hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Outline of Toronto
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Toronto:

Toronto is the largest city in Canada and the provincial capital of Ontario. It is located in Southern Ontario on the northwestern shore of Lake Ontario. Toronto is a relatively modern city. Its history begins in the late 18th century, when the British Crown  purchased its land from the Mississaugas of the New Credit.

Toronto Police Service
The Toronto Police Service (TPS) is a municipal police force in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, and the primary agency responsible for providing law enforcement and policing services in Toronto. Established in 1834, it was the first local police service created in North America and is one of the oldest police services in the English-speaking world.

It is the largest municipal police service in Canada, and the fourth largest police force in Canada after Ontario Provincial Police (OPP), Sûreté du Québec (SQ), and the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP). With a 2023 budget of $1.16 billion, the Toronto Police Service ranks as the second largest expense of the City of Toronto's annual operating budget, after the Toronto Transit Commission (TTC).
2010 New York Yankees season
The 2010 New York Yankees season was the 108th season for the New York Yankees franchise. The Yankees were attempting to defend its status as American League and World Series champions, but lost in the ALCS to the Texas Rangers. The Yankees opened and closed the regular season against the Boston Red Sox at Fenway Park. This marked the first time since 1950 this happened. The Yankees and the Los Angeles Dodgers renewed their rivalry as the Bronx Bombers traveled west to face former Yankee icons Joe Torre and Don Mattingly, both of them current and future Dodgers managers.

The Yankees' regular season record for 2010 was 95 wins, 67 losses, second place in the American League East behind Tampa Bay and good for the AL Wild Card.

Johnny Damon
Johnny David Damon (born November 5, 1973) is an American former professional baseball outfielder who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1995 to 2012. During his MLB career, Damon played for the Kansas City Royals (1995–2000), Oakland Athletics (2001), Boston Red Sox (2002–2005), New York Yankees (2006–2009), Detroit Tigers (2010), Tampa Bay Rays (2011) and Cleveland Indians (2012). He also played for the Thailand national baseball team and was a member of the squad for the 2013 World Baseball Classic qualifiers.
Sangti Valley
Sangti Valley is located in Eastern Himalayan Foothills, West Kameng district of Arunachal Pradesh. Sangti River flows along with the valley. Sangti river meets with Dirang River at Dirang Dzong village, which is located near the Dirang town.

Sangti Valley is known for its picturesque scenery and weather. 
Sangti village is located onsite of valley and about 15 kilometres from Dirang. The valley is also a tourist destination for trekkers.

West Kameng district
West Kameng district (pronounced ˈkæmɛŋ) is a district of Arunachal Pradesh in northeastern India. It accounts for 8.86% of the total area of the state.  The name is derived from the Kameng river, a tributary of the Brahmaputra, that flows through the district.
Usambara hyliota
The Usambara hyliota (Hyliota usambara) is a species of Hyliota.
It is found only in the Usambara Mountains in Tanga Region of Tanzania.

Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, and plantations.
It is threatened by habitat loss.

Tanga Region
Tanga Region (Swahili: Mkoa wa Tanga) is one of Tanzania's 31 administrative regions. The region covers an area of 26,667 km2 (10,296 sq mi). The region is comparable in size to the combined land area of the nation state of Burundi. The regional capital is the municipality of Tanga city. Located in northeast Tanzania, the region is bordered by Kenya and Kilimanjaro Region to the north; Manyara Region to the west; and Morogoro and Pwani Regions to the south. It has a coastline to the east with the Indian Ocean. According to the 2022 national census, the region had a population of 2,615,597.
Columbia Law School
Columbia Law School (CLS) is the law school of Columbia University, a private Ivy League university in New York City.

The school was founded in 1858 as the Columbia College Law School. The university is known for its legal scholarship dating back to the 18th century. Graduates of the university's colonial predecessor, King's College, include such notable early-American legal figures as John Jay, the first chief justice of the United States, and Alexander Hamilton, the first Secretary of the Treasury, who were co-authors of The Federalist Papers.

Columbia Law has many distinguished alumni, including United States presidents Theodore Roosevelt and Franklin Delano Roosevelt; ten justices of the Supreme Court of the United States; numerous U.S. Cabinet members and presidential advisers; US senators; representatives; governors; and more members of the Forbes 400 than any other law school in the world.

Forbes 400
The Forbes 400 or 400 Richest Americans is a list published by Forbes magazine of the wealthiest 400 American citizens who own assets in the U.S., ranked by net worth. The 400 was started by Malcolm Forbes in 1982 and the list is published annually around September. Peter W. Bernstein and Annalyn Swan describe the Forbes 400 as capturing "a period of extraordinary individual and entrepreneurial energy, a time unlike the extended postwar years, from 1945 to 1982, when American society emphasized the power of corporations." Bernstein and Swan also describe it as representing "a powerful argument – and sometimes a dream – about the social value of wealth in contemporary America."

Since 2014, Forbes has published a "self-made score" alongside the list, indicating the degree to which each Forbes 400 member is responsible for their own wealth.
NGC 2532
NGC 2532 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation of Lynx. Its velocity with respect to the cosmic microwave background is 5,437±13 km/s, which corresponds to a Hubble distance of 261.6 ± 18.3 Mly (80.20 ± 5.62 Mpc). However, seven non-redshift measurements give a much closer mean distance of 128.97 ± 6.85 Mly (39.543 ± 2.099 Mpc). It was discovered by German-British astronomer William Herschel on 5 February 1788.

NGC 2532 has an active galactic nucleus, i.e. it has a compact region at the center of a galaxy that emits a significant amount of energy across the electromagnetic spectrum, with characteristics indicating that this luminosity is not produced by the stars.

Lick Observatory
The Lick Observatory is an astronomical observatory owned and operated by the University of California. It is on the summit of Mount Hamilton, in the Diablo Range just east of San Jose, California, United States. The observatory is managed by the University of California Observatories, with headquarters on the University of California, Santa Cruz campus, where its scientific staff moved in the mid-1960s. It is named after James Lick, who donated the funds for its construction.

The first new moon of Jupiter to be identified since the time of Galileo, Amalthea, the planet's fifth moon, was discovered at this observatory in 1892.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 514
United Nations Security Council resolution 514, adopted unanimously on 12 July 1982, after recalling Resolution 479 (1980) and noting the mediation efforts by the Secretary-General, Organisation of the Islamic Conference and the Non-Aligned Movement, the council expressed its deep concern at the prolonged conflict between Iran and Iraq.

Resolution 514 then called for a ceasefire between the two countries and a withdrawal by both to their internationally recognised border. It also asked the Secretary-General Javier Pérez de Cuéllar to continue with the mediation efforts and to report back to the council on attempts to implement the resolution within three months.

Javier Pérez de Cuéllar
Javier Felipe Ricardo Pérez de Cuéllar Guerra (/ˈpɛrɛs də ˈkweɪjɑːr/, Spanish: [xaˈβjeɾ ˈpeɾes ðe ˈkweʝaɾ]; 19 January 1920 – 4 March 2020) was a Peruvian diplomat and politician who served as the fifth secretary-general of the United Nations from 1982 to 1991. He later served as prime minister of Peru from 2000 to 2001.

His two terms as secretary-general coincided with the final decade of the Cold War, and he engaged in efforts to address the Iran–Iraq War, the Western Sahara conflict, the Cyprus problem, Namibian independence under the Tripartite Accord, the Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan, the Gulf War, and the opening of the Croatian War of Independence.

Pérez de Cuéllar was a member of the Club of Madrid, a group of former heads of state and government, and the Inter-American Dialogue.
Keith Mustow
Keith Robert Mustow (born 26 November 1972) is a former English cricketer.  Mustow was a left-handed batsman.  He was born in Cirencester, Gloucestershire.

Mustow made his debut for Oxfordshire in the 1995 Minor Counties Championship against Devon.  Mustow played Minor counties cricket for Oxfordshire from 1995 to 2006, which included 43 Minor Counties Championship matches and 19 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches. He made his List A debut against Lancashire in the 1996 NatWest Trophy.  He played 3 further List A matches, the last coming against Shropshire in the 2nd round of the 2002 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy which was held in 2001. In his 4 List A matches he scored 29 runs at a batting average of 7.25, with a high score of 13.

He has previously played for the Gloucestershire Second XI.

Shropshire County Cricket Club
Shropshire County Cricket Club is one of twenty minor county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Shropshire.

The team is a member of the Minor Counties Championship Western Division and plays in the MCCA Knockout Trophy. Shropshire played List A matches occasionally from 1974 until 2005, but is not classified as a List A team per se.

The club plays at Shrewsbury and around the county at Bridgnorth, Oswestry, Shifnal, Wellington, and Whitchurch.
Melody (magazine)
Melody (Japanese: メロディ, Hepburn: Merodi), stylized as MELODY, is a Japanese shōjo/josei manga magazine published on the 28th of even-numbered months by Hakusensha since August 28, 1997 (cover date September 1997).

Melody's primary demographic is older women; the publisher reported in 2021 that its readership was 50.8% OLs, 20.4% housewives, and 11.8% university students. Its last reported circulation was 36,500 in 2021, down from 39,200 in 2016.

Gatcha Gacha
Gatcha Gacha (Japanese: ガッチャガチャ) is a Japanese manga series by Yutaka Tachibana. The story centers on the struggling high school girl Yuri Muroi. The series was licensed in English by Tokyopop, with the first volume released on March 7, 2006, and the eighth volume released in December 2010.
CenturyTel of Colorado
CenturyTel of Colorado, Inc. is a telephone operating company owned by Lumen Technologies that provides local telephone service in Colorado, including Pagosa Springs. The company is separate from CenturyTel of Eagle and Qwest Corporation, the other local telephone companies CenturyLink owns in Colorado.

The company was established in 1976 as the Universal Telephone Company of Colorado. The company was acquired by Century Telephone in 1990 and in 1996 changed its name to Century Telephone of Colorado, Inc. In 1998, the company changed its name to CenturyTel of Colorado, Inc.

The company does business as CenturyLink, a name its parent company adopted in 2009 following the acquisition of Embarq. Lumen continues to use the CenturyLink brand for its home and small business operations.

Pagosa Springs, Colorado
Pagosa Springs (Ute language: Pagwöösa, Navajo language: Tó Sido Háálį́) is a home rule municipality that is the county seat of, the most populous community in, and the only incorporated municipality in Archuleta County, Colorado, United States.  As of the 2020 census, its population was 1,571.
Another Day in Paradise (album)
Another Day in Paradise is Strung Out's debut album with Fat Wreck Chords.  The album was released on May 15, 1994. It was remastered and re-released on April 15, 2014 as part of the first volume of Strung Out's 20th anniversary box set, featuring the remastered tracks from The Skinny Years...Before We Got Fat as bonus tracks.

Fat Wreck Chords
Fat Wreck Chords (pronounced "Fat Records") is an independent record label based in San Francisco focused on punk rock. It was started by NOFX lead singer Michael Burkett (better known as Fat Mike) and his wife at the time, Erin Burkett in 1990. As of 2009, Fat Wreck Chords released over 300 studio albums.
Fairbanks Grizzlies
The Fairbanks Grizzlies were a professional indoor football team based in Fairbanks, Alaska. The team was a member of the Pacific Division of the Intense Conference in the Indoor Football League (IFL). The Grizzlies began play in 2008 as a member of the Intense Football League and joined the IFL in 2008 as part of the Intense Football League and United Indoor Football (UIF) merger. The team played their home games at the Carlson Center in Fairbanks.

The Grizzlies were notable for being the northernmost professional gridiron football team in history; the Alaska Wild held the previous record, and before that, the Edmonton Eskimos. Grizzlies games were broadcast live on KCBF. (The northernmost gridiron football team of any sort is the high school football team of Barrow High School.)

The Grizzlies suspended operations in October 2011 in the face of lawsuits against the team.

Barrow High School
Barrow High School is a public high school in Utqiaġvik (formerly Barrow), Alaska, United States, operated by the North Slope Borough School District. As of the 2016–2017 school year, the school had 232 students.
Claude Marcus
Claude Nils Gustaf Marcus (born August 19, 1952 in Stockholm, Sweden) is a pediatrician at Karolinska University Hospital and Professor at the Karolinska Institute, most notably renowned for his research relating to childhood obesity.

Karolinska University Hospital
The Karolinska University Hospital (Swedish: Karolinska universitetssjukhuset) is a teaching hospital affiliated with Karolinska Institutet in Stockholm, Sweden, with two major sites in the municipalities of Solna and Huddinge. The hospital network is the second largest in Sweden, after the Sahlgrenska University Hospital.

The present day Karolinska University Hospital is the result of a 2004 merger between the former Huddinge University Hospital (Huddinge universitetssjukhus) in Huddinge, south of Stockholm, and the Karolinska Hospital (Karolinska sjukhuset) in Solna, north of Stockholm. The new hospital has about 15,000 employees and 1,340 patient beds. The Karolinska University Hospital is closely affiliated with the Karolinska Institutet. It incorporates the Astrid Lindgren Children's hospital in Solna and the Children's Hospital in Huddinge.

Since 2021, the hospital network has consistently ranked among the top 10 hospitals in the world according to Newsweek.
Danny Chiha
Danny Chiha (Arabic: داني شيحا) is a Lebanese rugby league footballer for the Windsor Wolves in the Jim Beam Cup and NSW Cup. He has played for the Lebanon national rugby league team, and was selected to play in the 2009 European Cup. His position of choice is at centre.

Windsor Wolves
The Windsor Wolves are a rugby league team based in the town of Windsor, New South Wales.  The club fields both junior and senior teams in the Penrith District Rugby League competitions. The club has fielded teams in semi-professional, New South Wales Rugby League competitions. In March 2020 the club re-entered the third-tier Ron Massey Cup and fourth-tier Sydney Shield competitions. These competitions were cancelled after one round of matches due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia. When the Sydney Shield was reorganised for a restart in July 2020, Windsor did not participate.
International Journal of Cancer
The International Journal of Cancer is a biweekly peer-reviewed medical journal covering experimental and clinical cancer research. It publishes original research articles, mini reviews, short reports, and letters to the editor. The journal was established in 1966 and is published by  John Wiley & Sons on behalf of the Union for International Cancer Control. The editor-in-chief is Christoph Plass (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum). According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 7.396.

Cancer research
Cancer research is research into cancer to identify causes and develop strategies for prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and cure.

Cancer research ranges from epidemiology, molecular bioscience to the performance of clinical trials to evaluate and compare applications of the various cancer treatments. These applications include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, immunotherapy and combined treatment modalities such as chemo-radiotherapy. Starting in the mid-1990s, the emphasis in clinical cancer research shifted towards therapies derived from biotechnology research, such as cancer immunotherapy and gene therapy.

Cancer research is done in academia, research institutes, and corporate environments, and is largely government funded.
Aki Lahtinen
Aki Lahtinen (born 31 October 1958) is a Finnish former footballer. Lahtinen was the second-ever Finnish player to play in the English top division. He was inducted to the Finnish Football Hall of Fame in 2022.

Finnish Football Hall of Fame
Finnish Football Hall of Fame is an honorary gallery which was established in 1993, and is located in the Football Museum of Finland (Finnish: Suomen Jalkapallomuseo) in Valkeakoski. Players, coaches, referees or other persons that are merited in developing the Finnish football are eligible to be named in the gallery.

The inductions are decided by a certain committee. The committee consists of representatives of the Football Association of Finland, Sports Museum of Finland, Football Museum of Finland and Pallo-Kopla, the association of Finnish sports journalists. A player is eligible to be named in the gallery after three years have passed since their playing career ended.
Max Warren
Max Warren (born 29 January 1993) is a former professional Australian rules footballer who played for the North Melbourne Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL).

Warren was drafted with the 10th selection in the 2012 rookie draft from Eastern Ranges in the TAC Cup. Warren made his debut in Round 15, 2014 against Brisbane Lions.

Warren was delisted at the conclusion of the 2014 AFL season after a disappointing three years with the North Melbourne Football Club, during which Warren only played one game for the club. He was redrafted in the 2015 rookie draft However, after failing to play a match in 2015, he was delisted again at the conclusion of the 2015 season.

Warren is now a Melbourne based real estate agent.

2011 AFL draft
The 2011 AFL draft consisted of five opportunities for player acquisitions during the 2011/12 Australian Football League off-season.

These were:

2011 trade week; which was held between 10 October and 17 October

A mini-draft of 17-year-old players, as part of the recruitment concessions given to the newly established Greater Western Sydney Giants, which was held on 13 October

The 2011 national draft; which was held on 24 November in Sydney.

The 2012 pre-season draft, held on 13 December 2011 and

The 2012 rookie draft, also on 13 December 2011.

It was the first national draft to feature the Greater Western Sydney Giants, who joined the league in 2012. It was the final draft period before the introduction of free agency in the 2012/13 offseason.
Spilomyia crandalli
Spilomyia crandalli, Crandall's Hornet Fly, is a rare species of syrphid fly first officially described by  Curran in 1951. This species is found in western North America near the Pacific coast. Hoverflies get their names from the ability to remain nearly motionless while in flight. The adults are also known as flower flies for they are commonly found around and on flowers, from which they get both energy-giving nectar and protein-rich pollen. The larvae are known as the short-tailed larvae, suited for moist areas such as rot holes of trees.

Charles Howard Curran
Charles Howard Curran (20 March 1894 – 23 January 1972) was a Canadian entomologist who specialized in Diptera. Curran's main taxonomic interests were in brachyceran flies, particularly the flower flies Syrphidae, in which he described 723 species.  He described 2,648 species over his career.  He was active in the study of insect control.  His 1934 work The Families and Genera of North American Diptera was an important and comprehensive work on the topic of North American fly genera.
Persian Patience
Persian Patience (or simply Persian) is a patience card game which is played with two decks of playing cards. The unusual feature of this game is the fact that the two decks are decks used in Piquet and Bezique, i.e. those that have the Deuces (twos), Treys (Threes), Fours, Fives, and Sixes removed.

Piquet
Piquet (/pɪˈkɛt/; French pronunciation: [pikɛ]) is an early 16th-century plain-trick card game for two players that became France's national game. David Parlett calls it a "classic game of relatively great antiquity... still one of the most skill-rewarding card games for two" but one which is now only played by "aficionados and connoisseurs." Historically also known as Sant or Saunt from the French Cent.
Collegium Marianum
Collegium Marianum is a Prague-based Czech early music orchestra founded in 1997 by the flautist Jana Semerádová. She graduated from the Prague Conservatory and the Philosophical faculty of Charles University, where she studied theory and performance practice of early music. She completed her studies at the Royal Conservatory of The Hague in the class of Wilbert Hazelzet. 
In the years 2008-2011, she taught the baroque transverse flute and leads master classes. Semerádová is also programme director of the concert cycle Baroque Soirées and the annual Letní slavnosti staré hudby (Summer Festivities of Early Music).

Transverse flute
A transverse flute or side-blown flute is a flute which is held horizontally when played. The player blows across the embouchure hole, in a direction perpendicular to the flute's body length.

Transverse flutes include the Western concert flute, the Irish flute, the Indian classical flutes (the bansuri and the venu), the Chinese dizi, the Western fife, a number of Japanese fue, and Korean flutes such as daegeum, junggeum and sogeum.
Quadrisemicoscinium
Quadrisemicoscinium is an extinct genus of fenestrate bryozoan, known from the Early Devonian period, of the family Semicosciniidae. It formed net-like colonies of relatively thick branches with two rows of autozooids per branch, supported by a vesicular skeleton.

Early Devonian
The Early Devonian is the first of three epochs comprising the Devonian period, corresponding to the Lower Devonian series. It lasted from 419.62 ± 1.36 to 393.47 ± 0.99 and began with the Lochkovian Stage 419.62 ± 1.36 to 413.02 ± 0.99, which was followed by the Pragian from 413.02 ± 1.36 to 410.62 ± 0.99 and then by the Emsian, which lasted until the Middle Devonian began, 393.47± 0.99 million years ago.
During this time, the first ammonoids appeared, descending from bactritoid nautiloids. Ammonoids during this time period were simple and differed little from their nautiloid counterparts. These ammonoids belong to the order Agoniatitida, which in later epochs evolved to new ammonoid orders, for example Goniatitida and Clymeniida. This class of cephalopod molluscs would dominate the marine fauna until the beginning of the Mesozoic Era.