hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2014 Virginia Cavaliers football team
The 2014 Virginia Cavaliers football team represented the University of Virginia in the 2014 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Cavaliers were led by fifth year head coach Mike London and played their home games at Scott Stadium. They were members of the Coastal Division of the Atlantic Coast Conference.

Coming off of their worst season in over thirty years, Virginia attempted to rebound to bowl eligibility for the first time since 2011. Despite starting 4–2 in the front half of the season, including an upset Louisville, the Cavaliers suffered five in-conference losses, culminating in a loss to Virginia Tech. The season was the fourth losing record in Mike London's season at Virginia; however, athletic director Craig Littlepage announced prior to the final game that London would return for the 2015 season. They would finish the season 5–7, 3–5 in ACC play to finish in a three way tie for fifth place in the Coastal Division.

2014 Louisville Cardinals football team
The 2014 Louisville Cardinals football team represented the University of Louisville in the 2014 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Cardinals were  led by head coach Bobby Petrino, who began his second stint at Louisville after eight years away, seven of which were spent as a head coach at other colleges and in the National Football League (NFL). The team played its 17th season at Papa John's Cardinal Stadium in Louisville, Kentucky. They were in their first season as members of the Atlantic Coast Conference, having replaced departed member Maryland in the Atlantic Division. They finished the season 9–4, 5–3 in ACC play to finish in third place in the Atlantic Division. They were invited to the Belk Bowl, where they lost to Georgia.
Friendship Annex
The Friendship Annex, also known as FANX or FANEX, is a National Security Agency (NSA) facility complex located in Linthicum, Maryland, near the Baltimore Washington International Airport (BWI). Established in the 1970s, the complex consists of multiple buildings and serves multiple roles as a cyber espionage station, electronic intelligence processing facility, and NSA Broadcast Network television studio. It is also the primary campus of the National Cryptologic School.

James Bamford
James Bamford (born September 15, 1946) is an American author, journalist and documentary producer noted for his writing about United States intelligence agencies, especially the National Security Agency (NSA). The New York Times has called him "the nation's premier journalist on the subject of the National Security Agency" and The New Yorker named him "the NSA's chief chronicler."

In 2006, he won the National Magazine Award for Reporting for his writing on the war in Iraq published in Rolling Stone.

In 2015 he became the national security columnist for Foreign Policy magazine and he also writes for The New Republic.  His book, The Shadow Factory: The Ultra-Secret NSA From 9/11 to the Eavesdropping on America, became a New York Times bestseller and was named by The Washington Post as one of "The Best Books of the Year."
Jeremy's Run
Jeremy's Run is a stream in Page County, Virginia.

Jeremy's Run originates from rainwater flowing down the west slope of Elkwallow Gap in the Blue Ridge Mountains.  Elkwallow Gap is a topographical saddle that divides Neighbor Mountain and Hogback Mountain, situated in Shenandoah National Park.  Jeremy's Run flows southwest from the gap, to the Great Appalachian Valley.

Page County, Virginia
Page County is located in the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 23,709. Its county seat is Luray.  Page County was formed in 1831 from Shenandoah and Rockingham counties and was named for John Page, Governor of Virginia from 1802 to 1805.
Craig Balme
Craig Balme (born 5 March 1961) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Richmond in the Victorian Football League (VFL) and Norwood in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL).

Balme, who started out at Richmond in the under 19s, made three senior appearances for Richmond, from rounds three to five in the 1983 VFL season. He then joined Norwood, coached by his brother Neil. From 1984 to 1995, Balme played 254 SANFL games for Norwood. He was a full-back in the club's 1984 premiership team and memorably clashed with opposition full-forward Tim Evans in the grand final win over Port Adelaide, before the first bounce.

Norwood Football Club
The Norwood Football Club, nicknamed the Redlegs, is an Australian rules football club competing in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL). Its home ground is Coopers Stadium (Norwood Oval), which is often referred to as "The Parade". It is one of the two traditional powerhouse clubs of the SANFL, the other being Port Adelaide, who together have won half of all SANFL premierships (see Port Adelaide–Norwood SANFL rivalry). The club has won 31 SANFL premierships and 1 SANFLW premiership.
Boykov
Boykov or Boikov (Cyrillic: Бойков) is a Russian and Bulgarian masculine surname originating from the root boi, meaning fight or its adjectives like boikii (bold, quick); its feminine counterpart is Boykova or Boikova. Notable people with the surname include:

Alexandre Boikov (born 1975), Russian ice hockey defenseman

Alexander Boikov (born 1975), Russian ice hockey forward

Aleksandra Boikova (born 2002), Russian pair skater

Nikolay Boykov (born 1968), Bulgarian writer

Sergei Boikov (born 1996), Russian ice hockey defenceman

Viktoria Boykova (born 1989), Russian wheelchair fencer

Vladimir Boykov (born 1976), Russian footballer

Nikolay Boykov
Nikolay Boykov (Bulgarian: Николай Бойков) is a contemporary Bulgarian writer and literary translator from Hungary.

He was born on 26 January 1968 in Vidin, Bulgaria. In 1985, he graduated the Mathematical High School in Vidin and was accepted to study computer science in Sofia University. Later, after studying polytechnics for two semesters in Hungary, he moved to study Hungarian philology in the University of Debrecen, which he graduated in 1994.

From 1998 to 2005 he taught Hungarian language and literature in Sofia University.
Japanese warship Shinsoku
Shinsoku (神速; Godspeed) was an early Japanese warship and steam transport that saw its main use in the Boshin War on the Shogunate side under the command of Enomoto Takeaki, vice-commander of the Shogunate Navy.

She was originally built in the United States, where she was named Meteor.

During the Battle of Hakodate, Shinsoku was deployed as part of the Shogunate force. When the frigate Kaiyō Maru sank in a tempest off the coast of Esashi, Hokkaido, Shinsoku attempted to help rescue the survivors. However, it too capsized and sank, dealing a devastating blow to the Shogunate forces.

Esashi, Hokkaido (Hiyama)
Esashi (江差町, Esashi-chō) is a town in Hiyama Subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan. It is the capital of Hiyama Subprefecture.

One of the oldest towns in Hokkaido, the name Esashi comes from the Ainu word for kombu, a type of edible kelp well known in Japan. It is the birthplace of a folk music tradition called Esashi oiwake.
Vanna Kanavugal
Vanna Kanavugal (transl. Colourful Dreams) is a 1987 Indian Tamil-language film directed by Ameerjan and produced by Kavithalayaa Productions. The film stars Karthik, Murali, and Jayashree. It is a remake of the 1984 Malayalam film Adiyozhukkukal. The film, which notably features no songs, was released on 9 July 1987 and became a commercial success.

Jayashree (Tamil actress)
Jayashree is an Indian actress who has mostly worked in Tamil-language films. She was introduced by film director C. V. Sridhar in Thendrale Ennai Thodu, opposite Mohan, in 1985. She started a career in technology in 2000, taking a break from acting after her marriage.
David TC Davies
David Thomas Charles Davies (born 27 July 1970) is a British politician who was Secretary of State for Wales from 2022 to 2024. He was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Monmouth from 2005 to 2024. A member of the Conservative Party, he chaired the Welsh Affairs Select Committee from 2010 to 2019. Davies also served as Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Wales from 2019 to 2022, and as Member of the Welsh Assembly (AM) for Monmouth from 1999 to 2007.

A vocal critic of the European Union, he supported Brexit in the 2016 membership referendum. Having previously questioned the scientific evidence for the role of human factors in global warming, Davies said in 2019 that he supported the UK government's intention to become carbon neutral by 2050 and that he fully accepted the link between carbon dioxide and climate change.

Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Wales
The Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Wales (Welsh: Is-ysgrifennydd Gwladol Seneddol Cymru), often referred to simply as the Welsh Office Minister, is a junior ministerial post (of Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State rank) in the Government of the United Kingdom, supporting the Secretary of State for Wales.
Telephone numbers in Brazil
The Brazilian telephone numbering plan uses a two-digit area code and eight-digit local phone numbers for landlines and nine digits for mobile lines. Public utility services use short phone numbers (usually three digits), always starting with 1.

Collect call
A collect call in Canada and the United States, known as a reverse charge call in other parts of the English-speaking world, is a telephone call in which the calling party wants to place a call at the called party's expense.

Collect calls were originally only possible as an operator-assisted call, but with the introduction of computer-based telephone dialing equipment, it became possible to place a collect call without using an operator. Automated reverse charge dialing eliminated a service that could be provided, at a higher fee, only on operator-assisted connections: the person-to-person call, in which there is no charge unless a designated person is available.

In the US, while Mother's Day is the holiday with the highest number of phone calls, the day with the most collect calls is Father's Day.
People's Armed Police Band
The People's Armed Police Band (Chinese: 人民武装警察乐队) is the sole military music unit of the Chinese People's Armed Police (PAP) and one of the four premier military bands in the People's Republic of China. It is currently under the command of the Central Military Commission's Political Work Department and the Political Department of the PAP. It is the sole police band operating in mainland China and it represents the PAP and the Ministry of Public Security at state events.

Founded in 1986, the Band is notable for its responsibility of the monthly performance of March of the Volunteers at the national flagpole at Tiananmen Square, during a flag raising ceremony which is done with the Beijing Garrison Honor Guard Battalion and formerly with the PAP Honour Guard Battalion.

People's Liberation Army Honor Guard Battalion
The People's Liberation Army Honor Guard Battalion (Chinese: 中国人民解放军仪仗队营) is the official ceremonial honour guard and specialised unit of the People's Liberation Army (PLA). It is composed of representatives of the People's Liberation Army Ground Force, Navy, and Air Force. Male soldiers in the battalion must be at least 180 cm tall, while females must be at least 173 cm tall.  This honor guard battalion, while reporting directly to the Central Military Commission, falls under the operational control of the Central Theater Command. During parades, the battalion is led by a color guard detail bearing the PLA flag, a tradition which began in 1981.
Wisconsin in the American Civil War
During the American Civil War, the state of Wisconsin raised 91,379 soldiers for the Union Army, organized into 53 infantry regiments, 4 cavalry regiments, a company of Berdan's sharpshooters, 13 light artillery batteries and 1 unit of heavy artillery. 3,794 were killed in action or mortally wounded, 8,022 died of disease, and 400 were killed in accidents. The total mortality was 12,216 men, about 13.4 percent of total enlistments.

Most of the Wisconsin troops served in the Western Theater, although several regiments served in Eastern armies, including three regiments within the famed Iron Brigade.

Hiram Berdan
Hiram Berdan (September 6, 1824 – March 31, 1893) was an American engineer, inventor, military officer, marksman, and guiding force behind and commanding colonel of the United States Volunteer Sharpshooter Regiments during the American Civil War. He was the inventor of the Berdan rifle, the Berdan centerfire primer and other weapons and accessories.
Honey, Do You Love Me, Huh?
"Honey, Do You Love Me, Huh?" is a novelty song written by Hank Williams and Curley Williams. Curley is best known for writing Hank's smash "Half as Much" but the pair also collaborated on songs, including Honey, Do You Love Me, Huh?" and "No, Not Now." Curley Williams recorded both compositions for Columbia. In the late 1940s, a demo of the two singing the song was recorded in Shreveport.

Curley Williams
Curley Williams (b. Dock Williams, June 3, 1914 – d. September 5, 1970) was an American country and western musician and songwriter from Georgia. His best-known song is "Half As Much". He was admitted to the Atlanta Country Music Hall of Fame in 1999.
Wen Wu Ding
Wen Wu Ding (Chinese: 文武丁) or Wen Ding (文丁) or Tai Ding (太丁), personal name Zi Tuo (子托, Zǐ Tuō), was a king of the Shang dynasty of Ancient China. His reign was from 1116 to 1106 BC according to the Cambridge History of China or 1112 to 1102/1 BC according to the Xia–Shang–Zhou Chronology Project.

Xia–Shang–Zhou Chronology Project
The Xia–Shang–Zhou Chronology Project (Chinese: 夏商周断代工程; pinyin: Xià Shāng Zhōu Duàndài Gōngchéng) was a multi-disciplinary project commissioned by the People's Republic of China in 1996 to determine with accuracy the location and time frame of the Xia, Shang, and Zhou dynasties.

The project was directed by professor Li Xueqin of Tsinghua University in Beijing, and involved around 200 experts. It used radiocarbon dating, archaeological dating methods, historical textual analysis, astronomy, and other methods to achieve greater temporal and geographic accuracy. Preliminary results were released in November 2000 and the final report was published in June 2022. Among other findings, it dated the beginning of the Xia to c. 2070 BCE, the Shang to c. 1600 BCE, and the Zhou to c. 1046 BCE. However, some scholars have disputed several of the project's methods and conclusions.
Poland in the Eurovision Song Contest 2003
Poland was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2003 with the song "Keine Grenzen – Żadnych granic", written by André Franke, Joachim Horn-Bernges, Michał Wiśniewski, and Jacek Łągwa, and performed by the band Ich Troje. The Polish participating broadcaster, Telewizja Polska (TVP), organised the national final Krajowe Eliminacje do Konkursu Piosenki Eurowizji 2003 in order to select its entry for the contest. The broadcaster returned to the contest after a one-year absence following its relegation in 2002 as one of the bottom six entrants in 2001. The national final took place on 25 January 2003 and featured fourteen entries. "Keine Grenzen – Żadnych granic" performed by Ich Troje was selected as the winner after gaining 31.8% of the public vote.

Poland competed in the Eurovision Song Contest which took place on 24 May 2003. Performing during the show in position 20, Poland placed seventh out of the 26 participating countries, scoring 90 points.

Jacek Łągwa
Jacek Andrzej Łągwa (born 11 October 1969 in Łódź, Poland) is a Polish musician, composer, actor and vocalist of the famous Polish band Ich Troje.

His parents are actors Janina Borońska and Andrzej Łągwa. As an actor he played a role of Zbigniew in 1978 movie Pogrzeb świerszcza. As a composer he created and performed soundtracks to such movies as Godzina (1991), Gwiazdor (2002) and Lawstorant (2005).

He finished a singing form of the secondary musical school in Łódź.

He used to play in Polish bands Tamerlane and Varius Manx.

In 2007 divorced his wife Dorota with whom he has two daughters.
Samuel Landon House
Samuel Landon House, also known as the Thomas Moore House, is a historic home located in Southold in Suffolk County, New York. It is an L-shaped, 1+1⁄2-story, five-bay, New England Colonial–style residence with a central fireplace and a cross-gabled roof.  It is part of a museum complex operated by the Southold Historical Society.  In 2019, Southold Historical Society installed a permanent exhibition titled "Slavery in Southold" in the Samuel Landon House.  Five enslaved people lived in the house circa 1760.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.

Southold, New York
The Town of Southold is one of ten towns in Suffolk County, New York, United States. It is located in the northeastern tip of the county, on the North Fork of Long Island. The population was 23,732 at the 2020 census. The town contains a hamlet,  also named Southold, which was settled in 1640.
Beauty and the Rogue
Beauty and the Rogue is a 1918 American silent comedy crime drama film directed by Henry King and starring Mary Miles Minter. It was filmed under the working title of "Mademoiselle Tiptoe," based on a story by Arthur Berthelet and adapted for the screen by Elizabeth Mahoney, who was the screenwriter for many of Minter's Mutual Film features. As with many of Minter's features, it is thought to be a lost film.

Mutual Film
Mutual Film Corporation was an early American film conglomerate that produced some of Charlie Chaplin's greatest comedies. Founded in 1912, it was absorbed by Film Booking Offices of America, which evolved into RKO Pictures.
Donyarth
Donyarth (Latin: Doniert) or Dungarth (died 875) was the last recorded king of Cornwall. He was probably an under-king, paying tribute to the West Saxons.

He is thought to be the 'Doniert' recorded on an inscription on King Doniert's Stone, a 9th-century cross shaft which stands in St Cleer parish in Cornwall, although he is not given any title in the inscription.

According to the Annales Cambriae, he drowned in 875. His death may have been an accident, but it was recorded in Ireland as a punishment for collaboration with the Vikings, who were harrying the West Saxons and briefly occupied Exeter in 876 before being driven out by Alfred the Great following the victory of Odda, Ealdorman of Devon at the Battle of Cynwit in 878. Philip Payton states that one must imagine that he drowned in the River Fowey, near King Doniert's Stone.

Odda, Ealdorman of Devon
Odda, also known as Oddune, was a ninth-century ealdorman of Devon. He is known for his victory at the Battle of Cynwit in 878, where his West Saxon forces defeated a Viking army led by Ubba, brother of the Viking chiefs Ivar the Boneless and Halfdan Ragnarsson.
Rosedale station (Toronto)
Rosedale is a station on Line 1 Yonge–University of the Toronto subway. It is located on the east side of Yonge Street at Crescent Road.

Despite its proximity to downtown Toronto, Rosedale is one of the least-used stations in the subway system, averaging 4,875 daily riders between 2023 and 2024. This low ridership is largely due to a lack of high-volume bus routes connecting to the station, coupled with the nearby Rosedale neighbourhood's sparse population and lack of major attractions.

There is only one entrance to the station, the entrance acts as the concourse, and the subway platforms are directly below. Wi-Fi service is available at this station.

As of 2022, construction had started to install two elevators to make Rosedale station accessible. The elevators connect the street-level concourse to each of the north- and southbound platforms. The elevators were put into service in early October 2025, with minor work planned to continue into the first quarter of 2026.

Toronto subway
The Toronto subway is a rapid transit system serving Toronto and the neighbouring city of Vaughan in Ontario, Canada. It is operated by the Toronto Transit Commission (TTC), an agency of the City of Toronto. The system is a rail network consisting of five lines: Line 1 Yonge–University, Line 2 Bloor–Danforth, Line 4 Sheppard, Line 5 Eglinton, and Line 6 Finch West.

In 1954, the TTC opened Canada's first underground rail line, then known as the "Yonge subway" and now part of Line 1, under Yonge Street between Union Station and Eglinton Avenue with 12 stations. As of 2026, the network encompasses 109 stations and 99.4 kilometres (61.8 mi) of route. In 2024, the system had a ridership of 331,789,000, or about 1,079,700 per weekday as of the third quarter of 2025, making it the busiest rapid transit system in Canada in terms of daily ridership. As of February 2026, there are 21 stations under construction as part of one new line (the Ontario Line) and two extensions to existing lines.
Homatropine methylbromide
Homatropine methylbromide (INN; also known as methylhomatropine bromide) is a quaternary ammonium salt of methylhomatropine. It is a peripherally acting anticholinergic medication that inhibits muscarinic acetylcholine receptors and thus the parasympathetic nervous system.  It does not cross the blood–brain barrier. It is used to effectively relieve intestinal spasms and abdominal cramps, without producing the adverse effects of less specific anticholinergics.
It is used, in addition to papaverine, as a component of mild drugs that help "flush" the bile.

Certain preparations of drugs such as hydrocodone are mixed with a small, sub-therapeutic amount of homatropine methylbromide to discourage intentional overdose.

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) are acetylcholine receptors that form G protein-coupled receptor complexes in the cell membranes of certain neurons and other cells. They play several roles, including acting as the main end-receptor stimulated by acetylcholine released from postganglionic fibers. They are mainly found in the parasympathetic nervous system, but also have a role in the sympathetic nervous system in the control of sweat glands.

Muscarinic receptors are so named because they are more sensitive to muscarine than to nicotine. Their counterparts are nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), receptor ion channels that are also important in the autonomic nervous system. Many drugs and other substances (for example pilocarpine and scopolamine) manipulate these two distinct receptors by acting as selective agonists or antagonists.
Stanford Samuels Jr.
Stanford Samuels Jr  (born July 27, 1980) is an American former professional football cornerback and current recruiting coordinator for Louisville Cardinals football. He was originally signed as an undrafted free agent by the Indianapolis Colts in 2004. He played college football for Florida State.

Samuels also played for the Edmonton Eskimos, Winnipeg Blue Bombers, and Montreal Alouettes.

Louisville Cardinals football
The Louisville Cardinals football team represents the University of Louisville in the sport of American football. The Cardinals compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and compete in the Atlantic Coast Conference.
Robert Edelstein
Robert H. Edelstein is an American economist, currently the professor emeritus, Maurice Mann Chair in Real Estate at Haas School of Business, University of California at Berkeley.  He graduated from Harvard University.

Haas School of Business
The Haas School of Business (branded as Berkeley Haas) is the business school of the University of California, Berkeley, a public research university in Berkeley, California. It was the first business school at a public university in the United States.

Named after Walter A. Haas, the school is housed in four buildings surrounding a central courtyard on the southeastern corner of the Berkeley campus, where both undergraduate and graduate students attend classes. Its resident startup incubator, Berkeley SkyDeck, is located west of campus in downtown Berkeley. Notable faculty include former chairs of the Federal Reserve and the Council of Economic Advisors, Nobel laureates in economics, the secretary of the treasury, the chief economist of Google, and more.