hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2005 Brazilian football match-fixing scandal
Máfia do Apito (literally The Whistle Mafia), sometimes referred to as the Escândalo do Apito (The Whistle Scandal), was the name given by the Brazilian press to the football match-fixing scandal reported by Veja magazine on 23 September 2005.

Veja (magazine)
Veja (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈveʒɐ], English: see, look [at it]) is a Brazilian weekly news magazine published in São Paulo and distributed throughout the country by media conglomerate Grupo Abril. It is the leading weekly publication in the country and one of the most influential Brazilian publishing outlets. Veja publishes articles on politics, economics, culture, world events, entertainment, and war. It also regularly includes editorial pieces related to themes like technology, ecology, and religious debate. It has recurring sections on cinema, television, practical literature, music, and guides on diverse subjects.
It has been described as politically aligned with right-wing movements, though it does not describe itself as such.
Willis E. Benedict
Willis E. Benedict (July 16, 1858 – August 17, 1917) was a member of the South Dakota Senate and the South Dakota House of Representatives.

He was born in Lafayette County, Wisconsin. He moved to Lincoln County, South Dakota in 1872. On August 12, 1899, Benedict married Maude Ionia Druse. They had one daughter. Benedict is buried in Canton, South Dakota.

Lafayette County, Wisconsin
Lafayette County, sometimes spelled La Fayette County, is a county located in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. It was part of the Wisconsin Territory at the time of its founding. As of the 2020 census, the population was 16,611. Its county seat is Darlington. The county was named in honor of the Marquis de Lafayette, the French general who rendered assistance to the Continental Army in the American Revolutionary War. The county is considered a high-farming concentration county by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, meaning at least 20 percent of its earnings came from agriculture.

The courthouse scenes from the 2009 film Public Enemies were filmed at the Lafayette County Courthouse in Darlington.
George Armstrong (actor)
George Andrew Clark Armstrong (7 September 1962 – 11 July 2023) was an English actor.

His first role was as Hubert Lane in Just William (alongside Bonnie Langford as Violet Elizabeth Bott) in 1977. He was best known for the part of Alan Humphries in the BBC series Grange Hill,  a part he played between 1978 and 1982, and again in 1983 in the spin-off series Tucker's Luck. His last role was as PC Driscoll in The Bill in 1989.

After giving up acting, he became a technical theatre manager at a public school.

Armstrong died in London on 11 July 2023 after a long battle with leukaemia. He was 60.

Just William
Just William is the first book of children's short stories about the young school boy William Brown, written by Richmal Crompton, and published in 1922. The book was the first in the series of William Brown books which was the basis for numerous television series, films and radio adaptations. Just William is also sometimes used as a title for the series of books as a whole, and is also the name of various television, film and radio adaptations of the books. The William stories first appeared in Home magazine and Happy Mag.
2025 Women's Rugby World Cup qualifying
The qualification process for the 2025 Women's Rugby World Cup in England began during the knockout stage of the 2021 tournament in New Zealand, at which the four teams (New Zealand, England, France and Canada) that reached the semi-finals qualified automatically for the 2025 event. A further six teams qualified as winners of six regional tournaments in 2024. The final six spots went to the highest-finishing WXV teams who had not already qualified.

France women's national rugby union team
The France women's national rugby union team represents France in women's international rugby union. They played the first-ever women's rugby union test match against the Netherlands on 13 June 1982. They compete annually in the Women's Six Nations Championship and have placed third in seven of nine Rugby World Cups.
Sarson
Sarson is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ian Sarson (born 1963), British businessman

Jeanne Sarson, Canadian human rights activist

Trish Sarson (born 1946), British/American computer scientist, consultant, and information technology writer

Trish Sarson
Trish Sarson (born 1946) is a British/American computer scientist, consultant and information technology writer, known for developing data flow diagrams with Chris Gane in the 1970s.

Born in England, Sarson obtained her BA in Zoology and Chemistry at the Royal Holloway, University of London in the 1960s. She emigrated to the United States in 1975, where she joined Ed Yourdon's software company. In 1977 with Chris Gane she founded Improved Systems Technologies (IST), which became a relatively large and successful company. In 1977 they published their best known work Structured Systems Analysis: Tools and Techniques, in which they presented a specific type of data flow diagrams.
Stephen Shank
Stephen Shank is a director, actor, writer, set designer and artist who has worked in theatre and television. He was born of American parents in Brussels, Belgium, where he currently lives. He is bilingual in English and French.

In July 2011, he will be directing the stage world premiere of Umberto Eco's The Name of the Rose in the ruins of the Cistercian Abbey of Villers-la-Ville, Belgium (see Villers Abbey).

Villers-la-Ville
Villers-la-Ville (French pronunciation: [vilɛʁs la vil] ⓘ; Walloon: L' Abeye) is a municipality of Wallonia located in the Belgian province of Walloon Brabant. On January 1, 2006, Villers-la-Ville had a total population of 9,572. The total area is 47.45 km2, giving a population density of 202 inhabitants per km2. The municipality also includes the villages of Marbais, Mellery, Sart-Dames-Avelines and Tilly.
K. Daniel O'Leary
K. Daniel O'Leary (born 1940) is an American psychologist who is Distinguished Professor of Clinical Psychology at Stony Brook University. Much of his research has focused on the causes and prevention of intimate partner violence, as well as the long-term persistence of romantic love between married partners. In 1969, he and his wife Susan O'Leary, also a professor at Stony Brook, started a program there dedicated to counteracting antisocial behavior in children. He has served as president of the Association for Advancement of Behavior Therapy, the New York chapter of the Association of Family and Conciliation Courts, and section 3 of Division 12 of the American Psychological Association (also known as the Society for a Science of Clinical Psychology).

Association for Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies
The Association for Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies (ABCT) was founded in 1966. Its headquarters are in New York City and its membership includes researchers, psychologists, psychiatrists, physicians, social workers, marriage and family therapists, nurses, and other mental-health practitioners and students. These members support, use, and/or disseminate behavioral and cognitive approaches. Notable past presidents of the association include Joseph Wolpe, Steven C. Hayes, Michelle Craske, Jonathan Abramowitz, Marsha M. Linehan, Linda C. Sobell, Kelly D. Brownell, Gerald Davison, and Alan E. Kazdin.
Patricia Stilwell Walker
Patricia Stilwell Walker is an American philatelist who signed the Roll of Distinguished Philatelists in 2022.

She won the 2006 Lichtenstein Medal for her contributions to philately.

In 2011, she received the Luff Award for Exceptional Contributions to Philately.

Irish postal history to 1900 is one of Walker's collecting topics as is her material about the city of Baltimore. She is a philatelic judge accredited by the International Federation of Philately for postal history and its youth category and was president of the American Association of Philatelic Exhibitors in whose journal she has written widely on the topic of philatelic exhibiting.

Philatelic exhibition
A philatelic exhibition is an exhibition of stamps and postal history where stamp collectors (philatelists) compete for medals. The displays are shown in glass frames, and the exhibition is normally accompanied by stamp dealer bourses and post office stands where stamps and other philatelic items may be purchased.

Many philatelic exhibitions are regular events, held annually or at some other frequency and they are important events in the philatelic calendar.
Pudjammeret
Pudjammeret (also spelled Pudjammer or Pudjammeret) was a royal woman of the Kingdom of Kush, likely from early Napatan period in ancient Nubia (modern-day Sudan), during the 8th to 7th century BCE. Her name is preserved through funerary inscriptions and archaeological remains at royal cemetery of El-Kurru, one of the earliest burial grounds used by the Napatan Dynasty.

Qalhata
Qalhata was a Nubian queen dated to the Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt.

Qalhata was a daughter of King Piye and a queen consort to her brother Shabaka. She is known from the Dream Stela of King Tantamani and from her pyramid in El-Kurru (Ku. 5).

Assyrian records state that King Tantamani was the son of Taharqa's sister. The tomb of Qalhata at El-Kurru contains texts that say she is a King's Mother, giving some evidence of the family relationships.
Dave Morton
David James Morton (born 24 September 1953 in Eccles, Lancashire) is a former international motorcycle speedway rider from England. He earned 18 international caps for the England national speedway team.

Eccles, Greater Manchester
Eccles (/ˈɛkəlz/) is a market town in the City of Salford in Greater Manchester, England,
3 miles (4.8 km) west of Salford city centre and 4 miles (6.4 km) west of Manchester, split by the M602 motorway and bordered by the Manchester Ship Canal to the south. The town is famous for the Eccles cake.

Eccles grew around the 13th-century Parish Church of St Mary. Evidence of pre-historic human settlement has been discovered locally, but the area was predominantly agricultural until the Industrial Revolution, when a textile industry was established in the town. The arrival of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway led to the town's expansion along the route of the track linking those two cities.
Still Fork
Still Fork is a tributary of the Sandy Creek, 16.1 miles (26 km) long, in eastern Ohio in the United States.  Via the Sandy Creek, Tuscarawas, Muskingum and Ohio Rivers, it is part of the watershed of the Mississippi River, draining an area of 71.4 square miles (185 km2) in Carroll County, Ohio.  The source is at 1,180 feet (360 m) and the mouth is at 1,027 feet (313 m)., with an average gradient of only 0.2%.  From its source in eastern Carroll County the creek flows northwest through Fox, Washington, Augusta, and Brown Townships before reaching its mouth in Minerva, Ohio.  The Ohi-Rail Corporation (OHIC) and Arbor road are situated in the creeks valley over most of its length.

Near Augusta the creek flows through a rural Amish community, and downstream of Ohio State Route 9 is the unincorporated community of Pattersonville.  Mechanicstown and Norristown are the only other named communities in the watershed.

Augusta, Ohio
Augusta is an unincorporated community in eastern Augusta Township, Carroll County, Ohio, United States. It has a post office with the ZIP code 44607.  It lies along State Route 9. The community is part of the Canton–Massillon Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Mark Bickley
Mark Alan Bickley (born 4 August 1969) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for the Adelaide Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). Bickley was a player for the Crows from 1991 until 2003, captaining the team to both the 1997 and 1998 AFL premierships. He was a media commentator, most notably with Channel 9 in Adelaide as their sports presenter. In 2011 he had a brief coaching career as caretaker coach of the Crows after the retirement of Neil Craig.

1997 AFL Grand Final
The 1997 AFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the Adelaide Football Club and the St Kilda Football Club, held at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in Melbourne on 27 September 1997. It was the 101st annual grand final of the Australian Football League (formerly the Victorian Football League), staged to determine the premiers for the 1997 AFL season. The match, attended by 99,645 spectators, was won by Adelaide by a margin of 31 points, marking that club's first premiership victory.
Specular reflection
Specular reflection, or regular reflection, is the mirror-like reflection of waves, such as light, from a surface.

The law of reflection states that a reflected ray of light emerges from the reflecting surface at the same angle to the surface normal as the incident ray, but on the opposing side of the surface normal. The incident and reflected rays lie in a plane known as the plane of incidence. The angles of the two rays to the normal are known as the angle of incidence and angle of reflection.

The earliest known description of this behavior was recorded by Hero of Alexandria (AD c. 10–70). Later, Alhazen gave a complete statement of the law of reflection. He was first to state that the incident ray, the reflected ray, and the normal to the surface all lie in a same plane perpendicular to reflecting plane.

Specular reflection may be contrasted with diffuse reflection, in which light is scattered away from the surface in a range of directions.

Angle
In geometry, an angle is formed by two lines that meet at a point. Each line is called a side of the angle, and the point they share is called the vertex of the angle. The term angle is used to denote both geometric figures and their size or magnitude as associated quantity. Angular measure or measure of angle are sometimes used to distinguish between the measure of the quantity and figure itself. The measurement of angles is intrinsically linked with circles and rotation, and this is often visualized or defined using the arc of a circle centered at the vertex and lying between the sides.
Zumbox
Zumbox is a proposed hybrid mail service for receiving postal mail via the web.  The service was intended to work in parallel to traditional postal services, whereby a digital mailbox—a Zumbox— would be created for every street address in the U.S.

People were able to claim their Zumbox via a paper mail confirmation code.

Zumbox provided security in compliance with PCI DSS, BITS and HIPAA security rules and regulations.

Zumbox was founded in 2007 in Los Angeles, and obtained more than $30 million in venture capital. After seven years of development, Zumbox announced in 2014 that it lacked sufficient investor interest to launch as a national brand.

Mail
The mail or post is a system for physically transporting postcards, letters, and parcels. A postal service can be private or public, though many governments place restrictions on private systems. Since the mid-19th century, national postal systems have generally been established as a government monopoly, with a fee on the article prepaid. Proof of payment is usually in the form of an adhesive postage stamp, but a postage meter is also used for bulk mailing.

Postal authorities often have functions aside from transporting letters. In some countries, a postal, telegraph and telephone (PTT) service oversees the postal system, in addition to telephone and telegraph systems. Some countries' postal systems allow for savings accounts and handle applications for passports.

The Universal Postal Union (UPU), established in 1874, includes 192 member countries and sets the rules for international mail exchanges as a Specialized Agency of the United Nations.
Takhti Stadium (Tabriz)
The Takhti Stadium2 (Persian: ورزشگاه تختي, Vârzeshgah-e Taxti) formerly known as Bagh Shomal Stadium3  (Persian: ورزشگاه باغ شمال, Vârzeshgah-e Baq Shomal) and Reza Pahlavi Stadium (Persian: ورزشگاه رضا پهلوی, Vârzeshgah-e Reza Pahlavi) is a multi-use stadium in Tabriz, Iran. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home stadium of Iran Pro League team Machine Sazi. The stadium can accommodate 25,000 spectators. Iran Team Melli's largest ever victory was recorded in this stadium, on 24 November 2000, in a match against Guam, which Iran won 19–0.

Persian Gulf Pro League
The Persian Gulf Pro League (Persian: لیگ برتر خلیج فارس, Lig-e Bartar-e Xalij-e Fârs), formerly known as the Iran Pro League (Persian: لیگ برتر ایران, Lig-e bartar-e Irân), is a professional association football league in Iran and the highest level of the Iranian football league system. It is controlled by the FFIRI and is contested by 16 teams over a 30-matchday period.

Each year, its top team becomes the Iranian football champion, and the two lowest finishers are relegated to the Azadegan League.

Since 2013, the league comprises 16 teams. The winner of the Persian Gulf Pro League along with the Hazfi Cup champion automatically qualify for the AFC Champions League Elite group stages. The third of the Persian Gulf Pro League is qualified for the AFC Champions League Elite Play-off round. The bottom two teams in the league are relegated to Azadegan League. In the past, the format and number of teams were changed for various times.
Destin Daniel Cretton
Destin Yori Daniel Cretton (born November 23, 1978) is an American filmmaker. He is best known for directing the drama films Short Term 12 (2013), The Glass Castle (2017), Just Mercy (2019) as well as the Marvel Studios films Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings (2021) and the upcoming Spider-Man: Brand New Day (2026).

Same Old
Same Old is a 2022 Canadian-American short drama film, written, produced, edited, and directed by Lloyd Lee Choi. The film stars Limin Wang as Lu, a food delivery driver in New York City who, after his e-bike is stolen, must come to terms with the fragility of his life in America as he cannot afford to replace the bike in order to maintain his livelihood.

The film premiered in the short film competition at the 2022 Cannes Film Festival. It had its North American premiere at the 2022 Toronto International Film Festival, where it received an honourable mention from the Best Canadian Short Film jury.

The film was named to TIFF's annual year-end Canada's Top Ten list for 2022.

In 2025, Lucky Lu was released. Directed by Lloyd Lee Choi, the film is a feature-length expansion of Same Old.
New Independent Party
The New Independent Party is an Egyptian political party that is made up of former members of the National Democratic Party.

The party ran in the 2011–2012 Egyptian parliamentary election.

It was formerly part of the Social Justice Coalition, though it later joined the Call of Egypt alliance.

2011–12 Egyptian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Egypt from 28 November 2011 to 11 January 2012, following the revolution that ousted President Hosni Mubarak, after which the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces (SCAF) dissolved Parliament. However the dissolution was ruled unconstitutional and Parliament was reinstated. Originally, the elections had been scheduled to be held in September 2011, but were postponed amid concerns that established parties would gain undue advantage.

The elections were proclaimed the first honest national elections of any sort held in Egypt since the overthrow of the monarchy in 1952. However, there were also complaints of irregularities and fraud. The main focus of the newly elected Parliament was to be the selection of the members of a Constituent Assembly.
Bert Gray
Albert Gray (23 September 1900 – 16 December 1969) was a Welsh professional footballer who played as goalkeeper for various clubs in the 1920s and 30s, including Oldham Athletic, Manchester City, Tranmere Rovers and Chester. For his country, he made 24 appearances between 1924 and 1938, helping Wales win the British Home Championship three times.

1921–22 Southern Football League
The 1921–22 season was the 24th in the history of the Southern League. As in the previous season, the league was split into two sections, one for English clubs and one for Welsh clubs. Plymouth Argyle reserves won the English section, whilst Ebbw Vale won the Welsh section. Plymouth Argyle reserves were declared champions after defeating Ebbw Vale 3-0 in a championship play-off. Pontypridd and Bath City were the only two Southern League clubs to apply for election to the Football League, though neither was successful.

At the end of the season Gillingham reserves and Charlton Athletic reserves both left the league.
Conjectural Poem
"Conjectural Poem" (Spanish: Poema conjetural) is a poem written by the Argentine author Jorge Luis Borges and published for the first time in the La Nación newspaper on July 4, 1943.

In his "Conjectural Poem", Borges theorizes on the murder of Francisco Narciso de Laprida (an ancestor of Borges and also the man who declared the independence of Argentina in 1816) by José Féliz Aldao's montoneras.

Argentine Declaration of Independence
The Independence of the Argentine Republic (or La Independencia de Argentina in Spanish) was declared on July 9, 1816, by the Congress of Tucumán. In reality, the congressmen who were assembled in Tucumán declared the independence of the United Provinces of South America, which is one of the official names of the Argentine Republic. The Federal League Provinces, at war with the United Provinces, were not allowed into the Congress. At the same time, several provinces from the Upper Peru that would later become part of present-day Bolivia, were represented at the Congress.
Geography of Brazil
The country of Brazil occupies roughly half of South America, bordering the Atlantic Ocean. Brazil covers a total area of 8,514,215 km2 (3,287,357 sq mi) which includes 8,456,510 km2 (3,265,080 sq mi) of land and 55,455 km2 (21,411 sq mi) of water. The highest point in Brazil is Pico da Neblina at 2,994 m (9,823 ft). Brazil is bordered by the countries of Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, Venezuela, and French Guiana.

Much of the climate is tropical, with the south being relatively temperate. The largest river in Brazil, and the second longest in the world, is the Amazon.

Paraná River
The Paraná River (Portuguese: Rio Paraná [ˈʁi.u paɾaˈna] ⓘ; Spanish: Río Paraná [ˈri.o paɾaˈna] ⓘ; Guarani: Ysyry Parana) is a river in south-central South America, running through Brazil, Paraguay, and Argentina for some 4,880 kilometres (3,030 mi). Among South American rivers, it is second in length only to the Amazon River. It merges with the Paraguay River and then farther downstream with the Uruguay River to form the Río de la Plata and empties into the Atlantic Ocean.

The first European to go up the Paraná River was the Venetian explorer Sebastian Cabot, in 1526, while working for Spain.

A drought hit the river in 2021, causing a 77-year low.
Mike Bynum
Michael Alan Bynum (born March 20, 1978) is an American former starting pitcher in Major League Baseball who played for the San Diego Padres from 2002 to 2004.

He was drafted by the Boston Red Sox out of Middleburg High School but opted to attend the University of North Carolina. In 1997 and 1998, he played collegiate summer baseball with the Hyannis Mets of the Cape Cod Baseball League and was named a league all-star in 1998. He was selected by the Padres in the first round of the 1999 MLB draft. He was released by the Padres on December 15, 2004.

1999 Major League Baseball draft
The 1999 Major League Baseball draft, was the annual choosing of high school and college baseball players, held on June 2 and 3, 1999. A total of 1,474 players were drafted over the course of 50 rounds.