hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
F. D. Roosevelt Airport
F. D. Roosevelt Airport (IATA: EUX, ICAO: TNCE) is the airport located on the Dutch Caribbean island of Sint Eustatius. It was opened as "Golden Rock Airport" in 1946 and renamed for Franklin Delano Roosevelt. As of 2012, the only commercial aircraft that serves the island is the DHC-6 Twin Otter (can operate chartered flights with Britten-Norman Islander and Cessna 208 Caravan), although the runway can accommodate larger turboprop aircraft and some smaller jets. As of 2023, the largest aircraft type to operate at the airport is the ATR 42.

President Roosevelt had Dutch ancestors and in 1939 presented Sint Eustatius with a plaque in recognition of the "First Salute," the first official salute of the flag of the newly declared independent United States in 1776. Members of the Roosevelt family lived on St. Eustatius in the 18th century and had possessions on the island.

ATR 42
The ATR 42 is a regional airliner produced by Franco-Italian manufacturer ATR, with final assembly in Toulouse, France.

On 4 November 1981, the aircraft was launched with ATR, as a joint venture between French Aérospatiale (now part of Airbus) and Aeritalia (now Leonardo S.p.A.).
The ATR 42-300 performed its maiden flight on 16 August 1984 and type certification was granted during September 1985.
Launch customer Air Littoral operated its first revenue-earning flight in December of that year.

The high-wing airliner is powered by two turboprop engines, Pratt & Whitney Canada PW120s.
The number "42" in its name is derived from the aircraft's original standard seating capacity of 42 passengers.

Later variants are upgraded with new avionics, a glass cockpit, and newer engine versions.
The ATR 42 is the basis for the stretched ATR 72, introduced in October 1989.
Payanangal Mudivathillai (soundtrack)
The soundtrack for the 1982 Tamil-language film Payanangal Mudivathillai featured seven songs composed by Ilaiyaraaja, written by Vairamuthu, Gangai Amaran and Muthulingam and performed by S. P. Balasubrahmanyam and S. Janaki. The film, directed by R. Sundarrajan and produced by Kovaithambi of Motherland Pictures—marking their maiden film for Sundarrajan and Kovaithambi as director and producer—stars Mohan and Poornima Jayaram. It was released on Ilaiyaraaja's label Echo Records in LP records and cassettes.

Muthulingam (poet)
Subbiah Muthulingam  (born 20 March 1942) is an Indian songwriter. He wrote over 1,500 Tamil film songs, and was the winner of Kalaimamani, Pavender Bharathidasan Award, Best Songwriter Award, Artist Award. Muthulingam was appointed as the Tamil Nadu poet laureate in 1980s by the then Tamil Nadu's Chief Minister M.G. Ramachandran and was also a Member of Legislative Council (MLC), before it was abolished.
Lloyd Young
Frederick Lloyd Young (May 27, 1903 – July 10, 1978) was an American football player.

Young was born in 1903 in Austin, Minnesota. He played college football for Macalester College and the University of North Dakota. He also played professional football at the guard, center, tackle, and end positions in the National Football League (NFL) for the Providence Steam Roller from 1925 to 1927 and the Minneapolis Red Jackets from 1929 to 1930. He appeared in 35 NFL games, 24 as a starter.

His brother Sam Young also played in the NFL.

Young died  in 1978 in Austin, Minnesota.

Macalester College
Macalester College (/məˈkælɪstər/ mə-KAL-iss-tər) is a private liberal arts college in Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States. Founded in 1874, Macalester is exclusively an undergraduate institution with an enrollment of 2,068 students in the fall of 2025. The college has Scottish and Presbyterian roots and emphasizes internationalism and multiculturalism.

In 2023, the college offered 39 majors, 40 minors, and 11 concentrations. Students also have the option to design their own major. Macalester's sports teams compete in the NCAA Division III-level Minnesota Intercollegiate Athletic Conference. The college's 60-acre main campus is bordered by Summit Avenue to the north and St. Clair Avenue to the south. The 300-acre Ordway Field Station, a nature reserve and research station, is on the outskirts of the Twin Cities, along the Mississippi River.
Mallory's Oracle
Mallory's Oracle is the first novel in the Kathy Mallory series by author Carol O'Connell. The book was nominated for an Edgar Award and a Dilys Award. It was first published by Hutchinson in May 1994 in the UK, then in August that year by Putnam in the US.

Edgar Awards
The Edgar Allan Poe Awards, popularly called the Edgars, are presented every year by the Mystery Writers of America which is based in New York City. Named after American writer Edgar Allan Poe (1809–1849), a pioneer in the genre, the awards honor the best in mystery fiction, non-fiction, television, film, and theater published or produced in the previous year.
Flat (landform)
A flat is a relatively level surface of land within a region of greater relief, such as hills or mountains, usually used in the plural. The term is often used to name places with such features, for example, Yucca Flat or Henninger Flats.

Flat is also used to describe other level geographic areas as mud flats or salt flats.

Henninger Flats
Henninger Flats is a small hanging basin 2,600 feet (792.5 m) above sea level in the San Gabriel Mountains in the Angeles National Forest. It was part of the Mount Wilson Toll Road. The trailhead to reach the flats is at the top end of Eaton Canyon in Pasadena, California.
Power Spot
Power Spot is an album by the American trumpet player and composer Jon Hassell. It was released in 1986 through ECM Records. It was recorded in 1983 and 1984.

The cover art reproduces the Whirling Snakes or Whirling Mountain sandpainting of the Navajo Shooting Chant, one of the most important and most complex of the Navajo healing ceremonies.

Sandpainting
Sandpainting is the art of pouring coloured sands, and powdered pigments from minerals or crystals, or pigments from other natural or synthetic sources onto a surface to make a fixed or unfixed sand painting. Unfixed sand paintings have a long established cultural history in numerous social groupings around the globe, and are often temporary, ritual paintings prepared for religious or healing ceremonies.  This form of art is also referred to as drypainting.

Drypainting is practised by Native Americans in the Southwestern United States, by Tibetan and Buddhist monks, as well as Indigenous Australians, and also by Latin Americans on certain Christian holy days.
Lembeja vitticollis
Lembeja vitticollis is a species of cicada, also known as the brown leaf cicada, in the true cicada family, Cicadettinae subfamily and Pictilini tribe. The species is endemic to Australia. It was described in 1912 by Australian entomologist Julian Howard Ashton.

Cicadidae
Cicadidae, the true cicadas, is one of two families of cicadas, with about 3,400 species in over 520 genera worldwide; it contains most living cicada species, except for the two belonging to its sister taxon, the Tettigarctidae.  The classification of this family, of often very similar insects, has undergone many revisions, continuing into the 21st century; for example, many species previously assigned to the type genus Cicada, are now placed in different tribes.
Carbacanthographis aptrootii
Carbacanthographis aptrootii is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichen in the family Graphidaceae. Found in Yunnan, China, it was formally described as a new species in 2022 by Shirley Cunha Feuerstein and Robert Lücking. The type specimen was collected in Xishuangbanna Primeval Forest Park (Xishuangbanna, Yunnan) at an altitude of 600 m (2,000 ft). It is only known to occur at the type locality. It has a greyish to yellowish grey thallus that lacks both a cortex and a prothallus. It contains norstictic acid, a lichen product that can be detected using thin-layer chromatography. The collector of the type, Dutch lichenologist André Aptroot, is honoured in the specific epithet "for his numerous, important contributions to tropical lichenology".

Cortex (botany)
In botany, a cortex is an outer layer of a stem or root in a vascular plant, lying below the epidermis but outside of the vascular bundles. The cortex is composed mostly of large thin-walled parenchyma cells of the ground tissue system and shows little to no structural differentiation. The outer cortical cells often acquire irregularly thickened cell walls, and are called collenchyma cells.
Gat air pistol
The Gat air pistol was an air pistol of British origin. The pistol can fire .177 pellets, ball bearings, darts and also corks. The Gat pistol has also become popular in funfairs and arcade stalls. Another example is the Gat air rifle, produced from 1988.

Traveling carnival
A traveling carnival (American English), usually simply called a carnival, travelling funfair or travelling show (British English), is an amusement show that may be made up of amusement rides, food vendors, merchandise vendors, games of chance and skill, thrill acts, and animal acts. A traveling carnival is not set up at a permanent location, like an amusement park, but is moved from place to place. Its roots are similar to the 19th century circus with both being fitted-up in open fields near or in town and moving to a new location after a period of time. In fact, many carnivals have circuses while others have a clown aesthetic in their decor. Unlike traditional Carnival celebrations, the North American traveling carnival is not tied to a religious observance.
Thomas Bellew (Louth politician)
Thomas Bellew (11 April 1943 – 28 October 1995) was an Irish politician. He was elected to Dáil Éireann as a Fianna Fáil Teachta Dála (TD) at the February 1982 general election for the Louth constituency. He lost his seat at the November 1982 general election. He unsuccessfully contested the 1987 and 1992 general elections as an independent candidate. Tom Bellew Avenue in Dundalk is named after him.

1992 Irish general election
The 1992 Irish general election to the 27th Dáil was held on Wednesday, 25 November, almost three weeks after the dissolution of the 26th Dáil on 5 November by President Mary Robinson, on the request of Taoiseach Albert Reynolds following a defeat of the government in a motion of confidence. The general election took place in 41 Dáil constituencies throughout Ireland for 166 seats in Dáil Éireann, the house of representatives of the Oireachtas, under a revision in the Electoral (Amendment) Act 1990. Three referendums on abortion were held on the same date.

The 27th Dáil met at Leinster House on 14 December 1992 to nominate the Taoiseach for appointment by the president and to approve the appointment of a new government of Ireland. No government was formed on that date, but on 12 January 1993, Reynolds was re-appointed Taoiseach, forming the 23rd government of Ireland, a coalition government of Fianna Fáil and the Labour Party.
Howard Street (San Francisco)
Howard Street is a street in San Francisco's South of Market District (SoMa). It begins after branching off from Van Ness Avenue near the Mission District, and then runs parallel to and between of Mission Street (to the North) and Folsom Street (to the South) towards The Embarcadero. Howard Street has the Moscone Center, Rincon Plaza, Yerba Buena Center for the Arts, and The University of San Francisco along its corridor.

University of San Francisco
The University of San Francisco (USF) is a private Jesuit university in San Francisco, California, United States. Founded in 1855, it has nearly 9,000 students pursuing undergraduate and graduate degrees in 59 major programs. In addition to its main campus in the Golden Gate area, it has satellite campuses in downtown San Francisco, Orange County, Sacramento, San Jose, and Santa Rosa.
HMS Dianthus
Two ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Dianthus, after the flower:

HMS Dianthus (1917) was an Anchusa-class sloop launched in 1917 and sold in 1921 becoming the mercantile Guerrero..

HMS Dianthus (K95) was a Flower-class corvette launched in 1940 and sold in 1947 becoming the mercantile Thorslep.

Dianthus
Dianthus (/daɪˈænθəs/ dy-AN-thəs) is a genus of about 340 species of flowering plants in the family Caryophyllaceae, native mainly to Europe and Asia, with a few species in north Africa and in southern Africa, and one species (D. repens) in arctic North America. Common names include carnation (D. caryophyllus), pink (D. plumarius and related species), and sweet william (D. barbatus).
Sarah Purvis
Sarah Purvis (born March 23, 1992) is an American softball player. She attended Northside High School in Warner Robins, Georgia. She later attended Georgia Southern University, where she pitched for the Georgia Southern Eagles softball team. Purvis led the Eagles to back-to-back Southern Conference championships and berths in the NCAA Division I softball tournament in 2012 and 2013. She later went on to play professional softball with the Dallas Charge of National Pro Fastpitch. She now owns Purvis Pitching in Middle Georgia. She is currently engaged and has a child.

NCAA Division I softball tournament
The NCAA Division I softball tournament is held annually in May/June and features 64 college softball teams in the United States, culminating in the Women's College World Series (WCWS), which is played in Oklahoma City.
Holland, Oregon
Holland is an unincorporated community in Josephine County, Oregon, United States. It is about eight miles southeast of Cave Junction, in the Illinois Valley south of Oregon Route 46.

Holland post office was established in 1899 and named for area pioneer James E. Holland. The office closed in 1960.

Holland is in the heart of the Josephine County gold mining district and is the home of the Holland Loop Store and Foris Vineyards Winery.

Cave Junction, Oregon
Cave Junction is a city in Josephine County, Oregon, United States. The city got its name by virtue of its location at the junction of Redwood Highway (U.S. Route 199) and Caves Highway (Oregon Route 46).  As of the 2020 census, the city population was 2,071. Following World War II, timber became the main source of income for residents. As timber income has since declined, the city is attempting to compensate with tourism and branding itself as a haven for retirees.
Arcola, Liguria
Arcola (Ligurian: Arcoa) is a commune in the Province of La Spezia, Liguria, Italy, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) southeast of Genoa and about 7 kilometres (4 mi) northeast of La Spezia. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 10,145 and an area of 16.4 square kilometres (6.3 sq mi).

The municipality of Arcola contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Baccano, Termo, Fresonara, Monti, Romito Magra, Cerri, and Trebiano.

Arcola borders the following municipalities: La Spezia, Lerici, Sarzana, Vezzano Ligure.

Province of La Spezia
The province of La Spezia (Italian: provincia della Spezia; Ligurian: provinsa dea Spèza) is a province in the Liguria region of Italy. Its capital is the city of La Spezia. It has 214,986 inhabitants in 32 municipalities.
Sloupno (Havlíčkův Brod District)
Sloupno is a municipality and village in Havlíčkův Brod District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 50 inhabitants.

Sloupno lies approximately 20 kilometres (12 mi) north-east of Havlíčkův Brod, 40 km (25 mi) north of Jihlava, and 103 km (64 mi) east of Prague.

Havlíčkův Brod
Havlíčkův Brod (Czech pronunciation: [ˈɦavliːtʃkuːv ˈbrot], until 1945 Německý Brod; German: Deutschbrod) is a town in Havlíčkův Brod District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 24,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.
Discrete Laplace operator
In mathematics, the discrete Laplace operator is an analog of the continuous Laplace operator, defined so that it has meaning on a graph or a discrete grid. For the case of a finite-dimensional graph (having a finite number of edges and vertices), the discrete Laplace operator is more commonly called the Laplacian matrix.

The discrete Laplace operator occurs in physics problems such as the Ising model and loop quantum gravity, as well as in the study of discrete dynamical systems. It is also used in numerical analysis as a stand-in for the continuous Laplace operator. Common applications include image processing, where it is known as the Laplace filter, and in machine learning for clustering and semi-supervised learning on neighborhood graphs.

Square lattice
In mathematics, the square lattice is a type of lattice in a two-dimensional Euclidean space. It is the two-dimensional version of the integer lattice, denoted as ⁠⁠. It is one of the five types of two-dimensional lattices as classified by their symmetry groups; its symmetry group in IUC notation as p4m, Coxeter notation as [4,4], and orbifold notation as *442.

Two orientations of an image of the lattice are by far the most common. They can conveniently be referred to as the upright square lattice and diagonal square lattice; the latter is also called the centered square lattice. They differ by an angle of 45°. This is related to the fact that a square lattice can be partitioned into two square sub-lattices, as is evident in the colouring of a checkerboard.
Thelymitra purpurata
Thelymitra purpurata, commonly called wallum sun orchid, is a species of orchid that is endemic to eastern Australia. It has up to ten purplish flowers with long, finger-like glands on the top of the column and flowers earlier in the season than most other thelymitras.

Gland (botany)
In plants, a gland is defined functionally as a plant structure which secretes one or more products.  This may be located on or near the plant surface and secrete externally, or be internal to the plant and secrete into a canal or reservoir.  Examples include glandular hairs, nectaries, hydathodes, and the resin canals in Pinus.
William Blake in popular culture
William Blake's body of work has influenced countless writers, poets and painters, and his legacy is often apparent in modern popular culture. His artistic endeavours, which included songwriting in addition to writing, etching and painting, often espoused a sexual and imaginative freedom that has made him a uniquely influential figure, especially since the 1960s. After Shakespeare, far more than any other canonical writer, his songs have been set and adapted by popular musicians including U2, Jah Wobble, Tangerine Dream, Bruce Dickinson and Ulver. Folk musicians, such as M. Ward, have adapted or incorporated portions of his work in their music, and figures such as Bob Dylan, Alasdair Gray and Allen Ginsberg have been influenced by him. The genre of the graphic novel traces its origins to Blake's etched songs and Prophetic Books, as does the genre of fantasy art.

Jah Wobble
John Joseph Wardle (known by the stage name Jah Wobble; born 11 August 1958) is an English bass guitarist and singer. He became known to a wider audience as the original bass player in Public Image Ltd (PiL) in the late 1970s and early 1980s; he left the band after two albums.

Following his departure from PiL, he developed a solo career. In 2012, he reunited with fellow PiL guitarist Keith Levene for Metal Box in Dub and the album Yin & Yang. Since 2013, he has been one of the featured pundits on Sunday morning's The Virtual Jukebox segment of BBC Radio 5 Live's Up All Night with Dotun Adebayo. His autobiography, Memoirs of a Geezer, was published in 2009.
Cincinnati Wolfhounds
The Cincinnati Rugby Football Club, nicknamed the Wolfhounds, is an American rugby union team based in Cincinnati, Ohio. The flagship team plays in the Midwest Rugby Premiership and additional teams playing in Division III and in the USA Rugby Club 7s for Men and Women.

Midwest Rugby Premiership
The Midwest Rugby Premiership is a rugby union competition in the United States that serves mainly as the Division I league for the Midwest Conference (National Competitive Region 1), but also includes two teams from the Frontier Conference (American Competitive Region 3). The winner progresses to the national Division I playoffs.
Chrtníč
Chrtníč is a municipality and village in Havlíčkův Brod District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 100 inhabitants.

Chrtníč lies approximately 21 kilometres (13 mi) north-west of Havlíčkův Brod, 43 km (27 mi) north of Jihlava, and 82 km (51 mi) south-east of Prague.

Havlíčkův Brod
Havlíčkův Brod (Czech pronunciation: [ˈɦavliːtʃkuːv ˈbrot], until 1945 Německý Brod; German: Deutschbrod) is a town in Havlíčkův Brod District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 24,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.
The Kalām Cosmological Argument
The Kalām Cosmological Argument is a 1979 book by the philosopher William Lane Craig, in which the author offers a contemporary defense of the Kalām cosmological argument and argues for the existence of God, with an emphasis on the alleged metaphysical impossibility of an infinite regress of past events. First, Craig argues that the universe began to exist, using two philosophical and two scientific arguments. Second, Craig argues that whatever begins to exist has a cause that caused it to begin to exist. Finally, Craig argues that this cause is a personal creator who changelessly and independently willed the beginning of the universe.

Subjunctive possibility
Subjunctive possibility (also called alethic possibility) is a form of modality studied in modal logic. Subjunctive possibilities are the sorts of possibilities considered when conceiving counterfactual situations; subjunctive modalities are modalities that bear on whether a statement might have been or could be true—such as might, could, must, possibly, necessarily, contingently, essentially, accidentally, and so on. Subjunctive possibilities include logical possibility, metaphysical possibility, nomological possibility, and temporal possibility.
Large cell
Large cell is a term used in oncology. It does not refer to a particular type of cell; rather it refers to cells that are larger than would be normally expected for that type. It is frequently used when describing lymphoma and lung cancer.

It was more frequently used in the past than it is used today, when doctors often could tell little about a cell other than its size, and it was used for classification systems such as the "Working Formulation" for lymphoma. As such, the term lives on in the names of many conditions, even when the size of the cell is no longer one of the most important diagnostic criteria.

The phrase giant cell is also frequently used, especially with carcinoma.

Giant cell tumors include giant-cell tumor of bone, giant-cell tumor of the tendon sheath, and giant cell fibroblastoma.

Carcinoma
Carcinoma is a malignancy that develops from epithelial cells. Specifically, a carcinoma is a cancer that begins in a tissue that lines the inner or outer surfaces of the body, and that arises from cells originating in the endodermal, mesodermal or ectodermal germ layer during embryogenesis.

Carcinomas occur when the DNA of a cell is damaged or altered and the cell begins to grow uncontrollably and becomes malignant.

The word is derived from the Greek: καρκίνωμα, romanized: karkinoma, lit. 'sore, ulcer, cancer' (itself derived from karkinos meaning crab).
The Different Widows
The Different Widows is a 1703 comedy by the British writer Mary Pix.

It premiered at the Lincoln's Inn Fields Theatre in London. The original cast included George Powell as Sir James Belmont, John Corey as Careless, George Pack as Sir Anthony Loveman, Francis Leigh as Dandle, Barton Booth as Valentine, Elinor Leigh as Widow Bellmont, Mary Porter as Lady Loveman, Elizabeth Willis as Lady Courtall and Lucretia Bradshaw as Mariana.

George Powell (playwright)
George Powell (1668? – 1714) was a 17th-century London actor and playwright who was a member of the United Company. He was the son of the actor Martin Powell, a long-standing member of the King's Company.