hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Collingwood Nature Reserve
Collingwood is a  3-hectare (7.4-acre) nature reserve  south of Hawkhurst in Kent. It is managed by the Kent Wildlife Trust.

This reserve is woodland which has many exotic species as well as native trees. It is centred on a lake which has birds such as mallards, kingfishers and moorhens.

There is access from Stream Lane.

Common moorhen
The common moorhen (Gallinula chloropus), also known as the waterhen, is a bird species in the rail family (Rallidae). It is distributed across many parts of the Old World, across Africa, Europe, and Asia. It lives around well-vegetated marshes, ponds, canals and other wetlands. The species is not found in the polar regions or many tropical rainforests; generally it is one of the most common Old World rail species, together with the Eurasian coot in some regions.
Povenets
Povenets (Russian: Повене́ц; Karelian: Poventsa; Finnish: Poventsa) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Medvezhyegorsky District of the Republic of Karelia, Russia, located on the shore of Lake Onega, 231 kilometers (144 mi) north of Petrozavodsk, the capital of the republic. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 2,209.

Petrozavodsk
Petrozavodsk (Russian: Петрозаводск, IPA: [pʲɪtrəzɐˈvotsk]; Karelian, Veps and Finnish: Petroskoi; Ludian: Petrouskoi) is the capital city of the Republic of Karelia, Russia, which stretches along the western shore of Lake Onega for some 27 kilometers (17 mi). The population of the city is 280,890 as of 2022.
Gracie Challenge
The Gracie Challenge was an open invitation challenge match issued by members of the Gracie family, representing their self-defense system of Gracie jiu-jitsu against challengers of other martial art systems in a vale tudo match, or "anything goes" competition.

A precursor to the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC), the purpose of these challenges was to prove the effectiveness of the Gracie style of BJJ over all other martial arts styles in an era before the advent of "mixed martial arts".  Challenges have been issued since Carlos Gracie first made one in the 1920s; some were public events and others have remained private.

Self-defense
Self-defense (self-defence) primarily in Commonwealth English) is a countermeasure that involves defending the health and well-being of oneself from harm. The use of the right of self-defense as a legal justification for the use of force in times of danger is available in many jurisdictions.
Cuba at the World Artistic Gymnastics Championships
At the 1996 World Championships, Annia Portuondo became the first Cuban gymnast to win a medal, earning bronze on vault. Five years later at the 2001 World Championships Charles León Tamayo and Erick López would become the first male Cuban gymnasts to win a medal at the World Championships, earning bronze on vault and silver on parallel bars respectively.

During the 2003 World Championships, which took place in Anaheim, California, three Cuban gymnasts defected.  As a result, Cuba opted to stop sending gymnasts to the World Championships or Olympic Games.  Cuban gymnasts would later return to these large international competitions, starting with the 2015 World Championships.  At this competition Manrique Larduet won two medals, a silver in the all-around and bronze on horizontal bar.

Defection
In politics, a defector is a person who gives up allegiance to one state in exchange for allegiance to another, changing sides in a way which is considered illegitimate by the first state. More broadly, defection involves abandoning a person, cause, or doctrine to which one is bound by some tie, as of allegiance or duty.

This term is also applied, often pejoratively, to anyone who switches loyalty to another religion, sports team, political party, or other rival faction. In that sense, the defector is often considered a traitor by their original side.
Margaret Waller
Margaret "Peggy" Waller (born 1954) is an American scholar of 19th-century French literature. She is the Mary Ann Vanderzyl Reynolds Professor of Humanities and Professor of Romance Languages and Literatures at Pomona College in Claremont, California.

19th-century French literature
19th-century French literature concerns the developments in French literature during a dynamic period in French history that saw the rise of Democracy and the fitful end of Monarchy and Empire. The period covered spans the following political regimes: Napoleon Bonaparte's Consulate (1799–1804) and Empire (1804–1814), the Restoration under Louis XVIII and Charles X (1814–1830), the July Monarchy under Louis Philippe d'Orléans (1830–1848), the Second Republic (1848–1852), the Second Empire under Napoleon III (1852–1871), and the first decades of the Third Republic (1871–1940).
Kaaryasthan
Kaaryasthan (transl. The Caretaker) is a 2010 Malayalam-language action comedy film written by the duo Udaykrishna–Sibi K. Thomas and directed by debutant Thomson K. Thomas. It stars Dileep, Akhila Sasidharan,Siddique, Madhu, Suraj Venjaramoodu and Salim Kumar. It was Dileep's 100th feature film. Akhila, a noted television anchor and dancer, debuted as an actress through this film. The film was released on November 5 coinciding with Diwali.The film received highly positive reviews from critics became a blockbuster at box office and it was also one of the highest grossing Malayalam films of 2010.

The film is inspired from 2000 Telugu film Kalisundam Raa with minor changes in the plot. In the film, Krishnanunni tries to settle the dispute between two feuding families. In the process of doing so, he ends up falling in love with Sreebala, who belongs to one of the families.

Salim Kumar
Salim Kumar (born 10 October 1969) is an Indian actor, comedian, director and writer in Malayalam cinema. Mostly known for his comic and comedy roles, Salim Kumar is considered one of the best and most prominent comedians in the history of Malayalam cinema.

In his later career, Salim Kumar also found success in playing character roles and won the National Film Award for Best Actor in 2010 for his role in Adaminte Makan Abu (which also won the year's Kerala State Film Award). His directorial film Karutha Joothan won the 2017 Kerala State Film Award for Best Story. He has also won the Kerala State Film Award for Second Best Actor for Achanurangatha Veedu (2005) and a Kerala State Television Award for Best Actor (2013).
Elections in Nauru
Nauru elects on a national level a head of state (the president) and a legislature. Parliament has 19 members (increased from 18 for the 2013 election), elected for a three-year term in multi-seat constituencies. The president is elected for a three-year term by the parliament.

However, there are frequent changes of government in Nauru which occur without an election; most recently, in October 2023, when David Adeang was elected as the new President of Nauru following a no-confidence vote for Russ Kun.

Russ Kun
Russ Joseph Kun (born 8 September 1975) is a Nauruan politician who served as President of Nauru from being elected in the September 2022 presidential election to October 2023.
He has served as a member of parliament for Ubenide since 2013.
First Floor Power
First Floor Power is an indie rock band from Sweden. FFP recorded and released their debut EP We Are the People in 2000 on the Swedish label Silence Records. In 2001 their debut album There is Hope was released. Swedish National TV produced a one-hour documentary about the band which focused on the struggle and attempts of the band in its early career. Their sound has been described as a combination of afrobeat and 70s pop music. The band was listed in the "ten albums of the year" in Time Out Magazine.

Jenny Wilson left the band to pursue a solo career after the band's second album.

Afrobeat
Afrobeat (also known as Afrofunk) is a West African music genre, fusing influences from Nigerian (such as Yoruba) and Ghanaian (such as highlife) music with American funk, jazz, and soul influences. With a focus on chanted vocals, complex intersecting rhythms, and percussion, the style was pioneered in the 1960s by Nigerian multi-instrumentalist and bandleader Fela Kuti, who popularised it both within and outside Nigeria. At the height of his popularity, he was referred to as one of Africa's most "challenging and charismatic music performers."

Distinct from Afrobeat is Afrobeats, a combination of sounds originating in West Africa in the 21st century. This takes on diverse influences and is an eclectic combination of genres such as hip hop, house, jùjú, ndombolo, R&B, soca, and dancehall. The two genres, though often conflated, are not the same.
Musepack
Musepack or MPC is an open source lossy audio codec, specifically optimized for transparent compression of stereo audio at bitrates of 160–180 (manual set allows bitrates up to 320) kbit/s. It was formerly known as MPEGplus, MPEG+ or MP+.

Development of MPC was initiated in 1997 by Andree Buschmann and later assumed by Frank Klemm, and as of 2004 is maintained by the Musepack Development Team (MDT) with assistance from Buschmann and Klemm. Encoders and decoders are available for Microsoft Windows, Linux and Mac OS X, and plugins for several third-party media players available from the Musepack website, licensed under the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) or BSD licenses, and an extensive list of programs supporting the format.

BSD licenses
BSD licenses are a family of permissive free software licenses, imposing minimal restrictions on the use and distribution of covered software. This is in contrast to copyleft licenses, which have share-alike requirements. The original BSD license was used for its namesake, the Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD), a Unix-like operating system. The original version has since been revised, and its descendants are referred to as modified BSD licenses.

BSD is both a license and a class of license (generally referred to as BSD-like). The modified BSD license (in wide use today) is very similar to the license originally used for the BSD version of Unix. The BSD license is a simple license that merely requires that all code retain the BSD license notice if redistributed in source code format, or reproduce the notice if redistributed in binary format. The BSD license (unlike some other licenses e.g. GPL) does not require that source code be distributed at all.
Södermanland Runic Inscription 245
Södermanland Runic Inscription 245 or Sö 245 is the Rundata catalog number for a Viking Age runestone fragment that is located in Tungelsta, which is about two kilometers west of Västerhaninge, Stockholm County, Sweden, which was in the historic province of Södermanland.

Västerhaninge
Västerhaninge (Swedish pronunciation: [vɛstɛrˈhânːɪŋɛ]) is a locality situated in Haninge Municipality, Stockholm County, Sweden. It had 15,134 inhabitants in 2010. It is connected to Stockholm by commuter rail.

Västerhaninge borders the large Hanveden forest to the north, the Jordbro locality to the east, an agricultural region to the south, and the Tungelsta area to the west. The locality lies 22 km from Stockholm and 6 km from Handen. Districts of the locality include Åbylund, Norrskogen, and Jägartorp in the north, and Ribbyberg and Nedersta in the south.

The Stockholm-Nynäs railway runs through the town, and the original station building was demolished to make way for a new one in 1997. The nearby Tungelsta station is the only one in the region to survive from the railway's original construction.
Marie-Louise Correa
Marie-Louise Correa (born 26 November 1943 in Dakar) is a Senegalese politician, a doctor and former minister of the Senegalese government, who was elected in July 2002 as president of the World Scout Committee following the 36th World Scout Conference in Thessaloníki, Greece, from 2002 to 2005. She had served as chair of the Africa Scout Region until 1999.

Demographics of Senegal
Demographic features of the population of Senegal include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

About 42% of Senegal's population is rural. In rural areas, population density varies from about 77 per square kilometer (200/mile²) in the west-central region to 2 per square kilometer (5/mile²) in the arid eastern section. The average population density for the country is 68 people per square kilometer (180 people/mi2). French is the official language but is used regularly only by the literate minority. Almost all Senegalese speak an indigenous language, of which Wolof has the largest usage. Many Senegalese live in Europe, particularly in France, Italy and Spain.
Black Lake (Barager Township)
Black Lake is a lake in geographic Barager Township in the Unorganized North Part of Algoma District in Northeastern Ontario, Canada. It is part of the Great Lakes Basin, lies entirely within Lake Superior Provincial Park, and is the source of the Coldwater River, which is its primary outflow at the east. The Coldwater River flows to Lake Superior.

Unorganized North Algoma District
Unorganized North Algoma District is an unorganized area in northeastern Ontario, Canada, comprising all areas in Algoma District, north of the Sault Ste. Marie to Elliot Lake corridor, which are not part of an incorporated municipality or a First Nation. It covers 43,618.95 km2 (16,841.37 sq mi) of land, and had a population of 6,050 in 2021. Many of these communities were/are stations on the Algoma Central Railway or were logging/mining towns.
Benevenuto Nunes
Benevenuto Martins Nuñes (27 June 1913 – 7 May 1961) was an Olympic freestyle and backstroke swimmer from Brazil, who participated at two Summer Olympics for his native country. At the 1932 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, he swam the 4×200-metre freestyle, finishing 7th in the final, along with Manoel Lourenço, Isaac Moraes and Manoel Villar. He also swam the 100-metre backstroke, not reaching the finals. At the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin, he swam the 100-metre backstroke, not reaching the finals.

Swimming at the 1936 Summer Olympics
At the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin, eleven swimming events were contested, six for men and five for women. The competitions were held from Saturday August 8, 1936 to Saturday August 15, 1936.  There was a total of 248 participants from 29 countries competing.
C-GEM
C-GEM is a shipborne RF active decoy developed by Rafael Advanced Defense Systems of Israel.

The decoy is used to protect vessels by luring anti-ship missiles with radar homing away from the protected ship. C-GEM has completed trials including live firing from Israeli Navy Sa'ar 6 corvettes.

C-GEM is also compatible to NATO SRBOC 130mm launchers

Anti-ship missile
An anti-ship missile (AShM or ASM) is a guided missile that is designed for use against ships and large boats. Most anti-ship missiles are of the sea-skimming variety, and many use a combination of inertial guidance and active radar homing. A large number of other anti-ship missiles use infrared homing to follow the heat that is emitted by a ship; it is also possible for anti-ship missiles to be guided by radio command all the way.

Many anti-ship missiles can be launched from a variety of weapons systems including surface warships (also referred to as ship-to-ship missiles), submarines, bombers, fighter planes, patrol planes, helicopters, shore batteries, land vehicles, and, conceivably, even infantrymen firing shoulder-launched missiles. The term surface-to-surface missile (SSM) is used when appropriate. The longer-range anti-ship missiles are often called anti-ship cruise missiles. Several countries  are also developing anti-ship ballistic missiles.
John McSweeney (Maine politician)
John M. McSweeney (March 26, 1923 - March 18, 1995) was an American politician from Maine. McSweeney, a Democrat from Old Orchard Beach, Maine, served in the Maine House of Representatives from 1979 to 1990.

Old Orchard Beach, Maine
Old Orchard Beach is a resort town in York County, Maine, United States. The population was 8,960 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Portland-South Portland-Biddeford metropolitan area.

Located on the inner side of Saco Bay on the Atlantic Ocean, the town is a popular seaside resort. The downtown contains many tourist-oriented businesses, including clam shacks and T-shirt shops. A wooden pier on the beach contains many other tourist businesses, including a variety of souvenir shops. The town's seven-mile (11 km) long beach extends into the towns of Scarborough and Saco, and is lined with many beach residential properties, condominiums, motels and bed and breakfasts.
Bromelain (pharmacology)
Bromelain, a concentrate of proteolytic enzymes from the pineapple plant, is used in medicine. It is approved in the European Union for the debridement (removal of eschar, that is dead and damaged tissue) of severe burn wounds under the brand name Nexobrid. It was developed by MediWound.

The medicine has been granted orphan drug status by the European Medicines Agency (EMA).

In other contexts, bromelain has been researched for possible anti-inflammatory effects in treating a range of conditions or diseases, but results of these studies are mixed and regarded as preliminary.

In December 2022, anacaulase-bcdb (Nexobrid) was approved for medical use in the United States.

Pineapple
The pineapple (Ananas comosus) is a tropical plant with an edible fruit; it is the most economically significant plant in the family Bromeliaceae.

The pineapple is indigenous to South America, where it has been cultivated for many centuries. The introduction of the pineapple plant to Europe in the 17th century made it a significant cultural icon of luxury. Since the 1820s, pineapple has been commercially grown in greenhouses and many tropical plantations. The fruit, particularly its juice, has diverse uses in cuisines and desserts.

Pineapples grow as a small shrub; the individual flowers of the unpollinated plant fuse to form a multiple fruit. The plant normally propagates from the offset produced at the top of the fruit or from a side shoot, and typically matures within a year.
Wisconsin's 30th Senate district
The 30th Senate district of Wisconsin is one of 33 districts in the Wisconsin Senate.  Located in northeast Wisconsin, the district consists of the urban core of Brown County.  It includes most of the city of Green Bay, along with the city of De Pere and the villages of Allouez, Ashwaubenon, and Bellevue.

Bellevue, Wisconsin
Bellevue is a village in Brown County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 15,935 at the time of the 2020 census. Bellevue is part of the Green Bay metropolitan area, around 4 miles (6.4 km) east from Green Bay.
Alamork Davidian
Aäläm-Wärqe Davidian, commonly credited as Alamork Davidian (Amharic: አላሞርክ ዴቪድያን, Hebrew: אלמורק דוידיאן) in English, is an Ethiopian-Israeli film director. Her directorial debut, Fig Tree, was an Ophir Award nominee for Best Picture in 2018.

Ophir Award
The Ophir Awards (Hebrew: פרס אופיר), full name: the Israel Film Academy Award, sometimes also known as the Israeli Oscars or the Israeli Academy Awards, are film awards for excellence in the Israeli film industry awarded by the Israeli Academy of Film and Television. The award, named after Israeli actor Shaike Ophir, has been granted since 1990.

The Academy Awards ceremony takes place every year in September, about four months before the announcement of the nominees for the American Academy Award. The winner of the "Best Film" award is sent as Israel's representative to compete for an Oscar nomination in the "Best Foreign Film Oscar Award" category. Out of the winners of the Ophir Award in the "Best Film" category over the years, 10 films have been chosen to be nominated for the Oscar Award in the "Best Foreign Film" category.
Arkansas State Police
The Arkansas State Police is a state police division of the Arkansas Department of Public Safety and is responsible for enforcing motor vehicle laws, traffic laws, and criminal laws. The Arkansas State Police serves as an assisting agency to local law enforcement agencies within the State of Arkansas and has statewide authority to conduct law enforcement activities, criminal investigations, and crimes against children investigations.

State police
State police, provincial police or regional police are a type of sub-national territorial police force found in nations organized as federations, typically in North America, South Asia, and Oceania. These forces typically have jurisdiction over the relevant sub-national jurisdiction, and may cooperate in law enforcement activities with municipal or national police where either exist.
HMS King Alfred (1901)
HMS King Alfred was one of four Drake-class armoured cruisers built for the Royal Navy around 1900. She served as flagship of the China Station from 1906 until relieved in 1910. Upon her return home that year, she was placed in reserve before being recommissioned in mid-1914. She was assigned to the 6th Cruiser Squadron of the Grand Fleet at the beginning of World War I. She was transferred to the 9th Cruiser Squadron in 1915 and assigned to convoy protection duties by the end of the year. King Alfred participated in the unsuccessful searches for the German commerce raider SMS Möwe in 1916–17 before beginning to escort convoys later that year. The ship was torpedoed by a German submarine in 1918, but returned to service. She was sold for scrap in 1920.

9th Cruiser Squadron
The 9th Cruiser Squadron  was a formation of cruisers of the Royal Navy from 1912 to 1919 and again from 1939 to 1940. Cruiser squadrons consisted of five to six ships in wartime and in peacetime as low as two to three ships. From 1914 until 1924/25 they were designated as Light Cruiser Squadrons then after 1925 redesignated as Cruiser Squadrons.
Frank Woon-A-Tai
Frank Woon-A-Tai (born May 22, 1950) is a Guyanese chief instructor of the International Karate Daigaku, President of the Caribbean Karate College, Chief instructor and Chairman of the Guyana Karate College, and Chairman of IKD Canada and IKD Guyana. He is a tenth-degree black belt in Shotokan Karate.

Black belt
In East Asian martial arts, the black belt is associated with expertise, but may indicate only competence, depending on the martial art. The use of colored belts is a relatively recent invention dating from the 1880s.
Premio Nacional de las Letras Españolas
The Premio Nacional de las Letras Españolas or National Prize for Spanish Literature is one of several National Prizes awarded by the Spanish Ministry of Culture. First awarded in 1984, it recognises an author's literary career. The prize is 40,000 euros.

It should not be confused with the Premios Nacionales de Literatura which are awarded for specific works published the previous year, in different categories.

Ministry of Culture (Spain)
The Ministry of Culture (MC) is the department of the Government of Spain responsible for the promotion, protection and dissemination of the Spanish historical heritage, national museums, art, books, reading and literary creation, of cinematographic and audiovisual activities and of national archives and libraries.

It is also responsible for the promotion and dissemination of culture in Spanish, as well as the promotion of cultural cooperation and, in coordination with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, European Union and Cooperation, of international relations in the field of culture.

The MCD is headed by the Culture Minister, a Cabinet member who is appointed by the Monarch on advice of the Prime Minister. The minister is assisted by a Secretary of State and an Under-Secretary. The current minister of Culture is, since 21 November 2023, Ernest Urtasun.