hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jewel-class cruise ship
The Jewel class is a class of cruise ships operated by the Norwegian Cruise Line (NCL) and was built by Meyer Werft of Germany. The Jewel class became NCL's largest ships, until the construction of Norwegian Epic, at 153,000 GT, in 2009 at STX Europe in St. Nazaire, which is also owned by NCL. The lead ship, Norwegian Jewel was delivered in August 2005 and the last vessel, Norwegian Gem was delivered in October 2007; however, the second ship of the class Norwegian Jade (originally built as Pride of Hawaii) was originally intended for NCL America. After sailing for the line in two years (2006–2008), Pride of Hawaii proved to be unsuccessful as the intra-Hawaiian market could not profitably accommodate more than one cruise ship. In 2008, NCL decided to transfer Pride of Hawaii to their fleet, leaving Pride of America as the sole vessel sailing the intra-Hawaii market. After receiving her current NCL livery, Pride of Hawaii was rechristened as Norwegian Jade and sailed for NCL in 2008.

Gross tonnage
Gross tonnage (GT, G.T. or gt) is a nonlinear measure of a ship's overall internal volume.  Gross tonnage is different from gross register tonnage.  Neither gross tonnage nor gross register tonnage should be confused with measures of mass or weight such as deadweight tonnage or displacement.

Gross tonnage, along with net tonnage, was defined by the International Convention on Tonnage Measurement of Ships, 1969, adopted by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) in 1969, and came into force on 18 July 1982.  These two measurements replaced gross register tonnage (GRT) and net register tonnage (NRT).  Gross tonnage is calculated based on "the moulded volume of all enclosed spaces of the ship" and is used to determine things such as a ship's manning regulations, safety rules, registration fees, and port dues, whereas the older gross register tonnage is a measure of the volume of only certain enclosed spaces.
Planotortrix octo
Planotortrix octo is a moth of the family Tortricidae. It is endemic to New Zealand, where it is found in both the North and South islands.

The larvae feed on Ribes, Chaenomeles, Cotoneaster, Crataegus, Cydonia, Eriobotrya, Fragaria, Kerria, Malus, Photinia, Prunus, Pyracantha, Rosa, Rhaphiolepis, Rubus, Boronia, Choysia, Citrus and Phebalium species. It is considered to be a pest species.

Chaenomeles
Chaenomeles is a genus of four species of deciduous spiny shrubs, usually 1–3 m tall, in the family Rosaceae. They are native to Eastern Asia. These plants are related to the quince (Cydonia oblonga) and the Chinese quince (Pseudocydonia sinensis), differing in the serrated leaves that lack fuzz, and in the flowers, borne in clusters, having deciduous sepals and styles that are connate at the base.

The leaves are alternately arranged, simple, and have a serrated margin. The flowers are 3–4.5 cm diameter, with five petals, and are usually bright orange-red, but can be white or pink; flowering is in late winter or early spring. The fruit is a pome with five carpels; it ripens in late autumn.

Chaenomeles is used as a food plant by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including the brown-tail and the leaf-miner Bucculatrix pomifoliella.
Hariotina
Hariotina is a genus of green algae in the family Scenedesmaceae. They are classified in the subfamily Coelastroideae.

The genus name of Hariotina is in honour of Paul Auguste Joseph Valentin Hariot (1854-1917), who was a French naturalist, botanist (Bryology,
and Algology) and apothecary. In 1882, he worked in the Cryptogam department of the National Museum of Natural History, France in Paris.

The genus was circumscribed by Pierre Augustin Dangeard in Botaniste vol.1 on page 162 in 1889.

Species of Hariotina are typically found in stagnant water in tropical or subtropical regions. Some species have also been found in temperate regions and large rivers.

Cryptogam
A cryptogam (scientific name Cryptogamae) is a plant, in the broad sense of the word, or a plant-like organism that shares similar characteristics, such as being multicellular, photosynthetic, and primarily immobile, that reproduces via spores rather than through flowers or seeds.

This broader definition can include algae, fungi, and certain bacteria (like cyanobacteria), even though they may belong to different biological kingdoms.
Linux range of use
As of 2015, over four hundred Linux distributions are actively developed, with about a dozen distributions being most popular for general-purpose use.

Besides the Linux distributions designed for general-purpose use on desktops and servers, distributions may be specialized for different purposes including computer architecture support, embedded systems, stability, security, localization to a specific region or language, targeting of specific user groups, support for real-time applications, or commitment to a given desktop environment. Furthermore, some distributions deliberately include only free software.

Proton (software)
Proton is a compatibility layer that allows Windows software (primarily video games) to run on Linux-based operating systems. Proton is developed by Valve in cooperation with developers from CodeWeavers. It is a collection of software and libraries combined with a patched version of Wine to improve performance and compatibility with Windows games. Proton is designed for integration into the Steam client as "Steam Play". It is officially distributed through the client, although third-party forks can be manually installed.
1968 Trans-American Championship
The 1968 Trans-American Championship was the third running of the Sports Car Club of America's Trans-Am Series. 1968 marked the addition of the 12 Hours of Sebring and the 24 Hours of Daytona, the only year that the Trans-Am Series featured those races. The season also marked the first time that an event was held outside of the United States, when a race at Mont-Tremblant brought Trans-Am into Quebec, Canada.

The championship was open to SCCA Sedans, which were required to conform with FIA Group 1 Series Production Touring Car or Group 2 Touring Car regulations. A Manufacturers Champion was determined in both Over 2-liter and Under 2-liter classes. The titles were awarded to Chevrolet (thanks to Mark Donohue's unprecedented 8 race winning streak, and Chevrolet winning 10 out of 13 races) and Porsche (thanks to Tony Adamowicz' 5 race class winning streak and Porsche's eight class wins in a row) respectively.

Group 1 (motorsport)
In international motorsport, Group 1 referred to FIA regulations for cars in touring car racing and rallying. Throughout its existence the group retained a definition of being standard, series production touring cars, and of having a character of being unmodified or not specifically prepared for racing. The class was introduced in the then new Appendix J of the International Sporting Code in 1954 and was replaced by Group N in 1982.
Christopher Peterson (costume designer)
Christopher Peterson is an American costume designer. He was nominated for an Academy Award in the category Best Costume Design for Martin Scorsese's epic crime film The Irishman (2019) at the 92nd Academy Awards, for which he shared the nomination with Sandy Powell.

Academy Award for Best Costume Design
The Academy Award for Best Costume Design is one of the Academy Awards presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) for achievement in film costume design.

The award was first given in 1949, for films made in 1948. Initially, separate award categories were established for black-and-white films and color films. Since the merger of the two categories in 1967, the Academy has traditionally avoided giving out the award to films with a contemporary setting.
Friedrich Knebel
Friedrich Knebel (died 15 December 1574) was an alderman of the Free City of Lübeck and a naval admiral who participated in the Northern Seven Years War as an ally of Denmark-Norway against Sweden. He commanded the Lübeck fleet at the first battle of Öland in 1564 and the naval battle of 14 August 1564 in the Baltic Sea.

Action of 14 August 1564
The second Battle outside northern Öland was a sea battle fought during the Northern Seven Years' War between Sweden against Denmark and the Free City of Lübeck, on 14 August 1564. Sweden who suffered one ship (Elefanten) won the battle over the allies whom suffered three captured ships (Böse Lejonet, Morian, David).
Shams-i Fakhri
Shams-i Fakhri (fl. first half of the 14th-century) was an Iranian lexicographer and philologist, who is best known as the author of the Mi'yar-i Jamali va-miftah-i Bu Ishaki ("The bird-trap offered to Jamal and the key entrusted to Abu Ishak"), dedicated in 1344 to the last Injuid ruler of Fars, Abu Ishaq Inju (r. 1343–1357).

During his youth, Shams-i Fakhri served in the court of the Hazaraspids of Luristan, where he dedicated the poem Mi‘yar-i nusrati to its ruler Nusrat al-Din Ahmad (r. 1296–1330) in 1313. He subsequently joined the court of Ghiyas al-Din ibn Rashid al-Din, the Persian vizier of the Mongol Ilkhanate. He later joined the court of the Injuids.

Injuids
The Injuids (also Injus or House of Inju) were an Iranian dynasty of Persian origin that came to rule over the cities of Shiraz and Isfahan during the 14th century. Its members became de facto independent rulers following the breakup of the Ilkhanate until their defeat in 1357 against the Muzaffarids.
MotoStudent
MotoStudent is a biennial competition between students from universities around the whole world that consist in that these students design, manufacture and develop a prototype of competition motorcycle over a year and a half.

Finally, these prototypes compete in an event at MotorLand Aragón, a circuit situated in Alcañiz, in Aragón, Spain.

Since the beginning of the competition, universities from 20 countries have participated in some edition.

KTM
KTM AG (German pronunciation: [kˌɑːtˌeːˈɛm]) is an Austrian motorcycle, bicycle and motorsports brand. It traces its foundation to 1934 as Kronreif & Trunkenpolz Mattighofen. Today, Bajaj Mobility AG (formerly Pierer Mobility AG) operates as the manufacturer of KTM-branded motorcycles, and KTM Fahrrad GmbH operates as the manufacturer of KTM-branded bicycles.

KTM is known for its off-road motorcycles and as a reputed MotoGP constructor.

In November 2025, it was announced that Bajaj Auto had completed the acquisition of a controlling stake in KTM for €800 million, increasing its indirect holding to approximately 75%.
Anamaria Ioniță
Anamaria Ioniță (born 7 July 1988 in Brăila) is a Romanian athlete who specialises in the 400 metres and 400 metres hurdles.

Ioniță represented Romania at the 2010 European Championships in Athletics where she helped her team to the 4 × 400 metres relay final where they finished 8th.

4 × 400 metres relay
The 4 × 400 metres relay or long relay is an athletics track event in which teams consist of four runners who each complete 400 metres or one lap, totaling 1600 meters. It is traditionally the final event of a track meet. The first leg and the first bend of the second leg are run in lanes. Start lines are thus staggered over a greater distance than in an individual 400 metres race; the runners then typically move to the inside of the track. The slightly longer 4 × 440 yards relay, on an Imperial distance, was a formerly run British Commonwealth and American event, until metrication was completed in the 1970s.
I Survived a Japanese Game Show season 1
I Survived a Japanese Game Show is an American reality show that followed a group of Americans who leave the United States for Japan, where they compete in a Japanese style game show. Season one premiered on ABC on June 24, 2008. The show was hosted by Tony Sano. On August 6, 2008, financial representative, Justin Wood, was pronounced the winner. He won a cash prize of US$250,000 (JP¥25 million).

Japanese variety show
A Japanese variety  show is an entertainment television program made up of a variety of original stunts, musical performances, comedy skits, quiz contests, and other acts. Japanese variety shows are characterized by an eccentric, fast-paced style and are typically scheduled during prime television-time for entertainment. They usually feature a variety of tarento hosts, presenters and guests that include celebrities, comedians, J-pop Idols.
Bishop of Dudley
Christianity portal

The Bishop of Dudley is an episcopal title used by a suffragan bishop of the Church of England Diocese of Worcester, in the Province of Canterbury, England. The title takes its name after the town of Dudley in the West Midlands; the See was erected under the Suffragans Nomination Act 1888 by Order in Council dated 24 October 1973. From 1 October 1993 until 2002, the bishop was an area bishop for the diocese's Black Country parishes.

Black Country
The Black Country is a loosely defined area of England's West Midlands. It is mainly urban, covering most of the Dudley and Sandwell metropolitan boroughs, with the Metropolitan Borough of Walsall and the City of Wolverhampton. The 14-mile (23 km) road between Wolverhampton and Birmingham was described as "one continuous town" in 1785.

The area was one of the Industrial Revolution's birthplaces. Its name was first recorded in the 1840s, and derives either from the 30 foot (9.1 m) thick coal seam close to the surface or the production of coal, coke, iron, glass, bricks and steel which produced high levels of soot and air pollution.
Bifluoride
The bifluoride ion is an inorganic anion with the chemical formula [HF2]−. The anion is colorless. Salts of bifluoride are commonly encountered in the reactions of fluoride salts with hydrofluoric acid. The commercial production of fluorine involves electrolysis of bifluoride salts.

Inorganic chemistry
Inorganic chemistry deals with synthesis and behavior of inorganic and organometallic compounds. This field covers chemical compounds that are not carbon-based, which are the subjects of organic chemistry. The distinction between the two disciplines is far from absolute, as there is much overlap in the subdiscipline of organometallic chemistry. It has applications in every aspect of the chemical industry, including catalysis, materials science, pigments, surfactants, coatings, medications, fuels, and agriculture.
Ramka District
Ramka District is a district of Relizane Province, Algeria.

The district is further divided into 2 municipalities:

Ramka

Souk El Had

35°51′20″N 1°19′56″E﻿ / ﻿35.85556°N 1.33222°E﻿ / 35.85556; 1.33222

Communes of Algeria
The communes of Algeria (Arabic: بلدية (singular)), also known as municipalities, form the third level of administrative subdivisions of Algeria. As of 2002, there were 1,541 municipalities in the country. The municipalities are also known as communes (baladiyahs).
Hernando's Hideaway
"Hernando's Hideaway" is a tango show tune, largely in long metre, from the musical The Pajama Game, written by Jerry Ross and Richard Adler and published in 1954. It was sung in the stage and film versions of the musical by Carol Haney. The song is about a fictional invitation-only nightclub of the same name where lovers can meet for secret rendezvous. In the few years after the song's release, a number of artists had hit recordings of it, including Archie Bleyer, Johnnie Ray, The Johnston Brothers, and Ella Fitzgerald.

The Pajama Game
The Pajama Game is a musical based on the 1953 novel 7½ Cents by Richard Bissell.
The book is by George Abbott and Richard Bissell; the music and lyrics are by Richard Adler and Jerry Ross. Dances were staged by Bob Fosse in his choreography debut. The story deals with labor troubles and romance in a pajama factory.

The original Broadway production opened on May 13, 1954, at the St. James Theatre, and ran for 1,063 performances, with a brief stop at the Shubert Theatre at the end of the run. It was revived in 1973, and again in 2006 by The Roundabout Theatre Company. The original production, produced by Frederick Brisson, Robert E. Griffith and Harold S. Prince, won a Tony Award for Best Musical. The 2006 Broadway revival won a Tony Award for Best Revival of a Musical.  The musical is a popular choice for community and school group productions.

The original West End production opened at the London Coliseum on October 13, 1955, where it ran for 588 performances.
Ice hockey at the 2019 SEA Games
The ice hockey competition at the 2019 Southeast Asian Games in the Philippines was held at the SM Mall of Asia Skating Rink in Pasay, Metro Manila from 1 to 8 December 2019.

Like in the previous edition, only a men's competition was held. Malaysia has requested the Philippines to introduce a women's ice hockey event to the games. The hosts complied with Malaysia's request but a total of three nations only expressed their interest to participate in a women's tournament a team short in order for women's hockey to be a medal event.

Pasay
Pasay, officially the City of Pasay (Filipino: Lungsod ng Pasay; IPA: [ˈpaː.saɪ̯]), is a highly urbanized city in the National Capital Region of the Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 453,186 people.

Due to its location just south of Manila, Pasay quickly became an urban town during the American colonial period. It is now best known for being the site of most of Ninoy Aquino International Airport and of complexes such as Newport City and the SM Central Business Park.
Aglossa caprealis
Aglossa caprealis, the stored grain moth, is a moth species of the family Pyralidae. It is found globally, though its native range is presumably the western Palearctic or nearby regions, as in other Aglossa species.

The wingspan is 23–27 mm. The moth flies from June to August, depending on the location.

The larvae feed on dry plant waste, grain (e.g. maize), hay, straw and decaying manure. Sometimes, they even eat animal carcasses, suet, lard, pork rinds and other fatty materials.

Straw
Straw is an agricultural byproduct consisting of the dry stalks of cereal plants after the grain and chaff have been removed. It makes up about half of the yield by weight of cereal crops such as barley, oats, rice, rye and wheat. It has a number of different uses, including fuel, livestock bedding and fodder, thatching and basket making.

Straw is usually gathered and stored in a straw bale, which is a bale, or bundle, of straw tightly bound with twine, wire, or string. Straw bales may be square, rectangular, star shaped or round, and can be very large, depending on the type of baler used.
William Smith (actor)
William Emmett Smith Jr. (March 24, 1933 – July 5, 2021) was an American actor and stunt performer. His career spanned nearly 80 years across film and television, often in imposing or villainous character roles.

Smith starred as Texas Ranger Joe Riley on the Western television series Laredo (1965-67), and played the menacing Anthony Falconetti in the acclaimed television mini-series Rich Man, Poor Man (1976) and Rich Man, Poor Man Book II (1976-77). He played prominent roles in films like Any Which Way You Can (1980), Conan the Barbarian (1982), Rumble Fish (1983), and Red Dawn (1984). He was also a leading man in several exploitation and action films, during the 1970s and 1990s.

Stunt performer
A stunt performer, often called a stuntman or stuntwoman and occasionally stuntperson or stunt-person, is a trained professional who performs daring acts, often as a career. Stunt performers usually appear in films or on television, as opposed to a daredevil, who performs for a live audience. When they take the place of another actor, they are known as stunt doubles.
Katha Screenplay Darsakatvam Appalaraju
Katha Screenplay Darsakatvam Appalaraju  (transl. Story screenplay and direction by Appalaraju) is a 2011 Indian Telugu-language comedy film written and directed by Ram Gopal Varma. It stars Sunil and Swati Reddy in the lead roles, alongside Brahmanandam and Kota Srinivasa Rao. Sudhakar Reddy has handled the camera and Koti has composed the music.

Kota Srinivasa Rao
Kota Srinivasa Rao (10 July 1942 – 13 July 2025) was an Indian actor and politician. Known for his work primarily in Telugu cinema and theatre, he also starred in a few films in Tamil, Hindi, Kannada and Malayalam. As a politician, Rao has served as the MLA from Vijayawada East in Andhra Pradesh, India from 1999 to 2004. He made his debut with the Telugu film Pranam Khareedu in 1978. He starred in over 750 feature films. He won nine state Nandi Awards in various categories of villain, character actor, and supporting actor. In 2012, he garnered the SIIMA Award for his work in Krishnam Vande Jagadgurum. In 2015, he was awarded the Padma Shri, India's fourth highest civilian honour, for his contribution to Indian cinema. Rao's last film appearance was Hari Hara Veera Mallu, which was released in 2025.
Arthrorhabdus mjobergi
Arthrorhabdus mjobergi is a species of centipede in the Scolopendridae family. It is endemic to Australia, and was first described in 1916 by German naturalist Karl Kraepelin from material collected by Swedish zoologist and explorer Eric Mjöberg. It is a relatively small species, averaging 38 millimetres in length, with a pale brownish-yellow body, reddish-brown head, and variably coloured last segment and back legs. Its notable characteristics include short, 17-segmented antennae, mouthparts with 4 or 5 large outward-facing teeth, body segments with distinct median indentations, and varied leg features such as bristles at the base of claws on the first 20 pairs and 2 to 5 spines on the last pair.

Scolopendridae
Scolopendridae (or, in older documents, Scolopendridæ), from Ancient Greek σκόλοψ (skólops), meaning "thorn", and ἔντερον (énteron), meaning "earthworm", is a family of large centipedes (class Chilopoda).
Trubchevsk Cathedral
The Trinity Cathedral in Trubchevsk, Russia, was built in the 18th century on a hill rising above the river Desna. It incorporates the foundations of an earlier church, built in the beginning of the 16th century by the Princes Troubetzkoy, and it subsequently became the site of their family tomb. The present cathedral was built at the end of the 18th century over the old building. The belfry was added at the beginning of the 19th century.

Excavations in 1971 under the cathedral have revealed a rock temple of the 12th century.

Trubetskoy family
The House of Trubetskoy is a Russian gentry family of Ruthenian stock and Lithuanian origin, like many other princely houses of Grand Duchy of Lithuania, later prominent in Russian history, science, and arts. They are descended from Algirdas's son Demetrius I Starshy (1327 – 12 August 1399). They used the Pogoń Litewska coat of arms and the Trubetsky coat of arms.
Belite Brezi
Belite Brezi (Bulgarian: Белите Брези or Бели Брези:Beli Brezi, meaning The Silver Birches) is a resort area in the Rhodope Mountains of southern Bulgaria. The reserve is located 30 km (19 mi) from the town of Kardzhali and 6 km (3.7 mi) from the town of Ardino. This is one of the places with the most developed tourism in the area. On its territory there is a holiday house with a total capacity of about 250 beds. The area was created to protect the only naturally growing forest of silver birch (Betula pendula) in the Rhodopes. Natural silver birch forests are rare in Bulgaria and the main areas covered in this species are artificially planted. Belite Brezi has an area of about 3680 decares. Other tree species in the forest include European beech (Fagus sylvatica), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), Austrian pine (Pinus nigra), Norway spruce (Picea abies) and others, but they are under-represented.

Picea abies
Picea abies, the Norway spruce or European spruce, is a species of spruce native to Northern, Central and Eastern Europe.

It has branchlets that typically hang downwards, and the longest cones of any spruce, 9–17 cm long. It is very closely related to the Siberian spruce (Picea obovata), which replaces it east of the Ural Mountains, and with which it hybridises freely. The Norway spruce has a wide distribution, being planted for its wood, and is the species used as a Christmas tree in several countries around the world. It was the first gymnosperm to have its genome sequenced. The Latin specific epithet abies means "like 
Abies, Fir tree".