hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Phil Diamond
Philip John Diamond CBE HonFInstP is the Director General of the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) Organisation. He was the director of the Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics from 1 October 2006 until 2010. He was the Chief of CSIRO's Astronomy and Space Sciences Division from 1 June 2010 to October 2012.

Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics
The Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics (JBCA) at the University of Manchester is among the largest astrophysics groups in the UK. It includes the Jodrell Bank Observatory, the MERLIN/VLBI National Facility, and the Jodrell Bank Visitor Centre. The centre was formed after the merger of the Victoria University of Manchester and the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology (UMIST), which brought two astronomy groups together. The Jodrell Bank site also hosts the headquarters of the Square Kilometre Array Observatory (SKAO) - the international governmental organisation (IGO) tasked with the delivery and operation of the Square Kilometre Array (SKA), created on the signing of the Rome Convention in 2019. The SKA will be the largest telescope in the world.

The JBCA is part of the School of Physics and Astronomy. The current director is Professor Michael Garrett.
RD-214
The RD-214 (GRAU Index 8D59) was a liquid rocket engine, burning AK-27I (a mixture of 73% nitric acid and 27% N2O4 + iodine passivant  and TM-185 (a kerosene and gasoline mix) in the gas generator cycle. As was the case with many V-2 influenced engines, the single turbine was driven by steam generated by catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. It also had four combustion chambers and vector control was achieved by refractory vanes protruding into the nozzle's exhaust.

Cruise missile
A cruise missile is an unmanned self-propelled guided missile that sustains flight through aerodynamic lift for most of its flight path. Cruise missiles are designed to deliver a large payload over long distances with high precision. Modern cruise missiles are capable of traveling at high subsonic, supersonic, or hypersonic speeds, are self-navigating, and are able to fly on a non-ballistic, extremely low-altitude trajectory.
Defence of the Realm Act 1803
The Defence of the Realm Act 1803 (43 Geo. 3 c. 55) was an act  of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. The act was bought before the House of Commons on 18 May 1803 by Charles Philip Yorke, then Secretary at War in the Addington ministry. The act required all counties to a full report on all able-bodied men aged between fifteen and sixty, classifying those in the volunteer regiments, those willing to serve, to drive waggons or act as guides, as well as the details of waggons, boats, horses, cattle, food and forage.

Addington ministry
Henry Addington, a member of the Tories, was appointed by King George III to lead the government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 1801 to 1804 and served as an interlude between the Pitt ministries. Addington's ministry is most notable for negotiating the Treaty of Amiens, which marked a brief cessation of the Napoleonic Wars.
1796 Massachusetts's 10th congressional district special election
A special election was held in Massachusetts's 10th congressional district on August 1, 1796, and September 12, 1796, to fill a vacancy left by the resignation of Benjamin Goodhue (F) in June, 1796.  Goodhue had resigned upon being elected to the Senate.

Benjamin Goodhue
Benjamin Goodhue (September 20, 1748 – July 28, 1814) was a Representative and a Senator from Massachusetts.  He supported the Patriots during the American Revolution, and was a strong member of the Federalist Party.  He was described by contemporaries as a leading member of the so-called Essex Junto, a group of Massachusetts Federalists, most of whom were from Essex County.
No. 462 Squadron RAAF
No. 462 Squadron is a Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) squadron which forms part of the Australian Defence Force's Cyber Command. The squadron was first formed on 6 September 1942 in Fayid, Egypt as a heavy bomber unit and saw combat in this role in the Mediterranean area until it was disbanded in March 1944. It was reformed in the United Kingdom in August 1944 to participate in the bombing campaign against Germany, and in December that year converted to a specialist electronic warfare unit. No. 462 Squadron continued in this role until the end of the European war in May 1945 and was disbanded in September that year. The squadron was reformed in its current role during April 2005. It was transferred from the RAAF to Cyber Command in 2024.

Fayed, Egypt
Fayed (Arabic: فايد) is a city in the Ismailia Governorate, Egypt. Its population was estimated at 32,500 people in 2018. The town is located about 20 kilometers south of Ismailia on the western shore of the Great Bitter Lake. It is located about halfway along the Suez Canal.

Originally, Fayed was mainly a fishing village; fish from the Bitter Lakes is particularly sought after in Egypt because of its quality and is correspondingly expensive. Agriculture on a larger scale has only returned since the historic Ismailia Canal was dredged and flooded in the course of the construction of the Suez Canal.

During World War II, several camps for German prisoners of war, members of the German Afrika Korps and units deployed in Italy and Greece, and interned German citizens were located in and around Fayed. The camps were each occupied by up to 15,000 people and known for their bad conditions.
1984 Giro d'Italia, Prologue to Stage 11
The 1984 Giro d'Italia was the 67th edition of the Giro d'Italia, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Giro began in Lucca, with a prologue individual time trial on 17 May, and Stage 11 occurred on 28 May with a stage to Rieti. The race finished in Verona on 10 June. The race won by Urs Freuler before Roger De Vlaeminck and Johan van der Velde. Francesco Moser was leading the general classification.

Pietrasanta
Pietrasanta is a town and comune on the coast of northern Tuscany in Italy, in the province of Lucca. Pietrasanta is part of Versilia, on the last foothills of the Apuan Alps, about 32 kilometres (20 mi) north of Pisa. The town is located 3 kilometres (1.9 mi)  off the coast, where the frazione of Marina di Pietrasanta is located.

It is situated on the main road and rail link from Pisa to Genova, just north of Viareggio.
Bengal Nagpur Railway FC
Bengal Nagpur Railway Football Club (also known as BNR Recreation Club) is an Indian institutional football club based in Kolkata, West Bengal. Founded in 1929, the club competes in the Premier Division B of the Calcutta Football League.

IFA Shield
The IFA Shield is a football competition organized by the Indian Football Association, the football governing body in the Indian state of West Bengal. The IFA came into existence in 1893, and was named after the association. The IFA Shield tournament was started in the same year. It is the third oldest football tournament in India, after Durand Cup and Trades Cup, and is among the oldest football competitions in the world.
1994 Cork Junior A Football Championship
The 1994 Cork Junior A Football Championship was the 96th staging of the Cork Junior A Football Championship since its establishment by Cork County Board in 1895. The championship ran from 24 September to 13 November 1994.

The final was played on 13 November 1994 at the Castle Grounds in Macroom, between Erin's Own and Kiskeam, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Erin's Own won the match by 0–15 to 2–07 to claim their first ever championship title.

Macroom GAA
Macroom GAA is a Gaelic football and hurling club based in the town and surrounding parish of Macroom in County Cork, Ireland. The club is affiliated with Cork GAA county board and the Muskerry GAA divisional board. The club has been one of the most successful Gaelic football clubs in Cork, having won the Cork Senior Football Championship ten times and having contributed numerous players to Cork GAA football teams.
Kanika Ambrose
Kanika Ambrose is a Canadian playwright from Toronto, Ontario. She is most noted for her play Our Place, which was the winner of the Dora Mavor Moore Award for Outstanding New Play, General Theatre in 2023.

Our Place centres on two immigrant women in Scarborough who work at a jerk pork restaurant, and are trying to find men to marry so that they can remain in Canada. It was staged by Cahoots Theatre and Theatre Passe Muraille in 2022.

Dora Mavor Moore Award for Best Original Play (General Theatre)
The Dora Mavor Moore Award for Outstanding New Play is an annual award celebrating achievements in Toronto theatre.

For most of the Dora Awards' history, separate awards have been presented for best play and Best Original Musical. For part of the 1990s, however, the two awards were merged with both musicals and dialogue-based plays competing in a single category. From 1980 to 1988, only a single award was presented each year; beginning in 1988, a separate award was introduced for Outstanding New Play, Small/Independent Theatre.
Mohamed Tiaïba
Mohamed Tiaïba (Arabic: محمد طيايبة, born July 26, 1988) is an Algerian professional footballer who plays as a forward for MO Constantine.

In June 2016, Tiaiba signed a one-year contract with Qatargas League club Al-Markhiya .

In September 2020, Tiaiba signed a one-year contract with Prince Mohammad bin Salman League club Al-Tai .

Al-Markhiya SC
Al-Markhiya Sports Club (Arabic: المرخية) is a Qatari multi-sports club, based in the Al Markhiya district of Doha. Its football department plays in the Qatar Stars League. It was widely regarded as the fastest improving team due to it winning the Second Division league 4 times in the first 5 it has taken part of. It has also entered history by being the first second division club to be promoted to the Qatar Stars League. The club was founded in 1995 as Al-Ittifaq, but was renamed to Al-Markhiya in 2004 to better represent the district where it is located, Al-Markhiya.
Treviglio railway station
Treviglio railway station (Italian: Stazione di Treviglio), also known as Treviglio centrale railway station (Italian: Stazione centrale di Treviglio) is the main station serving the town and comune of Treviglio, in the region of Lombardy, northern Italy. Opened in 1878, it has a higher average number of passengers per day than Treviglio's other railway station, Treviglio Ovest.

The station lies on the Milan–Venice railway, Treviglio–Bergamo railway and Treviglio–Cremona railway and is terminus of two suburban railways passing through Milan toward Novara (S6) and Varese (S5).

By those lines are also reachable Brescia, Lodi and Verona.

The station is managed by Rete Ferroviaria Italiana (RFI) and the commercial area of the passenger building is managed by Centostazioni. The train services are operated mainly by  Trenord.

Centostazioni
Centostazioni S.p.A. (English: 100 Stations) is a subsidiary of Italian holding company Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane. The company was created to redevelop and manage 103 medium-sized Italian railway stations.
Nathalie Lemel
Nathalie Lemel (French pronunciation: [natali ləmɛl]; 26 August 1827 – 1921) was a militant anarchist and feminist who participated on the barricades at the Commune de Paris of 1871. She was deported to Nouvelle Calédonie with Louise Michel.

Anarchism in France
Anarchism in France can trace its roots to thinker Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, who grew up during the Restoration and was the first self-described anarchist. French anarchists fought in the Spanish Civil War as volunteers in the International Brigades. According to journalist Brian Doherty, "The number of people who subscribed to the anarchist movement's many publications was in the tens of thousands in France alone."
Wilbur J. Cash (politician)
Wilbur James Cash (March 23, 1887 – June 3, 1956) was an American businessman, farmer, and politician.

Cash was born in Gridley, Illinois. He attended public schools in the area, and subsequently lived in Towanda, Illinois with wife and family. Cash was involved in the farming, merchant, and banking businesses. He served on the McLean County Board of Supervisors and was chair of the county board. He also served on the Towanda Village Board and was president of the village board. Cash also served on the school board and as the town clerk of Towanda. Cash served in the Illinois Senate during 1941 to 1953 and was as a Republican. He died at Brokaw Hospital in Normal, Illinois on June 3, 1956, after suffering from a lingering illness.

Normal, Illinois
Normal is a town in McLean County, Illinois, United States. The population was 52,736 at the 2020 census. Normal is the smaller of two principal cities of the Bloomington–Normal metropolitan area, and is Illinois's seventh most populous community outside the Chicago metropolitan area. It is home to Illinois State University and Heartland Community College.

Founded in 1865, it was renamed Normal in 1867, because the university when it began was focused on educating teachers (a normal institute), Illinois State Normal University. Chris Koos has been the mayor of Normal since 2003.
Pennsy Trail
The Pennsy Trail is a shared-use path that stretches between Greenfield, Indiana, and Ellenberger Park in the Irvington neighborhood of Indianapolis. The trail runs along a railbed of the Pennsylvania Railroad, from which the trail gets its name.

The trail is divided into two sections, a 6.7-mile (10.8 km) western section which runs through Indianapolis and Cumberland, and a 5.5-mile (8.9 km) eastern section that runs through Greenfield. As of 2025, the only remaining gap between the eastern and western sections is a 1-mile (1.6 km) stretch between county roads 300W and 150W in Hancock County.

Greenfield, Indiana
Greenfield is a city in and the county seat of Hancock County, Indiana, United States. It lies in Center and Brandywine townships and is part of the Indianapolis metropolitan area. The population was 23,488 at the 2020 census.

Greenfield was a stop along the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, Chicago and St. Louis Railroad that connected Pittsburgh to Chicago and St. Louis.
NOAAS David Starr Jordan
NOAAS David Starr Jordan (R444) was an American fisheries research vessel in commission in the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) from 1970 to 2010. She previously was in the United States Fish and Wildlife Service's Bureau of Commercial Fisheries fleet from 1966 to 1970 as US FWS David Starr Jordan.

After the conclusion of David Starr Jordan′s NOAA career, Stabbert Maritime purchased her, renovated her, and placed her in service as the oceanographic research vessel R/V Ocean Starr.

Hydrography
Hydrography is the branch of applied sciences which deals with the measurement and description of the physical features of oceans, seas, coastal areas, lakes and rivers, as well as with the prediction of their change over time, for the primary purpose of safety of navigation and in support of all other marine activities, including economic development, security and defense, scientific research, and environmental protection.
Actual innocence
Actual innocence is a special standard of review in legal cases to prove that a charged defendant did not commit the crimes that they were accused of, which is often applied by appellate courts to prevent a miscarriage of justice.

Standard of review
In law, the standard of review is the amount of deference given by one court (or some other appellate tribunal) in reviewing a decision of a lower court or tribunal. A low standard of review means that the decision under review will be varied or overturned if the reviewing court considers there is any error at all in the lower court's decision. A high standard of review means that deference is accorded to the decision under review, so that it will not be disturbed just because the reviewing court might have decided the matter differently; it will be varied only if the higher court considers the decision to have obvious error. The standard of review may be set by statute or precedent (stare decisis). In the United States, "standard of review" also has a separate meaning concerning the level of deference the judiciary gives to Congress when ruling on the constitutionality of legislation.
Child marriage among Muslims in Kerala
The issue of child marriage among Muslims in Kerala was addressed by a circular issued on 14 June 2013 by the social-welfare department of the Indian Union Muslim League (part of Kerala's ruling United Democratic Front (UDF)). The circular instructs marriage registrars to register Muslim marriages even if the parties have not attained the age fixed by the Child Marriage Act. Political parties and Muslim women's organisations have said that this would encourage child marriages. Following an amendment, only underage marriages occurring before 28 June 2013 could be registered. Nine prominent Muslim organisations in Kerala took legal action seeking exemption from the community marriage-age restrictions, saying that the minimum marriage age for women (fixed at 18 by the Child Marriage Act) as well as its Supreme Court endorsement infringe on the Muslim law.

Muslim personal law
All the Muslims in India are governed by the Muslim Personal Law (Shariat) Application Act, 1937. This law deals with marriage, succession, inheritance and charities among Muslims. The Dissolution of Muslim Marriages Act, 1939 deals with the circumstances in which Muslim women can obtain divorce and rights of Muslim women who have been divorced by their husbands and to provide for related matters. These laws are not applicable in the states of Goa, where Goa civil code is applicable for all persons irrespective of religion and state of Uttarakhand. These laws are not applicable to Indians, including Muslims, who married under the Special Marriage Act, 1954.
Batumi Synagogue
Batumi Synagogue (Georgian: ბათუმის სინაგოგა, batumis sinagoga) is a synagogue located in Batumi, Adjara, Georgia. The building was constructed in 1904 under the direction of Semyon Vulkovich, a prominent local Jewish leader.

The synagogue has historically served as the religious and cultural center of Batumi’s Jewish community. Its architecture reflects early 20th-century European influences, combined with local stylistic elements. Despite periods of closure during the Soviet era, the synagogue was preserved and later restored, resuming its role as a place of worship and community gathering.

Today, Batumi Synagogue remains active, offering religious services and functioning as a symbol of the enduring Jewish heritage in Georgia’s Black Sea region.

Adjara
Adjara (Georgian: აჭარა Ach’ara [at͡ʃʼara] ⓘ) or Achara, officially known as the Autonomous Republic of Adjara (Georgian: აჭარის ავტონომიური რესპუბლიკა Ach’aris Avt’onomiuri Resp’ublik’a [atʃʼaris avtʼonomiuri respʼublikʼa] ⓘ), is a political-administrative region of Georgia. It is in the country's southwestern corner, on the coast of the Black Sea, near the foot of the Lesser Caucasus Mountains, north of Turkey. It is an important tourist destination and includes Georgia's second most populous city of Batumi as its capital. About 401,100 people live on its 2,880 km2 (1,110 sq mi).

Adjara is home to the Adjarians, a regional subgroup of Georgians. The name can be spelled in a number of ways: Ajara, Ajaria, Adjaria, Adzharia, Atchara and Achara. Under the Soviet Union, Adjara was part of the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic as the Adjarian ASSR. The autonomous status of Adjara is guaranteed under article 6 of the Treaty of Kars.
We're Still Together
We're Still Together is a 2016 Canadian drama film, written and directed by Jesse Noah Klein. The film stars Jesse Camacho as Chris, a shy young man who gets taken under the wing of the more outgoing Bobby (Joey Klein) when they meet outside a Montreal Metro station after Chris has been attacked by a bully.

Director Jesse Klein is the brother of Joey Klein, and wrote the film specifically for his brother on the grounds that he felt Joey had not yet had the chance to play a role that showed off his full acting range.

The film premiered at the Karlovy Vary Film Festival in 2016, and had its commercial premiere in 2017.

Camacho won the award for Best Actor from the Montreal chapter of the ACTRA Awards, Klein won the award for Best Actor from the ACTRA Awards chapter in Toronto, and both actors received Prix Iris nominations for Best Actor at the 20th Quebec Cinema Awards.

ACTRA Award
The ACTRA Awards are Canadian accolades presented since 1972 to celebrate excellence in cinema, television and radio industries. Initially it was organized and presented by the Alliance of Canadian Television and Radio Artists, which represented performers, writers and broadcast journalists, and were responsible for awarding the Nellie statuettes until 1986. That year, they were taken over by the Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television to create the new Gemini Awards, although ACTRA continued to present Nellies in radio categories.

The organization relaunched the awards in 2003, this time as a more local-focused film industry award, separately presented by each of ACTRA's regional chapters to honour performances in local film and television production, since expanded to incorporate web series and video games.
Draco (constellation)
Draco is a constellation in the far northern sky. Its name is Latin for dragon. It was one of the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd century Greek astronomer Ptolemy, and remains one of the 88 modern constellations today. The north pole of the ecliptic is in Draco. Draco is circumpolar from northern latitudes, meaning that it never sets and can be seen at any time of year.

Giants (Greek mythology)
In Greek and Roman mythology, the Giants, also called Gigantes (Greek: Γίγαντες, Gígantes, singular: Γίγας, Gígas), were a race of great strength and aggression, though not necessarily of great size, known for the Gigantomachy (also spelled Gigantomachia), their battle with the Olympian gods. According to Hesiod, the Giants were the offspring of Gaia (Earth), born from the blood that fell when Uranus (Sky) was castrated by his Titan son Cronus.

Archaic and Classical representations show Gigantes as man-sized hoplites (heavily armed ancient Greek foot soldiers) fully human in form. Later representations (after c. 380 BC) show Gigantes with snakes for legs. In later traditions, the Giants were often confused with other opponents of the Olympians, particularly the Titans, an earlier generation of large and powerful children of Gaia and Uranus.

The vanquished Giants were said to be buried under volcanoes and to be the cause of volcanic eruptions and earthquakes.
2018 Open Castilla y León – Men's doubles
Adrián Menéndez Maceiras and Sergiy Stakhovsky were the defending champions but withdrew before their quarterfinal match.

Andrés Artuñedo and David Pérez Sanz won the title after defeating Matías Franco Descotte and João Monteiro 6–7(3–7), 6–3, [10–6] in the final.

Matías Franco Descotte
Matías Franco Descotte (born 29 August 1994) is an Argentine tennis player.

Descotte has a career high ATP singles ranking of No. 285 achieved on 12 August 2019 and a career high doubles ranking of No. 252 achieved on 29 July 2019.

Descotte has won 1 ATP Challenger singles title at the 2019 Morelos Open.
Lepetellidae
Lepetellidae is a taxonomic family of small deepwater sea snails or limpets, marine gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Lepetelloidea in the clade Vetigastropoda (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005). (It was in the order Cocculiniformia before).

Vetigastropoda
Vetigastropoda is a major taxonomic group of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks that form a very ancient lineage. Taxonomically the Vetigastropoda are sometimes treated as an order, although they are treated as an unranked clade in Bouchet and Rocroi, 2005.

Vetigastropods are considered to be among the most primitive living gastropods, and are widely distributed in all oceans of the world. Their habitats range from the deep sea to intertidal zones. Many have shells with slits or other secondary openings. One of their main characteristics is the presence of intersected crossed platy shell structure. Most vetigastropods have some bilateral asymmetry of their organ systems.