hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Arms Trade Treaty
The Arms Trade Treaty (ATT) is a multilateral treaty that regulates the international trade in conventional weapons.

It entered into force on 24 December 2014. 116 states have ratified the treaty, and a further 26 states have signed but not ratified it.

The ATT is an attempt to regulate the international trade of conventional weapons for the purpose of contributing to international and regional peace; reducing human suffering; and promoting co-operation, transparency, and responsible action by and among states.

The treaty was negotiated in New York City at a global conference under the auspices of the United Nations (UN) from 2–27 July 2012. As it was not possible to reach an agreement on a final text at that time, a new meeting for the conference was scheduled for 18–28 March 2013. On 2 April 2013, the UN General Assembly adopted the ATT.

International weapons commerce has been estimated to reach US$70 billion a year.

Ratification
Ratification is a principal's legal confirmation of an act of its agent. In international law, ratification is the process by which a state declares its consent to be bound to a treaty. In the case of bilateral treaties, ratification is usually accomplished by exchanging the requisite instruments, and in the case of multilateral treaties, the usual procedure is for the depositary to collect the ratifications of all states, keeping all parties informed of the situation.

The institution of ratification grants states the necessary time-frame to seek the required approval for the treaty on the domestic level and to enact the necessary legislation to give domestic effect to that treaty. The term applies to private contract law, international treaties, and constitutions in federal states such as the United States and Canada. The term is also used in parliamentary procedure in deliberative assemblies.
2021 Étoile de Bessèges
The 2021 Étoile de Bessèges (transl. Star of Bessèges) was a road cycling stage race that took place between 3 and 7 February 2021 mostly in the French department of Gard. The race was rated as a 2.1 event as part of the 2021 UCI Europe Tour, and was the 51st edition of the Étoile de Bessèges cycling race.

Race stage
A race stage, leg, or heat is a unit of a race that has been divided in several parts for the reason such as length of the distance to be covered, as in a multi-day event. Usually, such a race consists of "ordinary" stages, but sometimes stages are held as an individual time trial or a team time trial. Long races such as the Tour de France, Absa Cape Epic or the Giro d'Italia are known for their stages of one day each, whereas the boat sailing Velux 5 Oceans Race is broken down in usually four stages of several weeks duration each, where the competitors are racing continuously day and night. In bicycling and running events, a race with stages is known as a stage race. Other examples include ultramarathons and adventure racing.
Livin' on a High Note
Livin' on a High Note is the tenth solo studio album by American musician Mavis Staples. It was released in February 2016 under Epitaph. Rolling Stone placed the album on its 45 Best Albums of 2016 So Far list.

Epitaph Records
Epitaph Records is an American independent record label owned by Bad Religion guitarist Brett Gurewitz. A large portion of the record label, known as Hellcat Records, is owned by Tim Armstrong, frontman of the punk rock band Rancid. Several sister labels also exist, such as ANTI-, Burning Heart Records, Hellcat Records, and Heart & Skull Records that have signed other types of bands.
Votruba
Votruba (feminine: Votrubová), also spelled Wotruba, is a surname of Czech and Slovak origin.

Persons named Votruba or Wotruba include:

Fritz Wotruba (1907–1975), Austrian sculptor

Jaroslav Votruba (born 1939), Czech figure skater

Jiří Votruba (born 1946), Czech artist

Jiří Votruba
Jiří Votruba (born 8 December 1946 in Prague) is a Czech painter, illustrator, and graphic designer.  His paintings have been displayed at over 50 exhibitions worldwide.

Votruba is also known for his artwork commonly found on t-shirts, mugs, and postcards in shops throughout Prague, particularly depictions of Franz Kafka.
Luis Falla
Luis Humberto Falla Lamadrid (born 15 April 1946) is a Peruvian lawyer and politician. He is a former Congressman, elected in the 2006 elections, representing the Lambayeque region for the 2006–2011 term.He lost his seat in the 2011 elections, when he ran for re-election, but he received a low number of votes. He was previously a deputy representing the Lambayeque region from 1990 to 1992 when President Alberto Fujimori shut Congress down in a self-coup. Falla belongs to the Peruvian Aprista Party.

1992 Peruvian self-coup
The 1992 Peruvian self-coup, sometimes known as the Fujimorazo, was performed in Peru in 1992 after President Alberto Fujimori dissolved the Congress as well as the judiciary and assumed full legislative and judicial powers. With the collaboration of the military, the Fujimori government arrested prominent opposition leaders and journalists, as well as seized government buildings.

Following the coup, the Fujimori government subsequently began to implement objectives of the Green Plan. Most Peruvian politicians, intellectuals and journalists criticized the coup, while security forces, most of the private business sector and a substantial part of the public supported Fujimori.

The coup ended Peru's democratic system which had been in place since the end of military rule in 1980. The coup occurred in the context of an economic crisis, political gridlock, organized crime, and terrorism from the Shining Path.
Mjøsa Bridge
The Mjøsa Bridge (Norwegian: Mjøsbrua) is a box girder bridge that crosses Lake Mjøsa in Innlandet county, Norway. The east side of the bridge begins in the town of Moelv in Ringsaker Municipality and the village of Biri in Gjøvik Municipality. The bridge is 1,421 metres (4,662 ft) long, the longest span is 69 metres (226 ft), and the clearance to the water below is 15 metres (49 ft). The bridge has 21 spans and one vehicular lane in each direction. The Mjøsa Bridge was opened in 1985.

The government is currently planning to replace the bridge with a new four-lane bridge over the lake as part of an expansion of the E6 highway around Moelv. Work (or construction) on the (new, wooden) bridge has been paused as of Q3 2022, as a consequence of the 2022 collapse of the Tretten Bridge in Norway.

Box girder bridge
A box girder bridge, or box section bridge, is a bridge in which the main beams comprise girders in the shape of a hollow box. The box girder normally comprises prestressed concrete, structural steel, or a composite of steel and reinforced concrete. The box is typically rectangular or trapezoidal in cross-section. Box girder bridges are commonly used for highway flyovers and for modern elevated structures of light rail transport. Although the box girder bridge is normally a form of beam bridge, box girders may also be used on cable-stayed and other bridges.
Armbruster's wolf
Armbruster's wolf (Aenocyon armbrusteri) is an extinct species of canine that was endemic to North America and lived during the Early to Middle Pleistocene epoch. It is proposed as the ancestor of the dire wolf, one of the most famous prehistoric carnivores in North America, and likely belongs to the same genus Aenocyon.

Early Pleistocene
The Early Pleistocene is an unofficial sub-epoch in the international geologic timescale in chronostratigraphy, representing the earliest division of the Pleistocene Epoch within the ongoing Quaternary Period. It is currently estimated to span the time between 2.580 ± 0.005 Ma (million years ago) and 0.773 ± 0.005 Ma. The term Early Pleistocene applies to both the Gelasian Age and the Calabrian Age.

While the Gelasian and the Calabrian have officially been defined by the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS) to effectively constitute the Early Pleistocene, the succeeding Chibanian and Tarantian ages have yet to be ratified. These proposed ages are unofficially termed the Middle Pleistocene and Late Pleistocene respectively. The Chibanian provisionally spans time from 773 ka to 126 ka, and the Tarantian from then until the definitive end of the whole Pleistocene, c. 9700 BC in the 10th millennium BC.
Limakatso Mahasa
Limakatso Patricia Mahasa (born 12 December 1978) is a South African politician who served as the Member of the Executive Council (MEC) for Sport, Arts, Culture and Recreation in the Free State from 2019 until 2024. A member of the African National Congress, she previously served as the MEC for Economic, Small Business Development, Tourism & Environmental Affairs from 2018 until 2019 and before that, as the MEC for Social Development from 2016 to 2018.

Free State (province)
The Free State is a province of South Africa. Its capital is Bloemfontein, which is also South Africa's judicial capital. Its historical origins lie in the Boer republic called the Orange Free State and later the Orange Free State Province.
History of cinema of China
Motion pictures were introduced to China in 1896. They were introduced through foreign film exhibitors in treaty ports like Shanghai and Hong Kong.: 68  China was one of the earliest countries to be exposed to the medium of film, due to Louis Lumière sending his cameraman to Shanghai a year after inventing cinematography.

Auguste and Louis Lumière
The Lumière brothers (UK: /ˈluːmiɛər/, US: /ˌluːmiˈɛər/; French: [lymjɛːʁ]), Auguste Marie Louis Nicolas Lumière (19 October 1862 – 10 April 1954) and Louis Jean Lumière (5 October 1864 – 6 June 1948), were French manufacturers of photography equipment, best known for their Cinématographe motion picture system and the short films they produced between 1895 and 1905, which places them among the earliest filmmakers.

Their screening of a single film on 22 March 1895, for around 200 members of the Société d'encouragement pour l'industrie nationale (Society for the Development of the National Industry) in Paris was probably the first presentation of projected film. Their first commercial public screening on 28 December 1895, for around 40 paying visitors and invited relations has traditionally been regarded as the birth of cinema.
SS King Orry (1946)
TSS (RMS) King Orry (IV) - the fourth vessel in the line's history to be so named - was the lead ship of the King Orry Class of passenger ferries and packet ships. More commonly referred to as the six sisters, they were built for the Isle of Man Steam Packet Company between 1946 & 1955 primarily to replace war-time losses. The company's previous King Orry was one of three company losses during Operation Dynamo - the evacuation of British and French troops from the port of Dunkirk during May 1940.

The name King Orry is a corruption of King Gorree, from the Manx Gaelic Ree Gorree, the Manx name for Godred Crovan a Norse-Gael ruler of Dublin, and King of Mann and the Isles in the second half of the 11th century.

Douglas Harbour
Douglas Harbour (Manx: Purt Varrey Ghoolish) is located near Douglas Head at the southern end of Douglas, the capital of the Isle of Man. It is the island's main commercial shipping port. The Port of Douglas was the first in the world to be equipped with radar.
Sundance Channel
Sundance Channel can refer to:

Sundance TV, formerly known as Sundance Channel (United States).

Sundance Channel (Canada)

Sundance Channel (Netherlands)

Sundance Channel (Europe)

Sundance Channel (Iberia)

Sundance Channel (Asia)

Sundance Channel (Turkey)

Sundance Channel (Canada)
Sundance Channel was a Canadian English language Category B specialty channel owned by Corus Entertainment that aired various films.

The channel was founded in 2001 as Drive-In Classics by CHUM Limited, the owner of Citytv, that aired Drive-In B films and other programming related to it. Drive-In Classics was acquired by CTVglobemedia in 2007 and was resold to Corus Entertainment in 2009.

In March 2010, Drive-In Classics became Sundance Channel which aired programming focused on independent films, documentaries, music series, dramas and more. The channel closed its doors on March 27, 2018.
2015 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship
The 2015 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship was the 129th staging of the All-Ireland championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1887. The draw for the 2015 fixtures took place on 9 October 2014 live on RTÉ2. The championship began on 3 May 2015 and ended on 6 September 2015.

Kilkenny were the defending champions and successfully retained the title following a 1–22 to 1–18 defeat of Galway.

Leinster GAA
The Leinster Council is  a provincial council of the Gaelic Athletic Association sports of hurling, Gaelic football, camogie, rounders and handball in the province of Leinster.

As of 2008, there were 834 clubs affiliated to the county boards of the Leinster Council.
Irene Lemos
Irene S. Lemos  FSA is a British classical archaeologist and academic, specialising in the Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age of Greece. She is Professor of Classical Archaeology at the University of Oxford, and a Fellow of Merton College, Oxford.

Classical archaeology
Classical archaeology is the archaeological investigation of the Mediterranean civilizations of Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. Nineteenth-century archaeologists such as Heinrich Schliemann were drawn to study the societies they had read about in Latin and Greek texts. Many universities and foreign nations maintain excavation programs and schools in the area – such is the enduring appeal of the region's archaeology.
RTU FC
RTU FC or RTU Futbola centrs is a Latvian football club, affiliated with the Riga Technical University. They are based in the capital city of Riga and compete in the second highest division of Latvian football (the Latvian First League) and the Latvian Football Cup. From 2017 to 2018 the team partnered with the remnants of the now defunct Skonto FC, playing as RTU FC/Skonto Academy, after Skonto failed to receive the First League licence from LFF in 2016.

The club did not apply for the 2019 Latvian First League season, possibly due to financial issues.

Latvian Football Cup
The Latvian Football Cup (Latvian: Latvijas kauss) is the main knockout cup competition in Latvian football. Since 2021, its full name is Responsible Gaming Latvian Football Cup (Atbildīgas spēles Latvijas kauss) due to the sponsorship by sports betting company William Hill. The tournament was launched in 1937, replacing the previous knockout tournament – the Riga Football Cup.

The competition is a knockout (single elimination) tournament. From 1937 to 2008 and again since 2017, all of the games of the tournament are played within the calendar year.

During the Soviet occupation (1940–1941, 1944–1991) it served as a qualification tournament for the Soviet Cup. The competition was also fully played once during the German occupation of the Baltic states, in 1943.
N.K-Pop
N.K-Pop (also written N.K. Pop) is the fifth studio album by Paul Heaton and Jacqui Abbott, both formerly members of the Beautiful South. The album was released on 7 October 2022 by EMI Records, and preceded by the release of the lead single "Still". The album debuted atop the UK Albums Chart.

The Beautiful South
The Beautiful South were an English pop rock group formed in 1988 by former Housemartins members Paul Heaton and Dave Hemingway, both of whom performed lead and backing vocals. The other original members were guitarist Dave Rotheray, bassist Sean Welch, and drummer Dave Stead. All five original members remained with the band throughout its existence. The band's original material was written by Heaton and Rotheray.

After recording their first album, Welcome to the Beautiful South (1989), as a five-piece, they were joined by a succession of female vocalists; Briana Corrigan from 1990 to 1992, Jacqui Abbott from 1993 to 2000, and Alison Wheeler from 2003 to the band's split in 2007.

The group are known for wry and socially observant lyrics. They broke up in January 2007, saying the split was due to "musical similarities", having sold around 15 million records.
Eduardo Rodríguez (director)
Eduardo Rodríguez is a Venezuelan film director and screenwriter whose professional career in the United States began after Bob Weinstein, founder of Dimension Films, offered Eduardo a contract to direct three feature films in 2002. Details of his unusual deal were featured on the front page of Variety on April 17, 2002, as well in articles from Entertainment Weekly (May 3, 2002) and Premiere Magazine (August 2002). Eduardo was also anointed a member of Entertainment Weekly's 2002 "It List" of the 100 most creative people in entertainment.

Bob Weinstein
Robert Weinstein (born October 18, 1954) is an American film producer. He was the founder and head of Dimension Films and former co-chairman of Miramax Films and The Weinstein Company (TWC), all of which he co-founded with his older brother, Harvey. Bob Weinstein is also the founder of Watch This Entertainment. He had focused on making action and horror films, as well as on "family films, comedies and upscale adult thrillers".
Pilipinas Commercial Basketball League
Pilipinas Commercial Basketball League  (also known as PCBL) was a commercial amateur basketball tournament based in the Philippines that catered to the development and grassroots program for future Filipino basketball players, inspired from the MICAA and the Philippine Basketball League (PBL). The league was established by nine commercial teams, some of which have played in the PBA D-League. The chairman of the league was Buddy Encarnado, who was also the board governor representing the Sta. Lucia Realtors during its stint in the Philippine Basketball Association (PBA).

The PCBL was sanctioned and officiated by the Samahang Basketbol ng Pilipinas (SBP), the Philippine governing body of basketball. The league was tasked by the SBP to form the national basketball teams that will participate in the Southeast Asia Basketball (SEABA) and the Southeast Asian Games, replacing the Gilas Cadets program.

Southeast Asia Basketball Association
The Southeast Asia Basketball Association (SEABA) is a subzone of FIBA Asia consisting of countries from Southeast Asia. The ASEAN Basketball League (ABL), a professional league, is the top level of club competition run by the SEABA.
Konrad Jörgens
Konrad Jörgens (3 December 1926 – 28 April 1974) was a German mathematician.
He made important contributions to mathematical physics, in particular to the foundations of quantum mechanics, and to the theory of partial differential equations and integral operators.

Integral operator
An integral operator is an operator that involves integration. Special instances are:

The operator of integration itself,  denoted by the integral symbol

Integral linear operators, which are linear operators induced by bilinear forms involving  integrals

Integral transforms, which are maps between two function spaces, which involve integrals
Igloolik Island
Igloolik Island is a small island in the Qikiqtaaluk Region of Nunavut, Canada. It is located in the Foxe Basin, very close to the Melville Peninsula (and to a lesser degree, Baffin Island), and it is often thought to be a part of the peninsula. It forms part of the Arctic Archipelago.

The word Igloolik (Inuktitut: "there is an igloo here") comes from iglu (meaning: "house"/"building") and refers to the sod houses (qarmaq) that were originally in the area. Inuit and their ancestors have inhabited the island since 2000 BC.  The archaeological sites on the island, which show a sequence up to 1000 AD, were designated a National Historic Site of Canada in 1978.

There is only one community on the island, also named Igloolik.

Foxe Basin
Foxe Basin is a shallow oceanic basin north of Hudson Bay, in Nunavut, Canada, located between Baffin Island and the Melville Peninsula. For most of the year, it is blocked by sea ice (fast ice) and drift ice made up of multiple ice floes.

The nutrient-rich cold waters found in the basin are especially favourable to phytoplankton and the numerous islands within it are important bird habitats, including Sabine's gulls and many types of shorebirds. Bowhead whales migrate to the northern part of the basin each summer.

The basin takes its name from the English explorer Luke Foxe who entered the lower part in 1631.
Kewanee, Mississippi
Kewanee is an unincorporated community in Lauderdale County, Mississippi, United States. Kewanee is located along U.S. Route 11 and U.S. Route 80 16 miles (26 km) east-northeast of Meridian. The community is located on the former Alabama Great Southern Railroad and in 1900 had a population of 50 people.

The community's name may be a transfer from Kewanee, Illinois.

The Simmons & Wright Company, listed on the National Register of Historic Places, is located in Kewanee.

National Register of Historic Places listings in Lauderdale County, Mississippi
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Lauderdale County, Mississippi.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Lauderdale County, Mississippi, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in a map.

There are 46 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county.  Another 7 properties were once listed but have been removed.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted March 14, 2025.
Sri Lankan cricket team against Pakistan in the UAE in 2013–14
The Sri Lanka and Pakistan national cricket teams toured the United Arab Emirates (UAE) from 11 December 2013 to 20 January 2014. The tour included three Tests, five One Day Internationals (ODIs) and two Twenty20 Internationals (T20I) between Sri Lanka and Pakistan. Pakistan won the ODI series 3–2, while the Test and T20I series were both drawn 1–1.

Bilawal Bhatti
Bilawal Bhatti (born 17 September 1991) is an international cricketer from Pakistan, primarily utilized as an all-rounder. He made his ODI debut against South Africa in Cape Town in 2013, and made his mark immediately with both bat and ball, hitting 39 off 25 balls, and taking 3 for 37 in a Pakistan win.

In the final of the 2015–16 Quaid-e-Azam Trophy, Bhatti recorded his best figures in first-class cricket with 8 for 88, and his best overall match figures, with 11 for 95.
Ice Cold in Alex
Ice Cold in Alex is a 1958 British war film set during the Western Desert campaign of World War II based on the novel of the same name by Christopher Landon. Directed by J. Lee Thompson and starring John Mills, the film was a prizewinner at the 8th Berlin International Film Festival. Under the title Desert Attack, a shortened 79-minute version of the film was released in the United States in 1961. Film critic Craig Butler later referred to the shortened version as nonsensical.

Carlsberg Group
Carlsberg A/S (/ˈkɑːrlzbɜːrɡ/ KARLZ-burg, Danish: [ˈkʰɑˀlsˌpɛɐ̯ˀ]) is a Danish multinational brewer. Founded in 1847 by J. C. Jacobsen, the company's headquarters is in Copenhagen, Denmark. Since Jacobsen's death in 1887, the majority owner of the company has been the Carlsberg Foundation. The company's flagship brand is Carlsberg, named after Jacobsen's son Carl Jacobsen. The company employs around 33,000 people, primarily in Europe and Asia. 
Carlsberg is currently the seventh largest brewery in the world based on revenue.