hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Grimble Bell School
Grimble Bell School (1830s–1860), was a segregated private school in Washington, Louisiana, United States, for African American students. It was the earliest African American school in the St. Landry Parish, founded in the 1830s, and shut down in 1860 by White vigilantes.

Early educational opportunities for local Black students, like at the Grimble Bell School of the 1830s, were almost exclusively available to only the children of wealthy free people of color. Tuition cost fifteen dollars, and the school had up to 125 students enrolled at its peak. Subjects taught in the classes included history, bookkeeping, arithmetic, writing, English, French, and Latin.

Vigilantism
Vigilantism (/ˌvɪdʒɪˈlæntɪzəm/) is an act commonly summarized as "taking the law into one's own hands" which, according to Merriam Webster, means "to try to punish someone for breaking a law even though one does not have the right to do that." A vigilante is a person who practices or partakes in vigilantism.
Hungary at the 1988 Summer Olympics
Hungary competed at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea. The nation returned after the Soviet bloc boycott of the 1984 Summer Olympics. 188 competitors, 152 men and 36 women, took part in 135 events in 20 sports.

József Szabó
József Szabó (born 10 March 1969) is a retired Hungarian swimmer. He competed in three individual events at the 1988 Olympics and won a gold medal in the 200 m breaststroke; he placed fourth in the 400 m and 24th in the 200 m medley events. Between 1986 and 1989 he won two gold, one silver and one bronze medals in those three events at the world and European championships. In 2012 he was inducted into the International Swimming Hall of Fame.
North Korea at the World Artistic Gymnastics Championships
In 1991 Kim Gwang-suk won the first medal, a gold on uneven bars, for North Korea at the World Championships.  However, her win became controversial when it was discovered that North Korean officials had falsified her birth year as it was listed as 15 for three years in a row.  Although the International Gymnastics Federation punished the North Korean gymnastics federation by barring their women's team from competing at the 1993 World Championships, they did allow Kim to keep her medal.  North Korea faced further age-falsification controversy when it was discovered that 2007 World silver medalist Hong Su-jong had listed three different birth years (1989, 1985 and 1986) between 2003 and 2010.

Pae Gil-su became the first North Korean man to win a World Championships medal, winning gold on pommel horse in 1992.

1993 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships
The 1993 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships were held in Birmingham, Great Britain. There was no team competition at this meet; gymnasts competed in the all-around and event finals only.

The opening ceremony took place on 12 April at the National Indoor Arena, and the competition took place from 13–18 April at the National Exhibition Centre. Fifty-seven nations participated, more than at any previous edition of the World Artistic Gymnastics Championships. The member states of the Soviet Union competed under their own flags for the first time.

This was the first world championships to allow only 24 gymnasts in the all-around final, with 2 gymnasts per nation instead of 3. This format returned at the 2003 World Championships and has remained ever since.
Rhein-Main Arena
The Rhein-Main Arena or Speedway Arena Diedenbergen is an 6,500 capacity motorcycle speedway and Flat track facility in Hofheim am Taunus, Germany. The track is located on the Wildsachsener Str road, on the northern outskirts of the village Diedenbergen and south west outskirts of Hofheim am Taunus. The track hosts the speedway team MSC Diedenbergen who race in the German Team Speedway Championship.

The stadium has been a significant venue for major speedway events, including the final of the 1996 Speedway World Team Cup.

On 12 May 2019, the 396 metre track record was broken by Kevin Wölbert, who recorded 66.41 sec.

Since 2020, it has held a round of the FIM Flat Track World Championship.

FIM Flat Track World Championship
The FIM Flat Track World Championship is the premier competition organized by FIM on the sport of flat track racing. It takes place every year as a calendar competition on different locations across the world. It was first contested in 2011 and Italian rider Francesco Cecchini has won the championship a record 6 times in a row.
Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers
The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers (BEA) is a two-volume biographical dictionary, first published in 2007, with a second edition released in 2014. The work covers astronomers from all regions, born anytime between antiquity and mid-1918. It includes more than 1500 biographies of both well-known and more obscure astronomers, produced by 410 contributors.
The encyclopedia has been published in both a print and online format by the publisher, Springer.

Biographical dictionary
A biographical dictionary is a type of encyclopedic dictionary limited to biographical information. Many attempt to cover the major personalities of a country (with limitations, such as living persons only, in Who's Who, or deceased people only, in the Dictionary of National Biography). Others are specialized, in that they cover important names in a subject field, such as architecture or engineering.
ADP-glyceromanno-heptose 6-epimerase
In enzymology, an ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose 6-epimerase (EC 5.1.3.20) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

ADP-D-glycero-D-manno-heptose  ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose

Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, ADP-D-glycero-D-manno-heptose, and one product, ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose.

This enzyme belongs to the family of isomerases, specifically those racemases and epimerases acting on carbohydrates and derivatives.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose 6-epimerase. This enzyme participates in lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis.  It employs one cofactor, NADP+ in a direct oxidation mechanism.

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, abbreviated NADP or, in older notation, TPN (triphosphopyridine nucleotide), is a cofactor used in anabolic reactions, such as the Calvin cycle and lipid and nucleic acid syntheses, which require it as a reducing agent ('hydrogen source'). NADPH is the reduced form, whereas NADP+ is the oxidized form. NADP+ is used by all forms of cellular life. NADP+ is essential for life because it is needed for cellular respiration.

NADP+ differs from NAD+ by the presence of an additional phosphate group on the 2' position of the ribose ring that carries the adenine moiety. This extra phosphate is added by NAD+ kinase and removed by NADP+ phosphatase.
2004 Southern Conference baseball tournament
The 2004 Southern Conference baseball tournament was held at Joseph P. Riley Jr. Park in Charleston, South Carolina, from May 26 through 30. Third seeded The Citadel won the tournament and earned the Southern Conference's automatic bid to the 2004 NCAA Division I baseball tournament. It was the Bulldogs seventh SoCon tournament win.

The top eight baseball programs in the conference participated in the double-elimination tournament. Furman, Wofford, and Appalachian State were not in the field. College of Charleston claimed its first top seed by winning its first regular season championship.

2004 NCAA Division I baseball tournament
The 2004 NCAA Division I baseball tournament was held from June 4 through June 27, 2004. Sixty-four NCAA Division I college baseball teams met after having played their way through a regular season, and for some, a conference tournament, to play in the NCAA tournament.  The tournament culminates with 8 teams in the College World Series at historic Rosenblatt Stadium in Omaha, Nebraska.

In the 58th College World Series and the 55th series held in Omaha, the Cal State Fullerton Titans rode the arm of Jason Windsor, named the Series' Most Outstanding Player, to prevail over the field and claim the 2004 National Championship. The Titans won Bracket II with a 3–1 record and went on to sweep Bracket I winner Texas in two games to claim the title. Windsor picked up two complete game victories and a save, and threw more than 300 pitches in the series. Ricky Romero also recorded two wins for the Titans.
Cycling at the 2025 SEA Games
Cycling competitions at the 2025 SEA Games were held at various locations. Road racing took place at Khao Yai National Park and Chulachomklao Royal Military Academy in Mueang Prachinburi, Prachinburi. Mountain biking was held at Khao Kheow Open Zoo in Si Racha, Chonburi. BMX cycling took place at Kamol Sports Park in Nong Chok, Bangkok. Track cycling took place at the Velodrome at Huamark Sports Complex in Bang Kapi, Bangkok. The competitions took place from 10 to 19 December 2025.

Chonburi
Chonburi (Thai: ชลบุรี, RTGS: Chon Buri, IAST: jalapurī, pronounced [tɕ͡ʰōn bū.rīː] ⓘ) is the capital of Chonburi Province and, as part of the district Mueang Chonburi, the seventh-largest city in Thailand. It is about 100 km southeast of Bangkok, on the coast of the Gulf of Thailand, and has an urban population of 342,959. Its name means 'city of water'.

Chonburi, along with the urban areas of Si Racha and Pattaya, forms a conurbation known as the Pattaya-Chonburi Metropolitan Area, which has a total population of 999,092.

Chonburi town has had town (thesaban mueang) status since 1935 and makes up only a small part of the current city-scape.
Blanka Pěničková
Blanka Pěničková is a former Czech football midfielder, currently assistant coach for Slavia Prague in the Czech First Division. She has also played in Italy's Serie A for UPC Tavagnacco.

She played for the Czech national team. She made her debut on 25 April 1999 in a match against  Austria.

ASD UPC Tavagnacco
Associazione Sportiva Dilettantistica Unione Polisportiva Comunale Tavagnacco, also known as Graphistudio Tavagnacco for sponsorship reasons, is an Italian women's football club from Tavagnacco, Friuli-Venezia Giulia.
1962 United States Senate election in Oregon
The 1962 United States Senate election in Oregon was held on November 8, 1962, to select the U.S. Senator from the state of Oregon. Democratic Senator Wayne Morse decided to seek re-election for a fourth term. He defeated Republican candidate Sig Unander in the general election. This would be the last time Democrats won the Class 3 Senate seat from Oregon until Ron Wyden's victory in the 1996 special election.

Ron Wyden
Ronald Lee  Wyden (/ˈwaɪdən/ WY-dən; born May 3, 1949) is an American politician serving as the senior United States senator from Oregon, a seat he has held since 1996. A member of the Democratic Party, he served in the United States House of Representatives from 1981 until 1996. Upon the death of Representative Don Young in 2022, Wyden became the dean of the West Coast's Congressional delegation. He is the dean of Oregon's congressional delegation and serves as the ranking member of the Senate Finance Committee. Known for his libertarian-leaning stances within the Democratic Party, Wyden has been a prominent advocate for privacy rights, internet freedom, and limiting government surveillance, positioning him as a defender of civil liberties.
Corriechatachan
Corriechatachan (Gaelic for “Corrie of the wild cats”) is a farmstead (now ruined), lying at the foot of Beinn na Caillich, near Broadford, on the Isle of Skye. Until the 19th century, it was a tack farmed by a cadet branch of the Clan Mackinnon. Notable visitors included Thomas Pennant, in the course of the travels that resulted in the publication of A Tour of Scotland in 1769, and Samuel Johnson and James Boswell, on their tour of the Highlands.

Broadford, Skye
Broadford (Scottish Gaelic: An t-Àth Leathann [ən̪ˠ t̪aːh ˈʎɛhən̪ˠ]), together with nearby Harrapool, is the second-largest settlement on the Isle of Skye, Scotland. Lying in the shadow of the Red Cuillin mountains, Broadford is within the parish of Strath. A long meandering village historically consisting of a few buildings on either side of the Broadford River, the many small townships around the wide sweep of the bay have grown together and Broadford now stretches for 1+1⁄2 miles (2.4 kilometres) around the southern side of Broadford Bay.
Champion Lakes Provincial Park
Champion Lakes Provincial Park is a provincial park in the West Kootenay region of British Columbia, Canada, northeast of the city of Trail in the province's West Kootenay region.

The park was established by order-in-council in 1955. Its boundaries were adjusted in 2000 to approximately 1,245 hectares and again in 2004 to approximately 1,452 hectares.

Trail, British Columbia
Trail is a city in the western Kootenays region of the Interior of British Columbia, Canada. It was named after the Dewdney Trail, which passed through the area. The town was first called Trail Creek or Trail Creek Landing, and the name was shortened to Trail in 1897.
2012–13 Scottish Cup
The 2012–13 Scottish Cup was the 128th season of Scotland's most prestigious football knockout competition. The tournament began on 4 August 2012 and ended on 26 May 2013. It was sponsored by bookmaker William Hill in the second season of a three-year partnership and is known as the William Hill Scottish Cup. The winner of the competition qualified for the third qualifying round of the 2013–14 UEFA Europa League. The holders Hearts were knocked out by their Edinburgh rivals Hibernian in the fourth round, in a repeat of the previous season's final.

William Hill (bookmaker)
William Hill is a British gambling company founded in 1934. Its product offering includes sports betting, online casino, online poker, and online bingo. Business operations are led from its headquarters in London, with a satellite office in Malta. The company was previously listed on the London Stock Exchange until it was acquired by Caesars Entertainment in April 2021. In July 2022, William Hill was subsequently bought by 888 Holdings (now Evoke plc) for £2.2 billion.
Josep Pedrals i Urdàniz
Josep Pedrals i Urdàniz (Barcelona, 13 January 1979) is a Spanish poet and rhapsodist. He is a personality in the world of poetry reading in the Catalan Countries. He has also contributed to various mass media, including the Avui newspaper, Catalunya Ràdio or the magazines El Temps, Paper of Vidre and Bossa Nova. As a musician, in 2007 he staged the hip-hop show Endoll, together with Guillamino. He performed with Explosión Bikini and Els Nens Eutròfics.

Rhapsode
A rhapsode (Greek: ῥαψῳδός, "rhapsōidos") or, in modern usage, rhapsodist, refers to a classical Greek professional performer of epic poetry in the fifth and fourth centuries BC (and perhaps earlier). Rhapsodes notably performed the epics of Homer (Iliad and Odyssey) but also the wisdom and catalogue poetry of Hesiod and the satires of Archilochus and others. Plato's dialogue Ion, in which Socrates confronts a star player rhapsode, remains the most coherent source of information on these artists. Often, rhapsodes are depicted in Greek art, wearing their signature cloak and carrying a staff. This equipment is also characteristic of travellers in general, implying that rhapsodes were itinerant performers, moving from town to town. Rhapsodes originated in Ionia, which has been sometimes regarded as Homer's birthplace, and were also known as Homeridai, disciples of Homer, or "singers of stitched lays."
The Promised Land (Muzz album)
The Promised Land is the debut studio album by English drum and bass producer Muzz. It was released on 3 September 2020 by Monstercat.

The album was marketed with the release of six singles – "Nemesis", "Start Again", "Out There", "Somewhere Else", "Star Glide", and "The Warehouse". It contains guest features from MVE, Cammie Robinson, Bloodhounds, Pav4n of Foreign Beggars, Miss Trouble, Danyka Nadeau and Koven.

Koven (group)
Koven, sometimes stylized as KOᐯEN or KOVEN., are an English electronic dance music duo made up of producer Max Rowat and vocalist Katie Boyle. They are especially known for their drum and bass and dubstep, but also make trap, future bass, house, pop and other styles. The duo have released on various electronic music labels including Viper Recordings and Monstercat.

Rowat started the project in 2011 and had several vocalists prior to Katie Boyle joining in 2014. They have guested on BBC Radio 1 shows including BBC Radio 1 Dance Presents with Hybrid Minds. They released their debut album Butterfly Effect in 2020, which was nominated for Best Album at the 2020 Drum & Bass Arena awards.
Rocky Mountain Farmers Union v. Corey
Rocky Mountain Farmers Union v. Corey was a long-running legal dispute before the United States District Court for the Eastern District of California over the California Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS). The proceeding led to two appeals to the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals. In the most recent of these appeals, the court heard oral argument on September 26, 2018, and issued a decision on January 18, 2019, which upheld the LCFS against a constitutional challenge.

United States District Court for the Eastern District of California
The United States District Court for the Eastern District of California (in case citations, E.D. Cal.) is a federal court in the Ninth Circuit (except for patent claims and claims against the U.S. government under the Tucker Act, which are appealed to the Federal Circuit).

The District was created on March 18, 1966, with the division of the Northern and Southern districts, leading to the creation of the Central and Eastern districts.

The United States Attorney's Office for the Eastern District of California represents the United States in civil and criminal litigation in the court. As of December 4, 2025 the United States attorney is Eric Grant.
Battle of Tenancingo
The Battle of Tenancingo was a military action of the Mexican War of Independence fought on 22 January 1812 on the outskirts of Tenancingo de Degollado, State of Mexico. The battle was fought between the royalist forces loyal to the Spanish crown and the Mexican rebels fighting for independence from the Spanish Empire. The Mexican insurgents were commanded by General José María Morelos y Pavón and the Spanish by Rosendo Porlier y Asteguieta. The battle resulted in a victory for the Mexican rebels.

Rebellion
Rebellion is an uprising that resists and is organized against one's government. A rebel is a person who engages in a rebellion. A rebel group is a consciously coordinated group that seeks to gain political control over an entire state or a portion of a state. A rebellion is often caused by political, religious, or social grievances that originate from a perceived inequality or marginalization. Rebellion comes from Latin re and bellum, and in Lockian philosophy refers to the responsibility of the people to overthrow unjust government.
Woden Valley
Woden Valley (/ˈwoʊdɪn/) is a district in the Australian Capital Territory in Australia. The district is subdivided into divisions (suburbs), sections and blocks.

The name of Woden Valley is taken from the name of a nearby homestead owned by James Murray who named the homestead in October 1837 after the Old English god of wisdom, Woden. He named it this as he was to spend his life in the pursuit of wisdom. However, historian Harold Koch considers that the name may have its origins in the Aboriginal word for possum, either wadyan or wadhan, influenced in interpretation by the term known to English speakers of 'Woden'.

In 1964 it was the first satellite city to be built, separate from the district of Canberra Central. It has its own shopping centre, employment opportunities and accommodation with twelve suburbs arranged around the Woden Town Centre. At the 2021 census, the population of the district was 39,279.

Satellite city
A satellite city or satellite town is a smaller municipality or settlement that is part of (or on the edge of) a larger metropolitan area and serves as a regional population and employment center. It differs from mere suburbs, subdivisions and especially bedroom communities in that it has employment bases sufficient to support its residential population, and conceptually, could be a self-sufficient community outside of its larger metropolitan area. However, it functions as part of a metropolis and experiences high levels of cross-commuting (that is, residents commuting out of and employees commuting into the city).
Hans Vogt (linguist)
Hans Kamstrup Vogt (1 June 1903 – 25 September 1986) was a Norwegian linguist who specialized in the Caucasian languages, especially Georgian.  He also did significant early work on the Kalispel language and produced an interesting dictionary of the Ubykh language.

He was a member of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters since 1937, the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters from 1957 and of the Norwegian Academy for Language and Literature from 1971. He was an honorary member of the Linguistic Society of America, the Societas Caucasologica Europaea and the Georgian Academy of Languages. He held an honorary degree at the Tbilisi State University and won the Nansen Medal in 1967. He was decorated as a Commander of the Order of St. Olav (1966) and Chevalier of the Legion of Honour.

Politically he was a member of the organization Mot Dag from 1926 to 1936.

Norwegian Academy
The Norwegian Academy for Language and Literature (Norwegian: Det Norske Akademi for Språk og Litteratur), commonly known as the Norwegian Academy, is a Norwegian learned body on matters pertaining to the modern Norwegian language in its Dano-Norwegian variety, now commonly known as Riksmål and Bokmål. The academy was established in the Norwegian government's honorary residence Grotten in 1953 based on the model of the Swedish Academy and the French Academy, but the idea was originally conceived by Bjørn Bjørnson in 1913. Its members are elected for life on the basis of scholarly, literary or artistic merits. The academy publishes the main dictionary of Norwegian, Det Norske Akademis ordbok ("Dictionary of the Norwegian Academy", www.naob.no), is responsible for regulating the written standard known as Riksmål ("National Language") and has a literary and cultural purpose. The academy awards the Norwegian Academy Prize in memory of Thorleif Dahl.
Fairey FB-1 Gyrodyne
The Fairey FB-1 Gyrodyne was an experimental British rotorcraft that used single lifting rotor and a tractor propeller mounted on the tip of the starboard stub wing to provide both propulsion and anti-torque reaction. It was the first of a third type of rotorcraft, the gyrodyne.

Rotorcraft
A rotary-wing aircraft, rotorwing aircraft or rotorcraft is a heavier-than-air aircraft with rotary wings that spin around a vertical mast to generate lift. The assembly of several rotor blades mounted on a single mast is referred to as a rotor.

Rotorcraft generally include aircraft where one or more rotors provide lift throughout the entire flight, such as helicopters, gyroplanes, autogyros, and gyrodynes. Compound rotorcraft augment the rotor with additional thrust engines, propellers, or static lifting surfaces. Some types, such as helicopters, are capable of vertical takeoff and landing. An aircraft which uses rotor lift for vertical flight but changes to solely fixed-wing lift in horizontal flight is not a rotorcraft but a convertiplane.
Ruhann Burden
Ruhann Burden (born 8 September 1983) is a Namibian cricketer. He is a right-handed batsman.

He played his first match for the Namibian cricket team in December 2006, as an opening batsman. In the second innings of his cricketing career, he was dismissed for a golden duck by Jandre Coetzee.

Jandre Coetzee
Jandre Coetzee (born 15 January 1984) is a South African cricketer who plays first-class cricket for Griqualand West and international cricket for the Thailand national cricket team. A left-arm medium bowler, he made his first class debut in 2004–05 and in his 3 seasons has taken 92 wickets at 24.51 with best innings bowling figures of 7/42. He was included in the Griqualand West cricket team for the 2015 Africa T20 Cup.