hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Siege of Warangal (1310)
In late 1309, the Delhi Sultanate ruler Alauddin Khalji sent his general Malik Kafur on an expedition to the Kakatiya capital Warangal. Malik Kafur reached Warangal in January 1310, after conquering a fort on the Kakatiya frontier and ransacking their territory. After a month-long siege, the Kakatiya ruler Prataparudra decided to negotiate a truce, and surrendered a huge amount of wealth to the Delhi Sultanate, besides promising to send annual tributes to Delhi.

Banarsi Prasad Saxena
Banarsi Prasad Saxena (a.k.a. Banarsi Prasad Saksena) was an Indian historian associated with Allahabad University.

Saxena was awarded a PhD by University of London, School of Oriental Studies in 1931. He later became head of the departments of history in both the University of Allahabad and University of Jodhpur.

He was an expert on Emperor Shah Jahan, and his magnum opus Shah Jahan of Dilli (The subject of his PhD.) is regarded as the most authoritative text of that period and has run to several editions. Along with R.P. Tripathi he was noted as one of the major historians of the 'Allahabad School'. The idea of a "composite culture" in India, emphasizing mutual interactions between Hindu and Muslim communities in Indian history rather than treating the two communities as competitors with each other, was a particular contribution of this school.
Jérémy Maison
Jérémy Maison (born 21 July 1993) is a French former professional road cyclist, who competed professionally between 2016 and 2019 for the FDJ and Arkéa–Samsic teams. He was named in the startlist for the 2017 Vuelta a España.

Groupama–FDJ
Groupama–FDJ (UCI team code: GFC) is a French cycling team at UCI WorldTeam level. The team is managed by Marc Madiot, a former road bicycle racer and winner of the Paris–Roubaix classic in 1985 and 1991. The team is predominantly French.
Eduard Raehlmann
Eduard Raehlmann (19 March 1848, Ibbenbüren – 1 September 1917, Weimar) was a German ophthalmologist.

He studied medicine at the Universities of Würzburg and Halle, obtaining his doctorate at the latter institution in 1872. In 1875, he received his habilitation at the University of Strassburg, and in 1879 succeeded Georg von Oettingen as professor of ophthalmology at the Imperial University of Dorpat. After 1900, he worked as a private scholar in Weimar.

His primary work dealt with anatomical and pathological investigations of the cornea, as well as studies involving amyloid degeneration of conjunctiva and research of retinal detachment. In the Baltic states, he was at the forefront in the fight against trachoma. At Weimar, he conducted research of color perception and color photography.

Cornea
The cornea is the transparent front part of the eyeball which covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber. Along with the anterior chamber and lens, the cornea refracts light, accounting for approximately two-thirds of the eye's total optical power. In humans, the refractive power of the cornea is approximately 43 dioptres. The cornea can be reshaped by surgical procedures such as LASIK.

While the cornea contributes most of the eye's focusing power, its focus is fixed. Accommodation (the refocusing of light to better view near objects) is accomplished by changing the geometry of the lens.  Medical terms related to the cornea often start with the prefix "kerat-" from the Greek word κέρας, horn.
Growden Mansion
Growdon Mansion, also known as Trevose Manor, is a local historical landmark in Bensalem Township, Pennsylvania, United States. It played an important role in early Bucks County history. The mansion sits along the Neshaminy Creek in Bensalem, a township that borders the northeast section of Philadelphia, in the northeastern United States.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.

Neshaminy Creek
Neshaminy Creek is a 40.7-mile-long (65.5 km) stream that runs entirely through Bucks County, Pennsylvania, rising south of the borough of Chalfont, where its north and west branches join. Neshaminy Creek flows southeast toward Bristol Township and Bensalem Township to its confluence with the Delaware River.

The name "Neshaminy" originates with the Lenni Lenape and is thought to mean "place where we drink twice".  This phenomenon refers to a section of the creek known as the Neshaminy Palisades, where the course of the water slows and changes direction at almost a right angle, nearly forcing the water back upon itself. These palisades are located in  Dark Hollow Park, operated by the county, and are flanked by Warwick Township to the south and Buckingham Township to the north.
Innes baronets of Coxton (1686)
The Innes baronetcy, of Coxton in the County of Moray, was created in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia on 20 March 1686 for Alexander Innes, Member of the Scottish Parliament for Moray, with remainder to heirs male whatsoever. He was a descendant of John Innes of Coxton, grandson of Patrick Innes, great-great-great-uncle of the first of the Innes baronets of Balvenie.

The line of the 1st Baronet failed in 1803. The 7th Baronet was the great-grandson of John Innes, the younger brother of the 1st Baronet. This line of the family failed on the death of the 8th Baronet in 1886. The claim passed to Charles Innes, de jure 9th Baronet, a descendant of John Innes, great-uncle of the 1st Baronet.

The 11th Baronet proved his succession in 1973 and was placed on the Official Roll of the Baronetage.

Coxton Tower
Coxton Tower is a late sixteenth-century tower house in Moray, Scotland. Heavily fortified, it was built around 1590, with substantive repairs in 1635 and 1645, but its design is reminiscent of much older buildings. It has not been occupied since around 1867 except to house Canadian soldiers during the Second World War, but was renovated in 2001 to help protect the fabric of the structure, which is designated a Category A listed building.
Medium Tactical Vehicle Replacement
The Medium Tactical Vehicle Replacement (MTVR) is a family of medium to heavy six-wheel drive cargo and tactical trucks, used by the United States Marine Corps. The first MTVRs were delivered in late 1999. The MTVR is the equivalent of the U.S. Army's Family of Medium Tactical Vehicles (FMTV); the Marines do not use the FMTV (with the exception of the FMTV-based HIMARS) and the Army does not use the MTVR.

There were originally four, later seven, MTVR variants, then nine (plus a sub-variant) as deliveries and development continued. A dedicated trailer and prototype/developmental MTVRs have also been produced.

The MTVR was designed and is manufactured by Oshkosh Defense.

Approach and departure angles
Approach angle is the maximum angle of a ramp onto which a vehicle can climb from a horizontal plane without interference.  It is defined as the angle between the ground and the line drawn between the front tire and the lowest-hanging part of the vehicle at the front overhang. Departure angle is its counterpart at the rear of the vehicle – the maximum ramp angle from which the car can descend without damage. Approach and departure angles are also referred to as ramp angles.

Approach and departure angles are indicators of off-road ability of the vehicle: they indicate how steep of obstacles, such as rocks or logs, the vehicle can negotiate according to its body shape alone.
Miassky (inhabited locality)
Miassky (Russian: Миа́сский; masculine), Miasskaya (Миа́сская; feminine), or Miasskoye (Миа́сское; neuter) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Miassky (rural locality), a settlement in Bayramgulovsky Selsoviet of Argayashsky District of Chelyabinsk Oblast

Miasskoye, a selo in Miassky Selsoviet of Krasnoarmeysky District of Chelyabinsk Oblast

Argayashsky District
Argayashsky District (Russian: Аргая́шский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-seven in Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia. It is located in the north of the oblast. The area of the district is 2,791 square kilometers (1,078 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Argayash. Population: 41,387 (2010 Census); 42,808 (2002 Census); 43,733 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Argayash accounts for 24.3% of the district's total population.

The district was part of the Bashkir Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic until 1934, and together with neighboring Kunashaksky District, formed the exclave Argayash Canton.  The two districts were added to Chelyabinsk Oblast as the Argayash National Okrug, which itself only survived until November 1934.
Olufemi Oluyede
General Olufemi Olatubosun Oluyede (born 1968) is Nigerian Army officer who is the Chief of Defence Staff of Nigeria since 30 October 2025. He had previously served as the Chief of Army Staff from 30 October 2024 before being elevated to the role of CDS.

Nigerian Defence Academy
The Nigerian Defence Academy (NDA) is a military university based in Kaduna, Nigeria, that trains officer cadets for commissioning into one of the three services of the Nigerian Armed Forces: the Army, the Navy, and the Air Force. The duration of training at the Nigerian Defence Academy is five years (four years academic and one year military).
2018 Waratah Cup
The 2018 Waratah Cup was the 16th season of Football NSW's knockout competition. The Preliminary Rounds are now a part of the FFA Cup competition. 
The 5 winners from the FFA Cup preliminary Seventh Round qualified for the Waratah Cup.

The Cup was won by APIA Leichhardt Tigers, their 5th title.

Football NSW
Football NSW is the governing body for soccer in the Australian state of New South Wales, with the exception of the northern regions of NSW (the governing body for which is Northern New South Wales Football). Football NSW is a member of the national governing body,  Football Australia. Football NSW's premier football competition is the National Premier Leagues NSW. The premier futsal competition is the Futsal Premier League. Prior to 1 April 2007, Football NSW was known as Soccer NSW.
Hampole railway station
Hampole railway station was situated on the main line of the West Riding and Grimsby Railway between Carcroft & Adwick-le-Street and South Elmsall. It was close by and served the village of Hampole, near Doncaster, South Yorkshire, England.

The station, opened in January 1885, was a simple affair with wooden platforms and waiting shelters. There was a separate station master's house, which was situated at the roadside by the station approach.

The station closed on 7 January 1952.

South Elmsall
South Elmsall (/ˈɛmsəl/ EM-səl) is a town and civil parish in the City of Wakefield in West Yorkshire, England. South Elmsall lies to the east of Hemsworth. The town had a population in 2001 of 6,107, increasing to 6,519 at the 2011 Census.
Alessandro Costantini
Alessandro Costantini (c. 1581–1583 in Staffolo – 20 October 1657 in Rome) was an Italian baroque composer, maestro di cappella at the Collegium Germanicum. His surviving works include several Latin motets.

He and his brother, the composer Fabio Costantini, were pupils of Giovanni Bernardino Nanino. His brother-in-law was the countertenor Domenico Albrici, whose sons, the composers Vincenzo Albrici and Bartolomeo Albrici, were his nephews.

Collegio Teutonico
The Collegio Teutonico (German College), historically often referred to by its Latin name Collegium Germanicum, is one of the Pontifical Colleges of Rome. The German College is the Pontifical College established for future ecclesiastics of German nationality. It is divided into two separate colleges: the Pontificio Collegio Teutonico di S. Maria dell’ Anima and the Collegio Teutonico del Campo Santo.
Jeanne Kangas
Jeanne Steele Kangas (August 1940 – January 10, 2023) was an American lawyer and political figure. She was the interim Chair of the Massachusetts Republican Party in 2011 and the first woman elected to the Board of Selectmen in Boxborough, Massachusetts.

Boxborough, Massachusetts
Boxborough is  a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 5,506 at the 2020 census. The town name is often simplified to "Boxboro" on highway signs and official documents.
Castor Hill
Castor Hill is a 1,483-foot-tall (452 m) mountain in the Tug Hill region of New York. It is located east of Greenboro in Oswego County. In 1927, an 80-foot-tall (24 m) steel fire lookout tower was built on the mountain. Due to use of aerial detection the tower was closed at the end of the 1970 fire lookout season, and later removed in 1981.

Redfield, New York
Redfield is a town in Oswego County, New York, United States. The population was 550 at the 2010 census.

The Town of Redfield was incorporated from part of the  Town of Mexico in 1800. The town is in the northeastern corner of the county.

As the town is located in the lake effect snowbelt, it is known for its frequent and heavy snowfalls, even more so than other towns in upstate New York. In February 2007, the town unofficially set a record when 141 inches (360 cm) of snow fell in 10 days.
Olivia Apps
Olivia Johanna Mary Apps (born 1 December 1998) is a Canadian rugby union and sevens player. She competed for Canada in the delayed 2020 Tokyo Olympics and won a silver medal at the 2024 Summer Olympics.

Canada women's national rugby sevens team
The Canada women's national rugby sevens team was one of six 'core teams' that competed in all four rounds of the inaugural World Rugby Women's Sevens Series in 2012–13. Canada competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics and won the bronze medal after defeating Great Britain 33–10. At the 2020 Olympics, they failed to medal and finished in 9th place.

They participated at the 2021 Canada Women's Sevens in Vancouver and Edmonton. Canada finished third at both tournaments.

At the 2024 Summer Olympics, Canada won the silver medal after coming from 0–12 behind to defeat Australia by 21–12 in the semi-finals, before losing the final to New Zealand by 12–19.
Dismounting stele
A dismounting stele is a stone tablet or stele traditionally erected outside important buildings or building complexes in Chinese and East Asian architecture. It gives notice of the nearest point to the location that riders should dismount horses or exit vehicles for properly respectful approach.

History of architecture
The history of architecture traces the changes in architecture through various traditions, regions, overarching stylistic trends, and dates. The beginnings of all these traditions is thought to be humans satisfying the very basic need of shelter and protection. The term "architecture" generally refers to buildings, but in its essence is much broader, including fields we now consider specialized forms of practice, such as urbanism, civil engineering, naval, military, and landscape architecture.

Trends in architecture were influenced, among other factors, by technological innovations, particularly in the 19th, 20th and 21st centuries. The improvement and/or use of steel, cast iron, tile, reinforced concrete, and glass helped for example Art Nouveau appear and made Beaux Arts more grandiose.
Lanaria
Lanaria is a monotypic genus of flowering plants containing a single species, Lanaria lanata, endemic to the southern coast of South Africa where it is associated with the fynbos belt. Lanaria lanata is commonly known as Cape edelweiss or lambtails. The genus is placed in the monotypic family Lanariaceae, a family only recently recognized by taxonomists. The APG IV system of 2016 (unchanged from the 1998, the 2003 and 2009 versions) does recognize this family.

This species occurs on clay and sandstone soils throughout its distribution range. The stiff, ribbed leaves arise from a woody rootstock and are evergreen, channelled, and finely serrate along the margins. The densely woolly, white heads enclose mauve flowers and are peculiar to the species. Flowering is profuse following fires.

APG II system
The APG II system (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II system) of plant classification is the second, now obsolete, version of a modern, mostly molecular-based,  system of plant taxonomy that was published in April 2003 by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group. It was a revision of the first APG system, published in 1998, and was superseded in 2009 by a further revision, the APG III system.
One of Them
"One of Them" is the 39th episode of Lost and the 14th episode of the second season. The episode was directed by Stephen Williams, and written by Damon Lindelof and Carlton Cuse. It first aired on February 15, 2006, on ABC. The character of Sayid Jarrah (Naveen Andrews) is featured in the episode's flashbacks. In the episode, the survivors meet and interrogate Henry Gale (Michael Emerson), a man whom they believe to be an "Other".

Carlton Cuse
Arthur Carlton Cuse (born March 22, 1959) is an American screenwriter, showrunner, producer, and director, best known for the American television series Lost, for which he made the Time list of the 100 most influential people in the world in 2010.
Electric Hippies
Electric Hippies were an Australian band formed by ex Noiseworks members Justin Stanley and Steve Balbi. The pair also used the same name for their production work. They released a self titled album in 1994 and had a top 30 single with "Greedy People".

As record producers they have worked with Vincent Stone, Juice, Jenny Morris, Nikka Costa and Pearls & Swine.

In February 2023, Balbi and Stanley revealed Electric Hippies are in the studio and working on new material.

Vincent Stone
Vincent Stone is an Australian singer. He was signed after impressing Sony Music while playing showcase gigs at Les Girls. His single "Sunshine" saw him nominated at the 1994 ARIA Music Awards for Best New Talent and Breakthrough Artist – Single. The single peaked at number 109 on the ARIA chart.

Stone moved into acting and had roles in Superman Returns and Love My Way before playing a lead role in the Australian thriller The Backpacker.

Stone is also known for being the model for the character of Strelok (Marked One) in the videogame S.T.A.L.K.E.R.: Shadow of Chernobyl.
Gülnar Haýytbaýewa
Gulnar Hayytbaeva is a Turkmenistani judoka. At the 2012 Summer Olympics she competed in the Women's 63 kg, but was defeated in the first round by Ramila Yusubova.

She graduated from The National Institute of Sports and Tourism of Turkmenistan in 2013. At the 2013 Summer Universiade she won a bronze medal in belt wrestling (freestyle 66 kg).

Turkmen State Institute of Physical Education and Sports
The  Turkmen State Institute of Physical Education and Sports (former National Institute of Sports and Tourism of Turkmenistan) (Turkmen: Türkmen döwlet bedenterbiýe we sport instituty) is a sports-oriented university in Turkmenistan, offering training of specialists in the fields of tourism, hospitality and sports.

Alladurdy Saryyev is the current rector.
Stine Borgli
Stine Andersen Borgli (born 4 July 1990) is a Norwegian racing cyclist, who last rode for UCI Women's WorldTeam FDJ–Suez. She rode in the women's road race event at the 2018 UCI Road World Championships.

UCI Women's Team
A UCI Women's Team is a women's road bicycle team sanctioned by the International Cycling Union (UCI). These teams compete in the major women's bicycle races, including the UCI Women's World Tour. The country designation of each team is determined by the country of registration of most of its riders and is not necessarily the country where the team is registered or based.
1986 Giro d'Italia, Prologue to Stage 11
The 1986 Giro d'Italia was the 69th edition of the Giro d'Italia, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Giro began in Palermo, with a prologue individual time trial on 12 May, and Stage 11 occurred on 22 May with a stage to Castiglione del Lago. The race finished in Merano on 2 June.

Avezzano
Avezzano (Italian: [avetˈtsaːno] ⓘ or [avedˈdzaːno]; Marsicano: Avezzàne [avedˈdzɑːnə]) is a city and comune in the Abruzzo region, province of L'Aquila, Italy. It is the second most populous municipality in the province and the sixth in the region. It is the main commercial, industrial and agricultural centre of the Marsica area, with important high-tech industries and the Fucino Space Centre.

The city was destroyed by the earthquake of 1915. It was rebuilt after the 1944 Allied bombing. The city was decorated with the silver medal for civil merit, an award granted by the Italian Republic.
2005 Asian Archery Championships
The 2005 Asian Archery Championships was the 14th edition of the event. It was held at the Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium in New Delhi, India from 4 to 10 November 2005 and was organized by Asian Archery Federation.

World Archery Asia
The World Archery Asia (WAA) is the continental governing body of the sport of archery in Asia. It is affiliated to World Archery Federation (WAF). It was founded in 1978 at Bangkok Congress as the Asian Archery Federation (AAF). The name was changed into the current one during the 2013 Congress.

WAA HQ was first located in India, but was then moved to South Korea in 1986 by WAA's third president and the CEO of Hyundai Steel at the time, Chung Mong-koo. Chung, currently the Honorary Chairman of Hyundai Motor Group, served as WAA president for 11 years. For his contribution and service in the sport of archery, he was made an honorary vice president of World Archery in 2011.

Currently, Chung's only son, heir, and the current Executive Chairman and CEO of Hyundai Motor Group, Chung Eui-sun is the president of the federation. He is currently on his fifth consecutive term after his re-election on November 12, 2021 at WAA biennial congress in Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Turkey Run (West Branch Susquehanna River tributary)
Turkey Run is a tributary of the West Branch Susquehanna River in Lycoming County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 2.2 miles (3.5 km) long and flows through Clinton Township. The watershed of the stream has an area of 2.18 square miles (5.6 km2). The stream is not designated as an impaired waterbody. It is a relatively small stream and is located near State Correctional Institution – Muncy. The stream's watershed is designated as a Warmwater Fishery and a Migratory Fishery.

Clinton Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania
Clinton Township is a township in Lycoming County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 3,719 at the 2020 census, up from 3,708 in 2010. It is part of the Williamsport, Pennsylvania Metropolitan Statistical Area.
The Presbyterian Guardian
The Presbyterian Guardian was a monthly conservative Presbyterian magazine. Founded by conservative theologian John Gresham Machen in 1935, it acted as the de facto publication of the Orthodox Presbyterian Church, whose members made up most of its readership, despite being officially unaffiliated with any one denomination. In 1979, it merged with The Presbyterian Journal, which had a significantly larger circulation and similar conservative theological stances.

Print circulation
Print circulation is the average number of copies of a publication. The number of copies of a non-periodical publication (such as a book) are usually called print run. Circulation is not always the same as copies sold, often called paid circulation, since some issues are distributed without cost to the reader. Readership figures are usually higher than circulation figures because of the assumption that a typical copy is read by more than one person.