hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Raid on Dhu Amarr
The raid on Amarr (Arabic: غزوة ذي أمر), also known as the Raid on Ghatafan, occurred directly after the Invasion of Sawiq in the year A.H. 3 of the Islamic calendar, March 625. The expedition was ordered by Muhammad after he received intelligence that the Banu Muharib and Banu Thalabah tribes were planning to raid the outskirts of Madinah. Therefore, Muhammad launched a pre-emptive strike with 450 men.

When the enemies heard of the imminent arrival of Muhammad, they quickly fled. The Muslims also captured a man who later converted to Islam and acted as their guide.

This event is mentioned in Ibn Hisham's biography of Muhammad, and other historical sources.

Ibn Hisham
Abu Muhammad Abd al-Malik ibn Hisham ibn Ayyub al-Himyari (Arabic: أَبُو مُحَمَّدٌ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنُ هِشَامٍ بْنُ أَيُّوبَ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ, romanized: Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Hishām ibn Ayyūb al-Ḥimyarī; died 7 May 833), known simply as Ibn Hisham, was a 9th-century Abbasid historian and scholar. He grew up in Basra, in modern-day Iraq and later moved to Egypt.
5176 Yoichi
5176 Yoichi (provisional designation 1989 AU) is a background asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 17 kilometers (11 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 4 January 1989 by Japanese astronomers Seiji Ueda and Hiroshi Kaneda at the Kushiro Observatory on Hokkaido, Japan. The likely elongated asteroid has a brightness variation of 0.45 magnitude and occulted a star in the constellation Cetus in November 2014. It was named for the Japanese town of Yoichi.

Seiji Ueda
Seiji Ueda (上田 清二, Ueda Seiji; born 1952) is a Japanese astronomer. He is a prolific discoverer of minor planets. Between 1987 and 2000, Ueda (in collaboration with Hiroshi Kaneda) discovered 705 asteroids.

He holds an MD and PhD from Stanford University and is on the staff at the Graduate University for Advanced Study in Japan. The inner main-belt asteroid 4676 Uedaseiji, discovered in 1990, is named for him.
Estavillo (surname)
Estavillo is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

María Elena Estavillo Flores, Mexican economist

Jason Wallace Estavillo, CEO and Founder of Estavillo Law Group

Nicholas Estavillo (born 1945), Puerto Rican United States Marine and police officer

Vicente Estavillo (born 1955), Uruguayan footballer

María Elena Estavillo Flores
María Elena Estavillo Flores is a Mexican economist, academic and former Commissioner of the Federal Telecommunications Institute. She holds a bachelor's degree in economics from ITESM as well as M.A. and PhD in economics from the University of Paris. In 2016 and 2017 consecutively, she was featured in Forbes magazine as one of the country's most powerful women. She was also listed as one of the most relevant women in the field in the world by "Global Competition Review".
Eremothyris tabulatrix
Eremothyris tabulatrix is a moth of the family Yponomeutidae. It is only known from Madagascar.

The wingspan is about 19 mm for the males and the holotype was provided from Île Sainte-Marie, an island off the east coast of Madagascar.

Nosy Boraha
Nosy Boraha [ˈnuʃ buˈrahə̥], also known as Sainte-Marie, main town Ambodifotatra, is an island off the east coast of Madagascar. The island forms an administrative district within Analanjirofo Region, and covers an area of 222 km2. 
It has a population estimated at 30,000.

Nosy Boraha is known for its preserved character, whale watching, beautiful beaches, and history as a pirate haven.
Lübeck Marzipan
Lübeck Marzipan (German: Lübecker Marzipan) refers to marzipan originating from the city of Lübeck in northern Germany and has been protected by an EU Council Directive as a “Protected Geographical Indication” (PGI) since 1996.

The quality requirements of Lübeck Marzipan are set higher than those of conventional marzipan and are regulated by the RAL German Institute for Quality Assurance and Classification. For a product to qualify as Lübeck Marzipan, a product must contain no more than 30% sugar, while the Lübeck Fine Marzipan must contain up to 10% sugar.

The marzipan manufacturers of Lübeck such as Niederegger, Carstens, Lubeca or Marzipan-Land, however, follow some principles of quality by voluntary commitments, not required by the directive. Niederegger, for example, uses 100% almond paste and no sugar.

Directive (European Union)
A directive is a legal act of the European Union which requires member states to achieve particular goals without dictating how the member states achieve those goals. A directive's goals have to be made the goals of one or more new or changed national laws by the member states before this legislation applies to individuals residing in the member states. Directives normally leave member states with a certain amount of leeway as to the exact rules to be adopted. Directives can be adopted by means of a variety of legislative procedures depending on their subject matter.

The text of a draft directive (if subject to the co-decision process, as contentious matters usually are) is prepared by the Commission after consultation with its own and national experts. The draft is presented to the Parliament and the Council—composed of relevant ministers of member governments, initially for evaluation and comment and then subsequently for approval or rejection.
Tinder Live
Tinder Live is a stand-up comedy show created and hosted by comedian Lane Moore where she goes on the dating app Tinder and interacts with Tinder matches in real time. During the show, Moore projects Tinder profiles in front of an audience and panelists help her dissect profiles before swiping left (no) or right (yes).

Featured guests include David Cross, Janeane Garofalo, Amber Tamblyn, Sasheer Zamata, Ed Solomon, Lamorne Morris, David Koechner, Jon Glaser, Hari Kondabolu, Aparna Nancherla, Mara Wilson, Stacy London, Ashley Nicole Black, Jo Firestone, Laura Benanti, Amanda Knox, Stephanie March, James Urbaniak, Lizz Winstead, Heather Matarazzo, Scott Adsit, Grace Helbig, and musicians like Sondre Lerche, JD Samson, and Jean Grae.

Lizz Winstead
Lizz Winstead (born July 5, 1961) is an American comedian, radio and television personality, abortion rights activist, and podcast host. A native of Minnesota, Winstead is the co-creator of The Daily Show along with Madeleine Smithberg, and served as head writer and one of the original correspondents. Winstead is the founder and chief creative officer of Abortion Access Front, a nonprofit made up of “activists, writers and producers and comedians that uses humor to destigmatize abortion” and fight against anti-abortion forces nationwide.
James Dickson (New Zealand politician)
James McColl Dickson (1854 – 16 March 1937) was a Reform Party Member of Parliament in New Zealand.

Dickson was born in Victoria in 1854. He came to Otago as a nine-year-old and continued his schooling there. Together with his brother, he was for many years a sawmiller. He then had a farm at Portobello for the next 40 years breeding stock.

Dickson was a member of the Portobello School Committee. In 1911, he was voted onto the Otago Harbour Board and served for three terms as chairman. He first stood for Parliament in the 1911 election in the Chalmers electorate but missed out to reach the second ballot by less than 100 votes. He won the Chalmers electorate in the 1914 general election, and held it to 1928, when he retired.

Dickson's wife died before him. Dickson lived at his son-in-law's place in the Dunedin suburb of Roslyn when he died on 16 March 1937. He was survived by three sons and two daughters.

Otago Harbour
Otago Harbour is the natural harbour of Dunedin, New Zealand, consisting of a long, much-indented stretch of generally navigable water separating the Otago Peninsula from the mainland. They join at its southwest end, 21 km (13 mi) from the harbour mouth. It is home to Dunedin's two port facilities, Port Chalmers (half way along the harbour) and at Dunedin's wharf (at the harbour's end). The harbour has been of significant economic importance for approximately 700 years, as a sheltered harbour and fishery, then deep water port.
PRMT7
Protein arginine methyltransferase 7 (PRMT7) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PRMT7 gene. Arginine methylation is an apparently irreversible protein modification catalyzed by arginine methyltransferases, such as PRMT7, using S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) as the methyl donor. Arginine methylation is implicated in signal transduction, RNA transport, and RNA splicing.

PRMT7 was initially identified as a Type II protein lysine methyltransferase, indicating its role in the symmetric dimethylation of arginine residues. However, it was later reclassified as a Type III protein lysine methyltransferase, meaning it facilitates the mono-methylation of arginine residues. As of 2023, PRMT7 remains the sole member of the Type III PRMT category.

Methylation
Methylation, in the chemical sciences, is the addition of a methyl group on a substrate, or the substitution of an atom (or group) by a methyl group. Methylation is a form of alkylation, with a methyl group replacing a hydrogen atom.  These terms are commonly used in chemistry, biochemistry, soil science, and biology.

In biological systems, methylation is catalyzed by enzymes; such methylation can be involved in modification of heavy metals, regulation of gene expression, regulation of protein function, and RNA processing. In vitro methylation of tissue samples is also a way to reduce some histological staining artifacts. The reverse of methylation is demethylation.
Kutana
Kutana (Russian: Кутана) is the name of several rural localities in the Sakha Republic, Russia:

Kutana, Suntarsky District, Sakha Republic, a selo in Kutaninsky Rural Okrug of Suntarsky District of the Sakha Republic

Kutana, Aldansky District, Sakha Republic, a selo in Anaminsky National Rural Okrug of Aldansky District of the Sakha Republic

Aldansky District
Aldansky District (Russian: Алда́нский улу́с; Yakut: Алдан улууһа, Aldan uluuha, [aldan uluːha]) is an administrative and municipal district (raion, or ulus), one of the thirty-four in the Sakha Republic, Russia.
Ranchman's Ponder Steakhouse
Ranchman's Ponder Steakhouse previously named Ranchman's Cafe was a diner in Ponder, TX from 1948 to 2023. Ranchman's was known for its steaks, chicken-fried steaks, and pies. The location was featured on Food Network's FoodNation with Bobby Flay as well as being featured in the 1967 film Bonnie and Clyde. The location is said to be the location where 1986 Pulitzer Prize winning novel Lonesome Dove got its name according to the book's author Larry McMurtry.

Lonesome Dove
Lonesome Dove is a 1985 epic Western novel by American writer Larry McMurtry. It is the first published book of the Lonesome Dove series and the third installment in the series chronologically. It was a bestseller and won the 1986 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction. In 1989, it was adapted as a TV miniseries starring Tommy Lee Jones and Robert Duvall, which won both critical and popular acclaim. McMurtry went on to write a sequel, Streets of Laredo (1993), and two prequels, Dead Man's Walk (1995) and Comanche Moon (1997), all of which were also adapted as TV series.
Oxalis micrantha
Oxalis micrantha is a botanical synonym of two species of plant:

Oxalis corniculata, widespread species the synonym published in 1877 by Wenceslas Bojer and August Progel

Oxalis laxa, a species from South America the synonym published in 1829 by Carlo Giuseppe Bertero

Wenceslas Bojer
Wenceslas Bojer (Czech: Václav Bojer, German: Wenzel Bojer; 23 September 1795 – 4 June 1856) was a Czech naturalist, botanist and botanical illustrator. The standard author abbreviation Bojer is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.
Dominik Rainer Radziwiłł
Prince Dominik Rainer Radziwiłł (22 January 1911 – 19 November 1976) was a Polish aristocrat and officer of the Polish Army.

His father, Prince Hieronim Mikołaj Radziwiłł, was deported to a gulag during the Soviet occupation of Poland and died on 6 April 1945. His mother was Archduchess Renata of Austria (1888-1937).

Polish Land Forces
The Land Forces (Polish: Wojska Lądowe) are the ground forces of the Polish Armed Forces. They currently contain some 110,000 active personnel and form many components of the European Union and NATO deployments around the world. Poland's recorded military history stretches back a millennium – since the 10th century (see List of Polish wars and History of the Polish Army). Poland's modern army was formed after Poland regained independence following World War I in 1918.
Wertheimeria maculata
Wertheimeria maculata is the only species in the genus Wertheimeria of the catfish (order Siluriformes) family Doradidae. This species is endemic to Brazil and is found in the Jequitinhonha and Pardo Rivers. These fish reach a length of 30.0 centimetres (11.8 in) SL. Within its restricted range, W. maculata faces strong human habitat disturbances such as siltation, habitat fragmentation, pollution, and introduced species. This fish has been placed as the sister taxon to all other doradids.

Habitat fragmentation
Habitat fragmentation describes the emergence of discontinuities (fragmentation) in an organism's preferred environment (habitat), causing population fragmentation and  ecosystem decay. Causes of habitat fragmentation include geological processes that slowly alter the layout of the physical environment (suspected of being one of the major causes of speciation), and human activity such as land conversion, which can alter the environment much faster and causes the population fluctuation of many species. More specifically, habitat fragmentation is a process by which large and contiguous habitats get divided into smaller, isolated patches of habitats.
Pelagomonas
Pelagomonas is a genus of heterokont algae. It is a monotypic genus and includes a single species, Pelagomonas calceolata which is a unicellular flagellate organism, a ubiquitous constituent of marine picoplankton. It is an ultra-planktonic marine alga.

Flagellate
A flagellate is a cell or organism with one or more whip-like appendages called flagella. The word flagellate also describes a particular construction (or level of organization) characteristic of many prokaryotes and eukaryotes and their means of motion. The term presently does not imply any specific relationship or classification of the organisms that possess flagella. However, several derivations of the term "flagellate" (such as "dinoflagellate" and "choanoflagellate") are more formally characterized.
Craig Pittman (writer)
Craig Pittman is an American columnist and author of books who has written mostly about Florida. He was a reporter and columnist for the Tampa Bay Times for thirty-one years before becoming a weekly columnist for the Florida Phoenix, a newsroom in the States Newsroom network. He is co-host of the podcast entitled Welcome to Florida and issues a weekly newsletter entitled Oh Florida!, the Newsletter. An award winning series of articles he co-authored was published as, Paving Paradise. In 2020, the Florida Heritage Book Festival honored Pittman as a "Living Legend".

Tampa Bay Times
The Tampa Bay Times, called the St. Petersburg Times until 2011, is an American newspaper published in St. Petersburg, Florida, United States. It is published by the Times Publishing Company, which is owned by The Poynter Institute for Media Studies, a nonprofit journalism school directly adjacent to the University of South Florida St. Petersburg campus.

It has won fourteen Pulitzer Prizes since 1964, and in 2009, won two in a single year for the first time in its history, one of which was for its PolitiFact project.
Wędrzyn
Wędrzyn [ˈvɛndʐɨn]  (German: Wandern) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sulęcin, within Sulęcin County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland.

The oldest known mention of the village comes from 1322 when local Polish Duke Henry IV the Faithful of the Piast dynasty granted it to the Knights Hospitaller. Later on, the village fell to Brandenburg, the Czech Crown, Prussia and Germany in 1871, before being reintegrated with Poland after the World War II in 1945. In the 1930s, a military training ground was built nearby.

Henry IV the Faithful
Henry IV (II) the Faithful (Polish: Henryk IV (II) Wierny) (c. 1292 – 22 January 1342) was a Duke of Żagań and parts of Greater Poland from 1309 until 1317 (with his brothers in all the lands except Głogów in different divisions among them), Duke of Głogów from 1318 until 1321 (with his brother as co-ruler) and sole ruler over Żagań from 1321 until his death.

He was the oldest son of Henry III (I), Duke of Głogów, by his wife Matilda, daughter of Albert I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg. The nickname of "Faithful" (Wierny) only was given to him in the 14th-century chronicles.
Oleksandr Yatsenko
Oleksandr Ivanovych Yatsenko (Ukrainian: Олександр Іванович Яценко; born 24 February 1985) is a Ukrainian former football player. He currently works at Helios Kharkiv youth academy. He played as a defender.

FC Helios Kharkiv
FC Helios Kharkiv (FC Gelios) is a Ukrainian football club located in Kharkiv, Ukraine. From 2003 to 2018 the club competed at professional level. In 2018 it was expected to be succeeded by FC Kobra Kharkiv, but unsuccessfully. FC Helios dissolved its professional team, but kept its football academy which competes at regional level.
Dorus Rijkers
Theodorus "Dorus" Rijkers (27 January 1847 – 19 April 1928) was a famous Dutch lifeboat captain and folk hero, most famous for his sea rescues of 487 shipwrecked victims over a total of 38 rescue operations, and at least 25 before joining the lifeboat-service.

Folk hero
A folk hero or national hero is a type of hero – real, fictional or mythological – with their name, personality and deeds embedded in the popular consciousness of a people, mentioned frequently in folk songs, folk tales and other folklore; and with modern trope status in literature, art and films.
Zygmunt Żuławski
Zygmunt Żuławski (Polish pronunciation: [ˈzɨɡmunt ʐuˈwafskʲi]; 31 July 1880 in Młynne, Austria-Hungary – 4 September 1949 in Kraków) was a Polish politician, association activist, and socialist. He was a member of:

The Polish Social Democratic Party of Galicia, from 1904

The Polish Socialist Party, 1919-1939

The Polska Partia Socjalistyczna - Wolność-Równość-Niepodległość, 1940-1945

The Komisja Centralna Związków Zawodowych, 1922-1939

The Odrodzona Polska Partia Socjalistyczna, 1945–1946.

He held the position of:

Deputy of the sejm, 1919-1935

Deputy of the State National Council, 1946-1947

Deputy of the Legislative Sejm, from 1947.

In 1980 Żuławski published a book entitled Wspomnienia.

Polish Social Democratic Party of Galicia
Polish Social Democratic Party of Galicia (Polish: Polska Partia Socjalno-Demokratyczna Galicji) was a political party in Galicia. The party was formed in 1890 as the Galician territorial organization of the Social Democratic Workers Party of Austria. In 1892 it took the name Social Democratic Party of Galicia (Galicyjska Partia Socjaldemokratyczna or Socjaldemokratyczna Partia Galicji). After a 1907 split, which led to the formation of the Ukrainian Social Democratic Party, the word 'Polish' was added to the party name. It was also known as Polish Social Democratic Party of Galicia and Cieszyn Silesia (Polska Partia Socjalno-Demokratyczna Galicji i Śląska Cieszyńskiego). From 1904 it closely worked with Polish Socialist Party, into which it was merged in 1919.
Pax (goddess)
Pax (Latin for Peace), more commonly known in English as Peace, was the Roman goddess of peace derived and adopted from the ancient Greek equivalent Eirene. Pax was seen as the daughter of the Roman king god Jupiter and the goddess Justice. Worship of Peace was organized and made popular during the rule of the emperor Augustus who used her imagery to help stabilise the empire after the years of turmoil and civil war of the late republic. Augustus commissioned an altar of peace in her honour on the Campus Martius called Ara Pacis, and the emperor Vespasian built a temple for her on called the Templum Pacis. Pax had a festival held for her on January 30. In art she is commonly depicted holding out olive branches as a peace offering, as well as a caduceus, cornucopia, corn and a sceptre. Pax is also often associated with spring.

Campus Martius
The Campus Martius (Latin for 'Field of Mars'; Italian: Campo Marzio) was a publicly owned area of ancient Rome about 2 square kilometres (490 acres) in extent. In the Middle Ages, it was the most populous area of Rome. The IV rione of Rome, Campo Marzio, which covers a smaller section of the original area, bears the same name.
Unniyachi Charitham
Unniyachi Charitham is considered to be the oldest of the ancient Manipravala Champukas and the first Champukavya in the Malayalam language. It is believed to be written in the 13th century during the Middle Malayalam period. The poem is about Unniyachi, a dancer of Tirumaruthur temple near Tirunelli. Uyyiyachi Charitham has its place in various fields like language, literature, social and national history. Thevar Chirikumaran is mentioned in the poem as its author. It is also mentioned in the poem that Rama Chirikumaran copied the poem in the Palm-leaf manuscript.

Palm-leaf manuscript
Palm-leaf manuscripts were used as writing material in the Indian subcontinent, dating back to as early as the 5th century BCE. Their use began in Nepal and India and spread to other regions, such as Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia, in the form of dried and smoke-treated Palmyra or talipot palm leaves.
Their use continued until the 19th century when the printing press replaced hand-written manuscripts.

One of the oldest surviving complete palm leaf manuscripts is a Sanskrit Shaivism text from the 9th century, discovered in Nepal, and now preserved at the Cambridge University Library. The Spitzer Manuscript is a collection of palm leaf fragments found in Kizil Caves, China. They are dated to around the 2nd century CE and is in Buddhist hybrid Sanskrit.
Radio Bihać
Radio Bihać is a Bosnian local public radio station, broadcasting from Bihać, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Radio Bihać was launched on 28 March 1966 by the municipal council of Bihać. In Yugoslavia and in SR Bosnia and Herzegovina, it was part of local/municipal Radio Sarajevo network affiliate.

This radio station broadcasts a variety of programs such as music, sport, local news and talk shows. Program is mainly produced in Bosnian language.

For the oldest radio station in Una-Sana Canton and in the town of Bihać, estimated number of potential listeners of Radio Bihać is around 53,399.

Due to the favorable geographical position in Bosanska Krajina area, this radiostation is also available in municipalities: Cazin, Bužim, Bosanska Krupa, Velika Kladuša, Prijedor and in a part of the Lika-Senj County in neighboring Croatia. Radio Bihać is also available via IPTV platform Moja TV on channel 187.

Bosanska Krupa
Bosanska Krupa (Serbian Cyrillic: Босанска Крупа) is a city located in the Una-Sana Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. As of 2013, it has a population of 29,659 inhabitants.

It is situated on the banks of river Una in northwestern Bosnia and Herzegovina, 30 km (19 mi) northeast from Bihać (350 km away from Sarajevo).
Oh, What Songs of the Heart
"Oh, What Songs of the Heart" is a Mormon hymn, the text of which was written by Joseph L. Townsend, a Latter-day Saint poet who lived in the late 19th and early 20th century. The music was written by Latter-day Saint musician William Clayson. It is one of the few hymns of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints that implies the existence of a Heavenly Mother.

Mormon poetry
Mormon poetry (or Latter Day Saint poetry) is poetry written by members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) about spiritual topics or themes. Mormons have a long history of writing poetry relevant to their religious beliefs and to the Mormon experience. Mormon poetry, like Mormon fiction, has experienced different periods throughout the LDS Church's history, including the "home literature" period and the "lost generation." Some Mormon poetry became church hymns.