hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Monach Formation
The Monach Formation is a geologic formation of Early Cretaceous (Valanginian) age in the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin that consists primarily of sandstone. It is present in the northern foothills of the Canadian Rockies and the adjacent plains in northeastern British Columbia.

Western Canada Sedimentary Basin
The Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (WCSB) underlies 1.4 million square kilometres (540,000 sq mi) of Western Canada including southwestern Manitoba, southern Saskatchewan, Alberta, northeastern British Columbia and the southwest corner of the Northwest Territories. This vast sedimentary basin consists of a massive wedge of sedimentary rock extending from the Rocky Mountains in the west to the Canadian Shield in the east. This wedge is about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) thick under the Rocky Mountains, but thins to zero at its eastern margins. The WCSB contains one of the world's largest reserves of petroleum and natural gas and supplies much of the North American market, producing more than 450 million cubic metres (16 billion cubic feet) per day of gas in 2000. It also has huge reserves of coal. Of the provinces and territories within the WCSB, Alberta has most of the oil and gas reserves and almost all of the oil sands.
Joshua Pearce
Joshua M. Pearce is an academic engineer at Western University and a fellow of the Canadian Academy of Engineering. He is known for his work on protocrystallinity, photovoltaic technology, agrivoltaics, open-source-appropriate technology, and open-source hardware including RepRap 3D printers and recyclebots.

Open-source appropriate technology
Open-source appropriate technology (OSAT) is appropriate technology developed through the principles of the open-design movement. Appropriate technology is technology designed with special consideration for the environmental, ethical, cultural, social, political, and economic aspects of the community it is intended for. Open design is public and licensed to allow it to be used, modified, and distributed freely.
1848 in birding and ornithology
Wilhelm Gueinzius ornithological collection sold to the museum of Leipzig University

Ludwig Becker leaves Germany during the 1848 revolution. Many scientists left Europe at this time.

Thomas Richard Heywood Thomson and  William Allen publish A narrative of the expedition sent by Her Majesty's government to the river Niger, in 1841, under the command of Capt. H. D. Trotter, R.N

Hugh Edwin Strickland  publishes The Dodo and its Kindred

Death of Ludwig Leichhardt

Joseph Wolf arrives in London and begins work at the British Museum

Ongoing events

Fauna Japonica

Niger River
The Niger River (/ˈnaɪdʒər/ NY-jər; French: (le) fleuve Niger [(lə) flœv niʒɛʁ]) is the main river of West Africa, extending about 4,180 kilometres (2,600 miles). Its drainage basin is 2,117,700 km2 (817,600 sq mi) in area. Its source is in the Guinea Highlands in south-eastern Guinea near the Sierra Leone border. It runs in a crescent shape through southwest Mali and through southwest Niger, on the border with Benin, and then through Nigeria, discharging through a massive delta, known as the Niger Delta, into the Gulf of Guinea in the Atlantic Ocean. The Niger is the 14th-longest river in the world and the third-longest river in Africa, exceeded by the Nile and the Congo River. Its main tributary is the Benue River.
Marcelo Ferreira
Marcelo Bastos Ferreria (born 26 September 1965) is a Brazilian sailor and Olympic champion. He received a gold medal in the Star Class at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta with Torben Grael. He received a bronze medal at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, and won a gold medal at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens.

Ferreira is World champion from 1990 and 1997, and seven times Brazilian champion (1989, 1996, 1998, 2000, 2001, 2002 and 2003).

In 2005-06, he was a crewmember on Brasil 1 in the Volvo Ocean Race.

Sailing at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Sailing/Yachting is an Olympic sport starting from the Games of the 1st Olympiad (1896 Olympics in Athens, Greece). With the exception of 1904 and possibly the canceled 1916 Summer Olympics, sailing has always been included on the Olympic schedule. The Sailing program of 1996 consisted of a total of ten sailing classes (disciplines). For each class, with the exception of the Soling, eleven races were scheduled from 22 July to 2 August 1996 off the coast of Savannah at the Wassaw Sound (an area of the Atlantic Ocean). For the Soling ten fleetraces were scheduled followed by a series of matchraces for the top 6 boats of the fleetrace result.
Tim Cordes
Tim Cordes is a blind American physician who earned a Doctor of Medicine degree from the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 2005, and is the second blind person ever to be accepted to an American school of medicine. Valedictorian of University of Notre Dame with a Bachelor of Science in biochemistry, Cordes has also earned a black belt in jiu-jitsu, and carried the Olympic Torch through Wisconsin in 2002. As an infant, he was diagnosed with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy, which caused his blindness. Since adolescence, Cordes has been assisted by a guide dog. Cordes attended Columbus High School in Waterloo, Iowa.

Cordes created a program called TimMol to represent atoms in protein structures musically instead of graphically as is more common for biochemistry software. Different elements are represented by different musical instruments, and spatial coordinates x, y, and z are represented by varying the notes' left-right position, loudness, and pitch respectively.

Black belt
In East Asian martial arts, the black belt is associated with expertise, but may indicate only competence, depending on the martial art. The use of colored belts is a relatively recent invention dating from the 1880s.
Maldon Rural District
51°39′50″N 0°46′12″E﻿ / ﻿51.664°N 0.770°E﻿ / 51.664; 0.770

Maldon Rural District was a rural district in Essex, England, from 1894 to 1974. It covered a group of rural parishes around the town of Maldon, where the council was based, but did not include the town itself. It was abolished in 1974 to become part of the new Maldon District.

Heybridge, Maldon
Heybridge is a large village and civil parish in the Maldon district of Essex, England. It is adjacent to the town of Maldon, near the River Blackwater. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 8,312.

Heybridge has a number of residential areas, most recognisable is the newer Bovis housing estates to the west of the town, which were built in 1995. Before building commenced, a full archaeological dig was undertaken and the excavations showed the existence of an important Iron Age settlement and ritual complex, a large Roman settlement and a succeeding Saxon settlement, as well as scattered pre-historic remains. Along the Goldhanger road to the east are situated a number of traditional British holiday campsites, catering for both permanent residents and visitors.
Lisa Komine
Lisa Komine (コミネリサ, Komine Risa; alt. 小峰理紗; born 3 July 1978), stylized as lisa, is a Japanese singer-songwriter. She is known for her songs that were featured in several broadcast anime shows. She is signed under the Flying Dog label. Some of the anime shows include: Gosick, Psychic Detective Yakumo, Linebarrels of Iron, Melody of Oblivion, Mobile Suit Gundam SEED, Rental Magica, and Ristorante Paradiso.

Melody of Oblivion
The Melody of Oblivion (忘却の旋律, Bōkyaku no Senritsu) is a Japanese manga series by Shinji Katakura. The series was published through Kadokawa Comics through Shōnen Ace between 2002 and 2004.

An anime television series adaptation produced by Gainax and animated by J.C.Staff aired between April 7, 2004, and September 21, 2004, on TBS. A Game Boy Advance game was published through Bandai for Japanese markets.
Dill Scallion
Dill Scallion is a 1999 American mockumentary film that follows the rise and fall of a country-western singer, Dill Scallion. It was written and directed by Jordan Brady. It is known for its eclectic cast including Lauren Graham, Kathy Griffin, David Koechner, Henry Winkler, Dave "Gruber" Allen, Wayne Federman, Jason Priestley, Robert Wagner, Dana Gould, Peter Berg, Michael Rodgers, Rachel Grate, and Spencer Garrett, as well as cameos from country western singers LeAnn Rimes, Travis Tritt, and Willie Nelson. Michael Rodgers and Sheryl Crow wrote most of the music for the film.

The film was released in 1999 only on VHS. A collectors edition DVD was released in 2000.

Spencer Garrett
Spencer Garrett Heckenkamp (born September 19, 1963) is an American actor. He is best known for his roles in the films Air Force One (1997), 21 (2008), Public Enemies (2009), All the Way (2016), and The Front Runner (2018).

He is the son of actress Kathleen Nolan and personal manager Richard Heckenkamp.
Sabrina Jones
Sabrina Jones (born on October 6, 1960, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) is an American painter and comic book artist, writer, illustrator, and editor. In addition to her own graphic novels, she is associated with artist/activist collectives such as Carnival Knowledge and underground comics such as GirlTalk and World War 3 Illustrated.

Paul Buhle
Paul Merlyn Buhle (born September 27, 1944) is an American historian, who is (retired) Senior Lecturer at Brown University, author or editor of 35 volumes, including histories of radicalism in the United States and the Caribbean, studies of popular culture, and a series of nonfiction comic art volumes. He is the authorized biographer of C. L. R. James.
William Ross Smyth
William Ross Smyth CBE (January 3, 1857 – September 7, 1932) was an Ontario merchant and political figure. He represented Algoma in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1902 to 1908 and Algoma East in the House of Commons of Canada from 1908 to 1917 as a Conservative member.

He was born in Thomroam, Tarves, Aberdeenshire, Scotland, the son of Francis Smyth. In 1879, he married Nancy Burden. Smyth was a lumber merchant. He was also president of the Nancy Helen Mine. He led the 238th Battalion of the Canadian Expeditionary Force during World War I. He was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire in the 1919 New Year Honours.

Algoma—Manitoulin—Kapuskasing
Algoma—Manitoulin—Kapuskasing was a federal electoral district in Ontario, Canada, that has been represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 2004 until 2023. The area was represented by the riding of Algoma from 1867 to 1904 and from 1968 to 1996 and then by Algoma—Manitoulin from 1996 to 2004. In 2023 the riding was dissolved with parts going to Kapuskasing—Timmins—Mushkegowuk, Sault Ste. Marie—Algoma, Sudbury East—Manitoulin—Nickel Belt, and Thunder Bay—Superior North.
Russarö
Russarö is an island south of Hanko. The island is closed to the public as it is military area of the Finnish Defence Forces. The island hosts the five-story Russarö Lighthouse built in 1863 and a Finnish Meteorological Institute weather station.

Finnish Meteorological Institute
The Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI; Finnish: Ilmatieteen laitos; Swedish: Meteorologiska institutet) is the government agency responsible for gathering and reporting weather data and forecasts in Finland. It is a part of the Ministry of Transport and Communications but it operates semi-autonomously.

The Institute is an impartial research and service organisation with expertise covering a wide range of atmospheric science activities other than gathering and reporting weather data and forecasts. The headquarters of the Institute is in Kumpula Campus, Helsinki, Finland.
Kaluram Rai
Kaluram Rai is a Nepalese politician, belonging to the CPN (UML) Party. He is currently serving as a member of the 2nd Federal Parliament of Nepal. In the 2022 Nepalese general election he was elected as a proportional representative from the indigenous people category.

2022 Nepalese general election
General elections were held in Nepal on 20 November 2022 to elect the 275 members of the House of Representatives. There were two ballots in the election; one to elect 165 members from single-member constituencies via FPTP, and the other to elect the remaining 110 members from a single nation-wide constituency via party-list proportional representation.

The election was held alongside provincial elections for the seven provincial assemblies.

After power sharing talks between the outgoing Democratic Left Alliance broke down on 25 December 2022, CPN (Maoist Centre) chairman Pushpa Kamal Dahal became prime minister, its eight-member cabinet consisting of MPs from his party, CPN (UML), Rastriya Swatantra Party and Janamat Party, with the confidence and supply of RPP, JSP, NUP and three independents.
Mansour Pourheidari
Mansour Pourheidari (Persian: منصور پورحیدری, 26 January 1946 – 4 November 2016) was an Iranian football player, coach and manager.

He started his football career at Daraei, before joining Taj (currently known as Esteghlal) in 1965. He played ten years for Taj; between 1965 and 1975. Pourheidari returned to Daraei in 1975 to play his final career's two years at the club. He also played for Iran albeit earning three caps only. After retiring from playing football, Pourheidari started his coaching career, becoming assistant manager of Esteghlal. He was promoted to the first team manager in 1983. He was the head coach of the club for nine years overall, managing them in 309 games. He is also the only Iranian who has won AFC Champions League as both player and coach. He was the head coach of Iran national team in 1998 Asian Games where they won the first place and gold medal. He was technical manager and a member of the board of directors of Esteghlal at the time of his death in 2016.

1990–91 Asian Club Championship
The 1990–91 Asian Club Championship was the 10th edition of the annual Asian club football competition hosted by Asian Football Confederation.
Representative clubs of 30 Asian countries played games in this tournament.
Esteghlal FC from Iran won the final and became Asian champions for the second time. They are championed in 1970 as Taj.
Despaigne
Despaigne is a Cuban surname. People with this name include:

Alfredo Despaigne, Cuban baseball player

Joël Despaigne, Cuban volleyball player

Lázaro Martínez Despaigne, Cuban sprinter

Oreidis Despaigne, Cuban judoka

Odrisamer Despaigne, Cuban baseball player

Rolando Jurquin Despaigne, Cuban volleyball player

Victoria Despaigne, Cuban heptathlete

Yordanis Despaigne, Cuban boxer

Yosvany Despaigne, Cuban judoka

Yosvany Despaigne
Yosvane  Despaigne Terry (born April 13, 1976, in Cienfuegos) is a male judoka from Cuba, who twice won the bronze medal in the men's middleweight division (– 90 kg) at the Pan American Games (1999 and 2003).

He represented his native country at three consecutive Summer Olympics, starting in 1996 in Atlanta, Georgia. His younger brother Oreidis Despaigne was also competing as a judoka on the international level.
Vatican Miracle Examiner
Vatican Miracle Examiner (Japanese: バチカン奇跡調査官, Hepburn: Bachikan Kiseki Chōsakan) is a Japanese light novel series written by Rin Fujiki and illustrated by THORES Shibamoto. The series began in 2007. A manga adaptation by Eiji Kaneda ran from 2012 to 2014, and a second one, illustrated by Anjue Hino, began serialization in 2016. An anime television series adaptation by J.C.Staff aired from July 7 to September 22, 2017.

Nobuhiko Okamoto
Nobuhiko Okamoto (岡本 信彦, Okamoto Nobuhiko; born October 24, 1986) is a Japanese voice actor and singer affiliated with Raccoon Dog. He won the Best New Actor Award at the 3rd Seiyu Awards and Best Supporting Actor Award at the 5th Seiyu Awards.
Astor Court Building
The Astor Court Building is a 12-story, 164 unit apartment building on Broadway between West 89th Street and 90th Street on the Upper West Side of Manhattan in New York City, built in 1916.  It was designed by architect Charles A. Platt for developer Vincent Astor. The twelve-story building is constructed around a landscaped courtyard. Architectural historian Christopher Gray believes that the landscape architect may have been Ellen Biddle Shipman. The building became a co-op in 1985.

Famous residents include Joy Behar from The View.

Christopher Gray (architectural historian)
Christopher Stewart Gray (April 24, 1950 – March 10, 2017) was an American journalist and architectural historian, noted for his weekly  column "Streetscapes" in The New York Times, about the history of New York City architecture, real estate and public improvements.
Midparent
In human genetics the midparent value of a trait is defined as the average of the trait value of the father and a scaled version of that of the mother. This value can be used in a study to analyze the data set without heeding sex effects. Studying quantitative traits in heritability studies may be complicated by sex differences observed for the trait.

Well-known examples include studies of humans' height, whose midparent value hmp is given by:

where hf is the father's height, and hm the mother's.

The coefficient 1.08 serves as a scaling factor. After the 1.08 scaling, the mean of the mother's height is the same as that of the father's, and the variance is closer to the father's; in this way, sex difference can be ignored.

Human genetics
Human genetics is the study of inheritance as it occurs in human beings. Human genetics encompasses a variety of overlapping fields including: classical genetics, cytogenetics, molecular genetics, biochemical genetics, genomics, population genetics, developmental genetics, clinical genetics, and genetic counseling.

Genes are the common factor of the qualities of most human-inherited traits. Study of human genetics can answer questions about human nature, can help understand diseases and the development of effective  treatment and help us to understand the genetics of human life. This article describes only basic features of human genetics; for the genetics of disorders please see: medical genetics.  For information on the genetics of DNA repair defects related to accelerated aging and/or increased risk of cancer please see: DNA repair-deficiency disorder.
Marnal
Marnal (Maranal) is a panchayat village in Shorapur taluka of Yadgir district in Karnataka state, India. Marnal is 4 km southwest of Bardevanhal. The nearest railhead is in Yadgir.

There are six villages in the Marnal gram panchayat: Marnal, Bassapur, Kamalpur, Mailapur, Mudilinganhal, and Yenniwadgera.

Yadgir
Yadgiri, also spelled as Yādagiri, is a city and the administrative headquarters of Yadgir district in the Indian state of Karnataka.  It is also the administrative headquarters of Yadgir Taluku, one of the six taluks of Yadgir.
John Criscitello
John Criscitello (born 1967 Binghamton, New York) is a multimedia video artist currently residing in Seattle, Washington. Criscitello studied visual art at the Munson-Williams-Proctor Arts Institute in Utica, New York. He has exhibited his work internationally in both solo and group exhibitions. He is also the founding director of a non-profit contemporary art space in Ithaca, New York, that does quarterly screening of videos and short films called "Video/Art/Ithaca".

Munson-Williams-Proctor Arts Institute
Munson (formally Munson-Williams-Proctor Arts Institute) is a regional fine arts center founded in 1919 and located in Utica, New York. The institute has three program divisions: museum of art, performing arts and school of art.
John Bollard (politician)
John Bollard (1839 or 1840 – 23 March 1915) was an independent conservative, then Reform Party (1908), Member of Parliament in New Zealand. He was elected to the Eden electorate in the 1896 general election, and retired in 1914.

1914 New Zealand general election
The 1914 New Zealand general election was held on 10 December to elect a total of 80 MPs to the 19th session of the New Zealand Parliament. The Maori vote was held on 11 December. A total number of 616,043 voters were registered, of which 84.7% voters turned out to vote.

The election saw William Massey's Reform Government maintain power.

The second-ballot voting system had been repealed in 1913, and first-past-the-post voting reinstated for the 1914 election.

Soldiers serving overseas in the NZEF were given a vote by the Expeditionary Forces Voting Act, 1914. They voted for a party (Liberal, Labour or Reform) and their votes were allocated to a candidate for their electorate by a representative of their party; which sometimes required the representative to choose between rival "Liberal" or "Labour" candidates.
Paul Hopkins (baseball)
Paul Henry Hopkins (September 25, 1904 – January 2, 2004) was an American right-handed relief pitcher in Major League Baseball who played for the Washington Senators (1927, 1929) and St. Louis Browns (1929).

Hopkins was born in Chester, Connecticut. His major league debut came on the same day that Babe Ruth hit his record-tying 59th home run on September 29, 1927. Hopkins said he did not know that he would be facing Ruth when he entered the game in the fifth inning with the bases loaded. He finished his career with a record of 1–1, 11 strikeouts, and a 2.96 earned run average in 11 games; he left St. Louis following the 1929 season after injuring a tendon.

Hopkins died in Deep River, Connecticut, at 99 years of age, having worked for the University of Illinois' RSC division for years. At the time of his death, he was the oldest living former major league player.

Deep River, Connecticut
Deep River is a town in Middlesex County, Connecticut, United States. The town is part of the Lower Connecticut River Valley Planning Region. The population was 4,415 at the 2020 census. The town center is designated by the U.S. Census Bureau as a census-designated place (CDP). Deep River is part of what the locals call the "Tri-town Area", made up of the towns of Deep River, Chester, and Essex.
Obenshain
Obenshain is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Chris Obenshain, American politician from Virginia

Kate Obenshain (born 1968), American journalist and politician, sister of Mark and daughter of Richard

Mark Obenshain (born 1962),  American politician and attorney

Richard D. Obenshain (1935–1978), American politician and attorney

Richard D. Obenshain
Richard Dudley Obenshain (October 31, 1935 – August 2, 1978) was an American politician and attorney. Obenshain had served as the chairman of the Republican Party of Virginia and was nominated in 1978 to run as the Republican nominee for the United States Senate but died prior to the election.
Jiří Marušák
Jiří Marušák (born 29 November 1975) is a Czech former professional ice hockey defenceman.

Marušák played in the Czech Extraliga for HC Zlín, BK Mladá Boleslav, HC Plzeň and HC Pardubice. He also played in the SM-liiga for Tappara, the Elitserien for Djurgårdens IF and in the Russian Superleague and its successor the Kontinental Hockey League for Metallurg Novokuznetsk, SKA Saint Petersburg, HC CSKA Moscow and HC MVD.

Russian Superleague
The Russian Superleague (Russian: Чемпионат России Суперлига, Russian Championship Superleague), commonly abbreviated as RSL, was the highest division of the main professional ice hockey league in Russia. It was considered the second-best league in the world, after the National Hockey League (NHL) of North America. It was a part of the Russian Pro Hockey League which was composed of three divisions — the Superleague, Major League (Vysshaya Liga), and First League (Pervaya Liga).

The league was rebranded after the 2007–08 season as the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL). The KHL absorbed all 20 teams from the previous RSL season, for a total of 24 for its inaugural campaign.