hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Small nucleolar RNA SNORD48
In molecular biology, SNORD48 (also known as U48)  is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the modification of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is usually located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and also often referred to as a guide RNA.

U48 belongs to the C/D box class of snoRNAs which contain the conserved sequence motifs known as the C box (UGAUGA) and the D box (CUGA). Most of the members of the box C/D family function in directing site-specific 2'-O-methylation of substrate RNAs.

This snoRNA was originally cloned from HeLa cells and experimentally verified by northern blotting. SNORD48 is predicted to guide the
2'O-ribose methylation of 28S rRNA C2279. In the human genome this snoRNA is located in the introns of the same host gene (C6orf48) as another C/D box snoRNA U52 (also known as SNORD52).

Nucleolus
The nucleolus (/njuːˈkliːələs, ˌnjuːkliˈoʊləs/; pl.: nucleoli /-laɪ/) is the largest structure in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. It is best known as the site of ribosome biogenesis. The nucleolus also participates in the formation of signal recognition particles and plays a role in the cell's response to stress. Nucleoli are made of proteins, DNA and RNA, and form around specific chromosomal regions called nucleolar organizing regions.  Malfunction of the nucleolus is the cause of several human conditions called "nucleolopathies" and the nucleolus is being investigated as a target for cancer chemotherapy.
Palagummi Sainath
Palagummi Sainath (born 13 May 1957) is an Indian columnist and author of the acclaimed book Everybody Loves a Good Drought. He has extensively written on rural India, his notable interests are poverty, structural inequities, caste discrimination and farmers protests.

He founded the People's Archive of Rural India (PARI) in 2014, an online platform that focuses on social and economic inequality, rural affairs, poverty, and the aftermath of globalization in India. He was a senior fellow at Tricontinental: Institute for Social Research, and was earlier the Rural Affairs Editor at The Hindu until his resignation in 2014.

He has received many awards for his journalism. The economist Amartya Sen called him "one of the world's great experts on famine and hunger". His book Everybody Loves a Good Drought is a collection of his field reports as a journalist, and focuses on different aspects of rural deprivation in India.

Columnist
A columnist is a person who writes for publication in a series, creating an article that usually offers commentary and opinions. Columns appear in newspapers, magazines and other publications, including blogs. They take the form of a short essay by a specific writer who offers a personal point of view. Columns are sometimes written by a composite or a team, appearing under a pseudonym, or (in effect) a brand name. Columnists typically write daily or weekly columns. Some columns are later collected and reprinted in book form.
Encyclopædia Britannica (third edition)
The third edition (1797) of the Encyclopædia Britannica was an encyclopedia published in eighteen volumes in quarto by Colin Macfarquhar and Andrew Bell, in Edinburgh, Scotland. It represented a continuation of the encyclopedia founded by Bell and Macfarquhar in 1768. The third edition was the largest general encyclopedia to date in the English language, and the first one compiled by more than a handful of contributors.

Thomas Dobson (printer)
Thomas Dobson (1751 near Edinburgh, Scotland – 1823 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) was a master printer most famous for having published the earliest American version of the Encyclopædia Britannica, and the first in the United States to publish a complete Hebrew Bible.
Mizuno Tadanori
Mizuno Tadanori (水野忠敬, August 6, 1851 – August 18, 1907) was the 8th and final daimyō of Numazu Domain in Suruga Province, Honshū, Japan (modern-day Shizuoka Prefecture), and 15th hereditary head of the Numazu-Mizuno clan.

Numazu Domain
Numazu Domain (沼津藩, Numazu-han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan located in Suruga Province.  It was centered on Numazu Castle in what is now the city of Numazu, in modern-day Shizuoka Prefecture.
Mill Creek (Des Plaines River tributary)
Mill Creek is a tributary of the Des Plaines River, roughly 15 miles (24 km) long and located entirely within Lake County, Illinois. Mill Creek begins in the village of Grayslake and flows into the Des Plaines River at the 26.5 river mile within the village of Gurnee. Upkeep is done by the Lake County Forest Preserve District.

Lake County Forest Preserves
The Lake County Forest Preserves is a government agency headquartered in Libertyville, Illinois, United States. It acts as principal guardian of Lake County's open space and natural areas since 1958. It is focused on preservation, restoration, education and recreation. It is the second largest forest preserve district in Illinois.
Squalius castellanus
Squalius castellanus, the Gallo chub, is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Leuciscidae, which includes the daces, Eurasian minnows and related fishes. The species is endemic to the Gallo River drainages in central Spain.

Gallo (river)
The Gallo is a river in the centre of the Iberian Peninsula, a right-bank tributary of the Tagus. It joins the Tagus in the latter's upper course.

It has its source in the Sierra del Tremedal, close to the municipality of Orihuela del Tremedal (province of Teruel). It has a length of 85 km. The river bends to the north in the settlement of Orihuela del Tremedal and it enters the province of Guadalajara.

It discharges into the Tagus near the San Pedro Bridge.
Foxe Basin
Foxe Basin is a shallow oceanic basin north of Hudson Bay, in Nunavut, Canada, located between Baffin Island and the Melville Peninsula. For most of the year, it is blocked by sea ice (fast ice) and drift ice made up of multiple ice floes.

The nutrient-rich cold waters found in the basin are especially favourable to phytoplankton and the numerous islands within it are important bird habitats, including Sabine's gulls and many types of shorebirds. Bowhead whales migrate to the northern part of the basin each summer.

The basin takes its name from the English explorer Luke Foxe who entered the lower part in 1631.

Oceanic basin
In hydrology, an oceanic basin (or ocean basin) is anywhere on Earth that is covered by seawater. Geologically, most of the ocean basins are large geologic basins that are below sea level.

Most commonly the ocean is divided into basins following the continents distribution: the North and South Atlantic (together approximately 75 million km2/ 29 million mi2), North and South Pacific (together approximately 155 million km2/ 59 million mi2), Indian Ocean (68 million km2/ 26 million mi2) and Arctic Ocean (14 million km2/ 5.4 million mi2). Also recognized is the Southern Ocean (20 million km2/ 7 million mi2). All ocean basins collectively cover 67% of the Earth's surface, and together they contain almost 97% of all water on the planet. They have an average depth of almost 4 km (about 2.5 miles).
5-simplex
In five-dimensional geometry, a 5-simplex is a self-dual regular 5-polytope. It has six vertices, 15 edges, 20 triangle faces, 15 tetrahedral cells, and 6 5-cell facets. It has a dihedral angle of cos−1(⁠1/5⁠), or approximately 78.46°.

The 5-simplex is a solution to the problem: Make 20 equilateral triangles using 15 matchsticks, where each side of every triangle is exactly one matchstick.

Coxeter element
In mathematics, a Coxeter element is an element of an irreducible Coxeter group which is a product of all simple reflections. The product depends on the order in which they are taken, but different orderings produce conjugate elements, which have the same order. This order is known as the Coxeter number. They are named after British-Canadian geometer H.S.M. Coxeter, who introduced the groups in 1934 as abstractions of reflection groups.
Tevahiarii Teraiarue
Tevahiarii Teraiarue (born 1990) is a French Polynesian politician and member of the Assembly of French Polynesia. He is a member of Tāvini Huiraʻatira.

Teraiarue is a farmer. In 2020 he was elected delegate-mayor of Tiva, but his predecessor Maima Bennet refused to step down, resulting in a court case.

He was elected to the Assembly of French Polynesia at the 2023 French Polynesian legislative election.

Tāvini Huiraʻatira
Tāvini Huiraʻatira (lit. 'People's Servant'  or 'Serve the People'), also known as Tāvini huiraʻatira nō te ao māʻohi – FLP (lit. 'Serving the Maohi people'  or 'Servant of the Maohi people'), is a pro-independence political party in French Polynesia. Founded in 1977 as the Front de libération de la Polynésie (FLP), the party has been led since its inception by Oscar Temaru. From 2004 to 2013 it was part of the Union for Democracy (UPLD) coalition.

The party has primarily been in the opposition, but between 2004 and 2013 governed French Polynesia at various times as part of various coalition arrangements.
Hopetoun railway station
Hopetoun railway station was a railway station in Hopetoun, Victoria on the Patchewollock railway line. It was opened in April 1894 and closed to passengers in 1976 with the cessation of the railmotor service from Murtoa railway station. By 1956, the telegraph equipment was removed, by 1970, the turntable was removed and by 1977, the Station master was removed. The station building has since been removed, and only the Grain silos/goods shed remains.

Station master
The station master (or stationmaster) is the person in charge of a railway station, particularly in the United Kingdom and many other countries outside North America. In the United Kingdom, where the term originated, it is now largely historical or colloquial, with the contemporary term being station manager. However, the term station master remains current on many heritage railways, and also in many countries outside the United Kingdom, notably the extensive Indian Railways network.

Historically a male occupation, women were sometimes appointed to the position, and the gender variation station mistress was sometimes employed in such cases. In the United States the role is commonly termed station agent.
Apple doll
An apple doll, also known as an apple-head or applehead doll, is a North American folk craft in which the doll's head is made from a dried apple. In modern times, apple dolls are mostly used as decorations or to display craftsmanship, rather than as children's toys. Because of the different effects drying produces, no two dolls are alike.

Artisan
An artisan (from French: artisan, Italian: artigiano) is a skilled craft worker who makes or creates material objects partly or entirely by hand. These objects may be functional or strictly decorative, for example furniture, decorative art, sculpture, clothing, food items, household items, and tools and mechanisms such as the handmade clockwork movement of a watchmaker. Artisans practice a craft and may through experience and aptitude reach the expressive levels of an artist.
Wadeana
Wadeana is a small genus of lichen-forming fungi in the division Ascomycota. Its to other taxa within the division is unknown (incertae sedis), and it has not yet been placed with certainty into any class, order, or family. The genus was established in 1978 by the British lichenologists Brian Coppins and Peter James, who named it after the veteran naturalist Arthur Edward Wade for his decades of work studying British lichens. These bark-dwelling lichens live almost completely hidden within the outer layers of tree bark and produce distinctive crack-like fruiting bodies with bright red-brown internal colouring.

Paraphyses
Paraphyses are erect sterile filament-like support structures occurring among the reproductive apparatuses of fungi, ferns, bryophytes and some thallophytes.  The singular form of the word is paraphysis.

In certain fungi, they are part of the fertile spore-bearing layer. More specifically, paraphyses are sterile filamentous hyphal end cells composing part of the hymenium of Ascomycota and Basidiomycota interspersed among either the asci or basidia respectively, and not sufficiently differentiated to be called cystidia, which are specialized, swollen, often protruding cells.  The tips of paraphyses may contain the pigments which colour the hymenium.

In ferns and mosses, they are filament-like structures that are found on sporangia. They are found between clusters of archegonia and antheridia.
Death of Rey Rivera
The body of Rey Rivera was found on May 24, 2006, inside the historic Belvedere Hotel in the Mount Vernon neighborhood of Baltimore, Maryland, United States. Although the event was ruled a probable suicide by the Baltimore Police Department, the circumstances of Rivera's death are mysterious and disputed.

Agora, Inc.
Agora, Inc. is a Baltimore, Maryland-based network for over thirty companies in the publishing, information services, and real estate industries. Agora was founded in 1978, in the Mount Vernon neighborhood of Baltimore, Maryland. The Agora Companies operate independently from cities around the world.
Startopia
Startopia is a video game by Mucky Foot Productions (formed by ex-Bullfrog employees) and published by Eidos in June 2001, in which the player administers various space stations with the task of developing them into popular hubs. The game has a comical overtone, with lighthearted humour and cartoonish aliens. The game was re-released on GOG.com in September 2012 and was added to the Steam catalogue in October 2013.

Startopia was shortlisted for BAFTA PC Game of the Year in 2001.

GOG.com
GOG.com (formerly Good Old Games) is a digital distribution platform for video games and films. It is operated by GOG sp. z o.o., which was a wholly owned subsidiary of CD Projekt until December 2025, based in Warsaw, Poland. CD Projekt sold GOG to co-founder Michał Kiciński in December 2025.

GOG.com delivers DRM-free video games through its digital platform for Microsoft Windows, macOS and Linux.
Ed Cooper (ice hockey)
Edward William Cooper (born August 28, 1960) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey forward who played 49 games in the National Hockey League for the Colorado Rockies. Cooper was born in Loon Lake, Saskatchewan, but grew up in Biggar, Saskatchewan.

Loon Lake, Saskatchewan
Loon Lake (2016 population: 288) is a village in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within the Rural Municipality of Loon Lake No. 561 and Census Division No. 17. The Makwa Sahgaiehcan First Nation reserve is to the east of the village. The village is located on Highway 26 north-east of the city of Lloydminster.
Wetted area
In fluid dynamics, the wetted area is the surface area that interacts with the working fluid or gas.

In maritime use, the wetted area is the area of the watercraft's hull which is immersed in water. This has a direct relationship on the overall hydrodynamic drag of the ship or submarine.

In aeronautics, the wetted area is the area which is in contact with the external airflow. This has a direct relationship on the overall aerodynamic drag of the aircraft. See also: Wetted aspect ratio.

In motorsport, such as Formula One, the term wetted surfaces is used to refer to the bodywork, wings and the radiator, which are in direct contact with the airflow, similarly to the term's use in aeronautics.

Gas
Gas is a state of matter with neither fixed volume nor fixed shape. It is a compressible form of fluid, in contrast to a liquid. A pure gas consists of individual atoms (e.g. a noble gas like neon), or molecules (e.g. oxygen (O2) or carbon dioxide). Pure gases can also be mixed together such as in the air. What distinguishes gases from liquids and solids is the vast separation of the individual gas particles. This separation can make some gases invisible to the human observer.

The gaseous state of matter occurs between the liquid and plasma states, the latter of which provides the upper-temperature boundary for gases. Bounding the lower end of the temperature scale lie degenerative quantum gases which are gaining increasing attention.
High-density atomic gases super-cooled to very low temperatures are classified by their statistical behavior as either Bose gases or Fermi gases. For a comprehensive listing of these exotic states of matter, see list of states of matter.
KRI Pati Unus
KRI Pati Unus is the name of the following ships of the Indonesian Navy:

KRI Pati Unus (1949), a Bathurst-class corvette launched in 1949, in service for Indonesia 1949–1969

KRI Pati Unus (384), a Kapitan Pattimura-class corvette launched in 1981, in service for Indonesia 1995–2017

KRI Pati Unus (384)
KRI Pati Unus (384) is a Kapitan Pattimura-class corvette that used to be operated by the Indonesian Navy. Before her service in Indonesia, the ship was part of the East German Volksmarine, as Ludwigslust (232).
Caesium tribromide
Caesium tribromide is an inorganic compound with chemical formula Cs+[Br3]−. It can be obtained by crystallization from a concentrated aqueous solution of caesium bromide containing large amounts of bromine, or by the hydrothermal reaction of caesium bromide, caesium bromate, and hydrobromic acid, in which bromine is generated in situ.

It is isostructural with caesium triiodide and caesium diiodide bromide, and belongs to the orthorhombic Pmnb space group.

It can oxidize some Au(I) complexes to Au(II) or Au(III) complexes.

Hydrobromic acid
Hydrobromic acid is an aqueous solution of hydrogen bromide. It is a strong acid formed by dissolving the diatomic molecule hydrogen bromide (HBr) in water. "Constant boiling" hydrobromic acid is an aqueous solution that distills at 124.3 °C (255.7 °F) and contains 47.6% HBr by mass, which is 8.77 mol/L. Hydrobromic acid is one of the strongest mineral acids known.
Valero Rivera López
Valero Rivera López (born 14 February 1953) is a Spanish handball coach and former player. He is a world champion from the 2013 World Championship where he coached the Spanish national team. He played for and has coached FC Barcelona and is considered a club legend. In 2012 he was named the best men's coach in the world by the International Handball Federation.

He is the father of fellow handballer Valero Rivera Folch, who he has also coached.

International Handball Federation
The International Handball Federation (IHF) is the administrative and controlling body for handball and beach handball. IHF is responsible for the organisation of handball's major international tournaments, notably the IHF World Men's Handball Championship, which commenced in 1938, and the IHF World Women's Handball Championship, which commenced in 1957.

IHF was founded in 1946 to oversee international competitions. Headquartered in Basel, its membership now comprises 209 national federations. Each member country must each also be a member of one of the six regional confederations: Africa, Asia, Europe, North America and Caribbean, Oceania, and South and Central America. Hassan Moustafa from Egypt has been President of the IHF since 26 November 2000.
Mansart (crater)
Mansart is a crater on Mercury. Its name was adopted by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) in 1979. Mansart is named for the French architect Jules Hardouin-Mansart, who lived from 1646 to 1708.

To the east of Mansart is Bjornson crater, and to the west is Jókai.

Jules Hardouin-Mansart
Jules Hardouin-Mansart (French pronunciation: [ʒyl aʁdwɛ̃ mɑ̃saʁ]; 16 April 1646 – 11 May 1708) was a French Baroque architect  and builder whose major work included the Place des Victoires (1684–1690); Place Vendôme (1690); the domed chapel of Les Invalides (1690), and the Grand Trianon of the Palace of Versailles.  His monumental work was designed to glorify the reign of Louis XIV.
Vibrational analysis with scanning probe microscopy
The technique of vibrational analysis with scanning probe microscopy allows probing vibrational properties of materials at the submicrometer scale, and even of individual molecules. This is accomplished by integrating scanning probe microscopy (SPM) and vibrational spectroscopy (Raman scattering or/and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, FTIR). This combination allows for much higher spatial resolution than can be achieved with conventional Raman/FTIR instrumentation. The technique is also nondestructive, requires non-extensive sample preparation, and provides more contrast such as intensity contrast, polarization contrast and wavelength contrast, as well as providing specific chemical information and topography images simultaneously.

Rhodamine 6G
Rhodamine 6G /ˈroʊdəmiːn/ is a highly fluorescent rhodamine family dye. It is often used as a tracer dye within water to determine the rate and direction of flow and transport.  Rhodamine dyes fluoresce and can thus be detected easily and inexpensively with instruments called fluorometers. Rhodamine dyes are used extensively in biotechnology applications such as fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy and ELISA.
Vingle
A vingle is a portmanteau of video and single. The neologism refers to music videos that can be mixed by VJs in the same way that DJs mix regular music singles.

The word was coined by a group of VJs in London in late 2003, at the This Is Clip Hop party during ResFest, organised by the audio-visual artist collective "0.1". Vingles were subsequently seen in 0.1's launch party for Hewlett-Packard's HyPe Gallery project..

An example vingle would be Hexstatic's Timber.

Apple Computer has applied for a trademark on the term.

Beatmatching
Beatmatching or pitch cue is a DJ technique of pitch shifting or time stretching an upcoming track to match its tempo to that of the currently playing track, and to adjust them such that the beats (and, usually, the bars) are synchronized—e.g. the kicks and snares in two house records hit at the same time when both records are played simultaneously. Beatmatching is a component of beatmixing which employs beatmatching combined with equalization, attention to phrasing and track selection in an attempt to make a single mix that flows together and has a good structure.

Beatmatching is a core technique for DJing electronic dance music, and it is standard practice in clubs to keep a constant beat throughout the night, even if DJs change in the middle.
Christmas Cottage
Thomas Kinkade's Christmas Cottage is a 2008 Christmas biopic directed by Michael Campus, the first film he had directed in more than 30 years. It stars Jared Padalecki as painter Thomas Kinkade and features Peter O'Toole, Marcia Gay Harden and Aaron Ashmore.

The film was originally intended for release theatrically in 2007, but due to final edits and music rights its release was delayed until the following year. The film's official painting was created throughout 2007, alongside the film's production. The film was eventually released direct to video in the United States on November 11, 2008.

Richard Moll
Charles Richard Moll (January 13, 1943 – October 26, 2023) was an American actor known for playing Aristotle Nostradamus "Bull" Shannon, a bailiff on the NBC sitcom Night Court from 1984 to 1992. Moll also voiced Harvey Dent/Two-Face in the DC Animated Universe series Batman: The Animated Series and The New Batman Adventures, and briefly reprised the role in the Batman: The Brave and the Bold episode "Chill of the Night!".