hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
An Avonlea Christmas
An Avonlea Christmas (also known as Happy Christmas, Miss King) is a 1998 Canadian made-for-television Christmas film directed by Stefan Scaini and written by Raymond Storey.  A reunion special to the 1990–1996 television series Road to Avonlea, the story takes place against the backdrop of World War I as the King family prepares for Christmas Eve.

Christmas in popular culture
Christmas themes have long been an inspiration to artists and writers. A prominent aspect of Christian media, the topic first appeared in literature and in music. Filmmakers have picked up on this wealth of material, with both adaptations of Christmas novels, in the forms of Christmas films, Santa Claus films, and Christmas television specials.

It also includes animation, comics, and children's books, including A Charlie Brown Christmas, How the Grinch Stole Christmas!, and Frosty the Snowman.
Kurtuluş, Seyhan
Kurtuluş (Turkish pronunciation: [kuɾtulush]) is a neighbourhood (mahalle) in the municipality and district of Seyhan, Adana Province, Turkey. Its population is 11,444 (2022). The neighborhood is part of the downtown of Adana, situated south of the railway lines and east of the Adana Metro line.

Mahallah
A mahalla (Arabic: مَحَلَّة, romanized: maḥalla, also transliterated as mahallah, etc.) is an Arabic word that comes from the root ḥ-l-l (ح ل ل), and originally denoted a place where one makes a halt. It has been variously translated as district, quarter, ward, or neighborhood in many parts of the Arab world, the Balkans, West and Central Asia, the Indian subcontinent, and nearby nations. In the Maghreb, it referred to a military formation or campaign for tax collection in the service of the sultan and his makhzen.
Trefftz
Trefftz is a German surname.

It can refer to:

Erich Trefftz (1888–1937), German mathematician
Trefftz method, a method for the numerical solution of partial differential equations

Eleonore Trefftz (1920–2017), German physicist, Erich Trefftz's daughter
7266 Trefftz, a minor planet named after Eleonore Trefftz

Trefftz method
In mathematics, the Trefftz method is a method for the numerical solution of partial differential equations  named after the German mathematician Erich Trefftz (1888–1937). It falls within the class of finite element methods.
Illinois Tollway oasis
An Illinois Tollway oasis is a type of commercialized rest area sited over Interstate Highways that are part of the Illinois Tollway system in northern Illinois, United States. The four (formerly seven) oases offer food and gasoline vendors and are found in the Chicago Metropolitan Area, DeKalb, and Belvidere. Although the oases date back to the original tollway construction in 1958, they were redeveloped in 2003–2005 by Wilton Partners, a private developer. The redevelopment of the oases has been the focal point of alleged political corruption. The four oases are administered by a court-appointed manager following default of Wilton Partners.

DeKalb, Illinois
DeKalb (/dɪˈkælb/ dih-KALB) is a city in DeKalb County, Illinois, United States. The population was 40,290 at the 2020 census. The city is named after decorated Franconian-French war hero Johann de Kalb, who died during the American Revolutionary War.

Founded in 1856, DeKalb became important in the development and manufacture of barbed wire, especially for agriculture and raising livestock. While agricultural-related industries remain a facet of the city, along with health and services, the city's largest employer in the 21st century is Northern Illinois University, founded in 1895. DeKalb is about 65 miles (105 km) from downtown Chicago.
West Windsor-Plainsboro High School South
West Windsor-Plainsboro High School South (known locally as WW-P South or South) is a four-year comprehensive public high school located in the Princeton Junction section of West Windsor in Mercer County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, serving students in ninth through twelfth grades. The school is part of the West Windsor-Plainsboro Regional School District, a regional school district serving students from West Windsor and from Plainsboro Township (in Middlesex County). It is one of two high schools in the district, the other being West Windsor-Plainsboro High School North.

Students at High School South outperform other students in New Jersey on college admissions tests, scoring an average of 1351/1600 on the SAT compared to New Jersey students' average of 1080/1600. The school determines both unweighted and weighted GPAs for students and does not rank students with the exception of the top five in every graduating class.

Comprehensive high school
Comprehensive high schools are the most widely adopted form of public high schools around the world, designed to provide a well-rounded education to its students. The typical comprehensive high school offers more than one course program of specialization to its students. Comprehensive high schools generally offer a college preparatory course program and one or more foreign language, scientific or vocational course programs. Alternatively, in some educational systems examinations are used to sort students into different high schools for different populations. Other types of high schools specialize in university-preparatory school academic preparation, remedial instruction, or vocational instruction.
1980 Macanese legislative election
Legislative elections were held in Portuguese Macau on 28 September 1980, returning 17 members of the Legislative Assembly of Macau, with 6 directly elected by electorates, 6 indirectly elected by special interest groups and 5 appointed by the Governor.

This was the second election for the new legislature, and only those with Portuguese nationality or the descendants of Portuguese people were eligible to vote. The election saw six directly elected seats were all won by the Macau-born Portuguese. Susana Chou, the only Chinese elected through the Macau constituency last time, did not stay in the Legislative Assembly. Association for the Defense of Macau Interest (ADIM), led by conservative Carlos d'Assumpção, and Democratic Centre of Macau, led by radicals, both kept their respective four and one seat, with ADIM remained the largest party. Governor Nuno Viriato Tavares de Melo Egídio then appointed five other members to the Legislative Assembly.

Indirectly elected member
Some members in the Legislative Assembly of Macau are elected through indirect election (Portuguese: Sufrágio Indirecto; Chinese: 間接選舉), where only professional or special interest sectors are involved in the electoral process. Eligible voters in a functional constituency are designated legal entities such as organisations and corporations. There are proposals to change the electoral system.

Hong Kong's Legislative Council has a similar political system known as "functional constituency".
Oerlikon GDF
The Oerlikon GDF or Oerlikon 35 mm twin cannon is a towed anti-aircraft gun made by Oerlikon Contraves (renamed as Rheinmetall Air Defence AG following the merger with Rheinmetall in 2009). The system was originally designated 2 ZLA/353 ML but this was later changed to GDF-001. It was developed in the late 1950s and is used by around 30 countries.

Rheinmetall
Rheinmetall AG (German pronunciation: [ˈʁaɪnmeˌtal]) is a German automotive and arms manufacturer, headquartered in Düsseldorf, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. The group was promoted to the DAX, Germany's leading stock market index, in March 2023. It is the largest German and fifth-largest European arms manufacturer, and produces a variety of armored fighting vehicles and armored personnel carriers, in both wheeled and tracked versions, as well as warships through Blohm+Voss. It also manufactures artillery, air defense systems, anti-tank weapons and ammunition. Its name is derived from the German-language words Rhein and Metall, translating to "Rhine-metal" when combined.
Kobyla Kępa
Kobyla Kępa [kɔˈbɨla ˈkɛmpa] (German : Kobbelkampe, Kashubian : Kobëlô Kãpa) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sztutowo, within Nowy Dwór Gdański County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

Before 1772 the area was part of Kingdom of Poland, 1772-1919 Prussia and Germany, 1920-1939 Free City of Danzig, September 1939 - February 1945 Nazi Germany. For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

First Partition of Poland
The First Partition of Poland took place in 1772 as the first of three partitions that eventually ended the existence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth by 1795. The growth of power in the Russian Empire threatened the Kingdom of Prussia and the Habsburg monarchy and was the primary motive behind the First Partition.

Frederick the Great, King in Prussia, engineered the partition to prevent Austria, which was envious of Russian successes against the Ottoman Empire, from going to war. Territories in Poland–Lithuania were divided by its more powerful neighbours (Austria, Russia and Prussia) to restore the regional balance of power in Central Europe among those three countries.

With Poland unable to defend itself effectively and foreign troops already inside the country, the Polish Sejm ratified the partition in 1773 during the Partition Sejm, which was convened by the three powers.
Coleto Creek Reservoir
Coleto Creek Reservoir is a reservoir on Coleto Creek and Perdido Creek located in Fannin, Texas, 15 miles (24 km) southwest of Victoria, Texas.  The surface of the lake extends into Victoria and Goliad counties.  The reservoir was formed in 1980 by the construction of a dam by the Guadalupe-Blanco River Authority to provide a power station cooling pond for electric power generation.  Coleto Creek Reservoir is a venue for outdoor recreation, including fishing and boating.

Goliad County, Texas
Goliad County (/ˈɡoʊliæd/ GOH-lee-ad) is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 7,012. Its county seat is Goliad. The county is named for Father Miguel Hidalgo; "Goliad" is an anagram, minus the silent H. The county was created in 1836 and organized the next year.  Goliad County is a part of the Victoria metropolitan area.
HMS Erne
The Royal Navy has four vessels with the name HMS Erne; the name comes from the white-tailed eagle, also known as the erne.

The 20-gun sixth-rate post ship HMS Erne (1813), launched in 1813 and wrecked in 1819 on the Isle of Sal, Cape Verde.

The Albacore-class gunboat HMS Erne (1856) launched in 1856 and broken up in 1874.

The torpedo boat destroyer HMS Erne (1903) launched in 1903 and wrecked in 1915 at Rattray Head.

The sloop HMS Erne (U03) launched in 1939, renamed Wessex in 1952, and broken up in 1965.

HMS Erne (U03)
HMS Erne, pennant number U03, was a Black Swan-class sloop in the Royal Navy. She was laid down by Furness Shipbuilding at Haverton Hill-on-Tees, Co. Durham on 21 September 1939, launched on 5 August 1940 and commissioned on 3 April 1941. She was adopted by the district of Bootle, then in Lancashire, as part of Warship Week in 1942.

She took her name like others in her class from birds, in this case a white-tailed eagle, also known as the erne.
East Africa Christian Alliance
The East Africa Christian Alliance (EACA) is a fundamentalist organization and regional arm of the International Council of Christian Churches, set up in opposition to the All Africa Conference of Churches. The current chairman is Bishop Richard Kivai.

International Council of Christian Churches
The International Council of Christian Churches (abbreviation: ICCC) was founded on 12 August 1948 at the English Reformed Church, Amsterdam, as a fundamentalist Christian group of constituent national churches with opposition to the more liberal-leaning World Council of Churches.

One of the main leaders of the movement was Carl McIntire, a Presbyterian minister, who also founded a number of Bible colleges and the American Council of Christian Churches.
Porritt baronets
The Porritt Baronetcy, of Hampstead in the County of London, is in the Baronetcy of the United Kingdom and was created on January 25 1963 for Sir Arthur Porritt, former Governor-General of New Zealand, President of the Royal College of Surgeons and Surgeon Sergeant to Queen Elizabeth II. The 1st Baronet was later created a life peer as Baron Porritt, of Wanganui in New Zealand and of Hampstead in Greater London.

The baronetcy was one of the last to be created before 1991 (when Sir Denis Thatcher was created a baronet).

Denis Thatcher
Sir Denis Thatcher, 1st Baronet, MBE, TD, CStJ (10 May 1915 – 26 June 2003) was an English businessman and the husband of Margaret Thatcher, who served as the first female British prime minister from 1979 to 1990; thus, he became the first male prime ministerial spouse.

Thatcher was granted the Thatcher baronetcy in 1990, the only baronetcy created since 1964, and remains the most recent non-royal to have been awarded a hereditary title.
Fly fishing tackle
Fly fishing tackle comprises the fishing tackle or equipment typically used by fly anglers.  Fly fishing tackle includes:

Artificial flies - ultralight fishing lure used to imitate flying insects and small crustaceans

Fly rods - a specialized type of light fishing rod designed to cast fly line and artificial flies

Fly reels - a specialized type of fishing reel designed to hold fly line and supply drag if required to land heavy or fast fish.

Fly line - a specialized weighted fishing line that is designed to allow easy casting with a fly rod and interact with the water by either floating or sinking

Terminal tackle used to connect the fly line to the artificial fly

Accessories - tools, net, waders and apparel used by the fly angler for maintenance and preparation of tackle, dealing with the fish being caught, as well as personal comfort and safety while fly fishing. Includes fly boxes used to store and carry artificial flies.

Drag (physics)
In fluid dynamics, drag, sometimes referred to as fluid resistance, and also known as viscous force, is a force acting opposite to the direction of motion of any object moving with respect to a surrounding fluid. This can exist between two fluid layers, or between a fluid and a solid surface. Drag forces tend to decrease fluid velocity relative to the solid object in the fluid's path.

Unlike other resistive forces, drag force depends on velocity. Drag force is proportional to the relative velocity for low-speed flow and is proportional to the velocity squared for high-speed flow. This distinction between low and high-speed flow is measured by the Reynolds number.
David Seamon
David Seamon (born 14 April 1948) is an American geographer, phenomenologist, author and academic. Seamon in known for his work on the theory of architectural phenomenology, environmental phenomenology, and environmental design as placemaking. He is the editor of the Environmental and Architectural Phenomenology journal, published since 1990. Seamon is the author of several books in behavioral geography and place phenomenology including Life Takes Place: Phenomenology, Lifeworlds and Place Making (2018, Routledge) and A Geography of the Lifeworld: Movement, Rest and Encounter. Seamon has been Professor of Environment-Behavior and Place Studies at Kansas State University since 1993.

Behavioral geography
Behavioral geography is an approach to human geography that examines human behavior by separating it into different parts. In addition, behavioral geography is an ideology/approach in human geography that makes use of the methods and assumptions of behaviorism to determine the cognitive processes involved in an individual's perception of or response and reaction to their environment. Behavioral geographers focus on the cognitive processes underlying spatial reasoning, decision making, and behavior.

Behavioral geography is the branch of human science which deals with the study of cognitive processes with its response to its environment through behaviorism.
Eugen J. Pentiuc
Eugen Jenica Pentiuc (born on December 8, 1955) is an Orthodox biblical scholar, theologian, and Protopresbyter of the Ecumenical Throne . He serves as Archbishop Demetrios Professor of Biblical Studies and Christian Origins, Distinguished Professor of Old Testament and Semitic Languages at the Hellenic College Holy Cross Greek Orthodox School of Theology, Brookline, MA, USA, and as Dean of Holy Cross since January 1, 2024.

Demetrios of America
Archbishop Demetrios (Secular name: Demetrios Trakatellis; Greek: Δημήτριος Τρακατέλλης) (b. 1 February 1928) is former Geron Archbishop of the Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America and Exarch of the Atlantic and Pacific Ocean. He resigned from this position in 2019.
Perth Amboy Branch
Perth Amboy Branch could refer to several former railway lines:

the Central Railroad of New Jersey's Elizabethport and Perth Amboy Branch

Conrail's Chemical Coast Secondary, which incorporated the Central Railroad of New Jersey branch

the Lehigh Valley Railroad's Perth Amboy Branch

the United New Jersey Railroad and Canal Company's Perth Amboy and Woodbridge Branch

Chemical Coast
The Chemical Coast is a section of Union and Middlesex counties in New Jersey located along the shores of the Arthur Kill, across from Staten Island, New York. The name is taken from the Conrail Chemical Coast Line, an important component in the ExpressRail system serving marine terminals in the Port of New York and New Jersey.
Calacalí
Calacalí is a rural parish of Quito Canton, Pichincha Province, Ecuador. It is northwest of Casitagua Volcano and southwest of Pululagua Volcano.

In the central square of Calacalí there is an equator monument. A similar, larger equator monument is in Ciudad Mitad del Mundo.

Calacalí is the first village of the eastern end of a road known as Carretera Calacalí-La Independencia.

Pululahua
Pululahua is a dormant volcano in the north of Quito Canton, Pichincha Province, Ecuador. The volcano is in the Western Cordillera of the northern Ecuadorian Andes, approximately west-southwest of Mojanda and north of Casitahua volcanoes. Pululahua's caldera is approximately 5 km wide.The volcano is within an Ecuadorian national park known as Reserva Geobotánica Pululahua.
Llef
Llef (in English "A Cry") is a popular Welsh hymn, written by David Charles (1803-1880) (son of David Charles (1762–1834)). The tune was composed in 1890 by Griffith Hugh Jones (Bardic name Gutyn Arfon) (1849–1919) and was written in memory of his brother Dewi.

The meter is 8-8-8-8, and it is played in the keys of D minor and E minor. English texts also commonly sung to the tune include "Bow Down Thine Ear, O Lord, and Hear", "Glorying in the Cross of Christ" and "The Day of Wrath".

The hymn was included in the soundtrack for the 1941 John Ford drama film How Green Was My Valley.

D minor
D minor is a minor scale based on D, consisting of the pitches D, E, F, G, A, B♭, and C. Its key signature has one flat. Its relative major is F major and its parallel major is D major.

The D natural minor scale is:

Changes needed for the melodic and harmonic versions of the scale are written in with accidentals as necessary. The D harmonic minor and melodic minor scales are:
Nina Tangri
Nina Tangri ECO MPP is a Canadian politician who is Ontario's Associate Minister of Small Business. She previously served as the Associate Minister of Small Business and Red Tape Reduction from June 2021 until June 2022, and Associate Minister of Housing from March 2023 until September 2023. She was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario in the 2018 provincial election. She represents the riding of Mississauga—Streetsville as a member of the Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario.

Tangri previously ran as the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada candidate for Mississauga Centre in the 2000 federal election, as the Conservative Party of Canada candidate for Mississauga—Streetsville in the 2004 federal election, as the Ontario Progressive Conservative candidate for Mississauga West in the 2003 provincial election, and for Mississauga—Streetsville in the 2007 and 2014 provincial elections.

Mississauga West (provincial electoral district)
For the defunct federal electoral district, see Mississauga West

Mississauga West was a provincial electoral district in Ontario, Canada, that was represented in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1987 to 2007.

From 1987 to 1999 Mississauga West consisted of the part of the City of Mississauga between the Queen Elizabeth Way on the south, Eglinton Avenue on the north and Hurontario Street, Central Parkway and Cawthra Road on the east.

From 1999 to 2007 Mississauga West consisted of the part of the City of Mississauga lying of north of Dundas Street West west of the Credit River, the 403 and  the Erin Mills Parkway, south of the 401.

The electoral district was abolished in 2003 when it was re-distributed between Mississauga South, Mississauga—Erindale and Mississauga—Streetsville ridings.
Legacy and memory of the Iran–Iraq War
The Iran–Iraq War was fought for nearly eight years and left a lasting legacy on Iran and Iraq. The Battle of al-Qadisiyya was the engagement between the Arab-Muslim army and the Sāsānian Iranian army during the first period of Muslim expansion which resulted in the Arab-Muslim conquest of Iran. In the centuries following the battle, Qādisiyyah became enshrined in Muslim collective memory as a symbol of the successes of early Islamic history. Already during the period of the Crusades, Muslim leaders referred to Qādisiyyah as a point of reference to which they compared their own achievements. Academic studies of the narratives of Qādisiyyah and other early Islamic battles have revealed numerous topoi that make up a common schema of the Arab-Muslim conquests; the generation of these literary layers seems to have begun immediately, as story-tellers (quṣṣāṣ) embellished their narrative in order to create an entertaining story or to glorify past ancestors.

Literary topos
In classical Greek rhetoric, topos, pl. topoi, (from Ancient Greek: τόπος "place", elliptical for Ancient Greek: τόπος κοινός tópos koinós, 'common place'), in Latin locus (from locus communis), refers  to a method for developing arguments (see topoi in classical rhetoric).
SAMD9
Sterile alpha motif domain-containing protein 9 is a 1,589-amino-acid protein encoded by the SAMD9 gene. This cytoplasmic protein is a tumor suppressor that has a role in cell proliferation and the innate immune response to viral infection. Like its paralog, SAMD9-like (SAMD9L) protein, its N-terminus contains a sterile alpha motif (SAM).

Deleterious mutations of this gene cause normophosphatemic familial tumoral calcinosis (NFTC).  On the other hand, mutations that increase the activity of SAMD9 cause myelodysplasia, infection, restriction of growth, adrenal hypoplasia (small adrenal glands with diminished function), genital phenotypes, and enteropathy (MIRAGE) syndrome. This can lead to loss of chromosome 7 as described for monosomy 7 and myelodysplastic syndrome and leukemia syndrome-2 (M7MLS2). Loss of chromosome 7/7q may be an adaptation to a growth restriction inherent in SAMD9/9L mutant cells.

Viral disease
A viral disease (or viral infection) occurs when an organism's body is invaded by pathogenic viruses, and infectious virus particles (virions) attach to and enter susceptible cells.

Examples include the common cold, gastroenteritis, COVID-19, the flu, and rabies.