hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jurn de Vries
Jurjen Pieter "Jurn" de Vries  (born February 1, 1940, in Vrouwenpolder) is a Dutch theologian and former politician and journalist.

De Vries was a member of the Senate from 1999 to 2003 and in 2007 for the Reformed Political League and the ChristianUnion, respectively. He was also a member of the municipal council of Amersfoort.

From 1974 to 2001, he was editor-in-chief of the Nederlands Dagblad, a Reformed newspaper.

He studied theology at the Theological University of the Reformed Churches and is a member of the Reformed Churches in the Netherlands (Liberated).

Vrouwenpolder
Vrouwenpolder is a village in the Dutch province of Zeeland. It is a part of the municipality of Veere, and lies about 9 km north of Middelburg. The name is derived from "the polder of Our Lady", referring to the Virgin Mary.
Champahati
Champahati is a census town in and a gram panchayat  within the jurisdiction of the Baruipur police station in the Baruipur CD block in the Baruipur subdivision of the South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is a part of Kolkata Urban Agglomeration.

Community development block
In India, a community development block (CD block) or simply a block is a sub-division of a district, administratively earmarked for planning and development. In tribal areas, similar sub-divisions are called tribal development blocks (TD blocks). The area is administered by a block development officer (BDO), supported by several technical specialists and village-level workers. A community development block covers several gram panchayats, the local administrative units at the village level. A block is a rural subdivision and typically smaller than a tehsil. A tehsil is purely for revenue administration, whereas a block is for rural development purposes. In most states, a block is coterminous with the panchayat samiti area.
Aslambek Aslakhanov
Aslambek Akhmedovich Aslakhanov (Russian: Асламбек Ахметович Аслаханов; 11 March 1942 – 11 August 2024) was a Russian general and politician who served as a State Duma deputy from Chechnya. He was an advisor and aide to Russian President Vladimir Putin.

Aslakhanov was a General of the MVD. He died on 11 August 2024, at the age of 82.

Ministry of Internal Affairs (Russia)
The Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation (Russian: Министерство внутренних дел, МВД, romanized: Ministerstvo vnutrennikh del, MVD) is the interior ministry of Russia.

The MVD is responsible for law enforcement in Russia through its agencies the Police of Russia, Migration Affairs, Drugs Control, Traffic Safety, the Centre for Combating Extremism, and the Investigative Department. The MVD is headquartered in Zhitnaya Street 16 in Yakimanka, Moscow. Vladimir Kolokoltsev has been the Minister of Internal Affairs since 2012.
Cemilli, Mersin
Cemilli is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Mezitli, Mersin Province, Turkey. Its population is 242 (2022). It is situated on the road connecting Mersin to Fındıkpınarı and to the south of the Taurus Mountains. Its distance to Mersin is 22 kilometres (14 mi). As of January 2017, the village did not have a hospital or school.

Taurus Mountains
The Taurus Mountains (Turkish: Toros Dağları or Toroslar; Kurdish: Çiyayên Torosê) are a mountain complex in southern Turkey, separating the Mediterranean coastal region from the central Anatolian Plateau. The system extends along a curve from Lake Eğirdir in the west to the upper reaches of the Euphrates and Tigris rivers in the east. It is a part of the Alpide belt in Eurasia.
Door Point Volcano
The Door Point Volcano is a buried extinct volcano off the shore of St. Bernard Parish, Louisiana. It last erupted in the late Cretaceous period, between 74 and 90 million years ago. It was discovered in a drill core at approximately 8000' depth beneath the sea floor. The volcano is a sill composed of layers of volcanic ash and breccia. The structure and crystallization of the rock indicates that it was a complex, submarine volcano. Door Point Volcano was discovered in 1963 by Shell Oil Company in an exploratory oil well drilling. It is the only known volcanic structure in the northern and western Gulf of Mexico. It is thought to be Louisiana's only volcanic structure.

Shell USA
Shell USA, Inc. (formerly Shell Oil Company, Inc.)  is the United States–based wholly owned subsidiary of Shell plc, a UK-based transnational corporation "oil major" which is among the largest oil companies in the world. Approximately 18,000 Shell employees are based in the U.S. Its U.S. headquarters are in Houston, Texas. Shell USA, including its consolidated companies and its share in equity companies, is one of America's largest oil and natural gas producers, natural gas marketers, fuel marketers and petrochemical manufacturers.
Aura I cabinet
Teuvo Aura's first cabinet was a caretaker government of Finland, led by Teuvo Aura (lib.). The cabinet governed for two months, from 14 May 1970 to 15 July 1970 in the interregnum between Mauno Koivisto's first cabinet and Ahti Karjalainen's second cabinet. It did not produce a government platform.

Liberals (Finland)
Liberal People's Party (from 2001 Liberals; Finnish: Liberaalinen kansanpuolue) was a conservative-liberal political party in Finland, founded in 1965 as a reunification of the People's Party of Finland and Liberal League.
Zachorzów-Kolonia
Zachorzów-Kolonia [zaˈxɔʐuf kɔˈlɔɲa] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sławno, within Opoczno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) south-east of Sławno, 8 km (5 mi) south-west of Opoczno, and 71 km (44 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

Opoczno County
Opoczno County (Polish: powiat opoczyński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, south-east Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Opoczno, which lies 72 kilometres (45 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź. The only other town in the county is Drzewica, lying 15 km (9 mi) north-east of Opoczno.

The county covers an area of 1,038.77 square kilometres (401.1 sq mi). As of 2009 its total population is 78,467, out of which the population of Opoczno is 21,635 (2016), that of Drzewica is 3,913 (2016), and the rural population is 52,006.
Zamzam–Sheriff–Phillips syndrome
Zamzam–Sheriff–Phillips syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive congenital disorder. It is characterized by aniridia, ectopia lentis, abnormal upper incisors and intellectual disability. Little research has been undertaken regarding this particular disease, so thus far there is no known gene that affects this condition. However it has been hypothesised that the symptoms described are found at a particular gene, though intellectual disability is believed to be due to a different genetic cause.

Consanguinuity (intermarrying among relatives such as cousins), often associated with autosomal recessive inheritance, has been attributed to the inheritance of this disease.

Aniridia
Aniridia is a condition characterized by the absence or near absence of the iris, the colored, muscular ring in the eye that controls the size of the pupil and regulates the amount of light entering the eye. This absence results in a primarily black appearance of the central eye. Aniridia can be congenital, typically affecting both eyes, or caused by a penetrant injury. Congenital aniridia is not simply an iris defect but a more complex condition affecting multiple parts of the eye, with macular and optic nerve hypoplasia, cataract, and corneal changes. Vision may be severely compromised and the disorder is frequently associated with several other ocular complications, including nystagmus, amblyopia, buphthalmos, and cataract. In some cases, aniridia occurs as part of a broader syndrome, like WAGR syndrome (kidney nephroblastoma, genitourinary anomalies and intellectual disability) or Gillespie syndrome (cerebellar ataxia).
Nef reaction
In organic chemistry, the Nef reaction is an organic reaction describing the acid hydrolysis of a salt of a primary or secondary nitroalkane (R−NO2) to an aldehyde (R−CH=O) or a ketone (R2C=O) and nitroxyl (HNO), which rapidly converts to nitrous oxide (N2O). The reaction has been the subject of several literature reviews.

The reaction was reported in 1894 by the chemist John Ulric Nef, who treated the sodium salt of nitroethane with sulfuric acid resulting in an 85–89% yield of nitrous oxide and at least 70% yield of acetaldehyde. However, the reaction was pioneered a year earlier in 1893 by Konovalov, who converted the potassium salt of 1-phenylnitroethane with sulfuric acid to acetophenone.

Organic reaction
Organic reactions are chemical reactions involving organic compounds. The basic organic chemistry reaction types are addition reactions, elimination reactions, substitution reactions, pericyclic reactions, rearrangement reactions, photochemical reactions and redox reactions. In organic synthesis, organic reactions are used in the construction of new organic molecules. The production of many man-made chemicals such as drugs, plastics, food additives, fabrics depend on organic reactions.

The oldest organic reactions are combustion of organic fuels and saponification of fats to make soap. Modern organic chemistry starts with the Wöhler synthesis in 1828. In the history of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry awards have been given for the invention of specific organic reactions such as the Grignard reaction in 1912, the Diels–Alder reaction in 1950, the Wittig reaction in 1979 and olefin metathesis in 2005.
Master of the Annunciation to the Shepherds
The Master of the Annunciation to the Shepherds was an anonymous master active in Naples, around 1620–1640. The Master's body of work was first identified by August L Mayer in the 1920s and connected to a group of works depicting the Annunciation to the Shepherds, with notable examples in Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery and the Museo di Capodimonte, Naples.

August L. Mayer
August Liebmann Mayer (27 October 1885 – 12 March 1944) was a German curator, art historian and art collector specializing in Spanish Golden Age painting. He was fired from his job, his art collection was looted and he was murdered by Nazis because he was Jewish.
Thomas Taggart (rugby union)
Thomas Taggart (13 October 1866 — 18 February 1945) was an Irish international rugby union player.

Taggart was born in Bushmills, County Antrim, and educated Trinity College Dublin.

A forward, Taggart played with Dublin University and was capped once for Ireland, playing against Wales at Blackheath during the 1887 Home Nations Championship.

Taggart practised as a solicitor in Ballymoney.

1887 Home Nations Championship
The 1887 Home Nations Championship was the fifth series of the rugby union Home Nations Championship. Six matches were played between 8 January and 12 March. It was contested by England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales.

Scotland won the championship outright for the first time, having shared the title with England in 1886; George Campbell Lindsay scored five tries against Wales, a record which still stands.
Stephanie Brown Trafton
Stephanie Brown Trafton, née Stephanie Brown, (born December 1, 1979) is an American track and field athlete who won the discus throwing gold medal at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. She is thus one of only three American women to have ever won the event.

She was a somewhat unusual athlete in that she had become a two-time Olympian before she had competed at a World Championships in Athletics. Her first World Championships in 2009 ended with a sub-par performance in the discus final, but in 2011, she placed sixth. In 2012, she secured her third trip to the Olympics, after a definitive performance at that year's American Olympic trials. Still, the best-performing American of 2012 finished off the medals podium in London in seventh place.

Mary Lou Retton
Mary Lou Retton (born January 24, 1968) is an American retired gymnast. At the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, she won a gold medal in the individual all-around competition, as well as two silver medals and two bronze medals, which earned her the Sports Illustrated Sportswoman of the Year award.

Retton's performance made her one of the most popular athletes in the United States. Her gold medal win was historic as Retton was the first American woman to win the all-around gold medal in Olympic gymnastics.
10th Squadron (Parachute), Royal Army Engineers Regiment
The 10th Squadron (Parachute), Royal Army Engineers Regiment (Abbr.: 10 SQN RAER (Para); Malay: Skuadron ke-10 Rejimen Askar Jurutera Diraja (Para) — 10 Skn RAJD (Para)) is a company-sized airborne sapper from the Malaysian Army's Royal Army Engineers Regiment. 10 SQN RAER (Para) has been a part of the 10th Parachute Brigade since 10 October 1994 and is tasked with providing engineering support to the brigade.

All members of 10 SQN RAER (Para), as a part of the elite 10th Parachute Brigade, must be airborne trained and complete the Basic Rapid Deployment Force Course (Malaysian Army version of the UK's P Company).

Elite Forces of Malaysia
The Elite Forces of Malaysia (Malay: Pasukan Elit Malaysia) are specialised, highly trained units drawn from various branches of the Malaysian military, law enforcement, and government agencies. In Malaysia, the term Elite Forces serves as an umbrella term encompassing special forces, special operations units, specialised firefighting teams, and other uniquely trained groups within the uniformed services (Pasukan beruniform).

To join these Elite Forces, regular personnel must undergo rigorous and specialised training to meet the demanding standards required. These units are distinguished by unique identifiers, including beret colours, shoulder flashes (tabs), unit patches, skill badges, and distinct uniforms, setting them apart from conventional units.
Dan Levitan
Dan Levitan is a former investment banker turned venture capital investor. He is co-founding partner at Maveron, which invests in consumer-only businesses centered on technology-enabled products and services in commerce, education, and health and wellness.

Investor
An investor is a person or entity that allocates financial capital with the expectation of a future return (profit) or to gain an advantage (interest). Through this allocated capital the investor usually purchases some species of property. Types of investments include equity, debt, securities, real estate, infrastructure, currency, commodity, token, derivatives such as put and call options, futures, forwards, etc. This definition makes no distinction between the investors in the primary and secondary markets.  That is, someone who provides a business with capital and someone who buys a stock are both investors.  An investor who owns stock is a shareholder.
Martín Buesa
Martín Buesa (born 24 August 1988, Vitoria-Gasteiz) is a Spanish professional basketball player.

Buesa played for Caja Laboral from 2008 to 2011. After leaving the team, Buesa joined UPV Álava at Liga EBA and later, in 2012, for Araberri BC at LEB Plata.

Segunda FEB
The Segunda FEB, formerly known as LEB 2 and LEB Plata, is the third basketball division of the Spanish basketball league system and the second basketball division organized by the Spanish Basketball Federation. Since 2019, three teams are promoted to Primera FEB and six teams are relegated to Tercera FEB.

From the 2024–25 season, it is named Segunda FEB.
Mar Chiquita
Mar Chiquita is a coastal lagoon in the southeast province of Buenos Aires in eastern Argentina. It is located by the Atlantic coast, 30 km north of Mar del Plata.

The area is a natural reserve where a number of animal species live around Mar Chiquita. There is a small resort on the southern side of the lagoon with population of 487 people as of 2010.

The location was also used as a suborbital launch site at coordinates 37°45' south, 57°25' west between 1968 and 1972; eight sounding rockets of the types Arcas, two rockets of the type Orion-1, and a rocket of the type Dragon, were launched from the site.

Mar Chiquita was designated a Biosphere Reserve by UNESCO in 1995. It was designated a wildlife refuge in 1998 by the Government of Argentina. The refuge covers an area of 560.3 km2.

Mar del Plata
Mar del Plata is a city of the Atlantic Coast, in Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. It is the seat of General Pueyrredón district. Mar del Plata is the second largest city in Buenos Aires Province. The name "Mar del Plata"  is short for "Mar del Río de la Plata," and means "sea of the Río de la Plata basin" or "adjoining sea to the (River) Plate region." Mar del Plata is one of the major fishing ports and the biggest seaside beach resort in Argentina.
With a population of 682,605 as per the 2022 census [INDEC], it is the 5th largest city in Argentina.
Sofienberg Church
Sofienberg Church is located at Sofienberg in Oslo, Norway and is designed by the Danish-born architect Jacob Wilhelm Nordan. It was first known as Paulus Kirke (St Paul's) but its name was changed to Petrus Kirke (St Peter's) in 1892 and finally to Sofienberg Kirke in 1962.  The church is surrounded by Sofienberg Park, where it was previously a cemetery. The church was consecrated in 1877 and seats approximately 500.

The altarpiece, which shows Christ on the Cross was painted by Otto Sinding in 1879. The church has stained glass windows at the main entrance, made by Maria Vigeland (1951) and on the south wall, made by Enevold Thømt (1920). The church organ is from 2013. It has 42 voices. The new organ was supplied by the German organ builder firm Eule. The church is known to have good acoustics and is an attractive concert venue in Oslo's Eastend.

The church is protected by law by the Norwegian Directorate for Cultural Heritage.

Norwegian Directorate for Cultural Heritage
The Directorate for Cultural Heritage (Norwegian: Riksantikvaren or Direktoratet for kulturminneforvaltning) is a government agency responsible for the management of cultural heritage in Norway. Subordinate to the Norwegian Ministry of the Environment, it manages the Cultural Heritage Act of June 9, 1978. The directorate also has responsibilities under the Norwegian Planning and Building Law.
Hope (sloop)
Hope is an oyster sloop that was completed in 1948. It is believed to be the last sail-powered oystering vessel built on the Long Island Sound. Hope is 56 feet (17 m) long, including the bowsprit, and 42 feet 2 inches (12.9 m) at the waterline. Its beam is 15 feet 2 inches (4.6 m), and it draws 4 feet 9 inches (1.4 m) with the centerboard up. Hope is gaff rigged, 'V'-bottomed and has an 850-pound (390 kg) centerboard. Hope's shallow draft facilitated shoal water work.

Bowsprit
The bowsprit of a sailing vessel is a spar extending forward from the vessel's prow. The bowsprit is typically held down by a bobstay that counteracts the forces from the forestays. The bowsprit’s purpose is to create anchor points for the sails that extend beyond the vessel’s bow, increasing the size of sail that may be held taut.

The word bowsprit is thought to originate from the Middle Low German word bōchsprēt – bōch meaning "bow" and sprēt meaning "pole".

On some square-rigged ships a spritsail is flown below the bowsprit; these are sometimes accompanied by a sprit topmast, which serves to assist the spritsail while tacking. The bowsprit may also be used to hold up the figurehead.
August 1987 Palauan constitutional referendum
A constitutional referendum was held in Palau on 4 August 1987. The changes to the constitution would lower the threshold of the majority required for approving the Compact of Free Association with the United States from 75%, after five previous referendums had approved the Compact, but not by the majority required.

Although the referendum saw 73.3% of voters vote in favour of the amendments, the referendum was later declared void by the Supreme Court as the enabling legislation had not achieved the 75% majority required in the House of Delegates or Senate.

Senate of Palau
The Senate of Palau is the upper house of the Palau National Congress (Olbiil era Kelulau). The Senate members are elected to serve four-year terms in multi-seat constituencies. Since January 2025, the Senate has 15 members. No political parties exist. The most recent election was held in November 2024.
New-Gen
New-Gen, styled NEW-GEN, is a superhero comic book series created in 2008 by J.D. Matonti, Chris Matonti and Julia Coppola, of A.P.N.G. Enterprises. It is printed, distributed and advertised by Marvel Comics. The series centers on the war over nanotechnology between two powerful scientists, Gabriel and Deadalus, from the extra-dimensional world of New-Gen.

New-Gen is created by J.D. Matonti, Julia Coppola, and Chris Matonti.The artist for the comic is Abdul Rashid.

Microtechnology
Microtechnology is technology whose features have dimensions of the order of one micrometre (one millionth of a metre, or 10−6 metre, or 1μm). It focuses on physical and chemical processes as well as the production or manipulation of structures with one-micrometre magnitude.
Horace Faith
Horace Faith (born Horace Smith) was a Jamaican reggae singer. He is best known for his cover of the Checkmates, Ltd. song, "Black Pearl", which reached number 13 on the UK Singles Chart in 1970.

Released by Trojan Records (TR 7790), "Black Pearl" spent ten weeks on the UK Singles Chart in the latter half of 1970, peaking at number 13 in October that year. Coincidentally, the original version of the song by Checkmates, Ltd., peaked at number 13 in the US Billboard Hot 100 in 1969. The track was written by Irwin Levine, Phil Spector and Toni Wine. The B-side of Faith's single was "Help Me Help Myself", which was written by Johnny Arthey and Phil Swern. The single was released in the United States by Bell Records.

"Black Pearl" subsequently appeared on numerous compilation albums.

Faith's later recordings included the self-penned "I Can't Understand It", arranged by Richard Anthony Hewson and produced by Swern.

Faith died on 7 March 2015.

Irwin Levine
Irwin Jesse Levine (March 23, 1938 – January 21, 1997) was an American songwriter, who co-wrote the song "Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree" with L. Russell Brown. The song was a worldwide hit for Tony Orlando and Dawn as it reached number one on both the US and UK charts for four weeks in April 1973 and number one on the Australian charts for seven weeks from May to July 1973. It was the top-selling single in 1973 in both the US and UK. In 2008, Billboard ranked the song as the 37th biggest song of all time in its issue celebrating the 50th anniversary of the Hot 100.
Sing Sing Death House
Sing Sing Death House is the second studio album by the American punk rock band The Distillers, released in 2002 on Hellcat Records. The song "Seneca Falls" was featured in the game Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 4 and is a reference to the Seneca Falls Convention of 1848.

Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 4
Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 4 is a 2002 skateboarding game developed by Neversoft and published by Activision under their Activision O2 label. The game was ported by different developers to various systems. It is the fourth installment in the Tony Hawk's series. The game was released in 2002 for the GameCube, PlayStation, PlayStation 2, Xbox, and Game Boy Advance. In 2003, it was released for Windows and Mac OS X by developer Beenox and publisher Aspyr. In 2004, a Tapwave Zodiac version was released. Another port of the Game Boy Advance version was also released as a launch title for the digiBLAST, a Linux-based handheld console for children released in 2005.

A remake of the game is included as part of Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 3 + 4, released in 2025.