hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Units of energy
Energy is defined via work, so the SI unit of energy is the same as the unit of work – the joule (J), named in honour of James Prescott Joule and his experiments on the mechanical equivalent of heat. In slightly more fundamental terms, 1 joule is equal to 1 newton metre and, in terms of SI base units

An energy unit that is used in atomic physics, particle physics, and high energy physics is the electronvolt (eV). One eV is equivalent to 1.602176634×10−19 J.

In spectroscopy, the unit cm−1 ≈ 0.0001239842 eV is used to represent energy since energy is inversely proportional to wavelength from the equation .

In discussions of energy production and consumption, the units barrel of oil equivalent and ton of oil equivalent are often used.

Mechanical equivalent of heat
In the history of science, the mechanical equivalent of heat states that motion and heat are mutually interchangeable and that in every case, a given amount of work would generate the same amount of heat, provided the work done is totally converted to heat energy.  The mechanical equivalent of heat was a concept that had an important part in the development and acceptance of the conservation of energy and the establishment of the science of thermodynamics in the 19th century. Its independent and simultaneous discovery by James Prescott Joule and by Julius Robert von Mayer led to a priority dispute.
Tateyama Castle (Yonezawa)
Tateyama Castle (舘山城, Tateyama-jō) was a Sengoku period Japanese castle located in what is now the city of Yonezawa, southern Yamagata Prefecture, Japan.  The site of the castle was designated a National Historic Site in 2016. The castle grounds are a 20 minutes walk from Nishi-Yonezawa Station on the JR East Yonesaka Line. It should not be confused with Tateyama Castle in Tateyama, Chiba, whose name is written with slightly different kanji.

Yonesaka Line
The Yonesaka Line (米坂線, Yonesaka-sen) is a railway line in Japan, operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East). It connects Yonezawa Station in Yamagata Prefecture to Sakamachi Station in Niigata Prefecture.  At Yonezawa, connections to the Yamagata Shinkansen and Ōu Main Line can be made; while the Uetsu Main Line connects at Sakamachi Station. The line takes its name from the first kanji of Yonezawa (米沢) and Sakamachi (坂町).

Trains can only pass each other at Uzen-Komatsu, Imaizumi, Uzen-Tsubaki, Oguni, Echigo-Kanamaru, and Echigo-Shimoseki stations.

Services between Sakamachi and Imaizumi have been suspended due to flood damage since August 2022.
Oskar Kaplur
Oskar Kaplur (Russian: Оска́р Фри́дрихович Каплю́р; 20 September [O.S. 8 September] 1889 – 20 September 1962) was an Estonian wrestler. He competed for the Russian Empire in the lightweight event at the 1912 Summer Olympics.

He lived in the United States from 1913 to 1918 but returned to Russia in 1918 and worked in the aircraft industry. He was known as the inventor of Kaplyurit plastic-impregnated plywood reinforced with internal steel gauze.

Wrestling at the 1912 Summer Olympics – Men's Greco-Roman lightweight
The Greco-Roman lightweight competition at the 1912 Summer Olympics was part of the wrestling programme.

The competition used a form of double-elimination tournament.  Rather than using the brackets that are now standard for double-elimination contests (and which assure that each match is between two competitors with the same number of losses), each wrestler drew a number.  Each man would face off against the wrestler with the next number, provided he had not already faced that wrestler and that the wrestler was not from the same nation as him (unless this was necessary to avoid byes).

When only three wrestlers remain (the medalists), the double-elimination halts and a special final round is used to determine the order of the medals.

Lightweight was the second-lightest category, including wrestlers weighing 60 to 67.5 kilograms (132.3 to 148.8 lb).
Shadow Generations
Shadow Generations is a 2024 platform game developed by Sonic Team and published by Sega. It is the second Sonic the Hedgehog game to feature Shadow as the protagonist, following Shadow the Hedgehog (2005). Its story runs parallel to Sonic Generations (2011), and sees Shadow travel through time as he faces his arch-nemesis Black Doom. Like Sonic Generations, the levels and bosses are drawn from previous Sonic games; it also includes levels and game mechanics from games released after Sonic Generations.

Shadow Generations is not available as a standalone game, instead being bundled with a remaster of Sonic Generations in Sonic X Shadow Generations. It was released on October 25, 2024, for the Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One, Xbox Series X/S, and Windows to generally favorable reviews. The game has been a commercial success, selling two million copies by January 2025. A Nintendo Switch 2 version released as a launch title for the system on June 5, 2025.

Optical disc packaging
Optical disc packaging is the packaging that accompanies CDs, DVDs, and other formats of optical discs. Most packaging is rigid or semi-rigid and designed to protect the media from scratches and other types of exposure damage.
Easier Said Than Done (Radney Foster song)
"Easier Said Than Done" is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Radney Foster.  It was released in June 1993 as the third single from the album Del Rio, TX 1959.  The song reached number 20 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.

Radney Foster
Radney Muckleroy Foster (born July 20, 1959) is an American country music singer-songwriter, musician, and music producer. Initially a songwriter in Nashville, Tennessee, Foster made his recording debut as part of the Foster & Lloyd duo, recording three studio albums and with nine singles on the country charts.

Foster began his solo career in 1992 and his album Del Rio, TX 1959 produced four consecutive Top 40 hits. However, his commercial success waned with the release subsequent albums such as Labor of Love (1995), See What You Want to See (1999), Are You Ready for the Big Show?, Another Way to Go (2002) and This World We Live In (2006). Overall, Foster has had thirteen songs on the Billboard Hot Country Songs charts, including the Top Ten hits "Just Call Me Lonesome" (#10, 1992) and "Nobody Wins" (#2, 1993). His songs have been recorded by Gary Allan, Sara Evans, Keith Urban, Hootie and the Blowfish, and Jack Ingram.
Nick Waterlow
Nicholas Anthony Ronald Waterlow OAM (30 August 1941 – 9 November 2009) was a curator at the Ivan Dougherty Gallery at UNSW in Sydney, Australia until his death. He was well known and respected as an expert on the history of art in Australia and was on the editorial board of the Art & Australia magazine. He was notable for his curating at the Biennale of Sydney at the Art Gallery of New South Wales and a retrospective of the pop artist Martin Sharp.

Waterlow was awarded the Medal of the Order of Australia (OAM) in the 1990 Australia Day Honours for "service to the arts".

1990 Australia Day Honours
The 1990 Australia Day Honours are appointments to various orders and honours to recognise and reward good works by Australian citizens. The list was announced on 26 January 1990 by the Governor General of Australia, Bill Hayden.

The Australia Day Honours are the first of the two major annual honours lists, the first announced to coincide with Australia Day (26 January), with the other being the Queen's Birthday Honours, which are announced on the second Monday in June.

† indicates an award given posthumously.
Helcystogramma triannulella
Helcystogramma triannulella is a species of moth in the family Gelechiidae. It was originally described by Gottlieb August Wilhelm Herrich-Schäffer in 1854. It is found in south-western and south-eastern Siberia, the Caucasus, Transcaucasia, Kazakhstan, Korea, Japan, China, northern India and large parts of Europe, except Ireland, Great Britain, the Netherlands, Denmark, Scandinavia, the Baltic region and the western Balkan Peninsula.

The wingspan is 12–15 mm. There are several generations between May and October in southern Europe.

The larvae feed on Ipomoea batatas, Convolvulus arvensis, Calystegia sepium and Calystegia japonica. They live in a folded leaf, held together by spinning.

Baltic region
The Baltic Sea Region, alternatively the Baltic Rim countries (or simply the Baltic Rim), and the Baltic Sea countries/states, refers to the general area surrounding the Baltic Sea, including parts of Northern, Central and Eastern Europe. Unlike the "Baltic states", the Baltic region includes all countries that border the sea.
Bobby McCallum
Robert Taylor McCallum (1940 – 14 August 1999) was a Scottish footballer who played for Motherwell, mainly as a left back. He was the club's 'player of the year' in the 1962–63 season.

He was selected once for the Scottish Football League XI, in 1966.

Scottish Football League XI
The Scottish League XI was a representative side of the Scottish Football League. The team regularly played against the (English) Football League and other national league select teams between 1892 and 1980. For a long period the annual fixture between the English and Scottish leagues was only second in importance to the matches between the two national teams. The fixture declined in importance after regular European club competition was instituted in the 1950s; matches in the 1960s and 1970s were played irregularly and poorly attended. A match involving a Scottish League XI was last played in 1990, to mark the centenary of the League.
Martuza Ahmed
Martuza Ahmed (Bengali: মরতুজা আহমদ) is a Bangladeshi bureaucrat and former Chief Information Commissioner of the Information Commission. He is a former secretary of the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting.

Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (Bangladesh)
The Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (Bengali: তথ্য ও সম্প্রচার মন্ত্রণালয়) (abbreviated as MoIB) is a branch of the Government of Bangladesh and is the apex body for formulation and administration of the rules and regulations and laws relating to information, broadcasting, the press and films in Bangladesh. It is responsible for releasing government information, media galleries, public domain and government unclassified non-scientific data to the public and international communities.
Rosedale, Queens
Rosedale is a neighborhood in New York City in the southeastern portion of the borough of Queens. The neighborhood, located along the southern part of Queens, borders Nassau County.

Rosedale is located in Queens Community District 13 and its ZIP Code is 11422. It is patrolled by the New York City Police Department's 116th Precinct.

Rockaway Boulevard
Rockaway Boulevard is a major 9.36-mile (15.06 km) road in southern Queens and Nassau County, on Long Island, in New York, United States.

Within Queens, the portions east of 182nd Street to the Queens–Nassau border are owned by the State of New York and designated as the unsigned New York State Reference Route 909G. Within Nassau County, the road is known as Rockaway Turnpike and is designated as the unsigned Nassau County Route 257.

Unlike the similarly named Rockaway Beach Boulevard and Rockaway Freeway, it serves mainland Queens and does not enter the Rockaways.
Aladin Music Hall
53°03′21″N 8°53′07″E﻿ / ﻿53.0558°N 8.8853°E﻿ / 53.0558; 8.8853

The Aladin Music Hall is a nightclub located in Bremen, Germany. The club has hosted many famous artists over the years, including Saxon, Golden Earring, Foghat, Uriah Heep, Nirvana and Blue Öyster Cult. The Aladin opened in 1977.

Saxon (band)
Saxon are  an English heavy metal band formed in Barnsley in 1975. As leaders of the new wave of British heavy metal (NWOBHM), they had eight UK Top 40 albums during the 1980s including four UK Top 10 albums and two Top 5 albums. They had numerous hit singles on the UK Singles Chart and experienced success all over Europe, South America and Japan, as well as in the United States and Canada.

During the 1980s, Saxon established themselves among Europe's most successful metal acts. The band tours regularly and have sold more than 23 million records worldwide.
Rodes Rollins
Talia Leah Taxman (born 1 November 1994), known professionally as Rodes Rollins is an American singer-songwriter from Boulder, CO who is currently based in Brooklyn, NY but also spends time in LA and Mexico City. She calls her Americana, pop-esque music “cowboy poetry” and Billboard has referred to her sound as “part spaghetti western, part psychedelic.”

She released her debut EP "Young Adult", which was produced by Alex Goose, in 2016. One song from the EP, 'Wes Come Back,' was featured on the CW's Riverdale.

Rollins has collaborated with Stella Mozgawa, Matthew Compton of Electric Guest, Kane Ritchotte (formerly of Portugal. The Man), and Greg Rogove. She was also featured in Branko’s “Out of Sight (So Right).”

Rollins studied Cultural Iconography at NYU Gallatin School of Individualized Study.

Electric Guest
Electric Guest is a Los Angeles–based band formed in 2011. The group comprises Asa Taccone and Matthew "Cornbread" Compton. Luke Top plays bass and Reese Richardson plays keyboards/guitar in the touring version of the band. On April 24, 2012, the band released their debut album, Mondo. They released their second album, Plural, on February 17, 2017, and their third album, Kin, on October 18, 2019.
Øksfjord Church
Øksfjord Church (Norwegian: Øksfjord kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Loppa Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway. It is located in the village of Øksfjord. It is main church for the Loppa parish which is part of the Alta prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nord-Hålogaland. The stone church was built in a long church style in 1954 using plans drawn up by the architect Hans Magnus. The church seats about 210 people.

Finnmark
Finnmark (Norwegian: [ˈfɪ̀nːmɑrk] ⓘ; Northern Sami: Finnmárku [ˈfinːˌmaːrːhkuː]; Kven: Finmarkku; Finnish: Finnmarkin lääni; Russian: Финнмарк) is a county in northern Norway. By land, it borders Troms county to the west, Finland's Lapland region to the south, and Russia's Murmansk Oblast to the east, and by water, the Norwegian Sea (Atlantic Ocean) to the northwest, and the Barents Sea (Arctic Ocean) to the north and northeast.

The county was formerly known as Finmarkens amt or Vardøhus amt. Since 2002, it has had two official names: Finnmark (Norwegian) and Finnmárku (Northern Sami). It is part of the Sápmi region, which spans four countries, as well as the Barents Region, and is Norway's second-largest and least populous county.

In January 2020, Finnmark merged with the neighbouring county of Troms to form Troms og Finnmark county. In January 2024, the counties of Finnmark and Troms were restored after parliament decided in June 2022 to separate them.
Matt Nathanson: Live at Google
Matt Nathanson: Live at Google is a live recording of Matt Nathanson's performance at the Google Campus in early July 2011 to promote Google's new service, Music Beta by Google (subsequently rebranded as Google Play).

Googleplex
The Googleplex is the corporate headquarters complex of Google and its parent company, Alphabet Inc. It is located at 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway in Mountain View, California.

The original complex, with 2 million square feet (190,000 square meters) of office space, is the company's second-largest square footage assemblage of Google buildings, after Google's 111 Eighth Avenue building in New York City, which the company bought in 2010.

"Googleplex" is a portmanteau of Google and complex (meaning a complex of buildings) and a reference to googolplex, the name given to the large number 1010100, or 10googol.
Norbert Walter (volleyball)
Norbert Walter (born 1 July 1979) is a German professional volleyball player. His position on the field is middle blocker. He is currently playing for Italian side Canadiens Mantova. He's playing for the national team since 1999.

Before coming to Belgium, Walter played in Germany (a.o. SCC Berlin and VfB Friedrichshafen), Austria (Aon hotVolleys Vienna), France and Knack Randstad Roeselare in Belgium.

Germany men's national volleyball team
The Germany men's national volleyball team represents Germany in international volleyball competitions. It is governed by the German Volleyball Association. Germany won the gold medal at the 1970 World Championship as East Germany and the bronze medal at the 2014 World Championship.

After German reunification, West Germany (1949–1990) was renamed Germany and they absorbed East Germany (1949–1990) with the records. Since 1992 they have appeared at the Olympic Games on two occasions, finishing with a ninth place at Beijing 2008 and a fifth place at London 2012. However, Germany have enjoyed some recent success on the continental stage, winning gold at the 2015 European Games and silver at the 2017 European Championship.
Before reunification, East Germany finished fourth at Mexico City 1968, before winning the silver medal at Munich 1972. East Germany were also crowned FIVB Men's Volleyball World Championship and clinched the FIVB World Cup in 1969.
Richard, Count of Acerra
Richard, count of Acerra (died 30 November 1196) was an Italo-Norman nobleman, grandson of Robert of Medania, a Frenchman of Anjou. Brother of Sibylla, queen of Tancred of Sicily, Richard was the chief peninsular supporter of his brother-in-law during his claim for the throne in 1189.

County of Anjou
The County of Anjou (UK: /ˈɒ̃ʒuː, ˈæ̃ʒuː/, US: /ɒ̃ˈʒuː, ˈæn(d)ʒuː, ˈɑːnʒuː/; French: [ɑ̃ʒu]; Latin: Andegavia) was a French county that was the predecessor to the Duchy of Anjou. Its capital was Angers, and its area was roughly co-extensive with the diocese of Angers. Anjou was bordered by Brittany to the west, Maine to the north, Touraine to the east and Poitou to the south. Its 12th-century Count Geoffrey created the nucleus of what became the Angevin Empire. The adjectival form is Angevin, and inhabitants of Anjou are known as Angevins. In 1360, the county was raised into the Duchy of Anjou within the Kingdom of France.  This duchy was later absorbed into the French royal domain in 1482, and remained a province of the kingdom until 1790.
Carlo Lodoli
Carlo Lodoli  (28 November 1690 – October 27, 1761) was a Venetian architectural theorist, Franciscan priest, mathematician and teacher, whose work anticipated modernist notions of functionalism and truth to materials. He claimed that architectural forms and proportions should be derived from the abilities of the material being used. He is sometimes referred to as the Socrates of architecture. Since his own writings have been lost his theories are only known from the works of others. Together with architects and architectural theorists including Claude Perrault, Abbé Jean-Louis de Cordemoy, Abbé Marc-Antoine Laugier, Lodoli articulated a rational architecture which challenged the prevailing Baroque and Rococo styles.

Architectural theory
Architectural theory is the act of thinking, discussing, and writing about architecture. Architectural theory is taught in all architecture schools and is practiced by the world's leading architects. Some forms that architecture theory takes are the lecture or dialogue, the treatise or book, and the paper project or competition entry. Architectural theory is often didactic, and theorists tend to stay close to or work from within schools. It has existed in some form since antiquity, and as publishing became more common, architectural theory gained an increased richness. Books, magazines, and journals published an unprecedented number of works by architects and critics in the 20th century. As a result, styles and movements formed and dissolved much more quickly than the relatively enduring modes in earlier history. It is to be expected that the use of the internet will further the discourse on architecture in the 21st century.
Limnonectes taylori
Limnonectes taylori is a species of frogs in the family Dicroglossidae, first described from Doi Inthanon, Thailand. It occurs in northwestern Thailand and into northern Laos and extreme east-central Myanmar, possibly into adjacent Vietnam. In Thailand, it occurs in the provinces Chiang Mai, Mae Hong Son, Lampang, Nan, and Tak.

Dicroglossidae
The frog family Dicroglossidae occurs in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia and Africa, with most genera and species being found in Asia. The common name of the family is fork-tongued frogs.

The Dicroglossidae were previously considered to be a subfamily in the family Ranidae, but their position as a family is now well established.
Lansdowne Valley Park
Lansdowne Valley Park, or sometimes Landsdowne Valley Park (Irish: Páirc Ghleann Lansdún), is a linear public park in Drimnagh, Dublin. The River Camac flows through it, and it is part of the Green Loop Trail. There is a municipal pitch and putt course in the park.

Pitch and putt
Pitch and putt is an amateur sport very similar to, and derived from, golf, where the hole length is typically up to 90 metres (100 yd) and just 2–3 clubs are normally used. The game was organised and developed in Ireland during the early 20th century, before expanding through the 1940s, and is now played in dozens of countries.
Heron Trail
The Heron Trail is 15+1⁄2-mile (24.9 km) long cycling trail that links with National Cycle Route 1 between Higham and Strood, then it heads around the Hoo Peninsula via Regional route 18  (now renamed National Cycle Route 179  ) passing through 'Hoo St Werburgh', 'High Halstow' and 'Cliffe' before returning to Higham. It has a mixture of rural and maritime interest, with views of the River Medway and River Thames.

In 2005, the RSPB worked with Medway Council to establish the route on the Hoo Peninsula.

Strood
Strood is a town  in the unitary authority of Medway in Kent, South East England. Strood forms a conurbation with neighbouring towns Rochester, Chatham, Gillingham and Rainham. It lies on the northwest bank of the River Medway at its lowest bridging point.

Strood began as a manor then chapelry of Frindsbury until gaining its own parish status in 1193. Today Frindsbury is effectively, in all but a few associations such as in the Church of England, the northern part of Strood. The history of Strood has been dominated by the River Medway and facing port-associated towns, particularly its road and rail bridges since the Roman era to Rochester and the two other Medway Towns immediately adjoining and beyond from the north-east quarter of Kent to London and the rest of Britain. It has a mixed retail and leisure area at its heart.
2022 Internazionali di Tennis del Friuli Venezia Giulia
The 2022 Serena Wines 1881 Tennis Cup Internazionali di Tennis del Friuli Venezia Giulia was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the nineteenth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2022 ATP Challenger Tour, and the seventh edition of the tournament which was part of the 2022 ITF Women's World Tennis Tour. It took place in Cordenons, Italy between 25 July and 7 August 2022.

Cordenons
Cordenons (Friulian: Cordenòns) is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Pordenone in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) northeast of Pordenone. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 17,738 and an area of 56.8 square kilometres (21.9 mi2).

The municipality of Cordenons comprises the frazioni (boroughs) of Nogaredo, Pasch, Romans, Sclavons, and Villa d'Arco, Tramit.

Cordenons borders the following municipalities: Pordenone, San Giorgio della Richinvelda, San Quirino, Vivaro, Zoppola.