hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
BL 5-inch howitzer
The Ordnance BL 5-inch howitzer was initially introduced to provide the Royal Field Artillery with continuing explosive shell capability following the decision to concentrate on shrapnel for field guns in the 1890s.

Shrapnel shell
Shrapnel shells were anti-personnel artillery munitions that carried many individual bullets close to a target area and then ejected them to allow them to continue along the shell's trajectory and strike targets individually. They relied almost entirely on the shell's velocity for their lethality.

The munition has been obsolete since the end of World War I for anti-personnel use; high-explosive shells superseded it for that role. The functioning and principles behind shrapnel shells are fundamentally different from high-explosive shell fragmentation.

Shrapnel is named after Lieutenant-General Henry Shrapnel, a Royal Artillery officer, whose experiments, initially conducted on his own time and at his own expense, culminated in the design and development of a new type of artillery shell.

Usage of the term "shrapnel" has changed over time to also refer to fragmentation of the casing of shells and bombs, which is its most common modern usage and strays from the original meaning.
2016 Telangana local elections
Local elections were held in the Indian state of Telangana in 2016 for 3 municipal corporations and 3 municipalities.  Elections for Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation were held on 2 February 2016, Greater Warangal Municipal Corporation, Khammam Municipal Corporation and Achampet Municipality in March 2016, and Siddipet Municipality in April 2016.

Achampet, Nagarkurnool district
Achampet is a town and municipality in Nagarkurnool district of the Indian state of Telangana. The town is a revenue division headquarters. Achampet is located in the foothills of the Nallamala Forest.
1995 Brownlow Medal
The 1995 Brownlow Medal was the 68th year the award was presented to the player adjudged the fairest and best player during the Australian Football League (AFL) home-and-away season.

Paul Kelly of the Sydney Swans won the medal by polling twenty-one votes during the 1995 AFL season. For the first time, the State Government legalised betting on the Brownlow Medal, a move which concerned some due to the high potential for corruption. The pre-count favourites for the medal were Wayne Carey (3/1), Wayne Campbell (7/2), Peter Matera (10/1), James Hird and Craig Bradley (each 12/1). Eventual winner Paul Kelly was considered a 25/1 outside chance.

Wayne Campbell
Wayne Campbell (born 23 September 1972) is a retired Australian rules football player who was captain and four-time best-and-fairest for the Richmond Football Club in the AFL and was inducted into the Richmond Hall of Fame. Campbell was also twice-named an All-Australian. After retiring from playing at the end of 2005, Campbell went on to be an assistant coach and administrator with Richmond and a variety of other AFL clubs, and the AFL itself. He is currently the Head of the Sydney Swans football academy.
Grand Rapids, Newaygo and Lake Shore Railroad
The Grand Rapids, Newaygo and Lake Shore Railroad is a defunct railroad which operated in the state of Michigan between 1872 and 1881. The GRN&LS was chartered on September 11, 1869, under the leadership of David P. Clay. The company operated a 46-mile (74 km) line between Grand Rapids and White Cloud (where it joined the Chicago & Michigan Lake Shore). The initial segment, from Grand Rapids to Sparta, was completed on May 19, 1872. The line reached Newaygo on September 11, 1872; the first passenger train between the two towns ran the same day, to much fanfare from the local populace. On September 24, 1875, the line was extended over the Muskegon River to White Cloud. On September 30, 1881, it consolidated with other companies to form the Chicago & West Michigan. During its twelve years of independent existence the company sustained a net loss of $36,554.28.

Sparta, Michigan
Sparta is a village in Kent County in the U.S. state of Michigan.  The population was 4,244 at the 2020 census.  The village is located within Sparta Township.

Sparta is part of the Grand Rapids metropolitan area and is located about 10 miles (16 km) north of the city of Grand Rapids.
Pew Center for Arts & Heritage
The Pew Center for Arts & Heritage is a nonprofit grantmaking organization and knowledge-sharing hub for arts and culture in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, US established in 2005. In 2008, Paula Marincola was named the first executive director. The Center receives funding from The Pew Charitable Trusts and makes project grants in two areas, Performance and Exhibitions & Public Interpretation, as well as awarding grants to individual artists through Pew Fellowships. In 2021, the Center announced the introduction of Re:imagining Recovery grants to assist in COVID-19 recovery.

Grant (money)
A grant is a fund given by a person or organization, often a public body, charitable foundation, a specialised grant-making institution, or in some cases a business with a corporate social responsibility mission, to an individual or another entity, usually, a non-profit organisation, sometimes a business or a local government body, for a specific purpose linked to public benefit. A funding agreement is often used to reflect the funding and funded parties' understanding of the purpose for which the grant has been given. Unlike loans, grants are not intended to be paid back. Examples include student grants, research grants, the Sovereign Grant paid by the UK Treasury to the monarch, and some European Regional Development Fund payments in the European Union.
Privolzhye
Privolzhye (Russian: Приволжье) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Privolzhye, Samara Oblast, a selo in Privolzhsky District of Samara Oblast

Privolzhye, Tver Oblast, a village in Zubtsovskoye Rural Settlement of Zubtsovsky District of Tver Oblast

Privolzhye, Yaroslavl Oblast, a village in Lomovsky Rural Okrug of Rybinsky District of Yaroslavl Oblast

Rybinsky District, Yaroslavl Oblast
Rybinsky District  (Russian: Ры́бинский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia. It is located in the northwest of the oblast. The area of the district is 3,150 square kilometers (1,220 sq mi). Its administrative center is the city of Rybinsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 28,153 (2010 Census);  31,095 (2002 Census); 36,796 (1989 Soviet census).
Pavel Batov was born in Filisovo, a village in the district.
T-Ray (comics)
T-Ray is a supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character was created by Joe Kelly and Ed McGuiness. A mercenary soldier, he played an important role in the series Deadpool; T-Ray served to remind Wade Wilson, also known as Deadpool, what a failure he was. He is Deadpool's archenemy for many issues and almost everything that happened to Deadpool was a part of an elaborate plan orchestrated by him.

Archenemy
In literature, an archenemy (sometimes spelled as arch-enemy) or archnemesis is the main enemy of the protagonist—or sometimes, one of the other main characters—appearing as the most prominent and most-known enemy of the hero.
RAF Beachy Head
RAF Beachy Head is a former Royal Air Force radar station and one of the many Chain Home Low radar stations, being situated near Beachy Head and Eastbourne in East Sussex, England.  It featured a Type 16 radar that was monitored from RAF Kenley.

RAF Beachy Head saw much activity in the Second World War covering the area from Brighton to Hastings from ten miles out to sea, but began to decline in importance in the 1950s.

Beachy Head
Beachy Head is a chalk headland in East Sussex, England. It is situated close to Eastbourne, immediately east of the Seven Sisters.

Beachy Head is located within the administrative area of Eastbourne Borough Council which owns the land, forming part of the Eastbourne Downland Estate. The cliff is the highest chalk sea cliff in Britain, rising to 162 m (531 ft) above sea level. The peak allows views of the south east coast towards Dungeness in the east, and to the Isle of Wight in the west.

LB&SCR H2 class 4-4-2 steam locomotive number 424 (later B424, 2424, and 32424) was named Beachy Head after this landmark.
Nadbišec
Nadbišec (pronounced [ˈnaːdbiʃəts], in older sources Nadvišec, German: Nadwischetz) is a settlement in the Municipality of Lenart in northeastern Slovenia. It lies in the  southwestern part of the Slovene Hills (Slovene: Slovenske gorice) south of the valley of the Pesnica River. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included in the Drava Statistical Region.

A small chapel in the settlement dedicated to Saint Joseph was built in 1923.

Municipality of Lenart
The Municipality of Lenart (pronounced [ˈleːnaɾt]; Slovene: Občina Lenart) is a municipality in northeastern Slovenia. It has just over 11,000 inhabitants. It is considered the centre of the Slovene Hills (Slovene: Slovenske gorice). The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included in the Drava Statistical Region. The seat of the municipality is Lenart v Slovenskih Goricah.
Besenzone
Besenzone (Piacentino: Bsinson [bziŋˈsoŋ]) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Piacenza in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 120 kilometres (75 mi) northwest of Bologna and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) southeast of Piacenza.

Besenzone borders the following municipalities: Alseno, Busseto, Cortemaggiore, Fiorenzuola d'Arda, Villanova sull'Arda.

Emilian language
Emilian (Reggiano, Parmesan and Modenese: emigliân; Bolognese: emigliàn; Piacentino: emigliän; Italian: emiliano) is a Gallo-Italic unstandardised language spoken in the historical region of Emilia, which is now in the western part of Emilia-Romagna.

Emilian has a default word order of subject–verb–object and both grammatical gender (masculine and feminine) and grammatical number (singular and plural). There is a strong T–V distinction, which distinguishes varying levels of politeness, social distance, courtesy, familiarity or insult. The alphabet, largely adapted from the Italian (Tuscan) one, uses a considerable number of diacritics.
Borysławice
Borysławice [bɔrɨswaˈvit͡sɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Błaszki, within Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 2 km (1 mi) north of Błaszki, 24 km (15 mi) west of Sieradz, and 73 km (45 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź.

Sieradz County
Sieradz County (Polish: powiat sieradzki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Sieradz, which lies 54 kilometres (34 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź. The county contains three other towns: Złoczew, lying 23 km (14 mi) south-west of Sieradz, Warta, lying 14 km (9 mi) north-west of Sieradz, and Błaszki, 23 km (14 mi) west of Sieradz.

The county covers an area of 1,491.04 square kilometres (575.7 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 121,013, out of which the population of Sieradz is 44,045, that of Złoczew is 3,403, that of Warta is 3,388, that of Błaszki is 2,179, and the rural population is 67,998.
Southeast Collegiate Soccer Alliance
The Southeast Collegiate Soccer Alliance (SCSA), also referred to as NIRSA Region II, is a NIRSA-affiliated, structured, divisional play for men's and women's collegiate club soccer programs in the US which seek to qualify for the Region 2 Soccer Tournament which is a qualifier for the NIRSA National Soccer Championships. Region 2 Soccer consists of non-varsity club teams representing accredited colleges and universities from the following states: Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia. While NIRSA has had an official region 2 for soccer since 1995, the current SCSA wasn't created until 2010.

NIRSA National Soccer Championships
The NIRSA National Soccer Championships is an annual collegiate club competition organized by the National Intramural and Recreational Sports Association (NIRSA), deciding the competition winners through a round robin group stage to qualify for a single-elimination knockout format.

The tournament is unique because it is limited to teams representing a university on a non-varsity level. Due to collegiate clubs receiving little to no funding from the university they represent, their ability to travel is limited and why the tournament takes place over a single weekend; typically in late November to early December.
Maile Hayes
Maile Joy Hayes (born September 9, 2003) is an American professional soccer player who plays as a forward for Campeonato Nacional Feminino club Torreense. She played college soccer for the Texas A&M Aggies and the USC Trojans.

Taça de Portugal Feminina
The Taça de Portugal Feminina (english: Women's Cup of Portugal) is an annual association football competition and the premier knockout tournament in Portuguese female football. It was founded in 2003. For sponsorship reasons, it has been known as Taça de Portugal Feminina Allianz. It is disputed from the clubs from the Campeonato Nacional Feminino and the Campeonato Nacional II Divisão Feminino.

The winners dispute the Supertaça de Futebol Feminino against the first league winners.

1º de Dezembro were the first winners, in the 2003–04 season, and hold the record of most wins (7). SCU Torrense are the current holders (1st title) after beating S.L. Benfica 2–1 after extra time in the 2025 final.
Wakan, Oman
Wakan, Wukan or Wekan (Arabic: وكان, romanized: wkān) is a village in the wilayah of Nakhal in Oman. It lies on the slopes of the Wadi Mistal mountains at an altitude of approximately 1,500 metres (4,900 ft) above sea level in the Western Hajar Mountains, 140 kilometres (87 mi) from Muscat and 56 kilometres (35 mi) from Nakhal.

The village is known for its terraced gardens and orchards, where pomegranates, apricots, peaches and dates are grown. Unlike the majority of Oman, where the climate is hot and dry, the village enjoys mild temperatures in summer and cold winters, thanks to its altitude and location. A system of falaj runs through the village, carrying water from the top of the mountain to irrigate the fields.

Farming and tourism are the main sources of income for its inhabitants.

Geography of Oman
Oman is a country on the southeast coast of the Arabian Peninsula, situated in West Asia, bordering the Arabian Sea, Gulf of Oman, and Persian Gulf, between Yemen and the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The coast of Oman was an important part in the Omani empire and sultanate.
Illuminarium Experiences
Illuminarium Experiences is an American company that creates large-scale experiential entertainment in reprogrammable immersive theaters, called "Illuminariums", in cities around the world. The theaters host for-profit shows consisting of filmed, live, or streaming video—or computer-generated content—that is projected onto the theater walls and floors through various technologies, including 4K laser projection, Lidar-based movement sensors, beamforming sounds and sensory effects like digital scent technology.

4K resolution
4K resolution is a horizontal display resolution of approximately 4,000 pixels. For digital cinematography, it is 3996 × 2160 (DCI 4K), typically with a 16.65:9 (1.85:1) aspect ratio; for digital television, it is 3840 × 2160 (4K UHD), typically with a 16:9 (1.78:1) aspect ratio.

The 4K television market share increased as prices fell dramatically throughout 2013 and 2014.
Ark (web series)
Ark is a web series set on a mysterious bio-dome spaceship – the Ark. The two main characters, Connie and Daryl, explore the vacant ship trying to learn their fate. The show's episodes run from 3 to 9 minutes in length. Liz Shannon Miller of GigaOM said that Ark has the rare combination of a sci-fi series with great production values and great writing.

All nine episodes are now available on Hulu. In a 2009 interview, Gabe Sachs and Trey Stokes stated that they would like the opportunity to continue this as a web series.

Gigaom
Gigaom is a technology-focused analyst firm and media company. It was founded by Om Malik in San Francisco, California. In March 2015, it was shut down and in June 2015, its website and content were acquired by Knowingly and relaunched.
Tom Reynolds (soccer)
Tom D. Reynolds is an American retired soccer goalkeeper who played two seasons in the North American Soccer League, one in the Major Indoor Soccer League and at least four in the American Soccer League.

In 1977, Reynolds signed with the Dallas Tornado of the North American Soccer League.  He played five games that season, but none in 1978. Moving to the Los Angeles Aztecs for the 1978-1979 NASL Indoor season, he was released without having played any games. He then signed with the California Sunshine of the American Soccer League. He led the league with a 0.79 goals against average. He spent the 1980 season with the Sacramento Gold, ranking only behind Scott Manning in GAA.  Reynolds spent 1980 & 1981 with the Major Indoor Soccer League as a Keeper for the San Francisco Fog.  He then moved to the Pennsylvania Stoners for the 1981 ASL season.  That year, he again led the ASL in goalkeeping with a 0.89 GAA.  He played for the Stoners through at least 1982.

Los Angeles Aztecs
The Los Angeles Aztecs were an American professional soccer team based in Los Angeles, California, that existed from 1974 to 1981. The Aztecs competed in the North American Soccer League (NASL) from 1974 to 1981 as well as the 1975 NASL Indoor tournament, the 1979–80 and 1980–81 NASL Indoor seasons, and won the NASL Championship in 1974. During their eight years of existence, the Aztecs played at four different venues and were controlled by four different ownership groups. European soccer legends George Best and Johan Cruyff played for the team, and from 1975 to 1977 English singer Elton John was a part-owner.
Misty for Me
Misty for Me is an Irish champion Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare. She won three of her five starts as a two-year-old including the Group One Moyglare Stud Stakes and the Prix Marcel Boussac, the most important races for two-year-old fillies in Ireland and France respectively. She was named European Champion Two-year old Filly at the Cartier Racing Awards. As a three-year-old she finished unplaced in both the 1000 Guineas and The Oaks but won the Irish 1,000 Guineas and the Pretty Polly Stakes. In the latter race she defeated the leading British mare Midday by six lengths.

Moyglare Stud Stakes
The Moyglare Stud Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Ireland open to two-year-old thoroughbred fillies. It is run at the Curragh over a distance of 7 furlongs (1,408 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in late August or early September.
Page Airport
Page Airport (FAA LID: 9W2, formerly 67WA) is a public use airport located two nautical miles (3.7 km) south of the central business district of Walla Walla, a city in Walla Walla County, Washington, United States.

Walla Walla County, Washington
Walla Walla County (/ˌwɑːlə ˈwɑːlə/ WAH-lə WAH-lə) is a county located in the southeast of the U.S. state of Washington. As of the 2020 census, its population was 62,584. The county seat and most populous city is Walla Walla. The county was formed on April 25, 1854 and is named after the Walla Walla tribe of Native Americans.

Walla Walla County is included in the Walla Walla, WA Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of 2020, the Walla Walla MSA is the third smallest metropolitan area in the United States, after the Carson City, Nevada MSA and Eagle Pass, Texas MSA.
Md Anizam Ab Rahman
Md Anizam bin Ab Rahman is a Malaysian politician who has served as Member of the Kelantan State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Kemahang since November 1999 and currently serves as a Kelantan State Executive Councillor.

Kelantan State Executive Council
The Kelantan State Executive Council is the executive authority of the Government of Kelantan, Malaysia. The Council comprises the Menteri Besar, appointed by the Sultan on the basis that he is able to command a majority in the Kelantan State Legislative Assembly, a number of members made up of members of the Assembly, the State Secretary, the State Legal Adviser and the State Financial Officer.

This Council is similar in structure and role to the Cabinet of Malaysia, while being smaller in size. As federal and state responsibilities differ, there are a number of portfolios that differ between the federal and state governments.

Members of the Council are selected by the Menteri Besar, appointed by the Sultan. The Council has no ministry, but instead a number of committees; each committee will take care of certain state affairs, activities and departments. Members of the Council are always the chair of a committee.
PostRank
PostRank was a social media analytics service that used a proprietary ranking algorithm to measure "social engagement" with published content based on blog comments and links, Internet bookmarks, clicks, page views, and activities from social network services such as Twitter, Digg, Facebook and Myspace. In June 2011, PostRank was acquired by Google.

The company was formerly called AideRSS, Inc. In October 2008, AideRSS re-launched their website as postrank.com to focus the company's work on the core PostRank technology. In July 2009, the company officially changed its name to PostRank Inc.

Point and click
Point and click are one of the actions of a computer user moving a pointer to a certain location on a screen (pointing) and then pressing a button on a mouse or other pointing device (click). An example of point and click is in hypermedia, where users click on hyperlinks to navigate from document to document. User interfaces, for example graphical user interfaces, are sometimes described as "point-and-click interfaces", often to suggest that they are very easy to use, requiring that the user simply point to indicate their wishes. Describing software this way implies that the interface can be controlled solely through a pointing device with little or no input from the keyboard, as with many graphical user interfaces.

In some systems, such as Internet Explorer, moving the pointer over a link (or other GUI control) and waiting for a split-second will cause a tooltip to be displayed.
Pek van Andel
Menko Victor (Pek) van Andel, known as a ‘serendipitiologist', got his university degree in medical research in Groningen, where he developed, with the internationally known and inventive ophthalmologist Jan Worst, among other things, an artificial cornea as a treatment for blindness.

In 2000, Van Andel won the satirical Ig Nobel Prize for medicine (for ‘improbable research’ that makes people laugh and then think) for the iconoclastic and classic MRI scans of human sexual intercourse, published in the British Medical Journal and inspired by fMRI scans of the larynx of someone singing.

Van Andel was one of the first researchers to study and extract serendipity patterns for accidental unsought knowledge discovery. He published an influential paper titled 'Anatomy of the unsought finding' in the British Journal for the Philosophy of Science. In 2015 Van Andel gave a TEDx talk about that topic.

Cornea
The cornea is the transparent front part of the eyeball which covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber. Along with the anterior chamber and lens, the cornea refracts light, accounting for approximately two-thirds of the eye's total optical power. In humans, the refractive power of the cornea is approximately 43 dioptres. The cornea can be reshaped by surgical procedures such as LASIK.

While the cornea contributes most of the eye's focusing power, its focus is fixed. Accommodation (the refocusing of light to better view near objects) is accomplished by changing the geometry of the lens.  Medical terms related to the cornea often start with the prefix "kerat-" from the Greek word κέρας, horn.