hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
United States Army Engineer Research and Development Laboratory
The Engineer Research and Development Laboratory (ERDL) was a United States Army Corps of Engineers research facility located at Fort Belvoir, Virginia.

The ERDL performed research and development related to earthmoving, industrial engines and turbines, fuels handling, environmental control, electric power and propulsion, direct energy sources, detectors, bridges and marine craft, mine warfare, fortifications and obstacles, camouflage and deception, water purification, nuclear weapons effects, materials, and environmental testing.

Electric power
Electric power is the rate of transfer of electrical energy within a circuit. Its SI unit is the watt, the general unit of power, defined as one joule per second. Standard prefixes apply to watts as with other SI units: thousands, millions and billions of watts are called kilowatts, megawatts and gigawatts respectively.

In common parlance, electric power is the production and delivery of electrical energy, an essential public utility in much of the world. Electric power is usually produced by electric generators, but can also be supplied by sources such as electric batteries. It is usually supplied to businesses and homes (as domestic mains electricity) by the electric power industry through an electrical grid.

Electric power can be delivered over long distances by transmission lines and used for applications such as motion, light or heat with high efficiency.
Murfreesboro, Arkansas
Murfreesboro is a city in and the county seat of Pike County, Arkansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, Murfreesboro had a population of 1,495. The Crater of Diamonds State Park is located approximately 1 mile southeast of the city.

Crater of Diamonds State Park
Crater of Diamonds State Park is a 911-acre (369 ha) Arkansas state park in Pike County, Arkansas, in the United States. The park has a 37.5-acre (15.2-hectare) plowed field which is one of the few diamond-bearing sites accessible to the public. Diamonds have  been discovered in the field continuously since 1906, including the graded-perfect Strawn-Wagner Diamond, found in 1990, and the Uncle Sam, found in 1924, which at over 40 carats is the largest diamond ever found in the United States.

The site became a state park in 1972 when the Arkansas Department of Parks and Tourism purchased the site from private owners in Dallas, Texas, which had operated the site as a tourist attraction.
Outline of bicycles
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to bicycles:

Bicycle – pedal-driven, human-powered, single-track vehicle, having two wheels attached to a frame, one behind the other. A person who rides a bicycle is called a cyclist or a bicyclist, and the activity is called cycling.  Also known as a bike, push bike or cycle.

Single-track vehicle
A single-track vehicle is a vehicle that leaves a single ground track as it moves forward. Single-track vehicles usually have little or no lateral stability when stationary but develop it when moving forward or controlled. In the case of wheeled vehicles, the front and rear wheel usually follow slightly different paths when turning or when out of alignment.

Single-track vehicles have unique dynamics that, in the case of wheeled vehicles, are discussed at length in bicycle and motorcycle dynamics, that usually require leaning into a turn, and that usually include countersteering. Single-track vehicles can roll on wheels, slide, float, or hydroplane.
Advanced Aeromarine
Advanced Aeromarine (later HighCraft AeroMarine) was an aircraft manufacturer based in Ocoee, Florida.  It built light aircraft, Amphibious aircraft and sailplanes, developing a number of successful designs that have been produced by a number of different firms over the years.

Aeromarine designs were licensed to Advanced Aviation for some time before being acquired by Keuthan Aircraft.

Glider (sailplane)
A glider or sailplane is a type of glider aircraft used in the leisure activity and sport of gliding (also called soaring). This unpowered aircraft can use naturally occurring currents of rising air in the atmosphere to gain altitude. Sailplanes are aerodynamically streamlined, so they can fly a significant distance forward for a small decrease in altitude.

In North America, the term 'sailplane' is also used to describe this type of aircraft. In other parts of the English-speaking world, the word 'glider' is more common.
19th Motor Rifle Division
The 19th Voronezh-Shumlinskaya Red Banner Order of Suvorov and Red Banner of Labor Motor Rifle Division (Russian: 19-я мотострелковая Воронежско-Шумлинская Краснознамённая, орденов Суворова и Трудового Красного Знамени дивизия, romanized: 19-ya motostrelkovaya Voronezhsko-Shumlinskaya Krasnoznamonnaya, ordenov Suvorova i Trudovogo Krasnogo Znameni diviziya), is a division of the Russian Ground Forces. It appears to have been formed originally in July 1922 at Tambov in the Moscow Military District as a territorial formation. In 1923, it was awarded the "Tambov" placename and renamed the 19th Voronezh Rifle Division. The division was downsized to a brigade in 2009 and reestablished as a division in 2020.

Tambov
Tambov (UK: /tæmˈbɒf/ tam-BOF, US: /tɑːmˈbɔːf, -ˈbɔːv/ tahm-BAWF, -⁠BAWV; Russian: Тамбов, IPA: [tɐmˈbof]) is a city and the administrative center of Tambov Oblast, central Russia, at the confluence of the Tsna and Studenets rivers, about 418 km (260 mi) south-southeast of Moscow. With a population of 261,803 as of 2021, Tambov is the largest city, and historical center, of the Tambov Oblast as a whole.
Eagle Fortress
Eagle Fortress (Korean: 독수리 요새) was a steel suspended roller coaster at Everland, South Korea, and was the first suspended roller coaster in Asia. It opened on 8 September 1992 and closed permanently in January 2009. Built by American manufacturer Arrow Dynamics, it was one of the last rides of its kind built by the company before going bankrupt in 2002 and was the longest suspended coaster built by Arrow Dynamics with a 3,200 ft long track.

Suspended roller coaster
A suspended roller coaster is a type of steel roller coaster in which the car hangs from the bottom of the rolling stock by a pivoting fulcrum or hinge assembly. This allows the car and riders to swing side to side as the train races along the track. Due to the swing designs, these roller coasters cannot invert riders.
University Marine Biological Station Millport
The University Marine Biological Station Millport (UMBSM) was a higher education institution located on the island of Great Cumbrae in the Firth of Clyde, Scotland, and run by the university of London (of which it was a central academic body). It closed in 2013 and is now Millport Field Centre, run by the Field Studies Council.

Located just outside the town, it had an extensive curriculum and research programme, with an influx of students throughout the academic year. A Museum and Aquarium (named after the founder, David Robertson) were open to visitors. In May 2003, the station took delivery of the Macduff-built, 22-metre marine research vessel RV Aora. The station also functioned as a Meteorological Office Weather Station and Admiralty Tide Monitor.

Ronald Ian Currie
Ronald Ian Currie FRSE CBE (1928 – 1996) was a Scottish marine biologist. He was known generally as Ron Currie.

After early research into the analysis of plankton layers in the oceans using measurement of light penetration and audio signals, he was appointed director of the Scottish Marine Biological Association on the West Coast of Scotland.
Battle of the Baggage
The Battle of the Baggage (Arabic: ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍلاﺛﻘﺎﻝ, romanized: Yawm al-athqāl), was fought between the forces of the Umayyad Caliphate and the Turkic Türgesh tribes on 30 September 737. The Umayyads under the governor of Khurasan, Asad ibn Abdallah al-Qasri, had invaded the Principality of Khuttal in Transoxiana, and the local ruler called upon the Türgesh for aid. The Umayyad army retreated in haste before the Türgesh arrived, managing to cross the Oxus River just in time, while their rearguard engaged the pursuing Türgesh. The Türgesh crossed immediately after, and attacked the exposed Muslim baggage train, which had been sent ahead, and captured it. The main Umayyad army came to the rescue of the baggage train's escort, which suffered heavy casualties. The failure of the Umayyad campaign meant the complete collapse of the Arab control in the Upper Oxus valley, and opened Khurasan itself to the Türgesh.

Wagon train
A wagon train is a group of wagons traveling together. Before the extensive use of military vehicles, baggage trains followed an army with supplies and ammunition.

In the American West, settlers traveling across the plains and mountain passes in covered wagons banded together for mutual assistance. Although wagon trains are associated with the Old West, the Trekboers of South Africa also traveled in caravans of covered wagons.
Donald Manford
Donald L. Manford (May 20, 1934 - 1991) was an American politician who served in the Missouri Senate and the Missouri House of Representatives.  He served in the U.S. Navy from 1952 until 1956 during the period of the Korean War.  Manford was previously elected to the Missouri House of Representatives in 1966, serving until 1968.

He died in 1991.

Missouri House of Representatives
The Missouri House of Representatives is the lower chamber of the Missouri General Assembly, the upper chamber being the Missouri Senate. It has 163 members, representing districts with an average size of 37,000 residents. House members are elected for two-year terms during general elections held in even-numbered years.

Missouri's house is the fourth largest in the United States even as the state ranks 18th in population. The only states with a larger lower house in the United States are New Hampshire (400), Pennsylvania (203), and Georgia (180). Republicans have controlled the State House since 2003.

The next election will be held in 2026.
Kamandar
40°48′10″N 45°44′05″E﻿ / ﻿40.80278°N 45.73472°E﻿ / 40.80278; 45.73472

Kamandar (also, Komandar) is a village in the Shamkir Rayon of Azerbaijan.  The village forms part of the municipality of Ələsgərli.

Shamkir District
40°49′57″N 46°1′35″E﻿ / ﻿40.83250°N 46.02639°E﻿ / 40.83250; 46.02639

Shamkir District (Azerbaijani: Şəmkir rayonu) is one of the 66 districts of Azerbaijan. It is located in the north-west of the country and belongs to the Gazakh-Tovuz Economic Region. The district borders the districts of Gadabay, Tovuz, Samukh, Goygol, and Dashkasan. Its capital and largest city is Shamkir. As of 2020, the district had a population of 219,500.
2025 Dubai Tennis Championships – Women's singles
Mirra Andreeva defeated Clara Tauson in the final, 7–6(7–1), 6–1 to win the women's singles title at the 2025 Dubai Tennis Championships. It was her second WTA Tour singles title. At 17 years and 299 days old, Andreeva became the youngest WTA 1000 champion and finalist since the category's inception in 2009. She was the youngest player to record wins over multiple major champions in a 1000-level event, and the youngest to defeat three major winners at the same tournament since Maria Sharapova at the 2004 WTA Finals. By winning the title, Andreeva made her debut in the top 10 of the WTA rankings, the first 17-year-old to be ranked in the top 10 in singles since Nicole Vaidišová in 2007.

Jasmine Paolini was the defending champion, but lost in the third round to Sofia Kenin.

WTA rankings
The WTA rankings are the ratings defined by the Women's Tennis Association, introduced in November 1975. The computer that calculates the ranking is nicknamed "Medusa".

Aryna Sabalenka is the current world No. 1 in women's singles.
Galaxy Zoo
Galaxy Zoo is a crowdsourced astronomy project which invites people to assist in the morphological classification of large numbers of galaxies. It is an example of citizen science as it enlists the help of members of the public to help in scientific research.

There have been 15 versions as of July 2017. Galaxy Zoo is part of the Zooniverse, a group of citizen science projects. An outcome of the project is to better determine the different aspects of objects and to separate them into classifications.

Chris Lintott
Christopher John Lintott FRAS (born 26 November 1980) is a British astrophysicist, author and broadcaster. He is a Professor of Astrophysics in the Department of Physics at the University of Oxford, and, since 2023, Gresham Professor of Astronomy at Gresham College, London. Lintott is involved in a number of popular science projects aimed at bringing astronomy to a wider audience and is also the primary presenter of the BBC television series The Sky at Night, having previously been co-presenter with Patrick Moore until Moore's death in 2012. He co-authored Bang! – The Complete History of the Universe and The Cosmic Tourist with Moore and Queen guitarist and astrophysicist Brian May.
Mary Woolley Gibbings Cotton, Viscountess Combermere
Mary Woolley Gibbings Cotton, Viscountess Combermere (1799 – 13 August 1889) was an Irish author.

Mary Woolley Gibbings Cotton, Viscountess Combermere was born in 1799 in Cork, the only daughter of Robert Gibbings, a wealthy Irish physician, and Barbara Woolley.  In 1838, she became the third wife of Stapleton Cotton, 1st Viscount Combermere, 26 years her senior.

She turned to writing late in life, publishing an essay collection in 1863, Our Peculiarities.  Her novel Shattered Idols featured a chemist engaging in poisoning and bigamy.  She also wrote a volume of poetry and edited her late husband's memoirs.

Mary Woolley Gibbings Cotton, Viscountess Combermere died on 13 August 1889 in Belgrave Square.

Belgrave Square
Belgrave Square is a large 19th-century garden square in London. It is the centrepiece of Belgravia, and its architecture resembles the original scheme of property contractor Thomas Cubitt who engaged George Basevi for all of the terraces for the 2nd Earl Grosvenor, later the 1st Marquess of Westminster, in the 1820s. Most of the houses were occupied by 1840. The square takes its name from one of the Duke of Westminster's subsidiary titles, Viscount Belgrave. The village and former manor house of Belgrave, Cheshire, were among the rural landholdings associated with the main home and gardens of the senior branch of the family, Eaton Hall. Today, many embassies occupy buildings on all four sides.
1904 petition to the Chemical Society
The 1904 petition to the Chemical Society was a petition written by 19 female chemists setting out the reasons why they should be afforded the status of Fellow of the Chemical Society. The petition is of importance as it eventually led to the admission of women as Fellows of the Society (one of the Societies that amalgamated to become the Royal Society of Chemistry), as well as identifying prominent female chemists working in Britain at this time.

Martha Annie Whiteley
Martha Annie Whiteley, OBE FCS (11 November 1866 – 24 May 1956) was an English chemist and mathematician. She was instrumental in advocating for women's entry into the Chemical Society, and was best known for her dedication to advancing women's equality in the field of chemistry. She is identified as one of the Royal Society of Chemistry's 175 Faces of Chemistry.
Mgolodi Dikgacwi
Mgolodi Moses Dikgacwi is a South African politician who represented the African National Congress (ANC) in the National Assembly from 2004 to 2014, gaining election in 2004 and 2009. During his second term, from January 2010, he served as a party whip in the Portfolio Committee on Sports and Recreation. He was listed 22nd on the ANC's regional party list for the Western Cape in the 2014 general election and did not secure re-election.

Dikgacwi was involved in civic organising in Bongolethu in the Cape Province during apartheid.

Oudtshoorn
Oudtshoorn (/ˈaʊtshɔːrn/, Afrikaans pronunciation: [ˈœutsˌɦuərən]) is a town in the Western Cape province of South Africa, located between the Swartberg mountains to the north and the Outeniqua Mountains to the south. Dubbed the "ostrich capital of the world", Oudtshoorn is known for its ostrich-feather booms, during 1865–1870 and 1900–1914. With approximately 60,000 inhabitants, it is the largest town in the Klein Karoo region. The town's economy is primarily reliant on the ostrich farming and tourism industries. Oudtshoorn is home to the world's largest ostrich population, with a number of specialised ostrich breeding farms, such as the Safari Show Farm and the Highgate Ostrich Show Farm, as stated by Pierre D. Toit.

Bhongolethu is a township 10 km (6 mi) east of Oudtshoorn. Derived from Xhosa, its name means "our pride".
Don Oslear
Donald Osmund Oslear (3 March 1929 – 10 May 2018) was a Test cricket umpire from England.

Don Oslear was born in Cleethorpes, Lincolnshire, England, in 1929 and joined the first-class panel in 1975 at the age of 46 without any first-class playing experience.  He stood in five Test matches between 1980 and 1984 and eight One Day Internationals, including a semi-final of the 1983 World Cup. He umpired 360 first-class matches between 1975 and 1993. Alongside John Holder, he is credited with the idea of a 'bowl-out' to decide a drawn match after the 55-over 1987 Tilcon Trophy final had been washed out by rain. The organisers had ordered them to think of another way of settling the match rather than the traditional and sometimes unpopular means of the toss of a coin. This idea was subsequently adopted in all ECB limited-overs competitions.

Bowl-out
A bowl-out (sometimes termed a bowl-off) was used as a tiebreaker in various forms of limited overs cricket to decide a match that would otherwise end in a tie.  Five bowlers from each side deliver one or two balls each at an unguarded wicket (three stumps).   If each team has hit the same number of wickets after the first five bowlers per side, the bowling continues and is decided by sudden death.

The bowl-out is no longer used as a tie breaker in ICC matches or domestic professional leagues, as batting has no effect on the result of the otherwise tied game. It has been replaced by the Super Over.
Rex De Rosselli
Rex De Rosselli (May 1, 1878 – July 21, 1941), was an American actor of the silent era, mainly appearing in Westerns. He appeared in more than 150 films between 1911 and 1926. He was born in Kentucky and died in East Saint Louis. He also served as head trainer of the Universal City Zoo from approximately 1915 to 1917. Rex De Rosselli was described as a "silver-haired Beau Brummell" who alternated film work in the winters and circus work in the summers.

Beau Brummell
George Bryan "Beau" Brummell (7 June 1778 – 30 March 1840) was an important figure in Regency England, and for many years he was the arbiter of British men's fashion. At one time, he was a close friend of the Prince Regent, the future King George IV, but after the two quarrelled and Brummell got into debt, he had to take refuge in France. Eventually, he died from complications of neurosyphilis in Caen.

Brummell was remembered afterwards as the preeminent example of the dandy, and a whole literature was founded upon his manner and witty sayings, which have persisted until today. His name is still associated with style and good looks and has been given to a variety of modern products to suggest their high quality.
Crofton Baronets of Mohill (1801)
The Crofton Baronetcy, of Mohill in the County of Leitrim, was created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom on 10 August 1801 for Morgan Crofton. The sixth Baronet was a Lieutenant-Colonel in the 2nd Life Guards and fought in the Second Boer War, where he was severely wounded at the Relief of Ladysmith, and in the two world wars. His diaries from the First World War are published as Massacre of the Innocents: The Crofton Diaries, Ypres 1914–1915 (2004). Another member of the family, James Crofton, grandson of Morgan Crofton, third son of the first Baronet, was a Lieutenant-General in the Army.

2nd Regiment of Life Guards
The 2nd Regiment of Life Guards was a cavalry regiment in the British Army, part of the Household Cavalry. It was formed in 1788 by the union of the 2nd Troop of Horse Guards and 2nd Troop of Horse Grenadier Guards. In 1922, it was amalgamated with the 1st Life Guards to form The Life Guards.
Tianjin World Financial Center
The Tianjin Tower, or Jin Tower (Chinese: 津塔; pinyin: Jīntǎ), or Tianjin World Financial Center (Chinese: 天津环球金融中心; pinyin: Tiānjīn Huánqiú Jīnróng Zhōngxīn) is a modern supertall skyscraper located in the Heping District of Tianjin, China, on the banks of the Hai River. The mixed-use tower is 336.9 meters (1,105 ft) tall and contains 74 floors above ground and 4 below, with an observation deck at 305.2 meters (1,001 ft). The area of the glass unitized curtain wall, manufactured by Jangho Group, is 215,000 m2. It is notable as the first office building in Tianjin to be equipped with double decker elevators.

The skyscraper was topped-out on January 14, 2010 and opened in March 6, 2011.

The building is owned by Financial Street Holding, with JLL (company) as joint sales and leasing agents.

JLL (company)
Jones Lang LaSalle Incorporated (JLL)  is a global real estate services company headquartered in Chicago. The company has offices in 80 countries. It offers investment management services worldwide, including services to institutional and retail investors, and to high-net-worth individuals, as well as technology products through JLL Technologies, and venture capital investments through its PropTech fund, JLL Spark. The company is ranked 166 on the Fortune 500.
1970 Antrim Senior Hurling Championship
The 1970 Antrim Senior Hurling Championship was the 70th staging of the Antrim Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Antrim County Board in 1901.

St John's entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 1 November 1970 between Loughgiel Shamrocks and McQuillan Ballycastle, in what was their third meeting in the final overall. Loughgiel Shamrocks won the match by 8–09 to 4–08 to claim their 12th championship title overall and a first title in two years.

Antrim GAA
The Antrim County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (Irish: Cumann Lúthchleas Gael Coiste Chontae Aontroma) or Antrim GAA is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland, and is responsible for Gaelic games in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. The county board is also responsible for the Antrim county teams.

The county hurling team contested All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship (SHC) finals on two occasions: 1943 and 1989. The county football team contested All-Ireland Senior Football Championship (SFC) finals on two occasions: 1911 and 1912.

As of 2025, there were 51 clubs affiliated to Antrim GAA.
Robinson Ekspeditionen 2015
Robinson Ekspeditionen 2015 is the seventeenth season of the Danish reality television series Robinson Ekspeditionen. This season like the last consists of couples competing against each other in Caramoan, Philippines, to try to win 500,000 kr. for themselves while also trying to survive nature and their loved ones. The season premiered on 31 August 2015 and concluded on 23 November 2015 when Kenneth Mikkelsen won in the final challenge against Nicole Bech Hansen and Camilla Holm to win the grand prize and be crowned that year's Robinson winner.

Robinson Ekspeditionen
Robinson Ekspeditionen is a popular Danish reality television program debuting in 1998. In the spring of 1998 TV3 purchased the broadcast rights to air their own version of Expedition Robinson. Following the success of the Swedish version, Denmark was the first country to adopt their own version of the show. The show has proven to be a ratings success since its premiere in 1998.

The name alludes to both Robinson Crusoe and The Swiss Family Robinson, two stories featuring people marooned by shipwrecks.