hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
8.2-kiloyear event
In climatology, the 8.2 kiloyear event was a rapid drop in global temperatures that occurred around 8,200 years ago, lasting between two and four centuries. This event marks the beginning of the Northgrippian Age within the Holocene epoch. While this cooling phase was not as intense as the earlier Younger Dryas period that occurred just before the Holocene began, it was still significant. During the 8.2-kiloyear event, atmospheric methane levels dropped by 80 parts per billion, a 15% reduction, suggesting a broad cooling and drying trend across the Northern Hemisphere.

Parts-per notation
In science and engineering, the parts-per notation is a set of pseudo-units to describe the small values of miscellaneous dimensionless quantities, e.g. mole fraction or mass fraction.

Since these fractions are quantity-per-quantity measures, they are pure numbers with no associated units of measurement. Commonly used are

parts-per-million – ppm, 10−6

parts-per-billion – ppb, 10−9

parts-per-trillion – ppt, 10−12

parts-per-quadrillion – ppq, 10−15

This notation is not part of the International System of Units (the SI system) and its meaning is ambiguous. In chemistry, ambiguity arises because parts-per notation is able to be used to refer to a mole fraction and a mass fraction, which are unequal depending on the molar mass of the substance.
Neuroscience of music
The neuroscience of music is the scientific study of brain-based mechanisms involved in the cognitive processes underlying music. These behaviours include music listening, performing, composing, reading, writing, and other related activities. It also is increasingly concerned with the brain basis for musical aesthetics and musical emotion. Scientists working in this field may have training in cognitive neuroscience, neurology, neuroanatomy, psychology, music theory, computer science, and other relevant fields.

The cognitive neuroscience of music represents a significant branch of music psychology, and is distinguished from related fields such as cognitive musicology in its reliance on direct observations of the brain and use of brain imaging techniques like functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and positron emission tomography (PET).

Supplementary motor area
The supplementary motor area (SMA) is a part of the motor cortex of primates that contributes to the control of movement. It is located on the midline surface of the hemisphere just in front of (anterior to) the primary motor cortex leg representation. In monkeys, the SMA contains a rough map of the body. In humans, the body map is not apparent. Neurons in the SMA project directly to the spinal cord and may play a role in the direct control of movement. Possible functions attributed to the SMA include the postural stabilization of the body, the coordination of both sides of the body such as during bimanual action, the control of movements that are internally generated rather than triggered by sensory events, and the control of sequences of movements. All of these proposed functions remain hypotheses. The precise role or roles of the SMA is not yet known.

For the discovery of the SMA and its relationship to other motor cortical areas, see the main article on the motor cortex.
Sretensky, Russia
Sretensky (Russian: Сретенский; masculine), Sretenskaya (Сретенская; feminine), or Sretenskoye (Сретенское; neuter) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Sretenskoye, Kirov Oblast, a selo in Akhmanovsky Rural Okrug of Pizhansky District of Kirov Oblast

Sretenskoye, Perm Krai, a selo in Ilyinsky District of Perm Krai

Kirov Oblast
Kirov Oblast (Russian: Кировская область, romanized: Kirovskaya oblast', IPA: [ˈkʲirəfskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast) located in Eastern Europe. Its administrative center is the city of Kirov. As of the 2010 census, the population is 1,341,312.
Graham Dill
Graham John Dill (born 14 September 1970) is an English former first-class cricketer.

Dill was born at Luton in September 1970. He was educated at St Albans School, before going up to University College, Swansea. At the age of thirty he attended a postgraduate teacher training course at Homerton College, Cambridge. While studying at Cambridge, Dill played first-class cricket in 2001, making three appearances for Cambridge UCCE and one appearance for Cambridge University against Oxford University in The University Match. His four matches yielded him 27 runs and 5 wickets. Dill gained a blue in both cricket and golf and was the first person to gain a double-blue in both cricket and golf since Ted Dexter forty years previously. In 2002, he played minor counties cricket for Hertfordshire.

St Albans School, Hertfordshire
St Albans School is a public school (traditional English fee-charging day and former boarding school) in the city of St Albans in Hertfordshire. Entry before Sixth Form is for boys only, but the Sixth Form has been co-educational since 1991. From 2026, St Albans School plans to be going fully co-educational. Founded in 948 by Wulsin (Abbot Ulsinus), St Albans School is not only the oldest school in Hertfordshire but also one of the oldest in the world. The school has been called "Britain's oldest public school" by the Daily Mail. Nicholas Carlisle, in 1818, described the school as "of very ancient origin, and of great celebrity" and the Good Schools Guide describes St Albans as a "traditional public school, with a rich history".

Among its famous alumni are Pope Adrian IV, Colin Renfrew, Jack Goody, Stephen Hawking, and Ian Grant.

The current headmaster, Joe Silvester, was appointed in 2024, and was previously headmaster of Wetherby Senior School.
Beiarn Church
Beiarn Church (Norwegian: Beiarn kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Beiarn Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is located in the village of Moldjord. It is one of the churches for the Beiarn parish which is part of the Salten prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Sør-Hålogaland. The white, wooden church was built in a long church style in 1873 using plans drawn up by the architect L. W. Nissen. The church seats about 310 people.

Diocese of Sør-Hålogaland
Sør-Hålogaland is a diocese in the Church of Norway. The Diocese covers the Lutheran Church of Norway churches located within Nordland county in Norway. The diocese is headquartered in the town of Bodø at Bodø Cathedral, the seat of bishop Svein Valle (since november 2023).  The diocese is divided into eight deaneries (prosti).
Pierpont prime
In number theory, a Pierpont prime is a prime number of the form

for some nonnegative integers u and v.  That is, they are the prime numbers p for which p − 1 is 3-smooth. They are named after the mathematician James Pierpont, who used them to characterize the regular polygons that can be constructed using conic sections. The same characterization applies to polygons that can be constructed using ruler, compass, and angle trisector, or using paper folding.

Except for 2 and the Fermat primes, every Pierpont prime must be 1 modulo 6. The first few Pierpont primes are:

It has been conjectured that there are infinitely many Pierpont primes, but this remains unproven.

Smooth number
In number theory, an n-smooth (or n-friable) number is an integer whose prime factors are all less than or equal to n. For example, a 7-smooth number is a number in which every prime factor is at most 7. Therefore, 49 = 72 and 15750 = 2 × 32 × 53 × 7 are both 7-smooth, while 11 and 702 = 2 × 33 × 13 are not 7-smooth. The term seems to have been coined by Leonard Adleman. Smooth numbers are especially important in cryptography, which relies on factorization of integers. 2-smooth numbers are simply the powers of 2, while 5-smooth numbers are also known as regular numbers.
Maganda
Maganda is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alejandro Gómez Maganda (1910–1984), Mexican politician

Julius Wandera Maganda (born 1971), Ugandan politician

Miguel Maganda (born 1980), Mexican film director

Miguel A. Reina
Miguel Alejandro Reina Gómez Maganda (Spanish pronunciation: [miˈɣel aleˈxandɾo ˈɣomes]; born 11 August 1980) is a Mexican filmmaker, screenwriter and film producer. Some of his works include Un aliado en el tiempo, Mi vida en frenesí, Trazos mágicos de Oaxaca and El hombre que detuvo el tiempo.
Sonchat Ratiwatana
Sonchat Ratiwatana (Thai: สนฉัตร รติวัฒน์, pronounced [sǒn.t͡ɕʰàt rá(ʔ).tī.wát]), nicknamed Ton (ต้น, [tôn]; born January 23, 1982, in Bangkok) is a professional tennis player from Thailand. In 2007, Sonchat and his twin brother Sanchai Ratiwatana won their first ATP doubles title in Bangkok in their home country. In the final, the team beat 2007 Wimbledon men's doubles winner Michaël Llodra and 2007 U.S. Open men's doubles semifinalist Nicolas Mahut. He reached his highest doubles ranking at world number 39 as of 28 April 2008. He plays right-handed and turned professional in 2004. He and his twin brother played in their first grand slam tournament during the Australian Open in 2008,  where they lost to the eventual finalist pairing of Arnaud Clément & Michaël Llodra of France in the first round.

2007 US Open (tennis)
The 2007 US Open was held from August 27 to September 9, 2007, at USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center at Flushing Meadows, New York City.

Roger Federer successfully defended his title, becoming the first man in the open era to win four consecutive US Open titles. Maria Sharapova was unsuccessful in defending her 2006 title, being upset in the third round by 18-year-old Agnieszka Radwańska of Poland. Justine Henin, the runner-up to Sharapova in 2006, won her second US Open title, this year without losing a set. It was the second Grand Slam she won in the year without losing a set, having also won the 2007 French Open earlier in the year. It was also her last Grand Slam title.
Adeem Younis
Adeem Younis (born 17 October 1980) is an English-Pakistani entrepreneur, philanthropist, and humanitarian. He is best known as founder of digital matrimony platform SingleMuslim.com and international humanitarian charity Penny Appeal.

He is a founding board member of Penny Appeal USA and also helped set up Penny Appeal South Africa, Penny Appeal Canada and Penny Appeal Australia. He is a Founding Circle Member of the British Asian Trust and was listed as one of Yorkshire's leading entrepreneurs by Insider Media in their "42 under 42" list of 2019.

Insider Inc.
Insider Inc. (formerly Business Insider Inc.) is an American online media company known for publishing Business Insider and other media websites. It is a subsidiary of the German publisher Axel Springer SE, the largest in Europe.
R-29RMU Sineva
The R-29RMU2 Sineva (Russian: Синева, lit. "blueness"), code RSM-54, is a Russian liquid-fueled submarine-launched ballistic missile with GRAU index 3M27, designation SS-N-23A Skiff. It can carry four warheads and is designed to be launched from Delta IV-class submarines, which are armed with 16 missiles each. As of 2017, there are 96 launchers deployed on the submarines.

The first full-range test was reportedly conducted on October 11, 2008; the reported range was 11,547 kilometres (7,175 mi). The R-29RMU2 entered service in 2007 and is expected to remain in service until at least 2030.

Current plans call for the construction of approximately 100 such missiles.

The Sineva missile has reportedly been modified into R-29RMU2 Layner missile as of 2012.

Liquid-propellant rocket
Liquid rocket fuel.

Oxidizer.

Pumps carry the fuel and oxidizer.

The combustion chamber mixes and burns the two liquids.

Combustion product gasses enter the nozzle through a throat.

Exhaust exits the rocket.

A liquid-propellant rocket or liquid rocket uses a rocket engine burning liquid propellants. (Alternate approaches use gaseous or solid propellants.) Liquids are desirable propellants because they have reasonably high density and their combustion products have high specific impulse (Isp). This allows the volume of the propellant tanks to be relatively low.
Flight Distance (hip-hop group)
Flight Distance was an underground hip hop group from Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. The group consisted of MC Patience, DJ Calkuta, and MC/producer Bender, who was a former King of the Dot champion. Flight Distance released three albums throughout their career: Run for Your Lives! in 2005, Bad Information in 2011, and High Priests of Low-Life in 2014. As of December 2014, they had begun work on their fourth album, titled Harmony Chlorine, and continued working on it at the time of Bender's unexpected death on March 1, 2018.

King of the Dot
King of The Dot Entertainment, also known as KOTD, is a Canadian rap battle league founded in Toronto, Ontario, Canada in 2008. The company's HQ is based in Toronto, from which it gets its name. Successful battlers such as Pat Stay, Dizaster, Head Ice, Rone, Arsonal, Charron,  Math Hoffa, Madchild, and many more have battled in King of the Dot.
Răducanu
Răducanu is a Romanian surname and occasional given name:

Claudiu Răducanu (born 1976), Romanian football player

Cristian Raducanu (born 1967), Romanian and English rugby union player

Dumitru Răducanu (born 1967),  Romanian cox

Emanoil Răducanu (1929–1991), Romanian basketball player

Emma Raducanu (born 2002), British tennis player

Johnny Răducanu (1931–2011), Romanian jazz pianist of Romani descent

Marcel Răducanu (born 1954), Romanian football player

Maria Răducanu (born 1967), Romanian jazz songwriter and singer

Răducanu Necula (born 1946), Romanian football player

Emma Raducanu
Emma Raducanu (born 13 November 2002) is a British professional tennis player. She has reached a career-high singles ranking of world No. 10 by the WTA. Raducanu was the 2021 US Open champion, and she was the first British woman to win a major in singles since Virginia Wade at the 1977 Wimbledon Championships. She is currently the British No. 1 in women's singles.

With a wildcard entry at 2021 Wimbledon, ranked outside the world's top 300, she reached the fourth round at her first major tournament. At the 2021 US Open, she became the first qualifier in the Open era to win a singles major title, beating Leylah Fernandez in the final without dropping a set during the tournament. It was the second Grand Slam tournament of her career, and she holds the Open-era record for the fewest majors played before winning a title.
W. D. Grant Building
The W. D. Grant Building (also formerly known as the Prudential Building) is a historic building in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. Located in the Fairlie-Poplar district in downtown Atlanta, the building was built in 1898 and is among the oldest steel structure buildings in the Southeastern United States. The property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.

Downtown Atlanta
Downtown Atlanta is the central business district of Atlanta, Georgia, United States. The largest of the city's three commercial districts (Midtown and Buckhead being the others), it is the location of many corporate and regional headquarters; city, county, state, and federal government facilities; Georgia State University; sporting venues; and most of Atlanta's tourist attractions. It measures approximately four square miles, and had 26,850 residents as of 2017. Similar to other central business districts in the United States, it has recently undergone a transformation that includes the construction of new condos and lofts, renovation of historic buildings, and arrival of new residents and businesses.
Hoshiar Singh (Brigadier)
Brigadier Hoshiar Singh Rathi (1916-1962) OBE, Croix de Guerre,IOM, VSM, from Sankhol village near Bahadurgarh in Jhajjar district of Haryana, was the commander of the  62nd Indian Infantry Brigade stationed at Sela Pass. Brigadier Singh was killed in action, along with a few Indian troops during the 1962 Sino-Indian War and commended for his bravery.

Brigadier Hoshiar Singh Rathi (1916-1962) is not to be confused with the Colonel Hoshiar Singh Dahiya (1937-1998) of The Grenadiers of Indian Army, from Sisana village of Sonipat district of Haryana, who received the Param Vir Chakra (PVC) for displaying "most conspicuous gallantry" in the Battle of Basantar during the 1971 Indo-Pakistani war and he died of natural causes on 6 December 1998.

62nd Indian Infantry Brigade
The 62nd Indian Infantry Brigade was an Infantry formation of the Indian Army during World War II. It was formed in November 1943, and assigned to the 19th Indian Infantry Division The brigade fought in the Burma Campaign and remained with the 19th Division until the end of the war.
Vercelli Book
The Vercelli Book is one of the oldest of the four Old English Poetic Codices (the others being the Junius manuscript in the Bodleian Library, the Exeter Book in Exeter Cathedral Library, and the Nowell Codex in the British Library). It is an anthology of Old English prose and verse that dates back to the late 10th century. The manuscript is housed in the Capitulary Library of  Vercelli, in northern Italy.

Exeter Cathedral
Exeter Cathedral, properly known as the Cathedral Church of Saint Peter in Exeter, is an Anglican cathedral, and the seat of the Bishop of Exeter, in the city of Exeter, Devon, in South West England. The present building was complete by about 1400 and has several notable features, including an early set of misericords, an astronomical clock and the longest uninterrupted medieval stone vaulted ceiling in the world.
Roberto Giolito
Roberto Giolito (Ancona, 10 November 1962) is an Italian automobile designer. Acting as Chief Designer at Fiat, Giolito is widely known for the Fiat Multipla (1998, exhibited at MoMA, New York), and the 2004 Fiat Trepiùno concept — precursor to the Fiat 500 of 2007, voted Car of the Year in 2008 and World Car Design of the Year 2009.

Designer
A designer is a person who plans the form or structure of something before it is made, by preparing drawings or plans. In practice, anyone who creates tangible or intangible objects, products, processes, laws, games, graphics, services, or experiences can be called a designer.
Bert Weckhuysen
Bert Marc Weckhuysen FRSC (born 27 July 1968) is a professor of inorganic chemistry and catalysis at Utrecht University, originally from Belgian descent. Weckhuysen is best known for his developments in operando (micro)spectroscopy; imaging catalysis at macro, meso and micro scales, from the reactor down to interactions between single atoms and molecules. He was a winner of the 2013 Spinoza Prize, and was knighted in the Order of the Netherlands Lion in 2015.

Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences
The Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (Dutch: Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, abbr. KNAW) is an organization dedicated to the advancement of science and literature in the Netherlands. The academy is housed in the Trippenhuis in Amsterdam.

In addition to various advisory and administrative functions it operates a number of research institutes and awards many prizes, including the Lorentz Medal in theoretical physics, the Dr Hendrik Muller Prize for Behavioural and Social Science and the Heineken Prizes.
Merrimac coup
The Merrimac coup (also known as Hobson's coup or Hobson's choice) is a contract bridge coup where a player (usually a defender) sacrifices a high card in order to eliminate a vital entry from an opponent's hand (usually a dummy). It was named after American steam ship Merrimac, which was sunk during the Spanish–American War in 1898 in Santiago de Cuba in an attempt to bottle up the Spanish fleet.

Santiago de Cuba
Santiago de Cuba (Spanish pronunciation: [sanˈtjaɣo ðe ˈkuβa]) is the second-largest city in Cuba and the capital city of Santiago de Cuba Province. It lies in the southeastern area of the island, some 870 km (540 mi) southeast of the Cuban capital of Havana.

The municipality extends over 1,023.8 km2 (395.3 sq mi), and contains the communities of Antonio Maceo, Bravo, Castillo Duany, Daiquirí, El Caney, El Cobre, El Cristo, Guilera, Leyte Vidal, Moncada and Siboney.

Historically Santiago de Cuba has been the second-most important city on the island after Havana, and remains the second-largest. It lies on a bay connected to the Caribbean Sea and is an important sea port. In 2022, the city of Santiago de Cuba recorded a population of 507,167 people.
Flint railway station
Flint railway station (Welsh: Y Fflint) serves the town of Flint in Flintshire, North Wales. It is located on the North Wales Coast Line and is managed by Transport for Wales, which provides most of the passenger trains that call here; some Avanti West Coast services also serve the station. In July 2008, it was voted UK Station of the Year.

North Wales Main Line
The North Wales Main Line (Welsh: Prif Linell Gogledd Cymru or Prif Linell y Gogledd; lit. 'north main line'), also known as the North Wales Coast Line (Welsh: Llinell Arfordir Gogledd Cymru), is a major railway line in the north of Wales and Cheshire, England, running from Crewe on the West Coast Main Line to Holyhead on the Isle of Anglesey. The line has 19 stations, with all except two, Chester and Crewe, being in Wales.

The line is not currently electrified, so Avanti West Coast, the current operator of the West Coast Partnership franchise, currently uses Class 805 Evero units. Class 221 Super Voyagers were previously used from December 2007 to December 2024. Plans to electrify the line were announced in October 2023.

The line contains several notable engineering structures, including Conwy railway bridge across the River Conwy, and Britannia Bridge across the Menai Strait.
Moonlight Shadows
Moonlight Shadows is the seventeenth album by British instrumental group The Shadows, released in 1986 through Polydor Records. The album reached number 6 in a 16-week run on the UK Album Charts.

This album consists entirely of cover songs by The Police, Lionel Richie, Jennifer Rush, The Beatles, Phil Collins, Elaine Paige, Bruce Springsteen, Procol Harum, Mike Oldfield, The Commodores, Rod Stewart, Stevie Wonder, Elaine Paige & Barbara Dickson, The Moody Blues, John Lennon & Dire Straits. Several tracks were lifted from previously released albums.

The only single released from the album was "Moonlight Shadow", which did not chart.

The album was recorded and mixed by Dick Plant at Honeyhill and Nivram Studios, Hertfordshire.

Barbara Dickson
Barbara Ruth Dickson OBE (born 27 September 1947) is a Scottish singer and actress whose hits include "I Know Him So Well" (a chart-topping duet with Elaine Paige), "Answer Me" and "January February". Dickson has placed fifteen albums on the UK Albums Chart from 1977 to date, and had a number of hit singles, including four which reached the top 20 on the UK Singles Chart. The Scotsman newspaper has described her as Scotland's best-selling female singer in terms of the numbers of hit chart singles and albums she has achieved in the UK since 1976.

She is also a two-time Olivier Award-winning actress, with roles including Viv Nicholson in the musical Spend Spend Spend, and was the original Mrs. Johnstone in Willy Russell's long-running musical Blood Brothers. On television she starred as Anita Braithwaite in Band of Gold.