hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ravindra and Smita Kolhe
Ravindra Kolhe and Smita Kolhe are Indian social activists and doctors. They work for the tribal people in remote village areas of Bairagarh in Melghat region of Amravati district in Maharashtra. Ravindra Kolhe completed his MBBS in 1985 and MD in 1987 from Government Medical College, Nagpur. He has been actively working in Bairagarh area since 1985. He married Smita, also a doctor specializing in Ayurveda and Homeopathy, and together continued their work. They charged a nominal fee of ₹1 (1.1¢ US) for treatment and also run a Government ration shop. Apart from medicinal help, the couple also makes general awareness campaigns for the tribals. The works of Kolhe couple has resulted in reduction of infant mortality rate from 200 per 1000 to 40 and pre-school mortality rate from 400 per 1000 to 100. In 2019, the couple received Padma Shri, India's fourth highest civilian award.

Amravati district
Amravati district (Marathi pronunciation: [əmɾaːʋət̪iː]) is a district of Maharashtra state in central India. It is the administrative headquarter of Amravati division, which is one of the two divisions in Vidarbha (other being Nagpur), out of total 6 regions in state of Maharashtra.

The district is situated between 20°32' and 21°46' north latitudes and 76°37' and 78°27' east longitudes. The district occupies an area of 12,235 km2. The district has boundaries with Betul District of Madhya Pradesh state to the north, and with the Maharashtra districts of Nagpur to the northeast, Chhindwara district of Madhya Pradesh to the northeast Wardha to the east, Yavatmal to the south, Washim to the southwest, and Akola and Buldhana districts to the west.
Caroline Zoe Schumm
Caroline Zoe Schumm (Zoe) (born May 27, 1988) is a Supply Chain Professor, fashion designer, and entrepreneur. Her maiden name is Caroline Zoe Waggoner.

Zoe grew up in Hutchinson, Kansas. She attended Kansas State University from 2006 to 2011 with a dual major in Apparel & Textile design and Apparel Marketing and a minor in business. While at Kansas State, Zoe was awarded Outstanding Senior in her field, won a national design competition, and also won various regional design competitions. In college, Zoe studied the effects that mainstream fashion manufacturing had in countries where it was produced, including the prevalence of child labor, very low wages, inhumane working conditions, and environmental pollution. She continued pursuing those studied, obtaining a masters degree and Ph.D. from Iowa State University. In 2024, one of her seminal works, Closed loop supply chains in apparel: Current state and future directions, was named the top SDG article by FT50.com.

Hutchinson, Kansas
Hutchinson is the largest city in and the county seat of Reno County, Kansas, United States, and located along the Arkansas River. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 40,006.  It has been home to salt mines since 1887, thus its nickname of "Salt City".  Each year, Hutchinson hosts the Kansas State Fair, and National Junior College Athletic Association (NJCAA) Men's Basketball Tournament. It is the home of the Hutchinson Community College, the Cosmosphere aerospace museum, and Strataca underground salt museum.
Kampung Nong Chik
Kampong Nong Chik or "Nong Chik Village" is a Malay neighbourhood located in the city of Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.

Despite the name, the neighbourhood has not been a traditional village since the years before Malaysia gained independence in 1958, when government quarters were built. More recently these quarters have been demolished to make way for redevelopment.
Situated just at the edge of Johor Baru city center, the old neighbourhood had the feel of a rural kampong with low density single-storey houses, mature trees, a prominent mosque, community center and kindergarten. However, the houses had become dilapidated. When the state government decided to move its administrative offices to Kota Iskandar, it also took steps to redevelop the land with more modern and higher density housing. In the latter part of 2009, the government quarters were demolished and work on the new houses began.

Syed Mohamed bin Ahmed Alsagoff
Syed Mohamed bin Syed Ahmad Alsagoff (Arabic: سيد محمد بن سيد أحمد السقاف Sayyid Muḥammad bin Sayyid Aḥmad as-saqqāf) (1836 – July 3, 1906) was an Arab Muslim born in Singapore who was known as Nong Chik.

He was the most prominent member of the Alsagoff family. He received two land concessions from Sultan Abu Bakar of Johor; one in Kukup where he could print his own currency and the other in Kampong Nong Chik.

He was also involved in Singapore's civil service undertaking several diplomatic posts. The first post he held was the Ottoman consul, where the Osmanieh Order inducted him into their ranks after he became consul. Syed Mohamed was also asked to conduct diplomacy on behalf of the Sultanate of Aceh during its conflict with the Dutch.

He died on July 3, 1906. After his death, his sons developed the Bukit Tunggal Estate in the 1920s. The Madrasah Alsagoff Al-Arabiah (founded in 1912) was built according to his will.
Vernonanthura
Vernonanthura is a genus of Neotropical plants in the tribe Vernonieae within the family Asteraceae.

The genus name of Vernonanthura is in honour of William Vernon (1666/67 - ca.1711), who was an English plant collector, (bryologist) and entomologist from Cambridge University, who collected in Maryland, USA in 1698. As well as the complex ending derived from 'anthera' (anther) and 'oura' (tail), referring to the frequently tailed anther base of the plant.

Bryology
Bryology (from Greek bryon, a moss, a liverwort) is the branch of botany concerned with the scientific study of bryophytes (mosses, liverworts, and hornworts). Bryologists are botanists who have an active interest in observing, recording, classifying or researching bryophytes. The field is often studied along with lichenology due to the similar appearance and ecological niche of the two organisms, even though bryophytes and lichens are not classified in the same kingdom.
Buellia sharpiana
Buellia sharpiana is a species of crustose lichen in the family Physciaceae. It was formally described as a new species in 2013 by lichenologists James Lendemer and Richard C. Harris. The type specimen was collected from the summit area of Mount Le Conte at an altitude of 6,300 ft (1,900 m). The specific epithet sharpiana honors Evelyn Bunches Sharp, wife of bryologist Aaron J. Sharp. The Sharps collected samples for the cryptogamic herbarium at the University of Tennessee at Knoxville, especially after the original collection was destroyed by a fire in 1998.

In 2020, the lichen was assessed as a vulnerable species by the IUCN.

Cryptogam
A cryptogam (scientific name Cryptogamae) is a plant, in the broad sense of the word, or a plant-like organism that shares similar characteristics, such as being multicellular, photosynthetic, and primarily immobile, that reproduces via spores rather than through flowers or seeds.

This broader definition can include algae, fungi, and certain bacteria (like cyanobacteria), even though they may belong to different biological kingdoms.
Ana Rosa García
Ana Smerlyn Rosa García (born on 2 December 1997) is a judoka from the Dominican Republic. She has competed in several international judo tournaments, most notably the 2019 Pan American Games in Lima, Peru, where she won the gold medal in the 57 kg division.

Judo at the 2019 Pan American Games
Judo competitions at the 2019 Pan American Games in Lima, Peru were held between August 8 and 11, 2019 at the Polideportivo 1, which also hosted handball.

14 medal events were contested: seven weight categories each for men and women.

The event awarded ranking points towards selection for the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan.
Planet Exotica
Planet Exotica (7.6 hectares) is a commercial botanical garden located at 5 avenue des Fleurs de la Paix, Royan, Charente-Maritime, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France. It is open daily; an admission fee is charged.

The gardens include Japanese gardens, Tuscan landscapes, a bonsai collection (400 m2), an orchid greenhouse described as the largest in France (700 m2, about 3,000 specimens), a butterfly conservatory, bamboo labyrinth with artificial fog, boat trips through the marshes, and water games. Of particular interest is an olive tree imported from Spain, 4m high, 7m in circumference, with an estimated age of 1800 years.

Charente-Maritime
Charente-Maritime (French pronunciation: [ʃaʁɑ̃t maʁitim] ⓘ; Poitevin-Saintongeais: Chérente-Marine; Occitan: Charanta Maritima) is a department in the French region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine, on the country's west coast. Named after the river Charente, its prefecture is La Rochelle. As of 2019, it had a population of 651,358 with an area of 6,864 square kilometres (2,650 sq mi).
Los Barruecos
Los Barruecos is a natural monument (Spanish: monumento natural) in Malpartida de Cáceres, Extremadura, Spain.

It is located in the municipality of Malpartida de Cáceres, south of the urban centre. The area features granitic formations with landscape interest, together with artificial ponds, used in the past as wool washers. It houses colonies of white storks as well as cormorants, grebes and black-winged stilts. The area also features a number of archaeological remains, such as rock art in granite shelters and anthropomorphic tombs carved in granite. The Vostell Malpartida museum of contemporary art is also located in the area.

The Junta of Extremadura declared the landscape as natural monument in 1996.

Game of Thrones' episode "The Spoils of War" was shot in Los Barruecos.

Spanish pond turtles resting on the granite rocks

Stork nests

Rock art carvings

Great crested grebe
The great crested grebe (Podiceps cristatus) is a member of the grebe family of water birds. The bird is characterised by its distinctive appearance, featuring striking black, orange-brown, and white plumage, and elaborate courtship display that involves synchronised dances and displays.
Paul Drumaux
Paul Drumaux (1883, in Hasselt – 1954, in Brussels) was a Belgian engineer who wrote on electricity, electrical engineering, and related subjects.

Paul Drumaux received from the University of Liège a degree in mining engineering in 1905 and a degree in electrical engineering in 1908. In 1907 Drumaxu became a supervising engineer at Belgium's PTT (Post, Telegraaf, Telefonie) and in 1919 a docent at Ghent University. He was an Invited Speaker of the ICM in 1932 in Zurich and in 1936 in Oslo.

His brother Leon Drumaux (1879–1942) became director-general of the Ministry of Agriculture of Belgium. His sister Angela Drumaux (1881–1959) was an artist who was a student of Adrien de Witte at the academy of Liège and received in 1913 the triennial prize for painting; she exhibited in 1952 at the Hasseltse Galerie Artes and in 1953 at the Scherpesteen gallery.

International Congress of Mathematicians
The International Congress of Mathematicians (ICM) is the largest conference for the topic of mathematics. It meets once every four years, hosted by the International Mathematical Union (IMU).

The Fields Medals, the IMU Abacus Medal (known before 2022 as the Nevanlinna Prize), the Gauss Prize, and the Chern Medal are awarded during the congress's opening ceremony. Each congress is memorialized by a printed set of Proceedings recording academic papers based on invited talks intended to be relevant to current topics of general interest. Being invited to talk at the ICM has been called "the equivalent ... of an induction to a hall of fame".
Valla (surname)
Valla is a surname. It is Italian equivalent of Valle. It is also used as a surname in Norway referring to someone from several places or farmsteads in Nordland. It is the plural form of Old Norse word vǫllr (Norwegian: field meadow). Notable people with the surname include:

Esat Valla, Kosovar Albanian painter

Gerd-Liv Valla, Norwegian trade union leader

Giorgio Valla (1447–1500), scientist

Kristin Valla (born 1975), Norwegian writer and journalist

Kristin Hille Valla, Norwegian politician for the Centre Party

Lorenzo Valla (1406–1457), Italian Renaissance era humanist

Marie-Laure Valla, French set dresser and set decorator

Natacha Valla, French economist

Paul Vallas, American politician

Spyros Vallas, Greek professional football player

Trebisonda Valla (1916–2006), Italian athlete

Gerd-Liv Valla
Gerd-Liv Valla (born 25 January 1948 in Korgen, Nordland) is a Norwegian former trade union leader, who served as leader of the Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions (LO). She took over in 2001 (from former leader, Yngve Hågensen) and resigned in 2007 as a result of the so-called Valla affair. In 1997 she briefly served as minister of justice.
James Farrand Ruttan
James Farrand Ruttan (March 10, 1850 – January 21, 1904) was a real estate agent and politician in Ontario. He was mayor of Port Arthur from 1891 to 1892.

He was born in Cobourg, the son of Henry Jones Ruttan, who was the son of Henry Ruttan, and Margaret Pringle. Ruttan began work with the Post Office in Ottawa, later becoming involved in railway construction. In 1882, he opened a real estate office in Port Arthur, settling there the following year. Ruttan became real estate agent for the McVicar family, a large land-holder in the area. This brought him into conflict with the Canadian Pacific Railway, who required land to build a railway station. Rutton served on the town council in 1884, 1888 and 1889. From 1889 to 1903, he was Crown Lands agent for the Thunder Bay District.

Ruttan died of pneumonia in Port Arthur at the age of 53. Farrand Street and Ruttan Street in Thunder Bay were named in his honour.

His brother Henry Norlande served as Winnipeg's first city engineer.

Cobourg
Cobourg (/ˈkoʊbɜːrɡ/ KOH-burg) is a town in the Canadian province of Ontario, located in Southern Ontario 95 km (59 mi) east of Toronto and 62 km (39 mi) east of Oshawa. It is the largest town in and seat of Northumberland County. Its nearest neighbour is Port Hope, 7 km (4 mi) to the west. It is located along Highway 401 (exits 472 and 474) and the former Highway 2 (now Northumberland County Road 2). To the south, Cobourg borders Lake Ontario. To the north, east and west, it is surrounded by Hamilton Township.
Energise Records
Energise Records is a British independent record label established in 1993.

The label specialises in uptempo dance covers and compilations of HI-NRG/POP based releases.

The label has released records for artists such as Sean Smith, Nicki French, Peter Wilson, Hazell Dean, Jane Badler, Rozalla, Linda Martin, Paul Varney, Haywoode, Spray, Sonia and Sinitta.

Jane Badler
Jane Badler (born December 31, 1953) is an American-Australian actress and singer. She is known for her role as Diana, the main antagonist in NBC's science fiction series V between 1983 and 1985. Following this, she had roles in the primetime soap opera Falcon Crest and the 1988 revival of Mission: Impossible, the latter of which was filmed in Australia which has since become Badler's home. She has also become an established nightclub singer in Australia, where she still resides, and has released three albums.
Plicaturopsis crispa
Plicaturopsis crispa, the crimped gill or crispling, is a saprotrophic species of fungus in the genus  Plicaturopsis that can be found in temperate regions year-round, often on hazel, alder, and beech trees.

The fungus has a wide distribution, having been recorded in Europe, Asia, Australia, and North America. In Britain, its range has been rapidly increasing with 78% of all records of P. crispa in the FRDBI (Fungal Records Database of Britain & Ireland) being from after the year 2000, many of which are in areas with no previous recordings of the species.

Hazel
Hazels are plants of the genus Corylus of deciduous trees and large shrubs native to the temperate Northern Hemisphere. The genus is usually placed in the birch family, Betulaceae, though some botanists split the hazels (with the hornbeams and allied genera) into a separate family Corylaceae. The fruit of the hazel is the hazelnut.
Medial giant interneuron
The medial giant interneuron (MG) is an interneuron in the abdominal nerve cord of crayfish. It is part of the system that controls the caridoid escape reaction of crayfish, clawed lobsters, and other decapod crustaceans. Crayfish have a pair of medial giants running the length of the entire animal, and are the largest neurons in the animal.

When a crayfish is given a sudden visual or tactile stimulus to the front part of the animal, the MG activates fast flexor motor neurons that cause the abdomen to flex, resulting in the crayfish moving directly backward, away from the source of the stimulation. This connection was first demonstrated by C. A. G. Wiersma in the red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii.

The medial giant interneurons are less well studied than the lateral giant neurons, which trigger a similar escape behavior.

Procambarus clarkii
Procambarus clarkii, known variously as the red swamp crayfish, Louisiana crawfish or mudbug, is a species of cambarid crayfish native to freshwater bodies of northern Mexico, and southern and southeastern United States, but also introduced elsewhere (both in North America and other continents), where it is often an invasive pest.
Ayer Hitam
Ayer Hitam, nicknamed Bandar Seramik ('Ceramic Town'), is a town in Batu Pahat District, Johor, Malaysia. Located just at the junction of Federal Route 1 and Federal Route 50, it is known for its many outlets selling pottery and other crafts. It also is one of the interchange for North–South Expressway.

Malaysia Federal Route 50
Federal Route 50, or Jalan Batu Pahat–Kluang–Mersing, is a main federal road in Johor, Malaysia. The road connects Batu Pahat in the west to Jemaluang in the east. It is also a main route to North–South Expressway Southern Route via Ayer Hitam Interchange.
Dorothy DeBorba
Dorothy Adele DeBorba (March 28, 1925 – June 2, 2010) was an American child actress of Portuguese descent who was a regular in the Our Gang series of short subjects as the leading lady from 1930 to 1933.

Child actor
A child actor or child actress is a child acting on stage, television or in movies. An adult who began their acting career as a child may also be called a child actor or a "former child actor". Closely associated terms include teenage actor or teen actor, which refer to an actor who gained popularity as a teenager.

Many child actors find themselves struggling to adapt as they become adults, mainly due to typecasting. Macaulay Culkin and Lindsay Lohan are two particularly famous child actors who eventually experienced much difficulty with the fame they acquired at an early age. Some child actors have successful acting careers as adults; for example Mickey Rooney, Elizabeth Taylor, Jodie Foster, Christian Bale, Drew Barrymore, Saoirse Ronan. Other child actors have gone on to successful careers in other fields, including director Ron Howard, politicians Lech and Jarosław Kaczyński, James Jebbia, and singer Jenny Lewis.
Arid Forest Research Institute
Arid Forest Research Institute (ICFRE-AFRI) is a research institute situated in Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India. The institute conducts scientific research in forestry in order to provide technologies to increase the vegetative cover and to conserve biodiversity in the hot arid and semi-arid regions of Rajasthan and Gujarat. It helps to provide data and information to prevent and mitigate water scarcity related problems which affect the environment and people. It operates under the Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education (ICFRE) of the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Government of India.

Permanent vegetative cover
Permanent vegetative cover refers to trees, perennial bunchgrasses and grasslands, legumes, and shrubs with an
expected life span of at least 5 years.

In the United States, permanent cover is required on cropland entered into the Conservation Reserve Program.
Command and Control (film)
Command and Control is a 2016 American documentary film directed by Robert Kenner and based on the 2013 non-fiction  book of the same name by Eric Schlosser. It was released initially in the United States at the Tribeca Film Festival and then in the United Kingdom at the Sheffield Doc/Fest on June 11, 2016. It is based on the 1980 Damascus Titan missile explosion in Damascus, Arkansas between September 18–19, 1980.  The film aired on the PBS network series American Experience on January 10, 2017.

Eric Schlosser
Eric Matthew Schlosser (born August 17, 1959) is an American journalist and food writer. He is known for his books Fast Food Nation (2001), Reefer Madness (2003), and Command and Control: Nuclear Weapons, the Damascus Accident, and the Illusion of Safety (2013).
Anaspidomorphi
Anaspidomorphi (anaspidomorphs) is an extinct superclass of jawless fish.

According to the newer taxonomy based on the work of Nelson, Grande and Wilson 2016 and van der Laan 2018, the phylogeny of Anaspidomorphi looks like this:

Superclass †Anaspidomorphi
Order †Euphanerida
Family †Euphaneropidae Woodward, 1900
Order †Jamoytiiformes Halstead-Tarlo, 1967
Family †Achanarellidae Newman, 2002
Family †Jamoytiidae White, 1946
Class †Anaspida Janvier, 1996 non Williston, 1917
Order †Endeiolepidiformes Berg, 1940
Family †Endeiolepididae Stensio, 1939
Order †Birkeniiformes Stensiö, 1964
Family †Pharyngolepididae Kiær, 1924
Family †Pterygolepididae Obručhev, 1964
Family †Rhyncholepididae Kiær, 1924
Family †Tahulalepididae Blom, Märss & Miller, 2002
Family †Lasaniidae Goodrich, 1909
Family †Ramsaasalepididae Blom, Märss & Miller, 2003
Family †Birkeniidae Traquair, 1899
Family †Septentrioniidae Blom, Märss & Miller, 2002

Birkeniidae
Birkeniidae is an extinct family of jawless fish belonging to the order Birkeniiformes. They were defined in 1899 by Ramsay H. Traquair, and were a successful family among the many jawless fish in the Silurian seas.
Elmer Madarik
Elmer Laurence Madarik (July 15, 1922 – February 1974) was an American professional football running back in the National Football League (NFL) for the Detroit Lions and Washington Redskins.  He played college football at the University of Detroit Mercy and was drafted in the 18th round of the 1944 NFL draft.

University of Detroit Mercy
The University of Detroit Mercy is a private Catholic university in Detroit, Michigan, United States. It is sponsored by both the Society of Jesus (Jesuits) and the Sisters of Mercy. The university was founded in 1877 and is the largest Catholic university in Michigan. It has four campuses where it offers more than 100 academic degree programs. In athletics, the university sponsors 17 NCAA Division I sports for men and women. It is a member of the Horizon League.