden Down" received a nomination for a Grammy Award for Best Gospel Performance.

Stewart Levine
Stewart Levine (born 1946) is an American record producer.

The artists he has worked with include The Crusaders, Minnie Riperton, Lionel Richie, Simply Red, Hugh Masekela, Huey Lewis and the News, Patti LaBelle, Sly Stone, Boy George, Oleta Adams, Killing Joke, Jon Anderson and Curiosity Killed the Cat.
Si Wilai subdistrict
Si Wilai (Thai: ศรีวิไล) is subdistrict (tambon) in Si Wilai District, in Bueng Kan Province, northeastern Thailand. It is the seat of Si Wilai District. As of 2010, it had a population of 10,846 people and jurisdiction over 12 villages. It lies on Thailand Route 222, south of Non Sombun and Bueng Kan. A bus service connects it to Bueng Kan.

Highway 222 (Thailand)
Highway 222 is a highway of northeastern Thailand. It begins at Phang Khon in Sakhon Nakhon Province at 17°23′20″N 103°43′17″E﻿ / ﻿17.38889°N 103.72139°E﻿ / 17.38889; 103.72139, where it meets Highway 227 and Highway 22 and ends near the Mekong River on the Lao border in the north at Bueng Kan in Bueng Kan Province at 18°21′39″N 103°38′47″E﻿ / ﻿18.36083°N 103.64639°E﻿ / 18.36083; 103.64639, where it joins Highway 212.
Bayview, Baltimore
Bayview, or Hopkins-Bayview, is a neighborhood located in the Southeast District of Baltimore between the Pulaski industrial area (East) and Greektown (West).

The neighborhood is bounded by Lombard Street to the north, Kane Street to the east, Eastern Avenue to the south, and I-895 to the west.  Also included in this area is the Joseph Lee neighborhood. Historically, this neighborhood was referred to as "A to K" due to the alphabetical naming of the streets Anglesea, Bonsal, Cornwall, Drew, Elrino, Folcroft, Gusryan, Hornel, Imla, Joplin, and Kane.

Central to this neighborhood is the 130-acre (0.53 km2) Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center.  Also found on the campus are two branches of the National Institutes of Health, the National Institute on Aging and the National Institute on Drug Abuse.

National Institute on Drug Abuse
The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) is a United States federal government research institute whose mission is to "advance science on the causes and consequences of drug use and addiction and to apply that knowledge to improve individual and public health."

The institute has conducted an in-depth study of addiction according to its biological, behavioral and social components. It has also supported many treatments such as nicotine patches and gums, and performed research into AIDS and other drug-related diseases. Its monopoly on the supply of research-grade marijuana has proved controversial.