hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Intercontinental and transoceanic fixed links
A fixed link or fixed crossing is a permanent, unbroken road or rail connection across water that uses some combination of bridges, tunnels, and causeways and does not involve intermittent connections such as drawbridges or ferries. A bridge–tunnel combination is commonly used for major fixed links.

This is a list of proposed and actual transport links between continents and to offshore islands. See also list of bridge–tunnels for another list of fixed links including links across rivers, bays and lakes.

Diomede Islands
The Diomede Islands (/ˌdaɪ.əˈmiːdiː/; Russian: острова́ Диоми́да, romanized: ostrova Diomida), also known in Russia as Gvozdev Islands (Russian: острова́ Гво́здева, romanized: ostrova Gvozdeva), consist of two rocky, mesa-like islands. One is the Russian island of Big Diomede (part of Chukotka). The other is the U.S. island of Little Diomede (part of Alaska). The Diomede Islands are located in the middle of the Bering Strait between mainland Alaska and Siberia. At their closest points, the two islands are approximately 2.4 miles (3.8 km) away from each other.

Because they are separated by the International Date Line, Big Diomede is almost a day ahead of Little Diomede; due to locally defined time zones, Big Diomede is 21 hours ahead of Little Diomede (20 in summer). Because of this, the islands are sometimes called Tomorrow Island (Big Diomede) and Yesterday Island (Little Diomede).
Torfyanovka
Torfyanovka is a border crossing point between Russia and Finland. It is located in Leningrad Oblast. With over 2 million annual crossings, it is the busiest border crossing on the Finnish-Russian border, which is also the border of the European Union and Russia. European route E18 passes through Torfyanovka.

Customs terminal at Torfyanovka

Duty-free shop in Torfyanovka

Torfyanovka highway to border crossing

Passport stamp from the border checkpoint in Vaalimaa

European route E18
European route E18 runs between Craigavon in Northern Ireland and Saint Petersburg in Russia, passing through Scotland, England, Norway, Sweden and Finland. It is about 1,890 kilometres (1,170 miles) in length.

Although the designation implies the possibility of a through journey, this is no longer practical as there are no direct car ferry crossings between the United Kingdom and Norway.
Nayagarh Assembly constituency
Nayagarh is a Vidhan Sabha constituency of Nayagarh district, Odisha.

This constituency includes Nayagarh, Nayagarh block and 18 Gram panchayats (Sunamuhin, Panderipada, Giridipali, Kurala, Rabigadia, Pantikhari, Korapitha, Sakeri, Sardhapur, Bhadikila, Nandighora, Arada, Goudaput, Komanda, Rohibanka, Banthapur, Rabara, Ranganipatna and Odagaon nac of Odagaon Block).

Odisha Legislative Assembly
The Odisha Legislative Assembly is the unicameral state legislature of the state of Odisha in India. The seat of the Legislative Assembly is at Bhubaneswar, the capital city. The Legislative Assembly comprises 147 Members of Legislative Assembly. Out of total 147 Assembly Constituencies of Odisha Legislative Assembly, 33 seats are reserved for Scheduled Tribes (ST) and 24 seats for the Scheduled Castes (SC).
George Synadenos Astras
George Synadenos Astras (Greek: Γεώργιος Συναδηνός Ἀστρᾶς; fl. c. 1354 – 1365/6) was a Byzantine official and provincial governor.

In 1354, holding the title of megas stratopedarches, he was entrusted with the renovation of the Hagia Sophia. In 1355 he was named governor of Ainos in Thrace, remaining in the post until c. 1357. In 1360–1364 he was governor of the island of Lemnos, and then of Thessalonica, until his death from the plague sometime before August 1368.

He had estates on Lemnos, some of which were inherited by his son, Michael Synadenos Astras (died 1400), and others which were granted to the Athonite monasteries of Great Lavra, Vatopedi, and Dionysiou. He was related by marriage to Emperor John V Palaiologos, and he was a friend and correspondent of the scholar Demetrios Kydones.

Dionysiou Monastery
Dionysiou Monastery (Greek: Μονή Διονυσίου) is an Eastern Orthodox monastery at the monastic state of Mount Athos in Greece, at the southwest part of the Athos peninsula. The monastery ranks fifth in the hierarchy of the Athonite monasteries. It is one of the twenty self-governing monasteries in Athos, and it was dedicated to John the Baptist.
Brest (surname)
Brest is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Harold Brest, 20th-century American prisoner

Jorge Romero Brest (1905–1989), Argentine art critic and curator

Lewis F. Brest (1842–1915), Union Army soldier

Martin Brest (born 1951), American filmmaker, producer, screenwriter, film editor, and actor

Paul Brest (born c. 1940), American academic

Vida Brest (1925–1985), Slovenian poet and writer

Benjamin Issac Brest - Kansas

Martin Brest
Martin Brest (born August 8, 1951) is a retired American film director, screenwriter, and producer. After his feature debut, Going in Style (1979), he directed the action comedies Beverly Hills Cop (1984) and Midnight Run (1988), which were critical and commercial hits. He then directed Scent of a Woman (1992), starring Al Pacino, who won the Academy Award for Best Actor for his performance, and earned Brest nominations for Best Director and Best Picture.

He followed up with Meet Joe Black (1998), which received mixed reviews. Brest's next film was Gigli (2003). After disagreements between Brest and Revolution Studios, creative control was taken from him, resulting in a radically rewritten and reshot version, which became his first and only unprofitable film, a box-office bomb that was widely panned. It remains his last film to date.
My Filthy Spirit Bomb
My Filthy Spirit Bomb is the debut solo studio album by American rapper G-Mo Skee Aka Jaron Johnson from Richmond, California. It was released on December 2, 2016, via Majik Ninja Entertainment. Recording sessions took place at the Blap Cave in Vallejo, California. Production was handled by Chase Moore, C-Lance, David Rothbard, Fritz, Hopsin, Kage, Mok Beats, Nobe, Seven and YpOnTheBeat. It features guest appearances from the Inf Gang, Hopsin, Twiztid and D12 among others.

Music videos were released for "Honey Badger", "G", "Human Cloth", "Filthnificent", and "My Filthy Spirit Bomb". The album peaked at No. 191 on the Billboard 200, No. 10 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart, No. 4 on the Top Rap Albums chart, and No. 9 on the Independent Albums chart in the United States.

Richmond, California
Richmond is a city in western Contra Costa County, California, United States. The city was incorporated on August 3, 1905, and has a city council. Located in the San Francisco Bay Area's East Bay region, Richmond borders San Pablo, Albany, El Cerrito and Pinole in addition to the unincorporated communities of North Richmond, Hasford Heights, Kensington, El Sobrante, Bayview-Montalvin Manor, Tara Hills, and East Richmond Heights, and for a short distance San Francisco on Red Rock Island in the San Francisco Bay.

Richmond is one of two cities, the other being San Rafael, that sits on the shores of both San Francisco Bay and San Pablo Bay. Its population was 116,448 as of the 2020 United States census making it the second largest city in the United States named Richmond after Richmond, Virginia.
Phyllonorycter fragilella
Phyllonorycter fragilella is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from Québec in Canada and Texas, Maine, Michigan, New York, Massachusetts, Illinois and Wyoming in the United States.

The wingspan is 8.5–9 mm.

The larvae feed on Lonicera species (including Lonicera sempervirens and Lonicera × bella), Symphoricarpos species (including Symphoricarpos orbiculatus and Symphoricarpos vulgaris) and Chiococca alba. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Lonicera × bella
Lonicera × bella, known as Bell's honeysuckle and showy fly honeysuckle, is a hybrid species of flowering plant in the family Caprifoliaceae. It was first described by Hermann Zabel in 1889. Zabel reported that he grew it in cultivation from seeds obtained from a plant of Lonicera morrowii, but that its appearance suggested the influence of L. tatarica. It has escaped from cultivation and become an aggressive invasive species in central and eastern parts of the United States.
Picnic (chocolate bar)
Picnic is a brand of chocolate bar consisting of milk chocolate and peanuts, covering chewy nougat, caramel, biscuit and puffed rice. Manufactured by Cadbury, Picnic bars are lumpy in shape. It is sold in a number of countries around the world. The British, German, Irish and Indian versions differ from the Australasian version in that they also contain raisins.

Biscuit
A biscuit is a flour-based baked food item. Biscuits are typically hard, flat, and unleavened. They are usually sweet and may be made with sugar, chocolate, icing, jam, ginger, or cinnamon. Savoury biscuits are called crackers.

Types of biscuit include biscotti, sandwich biscuits (such as custard creams), digestive biscuits, ginger biscuits, shortbread biscuits, chocolate chip cookies, Anzac biscuits, and speculaas.

The term "biscuit" is used in many English-speaking countries. In the United States and parts of Canada, sweet biscuits are nearly always called "cookies" and savoury biscuits are called "crackers".
Fairy Tail (TV series)
Fairy Tail is a Japanese anime television series produced by A-1 Pictures, Dentsu, Satelight, Bridge, and CloverWorks. Based on the manga series Fairy Tail by Hiro Mashima, the series premiered on TV Tokyo on October 12, 2009. The series follows the journeys of Lucy Heartfilia, Natsu Dragneel and the Fairy Tail guild through 328 episodes, concluding its main run in 2019 before transitioning into the sequel series, Fairy Tail: 100 Years Quest.

Hiro Mashima
Hiro Mashima (真島 ヒロ, Mashima Hiro; born May 3, 1977) is a Japanese manga artist. He gained success with his first serial Rave Master, published in Kodansha's Weekly Shōnen Magazine from 1999 to 2005. His best-selling work, Fairy Tail, published in the same magazine from 2006 to 2017, became one of the best-selling manga series with over 72 million copies in print.

Fairy Tail won the Kodansha Manga Award for shōnen manga in 2009, and Mashima was given the Harvey Awards International Spotlight award in 2017 and the Fauve Special Award at the 2018 Angoulême International Comics Festival.
Shastasauridae
Shastasauridae is an extinct family of ichthyosaurs from the Late Triassic with a possible Early Jurassic record. The family contains the largest known species of ichthyosaurs, which include some of and possibly the largest known marine reptiles.

Early Jurassic
The Early Jurassic Epoch (in chronostratigraphy corresponding to the Lower Jurassic Series) is the earliest of three epochs of the Jurassic Period. The Early Jurassic starts immediately after the Triassic–Jurassic extinction event, 201.3 Ma (million years ago), and ends at the start of the Middle Jurassic 174.7 ±0.8 Ma.

Certain rocks of marine origin of this age in Europe are called "Lias" and that name was used for the period, as well, in 19th-century geology. In southern Germany rocks of this age are called Black Jurassic.
Viasat 3
Viasat 3 is a Hungarian commercial TV channel, that began the broadcast on October 23, 2000. This channel aired Hungary's first reality show in 2001 called A Bár (The Bar).

In 2015, the Sony Pictures Television acquired the Hungarian Viasat channels from Modern Times Group (MTG).  From 2021 the channel is operated by Antenna Group.

The Bar (franchise)
The Bar (Swedish: Baren) is a reality competition television franchise that originated in Sweden in 2000. It also started to air in Norway the same year and was developed in other countries starting from 2001. The premise of the show is that for around two months, a number of contestants work in a bar while attempting to avoid periodic public-vote evictions from a communal house and hence win a cash prize. The show was devised by the Swedish company Strix. The show first aired on TV3 Sweden on 24 April 2000.
Malicounda Bambara
Malicounda Bambara is a village in the rural community of Malicounda within M'bour Department of the Thiès Region in western Senegal, located northeast of Saly on the Petite-Côte and approximately 85 km from the Senegalese capital of Dakar. It is one of three villages all named Malicounda, but with affixes Bambara, Sérère and Wolof, each denoting the prevalent ethnicity. The three are closely connected through relations. Malicounda Bambara is especially notable for being the first village in Senegal to publicly abandon the traditional practice of female genital cutting.

M'bour department
M'bour department is one of the 46 departments of Senegal, one of three in the Thiès region. Its capital is M'Bour.

The department has 8 urban communes; Joal-Fadiouth, Mbour, Nguékhokh, Thiadiaye, Saly Portudal, Ngaparou, Somone and Popenguine.

In 2018, the Senegalese-American musician Akon announced his plan for the construction of Akon City, a planned urban city in the department. After a brief phase of construction in 2023, the plan was abandoned, only resulting in a partially built welcome centre.
Saint Michael's Lent
Saint Michael's Lent is a period of fasting observed as a private devotion by some members of the Catholic Church, from the Feast of the Assumption on August 15 to Michaelmas (the feast of St Michael) on September 29, excluding Sundays. According to Bonaventure, St. Michael's Lent originates in Franciscan tradition. It is also mentioned in Little Flowers of St. Francis.
It was the custom for Francis of Assisi to fast before Michaelmas to honor the Blessed Virgin and St. Michael.

Michaelmas
Michaelmas (/ˈmɪkəlməs/ MIK-əl-məs; also known as the Feast of Saints Michael, Gabriel and Raphael, the Feast of the Archangels or the Feast of Saint Michael and All Angels) is a Christian festival observed in many Western Christian liturgical calendars on 29 September and on 8 November in the Eastern Christian traditions. Michaelmas has been one of the four quarter days of the English and Irish financial, judicial and academic year.

In the Christian angelology of some traditions, the Archangel Michael is considered as the greatest of all the angels, being particularly honoured for defeating Satan in the War in Heaven.
Robb Glacier
Robb Glacier (82°38′S 165°0′E﻿ / ﻿82.633°S 165.000°E﻿ / -82.633; 165.000) is a glacier about 40 nautical miles (70 km) long that flows through the Ross Dependency to enter the west coast of the Ross Ice Shelf in Antarctica.

Ross Dependency
The Ross Dependency is a region of Antarctica defined by a sector originating at the South Pole, passing along longitudes 160° east to 150° west, and terminating at latitude 60° south. It is claimed by New Zealand, a claim mutually accepted only by Australia, the UK, France and Norway, which are countries that also have territorial claims in Antarctica. Under the 1961 Antarctic Treaty, of which all territorial claimants are signatories, including New Zealand, all claims are held in abeyance.  Article IV states: "No acts or activities taking place while the present Treaty is in force shall constitute a basis for asserting, supporting or denying a claim to territorial sovereignty in Antarctica or create any rights of sovereignty in Antarctica".

The Dependency takes its name from Sir James Clark Ross, who discovered the Ross Sea and includes part of Victoria Land, and most of the Ross Ice Shelf. Ross, Balleny, Scott and Roosevelt Islands also form part of the Dependency.
Broadcast engineering
Broadcast engineering or radio engineering is the field of electrical engineering, and now to some extent computer engineering and information technology, which deals with radio and television broadcasting. Audio engineering and RF engineering are also essential parts of broadcast engineering, being their own subsets of electrical engineering.

Broadcast engineering involves both the studio and transmitter aspects (the entire airchain), as well as remote broadcasts. Every station has a broadcast engineer, though one may now serve an entire station group in a city. In small media markets the engineer may work on a contract basis for one or more stations as needed.

Subset
In mathematics, a set A is a subset of a set B if and only if all elements of A are also elements of B; B is then a superset of A. It is possible for A and B to be equal; if they are unequal, then A is a proper subset of B. The relationship of one set being a subset of another is called inclusion (or sometimes containment). A is a subset of B may also be expressed as B includes (or contains) A or A is included (or contained) in B. A k-subset is a subset with k elements.

When quantified,  is represented as

One can prove the statement  by applying a proof technique known as the element argument:

Let sets A and B be given. To prove that 
suppose that a is a particular but arbitrarily chosen element of A
show that a is an element of B.

The validity of this technique can be seen as a consequence of universal generalization: the technique shows  for an arbitrarily chosen element c. Universal generalisation then implies  which is equivalent to  as stated above.
Roy R. Grinker Sr.
Roy Richard Grinker Sr. (August 2, 1900 – May 9, 1993) was an American neurologist and psychiatrist,  Professor of Psychiatry at University of Chicago, and pioneer in American psychiatry and psychosomatics.

Psychosomatics
Psychosomatics is a peer-reviewed medical journal that focuses on psychosomatic medicine. It was established in 1960, during William S. Kroger's tenure as head of the Academy of Psychosomatic Medicine. It is published by Elsevier on behalf of the Academy of Psychosomatic Medicine.
SA Athletics Stadium
SA Athletics Stadium is an athletics stadium located in Adelaide. Located in the Adelaide Parklands, the  stadium includes a running track and field complex. The stadium was formerly known as Santos Stadium under a sponsorship arrangement with Santos Limited.

SA Athletics Stadium is owned and operated by the Office for Recreation, Sport and Racing, an agency of the Government of South Australia.

Opened on Australia Day, 1998, it replaced the Olympic Sports Field in Kensington as Adelaide's premier athletics venue, and has seating for 1,200 and a maximum capacity of 6,000. The track surface is Rekortan M99.

The stadium is located on the edge of the CBD, in the Adelaide Parklands adjacent to Netball SA Stadium, Adelaide's largest dedicated netball complex. The Stadium is home to Athletics South Australia, the South Australia Athletics League, City Bay Fun Run, the South Australian Little Athletics Association, and is regularly used by schools for sporting carnivals.

Kensington, South Australia
Kensington is a suburb of Adelaide, South Australia in the City of Norwood, Payneham & St Peters council area. Unlike the rest of the city, Kensington's streets are laid out diagonally. Second Creek runs through and under part of the suburb, which contains many heritage buildings as well as Norwood Swimming Centre and several schools.
Kim Hyeon-jung (figure skater)
Kim Hyeon-jung (born October 31, 1992), also transliterated Hyun-jung or Hyeon-jeong, is a South Korean figure skater. She is the 2008 & 2009 South Korean silver medalist. She was born in Seoul.

She made her international debut in the 2007–2008 season, when she competed on the 2007–2008 ISU Junior Grand Prix in two events, with a highest placement of 9th. She competed at the 2008 World Junior Figure Skating Championships, where she placed 14th. She made her senior international debut at the 2009 Four Continents, where she placed 14th. Now she is a figure skating coach and she is teaching her younger brother, Kim Hwan-jin.

2007–08 ISU Junior Grand Prix
The 2007–08 ISU Junior Grand Prix was the 11th season of the ISU Junior Grand Prix, a series of international junior level competitions organized by the International Skating Union. It was the Junior-level complement to the 2007–08 ISU Grand Prix of Figure Skating, which is for Senior-level skaters. Skaters competed in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dance. The top skaters from the series met at the Junior Grand Prix Final.
1958 BARC Aintree 200
The 13th BARC "200" was a motor race, run to Formula One rules, held on 19 April 1958 at the Aintree Circuit, England. The race was run over 67 laps of the circuit, and was won by British driver Stirling Moss in a Cooper T45.

The field also included many Formula Two cars, highest finisher being Tony Brooks who took third place in a Cooper T43.

Cooper T45
The Cooper T45 was an open-wheel formula racing car, developed and built by the Cooper Car Company in 1958, and designed by Owen Maddock. It competed in Formula 2 racing as well as in Formula One racing, where it won one World Championship Grand Prix, the 1958 Monaco Grand Prix, being driven by Maurice Trintignant.
University of Rhode Island Botanical Gardens
The University of Rhode Island Botanical Gardens are botanical gardens located on the University of Rhode Island campus in Kingston, Rhode Island, United States. The gardens cover an area of 4.5 acres (1.8 ha) and are open to the public free of charge.

The gardens were started as the Learning Landscape in 1992 as a donation of materials and labor from the Rhode Island Nursery and Landscape Association. The gardens were renamed the URI Botanical Gardens in 2003.

The URI Botanical Gardens showcase sustainable landscape plants and practices. They feature a home garden and landscape, a Memorial White Garden, the Ericaceous Garden, the Annual Garden, the Formal Gardens and Graduation Stage, the Shade Garden, the Matthew J. Horridge Conservatory and the Chester Clayton Rose Garden.

Kingston, Rhode Island
Kingston is a village and a census-designated place within the town of South Kingstown, Rhode Island, United States, and the site of the main campus of the University of Rhode Island. The population was 7,825 at the 2020 census. Much of the village center is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as Kingston Village Historic District. It was originally known as Little Rest.
Terazosin
Terazosin, sold under the brand name Hytrin among others, is a medication used to treat symptoms of an enlarged prostate and high blood pressure. For high blood pressure, it is a less preferred option. It is taken by mouth.

Common side effects include dizziness, headache, feeling tired, swelling, nausea, and low blood pressure with standing. Severe side effects may include priapism and low blood pressure. Prostate cancer should be ruled out before starting treatment. It is an alpha-1 blocker and works by relaxing blood vessels and the opening of the bladder.

Terazosin was patented in 1975 and came into medical use in 1985. It is available as a generic medication. In 2023, it was the 217th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1 million prescriptions.

Bladder
The bladder (from Old English  blædre 'bladder, blister, pimple') is a hollow organ in humans and other vertebrates that stores urine from the kidneys. In placental mammals, urine enters the bladder via the ureters and exits via the urethra during urination. In humans, the bladder is a distensible organ that sits on the pelvic floor. The typical adult human bladder will hold between 300 and 500 ml (10 and 17 fl oz) before the urge to empty occurs, but can hold considerably more.

The Latin phrase for "urinary bladder" is vesica urinaria, and the term vesical or prefix vesico- appear in connection with associated structures such as vesical veins. The modern Latin word for "bladder" – cystis – appears in associated terms such as cystitis (inflammation of the bladder).