hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gaston Lane
Gaston Lane (31 January 1883 – 23 September 1914) was a French rugby union player. He was 1 m 68 cm tall and weighed 68 kg.

He played right wing three quarter (later centre) for Racing club de France and for the French national team; at first he also played for AS Bois-Colombes then for the Paris Cosmopolitan Club.

He played in the first French international and was capped ten times, along with Marcel Communeau.

He was a tradesman. He was killed on the front in Moselle at the start of the First World War.

He was an excellent club rugby player, and also occasionally contributed articles to Sporting.

Moselle (department)
Moselle (French pronunciation: [mɔzɛl] ⓘ) is the most populous department in Lorraine, in the northeast of France, and is named after the river Moselle, a tributary of the Rhine, which flows through the western part of the department. It had a population of 1,046,543 in 2019. Inhabitants of the department are known as Mosellans.
North Carolina Highway Patrol K-9 incident
On August 8, 2007, during a canine training exercise, North Carolina Highway Patrol Sgt. Charles L. Jones was video taped by cell phone hanging his assigned police dog by the neck and repeatedly kicking the dog in order for it to release a chew toy that was in the dog's mouth. Jones claimed he was following proper canine handling procedure.

The incident originally led to Jones being dismissed and North Carolina canceling its Highway Patrol K-9 program, but on November 22, 2010, a North Carolina Superior Court Judge ruled that Jones was improperly dismissed, and awarded Jones back salary and attorney fees.

Chew toy
A chew toy is an object designed to be chewed on by animals for stimulation and relief from boredom or discomfort. Chew toys can help relieve pain associated with teething, which is especially true for younger animals, such as puppies. There are several types of chew toys made from different materials, including rawhide, wood, paper, and mineral. Chew toys are commonly associated with dogs, but have also been effective with birds, rodents, and rabbits. Some parents give human infants a similar toy called a teether to help soothe inflamed gums during teething.
Belitsa, Sofia Province
42°30′38″N 23°53′23″E﻿ / ﻿42.51056°N 23.88972°E﻿ / 42.51056; 23.88972

Belitsa (Bulgarian: Белица) is a village (село) in southwestern Bulgaria, located in the Ihtiman Municipality of the Sofia Province.

Belitsa is placed in the western parts of the Sredna Gora mountain. The village was formed in 2001 with the unification of the villages Sredishtna (Средищна), Suevtsi (Суевци) and Grozdyovtsi (Гроздьовци). It is situated at 13 to the west of Poibrene on one of the roads between the capital Sofia and the town of Panagyurishte.

There is a monument to Vasil Ikonomov in the vicinity of the village.

Panagyurishte
Panagyurishte (Bulgarian: Панагюрище, also transliterated Panagjurište, pronounced [panɐˈɡʲuriʃtɛ]) is a town in Pazardzhik Province, Southern Bulgaria, situated in a small valley in the Sredna Gora mountains. It is 91 km east of Sofia, 43 km north of Pazardzhik. The town is the administrative center of the homonymous Panagyurishte Municipality. Panagyurishte is an important industrial and economic center, the hub of the Bulgarian optical industry and a major copper extraction and processing site. According to the 2021 census, it had a population of 15,275. Panagyurishte is a town of significant historical importance, being the center of the 1876 April Uprising against the Ottoman Empire. The renowned Thracian Panagyurishte Treasure was found near the town.
Štadión MUDr. Ivana Chodáka
Stadium MUDr. Ivan Chodák (Slovak: Štadión MUDr. Ivana Chodáka) is a football stadium in Dolný Kubín, Slovakia. It serves as home stadium for football club MFK Dolný Kubín. The stadium has a capacity of 5,000 of which 730 are seats. The stadium is named after Ivan Chodák, an athlete and physician from Dolný Kubín.

Dolný Kubín
Dolný Kubín (Slovak pronunciation: [ˈdɔlniː ˈkubiːn] ⓘ; also known by other names) is a town in northern Slovakia in the Žilina Region. It is the historical capital and the largest settlement of the Orava region.
Muringamangalam Sreemahadevar Temple
The Muringamangalam Sreemahadevar Temple, located at 1/2 km from Konni Junction, is more than 1000 years old.  It used to belong to the Pandalam Royal Family. It is the biggest temple east of Pathanamthitta and the biggest Siva temple in Pathanamthitta District. This temple is in the State of Kerala in the peninsular India. The main deity is Lord Shiva, facing east. Lords Ganapathi, Ayyappa, Nagas and Krishna are installed here. The temple of Lord Krishna is a recent addition, as it was after his presence was found in 'Devaprasnam', due to continuous Bhagavatha Sapthaham.

Pathanamthitta
Pathanamthitta (IPA: [pɐt̪ːɐnɐn̪d̪iʈːɐ]), is a Municipal Town in southern Kerala, India, spread over an area of 23.5 km2 (9.1 sq mi). It is the administrative capital of Pathanamthitta district. The town has a population of 37,538 (as of 2011 census). The Hindu pilgrim centre Sabarimala is situated in the Pathanamthitta district; as the main transport hub to Sabarimala, the town is known as the 'Pilgrim Capital of Kerala'. Pathanamthitta District, the thirteenth revenue district of the State of Kerala, was formed with effect from 1 November 1982, with headquarters at Pathanamthitta. Forest covers more than half of the total area of the District. Pathanamthitta District ranks the 7th in area in the State. The district has its borders with Allepey, Kottayam, Kollam and Idukki districts of Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Nearest town is Thiruvalla (largest town in Pathanamthitta District), located at a distance of 30 km. Thiruvalla railway station is 30 km via Thiruvalla-Kumbazha highway.
Academy of Canadian Cinema & Television
The Academy of Canadian Cinema & Television is a Canadian non-profit organization created in 1979 to recognize the achievements of the over 4,000 Canadian film industry and television industry professionals, most notably through the Canadian Screen Awards. The mandate of the Academy is to honour outstanding achievements; to heighten public awareness of and increase audience attendance of and appreciation of Canadian film and television productions; and to provide critically needed, high-quality professional development programs, conferences and publications.

Television in Canada
Television in Canada officially began with the sign-on of the nation's first television stations in Montreal and Toronto in 1952. As with most media in Canada, the television industry, and the television programming available in that country, are strongly influenced by media in the United States and the United Kingdom, perhaps to an extent not seen in any other major industrialized nation. As a result, the government institutes quotas for "Canadian content". Nonetheless, new content is often aimed at a broader North American audience, although the similarities may be less pronounced in the predominantly French-language province of Quebec.
2016 Winston-Salem Open – Singles
Kevin Anderson was the defending champion, but lost in the second round to Jiří Veselý.

Pablo Carreño Busta won his maiden ATP title, defeating Roberto Bautista Agut in the final, 6–7(6–8), 7–6(7–1), 6–4.

Kevin Anderson (tennis)
Kevin Michael Anderson (born 18 May 1986) is a South African former professional tennis player. He achieved his career-high Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) ranking of world No. 5 on 16 July 2018. He was the first South African to be ranked in the top 5 since Kevin Curren was No. 5 on 23 September 1985.

In February 2011, Anderson won his first ATP Tour title at the South African Open in his hometown of Johannesburg. Anderson reached his first major final at the 2017 US Open, where he lost to Rafael Nadal. In the 2018 Wimbledon semifinals, Anderson reached his second major final by defeating American John Isner in the second-longest match in the history of major tournaments, at 6 hours and 36 minutes (second only to the 2010 match between John Isner and Nicolas Mahut). He then lost to Novak Djokovic in the final. On 3 May 2022, Anderson retired at age 35, but he announced his comeback in July 2023.
Stalin's shooting lists
Stalin's shooting lists (Russian: Ста́линские расстре́льные спи́ски) were the lists of extrajudicially accused persons submitted to the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR, after the endorsement by Joseph Stalin and other members of the Politburo, for issuing a verdict, typically execution by shooting, either by an individual or a firing squad.

Official records put the total number of documented executions between 1937 and 1938 during the Soviet Great Purge at 681,692. Of these, around 44,000 had their sentences personally approved by Stalin or his closest aides, with Stalin's initials appearing on 357 of the lists.

The lists are currently held at the Archive of the President of the Russian Federation. They were published in March 2013.

Execution by shooting
Execution by shooting is a method of capital punishment in which a person is shot to death by one or more firearms. It is the most common method of execution worldwide, used in about 70 countries, with execution by firing squad being one particular form.

In most countries, execution by a firing squad has historically been considered a more honorable death and was used primarily for military personnel, though in some countries — among them Belarus, the only state in Europe today that has the death penalty — the single executioner shooting inherited from the Soviet past is still in use.
German submarine U-3040
German submarine U-3040 was a Type XXI U-boat (one of the "Elektroboote") of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine, built for service in World War II. She was ordered on 6 November 1943, and was laid down on 9 December 1944 at AG Weser, Bremen, as yard number 1199. She was launched on 10 February 1945, and commissioned under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Heinz Robbert on 8 March 1945.

AG Weser
Aktien-Gesellschaft "Weser" (abbreviated A.G. "Weser") was one of the major  German shipbuilding companies, located at the Weser River in Bremen. Founded in 1872 it was finally closed in 1983. All together, A.G. „Weser" built about 1,400 ships of different types, including many warships. A.G. „Weser" was the leading company in the Deutsche Schiff- und Maschinenbau AG, a cooperation of eight German shipbuilding companies between 1926 and 1945.
Geoff Petrie
Geoffrey Michael Petrie (born April 17, 1948) is an American former professional basketball player. A native of Pennsylvania, he played professional basketball in the National Basketball Association (NBA) for the Portland Trail Blazers where he won NBA Rookie of the Year in 1971. After retirement as a player he entered management, and was the President of Basketball Operations for the Sacramento Kings in the NBA until June 2013.

Basketball scorekeeping
Basketball scorekeeping is the practice of tracking the statistics of a basketball game throughout the duration of play. Points serve as the measure of scorekeeping, determining the ongoing score, and are accumulated by making field goals and free throws. The team with the most points when the game ends is declared the winner.
Westinghouse Playhouse
Westinghouse Playhouse is an American sitcom that aired from January to July 1961 on NBC. Starring Nanette Fabray, the series was also known as The Nanette Fabray Show and Westinghouse Playhouse Starring Nanette Fabray and Wendell Corey, and it ran under the title Yes, Yes Nanette in syndication.

Wendell Corey
Wendell Reid Corey (March 20, 1914 – November 8, 1968) was an American stage, film, and television actor. He was President of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences and a board member of the Screen Actors Guild, and also served on the Santa Monica City Council.
CoreaHancock
CoreaHancock is an acoustic live album by Chick Corea and Herbie Hancock. It was recorded over the course of several live performances in February 1978 and released in 1979. Corea has top billing on this album, as Hancock did for An Evening with Herbie Hancock & Chick Corea: In Concert, another recording of the same tour released on Hancock's label. The CD version heavily edits what was released on the final side of the vinyl version.

Hancock makes reference to Corea's albums Piano Improvisations Vol. 1 and Vol. 2 in his introduction of Corea on this album.

Piano Improvisations Vol. 2
Piano Improvisations Vol. 2 is a studio album (and second solo piano album) by jazz pianist Chick Corea, recorded over two days in April 1971 and released on ECM in March 1972. It was recorded at the same session as Piano Improvisations Vol. 1, released the previous year.
Arturo's Island (film)
L'isola di Arturo (internationally released as Arturo's Island) is a 1962 Italian drama film directed by Damiano Damiani. It is based on the novel with the same name written by Elsa Morante. The film won the Golden Shell at the San Sebastián International Film Festival.

Golden Shell
The Golden Shell (Spanish: Concha de Oro; Basque: Urrezko Maskorra) is the highest prize given to a competing film at the San Sebastián International Film Festival. It was introduced in 1957. In 1953 and 1954, the highest prize had been called the Gran Premio. In 1955 and 1956 it was replaced by the Silver Shell. Six directors have won the Golden Shell twice: American director Francis Ford Coppola (in 1969 & 1984), Spanish director Manuel Gutiérrez Aragón (in 1982 & 1986), Mexican director Arturo Ripstein (in 1993 & 2000), Spanish director Imanol Uribe (in 1994 & 1996), Iranian director Bahman Ghobadi (in 2004 & 2006), and Spanish director Isaki Lacuesta (in 2011 & 2018).
Platysace effusa
Platysace effusa is a species of flowering plant in the family Apiaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a tuberous, perennial herb or shrub with linear leaves and white flowers in a compound umbel.

Apiaceae
Apiaceae (/ˌeɪpiˈeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/ ⓘ), also called Umbelliferae, is a family of mostly aromatic flowering plants named after the type genus Apium, and commonly known as the celery, carrot, or parsley family, or simply as umbellifers. It is the 16th-largest family of flowering plants, with more than 3,800 species in about 446 genera, including such well-known, and economically important plants as ajwain, angelica, anise, asafoetida, caraway, carrot, celery, chervil, coriander, cumin, dill, fennel, lovage, cow parsley, parsley, parsnip and sea holly, as well as silphium, a plant whose exact identity is unclear and which may be extinct.

The family Apiaceae includes a significant number of phototoxic species, such as giant hogweed, and a smaller number of highly poisonous species, such as poison hemlock, water hemlock, spotted cowbane, fool's parsley, and various species of water dropwort.
Oliventine Portuguese
Oliventine Portuguese (also known as Portuguese from Olivença) is the dialectal variety of the Portuguese language natively spoken in the disputed municipalities of Olivença and Táliga, in Extremadura (Spain). Currently, the Portuguese of Olivença and Táliga is not recognized by Spain, which has administered this territory since the War of the Oranges in 1801. Portugal, however, does not recognize Spanish sovereignty over the region and claims it as its own.

As a result of two centuries of Spanish administration and isolation from Portugal, Oliventine Portuguese is now a dying language; only a few elderly people still use it and young people no longer speak it.  The dialect is no longer spoken in Táliga.

Portuguese ceased to be the language of most of the population after the 1940s, a process accelerated by the Hispanicization policy implemented by Francoist Spain.

Táliga
Táliga (Spanish: [ˈtaliɣa]) or Talega (Portuguese: [tɐˈlɛɣɐ]) is a Spanish town and municipality located near the border with Portugal, in the province of Badajoz, in the Spanish autonomous community of Extremadura. Portugal considers Táliga, as well as neighbouring Olivenza, a de jure part of the Portuguese concelho of Olivenza, occupied by Spain since 1801.

Under Portuguese administration, Táliga was a freguesia (parish) of the concelho (municipality) of Olivenza. It became an independent municipality in 1850, already under Spanish administration.
2017 Malaysia Cup final
The 2017 Malaysia Cup final was a football match which were played on 4 November 2017, to determine the champion of the 2017 Malaysia Cup. It was the final of the 91st edition of the Malaysia Cup, competition organised by the Football Association of Malaysia.

It was played at the Shah Alam Stadium, in Shah Alam, Selangor, between Kedah and Johor Darul Ta'zim. Johor Darul Ta'zim won the match 2–0 to secure their first title in this competition. The defending champions Kedah, have successfully reach the final for the third time in a row (2015, 2016, 2017). However, Kedah lost this year, for eight time in thirteen finals reached.

Football Association of Malaysia
The Football Association of Malaysia (commonly abbreviated as FAM; Malay: Persatuan Bola Sepak Malaysia) is the national governing body of football in Malaysia, headquartered at Wisma FAM. The FAM is also one of the founding members of both the ASEAN Football Federation (AFF) and the Asian Football Confederation (AFC). It has been affiliated with FIFA since 1954. The FAM oversees the organisation and development of football and advancing the game at all levels in Malaysia, and is responsible for all aspects of the amateur and professional game in its territory. This includes the men's, women's and youth national football teams as well as the Malaysian Amateur Football League and Malaysia Premier Futsal League.
Symphonic Prelude (Bruckner)
The Symphonisches Präludium (Symphonic Prelude) in C minor, WAB add 332, is an orchestral composition by Anton Bruckner or his entourage, composed in 1876. The work was discovered shortly after World War II. Heinrich Tschuppik, who found the orchestral score of the work in the estate of Bruckner's pupil Rudolf Krzyzanowski, attributed the authorship to Bruckner. Thirty years later, Mahler scholar Paul Banks, who knew only a four-stave reduction of the work, proposed that the work might be attributed to Mahler. While the exact circumstances of the composition of this Prelude have not been determined, it is certain to have been composed within the circle of Bruckner and his students at the Vienna Conservatory of Music. Based on the original orchestral score, it seems likely that the work was at least sketched by Bruckner, possibly as an exercise in orchestration for Krzyzanowski.

Vladimir Jurowski
Vladimir Mikhailovich Jurowski (Russian: Владимир Михайлович Юровский;(pronunciationⓘ) born 4 April 1972) is a Russian conductor resident in Germany. He is the son of conductor Michail Jurowski, and grandson of Soviet film music composer Vladimir Michailovich Jurowski.
Stock removal
Stock removal is the process of removing material (stock) from a workpiece. Stock removal processes include:

Machining

Milling

Turning

Drilling

Grinding

Filing

Broaching

Shaping

Planing

Sawing

Stock removal processes all fall under the umbrella of subtractive manufacturing, a more general term.

Drilling
Drilling is a cutting process where a drill bit is spun to cut a hole of circular cross-section in solid materials. The drill bit is usually a rotary cutting tool, often multi-point. The bit is pressed against the work-piece and rotated at rates from hundreds to thousands of revolutions per minute. This forces the cutting edge against the work-piece, cutting off chips (swarf) from the hole as it is drilled.

In rock drilling, the hole is usually not made through a circular cutting motion, though the bit is usually rotated. Instead, the hole is usually made by hammering a drill bit into the hole with quickly repeated short movements. The hammering action can be performed from outside the hole (top-hammer drill) or within the hole (down-the-hole drill, DTH). Drills used for horizontal drilling are called drifter drills.

In rare cases, specially-shaped bits are used to cut holes of non-circular cross-section; a square cross-section is possible.
Prichal (ISS module)
Prichal (Russian: Причал, lit. 'pier'), also known as the Uzlovoy Module (UM, Russian: узловой модуль, romanized: Uzlovoy Modul, lit. 'Node Module') is a Russian-built component of the International Space Station (ISS). This spherical module has six docking ports (forward, aft, port, starboard, zenith, and nadir) to provide additional docking ports for Soyuz and Progress spacecraft, as well as potential future modules.

Prichal was launched on 24 November 2021, at 13:06:35 UTC, atop a Soyuz-2.1b rocket and guided automously into the nadir port of the Nauka module by a Progress M-UM spacecraft modified into a space tug and attached to the Prichal's nadir port. Once in place, the Progress spacecraft disconnected for a destructive reentry. As of 2024, the forward, aft, port and starboard docking ports remain covered.

Prichal was initially intended to be an element of the now canceled Orbital Piloted Assembly and Experiment Complex (OPSEK).

Space tug
A space tug is a type of spacecraft used to transfer spaceborne cargo from one orbit to another orbit with different energy characteristics. The term can include expendable upper stages or spacecraft that are not necessarily a part of their launch vehicle. However, it can also refer to a spacecraft that transports payload already in space to another location in outer space, such as in the Space Transportation System concept. An example would be moving a spacecraft from a low Earth orbit (LEO) to a higher-energy orbit like a geostationary transfer orbit, a lunar transfer, or an escape trajectory.

The term is often used to refer to reusable, space-based vehicles. Some previously proposed or built space tugs include the NASA 1970s STS proposal or the proposed Russian Parom, and has sometimes been used to refer to expendable upper stages, such as Fregat, Spaceflight Industries Sherpa, and the Inertial Upper Stage, when such stages are optional.
History of graphic design
Graphic design is the practice of combining text with images and concepts, most often for advertisements, publications, or websites. The history of graphic design is frequently traced from the onset of moveable-type printing in the 15th century, yet earlier developments and technologies related to writing and printing can be considered as parts of the longer history of communication.

Daniel Hopfer
Daniel Hopfer (c. 1470 – 1536) was a German artist who is widely believed to have been the first to use etching in printmaking, at the end of the 15th century.  He also worked in woodcut. Although his etchings were widely ignored by art historians for years, more recent scholarship is crediting him and his work with "single-handedly establishing the salability of etchings" and introducing the print publisher business model.

Unlike most later prints, etched on copper plates, Hopfer's printed etching continued to use the iron plates he was used to working with in steel plate armour, the material he was trained in, and with which he continued to work.
Vérendrye stone
The Vérendrye stone was allegedly found on an early expedition into the territory west of the Great Lakes by the French Canadian explorer Pierre Gaultier de Varennes et de La Vérendrye, in the 1730s. It is not mentioned in the official records of La Vérendrye's expeditions,
but in 1749 he discussed it with visiting Swedish scientist Pehr Kalm, from whose writings virtually all information about the stone is taken.

Exploration
Exploration is the process of exploring, an activity which has some expectation of discovery. Organised exploration is largely a human activity, but exploratory activity is common to most organisms capable of directed locomotion and the ability to learn, and has been described in, amongst others, social insects foraging behaviour, where feedback from returning individuals affects the activity of other members of the group.