hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Valery Kovalyov
Valery Kovalyov (Russian: Валерий Валерьевич Ковалёв; 24 April 1970 – 31 December 2021, Moscow, Russia) — Russian entrepreneur, philanthropist, and Wikipedian.

Kovalyov was a Russian entrepreneur, founder and owner of one of the largest Russian online stores - Holodilnik.ru. According to Forbes in 2014, the company, headed by Valery Kovalyov, was in sixth place among online stores in Russia with revenues of $310 million.

He also wrote "a huge number of high-quality articles" for the Russian Wikipedia (according the executive director of Wikimedia RU Stanislav Kozlovsky).

Wikipedia community
The Wikipedia community, collectively and individually known as Wikipedians, is an online community of volunteers who create and maintain Wikipedia, an online encyclopedia. Wikipedians may or may not consider themselves part of the Wikimedia movement, a global network of volunteer contributors to Wikipedia and other related projects hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation.
Spin (breakdancing move)
A spin is a b-boying move that involves rotation of the breaker's body about some axis in contact with the ground. It is possible to perform a spin on virtually any part of the body, but bare skin often causes painful and spin-killing friction with the floor. To solve this problem, many breakers employ pieces of cloth or wear long clothing, pads, or caps. When the dancer uses his hands to aid in speeding up the spin, it is called tapping. A dancer may tap for a few rotations and then glide for subsequent rotations. Spins form an integral part of many breakers' routines, while others eschew them in favor of more complex-looking repeated movements, back and forth, after each rotation in a given direction.

Kneeling
Kneeling is a basic human position where one or both knees touch the ground. According to Merriam-Webster, kneeling is defined as "to position the body so that one or both knees rest on the floor". Kneeling with only one knee, and not both, is called genuflection.

Kneeling is a primate behavior used to convey deference by making the figure that is kneeling appear smaller than the other. Primates themselves establish a dominance hierarchy (or "pecking order") which is important to the survival and behavior of the group. Chimpanzees, for example, have a complex social group that involves a dominant male and a corresponding female, to whom the other males and the juvenile chimps are submissive. Males who threaten the hierarchy are often severely injured or killed; in some instances, the use of submissive behavior is necessary to ensure survival.
Salair Ridge
Salair Ridge (pronounced sah-lah-EER; Russian: Салаирский кряж is a plateau-type highland in Altai Krai, Kemerovo Oblast and Novosibirsk Oblast, Russian Federation.

There are ski resorts in the mountains. The Salair National Park is a protected area in the western slopes.

Ski resort
A ski resort is a resort developed for skiing, snowboarding, and other winter sports. In Europe, most ski resorts are towns or villages in or adjacent to a ski area–a mountainous area with pistes (ski trails) and a ski lift system. In North America, it is more common for ski areas to exist well away from towns, so ski resorts usually are destination resorts, often purpose-built and self-contained, where skiing is the main activity.
Vedast
Vedast or Vedastus, also known as Saint Vaast (in Flemish, Norman and Picard) or Saint Waast (also in Picard and Walloon), Saint Gaston in French, and Foster in English (died c. 540) was an early bishop in the Frankish realm. After the victory of Tolbiac Vedast helped instruct the Frankish king Clovis in the Christian faith of his wife, Queen Clotilde.

Opinions differ as to whether Remigius, bishop of Reims, entrusted the diocese of Arras and diocese of Cambrai to Vedast as is traditionally held, or if Vedast was more an itinerant bishop without a specific see.

Flemish dialects
Flemish (Vlaams [vlaːms] ⓘ) is a Low Franconian dialect cluster of the Dutch language. It is sometimes referred to as Flemish Dutch (Vlaams-Nederlands), Belgian Dutch (Belgisch-Nederlands [ˈbɛlɣis ˈneːdərlɑnts] ⓘ), or Southern Dutch (Zuid-Nederlands). Flemish is native to the region known as Flanders in northern Belgium; it is spoken by Flemings, the dominant ethnic group of the region. Outside of Belgium Flanders, it is also spoken to some extent in French Flanders and the Dutch Zeelandic Flanders.
Bhishma Ashtami
Bhishma Ashtami (Sanskrit: भीष्माष्टमी, romanized: Bhīṣmāṣṭamī) is a Hindu observance that commemorates the death anniversary of Bhishma, a character in the Hindu epic Mahabharata. Bhishma is regarded to have chosen to die on the battlefield of Kurukshetra, during the propitious period known as the Uttarayana. Bhishma Ashtami is observed during the month of Magha in the Hindu calendar. It corresponds to the months of January–February.

Devanagari transliteration
Devanagari transliteration is the process of representing text written in Devanagari script—an Indic script used for Classical Sanskrit and many other Indic languages—in the Latin script, preserving pronunciation and spelling conventions. There are several methods of transliteration from Devanagari to the Latin script (i.e., romanisation), including the IAST notation. Romanised Devanagari is also called Romanagari.
William Armstrong Fallis
William Armstrong Fallis (February 22, 1832 – March 2, 1903) was an Ontario farmer and political figure. He represented Durham East in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario as a Conservative member from 1894 to 1902.

He was born in Cavan Township, Upper Canada, the son of Irish immigrants, and was educated there. In 1871, he married Mary A. Kinsman. He served five years on the township council.

Cavan Monaghan
Cavan Monaghan (known as Cavan-Millbrook-North Monaghan until 2007) is a township in Peterborough County in central-eastern Ontario, Canada, 20 kilometres (12 mi) southwest of the city of Peterborough.
El Senador
El Senador is the original name of a luxury 4-star resort located in Cayo Coco, Cuba.  It was owned as a joint venture between Cubanacan, a Cuban tourism company, and a syndicate of Canadian businesses. In December 2005 the Canadians sold their interest to an Anglo-Dutch syndicate, and the owners engaged the Spanish group NH Hotels as operator. The resort was renamed the NH Krystal Laguna Villas and Resort, until December 2010, when NH ceased to manage it. In 2012 the hotel was separated into two parts, both to be managed by the Iberostar group - part branded the Iberostar Mojito and the other the Iberostar Cayo Coco.

Former NHL star and captain of the Montreal Canadiens, Serge Savard, was also part owner.  The name "El Senador" was a reference to his nickname "Le Senateur" (The Senator).

The company which owns the hotel is El Senador S.A.

NH Hotel Group
NH Hotel Group is a Spanish hotel chain headquartered in Madrid, Spain that operates over 350 hotels in 35 countries. The group operates under the umbrella of Minor Hotels, following the latter's acquisition of a majority stake in NH Hotel Group in late 2018.
Simon Biwott
Simon Biwott (born 3 March 1970 in Eldoret, Uasin Gishu District) is a former long-distance runner from Kenya who won the silver medal in the men's marathon at the 2001 World Championships in Athletics. The race in Edmonton, Canada was won by Ethiopia's reigning Olympic champion Gezahegne Abera. A year later, Biwott won the Rotterdam Marathon. He also won marathons in Cancún, Mexico City (1998), Berlin, Milan (2000), and Paris (2001). After his career in athletics, he started a private school in Eldoret. His personal best of 2:06:49 was run at the 2002 edition of the Berlin Marathon.

He was a surprise winner at the 2000 Berlin Marathon, having only entered as a pacemaker originally.

Rotterdam Marathon
The Rotterdam Marathon, currently branded NN Rotterdam Marathon, is an annual marathon that has been held in Rotterdam, Netherlands since 1981. It has been held in April every year since the third edition in 1984 and attracts many top athletes. It has also been ranked as one of the top 10 marathons in the world by Runner's World magazine. The event is the most popular marathon in the Netherlands, followed by the marathons of Amsterdam and Eindhoven.
Woodgreen Station
19°03′28″S 136°42′28″E﻿ / ﻿19.05778°S 136.70778°E﻿ / -19.05778; 136.70778﻿ (Woodgreen)
Woodgreen Station, also spelt Wood Green and also known as Atartinga, is a cattle station located in the Northern Territory of Australia, to the northeast of Alice Springs, extending approximately 2,215 km2 (855 sq mi). It was also known as (Mer) Athatheng by some of the Indigenous people in the area.

The first lessee of the pastoral lease created in 1918 was Bob Purvis Sr, who first ran it as a sheep station and bred horses, before introducing cattle. The property was very degraded by the time his son, Bob Purvis Jr, took it over in 1960, mainly due to overstocking. Since then, Bob Jr has slowly rejuvenated the property, making it a viable concern, albeit with much lower stocking rates of cattle, by applying some of the techniques of regenerative agriculture and developing his own methods to improve the soil.

Pastoral lease
A pastoral lease, sometimes called a pastoral run, is an arrangement used in both Australia and New Zealand where government-owned Crown land is leased out to graziers for the purpose of livestock grazing on rangelands.
Area code 417
Area code 417 is a telephone area code in the North American Numbering Plan (NANP) for the southwestern quadrant of Missouri, including the cities of Branson, Carl Junction, Carthage, Joplin, Lebanon, Neosho, Nixa, Ozark, Springfield, and West Plains. Area code 417 was created in 1950 in a modification of Missouri's numbering plan areas, primarily from area code 816.

Ozark, Missouri
Ozark is a city in and the county seat of Christian County, Missouri, United States, that is on Finley Creek. Its population was 21,284 as of the 2020 census.  Ozark is also the third largest city in the Springfield, Missouri Metropolitan Area, and is centered along a business loop of US 65, where it intersects with MO 14.
Dick Koppenhaver
Richard George Koppenhaver (April 7, 1931 – July 23, 2017) was an American football player and coach.  He served as the head football coach at Valley City State University in Valley City, North Dakota from 1962 to 1964.

Koppenhaver later served as an assistant football coach and athletic director at North Dakota State University. He also served as an assistant coach at the University of North Dakota during their 2001 championship season.

Valley City State University
Valley City State University (VCSU) is a public university in Valley City, North Dakota, United States. It is part of the North Dakota University System. Founded in 1890 as Valley City State Normal School, a two-year teachers' college, it was authorized to confer bachelor's degrees in 1921 and changed its name to Valley City State Teachers College. With an expansion in programs outside teacher education after World War II, it became Valley City State College in 1963. In 1986, it was renamed State University of North Dakota-Valley City and a year later received its current name.

VCSU offers more than 65 undergraduate programs and multiple online graduate programs including a Master of Education, Master of Arts in Teaching and Master of Science in Business Information Systems degrees. In 2015, VCSU graduated 302 students, the largest class in its 125-year history.

VCSU is listed as a Historic District on the National Register of Historic Places.
Our Fragile Intellect
"Our Fragile Intellect" is a 2012 article by American biochemist Gerald Crabtree, published in the journal Trends in Genetics. Crabtree's speculative and controversial thesis argues that human intelligence peaked sometime between 2,000 and 6,000 years ago and has been in steady decline since the advent of agriculture and increasing urbanization. Modern humans, according to Crabtree, have been losing their intellectual and emotional abilities due to accumulating gene mutations that are not being selected against as they once were in our hunter-gatherer past. This theory is sometimes referred to as the "Idiocracy hypothesis".

Trends (journals)
Trends is a series of 16 review journals in a range of areas of biology and chemistry published under its Cell Press imprint by Elsevier. The publisher in lieu is Danielle Loughlin.

The Trends series was established in 1976 with Trends in Biochemical Sciences, rapidly followed by Trends in Neurosciences, Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, and Immunology Today.

Immunology Today, Parasitology Today, and Molecular Medicine Today changed their names to Trends in... in 2001. Drug Discovery Today was spun off as an independent brand.
Multistars
Multistars is an annual international Combined track and field events competition held in Desenzano del Garda, Italy in late April or early May as part of the IAAF World Combined Events Challenge. International athletes compete in the decathlon for men and heptathlon for women. Established in 1988 the meeting took place in Desenzano del Garda until 2012. From 2013 to 2018 the event moved to Luigi Ridolfi Stadium in Florence before it moved once again to Lana. In 2022 the meeting took place at the Stadio Olimpico Carlo Zecchini in Grosseto bevor it moved back in 2023 to its inaugural location, the Stadio Tre Stelle Francesco Ghizzi. The 2024 edition took place in Centro Gabre Gabric, Brescia.

The 2013 edition was capped by other invitational competitions. With a time of 39.09 Yadisleidy Pedroso set a new Italian best in 300m hurdles.

The 2020 edition was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Stadio Olimpico Carlo Zecchini
Stadio Olimpico Carlo Zecchini (formerly known as Stadio Olimpico Comunale) is a multi-use stadium in Grosseto, Italy.  It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of U.S. Grosseto.  The stadium holds 10,200.

During the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome, the stadium hosted several football preliminaries. It has also hosted home matches of U.S. Gavorrano and U.S. Pianese.
CSS fingerprinting
CSS fingerprinting is a browser fingerprinting technique that allows a website to identify and track visitors using CSS. CSS fingerprinting is stateless, that is, it does not require the computer system running the browser to remember information. It leverages differences across browsers, or CSS queries that allow programmers to target different systems, to infer information about a user's system. Since CSS is typically allowed in areas where JavaScript code execution is disabled, such as in email clients, it has a larger reach than most browser fingerprinting techniques, which typically rely on JavaScript code.

State (computer science)
In information technology and computer science, a system is described as stateful if it is designed to remember preceding events or user interactions; the remembered information is called the state of the system.

The set of states a system can occupy is known as its state space. In a discrete system, the state space is countable and often finite. The system's internal behaviour or interaction with its environment consists of separately occurring individual actions or events, such as accepting input or producing output, that may or may not cause the system to change its state. Examples of such systems are digital logic circuits and components, automata and formal language, computer programs, and computers.

The output of a digital circuit or deterministic computer program at any time is completely determined by its current inputs and its state.
Radio Nights
Radio Nights is an album released in 1991 featuring previously unreleased live radio broadcasts by the Cannonball Adderley Quartet, Quintet and Sextet from New York City's Half Note Club jazz club. They were recorded by Alan Grant and broadcast live on radio in the last week of 1967 and the first week of 1968. The montage of Adderley's monologues are taken from a recording made at the Keystone Korner jazz club, San Francisco. At the time of the recordings, Adderley was under contract to Capitol.

Nat Adderley
Nathaniel Carlyle Adderley (November 25, 1931 – January 2, 2000) was an American jazz trumpeter and composer. He was the younger brother of saxophonist Julian "Cannonball" Adderley, with whom he played for many years.

Adderley's composition "Work Song" (1960) is a jazz standard, and also became a success on the pop charts after singer Oscar Brown Jr. wrote lyrics for it.
Katarki-Gudlanur
Katarki-Gudlanur is a panchayat village in the southern state of Karnataka, India. Administratively, Katarki-Gudlanur is under Koppal Taluka of Koppal District in Karnataka.  The village of Katarki-Gudlanur is 19 km by road south of the town of Koppal and 33 km by road east of Mundargi. Katarki-Gudlanur is on the north shore of the Tungabhadra Reservoir.

Koppal district
Koppala district is an administrative district in the state of Karnataka in India. In the past Koppal was referred to as 'Kopana Nagara'. Hampi, a World heritage center, covers some areas of Koppala District. It is situated approximately 38 km away. Anegundi, is also a famous travel destination.
Maina Sahasrabahu
Maina Sahasrabahu is a village in Khadak Municipality in Saptari District in the Sagarmatha Zone of South-Eastern Nepal. It is the former Village Development Committee of Nepal. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census, it had a population of 4,047 people living in 779 individual households.

2011 Nepal census
Nepal conducted a widespread national census in 2011 by the Nepal Central Bureau of Statistics. Working in cooperation with the 58 municipalities and the 3,915 Village Development Committees at a district level, they recorded data from all the municipalities and villages of each district. The data included statistics on population size, households, sex and age distribution, place of birth, residence characteristics, literacy, marital status, religion, language spoken, caste/ethnic group, economically active population, education, number of children, employment status, and occupation.
Bottom fishing
Bottom fishing, also called legering in the United Kingdom, is fishing of the bottom (demersal zone) of a deep body of water such as lake or ocean, targeting groundfish such as sucker fish, bream, catfish and crappie.  It is contrasted with conventional angling in that no float is used with the fishing line.

Crappie
Crappies (/ˈkrɒpi, ˈkræpi/) are two species of North American freshwater fish of the genus Pomoxis in the family Centrarchidae (sunfishes).  Both species of crappies are popular game fish among recreational anglers.
High Town, Luton
High Town is an inner area of Luton immediately north of Luton railway station, and a ward of the Borough of Luton, in the ceremonial county of Bedfordshire, England.

The area and ward are officially spelled as two separate words. This is also the most common spelling of the name, but some organisations and businesses use 'Hightown', e.g. Hightown Baptist Church and Hightown Community, Sports & Arts Centre.

Wardown Park
Wardown Park is situated on the River Lea in Luton. The park has various sporting facilities, is home to the Wardown Park Museum and contains formal gardens. The park is located between Old Bedford Road and the A6, New Bedford Road and is within walking distance of the town centre. It is Grade II listed in Historic England's Register of Parks and Gardens.
Plays Pretty for Baby
Plays Pretty for Baby is the second album by the American punk rock band Nation of Ulysses.

"The Sound of Jazz to Come" and "50,000 Watts of Goodwill" reference the opening track of A Love Supreme by John Coltrane in their respective openings, while the former references the similarly titled Ornette Coleman album, The Shape of Jazz to Come.

The album's first track begins with a live reading from Thus Spoke Zarathustra:

To you the bold and foolish lambs. To you who are intoxicated with riddles, let's go. Who take pleasure in twilight. Whose souls are lured by noise to every treacherous abyss. For you do not feel for a rope like cowards, and where you can guess you hate to calculate. And where others would poison, you dismember.

A Love Supreme
A Love Supreme is an album by the jazz saxophonist and composer John Coltrane. He recorded it in one session on December 9, 1964, at Van Gelder Studio in Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, leading a quartet featuring pianist McCoy Tyner, bassist Jimmy Garrison and drummer Elvin Jones.

A Love Supreme was released by Impulse! Records in January 1965. Referred to as the saxophonist's "definitive tone poem," it ranks among Coltrane's best-selling albums and is widely considered one of the greatest masterpieces in the history of jazz and one of the greatest albums ever made.
Lewis H. Lapham
Lewis Henry Lapham II (/ˈlæpəm/; January 8, 1935 – July 23, 2024) was an American writer. He was the editor of the American monthly Harper's Magazine from 1976 until 1981, and from 1983 until 2006. He was the founder of Lapham's Quarterly, a  publication about history and literature, and wrote numerous books on politics and current affairs.

San Francisco Examiner
The San Francisco Examiner is a newspaper distributed in and around San Francisco, California, and has been published since 1863. Once self-dubbed the "Monarch of the Dailies" by then-owner William Randolph Hearst and the flagship of the Hearst chain, the Examiner converted to free distribution early in the 21st century and is owned by Clint Reilly Communications, which bought the newspaper at the end of 2020 along with the SF Weekly.
Giovanni di San Paolo
Giovanni di San Paolo (died c. early 1215) was a Benedictine monk at San Paolo fuori le Muri in Rome. He was made cardinal deacon on 20 February 1193, then cardinal priest of Santa Prisca in May 1193 and finally cardinal bishop of Sabina at the end of 1204 (subscribed as bishop for the first time on 9 January 1205). He is often referred to as a member of the powerful Roman Colonna family, but modern scholars have established that this is based on a lie from the beginning of 16th century. More likely he was nephew of Celestine III and member of the Bobone family. He studied medicine at Amalfi.

Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls
The Papal Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls (Italian: Basilica Papale di San Paolo fuori le Mura, Latin: Basilica Sancti Pauli extra mœnia) is one of Rome's four major papal basilicas, along with the basilicas of Saint John in the Lateran, Saint Peter's, and Saint Mary Major, as well as one of the city's Seven Pilgrim Churches. The basilica is the conventual church of the adjacent Benedictine abbey. It lies within Italian territory, but the Holy See owns the basilica and it is part of the Vatican's extraterritoriality.

One of the oldest church sites in Rome, it was constructed outside the city's Aurelian Walls at what tradition holds to be the burial site of Saint Paul. It suffered a catastrophic fire in the 19th century and the present building was completed in 1840.