hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2023–24 CONCACAF Nations League B
The 2023–24 CONCACAF Nations League B was the second division of the 2023–24 edition of the CONCACAF Nations League, the third season of the international football competition involving the men's national teams of the 41 member associations of CONCACAF. It was held from 7 September to 21 November 2023.

CONCACAF Nations League
The CONCACAF Nations League (Spanish: Liga de Naciones de la CONCACAF, French: Ligue des Nations de la CONCACAF) is an association football competition organized by CONCACAF as its secondary continental tournament for men's senior national teams from North America, Central America and the Caribbean. The tournament takes place on dates allocated for international friendlies on the FIFA International Match Calendar. A one-time qualifying tournament took place from September 2018 to March 2019, with its inaugural edition in 2019.
Communion (book)
Communion: A True Story is a book by American ufologist and horror author Whitley Strieber that was first published in February 1987. The book is based on the supposed experiences of Whitley Strieber, who experiences "lost time" and terrifying flashbacks, which hypnosis undertaken by Budd Hopkins later links to an alleged encounter with aliens. Communion was a nonfiction best seller for six months in 1987.

The book was later made into a film directed by Philippe Mora and starring Christopher Walken as Strieber and Lindsay Crouse as his wife, Anne.  A 2008 trade paperback edition presents a new preface by the author.

Strieber compares the "familiar" being he sees, whom he describes as female, to the Sumerian goddess Ishtar.

Ufology
Ufology, sometimes written UFOlogy (US: /juːˈfɑːlədʒi/ or UK: /juːˈfɒlədʒi/), is the investigation of unidentified flying objects (UFOs) by people who believe that they may be of extraordinary origins (most frequently of extraterrestrial alien visitors). While there are instances of government, private, and fringe science investigations of UFOs, ufology is generally regarded by skeptics and science educators as an example of pseudoscience.
Lyrakeryx
Lyrakeryx  is an extinct genus of giraffid artiodactyl ungulates from the Miocene Chinji Formation of Pakistan. The genus contains a single species, Lyrakeryx sherkana, known from a partial skull and fragmentary ossicones. Lyrakeryx may be a member of the subfamily Sivatheriinae, making it the oldest known record of this clade.

Sivatheriinae
Sivatheriinae is an extinct subfamily of giraffids characterized by their robust size, short limbs, and the presence of large complicated ossicones in males. These animals lived in Asia, Africa, and parts of Europe from the late Miocene and early Pleistocene.
Mehdi Mahmoudian
Mehdi Mahmoudian (born 1978) is an Iranian political prisoner and reformist activist and a member of the Islamic Iran Participation Front and the Association for the Defense of Prisoners' Rights of the Iranian reformist party.

Islamic Iran Participation Front
The Islamic Iran Participation Front (Persian: جبهه مشارکت ایران اسلامی; Jebheye Mosharekate Iran-e Eslaami) was a reformist political party in Iran. It was sometimes described as the most dominant member within the 2nd of Khordad Front.

The party took 189 of the 290 seats (65%) in the Sixth Majlis.

In the aftermath of the Green Movement protests, its license was revoked and the party was subsequently barred from contesting elections.
United Communications
United Communications Corporation (UCC) was a privately owned operator of three television stations in the U.S. states of Minnesota and New York. The company was the publisher of the Kenosha News of Kenosha, Wisconsin and two other daily newspapers.

Mankato, Minnesota
Mankato (/mænˈkeɪtoʊ/ ⓘ man-KAY-toh) is a city in Blue Earth, Nicollet, and Le Sueur counties in the U.S. state of Minnesota. It is the county seat of Blue Earth County. It is the 21st-largest city in Minnesota and fourth-largest outside of the Minneapolis–Saint Paul area, with a population of 44,488 at the 2020 census. The Mankato–North Mankato metropolitan area has an estimated 105,000 residents.

Mankato lies along a large bend of the Minnesota River at its confluence with the Blue Earth River. The city is home to Minnesota State University, the state's second-largest university by enrollment.
Dressing Funny
Dressing Funny is an American web series talk show hosted by Tan France. It streams on Netflix' YouTube channel, Netflix Is a Joke. The series premiered on June 21, 2019.

The series won The Webby People's Voice award as best variety program in May 2020.

Webby Awards
The Webby Awards (colloquially referred to as the Webbys) are awards for excellence on the Internet presented annually by the International Academy of Digital Arts and Sciences, a judging body composed of over three thousand industry experts and technology innovators. Categories include websites, advertising and media, online film and video, mobile sites and apps, and social.

Two winners are selected in each category, one by members of The International Academy of Digital Arts and Sciences, and one by the public who cast their votes during Webby People's Voice voting. Each winner presents a five-word acceptance speech, a trademark of the annual awards show.

In its early years, the award was hailed as the "Internet’s highest honor" and was associated with the phrase "The Oscars of the Internet."
Skyscaping
Skyscaping is the arrangement of natural materials (landscaping) to spell words or form logos to be visible from the air.

Skyscaping differs from "googlescaping" in that the latter refers specifically to planning an image or words to be visible on future editions of Google Earth. Despite the technical differences, the terms are often used interchangeably.

This concept for this kind of vanity branding was created in ColoradoBiz magazine November 2011, but a company has been actually installing skyscaping since 2010.

Some homeowners are also skyscaping, by placing dark pavers that spell their last name in the pattern of their lighter colored driveway pavers, and some are planting shrubbery to spell out names. There are other ways to achieve the same result, by placing a flagstone path in grass in the pattern of a logo, etc.

Some companies with large black roofed warehouses have foam letters made to be placed on the roof.

Logo
A logo (abbreviation of logotype; from Ancient Greek  λόγος (lógos) 'word, speech' and  τύπος (túpos) 'mark, imprint') is a graphic mark, emblem, or symbol used to aid and promote public identification and recognition. It may be of an abstract or figurative design or include the text of the name that it represents, as in a wordmark.

In the days of hot metal typesetting, a logotype was one word cast as a single piece of type (e.g. "The" in ATF Garamond), as opposed to a ligature, which is two or more letters joined, but not forming a word. By extension, the term was also used for a uniquely set and arranged typeface or colophon. At the level of mass communication and in common usage, a company's logo is today often synonymous with its trademark or brand.
Uday Samant
Uday Samant  is an Indian politician and leader of Shiv Sena from Maharashtra. He is Cabinet Minister of Ministry of Industries (Maharashtra). He is current Member of Legislative Assembly from Ratnagiri. He has been elected to Vidhan Sabha for five consecutive terms in 2004, 2009, 2014, 2019 and 2024.

Eknath Shinde ministry
Eknath Shinde was sworn in as the Chief Minister of Maharashtra on 30 June 2022, on resignation of his predecessor Uddhav Thackeray. Shinde led a government consisting of Shiv Sena, the NCP and the BJP.
SB-431542
SB-431542 is a drug candidate developed by GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) as an inhibitor of the activin receptor-like kinase (ALK) receptors, ALK5, ALK4 and ALK7.  However, it is not an inhibitor of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (which are commonly known as ALK inhibitors).

ACVR1C
The activin A receptor also known as ACVR1C or ALK-7 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ACVR1C gene. ACVR1C is a type I receptor for the TGFB family of signaling molecules.

ACVR1C transduces signals of Nodal. Nodal binds to ACVR2B and then forms a complex with ACVR1C. These go on to recruit the R-SMADs SMAD2 or SMAD3.

Upon ligand binding, type I receptors phosphorylate cytoplasmic SMAD family transcription factors, which then translocate to the nucleus and interact directly with DNA or in complex with other transcription factors.
Coandă effect
The Coandă effect (/ˈkwɑːndə/ or /ˈkwæ-/) is the tendency of a fluid jet to stay attached to a surface of any form. Merriam-Webster describes it as "the tendency of a jet of fluid emerging from an orifice to follow an adjacent flat or curved surface and to entrain fluid from the surroundings so that a region of lower pressure develops."

It is named after Romanian inventor Henri Coandă, who was the first to recognize the practical application of the phenomenon in aircraft design around 1910. It was first documented explicitly in two patents issued in 1936.

Merriam-Webster
Merriam-Webster, Incorporated is an American company that publishes reference books and is mostly known for its dictionaries. It is the oldest dictionary publisher in the United States.

In 1831, George and Charles Merriam founded the company as G & C Merriam Co. in Springfield, Massachusetts. In 1843, after Noah Webster died, the company bought the rights to An American Dictionary of the English Language from Webster's estate. All Merriam-Webster dictionaries trace their lineage to this source.

In 1964, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., acquired Merriam-Webster, Inc., as a subsidiary. The company adopted its current name, Merriam-Webster, Incorporated, in 1982.
Cooktownia
Cooktownia robertsii, commonly known as mystery orchid, is the only species of plant in the orchid genus Cooktownia and is endemic to far north Queensland. It is a rare ground orchid, named in honour of the first scientist to discover it, Lewis Roberts and has two ground-hugging leaves and up to nine small green flowers. It is an unusual species because of its highly modified column which lacks pollen and does not have a receptive stigma.

Column (botany)
The column, or technically the gynostemium, is a reproductive structure that can be found in several plant families: Aristolochiaceae, Orchidaceae, and Stylidiaceae.

It is derived from the fusion of both male and female parts (stamens and pistil) into a single organ. The top part of the column is formed by the anther, which is covered by an anther cap. This means that the style and stigma of the pistil, with the filaments  and one or more anthers, are all united.
William Blagheen
William Blagheen (born c. 1832, date of death unknown), also known as William Blagden, was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions at the Battle of Mobile Bay.

Union navy
The Union navy is used to describe the United States Navy (USN) during the American Civil War, when it fought the Confederate States Navy (CSN). The term is sometimes used to describe vessels of war used on the rivers of the interior under the control of the Union army.
Bordolano
Bordolano (Soresinese: Burdulàa) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cremona in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) southeast of Milan and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) north of Cremona.

Bordolano borders the following municipalities: Casalbuttano ed Uniti, Castelvisconti, Corte de' Cortesi con Cignone, Quinzano d'Oglio.

Eastern Lombard dialects
Eastern Lombard is a group of closely related variants of Lombard, a Gallo-Italic language
 spoken in Lombardy, mainly in the provinces of Bergamo, Brescia and Mantua, in the area around Cremona and in parts of Trentino. Its main variants are Bergamasque and Brescian.

In Italian-speaking contexts, Eastern Lombard is often called as dialetti (lit. 'dialects'), understood to mean not a variety of Italian, but a local language that is part of the Romance languages dialect continuum that pre-dates the establishment of Tuscan-based Italian.

Eastern Lombard and Italian have only limited mutual intelligibility, like many other Romance languages spoken in Italy.

Eastern Lombard does not have any official status either in Lombardy or anywhere else: the only official language in Lombardy is Italian.
Donovans, Newfoundland and Labrador
Donovans was a village located west of St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, eastern Canada. It had a population of 325 by 1956. It has been absorbed by the Town of Paradise where population density is 3,338 per square mile.

Paradise, Newfoundland and Labrador
Paradise is a town on the Avalon Peninsula in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. Paradise is the third largest settlement in the province and is part of the St. John's metropolitan area, the 20th largest metropolitan area in Canada.
Murarchak in paliganj
Murarchak is a village which comes under Chandos Gram Panchayat in Patna district in the Indian state of Bihar. It comes under Sigori Police Station and Paliganj Vidhan Sabha constituency and Pataliputra lok sabha constituency

Patna district
Patna district is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar state in eastern India. Patna, the capital of Bihar, is the district headquarters. The Patna district is a part of the Patna division. The Patna district is divided into 6 Subdivisions (Tehsils) i.e. Patna Sadar, Patna City, Barh, Masaurhi, Danapur and Paliganj.

As of 2011, it is the most populous district of Bihar and the fifteenth most populous district in India.

The revenue district of Patna comes under the jurisdiction of a District Collector (District Magistrate). The office of the Patna DM is in the Patna Collectorate.
Olindo
Olindo is a given name. Notable people with the given name include:

Olindo Guerrini (1845-1916), Italian poet

Olindo Iacobelli (born 1945), Italian racing driver

Olindo Koolman (born 1942), Aruban politician

Olindo Mare (born 1973), American football player

Olindo Vernocchi (1888-1948), Italian politician and journalist

Olindo Vernocchi
Olindo Vernocchi (Forlimpopoli, 12 April 1888 – Rome, 9 March 1948) was an Italian politician, journalist and anti- fascist, national secretary of the Italian Socialist Party (PSI), member of the Constituent Assembly of Italy and president of the Istituto Luce.
1988 Benson & Hedges Championships – Doubles
Miloslav Mečíř and Tomáš Šmíd were the defending champion, but Mečíř did not compete this year. Šmíd teamed up with Jakob Hlasek and lost in the quarterfinals to Marty Davis and Brad Drewett.

Ken Flach and Robert Seguso won the title by defeating Davis and Drewett 7–5, 6–2 in the final.

Brad Drewett
Brad Drewett (19 July 1958 – 3 May 2013) was an Australian tennis player and ATP official. He was the 1975 and 1977 Australian Open junior champion and the youngest player at age 17 to win the title since Ken Rosewall and John Newcombe. He was also the third-youngest Australian Open quarterfinalist in his first Grand Slam appearance, at 17 years 5 months in 1975, behind Boris Becker, 17 years 4 days in 1984 and Goran Ivanišević, 17 years 4 months in 1989.

Drewett won two career singles titles, reached the quarterfinals of the 1976 Australian Open and attained a career-high singles ranking of world No. 34 in March 1984. In doubles, he won seven titles and reached as high as world No. 18 in November 1988.
Nathalie van Berkel
Nathalie van Berkel (born 25 August 1982) is a Dutch civil servant, executive and former politician of the Democrats 66 (D66). In the 2025 general election, she was elected to the House of Representatives. She was previously a member of the executive board of the Employee Insurance Agency (UWV).

Ministry of Finance (Netherlands)
The Ministry of Finance (Dutch: Ministerie van Financiën; FIN) is the Dutch Ministry responsible for economic policy, monetary policy, fiscal policy, tax policy, incomes policy, financial regulation, the government budget and the financial market. The Ministry was created in 1798 as the Department of Finance of the Batavian Republic. It became the Ministry of Finance in 1876. The Minister of Finance (Dutch: Minister van Financiën) is the head of the Ministry and a member of the Cabinet of the Netherlands. The current Minister is Eelco Heinen.
Bortkiewicz
Bortkiewicz (Polish pronunciation: [bɔrtˈkjɛvitʂ]) is a surname of Polish-language origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Ladislaus Bortkiewicz (Polish: Władysław Bortkiewicz, Russian: Владислав Иосифович Бортке́вич; 1868–1931), Polish-Russian economist and statistician
For Bortkiewicz distribution, see Poisson distribution
For Bortkiewicz' interpretation of Karl Marx's value theory, see Temporal single-system interpretation

Sergei Bortkiewicz, Russian and Austrian pianist and composer of Polish origins

Paweł Bortkiewicz

Wincenty Bortkiewicz

Sergei Bortkiewicz
Sergei Eduardovich Bortkiewicz (28 February 1877 [O.S. 16 February] – 25 October 1952) was a Romantic composer and pianist. He moved to Vienna in 1922 and became a naturalized Austrian citizen in 1926.
Mizuhobaris
Mizuhobaris is an extinct genus of shelled octopods from the Late Miocene.

M. lepta was found in the Los Angeles Basin, California. This species is characterised by low radial ribs on a thin, keelless, planispirally coiled eggcase. It represents the first Argonautidae fossil from the Western Hemisphere.

Western Hemisphere
The Western Hemisphere is the half of the planet Earth that lies west of the Prime Meridian and east of the 180th meridian. The other half is called the Eastern Hemisphere. In the United States, the term "Western Hemisphere" is often used as a metonym for the Americas, even though geographically, the hemisphere also includes parts of other continents.
Jack Schroeder
Jack Schroeder (August 21, 1925 – December 19, 2017) was an American politician in the state of Iowa.

Schroeder was born in Davenport, Iowa. He attended law school at Drake University and was a lawyer. He was also a former chairman of the board of directors and chief executive officer of General Life of Iowa Investment Company and General Life of Iowa Insurance Company. He is also a veteran of the U.S. Navy Air Forces. Schroeder served in the Iowa House from 1951 to 1955 for district 43, and in the State Senate from 1955 to 1967. In the Senate, he represented District 21 from 1955 to 1963, and District 17 from 1963 to 1967. In the 58th Iowa General Assembly, he was majority leader of the Senate.

Iowa House of Representatives
41°35′28″N 93°36′14″W﻿ / ﻿41.591°N 93.604°W﻿ / 41.591; -93.604

The Iowa House of Representatives is the lower house of the Iowa General Assembly, the upper house being the Iowa Senate. There are 100 seats in the Iowa House of Representatives, representing 100 single-member districts across the state, formed by dividing the 50 Senate districts in half. Each district has a population of approximately 30,464 as of the 2010 United States census. The House of Representatives meets at the Iowa State Capitol in Des Moines.

Unlike the upper house, the Iowa Senate, state House representatives serve two-year terms with the whole chamber up for re-election in even-numbered years. There are no term limits for the House.
Brother Nature (film)
Brother Nature is a 2016 American comedy film directed by Osmany Rodriguez and Matt Villines, from a screenplay by Mikey Day, Cameron Fay, and Taran Killam. It stars Killam, Bobby Moynihan, Gillian Jacobs, Rita Wilson and Bill Pullman. The film was released in a limited release and through video on demand on September 9, 2016, by Insurge Pictures and Samuel Goldwyn Films.

The film was originally titled Brother in Laws.

It is the last film by Insurge Pictures, as the company was absorbed into Paramount Pictures the year before the film's release.

Samuel Goldwyn Films
Samuel Goldwyn Films, LLC is an American film company that licenses, releases and distributes art-house, independent and foreign films. It was founded by Samuel Goldwyn Jr., the son of the Hollywood business magnate/mogul, Samuel Goldwyn. The current incarnation is a successor to The Samuel Goldwyn Company.
Pretoria City (House of Assembly of South Africa constituency)
Pretoria City (Afrikaans: Pretoria-Stad) was a constituency in the Transvaal Province of South Africa, which existed from 1938 to 1958. It covered parts of the city centre of Pretoria, the administrative capital of South Africa. Throughout its existence it elected one member to the House of Assembly and one to the Transvaal Provincial Council.

Transvaal (province)
The Province of Transvaal (Afrikaans: Provinsie van Transvaal), commonly referred to as the Transvaal (/ˈtrɑːnsvɑːl, ˈtræns-/; Afrikaans: [transˈfɑːl]), was a province of South Africa from 1910 until 1994, when a new constitution subdivided it following the end of apartheid. The name "Transvaal" is from the Latin prefix trans, which means across from, or on the other side. Hence, Transvaal refers to the province's geographical location to the north of the Vaal River. Its capital was Pretoria, which was also the country's executive capital.
Tim Routledge
Tim Routledge is a British lighting designer, creative designer, and lighting director who works in television, music concerts, outdoor events, award shows, and variety shows.

Routledge's recent work as Lighting Designer includes the Eurovision Song Contest 2023, Spice Girls Stadium Tour 2019, Stormzy's headline slot at Glastonbury Festival 2019, Beyonce's Formation World Tour 2016, Sam Smith's Thrill of It All Tour 2018-19, the live studio shows of the 2016/17/18/19 series of The X Factor UK, solo tours and live TV concerts for musician Gary Barlow, Take That, Jeff Lynne's ELO, Royal Blood, Dave, Florence & The Machine, Rita Ora, and Steps.

Spice World – 2019 Tour
Spice World – 2019 Tour was the fourth and last concert tour by English girl-group the Spice Girls, and the group’s first large-stadium tour. It was the group's only tour without Victoria Beckham, and only visited cities in Great Britain and Ireland. Spice World commenced on 24 May 2019 at Croke Park, Dublin, to a sold-out crowd of over 74,000 people, and ended on 15 June 2019 at Wembley Stadium, London, after three dates performed for over 220,000 fans. Across the 13 sold-out dates, the tour produced almost 700,000 spectators and earned $78.2 million in ticket sales.

The three-night sellout run at Wembley Stadium was the highest-grossing engagement of the year, winning the 2019 Billboard Live Music Award for Top Boxscore.
Naima Coster
Naima Coster is a Dominican-American writer known for her debut novel, Halsey Street, which was published in January 2018. Coster is the recipient of numerous awards including a Pushcart Prize nomination.

Pushcart Prize
The Pushcart Prize is an American literary prize published by Pushcart Press that honors the best "poetry, short fiction, essays or literary whatnot" published in the small presses over the previous year. Magazine and small book press editors are invited to submit up to six works they have featured. Since 1976, anthologies of selected works have been published on an annual basis. These initiatives are supported and staffed entirely by dedicated volunteers.
Seo Bok-seob
Seo Bok-seob (also spelled Suh Bok-sup; Korean: 서복섭) was the first student to study under hapkido founder Choi Yong-sool, with whom he founded the art's first school, the Daehan Hapki Yu Kwon Sool dojang in Daegu, Korea. Moving to Seoul he later became a professor of East Asian medicine and worked for a time at Kyung Hee University.

Dojo
A dōjō (道場; Japanese pronunciation: [doꜜː(d)ʑoː]) is a hall or place for immersive learning, experiential learning, or meditation. This is traditionally in the field of martial arts. The term literally means "place of the Way" in Japanese.