hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
April 2052 lunar eclipse
A penumbral lunar eclipse will occur at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit on Sunday, April 14, 2052, with an umbral magnitude of −0.1294. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A penumbral lunar eclipse occurs when part or all of the Moon's near side passes into the Earth's penumbra. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. Occurring about 2.4 days before apogee (on April 16, 2052, at 13:00 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter will be smaller.

Lunar eclipse
A lunar eclipse, also called a blood moon, is an astronomical event that occurs when the Moon orbits through Earth's shadow.‍‍ Lunar eclipses occur during eclipse season, when the Moon's orbital plane is approximately in line with Earth and the Sun. The type and length of a lunar eclipse depend on the Moon's proximity to the lunar node.‍‍ In contrast with illusive and short-lasting solar eclipses, lunar eclipses can be observed from anywhere on the night side of Earth and often last for an hour or longer. Lunar eclipses are safe to observe without eye protection.

Lunar eclipses are notable for causing the Moon to appear orange or red. This occurs when the Moon passes through the Earth's umbra, necessitating any sunlight that reaches the Moon to first pass through the Earth's atmosphere. The resulting Rayleigh scattering removes high-wavelength colors such as violet and blue from the incoming light before it reflects off the lunar surface and is observed on Earth.
Suddha
Suddha (lit. 'pure' in Sanskrit) can refer to:

Suddha (film), a 2005 Indian film

Śuddha, a Sanskrit term referring to purity in Buddhism

Śuddha, pure tattvas in Śaivism

Suddha medicine, in Ayurveda

Shuddha Hindi, a form of the Hindi language

Purity in Buddhism
Purity (Pali: Vissudhi) is an important concept within much of Theravada and Mahayana Buddhism, although the implications of the resultant moral purification may be viewed differently in the varying traditions. The aim is to purify the personality of the Buddhist practitioner so that all moral and character defilements and defects (kleśas such as anger, ignorance and lust) are wiped away and nirvana can be obtained.
Christopher Catherwood
Christopher Catherwood, FRAS, FRGS, FRHistS (born 1 March 1955) is a British author based in Cambridge, England, and, often, in Richmond, Virginia. He has taught for the Institute of Continuing Education based a few miles away in Madingley and has taught for many years for the School of Continuing Education at the University of Richmond. He has been associated each summer with the University of Richmond's History Department, where he is its annual summer Writer in Residence, and where most of his recent books have been written.

University of Cambridge Professional and Continuing Education
The University of Cambridge Professional and Continuing Education (PACE), formerly the Institute of Continuing Education (ICE) is a department of the University of Cambridge that provides continuing education programmes at undergraduate and postgraduate levels, ranging from undergraduate certificates to master’s degrees.

PACE is the world's oldest university department specialising in professional and continuing education, established in 1873. It is based at the 16th-century Madingley Hall, four miles west of Cambridge. It was rebranded as the PACE in 2025 and delivers a number of undergraduate and postgraduate awards, alongside the University's annual summer school. Award-bearing graduates are recognised as alumni of the University of Cambridge.
Theofilaktos Nikolaidis
Theofilaktos Nikolaidis (Greek: Θεοφύλακτος Νικολαΐδης, born 21 July 1973) is an ex Greek footballer who last played  for Prosotsani F.C. in Delta Ethniki.

Nikolaidis played for several teams in the Greek Super League, including most recently Skoda Xanthi

Prosotsani F.C.
GS Prosotsani is a football club based in Prosotsani, Greece.  It was founded in 1970.In 2007 they managed to gain promotion to National C Division (Football League 2 or Gamma Ethniki). They were relegated in 2008.

There is also a fan club, Eftixismenoi Mazi, which supports the team. It was founded in 1995.
Great Tenmei famine
The Great Tenmei famine (天明の大飢饉, Tenmei no daikikin) affected Japan during the Edo period. The famine was the deadliest one during the early modern period in Japan. It is considered to have begun in 1782 and lasted until 1788. It was named after the Tenmei era (1781–1789) during the reign of Emperor Kōkaku. The ruling shoguns during the famine were Tokugawa Ieharu and Tokugawa Ienari.

Tokugawa Ienari
Tokugawa Ienari (Japanese: 徳川 家斉, 18 November 1773 – 22 March 1841) was the eleventh and longest-serving shōgun of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan who held office from 1787 to 1837. He was a great-grandson of the eighth shōgun Tokugawa Yoshimune through his son Munetada (1721–1764), head of the Hitotsubashi branch of the family, and his grandson Harusada (1751–1827).

Ienari died in 1841 and was given the Buddhist name Bunkyouin and buried at Kan'ei-ji.
Sailor's hitch
The sailor's hitch is a secure, jam-proof hitch knot. A hitch knot is a type of knot that has the ability to fit to the size and shape of an object that it is being tied to.

The sailor's hitch is similar in function and appearance to the swing hitch.

The sailor's hitch can be used in such a way that allows a smaller rope to be attached to a large rope. The smaller rope should be pulled to the left while the bight should go through the final tuck to form the final product of a sailor's hitch.

This knot can also serve the purpose of a cleat hitch.

There is another variation of the knot with several more turns that is called the gripping sailor's hitch. The gripping sailor's hitch is commonly confused with the icicle hitch, but it has distinctions with the last tuck of the knot that allows them to be different.

The sailor's knot is used in the following circumstances:

Hitch (knot)
A hitch is a type of knot used to secure a rope to an object or another rope. Hitches are used in a variety of situations, including climbing, sailing, and securing loads. They are classified based on their ability to be tightened or released, their resistance to slipping, and their strength. Some common types of hitch knots include the clove hitch, the timber hitch, and the round turn and two half-hitches.
Kathleen Fuller
Kathleen Fuller (born September 11, 1967) is an American writer, specializing in Christian and Amish romantic fiction. She was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, grew up in Little Rock, Arkansas and currently resides in Geneva, Ohio with her husband, James Fuller, and three children.

Amish romance
Amish romance is a literary subgenre of Christian fiction featuring Amish characters, but written and read mostly by evangelical Christian women. An industry term for Amish romance novels is "bonnet rippers" because most feature a woman in a bonnet on the cover, and "bonnet ripper" is a play on the term "bodice ripper" from classic romance novels.
Forest Park School District (Michigan)
Forest Park School District is a Public School District in Iron County in Michigan's Upper Peninsula. The district covers serves a population of 4,320 across approximately 640 square miles, including the townships of Crystal Falls, Hematite, Mansfield, and Mastodon as well as the towns of Amasa, Alpha, and Crystal Falls. The school serves approximately 450 pre-kindergarten to twelfth grade students, who receive instruction in one building from 30 teachers for a student-teacher ratio of 14:1 as of 2019. As of 2022, the School District superintendent is Christy Larson.

Crystal Falls, Michigan
Crystal Falls is a city in and the county seat of Iron County, Michigan, United States. As of the 2020 census, the city population was 1,598. The city is located within Crystal Falls Township, but is a separate municipal entity. The area first developed as a major center for iron mining and the timber industry; it has become increasingly popular for tourism in recent years.
1926 Greek parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Greece on 7 November 1926. The Liberal Union emerged as the largest faction in Parliament with 108 of the 286 seats. The composition of the new parliament meant that the parties and factions had to work together to form a viable parliamentary government. On Kafandaris' initiative, negotiations began among the main parties, leading to the swearing-in on the 4 December of a government under the premiership of Alexandros Zaimis who was not a member of parliament. The coalition consisted of the Liberal Union, the Democratic Union, the People's Party and the Freethinkers' Party. This government came to be known as the "Ecumenical government".

Freethinkers' Party
The Freethinkers' Party or Free Opinion Party (Greek: Κόμμα των Ελευθεροφρόνων) was a Greek nationalist and monarchist party founded and led by Ioannis Metaxas who was the Prime Minister and dictator of Greece from 1936 to 1941. It was formally founded in November 1922 after the adoption of the party's manifesto that was unveiled on 13 October 1922. Metaxas had the party and all other parties dissolved following the establishment of the 4th of August Regime, in which he ruled as an official independent.

The first programmatic declaration of the party was published in the daily Nea Imera on 13 October 1922.
Joseph Montferrand
Joseph "Jos" Montferrand (French: [ʒozɛf mɔ̃fɛʁɑ̃]; born Joseph Favre [favʁ]; October 25, 1802 – October 4, 1864) was a French-Canadian logger, strongman, and folk hero of the working man and was the inspiration for the legendary Ottawa Valley figure Big Joe Mufferaw.

Folk hero
A folk hero or national hero is a type of hero – real, fictional or mythological – with their name, personality and deeds embedded in the popular consciousness of a people, mentioned frequently in folk songs, folk tales and other folklore; and with modern trope status in literature, art and films.
John J. McEleney
John Joseph McEleney, S.J. (November 13, 1895 – October 5, 1986) was an American prelate of the Catholic Church. He was the first Bishop and first Archbishop of Kingston, serving between 1956 and 1970. Earlier, he served as the first president of Fairfield University (1942–1944) and as Vicar Apostolic of Jamaica (1950–1956).

Ordinary (church officer)
An ordinary (from Latin ordinarius) is an officer of a church or civic authority who by reason of office has ordinary power to execute laws.

Such officers are found in hierarchically organised churches of Western Christianity which have an ecclesiastical legal system. For example, diocesan bishops are ordinaries in the Catholic Church and the Church of England. In Eastern Christianity, a corresponding officer is called a hierarch (from Greek ἱεράρχης hierarkhēs "president of sacred rites, high-priest" which comes in turn from τὰ ἱερά ta hiera, "the sacred rites" and ἄρχω arkhō, "I rule").

During at least the 17th and 18th centuries the title of Ordinary was used for prison chaplains in England, such as the one who attended condemned men before their execution at Newgate.
Renaissance (The Miracles album)
Renaissance is a 1973 album by R&B group The Miracles on Motown Records' Tamla label. It was the first album by the group not to feature original lead singer Smokey Robinson on lead vocals, instead featuring him as executive producer. Robinson was replaced by lead singer Billy Griffin.

Bobby Rogers
Robert Edward Rogers (February 19, 1940 – March 3, 2013) was an American musician and tenor singer, best known as a founding member of Motown vocal group the Miracles from 1956 until his death. He was inducted, in 2012, as a member of the Miracles to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. In addition to singing, he also contributed to writing some of the Miracles' songs. Rogers is the grandfather of R&B singer Brandi Williams from the R&B girl group Blaque and is a cousin of fellow Miracles member Claudette Rogers Robinson.
James Morgan (bobsledder)
James Patrick Morgan, known as Jimmy, but nicknamed "Nitro" (December 16, 1948 - February 8, 1981) was an American bobsled driver who competed from the mid-1970s to the early 1980s. He was killed in 1981 during the third of four runs of the four-man event at the World Championships in Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy, held at the track used for the 1956 Winter Olympics.

Morgan's death at age 32, coupled with the fatality of a stuntman involved in the production of the 1981 film For Your Eyes Only the following week, led to the shortening of the Cortina track.

A native of Saranac Lake, New York, Morgan competed in the 1976 Winter Olympics at Innsbruck, Austria, finishing fourteenth in the two-man event and fifteenth in the four-man event at Igls.

Morgan's brother John (b.1950) was also a bobsledder who has served as a television color commentator for the sport since 1981. He was calling the competition for ABC with Bill Flemming when James' accident occurred.

Stunt performer
A stunt performer, often called a stuntman or stuntwoman and occasionally stuntperson or stunt-person, is a trained professional who performs daring acts, often as a career. Stunt performers usually appear in films or on television, as opposed to a daredevil, who performs for a live audience. When they take the place of another actor, they are known as stunt doubles.
Draper House (Milford, Delaware)
Draper House is a historic home located at Milford, Sussex County, Delaware.  It was built in 1870, and is a two-story, five-bay, center hall, frame dwelling originally built in the Victorian Gothic style.  It was remodeled in the early-20th century with elements of Queen Anne and Classical Revival building traditions.  It has a hipped roof with dormers, a telescoping turret, a truncated tower, a second floor projecting bay with a Palladian window, and a full three-sided porch with a shadow curve supported by Ionic order columns. From 1948 to 1953, it was owned by the Milford Hospital and used by them as housing for nurses.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

Sussex County, Delaware
Sussex County is a county in the southern part of the U.S. state of Delaware, on the Delmarva Peninsula. As of the 2020 census, the population was 237,378, making it the state's second most populated county behind New Castle and ahead of Kent. The county seat is Georgetown.

The first European settlement in the state of Delaware was founded by the Dutch in 1631 near the present-day town of Lewes on the Atlantic Coast. However, Sussex County was not organized until 1683 under English colonial rule.

Sussex County forms the Seaford, Delaware, Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Cloncurry Solar Farm
A solar thermal power station was to be built in Cloncurry, in north-west Queensland. The solar thermal power station was planned to have a nameplate capacity of 10 MW and deliver about 30 gigawatt-hours of electricity a year, enough to power the whole town.

It was reported in November 2010 that the project was scrapped because of light pollution concerns.

However, as of 2 December 2011 Ingenero Pty Ltd have been named preferred developer to install a 2 MW photovoltaic power system, installation is expected to commence in July 2012.

On 24 May 2012 the recently elected Newman government announced the withdrawal of state funds for the project. In a statement, the Minister for Energy Mark McArdle described the reason for the scrapping as 'saving the taxpayer's money'.

Nameplate capacity
Nameplate capacity, also known as the rated capacity, nominal capacity, installed capacity, maximum effect or gross capacity, is the intended  full-load sustained output of a facility such as a power station, electric generator, a chemical plant, fuel plant, mine, metal refinery, and many others.   Nameplate capacity is the theoretical output registered with authorities for classifying the unit. For intermittent power sources, such as wind and solar, nameplate power is the source's output under ideal conditions, such as maximum  usable wind or high sun on a clear summer day.

Capacity factor measures the ratio of actual output over an extended period to nameplate capacity. Power plants with an output consistently near their nameplate capacity have a high capacity factor.

For electric power stations, the power output is expressed in megawatt electrical (MWe). For fuel plants, it is the refinery capacity in barrels per day.
Sergei Aslamazyan
Sergei Zakari Aslamazyan (27 January 1897 [O.S. 15 January] – 27 September 1978) was a Soviet Armenian cellist, composer, People's Artist of Armenian SSR (1945), awarded the Stalin Prize (1946). He was a co-founder and a member of Komitas Quartet from 1925 to 1968. He was the author of quartet versions of Komitas works. From 1947 he was a professor at Moscow State Conservatory.

Moscow Conservatory
The Moscow Conservatory, also officially Tchaikovsky Moscow State Conservatory (Russian: Московская государственная консерватория им. П. И. Чайковского, romanized: Moskovskaya gosudarstvennaya konservatoriya im. P. I. Chaykovskogo) is a higher musical educational institution located in Moscow, Russia. It grants undergraduate and graduate degrees in musical performance and musical research. The conservatory offers various degrees including Bachelor of Music Performance, Master of Music and PhD in research.
Zhiryatino
Zhiryatino (Russian: Жирятино) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Zhiryatino, Bryansk Oblast, a selo in Zhiryatinsky Selsoviet of Zhiryatinsky District of Bryansk Oblast

Zhiryatino, Ivanovo Oblast, a village in Vichugsky District of Ivanovo Oblast

Zhiryatino, Kostroma Oblast, a village in Sudislavskoye Settlement of Sudislavsky District of Kostroma Oblast

Zhiryatino, Oryol Oblast, a village in Krasnikovsky Selsoviet of Kromskoy District of Oryol Oblast

Oryol Oblast
Oryol Oblast (Russian: Орло́вская о́бласть, romanized: Orlovskaya oblastʹ), also known as Orlovshchina (Russian: Орловщина), is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Oryol. Population: 713,374 (2021 census); 786,935 (2010 census);
Triticum timopheevii
Triticum timopheevii, Timopheev's wheat or Zanduri wheat (from Georgian ზანდური), is a tetraploid wheat that has both cultivated and wild forms. It is believed to have evolved in isolation from the more common Triticum turgidum; hybrids between T. timopheevii and T. turgidum are reportedly sterile with "a considerable amount of chromosomal irregularities in meiosis."

The wild form (formerly categorized as T. araraticum Jakubz.) can be found across south-eastern Turkey, north Iraq, west Iran and Transcaucasia - but the domesticated form is restricted to western Georgia.

South Caucasus
The South Caucasus, also known as Transcaucasia, or the Transcaucasus, is a geographical region on the border of Eastern Europe and West Asia, straddling the southern Caucasus Mountains. The South Caucasus roughly corresponds to modern Armenia, Georgia, and Azerbaijan, which are sometimes collectively known as the Caucasian States. The total area of these countries measures about 186,100 square kilometres (71,850 square miles). The South Caucasus and the North Caucasus together comprise the larger Caucasus geographical region that divides Eurasia.
Lynn Kriengkrairut
Lynn Kriengkrairut (Thai: ลินน์ เกรียงไกรรัตน์; RTGS: Lin Kriangkrairat; born October 4, 1988) is an American former competitive ice dancer. With partner Logan Giulietti-Schmitt, she is a two-time (2011–2012) Ice Challenge champion and the 2012 U.S. national pewter medalist.

Ice Challenge
The Ice Challenge – held in 2021 as the Cup of Austria – is an annual figure skating competition sanctioned by the International Skating Union (ISU), organized and hosted by the Grazer Eislaufverein and Skate Austria in Graz, Austria. The competition debuted as an international event in 2009; prior to that, it was a regional event called the Leo-Scheu-Gedächtnislaufen, named in honor of Leo Scheu, the first president of the Grazer Eislaufverein. When the ISU launched the Challenger Series in 2014, the Ice Challenge was one of the inaugural competitions. The Ice Challenge has been a Challenger Series event four times during its history as of 2025. Medals are awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance; and when the event was part of the Challenger Series, skaters earned World Standing points based on their results.
Aphaenogaster avita
Aphaenogaster avita is an extinct species of ant in the subfamily Myrmicinae known from a solitary early to middle Miocene fossil found in Japan.  At the time of description A. praerelicta was one of twelve Aphaenogaster species to have been described from fossils and the only fossil species from Japan.

Middle Miocene
The Middle Miocene is a sub-epoch of the Miocene epoch made up of two stages: the Langhian and Serravallian stages. The Middle Miocene is preceded by the Early Miocene, and followed by the Late Miocene.

The sub-epoch lasted from 15.97 ± 0.05 Ma (million years ago) to 11.608 ± 0.005 Ma. During this period, a sharp drop in global temperatures took place. This event is known as the Middle Miocene Climatic Transition.

For the purpose of establishing European land mammal ages, this sub-epoch is equivalent to the Astaracian age.
Lists of German municipal flags
The list of German municipal flags lists the flags of municipalities of Germany. Most municipalities of Germany have unique flags.

Like state flags, most of them are horizontal bicolors or tricolors, with or without the armorial shield or emblem (wappen). Therefore, the list will also discuss the emblems. Please note that some of the flags listed are either de facto flags, flags that are flown for local purposes or flags that are not yet approved by state interior ministries.

Bremen (state)
Bremen (German: [ˈbʁeːmən] ⓘ), officially the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen (German: Freie Hansestadt Bremen; Low German: Free Hansestadt Bremen), is the smallest and least populous of Germany's 16 states. It is informally called Land Bremen ('State of Bremen'), although the term is sometimes used in official contexts. The state consists of the city of Bremen and its seaport exclave, Bremerhaven, surrounded by the larger state of Lower Saxony in northern Germany.
Fišer
Fišer (Czech feminine Fišerová) is a Czech-language transliteration of German surname Fischer. Notable people include:

Ivana Fišer, Croatian conductor

Luboš Fišer, Czech composer

Lud Fiser, American athlete and coach

Nelly Fišerová, Czech chess master

Tereza Fišerová, Czech canoeist

Václav Fišer, Czech athlete

Egon Bondy - Czech author born Zbyněk Fišer

Lud Fiser
Ladek C. "Lud" Fiser (October 26, 1908 – August 25, 1990) was an American football and baseball player and coach. He served as the head football coach at Kansas State University in 1945, compiling a record of 1–7. Fiser was also the head baseball coach at Kansas State in 1947 and 1948, tallying a mark of 25–16.

Fiser was a native of Mahaska, Kansas, and a 1931 graduate of Kansas State University, where he was a two-year letterman on the football, baseball and track teams.

Prior to taking the head football coaching job at Kansas State, Fiser was head coach for seven seasons for the high school football team in Atchison, Kansas, and then at Manhattan High School from 1942 to 1944. Under his guidance, Manhattan High posted an undefeated (9–0) season in 1943.