hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Common pine sawfly
The common pine sawfly, Diprion pini, is a sawfly species in the family Diprionidae. The adult male is dark brown or black with comb-like antennae; the female is striped black and yellow. The female lays some 100–150 eggs on pine needles. The caterpillars are yellow-green, gregarious, and feed on pine needles. The next generation of adults can emerge from pupae the same year, or the pupae can go into diapause for a year or more. The species is widespread throughout Europe and Russia.

The insect is a serious pest of economic forestry, capable of defoliating large areas of pine forest. The Scots pine, Pinus sylvestris, is the main host but other pine species are also attacked. Since the species grazes until late autumn, weakened trees often die in winter. Control involves aerial spraying of insecticides, or biological control with parasitoid wasps. The species was first described by Carl Linnaeus.

Insecticide
Insecticides are pesticides used to kill insects. They include ovicides and larvicides used against insect eggs and larvae, respectively. The major use of insecticides is in agriculture, but they are also used in home and garden settings, industrial buildings, for vector control, and control of insect parasites of animals and humans.

Acaricides, which kill mites and ticks, are not strictly insecticides, but are usually classified together with insecticides. Some insecticides (including common bug sprays) are effective against other non-insect arthropods as well, such as scorpions, spiders, etc. Insecticides are distinct from insect repellents, which repel but do not kill.
George Brown (South African politician)
George Brown (1870 – August 1932) was a Scottish trade unionist and politician, active in South Africa.

Born in Glasgow to a mining family, Brown completed an apprenticeship as a boilermaker and in 1890 joined the United Society of Boilermakers (USB). In 1897, he emigrated to South Africa, settling in the Transvaal.  While he maintained his membership of the local branch of the USB, he became concerned that it was not attracting membership from workers who had served their apprenticeship in South Africa. As a result, in 1916, he founded the South African Boilermakers' Society (SABS).

Brown was elected as the first president of SABS, and spent his time touring the country, giving speeches, to attract members.  He joined the Labour Party, and at the South African general election, 1924 won a seat in Germiston. At this point, he was made honorary life president of SABS. He died, still in office, in 1932.

1924 South African general election
General elections were held in South Africa on 17 June 1924, electing 135 members of the House of Assembly. Considered a realigning election, rising discontent with the government of Jan Smuts led to the defeat of his government by a coalition of the pro-Afrikaner National Party and the South African Labour Party, a socialist party representing the interests of the white proletariat.

Smuts had angered South African nationalists by his moderate stance on South African independence from the British Empire. The worldwide depression after the end of the First World War had led to a strike in South Africa, known as the Rand Rebellion, which had been defused through a combination of military force and negotiation with the outgunned unions, earning Smuts the enmity of the labour vote. As a consequence Smuts's SAP was defeated by a Nationalist–Labour Pact, J. B. M. Hertzog formed the government and became Prime Minister – a position he was to hold until 1939.
Sanggoe Darma Tanjung
Sanggoe Darma Tanjung (born 28 December 2001) is an Indonesian street skateboarder and a two-time silver medalist at the Asian Games. At the 2022 Asian Games, he finished second in the Men's street skateboarding event.

Street skateboarding
Street skateboarding is a skateboarding discipline which focuses on flat-ground tricks, grinds, slides and aerials within urban environments, and public spaces. Street skateboarders meet, skate, and hang out in and around urban areas referred to as "spots," which are commonly streets, plazas or industrial areas. To add variety and complexity to street skateboarding, obstacles such as handrails, stairs, walls, flower beds, bins, park benches, picnic tables, and other street furniture may be traversed as single tricks or as part of a series of consecutive tricks called a "line."
Suraj Pal Chauhan
Suraj Pal Chauhan was a Dalit writer and publisher.  He was born on 20 April, 1955 in a Balmik family of village Bhusawali of Aligarh district, Uttar Pradesh, India. His book, Harry Kab Ayega (Short Stories) 1999 is a well-known work in Dalit literature. He was a recipient of the Hindi Academy Award.

Death

He died on 15 June 2021.

Aligarh district
Aligarh district (Hindi pronunciation: [əliːgəɽʱ]) is one of the 75 districts in the northern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. This district is a part of Aligarh Division. The districts which adjoin Aligarh are (clockwise from north) Gautam Buddha Nagar, Bulandshahr, Sambhal, Badaun, Kasganj, Hathras and Mathura.
Degree symbol
The degree symbol or degree sign, °, is a glyph or symbol that is used, among other things, to represent degrees of arc (e.g. in geographic coordinate systems), hours (in the medical field), degrees of temperature or alcohol proof. The symbol consists of a small superscript circle.

Glyph
A glyph (/ɡlɪf/ GLIF) is any kind of purposeful mark. In typography, a glyph is "the specific shape, design, or representation of a character". It is a particular graphical representation, in a particular typeface (or computer font), of an element of written language. (That 'element' is called a grapheme –  the conceptual abstraction of some letter, number or symbol, which is independent of the glyph designed to represent it in a particular font.)
Elena Bolotina
Elena Bolotina (Belarusian: Алена Балоціна; Russian: Елена Болотина, born 23 September 1997 in Minsk, Belarus) is a Belarusian individual rhythmic gymnast. She is the 2015 Grand Prix Final all-around bronze medalist and the 2012 European Junior Hoop silver medalist.

Belarusians
Belarusians (Belarusian: беларусы, romanized: biełarusy [bʲeɫaˈrusɨ]) are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Belarus. They natively speak Belarusian, an East Slavic language. More than 9 million people proclaim Belarusian ethnicity worldwide. Nearly 7.99 million Belarusians reside in Belarus, with the United States and Russia being home to more than 500,000 Belarusians each. The majority of Belarusians adhere to Eastern Orthodoxy.
Olu (film)
Olu (transl. She) is an Indian Malayalam-language fantasy film directed by Shaji N. Karun and written by T D Ramakrishnan. The film stars Esther Anil, Shane Nigam, Indrans, Kani Kusruti in the lead role; produced by A V Anoop. The film was the opening film at the 49th International Film Festival of India (2018). It was also screened at a few other major film festivals.

Indrans
K. Surendran (born 16 March 1956), better known by his stage name Indrans, is an Indian actor and former costume designer, who appears in Malayalam films. He started his film career as a costume designer and actor in 1981 and got a breakthrough in 1994 with the comedy movie CID Unnikrishnan B.A., B.Ed. Indrans was popular for his comedy roles in the 1990s and 2000s.

He found success in playing character roles in his later career and won the National Film Awards-Special Mention for his performance in Home in 2023 and the Kerala State Film Award – Special Mention for Apothecary in 2014. In 2018, Indrans won the Kerala State Film Award for Best Actor for his performance in Aalorukkam. His performance in Veyilmarangal won him the Best Actor Award at the 2019 Singapore International Film Festival. As of November 2021, he had starred in over 550 films.
Zawiya Refinery
The Zawia or Zawiya Refinery is an oil refinery located in Zawiya, Libya, which is about 40 kilometres (25 mi) west of Tripoli.

The refinery was opened in 1974 and it currently produces an estimated 120,000 barrels (19,000 m3) of oil products per day (bpd). It is a topping and reforming refinery having a distillation capacity of 6,000 tonnes per annum. The refinery is operated by the Zawia Oil Refining Company, a subsidiary of the National Oil Corporation. NOC is expected to re-tender an engineering, procurement and construction contract for upgrading the Zawia refinery.

National Oil Corporation
The National Oil Corporation (NOC; Arabic: المؤسسة الوطنية للنفط) is the national oil company of Libya. It dominates Libya's oil industry, along with a number of smaller subsidiaries, which combined account for the vast majority of the country's oil output.  It is led by Farhat Bengdara, appointed in July 2022. Of NOC's subsidiaries, the largest oil producer is the Waha Oil Company (WOC), followed by the Arabian Gulf Oil Company (Agoco), Zueitina Oil Company (ZOC), and Sirte Oil Company (SOC).
Gaspar Zarrías
Gaspar Zarrías Arevalo (born 30 April 1955) is a Spanish lawyer, politician and member of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE), which he joined in 1972.

Zarrias served as the interim President of the Regional Government of Andalusia from 7 April 2009, to 23 April 2009. He has served as the President's Office Minister for the Parliament of Andalusia and a member of the Organizing Committee of the Mediterranean Games of Almeria (COJMA). He has served as the Secretario de Ciudades y Política Municipal del PSOE, a leading position within the PSOE, since February 2012.

He previously served as a Councillor of Cazalilla (Jaén). He is involved in ERE corruption scandal since 2016.

Parliament of Andalusia
The Parliament of Andalusia (Spanish: Parlamento de Andalucía) is the legislature of the Spanish autonomous community of Andalusia instituted by the Andalusian Charter of Autonomy of 1981. It is elected by the residents of Andalusia every four years.
Situation (album)
Situation is a 2007 studio album by Canadian hip hop musician Buck 65. It is a concept album based around the year 1957. It peaked at number 31 on Billboard's Heatseekers Albums chart. At the 2008 Juno Awards, Skratch Bastid was nominated as Producer of the Year for his work on the album.

Jack Richardson Producer of the Year Award
The Juno Award for "Producer of the Year" has been awarded since 1975, as recognition each year for the best record producer in Canada.  It was renamed the "Jack Richardson Producer of the Year" award in 2003, after Jack Richardson who was a noted Canadian record producer.
John of Valamo
Schema-Igumen John (Russian: Схиигумен Иоанн, Finnish: Skeemaigumeeni Johannes, born Ivan Alekseyevich Alekseyev, Russian: Иван Алексеевич Алексеев; 26 February 1873, village Gubka, Novotorzhsky Uyezd, Tver Governorate, Russian Empire – 5 June 1958, New Valamo, Heinävesi, Finland), canonized as St. John of Valamo (Finnish: Johannes Valamolainen, Russian: Иоанн Валаамский), was a monk in both Old Valamo and New Valamo and the head of the Petsamo Monastery. Some of his letters, containing many pieces of spiritual advice have been published in English in a book called  Christ in Our Midst. Letters from a Russian Monk.

Tver Governorate
57°N 36°E﻿ / ﻿57°N 36°E﻿ / 57; 36

Tver Governorate (Russian: Тверская губерния, romanized: Tverskaya guberniya) was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire and the Russian SFSR, which existed from 1796 until 1929. Its seat was in Tver. The governorate was located in the north of the European part of the Russian Empire and bordered Novgorod Governorate in the north, Yaroslavl Governorate in the east, Vladimir Governorate in the southeast, Moscow Governorate in the south, Smolensk Governorate in the southwest, and Pskov Governorate in the west.

The area of the governorate is currently split between the Tver and Moscow oblasts. Minor parts of Tver Governorate also currently belong to the Yaroslavl and Novgorod oblasts.
Robin Stokes
Robert Harold (Robin) Stokes FAA (1918–2016) was an Australian chemist and Foundation Professor of Chemistry at the University of New England, from 1955 to 1979. His research interests included solution thermodynamics and electrolytes.

Stokes was born on 24 December 1918 at Southsea in England, and the family moved to New Zealand in the 1920s. Stokes was educated at Auckland Grammar School and Auckland University College, where his studies were interrupted by the war, (BSc 1938, MSc (hons) 1940, DSc 1949) and University of Cambridge (PhD 1950).

In 1942 he married Jean Wilson and in 1946 he accepted a position at the University of Western Australia.

He is a relation of the Anglo-Irish Stokes family including Sir George Stokes and John Stokes.

Auckland Grammar School
Auckland Grammar School (often simplified to Auckland Grammar, or Grammar), established in 1869, is a state, day and boarding secondary school for boys in Auckland, New Zealand. The school has produced more national rugby team members than any other school in New Zealand, and 26 Rhodes Scholars to Oxford University.

The school was originally situated on Howe Street in Freeman’s Bay, where Auckland Girls Grammar School is now located. It moved to its current site on Mountain Road in Epsom in 1916. As of 2020, it has 2606 students, making it the third largest school in New Zealand. The current headmaster, Tim O’Connor, was appointed in 2012.
Hardeland hydroelectric power station
Hardeland hydroelectric power station is a power plant in Etne Municipality in western Norway. The site is owned and operated by Haugaland Kraft.

The station uses water from two sets of reservoirs. Hardeland H is a 400 m vertical fall from Løkjelsvatnet, while Hardeland K uses Grindheimsvatnet, Ilsvatnet, Basurde-/Krokavatnet and Hjørnås via a 305 m fall from the Hjørnås lake.

Hardeland is connected to the grid with a 22 kV line to Litledalen. The site uses three pelton wheels with 14 MW generators, and average yearly output is 123 GWh.

Pelton wheel
The Pelton wheel or Pelton Turbine is an impulse-type water turbine invented by American inventor Lester Allan Pelton in the 1870s. The Pelton wheel extracts energy from the impulse of moving water, as opposed to water's dead weight like the traditional overshot water wheel. Many earlier variations of impulse turbines existed, but they were less efficient than Pelton's design. Water leaving those wheels typically still had high speed, carrying away much of the dynamic energy brought to the wheels.  Pelton's paddle geometry was designed so that when the rim ran at half the speed of the water jet, the water left the wheel with very little speed; thus his design extracted almost all of the water's impulse energy—which made for a very efficient turbine.
Narrow-gauge railways in South America
Metre and 3 ft (914 mm) gauge lines are found in South America. Some of the 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) gauge lines cross international borders, though not as efficiently as they might.

Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil and Chile have 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) gauge lines. Colombia and Peru have 3 ft (914 mm) gauge lines.

PeruRail
PeruRail is a railway operator providing tourist, freight, and charter services in southern Peru. It was founded in 1999 by two Peruvian entrepreneurs and the British company Sea Containers.

The main line between the port of Matarani, Arequipa, Cusco and Puno on Lake Titicaca. It was formerly known as the Ferrocarril del Sur (Peru Southern Railway), and was for a time owned and operated by the ENAFER state company. It is the third highest railway in the world after the Qinghai–Tibet Railway to Tibet and the FCCA line from Lima to Huancayo, and is the longest line in Peru.

From Cusco, PeruRail provides passenger services on the 3 ft (914 mm) Ferrocarril Santa Ana to Aguas Calientes, delivering tourists for Machu Picchu.

It operates in a 50/50 joint venture between Belmond Limited and Peruvian Trains and Railways, owned by two Peruvian entrepreneurs; Lorenzo Sousa Debarbieri is the chairman of the board of directors of the company.
Idfa
Idfa (Arabic: إدفا) is a village in Sohag Governorate in Upper Egypt located 6.4 km (4.0 mi) from the nearby city of Sohag. In antiquity, it was known by the ancient Egyptians as Iteb, then it was named by the Greeks as Itos (Ancient Greek: Ἰτος).

Sohag Governorate
Sohag (Arabic: محافظة سوهاج) is one of the governorates of Egypt. It is located in the southern part of the country (Upper Egypt), and covers a stretch of the Nile Valley. Since 1960, its capital has been the city of Sohag. Prior to that, the capital was the city of Girga and the name of the governorate was Girga Governorate.
North–South connection
The North–South connection (French: Jonction Nord-Midi; Dutch: Noord-Zuidverbinding) is a railway link of national and international importance through central Brussels, Belgium, that connects the major railway stations in the city. It is line 0 (zero) of the Belgian rail network. With 1200 trains a day, it is the busiest railway line in Belgium and the busiest railway tunnel in the world. It has six tracks and is used for passenger trains, or rarely for a maintenance train when work is to be done on the railway infrastructure inside the North–South connection itself, but not for freight trains. It is partially underground (around Brussels-Central railway station) and partially raised above street level.

Eurostar
Eurostar is an international high-speed rail service in Western Europe, connecting Belgium, France, Germany, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom through the Channel Tunnel.

The service is operated by the Eurostar Group which was formed from the merger of Eurostar, which operated trains through the Channel Tunnel to the United Kingdom, and Thalys which operated entirely within continental Europe.

Eurostar has transported over 400 million passengers since services began in 1994, including a record 20 million passengers in 2025. The operator is exploring future network expansions and aims to double passenger numbers between 2022 and 2030.
Riëtte Fledderus
Emmy Henriëtte "Riëtte" Fledderus (born 18 October 1977) is a retired volleyball player from the Netherlands, who represented her native country at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia, finishing in fifth place.

Fledderus was a member of the Netherlands national team that won the gold medal at the 1995 European Championship by defeating Croatia 3–0 in the final. She was also part of the team during the 2007 Boris Yeltsin Cup in Yekaterinburg where the Dutch won the silver medal after losing the final to China 3–1.

Croatia women's national volleyball team
The Croatia women's national volleyball team represents Croatia in international women's volleyball competitions and friendly matches. The team's biggest successes came in 1995, 1997 and 1999 when Croatia won three silver medals at the European Championships.
Jiangnan, Nanning
Jiangnan District (simplified Chinese: 江南区; traditional Chinese: 江南區; pinyin: Jiāngnán Qū; Standard Zhuang: Gyanghnanz Gih) is one of seven districts of the prefecture-level city of Nanning, the capital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, South China.

South China
South China (pinyin: Huá'nán; Jyutping: jyut6 naam4) is a geographical and cultural region that covers the southernmost part of China. Its precise meaning varies with context. A notable feature of South China in comparison to the rest of China proper is that most of its citizens are not native speakers of Standard Chinese. Cantonese is the most common language in general definitions of South China.
Muin J. Khoury
Muin Joseph Khoury is an American geneticist and epidemiologist who conducts research in the field of public health genomics. He is the founding director of the Office of Public Health Genomics at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention since 1997. He has also been a senior advisor in public health genomics at the National Cancer Institute since 2007.

Public health genomics
Public health genomics is the use of genomics information to benefit public health. This is visualized as more effective preventive care and disease treatments with better specificity, tailored to the genetic makeup of each patient. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.), Public Health genomics is an emerging field of study that assesses the impact of genes and their interaction with behavior, diet and the environment on the population's health.

This field of public health genomics is less than a decade old. A number of think tanks, universities, and governments (including the U.S., UK, and Australia) have started public health genomics projects. Research on the human genome is generating new knowledge that is changing public health programs and policies. Advances in genomic sciences are increasingly being used to improve health, prevent disease, educate and train the public health workforce, other healthcare providers, and citizens.
Bjarne Jensen (umpire)
Bjarne Kofoed Jensen (born 1958) is a Danish cricket umpire. Jensen's first major umpiring duties came in 1989, when England women played two matches in Denmark at the Nykøbing Mors Cricket Club Ground against the Netherlands women and Ireland women, in matches which had Women's One Day International status.  Over a decade later, he stood in two List A matches in men's cricket in English domestic cricket, the first in a match in the 2002 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy between Hertfordshire and Staffordshire, while the second in the 2003 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy between Northumberland and the Yorkshire Cricket Board.

Northumberland County Cricket Club
Northumberland County Cricket Club is one of twenty minor county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England, and Wales. It represents the historic county of Northumberland.

The team is currently a member of the Minor Counties Championship Eastern Division and plays in the MCCA Knockout Trophy. Northumberland played List A matches occasionally from 1971 until 2005, but is not classified as a List A team per se.

The club is based at Osborne Avenue, Jesmond and also plays matches around the county at Benwell Park and at the South Northumberland CC ground at Gosforth.
Kandi Koated
Kandi Koated is the second studio album by American R&B recording artist Kandi Burruss, released on December 14, 2010 in the United States on her independent label Kandi Koated Entertainment and Asylum Records. The album features production from Kandi amongst others including Jazze Pha, Ne-Yo, Bryan-Michael Cox, and Drumma Boy. Kandi promoted the album with her debut EP, Fly Above EP, released on October 29, 2009. The first single "Leave U" has reached number 89 on the Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.  
The U.S. iTunes Store had a deluxe edition available for pre-order with 3 bonus tracks.

Asylum Records
Asylum Records is a defunct American record label, founded in 1971 by David Geffen and partner Elliot Roberts. It was taken over by Warner Communications (now the Warner Music Group) in 1972, and later merged with Elektra Records to become Elektra/Asylum Records.

After previous incarnations, it is geared primarily towards hip-hop, along with rock and alternative metal. It is owned and distributed by Warner Music Group.
WKFV
WKFV (107.3 FM) is a radio station broadcasting a Christian contemporary music format. Licensed to Clinton, North Carolina, United States, it serves the Fayetteville area. The station is currently owned by Educational Media Foundation, airing their K-LOVE format.

Clinton, North Carolina
Clinton (locally /ˈklɪnən/ KLIN-ən, /ˈklɪntən/ KLINT-ən) is a city in and the county seat of Sampson County, North Carolina, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 8,383. Clinton is named for Richard Clinton, a Brigadier General of the North Carolina militia in the American Revolution.