hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gambling in Russia
Gambling industry in Russia consists of three sectors: state lotteries, casinos and slot machines operations, and sports betting. Lotteries are organized by the Ministry of Sports and the Ministry of Finance of Russia and operated by certified organizations. Legal casinos and EGMs are confined to four specific gambling zones in Altai Republic, Kaliningrad, Krasnaya Polyana (near Sochi), and Artyom (near Vladivostok). Bookmakers operate both online and offline. Strict regulations led to the emergence of a significant underground gambling market in Russia.

Roulette
Roulette (named after the French word meaning "little wheel") is a casino game which was likely developed from the Italian game Biribi. In the game, a player may choose to place a bet on a single number, various groupings of numbers, the color red or black, whether the number is odd or even, or if the number is high or low.

To determine the winning number, a croupier spins a wheel in one direction, then spins a ball in the opposite direction around a tilted circular track running around the outer edge of the wheel. The ball eventually loses momentum, passes through an area of deflectors, and falls onto the wheel and into one of the colored and numbered pockets on the wheel. The winnings are then paid to anyone who has placed a successful bet.
Feniton
Feniton is a village and civil parish in East Devon in the English county of Devon. The village lies about 4 miles (6.4 km) west of Honiton, 3 miles (4.8 km) north of Ottery St Mary, and 2 miles (3.2 km) east of Talaton.

The parish of Feniton incorporates the hamlets of Colesworthy, Higher Cheriton and Curscombe. It covers an area of 644 hectares (1591 acres), and is surrounded, clockwise from the north, by the parishes of Payhembury, Buckerell, Gittisham, Ottery St Mary and Talaton. At the 2011 census the parish had a population of 1,806, increasing to 1,965 at the 2021 Census.

The 2012 draft East Devon Local Plan recorded 716 houses within the Built Up Area Boundary. Feniton is a major part of the electoral ward called "Feniton and Buckerell". The total population of this ward at the 2011 census was 2,274.

Honiton
Honiton (/ˈhɒnitən/) is a market town and civil parish in East Devon, situated close to the River Otter, 17 miles (27 km) north east of Exeter in the county of Devon. Honiton has a population estimated at 12,154 (based on 2021 census).
Alois Kuhn
Alois Kuhn (23 November 1910 - 12 February 1996) was a German ice hockey player who competed for the German national team at the 1936 Winter Olympics in Garmisch-Partenkirchen. He played club hockey for EV Füssen.

Garmisch-Partenkirchen
Garmisch-Partenkirchen (German pronunciation: [ˈɡaʁmɪʃ paʁtn̩ˈkɪʁçn̩] ⓘ; Bavarian: Garmasch-Partakurch) is an Alpine ski town in Bavaria, southern Germany. It is the seat of government of the district of Garmisch-Partenkirchen (abbreviated GAP), in the Oberbayern region, which borders Austria. Nearby is Germany's highest mountain, Zugspitze, at 2,962 metres (9,718 ft) above sea level.

The town is known as the site of the 1936 Winter Olympic Games, the first to include alpine skiing, and hosts a variety of winter sports competitions.
Nellie Bly
Elizabeth Cochrane Seaman (born Elizabeth Jane Cochran; May 5, 1864 – January 27, 1922), better known by her pen name Nellie Bly, was an American journalist who was widely known for her record-breaking trip around the world in 72 days in emulation of Jules Verne's fictional character Phileas Fogg, and for an exposé in which she worked undercover to report on a mental institution from within. She  ushered in the era of stunt girl reporting and helped advance a new kind of immersion journalism.

Circumnavigation
Circumnavigation is the complete navigation around an entire island, continent, or astronomical body (e.g. a planet or moon). This article focuses on the circumnavigation of Earth.

The first circumnavigation of the Earth was the Magellan Expedition, which sailed from Sanlucar de Barrameda, Spain in 1519 and returned in 1522, after crossing the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian oceans. Since the rise of commercial aviation in the mid 20th century, circumnavigating Earth is straightforward, usually taking days instead of years. Today, the challenge of circumnavigating Earth has shifted towards human and technological endurance, speed, and less conventional methods.
John Burton (conservationist)
John Burton (2 April 1944 – 22 May 2022) was a British conservationist and nature author.

In 1963, Burton became assistant information officer at the Natural History Museum. He was chief executive of the World Land Trust for 30 years. He held that position until 2019.

Burton was a regular columnist for the New Scientist and an Assistant Editor of Animals magazine (now BBC Wildlife Magazine).

Burton believed that veganism is not realistic from a conservationist view, but advocated for reduced meat and dairy. He described himself as a "largely vegetarian omnivore".

BBC Wildlife
BBC Wildlife is a British glossy, all-colour magazine about wildlife, operated and published by Immediate Media Company. It produces 13 issues a year.

BBC Wildlife was launched in January 1963 as Animals Magazine, edited by filmmaker Armand Denis. In 1974 the magazine was renamed Wildlife, and in November 1983 the magazine joined BBC Magazines as BBC Wildlife.

From 1981, and for 23 years, it was edited by Rosamund Kidman Cox. In May 2004, BBC Wildlife moved to Origin Publishing, which became Immediate Media, and Sophie Stafford took over the editorship after working as a section editor for two years. In 2013, Matt Swaine took over the reins, followed  by Sheena Harvey in 2015. The current Editor, Paul McGuinness, took over in May 2019.

Editions are now numbered such that the January 2005 edition was volume 23, number 1.
Laura Härmä
Anna Laura Härmä (née Numminen; 4 October 1891 – 2 May 1952) was a Finnish trade union functionary and politician. She was born in Urjala. She was a member of the Parliament of Finland, representing the Socialist Workers' Party of Finland (SSTP) from 1922 to 1923 and the Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP) from 1941 to 1944. When the SSTP was banned in 1923, she was imprisoned on sedition charges. She was later active in the Left Group of Finnish Workers, and in the Social Democratic Party of Finland after that.

Urjala
Urjala (Finnish: [ˈurjɑlɑ]; Swedish: Urjala, also Urdiala) is a municipality of Finland. It is part of the Pirkanmaa region, near the town of Forssa. The municipality has a population of 4,492 (31 December 2024) and covers an area of 505.37 square kilometres (195.12 sq mi) of which 30.16 km2 (11.64 sq mi) is water. The population density is 9.45 inhabitants per square kilometre (24.5/sq mi).

Neighbouring municipalities are Akaa, Forssa, Humppila, Hämeenlinna, Punkalaidun, Sastamala, Tammela, and Vesilahti. The city of Tampere is located 60 kilometres (37 mi) north of Urjala.

The municipality is unilingually Finnish.

The oldest glassblowing factory in Finland is located in the village of Nuutajärvi, Urjala.
Francis Fabricius
Francis Fabricius (c. 1510–1572) was a physician and humanist from the Low Countries. Fabricius was born in Roermond around 1510 and studied the humanities in Cologne, where he excelled at Latin and Greek. He went on to study medicine and in 1533 was established as a physician in Deventer. From 1545 to 1552 he was based in Aachen, where he studied the medicinal properties of the thermal springs. He died in 1572.

Roermond
Roermond (Dutch pronunciation: [ruːrˈmɔnt] ⓘ; Limburgish: Remunj [ʀəˈmʏɲ] or Remuunj [ʀəˈmyːɲ]) is a city, municipality, and diocese in the Limburg province of the Netherlands. Roermond is a historically important town on the lower Roer on the east bank of the river Meuse. It received town rights in 1231. Roermond's town centre has become a designated conservation area.

Through the centuries, the town has filled the role of commercial centre and a principal town in the duchy of Guelders. Since 1559, it has served as the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Roermond. The skyline of the town is dominated by the towers of its two churches, St. Christopher's Cathedral and Roermond Minster ("Munsterkerk" in Dutch). In addition to the churches, the town centre has many significant buildings and monuments.
Bedford Free School
Bedford Free School, part of Advantage Schools is a mixed secondary free school located in Bedford, Bedfordshire, England. The school opened in September 2012, and educates pupils from Bedford, Kempston and the wider Borough of Bedford.

Borough of Bedford
Bedford, or the Borough of Bedford, is a local government district with borough status in the ceremonial county of Bedfordshire, England. It is administered by Bedford Borough Council, a unitary authority. The council is based in Bedford, the borough's namesake and principal settlement, which is the county town of Bedfordshire.

The Bedford built-up-area is the 71st largest in the United Kingdom and also includes Kempston and Biddenham. Away from the Bedford built-up area the borough includes a large rural area with many villages. 75% of the borough's population live in the Bedford built-up and the five large villages which surround it, which makes up slightly less than 6% of the total land area of the borough.

The borough is also the location of the Wixams new settlement, immediately south of Bedford, which received its first residents in 2009.
Kelly Haimona
Kelly Haimona (born 30 July 1986) is a New Zealand-born international rugby union player who has represented Italy. He has played fly-half, centre, and fullback. He played for Zebre in the Italian Pro14 competition and returned to New Zealand in 2016 to play for the Bay of Plenty.

Bay of Plenty (National Provincial Championship)
Bay of Plenty (often known as the Bay of Plenty Steamers) are a New Zealand professional rugby union team based in Mount Maunganui, New Zealand.  The union was originally established in 1911, with the National Provincial Championship established in 1976. They now play in the reformed National Provincial Championship competition. They play their home games at Rotorua International Stadium in Rotorua or Tauranga Domain, Tauranga, both in the Bay of Plenty Region. The team is affiliated with the Chiefs Super Rugby franchise. Their home playing colours are blue and yellow.
Karl Christian Johann Holsten
Karl Christian Johann Holsten (March 31, 1825 – January 26, 1897) was a German Protestant theologian.

Holsten was born in Güstrow, Mecklenburg. He studied at Leipzig, Berlin, and the Rostock, where he became a teacher of religion at the Gymnasium in 1852. In 1870, he became a professor of New Testament studies at the Bern and moved to the Heidelberg in 1876, where he remained until his death.

Holsten was a follower of the Tübingen school and supported Baur's views on the alleged antagonism between Petrinism and Paulinism. His writings include:

Zum Evangelium d. Paulus und d. Petrus (1867)

Das Evangelium des Paulus dargestelit (1880)

Die synoptischen Evangelien nach der Form ihres Inhalts (1886)

University of Bern
The University of Bern (German: Universität Bern, French: Université de Berne, Latin: Universitas Bernensis) is a public research university in the Swiss capital of Bern. It was founded in 1834. It is regulated and financed by the canton of Bern. It is a comprehensive university offering a broad choice of courses and programs in eight faculties and some 150 institutes. With around 19,000 students, the University of Bern is the third largest university in Switzerland.
Larijan-e Sofla
Larijan-e Sofla (Persian: لاریجان سفلی, also Romanized as Lārījān-e Soflā; also known as Lārījān-e Pā'īn) is a village in Keyvan Rural District, in the Central District of Khoda Afarin County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 117, in 32 families. The village is populated by the Kurdish Mohammad Khanlu tribe.

Mohammad Khanlu
Mohammad Khanlu (Moḥammad-Ḵānlū) (محمد خانلو) is one of the six major Tribes of Arasbaran. It is a Turkified Kurdish tribe dwelling for the most part in the Arasbaran region, in East Azerbaijan province of Iran. Its summer quarters were around Marzrud and its winter quarters were around Heydarkanlu village of Khoda Afarin County. According to A. Lampton, in Arasbaran the pasturage belonged to Khans, who also owned arable land in winter quarters.

At present the tribe is in most part sedentary, with majority of families living in suburbs of Tehran. Some descendants of the ruling Klan spend their summer in Chaparli pastures, and others in the recently erected villas in Garmanab.
2012 Scottish Rally Championship
The Scottish Rally Championship is a rallying series run throughout Scotland over the course of a year, that comprises seven gravel rallies and one tarmac event. Points are awarded to the top placed drivers and the driver scoring the highest number of points over the season is declared Champion

David Bogie began the year as defending champion after winning four out of the eight events in 2011.

The 2012 season began in the snow-covered forest tracks around Inverness on 18 February, with the season finale taking place around Perth on 6 October. 2012 was the final year of a two-year partnership with leading motorsport tyre manufacture, DMACK Tyres.

Following the Merrick Stages Rally in September, David Bogie and Kevin Rae were declared champions.

The award ceremony took place on 1 December 2012 at Hilton Treetops Hotel, Aberdeen.

Scottish Rally Championship
The Scottish Rally Championship is a rallying series run throughout Scotland over the course of a year, that comprises both gravel and closed surface rallies.

Points are awarded to the top placed drivers and the driver scoring the highest number of points over the season is declared Champion. The championship has always been a breeding ground for many World Rally Championship drivers, including Colin & Alister McRae, Robbie Head and Barry Clark.

Notable previous champions have included Mitsubishi Ralliart founder Andrew Cowan, who won the championship in 1976 in a Colt Lancer, and former World Rally Champion, Colin McRae who performed a giant killing act when he took the series crown in 1988 in his humble Vauxhall Nova.
Roscoe Wilmeth
Roscoe Hall Wilmeth (April 17, 1922 – August 19, 1981) was an American archaeologist who was born in St. Marys, Pennsylvania.  His research was focused on the protohistoric and historic period cultures in the Southwest and Great Plains regions of the United States, and the province of British Columbia in Canada.  Wilmeth's major areas of expertise included Pueblo, Navajo, Kansa, Pawnee, Athabaskan and Chilcotin cultures.  Wilmeth played a major role in the creation of the state archaeologist position in Kansas, was the first to occupy this position, and later went on to become a major contributor to Canadian archaeology as an archaeologist for the Canadian Museum of Civilization, formerly known as the National Museum of Man and which includes the Archaeological Survey of Canada.

Navajo
The Navajo are an Indigenous People of the Southwestern United States. Their language is Navajo (Navajo: Diné bizaad), a Southern Athabascan language.

The states with the largest Diné populations are Arizona (140,263) and New Mexico (108,305). More than three-quarters of the Diné population resides in these two states.

The overwhelming majority of Diné are enrolled in the Navajo Nation. Some Diné are enrolled in the Colorado River Indian Tribes, another federally recognized tribe.

With more than 399,494 enrolled tribal citizens as of 2021, the Navajo Nation is the second largest federally recognized tribe in the United States. The Navajo Nation has the largest reservation in the country. The reservation straddles the Four Corners region and covers more than 27,325 square miles (70,770 square kilometers) of land in Arizona, Utah, and New Mexico. The Navajo Reservation is slightly larger than the state of West Virginia.
Dénes Petz
Dénes Petz (1953–2018) was a Hungarian mathematical physicist and quantum information theorist. He is well known for his work on quantum entropy inequalities and equality conditions, quantum f-divergences, sufficiency in quantum statistical inference, quantum Fisher information, and the related concept of monotone metrics in quantum information geometry. He proposed the first quantum generalization of Rényi relative entropy and established its data processing inequality.

He has written or coauthored several textbooks which have been widely read by experts in quantum information theory.

He has also coauthored a book in the area of mathematical physics.

Statistical inference
Statistical inference is the process of using data analysis to infer properties of an underlying probability distribution. Inferential statistical analysis infers properties of a population, for example by testing hypotheses and deriving estimates. It is assumed that the observed data set is sampled from a larger population.

Inferential statistics can be contrasted with descriptive statistics. Descriptive statistics is solely concerned with properties of the observed data, and it does not rest on the assumption that the data come from a larger population. In machine learning, the term inference is sometimes used instead to mean "make a prediction, by evaluating an already trained model"; in this context inferring properties of the model is referred to as training or learning (rather than inference), and using a model for prediction is referred to as inference (instead of prediction); see also predictive inference.
Leland High School (Leland, Mississippi)
Leland Senior High School (LHS) is a public high school in Leland, Mississippi, United States.  It educates approximately 336 students in grades nine through twelve.  It is a part of the Leland School District.  Leland Elementary and Leland School Park feed students into Leland High School. As of 2025, about 93 percent of students are black and 100 percent are documented as economically disadvantaged. Reading test and science test scores at the school were slightly above the state average and math scores at the state average.

Ninth grade
Ninth grade (also 9th or Grade 9) is the ninth year of formal or compulsory education in some countries. It is generally part of high school or secondary school depending on the country. Students in ninth grade are usually 14–15 years old.
Roslyn Elementary School
Roslyn Elementary School, located in Westmount, Quebec, Canada, is a coeducational public school for children between Pre-K and grade Six. The school opened in September 1908 and is currently operated by the English Montreal School Board (EMSB). Roslyn offers bilingual education in English and French; the school introduced its French Immersion Program in 1968, the first on the island of Montreal.

Ross and Macdonald
Ross and Macdonald was one of Canada's most notable architecture firms in the early 20th century.  Based in Montreal, Quebec, the firm originally operated as a partnership between George Allen Ross and David MacFarlane (known as Ross and MacFarlane) from 1907 to 1912.  MacFarlane withdrew from the firm in 1912, and Robert Henry Macdonald became a partner.

The Ross and Macdonald name was used until 1944, after which it became Ross & Ross, Architects, when John Kenneth Ross joined his father as partner. Following George Allen Ross's death in 1946, the firm continued as Ross, Patterson, Townsend & Heughan. By 1970, the firm was known as Ross, Fish, Duschenes & Barrett. Since 2006, it has operated as DFS Inc. Architecture & Design.
Fredonia Commons Historic District
Fredonia Commons Historic District is a national historic district located at Fredonia in Chautauqua County, New York.  The district encompasses the central core of Fredonia; the main civic buildings, churches and commercial structures clustered around the commons.  The district includes approximately 25 structures including the Fenner Fire Station, Village Hall, U.S. Post Office, Darwin R. Baker Library, United Methodist Church, Baptist Church, and Trinity Episcopal Church. Commercial buildings are located along the south side of the commons.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.

Village green
A village green is a common open area within a village or other settlement. Historically, a village green was common grassland with a pond for watering cattle and other animals, often at the edge of a rural settlement, used for gathering cattle to bring them later on to a common land for grazing. Later, planned greens were built into the centres of villages.

The village green also provided, and may still provide, an open-air meeting place for the local people, which may be used for public celebrations, such as May Day festivities. The term is used more broadly to encompass woodland, moorland, sports grounds, buildings, roads and urban parks.
Ashish Jaiswal
Ashish Nandkishore Jaiswal is an Indian politician and Minister of State for Finance, Planning, Agriculture, Assistance, and Rehabilitation, as well as Law and Justice, in the State of Maharashtra. Shiv Sena MLA Ramtek constituency. Member of the Shiv Sena from Nagpur district, Maharashtra. He is a Member of the Legislative Assembly from Ramtek Vidhan Sabha constituency of Nagpur, Maharashtra, as an independent member. He had been elected for three consecutive terms in the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly in 1999, 2004, 2009, 2019 and 2024.

Ramtek Assembly constituency
Ramtek Assembly constituency is one of twelve constituencies of the Maharashtra Vidhan Sabha located in the Nagpur district.

It is a part of the Ramtek Lok Sabha constituency (SC) from Nagpur district along with five other assembly constituencies, viz Katol, Hingna, Umred (SC), Kamthi and Savner Assembly constituency.
Wagoora–Kreeri Assembly constituency
Wagoora–Kreeri is one of the 90 constituencies in the Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir a north state of India. Wagoora–Kreeri is also part of Baramulla Lok Sabha constituency.

The Wagoora-Kreeri constituency includes parts of Tangmarg, Wagoora, Kreeri, and Khoi. 98 polling stations have been designated for the constituency while 72,173 voters including 32,669 males, 35501 females, and three transgender voters are registered in the constituency as per 2024 Elections.

Kreeri
Kreeri or Kreer is a tehsil in Pattan sub-district. It is medical block  and falls under the jurisdiction of revenue Block Wagoora in  Baramulla district in the Indian administered union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. It is the business centre with Wagoora of the Wagoora-Kreeri Legislative Assembly or Kruhin region of North Kashmir.

Kreeri has a recorded history of about 600 years when the Sufi saint, scholar, mystic, Authority on Islamic Law Hazrat Mir Syed Haji Murad Bukhari (RA) made it his abode. His ancestors had come from central Asia and travelled to the valley from Multan. During his time Sultan Zain ul Abideen, Budshah visited Kreeri and offered Friday Prayers in his leadership. His Khanqah and Ziyarat (Mazar) is revered by all Muslims of the valley.