hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Altaria (Renfe Operadora service)
Altaria was a brand name of a group of fast long-distance passenger railway services operated by Spanish national railway company Renfe Operadora and connecting Madrid to Algeciras, Alicante, Barcelona, Cádiz, Cartagena, Granada, Irún, Logroño, Murcia, Pamplona, and San Sebastián.

Altaria trains were composed of locomotive-hauled Talgo coaching stock equipped with gauge-changing technology which enabled the carriages to run on both conventional (1,668 mm (5 ft 5+21⁄32 in) Iberian gauge) track and the narrower international 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge track which is used for the newer high-speed network in Spain. Altaria trains were able to achieve speeds of up to 200 km/h on the high-speed lines.

Since 22 June 2022, the brand was replaced by the InterCity services along with other Renfe brands.

Logroño
Logroño (UK: /lɒˈɡrɒnjoʊ/ ⓘ log-RON-yoh, US: /ləˈɡroʊnjoʊ, loʊˈ-/ lə-GROHN-yoh, loh-, Spanish: [loˈɣɾoɲo] ⓘ) is the capital of the autonomous community of La Rioja, Spain. Located in the north of the Iberian Peninsula, primarily in the right (South) bank of the Ebro River, Logroño has historically been a place of passage, such as the Camino de Santiago. Its borders were disputed between the Iberian kingdoms of Castille, Navarre and Aragon during the Middle Ages.

The population of the city in 2021 was 150,808 while the metropolitan area included nearly 200,000 inhabitants. The city is a centre of trade of Rioja wine, for which the area is noted, and manufacturing of wood, metal and textile products.
Marie Desbrosses
Marie-Françoise Desbrosses (8 March 1764 – 3 March 1856), was a French operatic mezzo-soprano. She made her stage debut at the Comédie-Italienne in 1776, at age 13, and remained with the company for almost five decades, creating several roles.

Louis-Emmanuel Jadin
Louis-Emmanuel Jadin (21 September 1768 – 11 April 1853) was a French composer, pianist and harpsichordist.

Jadin was born in Versailles.  He learned piano from his brother Hyacinthe Jadin and later worked at the Théâtre de Monsieur. His first opera was staged in Versailles in 1788. The following year he took the position of second keyboardist at the Théâtre de Monsieur. In 1792 he became a musician in the National Guard. In 1802 he acted as a professor of music and in 1806 was director of the Théâtre Molière. He later won fame as a pianist and taught at the Paris Conservatory. He was made Chevalier of the Légion d’honneur in 1824. Many of his works were published in Paris, where he died. The playwright and chansonnier Adolphe Jadin was his son.
Tsvitkove
Tsvitkove (Ukrainian: Цвіткове) is a rural settlement in Cherkasy Raion, Cherkasy Oblast, central Ukraine. It is located in Horodyshche urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine, the administration of which is located in the town of Horodyshche. Population: 1,130 (2022 estimate).

Horodyshche
Horodyshche (Ukrainian: Городище, IPA: [ɦoroˈdɪʃtʃe] ⓘ) is a city in Cherkasy Raion of Cherkasy Oblast (province) in central Ukraine on the Vilshanka River, where the administration of Horodyshche urban hromada (municipality). The population is 13,062 (2022 estimate).
Sivappu Nila
Sivappu Nila (transl. Red moon) is a 1998 Indian Tamil-language action thriller film directed and produced by J. George Prasad. The film stars Raja and Vineetha, with Vinu Chakravarthy, Vennira Aadai Moorthy, Vadivelu, Delhi Ganesh, Chinni Jayanth and Alex playing supporting roles. It was released on 25 December 1998.

Vineetha
Vineetha is a former Indian actress, who appeared predominantly in Tamil films and Malayalam films. She has also acted in some Kannada, Telugu and Hindi films. She made her debut through the Tamil film Chinna Jameen (1993).
Crime and punishment in the Torah
The Hebrew Bible is considered a holy text in most Abrahamic religions. It records a large number of events and laws that are endorsed or proscribed by the God of Israel. Judaism teaches that the Torah contains 613 commandments, many of which deal with crime and punishment, but only the Noahide Laws apply to humanity in general. Most Christian denominations have also adopted some of these directives, such as the Ten Commandments and Great Commandment, while a minority believes all Old Covenant laws have been abrogated.

613 commandments
According to Jewish tradition, the Torah contains 613 commandments (Hebrew: תרי״ג מצוות, romanized: taryág mitsvót).

Although the number 613 is mentioned in the Talmud, its real significance increased in later medieval rabbinic literature, including many works listing or arranged by the mitzvot. The most famous of these was an enumeration of the 613 commandments by Maimonides. While the total number of commandments is 613, no individual can perform all of them. Many can only be observed at the Temple in Jerusalem, which no longer stands. According to one standard reckoning, there are 77 positive and 194 negative commandments that can be observed today, of which there are 26 commandments that apply only within the Land of Israel. In addition, some commandments only apply to certain categories of Jews: some are only observed by kohanim, and others only by men or by women.
Bodoland University
Bodoland University also known as BU, established in 2009, is a public state collegiate university located in Kokrajhar, Assam, India. It is the first university in the Bodoland Territorial Region (BTR) along with the Lower Assam region (except the capital Guwahati).

The university offers undergraduate programs in various disciplines such as B.A., B.Sc, B.Com, BBA, BCA, and B.Ed. It also offers postgraduate programs such as M.A., M.Sc, M.Com, M.Tech, MBA, MCA, and M.Ed. The university also offers Ph.D programs in various disciplines.

Master of Education
The Master of Education (MEd or M.Ed. or Ed.M.; Latin Magister Educationis or Educationis Magister) is a master's degree awarded by universities in many countries. This degree in education often includes the following majors: curriculum and instruction, counseling, school psychology, and administration. It is often conferred for educators advancing in their field. Similar degrees (providing qualifications for similar careers) include the Master of Arts in Education (MAEd or M.A.Ed. or M.A.E.) and the Master of Science in Education (M.S.Ed. or MScEd or M.Sc.Ed. or M.S.E.).
SITAR GY-100 Bagheera
The SITAR GY-100 Bagheera (named after Bagheera, a character in Rudyard Kipling's The Jungle Book) was a light aircraft designed and built in France in the late 1960s. Designed by Yves Gardan, it was a low-wing, cantilever monoplane of conventional layout with fixed, tricycle undercarriage. The fully enclosed cabin had seating for up to four people in 2+2 configuration. Construction was of metal throughout.

Type certification was granted in 1971,  and Gardan hoped to market the Bagheera through his company, SITAR. However, with the oil crisis looming and after the prototype disintegrated in flight, Gardan abandoned development.  Only two examples were built.

Bagheera
Bagheera  (Hindi: बघीरा / Baghīrā) is a fictional character in Rudyard Kipling's Mowgli stories in The Jungle Book (coll. 1894) and The Second Jungle Book (coll. 1895). He is a black panther (melanistic Indian leopard) who serves as friend, protector and mentor to the "man-cub" Mowgli. The word bagheera is Hindi for panther or leopard, although the root word bagh means any form of panthera and is nowadays mostly used to refer to the Royal Bengal tiger.
Women's rugby league Ashes
The Ashes series, similar to the cricket series of the same name, was intended to be a test series between Australia and England women's national rugby league football teams. The women's Ashes was announced in 2023 alongside the revival of the men's tournament, with the inaugural tournament planned for 2025 alongside the men's.

The original men's series between Australia and Great Britain/England was contested 40 times between 1908 and 2025. The Great Britain women's team toured Australia twice; in 1996 and 2002.

International Rugby League
The International Rugby League (IRL) is the global governing body for the sport of rugby league football. The IRL organises the Rugby League World Cup, the oldest international rugby World Cup, as well as the Women's and Wheelchair equivalent.

International Rugby Leagues headquarters are in London, England and is currently made of 32 members.

Founded as the Rugby League Imperial Board in 1927 by the Rugby Football League, French Rugby League Federation, Australian Rugby League Board of Control and the New Zealand Rugby League. In 1948 it became the  International Rugby League Board when its membership expanded and then the Rugby League International Federation between 1998-2020.

There are two regional associations affiliated to the IRL; the European Rugby League (ERL) and the Asia-Pacific Rugby League (APRL).
Gale Fitzgerald
Gale Lillian Fitzgerald (born June 9, 1951, Newark, New Jersey) is a former American athlete who competed in two Olympic pentathlons, winning silver medal in 1975 at the Pan American Games. In 1970, she was AIAW champion in the 440 yards. She ran on four world-record setting 4×440 yard relay teams in 1970–71. Fitzgerald attended Montclair State University where she earned a master's degree. During this time, she trained for the 1976 Summer Olympics.

Fitzgerald was a resident of East Orange, New Jersey.

After retiring from athletics, she sold life insurance before becoming an investment banker before investing in her own companies. Working for Film Star Releasing, she formed Global Media, attracting over $500 million in pre-paid advertising credits. Fitzgerald was also movie producer and served as President of Sunset Hill Productions.

Montclair State University
Montclair State University (Montclair) is a public research university in Montclair, New Jersey, United States. Parts of the campus extend into Clifton and into Little Falls. As of June 2024, there were 22,570 total enrolled students: 18,062 undergraduate students and 4,508 graduate students. It is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity". The campus covers approximately 252 acres (1.02 km2). The university offers more than 300 majors, minors, and concentrations.
Hal Goldsmith (baseball)
Harold Eugene "Hal" Goldsmith  (August 18, 1898 – October 20, 1985) was a pitcher in Major League Baseball. He played for the Boston Braves from 1926 through 1928 and the St. Louis Cardinals in 1929. He had a career 4.04 earned run average as a professional. Goldsmith played collegiately at St. Lawrence University.

St. Lawrence University
St. Lawrence University (SLU) is a private liberal arts college in Canton, New York, United States. It has roughly 2,100 undergraduate and 100 graduate students.

Though St. Lawrence today is nonsectarian, it was founded in 1856 by leaders of the Universalist Church, who were seeking to establish a seminary west of New England and were enthusiastically courted by the citizens of Canton. The church almost did not place the school in Canton, however, as they felt students might be exposed to too much "excitement" within the village limits in 1856. The denomination, which has since merged with the Unitarian faith, was part of the liberal wing of Protestantism, championing such ideas as critical thinking and sex equality — attributes that surfaced in the new Theological School of St. Lawrence University, which was progressive in its teaching philosophy and coeducational from the beginning.
Semi-structured data
Semi-structured data is a form of structured data that does not obey the tabular structure of data models associated with relational databases or other forms of data tables, but nonetheless contains tags or other markers to separate semantic elements and enforce hierarchies of records and fields within the data. Therefore, it is also known as self-describing structure.

In semi-structured data, the entities belonging to the same class may have different attributes even though they are grouped together, and the attributes' order is not important.

Semi-structured data are increasingly occurring since the advent of the Internet where full-text documents and databases are not the only forms of data anymore, and different applications need a medium for exchanging information. In object-oriented databases, one often finds semi-structured data.

Object database
An object database or object-oriented database  is a database management system in which information is represented in the form of objects as used in object-oriented programming. Object databases are different from relational databases which are table-oriented. A third type, object–relational databases, is a hybrid of both approaches.
Object databases have been considered since the early 1980s.
Allium hollandicum
Allium hollandicum, the Persian onion or Dutch garlic, is a species of flowering plant native to Iran and Kyrgyzstan but widely cultivated as an ornamental because of its umbels of attractive purple flowers. It is reportedly naturalized in Saint Louis County, Minnesota.

Allium hollandicum is a bulb-forming perennial with scapes up to 90 cm (35 in) tall. It has long, flat, strap-shaped leaves up to 60 cm (24 in) long. Umbels are relatively small and spherical, up to 10 cm (3.9 in) in diameter, composed of many purple to reddish-purple star-shaped flowers appearing in late spring and early summer.

The popular cultivar 'Purple Sensation' has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. It prefers moist, fertile soil in full sun.

Scape (botany)
In botany, a scape is a peduncle arising from a subterranean or very compressed stem, with the lower internodes very long and hence few or no bracts except the part near the rachis or receptacle. Typically it takes the form of a long, leafless flowering stem rising directly from a bulb, rhizome, or similar subterranean or underwater structure.

The scapes of scallions, chives, garlic chives, and garlic are used as vegetables.
Royal Naval Dockyard, Halifax
Royal Naval Dockyard, Halifax was a Royal Navy base in Halifax, Nova Scotia. Established in 1759, the Halifax Yard served as the headquarters for the Royal Navy's North American Station for sixty years, starting with the Seven Years' War. The Royal Navy continued to operate the station until it was closed in 1905. The station was sold to Canada in 1907 becoming His Majesty's Canadian Dockyard, a function it still serves today as part of CFB Halifax.

Henry Duncan (Royal Navy officer, born 1735)
Captain Henry Duncan (24 November 1735 – 7 October 1814)[a] was an officer of the Royal Navy, who saw service in the American War of Independence. Duncan was born in Dundee, Scotland to Alexander Duncan, Town Clerk of Dundee, and Isobel Crawford.
Santesson
Santesson is a Swedish surname. People of interest called Santesson are:

Hans Stefan Santesson (1914–1975) American writer and editor of science fiction and fantasy literature

Anton Santesson (b. 1994) Swedish ice hockey player

Awa Santesson-Sey (b. 1997) Swedish singer

Nils Santesson (1873–1960) Swedish sculptor, writer and pewterer

Awa Santesson-Sey
Awa Matilda Isakine Santesson-Sey (born 6 July 1997), known mononymously as Awa (stylised as AWA), is a Swedish singer based in London. Her father is Senegalese, her mother Swedish.

At age 12, deciding she wanted to study classical music, she applied to and later attended Adolf Fredrik's Music School in Stockholm.
Grietje
Grietje is a Dutch feminine given name. It is a short form and diminutive of Margaretha. It was a common name, but its use has declined steadily since about 1900. The fairy tale Hansel and Gretel is called Hans en Grietje in Dutch. People with the name include:

Grietje "Gré" de Jongh (1924–2002), Dutch sprinter

Grietje Terburg Rowley (1927–2015), American Latter-day Saint hymn writer

Grietje "Gretha" Smit (born 1976), Dutch speed skater

Grietje Staffelt (born 1975), German politician

Griet Van Vaerenbergh  (born 1982), Belgian volleyball player

Grietje Vanderheijden (born 1978), Belgian actress

Grietje Zelle (1876–1917), Dutch exotic dancer and courtesan better known as Mata Hari

Grietje Staffelt
Grietje Staffelt (née Bettin, born 16 July 1975) is a German politician and a former member of Alliance 90/The Greens in the Federal Diet of Germany.

Staffelt has been an MP since 3 April 2000, when she replaced Klaus Müller, who retired. She has been the Media Affairs spokesperson for the Green Party parliamentary group since 2000. Between 2002 and 2005 she also served as education spokesperson.
Orpington (UK Parliament constituency)
Orpington is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2019 by Gareth Bacon, a Conservative. Created in 1945, it is the largest constituency in Greater London by area, covering the east and south of the London Borough of Bromley.

Biggin Hill
Biggin Hill is a town in the London Borough of Bromley, about 15.2 miles (24.5 km) south-southeast of Charing Cross. It is separated from London's built-up area by the Metropolitan green belt and is located adjacent to the Greater London boundary with Kent and Surrey. Prior to the creation of Greater London in 1965, it was part of Kent. At the 2011 Census, Biggin Hill had a population of 9,951.

Biggin Hill is one of the highest points of Greater London, rising to over 210 metres (690 ft) above sea level. Biggin Hill Airport occupies land formerly used by RAF Biggin Hill, one of the principal fighter bases protecting London from German bombers during the Battle of Britain and The Blitz.
Patrick Beneforti
Patrick Beneforti (born 28 October 1980) is a French former professional footballer who played as a midfielder.

He played on the professional level in Ligue 1 for SC Bastia and Ligue 2 for LB Châteauroux and FC Istres.

He played two matches for SC Bastia in the 2001 UEFA Intertoto Cup.

Istres FC
Istres Football Club (French pronunciation: [istʁ]; commonly referred to as simply Istres) is a French association football club based in Istres. The club was formed in 1920 and currently play their home matches at the Stade Parsemain in Istres, a commune in the Arrondissement of Istres.
Freiburg Bächle
The Freiburg Bächle (German: Freiburger Bächle, pronounced [ˈfʁaɪbʊʁɡɐ ˈbɛçlə]) are small water-filled runnels or formalised rills in the Black Forest city of Freiburg. They are supplied with water by the Dreisam and can be seen along most streets and alleyways in the old city, being one of the city's most famous landmarks. The word Bächle comes from the German Bach, meaning brook, with the Alemannic diminutive ending  -le; in standard German, it is Bächlein.

Black Forest
The Black Forest (German: Schwarzwald [ˈʃvaʁtsvalt] ⓘ) is a large forested mountain range in the state of Baden-Württemberg in southwest Germany, bounded by the Rhine Valley to the west and south and close to the borders with France and Switzerland. It is the source of the Danube and Neckar rivers.

Its highest peak is the Feldberg with an elevation of 1,493 metres (4,898 ft) above sea level. Roughly oblong in shape, with a length of 160 kilometres (100 miles) and breadth of up to 50 km (30 mi), it has an area of about 6,009 km2 (2,320 sq mi).

Historically, the area was known for forestry and the mining of ore deposits, but tourism has now become the primary industry, accounting for around 300,000 jobs. There are several ruined military fortifications dating back to the 17th century.
Chris Danforth
Christopher Michael Danforth is an American computer scientist and professor of applied mathematics at the University of Vermont. He is known for his work in computational social science, particularly for developing the Hedonometer, a tool for measuring collective mood and happiness using sentiment analysis of social media data.

Danforth co-directs the Computational Story Lab at the Vermont Complex Systems Center with Peter Sheridan Dodds, where he leads research on large-scale sociotechnical systems, exploring human behavior through analysis of social media and other digital data sources.

Computational social science
Computational social science is an interdisciplinary academic sub-field concerned with computational approaches to the social sciences.
This means that computers are used to model, simulate, and analyze social phenomena. 
It has been applied in areas such as computational economics, computational sociology, computational media analysis, cliodynamics, culturomics, nonprofit studies.
It focuses on investigating social and behavioral relationships and interactions using data science approaches (such as machine learning or rule-based analysis), network analysis, social simulation and studies using interactive systems.
Marguerite Davis
Marguerite Davis (September 16, 1887 – September 19, 1967) was an American biochemist, co-discoverer of vitamins A and B with Elmer Verner McCollum in 1913. Their research greatly influenced later research on nutrition.

Journal of Biological Chemistry
The Journal of Biological Chemistry (JBC) is a weekly peer-reviewed scientific journal that was established in 1905. Since 1925, it is published by the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. It covers research in areas of biochemistry and molecular biology. The editor is Alex Toker. As of January 2021, the journal is fully open access. In press articles are available free on its website immediately after acceptance.
Agustín Bardi
Agustín Bardi, nicknamed “Mascotita”, (13 August 1884 – 21 April 1941) was an Argentine Tango pianist, violinist, and composer, active during the Guardia Vieja and instrumental in shaping early tango’s evolution. He authored around 70 pieces—principally tangos, alongside a handful of waltzes and rancheras—and is celebrated for the harmonic sophistication and melodic clarity of his works.

Argentine tango
Argentine tango is a musical genre and accompanying social dance originating at the end of the 19th century in the suburbs of Buenos Aires. It typically has a 24 or 44 rhythmic time signature, and two or three parts repeating in patterns such as ABAB or ABCAC. Its lyrics are marked by nostalgia, sadness, and laments for lost love. The typical orchestra  has several melodic instruments and is given a distinctive air by the bandoneon. It has continued to grow in popularity and spread internationally, adding modern elements without replacing the older ones. Among its leading figures are the singer and songwriter Carlos Gardel and composers/performers Francisco Canaro, Juan D'Arienzo, Carlos Di Sarli, Osvaldo Pugliese, Elvira Santamaría, and Ástor Piazzolla.
2014 Hama offensive
The 2014 Hama offensive, codenamed Ghazwat Badr al-Sham al-Kubra, was a military operation launched by Syrian rebels during the Syrian Civil War in the northern parts of Hama Governorate, in an attempt to reach the Hama Military Airport and the provincial capital of the province. It was also launched in an attempt to cut the supply line to Aleppo, especially after the rebels seized the village of Rahjan.

Although the offensive was initially met with success, the Army quickly launched a counter-offensive on 26 August, resulting in the recapture of all territory lost to the rebels since 26 July and the takeover of new territory previously held by the rebels.

Al-Masdar News
Al-Masdar News (sometimes abbreviated AMN) (Arabic: المصدر نيوز) was an online newspaper founded by Leith Abou Fadel. Al-Masdar is Arabic for "the source." Al-Masdar's coverage focuses largely on conflict zones in the Middle East: Syria, Yemen, and Iraq. Al-Masdar has been described as being favorable to President Bashar al-Assad during its coverage of the Syrian civil war. As of 2023, it appears to be inactive.