hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Air cycle machine
An air cycle machine (ACM) is the refrigeration unit of the environmental control system (ECS) used in pressurized gas-turbine–powered aircraft. Normally an aircraft has two or three of these ACM. Each ACM and various associated components and pipework are often referred as an air conditioning pack.  The air cycle cooling process uses air instead of a phase changing material such as Freon in the gas cycle. No condensation or evaporation of a refrigerant is involved, and the cooled air output from the process is used directly for cabin ventilation or for cooling electronic equipment.

Freon
Freon (/ˈfriːɒn/ FREE-on) is a registered trademark of Chemours and generic descriptor for a number of halocarbon products. They are stable, nonflammable, low toxicity gases or liquids which have generally been used as refrigerants and as aerosol propellants. They include chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), both of which cause ozone depletion (although the latter much less so) and contribute to global warming. "Freon" is the brand name for the refrigerants R-12, R-13B1, R-22, R-410A, R-502, and R-503 manufactured by Chemours. They emit a strong smell similar to acetone. Freon has been found to cause damage to human health when inhaled in large amounts. Studies have been conducted in the pursuit to find beneficial reuses for gases under the Freon umbrella as an alternative to disposal.
Prehnite-pumpellyite facies
The prehnite-pumpellyite facies is a metamorphic facies typical of subseafloor alteration of the oceanic crust around mid-ocean ridge spreading centres. 

It is a metamorphic grade transitional between zeolite facies and greenschist facies representing a temperature range of 250 to 350 °C and a pressure range of approximately two to seven kilobars. The mineral assemblage is dependent on host composition.

In mafic rocks the assemblage is chlorite, prehnite, albite, pumpellyite and epidote.

In ultramafic rocks the assemblage is serpentine, talc, forsterite, tremolite and chlorite.

In argillaceous sedimentary rocks the assemblage is quartz, illite, albite, and stilpnomelane chlorite.

In carbonate sediments the assemblage is calcite, dolomite, quartz, clays, talc, and muscovite.

Forsterite
Forsterite (Mg2SiO4; commonly abbreviated as Fo; also known as white olivine) is the magnesium-rich end-member of the olivine solid solution series. It is isomorphous with the iron-rich end-member, fayalite. Forsterite crystallizes in the orthorhombic system (space group Pbnm) with cell parameters a 4.75 Å (0.475 nm), b 10.20 Å (1.020 nm) and c 5.98 Å (0.598 nm).

Forsterite is associated with igneous and metamorphic rocks and has also been found in meteorites. In 2005 it was also found in cometary dust returned by the Stardust probe. In 2011 it was observed as tiny crystals in the dusty clouds of gas around a forming star.

Two polymorphs of forsterite are known: wadsleyite (also orthorhombic) and ringwoodite (isometric, cubic crystal system). Both are mainly known from meteorites.

Peridot is the gemstone variety of forsterite olivine.
Jeff Fairburn
Jeffrey Fairburn (born 22 May 1966) is a British businessman, currently chief executive of Berkeley DeVeer, a Yorkshire-based house-builder.

Fairburn was previously CEO of Persimmon plc, a British housebuilding company and constituent of the FTSE 100 Index, from April 2013 to November 2018. In March 2017, he agreed to give a "substantial portion" of a £75 million bonus to charity, but, as of February 2021, no charitable involvement has been confirmed (however, in British law, private philanthropy without fundraising does not require the status of being a registered charity).

FTSE 100 Index
The Financial Times Stock Exchange 100 Index, also called the FTSE 100 Index, FTSE 100, FTSE or, informally, the "Footsie" /ˈfʊtsi/, is one of the United Kingdom's best-known stock market indices and represents the 100 most highly capitalised blue chips listed on the London Stock Exchange.
Ksenia Svetlova
Ksenia Svetlova (Hebrew: קסניה סבטלובה, Russian: Ксения Игоревна Светлова; born 28 July 1977) is an Israeli politician, journalist, associate professor at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and policy fellow at the Israeli Institute for Regional Foreign Policies. She served as a member of the Knesset for the Zionist Union.

Mitvim
Mitvim – The Israeli Institute for Regional Foreign Policies is a think tank based in Israel. Mitvim's goals are to develop and promote a new, progressive foreign policy paradigm for Israel; to promote Israel's belonging in the region and to reshape its relations with countries in the Middle East, Europe, and the Mediterranean; and to advance Israeli–Palestinian peace.

Mitvim was established in 2011, by Nimrod Goren, a 2009-10 Fulbright Hubert H. Humphrey Fellow at Syracuse University. Mitvim is consistently ranked among the top 50 think tanks in the Middle East and North Africa by the University of Pennsylvania's Global Go To Think Tank Report, and is also recognized as one of the world's leading regional studies centers. Mitvim has core staff members as well as a network of policy fellows, researchers, and experts who regularly publish research, opinion, and policy papers and attend events and conferences around the world.
Słostowice
Słostowice [swɔstɔˈvit͡sɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Gomunice, within Radomsko County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 13 km (8 mi) north of Radomsko and 67 km (42 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

Radomsko County
Radomsko County (Polish: powiat radomszczański) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999 as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Radomsko, which lies 80 kilometres (50 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź. The county also contains the towns of Przedbórz, lying 31 km (19 mi) east of Radomsko, and Kamieńsk, 16 km (10 mi) north of Radomsko.

The county covers an area of 1,442.78 square kilometres (557.1 sq mi). As of 2006, it had a population of 118,856, out of which the population of Radomsko was 49,152, that of Przedbórz was 3,758, that of Kamieńsk was 2,858, and the rural population was 63,088.
Jumping Jack Jones
Daniel Albion "Jumping Jack" Jones, Jr. (October 23, 1860 – October 19, 1936) was an American professional baseball pitcher, dentist and voice trainer. He played in Major League Baseball in 1883, splitting the season between the Detroit Wolverines and Philadelphia Athletics.  With a strong showing in September 1883, he helped the Athletics win the American Association pennant by one game over the St. Louis Browns. Jones also led the Yale Bulldogs baseball team to two intercollegiate championships in the early 1880s.

Jones became known as "Jumping Jack" Jones because of his distinctive pitching delivery which involved jumping some two feet in the air before throwing the ball.  His delivery drew ridicule and laughter among spectators, caused confusion among batters and made Jones "the twirling marvel of his time."  Jones later received D.D.S. and M.D. degrees from Harvard Dental School and Yale Medical School and became a dentist in Connecticut.

American Association (1882–1891)
The American Association of Base Ball Clubs (AA) was a professional baseball league that existed for 10 seasons from 1882 to 1891. Together with the National League (NL), founded in 1876, the AA participated in an early version of the World Series seven times versus the champion of the NL in an interleague championship playoff tournament. At the end of its run, several AA franchises joined the NL. After 1891, the NL existed alone, with each season's champions being awarded the Temple Cup (1894–1897).

During its existence, the AA was often simply referred to as "the Association" in the media, in contrast to the NL, which was sometimes called "the League". It was also sometimes called the "Beer and Whiskey League".
Holon–Wolfson railway station
Holon–Wolfson railway station is a railway station on the border of Holon and Jaffa in the south of Tel Aviv-Yafo Municipality, on the Rosh HaAyin–Beersheba line. The station is in the Wolfson interchange on the Ayalon Highway, nearby Wolfson Medical Center.

Highway 20 (Israel)
Highway 20, more commonly known as the Ayalon Highway, or simply Ayalon (Hebrew: נתיבי איילון, pronounced: Netivei Ayalon, lit. "Ayalon lanes"), is a major inter city freeway in Gush Dan, Israel. The road runs along the eastern border of central Tel Aviv from north to south and connects all of the major highways leading to the city—such as Highway 4 from Ashdod and the Southern regions, Highway 2 from Haifa and the Northern regions, Highway 5 from the East, and Highway 1 from Jerusalem and the Southeast. The Ayalon Highway is heavily used; on an average day, almost 600,000 vehicles enter the freeway. It consists of a multi-lane highway with a multi-track railway located between the opposite travel lanes. Some of the highway's route is along the Ayalon River, hence its name. It is made of primarily asphalt.
Something in Common (Sam Jones album)
Something in Common is a studio album by American jazz bassist Sam Jones, released on September 13, 1977 via the Muse label. The record, with three bonus tracks, was re-released on CD in 2000 and as a digital download in 2009.

Muse Records
Muse Records was a jazz record company and label founded in New York City by Joe Fields in 1972.

Fields worked as an executive for Prestige Records in the 1960s. Several of the albums were previously released on Cobblestone Records. Muse also had another label, Onyx Records, which operated until 1978, when Fields and collaborator Don Schlitten ended their professional relationship.

In the late 1970s, Muse partnered with the Dutch Timeless Records to distribute Timeless Muse.

Muse was sold in 1996 to 32 Jazz, which repackaged and reissued a large amount of Muse recordings. In 2003, Savoy Jazz (which had become a subsidiary of Nippon Columbia) acquired the rights to the Muse catalog (along with that of Landmark) from 32 Jazz.

Fields later founded HighNote Records and Savant Records; many Muse artists later recorded for these labels as well.
Esguerra
Esguerra is a surname. It is a Castilianized form of the Basque word "Ezkerra", meaning "left-handed". Notable people with the surname include:

Domingo Esguerra Plata (1875–1965), Colombian lawyer and diplomat

Juan Carlos Esguerra Portocarrero (born 1949), Colombian lawyer and politician

Rafael Esguerra, Colombian architect

[Manuel Esguerra], Diplomat, Colombia. Esguerra-Barcenas Treaty.

[Jorge Esguerra], Politician, Colombia

[Maria Angela Esguerra],  Dr. Of Naturopathic Medicine, research on natural health related to multiple sclerosis and other chronic disease.

Domingo Esguerra Plata
Domingo Esguerra Plata (28 March 1875 – 1965) was a Colombian lawyer who served as Minister of Foreign Affairs of Colombia, Ambassador of Colombia to Brazil, and Ambassador of Colombia to the United Kingdom.
Gianluca Luddi
Gianluca Luddi (born 4 February 1978) is an Italian former professional tennis player.

Born in Rome, Luddi had a best singles world ranking of 183 and won an ATP Challenger title at Bressanone in 1999, beating Thierry Guardiola in the final. He had wins over top-100 players Jacobo Díaz and Guillermo Cañas en route to the semi-finals of the 1999 Buenos Aires Challenger. In 2000 he featured in the qualifying draw for the French Open.

Luddi now coaches tennis in Turin and is married to tennis player Stefania Chieppa.

Stefania Chieppa
Stefania Chieppa (Italian pronunciation: [steˈfaːnja ˈkjɛppa, - ˈkje-]; born 5 April 1983) is an Italian former tennis player.

She achieved a career-high singles ranking of world No. 359 on 10 July 2006. She reached her peak in doubles at No. 204 on 9 July 2007. Throughout her career, Chieppa won two singles titles and 15 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit.

She played her last match on the circuit in July 2016.
Breitenbach-Haut-Rhin
Breitenbach-Haut-Rhin (German: Breitenbach; Alsatian: Bräitebàch or Bräiteba) is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.

Its inhabitants are Breitenbachois. Its official name distinguishes it from Breitenbach, Bas-Rhin.

The place name appears in thirteenth-century documents, and is composed of the words breit ("wide") and bach ("stream"). The valley in which it lies was a possession of the Abbey of Munster until the French Revolution.

Haut-Rhin
Haut-Rhin (French pronunciation: [oʁɛ̃] ⓘ) is a department in the Grand Est region, France, bordering both Germany and Switzerland. It is named after the river Rhine. Its name means Upper Rhine. Haut-Rhin is the smaller and less populated of the two departments of the former administrative Alsace region, the other being Bas-Rhin (Lower Rhine), especially after the 1871 cession of the southern territory known since 1922 as the Territoire de Belfort, although it is still rather densely populated compared to the rest of metropolitan France. It had a population of 767,083 in 2021.

On 1 January 2021, the départemental collectivities of Bas-Rhin and Haut-Rhin were merged into the European Collectivity of Alsace.
2020–21 in Scottish football
The 2020–21 season was the 124th season of competitive football in Scotland. The domestic season began on 1 August 2020 with the first round of matches in the 2020–21 Scottish Premiership. The start of all other domestic competitions were delayed until at least October 2020 because of the COVID-19 pandemic, and most games were played behind closed doors due to Scottish Government restrictions.

2020–21 Scottish Premiership
The 2020–21 Scottish Premiership was the eighth season of the Scottish Premiership, the 124th edition of the highest division of Scottish football. The fixtures were published on 6 July 2020, with the season beginning on 1 August, following Scottish Government approval due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Scotland.

Twelve teams contested the league: Aberdeen, Celtic, Dundee United, Hamilton Academical, Hibernian, Kilmarnock, Livingston, Motherwell, Rangers, Ross County, St Johnstone and St Mirren. Celtic were the defending champions, seeking a record-breaking tenth successive title.

On 7 March, Rangers clinched their 55th title, their first since 2011, and the earliest title clinching date after Celtic drew 0–0 away to Dundee United with 6 games remaining. Rangers also completed an unbeaten league season on 15 May 2021 after a 4–0 win against Aberdeen on the final matchday.
Edmund Finnis
Edmund Finnis (born 1984) is a British composer of classical and electronic music. His works have been commissioned and performed by orchestras and ensembles including the Britten Sinfonia, Birmingham Contemporary Music Group, London Sinfonietta, BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra and the Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra; the pianist Clare Hammond and the clarinettist Mark Simpson. He was recipient of a Paul Hamlyn Foundation Award in 2012 and is currently a Professor of Composition at the Royal Academy of Music, where his notable students have included William Marsey and Robin Haigh.

Paul Hamlyn Foundation
Paul Hamlyn Foundation is a registered charity, and a company limited by guarantee, which has been established in its current form since 2004, succeeding an earlier incarnation that was founded in 1987, which itself formalised established philanthropic giving by Paul Hamlyn that had been ongoing since 1972.

It is an independent grant-making foundation, making grants to individuals and organisations in the UK to help people overcome disadvantage. The foundation focuses on supporting children and young adults, especially in pursuit of the arts.

The Foundation is located in Kings Cross, London, with around 40 staff members. Trustees include James Lingwood (Chair), Jane Hamlyn, Michael Hamlyn, Marcus Davey, Martha Mackenzie and Akeela Ahmed.
19 to Zero
19 to Zero is a Canadian not-for-profit behavioural sciences initiative based in Calgary, Alberta. Hosted at the University of Calgary, the public–private partnership is made up of around 500 members including public health specialists, academics, behavioural psychologists, marketers and multimedia creators. Its purpose is to increase confidence in vaccines for COVID-19 and other diseases by tackling vaccine hesitancy. The group publishes materials on its website and through partner organizations, including videos, billboards, presentations, brochures and in-person events.

Alberta Children's Hospital
Alberta Children's Hospital (ACH) is a children's hospital located in Calgary, Alberta, Canada and operated by the Calgary Health Region of Alberta Health Services.

It originally opened on May 19, 1922 as the Junior Red Cross Children's Hospital. Its current building, opened on September 27, 2006, is the largest children's hospital in the prairie provinces and was the first free-standing pediatric facility to be built in Canada in more than 20 years. It is located west of the University of Calgary campus grounds and across from the site of the Foothills Medical Centre.
Fragrant Hills Pagoda
The Fragrant Hills Pagoda (Chinese: 香山琉璃塔; pinyin: Xiāngshān Liúlí Tǎ) of the Fragrant Hills in Beijing, China was built in 1780 during the reign of the Qianlong Emperor (1735–1796) as part of the Grand Zongjing Monastery. Although the monastery located just north of the pagoda was burned down by the Eight-Nation Alliance in 1900, the Fragrant Hills Pagoda was unharmed by the nearby fires. The pagoda is octagonal-shaped, 40 m (130 ft) tall with seven stories, and has a stone square-platform at the base to support the structure. The pagoda is adorned with glazed tiles of yellow, green, purple, and blue hues. Surrounding the pagoda at the base is a wooden Chinese pavilion with supporting columns, this structure crowned with a white marble railing and terrace.

Fragrant Hills
Fragrant Hills Park or Xiangshan Park (香山公园) is a public park and former imperial garden at the foot of the Western Hills in the Haidian District, Beijing, China. It was also formerly known as Jingyi Garden or "Jingyiyuan" (靜宜園). It covers 160 ha (395 acres) and consists of a natural pine-cypress forest, hills with maple trees, smoke trees and persimmon trees, as well as landscaped areas with traditional architecture and cultural relics. The name derives from the highest peak of Fragrant Hills, Xianglu Feng (Incense Burner Peak), a 575-meter (1,886 ft) hill with two large stones resembling incense burners at the top.
Regulatory offence
In criminal law, a regulatory offence or quasi-criminal offence  is a class of crime in which the standard for proving culpability has been lowered so a mens rea (Law Latin for "guilty mind") element is not required. Such offences are used to deter potential offenders from dangerous behaviour rather than to impose punishment for moral wrongdoing.

Culpability
In criminal law, culpability, or being culpable, is a measure of the degree to which an agent, such as a person, can be held morally or legally responsible for action and inaction. It has been noted that the word culpability "ordinarily has normative force, for in nonlegal English, a person is culpable only if he is justly to blame for his conduct". The guilt principle requires that in order to convict a person it is necessary to ascertain his voluntary or reckless behaviour, Strict Liability being prohibited.
Australians in Film
Australians in Film (AiF) is a Los Angeles-based non-profit organization that serves the Australian community working in the film and television industry. It awards the annual Heath Ledger Scholarship to emerging Australian actors, as well as several other programs which help actors and filmmakers to develop their careers.

Katherine Langford
Katherine Langford (born 29 April 1996) is an Australian actress. After appearing in several independent films, she had her breakthrough starring as Hannah Baker in the Netflix television series 13 Reasons Why (2017–2018), which earned her a Golden Globe Award nomination. She then appeared in the films Love, Simon (2018) and Knives Out (2019), and headlined the dark comedy Spontaneous (2020) and the Netflix series Cursed (2020).
Scutiger sikimmensis
Scutiger sikimmensis is a species of toad in the family Megophryidae. It is found in northeastern India (West Bengal, Sikkim, and Meghalaya), Nepal, Bhutan, and Tibet. Many common names have been coined for this species: Sikkim lazy toad, Sikimmese pelobatid toad, Sikkim high altitude toad, Sikkim spade foot frog, Blyth's short-limbed frog, and Sikkim snow toad. It is very common in the high altitudes of Sikkimese Himalaya.

Megophryidae
Megophryidae, commonly known as goose frogs, is a large family of frogs native to the warm southeast of Asia, from the Himalayan foothills eastwards, south to Indonesia and the Greater Sunda Islands in Maritime Southeast Asia, and extending to the Philippines. Fossil remains are also known from North America. As of 2014 it encompasses 246 species of frogs divided between five genera. For lack of a better vernacular name, they are commonly called megophryids.
Iwa Akwa
Iwa AkwaListenⓘ or AjuListenⓘ Festival which can also be translated as Cloth Wearing is a traditional ceremony that is practised by the Igbo people to indicate that a boy has become a man. Iwa Akwa ceremony is a triennial festival that occurs in Obowo, Ihitte/Uboma, the Ehime Mbano, Ahiazu Mbaise local government areas of Imo state in Nigeria.

Ahiazu Mbaise
Ahiazu MbaiseListenⓘ is a Local Government Area in Imo State, Nigeria. It has an area of 114 km2 and an estimated population of 170,902 as of the 2006 census. It is the result of a merger between Ahiara and Ekwerazu towns, and it is headquartered in the town of Afor-Oru.

The local government area is bounded to the north by Isiala Mbano and Ehime Mbano, to the east by Obowo and Ihitte Uboma, to the south by Ezinihitte Mbaise and Aboh Mbaise and to the west by Ikeduru.
District 27 (Chamber of Deputies of Chile)
District 27 (Spanish: Distrito 27) is one of the 28 multi-member electoral districts of the Chamber of Deputies, the lower house of the National Congress, the national legislature of Chile. The district was created by the 2015 electoral reform and came into being at the following general election in 2017. It is conterminous with the region of Aysén. The district currently elects three of the 155 members of the Chamber of Deputies using the open party-list proportional representation electoral system. At the 2021 general election the district had 98,558 registered electors.

Regions of Chile
Chile is divided into 16 regions (Spanish: regiones, singular región), which are the country's first-level administrative division. Each region is headed by a directly elected regional governor (gobernador regional) and a regional board (consejo regional).

The regions are divided into provinces (the second-level administrative division), each headed by a governor (gobernador) appointed by the President. There are 56 provinces in total. Provinces are divided into communes (the third and lowest level administrative division), which are governed by municipal councils.
Hardivillers-Breteuil narrow gauge railway
The Hardivillers-Breteuil narrow gauge railway was a 600 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in) gauge industrial railway, approximately 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) long, in the north of France. It ran from the phosphate quarries and factory at Hardivillers along the Rue de Creveceur (D 930) to a loading ramp called Quai des Phosphates at the railway station in Breteuil.

Horse-drawn trains in the quarry

Rue de Creveceur

Quai des Phosphates

Breteuil, Oise
Breteuil (French pronunciation: [bʁətœj]; Picard: Berteul) or Breteuil-sur-Noye (French pronunciation: [bʁətœj syʁ nwa], literally Breteuil on Noye) is a commune in the Oise department in northern France.

It is located in the Noye valley.