hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cerro Bonete (Lipez)
Cerro Bonete is a volcano in Sur Lipez. It is part of the Cordillera de Lipez and is 5,630 metres (18,470 ft) high. The volcano is of Miocene age and formed by potassium-rich felsic rocks. It is associated with the 15 mya South Lípez ignimbrites.

Volcanism in the area occurred in two phases, an earlier andesitic phase called the Rondal formation and during the Quechua orogeny a second phase associated with rhyodacite forming lava domes, lava flows and pyroclastic flows (up to 700 metres (2,300 ft) thick). The formation of the massif was preceded by the eruption of dacitic ignimbrite 15 mya. These structures are mined, with mines including the Bolivar and Lipẽna mines.

Pyroclastic flow
A pyroclastic flow (also known as a pyroclastic density current or a pyroclastic cloud) is a fast-moving current of hot gas and volcanic matter (collectively known as tephra) that flows along the ground away from a volcano at average speeds of 100 km/h (30 m/s; 60 mph; 90 ft/s) but is capable of reaching speeds up to 700 km/h (190 m/s; 430 mph; 640 ft/s). The gases and tephra can reach temperatures of about 1,000 °C (1,800 °F).

Pyroclastic flows are the deadliest of all volcanic hazards and are produced as a result of certain explosive eruptions; they normally touch the ground and hurtle downhill or spread laterally under gravity. Their speed depends upon the density of the current, the volcanic output rate, and the gradient of the slope.
Irina Kulikova (model)
Irina Kulikova (Russian: Ирина Куликова; born 6 August 1991) is a Russian fashion model. She was discovered in a Moscow restaurant by Ivan Bart of IMG Models and actress Liv Tyler. Kulikova was named one of the top 10 models of 2007 by V. She is currently represented by NIK Model Management in Russia and One Management in New York.

During her first season in Fall/Winter 2007 she opened the shows for Prada and Nina Ricci, closed the shows of Yves Saint Laurent and Louis Vuitton, and was an exclusive for Calvin Klein in New York, among others. She has opened shows for Dior, Donna Karan, BCBG Max Azria, Marc Jacobs, John Galliano, and Sonia Rykiel, and closed shows for Peter Som, Alberta Ferretti, Proenza Schouler, Donna Karan, Moschino, Dries Van Noten, John Galliano, Sonia Rykiel, Viktor & Rolf, and Vera Wang.

Viktor & Rolf
Viktor & Rolf is a Dutch avant-garde luxury fashion house founded in 1993 by Viktor Horsting (born 1969, Geldrop) and Rolf Snoeren (born 1969, Dongen). For more than twenty years, Viktor & Rolf have sought to challenge preconceptions of fashion and bridge the divide between fashion and art. Viktor & Rolf have designed both haute couture and ready-to-wear collections. The duo is renowned for their avant-garde designs, which rely heavily on theatrical and performative fashion runways.
The Importance of Being Earnest (2002 film)
The Importance of Being Earnest is a 2002 romantic comedy-drama film directed by Oliver Parker, based on Oscar Wilde's classic 1895 comedy of manners of the same name. A British-American co-production, the film stars Colin Firth, Rupert Everett, Frances O'Connor, Reese Witherspoon, and Judi Dench in lead roles, with Tom Wilkinson, Anna Massey, and Edward Fox in supporting roles. The original music score is composed by Charlie Mole.

The plot follows two men, John Worthing (Firth) and Algernon Moncrieff (Everett), who both lead double lives using the name "Ernest" to escape social obligations, leading to romantic entanglements and comedic misunderstandings. The film explores themes of identity, deception, and social expectations, all set against the backdrop of Victorian England.

The Importance of Being Earnest was released on May 17, 2002.

Rupert Everett
Rupert James Hector Everett (/ˈɛvərɪt/; born 29 May 1959) is an English actor. He first came to public attention in 1981 when he was cast in Julian Mitchell's play and subsequent film Another Country (1984) as a gay pupil at an English public school in the 1930s; the role earned him his first BAFTA Award nomination. He received a second BAFTA nomination and his first Golden Globe Award nomination for his role in My Best Friend's Wedding (1997), followed by a second Golden Globe nomination for An Ideal Husband (1999). He voiced Prince Charming in the animated films Shrek 2 (2004) and Shrek the Third (2007). He also played John Lamont/Mr. Barron in Miss Peregrine's Home for Peculiar Children (2016).
Salesian College, Farnborough
Salesian College is an independent Roman Catholic school in Farnborough, Hampshire, England. Founded in 1901 as a small preparatory school for boys, it soon expanded to provide secondary education owing to its increasing popularity. In November 2022, the school had a total of 634 pupils enrolled, 129 in the Sixth Form. For the 2007–08 academic year, the College announced that it would admit girls into the Sixth Form for the first time.

Preparatory school (United Kingdom)
A preparatory school (or, shortened: prep school) in the United Kingdom is a fee-charging private primary school that caters for children up to approximately the age of 13.  The term "preparatory school" is used as it prepares the children for the Common Entrance Examination in order to secure a place at an independent secondary school, typically one of the English public schools.  They are also preferred by some parents in the hope of getting their child into a state selective grammar school. Most prep schools are inspected by the Independent Schools Inspectorate, which is overseen by Ofsted on behalf of the Department for Education.
Water parsnip
Water parsnip is a common name given to a number of flowering plants in the family Apiaceae, including those from the Berula and Sium genera.

Berula

Berula erecta, cutleaf water parsnip or water parsnip

Sium

Sium latifolium, greater water parsnip, or water parsnip
Sium suave, or water parsnip

Sium latifolium
Sium latifolium is a species of flowering plant in the family Apiaceae known by the common names great water-parsnip, greater water-parsnip, and wideleaf waterparsnip. It is native to much of Europe, Kazakhstan, and Siberia.

This plant grows in wet habitat such as swamps and lakeshores, sometimes in the water. It is a perennial herb with a hollow, grooved stem up to 2 meters tall. The herbage is green and hairless. The leaves are up to 30 centimeters long with blades borne on hollow petioles that clasp the stem at their bases. The inflorescence is an umbel of white flowers.

When eaten by dairy cows, the plant tends to imbue their milk with an unpleasant taste.
Lamas Quechua
Lamas or San Martín Quechua (Lamista, Llakwash Runashimi) is a variety of Quechua spoken in the provinces of Lamas in the Peruvian region of San Martin and in some villages on the river Huallaga in the region of Ucayali. Its speakers are known as Lamistas or Kichwa-Lamista.

Lamas Quechua, along with and Chachapoyas Quechua, make up the Lowland Peruvian subgroup of the Northern Quechua, or Kichwa ("Quechua II-B") language group.

Department of Ucayali
Ucayali (Spanish pronunciation: [ukaˈʝali]) is a department of Peru. Located in the Amazon rainforest, it is the second largest department in Peru, after Loreto. It is administered by a regional government. Its capital is the city of Pucallpa.

The arapaima is depicted on both the flag and the seal of the region.
Ramo Verde Prison
Ramo Verde Prison (officially called National Center for Military Processed of Ramo Verde) is a military prison in the Los Teques municipality of Miranda, Venezuela. It is a prison known for its strict policies and security measures for prisoners, reserved specifically for military personnel and civilians whose characteristics represent an importance to the Venezuelan state, whether for reasons of safety or policies that may stay in place temporarily or to meet all of their penalties.

Miranda (state)
Miranda State (Spanish: Estado Miranda, IPA: [esˈtaðo miˈɾanda]) is one of the 23 states of Venezuela and the second most populous after Zulia State. The most recent population estimate was 3,194,390 in mid-2016. It has the greatest Human Development Index in Venezuela, according to the Venezuelan National Institute of Statistics.

Miranda is an important center for political, economic, cultural and commercial activities. The state is administered by a governor, and is sub-divided into 21 municipalities, each under a mayor.

Miranda State covers a total surface area of 7,950 km2 (3,070 sq mi).
Vocable (lexicography)
In lexicography, a vocable (from Latin: vocabulum) is the word or phrase which is explained by a dictionary entry and serves as its title. Often several related lexical units are grouped under the same vocable.

Lexeme
A lexeme (/ˈlɛksiːm/ ⓘ) is a unit of lexical meaning that underlies a set of words that are related through inflection. It is a basic abstract unit of meaning, a unit of morphological analysis in linguistics that roughly corresponds to a set of forms taken by a single root word. For example, in the English language, run, runs, ran and running are forms of the same lexeme, which can be represented as RUN.

One form, the lemma (or citation form), is chosen by convention as the canonical form of a lexeme. The lemma is the form used in dictionaries as an entry's headword. Other forms of a lexeme are often listed later in the entry if they are uncommon or irregularly inflected.
Akhmen
Akhmen (Persian: اخمن, also Romanized as Ākhmen) is a village in Sajjadrud Rural District, Bandpey-ye Sharqi District, Babol County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 229, in 52 families.

Babol County
Babol County(Persian: شهرستان بابل) is the most populous county in Mazandaran province and the second most populous county in northern Iran. The capital of the county is the city of Babol. Babol County consists of six districts, seven cities, and nearly 700 villages.

The elevation of the city of Babol is 2 meters below sea level, making it the "lowest" city in Mazandaran province. The elevation in the county, from the north to 10 kilometers south, is below sea level. The city of Babol is divided into two urban areas. The population of Babol in 2016 was 250,217, and that of Babol County 531,930.
The Shameless
The Shameless (Korean: 무뢰한; RR: Muroehan; lit. 'A Thug') is a 2015 South Korean neo-noir crime drama film starring Jeon Do-yeon and Kim Nam-gil. It is written and directed by Oh Seung-uk, who described it as a "hardboiled romantic noir thriller.

The Shameless made its world premiere in the Un Certain Regard section of the 2015 Cannes Film Festival.

Un Certain Regard
Un Certain Regard (French: [œ̃ sɛʁtɛ̃ ʁəɡaʁ]; 'A Certain Glance') is a section of the Cannes Film Festival's official selection. It is run at the salle Debussy, parallel to the competition for the Palme d'Or. This section was introduced in 1978 by Gilles Jacob.

The section presents 20 films with unusual styles and non-traditional stories seeking international recognition.

Since 1998, the section has awarded the Un Certain Regard Prize to one film in the lineup, recognising emerging talent and innovative work. At the 1998 Cannes Film Festival, Killer by Darezhan Omirbaev was named the inaugural winner, while The Mysterious Gaze of the Flamingo by Diego Céspedes is the most recent winner (2025).
Ohio State Route 111
State Route 111 (SR 111) is a 31.49-mile (50.68 km) state route that runs between the Indiana state line and Defiance in the US state of Ohio. Most of the route is a rural two-lane highway and passes through both farmland and residential properties. For some of its path, SR 111 runs generally parallel to the north of the Auglaize River.

The highway was first signed in 1923 on much the same alignment as today. A few realignments of the route have happened; the first in 1927 removed a section of highway west of SR 49. This section was later extended due west of SR 49 to the Indiana state line. Another realignment happened in 1983 with the route heading north out of Paulding concurrent with U.S. Route 127 (US 127).

Defiance, Ohio
Defiance is a city in Defiance County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. The population was 17,066 at the 2020 census. It is located at the confluence of the Auglaize and Maumee rivers about 55 miles (89 km) southwest of Toledo and 47 miles (76 km) northeast of Fort Wayne, Indiana, in Ohio's northwestern corner.
Joel Emmons Whitney
Joel Emmons Whitney Jr. (May 18, 1822 – January 20, 1886) was an early American photographer who became known in Minnesota for his wet plate tintype and daguerreotype photographs. From 1851 to 1871 he was the proprietor of "Whitney's Gallery" in Saint Paul, Minnesota where he primarily produced tintype, and later daguerreotype photographs, especially during the American Civil War.

According to historian Bonnie G. Wilson of the Minnesota Historical Society, Whitney is often regarded as being the first professional photographer of Saint Paul, Minnesota.

Azayamankawin
Azayamankawin (c. 1803 – c. 1873), also known as Hazaiyankawin, Betsey St. Clair, Old Bets, or Old Betz, was one of the most photographed Native American women of the 19th century. She was a Mdewakanton Dakota woman well known in Saint Paul, Minnesota, where she once ran a canoe ferry service. Old Bets was said to have helped many women and children taken captive during the Dakota War of 1862.

Photographs of "Old Betz" were used extensively in carte-de-visite prints now held in museum collections worldwide, including the United States Library of Congress; the National Portrait Gallery in the United Kingdom; and the Minnesota Historical Society.
Dzierżążno, Tczew County
Dzierżążno [d͡ʑɛrˈʐɔ̃ʐnɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Morzeszczyn, within Tczew County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It is located within the ethnocultural region of Kociewie in the historic region of Pomerania.

Dzierżążno was a private church village of the Diocese of Włocławek, administratively located in the Tczew County in the Pomeranian Voivodeship of the Kingdom of Poland.

Kociewie
Kociewie is an ethnocultural region in the eastern part of Tuchola Forest, in northern Poland, Pomerania, that is inhabited by the Kociewians. Its cultural capital is Starogard Gdański, the biggest town is Tczew, while other major towns include Świecie, and Pelplin. The region has about 250,000 inhabitants. It has well-developed industry and agriculture. Administratively, it is divided between the Pomeranian and Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeships.

Kociewie is bordered by the Chełmno Land in the south, Powiśle in the east, Kashubia and Żuławy Wiślane in the north, and other parts of historic Pomerania in the west.
Seri, Raebareli
Seri is a village in Harchandpur block of Rae Bareli district, Uttar Pradesh, India. As of 2011, its population is 1,948, in 382 households. It has 3 primary schools and no healthcare facilities.

The 1961 census recorded Seri as comprising 2 hamlets, with a total population of 972 people (484 male and 488 female), in 181 households and 179 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 725 acres and it had a post office at that point.

The 1981 census recorded Seri (as "Sheri") as having a population of 1,165 people, in 230 households, and having an area of 279.65 hectares. The main staple foods were given as wheat and rice.

Raebareli district
Raebareli district is a district of Uttar Pradesh state in northern India. The city of Raebareli is the district headquarters. This district is a part of Lucknow Division in Uttar Pradesh state. The total area of Raebareli district is 3,371 Sq. km.

As of 2011, its population is 3,405,559, which makes it the 27th largest in the state. It is a predominantly rural district, with 91% of the population living in rural areas.
Monkey (character)
Monkey (also known as The Monkey, ITV Digital Monkey or PG Tips Monkey, and often pronounced /ˈmuŋkɛ/ in imitation of Johnny Vegas' Lancashire accent) is a puppet advertising character in the form of a knitted sock monkey. He was first produced by The Jim Henson Company via their UK Creature Shop, his puppeteers are Nigel Plaskitt and Susan Beattie, he was formerly voiced by comedian Ben Miller and is now currently voiced by comedian Ivo Graham.

Monkey has appeared in advertising campaigns in the United Kingdom for both the defunct television company ITV Digital and the tea brand PG Tips, as well as being occasionally featured in TV programmes, and making more obscure appearances. Monkey's first appearance was 11 July 2001, featuring in advertisements for ITV Digital. Monkey is notable as one of a small number of advertising characters to eclipse the popularity of the product they advertise and also to be reused to advertise a completely different product.

Sock monkey
A sock monkey is a stuffed toy made from socks fashioned in the likeness of a monkey. These stuffed animals are a mixture of folk art and kitsch in the cultures of the United States and Canada. The typical sock monkey is brown and white with extra long limbs, a long tail and bright red lips. The animal may be adorned with additional ornamentation on its head or around its neck.  The character has become part of popular culture and can be found in comic books and art.
2023–24 Coupe de France preliminary rounds, Méditerranée
The 2023–24 Coupe de France preliminary rounds, Méditerranée is the qualifying competition to decide which teams from the leagues of the Méditerranée region of France take part in the main competition from the seventh round.

A total of five teams will qualify from the Méditerranée section of the 2023–24 Coupe de France preliminary rounds.

In 2022–23, RC Grasse progressed furthest in the competition, reaching the round of 32, before losing on penalties to Ligue 2 Rodez after a goal-less match.

2023–24 Coupe de France
The 2023–24 Coupe de France was the 107th season of the main football cup competition of France. The competition was organised by the French Football Federation (FFF) and is open to all clubs in French football, as well as clubs from the overseas departments and territories (Guadeloupe, French Guiana, Martinique, Mayotte, New Caledonia, Tahiti, Réunion, Saint Martin, and Saint Pierre and Miquelon).

The defending champions Toulouse, who beat Nantes 5–1 in the previous year's final to claim their first Coupe de France title, were eliminated in the round of 32 by third-tier FC Rouen.

Paris Saint-Germain defeated Lyon 2–1 in the final for a record-extending fifteenth Coupe de France title.
Transfer cell
Transfer cells are specialized parenchyma cells that have an increased surface area, due to infoldings of the plasma membrane. They facilitate the transport of sugars from a sugar source, mainly mature leaves, to a sugar sink, often developing leaves or fruits. They are found in nectaries of flowers and some carnivorous plants.
Transfer cells are specially found in plants in the region of absorption or secretion of nutrients.

The term transfer cell was coined by Brian Gunning and John Stewart Pate. Their presence is generally  correlated with the existence of extensive solute influxes across the plasma membrane.

Brian Gunning
Brian Edgar Scourse Gunning FAA, FRS is an Australian biologist and Emeritus Professor at the Australian National University.

Born on 29 November 1934, Gunning attended Methodist College Belfast and Queen's University Belfast.

His work involved the study of plant structure and function using electron microscopy. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1980. He now lives (2017) in retirement.
Down to a Sunless Sea (Carter novel)
Down to a Sunless Sea is a science fantasy novel by American writer Lin Carter, the fourth in his Edgar Rice Burroughs- and Leigh Brackett-inspired series The Mysteries of Mars. It was first published in paperback by DAW Books in June 1984 and reissued in hardcover and trade paperback by Wildside Press in February 2008.

The title of the book is taken from a line of the poem Kubla Khan by Samuel Taylor Coleridge. David Graham wrote a post-apocalyptic novel with the same title (ISBN 0-7091-7836-0), also derived from the same Coleridge poem.

Leigh Brackett
Leigh Douglass Brackett (December 7, 1915 – March 18, 1978) was an American author and screenwriter. Nicknamed "the Queen of Space Opera", she was one of the most prominent female writers during the Golden Age of Science Fiction. As a screenwriter, she was best known for her collaborations with director Howard Hawks, mainly writing Westerns and crime films. She also worked on an early draft of The Empire Strikes Back (1980), elements of which remained in the film; she died before it went into production.

In 1956, her book The Long Tomorrow made her the first woman ever shortlisted for the Hugo Award for Best Novel, and, along with C. L. Moore, one of the first two women ever nominated for a Hugo Award. In 2020, she posthumously won a Retro Hugo for her novel The Nemesis From Terra, originally published as Shadow Over Mars (Startling Stories, Fall 1944).
Saudi 2
Saudi TV Channel 2 (KSA 2), or as of 2014 known as Saudi 2 was the English news and entertainment TV channel of Saudi Arabia.

Established in 1983, the channel used to produce programmes focusing on cultural, political, and economic issues aimed at expatriates living in Saudi Arabia. Following its conversion to a 24-hour channel it expanded its broadcasting to Europe and North America in the middle of 2007 and now employs a large network of news correspondents based in the Middle East, the United Kingdom and the United States.

Despite being the only English-language public channel for Saudi Arabian expatriates, the Minister of Culture and Information Dr. Awwad Bin Saleh Al-Awwad has suspended the channel's transmission in December 2017 as part of a plan to suit the Saudi Vision 2030.

24-hour clock
The modern 24-hour clock is the convention of timekeeping in which the day runs from midnight to midnight and is divided into 24 hours. This is indicated by the hours (and minutes) passed since midnight, from 00(:00) to 23(:59), with 24(:00) as an option to indicate the end of the day. This system, as opposed to the 12-hour clock, is the most commonly used time notation in the world today, and is used by the international standard ISO 8601.

A number of countries, particularly English speaking, use the 12-hour clock, or a mixture of the 24- and 12-hour time systems. In countries where the 12-hour clock is dominant, some professions prefer to use the 24-hour clock. For example, in the practice of medicine, the 24-hour clock is generally used in documentation of care as it prevents any ambiguity as to when events occurred in a patient's medical history.
Wuhu
Wuhu (simplified Chinese: 芜湖; traditional Chinese: 蕪湖; pinyin: Wúhú; lit. 'Weedy Lake') is a prefecture-level city in southeastern Anhui province, China. Sitting on the southeast bank of the Yangtze River, Wuhu borders Xuancheng to the southeast, Chizhou and Tongling to the southwest, Hefei City to the northwest, Ma'anshan city to the northeast, Jiangsu to the east, and is approximately 90 km (56 mi) southwest of Nanjing. With ongoing urbanization  in the southern part of Nanjing, a conurbation is forming between Nanjing, Maanshan and Wuhu, comprising over 10.66 million inhabitants.

Spring and Autumn period
The Spring and Autumn period (c. 770 – c. 481 BCE) was a period in Chinese history corresponding roughly to the first half of the Eastern Zhou (c. 771 – 256 BCE), characterized by the gradual erosion of royal power as local lords nominally subject to the Zhou exercised increasing political autonomy. The period's name derives from the Spring and Autumn Annals, a chronicle of the state of Lu between 722 and 481 BCE, which tradition associates with Confucius (551–479 BCE).

During this period, local polities negotiated their own alliances, waged wars against one another, up to defying the king's court in Luoyi. The gradual Partition of Jin, one of the most powerful states, is generally considered to mark the end of the Spring and Autumn period and the beginning of the Warring States period. The periodization dates to the late Western Han (c. 48 BCE – 9 CE).