hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bernese German
Bernese German (Standard German: Berndeutsch, Alemannic German: Bärndütsch) is the dialect of High Alemannic German spoken in the Swiss Central Plateau (Mittelland) part of the canton of Bern and in some neighbouring regions. A form of Bernese German is spoken by the Swiss Amish affiliation of the Old Order Amish in Adams County, Indiana, United States, as well as and other settlements in the US, primarily in Indiana.

Swiss Plateau
The Swiss Plateau or Central Plateau is one of the three major landscapes in Switzerland, lying between the Jura Mountains and the Swiss Alps. It covers about 30% of the Swiss surface area, and is partly flat but mostly hilly. The average height is between 400 metres (1,300 ft) and 700 metres (2,300 ft) AMSL. It is by far the most densely populated region of Switzerland, the center of economy and important transportation.
Ceratricula
Ceratricula is a genus of butterflies in the family Hesperiidae. It is monotypic, being represented by the species Ceratricula semilutea, commonly known as the tufted forest sylph which is found in Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, north-western Tanzania and north-western Zambia. The habitat consists of forests.

Adults have been recorded feeding from low growing flowers.

Skipper (butterfly)
Skippers are a group of butterflies placed in the family Hesperiidae within the order Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies). They were previously placed in a separate superfamily, Hesperioidea, but have since been placed in the superfamily Papilionoidea (the butterflies). They are named for their quick, darting flight habits. Most have their antenna tips modified into narrow, hook-like projections. Moreover, skippers mostly lack wing-coupling structure available in most moths. More than 3500 species of skippers are recognized, and they occur worldwide, but with the greatest diversity in the Neotropical regions of Central and South America.
The Petrified Forest
The Petrified Forest is a 1936 American crime drama film directed by Archie Mayo and based on Robert E. Sherwood's 1934 drama of the same name. The motion picture stars Leslie Howard, Bette Davis and Humphrey Bogart. The screenplay was written by Delmer Daves and Charles Kenyon, and adaptations were later performed on radio and television. The film is set in Petrified Forest National Park in Arizona. According to Variety, Warner Bros. Pictures filmed two endings. Howard's character dies in one and survives in the other. In May 1945, Warner Bros. released another film based on Sherwood's play, Escape in the Desert. It pits a Dutch flyer walking across country to San Francisco and others against a bunch of escaped Nazi POWs.

Paley Center for Media
The Paley Center for Media, formerly the Museum of Television & Radio (MT&R) and the Museum of Broadcasting, founded in 1975 by William S. Paley, is an American cultural institution headquartered in New York City with a branch office in Los Angeles. It is dedicated to the discussion of the cultural, creative, and social significance of television, radio, and emerging platforms for the professional community and media-interested public.

It was renamed the Paley Center for Media on June 5, 2007, to encompass emerging broadcasting technologies such as the Internet, mobile video, and podcasting, as well as to expand its role as a neutral setting where media professionals can engage in discussion and debate about the evolving media landscape.
Nexus Player
The Nexus Player is a discontinued digital media player that was co-developed by Google, Intel and Asus. It is the second media player in the Google Nexus family of consumer devices. Originally running the Android 5.0 ("Lollipop") operating system, it is the first device to employ the Android TV platform. The Nexus player supports Google Cast, the feature for selecting and controlling media playback on a television that was first introduced by Chromecast. Sales of the Nexus Player were discontinued in May 2016, and product support ended in March 2018.

Asus
ASUSTEK Computer Inc. (/ˈeɪsuːs/, /eɪˈsuːs/, /ɑːˈ-/, /əˈ-/;), doing business as ASUS, is a Taiwanese multinational computer, phone hardware and electronics manufacturer headquartered in Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan. Its products include desktop computers, laptops, netbooks, mobile phones, networking equipment, monitors, Wi-Fi routers, projectors, motherboards, graphics cards, optical storage, multimedia products, peripherals, wearables, servers, workstations and tablet PCs. The company is also an original equipment manufacturer (OEM).

As of 2024, Asus is the world's fifth-largest personal computer vendor by unit sales. Asus has a primary listing on the Taiwan Stock Exchange under the ticker code 2357 and formerly had a secondary listing on the London Stock Exchange under the ticker code ASKD.
Marczewski
Marczewski (feminine Marczewska) is a Polish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Edward Marczewski, Polish mathematician

Frank-Michael Marczewski, German footballer

Sławomir Marczewski (1950–2024), Polish politician

Teresa Marczewska, Polish actress

Wojciech Marczewski, Polish film director

Sławomir Marczewski
Sławomir Szczepan Marczewski (1 January 1950 – 15 December 2024) was a Polish politician. A member of the Democratic Left Alliance, he served in the Sejm from 1993 to 1997.

Marczewski died in Kielce on 15 December 2024, at the age of 74.
2018 FIS Cross-Country Australia/New Zealand Cup
The 2018 FIS Cross-Country Australia/New Zealand Cup was a season of the Australia/New Zealand Cup, a Continental Cup season in cross-country skiing for men and women. The season began on 21 July 2018 in Perisher Valley, New South Wales, Australia and concluded on 6 September 2018 in Snow Farm, New Zealand.

Perisher Valley, New South Wales
Perisher Valley, commonly called Perisher, is a valley formed below Mount Perisher, a mountain that is located in the Snowy Mountains of New South Wales, Australia.

Located in the Snowy Monaro Regional Council, the valley is the site of one of four resort bases of the Perisher Ski Resort, which also comprises Guthega, Blue Cow and Smiggin Holes.  It is located within the Kosciuszko National Park between Jindabyne and Charlotte Pass on the Kosciuszko Road. Access to the valley is via the Skitube Alpine Railway or by road. Although it is primarily a winter only resort village, year round accommodations are available, including tours, and bush walks.

At the 2021 census, Perisher Valley had a population of 99 people. In winter, the population is approximately 2,500 due to guests.
Volodymyr Zatonsky
Volodymyr Petrovych Zatonsky (Ukrainian: Володи́мир Зато́нський; July 27, 1888 – July 29, 1938) was a Soviet politician, academic, Communist Party activist, full member of the Ukrainian SSR Academy of Sciences (from 1929) and Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union (from 1936).

Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union
The Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union was the highest scientific institution of the Soviet Union from 1925 to 1991. It united the country's leading scientists and was subordinated directly to the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union (until 1946 the Council of People's Commissars of the Soviet Union).

In 1991, by the decree of the President of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, the Russian Academy of Sciences was established on the basis of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union.
Mohamed Abdulhusain
Mohamed Husain Abdulhusain (Arabic: محمد حسين عبد الحسين, born 12 August 1989), known as Mohamed Abdulhusain or Mohamed A. Husain or Mohamed Ali, is a Bahraini handball player for Al-Najma and the Bahraini national team.

He participated at the 2017 World Men's Handball Championship and at the delayed 2020 Summer Olympics.

Bahrain men's national handball team
The Bahrain national handball team is the national handball team of Bahrain and is controlled by the Bahrain Handball Federation. In May 2025 Robert Hedin was appointed to the position as head coach.

In January 2022 Bahrain led by Aron Kristjánsson made it to the final of the 2022 Asian Men's Handball Championship, getting to the final for the fifth time in seven tournaments. They would go on to lose to Qatar in the final. Four years later in a rematch in the final, they eventually won their first title over Qatar in 2026.
Somdet Chao Phraya subdistrict
Somdet Chao Phraya (Thai: สมเด็จเจ้าพระยา, pronounced [sǒm.dèt t͡ɕâːw pʰrā.jāː]) is one of the four khwaengs (subdistrict) of Khlong San district, Bangkok's Thonburi side (west bank of Chao Phraya river).

Chao Phraya River
The Chao Phraya River (Thai: แม่น้ำเจ้าพระยา) is the major river in Thailand, with its low alluvial plain forming the centre of the country. It flows through Bangkok and then into the Gulf of Thailand.
2015–16 New Mexico State Aggies men's basketball team
The 2015–16 New Mexico State Aggies men's basketball team represented New Mexico State University during the 2015–16 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Aggies, led by ninth year head coach Marvin Menzies, played their home games at the Pan American Center in Las Cruces, New Mexico and were members of the Western Athletic Conference. They finished the season 23–11, 13–1 in WAC play to win the WAC regular season championship. They defeated UMKC to advance to the championship game of the WAC tournament where they lost to Cal State Bakersfield. As a regular season conference champion who failed to win their conference tournament, they received an automatic bid to the National Invitation Tournament where they lost in the first round to Saint Mary's.

On April 16, 2016, head coach Marvin Menzies left the school to accept the head coaching position at UNLV. On April 26, the school hired Paul Weir, an assistant coach under Menzies, as head coach.

2016 WAC men's basketball tournament
The 2016 WAC men's basketball tournament was a postseason men's basketball tournament for the Western Athletic Conference, held from March 10–12, 2016 at Orleans Arena in Paradise, Nevada. The winner of the tournament received the conference's automatic bid into the 2016 NCAA tournament.
Beatrice, Mississippi
Beatrice is an unincorporated community in Stone County, Mississippi, and is located approximately 23 miles (37 km) southeast of Wiggins. Beatrice is part of the Gulfport-Biloxi metropolitan area.  The main period of significance was between 1894 and 1915.

Surrounded by the De Soto National Forest, Beatrice has long been a timber and sawmill community.  In the wake of Hurricane Katrina, the Beatrice Sawmill served as a distribution center for portable sawmills that were needed to convert storm-ravaged trees into lumber.

Little Creek Baptist Church and headquarters for Red Creek Wildlife Management Area are located in the Beatrice community.

Portable sawmill
Portable sawmills are sawmills small enough to be moved easily and set up in the field. They have existed for over 100 years but grew in popularity in the United States starting in the 1970s, when the 1973 oil crisis and the back-to-the-land movement had led to renewed interest in small woodlots and in self-sufficiency. Their popularity has grown exponentially since 1982, when the portable bandsaw mill was first commercialized.
Ireland for Europe
Ireland for Europe was a civil society organisation set up after the defeat of the first Irish referendum to campaign in favour of the Treaty of Nice. Initially chaired by Adrian Langan, it was chaired by Ciarán Toland from October 2001. The campaign team was also led by Michelle O'Donnell (Secretary) and Kevin Byrne (Campaign Director). Ireland for Europe joined the Irish Alliance for Europe in August 2002, forming the backbone of its volunteer canvassing campaign. The group has been inactive since the end of 2002.

In June 2009 a new organisation of the same name was launched with Pat Cox as Director. For this he stepped down from his position as President of the European Movement International.

European Movement International
The European Movement International is a lobbying association that coordinates the efforts of associations and national councils with the goal of promoting European integration, and disseminating information about it.
Édouard Bague
Édouard Jean Bague (1879 – 1911) was a French aviator. A lieutenant in the Algerian tirailleurs, he obtained his aviators's licence (number 337) from the Aéro-Club de France on 23 November 1910. He resigned his commission early in 1911 to concentrate on aviation and, in particular, his plan to cross the Mediterranean by air. In the same year he published two books, Mes premières impressions d'aviateur and Nice-Gorgone en aéroplane under the name Édouard Bague.

Arquebuse-class destroyer
The Arquebuse class was a group of 20 destroyers built for the French Navy in the first decade of the 20th century. Two ships were sunk during the First World War and the others were scrapped after the war.
Vault protector coin
Vault Protector coins (traditional Chinese: 鎮庫錢; simplified Chinese: 镇库钱; pinyin: zhèn kù qián) were a type of Chinese numismatic charm coins created by Chinese mints. These coins were significantly larger, heavier and thicker than regular cash coins and were well-made as they were designed to occupy a special place within the treasury of the mint. The treasury had a spirit hall for offerings to the gods of the Chinese pantheon, and Vault Protector coins would be hung with red silk and tassels for the Chinese God of Wealth. These coins were believed to have charm-like magical powers that would protect the vault while bringing wealth and fortune to the treasury.

Vault protector coins were produced for over a thousand years in China, with roots in the Southern Tang dynasty (Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period) and production continued into the Qing dynasty.

Manchu alphabet
The Manchu alphabet (Manchu: ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ, Möllendorff: manju hergen, Abkai: manju hergen) is the alphabet used to write the now critically endangered Manchu language. A similar script called Xibe script is used today by the Xibe people, whose language is considered either a dialect of Manchu or a closely related, mutually intelligible language. It is written vertically from top to bottom, with columns proceeding from left to right.
Cape Town Railway & Dock 2-4-0T
The Cape Town Railway & Dock 2-4-0T of 1864 was a South African steam locomotive from the pre-Union era in the Cape of Good Hope.

A railway line between Salt River and Wynberg, constructed with private capital, was opened to the public on 19 December 1864. Three 2-4-0T locomotives were acquired as motive power for the line, one by the Wynberg Railway Company and the other two by the Cape Town Railway and Dock Company, who undertook to rent and operate the Wynberg line.

In 1872, the locomotives came onto the roster of the Cape Government Railways when it took over the operation of all railways in the Cape of Good Hope. They remained in service on the Wynberg line until after its conversion to dual gauge broad-and-Cape gauges, which began around 1872, and were retired in 1881 when sufficient Cape gauge locomotives were in service.

Dual gauge
A dual gauge railroad track has three or four rails, allowing vehicles of two track gauges to run on it.

Signalling and sidings are more expensive to install on dual gauge tracks than on two single gauge tracks. Dual gauge is used when there is not enough room for two single tracks or when tracks of two different gauges meet in marshalling yards or train stations.
War (War album)
War is the third album by American band War, and their first following the departure of singer Eric Burdon and the group's name change from the original Eric Burdon and War.  It was released in March 1971 on United Artists Records, their first for the label.

The album did not gain much attention upon release, but sales and critical acclaim picked up after their subsequent hit albums throughout the 1970s, the next appearing later in 1971.  One single was taken from the album: "Lonely Feelin'" backed with "Sun Oh Son", which did not chart.  Of the other songs, "War Drums" includes a chant of the band's name and appears to be an attempt at a group theme song; and "Fidel's Fantasy" generated some controversy over its spoken word monologue criticizing Fidel Castro.

Eric Burdon
Eric Victor Burdon (born 11 May 1941) is an English singer and songwriter. He was previously the lead vocalist of the original lineup of the R&B and rock band the Animals and the funk band War. He is currently the lead vocalist of the present day lineup of Eric Burdon & the Animals. Burdon is regarded as one of the British Invasion's most distinctive singers with his deep, powerful blues-rock voice and is known for his intense stage performances.

In 2008, he was ranked 57th in Rolling Stone's list of "The 100 Greatest Singers of All Time".
Asim Waqif
Asim Waqif is an Indian artist based in New Delhi, whose work is influenced by interdisciplinary fields of art, architecture, ecology and design. He makes site-specific or interactive installations and sculptures, which are often made out of discarded or reclaimed waste materials, like bamboo, rope, tar or trashed metal.

In Waqif's 2012 The New York Times profile, he was quoted as saying: "Contemporary Indian art is so disjointed from the public. It’s elitist. I want to connect with the average person in India." In March 2020, he was named one of the 10 Indian artists shaping contemporary art by the online art platform Artsy.

Peter Nagy (artist)
Peter Nagy (born 1959) is an American artist known for his post-conceptual art of the 1980s and as an active art gallerist. He is closely associated with Gallery Nature Morte, which he co-founded with artist Alan Belcher in New York City's East Village in 1982. Gallery Nature Morte remained open until 1988 and is considered a major part of the Collins & Milazzo exhibitions sensual conceptualism scene. In 1992, Nagy moved to New Delhi, India, where Gallery Nature Morte is now located.
Adamstuen
Adamstuen is a neighborhood in the borough of St. Hanshaugen in Oslo, Norway. It is located south of Ullevål University Hospital. It is served by Adamstuen stop of the Oslo Tramway.

The neighborhood's name comes from Adam R. Steen (d. 1807), a storekeeper who owned the property, combined with the Norwegian stue, 'cabin, house with one single room', inflected in definite form. A similar etymology is evident in the name of the Majorstuen neighborhood.

The September 2009 issue of Monocle featured an article on Thereses gate, a street running through the heart of the neighborhood, noting its "small-town feel".

Definiteness
In linguistics, definiteness is a semantic feature of noun phrases that distinguishes between referents or senses that are identifiable in a given context (definite noun phrases) and those that are not (indefinite noun phrases). The prototypical definite noun phrase picks out a unique, familiar, specific referent such as the sun or Australia, as opposed to indefinite examples like an idea or some fish.

There is considerable variation in the expression of definiteness across languages, and some languages such as Japanese do not generally mark it, so the same expression can be definite in some contexts and indefinite in others. In other languages, such as English, it is usually marked by the selection of determiner (e.g., the vs. a). Still other languages, such as Danish, mark definiteness morphologically by changing the noun itself (e.g. Danish en mand (a man), manden (the man)).
Laura Beatrice Mancini
Laura Beatrice Mancini (January 17, 1821 – July 17, 1869), born Laura Beatrice Oliva, was an Italian poet.

Laura Oliva was born in Naples, and in 1840 married Italian jurist and statesman Pasquale Stanislao Mancini. She wrote a variety of poetry, and ran a literary salon for liberal-minded Neapolitans from the 1840s. Many of her poems focused on contemporary political events (see Italian unification), especially after 1860.

Salon (gathering)
A salon is a gathering of people held by a host. These gatherings often consciously followed Horace's definition of the aims of poetry, "either to please or to educate" (Latin: aut delectare aut prodesse). Salons in the tradition of the French literary and philosophical movements of the 17th and 18th centuries are still being conducted.
Ethelyn Maria Tucker
Ethelyn Dahleatte Maria Tucker (December 3, 1871, in Hardwick, Massachusetts – August 23, 1959) was an American botanist, author, and librarian at Harvard University's Arnold Arboretum in Boston, Massachusetts.

Arnold Arboretum
The Arnold Arboretum is a botanical research institution and free public park affiliated with Harvard University and located in the Jamaica Plain and Roslindale neighborhoods of Boston.

Established in 1872, it is the oldest public arboretum in North America. The landscape was designed by Charles Sprague Sargent and Frederick Law Olmsted and is the second largest "link" in the Emerald Necklace. The Arnold Arboretum's collection of temperate trees, shrubs, and vines has an emphasis on the plants of the eastern North America and eastern Asia, where Arboretum staff and colleagues are sourcing new material on plant collecting expeditions. The Arboretum supports research in its landscape and in its Weld Hill Research Building.
Pupstruction
Pupstruction is an American animated television series created by Travis Braun that debuted on Disney Jr. on June 14, 2023, in the USA. Produced by Titmouse, Inc., the series centers on the crew of a dog construction company. On January 13, 2023, five months prior to premiering, it was renewed for a second season, which premiered on October 14, 2024.

In February 2024, ahead of the second season premiere, the series was renewed for a third season.

Titmouse, Inc.
Titmouse, Inc. (also known as Titmouse Animation or simply Titmouse; formerly known as Titmouse Productions) is an American animation studio based in Los Angeles, California founded in 2000 by Chris and Shannon Prynoski. The studio develops and produces animated television programs, feature films, music videos, title sequences, commercials, and short films. Its name is derived from the titmouse, which serves as the company's mascot.
Schiffers
Schiffers is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andrzej Boleslaw Schiffers, Polish businessman

Emanuel Schiffers (1850–1904), Russian chess player and chess writer

Marie-Hélène Schiffers, Belgian racing cyclist

Emanuel Schiffers
Emanuel (Emmanuel) Stepanovich Schiffers (Russian: Эммануил Степанович Шифферс;  4 May [O.S. 22 April] 1850 – 12 December [O.S. 29 November] 1904) was a Russian chess player and chess writer.  For  many years he was the second leading Russian player after Mikhail Chigorin.
Spafford (band)
Spafford is a U.S.-based jam band that blends multiple genres of music including rock, funk, jazz, reggae, ska, and electro-pop. The group self-releases its recordings, including studio albums, improvisational sessions, and soundboard releases of their live shows.

Widespread Panic
Widespread Panic is an American rock band from Athens, Georgia. The current lineup includes guitarist/singer John Bell, bassist Dave Schools, drummer Duane Trucks, percussionist Domingo "Sunny" Ortiz, keyboardist John "JoJo" Hermann, and guitarist Jimmy Herring. The band's original guitarist and sometime songwriter, Michael Houser, died of pancreatic cancer in 2002, and the original drummer, Todd Nance, left in 2016 and died in 2020.

The band was formed in Athens in 1986, and is influenced by southern rock, blues rock, progressive rock, funk and hard rock genres. They have been compared to other jam bands including the Grateful Dead and Phish. Widely renowned for their live performances, they have held the record for number of sold-out performances at Red Rocks Amphitheatre and State Farm Arena in Atlanta.