hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Osman Pasha the Bosnian
Osman Pasha the Bosnian (Turkish: Boşnak Osman Paşa; died 1 August 1685) or the Herzegovinian (Turkish: Hersekli Osman Paşa), known as Osman Pasha Kazanac, was an Ottoman statesman who served as the governor of the Damascus Eyalet (1676–1678, 1683), of Anatolia Eyalet (1678–1680), of Egypt Eyalet (1680–1683), of Diyarbekir Eyalet (1683), of Bosnia Eyalet (1684), and of Eğri Eyalet (1685). His byname suggests that he hailed from the Sanjak of Bosnia or the Sanjak of Herzegovina.

While governor of the Eğri Eyalet (English: Eger) during the Great Turkish War, he was caught outside of the walls of the Castle of Eger when the Austrians began their siege, dying on August 1, 1685.

Osman-paša Kazanac (Osman-paša Hercegovac), as he was also known, married a daughter of Kara Mustafa Pasha, with whom he had a number of sons.

Siege of Esztergom (1685)
The siege of Esztergom was a military conflict on August 16, 1685, between the armies of the Holy Roman Empire, particularly Imperial Austrian troops, and the Ottoman Empire during the Great Turkish War. The siege near today's town of Esztergom ended in defeat for the Ottomans.
Thumbprint Editions
Thumbprint Editions is a printmaking studio in London. The studio makes etchings and woodcuts with artists including Damien Hirst, Anish Kapoor, Michael Craig-Martin, Antony Gormley, Gillian Ayres, Cornelia Parker, Yinka Shonibare CBE and Gary Hume.

The studios are located in an industrial building in South London and are equipped with three Rochat etching presses, one relief press and a purpose built Dutch press, capable of printing etchings and relief prints up to 1.2m by 2.5m. A Spektraproof platemaking frame and a large printdown-frame and lamp can make photo-etchings and polymer Gravures.

Thumbprint Editions have produced prints published by Alan Cristea Gallery, Art on the Underground, Bronze Orchid, Capital Prints, Grimm Fine Art, Grosvenor Vadhera Gallery, Harvey Bayer Fine Art, Hollybush Gardens, ICA, Other Criteria, Paragon Press, Parasol Unit Foundation for Contemporary Art, Thumbprint publications, White Cube, Whitechapel Art Gallery, and World House Editions.

Antony Gormley
Sir Antony Mark David Gormley CH OBE RA (born 30 August 1950) is a British sculptor. His works include the Angel of the North, a public sculpture in Gateshead in the north of England, commissioned in 1994 and erected in February 1998; Another Place on Crosby Beach near Liverpool; and Event Horizon, a multipart site installation which premiered in London in 2007, then subsequently in Madison Square in New York City (2010), São Paulo (2012) and Hong Kong (2015–16).
Leamouth Lifting Footbridge
51°30′51″N 0°00′24″E﻿ / ﻿51.5142°N 0.0068°E﻿ / 51.5142; 0.0068

The Leamouth Lifting Footbridge or Leamouth North Bridge is a steel lifting arch bridge for pedestrians over Bow Creek, the estuary of the River Lea. It connects Leamouth in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets to Canning Town in the London Borough of Newham.

Arch bridge
An arch bridge is a bridge with abutments at each end shaped as a curved arch. Arch bridges work by transferring the weight of the bridge and its loads partially into a horizontal thrust restrained by the abutments at either side, and partially into a vertical load on the arch supports. A viaduct (a long bridge) may be made from a series of arches, although other more economical structures are typically used today.
Company E of the 167th Infantry of the Alabama National Guard Armory
The Company E of the 167th Infantry of the Alabama National Guard Armory is a historic building in Guntersville, Alabama.  The armory was built in 1936 by the Works Progress Administration.  It was one of 36 buildings constructed by the WPA for the Alabama National Guard, however its hilltop location, rough limestone block construction, and two towers flanking the main entry  give it a castellated style, rather than the Streamline Moderne style of the other state armories.  In 1978, the company was dissolved, and the armory was used as a fire station until 1998.

In 2006 it was renovated into the Guntersville Museum, and sits as the centerpiece of a public park, which includes a library and community theater.  The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.

Arsenal
An arsenal is a place where arms and ammunition are made, maintained and repaired, stored, or issued, in any combination, whether privately or publicly owned. Arsenal and armoury (British English) or armory (American English) are mostly regarded as synonyms, although subtle differences in usage exist.

A sub-armory is a place of temporary storage or carrying of weapons and ammunition, such as any temporary post or patrol vehicle that is only operational in certain times of the day.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 41
United Nations Security Council Resolution 41 was adopted on 28 February 1948. The Council commended the parties involved in the Indonesian National Revolution for their compliance with Resolution 27 in signing a truce agreement. The Council restated the offer made in Resolution 31 of a committee (consisting of Australia, Belgium, and the United States) to assist with the peaceful resolution of the conflict.

Resolution 41 passed with seven votes to none. Colombia, Syria, the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, and the Soviet Union abstained.

First Syrian Republic
The First Syrian Republic, officially the Syrian Republic, was formed in 1930 as a component of the Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon, succeeding the State of Syria. A treaty of independence was made in 1936 to grant independence to Syria and end official French rule, but the French parliament refused to accept the treaty. From 1940 to 1941, the Syrian Republic was under the control of Vichy France, and after the Allied invasion in 1941 gradually went on the path towards independence. The proclamation of independence took place in 1944, but only in October 1945 was the Syrian Republic de jure recognized by the United Nations; it became a de facto sovereign state on 17 April 1946, with the withdrawal of French troops. It was succeeded by the Second Syrian Republic upon the adoption of a new constitution on 5 September 1950.
2016 WRC3 Championship
The 2016 FIA WRC3 Championship was the fourth season of WRC3, a rallying championship organised and governed by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile, ran in support of the World Rally Championship. It was created when the Group R class of rally car was introduced in 2013. The Championship was composed of fourteen rallies, and drivers and teams had to nominate a maximum of six events. The best five results counted towards the championship.

Quentin Gilbert was the defending champion, as he won the 2015 title.

Quentin Gilbert
Quentin Gilbert (born 29 May 1989) is a French rally driver. He made his WRC debut in 2012 Rallye de France driving a Citroën DS3 R3T with his co-driver Tutelaire, Rémi.

In 2013, he competed in the WRC-3 championship, driving a Citroën DS3 R3T.
Carlton Hall
Carlton L. Hall (born c. 1975) is an American football coach. He is the co-defensive coordinator and defensive line coach for Augsburg University, positions he has held since 2025. He was the head football coach for Millikin University from 2022 to 2024. He also coached for Columbia, Georgetown, Harvard, Houston, West Alabama, Elon, Yale, Williams, Northwestern Oklahoma State, Southern Oregon, and the Tampa Bay Buccaneers of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for Vanderbilt as a linebacker and professionally for the San Diego Chargers of the NFL.

West Alabama Tigers football
The West Alabama Tigers football program is the intercollegiate American football team for the University of West Alabama located in the U.S. state of Alabama. The team competes in the NCAA Division II and is a member of the Gulf South Conference. West Alabama's first football team was fielded in 1938. The team plays its home games at the 7,000 seat Tiger Stadium in Livingston, Alabama. The Tigers are coached by Scott Cochran.
Daniela Kerkelova
Daniela Kerkelova (original name: Даниела Керкелова, born (1969-11-08)8 November 1969 in Devin) was a Bulgarian weightlifter, competing in the 69 kg category and representing Bulgaria at international competitions.

She participated at the 2000 Summer Olympics in the 69 kg event. She competed at world championships, most recently at the 1999 World Weightlifting Championships.

Devin, Bulgaria
Devin (Bulgarian: Девин [ˈdɛvin]) is a spa town in Smolyan Province in the far south of Bulgaria. It is the administrative centre of the homonymous Devin Municipality. As of December 2009, the town had a population of 7,054.
Adik Sa'Yo
Adik Sa'Yo (transl. addicted to you / international title: Love Games) is a 2009 Philippine television drama romantic comedy series broadcast by GMA Network. Directed by Joel Lamangan and Lore Reyes; it stars Jolina Magdangal, Jennica Garcia, Dennis Trillo and Marvin Agustin. It premiered on June 8, 2009, on the network's Telebabad line up. The series concluded on September 11, 2009, with a total of 70 episodes.

The series was released in DVD by GMA Records.

Philippine television drama
Philippine television drama, also known as teleserye is a form of melodramatic, serialized, televised fiction in the Philippines. Teleserye is derived from two Filipino words: "tele", short for "telebisyón" (television), and "serye" (series).

Teleseryes share characteristics with and have roots similar to soap operas and telenovelas. They have evolved into a genre with unique characteristics, however, and often reflect Filipino social reality. Teleseryes are aired in the afternoon and prime time, five days a week. Their audience crosses age and gender lines, and they have the highest advertising rates in the Philippine television industry. Series last from three months to a year or longer, depending on ratings.

Philippine TV dramas also include serials and anthologies, usually shown weekly. These dramas have a finite number of episodes and usually last one season, again depending on ratings.
Mongraal
Kyle Jackson (born 13 August 2004), better known as Mongraal is a British streamer and professional gamer. Playing Fortnite Battle Royale competitively since 2018, he has earned over $700,000. Streaming on Twitch, he has gained over 7 million followers.

MrSavage
Martin Foss Andersen (born 2004), known as MrSavage, is a Norwegian esports player. He is a professional Fortnite player and qualified to both solos and duos with his teammate Benjyfishy at the 2019 Fortnite World Cup.
Lakewood, Pennsylvania
Lakewood is a village that is located in Preston Township, Wayne County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is situated on Pennsylvania Route 370 (PA-370), approximately 7 miles (11 km) east of Thompson, Pennsylvania and about 10 miles (16 km) southwest of Hancock, New York.

Local government in Pennsylvania
Local government in Pennsylvania is government below the state level in Pennsylvania. There are six types of local governments listed in the Pennsylvania Constitution: county, township, borough, town, city, and school district. All of Pennsylvania is included in one of the state's 67 counties, which are in total subdivided into 2,560 municipalities. There are currently no independent cities or unincorporated territories within Pennsylvania. There is only one incorporated town in Pennsylvania, Bloomsburg.
Porten Pass
Porten Pass (72°12′S 2°23′E﻿ / ﻿72.200°S 2.383°E﻿ / -72.200; 2.383) is a mountain pass between Von Essen Mountain and Nupskammen Ridge in the Gjelsvik Mountains, Queen Maud Land. Photographed from the air by the German Antarctic Expedition (1938–39). Mapped by Norwegian cartographers from surveys and air photos by Norwegian-British-Swedish Antarctic Expedition (NBSAE) (1949–52) and air photos by the Norwegian expedition (1958–59) and named Porten (the gateway).

This article incorporates public domain material from "Porten Pass". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

New Swabia
New Swabia (Norwegian and German: Neuschwabenland) was an area of Antarctica explored, with the intention to claim it, by Nazi Germany between 1938 and 1939, within the Norwegian territorial claim of Queen Maud Land. The region was named after the expedition's ship, Schwabenland, itself named after the German region of Swabia. Although the name "New Swabia" is occasionally mentioned in historical contexts, it is not an officially recognized cartographic name in modern use. The area is now part of Queen Maud Land, governed under the Antarctic Treaty System.
Kohei Gondo
Kohei Gondo (権藤 公平, Gondō Kōhei; born 27 December 1991) is a Japanese badminton player and also plays for the Tonami badminton club. He was the 2013 men's doubles and 2014 mixed doubles semi-finalist at the USA International Challenge tournament.

USA International
The USA International is an international badminton tournament held in United States since 1998. This tournament formerly known as Miami PanAm International or Southern PanAm Classic and belongs to Badminton Pan Am.
Military Organization Lizard Union
Organizacja Wojskowa Związek Jaszczurczy (Military Organization Lizard Union, short form: Związek Jaszczurczy, abbreviated OW ZJ) was an organization of Polish resistance in World War II. Created in 1939 and transformed into National Armed Forces (Narodowe Siły Zbrojne, NSZ) in 1942, it represented the far right of the Polish political spectrum (related to the National Radical Camp (Obóz Narodowo-Radykalny, ONR) political party. It refused to recognise the broadly internationally recognised  Polish Government-in-exile, although there was some uneasy tactical cooperation for practical reasons. It and descendants also refused to recognise the Soviet-aligned Polish Committee of National Liberation and continued to resist the new Polish communist regime and the USSR after the war.

Polish Committee of National Liberation
The Polish Committee of National Liberation (Polish: Polski Komitet Wyzwolenia Narodowego, PKWN), also known as the Lublin Committee, was an executive governing authority established by the Soviet-backed communists in Poland at the later stage of World War II. It was officially proclaimed on 22 July 1944 in Chełm, installed on 26 July in Lublin and placed formally under the direction of the State National Council (Krajowa Rada Narodowa, KRN). The PKWN was a provisional entity functioning in opposition to the London-based Polish government-in-exile, which was recognized by the Western allies.[a] The PKWN exercised control over Polish territory retaken from Nazi Germany by the Soviet Red Army and the Polish People's Army. It was sponsored and controlled by the Soviet Union and dominated by Polish communists.
Grazhdansky
Grazhdansky (Russian: Гражданский; masculine), Grazhdanskaya (Гражданская; feminine), or Grazhdanskoye (Гражданское; neuter) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Grazhdansky, Republic of Adygea, a khutor in Maykopsky District of the Republic of Adygea

Grazhdansky, Chelyabinsk Oblast, a settlement in Yuzhno-Stepnoy Selsoviet of Kartalinsky District of Chelyabinsk Oblast

Grazhdansky, Krasnodar Krai, a settlement in Gazyrsky Rural Okrug of Vyselkovsky District of Krasnodar Krai

Grazhdansky, Oryol Oblast, a settlement in Mokhovskoy Selsoviet of Pokrovsky District of Oryol Oblast

Grazhdansky, Samara Oblast, a settlement in Krasnoarmeysky District of Samara Oblast

Grazhdanskoye, a selo in Grazhdansky Selsoviet of Mineralovodsky District of Stavropol Krai

Oryol Oblast
Oryol Oblast (Russian: Орло́вская о́бласть, romanized: Orlovskaya oblastʹ), also known as Orlovshchina (Russian: Орловщина), is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Oryol. Population: 713,374 (2021 census); 786,935 (2010 census);
British Military Administration (Eritrea)
The British Military Administration in Eritrea was established following the  Allied victory over Italy at the Battle of Keren in 1941. From 1941 to 1950, the political direction of Eritrea remained uncertain until the U.N. commission reached its compromise solution. With no clear consensus among the Allies on the  Italian colony’s post‑war status, Britain governed the territory under military administration until formally relinquishing control only in 1950.

During all of this period of British control, authorities undertook extensive dismantling of Italian‑built infrastructure as war reparations, while grappling with competing political visions for Eritrea’s future: proposals to partition it along religious lines,  Soviet-backed trusteeship ideas, and  Arab appeals for an independent state.

Italian Eritrea
Italian Eritrea (Italian: Colonia Eritrea, "Colony of Eritrea") was a colony of the Kingdom of Italy in the territory of present-day Eritrea. The first Italian establishment in the area was the purchase of Assab by the Rubattino Shipping Company in 1869, which came under government control in 1882. Occupation of Massawa in 1885 and the subsequent expansion of territory would gradually engulf the region and in 1889 the Ethiopian Empire recognized the Italian possession in the Treaty of Wuchale. In 1890 the Colony of Eritrea was officially founded.

In 1936 the region was integrated into Italian East Africa as the Eritrea Governorate. This would last until Italy's loss of the region in 1941, during the East African campaign of World War II. Italian Eritrea then came under British military administration, which in 1951 fell under United Nations supervision. In September 1952 it became an autonomous part of Ethiopia, until its independence in 1991.
Darayan II
Darayan II (also called Darius II; Aramaic: 𐡃‬𐡀𐡓𐡉‬𐡅‬ d’ryw) was king of Persis in the 1st century BC, a vassal state of the Parthian Empire. He was succeeded by his son Ardakhshir II.

In the silver drachmas of Darayan II, on the obverse, the king is wearing a tiara with a crescent and star symbol, earflap, and decorated with precious stones. On the reverse, the king is facing a fire altar & holding a scepter, with an inscription in Aramaic d’ryw mlk' brh wtprdt mlk’ ("Darius the King, son of Wadfradad the King").

Ancient drachma
In ancient Greece, the drachma (Greek: δραχμή, romanized: drachmḗ, [drakʰmέː]; pl. drachmae or drachmas) was an ancient currency unit issued by many city-states during a period of ten centuries, from the Archaic period throughout the Classical period, the Hellenistic period up to the Roman period. The ancient drachma originated in Greece around the 6th century BC. The coin, usually made of silver or sometimes gold had its origins in a bartering system that referred to a drachma as a handful of wooden spits or arrows.  The drachma was unique to each city state that minted them, and were sometimes circulated all over the Mediterranean. The coinage of Athens was considered to be the strongest and became the most popular.
Prime Minister's Medal of Appreciation
The Prime Minister's Medal of Appreciation is an award presented by the Prime Minister of Jamaica to those individuals whom he feels are worthy to be recognized for services to Jamaica or to those Jamaicans who have excelled in personal achievements outside of Jamaica.

It is not part of the Jamaican National Honours system.  Most recipients will not advance into the Honours system, but a few have been appointed into the Honours system.

Lloyd Honeyghan
Lloyd Honeyghan (born 22 April 1960) is a British former professional boxer who competed from 1980 to 1995. He reigned as the undisputed welterweight champion from 1986 to 1987, and held the WBC, The Ring magazine welterweight titles twice between 1986 and 1989. At regional level he held the British, European and Commonwealth welterweight titles between 1983 and 1985, and the Commonwealth super-welterweight title from 1993 to 1994.
Grillion's
Grillion's was a London dining club founded in 1812.  It was founded by the British diplomat Stratford Canning as a meeting place free from the violence of political controversy. The club had no premises but met at Grillion's Hotel on Albemarle Street, from which it took its name. Later it would meet at the Hotel Cecil. The club met weekly during parliamentary session.

The first fifty years of the Grillion's Club is recorded in the book Grillion's Club: From Its Origin In 1812 To Its Fiftieth Anniversary, written quoting many of the club's records by Sir Philip Grey Egerton. The book was privately printed at the Chiswick Press in 1880.

In the 19th and early 20th centuries, many leading statesmen belonged to the club, including prime ministers Gladstone, Salisbury, Balfour, Asquith, and Baldwin.

Stratford Canning, 1st Viscount Stratford de Redcliffe
Stratford Canning, 1st Viscount Stratford de Redcliffe (4 November 1786 – 14 August 1880), was a British diplomat who became best known as the longtime British Ambassador to the Ottoman Empire. A cousin of George Canning, he served as Envoy Extraordinary and Minister-Plenipotentiary to the United States between 1820 and 1824 and held his first appointment as Ambassador to the Ottoman Empire between 1825 and 1828.

He intermittently represented several constituencies in parliament between 1828 and 1842. In 1841 he was re-appointed as Ambassador to the Ottoman Empire, serving in the position from January 1842 to 1858. In 1852 he was elevated to the peerage as Viscount Stratford de Redcliffe. Canning's hopes of high political office were repeatedly dashed.
General Intelligence Service (Egypt)
The General Intelligence Service (Arabic: جهاز المخابرات العامة Gihaz El Mukhabarat El ‘Amma; GIS), often referred to as the Mukhabarat (Arabic: المخابرات El Mukhabarat) is an Egyptian intelligence agency, and secret police force, responsible for providing national security intelligence, both domestically and internationally. The GIS is part of the Egyptian intelligence community, together with the office of Military Intelligence Services and Reconnaissance (Arabic: إدارة المخابرات الحربية والاستطلاع Idarat El Mukhabarat El Ḥarbiya Wel Istitlaʾ) and National Security Agency (Arabic: قطاع الأمن الوطني Ketaʿ El Amn El Watani).

Secret police
Secret police (or political police) are government agencies that operate as secret services engaging in covert operations against a government's political, ideological or social opponents and dissidents. Secret police organizations are characteristic of police states governed by authoritarian and totalitarian regimes. They protect the political power of a dictator or regime and often operate outside the law to repress dissidents and weaken political opposition, frequently using violence. They may enjoy legal sanction to hold and charge suspects without ever identifying their organization.
Richard Diplock
Richard Sean Diplock (born 7 May 1965) is a Welsh former rugby union international.

Born in Ebbw Vale, Diplock was educated at Glan Afan Comprehensive School.

Diplock, who is a steelworker by profession, played his rugby union as a winger and represented Wales Youth. His only Wales cap came in a loss at home to Romania in 1988. He competed mostly for Aberavon and Bridgend at club level, with a stint too at Sydney club Drummoyne, before retiring from rugby at the age of 35.

Aberavon RFC
Aberavon Rugby Club (Welsh: Clwb Rygbi Aberafan) is a rugby union club located in the Welsh town of Port Talbot, though the club's name refers to the older settlement of Aberavon which lies on the western side of the town.

The club was founded in 1876 as Afan Football Club, and changed names several times before settling on Aberavon Rugby Football Club. They joined the Welsh Rugby Union in 1887.