hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kühne Logistics University
Kuehne Logistics University (KLU) is a private business school based in Hamburg, Germany. It was founded by the Kuehne Foundation of German billionaire Klaus-Michael Kühne, based in Schindellegi, Switzerland. KLU offers bachelor's degrees and four master's programs, a part-time MBA, and a structured PhD program in business and management, analytics and data science, and operations and supply chain management. KLU is located at Hamburg's HafenCity area and its classes are taught in English. In September 2025, a new campus was established in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

Business school
A business school is a higher education institution or professional school that teaches courses leading to degrees in business administration or management.

A business school may also be referred to as school of business, school of management, management school, school of business administration, college of business, business college, or colloquially b-school or biz school.
Supply (Singapore Army)
Supply is the formation of the Singapore Army responsible for planning, commanding and providing supply support to the Army and ground logistical support to the Navy and Air Force. It is made up of HQ Supply and the East and West Supply Hubs, which manage Asset Management Teams (AMTs), Logistic Service Liaison Teams (LSLT), and Food & Beverage Managers at cookhouses in the various SAF military installations. They are also in charge of feeding and equipping SAF personnel, facilities management, camp maintenance, and warehouse management at the Army Logistics Base (ALB).

Republic of Singapore Air Force
The Republic of Singapore Air Force (RSAF) is the aerial service branch of the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) responsible for controlling and defending the airspace of the country, and providing air support to the Army and Navy. It was established in 1968 as the Singapore Air Defence Command (SADC) before renaming to its current name in 1975.

As one of the larger and more technologically advanced air forces in Southeast Asia, the RSAF has undertaken a significant role in Singapore's military defence strategy since its formation. The RSAF is one of the more modern air forces in the region.

The RSAF currently has four domestic airbases – Paya Lebar, Changi, Sembawang and Tengah – as well as a training detachment at the civilian airport of Seletar. The RSAF also has overseas detachments in various countries, most notably in Australia, France, Thailand and the United States. As of 2023, the RSAF has a strength of 6,000 active personnel.
Amad Diallo
Amad Diallo (born 11 July 2002), sometimes known mononymously as Amad, is an Ivorian professional footballer who plays as a winger or attacking midfielder for Premier League club Manchester United and the Ivory Coast national team.

Born in the Ivory Coast, Amad moved to Italy as a child. He joined the Atalanta youth system in 2015, where he won two Campionato Primavera 1 titles. In 2019, he scored on his debut for the senior team. In January 2021, Amad joined Manchester United, and had loan spells at Rangers and Sunderland.

Amad made his senior international debut for the Ivory Coast in March 2021, in a 2021 Africa Cup of Nations qualification game.

Mononym
A mononym is a name composed of only one word. An individual who is known and addressed by a mononym is a mononymous person.

A mononym may be the person's only name, given to them at birth. This was routine in most ancient societies, and remains common in modern societies such as in Afghanistan, Bhutan, some parts of Indonesia (especially by older Javanese people), Myanmar, Mongolia, Tibet, and South India.

In other cases, a person may select a single name from their polynym or adopt a mononym as a chosen name, pen name, stage name, or regnal name. A popular nickname may effectively become a mononym, in some cases adopted legally. For some historical figures, a mononym is the only name that is still known today.
Mike Coykendall
Mike Coykendall is a musician, audio engineer, and record producer.

Born in Norwich, Kansas in 1963, Coykendall was a member of the Wichita-based Klyde Konnor, which performed and recorded frequently throughout the 1980s and early 1990s. He moved to San Francisco in 1991 and released three critically acclaimed albums with the Old Joe Clarks. After moving to Portland, Oregon in 1999, he set up a home studio, where he recorded albums for a myriad of bands, including She & Him, M. Ward, Beth Orton, Richmond Fontaine, Tin Hat Trio, Blitzen Trapper, and Bright Eyes.

As a solo artist, he has released the albums Hello Hello Hello (Stereotype, 2005), The Unbearable Being of Likeness (Field Hymns, 2010), Chasing Away the Dots (Fluff and Gravy, 2012), and Half Past, Present Pending (Fluff and Gravy, 2015).

Richmond Fontaine
Richmond Fontaine was an American four-piece rock and alternative country band, based in Portland, Oregon. They were active between 1994 and 2016 and recorded eleven studio albums, four live albums and two EPs.

Underpinned by lead singer and songwriter Willy Vlautin's lyrics, Richmond Fontaine songs often evoke imagery of Reno, Nevada, Portland, the Western United States, and Mexico, while telling stories in a style that critics have compared to Raymond Carver. The group has cited influences such as Gram Parsons, X, Green on Red and Dave Alvin.
Mechanosensation
Mechanosensation is the transduction of mechanical stimuli into neural signals. Mechanosensation provides the basis for the senses of light, touch, hearing, proprioception, and pain. Mechanoreceptors found in the skin, called cutaneous mechanoreceptors, are responsible for the sense of touch. Tiny cells in the inner ear, called hair cells, are responsible for hearing and balance. States of neuropathic pain, such as hyperalgesia and allodynia, are also directly related to mechanosensation. A wide array of elements are involved in the process of mechanosensation, many of which are still not fully understood.

Sense of balance
The sense of balance or equilibrioception is the perception of balance and spatial orientation. It helps prevent humans and nonhuman animals from falling over when standing or moving. Equilibrioception is the result of a number of sensory systems working together; the eyes (visual system), the inner ears (vestibular system), and the body's sense of where it is in space (proprioception) ideally need to be intact.

The vestibular system, the region of the inner ear where three semicircular canals converge, works with the visual system to keep objects in focus when the head is moving. This is called the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR). The balance system works with the visual and skeletal systems (the muscles and joints and their sensors) to maintain orientation or balance. Visual signals sent to the brain about the body's position in relation to its surroundings are processed by the brain and compared to information from the vestibular and skeletal systems.
Vorga
53°45′06″N 32°45′47″E﻿ / ﻿53.75167°N 32.76306°E﻿ / 53.75167; 32.76306

Vorga (Russian: Ворга) is a rural locality (a selo) in Yershichsky District of Smolensk Oblast, Russia. It lies 28 km south of the railway junction Roslavl. Population: 1,231 (2007 est.); 2,400 (1968). Postal code: 216571. Dialing code: +7 48155.

Roslavl
Roslavl (Russian: Ро́славль, Russian pronunciation: [ˈrosləvlʲ]) is a town and the administrative center of Roslavlsky District in Smolensk Oblast, Russia. It is a road and rail junction and a market town. Population:  54,900 (2010 Census); 57,701 (2002 Census); 60,470 (1989 Soviet census).
Yannick Bach
Yannick Bach (born 21 May 1991) is a German footballer who plays as a midfielder for FC Hertha Wiesbach. He came through Saarbrücken's youth setup, and made his first-team debut in July 2011, when he replaced Kai Gehring in a 3. Fußball-Liga match against Chemnitzer FC.

FC Hertha Wiesbach
The FC Hertha Wiesbach is a German association football club from the Wiesenbach suburb of Eppelborn, Saarland.

The club's greatest success has been to earn promotion to the tier five Oberliga Rheinland-Pfalz/Saar in 2013.
Andy Zipf
Andy Zipf (pronounced ZIFF) is a singer/songwriter from Indianapolis, Indiana, currently living in Greenville, South Carolina. He has shared the stage with artists like Joshua Radin, Delta Spirit, Evan Dando, Jeremy Enigk, David Bazan, The Lone Bellow, Old Sea Brigade and Bill Mallonee.

Delta Spirit
Delta Spirit is an American rock band from California, United States. The group consists of Jonathan Jameson (bass), Brandon Young (drums), Matthew Vasquez (vocals and guitars), Kelly Winrich (multi-instrumentalist), and William McLaren (guitar).
Nicotelline
Nicotelline is an alkaloid first identified in 1914 as a chemical constituent of tobacco plants (genus Nicotiana).

The chemical structure of nicotelline wasn't elucidated until 1956, when it was determined that nicotelline is a terpyridine consisting of three linked pyridine rings.  This structure was confirmed by laboratory synthesis.  Nicotelline has the molecular formula C15H11N3.  It is a crystalline solid with a melting point of 147-148 °C.  It is soluble in hot water, chloroform, ethanol, and benzene.

Nicotelline has long been known to be a constituent of tobacco smoke.  As such, it has recently been proposed as a biomarker or environmental tracer for tobacco smoke.

Nicotiana
Nicotiana (/ˌnɪkoʊʃiˈeɪnə, nɪˌkoʊ-, -kɒti-, -ˈɑːnə, -ˈænə/) is a genus of herbaceous plants and shrubs in the family Solanaceae that is indigenous to the Americas, Australia, Southwestern Africa and the South Pacific. Various Nicotiana species, commonly referred to as tobacco plants, are cultivated as ornamental garden plants. N. tabacum is grown worldwide for the cultivation of tobacco leaves that are used for manufacturing and producing tobacco products, including cigars, cigarillos, cigarettes, chewing tobacco, dipping tobacco, snuff, snus, etc.
Andreas Kyburz
Andreas Kyburz  (born 5 May 1988) is a Swiss orienteering competitor. He was born in Rheinfelden. He won a bronze medal in the sprint at the 2018 World Orienteering Championships in Latvia, behind Daniel Hubmann and Tim Robertson. At the 2016 European Orienteering Championships he won a bronze medal in the sprint relay with the Swiss team.

His brother Matthias Kyburz is also an international orienteering competitor.

European Orienteering Championships
The European Orienteering Championships were first held in 1962. They have been held biennially since 2000 and have been included in the Orienteering World Cup. From 2020, the European Orienteering Championships are held annually, with sprint events and forest events in alternate years.
John Iadarola
John Iadarola (born February 5, 1983) is a left-wing American talk show host, YouTube personality, and political pundit who is a host for the online news show The Young Turks and The Damage Report. Iadarola was also the host of the docu-series True North, distributed on the go90 streaming service by Verizon.

Go90
go90 was an American Internet television service and mobile app owned and operated by Verizon Communications. The service was positioned as a mobile-oriented "social entertainment platform" targeted primarily towards millennials, featuring a mixture of original and acquired content from various providers. The service was available exclusively within the United States.

The service was plagued by an unsuccessful launch, credited to poor content discoverability and a lack of firm content strategy, resulting in managerial turnover. Including acquisitions that became the basis of the service (such as Intel's OnCue project, and later  Vessel), it was estimated that Verizon had spent $1.2 billion on the service.

On July 31, 2018, after attempts to promote go90's content via Verizon's AOL and Yahoo! properties (including blogging platform Tumblr), the service was shut down.
Nobuaki Futami
Nobuaki Futami (born 10 February 1935) is a Japanese politician. He attended Waseda University. Futami was a member of the House of Representatives of Japan from 1969 to 2000. He was also Minister of Transport for the Hata Cabinet in 1994.

Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism
The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (国土交通省, Kokudo-kōtsū-shō; lit. 'Ministry of Land and Transport'; MLIT) is a ministry of the Japanese government. It is responsible for one-third of all the laws and orders in Japan and is the largest Japanese ministry in terms of employees, as well as the second-largest executive agency of the Japanese government after the Ministry of Defense. The ministry oversees four external agencies including the Japan Coast Guard, the Japan Meteorological Agency and the Japan Tourism Agency.
Verendrye brothers' journey to the Rocky Mountains
The Vérendrye brothers were trappers, hunters, and explorers, who were possibly the first Europeans to cross the northern Great Plains and see the Rocky Mountains, during an expedition in 1742–1743. What little is known about their journey comes from a journal found in the French archives in 1851 and an inscribed lead plate commemorating the journey which was found buried near Pierre, South Dakota in 1913. Both the journal and plate are difficult to interpret. The journal states the trip may have been made by the "Chevalier Vérendrye and one of his brothers", who are otherwise unidentified. Most likely the Chevalier was Louis-Joseph Gaultier de La Vérendrye and the brother was François de La Vérendrye, but this remains uncertain. The mountains they saw during the expedition may have been the Big Horn Mountains of Wyoming, but could also have been the Black Hills or the Laramie Mountains.

Dictionary of Canadian Biography
The Dictionary of Canadian Biography (DCB; French: Dictionnaire biographique du Canada) is a dictionary of biographical entries for individuals who have contributed to the history of Canada. The DCB, which was initiated in 1959, is a collaboration between the University of Toronto and Laval University. Fifteen volumes have so far been published with more than 8,400 biographies of individuals who died or whose last known activity fell between the years 1000 and 1930. The entire print edition is online, along with some additional biographies to the year 2000.
Aga Khan II
Prince Aqa Ali Shah (Persian: آقا علی شاه, romanized: Āqā ʿAlī Shāh; 1830 – 17 August 1885), known as Aga Khan II (Persian: آغا خان دوّم, romanized: Āghā Khān Duwwūm), was the 47th hereditary imam of the Nizari Isma'ili Muslims. A member of the Iranian royal family, he became the Imam in 1881. He was the second Nizari Imam to hold the title Aga Khan.

Najaf
Najaf is the capital city of the eponymous Najaf Governorate in central Iraq, about 160 km (99 mi) south of Baghdad. Its estimated population in 2024 was about 1.41 million people. It is widely considered amongst the holiest cities of Shia Islam and one of its spiritual capitals, as well as the center of Shia political power in Iraq.

It is the burial place of Muhammad's son in law and cousin, ‘Alī ibn Abī Tālib, and thus a major pilgrimage destination for Shia Muslims. The largest cemetery in the world (Wadi-us-Salaam) and the oldest Shi'a Islamic seminary in the world (Hawza of Najaf) are located in Najaf.
Anthony Quayle (golfer)
Anthony Quayle (born 25 August 1994) is an Australian professional golfer. He plays on the PGA Tour of Australasia, where he has two wins. He finished tied 15th in the 2022 Open Championship at the Old Course at St Andrews.

Official World Golf Ranking
The Official World Golf Ranking is a system for rating the performance level of professional golfers. It was started in 1986. The rankings are based on a player's position in individual tournaments (i.e. not pairs or team events) over a "rolling" two-year period. New rankings are calculated each week. During 2018, nearly 400 tournaments on 20 tours were covered by the ranking system. All players competing in these tournaments are included in the rankings. In 2026, 25 tours factored into the world rankings. As well as being of general interest, the rankings have an additional importance, in that they are used as one of the qualifying criteria for entry into a number of leading tournaments.

The chair of the OWGR is former world number twelve and 2008 Masters Tournament champion Trevor Immelman.
Sarah Sheard
Sarah Sheard (born February 13, 1953, in Toronto, Ontario) is a Canadian novelist.

Sheard published her first novel, Almost Japanese, in 1985. Her latest novel, her first political fiction, came out in fall, 2012. She has been a creative writing instructor at Glendon College was a member of the editorial board of Coach House Press for 13 years and has been a writing mentor with the Humber School for Writers at Humber College since 1995. Her short videos about her novel, Krank: Love in the New Dark Times, are viewable on VIMEO. She also rides (Western reining) competitively and several of her reining videos are viewable on VIMEO.

She is in private practice as a psychotherapist with an MA in Counselling Psych, certification as a Gestalt Therapist and certified as a mediator. She specializes in couple and family counselling.

She is the sister of pop singer Mia Sheard and pianist John Sheard, and the great-great-granddaughter of Joseph Sheard, a former mayor of Toronto.

Mayor of Toronto
The mayor of Toronto is the head of Toronto City Council and chief executive officer of the municipal government. The mayor is elected alongside city council every four years on the fourth Monday of October; there are no term limits. While in office, mayors are styled His/Her Worship.

Olivia Chow has served as the 66th and current mayor of Toronto since July 12, 2023, after winning the 2023 by-election.
Siege of Puebla
Several battles and sieges took place around the city of Puebla in Mexico:

The Siege of Puebla (1847) during the Mexican–American War;

The Siege of Puebla (1863) during the French intervention in Mexico.

Siege of Puebla (1863)
The siege of Puebla occurred between 16 March and 17 May 1863 during the Second French intervention in Mexico, between forces of the Second French Empire and forces of the Second Federal Republic of Mexico. The French were advancing toward Mexico City, and were blocked by Mexican troops at Puebla.
Little Buffalo State Park
Little Buffalo State Park is a Pennsylvania state park on 923 acres (3.7 km2) in Centre and Juniata Townships, Perry County, Pennsylvania in the United States. The park is a historical destination as well as a recreational destination. Visitors to the park can cross a covered bridge and observe a restored and operating grist mill. The park is also home to Holman Lake a popular fishing lake in Perry County and several hundred acres are open to hunting. Little Buffalo State Park is a mile southwest of Newport just off Pennsylvania Route 34.

Covered bridge
A covered bridge is a timber-truss bridge with a roof, decking, and siding, which in most covered bridges create an almost complete enclosure. The purpose of the covering is to protect the wooden structural members from the weather. Uncovered wooden bridges typically have a lifespan of only 20 years because of the effects of rain and sun, but a covered bridge can last over 100 years. In the United States, only about 1 in 10 survived the 20th century. The relatively small number of surviving bridges is due to deliberate replacement, neglect, and the high cost of restoration.

Surviving covered bridges often attract touristic attention due to their rarity, quaint appearance, and bucolic settings. Many are considered historic and have been the subject of historic preservation campaigns.
Hamilton Wetland Restoration Project
The Hamilton Wetland Restoration Project, now known as the Hamilton/Bel Marin Keys Wetlands Restoration, is a wetlands habitat restoration project at the former Hamilton Air Force Base—Hamilton Army Airfield (1930−1988) site and adjacent Bel Marin Keys shoreline, in Marin County, California.

It is located at Whiteside Marsh on the northwestern shore of San Pablo Bay, in and adjacent to the city of Novato in the North Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area.

Novato, California
Novato (Spanish for "Novatus") is a city in Marin County, California, United States, situated in the North Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area. At the 2020 census, Novato had a population of 53,225.
Chris Nugai
Christopher Nugai (born c. 1969) is an American college football coach. He was the head football coach for Fitchburg State College—now known as Fitchburg State University—from 1996 to 1997. He also coached for King's (PA), Maine, Yale, Coast Guard, Tufts, Columbia, Harvard, UConn, the Hamilton Tiger-Cats and Winnipeg Blue Bombers of the Canadian Football League (CFL), Holy Cross, New Haven, Wagner, and Post. He played college football for American International and Worcester State as a quarterback.

Wagner Seahawks football
The Wagner Seahawks football program is the intercollegiate American football team for Wagner College located in the U.S. state of New York. The team competes in the NCAA Division I Football Championship Subdivision (FCS) and are members of the Northeast Conference. Wagner's first football team was fielded in 1927. The team plays its home games at the 3,300 seat Wagner College Stadium in Staten Island, New York. The Seahawks are coached by Tom Masella.
Thaenmozhi B.A
Thenmozhi B.k-Uratchi Mandra Thalaivar is a Tamil-language drama that aired on Star Vijay. It premiered on 26 August 2019, starring Jacquline Lydia and Siddharth. The show is a remake of the Star Bharat Hindi series  Nimki Mukhiya. The series was abruptly halted on 4 January 2021, before the storyline was completed and relaunched on 18 January 2021, replacing Bigg Boss Tamil.

Star Vijay
Star Vijay is an Indian Tamil language general entertainment pay television channel owned by JioStar, a joint venture between Viacom18 and Disney India. The channel telecasts programmes such as serials, reality shows & Tamil films.
Julie Jarvis
Julie Jarvis is an American politician serving as a Republican member of the Wyoming House of Representatives for the 57th district. She graduated from the University of Bridgeport with a bachelor's in 2000, and a master's in 2001. She earned a doctorate from the University of Connecticut in 2018. Jarvis was born in Buffalo, Wyoming, and raised on a farm near there. She is a Christian.

Wyoming House of Representatives
The Wyoming House of Representatives is the lower house of the Wyoming State Legislature. There are 62 Representatives in the House, representing an equal number of single-member constituent districts across the state, each with a population of at least 9,000. The House convenes at the Wyoming State Capitol in Cheyenne.

Members of the House serve two year terms without term limits. Term limits were declared unconstitutional by the Wyoming Supreme Court in 2004, overturning a decade-old law that had restricted Representatives to six terms (twelve years).

The current Speaker of the House is Chip Neiman.
Militia Act 1786
The Militia Act 1786 (26 Geo. 3. c. 107) was an act of the Parliament of Great Britain that consolidated acts relating to the Militia of Great Britain.

The act was noted by William Blackstone as going further than previous militia acts by providing the power of the Sovereign to shorten the prorogation of Parliament in case of certain emergencies.

Prorogation in the United Kingdom
In United Kingdom constitutional law, prorogation is an act usually used to mark the end of a parliamentary session. Part of the royal prerogative, it is the name given to the period between the end of a session of the UK Parliament and the State Opening of Parliament that begins the next session. The average length of prorogation since 2000 (i.e. calendar days between the date of a new session and prorogation of the previous Session) is approximately 18 days. The parliamentary session may also be prorogued before Parliament is dissolved. The power to prorogue Parliament belongs to the monarch, on the advice of the Privy Council. Like all prerogative powers, it is not left to the personal discretion of the monarch but is to be exercised, on the advice of the prime minister, according to law.