hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vietnamese community of Berlin
Vietnamese people are Berlin's largest South East Asian community, comprising 1.16% of the total population. Areas and localities with significant populations are mostly in the former East Berlin, for instance, Lichtenberg, where people of Vietnamese origin make up 11.8% of the population. Other areas with large numbers of Vietnamese are Mitte, Marzahn-Hellersdorf, and Neukölln.

As of 2014 the German Federal Foreign Office estimated that Berlin had 20,000 Vietnamese people, the largest group of East Asians in Germany. Many Vietnamese operate Spätkauf (late night convenience stores in Berlin), flower shops, and restaurants in the city.

Demographics of Vietnam
Demographic features of the population of Vietnam include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

Ethnic Vietnamese, or the Viet people (known officially as Kinh), mostly live in the lowlands and speak Vietnamese, while other ethnic groups also speak a variety of languages; together, these communities contribute to the country's diverse demographic composition. Originating in northern Vietnam, the Viet gradually pushed southward and make up much of Vietnam's political landscape. A Vietnamese diaspora can also be found worldwide.

Vietnam's population reached just over 100 million in 2023, making it the 15th largest country by population in the world. It is predicted that by 2035, Vietnam will become an aged society.
Savusavu F.C.
Savusavu F.C. is a Fijian football team playing in the second division of the Fiji Football Association competitions. It is based in Savusavu, which is a situated on the southern side of the island of Vanua Levu.

Their uniform includes white shirt with black trim.

Vanua Levu
Vanua Levu (pronounced [βaˈnua ˈleβu], lit. 'Big Land', Fiji Hindi: वानुआ लेवु), formerly known as Sandalwood Island, is the second largest island of Fiji. Located 64 kilometres (40 miles) to the north of the larger Viti Levu, the island has an area of 5,587.1 square kilometres (2,157.2 sq mi) and a population of approximately 160,000 as of 2022.
Three-letter acronym
A three-letter acronym (TLA), or three-letter abbreviation is, as the phrase suggests, an abbreviation consisting of three letters. The term has a special status among abbreviations and to some is considered humorous since the term TLA is itself a three-letter acronym; it is an autological word.

Most TLAs are initialisms (the initial letter of each word of a phrase), but most are not acronyms in the strict sense since they are pronounced by saying each letter, as in APA /ˌeɪpiːˈeɪ/ AY-pee-AY. Some are true acronyms (pronounced as a word) such as CAT (as in CAT scan) which is pronounced as the animal.

Wordplay
Wordplay (also: play-on-words) is a literary technique and a form of wit in which words used become the main subject of the work, primarily for the purpose of intended effect or amusement. Examples of wordplay include puns, phonetic mix-ups such as spoonerisms, obscure words and meanings, clever rhetorical excursions, oddly formed sentences, double entendres, and telling character names (such as in the play The Importance of Being Earnest, Ernest being a given name that sounds exactly like the adjective earnest).

Wordplay is quite common in oral cultures as a method of reinforcing meaning. Examples of text-based (orthographic) wordplay are found in languages with or without alphabet-based scripts, such as homophonic puns in Mandarin Chinese.
Federation of the Swiss Watch Industry
The Federation of the Swiss Watch Industry (FH) is the Swiss watch industry's leading trade association, headquartered in Biel/Bienne, Switzerland. The Federation is a private, professional and non-profit association.

The Federation of the Swiss Watch Industry was established on 19 November 1982 as the result of the merger of the Swiss Federation of Watch Manufacturers’ Associations (founded in 1876) and the Swiss Chamber of Watchmaking (founded in 1924). It currently gathers more than 500 members representing more than 90% of all Swiss watch manufacturers (watches, clocks, movements, components, etc.).

Swiss watchmaking industry
The Swiss watchmaking industry is a major manufacturing sector in Switzerland that produces luxury timepieces and components. Operating primarily in the premium and luxury segments, the industry accounts for approximately 4% of Switzerland's GDP and represents the country's third-largest export sector after chemicals and pharmaceuticals, and machinery. In terms of value, Switzerland is the world's largest exporter of watches, though it produces only about 2% of global watch volume.
Tomás Quiñones
Tomás Quiñones (June 19, 1920 – March 8, 1967), nicknamed "Planchardón", was a Puerto Rican pitcher in the Negro leagues and Mexican League in the 1940s.

A native of Yauco, Puerto Rico, Quiñones pitched for the Indianapolis Clowns in 1947. The 1947 Indianapolis Clowns were among the teams added to the major leagues in 2022. He died in New York, New York in 1967 at age 46.

Indianapolis Clowns
The Indianapolis Clowns were a professional baseball team in the Negro American League. Tracing their origins back to the 1930s, the Clowns were the last of the Negro league teams to disband, continuing to play exhibition games into the 1980s. They began play as the independent Ethiopian Clowns, joined the Negro American League as the Cincinnati Clowns and, after a couple of years, relocated to Indianapolis. Hank Aaron was a Clown for a short period, and the Clowns were also one of the first professional baseball teams to hire a female player.
Koningshooikt
Koningshooikt is a village that since 1977 forms a municipality with Lier in the Belgian province of Antwerp. In the local dialect Koningshooikt is often called Jut or Koningsjut. Koningshooikt was founded on 1 January 1822, when the village Koningsbossen (also known as Koningsbos or 's-Herenbos) were united with quarters Hooikt and Hazendonk, the latter separated from the village Berlaar.

The village is known because of the bus manufacturer Van Hool, the sound recording studio Motormusic Studios and the motorhome constructor Motorhomes Konings.

Antwerp Province
The Antwerp Province (/ˈæntwɜːrp/; Dutch: Provincie Antwerpen [proːˈvɪnsi ˈɑntʋɛrpə(n)]; French: Province d'Anvers; German: Provinz Antwerpen), between 1815 and 1830 known as Central Brabant (Dutch: Midden-Brabant [ˌmɪdə(m)ˈbraːbɑnt], French: Brabant-Central, German: Mittel-Brabant), is the northernmost province both of the Flemish Region, also called Flanders, and of Belgium. It borders on the North Brabant province of the Netherlands to the north and the Belgian provinces of Limburg, Flemish Brabant and East Flanders. Its capital is Antwerp, which includes the Port of Antwerp, the second-largest seaport in Europe. It has an area of 2,876 km2 (1,110 sq mi), and with over 1.92 million inhabitants as of January 2024, is the country's most populous province. The province consists of three arrondissements: Antwerp, Mechelen and Turnhout. The eastern part of the province comprises the main part of the Campine region.
Mikko Latvala
Mikko Tapio Latvala (born 8 July 1980 in Vaasa) is a Finnish pole vaulter. He won a silver medal for his category at the 2001 European Athletics Under-23 Championships in Amsterdam, Netherlands, with his best possible height of 5.50 metres. In 2007, Latvala suffered from multiple serious injuries, including a torn chest muscle as a result of a weightlifting accident in South Africa.

Latvala qualified for the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, by successfully clearing a B-standard height of 5.63 metres from the Finnish Elite Games series in Lapua. He placed twenty-second in the first round of men's pole vault, with a best possible height of 5.45 metres, tying his overall position with Ukraine's Oleksandr Korchmid.

Latvala is also a full-time member of Haapajärven Kiilat, a local track and field club in Haapajärvi, and is coached and trained by his brother Toni.

Lapua
Lapua (Finnish: [ˈlɑpuɑ]; Swedish: Lappo) is a town and municipality in Finland's South Ostrobothnia region.

It is located next to the Lapua River. The town has a population of 14,016
(30 June 2025) and covers an area of 751.82 square kilometres (290.28 sq mi) of
which 13.67 km2 (5.28 sq mi) is water. The population density is 19.01 inhabitants per square kilometre (49.2/sq mi). The municipality is unilingually Finnish.
Cornerboys
Cornerboys is the fifth studio album by the Irish folk band Patrick Street, released in 1996 on Green Linnet Records.

It was recorded at Mt Hollywood Studios Vermont, United States, produced by the band and engineered by Rod Ferrell.

The founding members Andy Irvine, Kevin Burke, Jackie Daly were joined by Ged Foley (guitar and Northumbrian pipes), who replaced Arty McGlynn.

Arty McGlynn
Arty McGlynn (7 August 1944 – 18 December 2019) was an Irish guitarist born in Omagh, County Tyrone. In addition to his solo work, he collaborated with different notable groups such as Patrick Street, Planxty, Four Men and a Dog, De Dannan and the Van Morrison Band. The song I Want Tomorrow by Enya which in fact was her first single, features a guitar solo played by him. He played guitar on the critically acclaimed 1989 Van Morrison album, Avalon Sunset. He also played duo performances and recordings with uilleann piper Liam O'Flynn, and his wife, fiddle player Nollaig Casey.
Dad's Army Museum
The Dad's Army Museum is a museum located in Cage Lane in Thetford in Norfolk, England, dedicated to the BBC comedy series Dad's Army. Many of the outdoor locations were filmed in the local area. The museum is housed in the old fire station at the rear of Thetford Guildhall, which itself stood in for Walmington-on-Sea Town Hall in several of the episodes.

It is run by volunteers who, throughout the year, attend many 1940s events in East Anglia with Jones' Van.

Lance Corporal Jones
Lance Corporal Jack Jones is a fictional Home Guard platoon lance corporal and veteran of the British Empire, first portrayed by Clive Dunn in the BBC television sitcom Dad's Army. His catchphrases are "Don't panic!", "Permission to speak, sir?" and "They don't like it up 'em!". Jones also often recounts, at length, his past military experiences, particularly those in Sudan and India and gives a glimpse to the military traditions and events in the concluding years of the 19th century.
Budaiya Club
Budaiya Club (Arabic: نادي البديع) is a football club based in Budaiya, Bahrain, that competes in the Bahraini Premier League. They play their home games at the Hamad Town Stadium, and their home kit is green with white details.

Budaiya
Al Budaiya (Arabic: البديع) is a coastal town located in the northwestern region of Bahrain Island, in the Northern Governorate of the Kingdom of Bahrain. It neighbors the villages of Diraz and Bani Jamra.
Operation Platinum Fox
Operation Platinum Fox (German: Unternehmen Platinfuchs; Finnish: operaatio Platinakettu) was a German and Finnish military offensive launched during World War II. Platinum Fox took place on the Eastern Front and had the objective of capturing the Barents Sea port of Murmansk. It was part of a larger operation, called Operation Silver Fox (Silberfuchs; Hopeakettu).

3rd Mountain Division (Wehrmacht)
The 3rd Mountain Division (German: 3. Gebirgs-Division) was a formation of the German Wehrmacht during World War II. It was created from the Austrian Army's 5th and 7th Divisions following the Anschluss in 1938.
Grebo people
The Grebo or Glebo people are an ethnic group or subgroup within the larger Kru group of Africa, a language and cultural ethnicity, and to certain of its constituent elements. Within Liberia members of this group are found primarily in Maryland County and Grand Kru County in the southeastern portion of the country, but also in River Gee County and Sinoe County. The Grebo population in Côte d'Ivoire are known as the Krumen and are found in the southwestern corner of it.

A 2001 estimate of the number of Grebo people in Liberia is approximately 387,000. There are an estimated 48,300 Grebo in Côte d'Ivoire, not counting refugees. Precise numbers are lacking, since many have been displaced by the civil war in Liberia during the late 20th and early 21st century.

This Grebo has a long traditional culture that features ritualistic passages and rituals, as well as shrines and divine beliefs that extend into their creation but are extensions of their ancestors and world around them.

Ancestor
In genealogy and evolutionary biology, an ancestor, also known as a forefather, fore-elder, or a forebear, is a parent or (recursively) the parent of an antecedent (i.e., a grandparent, great-grandparent, great-great-grandparent and so forth). Ancestor is "any person from whom one is descended. In law, the person from whom an estate has been inherited."
Parmotrema amboimense
Parmotrema amboimense is a species of lichen in the family Parmeliaceae that is found in Africa. It was first described by Carroll William Dodge in 1959 as a species of Parmelia. Mason Hale transferred it to the genus Parmotrema in 1974. The type collection was made in Cuanza Sul Province (Angola), where it was found growing at an elevation of 1,000 m (3,300 ft); Dodge also noted the presence of the lichen in Cameroon and Uganda. Parmotrema amboimense has a pale olive-buff coloured thallus measuring up to 10 cm (4 in) in diameter.

Carroll William Dodge
Carroll William Dodge (January 20, 1895 – July 21, 1988) was an American mycologist and lichenologist. His major fields of study included human and mammalian parasitic fungi, lichen-associated fungi, and fungi forming subterranean sporophores. His research and publications on Antarctic lichens were substantial, but not well received by the taxonomic community.
Normalizing constant
In probability theory, a normalizing constant or normalizing factor is used to reduce any nonnegative function whose integral is finite to a probability density function.

For example, a Gaussian function can be normalized into a probability density function, which gives the standard normal distribution. In Bayes' theorem, a normalizing constant is used to ensure that the sum of all possible hypotheses equals 1. Other uses of normalizing constants include making the value of a Legendre polynomial at 1 and in the orthogonality of orthonormal functions.

A similar concept has been used in areas other than probability, such as for polynomials.

Likelihood function
A likelihood function (often simply called the likelihood) measures how well a statistical model explains observed data by calculating the probability of seeing that data under different parameter values of the model. It is constructed from the joint probability distribution of the random variable that (presumably) generated the observations. When evaluated on the actual data points, it becomes a function solely of the model parameters.

In maximum likelihood estimation, the model parameter(s) or argument that maximizes the likelihood function serves as a point estimate for the unknown parameter, while the Fisher information (often approximated by the likelihood's Hessian matrix at the maximum) gives an indication of the estimate's precision.

In contrast, in Bayesian statistics, the estimate of interest is the converse of the likelihood, the so-called posterior probability of the parameter given the observed data, which is calculated via Bayes' rule.
2011 Tennislife Cup – Doubles
Daniel Muñoz-de la Nava and Simone Vagnozzi were the defending champions, but Spanish player decided not to participate. Vagnozzi partnered up with Alessio di Mauro, but lost in the semifinals.

Yuri Schukin and Antonio Veić won the title, defeating Hsieh Cheng-peng and Lee Hsin-han 6–7(5–7), 7–5, [10–8] in the final.

Lee Hsin-han
The person who is the subject of this biography has a Chinese name; his family name is Lee.

Lee Hsin-han (Chinese: 李欣翰; born May 19, 1988) is a Taiwanese professional male tennis player. He specializes in doubles.

Lee is a right-handed player and started playing tennis at the age of 7. He has a 54% win rate in singles with 183 wins to date, and a 66% win rate in doubles with 401 wins to date.
Murphy's Brewery
Murphy's Brewery, later known as Heineken Brewery Ireland, Ltd, was founded in Cork, Ireland, in 1856 by James J. Murphy.  By 1906, Murphy's Brewery was Ireland's second largest brewer after Guinness. It was known as Lady's Well Brewery until it was purchased by Heineken N.V. in 1983, when the name changed to  Murphy Brewery Ireland Ltd. The name of the brewery was changed to Heineken Brewery Ireland, Ltd in 2001. The brewery produces Heineken, Murphy's Irish Stout and other Heineken products for the Irish market.

Heineken
Heineken Lager Beer (Dutch: Heineken Pilsener), or simply Heineken (pronounced [ˈɦɛinəkə(n)]), is a Dutch pale lager beer with 5% alcohol by volume, produced by the Dutch brewing company Heineken N.V. It is typically sold in a green bottle with a red star.
Tell Wardiyat
Tell Wardiyat (Arabic: تل ورديات, Syriac: ܬܰܠ ܘܰܪܕܺܝܰܬ), is a village located in al-Hasakah Governorate in northeastern Syria. The village is inhabited by Assyrians belonging to the Assyrian Church of the East and the Syriac Orthodox Church.

Al-Hasakah Governorate
Al-Hasakah Governorate (Arabic: محافظة الحسكة, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat al-Ḥasakah), officially known as Hasakah Governorate (Kurdish: Parêzgeha Hesekê; Classical Syriac: ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ ܕܚܣܟܗ, romanized: Huparkiyo d'Ḥasake, and also known as ܓܙܪܬܐ, Gozarto) is one of the fourteen governorates (provinces) of Syria. It is located in the far north-east corner of Syria and distinguished by its fertile lands, plentiful water, natural environment, and more than one hundred archaeological sites. It was formerly known as Al-Jazira Province. Prior to the Syrian civil war nearly half of Syria's oil was extracted from the region. It is the lower part of Upper Mesopotamia.

Most of the territory is controlled by the Democratic Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria (DAANES), which as part of the ongoing Rojava conflict, on 21 January 2014 declared democratic autonomy on the area of Al-Hasakah Governorate as the Jazira Region, the largest of the three original regions of DAANES.
Cannoli
Cannoli are Sicilian pastries consisting of a tube-shaped shell of fried pastry dough, filled with a sweet and creamy filling containing ricotta cheese. Their size ranges from 9 to 20 centimetres (3+1⁄2 to 8 in). In mainland Italy, the food is commonly known as cannolo siciliano (lit. 'Sicilian cannoli').

In culinary traditions across Sicily, regional variations in cannoli fillings reflect local preferences and ingredient availability. In Palermo, cannoli are decorated with candied orange zest, adding a citrusy sweetness to the ricotta filling. In Catania, chopped pistachios are favored, adding a distinctive nutty flavor and texture. Ramacca is known for its purple artichokes, which also feature as filling in some cannoli recipes.

Pistachio
The pistachio (/pɪˈstɑːʃioʊ, -ˈstæʃ-/, UK also /pɪˈstætʃ(i)oʊ/; Pistacia vera) is a small to medium-sized tree  of the cashew family. The tree produces seeds that are widely consumed as food.

In 2022, world production of pistachios was one million tonnes, with the United States, Iran, and Turkey combined accounting for 88% of the total.
Dale Hadley Vitt
Dale Hadley Vitt (born February 9, 1944) is an American bryologist and peatland ecologist, recognized as a leading expert on peatlands. From 1989 to 1991 he was the president of the American Bryological and Lichenological Society.

American Bryological and Lichenological Society
The American Bryological and Lichenological Society is an organization devoted to the scientific study of all aspects of the biology of bryophytes and lichen-forming fungi and is one of the nation's oldest botanical organizations. It was originally known as the Sullivant Moss Society, named after William Starling Sullivant. The Society publishes a quarterly journal distributed worldwide, The Bryologist, which includes articles on all aspects of the biology of mosses, hornworts, liverworts and lichens. The Society also publishes the quarterly journal Evansia, which is intended for both amateurs and professionals in bryology and lichenology and is focused on North America.
Superior Court of Justice (Brazil)
The Superior Court of Justice (Portuguese: Superior Tribunal de Justiça, also known as STJ, IPA: [ˌɛsiteˈʒɔtɐ]) is the highest appellate court in Brazil for non-constitutional issues regarding federal law. The STJ also has original jurisdiction over some cases. Its jurisdiction is provided for in Article 105 of the Brazilian Constitution.

A Special Appeal (in Portuguese, Recurso Especial) can be made to this court when a judgement by any of the country's appellate courts goes against a federal statutory provision or when said courts have issued different interpretations of the same federal statute.

By rule, the STJ decides only issues of law, and does not analyze any factual issues pertaining the cases' probatory elements, about which the appellate courts give the last word.

As in other superior courts in Brazil, STJ's justices are called "ministers" (Portuguese: ministros), not to be confused with ministers from the executive branch.

Constitution of Brazil
The Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil or 1988 Federal Constitution (Portuguese: Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil ou Constituição Federal de 1988) is the supreme law of Brazil. It is the foundation and source of the legal authority underlying the existence of Brazil and the federal government of Brazil. It replaced the autocratic 1967 constitution capping 21 years of military dictatorship and establishing Brazil's current republic, often referred to as the New Republic. Made in the light of the Brazilian transition to democracy, it resignified the role of the state in the citizens' lives, providing a vast system of human and individual rights protection, social welfare, and democratic tools.
Marmaduke Constable (died 1545)
Sir Marmaduke Constable (c. 1480 – 14 September 1545), of Everingham, Yorkshire, was an English soldier and Member of Parliament. He was the great-grandfather of the poet, Henry Constable, author of Diana, one of the first sonnet sequences in English.

Ripley, North Yorkshire
Ripley is a village and civil parish in North Yorkshire in England, a few miles north of Harrogate on the A61 road towards Ripon. The village name derives from Old English and is believed to mean wood of the Hrype or Ripon people.

Until 1974 it was part of the West Riding of Yorkshire. From 1974 to 2023 it was part of the Borough of Harrogate; it is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council.
Technetium (99mTc) mertiatide
Technetium (99mTc) mertiatide  is a radiopharmaceutical medication used in nuclear medicine to image the kidneys. It is a renal imaging agent that is given by intravenous injection.

It was approved for medical use in the United States in June 1990.

Nuclear medicine
Nuclear medicine (nuclear radiology) is a medical specialty involving the application of radioactive substances in the diagnosis and treatment of disease. Nuclear imaging is, in a sense, radiology done inside out, because it records radiation emitted from within the body rather than radiation that is transmitted through the body from external sources like X-ray generators. In addition, nuclear medicine scans differ from radiology, as the emphasis is not on imaging anatomy, but on the function. For this reason, it is called a physiological imaging modality. Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) scans are the two most common imaging modalities in nuclear medicine.