hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William P. Hepburn
William Peters Hepburn (November 4, 1833 – February 7, 1916) was an American Civil War officer and an eleven-term Republican congressman from Iowa's now-obsolete 8th congressional district, serving from 1881 to 1887, and from 1893 to 1909. According to historian Edmund Morris, "Hepburn was the House's best debater, admired for his strength of character and legal acumen."   As chair of one of the most powerful committees in Congress, he guided or sponsored many statutes regulating businesses,   including most notably the Hepburn Act of 1906.  The Hepburn Act authorized the U.S. Interstate Commerce Commission to require railroads to charge "just and reasonable" rates.

Interstate Commerce Commission
The Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) was a regulatory agency in the United States created by the Interstate Commerce Act of 1887. The agency's original purpose was to regulate railroads (and later trucking) to ensure fair rates, to eliminate rate discrimination, and to regulate other aspects of common carriers, including interstate bus lines and telephone companies. Beginning in 1906, Congress expanded the ICC's authority to regulate other modes of commerce. The Commission's five members were appointed by the president with the consent of the United States Senate. This was the first independent agency (or so-called Fourth Branch).

Over the course of the latter half of the 20th century, Congress took away many of the ICC's powers and reassigned them to other federal agencies. Congress eventually abolished the ICC in 1995 and transferred its remaining functions to a new agency, the Surface Transportation Board.
Noah Allen
Noah James Allen (Greek: Νόα Τζέιμς Άλεν, romanized: Noa Tzeims Alen; born 28 April 2004) is a professional footballer who plays as a defender for Major League Soccer club Inter Miami CF. Born in the United States, he represents Greece at youth international level.

Leagues Cup
The Leagues Cup is an annual soccer competition between clubs from Major League Soccer (MLS), the main soccer league in the United States and Canada, and Liga MX, the main soccer league in Mexico. It is hosted in Canada and the United States. It began in July 2019 with four teams from both leagues participating.  The first edition was a single-elimination tournament hosted in the United States with a final played in Whitney, Nevada, near Las Vegas, on September 18, 2019.

In 2023, the tournament was expanded to include all clubs from MLS and Liga MX, and now functions as a regional cup for CONCACAF between the top division leagues in Mexico and United States and includes MLS teams that are based in Canada. The top three Leagues Cup teams, regardless of nation, qualify for the CONCACAF Champions Cup, with the champions receiving a bye to the round of 16. In 2025, the tournament contracted to only include the 18 best MLS clubs from the previous season and all clubs from Liga MX.
Mukhadram
Mukhadram (foaled 6 April 2009) is a British Thoroughbred racehorse. Unraced as a two-year-old, he showed promise when winning two minor races as a three-year-old in 2012. In the following year he emerged as a top-class performer with a front-running style, winning the Brigadier Gerard Stakes and the York Stakes and being placed in both the Prince of Wales's Stakes and the Eclipse Stakes, In 2014 he finished second in the Dubai World Cup before recording an upset win over a strong field in the Eclipse Stakes. He was retired at the end of the season with a record of five wins from sixteen races.

Brigadier Gerard Stakes
The Brigadier Gerard Stakes is a Group 3 flat horse race in Great Britain open to horses aged four years or older. It is run at Sandown Park over a distance of 1 mile 1 furlong and 209 yards (2,002 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in late May or early June.

The event was established in 1953, and it was originally called the Coronation Stakes. Its title commemorated the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II.

The race was renamed the Brigadier Gerard Stakes in 1973. This was in honour of Brigadier Gerard, a recently retired champion racehorse whose victories included the Westbury Stakes (later re-named the Gordon Richards Stakes) and the Eclipse Stakes at Sandown Park. The 2021 race was run in memory of Joe Mercer, who died the week before the race and who rode Brigadier Gerard in all his races.
Stigmella carpinella
Stigmella carpinella is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. It is found in from Sweden to Belgium, the Alps, Croatia and Bulgaria, and from Great Britain to Ukraine.

The wingspan is 5–6 mm. Adults are on wing at the end of April.

The larvae feed on Carpinus betulus, Carpinus orientalis and Ostrya carpinifolia. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Ostrya carpinifolia
Ostrya carpinifolia, the European hop-hornbeam, is a tree in the family Betulaceae. It is the only species of the genus Ostrya that is native to Europe.

The specific epithet carpinifolia means "hornbeam-leaved", from carpinus, the Latin word for "hornbeam".
George Rae (physician)
George Rae is a British doctor and one of the presenters of the television programme Street Doctor, a prime time medical reality TV series on BBC One. The programme began its second series in 2008.

He practises in Whitley Bay in the north-east of England.

He is a member of the BMA Council.

British Medical Association
The British Medical Association (BMA) is a registered trade union and professional body for doctors in the United Kingdom. It does not regulate or certify doctors, a responsibility which lies with the General Medical Council. The BMA has a range of representative and scientific committees and is recognised by National Health Service (NHS) employers alongside the Hospital Consultants and Specialists Association as one of two national contract negotiators for doctors.

The BMA's stated aim is "to promote the medical and allied sciences, and to maintain the honour and interests of the medical profession".
Subterranean rumbling
Subterranean rumbling is a phenomenon in which the ground vibrates and makes sounds due to an earthquake.

During earthquakes or volcanic eruptions, the ground vibrates, sometimes creating short-period seismic wave motion (ground motion) that reaches the air and becomes sounds (sound waves), and low sounds can be heard.

This often occurs during shallow-focus earthquakes and earthquake swarms. Even microearthquakes that produce noticeable tremors can sometimes produce rumbling.

Hard ground tends to amplify rumbling.

In earthquake-prone Japan rumbling is frequently observed near Mt. Tsukuba in Ibaraki Prefecture. This is believed to be due to local exposure of basement rocks. During the 1965 Matsushiro earthquake swarm, a remarkable subterranean rumbling was observed.

Mount Tsukuba
Mount Tsukuba (筑波山, Tsukuba-san) is an 877 m (2,877 ft) mountain located at the northern-end of Tsukuba, Japan.  It is one of the most famous mountains in Japan, particularly well known for its double peaks, Nyotai-san (女体山; lit. "female body") 877 m (2,877 ft) and Nantai-san (男体山; lit. "male body") 871 m (2,858 ft). Many people climb the so-called "purple mountain" every year for the panoramic view of the Kantō plain from the summit. On clear days  the Tōkyō skyline, Lake Kasumigaura and even Mount Fuji are visible from the summit. Japanese mountains are mostly volcanic, but Mount Tsukuba is non-volcanic granite and gabbro in origin.  Renowned beautiful granites are produced in the northern quarries even today.

The anti-transplant rejection medication and immunomodulator tacrolimus is produced by a soil bacterium, Streptomyces tsukubensis. The name tacrolimus is derived from "Tsukuba macrolide immunosuppressant".
Tennis at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Women's singles
Belgium's Justine Henin defeated France's Amélie Mauresmo in the final, 6–3, 6–3 to win the gold medal in Women's Singles tennis at the 2004 Summer Olympics. It was Belgium's only gold medal at the 2004 Games. Henin lost only one set during the tournament (to Russia's Anastasia Myskina in the semifinals). In the bronze medal match, Australia's Alicia Molik defeated Myskina, 6–3, 6–4. The medals were the first in women's singles for Belgium and Australia, and the first for France since 1924. The United States' three-Games gold medal streak at the event ended, with no American players reaching the quarter-finals.

The tournament was held from 15 to 21 August at the Athens Olympic Tennis Centre in Athens, Greece. There were 64 competitors from 32 nations, with each nation having up to 4 players (up from the 3 allowed in prior Games).

Venus Williams was the reigning gold medalist from 2000, but she lost in the third round to France's Mary Pierce.

Mary Pierce
Mary Caroline Pierce (born 15 January 1975) is a French former professional tennis player. She was ranked world No. 3 in singles and in doubles by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA). Pierce won 18 singles titles on the WTA Tour, including two majors at the 1995 Australian Open and the 2000 French Open, and five Tier I singles events. Pierce was a finalist at a further four singles majors, and twice at the Tour Finals.

In doubles, Pierce won 10 doubles titles on the WTA Tour, including two major titles at the 2000 French Open in women's doubles partnering Martina Hingis, and at the 2005 Wimbledon Championships in mixed doubles partnering Mahesh Bhupathi. She was also a runner-up in women's doubles at the 2000 Australian Open, partnering Hingis.

Pierce was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 2019. She is the most recent Frenchwoman to win the French Open singles title.
Osgood River
The Osgood River (French: rivière Osgood) is a tributary of the Palmer River, which is a tributary of the Bécancour River, in Quebec, in Canada; the latter being in turn a tributary of the south shore of the St. Lawrence River. The Osgood River flows through the regional county municipalities of:

L'Érable Regional County Municipality (MRC), in the region administrative office of Centre-du-Québec: municipalities of Kinnear's Mills, Inverness;

Les Appalaches Regional County Municipality (MRC), in the administrative region of Chaudière-Appalaches: municipalities of Saint-Jacques-de-Leeds.

Les Appalaches Regional County Municipality
Les Appalaches (French pronunciation: [lez‿apalaʃ]) is a regional county municipality (RCM) in the Chaudière-Appalaches region in southeastern Quebec, Canada.  It was established in 1982 from parts of the historic counties of Beauce, Frontenac, Mégantic, and Wolfe. The county seat and largest city is Thetford Mines.

The name of the RCM is linked to its location in the Appalachian Mountains with Mounts Adstock, Caribou, Oak, and Saint-Adrien being the highest. Until 2008, it was known as L'Amiante Regional County Municipality, because of the importance of asbestos mining in the region (amiante is French for "asbestos").
Velçan
Velçan is a village and a former municipality in the Korçë County, southeastern Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became a subdivision of the municipality Pogradec. The population at the 2011 census was 2,548. The municipal unit consists of the villages Velçan, Buzahishtë, Shpellë, Bishnicë, Jollë, Losnik, Laktesh and Senishtë.

Korçë County
Korçë County (Albanian: Qarku Korçë), officially the County of Korçë (Albanian: Qarku i Korçës), is a county in the Southern Region of the Republic of Albania. It is the largest by area and the fifth most populous of the twelve counties, with more than 173,000 people within an area of 3,711 km2 (1,433 sq mi). The county borders on North Macedonia to the northeast and Greece to the southeast, the counties of Elbasan to the northwest, Berat to the west and Gjirokastër to the southwest. It is divided into six municipalities, Korçë, Devoll, Kolonjë, Maliq, Pogradec and Pustec, with all of whom incorporate thirty-seven administrative units.
Jiangnan Bielu
Jiangnan Bielu (Chinese: 江南别錄; "Alternative Records of Jiangnan") was a historical text of the Southern Tang dynasty, one of the Ten Kingdoms in the history of China. It was written by the Northern Song scholar Chen Pengnian (陳彭年). The content of the book was later included in the Siku Quanshu.

Siku Quanshu
The Siku Quanshu, literally the Complete Library of the Four Treasuries, is a Chinese encyclopedia commissioned during the Qing dynasty by the Qianlong Emperor. Commissioned in 1772 and completed in 1782, the Siku quanshu is the largest collection of books in imperial Chinese history, comprising 36,381 volumes, 79,337 manuscript rolls, 2.3 million pages, and about 997 million words. The complete encyclopedia contains an annotated catalogue of 10,680 titles along with a compendium of 3,593 titles. The Siku Quanshu surpassed the 1403 Yongle Encyclopedia created by the previous Ming dynasty, which had been China's largest encyclopedia. Complete copies of the Siku Quanshu are held at the National Library of China in Beijing, the National Palace Museum in Taipei, the Gansu Library in Lanzhou, and the Zhejiang Library in Hangzhou.
Puthiya Thalaimurai TV
Puthiya Thalaimurai TV is a Tamil news channel headquartered at Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. It is run by Chennai-based The New Generation Media Corporation, along with Puthiya Thalaimurai Magazine. The Channel is viewed channel in Tamil Nadu. The New Generation Media Group also has an English website, The Federal. The Federal is a digital platform disseminating news, analysis and commentary. It seeks to look at India from the perspective of the states.

Puthiya Thalaimurai
Puthiya Thalaimurai is a Tamil magazine published from Chennai, India by New Generation Media. The group also has an English website, The Federal, a digital platform disseminating news, analysis and commentary. It seeks to look at India from the perspective of the states.
Argo Records (UK)
Argo Records is a record label founded by Harley Usill and Cyril Clarke in 1951 with the intention of recording "British music played by British artists", but the company's releases expanded to include spoken word recordings and other projects.

Spoken word
Spoken word is an oral poetic performance art that is based mainly on the poem's as well as the performer's aesthetic qualities. It is a 20th-century continuation of an ancient oral artistic tradition that focuses on the aesthetics of recitation and word play, such as the performer's live intonation and voice inflection. Spoken word is a catch-all term that includes any kind of poetry recited aloud, including poetry readings, poetry slams, jazz poetry, pianologues, musical readings, and hip hop music, and can include comedy routines and prose monologues. Unlike written poetry, the quality of spoken word is shaped less by the visual aesthetics on a page, and more from phonaesthetics or the aesthetics of sound.
Iron Wolf Bridge
The Iron Wolf Bridge (Lithuanian: Geležinio vilko tiltas) is a bridge over the Neris River in Vilnius, Lithuania. Named after the legend of Iron Wolf, the bridge connects Naujamiestis with the districts of Žvėrynas and Šnipiškės, as the roundabout  is situated at the administrative line.

Iron Wolf (character)
The Iron Wolf (Lithuanian: Geležinis Vilkas) is a mythical character from a medieval legend of the founding of Vilnius, the capital city of the old Grand Duchy of Lithuania and modern Republic of Lithuania. First found in the Lithuanian Chronicles, the legend shares certain similarities with the Capitoline Wolf and possibly reflected Lithuanian desire to showcase their legendary origins from the Roman Empire (see the Palemonids). The legend became popular during the era of Romantic nationalism. Today Iron Wolf is one of the symbols of Vilnius and is used by sports teams, Lithuanian military, scouting organizations, and others.
Boys in the Summer
"Boys in the Summer" is a song co-written and recorded by American country pop singer Jessie James. It was released June 29, 2010 through Mercury Records and the Island Def Jam Music Group as the intended lead single from her unreleased second studio album, Daughter of a Gypsy.

Different mixes of the song were produced for pop and country radio formats, positioning James as a potential crossover artist following the mainstream success of her debut single, "Wanted", the previous year. The song was James' first to impact the country music genre, reaching number 58 on the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart in addition to charting at number 16 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 all-genre chart. Her subsequent releases would continue targeting that market.

The Island Def Jam Music Group
The Island Def Jam Music Group (Island Def Jam) (IDJMG) was an American record label group formed on December 31, 1998, by Universal Music Group. Prior to 2014, Island Def Jam included labels originally established under the umbrellas of Island Records and Def Jam Recordings. On April 1, 2014, Universal Music Group publicly announced the dissolution of the Def Jam Group, leaving IDJMG and its affiliated subsidiaries as separate sister labels.

In 2024, Universal Music Group restructured its East Coast labels, including Def Jam Recordings, Island Records, Mercury Records, and Republic Records, under a central operational hub named Republic Corps.
38th Goya Awards
The 38th Goya Awards ceremony, presented by the Academy of Cinematographic Arts and Sciences of Spain, took place at the Feria de Valladolid premises in Valladolid, Castile and León on 10 February 2024. The ceremony was broadcast on La 1 and RTVE Play.

J. A. Bayona's Society of the Snow received the most awards during the ceremony with twelve wins, including Best Film.

Salvador Sobral
Salvador Vilar Braamcamp Sobral ComM (European Portuguese: [salvɐˈðoɾ viˈlaɾ βɾɐ̃ˈkɐ̃p suˈβɾal]; born 28 December 1989) is a Portuguese singer, who won the Eurovision Song Contest 2017 for Portugal with the song "Amar pelos dois", written and composed by his sister, Luísa Sobral. In doing so, he gave Portugal its first ever win in the contest since its debut in 1964, ending the longest winless run by a country in Eurovision history (53 years). Sobral and his entry hold the Eurovision record for the highest-scoring winner as of 2017, having earned a total of 758 points under the current voting system, after winning both the jury vote and televote.
Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Hosted Nonfiction Series or Special
The Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Hosted Nonfiction Series or Special is handed out annually at the Creative Arts Emmy Award ceremony. The award was called Outstanding Informational Series or Special from 2013 until 2019, and was also presented from 1978 to 1998. From 1998 until 2012, informational series competed in Outstanding Nonfiction Series.

Beginning in 2020, the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences renamed the category to reflect that it recognizes "personality-driven programs in which the host drives the show's narrative; includes documentaries, travelogues, segmented/magazine program and interview formats."

Academy of Television Arts & Sciences
The Academy of Television Arts & Sciences (ATAS), also colloquially known as the Television Academy, is a professional honorary organization dedicated to the advancement of the television industry in the United States. A 501(c)(6) non-profit organization founded in 1946, the organization presents the Primetime Emmy Awards, an annual ceremony honoring achievement in U.S. primetime television. The ATAS is a sister organization to the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences and the International Academy of Television Arts and Sciences, the other two bodies that present Emmy Awards to other sectors of television programming.
InterContinental Kaohsiung
InterContinental Kaohsiung (traditional Chinese: 高雄洲際酒店; simplified Chinese: 高雄洲际酒店; pinyin: Gāoxióng Zhōujì Jiǔdiàn) is a five star hotel located in Cianjhen District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. It is located on the lower floors of the 266.6 m (875 ft) tall Farglory THE ONE skyscraper building. The hotel opened on November 21, 2021, and is the first InterContinental hotel in Taiwan.

Cianjhen District
22°36′02″N 120°18′53″E﻿ / ﻿22.60062°N 120.314785°E﻿ / 22.60062; 120.314785

Cianjhen District (Chinese: 前鎭區; Hanyu Pinyin: qiánzhèn qū; Tongyong Pinyin: Ciánjhèn Cyu; Wade–Giles: Ch'ien2-chên4 Ch'ü1) is a district in Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. It covers an area of 19.1207 km2 (7.3825 sq mi) and is subdivided into 59 villages. The district has a population is 180,097, as of October 2023. It is the fifth-most populated district in Kaohsiung, with a population density of 9,457 people per square kilometer, or 24,494 people per square mile.
Gallery of Modern Art, Brisbane
The Gallery of Modern Art (GOMA) is an art museum located within the Queensland Cultural Centre in the South Bank precinct of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. The gallery is part of QAGOMA.

Opened on 2 December 2006, the GOMA is Australia's largest gallery of modern and contemporary art. It also houses the Australian Cinémathèque,the only facility of its kind in an Australian art museum. The gallery is situated on Kurilpa Point next to the Queensland Art Gallery (QAG) building and the State Library of Queensland, and faces the Brisbane River and the CBD.

The GOMA has a total floor area over 25,000 square metres (270,000 sq ft) and the largest exhibition gallery is 1,100 square metres (12,000 sq ft). The building was designed by Sydney architecture firm Architectus.

Nam June Paik
Nam June Paik (Korean: 백남준; pronunciation (Korean name order)ⓘ; July 20, 1932 – January 29, 2006) was a South Korean artist. He worked with a variety of media and is considered to be the founder of video art. He is credited with the first use (1974) of the term "electronic super highway" to describe the future of telecommunications.

Born in Seoul to a wealthy business family, Paik trained as a classical musician, spending time in Japan and West Germany, where he joined the Fluxus collective and developed a friendship with experimental composer John Cage. He moved to New York City in 1964 and began working with cellist Charlotte Moorman to create performance art. Soon after, he began to incorporate televisions and video tape recorders into his work, acquiring growing fame. A stroke in 1996 left him partially paralyzed for the last decade of his life.
Waring, Texas
Waring is an unincorporated community in northwestern Kendall County, Texas, United States. It lies along local roads and the Guadalupe River, northwest of the city of Boerne, the county seat of Kendall County.  Its elevation is 1,345 feet (410 m). Although Waring is unincorporated, it has a post office, with the ZIP code of 78074; the ZCTA for ZIP Code 78074 had a population of 59 at the 2000 census. The community is part of the San Antonio Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Founded in 1887 by R. P. M. Waring, the community was named for its founder's hometown of Waringsford in Ireland; the name was not changed until 1901. From its foundation until service ceased in 1970, the community was a station on the Kerrville branch of the San Antonio and Aransas Pass Railway.

Waringsford
Waringsford is a small village in County Down, Northern Ireland, 6 km south east of Dromore. It is situated within Banbridge District. In the 2001 Census it had a population of 129 people. The village, despite the lack of services, has seen substantial property development in the last five years, helped by its rural setting, relative tranquility and close proximity to the A1.

The village lies within the townland of Tullinisky, in the civil parish of Garvaghy, within the barony of Iveagh Lower, Lower Half. It also lies in Banbridge District.