hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Environmental impact of the Vietnam War
The Vietnam War had a major and long-lasting impact on the environment of the countries affected. The environment of Vietnam was severely degraded by the use of defoliants, bombing and other military activities. North Vietnam utilized the geography and ecology of the region to conceal their activities and move resources, such as via the complex network of tunnels and paths in the Ho Chi Minh trail. In response, the United States developed and deployed technologies and campaigns to clear forests and destabilize soil, greatly impacting the environment. Over time, the long-term agricultural productivity in parts of Vietnam was reduced by many herbicidal agents and bombing campaigns. The war has also been linked to extensive deforestation and influenced the hydrology of the Mekong region.

Mekong
The Mekong or Mekong River (UK: /miːˈkɒŋ/ mee-KONG, US: /ˌmeɪˈkɔːŋ/ may-KAWNG) is a transboundary river in East Asia and Southeast Asia. It is the world's twelfth-longest river and the third-longest in Asia with an estimated length of 4,909 km (3,050 mi) and a drainage area of 795,000 km2 (307,000 sq mi), discharging 475 km3 (114 cu mi) of water annually. From its headwaters in the Tibetan Plateau, the river runs through Southwest China (where it is officially called the Lancang River), Myanmar, Laos, Thailand, Cambodia, and southern Vietnam. The extreme seasonal variations in flow and the presence of rapids and waterfalls in the Mekong make navigation difficult, though the river remains a major trade route between Tibet and Southeast Asia. The construction of hydroelectric dams along the Mekong in the 2000s through the 2020s has caused serious problems for the river's ecosystem, including the exacerbation of drought.
Curl Thompson
Curl Osmond Thompson was a Belizean politician. Thompson served as an Area Representative in the Belize House of Representatives and as the deputy prime minister. He was also interim leader of the United Democratic Party for a brief period in the early 1980s.

House of Representatives (Belize)
The House of Representatives of Belize is the lower chamber of the National Assembly, the other being the Senate. It was created under the 1981 constitution. Members are commonly called "Area Representatives".

Area Representatives are elected by winning a majority of votes in their respective constituencies under the first-past-the-post system. The body is directly descended from the British Honduras Legislative Assembly created in 1954 with nine elected members. It has been expanded several times since: to 18 in 1961, 28 in 1984, 29 in 1993 and finally to 31 in 2008. The leader of the majority party in the Belize House typically becomes Prime Minister of Belize.
Bill & Ted's Excellent Comic Book
Bill & Ted's Excellent Comic Book was a twelve-issue comic book series published in 1991–1992 and based on the Bill & Ted franchise. The series was nominated for a 1992 Eisner Award in the category of Best Humor Comic.

Eisner Awards
The Will Eisner Comic Industry Awards, commonly shortened to the Eisner Awards, are awards for creative achievement in American comic books. They are regarded as the most prestigious and significant awards in the comic industry and often referred to as the industry's equivalent of the Academy Awards.

The first Eisners were conferred in 1988, for works published in 1987. The Eisner Awards ceremony has been held at San Diego Comic-Con every year since 1991. The awards are named in honor of pioneering cartoonist and writer Will Eisner, who was a regular participant in the ceremony until his death in 2005.

The nominations in each category are generated by a five- to six-member jury, then voted on by comic book professionals. The jury often consists of at least one comics retailer, one librarian (since 2005), and one academic researcher, among other comic experts. As of 2021, awards are presented in 32 categories.
Nissan Shield
The Nissan Shield was a one day cricket tournament in South Africa. This was a knockout competition based on the English Gillette Cup.

The first one was played in the 1969-70 season and was won by an Eddie Barlow XI representing Western Province. The tournament was known as :

Gillette Cup      1969/70 - 1976/77

Datsun Shield     1977/78 - 1982/83

Nissan Shield     1983/84 - 1991/92

Total Power Series          1992-93

Friends Provident Trophy
The Friends Provident Trophy was a one-day cricket competition in the British Isles.

It was one of the four tournaments in which the eighteen first-class counties competed each season. They were joined by teams from Scotland and Ireland. Lancashire won the title a record seven times.

The competition was previously known as the Gillette Cup (1963–1980), the NatWest Trophy (1981–2000), and the C&G Trophy (2000–2006). For a short period following the 2006 season, the competition was known as the ECB One-Day Trophy because no sponsors were forthcoming when Cheltenham and Gloucester decided to end their association with the competition after the 2006 season. The tournament, along with the Pro40 forty-overs competition, was replaced by the ECB 40 competition from the 2010 season.
Autonomies
Autonomies  (Hebrew: אוטונומיות) is an Israeli dystopian drama miniseries created by Ori Elon and Yehonatan Indursky. The story is set in an alternate reality of present day Israel, a nation torn and divided by a wall into the secular “State of Israel”, with Tel Aviv as its capital, and the “Haredi Autonomy” in Jerusalem, run by a Haredi religious group. The series stars Assi Cohen, Rotem Sela and Shuli Rand. Keshet received its Israeli premiere on Hot 3 on 6 September 2018. The series received its world premiere on 1 May 2018 at the Festival Séries Mania in France. The series was also the centrepiece of the New York Jewish Film Festival in January 2019.

Series Mania
Series Mania (French: Festival Séries Mania) is an international festival dedicated to television series, held annually in Lille, France. It is the largest TV series event in Europe and an important premiere platform. Series Mania comprises an institute of the same name, a forum for industry professionals, and a one-day summit Little Dialogues.
John Fordyce (missionary)
John Fordyce (1819–1902) was a Christian missionary, evangelical minister and administrator who launched the female education initiative in India known as the Zenana Missions. He has been credited with introducing the rickshaw to India.

Coolie (novel)
Coolie is a novel by Mulk Raj Anand first published in 1936. The second book written by Mulk Raj Anand, Coolie reinforced his position as one of India's leading English authors. The book is highly critical of British rule in India and India's caste system. The plot revolves around a 14-year-old boy, Munoo, and his plight due to poverty and exploitation aided by the social and political structures in place. Anand here tries to break the traditional way of life.

In 2004, a commemorative edition including this book was launched by Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh.
The SFWA Grand Masters, Volume 2
The SFWA Grand Masters, Volume 2 is an anthology of science fiction short works edited by Frederik Pohl. It was first published in hardcover by Tor Books in April 2000, and in trade paperback by the same publisher in April 2001. It has been translated into Italian.

The book collects twenty-three novellas, novelettes, short stories and essays by Andre Norton, Arthur C. Clarke, Isaac Asimov, Alfred Bester and Ray Bradbury, the sixth through tenth SFWA Grand Masters named by the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America between 1984 and 1989, together with a general introduction and introductions and recommended reading lists for each Grand Master by the editor.

Andre Norton
Andre Alice Norton (born Alice Mary Norton, February 17, 1912 – March 17, 2005) was an American writer of science fiction and fantasy, who also wrote works of historical and contemporary fiction. She wrote primarily under the pen name Andre Norton, but also under Andrew North and Allen Weston. She was the first woman to be Gandalf Grand Master of Fantasy, to be SFWA Grand Master, and to be inducted by the Science Fiction and Fantasy Hall of Fame.
Jesús Gerardo Cortez Mendoza
Jesús Gerardo Cortez Mendoza (born 28 January 1963) is a Mexican politician from the National Action Party (PAN). 
In the 2009 mid-terms he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies to represent Baja California's 4th district during the 61st session of Congress.

LXI Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The LXI Legislature of the Congress of the Union, the 61st session of the Congress of Mexico, met from 1 September 2009 to 31 August 2012. Members of the upper house of the Congress were selected in the elections of July 2006 while members of the lower house of the Congress were selected in the elections of July 2009.
Siwianka, Masovian Voivodeship
Siwianka [ɕiˈvjaŋka] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kołbiel, within Otwock County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It is approximately 6 km (4 mi) north-west of Kołbiel, 12 km (7 mi) east of Otwock, and 33 km (21 mi) south-east of Warsaw.

Otwock
Otwock ([ˈɔtfɔt͡sk] ⓘ; Yiddish: אָטוואָצק) is a city in the Masovian Voivodeship in east-central Poland, some 23 kilometres (14 mi) south-east of Warsaw, with 43,895 inhabitants (2024). Otwock is part of the Warsaw metropolitan area. It is situated on the right bank of the Vistula River, below the mouth of the Świder River. Otwock is home to a unique architectural style called Świdermajer.

It is the capital of Otwock County. The town covers an area of 47 square kilometres (18 sq mi). Forested areas make up 23% of the territory, and there are several nature reserves.
Arrondissements of the Aude department
The 3 arrondissements of the Aude department are:

Arrondissement of Carcassonne, (prefecture of the Aude department: Carcassonne) with 186 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 163,034 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Limoux, (subprefecture: Limoux) with 138 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 42,296 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Narbonne, (subprefecture: Narbonne) with 109 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 170,698 in 2021.

Subprefectures in France
In France, a subprefecture (French: sous-préfecture) is the commune that hosts the administrative centre of an arrondissement (a primary division of a department). The commune that hosts the administrative center for the whole department is known as the prefecture. The term "subprefecture" also applies to the building that houses the administrative headquarters for an arrondissement.

The civil servant in charge of a subprefecture is the subprefect, assisted by a general secretary. Between May 1982 and February 1988, subprefects were known instead by the title Deputy Commissioner of the Republic (commissaire adjoint de la République). Where the administration of an arrondissement is carried out from a prefecture, the general secretary to the prefect carries out duties equivalent to those of the subprefect.

(The municipal arrondissements of Paris, Lyon and Marseille are divisions of the commune rather than the department. They are not arrondissements in the same sense.)
Binary black hole
A binary black hole (BBH), or black hole binary, is an astronomical object consisting of two black holes in close orbit around each other. Like black holes themselves, binary black hole systems are classified as either stellar-mass—involving remnants of high-mass binary star systems or formed by dynamic processes and mutual capture—or supermassive, black hole systems believed to arise from galactic mergers.

The existence of stellar-mass binary black holes was directly confirmed by gravitational wave observation in September 2015. Supermassive binary black hole candidates have been proposed based on indirect evidence, but await observational confirmation.

Stellar dynamics
Stellar dynamics is the branch of astrophysics which describes in a statistical way the collective motions of stars subject to their mutual gravity. The essential difference from celestial mechanics is that the number of body

Typical galaxies have upwards of millions of macroscopic gravitating bodies and countless number of neutrinos and perhaps other dark microscopic bodies. Also each star contributes more or less equally to the total gravitational field, whereas in celestial mechanics the pull of a massive body dominates any satellite orbits.
Raila Kerkelä
Raila Kerkelä (née Hovi; born 13 June 1941 in Vehkalahti) is a Finnish orienteering competitor. She received two medals at the 1966 World Orienteering Championships in Fiskars, a bronze medal in the individual contest (won by Ulla Lindkvist, 35 participants), and a silver medal in the relay with the Finnish team. She received a bronze medal in the relay event at the 1968 World Orienteering Championships in Linköping, together with Pirjo Seppä and Tuula Hovi.

Linköping
Linköping (/ˈlɪnʃəpɪŋ/ ⓘ LIN-shə-ping, Swedish: [ˈlɪ̂nːˌɕøːpɪŋ] ⓘ) is a city in southern Sweden, with around 167,000 inhabitants as of 2024. It is the seat of Linköping Municipality and the capital of Östergötland County. Linköping is also the episcopal see of the Diocese of Linköping (Church of Sweden) and is well known for its cathedral. Linköping is the center of an old cultural region and celebrated its 700th anniversary in 1987. Dominating the city's skyline from afar is the steeple of the cathedral (Domkyrkan).

Nowadays, Linköping is known for its university and its high-technology industry. Linköping wants to create a sustainable development of the city and therefore plans to become a carbon-neutral community by 2025. Located on the Östergötland Plain, Linköping is closely linked to Norrköping, roughly 40 kilometres (25 mi) to the east, near the sea.
Gaulstown Portal Tomb
52°12′20″N 7°12′40″W﻿ / ﻿52.2056°N 7.2112°W﻿ / 52.2056; -7.2112

The Gaulstown Portal Tomb or Gaulstown Dolmen is a megalithic portal tomb situated in Gaulstown, Butlerstown in County Waterford, Ireland. It lies about 7 km south west of Waterford City.

Dolmen
A dolmen (/ˈdɒlmɛn/), or portal tomb, is a type of single-chamber megalithic tomb, usually consisting of two or more upright megaliths supporting a large flat horizontal capstone or "table". Most date from the Late Neolithic period (4000–3000 BCE) and were sometimes covered with earth or smaller stones to form a tumulus (burial mound). Small pad-stones may be wedged between the cap and supporting stones to achieve a level appearance. In many instances, the covering has eroded away, leaving only the stone "skeleton".

In Sumba (Indonesia), dolmens are still commonly built (about 100 dolmens each year) for collective graves according to lineage. The traditional village of Wainyapu has some 1,400 dolmens.
HMS Wellington
At least three ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Wellington:

The French brig Oreste was renamed HMS Wellington after her capture in 1810 but never commissioned and was broken up in 1812.

HMS Wellington (1816) was a 74-gun third-rate ship of the line. Initially named Hero during construction, the vessel was renamed first to Wellington and then HMS Akbar in 1861, when the vessel was converted to a training ship. The ship was broken up in 1908.

HMS Wellington (U65) is a Grimsby-class sloop, launched in 1934. After World War II she was converted to the "Head Quarters Ship" HQS Wellington at Chatham Dockyard and moored at Victoria Embankment, London. Until 2023 she was the floating livery hall of the Honourable Company of Master Mariners.

Grimsby-class sloop
The Grimsby class were a class of 13 sloops laid down between 1933 and 1940. Of these, eight were built in the United Kingdom for the Royal Navy, four in Australia for the Royal Australian Navy and one for the Royal Indian Navy. Main armament was initially two 4.7-inch (120 mm) guns for RN ships and three 4-inch (100 mm) for Australian ships, but armament varied considerably between ships, and was increased later.

Losses during World War II were Grimsby, Indus, Yarra, and Parramatta. Some survivors of this class served into the 1960s. One ship, Wellington, is preserved as the headquarters of the Honourable Company of Master Mariners.
Fan Jian (officer)
Fan Jian (Chinese: 范坚; born December 1960) is a Chinese government accountant. He was demoted in 2016 for violating party discipline. He was born in Huaining County, Anhui. He has a Master of Business Administration (MBA). For unknown reasons, Fan was recorded as having begun work at age 29, in 1989, unusually old. He served as a collections agent for the Anhui provincial tax agency. He then joined the national tax bureau and worked on regulations for tax collections, where he ascended to the height of his career. He was named the Chief Accountant of the National Tax Bureau in October 2012, then Chief Economist in October 2014 (and a member of the party leading group). He was abruptly demoted to a fuchuji "non-leading" position in 2016 because he was said to have violated party discipline, although the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection did not elaborate on what the offenses were.

Huaining County
Huaining County (simplified Chinese: 怀宁县; traditional Chinese: 懷寧縣; pinyin: Huáiníng Xiàn) is a county in the southwest Anhui Province, China, under the jurisdiction of the prefecture-level city of Anqing. It has a population of 790,000 and an area of 1,543 km2 (596 sq mi). The government of Huaining County was originally based in Shipai (Shihpai) (石牌镇) Town and moved to its current location in Gaohe Town (高河镇) on 18 January 2002.
Afrocyclops
Afrocyclops is a genus of copepod crustaceans in the family Cyclopidae, containing the following species:

Afrocyclops alter Kiefer, 1935

Afrocyclops curticornis (Kiefer, 1932)

Afrocyclops doryphorus Kiefer, 1935

Afrocyclops gibsoni (Brady, 1904)

Afrocyclops herringi Alekseev & Sanoamuang, 2006

Afrocyclops ikennus Onabamiro, 1957

Afrocyclops lanceolatus Kiefer, 1935

Afrocyclops nubicus (Chappuis, 1922)

Afrocyclops pauliani Lindberg, 1951

Afrocyclops propinquus (Kiefer, 1932)

Afrocyclops sparus Dussart, 1974

Copepod
Copepods (/ˈkoʊpəpɒd/; meaning 'oar-feet') are a group of small crustaceans found in nearly every freshwater and saltwater habitat. Some species are planktonic (living in the water column), some are benthic (living on the sediments), several species have parasitic phases, and some continental species may live in limnoterrestrial habitats and other wet terrestrial places, such as swamps, under leaf fall in wet forests, bogs, springs, ephemeral ponds, puddles, damp moss, or water-filled recesses of plants (phytotelmata) such as bromeliads and pitcher plants. Many live underground in marine and freshwater caves, sinkholes, or stream beds. Copepods are sometimes used as biodiversity indicators.
Hidden Chronicles
Hidden Chronicles is a defunct hidden object social game developed by Zynga and released in January 2012. It's available for play on the Facebook platform. It is Zynga's first hidden object game. Players earn points by finding hidden objects within scenes. Additional scenes are unlocked with reputation points earned by interacting with friends. The game is a freemium game, meaning there is no cost to play but players have the option of purchasing premium content.

Within the game is a narrative. Players are told their late uncle, Geoffrey, has summoned them to his estate, Ramsey Manor. Players then move through the estate and mansion, unlocking new areas. Players can see hidden areas of the game in order to unlock them and progress through higher levels. The game also includes memory games.

The game was closed on 23 July 2014.

Freemium
Freemium, a portmanteau of the words "free" and "premium", is a pricing strategy by which a basic product or service is provided free of charge, but money (a premium) is charged for additional features, services and virtual (online) or physical (offline) goods that expand the functionality of the free version of the software. This business model has been used in the software industry since the 1980s. A subset of this model used by the video game industry is called free-to-play.

The ethics of freemium, especially the free-to-play subset, were criticized by Touch Arcade and Business Insider in 2014 and 2015.
Ileal sodium/bile acid cotransporter
Ileal sodium/bile acid cotransporter, also known as apical sodium–bile acid transporter (ASBT) and ileal bile acid transporter (IBAT), is a bile acid:sodium symporter protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC10A2 gene.

ASBT/IBAT is  most highly expressed in the ileum, where it is found on the brush border membrane of enterocytes.  It is responsible for the initial uptake of bile acids, particularly conjugated bile acids, from the intestine as part of their enterohepatic circulation.

Bile acid
Bile acids are steroid acids found predominantly in the bile of mammals and other vertebrates. Diverse bile acids are synthesized in the liver in peroxisomes. Bile acids are conjugated with taurine or glycine residues to give anions called bile salts.

Primary bile acids are those synthesized by the liver. Secondary bile acids result from bacterial actions in the colon. In humans, taurocholic acid and glycocholic acid (derivatives of cholic acid) and taurochenodeoxycholic acid and glycochenodeoxycholic acid (derivatives of chenodeoxycholic acid) are the major bile salts. The salts of their 7-alpha-dehydroxylated derivatives, deoxycholic acid and lithocholic acid, are also found, with derivatives of cholic, chenodeoxycholic and deoxycholic acids accounting for over 90% of human biliary bile acids.
Como Tú No Hay Dos (song)
"Como Tú No Hay Dos" (There's No One Like You) is a song by Mexican singer-songwriter Thalía featuring American singer and rapper Becky G, from the former's twelfth studio album Amore Mío (2014). 
The song, written by A. Matheus, Andy Clay,  Rassel Marcano and Gomez, and produced by Armando Avila, was released by Sony Music Latin as the second single from the album in the United States on January 20, 2015.

Sony Music Latin
Sony Music Entertainment US Latin LLC (often referred to as Sony Music Latin) is an American record label owned by Sony Music. The label focuses on artists of Latin music. Sony Latin was also a division of the Sony Discos label.
Kotreshi Kanasu
Kotreshi Kanasu (Kannada: ಕೊಟ್ರೇಶಿ ಕನಸು, Dream of Kotreshi) is a 1994 Indian Kannada language film directed by Nagathihalli Chandrashekar starring Vijay Raghavendra and Karibasavaiah.

The film won two National Film Awards at 42nd National Film Awards; Best Feature Film in Kannada and Best Child Artist (Vijay Raghavendra).

National Film Awards
The National Film Awards are awards for artistic and technical merit given for excellence within the Indian film industry. Established in 1954, it has been administered, along with the International Film Festival of India and the Indian Panorama, by the Indian government's Directorate of Film Festivals from 1973 until 2020, and by the NFDC since 2021.

Every year, a national panel appointed by the government selects the winning entry, and the award ceremony is held in New Delhi, where the President of India presents the awards. This is followed by the inauguration of the National Film Festival, where award-winning films are screened for the public. Declared for films produced in the previous year across the country, they hold the distinction of awarding merit to the best of Indian cinema overall, as well as presenting awards for the best films in each region and language of the country.