hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Castle Carrock
Castle Carrock is a village and civil parish on the B6413 road, in the
Cumberland District, in the English county of Cumbria about 3 miles (4.8 km) south of Brampton. The population of the Civil Parish was 303 in 2001 and rose to 328 by 2011.  It has a pub, The Duke of Cumberland, a  primary school and many walks. More recently Castle Carrock is known for 'Cumbria's Most Friendly Music Festival' Music on the Marr which takes place each year at the end of July. It attracts a diverse crop of music, entertainers, artists and poets from around the world.

Castle Carrock is surrounded on the south by Leath Ward, on the west by Cumrew and Carlatton, on the north by Brampton and Hayton, and on the east by Northumberland.

Cumberland
Cumberland (/ˈkʌmbərlənd/ KUM-bər-lənd) is an area of North West England which was historically a county. The county was bordered by Northumberland to the north-east, County Durham to the east, Westmorland to the south-east, Lancashire to the south, and the Scottish counties of Dumfriesshire and Roxburghshire to the north. The county included the city of Carlisle, part of the Lake District and North Pennines, and the Solway Firth coastline.

Cumberland had an administrative function from the 12th century until 1974, when it was subsumed into Cumbria with Westmorland as well as parts of Yorkshire and Lancashire. It gives its name to the unitary authority area of Cumberland, which has similar boundaries but excludes Penrith.
Eurasianet
Eurasianet is a news organisation based at Columbia University's Harriman Institute, the United States, that provides news, information and analysis on countries in Central Asia, the Caucasus region, Russia and Southwest Asia. Launched in 2000, it operated under the auspices of the Eurasia Project of the Open Society Foundations (OSF). Eurasianet spun off in 2016 to become a tax-exempt non-profit news organization. The organisation receives support from Google, OSF, the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office, the Arnold A. Saltzman Institute of War and Peace Studies, the National Endowment for Democracy and other grant-making institutions.

Eurasianet has won EPpy Awards for its special feature website on the Kyrgyz Revolution Revisited (2007) and for Best News website with under 250,000 monthly visitors (2011). It has also received numerous citations from the Webby Awards.

Arnold A. Saltzman Institute of War and Peace Studies
The Arnold A. Saltzman Institute of War and Peace Studies (SIWPS) is a research center that is part of Columbia University's School of International and Public Affairs in New York.  It was founded in 1951 by President of Columbia Dwight D. Eisenhower as the Institute of War and Peace Studies (IWPS) and was led for its first 25 years by Professor William T. R. Fox.  It was given its current name in 2003.  By its own description, the institute's researchers analyze "the political, military, historical, legal, economic, moral, psychological, and philosophical dimensions of international relations."
Carll House (Dix Hills, New York)
Carll House is a historic home located on Deer Park Avenue across from the vicinity of the intersection with Wolf Hill Road in Dix Hills in Suffolk County, New York. It was built about 1750 and is a 2+1⁄2-story, five bay gable roof residence with a 1+1⁄2-story side addition. Also on the property are three contributing 19th century barns, a small pond, and cottage. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

Dix Hills, New York
Dix Hills is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) located within the Town of Huntington in Suffolk County, on Long Island, in New York, United States. The population was 26,180 at the time of the 2020 census.
Ericea
Ericea or Erikeia (Ancient Greek: Ἐρίκεια) was a deme of ancient Attica, located near the modern Kypseli. The name of the deme probably derives from the erica plant, which grew abundantly in the hilly territory of the area.

Erica arborea
Erica arborea, the tree heath or tree heather, is a species of flowering plant (angiosperms) in the heather family Ericaceae, native to the Mediterranean Basin and Ethiopia, Kenya and Tanzania in East Africa. It is also cultivated as an ornamental.

The wood, known as briar root (French: bruyère, Catalan: bruc, Portuguese: betouro, Spanish: brezo), is extremely hard and heat-resistant, and is used for making smoking pipes. Leaf fossils attributed to this species were described for the Mio-Pleistocene deposit of São Jorge in Madeira Island.
QM/MM
The hybrid QM/MM (quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics) approach is a molecular simulation method that combines the strengths of ab initio QM calculations (accuracy) and MM (speed) approaches, thus allowing for the study of chemical processes in solution and in proteins. The QM/MM approach was introduced in the 1976 paper of Warshel and Levitt.  They, along with Martin Karplus, won the 2013 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for "the development of multiscale models for complex chemical systems".

Michael Levitt (biophysicist)
Michael Levitt, FRS (Hebrew: מיכאל לויט; born 9 May 1947) is a South African-born biophysicist and a professor of structural biology at Stanford University, a position he has held since 1987. Levitt received the 2013 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, together with Martin Karplus and Arieh Warshel, for "the development of multiscale models for complex chemical systems". In 2018, Levitt was a founding co-editor of the Annual Review of Biomedical Data Science.
Jacques-Gabriel Bridge
The Jacques-Gabriel Bridge (named pont Jacques-Gabriel in French) spans the Loire river in Blois, France, since the beginning of the 18th century. With a total length of 283m, it is made up of 11 arches, and is the last  arch bridge on the river that is pointed. Since its construction, the bridge retains the name of the architect who designed it, Jacques Gabriel. The bridge was partially destroyed three times: in 1870 (Franco-Prussian War), 1940 and 1944 (World War II). It is now crossed by National Route 156.

The bridge was listed as a historical monument by order of 22 April 1937.

Arch bridge
An arch bridge is a bridge with abutments at each end shaped as a curved arch. Arch bridges work by transferring the weight of the bridge and its loads partially into a horizontal thrust restrained by the abutments at either side, and partially into a vertical load on the arch supports. A viaduct (a long bridge) may be made from a series of arches, although other more economical structures are typically used today.
Daniel Green (businessman)
Daniel Green (born October 1966) is an English businessman who has worked in the retail industry and the supply of household solar energy equipment.

Green was the founder of discount retailer Brand Centre which was sold to Moss Bros Group in 1999. In 2006, Green sold his retail kiosk business to Sky plc for in excess of £25 million, and HomeSun Ltd, a solar distribution company, to Aviva Investors in 2012 for £100 million.

Aviva Investors
Aviva Investors is an investment management company and is part of the Aviva group. Founded in 1971 as Geoffrey Morley and Partners, the firm has undergone mergers and ownership changes as part of the Aviva group. The company has been active in infrastructure and renewable-energy investment, including biomass and wing projects.
Deborah Mathis
Deborah Myers Mathis (born 24 August 1953) is an American journalist and author. Her journalism career began as a reporter for the Arkansas Democrat, a major newspaper in Arkansas. She also worked in television news in Little Rock and Washington. She was White House correspondent for the Gannett News Service. She returned to Arkansas and newspaper journalism at the Arkansas Gazette as an editorial columnist and associate editor.

News broadcasting
News broadcasting is the medium of broadcasting various news events and other information via television, radio, or the internet in the field of broadcast journalism. The content is usually either produced locally in a radio studio or television studio newsroom, or by a broadcast network. A news broadcast may include material such as sports coverage, weather forecasts, traffic reports, political commentary, expert opinions, editorial content, and other material that the broadcaster feels is relevant to their audience. An individual news program is typically reported in a series of individual stories that are presented by one or more anchors. A frequent inclusion is live or recorded interviews by field reporters.
Douglas Neil
Douglas Charles Neil (3 February 1924 – 21 February 1994) was a Canadian lawyer and politician. Neil served as a Progressive Conservative party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was born in Lipton, Saskatchewan.

He represented Saskatchewan's Moose Jaw electoral district at which he was elected in 1972. Neil won re-election there in the 1974, 1979 and 1980 federal elections. He left federal politics in 1984 for personal causes and did not campaign in that year's national elections after serving in the 29th to 32nd Canadian Parliaments.

Lipton, Saskatchewan
Lipton (2016 population: 345) is a village in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within the Rural Municipality of Lipton No. 217 and Census Division No. 6. The village is located 17 kilometres (11 mi) north of the town of Fort Qu'Appelle on Highway 22.
Charles Fox (cricketer)
Charles John MacDonald Fox (5 December 1858 – 1 April 1901) was an English cricketer. He played 80 first-class matches, mainly for Kent County Cricket Club, in a career that lasted from 1876 until 1893. A heavy scorer in club cricket, Fox played as an all-rounder in county cricket.

County cricket
Inter-county cricket matches have been played since the early 18th century, involving teams that are representative of the historic counties of England and Wales.

Two county championship competitions have existed since the late 19th century at different levels: the County Championship, a first-class competition which involves 18 clubs, of which 17 are English and one is from Wales; and the National Counties Championship, with 19 English clubs and one club representing several Welsh counties.

County clubs have also played limited-overs competitions since the 1960s. The first edition of the Gillette Cup in 1963 was the world's first List A cricket tournament. The Sunday League existed from 1969 to 2009, mostly as a 40-overs-per-side league. The 2003 Twenty20 Cup was the world's first Twenty20 tournament. Currently, the main limited-overs county competitions are the One-Day Cup, Women's One-Day Cup, T20 Blast and Women's T20 Blast.
Cristiana De Filippis
Cristiana De Filippis (born 1992) is an Italian mathematician whose research concerns regularity theory for elliptic partial differential equations and parabolic partial differential equations.  She is full professor of Mathematical Analysis at the University of Parma.

Parabolic partial differential equation
A parabolic partial differential equation is a type of partial differential equation (PDE). Parabolic PDEs are used to describe a wide variety of time-dependent phenomena in, for example, engineering science, quantum mechanics and financial mathematics. Examples include the heat equation, time-dependent Schrödinger equation and the Black–Scholes equation.
Dawn Stensland-Mendte
Dawn Stensland Mendte  is an American television talk show host and news anchor working at WJLP-TV in Freehold, New Jersey, and on WPHT 1210 AM in Philadelphia.  She is also a past anchor of CBS Saturday Morning.  Stensland-Mendte has anchored the news at TV stations across the country including WBBM-TV in Chicago, KYW-TV and WTXF-TV in Philadelphia and WKYC-TV in Cleveland.  She is married to Larry Mendte, a radio talk show host, TV news commentator and news anchor.

WKYC
WKYC (channel 3) is a television station in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, affiliated with NBC and owned by Tegna Inc. The station's studios are located on Tom Beres Way (a section of Lakeside Avenue in Downtown Cleveland named after the station's longtime political reporter who retired in 2016), and its transmitter is located in suburban Parma, Ohio.
NGC 4609
NGC 4609 (also known as Caldwell 98) is an open cluster of stars in the southern constellation of Crux. It was discovered on May 12, 1826 by the Scottish astronomer James Dunlop. The cluster has an apparent visual magnitude of 6.9 and spans an angular size of 6.5′. It is situated beyond the Coalsack Nebula at an estimated distance of 4,500 ly (1,379 pc) from the Sun.

This is an intermediate age cluster estimated at 83.2 Myr old. It is a poorly populated cluster with just one red giant member. 33 probable members have been identified, including the variable Be star BZ Crucis. The metallicity of the cluster, as measured by the abundance of iron, is slightly larger than in the Sun.

Metallicity
In astronomy, metallicity is the abundance of elements present in an object that are heavier than hydrogen and helium. Most of the normal currently detectable (i.e. non-dark) matter in the universe is either hydrogen or helium, and astronomers use the word metals as convenient shorthand for all elements except hydrogen and helium. This word-use is distinct from the conventional chemical or physical definition of a metal as an electrically conducting element. Stars and nebulae with relatively high abundances of heavier elements are called metal-rich when discussing metallicity, even though many of those elements are called nonmetals in chemistry.
Theodore F. Bagge
Theodore F. Bagge (November 30, 1820, Gentofte, København, Denmark – March 26, 1886, Oakland, California) was a Democratic member of the California State Assembly for the 14th District (the East Bay) from 1875 to 1877.

California Democratic Party
The California Democratic Party, also known as the Democratic Party of California, is the affiliate of the Democratic Party in the U.S. state of California. It is headquartered in Sacramento, California.

With 45.27% of the state's registered voters as of February 2025, the Democratic Party has the highest number of registrants of any political party in California. It is currently the dominant party in the state, and is one of the largest affiliates of the national Democratic Party. The party currently controls the majority of California's U.S. House seats, both U.S. Senate seats, the governorship, and has supermajorities in both houses of the state legislature.
USS Satinleaf
USS Satinleaf (AN-43/YN-62) was an Ailanthus-class net laying ship which served with the U.S. Navy in the western Pacific Ocean theatre of operations during World War II.  Her career was without major incident, and she returned home safely after the war with two battle stars to her credit.

Ailanthus-class net laying ship
The Ailanthus class were a group of 35 wooden-hulled net laying ships of the United States Navy built during World War II as part of the huge building programs of late 1941 and early 1942 for small patrol and mine warfare vessels.  Five of the class were transferred to the British Royal Navy under Lend-Lease, and another five were converted while at their shipyards into Auxiliary Fleet Tugs, the ATA-214-class.
Sam Coghlan Murray
Sam Coghlan Murray (born 31 January 1992) is an Irish rugby union player for Nottingham. His preferred position is on the wing. He made his senior debut for Leinster in February 2014 against Zebre. It was announced in May 2014 that he would be promoted from the academy to the Leinster senior squad for the season commencing 2014-15.

Zebre Parma
Zebre Parma (Italian pronunciation: [ˈdzɛbre], meaning "Zebras") are an Italian professional rugby union team competing in the United Rugby Championship and EPCR competitions from the 2012–13 season. They are based in Parma (Emilia-Romagna), Italy. They are operated by the Italian Rugby Federation (FIR) and replaced Aironi in the Pro12.

Zebre Parma, often referred to as "the XV of the North-West" (Italian: il XV del Nord-Ovest), represents the four committees of Emilia-Romagna, Liguria, Lombardy and Piedmont, which includes tens of thousands of members and several clubs. Since 2018, it represents also teams from others committees like Abruzzo, Lazio, Marche, Tuscany and Sicily. The team was officially named Zebre Parma at the start of the 2021–22 United Rugby Championship season.
August 3 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
August 2 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - August 4

All fixed commemorations below are observed on August 16 by Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For August 3, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on July 21.

Salome (disciple)
In the New Testament, Salome was a follower of Jesus who appears briefly in the canonical gospels and in apocryphal writings. She is named by Mark as present at the crucifixion and as one of the Myrrhbearers, the women who found Jesus's empty tomb. Interpretation has further identified her with other women who are mentioned but not named in the canonical gospels. In particular, she is often identified as the wife of Zebedee, the mother of James and John, two of the Twelve apostles. In medieval tradition Salome (as Mary Salome) was counted as one of the Three Marys who were daughters of Saint Anne, so making her the sister or half-sister of Mary, mother of Jesus.
Rashid Nezhmetdinov
Rashid Gibyatovich Nezhmetdinov (Russian: Раши́д Гибя́тович Нежметди́нов, Tatar: Рәшит Һибәт улы Нәҗметдинов, Räşit Hibät ulı Näcmetdinov; IPA: [ræˈʃit næʑmetˈdinof]; 15 December 1912 – 3 June 1974) was a Soviet chess player, chess writer, International Master and checkers player. Although he never attained the title of Grandmaster, he was a renowned tactician and created several brilliant games. Biographer Alex Pishkin compares him to Chigorin, Réti and Spielmann.

Richard Réti
Richard Réti (28 May 1889 – 6 June 1929) was an Austro-Hungarian and later Czechoslovak chess player, chess author and composer of endgame studies.

He was one of the principal proponents of hypermodernism in chess.  With the exception of Nimzowitsch's book My System, he is considered to be the movement's foremost literary contributor.
Cownie
Cownie is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Frank Cownie (born 1948), American politician and businessman

Peter Cownie (born 1980), American politician

Ryan Cownie (born 1987/88), American stand-up comedian

Frank Cownie
Thomas Michael Franklin "Frank" Cownie (born March 13, 1948) is an American politician who served as mayor of Des Moines, Iowa from 2004 to 2024. He also owns and operates Cownie Furs, a store that has been in his family for generations.
Heather Lende
Heather Lende is an author, news writer, and former member of the borough assembly from Haines, Alaska, a position she held in 2016-2019.

In 2021, Lende was named Alaska's writer laureate, and her books include: If You Lived Here I'd Know Your Name, Take Good Care of the Garden and the Dogs, Find the Good and Of Bears and Ballots.

Lende was born and raised in New York where she attended the Locust Valley Friends Academy. She received a BA from Middlebury College before relocating to Alaska in 1984, and an MFA from University of Alaska, Anchorage.

Haines, Alaska
Haines (Tlingit: Deishú) is a census-designated place located in Haines Borough, Alaska, United States. It is in the northern part of the Alaska Panhandle and near Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. As of the 2020 census, the population of the Haines CDP was 1,657, down from 1,713 in 2010; it has 79.6% of Haines Borough's total population.

The Chilkoot Indian Association, a federally recognized tribe of Tlingit people, is headquartered in Haines.
Marpessos
Marpessos (Ancient Greek: Μάρπησσος) was a settlement in the middle Skamander valley of the Troad region of Anatolia. The settlement's name is also spelled Μαρμησσός, Μαρμισσός, Μερμησσός in ancient sources. It was known in Classical antiquity primarily as the birthplace of the Hellespontine Sibyl Herophile. Its site has been located at Dam Dere approximately 2 km SE of the village of Zerdalilik in the Bayramiç district of Çanakkale Province in Turkey. Despite the similarity of its name and its location on Mount Ida, the settlement is apparently unrelated to the mythological figure Marpessa and her husband Idas. It should likewise not be confused with the Mount Marpessa on Paros.

Çanakkale Province
Çanakkale Province (Turkish: Çanakkale ili) is a province of Turkey, located in the northwestern part of the country. It takes its name from the city of Çanakkale. Its area is 9,817 km2, and its population is 559,383 (2022).

Like Istanbul, Çanakkale province has a European (Thrace) and an Asian (Anatolia) part. The European part is formed by the Gallipoli (Gelibolu) peninsula, while the Asian part is largely coterminous with the historic region of Troad in Anatolia. They are separated by the Dardanelles strait, connecting the Sea of Marmara and the Aegean Sea.

The archaeological site of Troy is found in the Çanakkale province, near the village Tevfikiye.

Çanakkale District is the most populous district of the province. The European and Asian parts of the province were connected to each other with the completion of the Çanakkale 1915 Bridge in March 2022.
USS John L. Canley
USS John L. Canley (ESB-6) is the fourth Lewis B. Puller-class expeditionary mobile base (ESB) of the United States Navy, and the first ship to be named for Medal of Honor recipient John L. Canley. John L. Canley was constructed in San Diego, California by the National Steel and Shipbuilding Company (NASSCO). Like her sister ships, she is also a sub-variant of the Montford Point-class expeditionary transfer dock (ESD). The ESDs are operated by the Navy's Military Sealift Command with predominantly civilian crews, while the ESBs, owing to the nature of their operations, have been commissioned and are operated directly by the Navy with military personnel.

Although without any ceremony at the time, the keel for the ship was laid at the NASSCO shipyard in San Diego on 16 November 2020. On 30 April 2022, an official ceremony was held. The ship was christened at the shipyard by Canley's daughter and ship's sponsor Patricia Sargent on 25 June 2022, just five weeks after Canley's death.

Ship sponsor
A ship sponsor, by tradition, is a female civilian who is invited to "sponsor" a vessel, presumably to bestow good luck and divine protection over the seagoing vessel and all that sail aboard. In the United States Navy and the United States Coast Guard, the sponsor is technically considered a permanent member of the ship's crew and is expected to give a part of her personality to the ship, as well as advocate for its continued service and well-being. For passenger ships the sponsor is called a godmother if the sponsor is female, or a godfather if the sponsor is male.
Directorate General of Shipping
The Directorate General of Shipping, India is an attached office under the Ministry of Shipping, Government of India, responsible for life, health, vessel and the environment for Indian registered ships and ships at Indian ports. The Directorate,  is located in Mumbai and led by Director General of Shipping  Shri Shyam Jagannathan, IAS and Additional Secretary to the Government of India.

Ship
A ship  is a large watercraft designed for travel across the surface of a body of water, carrying cargo or passengers, or in support of specialized tasks such as warfare, oceanography and fishing. Ships are generally distinguished from boats, based on size, shape, load capacity and purpose. Ships have supported exploration, trade, warfare, migration, colonization, and science. Ship transport is responsible for the largest portion of world commerce.

The word ship has meant, depending on era and context, either simply a large vessel or specifically a full-rigged ship with three or more masts, each of which is square rigged.

The earliest historical evidence of boats is found in Egypt during the 4th millennium BC. In 2024, ships had a global cargo capacity of 2.4 billion tons, with the three largest classes being ships carrying dry bulk (43%), oil tankers (28%) and container ships (14%).