hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
History of rail transport in Poland
The history of rail transport in Poland dates back to the first half of the 19th century when railways were built under Prussian, Russian, and Austrian rule. "Divided Poland" in the 19th century was the territory of the former Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, and each ruling power administered transport in their sector. After the independence of the Second Polish Republic was declared on 11 November 1918, the Polish state administered its own railways until control was surrendered to German and Soviet occupiers during World War II.

During and after World War II major territorial changes were made again, with the Polish borders shifted westward in 1945, putting many German railways under Polish control and leaving several Polish ones in the East.

Koluszki
Koluszki (Polish pronunciation: [kɔˈluʂkʲi]) is a town, and a major railway junction, in central Poland, in Łódź Voivodeship, about 20 km (12 mi) east of Łódź with a population of 12,776 (2020). The junction in Koluszki serves trains that go from Warsaw to Łódź, Wrocław, Częstochowa and Katowice. It is also connected to Radom and Lublin by an eastbound line.
Bioforsk
Norwegian Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research (Bioforsk) was a national Norwegian R&D institute specialising in the fields of agriculture and food production, environmental protection and natural resource management. In 2015, it became part of the merger that resulted in the Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO).

Environmental protection
Environmental protection, or environment protection, refers to the taking of measures to protecting the natural environment, prevent pollution and maintain ecological balance. Action may be taken by individuals, advocacy groups and governments. Objectives include the conservation of the existing natural environment and natural resources and, when possible, repair of damage and reversal of harmful trends.

Due to the pressures of overconsumption, population growth and technology, the biophysical environment is being degraded, sometimes permanently. This has been recognized, and governments have begun placing restraints on activities that cause environmental degradation. Since the 1960s, environmental movements have created more awareness of the multiple environmental problems. There is disagreement on the extent of the environmental impact of human activity, so protection measures are occasionally debated.
Khodynka Field
Khodynka Field (Russian: Ходынское поле, Khodynskoye pole) is a large open space in the north-west of Moscow, at the beginning of the present day Leningradsky Prospect. It takes its name from the small Khodynka River which used to cross the neighbourhood.

The field is close to several Moscow Metro stations including Dinamo and Aeroport on the Zamoskvoretskaya Line, and Oktyabrskoe Pole on the Tagansko-Krasnopresnenskaya Line, which is named after Khodynka field.

Dinamo (Moscow Metro)
Dinamo (Russian: Дина́моpronunciationⓘ) is a Moscow Metro station on the Zamoskvoretskaya line. It opened on 11 September 1938 as part of the second stage of the system. It was named for the former Dinamo Stadium, the home stadium of FC Dynamo Moscow. Passengers may transfer directly to the Bolshaya Koltsevaya line via Petrovsky Park station.

It was the deepest station in Moscow Metro from 1938 until 1944.
Joseph Orpen
Joseph Millerd Orpen (5 November 1828 – 17 December 1923) was an influential colonial administrator for the British empire in southern Africa, as well as a local member of the Cape Parliament and the Orange Free State Volksraad. In addition, he was a self-taught anthropologist and a student of indigenous southern African cultures.

Basutoland
Basutoland was a British Crown colony that existed from 1884 to 1966 in present-day Lesotho, bordered with the Cape Colony, Natal Colony and Orange River Colony until 1910 and completely surrounded by South Africa from 1910. Though the Basotho (then known as Basuto) and their territory had been under British control starting in 1868 (and ruled by Cape Colony from 1871), the rule by Cape Colony was unpopular and unable to control the territory. As a result, Basutoland was brought under direct authority of Queen Victoria, via the High Commissioner, and run by an Executive Council presided over by a series of British Resident Commissioners.

It was divided into seven administrative districts: Berea, Leribe, Maseru, Mohale's Hoek, Mafeteng, Qacha's Nek and Quthing.

Basutoland gained its independence from the United Kingdom on 4 October 1966 and was renamed the Kingdom of Lesotho.
Visionarium (Portugal)
Visionarium is a science museum with interactive displays in Portuguese and English covering subjects ranging from the Portuguese voyages of discoveries to the interiors of microchips and cells. It is located in Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal.

Closed since April 2018

It was inspired on the Cité des Sciences et de l'Industrie (France) and the Exploratorium (USA).

Exploratorium
The Exploratorium is a museum of science, technology, and arts in San Francisco, California. Founded by physicist and educator Frank Oppenheimer in 1969, the museum was originally located in the Palace of Fine Arts and was relocated in 2013 to Piers 15 and 17 on San Francisco's waterfront.

The museum has over 1,000 participatory exhibits and is divided into several galleries, mainly separated by content. Since its inception, the Exploratorium has expanded into other domains and has inspired an international network of participatory museums.
Merck Millipore
Merck Millipore was the brand used by Merck Group's (not US-based Merck & Co.) global life science business until 2015 when the company re-branded. It was formed when Merck acquired the Millipore Corporation in 2010. Merck is a supplier to the life science industry. The Millipore Corporation was founded in 1954, and listed among the S&P 500 since the early 1990s, as an international biosciences company which makes micrometer pore-size filters and tests. In 2015, Merck acquired Sigma-Aldrich and merged it with Merck Millipore. In the United States and Canada, the life science business is now known as MilliporeSigma.

Molsheim
Molsheim (French pronunciation: [mɔlsɛm]; also [mɔlsajm] ⓘ) is a commune and a subprefecture in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France. The total population in 2017 was 9,312. Molsheim had been a very fast-growing city between the French censuses of 1968 and 1999, passing from 5,739 to 9,335 inhabitants, but this increase came to a noticeable halt since. The urban unit of Molsheim had 26,925 inhabitants in 2017, from 16,888 in 1968. Molsheim is part of the metropolitan area of Strasbourg.
Grandy, Virginia
Grandy is an unincorporated community located in Brunswick County, in the U.S. state of Virginia.

The settlement is located along a former railroad. The Richmond, Petersburg and Carolina Railroad, passing through Grandy from Petersburg to Ridgeway Junction (today Norlina, North Carolina), was completed in 1900, at which point it was merged into the Seaboard Air Line (SAL). By 1914, there was already a railway station at Grandy, which the railroad estimated had population somewhere around 500. The Seaboard line (dubbed the "S-line" after later mergers) continued to operate until the 1980s, and today Grandy is along the abandoned portion of the CSX Norlina Subdivision.

Richmond, Petersburg and Carolina Railroad
The Richmond, Petersburg and Carolina Railroad was a railroad built in the early 1900s.  As its name suggests, it ran from Richmond, Virginia south through Petersburg into northern North Carolina.  It was a key part of the network of the Seaboard Air Line Railroad.
Shaikh Shamim Ahmed
Shaikh Shamim Ahmed (20 March 1938 – 22 September 2019) was an Indian politician and social worker. In 1980, he was elected as an MLA from the Mumbai Chinchpokli Constituency as an Indian National Congress candidate.

Chinchpokli
Chinchpokli (Marathi: चिंचपोकळी) is a neighbourhood in South Mumbai. It is also the name of a railway station on the Central line of the Mumbai suburban railway. Historical British era spellings include Chinchpugli and Chinchpooghly. The neighbourhood is named after the Marathi words for tamarind (chinch) and betel nut (pofali).
María José (singer)
María José Loyola Anaya (born January 12, 1976), known professionally as María José, is a Mexican singer, ballerina, flamenco dancer, athlete and television personality. Her career started at age 15, in the 1990s, when she joined the Mexican band Kabah as a vocalist. After leaving the band in 2006, she continued on as a solo artist and has released six studio albums to date.

Ballet dancer
A ballet dancer is a person who practices the art of classical ballet. Both females and males can practice ballet. They rely on years of extensive training and proper technique to become a part of a professional ballet company. Ballet dancers are at a high risk of injury due to the demanding technique of ballet.
Betty Boop and Felix
Betty Boop and Felix is a newspaper comic strip starring Betty Boop and Felix the Cat, which ran from November 19, 1984, to January 31, 1988. It was written by Mort Walker's sons Brian, Morgan, Greg and Neal, who signed their work as "The Walker Brothers".

Debuting at the height of Garfield's popularity, this King Features Syndicate strip showed Betty Boop as a working woman and Felix as her pet (replacing Pudgy as Betty's pet). Unlike most other incarnations of the famous cat, Felix never spoke in this strip; his ideas and opinions are conveyed to the reader in thought balloons. Also, Felix's squash and stretch abilities and magic bag are absent, and Betty's sex appeal is downplayed.

Squash and stretch
Squash and stretch is the phrase used to describe "by far the most important": 47  of the 12 basic principles of animation, described in the book The Illusion of Life by Frank Thomas and Ollie Johnston.
All-American Girl Racing
All-American Girl Racing is the only all female race team to compete in Southern Nevada Off-Road Enthusiasts (SNORE), Mojave Desert Racing (MDR), and SCORE International off-road racing events, including the treacherous Baja 500 and the infamous Baja 1000. The team is the only all girl team in off-road racing.

SCORE International
SCORE International (Southern California Off Road Enthusiasts) is an off-road racing sanctioning body in the sport of desert racing. Founded by Mickey Thompson in 1973, SCORE International was purchased from Sal Fish in late 2012. and is run by its current president and race director Jose A. Grijalva and General Manager Juan Tintos.

The sanctioning body's premier series is the SCORE World Desert Championship, which consists of four races in Baja California peninsula: the San Felipe 250, Baja 500, Baja 400, and Baja 1000.
Haplostethops
Haplostethops is a genus of flower weevils in the beetle family Curculionidae. There are about eight described species in Haplostethops. The genus name is masculine, contrary to some sources, following ICZN Article 30.1.4.3: "A compound genus-group name ending in -ops is to be treated as masculine, regardless of its derivation or of its treatment by its author."

Curculionidae
The Curculionidae are a family of weevils, commonly called snout beetles or true weevils. They are one of the largest animal families with 6,800 genera and 83,000 species described worldwide. They are the sister group to the family Brentidae.

They include the bark beetles as the subfamily Scolytinae, which are modified  in shape in accordance with their wood-boring lifestyle. They do not much resemble other weevils, so they were traditionally considered a distinct family, Scolytidae. The family also includes the ambrosia beetles, of which the present-day subfamily Platypodinae was formerly considered the distinct family Platypodidae.
Theonesios I of Characene
Theonesios I was a King of Characene, a vassal state of the Parthian empire and important trading port on the Persian Gulf. His rule was from 25/24BC to 19/18BC.

He is known only from his silver Tetradrachms, which exhibits various spelling of his name.

Vassal
A vassal or liege subject is a person regarded as having a mutual obligation to a lord or monarch, in the context of the feudal system in medieval Europe and elsewhere. While the subordinate party is called a vassal, the dominant party is called a suzerain. The rights and obligations of a vassal are called vassalage, while the rights and obligations of a suzerain are called suzerainty.
The obligations of a vassal often included military support by knights in exchange for certain privileges, usually including land held as a tenant or fief.

In contrast, fealty (fidelitas) is sworn, unconditional loyalty to a monarch.
Alfred Barlow (American football)
Alfred Barlow was an American football quarterback . Barlow listed his home town as Corry, Pennsylvania and played one season of college football at the University of Michigan.  He was a quarterback for the 1905 Michigan Wolverines football team, starting five games at the position.

On November 8, 1905, Barlow was Michigan's starting quarterback in a 40 to 0 victory over Ohio State.  The game featured a 105-yard run by Barlow, described as "the longest ever seen on Ferry Field."  Barlow returned a missed dropkick from five yards deep in Michigan's endzone.  Almost tackled at the 40-yard line, Barlow was aided by his teammates' blocking and returned the ball all the way for a touchdown. The Detroit Free Press reported the length of Barlow's (described by the Free Press as "little Al Barlow") run as 110 yards and noted that "2,000 Michigan rooters rose and cheered wildly as Barlow planted ball behind the enemy's goal, after his record run."

Corry, Pennsylvania
Corry is a city in northwestern Pennsylvania, United States.  As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 6,210, and it is the second largest city in Erie County. The city became famous in the late-19th and early-20th centuries for being the manufacturer of Climax locomotives.
Mesolimulus
Mesolimulus is an extinct genus of horseshoe crab. The best known examples are found in Solnhofen limestone near Solnhofen, Bavaria, Germany. Originally assigned to the living genus Limulus, they are related to and look virtually identical to modern horseshoe crabs. Other species assigned to Mesolimulus have been recorded spanning over 140 million years from the Middle Triassic to Late Cretaceous from England, Spain, Siberia and Morocco.

Solnhofen
Solnhofen is a municipality in the district of Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen in the region of Middle Franconia in the Land of Bavaria in Germany.  It is in the Altmühl valley.

The local area is famous in geology and palaeontology for Solnhofen limestone.  This is a very fine-grained limestone from the Jurassic period Lagerstätte that preserves detailed fossil specimens.  Alois Senefelder used specially prepared blocks of the fine Solnhofen limestone for the process of lithography which he invented in 1798. The quarrying of this lithographic limestone subsequently yielded spectacular finds, including Archaeopteryx, commemorated in the bird's full name Archaeopteryx lithographica. All 14 known specimens have come from the Solnhofen area.
Krazy Kat Invalid
Krazy Kat Invalid is a 1916 silent short animated film distributed by Hearst-Vitagraph News Pictorial, and featuring Krazy Kat in one of the character's earliest animated appearances.

In the film, an injured Krazy Kat narrates the tale of his recent car accident. He lost control of his car and found himself on a railroad track. His car was destroyed by a speeding train, but he survived and received care in a clinic.

Railway track
Railway track (CwthE and UIC terminology) or railroad track (NAmE), also known as permanent way (per way) (CwthE) or "P way" (BrE and Indian English), is the structure on a railway or railroad consisting of the rails, fasteners, sleepers (railroad ties in American English) and ballast (or slab track), plus the underlying subgrade. It enables trains to move by providing a dependable, low-friction surface on which steel wheels can roll. Early tracks were constructed with wooden or cast-iron rails, and wooden or stone sleepers. Since the 1870s, rails have almost universally been made from steel.
Frank Hewlett
Frank West Hewlett (1913 in Pocatello, Idaho – July 7, 1983) was an American journalist and war correspondent during World War II. He was the Manila bureau chief for United Press at the outbreak of war, and was the last reporter to leave Corregidor before it fell to the Japanese.

Pocatello, Idaho
Pocatello (/ˈpoʊkəˈtɛloʊ/ ⓘ) is the county seat of and the largest city in Bannock County, with a small portion on the Fort Hall Indian Reservation in neighboring Power County, containing the city's airport. It is the principal city of the Pocatello metropolitan area, which encompasses all of Bannock County in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of Idaho.

As of the 2020 census, the population of Pocatello was 56,320. Pocatello is the 6th most populous city in the state, just behind Caldwell.

The city is at an elevation of 4,462 feet (1,360 m) above sea level and it sits on the Portneuf River in the Snake River Plain ecoregion. Pocatello covers a land area of 33.36 square miles (86.4 square kilometers).

Pocatello is the home of Idaho State University and the manufacturing facilities of Amy's Kitchen and ON Semiconductor Corporation; it is served by the Pocatello Regional Airport.
Serafimovskoe Cemetery
Serafimovskoe Cemetery (Russian: Серафимовское кладбище) is a historic cemetery in northwestern  Saint Petersburg, in Primorsky District.

It was established to meet the need for the growing population in the early twentieth century. The first burial took place in 1905, and the cemetery church, the Church of Seraphim of Sarov in the Serafimovskoe Cemetery, was consecrated in 1907. The cemetery was primarily a burial place for the poor, until the Second World War. During the siege of Leningrad, from 1941 to 1944, it was one of the main sites for burying those who were killed, or died of cold or starvation. At least 100,000 people were buried during this period, mostly in mass graves.

The cemetery expanded after the war, and today covers 59 hectares. It contains the graves of a wide range of society, including military figures, and prominent people from the arts, sciences and sports.

Primorsky District, Saint Petersburg
Primorsky District (Russian: Примо́рский райо́н "Seaside District") is a district of the federal city of St. Petersburg, Russia. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 507,238; up from 393,960 recorded in the 2002 Census.
Speedway Grand Prix of Australia
The Speedway Grand Prix of Australia is a speedway event that is part of the Speedway Grand Prix Series.

The inaugural event, run on a 400 metres (440 yards) long temporary track at Stadium Australia in Sydney, was won by American rider Greg Hancock, from England's Scott Nicholls and Australian Jason Crump in 2002. The event was not retained in 2003, and it was 13 years before a Grand Prix returned to Australia.

The Speedway Grand Prix of Australian was resurrected in 2015, this time taking place at the Docklands Stadium in Melbourne. The event was once again won by Hancock.

Speedway Grand Prix
Speedway Grand Prix are a series of stand-alone motorcycle speedway events over the course of a season used to determine the Speedway World Champion. The series started in 1995 replacing the previous format of a single event final. The first winner was Hans Nielsen of Denmark.
Bundeswehr Medical Academy
The Bundeswehr Medical Academy (German: Sanitätsakademie der Bundeswehr), (short SanAkBw) is a part of the Joint Medical Service of the Bundeswehr and is subordinate of the Bundeswehr Joint Medical Service Headquarters in Koblenz. 
It is the central education facility for medical training in the Bundeswehr and in charge of the coordination for military medicine and medical CBRN defense.

Subordinate to the academy are three institutes for radiobiology, microbiology and for pharmacology/toxicology.

Radiobiology
Radiobiology (also known as radiation biology, and uncommonly as actinobiology) is a field of clinical and basic medical sciences that involves the study of the effects of radiation on living tissue  (including ionizing and non-ionizing radiation), in particular health effects of radiation.

Ionizing radiation is generally harmful and potentially lethal to living things but can have health benefits in radiation therapy for the treatment of cancer and thyrotoxicosis. Its most common impact is the induction of cancer with a latent period of years or decades after exposure. High doses can cause visually dramatic radiation burns, and/or rapid fatality through acute radiation syndrome. Controlled doses are used for medical imaging and radiotherapy.
Far Eastern University Institute of Architecture and Fine Arts
The Far Eastern University – Institute of Architecture and Fine Arts, or simply IARFA, is the academic institute offering architecture and fine arts programs of the Far Eastern University.

IARFA's architecture program is certified by the ASEAN University Network-Quality Assurance (AUN-QA) and is accredited Level II by the Philippine Association of Colleges and Universities Commission on Accreditation (PACUCOA).

ASEAN University Network
The ASEAN University Network (AUN) is an Asian university association. It was founded in November 1995 by ASEAN member countries including 13 universities. After the enlargement of ASEAN by the ASEAN Charter in 1997 and 1999, the AUN membership has been increasing.
Critical Role campaign one
The first campaign of the Dungeons & Dragons web series Critical Role premiered on March 12, 2015; it consisted of 115 episodes and concluded on October 12, 2017. It followed Vox Machina, a party of seven to eight adventurers, in their travels across the continent of Tal'Dorei. Campaign one broadcast live each Thursday at 19:00 PT on Geek & Sundry's Twitch channel, with the video on demand (VOD) being available to Twitch subscribers immediately after the broadcast. On the Monday following the live stream, the VODs were made available for the public on the Geek & Sundry YouTube channel.

Mary Elizabeth McGlynn
Mary Elizabeth McGlynn (born October 16, 1966) is an American actress, singer, and voice director. She is known for her work in the Ghost in the Shell series, voicing Motoko Kusanagi and working as an ADR director on several entries. She is also known for her involvement in music production in multiple games from the Silent Hill series, and her extensive English-language dubbing of various anime, animated films, and video games, including the English adaptation of the television series Cowboy Bebop.
Stribugliano
Stribugliano is a village in Tuscany, central Italy,  administratively a frazione of the comune of Arcidosso, province of Grosseto, in the area of Mount Amiata. At the time of the 2001 census its population amounted to 253.

Stribugliano is about 45 km from Grosseto and 18 km from Arcidosso, and it is situated on a peak of Monte Buceto above the valley of Melacce.

Grosseto
Grosseto (Italian pronunciation: [ɡrosˈseːto] ⓘ) is a city and a comune in the central Italian region of Tuscany, capital of the province of Grosseto. It is the most populous city of Maremma region and southern Tuscany.

Located at the center of the Maremma region, the city was born on the right bank of the Ombrone river, near the Tyrrhenian Sea. The first center raised in the Middle Ages, following the end of the ancient city of Rusellae. Since the 19th century has had a great economic and demographic development, which makes it an important city for services, agriculture and as a seaside resort.

The comune of Grosseto, with 82,284 inhabitants, includes the frazioni of Marina di Grosseto, Roselle, Principina a Mare, Principina Terra, Montepescali, Braccagni, Istia d'Ombrone, Batignano, Alberese and Rispescia.