hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cape Amsterdam
Cape Amsterdam (Norwegian: Kapp Amsterdam) is a headland in Nordenskiöld Land on Spitsbergen on Svalbard. Headland marks the northwestern entrance to Svea Gulf that continues north to Sveagruva.

Cape Amsterdam is 15 km from Sveagruva and shipping port of the Store Norske Spitsbergen Kulkompani. The coal is transported by trucks from there to the quay. In March 2011 there was a coal fire in a pile of around 80,000 tons of coal at Cape Amsterdam.

In September 1946, listed building workers from Sveagruva built a beacon at the entrance to Sveagruva. The Lykta was operational from 17 September that year.

Cape Amsterdam is named after the Swedish company A / B Svea steamship Amsterdam that anchored in the area on 11 August 1917.

Nordenskiöld Land
Nordenskiöld Land is the land area between Isfjorden and Van Mijenfjorden on Spitsbergen, Svalbard. The area is named after Finnish-Swedish explorer and geologist Nils Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld. The coastal region of Nordenskiöld Land (Nordenskiøldkysten) has been identified as an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International because it supports breeding populations of barnacle geese and common eiders.
1961 Washington Senators season
The 1961 Washington Senators season was the team's inaugural season, having been established as a replacement for the previous franchise of the same name, which relocated to the Twin Cities of Minnesota following the 1960 season, becoming the Minnesota Twins. The Senators finished in a tie for ninth place in the ten-team American League with a record of 61–100, 47+1⁄2 games behind the World Champion New York Yankees. It was also the team's only season at Griffith Stadium before moving its games to D.C. Stadium for the following season. The expansion team drew 597,287 fans, tenth and last in the circuit. The old Senators had drawn 743,404 fans in 1960.

1960 Major League Baseball expansion draft
The 1960 Major League Baseball expansion draft was held by Major League Baseball on December 14, 1960, to fill the rosters of the Los Angeles Angels and the Washington Senators.

The Angels and Senators were new franchises due to enter the American League (AL) the following season as part of the 1961 Major League Baseball expansion. The Angels became the AL's first team to be based on the West Coast of the United States, while the Senators took the place of the league's original Washington Senators franchise, which had moved to Minneapolis–Saint Paul as the Minnesota Twins after the 1960 season.

The draft, held in Boston, site of AL headquarters, had been scheduled for Tuesday, December 13, 1960, but had to be postponed one day due to a heavy snowstorm that struck the New England region.
Berkovci, Križevci
Berkovci (pronounced [ˈbeːɾkɔu̯tsi], German: Werkofzen) is a village in the Municipality of Križevci in northeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Mura Statistical Region.

A small chapel in the settlement was built in the late 19th century.

Mura Statistical Region
The Mura Statistical Region (Slovene: pomurska statistična regija) is a statistical region in northeast Slovenia. It is predominantly agricultural with field crops representing over three-quarters of the total agricultural area (twice as much as the Slovene average). Climate and soil combined have made it the region with the highest crop production, but its geographical position and inferior infrastructure put it at a disadvantage and it is the region of Slovenia with the lowest GDP per capita (EUR 12,267) and the highest rate of registered unemployment.
Secretary-General of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation
The secretary general of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (Arabic: أمين عام منظمة التعاون الإسلامي; French: Secrétaire général de l'Organisation de la coopération islamique), is the chief administrative officer of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) and the head of the General Secretariat and other organs of the OIC. A secretary general is elected by the recommendation of the OIC Council of Foreign Ministers from the 57 member states for a renewable term of five years.

It is the main post within the OIC elected under the maxims of equity and its principals. OIC's secretary general is the second highest intergovernmental organization head after the Secretary-General of the United Nations while the undersecretary general is the second highest position within the framework of the OIC's decision implementation. Any member state is entitled to be eligible for the post with rotation and equal opportunity, integrity and experience.

Integrity
Integrity is the quality of being honest and having a consistent and uncompromising adherence to strong moral and ethical principles and values.
In ethics, integrity is regarded as the honesty and truthfulness or earnestness of one's actions. Integrity can stand in opposition to hypocrisy. It regards internal consistency as a virtue, and suggests that people who hold apparently conflicting values should account for the discrepancy or alter those values.

The word integrity evolved from the Latin adjective integer, meaning whole or complete. In this context, integrity is the inner sense of "wholeness" deriving from qualities such as honesty and consistency of character.
Zygopolis
Zygopolis (Ancient Greek: Ζυγόπολις) was a town of ancient Pontus, in the neighbourhood of Colchis mentioned by Strabo. Stephanus of Byzantium conjectures that it was in the territory of the Zygii, which, however, does not agree with Strabo's description.

Its site is unlocated.

Stephanus of Byzantium
Stephanus or Stephen of Byzantium (Latin: Stephanus Byzantinus; Ancient Greek: Στέφανος Βυζάντιος, Stéphanos Byzántios; fl. 6th century AD) was an Eastern Roman grammarian and the author of an important geographical dictionary entitled Ethnica (Ἐθνικά). Only meagre fragments of the dictionary survive, but the epitome is extant, compiled by one Hermolaus, not otherwise identified.
South West African mark
The South West African mark was a temporary currency issued in South West Africa between 1916, after the withdrawal of the German South West African mark, and prior to the introduction of the South African pound in 1918.

A number of notes were denominated in South West African marks and pfennigs, especially by the Swakopmund Bookshop that issued 10-, 25-, and 50-pfennig, and 1-, 2-, and 3-mark notes.

A two-mark Swakopmunder Buchhandlung note issued in 1916

A ten-pfennig Swakopmunder Buchhandlung note issued in 1916

German South West Africa
German South West Africa (German: Deutsch-Südwestafrika) was a colony of the German Empire from 1884 until 1915, when it was captured by the Western Allies during World War I. However, Germany did not officially recognise its loss of this territory until the 1919 Treaty of Versailles.

German rule over this territory was punctuated by numerous rebellions by its native African peoples, which culminated in a campaign of German reprisals from 1904 to 1908 known as the Herero and Nama genocide.

In 1915, during World War I, German South West Africa was invaded by the Allies in the form of South African and British forces. After the war, its administration was taken over by the Union of South Africa (a dominion within the British Empire) and the territory was administered as South West Africa under a League of Nations mandate. It became independent as Namibia on 21 March 1990.
Suillus serotinus
Suillus serotinus is a species of bolete fungus found in eastern North America. Originally described as a species of Boletus by American botanist Charles Christopher Frost in 1874, it was transferred to Suillus in 1996. The bolete has a dark red brown and sticky cap up to 12 cm (4.7 in) in diameter. The pore surface is initially white before turning reddish brown in age; the angular pores number from 1 to 3 per millimeter. Mushroom flesh slowly stains bluish after injury, later becoming purplish gray then finally reddish brown. The fungus grows in a mycorrhizal association with larch and fruits on the ground scattered or in groups. The spore print is purplish brown; spores are oblong to ellipsoid, smooth, and measure 8–12 by 4–5 μm. The fruit bodies are edible, but lack any distinctive taste or odor.

Larch
Larches are deciduous conifers in the genus Larix, of the family Pinaceae. Growing to as much as 60 m (195 ft) tall, they are native to the cooler regions of the Northern Hemisphere. They grow in lowland forests in the far north, and high in mountains further south. Larches are among the dominant plants in the boreal forests of Siberia and Canada, making them the most abundant genus of trees on earth. Larch wood is tough and relatively durable; it is used in boatbuilding, cladding, decking, garden furniture, fencing, and construction. Products extracted from larch include arabinogalactan, rosin, turpentine, and an essential oil.
Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences
Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all areas of photochemistry and photobiology. It was established in 2002 and is published by  Springer Science+Business Media on behalf of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology. The editors-in-chief are Dario Bassani (University of Bordeaux) and Rex Tyrrell (University of Bath).

Photochemistry
Photochemistry is the branch of chemistry concerned with the chemical effects of light. Generally, this term is used to describe a chemical reaction caused by absorption of ultraviolet (wavelength from 100 to 400 nm), visible (400–750 nm), or infrared radiation (750–2500 nm).

In nature, photochemistry is of immense importance as it is the basis of photosynthesis, vision, and the formation of vitamin D with sunlight. It is also responsible for the appearance of DNA mutations leading to skin cancers.

Photochemical reactions proceed differently than temperature-driven reactions. Photochemical paths access high-energy intermediates that cannot be generated thermally, thereby overcoming large activation barriers in a short period of time, and allowing reactions otherwise inaccessible by thermal processes.  Photochemistry can also be destructive, as illustrated by the photodegradation of plastics.
Yupik peoples
The Yupik (/ˈjuːpɪk/; Russian: Юпикские народы) are a group of Indigenous or Aboriginal peoples of western, southwestern, and southcentral Alaska and the Russian Far East. They are closely related to the Inuit and Iñupiat. Yupik peoples include the following:

Alutiiq, or Sugpiaq, of the Alaska Peninsula and coastal and island areas of southcentral Alaska.

Yupʼik or Central Alaskan Yupʼik of the Yukon–Kuskokwim Delta, the Kuskokwim River, and along the northern coast of Bristol Bay as far east as Nushagak Bay and the northern Alaska Peninsula at Naknek River and Egegik Bay in Alaska.

Siberian Yupik, including Naukan, Chaplino, and—in a linguistic capacity—the Sirenik of the Russian Far East and St. Lawrence Island in western Alaska.

Egegik Bay
Egegik Bay (Yup'ik: Igyagiim painga) is a bay located just 69.1 miles from Dillingham in Alaska and the northeastern arm of the Bristol Bay. The Egegik (Igyagiiq in Yup'ik) village is located on a high bluff along the southern shore of the Egegik River at the upper extent of Egegik Bay. The nearest places to Egegik Bay are Coffee Point (3 km north), Coffee Point (4 km north), Goose Point (4 km north), Egegik Airport (5 km west), and Bartletts Airport (6 km north).
Melih Onuş
Melih Onuş (8 February 1981 – 10 September 2020) was a Turkish mathematician, computer engineer and scientist. He represented Turkey in 1998 and 1999, at the International Mathematical Olympiad and was awarded a bronze and a silver medal, respectively. He died in the COVID-19 pandemic.

Bilkent University
Bilkent University (Turkish: Bilkent Üniversitesi) is a private non-profit research university located in Ankara, Turkey. It was founded by İhsan Doğramacı, the  first president of the Council of Higher Education and the head of the prominent Doğramacı family,  with the aim of creating a center of excellence in higher education and research in 1984. It has constantly been ranked among the top Turkish universities since its establishment. In 2011, it was ranked 112th in the world by Times World University Rankings. Bilkent University was the first non-profit private university established in the country. The name Bilkent is an abbreviation of bilim kenti, meaning "city of science" in Turkish.
Lars Olsen
Lars Christian Olsen (born 2 February 1961) is a Danish former footballer and current manager, who was most recently the manager of Esbjerg fB in the Danish Superliga. He started his coaching career with Randers in 2003, guiding them to promotion for the Danish Superliga. He led the team to the 2006 Danish Cup trophy, and Olsen was named 2006 Danish Manager of the Year. He then coached Odense BK from 2007 to 2010.

In his active career, Olsen played in the central defense position. He won six Danish championships with Brøndby IF and the 1992 Turkish Cup with Trabzonspor. Olsen played 84 matches and scored four goals for the Denmark national team from 1986 to 1996, and was named 1988 Danish Player of the Year. He was team captain of the Danish national team in a record 69 matches, and captained the Denmark team that won the 1992 European Championship.

Danish 1st Division
The 1st Division (1. Division) is the second-highest football league in Denmark, also known as Betinia LIGA for sponsorship reasons. From 1945 to 1991, the 1. Division was the name of the highest level of football in Denmark. With the formation of the Danish Superliga, the 1st Division became the second tier of Danish football. While all the teams in the Superliga are full-time professional the 1. Division has a mixture of full-time professional and semi-professional teams.

The top-ranking teams each year win promotion to the Superliga, while the bottom finishers get relegated to the Danish 2nd Division.

Viaplay broadcasts all matches from the league.
Mines of Spain State Recreation Area and E. B. Lyons Nature Center
The Mines of Spain State Recreation Area and E. B. Lyons Nature Center is a state park located along the southern edge of the city of Dubuque, Iowa, United States. The 1,439-acre (582 ha) park features picnic areas, 16.5 miles (26.6 km) of walking/hiking trails, 3.5 miles (5.6 km) of ski trails, and the Betty Hauptli Bird and Butterfly Garden. It also includes archaeological sites of national importance as an early lead mining and smelting venture led by French explorer Julien Dubuque, as well as Dubuque's gravesite. These sites have been collectively designated a National Historic Landmark District as Julien Dubuque's Mines.

National Historic Landmark District
A National Historic Landmark District (NHLD) is a geographical area that has received recognition from the United States Government that the buildings, landscapes, cultural features and archaeological resources within it are of the highest significance and worthy of preservation.
Manuel Becerra Bermúdez
Manuel Becerra Bermúdez (20 October 1820 – 19 December 1896) was a Spanish politician, mathematician and revolutionary. A Republican who would later embrace monarchism, he went on to assume the ministerial portfolios of Overseas and Development during the Sexenio Democrático, returning for two additional spells as Overseas minister during the regency of Maria Christina of Austria.

Sexenio Democrático
The Sexenio Revolucionario or Sexenio Democrático ("six revolutionary/democratic years") is a period of six years between 1868 and 1874 in the history of Spain.

The Sexenio Democrático starts on 29 September 1868 with the overthrow of Queen Isabella II of Spain after the Glorious Revolution, and ends on 29 December 1874 with the Bourbon Restoration, when Isabella's son Alfonso XII became King after a coup d'état by Arsenio Martínez-Campos.

The sexenio spawned the most progressive 19th-century Spanish constitution, the 1869 Constitution, the one dedicating the most space to the rights of the Spanish citizens.

Three phases can be distinguished in Sexenio Democrático:

The Provisional Government (1868–1871) of the Kingdom of Spain (September 1868 – January 1871)

The rule of King Amadeo I of Spain over the Kingdom of Spain (January 1871 – February 1873)

The First Spanish Republic (February 1873 – December 1874)

The Sexenio Democrático was a politically very unstable period.
USS Makin Island
Two ships of the United States Navy have borne the name USS Makin Island, named for Makin Island, target of the U.S. Marine Raiders' raid early in World War II.

The first USS Makin Island (CVE-93), was a Casablanca-class escort carrier, launched in 1944 and stricken in 1946.

The second USS Makin Island (LHD-8), is a Wasp-class amphibious assault ship. She was launched on 15 Sep 2006 and was commissioned in October 2009.

Raid on Makin Island
The raid on Makin Island was an attack by Marine Raiders of the United States Marine Corps on the Japanese-controlled Makin Island from August 17–18, 1942. Aims of the raid included destroying local installations, acquiring prisoners of war and military intelligence on the Gilbert Islands, and diverting Japanese attention and reinforcements from the Guadalcanal campaign and battle of Tulagi and Gavutu–Tanambogo. Only the first of these objectives were achieved, but the raid did boost morale and provide a test for Raider tactics.
Zapoteco de la Sierra sur, noroeste
Zapoteco de la Sierra sur, noroeste is a name used by INALI for a variety of Zapotec recognized by the Mexican government.  It corresponds to three ISO languages:

Mixtepec Zapotec (ISO 639-3: zte), spoken in Villa Sola de Vega, Oaxaca

Zaniza Zapotec (ISO 639-3: zpw), spoken in western Oaxaca

Elotepec Zapotec (ISO 639-3: zpm), spoken in Oaxaca

Mixtepec Zapotec
Mixtepec Zapotec (San Juan Mixtepec Zapotec, Eastern Miahuatlán Zapotec) is an Oto-Manguean language of Oaxaca, Mexico. It is reported to have 80% intelligibility with Lapaguía Zapotec, but with only 45% intelligibility in the other direction.

The variety of San Jose Lachiguiri is perhaps a separate language.
2017 Sudirman Cup knockout stage
The knockout stage of the 2017 badminton Sudirman Cup was the final phase of the competition, following the group stage. It began on May 25 with the quarterfinals and concluded on May 28 with the final match of the tournament, which was held at the Carrara Sports and Leisure Centre in Gold Coast, Australia.

The top two teams from each group (eight in total) advanced to the knockout stage, competing in a single-elimination tournament. Meanwhile, the teams from Groups 2 and 3 (fourteen in total) advanced to the classification stage, where they also competed in a single-elimination tournament.

Sudirman Cup
The Sudirman Cup is an international badminton mixed team competition contested by member countries of the Badminton World Federation, the sport's global governing body. The championship has been awarded every two years since the inaugural tournament in 1989. It used to be held at the same venue for the World Championships in the same year until the International Badminton Federation, now the BWF, decided to split the two tournaments starting from 2003. There are five matches in every Sudirman Cup tie which consists of men and women's singles, men and women's doubles, and mixed doubles. The cup is named after Sudirman (1922–1986), a former Indonesian badminton player. The current champion is China, which won its 14th title at the 2025 tournament in China.

There is no prize money in Sudirman Cup; players play for their respective countries and to earn BWF World Ranking points and national prestige.
George Horsley
George Horsley (22 June 1836 – 2 December 1895) was a Hartlepool ship-owner, alderman and mayor of Hartlepool in 1875 and 1876.

His oldest son was Matthew Henry Horsley (1867–1925) who entered the family firm and became a noted ship-owner himself.

He married Alethea Anne. He is buried at Spion Kop Cemetery with his wife.

Spion Kop Cemetery
Spion Kop Cemetery, originally known as Hartlepool Cemetery, is a disused cemetery on the coast in Hartlepool in England. It was opened in 1856 to replace St Hilda's Church, Hartlepool churchyard and designed by John Dobson. The area took its name from the Battle of Spion Kop in 1900 during the Boer War.

The cemetery was formed from a combination of sand dune and ship's ballast. It is closed to new burials and is now managed as a local nature reserve. Species found there include thrift, the pyramidal orchid, and the lesser meadow-rue.
Central Yunnan
Central Yunnan (Chinese: 滇中) refers to the region of Yunnan province, China, consisting of Kunming, Dali, Chuxiong, Yuxi, and 7 counties of northern Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture (Mengzi, Gejiu, Jianshui, Kaiyuan, Mile, Luxi, and Shiping). It accounts for 44.1% of Yunnan's population, and 61.6% of the province's GDP.

The region is considered poor for urban agglomerations in China, suffering from water shortage and limited infrastructure. Government plans call for urbanization of the region, and linking Kunming and Yuxi into one large agglomeration.

Geographically, Central Yunnan is relatively flat compared to the rest of Yunnan and has a larger area of arable land.

In 2015, the State Council approved the Central Yunnan New Area.

Jianshui County
Jianshui County (Chinese: 建水县; pinyin: Jiànshuǐ Xiàn; Hani: Jeifsyu; Yi: ꏧꎴ / jiep sho) is a city in Honghe prefecture, Yunnan province, China. It was historic center of the province and remains an important transportation crossroad. Previously, it has been known as Lin'an (Chinese: 临安) or Huili (Chinese: 惠历); today, the name Lin'an Town is retained by Jianshui's county seat.
Tadepalligudem revenue division
Tadepalligudem revenue division is an administrative division in the West Godavari district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is one of the 3 Revenue Divisions in the district with 5 mandals under its administration with headquarters at Tadepalligudem.

Tadepalligudem
Tadepalligudem is a city in West Godavari district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. Tadepalligudem is the judicial headquarter of West Godavari. It is a Selection Grade municipality and the mandal headquarters of Tadepalligudem mandal and Tadepalligudem Revenue Division. It is one of the largest cities in West Godavari district
Pickapeppa Sauce
Pickapeppa Sauce, also known as Jamaican ketchup, is a brand-name Jamaican condiment, the main product of the Pickapeppa Company, founded in 1921. It is made in Shooters Hill, Jamaica, near Mandeville. The ingredients (in order on the product label) are cane vinegar, sugar, tomatoes, onions, raisins, sea salt, ginger, peppers, garlic, cloves, black pepper, thyme, mangoes, and orange peel, aged in oak barrels. The sauce is sweet, sour, and mildly spicy. The company makes several variants of the sauce, including mango and extra-hot Scotch bonnet pepper varieties.

One traditional use of the sauce is to pour it over a block of cream cheese, to be spread on crackers.

A noted fan of Pickapeppa sauce is supermodel Naomi Campbell, who carries a bottle with her.

Supermodel
A supermodel is a highly paid fashion model who has a worldwide reputation and background in haute couture and commercial modeling. The term became popular in the 1990s.
Supermodels usually work for prominent fashion designers and clothing brands. They may have multimillion-dollar contracts, endorsements, and campaigns. Supermodels have branded themselves as household names and worldwide recognition is associated with their modeling careers. They have been on the covers of leading fashion magazines. Claudia Schiffer stated in 2007 that, "In order to become a supermodel one must be on all the covers all over the world at the same time so that people can recognise the girls."