hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Derby War Memorial
The Derby War Memorial was designed by Charles Clayton Thompson and stands before the Derby Guildhall.  It features a bronze figure of the Virgin Mary holding the baby Jesus in her arms by the sculptor George Arthur Walker.  It was completed in 1924 and unveiled on 11 November 1924.  Behind this bronze figure is a large Celtic cross. The memorial was erected to commemorate the fallen of The Great War with the inscription "The Great War/1914-1918".

A later inscription, "For Faith/And Home/And Righteousness/World War 1939–1945", was added to recognize those men of Derby who died in the Second World War.

A plaque commemorates the victims of later conflicts.

Arthur George Walker
Arthur George Walker RA (20 October 1861 – 13 September 1939) was an English sculptor and painter. Among his best-known works are several war memorials and the statue of Florence Nightingale in Waterloo Place, London.
Wilbert McIvor
Wilbert McIvor (January 11, 1915 – March 22, 1987) was a Canadian farmer and provincial politician. He was the Liberal member of the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan for the constituency of Arm River, from 1967 until 1971.  As representative of the Arm River riding, he was preceded by Progressive Conservative party leader Martin Pederson and followed by New Democrat Donald Leonard Faris.

He was born on the family homestead near Craik, Saskatchewan and farmed near Girvin. In 1940, McIvor married Faere Old. McIvor was reeve for the rural municipality of Arm River from 1956 to 1968. He also served as vice-president of the Saskatchewan Standard Bred Association. and was defeated by Donald Leonard Faris when he ran for reelection to the provincial assembly in 1971. McIvor died on his farm at the age of 72.

Craik, Saskatchewan
Craik is a town in south central Saskatchewan, Canada, incorporated on August 1, 1907. It is strategically located along Highway 11 (Louis Riel Trail) in the RM of Craik No. 222, about 140 kilometres (87 mi) south-east of Saskatoon and 117 kilometres (73 mi) north-west of Regina.
Darnall (ward)
53°23′10″N 1°24′32″W﻿ / ﻿53.386°N 1.409°W﻿ / 53.386; -1.409

Darnall ward—which includes the districts of Attercliffe, Carbrook, Darnall, Tinsley, and parts of Handsworth—is one of the 28 electoral wards in City of Sheffield, South Yorkshire, England. It is located in the eastern part of the city and covers an area of 17.4 km2. The population of this ward in 2011 was 23,489 people in 8,809 households. It is one of the wards that made up the Sheffield Attercliffe constituency, now the Sheffield South East constituency.

Handsworth, South Yorkshire
Handsworth is a suburb of south eastern Sheffield, in South Yorkshire, England. It covers an area of approximately 5 square miles (13 km2), and has a population of approximately 9,957. It has five schools, four churches, a variety of small shops, a large supermarket, and a range of commercial and light industrial businesses. Until 1974 it was in the West Riding of Yorkshire.

Politically, Handsworth is part of the Woodhouse ward in the Sheffield South East parliamentary constituency.
Muhlenberg legend
The Muhlenberg legend is an urban legend in the United States and Germany. According to the legend, the single vote of Frederick Muhlenberg, the first-ever Speaker of the US House of Representatives, prevented German from becoming an official language of the United States. The story has a long history and has been told in several variations, which may be based in part on actual events.

The United States, however, has no statutory official language; English has been used on a de facto basis because of its status as the country's predominant language, and has also been designated as the official language of the executive branch of the federal government by an executive order issued on March 1, 2025. Several US states have passed official language laws.

Executive Order 14224
Executive Order 14224, titled Designating English as the Official Language of the United States, is an executive order signed by Donald Trump on March 1, 2025, declaring English the official language of the United States. The order does not include specific rights and is largely symbolic.

This designation is an executive action directed at federal agencies and is not a federal statute, which would require an act of Congress. It repeals Executive Order 13166, ending the requirement for federal agency heads to make foreign language accommodations. Still, agencies are not prohibited from using languages other than English.
Blackleg (potatoes)
Blackleg is a plant disease of potato caused by pectolytic bacteria that can result in stunting, wilting, chlorosis of leaves, necrosis of several tissues, a decline in yield, and at times the death of the potato plant. The term "blackleg" originates from the typical blackening and decay of the lower stem portion, or "leg", of the plant.

Blackleg in potatoes is most commonly caused by Pectobacterium atrosepticum (older synonym: Erwinia carotovora subsp. astroseptica), a gram-negative, nonsporulating, facultative anaerobe that is also associated with soft rot of potatoes. While other bacterial species such as Pectobacterium carotovorum and Dickeya dadantii can exhibit symptoms similar to blackleg of potato, these pathogens exhibit broader host ranges, are present in different climates, and typically are more associated with soft rot diseases.

Plant disease
Plant diseases are diseases in plants caused by pathogens (infectious organisms) and environmental conditions (physiological factors). Organisms that cause infectious disease include fungi, oomycetes, bacteria, viruses, viroids, virus-like organisms, phytoplasmas, protozoa, nematodes and parasitic plants. Not included are ectoparasites like insects, mites, vertebrates, or other pests that affect plant health by eating plant tissues and causing injury that may admit plant pathogens. The study of plant disease is called plant pathology.
Jorge Baldemar Utrilla
Jorge Baldemar Utrilla Robles (born 21 April 1961) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). In the 2003 mid-terms he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies to represent the first district of Chiapas during the 59th Congress. He previously served as municipal president of Yajalón from 1980 to 1982 and from 1992 to 1995.

Yajalón
Yajalón is a city and municipality in the Mexican state of Chiapas in southern Mexico.

As of 2010, the municipality had a total population of 34,028, up from 26,044 as of 2005. It covers an area of 162.3 km2.

As of 2010, the city of Yajalón had a population of 16,622. Other than the city of Yajalón, the municipality had 247 localities, the largest of which (with 2010 populations in parentheses) were: Amado Nervo (1,362), and Lázaro Cárdenas (1,151), classified as rural.

Grolier Codex is believed to have been found in the Yajalon area. Carlson 2013
Pléven
Pléven (French pronunciation: [plevɛ̃]; Breton: Pleven) is a former commune in the Côtes-d'Armor department of Brittany in northwestern France, 70 km north west of Rennes. It was merged with Pluduno to form Val-d'Arguenon on 1 January 2025.

The Arguenon river flows through the commune.

Côtes-d'Armor
The Côtes-d'Armor (/koʊt dɑːrmər/ koht dar-mər, /-dɑːrmɔːr/ -⁠dar-mor; French pronunciation: [kot daʁmɔʁ] ⓘ; Breton: Aodoù-an-Arvor, [ˈoːdu ãn ˈarvor]), formerly known as Côtes-du-Nord until 1990 (Breton: Aodoù-an-Hanternoz, [ˈoːdu ãn ˌhãntɛrˈnoːs]), is a department in the north of Brittany, in northwestern France. In 2019, it had a population of 600,582.
Legh Barratt
Legh Barratt, erroneously recorded at times as Leigh Barratt (11 December 1871 – 14 December 1950) was an English cricketer from Altrincham in Cheshire, England.

Barratt played between 1894 and 1897, largely for Norfolk, though he also took part in two tours of the West Indies: Robert Slade Lucas' 1894–95 tour and Arthur Priestley's 1896–97 tour. He played all 15 of his first-class matches on these two tours, scoring 253 runs at an average of 11.00 and taking nine wickets at an average of 34.88.

He married Mary Thorburn in Cromer, Norfolk, in 1899. He died in Sheringham, Norfolk. He had two brothers, Gordon and William Barratt, who also played for Norfolk.

R. S. Lucas' cricket team in the West Indies in 1894–95
A team of amateur cricketers under the captaincy of Robert Slade Lucas toured the West Indies in the 1894–95 season, playing matches between January and April 1895. They played a total of 16 matches of which eight are regarded as first-class. It was the first visit of an English cricket team to the West Indies.
Desmond Carroll
Charles William Desmond Carroll (27 January 1919 – 14 February 2012) was the Archdeacon of Blackburn from 1983 to 1985.

Carroll was educated at St Columba's College, Dublin and Trinity College, Dublin. After an earlier career as a school teacher he was Vicar of Stanwix from 1950 to 1959; Director of Religious Education for the Diocese of Blackburn from  1959 to 1964; and a canon residentiary of Blackburn Cathedral from 1964 until his appointment as an archdeacon.

Blackburn Cathedral
Blackburn Cathedral, officially known as the Cathedral Church of Saint Mary the Virgin with Saint Paul, is an Anglican (Church of England) cathedral situated in the heart of Blackburn town centre, in Lancashire, England. The cathedral site has been home to a church for over a thousand years and the first stone church was built there in Norman times.
Clive Granger
Sir Clive William John Granger (/ˈɡreɪndʒər/; 4 September 1934 – 27 May 2009) was a British econometrician known for his contributions to nonlinear time series analysis. He taught in Britain, at the University of Nottingham and in the United States, at the University of California, San Diego. Granger was awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences in 2003 in recognition of the contributions that he and his co-winner, Robert F. Engle, had made to the analysis of time series data. This work fundamentally changed the way in which economists analyse financial and macroeconomic data.

Liberty Fund
Liberty Fund, Inc. is an American nonprofit foundation headquartered in Carmel, Indiana, that promotes the libertarian views of its founder, Pierre F. Goodrich, through publishing, conferences, and educational resources. The operating mandate of the Liberty Fund was set forth in an unpublished memo written by Goodrich "to encourage the study of the ideal of a society of free and responsible individuals".
Great Britain at the 1972 Summer Olympics
Great Britain, represented by the British Olympic Association (BOA), competed at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany. 284 competitors, 210 men and 74 women, took part in 159 events in 18 sports. British athletes have competed in every Summer Olympic Games.

The Great Britain team included 69-year-old equestrian Lorna Johnstone - the oldest British athlete ever to appear in the Olympic Games.

Lynne Evans
Lynne Avril Evans MBE (born 5 August 1948 in Birmingham ) is a retired British archer.  She competed at the 1972 Olympics and finished in 16th place.

She was appointed MBE in the 1997 Birthday Honours.
1994–95 Belarusian Cup
The 1994–95 Belarusian Cup was the fourth season of the annual Belarusian football cup competition.

Contrary to the league season, it was conducted in a fall-spring rhythm. It began on 3 August 1994 with the preliminary round and ended on 28 June 1995 with the final at the Dinamo Stadium in Minsk.

FC Dinamo Minsk were the defending champions, having defeated FC Fandok Bobruisk in the 1994 final, but were knocked out in the third round by FC Molodechno.

FC Dinamo-93 Minsk won the final against FC Torpedo Mogilev after the penalty shootout to win their first title.

FC Molodechno
FC Molodechno (Belarusian: ФК Маладзечна, romanized: FK Maladzyechna, Russian: ФК Молодечно) is a Belarusian professional football club based in Maladzyechna. They play in the Belarusian First League, the 2nd division in Belarusian football. Their home stadium is Molodechno City Stadium.
Drinkstone windmills
Drinkstone Windmills are a pair of windmills at Drinkstone, Suffolk, England. They consist a post mill  and a smock mill. The post mill is Grade I listed and the smock mill is Grade II* listed. The mills were known as Clover's Mills as they were always worked by the Clover family.

Windmill
A windmill is a machine operated by the force of wind acting on vanes or sails to mill grain (gristmills), pump water, generate electricity, or drive other machinery.
Windmills were used throughout the high medieval and early modern periods; the horizontal or panemone windmill first appeared in Persia during the 9th century, and the vertical windmill first appeared in northwestern Europe in the 12th century. Regarded as an icon of Dutch culture, there are approximately 1,000 windmills in the Netherlands today.
Bocchi
Bocchi is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Achille Bocchi (1488–1562), Italian writer

Alessandro Magnoli Bocchi (born 1968), Italian economist

Adolfo Bocchi (1892–?), Italian bobsledder

Amedeo Bocchi (1883–1976), Italian painter

Arrigo Bocchi (born c. 1871), British-Italian film director and producer

Dorotea Bocchi (1360–1436), Italian physician also known as Dorotea Bucca

Faustino Bocchi, Italian painter

Francesco Bocchi (1548–1613/1618), Italian writer

Giancarlo Bocchi, Italian filmmaker

Gianluca Bocchi (born 1954), Italian philosopher

Mabel Bocchi (1953–2025), Italian basketball player

Norberto Bocchi (born 1961), Italian bridge player

Tobia Bocchi (born 1997), Italian triple jumper

Dorotea Bucca
Dorotea Bocchi (1360–1436) (also sometimes referred to as Dorotea Bucca) was an Italian noblewoman known for studying medicine and philosophy. Dorotea was associated with the University of Bologna, though there are differing beliefs regarding the extent of her participation at the university ranging, from whether she taught or held a position there. Despite these debates, there is consensus that she flourished and was active at the university for more than 40 years, beginning from 1390 onwards.
Nicolas Rigault
Nicolas Rigault (Rigaltius; 1577-1654) was a French classical scholar.

Born in Paris, he was educated by the Jesuits. He was successively councillor of the parlement of Metz, procurator general at Nancy, and intendant of the province of Toul.

He prepared annotated editions of Phaedrus, Martial, Juvenal, Tertullian, Minucius Felix, Saint Cyprian, and also some mixed collections: Rei accipitrariæ scriptores, 1612; Rei agrariae scriptores, 1613.

He acted as librarian to Louis XIII. He used a pseudonym J. B. Aeduus.

Cyprian
Cyprian (/ˈsɪpriən/; Latin: Thascius Caecilius Cyprianus; c. 210 to 14 September 258 AD) was a bishop of Carthage and an early Christian writer of Berber descent, many of whose Latin works are extant. He is recognized as a saint in the Western and Eastern churches.

He was born around the beginning of the 3rd century in North Africa, perhaps at Carthage, where he received a classical education. Soon after converting to Christianity, he became a bishop in 249. A controversial figure during his lifetime, his strong pastoral skills, firm conduct during the Novatianist controversy and outbreak of the Plague of Cyprian (named for his description of it), and eventual martyrdom at Carthage established his reputation and proved his sanctity in the eyes of the Church.

His skilful Latin rhetoric led to his being considered the pre-eminent Latin writer of Western Christianity until Jerome and Augustine.
Uppland Runic Inscription Fv1953;263
Uppland Runic Inscription Fv1953;263 or U Fv1953;263 is the Rundata catalog listing for a Viking Age memorial runestone that was discovered at Helenelund, which is in Sollentuna, Stockholm County, Sweden, which was in the historic province of Uppland.

Sollentuna Municipality
Sollentuna Municipality (Swedish: Sollentuna kommun; [ˈsɔ̂lːɛnˌtʉːna kʊˈmʉːn] ⓘ) is a municipality in Stockholm County in east-central Sweden, approximately 14 kilometres north of the city centre of Stockholm. Its seat of local government is located in Tureberg, which is a part of Sollentuna urban area.
Fourier profilometry
Fourier profilometry is a method for measuring profiles using distortions in periodic patterns.  The method uses Fourier analysis (a 2-dimensional fast Fourier transform) to determine localized slopes on a curving surface.

This allows a x, y, z coordinate system of the surface to be generated from a single image which has been overlaid with the distortion pattern.

It is used specifically in measuring the shape of the human cornea for use in contact lens design.

Periodic function
A periodic function is a function that repeats its values at regular intervals. For example, the trigonometric functions, which are used to describe waves and other repeating phenomena, are periodic. Many aspects of the natural world have periodic behavior, such as the phases of the Moon, the swinging of a pendulum, and the beating of a heart.

The length of the interval over which a periodic function repeats is called its period. Any function that is not periodic is called aperiodic.
Bamonte
Bamonte is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Daryl Bamonte, English musician and artist manager

Gianluigi Bamonte (born 1984), Italian footballer

Perry Bamonte (1960–2025), English musician

Perry Bamonte
Perry Archangelo Bamonte (3 September 1960 – 24 December 2025) was an English musician and artist, best known as a guitarist and keyboardist for the Cure from 1990 to 2005, and again from 2022 to 2025. He was also the bassist for Love Amongst Ruin.
Franco-Giacomo Carbone
Franco-Giacomo Carbone is an American production designer.

He began as a set and costume designer in New York. He has worked off Broadway for Lincoln Center Theater, La Mama and others. He graduated from the American Film Institute in 1998. Carbone's very first film, Billy's Hollywood Screen Kiss, garnered favorable reviews nationwide for its bold production design.
 His motion picture credits include Sylvester Stallone's Rocky Balboa and John Rambo, William Friedkin's Bug, Eli Roth's Hostel and Cabin Fever, David Jacobson's Down in the Valley and James Cox's Wonderland.

La MaMa Experimental Theatre Club
La MaMa Experimental Theatre Club (sometimes abbreviated as La MaMa E.T.C.) is an Off-Off-Broadway theater founded in 1961 by African-American theatre director, producer, and fashion designer Ellen Stewart. Located in the East Village neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City, the theater began in the basement boutique where Stewart sold her fashion designs. Stewart turned the space into a theater at night, focusing on the work of young playwrights.
1989 Big West Conference men's basketball tournament
The 1989 Big West Conference men's basketball tournament was held March 8–11 at the Long Beach Arena in Long Beach, California. This was the first tournament after the Big West Conference renamed itself from the Pacific Coast Athletic Association (PCAA) in July 1988.

Top-seeded UNLV defeated New Mexico State in the final, 68–62, and captured their fifth PCAA/Big West championship. This was the Runnin' Rebels' fifth title in seven seasons.

The Rebels, in turn, received an automatic bid to the 1989 NCAA tournament, where they would advance to the Elite Eight.

1988–89 UNLV Runnin' Rebels basketball team
The 1988–89 UNLV Runnin' Rebels basketball team represented the University of Nevada Las Vegas as a member of the Big West Conference during the 1988–89 college basketball season. Led by head coach Jerry Tarkanian, the team played its home games in the Thomas & Mack Center. The Runnin' Rebels won conference regular season and tournament titles, reached the Elite Eight of the NCAA tournament, and finished with an overall record of 29–8.
Celso Míguez
Celso Míguez Pereira (born 1 May 1982 in Pontevedra, Galicia) is a Spanish former racing driver. He has competed in events such as the 2006 Formula Renault 3.5 World Series and 2007 Euroseries 3000.

Míguez was runner-up to Bruno Méndez in the 2009 European F3 Open season and collected five wins over the course of the races. In 2010, he raced in the Superleague Formula for Olympique Lyonnais.

Olympique Lyonnais (Superleague Formula team)
Olympique Lyonnais Superleague Formula team is the racing team of Olympique Lyonnais, a football team that competes in France in the Ligue 1. The Olympique Lyonnais racing team competes in the Superleague Formula. It made its debut in the 2009 season and was operated by Barazi-Epsilon.
Tosb
Tosp (Տոսպ in Armenian) is a district of Vaspurakan province of Historical Armenia.

The name came from the name Tushpa known as the capital of Araratian Kingdom aka Urartu. Tushpa was a name of Van city, and district called as Biaina or Biainili in the Urartu period, but after the Urartu gave the way to the Armenian Yervanduni Kingdom the district's name and the name of the city changed over. Biayna transformed to Van (city) and Tushpa to Tosp (district).

Tosp's lands were an indivisible part of Armenian culture and Armenian ethnicity since the Urartu era to the 1915-1923 Armenian genocide.

Culture of Armenia
The culture of Armenia encompasses many elements that are based on the geography, literature, architecture, dance, and music of the Armenian people. Armenia is a majority  Christian country in the Caucasus.
Alatsinainy Ambazaha
Alatsinainy Ambazaha is a rural municipality in Analamanga Region, in the  Central Highlands of Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Antananarivo-Atsimondrano and its populations numbers to 5,664 in 2019.

It is situated at 16 km in the South-West of the capital Antananrivo and constituted by the villages (fokontany) of : Ambohimahamanina, Morombato, Anjanamanoro, Isoatsimeloka and Ivatobe.

Analamanga
Analamanga is a region in central Madagascar, containing the capital Antananarivo and its surrounding metropolitan area. The region has an area of 17,488 square kilometres (6,752 square miles), and had a population of 4,325,226 in 2018.
Full on the Mouth
Full on the Mouth was an American industrial rock band initially formed during 1992 under the name of Lost Tribe in Flint, Michigan. The band mainly consisted of vocalist Dwight Mohrman, guitarist Grant Mohrman, and bassist Andrew Barancik. They released one album with Pioneer Electronics, Collide, in 1998. After extensive touring, they then disbanded in 2000.

Industrial rock
Industrial rock is a fusion genre that fuses industrial music and rock music. Originally emerging in the late 1970s to early 1980s, pioneered by artists such as Chrome, Killing Joke, Swans, Big Black and Skinny Puppy, the movement was further proliferated in the late 1980s by Wax Trax! Records in Chicago, with artists like Front 242, Front Line Assembly, KMFDM, and Sister Machine Gun.

Subsequently, the movement would lead to the emergence of genre fusions and subgenres like electro-industrial, industrial metal, martial industrial,  industrial hip-hop, industrial dance and industrial techno. By the 1990s, broader industrial music genres were made accessible to mainstream audiences through the popularity of acts such as Nine Inch Nails, Ministry, Rammstein, Marilyn Manson, all of whom released platinum-selling records.
Windmill
A windmill is a machine operated by the force of wind acting on vanes or sails to mill grain (gristmills), pump water, generate electricity, or drive other machinery.
Windmills were used throughout the high medieval and early modern periods; the horizontal or panemone windmill first appeared in Persia during the 9th century, and the vertical windmill first appeared in northwestern Europe in the 12th century. Regarded as an icon of Dutch culture, there are approximately 1,000 windmills in the Netherlands today.

Culture of the Netherlands
The culture of the Netherlands is diverse, reflecting regional differences as well as the foreign influences built up by centuries of the Dutch people's mercantile and explorative spirit. The Netherlands and its people have long played an important role as centre of cultural liberalism and tolerance. The Dutch Golden Age is popularly regarded as its zenith.