hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Thyroplasty
Thyroplasty is a phonosurgical technique designed to improve the voice by altering the thyroid cartilage of the larynx (the voice box), which houses the vocal cords in order to change the position or the length of the vocal cords.

Thyroid cartilage
The thyroid cartilage is the largest of the nine cartilages that make up the laryngeal skeleton, the cartilage structure in and around the trachea that contains the larynx. It does not completely encircle the larynx (only the cricoid cartilage encircles it).
Muhammed Bashir Ismail ash-Shishani
Muhammad Bashir Ismail ash-Shishani (born 1933) is a Jordanian statesman and Major General of the Royal Jordanian Army, Bashir is also the former Minister of Agriculture of Jordan, and Mayor of Amman, he is of Chechen descent.

Chechens
The Chechens (/ˈtʃɛtʃɛnz, tʃəˈtʃɛnz/ CHETCH-enz, chə-CHENZ; Chechen: Нохчий, Noxçiy, Old Chechen: Нахчой, Naxçoy), historically also known as Kisti and Durdzuks, are a Northeast Caucasian ethnic group of the Nakh peoples native to the North Caucasus. They are the largest ethnic group in the region and refer to themselves as Nokhchiy (pronounced [no̞xtʃʼiː]; singular Nokhchi, Nokhcho, Nakhchuo or Nakhche). The vast majority of Chechens are Muslims and live in Chechnya, an autonomous republic within the Russian Federation.

The North Caucasus has been invaded numerous times throughout history. Its isolated terrain and the strategic value outsiders have placed on the areas settled by Chechens has contributed much to the Chechen community ethos and helped shape its national character.

Chechen society is largely egalitarian and organized around tribal autonomous local clans, called teips, informally organized into loose confederations called tukkhums.
Argentina Cove
Argentina Cove is a 1.28 km wide embayment indenting for 330 m the southeast coast of Hurd Peninsula, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.  It is part of South Bay, entered between Polish Bluff and Henry Bluff.  The area was frequented by early 19th century sealers operating from nearby Johnsons Dock.

The feature was mapped and named by the Spanish Antarctic Expedition in 1991.

Hurd Peninsula
Hurd Peninsula lies between South Bay and False Bay on the south coast of Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The Spanish Juan Carlos I Antarctic Base and the Bulgarian St. Kliment Ohridski Base are situated on its west coast.

The peninsula was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1961 for Captain Thomas Hurd, Royal Navy, the second Hydrographer to the British Admiralty, 1808–23, who instituted a regular system of nautical surveys, and under whose authority Lieutenant Edward Bransfield's 1820 survey of the Bransfield Strait area was published in November 1822.
Santa Fe Lake
Santa Fe Lake is the name of two waterbodies:  a reservoir in 0.5 mi (0.80 km) south of downtown Williams in North Central Arizona, and a natural lake in the southern Sangre de Cristo Mountains near Ski Santa Fe in Santa Fe County, New Mexico. The reservoir is behind Santa Fe Dam, built in red sandstone. It is named after the Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railway, which stored the reservoir's water for its steam locomotives traveling through Williams. The natural lake is formed by snowmelt from Tesuque Peak and Lake Peak. It was named after the nearby state capital of Santa Fe, New Mexico, which was founded in 1610 as the capital of the Spanish province of Santa Fe de Nuevo México.

Ezerski Vrv
Ezerski Vrv (Macedonian: Езерски Врв, romanized: Ezerski Vrv, Serbian: Језерски врх / Jezerski vrh, Albanian: Maja e Liqenit) is a mountain in Macedonia and Kosovo, located in the Shar Mountain range. The mountain reaches a height of 2,604 m (8,543 ft) above sea level.

It is not to be confused with the other Maja e Liqenit in the Shar Mountains at 42°09′01″N 21°00′33″E﻿ / ﻿42.15036°N 21.00906°E﻿ / 42.15036; 21.00906, or the Jezerska Planina at 42°18′13″N 21°01′32″E﻿ / ﻿42.30361°N 21.02556°E﻿ / 42.30361; 21.02556 just north of the Šar Mountains .
Huttons Ambo railway station
Huttons Ambo railway station was a minor railway station serving the twin villages of High Hutton and Low Hutton, and the village of Menethorpe, in North Yorkshire, England, on the York to Scarborough Line.

The villages were previously known as Hutton on the Hill and Hutton on Derwent. They were coupled together in 1589 (Yorkshire Fines, Tudor, m., p. 107).

The station was opened on 5 July 1845 by the York and North Midland Railway. It closed to regular passenger traffic in 1930.
The last station master was Mr Ken Collinson. The station was originally just named Hutton, but was renamed Huttons Ambo on 1 February 1885.

At one time, mathematician Karl Pearson's grandfather was stationmaster here, and John Cariss was porter.

In 1913, legislation was passed for a narrow gauge railway to Burythorpe, but this was never implemented.

York and North Midland Railway
The York and North Midland Railway (Y&NMR) was an English railway company that opened in 1839 connecting York with the Leeds and Selby Railway, and in 1840, extended this line to meet the North Midland Railway at Normanton near Leeds. Its first chairman was the railway financier George Hudson, who had been called the railway king.

The railway expanded, by building new lines or buying or leasing already built ones, to serve Hull, Scarborough, Whitby, Market Weighton, and Harrogate. In 1849 Hudson resigned as chairman as an investigation found financial irregularities in his running of the company. The results of a price war in the early 1850s led to amalgamation and on 31 July 1854 the Y&NMR merged with the Leeds Northern Railway and the York, Newcastle and Berwick Railway to form the North Eastern Railway.
Barry Alldis
Barry Alldis (5 December 1930 – 21 November 1982) was an Australian presenter on British radio, most notably on the English service of Radio Luxembourg. Alldis' contribution to UK radio is commemorated in the Radio Academy's Hall of Fame.

Radio Academy
The Radio Academy is a registered charity dedicated to "the encouragement, recognition and promotion of excellence in UK broadcasting and audio production". It was formed in 1983 and is run via a board of trustees, with a chair and a deputy chair, and a managing director. Their responsibilities include designing, planning, and implementing projects and programmes.
United Kingdom in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest
The United Kingdom has been represented at the Junior Eurovision Song Contest since the inaugural 2003 edition. ITV, a member organisation of the United Kingdom Independent Broadcasting (UKIB) participated from 2003 to 2005. It used a national selection format, broadcasting a show entitled Junior Eurovision Song Contest: The British Final, for its participation at the contests. Its first entry at the 2003 contest was "My Song For The World" by Tom Morley, which finished in third place out of sixteen participating entries, achieving a score of one hundred and eighteen points. ITV withdrew from competing after the 2005 contest, but the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) participated in 2022 and 2023 instead. The BBC withdrew from the 2024 contest.

The Eye (radio station)
103 The Eye is a community radio station serving Melton Mowbray and the Vale of Belvoir in the East Midlands of England. It broadcasts on 103FM, on DAB+, online and via smart speakers, and takes its name from the River Eye which flows through Melton Mowbray.
Hiroshi Ikushima
Hiroshi Ikushima (生島 ヒロシ, Ikushima Hiroshi; born December 24, 1950, in Kesennuma, Miyagi, Japan) is a Japanese announcer and financial planner who is the chief executive officer of Ikushima Planning Office. He is the visiting professor of Tohoku Fukushi University.

Ikushima was a TBS announcer.

Kesennuma
Kesennuma (気仙沼市, Kesennuma-shi) is a city in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 August 2020, the city had an estimated population of 59,803 and a population density of 190 inhabitants per square kilometre (490/sq mi) in 26,390 households. The total area of the city is 332.44 square kilometres (128.36 sq mi). Large sections of the city were destroyed by the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami and major fires on March 11, 2011.
Eastern Temperate Forests
The Eastern Temperate Forests is a Level I ecoregion of North America designated by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) in its North American Environmental Atlas. The region covers much of the Eastern and Midwestern United States, the U.S. Interior Highlands, and parts of Ontario, Quebec, and the Maritimes.

Commission for Environmental Cooperation
The Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC; Spanish: Comisión para la Cooperación Ambiental; French: Commission de coopération environnementale) is an intergovernmental organization established by Canada, Mexico, and the United States to implement the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), the environmental side accord to the North American Free Trade Agreement. The CEC's mission is to facilitate cooperation and public participation to foster conservation, protection and enhancement of the North American environment for the benefit of present and future generations, in the context of increasing economic, trade and social connections among Canada, Mexico and the United States.

In January 2026, United States President Donald Trump announced that the United States would withdraw from the CEC.
Snowshoe Lake (Cripple Creek, Ontario)
Snowshoe Lake is a lake in the Lake Huron drainage basin in Kearney, Almaguin Highlands, Parry Sound, Ontario, Canada. The lake is 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) east of the community of Ravenscroft, just south of the access road to Rain Lake in Algonquin Provincial Park, and 5.5 kilometres (3.4 mi) west of the park boundary. It is about 1.5 kilometres (0.9 mi) long and 0.5 kilometres (0.3 mi) wide, and lies at an elevation of 424 metres (1,391 ft). The primary inflow is an unnamed creek from Ink Lake, and the primary outflow is an unnamed creek to Cripple Lake, which flows via Cripple Creek, the Big East River, the Muskoka River and the Moon and  Musquash rivers into Lake Huron.

A second Snowshoe Lake in the Big East River system, Snowshoe Lake (West Harry Lake, Ontario), lies 18.5 kilometres (11.5 mi) southeast.

Kearney, Ontario
Kearney is a town and municipality in the Almaguin Highlands region of Parry Sound District of Ontario, Canada. With a landmass of 528 square kilometres and a year-round population of 974 in the 2021 Canadian census, Kearney claims to be the "Biggest Little Town in Ontario."
Critical lens
A critical lens is a way of looking at a particular work of literature by focusing on style choices, plot devices, and character interactions and how they show a certain theme (the lens in question). It is a common literary analysis technique.

Republic (Plato)
The Republic (Ancient Greek: Πολιτεία, romanized: Politeia; Latin: De Republica) is a Socratic dialogue authored by Plato around 375 BC, concerning justice (dikaiosúnē), the order and character of the just city-state, and the just man. It is Plato's best-known work, and one of the world's most influential works of philosophy and political theory, both intellectually and historically.

In the dialogue, Socrates discusses with various Athenians and foreigners the meaning of justice and whether the just man is happier than the unjust man. He considers the natures of existing regimes and then proposes a series of hypothetical cities in comparison, culminating in Kallipolis (Καλλίπολις), a utopian city-state ruled by a class of philosopher-kings. They also discuss ageing, love, theory of forms, the immortality of the soul, and the role of the philosopher and of poetry in society. The dialogue's setting seems to be the time of the Peloponnesian War.
Hymessos
Hymessos (Ancient Greek: Ὑμεσσος) or Hymissos (Ὑμισσος) was a town of ancient Caria. It was a polis (city-state) and a member of the Delian League.

Its site is unlocated, but it is suggested to be near Mylasa.

Caria
Caria (/ˈkɛəriə/; from Greek: Καρία, Karia; Turkish: Karya) was a region of western Anatolia extending along the coast from mid-Ionia (Mycale) south to Lycia and east to Phrygia. The Carians were described by Herodotus as being Anatolian mainlanders and they called themselves Caria because of the name of their king. He reports the Carians themselves maintained that they were Anatolian mainlanders intensely engaged in seafaring and were akin to the Mysians and the Lydians. The Carians spoke Carian, a native Anatolian language closely related to Luwian. Also closely associated with the Carians were the Leleges, which could be an earlier name for Carians.
FL3 (Lazio regional railways)
The FL3 (until 2012 FR3) is a commuter rail route. It forms part of the network of the Lazio regional railways (Italian: ferrovie regionali del Lazio), which is operated by Trenitalia, and converges on the city of Rome, Italy.

The route operates over the infrastructure of the Rome–Capranica–Viterbo railway.  Within the territory of the comune of Rome, it plays the role of a commuter railway. It is estimated that on average about 60,000 passengers travel on an FL3 train each day.

The designation FL3 appears only in publicity material (e.g. public transport maps), in the official timetables, and on signs at some stations.  The electronic destination boards at stations on the FL3 route show only the designation "R" and the relevant train number.

Roma San Pietro railway station
Roma San Pietro railway station (Italian: Stazione di Roma San Pietro) is a major station serving the city and comune of Rome, Italy.  Opened in 1894, the station forms part of the Pisa–Livorno–Rome railway.  It is also the junction for the short, single track Rome–Vatican City railway, which crosses into Vatican City after passing over a viaduct.

The station is currently managed by Rete Ferroviaria Italiana (RFI).  Train services are operated by Trenitalia.  Each of these companies is a subsidiary of Ferrovie dello Stato (FS), Italy's state-owned rail company.
Angels & Devils (Sarah Darling album)
Angels & Devils is the second studio album by American country music artist Sarah Darling. It was released on February 15, 2011 by Black River Entertainment as the follow-up to Darling's 2009 debut album Every Monday Morning.

The album is split into two discs. The songs on the first follow the production style of modern country music whilst the songs on the second are more traditional and acoustical, including a new 'stripped-back' recording of "Stop the Bleeding" from Darling's first album. Also featured on the record are covers of Elton John's "Sorry Seems to Be the Hardest Word" and U2's "With or Without You", the latter of which was released as a digital single on August 31, 2010.

A music video for the lead single, "Something to Do With Your Hands", was released on February 14, 2011 and features professional wrestler A.J. Styles. After its premiere on CMT.com, the video became the second most viewed music video on the site.

Black River Entertainment
Black River Entertainment is an independent record label in Nashville, Tennessee, specializing in country music. The company is partially owned by Terry Pegula. The label’s roster includes Kelsea Ballerini and she is the label's flagship artist. The company also contains Black River Publishing and Sound Stage Studio both out of Nashville.
Maia Vergniory
Maia Garcia Vergniory is a Spanish computational physicist who is a Professor at the University of Sherbrooke. Her work in topological quantum chemistry investigates the phases of topological materials. She was elected Fellow of the American Physical Society in 2022.

Université de Sherbrooke
The Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS; English: University of Sherbrooke) is a French-language public research university in Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada, with a second campus in Longueuil, a suburb on the South Shore of Montreal. It is one of two universities in the Estrie region of Quebec (the other one being Bishop's University), and the only French-language university for the region.

As of 2022, the Université de Sherbrooke is home to 31,000 students, and an additional 3,000 older learners (age 50+) in continuing education in its "University of the Third Age". Of its 7,400 employees, about 4,000 are teaching staff. The university has over 100,000 graduates and offers 46 undergraduate, 48 master's and 27 doctoral programs. It holds a total of 61 research chairs, among which are the pharmacology, microelectronics, statistical learning, and environment research chairs.
German Leitzelar
German Edgardo Leitzelar Vidaurreta (born 4 July 1945) is a Honduran lawyer and politician, he was a member of the National Congress of Honduras representing the Innovation and Unity Party for Francisco Morazán.

Innovation and Unity Party
The Innovation and Unity Party—Social Democracy (Spanish: Partido Innovación y Unidad Social Demócrata, PINU-SD) is a social democratic political party in Honduras, established in 1970. PINU was created by Miguel Andonie Fernández as a democratic, moderate left-wing alternative to the two major parties and the military regime. The party's request to be recognized as an official political party in Honduras was established in 1978. The party describes itself as, "a progressive and plural party that governs with transparency to achieve social justice, solidarity and the comprehensive development of Honduras in harmony with the environment." The party currently holds no seats in Congress, but held at least one seat in Congress from 1981-1985 and 1993-2021. Since the 2025 Elections, PINU came back in the National Congress but this time with 2 Seats.
Philip Nanton
Philip Nanton (born 1947) is a Vincentian writer, poet and spoken-word performer, based in Barbados. A sociologist by training, who also teaches cultural studies, he is Honorary Research Associate at the University of Birmingham, and lectures at the University of the West Indies, Cave Hill. He has been a contributor on Caribbean culture and literature to journals and magazines such as The Caribbean Review of Books, Shibboleths: a Journal of Theory and Criticism and Caribbean Quarterly, and as a spoken-word artist has performed his work at festivals internationally. In 2012, he represented St. Vincent & the Grenadines at Poetry Parnassus in London.

Nanton's published books include Island Voices: From St Christopher to the Barracudas and Frontiers of the Caribbean (2014), Canouan Suite and Other Pieces (2016), and Riff: The Shake Keane Story (2021).

Manchester University Press
Manchester University Press is the university press of the University of Manchester, England, and a publisher of academic books and journals. Manchester University Press has developed into an international publisher. It maintains its links with the University.
Cross-country skiing at the 2022 Winter Olympics – Women's sprint
The women’s sprint competition in cross-country skiing at the 2022 Winter Olympics was held on 8 February, at the Kuyangshu Nordic Center and Biathlon Center in Zhangjiakou. Jonna Sundling of Sweden became the Olympic champion. Her compatriot, Maja Dahlqvist, won the silver medal, and Jessie Diggins of the United States the bronze. For Sundling and Dahlquist, this was the first Olympic medal, and for Diggins, the first individual Olympic medal.

Jonna Sundling
Jonna Patricia Marie Sundling (born 28 December 1994) is a Swedish cross-country skier who represents the club Piteå Elit.

On 21 January 2026, she was awarded the Jerring Award.

Sundling won the Silver medal in the Individual sprint at the 2026 Winter Olympics. This after winning Gold medal at the same event in 2022.

At the same 2026 Olympics she won the Gold medal in the  Womens team sprint along with Maja Dahlqvist.
Konstantin Panov
Konstantin Sergeyevich Panov (Russian: Константин Сергеевич Панов; born June 29, 1980) is a Russian professional ice hockey right wing who currently plays for HSC Csíkszereda in the Erste Liga. He was drafted in the fifth round, 131st overall in the 1999 NHL Entry Draft by the Nashville Predators.

He has previously played for Traktor Chelyabinsk, Amur Khabarovsk, HC Lada Togliatti, HC Dynamo Moscow, SKA Saint Petersburg and HC Yugra in the Russian Superleague and the Kontinental Hockey League.

Amur Khabarovsk
Hockey Club Amur (Russian: Хоккейный клуб Амур), commonly referred to as the Amur Khabarovsk, is a professional ice hockey club based in Khabarovsk, Russia. It is a member of the Chernyshev Division in the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL). Located in the Russian Far East, the team takes its name from the Amur River, and plays its home games at the Platinum Arena.
German submarine U-67 (1940)
German submarine U-67 was a Type IXC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine that operated in World War II. She was laid down in the AG Weser yard in Bremen as yard number 986 on 5 April 1940. She was launched on 30 October and was commissioned  on 22 January 1941 under Korvettenkapitän Heinrich Bleichrodt.

Her service life began with training with the 2nd U-boat Flotilla on her commissioning date; the boat was declared operational with the same flotilla on 1 September 1941.

2nd U-boat Flotilla
The 2nd U-boat Flotilla (German 2. Unterseebootsflottille), also known as the Saltzwedel Flotilla, was the second operational U-boat unit in Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine. Founded on 1 September 1936 under the command of Fregattenkapitän Werner Scheer, it was named in honour of Oberleutnant zur See Reinhold Saltzwedel. Saltzwedel, a U-boat commander during World War I, died on 2 December 1917, when his submarine UB-81 was sunk by a mine in the English Channel.

The flotilla was based in Kiel for the first few weeks after its formation, but was later moved to Wilhelmshaven, where it remained until May 1940. In June 1940, the flotilla was moved to Lorient in France until it was disbanded in August 1944.
1979 Speedway World Team Cup
The 1979 Speedway World Team Cup was the 20th edition of the FIM Speedway World Team Cup to determine the team world champions.

The final took place on 16 September at the White City Stadium in London. New Zealand won their first title defeating defending champions Denmark, who finished in second place.

Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme
The International Motorcycling Federation (Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme) or (FIM) is the global governing/sanctioning body of motorcycle racing. It represents 123 national motorcycle federations that are divided into six continental unions.

There are ten motorcycle-racing disciplines that FIM covers, encompassing 62 international championships as well as 188 secondary championships of circuit racing, enduro, Speedway Racing, Trials, Off-Roading, Motorcross, Supercross, Sno-Cross, Sidecars, and E-Bikes. FIM is also involved in many non-racing activities that promote the sport, its safety, and support relevant public policy. The FIM is also the first international sporting federation to publish an Environmental Code, in 1994. In 2007, a Commission for Women in Motorcycling was created by the FIM in order to promote the use of powered two-wheelers and the motorcycle sport among women.