hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
AUM-N-2 Petrel
The AUM-N-2 Petrel, also known as Kingfisher C and AUM-2, was an air-to-surface missile produced as part of Project Kingfisher for the United States Navy. Intended for use against enemy surface ships and surfaced submarines, giving aircraft the ability to deliver aerial torpedoes from outside the range of defensive armament, it saw brief operational service in the late 1950s. The project was never considered a high priority by the Navy however, as it was useless against submerged submarines, which were considered the greatest potential threat.

Following its withdrawal from operational usage, the Petrel was used as a target drone, receiving the designation AQM-41A shortly before being retired from service altogether.

Standoff weapon
Standoff weapons (or stand-off weapons) are missiles or bombs which may be launched from a distance sufficient to allow attacking personnel to evade the effect of the weapon or defensive fire from the target area. Typically, they are used against land- and sea-based targets in an offensive operation. The name is derived from their ability to engage the target while standing off outside the range at which the defenders are likely to engage the attacker. Typical stand-off weapons include cruise missiles, glide bombs and short-range ballistic missiles.

Standoff missiles belong to the larger class of ranged weapons and are complemented by the Stand-in Attack Weapon (SiAW), a missile with a shorter range that is fired by an aircraft after penetrating enemy airspace.
Kyrgyz in Turkey
The Kyrgyz people in Turkey arrived in Turkey in small groups as a result of invasion of Central Asia by Russian Empire during the 20th century. As of 2024, Turkish Statistical Institute recorded 23,802 Kyrgyz living in Turkey, an increase of 1,325 from the year before.

Turkish Statistical Institute
The Turkish Statistical Institute (commonly known as TurkStat; Turkish: Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu, abbreviated TÜİK) is a Turkish government agency responsible for producing official statistics on Turkey's population, resources, economy, society, and culture. Founded on 25 April 1926 and headquartered in Ankara, the institute operates through 26 regional directorates across the country. Formerly known as the State Institute of Statistics (Turkish: Devlet İstatistik Enstitüsü, DİE), the institute was reorganized and renamed under Law No. 5429 on 18 November 2005.
Trapped (Tupac Shakur song)
"Trapped" is a Political hip-hop song written and performed by American rapper 2Pac. It was released on September 25, 1991, through Interscope Records as the lead single from his debut solo studio album 2Pacalypse Now. Recording sessions took place at Starlight Sound Studio in Richmond, California. Production was handled by Ramone "Pee-Wee" Gooden, who utilised samples from the Bar-Kays's "Holy Ghost" and James Brown's "The Spank".

It deals with police brutality. The first verse tells a story of 2Pac being harassed by the police with one even shooting at him. He then fires back and says he did it because he was tired of constantly being profiled and abused by police officers.

The song was featured on 2Pac's 1998 posthumous Greatest Hits album.

Richmond, California
Richmond is a city in western Contra Costa County, California, United States. The city was incorporated on August 3, 1905, and has a city council. Located in the San Francisco Bay Area's East Bay region, Richmond borders San Pablo, Albany, El Cerrito and Pinole in addition to the unincorporated communities of North Richmond, Hasford Heights, Kensington, El Sobrante, Bayview-Montalvin Manor, Tara Hills, and East Richmond Heights, and for a short distance San Francisco on Red Rock Island in the San Francisco Bay.

Richmond is one of two cities, the other being San Rafael, that sits on the shores of both San Francisco Bay and San Pablo Bay. Its population was 116,448 as of the 2020 United States census making it the second largest city in the United States named Richmond after Richmond, Virginia.
San Felipe Creek (Texas)
San Felipe Creek is a spring-fed stream that flows through Del Rio, Texas. It originates from the San Felipe Springs, the fourth largest spring system in Texas, and flows for eighteen miles before emptying into the Rio Grande below the Amistad Dam. In this otherwise arid area, the creek is the only source of potable water for Del Rio and Laughlin Air Force Base and serves as a primary hub for local recreation.

Amistad Dam
Amistad Dam (Spanish: Presa la Amistad) is a major embankment dam across the Rio Grande between Texas, United States, and Coahuila, Mexico. Built to provide irrigation water storage, flood control, and hydropower generation, it is the largest dam along the international boundary reach of the Rio Grande. The dam is over 6 miles (9.7 km) long, lies mostly on the Mexican side of the border, and forms Amistad Reservoir. It supplies water for irrigation in the Rio Grande Valley, 574 miles (924 km) upstream of the Rio Grande's mouth on the Gulf of Mexico at Brownsville, Texas/Matamoros, Tamaulipas.

The dam is owned and operated by the International Boundary and Water Commission (IBWC), and also facilitates the Amistad Dam Port of Entry. Amistad is derived from the Spanish word for "friendship", representing the two nations' cooperation on the dam.
Maybe (Enrique Iglesias song)
"Maybe" is a song written by Enrique Iglesias, Steve Morales, Kara DioGuardi, and David Siegel for Iglesias' second English-language album, Escape (2001). Iglesias stated in many interviews that the song was his favorite track from the album Escape. In 2002, the album was reissued with two new tracks, one of which was a reworking of the song dubbed the "Mark Taylor Mix". This version changed the song from a rhythmic piano based ballad into a slower guitar-driven song. This version of the song was released as the fifth single from the album.

"Maybe" caused minor controversy when Britney Spears debuted a new song during her Dream Within a Dream Tour called "My Love Was Always There", which features similar lyrics to the chorus of Iglesias's "Maybe" as well as the same melody throughout the song. The single was released on 25 November 2002, reaching number one in Romania and becoming a top-40 hit in Ireland, the Netherlands, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom.

Kara DioGuardi
Kara Elizabeth DioGuardi (/ˈkærə ˌdiːoʊˈɡwɑːrdi/ KARR-ə DEE-oh-GWAR-dee;  December 9, 1970) is an American songwriter, record producer, music publisher, A&R executive, and singer. She primarily writes music in the pop rock genre. She has worked with many popular artists; sales of albums on which her songs appear exceed 160 million worldwide. DioGuardi is a 2011 NAMM Music for Life Award winner, 2009 NMPA Songwriter Icon Award winner, 2007 BMI Pop Songwriter of the Year, and has received 20 BMI Awards for co-writing songs.

DioGuardi was a judge on American Idol for its eighth and ninth seasons. In 2008, she was appointed to the position of executive vice president of talent development at Warner Bros. Records; she has signed acts such as Jason Derulo and Iyaz. In 2011, she was a head judge on the Bravo singer-songwriter competition series Platinum Hit.
Jan Sokol (philosopher)
Jan Sokol (18 April 1936 – 16 February 2021) was a Czech philosopher, dissident, politician and translator. He briefly served as Minister of Education, Youth and Sports in 1998 under Prime Minister Josef Tošovský. From 1990 to 1992, he was Member of Parliament for Prague. From 2000 to 2007, he served as the first dean of the Faculty of Humanities at Charles University in Prague. Sokol ran for President of the Czech Republic in the 2003 election but lost to Václav Klaus.

Josef Tošovský
Josef Tošovský (Czech pronunciation: [ˈjozɛf ˈtoʃofskiː]) (born 28 September 1950) is a Czech economist and former governor of Czech National Bank (from 1993 to 2000). From 17 December 1997 to 17 July 1998 he was the prime minister of the Czech Republic in a caretaker government.
Julakanti Ranga Reddy
Julakanti Ranga Reddy (born 24 October 1958) is an Indian politician and former Member of Legislative Assembly for Miryalaguda Assembly Constituency, representing the Communist Party of India (Marxist). J Ranga Reddy has won in the Andhra Pradesh State Assembly Elections 2009 for CPI(M) in Miryalaguda Constituency.

Miryalaguda
Miryalaguda is a city in Nalgonda district of the Indian state of Telangana. In 2015, the Government of India placed Miryalaguda under the Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation scheme. Miryalaguda has received Skoch award in 2018 for its excellence in implementing "Urban Reforms".
 It is located about 44 kilometres (27 mi) from the district headquarters Nalgonda, 142 kilometres (88 mi) from the state capital Hyderabad.
KRI Fatahillah
KRI Fatahillah (361) is an Indonesian Navy ship named after Fatahillah, a national war heroic figure who recaptured Sunda Kelapa from the Portuguese and consequently changed its name to Jayakarta. KRI Fatahillah is a missile-equipped corvette, the first ship of Fatahillah-class corvette.

Sunda Kelapa
Sunda Kelapa (Sundanese: ᮞᮥᮔ᮪ᮓ ᮊᮜᮕ, Sunda Kalapa) is the old port of Jakarta, located on the estuary of the Ciliwung River. "Sunda Kalapa" (Sundanese: "Coconut of Sunda") is the original name, and it was the main port of the Sunda Kingdom. The port is situated in Penjaringan District, of North Jakarta, Indonesia. Today the old port only accommodates pinisi, a traditional two-masted wooden sailing ship providing inter-island freight service in the archipelago.  Although it is now only a minor port, Jakarta has its origins in Sunda Kelapa and it played a significant role in the city's development. The port is currently operated by the state-owned Indonesia Port Corporation (Pelindo).
Setae (Lydia)
Setae, Setai (Ancient Greek: Σέται), Settae, Settai (Σέτται), Saettae, Saittai, or Saittae (Σαίτται), was a town of ancient Lydia, located at Sidas Kaleh in Modern Turkey. The ruins of that town consist of a stadium, tombs, and ruins of several temples. The town is not mentioned by any of the earlier writers, but appears in Ptolemy and Hierocles.

Roman amphitheatre
Roman amphitheatres are theatres — large, circular or oval open-air venues with tiered seating — built by the ancient Romans. They were used for events such as gladiator combats, venationes (animal slayings) and executions. About 230 Roman amphitheatres have been found across the area of the Roman Empire. Early amphitheatres date from the Republican period, though they became more monumental during the  Imperial era.

Amphitheatres are distinguished from circuses and hippodromes, which were usually rectangular and built mainly for racing events, and stadia, built for athletics, but several of these terms have at times been used for one and the same venue. The word amphitheatrum means "theatre all around". Thus, an amphitheatre is distinguished from the traditional semicircular Roman theatres by being circular or oval in shape.
Meng House
Meng House, also known as The Hill House and Clough-Wallace House, is a historic home located at Union in Union County, South Carolina, United States.  It was built about 1832, and is a two-story, Greek Revival style frame dwelling.  It features two two-story Doric order porticos supported by four stucco-over-brick columns.  It has a two-story wing that houses the kitchen with bathrooms above.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.

Union County, South Carolina
Union County is a county located in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 27,244. Its county seat is Union. The county was created in 1785.

Union County is included in the Spartanburg, SC Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also part of the Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson, SC Combined Statistical Area.
Haddal
Haddal is a settlement in Ulstein Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county. Haddal is located on the southern part of the island of Hareidlandet about 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) south of the town of Ulsteinvik and about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) northwest of the village of Eiksund.

The 0.35-square-kilometre (86-acre) village had a population (2012) of 323 and a population density of 923 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,390/sq mi). Since 2012, the population and area data for this village area has not been separately tracked by Statistics Norway.

Møre og Romsdal
Møre og Romsdal (Urban East Norwegian: [ˈmø̂ːrə ɔ ˈrʊ̀msdɑːɫ] ⓘ; English: Møre and Romsdal) is a county in the northernmost part of Western Norway. It borders the counties of Trøndelag, Innlandet, and Vestland. The county administration is located in the town of Molde, while Ålesund is the largest town. The county is governed by the Møre og Romsdal County Municipality which includes an elected county council and a county mayor. The national government is represented by the county governor.
Dalcerides alba
Dalcerides alba is a moth in the family Dalceridae. It was described by Herbert Druce in 1887. It is found in southern Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, Belize, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia and Ecuador.

The larvae feed on Colubrina species.

Herbert Druce
Herbert Druce, FLS (14 July 1846 in London – 11 April 1913 in London) was an English entomologist. His collections were acquired by Frederick DuCane Godman (1834–1919), Osbert Salvin (1835–1898), and James John Joicey (1870–1932) before being bequeathed to the Natural History Museum in London.

He is not to be confused with his son, the English entomologist Hamilton Herbert Druce (1869 – 21 June 1922), who also worked on Lepidoptera.
Gonatus pyros
Gonatus pyros, the fiery gonate squid, or fiery armhook squid, is a species of squid within the family Gonatidae. The distribution of the species is in the central and eastern North Pacific from the Aleutian Islands to Baja California, where it lives at depths of 563–667 m (1,847–2,188 ft) in oceanic environments. Their planktonic paralarvae are usually found at depths of 200–300 m (660–980 ft). High abundances occur over continental slopes in the summer. It grows to lengths of 125 mm (4.9 in).

Gonatus pyros currently has no conservation measures towards it, and more research is required to fully understand its distribution, population, and potential threats that may effect the species. For now it has been assessed as 'Least concern' by the IUCN Red List.

Coleoidea
Coleoidea or Dibranchiata is one of the two subclasses of cephalopod molluscs containing all the various taxa popularly thought of as "soft-bodied" or "shell-less" (i.e. octopus, squid and cuttlefish). Unlike its sister groups, the shelled †Ammonoidea and Nautiloidea, the coleoids have at most an internal shell called cuttlebone or gladius that is used for buoyancy or as muscle attachment. Some species, notably the incirrate octopuses (including commonly known varieties living in the shallows), have lost their internal shell altogether, while in some it has been replaced by a chitinous support structure.
Isar ul-Haq Qasmi
Isar-ul-Haq Qasmi (Urdu: ایثار الحق قاسمی; died 1991) was a Pakistani Islamic scholar and Religio-political figure, who was a member of Sipah-e-Sahaba and had been a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan between 1990 and 1993 representing the Jhang constituency.

Jhang Tehsil
Jhang  (Urdu: تحصِل جهنگ), (Gurmukhi: ਝੰਗ) is a subdivision (Tehsil) of Jhang District in the Punjab province of Pakistan. It is subdivided into 55 Union Councils.

The city of Jhang is the headquarters of the tehsil.
Per-Olov
Per-Olov is a masculine given name borne by:

Per-Olov Ahrén (1926–2004), Swedish clergyman, bishop of Lund from 1980 to 1992

Per-Olov Brasar (born 1950), Swedish retired ice hockey forward

Per-Olov Kindgren (born 1956), Swedish musician, composer, guitarist and music teacher

Per-Olov Löwdin (1916–2000), Swedish physicist

Per-Olov Ahrén
Per-Olov Ahrén (1926 in Forserum, Småland, Sweden – 22 March 2004) was a Swedish clergyman who served as bishop of Lund from 1980 to 1992.

His writings include Synod and Synodal Constitution : A Study in the Swedish Church Constitution Debate, 1827-1865 (1956) and Who is in charge in the church?: An Overview of the Organization of the Church of Sweden (1961)
Stars (Simply Red album)
Stars is the fourth album by British-based pop/soul/jazz band Simply Red, released on 30 September 1991. Five singles were released from the album, including the UK top ten hits "Stars" and "For Your Babies". The album was a worldwide success, particularly in the band's home country where it has been certified twelve times platinum and was the best-selling album of the year in the UK for both 1991 and 1992, the first album to be the best-seller in two consecutive years since Simon & Garfunkel's Bridge over Troubled Water in 1970–1971. As of April 2019 it is the 14th best-selling album of all time in the UK.

The album was on the shortlist of nominees for the 1992 Mercury Prize. In 2000 Q placed Stars at number 80 in its list of "The 100 Greatest British Albums Ever".

In 2000 it was voted number 258 in Colin Larkin's All Time Top 1000 Albums.

Mercury Prize
The Mercury Prize, formerly called the Mercury Music Prize, is an annual music prize awarded for the best album released by a musical act from the United Kingdom or Ireland. It was created by Jon Webster and Robert Chandler in association with the British Phonographic Industry and British Association of Record Dealers in 1992 as an alternative to the Brit Awards.
Yevgeny Kharitonov (politician)
Yevgeny Mikhaylovich Khritonov (Russian: Евгений Михайлович Харитонов, born 4 October 1946) is a Russian agronomist and politician.  He has served as governor of Krasnodar Krai in 1994–1996.

In 1971, Kharitonov graduated from the Kuban Agricultural Institute as an agronomist. Since 1973 he was a Communist Party functionary, holding senior positions in Labinsky and Kurganinsky Districts of Krasnodar Krai.

In 1991–94 he was the head of Kurganinsky District administration. From August 1994 to July 1996 Kharitonov was the governor of Krasnodar Krai. After he was removed from office by president Boris Yeltsin, he participated in the election of October 1996. Kharitonov finished fifth with 2% of the vote.

From 1996 to 1998 he was a vice-chancellor of the Kuban State Agrarian University. In 1998-2015 he headed the All-Russian Research Institute of Rice.

Kurganinsky District
Kurganinsky District (Russian: Курга́нинский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the thirty-eight in Krasnodar Krai, Russia. As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Kurganinsky Municipal District. It is located in the east of the krai. The area of the district is 1,590 square kilometers (610 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Kurganinsk.
I'm Glad There Is You
"I'm Glad There Is You (In This World of Ordinary People)" is a song written by Jimmy Dorsey and Paul Madeira (sometimes credited as Paul Mertz) first published in 1941. It has become a jazz and pop standard.

Chet Baker
Chesney Henry "Chet" Baker Jr. (December 23, 1929 – May 13, 1988) was an American jazz trumpeter and vocalist. He is known for major innovations in cool jazz that led him to be nicknamed the "Prince of Cool".

Baker earned much attention and critical praise through the 1950s, particularly for albums featuring his vocals: Chet Baker Sings (1954) and It Could Happen to You (1958). Jazz historian Dave Gelly described the promise of Baker's early career as "James Dean, Sinatra, and Bix, rolled into one". His well-publicized drug habit also drove his notoriety and fame. Baker was in and out of jail frequently before enjoying a career resurgence in the late 1970s and 1980s.
St Clere's School
St Clere's School (formerly St Clere's School and Language College) is a coeducational co-operative secondary school with academy status located on the outskirts of Stanford Le Hope, Thurrock, Essex. The school was established in 1978, became an academy in 2011 and since 2013 has also been a specialist science and sports college. It has a "good" Ofsted rating and has a student population of 1342 as of 2021.

The school is involved with the Jack Petchey Award. It is offered to students in the upper years of the school, being years 9 to 11. It is also a sister school with fellow trust school Thames Park Secondary School, with current Headteacher Ashlie Hughes being the executive head at Thames Park.

Stanford-le-Hope
Stanford-le-Hope is a town in the borough of Thurrock in Essex, England. Often known locally simply as Stanford, the town is located 24 miles (39 km) east of Charing Cross in central London. At the 2021 census the Stanford-le-Hope built up area as defined by the Office for National Statistics, which includes Corringham, had a population of 29,525.

Stanford-le-Hope was an ancient parish. It was abolished as a civil parish in 1936 on the creation of Thurrock Urban District, which in turn became the modern borough of Thurrock in 1974. The ecclesiastical parish has been merged with neighbouring Mucking to form a Church of England parish called "Stanford-le-Hope with Mucking".
Murder of William Rowe
The murder of William Rowe was committed in 1963 by Dennis John Whitty (1941 – 17 December 1963) and Russell Pascoe (1940 – 17 December 1963), making them the third-to-last prisoners to be executed by hanging in a British prison. Whitty and Pascoe were convicted for their part in the murder of 64-year-old Cornish farmer William Garfield Rowe on 14 August 1963. When executed, they were 22 and 23 years old respectively. Pascoe was executed at 8.00 am in Bristol's Horfield Prison on Tuesday, 17 December 1963. Pascoe and Whitty had believed that Rowe kept a fortune hidden on his farm, Nanjarrow Farm, Constantine, near Falmouth.

Capital punishment in the United Kingdom
Capital punishment in the United Kingdom predates the formation of the UK, having been used in Britain and Ireland from ancient times until the second half of the 20th century. The last executions in the United Kingdom were by hanging, and took place in 1964; capital punishment for murder was suspended in 1965 and finally abolished in 1969 (1973 in Northern Ireland).  Although unused, the death penalty remained a legally defined punishment for certain offences such as treason until it was completely abolished in 1998; the last person to be executed for treason was William Joyce, in 1946.

In 2004, Protocol No. 13 to the European Convention on Human Rights became binding on the United Kingdom; it prohibits the restoration of the death penalty as long as the UK is a party to the convention (regardless of the UK's status in relation to the European Union).
Thangal people
The Thangal people are a Tibeto-Burman ethnic group inhabiting Senapati district in the Northeast Indian state of Manipur. 
They speak the Thangal language, which resembles Maram, and Rongmei.
They use Meitei language as their second language (L2) according to the Ethnologue.

Presently there are 13 Thangal villages. They are found in eleven hill villages of the Senapati District: Angkailongdi, Katomei Makeng, Makeng Cheijinba, Ngaihang, Mapao Thangal, Mayangkhang, Ningthoupham, Thangal Surung, Tumnoupokpi, Yaikongpao and Takaimei.

Khoirao language
Khoirao, also known as Thangal, is a Sino-Tibetan language spoken in Manipur, India. It belongs to the Zemeic branch.

The speakers of this language use Meitei language as their second language (L2) according to the Ethnologue.