hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Private and public schools in China
Public schools in China are administered by the National Ministry of Education. Whilst the Ministry supervises general guidelines such as staff recruitment, national budgets and formal examinations, specific regulations directly correlated to each public school are managed by their District and Provincial Commissions of Education. The government is responsible for all aspects of the public education system, including but not limited to staff salaries, yearly curriculum, internal assessments and external rankings.

Private schools in China are administered by private individuals or corporations. Unlike public schools which are managed by the government, each private school's independent board of directors is responsible for tasks such as staff and student recruitment, salaries, principal assignment and student fees.

Individual
An individual is one that exists as a distinct entity. Individuality (or self-hood) is the state or quality of living as an individual; particularly (in the case of humans) as a person unique from other people and possessing one's own needs or goals, rights and responsibilities. The concept of an individual features in many    fields, including biology, law, and philosophy. Every individual contributes significantly to the growth of a civilization. Society is a multifaceted concept that is shaped and influenced by a wide range of different things, including human behaviors, attitudes, and ideas. The culture, morals, and beliefs of others as well as the general direction and trajectory of the society can all be influenced and shaped by an individual's activities.
Bardo (2021 film)
Bardo is a 2021 Indian Marathi-language film directed by Bhimrao Mude and produced by Rutuja Gaikwad Bajaj, Sachin Bajaj with Co-producers Rohan Gohkale & Dr. Nishad Chimote under the banners of Ritu Films Cut LLP  and Panchajanya Productions. The screenplay and dialogues of the film were written by actress and Shweta Pendse. Rohan Gokhale was one of the music directors. The film starred Makarand Deshpande, Anjali Patil, Ashok Samarth, .

The film was honored with a National Film Award at the 67th National Film Awards for Best Feature Film in Marathi.

National Film Awards
The National Film Awards are awards for artistic and technical merit given for excellence within the Indian film industry. Established in 1954, it has been administered, along with the International Film Festival of India and the Indian Panorama, by the Indian government's Directorate of Film Festivals from 1973 until 2020, and by the NFDC since 2021.

Every year, a national panel appointed by the government selects the winning entry, and the award ceremony is held in New Delhi, where the President of India presents the awards. This is followed by the inauguration of the National Film Festival, where award-winning films are screened for the public. Declared for films produced in the previous year across the country, they hold the distinction of awarding merit to the best of Indian cinema overall, as well as presenting awards for the best films in each region and language of the country.
Tuas South Incineration Plant
Tuas South Incineration Plant is the largest waste incineration facility in Singapore. It was commissioned in June 2000. The plant can incinerate 3000 tonnes of garbage every day. The incineration reduces the waste volume by 90%. The plant occupies 10.5 ha of reclaimed land. It was constructed at a cost of S$890 million. The plant also generate 80 MW of electricity.

Tuas South Incineration Plant is also the site where ballot papers and ballot boxes used in recent elections in Singapore are incinerated after being stored inside the Supreme Court for six months, under the instruction from Elections Department Singapore, to maintain secrecy of the electorate and election integrity.

Ballot box
A ballot box is a temporarily sealed container, usually a square box though sometimes a tamper resistant bag, with a narrow slot in the top sufficient to accept a ballot paper in an election but which prevents anyone from accessing the votes cast until the close of the voting period. A ballot drop box allows voters who have received a ballot by mail to submit it for counting in a self-service fashion. In the United States, ballot boxes are usually sealed after the end of polling, and transported to vote-counting centers.
Degu
The Degus are a group of octodontid rodents in the Octodontidae family, but historically referred to the common degu (O. degus).

Degus are placed in two genera:

Genus Octodon
O. bridgesi, Bridges's degu, found in Argentina and Chile
O. degus, the common degu, historically referred to as just "degu", found in central Chile
O. lunatus, the moon-toothed degu, a nocturnal animal found in central Chile
O. pacificus, the Mocha Island degu or Pacific degu, a recently discovered species found exclusively on Mocha Island, Chile

Genus Octodontomys
O. gliroides, the mountain degu, found in the foothills of the Andes in Argentina, Bolivia and Chile.

Mocha Island
Mocha Island (Spanish: Isla Mocha [ˈisla ˈmotʃa]) is a Chilean island located west of the coast of Arauco Province in the Pacific Ocean. The island is the location of numerous historic shipwrecks. In Mapuche mythology, the souls of dead people travel west to visit this island. The waters off the island are a popular place for recreational sea fishing.
Christer Ulfbåge
Christer Ulfbåge (born 7 May 1942) is a Swedish sports journalist and commentator and earlier presenter of Sportspegeln and Sportnytt on SVT.

Ulfbåge was born in Falköping, Sweden. He started his career at Radiosporten at Sveriges Radio where between 1974 and 1980 among others he covered the achievements of Ingemar Stenmark. In 1991, he reported from the World Championships final for 100 meters in Tokyo. He then was, for many years, commentator for SVT's sports broadcasts of skiing and athletics.

Sveriges Radio
Sveriges Radio AB (Swedish: [ˈsvæ̌rjɛs ˈrɑ̌ːdɪʊ]; lit. 'Sweden's Radio'; SR), also called Swedish Radio in English, is Sweden's national publicly funded radio broadcaster. Sveriges Radio is a public limited company, owned by an independent foundation, previously funded through a licensing fee, the level of which is decided by the Swedish Riksdag. As of 1 January 2019, the funds stem from standard taxation. No advertising is permitted. Its legal status could be described as that of a quasi-autonomous non-governmental organization.
Art and Soul Oakland
Art + Soul Oakland is an annual summer art and music festival held in downtown Oakland, California, first held in 2001. It is held in and around Frank Ogawa Plaza. Past performers have included Zendaya, Lisa Loeb, Leela James, Vintage Trouble, Con Funk Shun, Tristan Prettyman, Pacific Mambo Orchestra, San Francisco-based Luce, Lyrics Born, Meshell Ndegeocello, Souls of Mischief, and Los Rakas.

Swag It Out Tour
Swag It Out Tour (also known as Zendaya: Live in Concert) is the debut concert tour by American actress and recording artist Zendaya. The tour spanned the course of two years, playing music festivals in state fairs in North America.
Listed buildings in Derby (Abbey Ward)
Abbey is an electoral ward in the city of Derby, England.  The ward contains 15 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  Of these, one is listed at Grade II*, the middle of the three grades, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade.  The ward, which is to the west of the city centre, is mainly residential.  The listed buildings include a public house, a former toll house, private houses later used for other purposes, the lodge to a cemetery and three memorials in the cemetery, a former training college, former barracks, a church and associated structures, and an engine house and a warehouse built by the Great Northern Railway.

Abbey (Derby ward)
Abbey is an electoral ward in the city of Derby, England. It includes the areas of California, Rowditch, and St Lukes, as well as a small part of Normanton. Part of its eastern boundary is formed by Abbey Street, from which the ward takes its name. It is a largely residential area, with a mixture of Victorian terraced housing and 20th century suburban development. The population was 15,334 in 2011.
Takaya: Lone Wolf
Takaya: Lone Wolf is a documentary film which premiered on CBC’s The Nature of Things in October 2019. The film documents the life of Takaya, a wild lone wolf, and the development of his unique relationship with conservation photographer Cheryl Alexander.

After the film's release in Canada, it was subsequently broadcast on BBC in the United Kingdom and on ARTE in France and Germany.

The Nature of Things
The Nature of Things (formerly, The Nature of Things with David Suzuki) is a Canadian television series of documentary programs. It debuted on CBC Television on 6 November 1960. Many of the programs document nature and the effect that humans have on it, although the program's overall scope includes documentaries on any aspect of science. The program "was one of the first mainstream programs to present scientific evidence on a number of environmental issues, including nuclear power and genetic engineering".

The series is named after an epic poem by Roman philosopher Lucretius: "De rerum natura"—On the Nature of Things.
Shorty Walker
W. C. "Shorty" Walker was an American professional baseball player in the Negro leagues. He played with the Monroe Monarchs of the Negro Southern League in 1931 and 1932, primarily as a left fielder and catcher.

Walker was described in the Atlanta Daily World as a "former Campbell College star."

Walker's biography was split between two entries in James A. Riley's 1994 reference work, The Biographical Encyclopedia of the Negro Baseball Leagues, whereas an "H. Walker" is listed as a catcher and left fielder for the 1932 Monarchs and "W. Walker" is documented as an outfielder and catcher. The Society for American Baseball Research, Seamheads.com, Baseball Reference and MLB.com have subsequently combined the statistics of the Walkers into one player, W.C. Walker.

Negro Southern League (1920–1936)
The Negro Southern League (NSL) was one of the several Negro baseball leagues created during the time organized baseball was segregated.  The NSL was organized as a minor league in 1920 and lasted until 1936.  It is considered a major league for the 1932 season and it was the only organized league to finish its full schedule that season (primarily due to the Great Depression).  Prior to the season, several established teams joined the NSL, mainly from the collapsed Negro National League.
Don Harris (journalist)
Don Harris (September 8, 1936 – November 18, 1978) was an NBC News correspondent who was killed after departing Jonestown, an agricultural commune owned by the Peoples Temple in Guyana. On November 18, 1978, he and four others (including Leo Ryan) were killed by gunfire by Temple members at a nearby airstrip in Port Kaituma, Guyana. Their murders preceded the death of 909 Temple members in Jonestown and four Temple members in Georgetown, Guyana.

Raven (Reiterman book)
Raven: The Untold Story of the Rev. Jim Jones and His People details the life and ultimate demise of Jim Jones and the Peoples Temple. Written by journalist Tim Reiterman, the book reviews the history of the Peoples Temple. The book includes numerous interviews, audio tapes and documents among its hundreds of sources.
Rossdale, Edmonton
Rossdale is a river valley neighbourhood in the city of Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, located immediately south of the downtown core.  It is a popular residential neighbourhood with easy access to downtown, the University of Alberta, the Edmonton river valley park system, and other amenities.

A short distance to the west of the neighbourhood, along River Valley Road, are the Royal Glenora Club, the Golf Course, and the Skating Oval in Victoria Park.

The community is represented by the Rossdale Community League, established in 1922, which maintains a community hall located at 101 Street and 96 Avenue.

Community centre
A community centre, community center, or community hall is a public location where members of a community gather for group activities, social support, public information, and other purposes. They may be open for the whole community or for a specialized subgroup within the greater community. Community centres can be religious in nature, such as Christian churches, Islamic mosques, Jewish synagogues, Hindu temples, or Buddhist temples; though they can also be secular and in some cases government-run, such as youth clubs or Leisure centres.
Norman L. James
Norman Leslie James (November 29, 1840 – November 25, 1918) was an American farmer, merchant, and Republican politician.  He was a member of the Wisconsin State Senate (1885, 1887) and State Assembly (1873, 1875), representing Richland County.  His brother David G. James also served in the Wisconsin Senate, representing the same district.

38th Wisconsin Legislature
The Thirty-Eighth Wisconsin Legislature convened from January 12, 1887, to April 15, 1887, in regular session.

Senators representing odd-numbered districts were newly elected for this session and were serving the first two years of a four-year term. Assembly members were elected to a two-year term. Assembly members and odd-numbered senators were elected in the general election of November 2, 1886. Senators representing even-numbered districts were serving the third and fourth year of a four-year term, having been elected in the general election of November 4, 1884.

The governor of Wisconsin during this entire term was Republican Jeremiah M. Rusk, of Vernon County, serving his third two-year term, having won re-election in the 1886 Wisconsin gubernatorial election.
2020 Omloop Het Nieuwsblad (women's race)
The 15th running of the Omloop Het Nieuwsblad women's race in Belgium was held on 29 February 2020. Widely regarded as the start of the Classics season, it is a 1.1 event of the women's international calendar. The race started in Ghent and  finished in Ninove. The total distance was 126.5 km (78.6 mi), covering ten classified climbs in the Flemish Ardennes.

Ninove
Ninove (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈninoːvə] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in the Flemish province of East Flanders in Belgium. It is on the river Dender, and is part of the Denderstreek. The municipality comprises the city of Ninove proper and since the 1976 merger of the towns of Appelterre-Eichem, Aspelare, Denderwindeke, Lieferinge, Meerbeke, Nederhasselt, Neigem, Okegem, Outer, Pollare and Voorde. On 1 January 2023 Ninove had a total population of 40.090. The total area is 72.57 km2 which gives a population density of 553 inhabitants per km2.
Ian Campbell, 12th Duke of Argyll
Ian Campbell, 12th and 5th Duke of Argyll, KStJ, DL, FRSA (28 August 1937 – 21 April 2001), styled Marquess of Lorne between 1949 and 1973, was a Scottish peer and Chief of Clan Campbell. He was the 12th Duke of Argyll in the Peerage of Scotland, 5th Duke of Argyll in the Peerage of the United Kingdom and Lord Lieutenant of Argyll and Bute.

Lord-lieutenant
A lord-lieutenant (UK: /lɛfˈtɛnənt/ lef-TEN-ənt) is the British monarch's personal representative in each lieutenancy area of the United Kingdom. Historically, each lieutenant was responsible for organising the county's militia. In 1871, the lieutenant's responsibility over the local militia was removed. However, it was not until 1921 that they formally lost the right to call upon able-bodied men to fight when needed.

Lord-lieutenant is now an honorary titular position usually awarded to a notable person in the county, and despite the title of the office, may be either male or female, peer or not.
The Village Schoolmaster
"The Village Schoolmaster" or "The Giant Mole" ("Der Dorfschullehrer" or "Der Riesenmaulwurf") is an unfinished short story by Franz Kafka. The story, written in December 1914 and the beginning of 1915, was not published in Kafka's lifetime. It first appeared in Beim Bau der Chinesischen Mauer (Berlin, 1931). The first English translation by Willa and Edwin Muir was published by Martin Secker in London in 1933. It appeared in The Great Wall of China. Stories and Reflections (New York: Schocken Books, 1946). "The Village Schoolmaster" was also translated by Malcolm Pasley and published by Martin Secker & Warburg in 1973 and by Penguin Books in 1991.

Edwin Muir
Edwin Muir CBE (15 May 1887 – 3 January 1959) was a Scottish poet, novelist and translator. Born on a farm in Deerness, a parish of Orkney, Scotland, he is remembered for his deeply felt and vivid poetry written in plain language and with few stylistic preoccupations.
Cataby Important Bird Area
Cataby Important Bird Area is a 314 ha tract of land lying about 2 km south of the town of Cataby, adjacent to the Brand Highway, in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia.  It has been classified by BirdLife International as an Important Bird Area (IBA) because it supports up to 24 breeding pairs of short-billed black cockatoo, an endangered species that nests in remnant patches of eucalypt woodland and isolated paddock trees, and feeds in native shrublands.  The area also supports the restricted-range western corella and a globally significant population of the regent parrot.

Regent parrot
The regent parrot  or rock pebbler (Polytelis anthopeplus)  is a bird found in southern Australia. It has predominantly yellow plumage with a green tail. The bird is found primarily in eucalyptus groves and other wooded areas of subtropical southwestern Australia, as well as in a smaller area of subtropical and temperate southeastern Australia. Seeds make up the bulk of its diet.
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 58
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 58 (P. Oxy. 58) is a letter concerning the appointment of treasury officials, written in Greek. The manuscript was written on papyrus in the form of a sheet. It was discovered by Grenfell and Hunt in 1897 in Oxyrhynchus. The document was written on 13 September 288. It is housed in the British Library (752). The text was published by Grenfell and Hunt in 1898.

The letter was addressed to the strategi of the Heptanomis and the Arsinoite nomes. It was written by Servaeus Africanus, probably the epistrategus of the division containing the nomes. Servaeus complains that the number of officials is too costly. He orders that in the future, each estate will be administered by one official, assisted by at most three subordinates.  The measurements of the fragment are 220 by 125 mm.

Papyrus
Papyrus (/pəˈpaɪrəs/ pə-PY-rəs) is a material similar to thick paper that was used in ancient times as a writing material. It was made from the pith of the papyrus plant, Cyperus papyrus, a wetland sedge. Papyrus (plural: papyri or papyruses) can also refer to a document written on sheets of such material, joined side by side and rolled up into a scroll, an early form of a book.

Papyrus was first known to have been used in Egypt (at least as far back as the First Dynasty), as the papyrus plant was once abundant across the Nile Delta. It was also used throughout the Mediterranean region. Apart from writing material, ancient Egyptians employed papyrus in the construction of other artifacts, such as reed boats, mats, rope, sandals, and baskets.
1991 Columbus, Ohio mayoral election
The Columbus mayoral election of 1991 was the 79th mayoral election in Columbus, Ohio.  It was held on Tuesday, November 5, 1991. Republican party incumbent mayor Buck Rinehart retired from office after serving two consecutive terms. Republican party nominee Greg Lashutka defeated Democratic party nominee Ben Espy.

Greg Lashutka
Gregory S. Lashutka (born March 28, 1944) is an American lawyer who served as the 51st mayor of Columbus, Ohio, from 1992 to 2000. He is an Eagle Scout and had earlier been an American football player.
Henning Jarnskor
Henning Jarnskor (born 15 November 1972) is a Faroese retired footballer who played as a midfielder. He spent his career in GÍ Gøta and was capped 35 times, scoring twice for the Faroe Islands.

Henning Jarnskor was a part of a large football family. Contrary to John, Dánjal, Pauli and Magni, Henning was not a part of GÍ's league victory in 1986, but Pauli, Magni and Henning won league titles with GÍ in 1993, 1994, 1995 and 1996 as well as cup titles in 1996, 1997 and 2000.

Wrote Sosialurin in 1998; "Henning Jarnskor in GÍ is a well-known name in Faroese football, and now he has written his name in the history of Faroese football in a special way. He has signed a contract with his club [...] special in that it is the first contract according to the rules that were approved at the FSF general meeting earlier this year".

Sosialurin
Sosialurin is a Faroese newspaper located in Tórshavn. It is written in the Faroese language. The newspaper, in partnership with Føroya Tele, the Faroese public telecommunications company, operates the website in.fo
Chowaniec
Chowaniec is a Polish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Adam Chowaniec (1950–2015), Canadian engineer, entrepreneur, and educator

Andrzej Chowaniec (born 1958), Polish ice hockey player

Stefan Chowaniec (born 1953), Polish ice hockey player

Stefan Chowaniec
Stefan Wojciech Chowaniec (born April 23, 1953) is a former Polish ice hockey player. He played for the Poland men's national ice hockey team at the 1972 Winter Olympics in Sapporo, the 1976 Winter Olympics in Innsbruck, and the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid.
Arunachal Congress (Mithi)
Arunachal Congress (Mithi), was a break-away group of Arunachal Congress. AC(M) was formed in 1998 when Mukut Mithi led a revolt against the AC leader Gegong Apang. AC(M) gathered 40 (out of 60) Members of the Legislative Assembly of Arunachal Pradesh and one of the AC members of the Lok Sabha, Wangcha Rajkumar. AC(M) formed a new state government, with Mithi as Chief Minister. In 1999 AC(M) merged with Indian National Congress. It remained in power until 2003.

Wangcha Rajkumar
Wangcha Rajkumar (29 December 1966 - 23 December 2007) was an Indian politician and former Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha representing Arunachal Pradesh East from 1996 to 2004. He was assassinated by unidentified assailants on 23 December 2007.
Chuya Belki
Chuya Belki (Russian: Чуйские белки, Chuyskye byelki) is a mountainous region in the Altai, Altai Republic, Russia. There are a number of glaciers on the northern part of the slopes of the main ridges. The Chuya Belki are named after the Chuya River and after their "Belki" type of ridges.

Chuya, Altai (river)
The Chuya (Russian: Чуя; Altay: Чуй, Çuy) is a river in the Altai Republic in Russia, a right tributary of the Katun (Ob's basin). The Chuya is 320 kilometres (200 mi) long, and its drainage basin covers 11,200 square kilometres (4,300 mi2). The river freezes in October or early November and thaws in late April. The town Kosh-Agach lies on the Chuya. The Chuya Highway (R256) runs through its valley. One of its tributaries is the Chibitka.
Myra Wilson
Myra S. Wilson is a British computer scientist.  She is a senior lecturer in computer science at Aberystwyth University, Wales. Her research interests are in the broad area of robotics, and she also teaches in the field.

Aberystwyth University
Aberystwyth University (Welsh: Prifysgol Aberystwyth) is a public research university in Aberystwyth, Wales. Aberystwyth was a founding member institution of the former federal University of Wales. The university has over 8,000 students studying across three academic faculties and 17 departments.

Founded in 1872 as University College Wales, Aberystwyth, it became a founder member of the University of Wales in 1894, and changed its name to the University College of Wales, Aberystwyth. In the mid-1990s, the university again changed its name to become the University of Wales, Aberystwyth. On 1 September 2007, the University of Wales ceased to be a federal university and Aberystwyth University became independent again. The annual income of the institution for 2024–2025 was £124.8 million of which £19.2 million was from research grants and contracts, with an expenditure of £130.3 million.