hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kenneth Minogue
Kenneth Robert Minogue (September 11, 1930 – June 28,  2013) was an Australian academic and political theorist. Long residing in the United Kingdom, Minogue was a prominent part of the intellectual life of British conservatism.

Associated for much of his career with the London School of Economics, where he was Professor of Political Science from 1984 to 1995, he was described as a central figure in a group of prominent conservative philosophers and commentators at the LSE that included Maurice Cranston, Elie Kedourie, and William Letwin.

Conservatism in the United Kingdom
Conservatism in the United Kingdom is related to its counterparts in other Western nations, but has a distinct tradition and has encompassed a wide range of theories over several decades. The Conservative Party, which forms the mainstream right-wing party in Britain, has developed many different internal factions and ideologies.
Karolina Tymińska
Karolina Tymińska (born 4 October 1984 in Świebodzin) is a Polish heptathlete. She has represented Poland twice at the Olympic Games (2008 and 2012) and three times at the World Championships in Athletics (2007, 2009 and 2011). She is the bronze medalist in the heptathlon from the 2011 World Championships in Athletics, having originally come fourth in the event before the disqualification, in 2016, of Tatyana Chernova.

Tymińska also regularly competes in the indoor pentathlon event: at the IAAF World Indoor Championships she placed fourth in 2012 and sixth in both 2008 and 2010.

Her personal best in indoor pentathlon result is 4769 points, achieved in July 2008 in Spała. In heptathlon her personal best result is 6544 achieved in August 2011 in Daegu.

She won the European Cup Combined Events title in 2013 with a score of 6347 points, defeating Hanna Melnychenko and setting a javelin throw best of 42.40 m. She placed second at the Decastar meeting with 6288 points.

Heptathlon
A heptathlon is a track and field combined events contest made up of seven events. The name derives from the Greek ἑπτά (hepta, meaning "seven") and ἄθλος (áthlos, or ἄθλον, áthlon, meaning "competition"). A competitor in a heptathlon is referred to as a heptathlete.

There are two heptathlons – the men's and the women's heptathlon – composed of different events. The men's heptathlon is older and is currently held indoors, contested at the IAAF World Indoor Championships in Athletics. The women's heptathlon is held outdoors and was introduced in the 1980s, first appearing in the Olympics in 1984. It is currently contested in the athletics programme of the Olympics and at the World Athletics Championships.
Arlesey Town F.C.
Arlesey Town Football Club is a football club based in Arlesey, Bedfordshire, England. Affiliated to the Bedfordshire County Football Association, they are currently members of the Spartan South Midlands League Premier Division and play at New Lamb Meadow.

FA Vase
The Football Association Challenge Vase, also known as the Isuzu FA Vase for sponsorship reasons, is an annual football competition run by and named after The Football Association (The FA), for teams playing in Steps 5 and 6 of the English National League System. Nearly 600 teams participate in this knockout competition with semi-finals played over two legs. The final is played at Wembley Stadium.

The 2025 winners were Whitstable Town, who beat AFC Whyteleafe 2–1 at Wembley Stadium.
First flush
First flush is the initial surface runoff of a rainstorm. During this phase, water pollution entering storm drains in areas with high proportions of impervious surfaces is typically more concentrated compared to the remainder of the storm. Consequently, these high concentrations of urban runoff result in high levels of pollutants discharged from storm sewers to surface waters.: 216

Concentration
In chemistry, concentration is the abundance of a constituent divided by the total volume of a mixture. Several types of mathematical description can be distinguished: mass concentration, molar concentration, number concentration, and volume concentration. The concentration can refer to any kind of chemical mixture, but most frequently refers to solutes and solvents in solutions. The molar (amount) concentration has variants, such as normal concentration and osmotic concentration. Dilution is reduction of concentration, e.g., by adding solvent to a solution. The verb "to concentrate" means to increase concentration, the opposite of dilute.
Boğazköy, Şemdinli
Boğazköy (Kurdish: Bêgoza) is a village in the Şemdinli District in Hakkâri Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Herkî tribe and had a population of 1,052 in 2023.

The hamlets of Çiçekli and Kayacık are attached to the village.

It is a tobacco-producing village.

Hakkâri Province
Hakkâri Province (pronounced [hacːaːɾi], Turkish: Hakkâri ili; Kurdish: Parêzgeha Colemêrg), is a province in the southeast of Turkey. It borders Van Province to the north, and Şırnak Province to the west. The administrative centre is the city of Hakkâri. Its area is 7,095 km2, and its population is 287,625 (2023). The current Governor is Ali Çelik. The province encompasses 8 municipalities, 140 villages and 313 hamlets. The province is considered part of Turkish Kurdistan and has a Kurdish majority.

The province is a stronghold for Kurdish nationalism and a hotspot in the Kurdish–Turkish conflict.
Domenico Troilo
Domenico Troilo (10 April 1922 – 11 March 2007) was an Italian soldier and the deputy commander of the Maiella Patriots Corps (Corpo dei Patrioti della Maiella). The Second Polish Army Corps awarded Troilo the Silver Medal of Military Valor and the Cross of Valor with Swords.

ANPI
Associazione Nazionale Partigiani d'Italia (ANPI; lit. 'National Association of Italian Partisans') is an association founded by partisans and participants of the Italian Resistance against the Italian fascist regime and the subsequent Nazi occupation during World War II. ANPI was founded in Rome in 1944, as the war continued in northern Italy. It was constituted as a charitable foundation on 5 April 1945. It persists due to the activity of its anti-fascist members.
Guilty Pleasures (Glee)
"Guilty Pleasures" is the seventeenth episode of the fourth season of the American musical television series Glee, and the eighty-third episode overall. Written by Russel Friend and Garrett Lerner and directed by Eric Stoltz, it aired on Fox in the United States on March 21, 2013. Kelley Mitchell, Jennifer Greenberg, Melissa Buell, Tym Shutchai Buacharern, Paula Jane Hamilton and Darla Albright were nominated at the 65th Primetime Emmy Awards for Outstanding Makeup for a Single-Camera Series for this episode.

Copacabana (song)
"Copacabana", also known as "Copacabana (At the Copa)", is a song recorded by Barry Manilow. Written by Manilow, Jack Feldman, and Bruce Sussman, it was released in 1978 as the third single from Manilow's fifth studio album, Even Now (1978). The same year, "Copacabana" appeared in the soundtrack album of the film Foul Play.
1998 Cup of Russia
The 1998 Cup of Russia was the fifth event of six in the 1998–99 ISU Grand Prix of Figure Skating, a senior-level international invitational competition series. It was held in Moscow on November 26–29. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. Skaters earned points toward qualifying for the 1998–99 Grand Prix Final.

1998–99 Grand Prix of Figure Skating Final
The 1998–99 Grand Prix of Figure Skating Final was an elite figure skating competition held in Saint Petersburg, Russia from March 5 through 7, 1999. Medals were awarded in men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing.

The Grand Prix Final was the culminating event of the ISU Grand Prix of Figure Skating series, which consisted of Skate America, Skate Canada International, Sparkassen Cup on Ice, Trophée Lalique, Cup of Russia, and NHK Trophy competitions. The top six skaters from each discipline competed in the final.
Sinners International
Sinners International is the fourth album by Norwegian industrial rock outfit Zeromancer. On this album, Zeromancer returns to a darker, more industrial sound which was absent in its predecessor Zzyzx, sounding almost metal at times.

The album spawned 3 singles: "Doppelgänger (I Love You)", for which a music video was made, "I'm Yours to Lose", and "It Sounds like Love (But It Looks like Sex)".

Industrial rock
Industrial rock is a fusion genre that fuses industrial music and rock music. Originally emerging in the late 1970s to early 1980s, pioneered by artists such as Chrome, Killing Joke, Swans, Big Black and Skinny Puppy, the movement was further proliferated in the late 1980s by Wax Trax! Records in Chicago, with artists like Front 242, Front Line Assembly, KMFDM, and Sister Machine Gun.

Subsequently, the movement would lead to the emergence of genre fusions and subgenres like electro-industrial, industrial metal, martial industrial,  industrial hip-hop, industrial dance and industrial techno. By the 1990s, broader industrial music genres were made accessible to mainstream audiences through the popularity of acts such as Nine Inch Nails, Ministry, Rammstein, Marilyn Manson, all of whom released platinum-selling records.
Buena Regional High School
Buena Regional High School is a comprehensive regional public high school serving students in ninth through twelfth grades from communities in Atlantic County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, operating as the lone secondary school of the Buena Regional School District. Municipalities served by the district are Buena Borough and Buena Vista Township. The school opened in September 1971.

Students from both Estell Manor and Weymouth Township, attend Buena Regional High School as part of sending/receiving relationships with the respective school districts.

As of the 2024–25 school year, the school had an enrollment of 491 students and 45.1 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 10.9:1. There were 224 students (45.6% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 55 (11.2% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.

Secondary education in the United States
Secondary education is the last six or seven years of statutory formal education in the United States. It reaches the climax with twelfth grade (age 17–18). Whether it begins with sixth grade (age 11–12) or seventh grade (age 12–13) varies by state and sometimes by school district.

Secondary education in the United States occurs in two phases. The first, as classified by the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED), is the lower secondary phase, either called a middle school or junior high school. A middle school is for students sixth grade, seventh grade and eighth grade and a junior high school is only for students in seventh and eighth grade.

The second is the ISCED upper secondary phase, a high school or senior high school for students ninth grade through twelfth grade. There is some debate over the optimum age of transfer, and variation in some states; also, middle school often includes grades that are almost always considered primary school.
1st Rozhdestvenskoye
1st Rozhdestvenskoye or Pervoye Rozhdestvenskoye (Russian: 1-е Рождественское, Первое Рождественское) is a rural locality (Russian: село, lit. 'village') in Verkhnekhotemlsky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Fatezhsky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population:  34 (2010 Census); 55 (2002 Census);

Kursk Oblast
Kursk Oblast (Russian: Курская область, romanized: Kurskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [ˈkurskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Kursk. As of the 2021 census, Kursk Oblast had a population of 1,082,458.
Lincolnshire (European Parliament constituency)
Prior to its uniform adoption of proportional representation in 1999, the United Kingdom used first-past-the-post for the European elections in England, Scotland and Wales. The European Parliament constituencies used under that system were smaller than the later regional constituencies and only had one Member of the European Parliament each.

The constituency of Lincolnshire was one of them.

When it was created in England in 1979, it consisted of the Westminster Parliament constituencies of Gainsborough, Grantham, Grimsby, Holland with Boston, Horncastle, Lincoln, Louth, Rutland and Stamford,  although this may not have been true for the whole of its existence.

Great Grimsby (UK Parliament constituency)
Great Grimsby was a constituency in North East Lincolnshire represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom since December 2019 by Lia Nici of the Conservative Party. Between 1918 and 1983 it was known simply as Grimsby; following the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, the seat was subject to boundary changes, incorporating the neighbouring town of Cleethorpes. As a consequence, it was renamed Great Grimsby and Cleethorpes, first contested at the 2024 general election.
Heinrich Groß von Trockau
Heinrich Groß von Trockau (died 1501) was the Prince-Bishop of Bamberg from 1487 to 1501.

The date of Heinrich Groß von Trockau's birth is unknown, but he was already a prebendary of Augsburg Cathedral in 1451.  On 14 March 1452 he became a canon of Bamberg Cathedral.  He graduated from Heidelberg University in 1452.  He was made a deacon on 20 April 1454.

On 1 February 1487 the cathedral chapter of Bamberg Cathedral elected Groß von Trockau to be Prince-Bishop of Bamberg and Pope Innocent VIII confirmed his appointment on 28 March 1487.  He was consecrated as a bishop by Friedrich von Hohenzollern, Prince-Bishop of Augsburg, in Nuremberg on 15 July 1487.

He died in Bamberg on 30 March 1501.

Augsburg Cathedral
The Cathedral of Augsburg (German: Dom Mariä Heimsuchung) is a Catholic cathedral in Augsburg, Bavaria, Germany, founded in the 11th century in Romanesque style, but with 14th-century Gothic additions. Together with the Basilica of St. Ulrich and Afra, it is one of the city's main attractions. It measures 113 x 40 m, and its towers are 62 m high. It is dedicated to the Visitation of Virgin Mary.
Mocadorada
Mocadorada (also known as Mocadorà, from the word Mocador, the Valencian word for handkerchief), is a tradition from the Valencian Community celebrated each October 9, concurring with the Day of the Valencian Community (Spain). It consists of a collection of  frutta martorana where the marzipan fruits are held inside of a handkerchief.

The mocadorà takes part of Saint Denis festivities in the Valencian Community, being considered both the Lover's day and the National Day, being also a Public Holiday since 1982. As part of the Lover's day celebrations, the tradition states that the mocadorà is given as a present to a beloved person.

Frutta martorana
Frutta martorana (also called frutta di Martorana or, in Sicilian, frutta marturana) is a Sicilian marzipan sweet in the form of fruits and vegetables from the provinces of Palermo and Trapani.

Realistically coloured with vegetable dyes, it is said to have originated at the Benedictine nunnery of Santa Maria dell'Ammiraglio, Palermo, known as La Martorana after its foundress, when nuns decorated empty fruit trees with marzipan fruit to impress an archbishop visiting at a season when the trees were not fruiting. It is traditionally put by children's bedsides on All Souls' Day.
Prince Edward Island Route 16
Route 16 is a 75 km (47 mi), two-lane, uncontrolled-access, secondary highway in eastern Prince Edward Island. Its eastern terminus is at Route 2 and Macphee Avenue in Souris and its western terminus is at Route 313 in Saint Peters Bay. The route is entirely in Kings County.

Lane
In road transport, a lane is part of a roadway that is designated to be used by a single line of vehicles to control and guide drivers and reduce traffic conflicts. Most public roads (highways) have at least two lanes, one for traffic in each direction, generally separated by lane markings. On multilane roadways and busier two-lane roads, lanes are generally designated with road surface markings. Major highways often have two multi-lane roadways separated by a median.

Some roads and bridges that carry very low volumes of traffic are less than 4.6 metres (15 ft) wide, and are only a single lane wide. Vehicles travelling in opposite directions must slow or stop to pass each other. In rural areas, these are often called country lanes. In urban areas, alleys are often only one lane wide. Urban and suburban one lane roads are often designated for one-way traffic.
Kevin Parker (New York politician)
Kevin Parker (born March 6, 1967) is an American politician from the state of New York. He is a member of the New York State Senate representing the 21st district, which comprises portions of the Brooklyn neighborhoods of East Flatbush, Flatbush, Midwood, Ditmas Park, Kensington, Park Slope, and Windsor Terrace. A Democrat, Parker was first elected to the Senate in 2002.

Parker ran unsuccessfully in 2001 in the New York City Council District 45 Democratic primary and in 2021 for New York City Comptroller in the Democratic primary. Parker is also known for his angry outbursts, some of which have been violent. In 2010, he was convicted by a jury of two counts of criminal mischief for attacking a New York Post photographer, damaging his camera and car door, and breaking his finger.

Parker is simultaneously running in the 2025 New York City Comptroller election and the 2025 Brooklyn Borough President election.

Windsor Terrace, Brooklyn
Windsor Terrace is a small residential neighborhood in the central part of the New York City borough of Brooklyn. It is bounded by Prospect Park on the east and northeast, Park Slope at Prospect Park West, Green-Wood Cemetery, and Borough Park at McDonald Avenue on the northwest, west, and southwest, and Kensington at Caton Avenue on the south. As of the 2010 United States census, Windsor Terrace had 20,988 people living within its 0.503-square-mile (1.30 km2) area.

Windsor Terrace is part of Brooklyn Community District 7, and its primary ZIP Codes are 11215 and 11218. It is patrolled by the 72nd Precinct of the New York City Police Department. Fire services are provided by Engine Company 240/Battalion 48 of the New York City Fire Department. Politically, Windsor Terrace is represented by the New York City Council's 38th and 39th Districts.
Suzannah Olivier
Suzannah Endfield Olivier is an author, journalist, and nutritionist. She is the daughter of film director Cy Endfield.

Olivier is the author of more than fifteen books on health and nutrition, including The Breast Cancer Prevention and Recovery Diet, Natural Hormone Balance, 500 of the Most Stress Busting Techniques You'll Ever Need, Food Medicine, Healthy Food for Happy Kids, and What Should I Feed My Baby?.

Cy Endfield
Cyril Raker Endfield (November 10, 1914 – April 16, 1995) was an American film director, who at times also worked as a writer, theatre director, and inventor. Born in Scranton, Pennsylvania, he worked in the New York theatre in the late 1930s before moving to Hollywood in 1940.

After World War II, his film career was interrupted by the Hollywood blacklist. He  resettled in London at the end of 1951. He is particularly known for The Sound of Fury (1950), Hell Drivers (1957) and Zulu (1964).
SimCity: BuildIt
SimCity: BuildIt is a  mobile city-building game developed by EA Tracktwenty and published by Electronic Arts. It was launched in late 2014. The game is part of the SimCity franchise, and is available to download from the Google Play Store, Amazon Appstore, and the Apple App Store.

This game allows players to solve real-life situations like fire, sewage, pollution, and traffic and helps deal with public problems. Players can connect and compete with other players for more connected gameplay.

Amazon Appstore
Amazon Appstore is an app store operated by Amazon.com Services, LLC, a subsidiary of Amazon.  The store is primarily used as the storefront for Amazon's Android-based Fire OS. including Amazon Fire tablets, and Amazon Fire TV digital media players, and can be sideloaded and installed manually on third-party Android devices. Some Android devices may also be bundled with Amazon Appstore as part of compensation agreements. It was also used as a source of Android software for runtime environments on BlackBerry 10 and Windows 11.

On August 20, 2025, the Amazon Appstore became inaccessible on third party Android devices and apps bought from the Amazon Appstore no longer work on those devices, but will continue for Fire Tablets.
William J. White (general)
William James White (March 24, 1925 – November 22, 2017) was a decorated lieutenant general in the United States Marine Corps. He was awarded the Silver Star, the United States military's third-highest personal decoration for valor in combat, for his actions in the Korean War. He later served as deputy chief of staff for aviation at Headquarters Marine Corps.

1st Marine Aircraft Wing
The 1st Marine Aircraft Wing is an aviation unit of the United States Marine Corps that serves as the Aviation Combat Element of the III Marine Expeditionary Force.  The wing is headquartered at Camp Foster on the island of Okinawa, Japan.  Activated in 1940, the wing has seen heavy combat operations during World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War.
Aleksandr Zuyev (footballer)
Aleksandr Dmitriyevich Zuyev (Russian: Александр Дмитриевич Зуев; born 26 June 1996) is a Kazakh footballer who plays for Tobol and the Kazakhstan national team. Born in Kazakhstan, he moved to Russia at a young age and represented the country on junior levels before switching allegiance to Kazakhstan for senior level in 2023. For the most of his career he played as a left winger and in other attacking positions, and he was also deployed as a right-back.

FC Spartak Moscow
FC Spartak Moscow (Russian: Футбольный клуб «Спартак» Москва, romanized: Futbolʹnyy klub «Spartak» Moskva, pronounced [spɐrˈtak mɐˈskva]) is a Russian professional football club based in Moscow. Having won 12 Soviet championships (second only to Dynamo Kyiv) and 10 Russian championships (a record jointly held with Zenit St Petersburg), it is the country's most successful club. They have also won a record 10 Soviet Cups, 4 Russian Cups and one Russian Super Cup. Spartak have also reached the semi-finals of UEFA Europa League, UEFA Champions League and the UEFA Cup Winner's Cup.
Samuel Rogers
Samuel Rogers (30 July 1763 – 18 December 1855) was an English poet, during his lifetime one of the most celebrated, although his fame has long since been eclipsed by his Romantic colleagues and friends Wordsworth, Coleridge and Byron. His recollections of these and other friends such as Charles James Fox are key sources for information about London artistic and literary life, with which he was intimate, and which he used his wealth to support.  He made his money as a banker and was also a discriminating art collector.

English poetry
This article focuses on poetry from the United Kingdom written in the English language. The article does not cover poetry from other countries where the English language is spoken, including the Republic of Ireland after December 1922.

The earliest surviving English poetry, written in Anglo-Saxon, the direct predecessor of modern English, may have been composed as early as the 7th century.
Esther McCoy
Esther McCoy (November 18, 1904 – December 30, 1989) was an American author and architectural historian who was instrumental in bringing the modern architecture of California to the attention of the world.

Richard Neutra
Richard Joseph Neutra (/ˈnɔɪtrə/ NOI-tra; 8 April 1892 – 16 April 1970) was an Austrian-American architect. Living and building for most of his career in Southern California, he came to be considered a prominent and important modernist architect. His most notable works include the Kaufmann Desert House, in Palm Springs, California.