hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nazi plunder
Nazi authorities systematically plundered art and valuables from occupied European countries. Jewish property was looted beginning in 1933 in Germany and was a key part of the Holocaust. Nazis also plundered occupied countries, sometimes with direct seizures, and sometimes under the guise of protecting art through Kunstschutz units. In addition to gold, silver, and currency, cultural items of great significance were stolen, including paintings, ceramics, books, and religious treasures.

Many of the artworks looted by the Nazis were recovered by the Allies' Monuments, Fine Arts, and Archives program (MFAA, also known as the Monuments Men and Women), following the war; however many of them are still missing or were returned to countries but not to their original owners. An international effort to identify Nazi plunder which still remains unaccounted for is underway, with the ultimate aim of returning the items to their rightful owners, their families, or their respective countries.

Altaussee
Altaussee (German: [ˈalt.aʊ̯sˌseː]; Central Bavarian: Oid Aussee) is a municipality and spa town in the district of Liezen in Styria, Austria. The small village is nestled on the shores of the Lake Altaussee, beneath the Loser Plateau. Occupying an area of 92 km2, Altaussee is home to 1,777 people. The municipality includes two cadastral communities: Altaussee and Lupitsch. The designated climatic spa is within the Salzkammergut region. Altaussee has the biggest salt deposits of Austria, which are still mined today.
Arrow (Milwaukee Road train)
The Arrow was a passenger train operated by the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad (the "Milwaukee Road") between Chicago, Illinois and Omaha, Nebraska. It operated from 1926 until 1967. The Arrow provided overnight service between the two cities and included through cars for other destinations in Iowa and South Dakota.

Through coach
In rail terminology, a through coach is a passenger car (coach) that is re-marshalled during the course of its journey.  It begins the journey attached to one train, and arrives at its destination attached to another train.

Through coaches save their transit passengers the need to change trains themselves.  They also increase the number of direct links offered by the train operator(s).

Most frequently in the form of sleeping or couchette cars, through coaches have commonly been used for long-distance journeys, especially in continental Europe, although they are much less common now than they were in the early 1970s.
Yen Ngoc Do
Đỗ Ngọc Yến (1941 — August 17, 2006) was a Vietnamese American journalist and newspaper publisher. He was the founder of Người Việt Daily News,  the oldest and largest Vietnamese-language daily publication in the United States.

Born in Southern Vietnam, Yến emigrated to the United States by the fall of Saigon, ultimately settling in Southern California. He has been praised for his leadership of the Người Việt newspaper and as an effective community leader for Little Saigon, Orange County. Journalism professor Jeffrey Brody has called Yến both a "pioneering journalist" and "the intellectual voice of Little Saigon".

Vietnamese Americans
Vietnamese Americans (Vietnamese: Người Mỹ gốc Việt, Vietnamese pronunciation: [ŋɯəj˨˩ mi˦ˀ˥ ɣŏk˧˦ viət̚˧˨ʔ~ziət̚˧˨ʔ]) are Americans of Vietnamese ancestry. They constitute a major part of all overseas Vietnamese. As of 2023, over 2.3 million people of Vietnamese descent live in the United States, making them the fourth largest Asian American ethnic group. The majority (60%) are immigrants, while 40% were born in the United States. The number includes people of other ethnicities such as Montagnards, Tais, Chams, or Hoa Chinese.

The Vietnamese American population grew significantly after 1975, when a large wave of South Vietnamese refugees arrived in the U.S. following the end of the Vietnam War. Today, over half of Vietnamese-Americans reside in California and Texas, particularly in metropolitan areas like Los Angeles, Houston, and San Jose.
Richard Didier
Richard Didier (born 23 February 1961 in Chatou, France) is a French senior civil servant.

Didier served as the Administrator Superior of Wallis and Futuna for two years, from 2006 to 2008. Didier's time was marked with tensions and succession struggles between several of Wallis and Futuna's royal families and clans following the death of Tomasi Kulimoetoke II in 2007. Didier left Wallis and Futuna for metropolitan France in 2008.  He was succeeded as Administrator Superior of Wallis and Futuna by Philippe Paolantoni.

Didier was appointed the Prefect of the Haute-Loire (Upper Loire) department by the French Cabinet at a meeting on 28 July 2008.

He was Prefect without assignment before taking up office as High Commissioner of the Republic in French Polynesia in December 2010.

Prefect
Prefect (from the Latin praefectus, substantive adjectival form of praeficere: "put in front", meaning in charge) is a magisterial title of varying definition, but essentially refers to the leader of an administrative area.

A prefect's office, department, or area of control is called a prefecture, but in various post-Roman Empire cases there is a prefect without a prefecture or vice versa. The words "prefect" and "prefecture" are also used, more or less conventionally, to render analogous words in other languages, especially Romance languages.
SPICA (spacecraft)
The Space Infrared Telescope for Cosmology and Astrophysics (SPICA), was a proposed infrared space telescope, follow-on to the successful Akari space observatory. It was a collaboration between European and Japanese scientists, which was selected in May 2018 by the European Space Agency (ESA) as a finalist for the next Medium class Mission 5 (M5) of the Cosmic Vision programme, to launch in 2032. At the time the other two finalists were THESEUS and EnVision, with the latter that was eventually selected for further development. SPICA would have improved on the spectral line sensitivity of previous missions, the Spitzer and Herschel space telescopes, between 30 and 230 μm by a factor of 50—100.

A final decision was expected in 2021, but in October 2020, it was announced that SPICA was no longer being considered as a candidate for the M5 mission.

Ritchey–Chrétien telescope
A Ritchey–Chrétien telescope (RCT or simply RC) is a specialized variant of the Cassegrain telescope that has a hyperbolic primary mirror and a hyperbolic secondary mirror designed to eliminate off-axis optical errors (coma). The RCT has a wider field of view free of optical errors compared to a more traditional reflecting telescope configuration. Since the mid 20th century, a majority of large professional research telescopes have been Ritchey–Chrétien configurations; some well-known examples are the Hubble Space Telescope, the Keck telescopes and the ESO Very Large Telescope.
Pasadena Memorial Stadium
Veterans Memorial Stadium, opened in 1965, is a 12,700-capacity stadium in Pasadena, Texas, owned by the Pasadena Independent School District.

The stadium hosts all of the varsity home football games for the district's five high schools and is also host to many Class 3A, 4A and 5A playoff games. The varsity high school soccer teams also play at Newcomb Field in the winter.

Pasadena, Texas
Pasadena (/ˌpæsəˈdiːnə/) is a city in the U.S. state of Texas, located in Harris County. It is part of the Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land metropolitan area. As of the 2020 U.S. census, the city's population was 151,950, making it the 23rd most populous city in Texas and the second most populous in Harris County, after Houston. The area was founded in 1893 by John H. Burnett of Galveston, who named the area after Pasadena, California, because of the perceived lush vegetation.
Somali wild ass
The Somali wild ass (Equus africanus somaliensis) is a subspecies of the African wild ass.

The legs of the Somali wild ass are striped, resembling those of its relatives, the zebras. There are estimated to be 600 specimens living in the wild. They live in Somalia, Somaliland, the Southern Red Sea region of Eritrea, and the Afar Region of Ethiopia. In addition, an estimated 200 specimens live in captivity in zoos worldwide.

The IUCN Red List of endangered species described it as "critically endangered", and they face an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.

Afar Region
The Afar Region (/ˈɑːfɑːr/; Afar: Qafar Rakaakayak; Amharic: ዓፋር ክልል), formerly known as Region 2, is a regional state in northeastern Ethiopia and the homeland of the Afar people. Its capital is the planned city of Semera, which lies on the paved Awash–Assab highway. It is bordered by Eritrea to the north and Djibouti to the northeast; it also shares regional borders with the Tigray, Amhara, Oromo and Somali regions.

The Afar Triangle, the northern part of which is the Danakil Depression, is part of the Great Rift Valley of Ethiopia, and is located in the north of the region. It has the lowest point in Ethiopia and one of the lowest in Africa. The southern part of the region consists of the valley of the Awash River, which empties into a string of lakes along the Djibouti–Ethiopia border. Other notable landmarks include the Awash National Park.

Afar Region is a developing region of Ethiopia with a high rate of fertility.
Louie Annesley
Louie John Annesley (born 3 May 2000) is a professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for National League South club Dorking Wanderers. He plays for the Gibraltar national team. For the national team, he has also been utilised as a holding midfielder.

St Helier, London
St Helier (/ˈhɛliər/) is a residential housing estate in the London boroughs of Merton and Sutton. The portion of the estate north of Green Lane and Bishopsford Road is in the borough of Merton in the town of Morden, the remainder is in the borough of Sutton in the towns of Sutton and Carshalton.
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5
The human muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5, encoded by the CHRM5 gene, is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily of integral membrane proteins. It is coupled to Gq protein. Binding of the endogenous ligand acetylcholine to the M5 receptor triggers a number of cellular responses such as adenylate cyclase inhibition, phosphoinositide degradation, and potassium channel modulation. Muscarinic receptors mediate many of the effects of acetylcholine in the central and peripheral nervous system. The clinical implications of this receptor have not been fully explored; however, stimulation of this receptor is known to effectively decrease cyclic AMP levels and downregulate the activity of protein kinase A (PKA).

Potassium channel
Potassium channels are the most widely distributed type of ion channel found in virtually all organisms. They form potassium-selective pores that span cell membranes. Potassium channels are found in most cell types and control a wide variety of cell functions.
J. Karjalainen
Jukka Tapio "J." Karjalainen (born 1 April 1957) is a Finnish singer-songwriter. His first album came out in 1981 and he has been called the "Bruce Springsteen of Finland." He states that his music is a mix of "Blues, Rock´n´roll, Folk, Country, Soul, Funky, New Orleans stuff." He also listened to old-time musicians like Tommy Jarrell and Clarence Ashley while learning the 5-string banjo. Jukka is married to Kati Bergman, and they have a son, Väinö Karjalainen, who is also a musician and music producer.

Clarence Ashley
Clarence "Tom" Ashley (born Clarence Earl McCurry; September 29, 1895 – June 2, 1967) was an American musician and singer, who played the clawhammer banjo and the guitar. He began performing at medicine shows in the Southern Appalachian region as early as 1911, and gained initial fame during the late 1920s as both a solo recording artist and as a member of various string bands. After his "rediscovery" during the folk revival of the 1960s, Ashley spent the last years of his life playing at folk music concerts, including appearances at Carnegie Hall in New York and at the Newport Folk Festival in Rhode Island.
German state railway norms
In German railway engineering, norms (Normalien) are standards for the design and production of railway vehicles. In the 1880s and 1890s, Prussian norms were developed for the locomotives, tenders and wagons of the Prussian state railways under the direction of the railway director responsible for railway engineering, Moritz Stambke. Later, these were largely adopted by the other state railways (Länderbahnen) in Germany.

Tender (rail)
A tender is a special rail vehicle hauled by a steam locomotive containing its fuel (wood, coal, oil or torrefied biomass) and water. Steam locomotives consume large quantities of water compared to the quantity of fuel, so their tenders are necessary to keep them running over long distances. A locomotive that pulls a tender is called either a tender locomotive or a tender engine. Locomotives that do not have tenders and carry all their fuel and water on board are called tank locomotives or tank engines.

A corridor tender is a locomotive tender with a passageway to one side, allowing crew changes on the fly.

A brake tender is a tender that is heavy and used (primarily) to provide greater braking efficiency.
Julian Taylor (surgeon)
Professor Julian Taylor, C.B.E., M.S., F.R.C.S., Hon.F.R.A.C.S. (26 January 1889 – 15 April 1961) was a specialist in neurological surgery, Senior Surgeon at University College Hospital, a former vice-president of the Royal College of Surgeons and later Professor of Surgery at the University of Khartoum.

Born in St. John's Wood, London, his father was the artist Edward Ingram Taylor and his mother, Margaret Boole, came from a family of mathematicians (his aunt was Alicia Boole Stott and his grandfather was George Boole). His brother was the physicist Sir Geoffrey Ingram Taylor OM. Educated at University College School and University College Hospital, he qualified in 1911, an immediate disciple of Wilfred Trotter, one of the pioneers in neurosurgery, graduated M.B., B.S., with honours in medicine in the following year and took the F.R.C.S. in 1914.

Alicia Boole Stott
Alicia Boole Stott (8 June 1860 – 17 December 1940) was a British mathematician. She made a number of contributions to the field and was awarded an honorary doctorate from the University of Groningen. She grasped four-dimensional geometry from an early age, and introduced the term "polytope" for a convex solid in four or more dimensions.
1999 Blain by-election
A by-election for the seat of Blain in the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly was held on 31 July 1999. The by-election was triggered by the resignation of Country Liberal Party (CLP) member Barry Coulter, a former Deputy Chief Minister. Coulter had held Blain, and its predecessors Berrimah and Palmerston, since 1983.

The CLP selected Terry Mills, a private school Principal, as its candidate. The Labor candidate was Nicole Cridland.

Electoral division of Berrimah
Berrimah was an electoral division of the Legislative Assembly in Australia's Northern Territory. It was named after the town of Berrimah. It existed from 1983 to 1987, when it was replaced by Palmerston.
Mr. A–Z
Mr. A–Z is the second album by the American singer-songwriter Jason Mraz, released on July 26, 2005. It is the follow-up to his first album Waiting for My Rocket to Come, released in 2002. Even with mixed reviews, it was a moderate commercial success and debuted at number 5 on Billboard's Top 200 albums chart. It was recognized for mixing many different genres of music together.

It was nominated by the Recording Academy for best engineered album, and the producer Steve Lillywhite, who previously worked with U2, Dave Matthews Band and The Rolling Stones, won for Producer of the Year, but not for his work on Mr. A–Z. The name of the album is a play on the artist's surname, "Mraz".

An opera solo performed by Mraz himself can be found on the track "Mr. Curiosity". In March 2010, this song charted in Germany after it had been performed by Lena Meyer-Landrut in the talent show contest Unser Star für Oslo (Our Star for Oslo), reaching a peak position of number 44.

Talent show
A talent show or talent contest is an event in which participants perform the arts of singing, dancing, lip-syncing, acting, martial arts, playing an instrument, poetry, comedy or other activities to showcase skills. Many talent shows are performances rather than contests, but some are actual contests. In the instance of a contest, participants may be motivated to perform for a reward, trophy, or prize of some kind. For example, a high school might not have many students with any interest in performing in front of the student body for the sole purpose of performing alone and may offer different prizes as an incentive for these students to participate in the contest.
Kitty Wu
Kitty Wu is a Danish alternative rock band founded in 1998 in Copenhagen. The band takes its name from a character in Paul Auster's novel Moon Palace.

The band was formed by Robert Lund, Allan Schøneberg, Claus Bergmann, and Samuel Helles. Helles left the band in 2007, and today Kitty Wu performs as a trio with Bergmann on drums, Schøneberg on bass, and Lund on vocals, guitar, and keyboard.

Moon Palace
Moon Palace is a novel written by Paul Auster that was first published in 1989.

The novel is set in Manhattan and the U.S. Southwest, and centers on the life of the narrator Marco Stanley Fogg and the two previous generations of his family.
Spirit of the Blues
"Spirit of the Blues" is a song recorded by Kinsley Music. It was released in April 1984 by Liverpool-based Direct Records ahead of the 1984 FA Cup Final.

In September 2020, the song became popular having been featured in social media memes. The origin of the meme was posted on 2 September 2020 on Twitter by user adamsg1878; it contained footage from the music video of Coldplay's "Adventure of a Lifetime" featuring chimpanzees dancing around and enjoying themselves while "Spirit of the Blues" music played. It was accompanied with the text "We're actually signing James, Allan and Doucoure".

The song reached #65 in the Official Singles Chart Top 100 and #1 in the downloads chart for 2-8 October 2020. It was re-released on vinyl on 2 October 2020 by Everton F.C. in conjunction with Cherry Red Records, with a piano version of "Z-Cars" on the B-side.

Adventure of a Lifetime
"Adventure of a Lifetime" is a song by British rock band Coldplay. It was released on 6 November 2015 as the lead single from their seventh studio album, A Head Full of Dreams (2015). The track reached number seven on the UK Singles Chart and number 13 on the Billboard Hot 100. It also reached the top 20 in a number of countries, including Australia, Austria, Canada, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, New Zealand, and Switzerland.
Tollecanto
Tollecanto is a neighborhood located within the village of Velim, situated in the Salcete taluka and falls under the South Goa district, in the Indian coastal state of Goa. It is about 17 km (11 mi) away from the Margao city and is also a part of the Velim Assembly constituency.

South Goa district
South Goa district is one of the two districts that together constitute the state of Goa, India, within the region known as the Konkan. It is bounded by North Goa district to the north, while the Arabian Sea forms its western coast. It ranks among the top 25 developed districts of India. The district capital city is Margao (Madgaon), which also serves as the commercial capital of Goa.
Elbistan
Elbistan (Old Anatolian Turkish: Ablasta, Ablastayn, Ablastin, Ablistan; Kurdish: Elbistan; Arabic: البستان (Al-Bustan) ) is a municipality and district of Kahramanmaraş Province, Turkey. Its area is 2,201 km2, and its population is 141,307 (2022).

Evliya Çelebi
Dervish Mehmed Zillî (25 March 1611 – 1682), known as Evliya Çelebi (Ottoman Turkish: اوليا چلبى), was an Ottoman Turkish explorer who travelled through his home country during its cultural zenith as well as neighboring lands. He travelled for over 40 years, recording his commentary in a travelogue called the Seyahatnâme ("Book of Travel"). The name Çelebi is an honorific meaning "gentleman" or "man of God".
Henry John Carter
Henry John Carter, FRS (18 August 1813 – 4 May 1895) was a surgeon working in Bombay, India, who carried out work in geology, paleontology, and zoology. He worked as an army surgeon in Bombay from 1859 on Her Majesty's Indian Service, Bombay Establishment. He edited a collection of geological papers on Western India, including a summary of the geology of India, which was published in 1857. Many items of his published work appeared in the journal of the Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, and in the Annals of Natural History. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1859.

Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland
The Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, commonly known as the Royal Asiatic Society, was established, according to its royal charter of 11 August 1824, to further "the investigation of subjects connected with and for the encouragement of science, literature and the arts in relation to Asia."  From its incorporation the society has been a forum, through lectures, its journal, and other publications, for scholarship relating to Asian culture and society of the highest level.  It is the United Kingdom's senior learned society in the field of Asian studies. Fellows of the society are elected regularly and include highly accomplished and notable scholars of Asian studies; they use the post-nominal letters FRAS.
The Simpsons season 34
The thirty-fourth season of the American animated sitcom The Simpsons aired on Fox between September 25, 2022, and May 21, 2023. The season consisted of twenty-two episodes. This was the second of two seasons ordered by Fox. It was produced by Gracie Films and 20th Television Animation. The primary showrunner for the season was Matt Selman. The series was renewed for seasons 35 and 36 on January 26, 2023.

Episodes this season won two Emmy Awards, including Outstanding Animated Program. It also won one Writers Guild of America Award and was nominated for another one. It was also nominated for one Annie Award.

Gracie Films
Gracie Films, Inc. is an American film and television production company founded by James L. Brooks on January 4, 1986. The company is primarily known for producing its long-running flagship animated series The Simpsons. The company's headquarters is located on the Fox Studios lot at 10201 West Pico Boulevard in Los Angeles.
William Tyndale College
William Tyndale College was a private Christian college located in Farmington Hills, Michigan, United States. Named after 16th-century Protestant scholar William Tyndale, the college was founded as the Detroit Bible Institute in 1945, and became accredited by the American Association of Bible Colleges in 1954 and North Central Association of Colleges and Schools in 1988.  William Tyndale College closed on December 31, 2004. Its motto was In essentials, unity; in non-essentials, liberty; and in all things, charity.

Church of God in Christ
The Church of God in Christ (COGIC) is an international Holiness–Pentecostal Christian denomination and a large Pentecostal denomination in the United States. Although an international and multi-ethnic religious organization, it has a predominantly African-American membership based within the United States. The international headquarters is in Memphis, Tennessee.

The current Presiding Bishop is John Drew Sheard Sr., who is the senior pastor of the Greater Emmanuel Institutional Church of God in Christ in Detroit, Michigan. He was elected as the denomination's leader on March 27, 2021. On November 12, 2024, Bishop Sheard was re-elected by acclamation to serve another four-year term as the presiding bishop and chief apostle of the denomination.