hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Serravalle (1544)
The Battle of Serravalle took place on 2–4 June 1544 in Serravalle Scrivia, in the Apennine Mountains, between the Imperial-Spanish army commanded by Don Alfonso d'Avalos, Marquis del Vasto, and a force of freshly raised Italian mercenaries in French service, led by Pietro Strozzi, member of the rich and famous Florentine family of the Strozzi, and Giovan Francesco Orsini, Count of Pitigliano, during the Italian War of 1542–1546.

Strozzi family
The House of Strozzi is the name of an ancient patrician (later noble with princely and ducal titles) Florentine family, who like their great rivals the House of Medici, began in banking before moving into politics. Until its exile from Florence in 1434, the Strozzi family was by far the richest in the city, and was rivaled only by the Medici family, who ultimately took control of the government and ruined the Strozzi both financially and politically. This political and financial competition was the origin of the Strozzi-Medici rivalry. Later, while the Medici ruled Florence, the Strozzi family ruled Siena, which Florence attacked, causing great animosity between the two families. Soon afterward, the Strozzi married into the Medici family, essentially giving the Medici superiority.
Pseudolarix amabilis
Pseudolarix amabilis is a species of coniferous tree in the pine family Pinaceae. The species is commonly known as golden larch, but being more closely related to Keteleeria, Abies and Cedrus, is not a true larch (Larix).  P. amabilis is native to eastern China, occurring in small areas in the mountains of southern Anhui, Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei and eastern Sichuan, at altitudes of 100–1,500 m (328–4,921 ft).  The earliest known occurrences are of compression fossils found in the Ypresian Allenby Formation and mummified fossils found in the Late Eocene Buchanan Lake Formation on Axel Heiberg Island.

Cedrus
Cedrus, with the common English name cedar, is a genus of coniferous trees in the plant family Pinaceae (subfamily Abietoideae). They are native to the mountains of the western Himalayas and the Mediterranean region at high altitudes. The trees grow tall with a cylindrical trunk and a wide leafy crown. The cones are erect; the leaves grow in tufts of 15–45 needle leaves, which can be bright green or blue-green with a waxy coat. When the cones are mature, they disintegrate to release the seeds, which are winged. Both pollen and seeds are wind-dispersed.

Cedars are often planted as ornamental trees in parks and large gardens, while others are grown as bonsai. Cedar wood and cedarwood oil are naturally repellent to moths, and have an attractive, long-persistent scent.
Jun Li (director)
Jun Li (Chinese: 李駿碩; born 3 August 1991) is a Hong Kong filmmaker and critic. Li made his feature film debut with Tracey in 2018. He won the Golden Horse Award for Best Adapted Screenplay at the 58th Golden Horse Awards in November 2021 for his second film Drifting. In November 2025, he won the Golden Horse Award for Best Director for his third film Queerpanorama. He is also a member of the Hong Kong Film Critics Society.

Golden Horse Award for Best Adapted Screenplay
The Golden Horse Award for Best Adapted Screenplay (Chinese: 金馬獎最佳改編劇本) is presented annually at Taiwan's Golden Horse Film Awards.

It was first awarded in 1962 as Best Screenplay. Starting from the 16th Golden Horse Awards in 1979, it was split into two separate categories, the other being Golden Horse Award for Best Original Screenplay.
Everybody Salsa
"Everybody Salsa" is a song by British band Modern Romance, released as a 7-inch and 12-inch single by WEA in 1981. It was also released in the United States, Benelux, Germany, France, Italy and Mexico. The song was produced by David Jaymes, Geoff Deane and Norman Mighell. It was their first entry into the charts, reaching No. 12 on the UK Singles Chart and No. 19 on the Irish Singles Chart.

Irish Singles Chart
The Irish Singles Chart is the Republic of Ireland's music industry standard singles popularity chart issued weekly by the Irish Recorded Music Association (IRMA) and compiled on their behalf by the Official Charts Company. Chart rankings are based on sales, which are compiled through over-the-counter retail data captured electronically each day from retailers' EPOS systems. All major record shops, digital retailers and streaming services contribute to the chart, accounting for over 95% of the market. A new chart is compiled and released to the public by the Irish Recorded Music Association on Friday at noon. Each chart is dated with the "week-ending" date of the previous Thursday (i.e., the day before issue). The singles chart was first published on 1 October 1962, and covered the top ten singles of the previous week by record label shipments.

As of the issue dated 27 February 2026, the current number-one single on the chart is "Rein Me In" by Sam Fender and Olivia Dean.
Rat-catcher
A rat-catcher is a person who kills or captures rats as a professional form of pest control. Keeping the rat population under control was practiced in Europe to prevent the spread of diseases, most notoriously the Black Death, and to prevent damage to food supplies. In modern developed countries, such a professional is otherwise known as a pest control operative or pest exterminator.

Trapping
Animal trapping, or simply trapping or ginning, is the use of a device to remotely catch and often kill an animal. Animals may be trapped for a variety of purposes, including for meat, fur/feathers, sport hunting, pest control, and wildlife management.

Among trapping methods, some are considered relatively humane while others are seen as excessively cruel. Laws in the European Union and many U.S. states ban inhumane traps such as foothold traps, and instead promote body-grip traps, which kill animals quickly and are therefore regarded as more humane. All traps, whether for capture or killing, must be checked at least every 24 hours, and humane guidelines recommend more frequent checks and, where possible, the use of monitoring devices that alert when a trap is triggered. Because improper trapping can cause severe animal suffering and pose risks to pets, wildlife, and humans, specialized certification programs train professionals in humane and safe pest management.
Code page 922
Code page 922 (CCSID 922) (also known as CP 922, IBM 00922, and Estonia ISO-8) is a code page used under IBM AIX and DOS to write the Estonian language. It is an extension and modification of ISO/IEC 8859-1, where the letters Ð/ð and Þ/þ used for Icelandic are replaced by the letters Š/š and Ž/ž respectively. This matches the encoding of these letters in Windows-1257 (LST 1590-3) and ISO/IEC 8859-13.

Code page 902 (CCSID 902) is the euro currency update of code page/CCSID 922. In that code page, the "¤" (currency) character at code point A4 is replaced with the "€" (euro) character.

IBM AIX
AIX (pronounced /ˌeɪ.aɪ.ˈɛks/ ay-eye-EKS) is a series of proprietary Unix operating systems developed and sold by IBM since 1986. The name stands for "Advanced Interactive eXecutive". Current versions are designed to work with Power ISA based server and workstation computers such as IBM's Power line.
Networked music performance
A networked music performance or network musical performance is a real-time interaction over a computer network that enables musicians in different locations to perform as if they were in the same room. These interactions can include performances, rehearsals, improvisation or jamming sessions, and situations for learning such as master classes.  Participants may be connected by "high fidelity multichannel audio and video links" as well as MIDI data connections and specialized collaborative software tools.  While not intended to be a replacement for traditional live stage performance, networked music performance supports musical interaction when co-presence is not possible and allows for novel forms of music expression. Remote audience members and possibly a conductor may also participate.

Master class
A master class is a class given to students of a particular discipline by an expert of that discipline—usually music, but also science, painting, drama, games, or on any other occasion where skills are being developed.

"Masterclass" is also used in a figurative sense to describe a display of great skill in a context where education was not the primary intention; e.g., "his last few laps were a masterclass in overtaking" (referencing a race around a track).
9–10th & Locust station
9–10th & Locust station is an underground rapid transit station on the PATCO Speedline, operated by the Delaware River Port Authority. It is located in the Washington Square West neighborhood of Center City Philadelphia, under Locust Street between 9th and 10th Streets.

This is one of the few PATCO stations that does not have 24-hour service; the station is closed daily between 12:07 am and 4:15 am.

Delaware River Port Authority
The Delaware River Port Authority (DRPA), officially the Delaware River Port Authority of Pennsylvania and New Jersey, is a bi-state agency instrumentality created by a congressionally approved interstate compact between the state governments of Pennsylvania and New Jersey. The authority is principally charged with maintaining and developing transportation links between the two states, including four bridges and a mass transit rail line across the Delaware River. Although the DRPA has "port" in its name, it does not own or operate any ports.
Tyrnyauz
Tyrnyauz (Russian: Тырныауз; Karachay-Balkar: Тырныаўуз, Tırnıawuz) is a town and the administrative center of Elbrussky District of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, Russia, located on the main road leading to the Upper Baksan valley area and on the main climbing route for Mount Elbrus. Population: 21,000 (2010 census). Tyrnyauz is the largest town in the Baksan Valley and an essential provisioning point for trips into the Elbrus region.

Kabardino-Balkaria
Kabardino-Balkaria (Russian: Кабарди́но-Балка́рия), officially the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, is a republic of Russia located in the North Caucasus. As of the 2021 Census, its population was 904,200. Its capital is Nalchik. The area contains the highest mountain in Europe,  Mount Elbrus, at 5,642 m (18,510 ft). Mount Elbrus has 22 glaciers that feed three rivers — Baksan, Malka and Kuban. The mountain is covered with snow year-round.
Karelian Industrial Complex
Karelian Industrial Complex (Карельский комбинат) is a Russian fish processing plant and manufacturer of surimi, crab sticks and minced fish. Karelian Industrial Complex is the only manufacturer of surimi in Russia. Before 2006 the plant was called the Sortavalsky Fish Factory. The biggest fish processing plant in the region. Production volume — 24 000 tons a year. Karelian Industrial Complex has more than 450 employees. The plant is included in the list of socially important enterprises of the Republic of Karelia.

Surimi
Surimi (Japanese: 擂り身 / すり身; 'ground meat') is a paste made from fish or other meat. It can also be any of a number of East Asian foods that use that paste as their primary ingredient. It is available in many shapes, forms, and textures, and is often used to mimic the texture and color of the meat of lobster, crab, grilled Japanese eel, or shellfish.
Wolfiporia curvispora
Wolfiporia curvispora is a species of fungus in the order Polyporales. It is found in Jilin, China, where it grows on the rotting wood of Pinus koraiensis. The fungus was described as new to science in 1998 by mycologist Yu-Cheng Dai. The fruitbodies of the fungus are resupinate, meaning they lie flat on the substrate, and have dimensions of up to 3 metres (10 ft) long by 70 cm (28 in) wide by 1 centimetre (0.4 in) thick. They are creamy white (buff when dry), soft, and light. The hyphal system is dimitic, comprising generative and skeletal hyphae. The specific epithet curvispora refers to the curved spores.

Buff (colour)
Buff (Latin: bubalinus) is a light brownish yellow, ochreous colour, typical of buff leather. Buff is a mixture of yellow ochre and white: two parts of white lead and one part of yellow ochre produces a good buff, or white lead may be tinted with French ochre alone.

As an RYB quaternary colour, it is the colour produced by an equal mix of the tertiary colours citron and russet. The hex RGB color value of the Buff swatch as an RYB quaternary colour is E0AB76.
2019 Mutua Madrid Open
The 2019 Madrid Open (sponsored by Mutua) was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Park Manzanares in Madrid, Spain from 3–12 May 2019. It was the 18th edition of the event on the ATP Tour and 11th on the WTA Tour. It was classified as an ATP Tour Masters 1000 event on the 2019 ATP Tour and a Premier Mandatory event on the 2019 WTA Tour. This event was the final professional tennis tournament for Spanish player David Ferrer, who received a wildcard into the singles draw.

Ion Țiriac, the event owner, announced in April 2019 that he has extended his sponsorship contract of the Mutua Madrid Open for 10 additional years, until 2031. Because he agreed to continue in Madrid, Țiriac will receive more than 30 million euros from the city of Madrid in the coming years.

Reilly Opelka
Reilly Opelka (born August 28, 1997) is an American professional tennis player. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 17, achieved on 28 February 2022 and a best doubles ranking of No. 89, reached on 2 August 2021. He has won five ATP Tour titles combined, four in singles and one in doubles.

At 6 feet 11 inches (2.11 m), Opelka is the joint-tallest player – tied with Croatian Ivo Karlović – on Tour history. This height is an asset, as he can produce serves that measure over 140 miles per hour (225 km/h).
Philip Spratley
Philip Spratley (born 1942) is an English composer and writer on Essex folksong. He has worked as a school music teacher and church organist.

Spratley was born in Newark in Nottinghamshire and grew up in the village of Balderton. He won a scholarship to the Royal Manchester College of Music, where he studied composition with Thomas Pitfield. He went on to work as a teacher, choirmaster and organist, including 19 years as director of music at Bourne Abbey. On retirement, Spratley moved to Deeping St James in Lincolnshire and concentrated on composition, including the revision of many of his earlier works.

Bourne Abbey
Bourne Abbey and the Parish Church of St. Peter and St. Paul is a scheduled Grade I church in Bourne, Lincolnshire, England. The building remains in parochial use, despite the 16th-century Dissolution, as the nave was used by the parish, probably from the time of the foundation of the abbey in 1138.
Aluemeri
Aluemeri (Finnish), Territorialhavet (Swedish) is a southeastern neighborhood of Helsinki, Finland. It essentially only consists of outer coastal water of the Gulf of Finland that doesn't reach to the coast.

Gulf of Finland
The Gulf of Finland (Estonian: Soome laht; Finnish: Suomenlahti; Russian: Фи́нский зали́в, romanized: Finskiy zaliv; Swedish: Finska viken) is the easternmost arm of the Baltic Sea. It extends between Finland to the north and Estonia to the south, to Saint Petersburg—the second largest city of Russia—to the east, where the river Neva drains into it. Other major cities around the gulf include Helsinki and Tallinn. The eastern parts of the gulf belong to Russia, and some of Russia's most important oil harbors are located there, including Primorsk. As the seaway to Saint Petersburg, the gulf is of considerable strategic importance to Russia. Some of the environmental problems affecting the Baltic Sea are at their most pronounced in the shallow gulf. Proposals for an undersea Helsinki–Tallinn Tunnel through the gulf have been made.
Capital City Day (Kazakhstan)
The Day of the Capital City of Kazakhstan or Astana Day (Kazakh: Астана күні, romanized: Astana künı) is an official public holiday in Kazakhstan. It was established in 2009 and is celebrated on July 6 to celebrate the capital city of Kazakhstan, Astana (formerly known as Nur-Sultan). The holiday also coincides with the birthday of ex-President Nursultan Nazarbayev.

Kazakh alphabets
The Kazakh language was written mainly in four scripts at various points of time – Old Turkic, Cyrillic, Latin, and Arabic – each having a distinct alphabet. The Arabic script is used in Iran, Afghanistan, and China, while the Cyrillic script is used in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Mongolia. In October 2017, a presidential decree in Kazakhstan ordered a transition from the Cyrillic to Latin script to be implemented by 2025. In January 2021, the target year for finishing the transition was pushed back to 2031.
SS Pisa (1896)
SS Pisa was a cargo and passenger steamship that was built in Scotland in 1896. She was in German ownership until 1917, when the United States seized her and renamed her Ascutney.

Pisa ran scheduled transatlantic passenger services; first for Rob. M. Sloman; then for Dampfschiffsrhederei "Union"; and finally for Hamburg America Line (HAPAG). From 1897 until 1914 she ran mostly between Hamburg and New York. From 1911 to 1913 she ran between Hamburg and Montreal instead. In 1905 she was briefly a Japanese troopship in the Russo-Japanese War.

The United States Shipping Board (USSB) owned Ascutney from 1917 onward. She was purely a cargo ship. In 1918 she took American Red Cross supplies to northern Russia in the Russian Civil War. From 1920 she was in tramp trade, sailing between ports on the East Coast of the United States, Gulf Coast of the United States, Chile, and Italy. She seems to have been laid up after September 1921. She was scrapped in 1924.

Gulf Coast of the United States
The Gulf Coast of the United States, also known as the Gulf South or the South Coast, is the coastline along the Southern United States where they meet the Gulf of Mexico. The coastal states that have a shoreline on the Gulf of Mexico are Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida, and these are known as the Gulf States.

The economy of the Gulf Coast area is dominated by industries related to energy, petrochemicals, fishing, aerospace, agriculture, and tourism. The large cities of the region are (from west to east) Brownsville, Corpus Christi, Houston, Galveston, Beaumont, Lake Charles, Lafayette, Baton Rouge, New Orleans, Gulfport, Biloxi, Mobile, Pensacola, Panama City, St. Petersburg, and Tampa. All are the centers or major cities of their respective metropolitan areas and many contain large ports.
IBM IntelliStation
The IntelliStation is a family of workstations developed by IBM and first released in March 1997 as the follow-on to the PC Series 360 and 365. Certain IntelliStation M Pro Series were near hardware identical to low end IBM Netfinity 1000 Series network servers (with variants in included video cards and SCSI options). In February 2002, POWER processor-based workstations, previously sold directly under the eServer pSeries brand, were also placed under the IntelliStation umbrella.

The last IntelliStation models were discontinued in January 2009, ending the product line.

IBM Power microprocessors
Power microprocessors (originally POWER prior to Power10) are designed and sold by IBM for servers and supercomputers. The name "POWER" was originally presented as an acronym for "Performance Optimization With Enhanced RISC". The Power line of microprocessors has been used in IBM's RS/6000, AS/400, pSeries, iSeries, System p, System i, and Power Systems lines of servers and supercomputers. They have also been used in data storage devices and workstations by IBM and by other server manufacturers like Bull and Hitachi.

The Power family was originally developed in the late 1980s, and remains under active development. In the beginning, they implemented the POWER instruction set architecture (ISA), which evolved into PowerPC and later into Power ISA. In August 2019, IBM announced it would open source the Power ISA. As part of the move, it was also announced that administration of the OpenPOWER Foundation is handled by the Linux Foundation.
Rohan Suppiah
Rohan Vishnu Suppiah (born 23 March 1981) is a Malaysian cricketer. A right-handed batsman and off spin bowler, he has played for the Malaysia national cricket team since 1997. His younger brother Arul also plays for Malaysia, and currently plays county cricket for Somerset and is a former T20 world record holder.

Off spin
Off spin is a type of spin bowling in cricket. A bowler who uses this technique is called an off spinner. Off spinners bowl with their right-arm and a  finger spin action. Their normal delivery is called an off break, which spins from left to right (from the bowler's perspective) when the ball bounces on the pitch. For a right-handed batter, the ball breaks towards them from the off side, hence the name 'off break'.

Off spinners bowl mostly off breaks, varying them by adjusting the line and length of the deliveries. Off spinners also bowl other types of delivery, which spin differently. Aside from these variations in spin, varying the speed, length and flight of the ball are also important for the off spinner.

The bowler with the most wickets in the history of both Test matches and ODIs, Muttiah Muralitharan, was an off spinner.
Briquette
A briquette (French: [bʁikɛt]; in English also spelled briquet or brickette) is a compressed block of coal dust or other combustible biomass material (e.g. charcoal, sawdust, wood chips, peat, or paper) used for fuel and kindling to start a fire. The term is a diminutive derived from the French word brique, meaning brick.

Paper
Paper is a thin sheet of matted cellulose fibers. Largely derived from lignocellulose, paper is created from a pulp dissolved into a slurry that is drained and dried into sheets. Different types of paper are defined by constituent fiber, paper pulp, sizing, coating, paper size, paper density and grammage.

The papermaking process developed in East Asia at least as early as 105 CE by the Han court eunuch Cai Lun, although archaeological evidence exists of 2nd century BCE paper-like material in China. Before the industrialization of paper production, the most common paper was rag paper, made from discarded natural fiber textiles collected by ragpickers. The 1843 invention of wood pulp, coupled with the Second Industrial Revolution, made pulpwood paper the dominant variety to this day.
Federal Alliance (Nepal)
The Federal Coalition (Nepali: संघीय गठबन्धन) is a coalition of twenty eight major regional based Nepalese political parties that are demanding the identity based autonomy states in Nepal and the equal representation in Nepalese parliament. Nepalese communities mainly Madhesi, Rai people, Limbu, Magar, Tamang, Gurung, Tharu people and many Janjati Adivasi(indigenous peoples) are fighting every day for rights and autonomy but they are historically underrepresented by ruling elites Bahun (Hill Brahmins) and Chhetris till date.

Tharu people
The Tharu people are an ethnic group living in the Terai in southern Nepal and northern India. They speak Tharu languages. They are recognized as an official ethnicity by the Government of Nepal. In the Indian Terai, they live foremost in Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. The Government of India recognizes the Tharu people as a scheduled Indian tribe.