hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Stanley Langbein
Stanley I. Langbein is an American lawyer, academic, and author. He is a professor of law at the University of Miami, where he teaches administrative law, federal and international taxation, banking law, and commercial law.

Langbein practiced law in Washington, D.C. for over a decade and previously served as a Treasury official and as a Law Clerk for the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals. He is the author of four books, including Federal Income Taxation of Banks and Financial Institutions and Financial Institution Acquisitions and Alliances. Additionally, he has made expert appearances in cases such as Scadif v. First Union National Bank (2003), Daikin AC v. Eastern National Bank (2010), BankUnited v. United States (2024), and Wal-Mart Puerto Rico v. Zaragoza-Gomez (2016).

First Union
First Union Corporation was a bank holding company that provided commercial and retail banking services in eleven states in the eastern U.S. First Union also provided various other financial services, including mortgage banking, credit card, investment banking (First Union Securities), investment advisory, home equity lending, asset-based lending, leasing, insurance, international and securities brokerage services and private equity through First Union Capital Partners, and through other subsidiaries.

In September 2001, First Union completed their acquisition of Wachovia National Bank to become Wachovia Corporation, which used to be one of the largest financial holding companies in the U.S. As of the end of 2000, First Union had over $171 billion of total assets, over 70,000 employees and 2,193 branches. After their acquisition of Wachovia, they assumed the name and stock ticker symbol of the latter company.
John Downey (Iowa politician)
John Downey (1834–1906) was an Irish-born American politician.

A native of Belfast born in 1834, Downey sailed to New York City at the age of twenty. He traveled to Ohio two years later, and in 1857, settled in Lee County, Iowa. Throughout his political career, Downey was affiliated with the Democratic Party. He was a trustee of Charleston Township, and served for two decades as a justice of the peace. Between 1894 and 1898, Downey was a member of the Iowa Senate for District 1. Downey fell ill with tuberculosis in 1903, and died of the disease on his farm near Charleston, Iowa, on 28 October 1906.

Iowa Senate
41°35′28″N 93°36′14″W﻿ / ﻿41.591°N 93.604°W﻿ / 41.591; -93.604

The Iowa Senate is the upper house of the Iowa General Assembly. There are 50 seats in the Iowa Senate, representing 50 single-member districts across the state of Iowa with populations of approximately 63,807 per constituency, as of the 2020 United States census. Each Senate district is composed of two House districts. The Senate meets at the Iowa State Capitol in Des Moines.

Unlike the lower house, the Iowa House of Representatives, senators serve four-year terms, with no term limits. Terms are staggered so that half the Senate is up for reelection every two years.
Winant Avenue Bridge
The Winant Avenue Bridge is a vehicular movable bridge spanning the Hackensack River in Bergen County, New Jersey 14 miles (23 km)  from its mouth at Newark Bay. Built in 1934, it is also known as the Route 46 Hackensack River Bridge and S46 Bridge, it carries U.S. Route 46 (US 46) in Little Ferry and Ridgefield Park.  Owned and operated by the  New Jersey Department of Transportation (NJDOT), the double leaf bascule bridge is located on a navigable reach. While there have been no requests since 1978, the Code of Federal Regulations last amended in 1999 requires 24-hour notice to be opened.
The bridge has been minimally altered since its construction and is eligible for individual listing on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).

Hackensack River
The Hackensack River is a river, about 45 miles (72 km) long, in the U.S. states of New York and New Jersey, emptying into Newark Bay, a back chamber of New York Harbor. The watershed of the river includes part of the suburban area outside New York City just west of the lower Hudson River, which it roughly parallels, separated from it by the New Jersey Palisades. It also flows through and drains the New Jersey Meadowlands. The lower river, which is navigable as far as the city of Hackensack, is heavily industrialized and forms a commercial extension of Newark Bay.

Once believed to be among the most polluted watercourses in the United States, it staged a modest revival by the late 2000s. The river is divided into the upper river, north of the Oradell Reservoir and Oradell Dam, and lower river, south of the reservoir and dam.
Cellesche Zeitung
The Cellesche Zeitung is a medium-size local newspaper with a circulation of 32,200. It is distributed in the town and district of Celle in North Germany by Schweiger & Pick Verlag. Apart from the periphery of its area with Hanover Region, where it also competes with the Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung, the Cellesche Zeitung has a monopoly over local reporting.

Despite its moderate scale, the newspaper has its own full editorial team which produces not only local news, but also pan-regional features on politics, the economy and sport.

Hanover Region
Hanover Region (German: Region Hannover) is a district in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the districts of Heidekreis, Celle, Gifhorn, Peine, Hildesheim, Hameln-Pyrmont, Schaumburg and Nienburg.

The Hanover Region district has a unique legal status among the districts of Lower Saxony. It includes the city of Hanover (the state capital) which has the same privileges as a kreisfreie Stadt, a city that is not part of a district. As a consequence, the district is much larger in population than any other district of the state. Its administrative body is the regional parliament (Regionsparlament), headed by the regional president (Regionspräsident), which since 2021 is Steffen Krach (SPD). The members of the regional parliament are elected once every five years and the regional president is elected also every five years in local elections.
Torneo Nacional Interprovincial
Torneo Nacional Interprovincial is the third tier of the Bolivian Football pyramid. In Torneo Nacional Interprovincial 2012 will comprise the champions of the nine provincial championship and the host team from Tarija. The winners will be promoted to the 2012–13 Liga Nacional B, while the second place will compete in Copa Bolivia.

Tarija
Tarija or San Bernardo de la Frontera de Tarixa is a city in southern Bolivia. Founded in 1574, Tarija is the largest city and capital and municipality within the Tarija Department, with an airport offering regular service to primary Bolivian cities, like Bolivia capital La Paz, as well as a regional bus terminal with domestic and international connections. Its climate is semi-arid (BSh) with generally mild temperatures in contrast to the harsh cold of the Altiplano (e.g., La Paz) and the year-round humid heat of the Amazon Basin (e.g., Santa Cruz de la Sierra). Tarija has a population of 234,442 as of 2013.

The cities lies in a depression in the eastern Andes known as the Central Valley of Tarija.
Former Nine Years' War
The Zenkunen War (前九年の役, Zenkunen no Eki), also known in English as the Former Nine Years' War or the Early Nine Years' War, was fought between the Imperial Court and the Abe clan in Mutsu Province, in Northeast Japan, from 1051 to 1062. It resulted in Imperial Court victory and the surrender of Abe no Sadato. Like the other major conflicts of the Heian period, such as the Gosannen War and the Genpei War, the Zenkunen war was a struggle for power within the samurai clans.

Mutsu Province
Mutsu Province (陸奥国, Mutsu no Kuni; Japanese pronunciation: [mɯꜜ.tsɯ (no kɯ.ɲi)]) was a province of Japan in what is now Fukushima, Miyagi, Iwate and Aomori Prefectures and the municipalities of Kazuno and Kosaka in Akita Prefecture.

Mutsu Province is also known as Ōshū (奥州) or Michinoku (陸奥 or 道奥); the Eastern Old Japanese name varied between Mutu and Miti.

The termis often used to refer to

The combined area of Mutsu and the neighbouring Dewa Province is the Tōhoku region, which was also known as Ōu (奥羽) via on'yomi reading (using Chinese pronunciations of the kanji) used for Mutsu and Dewa.
Ge'alya
Ge'alya, sometimes written Galia (Hebrew: גְּאַלְיָה), is a moshav in central Israel. Located in the coastal plain and covering 2,000 dunams, it falls under the jurisdiction of Gan Raveh Regional Council. In 2022 it had a population of 924.

Dunam
A dunam (Ottoman Turkish, Arabic: دونم; Turkish: dönüm; Hebrew: דונם; Yiddish: דונאם), also known as a donum or dunum and as the old, Turkish, or Ottoman stremma, was the Ottoman unit of area analogous in role (but not equal) to the Greek stremma or English acre, representing the amount of land that could be ploughed by a team of oxen in a day. The legal definition was "forty standard paces in length and breadth", but its actual area varied considerably from place to place, from a little more than 900 square metres [9,690 sq ft] in Ottoman Palestine to around 2,500 square metres [26,910 square feet] in Iraq.

The unit is still in use in many areas previously ruled by the Ottomans, although the new or metric dunam has been redefined as exactly one decare (1,000 square metres [10,760 square feet]), which is 1/10 hectare (1/10 × 10,000 square metres [107,640 square feet]), like the modern Greek royal stremma.
University Town station (Shenzhen Metro)
University Town station (simplified Chinese: 大学城站; traditional Chinese: 大學城站; pinyin: Dàxuéchéng Zhàn; Jyutping: daai6 hok6 sing4 zaam6) is a station on Line 5 of the Shenzhen Metro. It opened on 22 June 2011. The station is an underground station and serves the University Town of Shenzhen.

Shenzhen Metro
The Shenzhen Metro (深圳地铁) is the rapid transit system of the city of Shenzhen in Guangdong Province, China. The newest lines and extensions which opened on December 27, 2024 put the network at 609.5 kilometres (378.7 miles) of trackage. It currently operates on 17 lines with 421 stations. Despite having only opened on December 28, 2004, the Shenzhen Metro is the 5th longest metro system in the world. By 2035, the network is planned to comprise 8 express and 24 non-express lines totaling 1,142 kilometres (710 miles) of trackage.
Cédric Heymans
Cédric Heymans (born 20 July 1978) is a French former rugby union footballer who played mainly as a wing or a full-back for French Top 14 club Toulouse and the France national team.

Known for his pace and his footwork, he started his club career with Brive where he won the Heineken Cup in 1997 before moving to Agen, where he stayed four seasons. He then moved to Toulouse in 2001 and won the Heineken Cup three times and the Top 14 twice. After ten years spent with the most successful club in France, he played two seasons for Bayonne before retiring in 2013.

Heymans scored 16 tries for the France national team within 59 caps. He won the Six Nations Championship three times, including one Grand Slam in 2004.

SU Agen Lot-et-Garonne
Sporting Union Agen Lot-et-Garonne (French pronunciation: [spɔʁtɪŋ ynjɔ̃ aʒɛ̃ lɔt e ɡaʁɔn]), commonly referred to as SU Agen, Agen (French pronunciation: [aʒɛ̃]) or SUALG, is a French professional rugby union club based in Agen, Lot-et-Garonne that competes in the Pro D2, France's second division of rugby.

Founded in 1908, Agen is one of the historic clubs in French rugby, having won the French Championship eight times. Its home ground is the Stade Armandie and traditional club colours are navy blue and white.

The club is renowned for its youth system and its academy structure.
Sally Achey
Sally Achey is a former American politician from Vermont. Achey is a member of the Vermont Republican Party. She was a member of the 2021–2023  Vermont House of Representatives - defeating Robin Chesnut-Tangerman in the 2020 general election by a slim 32 votes. Achey, concerned about the fiscal cost of the VT Global Warming Solutions Act, ran against Chesnut-Tangerman again in 2022 and lost 962 to 855.

2020 Vermont House of Representatives election
The 2020 Vermont House of Representatives elections took place as part of the biennial United States elections. Vermont voters elected all 150 state representatives from 104 districts, with each district electing between one and two representatives. State representatives serve two-year terms in the Vermont House of Representatives. A primary election on August 11, 2020, determined which candidates appeared on the November 3 general election ballot. All the members elected will serve in the Vermont General Assembly.
Carl Paul
Carlton Hutton Paul Jr. (August 17, 1917 – February 26, 1983) was an American sailor and mechanical engineer. He competed in the mixed 6 metres at the 1936 Summer Olympics. He was the stepson of William Bartholomae Jr., a fellow competitor.

Sailing at the 1936 Summer Olympics – 6 Metre
The 6 Metre was a sailing event on the Sailing at the 1936 Summer Olympics program in Firth of Kiel. A thrilling series of seven races was on the agenda, featuring a diverse fleet of 12 boats. A total of 60 skilled sailors from 12 different nations came together, each eager to showcase their prowess on the water.
Riviera Life
"Riviera Life" is the fifth single by Dutch jazz singer Caro Emerald from her debut album Deleted Scenes from the Cutting Room Floor. It was released on 15 April 2011 as a Digital download in the Netherlands. Written by David Schreurs and Vincent Degiorgio, the song is based on a scene in Hitchcock's 1955 movie To Catch A Thief.

Deleted Scenes from the Cutting Room Floor
Deleted Scenes from the Cutting Room Floor is the debut album by Dutch singer Caro Emerald. The album was conceived, written and produced as a studio project by David Schreurs, Vincent Degiorgio, Jan van Wieringen and Caroline van der Leeuw, and released in the Netherlands with Emerald as the starring artist on 29 January 2010 on their own label Grandmono.

The album was preceded by the hit singles "Back It Up", officially released in the Netherlands on 6 July 2009, and "A Night Like This", released on 11 December 2009.

On 28 June 2011, a new version of the album has been released in Italy, featuring a DVD, three bonus tracks recorded live, and a duet with Italian singer Giuliano Palma in the song "(Vivere) Riviera Life".
Norman A. Bailey
Norman Alishan Bailey  (born 1931) is President of the Institute for Global Economic Growth, an international economic consultant, and a former US government official. He is an adjunct professor at the Institute of World Politics and teaches a course on "Economics for Foreign Policy Makers."

Institute of World Politics
The Institute of World Politics (IWP) is a private graduate school of security, intelligence, and international affairs in Washington, D.C., and Reston, Virginia. Founded in 1990, the school offers courses related to intelligence, national security, and diplomatic communities.
Douglas Souza
Douglas Correia de Souza (born 20 August 1995) is a Brazilian volleyball player, former member of the Brazil men's national volleyball team, 2016 Olympic Champion, silver medallist of the 2014 World Championship, gold medallist of the 2019 World Cup, two–time South American Champion (2017, 2019). On the club level, he plays for Farma Condé Vôlei.

2017 Men's South American Volleyball Championship
The 2017 Men's South American Volleyball Championship was the 32nd edition of the Men's South American Volleyball Championship, organised by South America's governing volleyball body, the Confederación Sudamericana de Voleibol (CSV). The tournament was held in Santiago and Temuco, Chile from 7 to 11 August 2017. The champions qualified for the 2018 FIVB Volleyball Men's World Championship.
Liberated Hands
Liberated Hands or Freed Hands (German: Befreite Hände) is a 1939 German drama film directed by Hans Schweikart and starring Brigitte Horney, Olga Chekhova and Ewald Balser. It was screened at the 8th Venice International Film Festival.

8th Venice International Film Festival (void)
The "8th" annual (void) Venice International Film Festival was held from September 1 to September 8, 1940, less than three months after Italy had belatedly entered the Second World War as Germany's ally. The events were held in places far away from the Lido, and very few countries participated due to World War II  and directors that were members of the Rome–Berlin axis.  In fact the Festival lost its ‘international’ designation that year, as the war had reduced the number of participating nations to just three: Italy, Germany and, in a sparring role, Hungary. It became therefore the "Manifestazione cinematografica italo-tedesca", to reflect its Italo-German character. The two countries participated with seven feature films each, while Hungary had three. 
Additionally, a strong fascist political meddling from the Italian fascist government under Benito Mussolini had led to Italy experiencing a period of cultural depression oppressed by fascist propaganda.
Eduardo Aguirre (footballer)
Eduardo Daniel Aguirre Lara (born 3 August 1998), also known as El Mudo, is a Mexican professional footballer who plays as a forward for Liga MX club Atlas, on loan from Santos Laguna.

Aguirre represented Mexico in various youth levels, especially at the 2018 Toulon Tournament, representing the Mexico U21 team, where he was the top scorer with 7 goals.

Maurice Revello Tournament
The Maurice Revello Tournament (officially French: the Festival International "Espoirs" – Tournoi Maurice Revello), previously known as the Toulon Tournament, is a football tournament, which traditionally features invited national teams composed of youth players from U-17 to U-23 level. Although the first tournament in 1967 featured club teams, it has been limited to national teams since 1975 (except in 1986 and 1989 when INF Vichy was invited). The tournament is held around Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, with the final usually being held in Toulon. The tournament was renamed in honour of Maurice Revello, who started the tournament in 1967 and died in 2016.
Laurentian University
Laurentian University (French: Université Laurentienne), officially Laurentian University of Sudbury, is a mid-sized bilingual public university in Greater Sudbury, Ontario, Canada, incorporated on March 28, 1960. Laurentian offers a variety of undergraduate, graduate-level, and doctorate degrees. Laurentian is the largest bilingual provider of distance education in Canada. The university was formerly federated with Thorneloe University, Huntington University, and the University of Sudbury.  Laurentian severed the federation during 2021 insolvency proceedings, ending 60-year relationships, and triggering lawsuits.

St. Lawrence College, Ontario
St. Lawrence College (SLC) is a College of Applied Arts and Technology with three campuses in Eastern Ontario, namely Brockville (1970), Cornwall (1968) and Kingston (founded September 1969).  It is affiliated with private Alpha College of Business & Technology in Toronto and Canadian College in Vancouver. As of May, 2024, St. Lawrence College is no longer accepting new admissions to programs offered at their partner colleges. The population of St Lawrence College and its affiliates includes a large contingent of international students. The college processed 5,421 international study permits in 2023.
Norrköping-class missile boat
The Norrköping class were a group of fast attack craft built for the Swedish Navy in the 1970s. Twelve ships were built, with the last ship decommissioned in 2005. The boats have also been called the Spica II class and were named after Swedish cities.

Swedish Navy
The Swedish Navy (Swedish: Svenska marinen) is the maritime service branch of the Swedish Armed Forces. It is composed of surface and submarine naval units – the Fleet (Flottan), formally sometimes referred to as the Royal Navy (Kungliga Flottan) – as well as marine units, the Amphibious Corps (Amfibiekåren).

Founded under King Gustav Vasa in 1522, the Swedish navy is one of the oldest continuously serving navies in the world, celebrating its 500th anniversary in 2022.
Radio Nauru
Radio Nauru, established in 1968, is a government-owned, non-commercial sole radio station in the Republic of Nauru. Owned by Nauru Broadcasting Service, it broadcasts on 88 MHz FM and operates from Mondays to Sundays 6:00 AM to 11:00 PM. Radio Nauru offers program of traditional culture, news, information, and classical and modern music, as well as island music. It carries programs of Radio Australia and BBC.

Radio Nauru announcers predominantly speak Nauruan on air, although the general programming is dominated by English-language media.

Radio Australia
ABC Radio Australia, also known as Radio Australia, is the international broadcasting and online service operated by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC), Australia's public broadcaster. Most programming is in English, with some in Tok Pisin.

Radio Australia broadcasts on FM transmitters in seven countries across the Pacific Islands, to the Indo-Pacific region via satellite, and to the rest of world via online streaming.
Yuanjiang
Yuanjiang (Chinese: 沅江市; pinyin: Yuánjiāng Shì) is a county-level city in the Province of Hunan, China. It is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Yiyang.

Located in the north of the province, the city is bordered to the north by Nan County, to the northeast by Yueyang County, to the southeast by Xiangyin County, to the south by Ziyang District, and to the west by Hanshou County. Yuanjiang City covers 2,012.5 km2 (777.0 sq mi), and as of 2015, it had a registered population of 768,000 and a permanent resident population of 689,100. Yuanjiang has 11 towns and two subdistricts under its jurisdiction. The government seat is Qionghu (琼湖街道).

Yuanjiang is a city in the drainage basin of Yuan River (Yuan Jiang), it is named after the river, which flows through the city roughly west to east. its most land is located on the northwestern bank of the Dongting Lake.

It is home to Chishan Prison, which holds a number of political prisoners.

Yuan River
The Yuan River, also known by its Chinese name as the Yuanjiang, is one of the four largest rivers in Hunan province in southeast-central China. It is a tributary of Yangtze River. It is 864 kilometres (537 mi) long and rises in Guizhou province in the Miao Mountains near Duyun and is navigable. The upper stream is called the Longtou River, and downstream it is called the Qingshui or Ch‘ing-shui River. It becomes the Yuan River after its confluence with its northern tributary, the Wu River.

After its merger with the Wu River, the Yuan flows in a northeasterly direction, hugging the western side of the Xuefeng Mountains of Hunan. Ultimately, the Yuan flows into the Dongting Lake at Changde and from there into the Yangtze River. The Yuan serves as a major waterway for western Hunan and eastern Guizhou. The Yuan is navigable for large vessels up to Changde, whereas smaller boats can make it to Taoyuan.
Elliott Gould filmography
Elliott Gould is an American actor.

He is known for his performances in film such as Bob & Carol & Ted & Alice (1969), M*A*S*H (1970), The Long Goodbye (1973), California Split (1974), A Bridge Too Far (1977), American History X (1998), the Ocean's film franchise (2001, 2004, 2007, 2018), Contagion (2011), and Ruby Sparks (2012).

He is also known for his performances in television shows such as Friends, Ray Donovan, Mulaney, Grace and Frankie, and The Kominsky Method.

California Split
California Split is a 1974 American comedy-drama film directed by Robert Altman and starring Elliott Gould and George Segal as a pair of gamblers. It was the first non-Cinerama film to use eight-track stereo sound.