hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Applications of capacitors
Capacitors have many uses in electronic and electrical systems. They are so ubiquitous that it is rare that an electrical product does not include at least one for some purpose. Capacitors allow only AC signals to pass when they are charged blocking DC signals.
The main components of filters are capacitors.
Capacitors have the ability to connect one circuit segment to another.
Capacitors are used by Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM) devices to represent binary information as bits.

Electromagnetic interference
Electromagnetic interference (EMI), also called radio-frequency interference (RFI) when in the radio frequency spectrum, is a disturbance generated by an external source that affects an electrical circuit by electromagnetic induction, electrostatic coupling, or conduction. The disturbance may degrade the performance of the circuit or even stop it from functioning. In the case of a data path, these effects can range from an increase in error rate to a total loss of the data.

Both human-made and natural sources generate changing electrical currents and voltages that can cause EMI: ignition systems, cellular network of mobile phones, lightning, solar flares, and auroras (northern/southern lights). EMI frequently affects AM radios. It can also affect mobile phones, FM radios, and televisions, as well as observations for radio astronomy and atmospheric science.

EMI can be used intentionally for radio jamming, as in electronic warfare.
Mandiner
Mandiner is a right-wing Hungarian group of news publications that includes the weekly news magazine Mandiner and the internet portals, mandiner.hu and Makronóm.mandiner (makronom.mandiner.hu), of which each publication has separate managements. They are published by Mandiner Press Kft, founded in 2017, and belong to the Central European Press and Media Foundation group (KESMA). Mandiner is a successor of a news publication run in the early 2000s by Fidelitas, the youth arm of the Hungarian national-conservative party Fidesz, which has been ruling Hungary since 2010.

The printed weekly version has been published since 12 September 2019.

News magazine
A news magazine is a typed, printed, and published magazine, radio, or television program, usually published weekly, consisting of articles about current events. News magazines generally discuss stories in greater depth than newspapers or newscasts do, and aim to give the consumer an understanding of the important events beyond the basic facts.
Friedrich Siebenmann (otolaryngologist)
Friedrich Siebenmann (22 May 1852, in Uerkheim – 4 April 1928, in Basel) was a Swiss otolaryngologist.

From 1871, he studied at the universities of Zürich, Würzburg and Bern, and afterwards worked as a physician in the communities of Muri and Brugg. He furthered his education in otology and laryngology in Vienna, Breslau and Munich and in 1888 obtained his habilitation. In 1892 he became an associate professor for otolaryngology at the University of Basel, and from 1896 to 1922 served as director of the otolaryngology clinic at Basel municipal hospital.

He is best remembered for anatomical research of the inner ear and for studies involving the pathology of deafness. In 1908 he was the first physician to describe lipoid proteinosis, a disorder also known as Urbach–Wiethe disease.

University of Wrocław
The University of Wrocław (Polish: Uniwersytet Wrocławski, UWr; Latin: Universitas Wratislaviensis) is a public research university in Wrocław, Poland. It is the largest institution of higher learning in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship, with over 100,000 graduates since 1945, including some 1,900 researchers, among whom many have received the highest awards for their contributions to the development of scientific scholarship.

The university was established in 1701 and reconstituted in its current form in 1945, as a direct successor to the previous German University of Breslau. Following the territorial changes of Poland's borders, academics primarily from the Jan Kazimierz University of Lwów restored the university building, which had been heavily damaged in the 1945 Battle of Breslau.
National Library of Pakistan
The National Library of Pakistan (Urdu:قومى کتب خانہ پاکستان) is located in the vicinity of the Red Zone, Islamabad, Pakistan. Argued to be the country's oldest cultural institution, the library is a leading resource for information— ancient and new. The National Library collection includes approximately 66% of all serial and 50-55% of all books publications in the country.

Designed in Eastern architectural style, the library includes space for 500 readers, has 15 research rooms, a 450-seat auditorium, and provides computer and microfilm services.  At its opening in 1993, the library owned a collection of 130,000 volumes and 600 manuscripts. The National Library's mission is to promote literacy and serve as a dynamic cultural and educational center for the state's capital Islamabad.

Information science
Information science (abbreviated as infosci) is an academic field that is primarily concerned with the analysis, collection, classification, manipulation, storage, retrieval, movement, dissemination, and protection of information. Practitioners within and outside the field engage in the study of knowledge application and usage in organizations. Additionally, they examine the interaction between people, organizations, and any existing information systems. The objective of this study is to create, replace, improve, or understand the information systems.
Wish Upon a Star: A Tribute to the Music of Walt Disney
Wish Upon a Star: A Tribute to the Music of Walt Disney is the tenth studio album by American classical violinist Jenny Oaks Baker, released in 2011 through Shadow Mountain Records. Produced and arranged by Kurt Bestor, the Disney music tribute album features eleven tracks, including one medley of songs from Mary Poppins.

Wish Upon a Star reached peak positions of number six on Billboard's Classical Albums chart, thirty-five on the Top Heatseekers chart and number eighteen on the Top Kid Audio chart. Wish Upon a Star also earned her a Grammy Award nomination for Best Pop Instrumental Album.

A Spoonful of Sugar
"A Spoonful of Sugar" is a song from Walt Disney's 1964 film and 2004 musical version of Mary Poppins, composed by Robert B. Sherman and Richard M. Sherman. The song has characteristics of the fast-paced one-step, a popular dance in the 1910s.
2002 California elections
Elections were held in California on November 5, 2002. Primary elections were held on March 5. Up for election were all the seats of the California State Assembly, 20 seats of the California Senate, seven constitutional officers, all the seats of the California Board of Equalization, as well as votes on retention of two Supreme Court justices and various appeals court judges. Seven ballot measures were also up for approval. Municipal offices were also included in the election.

The incumbent governor Gray Davis won reelection with less than 50% of the vote over his Republican challenger Bill Simon.  Democrats also won every other statewide office and maintained their majorities in both houses of the state legislature.

Secretary of State of California
The secretary of state of California is the chief clerk of the U.S. state of California, overseeing a department of 500 people. The secretary of state is elected for four year terms, like the state's other constitutional officers; the officeholder is restricted by term limits to two terms. The current secretary of state is Shirley Weber, who assumed the role in 2021 after Alex Padilla's appointment to the US Senate.
Mount Lidgbird
Mount Lidgbird, also Mount Ledgbird and Big Hill, is located in the southern section of Lord Howe Island, just north of Mount Gower, from which it is separated by the saddle at the head of Erskine Valley, and has its peak at 777 metres (2,549 ft) above sea level.

The trek to the summit is for expert climbers only. Ropes are needed to scale the cliffs and slippery, steep terrain. In comparison, Mount Gower is an easy hike. Halfway up the mountain is Goat House Cave, a former shelter for 19th-century Kentia palm gatherers. From this spot, visitors can see nesting masked boobies and numerous red-tailed tropicbirds.

Howea
Howea is a genus of two palms, H. belmoreana and H. forsteriana, both endemic to Lord Howe Island, Australia. H. forsteriana in particular is commonly grown as an indoor plant in the Northern Hemisphere, and the two species form the mainstay of the island's palm seed industry and more importantly its trade in newly germinated seedlings. The palms are also cultivated on Norfolk Island, where seeds are produced for export.
Stancliffe
Stancliffe is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Clare Stancliffe, British historian and medievalist

David Stancliffe (born 1942), Anglican bishop of Salisbury, Wiltshire, UK

Fred Stancliffe (1885–1975), Australian rules footballer

George Stancliffe, (born 1955), author of Speed Reading 4 Kids, 3rd edition (2003)

Michael Staffurth Stancliffe (1916–1987), Dean of Winchester from 1969 to 1986

Paul Stancliffe, (born 1951), football player from 1975 to 1994

Clare Stancliffe
Clare Stancliffe is a historian and medievalist. She teaches ecclesiastical history in the Departments of History and Theology & Religion at Durham University. She is known for developing the concept of the "colours of martyrdom" in early Irish Christianity.
2022 Central American and Caribbean Beach Games
The 2022 Central American and Caribbean Beach Games (Spanish: Juegos Centroamericanos y de Caribe de Mar y Playa), officially the I Central American and Caribbean Beach Games, was an international multi-sport event held in Santa Marta, Colombia from November 19–26. It was the first time this event was realised.  The games are overseen by Centro Caribe Sports (formerly CACSO).

Santa Marta
Santa Marta (Spanish pronunciation: [ˌsanta ˈmaɾta]), officially the Distrito Turístico, Cultural e Histórico de Santa Marta (English: Historic, Cultural & Tourist District of Santa Marta), is a port city on the coast of the Caribbean Sea in northern Colombia. It is the capital of Magdalena Department and the fourth-largest urban city of the Caribbean Region of Colombia, after Barranquilla, Cartagena, and Soledad. Founded on July 29, 1525, by the Spanish conqueror Rodrigo de Bastidas, it was one of the first Spanish settlements in Colombia, its oldest surviving city, and second-oldest in South America. This city is situated on a bay by the same name and as such, it is a prime tourist destination in the Caribbean region.
Ivanhoe Park cultural landscape
Ivanhoe Park cultural landscape is a heritage-listed former clubhouse, croquet court, cycling, tramway and pleasure garden and now scout hall, sports venue, commemorations, park, passive recreation, childcare centre and community building at Sydney Road, Manly, New South Wales, Australia. It is also known as Ivanhoe Park (including Manly Oval) cultural landscape and Manly Park. The property is owned by the Department of Planning, Housing & Infrastructure.

Croquet
Croquet (UK: /ˈkroʊkeɪ, -ki/ or US: /kroʊˈkeɪ/) is a sport which involves hitting wooden, plastic, or composite balls with a mallet through hoops (often called "wickets" in the United States) embedded in a grass playing court.

The sport was codified in England in the 1860s and then spread overseas. However, similar games have been recorded back to the late Middle Ages. Today, there are several variations of the game.

At its highest level, the game is played internationally with top players coming from Australia, England, Spain, Egypt, South Africa and the United States amongst other countries.

The sport can be played equally well by men and women. In 2018, two international championships open to both sexes were won by women.
Thomas Mermillod-Blondin
Thomas Mermillod-Blondin (born 3 January 1984) is a former World Cup alpine ski racer from France. Born in Annecy, Haute-Savoie, he primarily competed in super-G, but his best results were in the super combined event: he took five of his six World Cup podiums in combined, with the other coming in super-G. Mermillod-Blondin made his World Cup debut in 2007 and represented France at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver and the 2011 World Championships. He made a total of 179 World Cup starts in his career. In February 2019 Mermillod-Blondin announced that he would retire from competition following a combined race in Bansko, Bulgaria that month.

FIS Alpine Ski World Cup
The FIS Alpine Ski World Cup is the top international circuit of alpine skiing competitions, launched in 1966 by a group of ski racing friends and experts that included French journalist Serge Lang and the alpine ski team directors from France (Honore Bonnet) and the USA (Bob Beattie). It was soon backed by International Ski Federation president Marc Hodler during the FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 1966 at Portillo, Chile, and became an official FIS event in the spring of 1967 after the FIS Congress at Beirut, Lebanon.

The inaugural World Cup race was held on 5 January 1967 in Berchtesgaden, West Germany, a slalom won by Heinrich Messner of Austria. Jean-Claude Killy of France and Nancy Greene of Canada were the overall winners for the first two seasons.
Aidala
Aidala is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Christine Aidala (fl. 1999), American physicist

Katherine Aidala (fl. 2001), American physicist

Tom Aidala (1933–2016), American architect

Tom Aidala
Tom Aidala (December 23, 1933, New York – January 22, 2016, Kelseyville, California) was an American architect. He was the principal architect behind the revitalization of downtown San Jose, California. His projects included pedestrian bridges over the Guadalupe River, the Circle of Palms near the Fairmont San Jose, and the Paseo de San Antonio transit station. He was employed by the San Jose Redevelopment Agency between 1983 and 1998. An avowed Modernist, he wrote "Thou shalt not allow one more mansard roof in San Jose."
N-ary group
In mathematics, and in particular universal algebra, the concept of an n-ary group (also called a polyadic group, an n-group, or a multiary group) is a generalization of the concept of a group to a set G with an n-ary operation instead of a binary operation.   By an n-ary operation is meant any map f: Gn → G from the n-th Cartesian power of G to G.  The axioms for an n-ary group are defined in such a way that they reduce to those of a group in the case n = 2.  The earliest work on these structures was done in 1904 by Kasner and in 1928 by Dörnte; the first systematic account of (what were then called) polyadic groups was given in 1940 by Emil Leon Post in a famous 143-page paper in the Transactions of the American Mathematical Society.

Arity
In logic, mathematics, and computer science, arity (/ˈærɪti/ ⓘ) is the number of arguments or operands taken by a function, operation or relation. In mathematics, arity may also be called rank, but this word can have many other meanings. In logic and philosophy, arity may also be called adicity and degree. In linguistics, it is usually named valency.
Marion High School (Kansas)
Marion High School is a public secondary school in Marion, Kansas, United States.  It is one of three schools operated by Marion–Florence USD 408 school district.  It is the sole public high school for the communities of Marion, Florence, Aulne, Canada, Eastshore, Marion County Lake, and nearby rural areas of Marion County

Marion County Lake
Marion County Lake is 1.5 miles (2.4 km) southeast of Marion, on the western edge of the Flint Hills region of Kansas, United States. An unincorporated residential community is around the lake. The much larger Marion Reservoir is located northwest of Marion.
The Coltrane Legacy
The Coltrane Legacy is a compilation album credited to jazz musician John Coltrane, released in 1970 on Atlantic Records, catalogue SD 1553. Issued posthumously, it consists of outtakes from recording sessions which yielded the albums Olé Coltrane, Coltrane Plays the Blues, Coltrane's Sound, and Bags & Trane. All selections were previously unreleased.

The album received a Grammy nomination for Best Jazz Performance.

Milt Jackson
Milton Jackson (January 1, 1923 – October 9, 1999), nicknamed "Bags", was an American jazz vibraphonist. He is especially remembered for his cool swinging solos as a member of the Modern Jazz Quartet and his penchant for collaborating with hard bop and post-bop players.

A very expressive player, Jackson differentiated himself from other vibraphonists in his attention to variations on harmonics and rhythm. He was particularly fond of the twelve-bar blues at slow tempos. On occasion, Jackson also sang and played piano.
Dhiren Bhagat
Dhiren Bhagat (1957–1988) was an Indian journalist. His writing appeared in prominent publications of the pre-1990 era, and  have been compiled in a book published by Viking. A contributor to the mainstream Indian and British media, his work was widely noticed, as was his early death at the age of 31.

He is also known for his writing on the insurgency in Punjab in the 1980s.

Viking Press
Viking Press (formally Viking Penguin, also listed as Viking Books) is an American publishing company owned by Penguin Random House. It was founded in New York City on March 1, 1925, by Harold K. Guinzburg and George S. Oppenheimer and then acquired by the Penguin Group in 1975.

The publisher's name and logo, a Viking ship drawn by Rockwell Kent, were chosen as symbols of enterprise, adventure, and exploration in publishing.

Viking Press was sold to Penguin Books in 1975 for $12 million due to the publishing house's monetary difficulties. These were speculated to have been caused by the shrinkage in the juvenile market and Viking Press' lack of a textbook division.
Alpha privative
An alpha privative or, rarely, privative a (from Latin alpha prīvātīvum, from Ancient Greek α στερητικόν) is the prefix a- or an- (before vowels) that is used in Indo-European languages such as Sanskrit and Greek and in words borrowed therefrom to express negation or absence, for example the English words of Greek origin atypical, anesthetic, and analgesic, as well as the English word of Sanskrit origin ahimsa (ahinsa).

It is derived from a Proto-Indo-European syllabic nasal *n̥-, the zero ablaut grade of the negation *ne, i.e. /n/ used as a vowel. For this reason, it usually appears as an- before vowels (e.g. an-alphabetism, an-esthesia, an-archy). It shares the same root with the Greek prefix nē- or ne-, in Greek νη- or νε-, that is also privative (e.g. ne-penthe).

It is not to be confused with, among other things, an alpha copulative (e.g. a-delphós) or the prefix an- (i.e. the preposition aná with ecthlipsis or elision of its final vowel before a following vowel; e.g. an-ode).

Nepenthe
Nepenthe /nɪˈpɛnθi/ (Ancient Greek: νηπενθές, nēpenthés) is a possibly fictional medicine for sorrow – a "drug of forgetfulness" mentioned in ancient Greek literature and Greek mythology, depicted as originating in Egypt.

The carnivorous plant genus Nepenthes is named after the drug nepenthe.
Odeon of Domitian
The Odeon of Domitian was an ancient Roman building on the Campus Martius in Rome, used for plays and musical competitions and with room for an audience of 11,000. The first Odeum, at Rome, was built by Domitian in imitation of Greek odeons (neighbouring his stadium to its south). It was completed or restored in 106 by Apollodorus of Damascus. The outline of its cavea is still preserved by the façade of the Palazzo Massimo alle Colonne, but the only actual remains is a cipoline monolithic column (possibly part of the stage) just in front of the Palazzo's rear façade.

Apollodorus of Damascus
Apollodorus of Damascus (Ancient Greek: Ἀπολλόδωρος ὁ Δαμασκηνός) was an architect and engineer from Roman Syria, who flourished during the 2nd century AD. As an architect he authored several technical treatises, and his massive architectural output gained him immense popularity during his time. He is one of the few architects whose name survives from antiquity, and is credited with introducing several Eastern innovations to the Roman Imperial style, such as making the dome a standard. He is also known as Apollodorus Mechanicus.
Agon Sadiku
Agon Sadiku (born 10 March 2003) is a Finnish professional footballer who plays as a centre-forward for Veikkausliiga club KuPS, on loan from Emmen. A former youth international for Finland, he played for the Kosovo national team in a pair of friendlies before switching back to play for the Finland national team.

Finnish League Cup
The Finnish League Cup (in Finnish: Liigacup), is a knock-out football competition contested annually during the pre-season in winter by teams from Veikkausliiga. 
The competition is notably the only football competition in Europe which is mostly played indoors. It is also administrated by Veikkausliiga
Thomas B. Silver
Thomas B. Silver (1947 – December 26, 2001) was an American author and scholar who was president of the Claremont Institute. His first book, Coolidge and the Historians, a biography of President Calvin Coolidge, was considered to be a favorite of a later president, Ronald Reagan. He had a bachelor's degree in political science from Kalamazoo College and a doctorate in government from Claremont Graduate School.

He died of an aggressive brain tumor at St. Jude's Hospital in Fullerton, California, at the age of 54.

Claremont Institute
The Claremont Institute is an American conservative think tank based in Upland, California, founded in 1979 by four students of Harry V. Jaffa. It produces the Claremont Review of Books, The American Mind, and other publications.

The institute was an early defender of Donald Trump. After Joe Biden won the 2020 United States presidential election and Trump refused to concede, Claremont Institute senior fellow John Eastman aided Trump in his failed attempts to overturn the election results.
Dermoid cyst
A dermoid cyst is a teratoma of a cystic nature that contains an array of developmentally mature, solid tissues. It frequently consists of skin, hair follicles, and sweat glands, while other commonly found components include clumps of long hair, pockets of sebum, blood, fat, bone, nail, teeth, eyes, cartilage, and thyroid tissue.

As dermoid cysts grow slowly and contain mature tissue, this type of cystic teratoma is nearly always benign. In those rare cases wherein the dermoid cyst is malignant, a squamous cell carcinoma usually develops in adults, while infants and children usually present with an endodermal sinus tumor.: 781

Hair
Hair is a protein filament that grows from follicles found in the dermis. Hair is one of the defining characteristics of mammals.
The human body, apart from areas of glabrous skin, is covered in follicles which produce thick terminal and fine vellus hair. Most common interest in hair is focused on hair growth, hair types, and hair care, but hair is also an important biomaterial primarily composed of protein, notably alpha-keratin.

Attitudes towards different forms of hair, such as hairstyles and hair removal, vary widely across different cultures and historical periods, but it is often used to indicate a person's personal beliefs or social position, such as their age, gender, or religion.