hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Law (bishop)
John Law (1745–1810) was an English mathematician and clergyman who began his career as a Fellow of Christ's College, Cambridge, and went on to become chaplain to the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland and Church of Ireland bishop of Clonfert and Kilmacduagh (1782–1787), Killala and Achonry (1787–1795), and finally of Elphin (1795–1810).

He was a lifelong friend and correspondent of the philosopher William Paley.

Cumberland
Cumberland (/ˈkʌmbərlənd/ KUM-bər-lənd) is an area of North West England which was historically a county. The county was bordered by Northumberland to the north-east, County Durham to the east, Westmorland to the south-east, Lancashire to the south, and the Scottish counties of Dumfriesshire and Roxburghshire to the north. The county included the city of Carlisle, part of the Lake District and North Pennines, and the Solway Firth coastline.

Cumberland had an administrative function from the 12th century until 1974, when it was subsumed into Cumbria with Westmorland as well as parts of Yorkshire and Lancashire. It gives its name to the unitary authority area of Cumberland, which has similar boundaries but excludes Penrith.
Furst Menschikoff
Several Finnish ships have been named Furst Menschikoff after Alexander Sergeyevich Menshikov, Governor-General of Finland.

Furst Menschikoff was the first sea-going passenger steam ship in Finland. She sailed on a route between Saint Petersburg, Tallinn (Reval), Helsinki (Helsingfors), Turku, (Åbo) and Stockholm. sharing the route with the Storfursten. The 35 meter ship started traffic in 1837. The ship was designed by the Swedish shipwright von Sydow and built in Turku. Her 90 horsepower (67 kW) steam engine was built by Motala Verkstad.

Furst Menschikoff (II) was built in Turku in 1850. She too was a paddle steamer with a 100 horsepower (75 kW) engine.

A cargo ship by the same name was launched in 1834 In 1845 she was carrying tar between Kokkola and London. A Furst Menschikoff from Turku was lost at sea in 1867 outside Prussia.

Motala Verkstad
AB Motala Verkstad is one of the oldest engineering companies in Sweden. The company was founded in 1822 during the construction of Göta Canal. Motala Verkstad has also built about 400 ships, 800 bridges (e.g. Västerbron, Skeppsholmsbron, Bergsnäsbron and the Ahvaz Bridge in Iran), railway equipment, 1300 locomotives. The 118-meter-tall towers of Uppsala Cathedral were also built by Motala Verkstad. During the 1970s the company was the world's largest exporter of kitchen sinks and during the 1980s they built landing gear for Swedish-built aircraft. As of 2023 the company employs about 240 people.
Sufism in Punjab
Sufism has played a major role in the history of Punjab. West Punjab, Pakistan is heavily influenced by Sufi Saints and major Sufi Pirs. The partition in 1947 led to the almost complete ethnic cleansing of Muslims from East Punjab. The Sufi shrines in the region continue to thrive, particularly among so-called ‘low’ caste Dalits that constitutes more than 30% of its population. After the partition the Dalit community took over the care of Sufi shrines in the East Punjab.

Baba Farid
Farīduddīn Masūd Ganjshakar (c. 4 April 1188 – 7 May 1266), commonly known as Bābā Farīd or Sheikh Farīd (also in Anglicised spelling Fareed, Fareed ud-Deen, Masood, etc.), was a 12th-13th century Punjabi Muslim mystic, poet and preacher. Revered by Hindus, Muslims and Sikhs alike, he remains one of the most revered Muslim mystics of South Asia during the Islamic Golden Age.
Ben Wattman
Benjamin "Ben" Wattman is an American former soccer player who earned two caps, scoring one goal, with the U.S. national team in 1949. Wattman earned his first caps in a 6–0 loss to Mexico on September 4, 1949.  Fourteen days later, he earned his second cap and scored a goal in a 6–2 loss to Mexico.  Both of these games were part of the 1949 NAFC Championship which was used as the regional qualification tournament for the 1950 FIFA World Cup.  Despite the two losses to Mexico, the U.S. qualified for the World Cup with a tie and win over Cuba.  Wattman was not selected for the World Cup roster.  At the time, he played for New York Hakoah in the American Soccer League.

New York Hakoah
New York Hakoah is an American soccer club based in New York City, which takes its name from two earlier, defunct clubs.
Hakoah (roughly translated as "strength" from Hebrew) is a frequent name for sport and social Jewish clubs around the world, something linked with the original clubs' ties to the Jewish community.
Erick Baker
Erick Baker (born December 12, 1978) is an American singer-songwriter from Knoxville, Tennessee.

He has performed with national acts, including rock musician James Blunt, alternative country musician Brandi Carlile, pop-rock musician Gavin DeGraw, the rock band Goo Goo Dolls, the rock band , R&B artist John Legend, indie-rock musician Edwin McCain and rock musician Grace Potter.

Additionally, Baker has headlined six sold-out appearances at Knoxville's Bijou Theatre.

Alternative country
Alternative country (commonly abbreviated to alt-country; insurgent country, Americana, or y'allternative) is a loosely defined subgenre of country music that includes acts that differ significantly in style from mainstream country music, mainstream country rock, and country pop. Most frequently, the term has been used to describe certain country music bands and artists that are also defined as or have incorporated influences from genres such as alternative rock, indie rock, punk rock, heartland rock, Southern rock, progressive country, outlaw country, neotraditional country, Texas country, Red Dirt, roots rock, indie folk, folk rock, rockabilly, bluegrass, and honky tonk.
2000 Copenhagen Open – Doubles
Max Mirnyi and Andrei Olhovskiy were the defending champions, but none competed this year. Mirnyi played in Delray Beach at the same week

Martin Damm and David Prinosil won the title by defeating Jonas Björkman and Sébastien Lareau 6–1, 5–7, 7–5 in the final.

Sébastien Lareau
Sébastien Lareau (French pronunciation: [sebastjɛ̃ laʁo]; born April 27, 1973) is a former professional tennis player. He became the first Canadian to win a Grand Slam title by winning the 1999 US Open men's doubles with his American partner Alex O'Brien. He also won his nation's first Olympic tennis medal by claiming gold in men's doubles at the 2000 Sydney Games with Daniel Nestor.
Nikki Kimball
Nikki Kimball (born May 23, 1971) is an American distance runner specializing in the Ultramarathon. She ran her first 100-mile race at the Western States 100 Mile Endurance Run in 2004, and was the female winner. She was the winning female at Western States again in 2006 and 2007, becoming only the third woman to win Western States three times. In 2014, she won the Marathon Des Sables multi-stage endurance race on her first attempt. Prior to running, her main sport was cross-country skiing. She was crewed at the 2007 Western States by U.S. Senator Max Baucus of Montana, where Kimball lives. She lives in Bozeman, Montana.

Marathon des Sables
Marathon des Sables (often abbreviated MDS) is an international organization that hosts several formats of ultra-endurance footraces, most of them held in food self-sufficiency conditions.

The flagship event, now known as MDS Legendary, dates back to 1986 and takes place every year in the Moroccan Sahara, covering around 250 km in six stages.

Since 2017, the organization has expanded its portfolio with new formats (ranging from 70 km to 250 km) and destinations such as Peru, Namibia, Fuerteventura, Jordan, Turkey and France.

Every year, thousands of amateur and professional runners from all over the world take part in the different races, which combine sporting challenge with a strong human and collective experience.
Goa trance
Goa trance is an electronic dance music style that originated in the early 1990s in the Indian state of Goa. Goa trance often has drone-like basslines, similar to the techno minimalism of 21st century psychedelic trance (psytrance). Psychedelic trance developed from Goa trance. The typically long songs built on progressive beat changes are said to put the listener in a "trance".

Minimal techno
Minimal techno is a subgenre of techno music. It is characterized by a stripped-down aesthetic that exploits the use of repetition and understated development. Minimal techno is thought to have been originally developed in the early 1990s by Detroit-based producers Robert Hood and Daniel Bell.

By the early 2000s the term "minimal" generally described a style of techno that was popularized in Germany by labels such as Kompakt, Perlon, and Richie Hawtin's M-nus, among others.
Frank Bentley (priest)
Frank William Henry Bentley (4 March 1934 – 15 November 2024) was an English Anglican clergyman who was Archdeacon of Worcester from 1984 to 1999.

Bentley was educated at Yeovil School and King's College London. He was ordained deacon in 1958 and priest in 1959. After a curacy in Shepton Mallet he held incumbencies in Babcary, Wiveliscombe and St Johns, Worcester
 before his Archdeacon’s appointment. Bentley died from heart failure on 15 November 2024, at the age of 90.

Shepton Mallet
Shepton Mallet is a market town and civil parish in Somerset, England, some 16 miles (26 kilometres) southwest of Bath, 18 miles (29 kilometres) south of Bristol and 5 miles (8.0 kilometres) east of Wells. It had an estimated population of 10,810 in 2019. Mendip District Council was based there. The Mendip Hills lie to the north and the River Sheppey runs through the town, as does the route of the Fosse Way, the main Roman road between north-east and south-west England. There is evidence of Roman settlement. Its listed buildings include a medieval parish church. Shepton Mallet Prison was England's oldest, but closed in March 2013. The medieval wool trade gave way to trades such as brewing in the 18th century. It remains noted for cider production. It is the closest town to the Glastonbury Festival and nearby the Royal Bath and West of England Society showground.
Jean Baptiste Holzmayer
Jean Baptiste Holzmayer or Johann Baptist Holzmayer (24 July [O.S. 12] 1839 – 28 October [O.S. 16] 1890) was a Baltic German teacher, archaeologist and folklorist who worked on Saaremaa. He carried out excavations on locations of the ancient forts and stone graves, and gathered material about local religious customs and folklore. Holzmayer was also one of the founders of the local research society, and led the volunteer firefighter society.

Saaremaa
Saaremaa (/ˈsɑːrəmɑː/; Estonian: [ˈsɑˑreˌmɑː]) is the largest and most populous island in Estonia. Measuring 2,673 km2 (1,032 sq mi), its population is 31,435 (as of January 2020). The main island of the West Estonian archipelago (Moonsund archipelago), it is located in the Baltic Sea, south of Hiiumaa island and northwest of the Gulf of Riga. The administrative centre of the island, and of the Saare maakond (county), is the town of Kuressaare.

From the 13th century until the first half of the 20th century, the island of Saaremaa was known in most of the world by variants of its other historical name Ösel.
Minister for Industry and Trade
The Minister for Industry and Trade is a minister in the Government of New South Wales who has responsibilities for sponsoring and supporting enterprise, trade, and international investment in the state of New South Wales, Australia. The minister is responsible for administering the portfolio through the Premier's Department.

Ultimately the minister is responsible to the Parliament of New South Wales.

Parliament of New South Wales
The Parliament of New South Wales, formally the Legislature of New South Wales, is the bicameral legislative body of the Australian state of New South Wales (NSW). It consists of the Monarch, the New South Wales Legislative Assembly (lower house) and the New South Wales Legislative Council (upper house). Each house is directly elected by the people of New South Wales at elections held approximately every four years. The legislative authority of the parliament derives from section 5 of the Constitution Act 1902 (NSW). The power to make laws that apply to New South Wales is shared with the Federal (or Commonwealth) Parliament. The houses of the New South Wales Parliament follow the Westminster parliamentary traditions, green and red chamber colours and protocols for the Legislative Assembly and the Legislative Council, respectively. The houses of the legislature are located in Parliament House on Macquarie Street in Sydney.
MS American Leader
MS American Leader  was a merchant cargo ship which entered service for the United States Lines in 1941.  It was most noted for falling victim to the German auxiliary cruiser Michel during the Second World War. Her surviving crew members were taken as prisoners of war and collectively they endured three ship sinkings.

United States Lines
United States Lines was an organization of the United States Shipping Board's (USSB) Emergency Fleet Corporation (EFC), created to operate German liners seized by the United States in 1917. The ships were owned by the USSB and all finances of the line were controlled by the EFC. Among the notable ships of this period was Leviathan, a contender for largest ship in the world for a time.

Eventually the line was sold and went private to continue operating as a transatlantic shipping company that operated cargo services from 1921 to 1989, and ocean liners until 1969—most famously, United States.
Parastatistics
In quantum mechanics and statistical mechanics, parastatistics is a hypothetical alternative to the established particle statistics models (Bose–Einstein statistics, Fermi–Dirac statistics and Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics). Other alternatives include anyonic statistics and braid statistics, both of these involving lower spacetime dimensions. Herbert S. Green is credited with the creation of parastatistics in 1953. The particles predicted by parastatistics have not been experimentally observed.

Observable
In physics, an observable is a physical property or physical quantity that can be measured. In classical mechanics, an observable is a real-valued "function" on the set of all possible system states, e.g., position and momentum. In quantum mechanics, an observable is described by a linear operator. 
For example, these operators might represent submitting the system to various electromagnetic fields and eventually reading a value.

Physically meaningful observables must also satisfy transformation laws that relate observations performed by different observers in different frames of reference. These transformation laws are automorphisms of the state space, that is bijective transformations that preserve certain mathematical properties of the space in question.
Primary palate
The primary palate is an embryonic structure in the developing skull that, together with the more posterior secondary palate, separates the nasal from the oral cavity.  It is a derivative of the first pharyngeal arch.  Around the fifth week, the intermaxillary segment arises as a result of fusion of the two medial nasal processes and the frontonasal process within the embryo. The intermaxillary segment gives rise to the primary palate. The primary palate will form the premaxillary portion of the maxilla (anterior one-third of the final palate).  This small portion is anterior to the incisive foramen and will contain the maxillary incisors.

Nasal cavity
The nasal cavity is an air-filled space above and behind the nose in the middle of the face. The nasal septum divides the cavity into two cavities, also known as fossae. Each cavity is the continuation of one of the two nostrils. The nasal cavity is the uppermost part of the respiratory system and provides the nasal passage for inhaled air from the nostrils to the nasopharynx and rest of the respiratory tract.

The paranasal sinuses surround and drain into the nasal cavity.
Pietro Citati
Pietro Citati (20 February 1930 – 28 July 2022) was an Italian writer and literary critic.

He was born in Florence. He wrote critical biographies of Goethe, Alexander the Great, Kafka and Marcel Proust as well as a short memoir on his thirty-year friendship with Italo Calvino.

In Kafka, Pietro Citati had the great writer declare: "'I am like you, I am a man like you, I suffer and rejoice as you do, like a meticulous and buoyant angel, a being who lives far away in a world that did not belong even to him."

From 1973 to 1988, he contributed to the cultural section of Corriere della Sera and was the literary critic for la Repubblica between 1988 and 2011, before returning to write for Corriere della Sera.

He died at his villa in Roccamare, in the municipality of Castiglione della Pescaia, on 28 July 2022 at the age of 92. He was buried at the Cemetery of Misericordia in Grosseto.

Grosseto
Grosseto (Italian pronunciation: [ɡrosˈseːto] ⓘ) is a city and a comune in the central Italian region of Tuscany, capital of the province of Grosseto. It is the most populous city of Maremma region and southern Tuscany.

Located at the center of the Maremma region, the city was born on the right bank of the Ombrone river, near the Tyrrhenian Sea. The first center raised in the Middle Ages, following the end of the ancient city of Rusellae. Since the 19th century has had a great economic and demographic development, which makes it an important city for services, agriculture and as a seaside resort.

The comune of Grosseto, with 82,284 inhabitants, includes the frazioni of Marina di Grosseto, Roselle, Principina a Mare, Principina Terra, Montepescali, Braccagni, Istia d'Ombrone, Batignano, Alberese and Rispescia.
Hereke Tunnel
The Hereke Tunnel (Turkish: Hereke Tüneli), is a motorway tunnel constructed on the Istanbul–Ankara motorway  O-4  E80 in Kocaeli Province, northwestern Turkey. It was opened to traffic in 1984.

It is situated in Körfez district of Kocaeli Province. The 281–285-metre (922–935 ft) long twin-tube tunnel carries three lanes of traffic in each direction.

The tunnel was constructed in the 1980s. During the 1999 İzmit earthquake, the tunnel was light damaged. In 2012, the tunnel's both tubes were reinforced. In the time period of 2013–2014, the tunnel was modernized for traffic safety. Around 55,000 vehicles pass through the tunnel in both directions daily.

Körfez
Körfez, formerly known as Elaia, or Elaea, is a municipality and district of Kocaeli Province, Turkey. Its area is 301 km2, and its population is 178,048 (2022).

The mayor is Şener Söğüt (AKP) and the district governor is Uğur Kalkar, appointed in August 2022. The cement plant is a major source of greenhouse gas.
2007 Italian Formula Three Championship
The 2007 Italian Formula Three Championship was the 43rd Italian Formula Three Championship season. It began on 1 April at Adria and ended on 21 October at Monza after 16 races.

With victories at Adria, Misano, Vallelunga and Autodromo Nazionale Monza, Paolo Maria Nocera of Lucidi Motors finished the season as champion. He finished 21 points clear of Europa Corse driver Efisio Marchese, who won three races during the season. Third place went to Alan Racing driver Pablo Sánchez López, who also took three victories at Misano, Mugello, and Varano. Fourth place in the championship was claimed by Corbetta Competizioni's Mirko Bortolotti, who won the race at Mugello, while fifth went to his team-mate Fabrizio Crestani.

Autodromo Riccardo Paletti
Autodromo Riccardo Paletti is a race track for motorsports near Varano in the Province of Parma, Italy, about 30 km (19 mi) southwest of Parma. The track began as a small 550 m (0.34 mi) oval in 1969, and this was then expanded to a full 1.800 km (1.118 mi), 11 turn race track. This new layout was inaugurated officially on 26 March 1972. The track is named after Formula One driver Riccardo Paletti (1958–1982), who was killed at the 1982 Canadian Grand Prix.

In 2001 the layout was extended to a length of 2.375 km (1.476 mi). However, the layout length was decreased to 2.360 km (1.466 mi) in 2010, then 2.350 km (1.460 mi) in 2011.
Marcia Tate
Marcia Tate (born 23 June 1961) is a Jamaican sprinter. She competed in the women's 4 × 400 metres relay at the 1988 Summer Olympics.

Tate competed collegiately for the Nebraska Cornhuskers track and field team, where she finished 4th in the 600 yards at the 1982 AIAW Indoor Track and Field Championships.

Nebraska Cornhuskers track and field
The Nebraska Cornhuskers men's and women's track and field teams compete as part of NCAA Division I, representing the University of Nebraska–Lincoln in the Big Ten Conference. The men's program became Nebraska's first varsity sport in 1889 and a women's team was established in 1976. The programs host indoor meets at the Bob Devaney Sports Center and outdoor meets at an incomplete facility on Nebraska Innovation Campus.

NU's men's team has won thirty-eight indoor and thirty-one outdoor conference championships, producing thirty-six individual national champions; the women have won twenty-four indoor and eighteen outdoor conference championships with thirty-seven national champions. Nebraska's only three team national titles came in the early 1980s in women's indoor competition, led by Jamaican sprinter and nine-time Olympic medalist Merlene Ottey. Gary Pepin retired in 2022 after four decades as Nebraska's head coach and assistant Justin St. Clair was named his replacement.
Osthoff
Osthoff is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Hermann Osthoff (1847–1909), German linguist

Markus Osthoff (born 1968), German football player

Oscar Osthoff (1883–1950), American athlete and coach

Susanne Osthoff (born 1962), German archaeologist

Tom Osthoff (1936–2025), American politician

Susanne Osthoff
Susanne Kristina Osthoff (born 7 March 1962) is a German archaeologist who had worked in Iraq from 1991  until being taken hostage there on 25 November 2005. She was freed by her captors on 18 December 2005.
2024 Brickyard 400
The 2024 Brickyard 400 presented by PPG was a NASCAR Cup Series race held on July 21, 2024, at Indianapolis Motor Speedway in Speedway, Indiana.  Contested over 167 laps—extended from 160 laps due to an overtime finish, on the 2.5-mile (4.0 km) oval, it was the 22nd race of the 2024 NASCAR Cup Series season. It was the 31st annual running of NASCAR at Indianapolis, and first oval race here since 2020, making it the 28th running of the Brickyard 400 event. Kyle Larson won the race. Tyler Reddick finished 2nd, and Ryan Blaney finished 3rd. Christopher Bell and Bubba Wallace rounded out the top five, and Todd Gilliland, Austin Cindric, Daniel Suárez, Noah Gragson, and Chase Elliott rounded out the top ten.

Christopher Bell (racing driver)
Christopher David Bell (born December 16, 1994) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He competes full-time in the NASCAR Cup Series, driving the No. 20 Toyota Camry XSE for Joe Gibbs Racing and part-time in the NASCAR O'Reilly Auto Parts Series, driving the No. 19 Toyota GR Supra for JGR. He is the 2017 NASCAR Camping World Truck Series Champion.
Abadía (surname)
Abadía is a Spanish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Adrián Abadía (born 2002), Spanish diver

Agustín Abadía (born 1962), Spanish footballer

Domingo Ascaso Abadía (1895–1937), Aragonese anarchist and trade union leader

Francisco Javier Abadía (1770–1836), Spanish lieutenant general and minister of war

Guillermo Abadía Morales (1912–2010), Colombian linguist, academic, folklorist and anthropologist

Juan Carlos Ramírez Abadía (born 1963), Colombian drug trafficker

Juan de la Abadía (fl. 1470–1498, probable death 1498), Spanish painter

Miguel Abadía Méndez (1867–1947), President of Colombia

Nelson Abadía (born 1956), Colombian football manager

Agustín Abadía
Agustín Abadía Plana (Spanish pronunciation: [aɣusˈtin aβaˈði.a ˈplana]; born 15 April 1962) is a Spanish former professional football left midfielder and manager.

Blessed with few technical skills but a tremendous hard-worker, his professional career – which included 244 La Liga matches and 14 goals over nine seasons – was closely associated with CD Logroñés, as he served the club in several capacities and in two of its denominations.

In 1999, Abadía started working as a manager.