hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nice model
In astronomy, the Nice (/ˈniːs/) model is a scenario for the dynamical evolution of the Solar System. It is named for the location of the Côte d'Azur Observatory—where it was initially developed in 2005—in Nice, France. It proposes the migration of the giant planets from an initial compact configuration into their present positions, long after the dissipation of the initial protoplanetary disk. In this way, it differs from earlier models of the Solar System's formation. This planetary migration is used in dynamical simulations of the Solar System to explain historical events including the Late Heavy Bombardment of the inner Solar System, the formation of the Oort cloud, and the existence of populations of small Solar System bodies such as the Kuiper belt, the Neptune and Jupiter trojans, and the numerous resonant trans-Neptunian objects dominated by Neptune.

Resonant trans-Neptunian object
In astronomy, a resonant trans-Neptunian object is a trans-Neptunian object (TNO) in mean-motion orbital resonance with Neptune. The orbital periods of the resonant objects are in a simple integer relations with the period of Neptune, e.g. 1:2, 2:3, etc. Resonant TNOs can be either part of the main Kuiper belt population, or the more distant scattered disc population.
William H. Lobchuk
William H. Lobchuk RCA, known as Bill Lobchuk (born 1942) was one of the first people in Canada to found a printshop which made printmaking facilities available to contemporary artists. In 1968 he opened the Screen Shop at 50 Princess Street in Winnipeg with partner Len Anthony, which led to the founding of The Grand Western Canadian Screen Shop in 1973. It was the first print shop of its kind in Western Canada and a focus of printmaking production and distribution for artists, both in the Prairies and Canada-wide.

Other early founders of printshops include  Richard Lacroix, founder of Atelier Libre (1964) and the Guilde Graphique (1966), and Pierre Ayot, founder of Atelier Libre 848 (1966) (renamed Atelier Graff in 1969), in Montreal, Jack Lemmon and Robert Rogers who founded the NSCAD Lithography Workshop in 1969, and Richard Sewell and Barbara Hall who founded Open Studio in Toronto in 1970.

NSCAD University
NSCAD University, also known as the Nova Scotia College of Art and Design (NSCAD), is a public art university in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. The university is a co-educational institution that offers bachelor's and master's degrees. The university also provides continuing education services through its School of Extended Studies.

The institution was founded by Anna Leonowens in 1887 as the Victoria School of Art and Design. The school was later renamed the Nova Scotia College of Art in 1925. In 1969, the institution was renamed the Nova Scotia College of Art and Design and began to offer undergraduate degrees, becoming the first degree-granting art school in the country. The institution adopted its current name in 2003.
Athena (novel)
Athena is a 1995 novel by the Irish author John Banville, the third in a series that started with The Book of Evidence and continued with Ghosts.  These three form the "Frames" trilogy, linked by the theme of paintings.

The novel is centred around Morrow, a self-styled art expert.  He is asked by a businessman called Morden to authenticate a number of paintings which are old and supposedly valuable.  Morrow becomes romantically involved with a woman he simply calls A. who appears to have stepped out of his canvasses.  The police become involved and Morden and A. abruptly disappear.  Morrow is left grief stricken.

The story is punctuated by several appraisals of paintings by fictitious artists.

Reviewers compared it favourably with the writing of John Fowles, William Gass, John Hawkes and Vladimir Nabokov.

William H. Gass
William Howard Gass (July 30, 1924 – December 6, 2017) was an American novelist, short story writer, essayist, critic, and philosophy professor. He wrote three novels, three collections of short stories, a collection of novellas, and seven volumes of essays, three of which  won National Book Critics Circle Award prizes and one of which, A Temple of Texts (2006), won the Truman Capote Award for Literary Criticism.  His 1995 novel The Tunnel received the American Book Award.  His 2013 novel Middle C won the 2015 William Dean Howells Medal.
February 2017 Mogadishu bombing
On 19 February 2017, at least 39 people were killed after a car bomb exploded near Wadajir market in Madina district, Mogadishu, Somalia. More than 50 others were wounded. No group claimed responsibility; Somali President Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed offered a $100,000 reward for information leading to the arrest of those who planned the blast.

Explosion
An explosion is a rapid expansion in volume of a given amount of matter associated with an extreme outward release of energy, usually with the generation of high temperatures and release of high-pressure gases. Explosions may also be generated by a slower expansion that would normally not be forceful, but is not allowed to expand, so that when whatever is containing the expansion is broken by the pressure that builds as the matter inside tries to expand, the matter expands forcefully. An example of this is a volcanic eruption created by the expansion of magma in a magma chamber as it rises to the surface. Supersonic explosions created by high explosives are known as detonations and travel through shock waves. Subsonic explosions are created by low explosives through a slower combustion process known as deflagration.
Blake Pieroni
Blake John Pieroni (/pəˈroʊni/ pə-ROH-nee; born November 15, 1995) is a three-time Olympic gold medalist in swimming. He is a two time Olympian and gold medalist in the 4×100-meter freestyle relay at both the 2016 Summer Olympics and the 2020 Summer Olympics. On the relay in 2016, he swam in the prelims of the race, on the 2020 Olympics 4×100-meter freestyle relay he swam in both the prelims and the final. He also won a gold medal in the 4x100-meter medley relay at the 2020 Olympic Games, swimming the freestyle leg of the relay in the prelims.

International Swimming League
The International Swimming League (ISL) was an annual professional swimming league, established in 2019. It features a team-based competition format with fast-paced race sessions. In 2019, the regular season started in October and the Final Match was held in December. Coverage in 2019 reported that the ISL operated with a US$20 million budget for its inaugural season, including US$7 million allocated for athlete and team prize money. Financed by Konstantin Grigorishin, the league expressed an aim of “putting power back into the hands of the athletes.” It also enforced a strict anti-doping policy under which athletes with prior doping suspensions were banned from competition.

After suspending operations following the 2021 season, the league announced plans in December 2025 to target a relaunch as early as 2026 under a revised commercial model.
Brosnan
Brosnan is a surname, derived from the Irish "Ó Brosnacháin," which may be derived from the place name Brosna in Kerry.
Notable people with the surname include:

Brian Brosnan, Irish boxer

Chris Brosnan (born 1972), British film director, writer, and producer

Ciara Nadine Brosnan (born 2011), Indonesian actress

Cornelius M. Brosnan (1813–1867), Justice of the Supreme Court of Nevada

D. William Brosnan (1903–1985), American railroad executive

Eoin Brosnan, Irish Gaelic football player

Jim Brosnan (1929–2014), American baseball player

John Brosnan (1947–2005), Australian author

John Brosnan (soldier) (1846–1921), Irish soldier who fought in the American Civil War

Patrick Brosnan (born 1968), American mathematician

Pierce Brosnan (born 1953), Irish actor

Sarah Brosnan, American ethologist

Seán Brosnan (1916–1979), Irish barrister and politician

Steven Brosnan (born 1976), Australian rules footballer

Brian Brosnan
Brian Brosnan (1991-) is a boxer from Galway, Connacht, Ireland and was an under-21 national boxing champion, unbeaten from the age of 18–19. He fought in the European championship in 2012 but retired due to injury in the last 16. He was unable to return to the ring and remains the only boxer that was unbeaten in the age group of 18–21.

Brosnan is also a WAKO world kickboxing champion.
Vijaya Ramachandran
Vijaya Ramachandran is an Indian-American theoretical computer scientist known for her research on graph algorithms and parallel algorithms. She is the William Blakemore II Regents Professor of Computer Sciences at the University of Texas at Austin.

Theoretical computer science
Theoretical computer science is a subfield of computer science and mathematics that focuses on the abstract and mathematical foundations of computation.

It is difficult to circumscribe the theoretical areas precisely. The ACM's Special Interest Group on Algorithms and Computation Theory (SIGACT) provides the following description:

TCS covers a wide variety of topics including algorithms, data structures, computational complexity, parallel and distributed computation, probabilistic computation, quantum computation, automata theory, information theory, cryptography, program semantics and verification, algorithmic game theory, machine learning, computational biology, computational economics, computational geometry, and computational number theory and algebra. Work in this field is often distinguished by its emphasis on mathematical technique and rigor.
Mary Farnham Miller
Mary Farnham Miller (January 26, 1872 – June 2, 1920) was an American botanist who specialized in bryology, the study of moss and lichen.  She was one of the earliest members of the Sullivant Moss Society, and worked at the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History.

Bryology
Bryology (from Greek bryon, a moss, a liverwort) is the branch of botany concerned with the scientific study of bryophytes (mosses, liverworts, and hornworts). Bryologists are botanists who have an active interest in observing, recording, classifying or researching bryophytes. The field is often studied along with lichenology due to the similar appearance and ecological niche of the two organisms, even though bryophytes and lichens are not classified in the same kingdom.
Tim Elliott (footballer)
Tim Elliott (born 12 September 1976) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with St Kilda in the Australian Football League (AFL).

Elliott was a key defender and ruckman, originally from Lucknow Football Club in East Gippsland. Picked by St Kilda in the 1994 National Draft from the Gippsland Power, Elliott was restricted to the reserves in his first few years at the club. He had to wait until the 1998 AFL season to appear in the seniors. In 1999 he had his best year at the club, with 19 appearances. He earned the only Brownlow Medal vote of his career in round three that season, when he replaced a suspended Peter Everitt in the ruck.

Brownlow Medal
The Charles Brownlow Trophy, better known as the Brownlow Medal (and informally as Charlie), is awarded to the best and fairest player in the Australian Football League (AFL) during the home-and-away season, as determined by votes cast by the four officiating field umpires after each game. It is the most prestigious award for individual players in the AFL.

The medal was first awarded by the Victorian Football League (VFL). It was created and named in honour of Charles Brownlow, a former Geelong Football Club footballer (1880–1891) and club secretary (1885–1923), and VFL president (1918–19), who had died in January 1924 after an extended illness.
Centre Tola Vologe
The Centre Tola Vologe was the training center and club headquarters of French football club Olympique Lyonnais. It is located in the city of Lyon, not far from the Stade de Gerland. The facility is named after Anatole Vologe, commonly called Tola Vologe, who was a Lyon sportsmen and was murdered by the Gestapo during World War II. The facility was known for its high-level training and several prominent players have passed through the youth training center. These include Karim Benzema, Hatem Ben Arfa, Sidney Govou, Ludovic Giuly and Loïc Rémy. The center was home to Olympique Lyonnais from 1961 to 2016, when the club moved to the newly built Groupama Stadium in Décines-Charpieu and its nearby training complex. The Youth Academy also moved on to a new complex in the town of Meyzieu.

Meyzieu
Meyzieu (French pronunciation: [mɛzjø]; Arpitan: Mêsiô [ma.ˈʒy]) is a commune in the Metropolis of Lyon in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in eastern France. It is a large suburb of Lyon, situated 13 km east of the city centre on the left bank of the Rhône. Before 1967, it was part of the Isère department.
Curculionichthys luteofrenatus
Curculionichthys luteofrenatus is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to Brazil, where it occurs in the headwaters of the Tapajós basin. It occurs in flat shallow areas with sandy substrate and low current. The species reaches 3.1 cm (1.2 inches) SL.

Loricariidae
Loricariidae is the largest family of catfish (order Siluriformes), with over 90 genera and just over 680 species. Loricariids originate from freshwater habitats of Costa Rica, Panama, and tropical and subtropical South America. These fish are noted for the bony plates covering their bodies and their suckermouths. Several genera are sold as "plecos", notably the suckermouth catfish, Hypostomus plecostomus, and are popular as aquarium fish.
East Riding Royal Garrison Artillery
The East Riding Royal Garrison Artillery (ERRGA) was a part-time unit of Britain's Royal Artillery based at Hull in the East Riding of Yorkshire. It provided coastal defence artillery for the Humber Estuary from 1908 to 1956, manned siege batteries on the Western Front during World War I at the Somme and Ypres and played a role in the pursuit of the German army during the Hundred Days Offensive. It served as infantry in Allied-occupied Germany after World War II. Its successor units in the Territorial Army included anti-aircraft artillery and field engineers.

I Corps (United Kingdom)
I Corps ("First Corps") was an army corps in existence as an active formation in the British Army for most of the 80 years from its creation in the First World War until the end of the Cold War, longer than any other corps. It had a short-lived precursor during the Waterloo Campaign. It served as the operational component of the British Army of the Rhine (part of NATO's Northern Army Group (NORTHAG)) during the Cold War, and was tasked with defending West Germany.
43rd General Assembly of Newfoundland
The members of the 43rd General Assembly of Newfoundland were elected in the Newfoundland general election held in February 1996. The general assembly sat from March 20, 1996 to January 18, 1999.

The Liberal Party led by Brian Tobin formed the government.

Lloyd Snow served as speaker.

There were three sessions of the 43rd General Assembly:

Frederick Russell served as lieutenant governor of Newfoundland until 1997. Arthur Maxwell House succeeded Russell as lieutenant-governor.

Lloyd Snow
Lloyd Snow (born January 5, 1943) is an educator and former political figure in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. He represented Trinity-Bay de Verde in the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly from 1989 to 2003 as a Liberal.

He was born in Victoria, the son of Arthur Snow, and was educated in Brownsdale and at Memorial University. Snow was an elementary school principal and high school teacher and vice-principal. In 1967, he married Linda Mansfield. Snow was mayor of Hant's Harbour. He served as speaker for the provincial assembly from 1995 to 2003.
Marcel Bardiaux
Marcel Bardiaux (2 April 1910 – February 2000) was a French sailor. He is the first solo sailor to have crossed Cape Horn from east to west (against the prevailing winds), in the middle of the (austral) winter of 1952 at the helm of a 9.38 m wooden sailboat, Les Quatre-Vents.

Solitude
Solitude, also known as social withdrawal, is a state of seclusion or isolation, meaning lack of socialisation. Effects can be either positive or negative, depending on the situation. Short-term solitude is often valued as a time when one may work, think, or rest without disturbance. It may be desired for the sake of privacy. Long-term solitude may stem from soured relationships, loss of loved ones, deliberate choice, infectious disease, mental disorders, neurological disorders such as circadian rhythm sleep disorder, or circumstances of employment or situation.

A distinction has been made between solitude and loneliness. In this sense, these two words refer, respectively, to the joy and the pain of being alone.
Ellen Glacier
The Ellen Glacier is a glacier in the central Sentinel Range of the Ellsworth Mountains of Antarctica. It drains the eastern slopes of Mount Anderson and Long Gables and flows generally southeast for 22 nautical miles (41 km; 25 mi) to Barnes Ridge, where it leaves the range and enters the south flowing Rutford Ice Stream.

It was first mapped by the United States Geological Survey from surveys and U.S. Navy air photos, 1957–59, and was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Lieutenant Colonel Cicero J. Ellen of the U.S. Air Force, who was in command of many of the air operations when the South Pole Station was established by air drop in the 1956–57 season.

Long Gables
The Long Gables (78°11′S 86°14′W﻿ / ﻿78.183°S 86.233°W﻿ / -78.183; -86.233) are prominent twin peaks, with heights of 4,150 and 4,110 metres (13,620 and 13,480 ft), joined by a col, with the lower rock exposures being in the form of steep buttresses. The peaks rise from the main ridge of the Sentinel Range, Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica between Mount Anderson and Mount Viets. They surmount Burdenis Glacier to the southeast, Gerila Glacier to the east and Fonfon Glacier to the northeast.

The peaks were discovered by the Marie Byrd Land Traverse party of 1957–58 under Charles R. Bentley, and were named for Jack B. Long. Jack Long was a member of the Marie Byrd Land Traverse party and a participant in many oversnow traverses and other Antarctic research activities in the following decade.

The south summit of Long Gables (Peak 4111) was climbed for the first time on January 13, 1996, by the French alpinists Erik Decamp and Catherine Destivelle.
Muhammad Ali vs. Jerry Quarry
Muhammad Ali vs. Jerry Quarry, billed as The Return of the Champion, was a professional boxing match contested on October 26, 1970, for the Lineal heavyweight championship. This was Ali's first fight since his suspension from boxing in 1967.

Jerry Quarry
Jerry Quarry (May 15, 1945 – January 3, 1999), nicknamed "Irish" or "the Bellflower Bomber" or the "Great White Hope", was an American professional boxer and multiple heavyweight boxing title contender. During the peak of his career from 1968 to 1971, Quarry was a popular figure in boxing, featured on the cover of The Ring and other boxing magazines, as well as on hit TV shows. His most famous bouts were against Muhammad Ali. He is regarded as being one of the best heavyweight boxers never to win a title. He beat former world heavyweight champion Floyd Patterson and top contenders Ron Lyle, Earnie Shavers, Brian London, Thad Spencer, Buster Mathis, Randy Neumann, Jack Bodell, Mac Foster and Eduardo Corletti. The damage he accumulated from lack of attention to defense against larger men at the top level, no head guard sparring, and attempted comebacks in 1977, 1983, and 1992 resulted in Quarry developing an unusually severe case of dementia pugilistica.
Annanhead Hill
Annanhead Hill is a 478-metre (1,568 ft) summit in the Moffat Hills of Scotland. It lies on the boundary between the Scottish Borders and Dumfries and Galloway, 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) north of Moffat, in the Southern Uplands.

Annanhead is one of four hills encircling the Devil's Beef Tub, the headwaters of River Annan.

The hill is crossed by the Annandale Way hiking trail designated in 2009.

Moffat, Dumfries and Galloway
Moffat is a burgh and parish in Dumfriesshire, Scotland. Part of the Dumfries and Galloway local authority area in Scotland, it lies on the River Annan, with a population of around 2,500. It was a centre of the wool trade and a spa town.

Moffat is around 59 miles (95 kilometres) to the southeast of Glasgow, 51 miles (82 kilometres) southwest of Edinburgh, 21 miles (34 kilometres) northeast of Dumfries and 44 miles (71 kilometres) northwest of Carlisle.

The Moffat House Hotel, located at the northern end of the High Street, was designed by John Adam. The nearby Star Hotel, a mere 20 ft (6 m) wide, was listed in the Guinness Book of Records as the narrowest hotel in the world. Moffat won the Britain in Bloom contest in 1996.

Moffat is home to Moffat toffee.

The town is held to be the ancestral seat of Clan Moffat. The Devil's Beef Tub, near Moffat was used by the members of Clan Moffat and later the members of Clan Johnstone to hoard cattle stolen in predatory raids.
Ubari Landscape Conservation Area
Ubari Landscape Conservation Area is a nature park which is located in Harju County, Estonia.

The area of the nature park is 59 ha.

The protected area was founded in 2005 to protect North Estonia Klint and broadleaved forest communities in Jõelähtme Parish (Kaberneeme and Haapse village).

Jõelähtme Parish
Jõelähtme Parish (Estonian: Jõelähtme vald) is a municipality in Estonia. It was established in 1992 and is administratively part of the Harju County, in northwestern Estonia. The parish has a population of 6,969 and an area of 210.86 km2 (81.41 sq mi), the population density is 25.3770/km2 (65.726/sq mi)

The administrative centre of Jõelähtme Parish is the village of Jõelähtme. It is located 20 km east from the centre of Estonia's capital, Tallinn.
Elo School
The Elo School is a historic school built in 1906 and expanded in 1915. It is a 24 by 64 feet (7.3 m × 19.5 m) building with an enclosed porch and a bell tower. It was named for Reverend John William Eloheimo, a Finnish Evangelical minister, and his daughter Eva Eloheimo was one of its first teachers. The original 1906 structure was built for $612 by Abram Pekkala; the expansion was by Finnish carpenters John Heikkila and John Ruuska. The school was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

The NRHP listing includes a 25 by 25 feet (7.6 m × 7.6 m) teacher's cottage located behind the school.

It is located southeast of State Highway 55 on Farm to Market Rd., in or near McCall, in Valley County, Idaho.

Idaho State Highway 55
State Highway 55 (SH-55) is an Idaho highway from Marsing to New Meadows, connecting with US-95 at both ends.

From Marsing it travels east to Nampa, Meridian, and Eagle, then north to Horseshoe Bend. SH-55 then climbs the Payette River to Banks, then its north fork to the Long Valley, through the towns of Cascade and McCall. After descending a narrow canyon to Meadows, SH-55 terminates in New Meadows at the junction with US-95.
Len Väljas
Lennard "Len" Väljas (born 21 November 1988) is a Canadian former cross-country skier. He was born in Toronto, and is of Estonian descent. He is the younger brother of Canadian beach volleyball Olympian Kristina May.

Väljas competed at the sprint event at the World Ski Championships 2011 in Oslo where he placed 15th.

Väljas achieved his first podium finish on the World Cup on March 7, 2012, in a Sprint Classic races in Drammen, Norway.

He announced his retirement from cross-country skiing in March 2019.

FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2011 – Men's sprint
The men's sprint was held on 24 February 2011. Sprint qualifying at 13:00 CET with finals at 15:00 CET. The defending world champion was Norway's Ola Vigen Hattestad while the defending Olympic champion was Russia's Nikita Kriukov.