hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ada Ciganlija
Ada Ciganlija (Serbian Cyrillic: Ада Циганлија, pronounced [ˈǎːda tsiˈɡǎnlija]), colloquially shortened to Ada, is a river island that has artificially been turned into a peninsula, located in the Sava River's course through central Belgrade, Serbia. The name can also refer to the adjoining artificial Lake Sava and its beach. To take advantage of its central location, over the past few decades, it was turned into an immensely popular recreational zone, most notable for its beaches and sports facilities, which, during summer seasons, can have over 100,000 visitors daily and up to 300,000 visitors over the weekend. Owing to this popularity, Ada Ciganlija has been commonly nicknamed "More Beograda" ('Belgrade's Sea'), which was officially accepted as an advertising slogan in 2008, stylised as More BeogrADA.

River island
A river island is any exposed landmass surrounded by river water. Properly defined, it excludes shoals between seasonally varying flows and may exclude semi-coastal islands in river deltas such as Marajó.

These islands result from changes in the course of a river. Such changes may be caused by interactions with a tributary, or by the opposing fluvial actions of deposition and/or erosion that form a natural cut and meander. Nascent vegetation-free shoals and mudflats may dissipate and shift or build up into such islands through deposition; the process may be assisted through artificial reinforcement or natural factors, such as reeds, palms, evergreen trees or willows, that act as obstacles or erosion barriers, so that water flows around them. Islands may be small or large, covering many square kilometers, examples of which are given below.
Feodor Chaliapin
Feodor Ivanovich Chaliapin (Russian: Фёдор Ива́нович Шаля́пин, romanized: Fyodor Ivanovich Shalyapin, IPA: [ˈfʲɵdər ɨˈvanəvʲɪtɕ ʂɐˈlʲapʲɪn]; 13 February [O.S. 1 February] 1873 – 12 April 1938) was a Russian opera singer. Possessing a deep and expressive bass voice, he enjoyed an important international career at major opera houses and is often credited with establishing the tradition of naturalistic acting in his chosen art form.

Mephistopheles
Mephistopheles (/ˌmɛfɪˈstɒfɪliːz/ MEF-ist-OF-il-eez, German: [mefɪˈstoːfəlɛs] ⓘ), also known as Mephostophilis or Mephisto, is a demon featured in German folklore, originating as the chief devil in the Faust legend. He has since become a stock character appearing in other works of arts and popular culture. Mephistopheles never became an integral part of traditional magic.
Government Museum, Pudukkottai
10°23′20″N 78°47′59″E﻿ / ﻿10.389013°N 78.799667°E﻿ / 10.389013; 78.799667
This Government Museum is a museum located in the town of Pudukkottai of Pudukkottai District. This is the second largest museum of Tamil Nadu after Government Museum, Chennai. The museum is divided into sections covering zoology, geology, paintings, anthropology, epigraphy. Rare ancient stone and Bronze sculptures are also found here.

Pudukkottai district
Pudukkottai district is one of the 38 districts of Tamil Nadu state in southern India. The city of Pudukkottai is the district headquarters. It is also known colloquially as Pudhugai. The city is also known as Thondaiman Pudukkottai.

Pudukkottai district is bounded on the northeast and east by Thanjavur District, on the southeast by the Palk Strait, on the southwest by Ramanathapuram and Sivaganga districts, and on the west and northwest by Tiruchirapalli District. As of 2011, the district had a population of 1,618,345 with a sex-ratio of 1,015 females for every 1,000 males.

The district has an area of 4,663 km2 with a coastline of 42 km. The district lies between 78° 25' and 79° 15' east longitude and between 9° 50' and 10° 40' of the north latitude.
5.11 Tactical
5.11 Tactical (pronounced "five eleven tactical") is an American apparel brand of outdoor clothing, footwear, uniforms and tactical equipment, primarily targeting the market of military, law enforcement and public safety personnel. The company is based in Irvine, California, and operates a chain of retail stores with over 100 locations as of August 2023.

Military tactics
Military tactics encompasses the art of organizing and employing fighting forces on or near the battlefield. They involve the application of four battlefield functions which are closely related – kinetic or firepower, mobility, protection or security, and shock action. Tactics are a separate function from command and control and logistics. In contemporary military science, tactics are the lowest of three levels of warfighting, the higher levels being the strategic and operational levels. Throughout history, there has been a shifting balance between the four tactical functions, generally based on the application of military technology, which has led to one or more of the tactical functions being dominant for a period of time, usually accompanied by the dominance of an associated fighting arm deployed on the battlefield, such as infantry, artillery, cavalry or tanks.
John Morley (Rector of Lincoln College, Oxford)
John Tatham, DD (Lincoln, 26 February 1670 – Oxford, 11 June 1731) was an Oxford college head in the 18th century.

He graduated BA from Pembroke College, Oxford in 1689. He became a  Fellow of Lincoln College, Oxford in 1692. He was  Rector of Lincoln College, Oxford, from 1719 until his death. He also held the living at Scotton.

Pembroke College, Oxford
Pembroke College, a constituent college of the University of Oxford, is located on Pembroke Square, Oxford. The college was founded in 1624 by King James I of England and VI of Scotland, using in part the endowment of merchant Thomas Tesdale, and was named after William Herbert, 3rd Earl of Pembroke, Lord Chamberlain and then-Chancellor of the University.

Like many Oxford colleges, Pembroke previously accepted men only, admitting its first mixed-sex cohort in 1979. As of 2020, Pembroke had an estimated financial endowment of £58.9 million. Pembroke College provides almost the full range of study available at Oxford University.

A former Senior President of Tribunals and Lord Justice of Appeal, Sir Ernest Ryder, has held the post of Master of Pembroke since 2020.
Petar Barbarić
Petar Barbarić, SJ (19 May 1874 – 15 April 1897) is a Bosnian Herzegovinian Catholic novice from Šiljevišta, near Ljubuški, Bosnia Vilayet (modern Bosnia and Herzegovina, who was in the midst of his studies for the priesthood before he died of tuberculosis.

Upon realizing his condition, he made his solemn profession as a Jesuit before his death. Barbarić was known for his devotion to the Sacred Heart of Jesus Christ and his charismatic nature among his peers.

On 18 March 2015, he was proclaimed to be Venerable after Pope Francis acknowledged the fact that Barbarić had lived a life of heroic virtue.

Ljubuški
Ljubuški is a city in the West Herzegovina Canton, a federal unit of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The Kravica cascades lie within the city, near the settlement of Studenci. The city is known for its many dogs.
John Harrington (Parliamentarian)
John Harington (1627–1700) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1654. He fought in the Parliamentary army in the English Civil War.

Harrington was the son of John Harrington of Kelston, Somerset and was baptised at Kelston on 19 May 1627. He matriculated at Lincoln College, Oxford on 21 February 1640, aged 13. In the Civil War he was a captain of a Somerset troop of horse in the Parliamentary army.  He was of Corston, and later of Kelston. His father died in 1654. In 1654, he was elected Member of Parliament for Somerset in the First Protectorate Parliament. He was re-elected MP for Somerset in 1656 for the Second Protectorate Parliament. In 1659 he was elected MP for Bath for the Third Protectorate Parliament.

Harrington died at the age of 73 at Bath and was buried there on 16 April 1700.

Bath (UK Parliament constituency)
Bath is a constituency in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, represented since 2017 by Wera Hobhouse of the Liberal Democrats. Its previous representatives have included William Pitt the Elder (Prime Minister 1766–1768) and Chris Patten, the last Governor of Hong Kong (1992–1997).

In the 2023 periodic review of Westminster constituencies, at the 2024 general election the seat was subject to moderate boundary changes which involved the gain of the Bathavon North ward from the former North East Somerset constituency.
Shakedown! The Texas Tapes Revisited
Shakedown! The Texas Tapes Revisited is a Grammy nominated compilation of the work of Bobby Fuller and his recording band in El Paso, Texas before signing to Bob Keane's Del-Fi Records 1964. The two CDs compile Fuller's hit local singles, and a wealth of outtakes and other recordings over its 50 tracks.

Del-Fi Records
Del-Fi Records was an American record label based in Hollywood, California, founded in 1958 and owned by Bob Keane. The label's first single released was "Caravan" by Henri Rose in 1958, but the label was most famous for signing Ritchie Valens. Valens' first single for the label was "Come On Let's Go", which was a hit. His next single, "Donna"/"La Bamba", was an even bigger hit, and brought national notoriety to the label. Johnny Crawford, the co-star of the television series The Rifleman, was the Del-Fi artist who recorded the most hit singles.
Storr Island
Storr Island, also known as Yudawala or Yeewadan Ganjal, is an uninhabited island located in the Kimberley region of Western Australia.

It is situated between Doubtful Bay and George Water, near the intersection of the Sale and Glenelg rivers. Storr Island is about 150 kilometres (93 mi) north west of Bardi. The island encompasses an area of 1,896 hectares (4,685 acres).

Fauna found on the island include the golden bandicoot and many types of birds, including the pied imperial pigeon, sulphur-crested cockatoo, brown honeyeater, white-gaped honeyeater, white-lined honeyeater, silver-crowned friarbird, mangrove golden whistler, leaden flycatcher, northern fantail, black-faced cuckoo-shrike, varied triller and the great bowerbird.

The traditional owners of the area are the Dambimangari people of the Worrorra language group. Their name for the island is Yudawala or Yeewadan Ganjal.

Mangrove golden whistler
The mangrove golden whistler (Pachycephala melanura) or black-tailed whistler, is a species of bird in the family Pachycephalidae. It is found in mangrove forests and adjacent wet forests of Papua New Guinea and Australia.
The Dawn of Netta
The Dawn of Netta is a 1912 American silent short drama film directed by Tom Ricketts and starring Richard Buhler, Edgar L. Davenport, George De Carlton, and Dorothy Donnelly. It is the first film to be distributed by Universal Pictures. The film was released by Universal Film Manufacturing Company on June 24, 1912.

Dorothy Donnelly
Dorothy Agnes Donnelly (January 28, 1876 - January 3, 1928) was an American actress, playwright, librettist, producer, and director.  After a decade-long acting career that included several notable roles on Broadway, she turned to writing plays, musicals and operettas, including more than a dozen on Broadway including several long-running successes.  Her most famous libretto was The Student Prince (1924), in collaboration with composer Sigmund Romberg.
Frigid Hare
Frigid Hare is a Warner Bros. Merrie Melodies short, released on October 8, 1949.: 203 : 430  It is directed by Chuck Jones and written by Michael Maltese, and features Bugs Bunny. The title can be seen as a pun on "frigid air" or the refrigerator brand "Frigidaire".

Michael Maltese
Michael Maltese (February 6, 1908 – February 22, 1981) was an American screenwriter and storyboard artist for classic animated cartoon shorts. He is best known for working in the 1950s on a series of Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies cartoons with director Chuck Jones. This collaboration produced many highly acclaimed animated shorts, including 4 of the top 5 "greatest cartoons" as judged by 1000 animation professionals; What's Opera, Doc? tops this list as the best animated short of all time.
Stanisław Komornicki
Stanisław Komornicki (26 July 1924 – 10 April 2010) was a brigadier general in the Polish Army and the chancellor of the Order Virtuti Militari.
He was born in Warsaw. He was a Polish underground activist (pseudonym: Nałęcz), a member of underground Scouting (Szare Szeregi), a soldier of Armia Krajowa, a participant in the Warsaw Uprising, an officer of the Polish First Army, a participant in the Battle of Kolberg, a writer, and a military historian.

He was listed on the flight manifest of the Tupolev Tu-154 of the 36th Special Aviation Regiment carrying the President of Poland Lech Kaczyński which crashed near Smolensk-North airport near Pechersk near Smolensk, Russia, on 10 April 2010, killing all aboard.

Battle of Kolberg (1945)
The Battle of Kolberg or Battle of Kołobrzeg (also, battle for Festung Kolberg) was the taking of the city of Kolberg, now the city of Kołobrzeg, in Pomerania by the Polish Army and Soviet Army from Nazi German forces during the World War II East Pomeranian Offensive. Between 4 and 18 March 1945 there was major urban fighting of the Soviet and Polish forces against the German army for the control over the city. The Germans succeeded in evacuating much of their military personnel and refugees from the city via sea before it was taken by the Poles on 18 March.
Genco Erkal
Genco Erkal (28 March 1938 – 31 July 2024) was a Turkish drama actor. He starred in the 1983 film A Season in Hakkari, which won the Silver Bear - Special Jury Prize at the 33rd Berlin International Film Festival. In April 2021, he announced that due to tweets in which he criticized the Turkish Government he was being prosecuted for insulting the President.

Erkal died of leukaemia on 31 July 2024, at the age of 86.

Article 299 of the Turkish Penal Code
Article 299 of the Turkish Penal Code is a lèse-majesté law that deems it illegal to "Insult the President of Turkey". A person who is sentenced for a violation of this article can be sentenced to a prison term between one and four years and if the violation was made in public the verdict can be elevated by a sixth. Prosecutions often  target critics of the government, independent journalists, and political cartoonists. Between 2014 and 2019, 128,872 investigations were launched for this offense and prosecutors opened 27,717 criminal cases. Turkey's article 299 and article 125, which allows one party to sue for insult despite lack of sufficient evidence, are arguably used as part of SLAPPs.
McCudden
McCudden is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

James McCudden (1895–1918), British World War I flying ace

Jenny McCudden, Irish journalist, newspaper editor, author, and television producer

John McCudden (1897–1918), British World War I flying ace, brother of James

Jenny McCudden
Jenny McCudden is an Irish journalist, newspaper editor, author and television producer. Having started her career in print journalism, she moved into broadcasting, working on both radio and television. Her credits include presenting news reports and programmes for BBC News in the United Kingdom, and TV3 News in Ireland, where she was the station's Western Correspondent for several years. After her return to the newspaper industry in early 2012, The Sligo Champion appointed her as its editor in July of that year, making her the first woman to occupy that position. McCudden is the author of Impact: The Human Stories Behind Ireland's Road Tragedies, a book concerning people affected by road fatalities in Ireland, which was later turned into a documentary for TV3, presented by Gay Byrne. She has also written fiction and poetry, having her work published as part of an anthology and in The Irish Times.
Marcus Peak
Marcus Peak is a 6,962-foot (2,122 m) summit located in Mount Rainier National Park in Pierce County of Washington state. It is part of the Sourdough Mountains which are a small subset of the Cascade Range, and it is situated north of Dege Peak. The peak was named in 1932 for Marcus Whitman (1802–1847), an early pioneer and physician. The Whitman Glacier on Little Tahoma also honors him. Access to Marcus Peak is limited due to snow closing the Sunrise Road much of the year. July, August, and September are typically the months when the Sunrise Road is seasonally open for vehicle traffic. The nearest higher peak is Palisades Peak, 0.64 miles (1.03 km) to the north-northeast. Precipitation runoff from Marcus Peak drains into the White River.

Whitman Glacier
The Whitman Glacier is a medium-sized glacier on the eastern flank of Little Tahoma Peak, a sub-peak of Mount Rainier in Washington. Named for the missionary Marcus Whitman, it covers 0.9 square miles (2.3 km2) and contains 4.4 billion ft3 (125 million m3) of ice. Starting from near the rocky spire of Little Tahoma at 10,000 feet (3,000 m), the glacier flows southeast downhill. A small snowfield connects this glacier with the adjacent Fryingpan Glacier at about 9,200 feet (2,800 m). As the Whitman Glacier flows southeast, the Whitman Crest bounds the glacier to the northeast. Upon reaching a flatter plateau at about 8,300 feet (2,500 m), the glacier does not flow far before reaching its terminus at 8,200 feet (2,500 m) to 7,800 ft (2,400 m). The small Ohanapecosh Glacier lies east of the terminus. Meltwater from the glacier drains into the Cowlitz River.
Amador Campos Aburto
Amador Campos Aburto (born 25 May 1951) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD). 
In the 2006 general election he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies to represent the third district of Guerrero during the 60th Congress, and he had previously served as municipal president of Zihuatanejo de Azueta from 2002 to 2005. After his term in Congress, he served as a local deputy in the 60th session of the Congress of Guerrero.

Party of the Democratic Revolution
The Party of the Democratic Revolution (Spanish: Partido de la Revolución Democrática [paɾˈtiðo ðe la reβoluˈsjon demoˈkɾatika], PRD) is a state-level social democratic political party in Mexico (previously national, until 2024). The PRD originated from the Democratic Current, a political faction formed in 1986 from the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). The PRD was formed after the contested general election in 1988, which the PRD's immediate predecessor, the National Democratic Front, believed was rigged by the PRI. This sparked a movement away from the PRI's authoritarian rule.

As of 2023, the PRD was a member of the Fuerza y Corazón por México (Strength and Heart for Mexico) coalition. Internationally, the PRD was a member of the Progressive Alliance. The members of the party are known colloquially in Mexico as Perredistas. In 2024, the party failed to reach the necessary percentage of votes to keep its registration as a national political party.
Outeniqua Pass
The Outeniqua Pass is a mountain pass in the Western Cape, South Africa, that carries the N9/N12 national road through the Outeniqua Mountains north of George. It connects George and the Garden Route coastal plain with Oudtshoorn and the Little Karoo. It was constructed between 1943 and 1951, replacing the Montagu Pass as the main route from George to the interior.

Little Karoo
The Little Karoo, also known as the Klein Karoo, is a region in the south of the Western Cape province where ostrich farming was formerly practiced on a large scale. The area extends more or less from the Langeberg to the Swartberg. The Langeberg and the Outeniqua Mountains form the southern border of the area, the Swartberg the northern border. The main town is Oudtshoorn. Other towns/settlements in the area include: Ladismith, Calitzdorp, De Rust, as well as well-known mission stations such as Zoar, Amaliënstein, Barrydale and Dysselsdorp. Uniondale is the easternmost point of the area.

The area is mainly drained by the Gourits River, via its tributary the Olifants River. There are five island mountains in the region:Anysberg, Warmwaterberg, Touwsberg, Rooiberg, Gamkaberg, Kammanassieberg and Antoniesberg.
Paschasius Radbertus
Paschasius Radbertus (785–865) was a Carolingian theologian and the abbot of Corbie, a monastery in Picardy founded in 657 or 660 by the queen regent Bathilde with a founding community of monks from Luxeuil Abbey. His most well-known and influential work is an exposition on the nature of the Eucharist written around 831, entitled De Corpore et Sanguine Domini. He was canonized in 1073 by Pope Gregory VII. His feast day is 26 April.

His works are edited in Patrologia Latina vol. 120 (1852) and his important tract on the Eucharist and transubstantiation, De Corpore et Sanguine Domini, in a 1969 edition by B. Paulus, published by Brepols (Corpus Christianorum, Continuatio Mediaevalis 16).

Balthild of Chelles
Balthild (c. 626 – 30 January 680) (/ˈbɔːltɪld/; Old English: Bealdhild, 'bold sword' or 'bold spear), also spelled Bathilda, Bauthieult or Baudour, was queen consort of Neustria and Burgundy by marriage to Clovis II, the King of Neustria and Burgundy (639–658), and regent during the minority of her son, Chlothar III. Her hagiography was intended to further her successful candidature for sainthood.

Tradition represents her as an Anglo-Saxon who was originally of noble birth, perhaps a relative of Ricberht of East Anglia, the last pagan king of East Anglia, although Pierre Fournet regards this as doubtful. Ricberht was ousted by Sigeberht, who had spent time as an exile in the Frankish court, during which he had converted to Christianity. Sigeberht was established as the rightful heir to the throne with Frankish help.
Ardhangi
Ardhangi (transl. Other half) is a 1955 Indian Telugu-language drama film, produced and directed by P. Pullayya under the Ragini Pictures banner. It stars Akkineni Nageswara Rao, Santha Kumari, and Savitri. Music is composed by Master Venu and B. Narasimha Rao. Acharya Aatreya scripted the film based on Maddipatla Suri's Telugu translation of the Bengali novel Swayamsidda written by Manilal Banerjee. The film was successful at the box office. It received the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Telugu and the Filmfare Award for Best Film - Telugu. The film was remade in Tamil as Pennin Perumai and in Hindi as Bahurani (1963).

Filmfare Award for Best Film – Telugu
The Filmfare Award for Best Film – Telugu is an award given in India by the Filmfare magazine as part of its annual Filmfare Awards South for Telugu films. The award was first given in 1964 for films released around 1963. This award goes to the producers of the film.
Margareta of Rawa
Margareta of Rawa (Polish: Małgorzata Rawska;  1436/40 - betw. 5 May 1483/1 September 1485), was a member of the House of Piast and by marriage Duchess of Oleśnica, Koźle and half of Bytom.

She was the only child of Siemowit V, Duke of Rawa by his wife Margareta, daughter of Jan II of Iron, Duke of Racibórz.

Racibórz
Racibórz (pronounced [raˈt͡ɕibuʂ] ⓘ, German: Ratibor, Czech: Ratiboř, Silesian: Racibōr) is a city in Silesian Voivodeship in southern Poland. It is the administrative seat of Racibórz County.

With Opole, Racibórz is one of the historic capitals of Upper Silesia, being the residence of the Dukes of Racibórz from 1172 to 1521.