hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Regional Cooperation Initiative for the elimination of the LRA
The Regional Cooperation Initiative for the elimination of the LRA (RCI-LRA) with its military arm, the African Union Regional Task Force (AU-RTF or RTF) was a multi-national operation to counter the Lord's Resistance Army (LRA). 
On 22 November 2011 the AU Peace and Security Council authorized the RCI-LRA with the mandate to "strengthen the operational capabilities of the countries affected by the atrocities of the LRA, create an environment conducive to the stabilization of the affected areas, free of LRA atrocities, and facilitate the delivery of humanitarian aid to affected areas." The United Nations provided logistical support, the European Union and African Union contributed additional funding, and the United States provided non-combat military and strategic support.

Operations began in central Africa in March 2012. RTF military operations effectively ended in mid-2017 with the withdrawal of Ugandan and U.S. troops, and the AU officially ended the RCI-LRA on 20 September 2018.

Dominic Ongwen
Dominic Ongwen (born 1975) is a Ugandan former child soldier and former commander of one of the brigades of the Ugandan guerrilla group Lord's Resistance Army (LRA).

He was detained in 2014 and in 2021 the International Criminal Court convicted him of war crimes and crimes against humanity, including murder, rape, torture, and enslavement.
Desire of the Rhino King
Desire of the Rhino King is a compilation album released in 1991 by experimental rock musician and guitarist Adrian Belew. It includes songs from Belew's first three solo albums for Island Records: Lone Rhino (1982), Twang Bar King (1983), and Desire Caught By the Tail (1986).

Track 18 is an outtake from the Desire sessions, appearing for the first time on CD.  It was first released on a Flexi disc included with the March 1987 issue of Guitar Player.

Guitar Player
Guitar Player was an American magazine for guitarists, founded in 1967 in San Jose, California. It contained articles, interviews, reviews and lessons covering artists, genres and products. The magazine was last edited by Christopher Scapelliti. The print magazine ceased publication in 2024; the December issue was the magazine's last.
Robert Cunningham Humphreys
Robert Cunninghan Humphreys (July 30, 1905 - October 15, 1965) was born in Greenville, Ohio. He was a student at Columbia University from 1926 to 1927.

In 1926, Humphreys was appointed deputy attorney general for the state of New York during the 1926 election when voting machines were used for the first time

Humphreys' early political experience came as publicity director for the Indiana Republican State Committee in the elections of 1932 and 1934. In 1933 Humphreys joined the staff of International News Service (INS) as a political writer, eventually becoming the bureau manager of the Kansas City office. For the 1936 election year, he was assigned by INS to Topeka, Kansas and the Alf Landon presidential campaign. During the time that Humphreys traveled with Landon's campaign train the two men developed a close relationship which was to last until the time of Humphreys' death.

International News Service
The International News Service (INS) was a U.S.-based news agency (newswire) founded by newspaper publisher William Randolph Hearst in 1909.

The INS consistently ranked as the third-largest news agency in the U.S., trailing behind its major competitors, the Associated Press and United Press. Despite notable achievements and considerable investments, the INS never managed to surpass its rivals. At its peak, the INS served 19 percent of American daily newspapers (1948). In May 1958 it merged with rival United Press to become United Press International.
Crystal Lake (Vilas County, Wisconsin)
Crystal Lake is one of at least 22 lakes of that name in the state of Wisconsin. It has a surface area of about 93 acres, and is located just south of Big Muskellunge Lake, in Vilas County in the Northern Highland region of Wisconsin. The nearest community is Sayner, about 5 miles to the east. Visitors have access to the lake from a public boat landing, public beaches and the Northern Highland-American Legion State Forest. Fish include panfish, largemouth bass, and trout.

Crystal Lake is a seepage lake, having neither tributary nor effluent. The lake has a maximum depth of 67 feet and a mean depth of 34 feet. The lake has very clear water, comparable to that of Lake Tahoe in California, or Crater Lake in Oregon.

Oligotroph
An oligotroph is an organism that can live in an environment that offers very low levels of nutrients. They may be contrasted with copiotrophs, which prefer nutritionally rich environments. Oligotrophs are characterized by slow growth, low rates of metabolism, and generally low population density. Oligotrophic environments are those that offer little to sustain life. These environments include deep oceanic sediments, caves, glacial and polar ice, deep subsurface soil, aquifers, ocean waters, and leached soils.

Examples of oligotrophic organisms are the cave-dwelling olm; the bacterium "Candidatus Pelagibacter communis", which is the most abundant organism in the ocean (with an estimated 2 × 1028 individuals in total); and lichens, with their extremely low metabolic rate.
Oreocome
Oreocome is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Apiaceae.

Its native range is Afghanistan to Southern Central China.

Species:

Oreocome aegopodioides Pimenov & Kljuykov

Oreocome arguta (Lindl.) Pimenov & Kljuykov

Oreocome depauperata Pimenov & Kljuykov

Oreocome duriuscula (Rech.f. & Riedl) Pimenov & Kljuykov

Oreocome hindukushensis Pimenov & Kljuykov

Oreocome involucellata Pimenov & Kljuykov

Oreocome limprichtii (H.Wolff) Pimenov & Kljuykov

Oreocome nuristanica Pimenov & Kljuykov

Apiaceae
Apiaceae (/ˌeɪpiˈeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/ ⓘ), also called Umbelliferae, is a family of mostly aromatic flowering plants named after the type genus Apium, and commonly known as the celery, carrot, or parsley family, or simply as umbellifers. It is the 16th-largest family of flowering plants, with more than 3,800 species in about 446 genera, including such well-known, and economically important plants as ajwain, angelica, anise, asafoetida, caraway, carrot, celery, chervil, coriander, cumin, dill, fennel, lovage, cow parsley, parsley, parsnip and sea holly, as well as silphium, a plant whose exact identity is unclear and which may be extinct.

The family Apiaceae includes a significant number of phototoxic species, such as giant hogweed, and a smaller number of highly poisonous species, such as poison hemlock, water hemlock, spotted cowbane, fool's parsley, and various species of water dropwort.
Laadam
Laadam (transl. Horseshoe) is a 2009 Indian Tamil-language gangster thriller film written and directed by Prabhu Solomon and produced by Ponnurangam. The film stars debutant Arun Joghee and Charmy Kaur, while Kota Srinivasa Rao, Jayaprakash, Dheeraj Kher and Manorama play supporting roles. The music was composed by Dharan. This film is loosely based on 2006 crime thriller film Lucky Number Slevin. The film released on 20 February 2009. Upon release, the film was dubbed into Telugu as 16 Days with Dharmavarapu Subrahmanyam and Ramjagan replacing Chitti Babu and Lollu Sabha Manohar, respectively.

Lollu Sabha Manohar
Lollu Saba Manohar (born 10 January 1958) is an Indian actor and comedian who has appeared in Tamil cinema. He started his career with the television show Lollu Sabha alongside other comedians, including Santhanam.
Ted Gioia
Ted Gioia (born October 21, 1957) is an American jazz critic and music historian. He is author of 12 books, including Music: A Subversive History, The Jazz Standards: A Guide to the Repertoire, The History of Jazz and Delta Blues. He is also a jazz musician and one of the founders of Stanford University's jazz studies program.

Deems Taylor
Joseph Deems Taylor (December 22, 1885 – July 3, 1966) was an American composer, radio commentator, music critic, and author. Nat Benchley, co-editor of The Lost Algonquin Roundtable, referred to him as "the dean of American music." He was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 1934.
Electoral district of Stanley Boroughs
Stanley Boroughs was an electoral district for the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales created in 1856 election, named after the County of Stanley (part of Queensland after 1859) and including the towns of North Brisbane, South Brisbane, Kangaroo Point and Ipswich. The surrounding rural parts of the County of Stanley were in Stanley County. It was abolished in 1859 and replaced with Brisbane and Ipswich.

County of Stanley, Queensland
The County of Stanley is a cadastral division centred on the city of Brisbane in Queensland, Australia, that is used mainly for the purpose of registering land titles. It was named after Edward Stanley, who was three times British prime minister in the 1850s and 1860s. It is bounded by the Logan River in the south, the Brisbane River at what is now Lake Wivenhoe in the west, the Stanley River at what is now Lake Somerset in the north-west, and Caboolture River in the north. It includes Moreton Island and Stradbroke Island, and extends west to Ipswich's CBD, south to Loganlea and north to Morayfield.
John D. Jernegan
John Durnford Jernegan (June 12, 1911 – November 6, 1980) was an American career Foreign Service Officer who served as the Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to Iraq from 1958 until the Government of Iraq requested his departure on June 2, 1962. He left his post on June 11, 1962. Jernegan was also Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to Algeria from 1965 until Algeria severed diplomatic relations with the United States on June 6, 1967.

Foreign Service officer
A Foreign Service officer (FSO) is a commissioned member of the United States Foreign Service. FSOs formulate and implement the foreign policy of the United States. They spend most of their careers overseas as members of U.S. embassies, consulates, and other diplomatic missions, though some receive assignments to serve at combatant commands, Congress, and educational institutions such as the various U.S. service academies.

As of 2021, there were over 8,000 FSOs.
Châu Thành district, An Giang province
Châu Thành is a district (huyện) of An Giang province in the Mekong Delta region of Vietnam.

As of 2019 the district had a population of 151,368. The district covers an area of 347 km2. The district capital lies at An Châu.

It was created when the district Châu Thành X was split into Châu Thành and Thoại Sơn district, under decree 300/CP  on August 23, 1979. Under South Vietnam, it was part of Long Xuyên province.

The district comprises the thị trấn An Châu (huyện lỵ) and 12 communes, which include a total of 63 hamlets. It borders four other districts, these being Tịnh Biên district, Châu Phú district, Chợ Mới, Thoại Sơn district and the nearby city of Long Xuyên.

The terrain is flat, and is bisected by the Hậu River.

The ethnic groups in the area in order of size, are ethnic Vietnamese, Khmer Krom, Cham, and Hoa. Hòa Hảo is the most common religion in the area.

Viet people
The Kinh people (Vietnamese: người Kinh, lit. 'Metropolitan people'), also known as the Viet people (Vietnamese: người Việt), are a Southeast Asian ethnicity native to modern-day northern Vietnam, who expanded southwards in the last millennium. They speak Vietnamese, the most widely used Austroasiatic language, and are one of the four main Vietic-speaking groups in Vietnam, the others being the Mường, Thổ, and Chứt.

The Viet accounted for 85.32% of Vietnam's population in the 2019 census and are officially designated as the Kinh people to distinguish them from minority groups in the country, such as the Mường, Tày, Hmong, and Cham. Diasporic descendants of the Kinh in Guangxi, China, known as the Gin people, are one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by China. The Viet also constitute the majority of the Vietnamese diaspora worldwide.
Percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration
Percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration (PESA) is a technique used to determine sperm counts in the event of a possible blockage of the vas deferens. It is an alternative to microepidydimal sperm aspiration (MESA), and aims to address the technical difficulty and cost of MESA. A small needle is inserted through the skin of the scrotum to collect sperm from the epididymis, where sperm are usually stored after production in the testes. It can also be used to extract sperm for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).

Vas deferens
The vas deferens (pl.: vasa deferentia), ductus deferens (pl.: ductūs deferentes), or sperm duct is part of the male reproductive system of many vertebrates. In mammals, spermatozoa are produced in the seminiferous tubules and flow into the epididymal duct. The end of the epididymis is connected to the vas deferens. The vas deferens ends with an opening into the ejaculatory duct at a point where the duct of the seminal vesicle also joins the ejaculatory duct.
The vas deferens is a partially coiled tube which exits the abdominal cavity through the inguinal canal.
Vasilyev Brothers State Prize of the RSFSR
The Vasilyev Brothers State Prize of the RSFSR was an annual State Prize established by the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR (Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic) in 1965. Three Vasilyev Brothers prizes were awarded annually from 1966 until 1990 for cinematographic works of all kinds (fiction, documentary, non-fiction and animated) and for work by screenwriters, directors, actors, cameramen, artists, sound engineers and consultants. A winner was awarded the title "Laureate of RSFSR State Prize" and was presented with a diploma and badge of honour.

The Vasilyev brothers were two unrelated Russian Soviet film directors, Georgi Vasiliev (Russian: Георгий Николаевич Васильев, 1899 – 1946) and Sergei Vasiliev (Russian: Сергей Дмитриевич Васильев, 1900 – 1959).

Georgi Vasilyev
Georgi Nikolayevich Vasilyev (Russian: Гео́ргий Никола́евич Васи́льев) (25 November 1899 – 18 June 1946) was a Soviet film director, screenwriter and actor. From 1928 to 1943, together with Sergei Vasilyev (often jointly, though incorrectly credited as Vasilyev brothers), he co-directed several films, including an influential and critically acclaimed Chapaev (1934). Georgi Vasilyev received two Stalin Prizes in 1941 and 1942.
Tonya Matthews
Tonya Matthews is an American biomedical engineer and administrator who serves as the Chief Executive Officer and President of the International African American Museum in Charleston, South Carolina.

She previously served as the CEO and President of Michigan Science Center, where in 2016, she helped launch the STEMinista Project to engage middle school girls about science. Matthews was also the Associate Provost for Inclusive Workforce Development at Wayne State University.

International African American Museum
The International African American Museum (IAAM) is a museum of African-American history in Charleston, South Carolina, located at a former shipping wharf where approximately 40% of the nation's enslaved persons disembarked. The museum opened June 27, 2023, after 20 years of planning.
Gian Franco Reverberi
Gian Franco Reverberi (Italian pronunciation: [dʒaɱ ˈfraŋko reˈvɛrberi]; 12 December 1934 – 8 January 2024) was an Italian composer and musician. He worked mainly on the soundtracks for Spaghetti Westerns.

Reverberi was one of the first Italian rock music artists. He also worked with his brother Gian Piero on the song "Last Men Standing" (or "Il carico d'oro 
") from the 1968 soundtrack of Django, Prepare a Coffin (Preparati la bara!) (one of many unofficial sequels to Django), which was sampled in Gnarls Barkley's hit "Crazy". Both brothers are listed as writers of the song.

Among his other credited film scores are Soldati e capelloni (1967), A Black Veil for Lisa (1968), Chimera (1968), ¡Viva América! (1969), Venus in Furs (1969), La ragazza del prete (1970), Black Turin (1972), Black Magic Rites (1973) and A Policewoman on the Porno Squad (1979). He also worked with Enzo Jannacci and Giorgio Gaber.

Reverberi died in Genoa on 8 January 2024, three weeks after his 89th birthday.

A Black Veil for Lisa
A Black Veil for Lisa (Italian: La morte non ha sesso, lit. 'Death has no gender') is a 1968 thriller film directed by Massimo Dallamano.

The film follows narcotics detective Franz Buloff as he investigates a drug ring and hires a hitman, Max Lindt, to kill his wife, Lisa, suspecting her involvement.
Alice (locomotive)
Alice is an 0-4-0ST steam locomotive. It was built in 1902 by the Hunslet Engine Company (works number 780) for the Dinorwic quarry  at Llanberis, in North Wales. It was originally called No. 4; there was an earlier locomotive called Alice which was built in 1889 (works number 492) and later renamed King of the Scarlets.

Dinorwic quarry
Dinorwic quarry (/dɪˈnɔːrwɪɡ/ din-OR-wig; Welsh: [dɪˈnɔrwɪɡ]; also known as Dinorwig quarry) is a large former slate quarry, now home to the Welsh National Slate Museum, located between the villages of Llanberis and Dinorwig (formerly Dinorwic) in Wales. At its height at the start of the 20th century, it was the second largest slate quarry in Wales (and thus, the world), after the neighbouring Penrhyn quarry near Bethesda.  Dinorwic covered 700 acres (283 ha) consisting of two main quarry sections with 20 galleries in each. Extensive internal tramway systems connected the quarries using inclines to transport slate between galleries. Since its closure in 1969, the quarry has become the site of the National Slate Museum, a regular film location, hiking location, and an extreme rock climbing destination.
International Arts & Artists
International Arts & Artists (IA&A) is an international, nonprofit arts service organization based in Washington, D.C., United States that is "dedicated to increasing cross-cultural understanding and exposure to the arts internationally" according to its mission statement.

IA&A helps museums, foundations, and private collectors share and exchange a diverse range of art through traveling exhibition services. IA&A is a sponsor for J-1 visas to individuals across the arts industries through their cultural exchange training programs, professional development, and exhibition services. IA&A owns and operates IA&A at Hillyer, a contemporary art space in Dupont Circle, Washington DC.

On view in IA&A's Washington office are select works from Tools as Art: The Hechinger Collection. Consisting of over 350 works of art, the collection was donated in its entirety to IA&A in 2003 by John S. Hechinger, founder of the Hechinger Company.

Alexander Archipenko
Alexander Porfyrovych Archipenko (May 30 [O.S. May 18] 1887 – February 25, 1964) was a Ukrainian-American avant-garde artist, sculptor, and graphic artist, active in France and the United States. He was one of the first to apply the principles of Cubism to architecture, analyzing human figures into geometrical forms.
Thomas Widdrington (died 1660)
Thomas Widdrington (baptized 19 June 1640 – May 1660) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons in 1660.

Widdrington was the son of Sir Thomas Widdrington and was baptised at St. Martin's, Coney Street, York on 19 June 1640. He was educated at Wormley School, Hertfordshire. He matriculated from Christ's College, Cambridge in 1654 and was awarded an MA in 1656. In April 1660, while still a minor, he was elected member of parliament (MP) for Morpeth in the Convention Parliament. He obtained leave to accompany Thomas Fairfax, 3rd Lord Fairfax of Cameron in a delegation to King Charles II and died at The Hague, The Netherlands of a violent fever at the age of about 20.

Morpeth (UK Parliament constituency)
Morpeth was a constituency centred on the town of Morpeth in Northumberland represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of England from 1553 to 1707, the Parliament of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800, and then the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1800 to 1983.

The Parliamentary Borough of Morpeth first sent Members (MPs) to Parliament in 1553. It elected two MPs under the bloc vote system until the 1832 general election, when the Great Reform Act reduced its representation to one MP, elected under the first past the post system. The seat was redesignated as a county constituency for the 1950 general election and abolished for the 1983 general election.
Transylvanian Society of Dracula
The Transylvanian Society of Dracula (TSD) is a cultural-historic, non-profit, non-governmental organization. Its members include Romanian and international scholars, folklorists, historians, esoterists, writers, cultural anthropologists, and individuals interested in comparative religion, magic and mythology. The TSD organizes scholarly activities both in Romania and abroad, as well as tours to sites of TSD interest in Romania.
Some high ranked Romanian members make money out of the touristic activities of the organization, through the Company of Mysterious Journeys tourist agency. Modifications to this agency have occurred since the founder Nicolae Paduraru died. The Halloween 2011 tour, for example, did not include Bran Castle or Curtea Veche -in spite of what was published on their website, but it included a beauty pageant. One of the Romanian members of TSD working at the agency was one of the presenters of the pageant.

Curtea Veche
Curtea Veche (the Old Princely Court) was built as a palace or residence during the rule of Vlad III Dracula in 1459. Archaeological excavations started in 1953, and now the site is operated by the Muzeul Municipiului București in the historic centre of Bucharest, Romania.
Pronephrium
Pronephrium is a genus of ferns in the family Thelypteridaceae, subfamily Thelypteridoideae, in the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I). Other sources sink Pronephrium into a very broadly defined genus Thelypteris. Some species were split off into the genera Abacopteris, Grypothrix and Menisciopsis in 2021 as a result of a phylogenetic study of the family Thelypteridaceae.

The genus was first described in 1851 by Carl Borivoj Presl.

Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group
The Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group (PPG) is an informal international group of systematic botanists who collaborate to establish on the classification of pteridophytes (lycophytes and ferns) that reflects knowledge about plant relationships discovered through phylogenetic studies. In 2016, the group published a classification for extant pteridophytes, termed "PPG I". The paper had 94 authors (26 principal and 68 additional).
The classification was presented as a consensus classification supported by the community of fern taxonomists. Alternative classifications of ferns exist and are preferred by some.
Szeligi, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Szeligi [ʂɛˈliɡi] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Pawłów, within Starachowice County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) east of Pawłów, 14 km (9 mi) south-east of Starachowice, and 41 km (25 mi) east of the regional capital Kielce.

Starachowice County
Starachowice County (Polish: powiat starachowicki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, south-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Starachowice, which lies 37 kilometres (23 mi) north-east of the regional capital Kielce. The only other town in the county is Wąchock, lying 5 km (3 mi) north-west of Starachowice.

The county covers an area of 523.27 square kilometres (202.0 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 89,925, out of which the population of Starachowice is 48,646, that of Wąchock is 2,766, and the rural population is 38,513.