hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Histoplasma capsulatum
Histoplasma capsulatum is a species of dimorphic fungus.  Its sexual form is called Ajellomyces capsulatus.  It can cause pulmonary and disseminated histoplasmosis.

Histoplasma capsulatum is "distributed worldwide, except in Antarctica, but most often associated with river valleys" and occurs chiefly in the "Central and Eastern United States" followed by "Central and South America, and other areas of the world". It is most prevalent in the Ohio and Mississippi River valleys. It was discovered by Samuel Taylor Darling in 1906.

Central United States
40°N 98°W﻿ / ﻿40°N 98°W﻿ / 40; -98

The Central United States is sometimes conceived as between the Eastern and Western as part of a three-region model, roughly coincident with the U.S. Census Bureau's definition of the Midwestern United States plus the western and central portions of the U.S. Census's definition of the Southern United States. The Central States are typically considered to consist of North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas, Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, Arkansas, Louisiana, Wisconsin, Illinois, Michigan, Indiana, Ohio, Kentucky, Tennessee, West Virginia, Mississippi and Alabama.
Pick (hieroglyph)
The ancient Egyptian Pick hieroglyph, Gardiner sign listed nos. U17, U18 is a portrayal of a 'pick upon the side view of a block'; it is in the Gardiner subset for agriculture, crafts, and professions.

In the Egyptian language, the pick hieroglyph is used as an ideogram or determinative for grg, the verb "to pick through", or for other related words.

Ideogram
An ideogram or ideograph (from Greek idéa 'idea' + gráphō 'to write') is a symbol that is used within a given writing system to represent an idea or concept in a given language. (Ideograms are contrasted with phonograms, which indicate sounds of speech and thus are independent of any particular language.) Some ideograms are more arbitrary than others: some are only meaningful assuming preexisting familiarity with some convention; others more directly resemble their signifieds. Ideograms that represent physical objects by visually illustrating them are called pictograms.

Numerals and mathematical symbols are ideograms, for example ⟨1⟩ 'one', ⟨2⟩ 'two', ⟨+⟩ 'plus', and ⟨=⟩ 'equals'.

The ampersand ⟨&⟩ is used in many languages to represent the word and, originally a stylized ligature of the Latin word et.

Other typographical examples include ⟨§⟩ 'section', ⟨€⟩ 'euro', ⟨£⟩ 'pound sterling', and ⟨©⟩ 'copyright'.
Mukhsin Mukhamadiev
Mukhsin Mukhamadiev (Tajik: Мӯҳсин Муҳаммадиев; Russian: Мухсин Муслимович Мухаммадиев; 21 October 1966 – 1 January 2026) was a Tajik-Russian football player and coach. Born in the Tajik SSR, he represented both Tajikistan and Russia in the 90s.

Tajikistan Higher League
The Ligai Olii Tojikiston or Tajikistan Top League (Tajik: Лигаи Олии Тоҷикистон; Russian: Высшая лига Таджикистана, romanized: Vysshaya liga Tadzhikistana) is the top division of professional football in Tajikistan. It is part of the Tajikistan Football League Organization and Tajikistan Football Federation.

It was founded in 1992, with 8 clubs participating. The first champion of the league was CSKA Pomir Dushanbe. Currently the most successful team is FC Istiklol.
Bianhu
Bianhu (Chinese: 編戶齊民; pinyin: biān hù qí mín) was a system of household registration introduced following the Qin unification in 221 BC. The system transformed individual households into a category labelled the "common people listed in the household register".

Commoner
A commoner, also known as the common man, commoners, the common people or the masses, was in earlier use an ordinary person in a community or nation who did not have any significant social status, especially a member of neither royalty, nobility, nor any part of the aristocracy. Depending on culture and period, other elevated persons (such members of clergy) may have had higher social status in their own right, or were regarded as commoners if lacking an aristocratic background.

This class overlaps with the legal class of people who have a property interest in common land, a longstanding feature of land law in England and Wales. Commoners who have rights for a particular common are typically neighbors, not the public in general.

In monarchist terminology, aristocracy and nobility are included in the term.
Charles de Brimeu
Charles de Brimeu (1524 or 1525 – 1572 in Zwolle) was the last count of Meghem, lord of Humbercourt, of Houdain and Éperlecques. He was grandson of Guy of Brimeu, who was beheaded in Ghent. He became the last ceremonial Hereditary Marshal of Brabant of his family: he sold this ceremonial office to Gaspard II Schetz.

Megen
Megen or Meghem is a small city in the southern part of the Netherlands, in the province North Brabant, close to the river Maas. It is part of the Oss municipality. The number of inhabitants is approximately 1700.
Empresa Agroindustrial Pomalca
Empresa Agroindustrial Pomalca is a leading agribusiness company based in Chiclayo, Peru. It is one of the country's major sugar producers. The company has more than 15,000 hectares (37,000 acres) in sugar cane for production of sugar, molasses, and bagasse, in addition to other agricultural exports from its factory in coastal Lambayeque Region, Peru. It is an exporter of refined sugar to the United States.

Department of Lambayeque
Lambayeque (Spanish pronunciation: [lambaˈʝeke]; Quechua: Lampalliqi) is a department of Peru. Located in the country's northwest, it is known for its rich Moche and Chimú historical past. It is the second-smallest department in Peru after Tumbes, but it is also its most densely populated department and its eighth most populous department. It is administered by a regional government. Its capital is Chiclayo.
Elizabeth Lackfi
Elizabeth Lackfi (died 27 December 1428) was a Hungarian noble lady of the Lackfi family.

Elizabeth was daughter of Emeric I Lackfi, general starost of Ruthenia and Ban of Dalmatia (Transylvanian Voivodship) and of Hungary.

She was married to Spytek of Melsztyn, the voivode of Cracow, until his death in battle in 1399. Subsequently, she married Jan Piast, Duke of Ziębice.

She was listed as a matriculant of the University of Crakow, though this may have been honorary.

Children:

Jadwiga z Melsztyna

Dorota z Melsztyna

Katarzyna z Melsztyna

Spytek z Melsztyna

Jan z Melsztyna i Rabsztyna

In Poland she became known as Elżbieta Węgierka or Elżbieta Bebek.

Ban (title)
Ban (/ˈbɑːn/) was the title of local rulers or officeholders, similar to viceroy, used in several states in Central and Southeastern Europe between the 7th and 20th centuries. The most common examples have been found in medieval Croatia and medieval regions ruled and influenced by the Kingdom of Hungary. They often ruled as the king's governmental representatives, supreme military commanders and judges, and in 18th century Croatia, even as chief government officials. In the Banate of Bosnia they were always de facto supreme rulers.
Tamale Central (Ghana parliament constituency)
Tamale Central is one of the constituencies represented in the Parliament of Ghana. It elects one member of parliament (MP) by the first-past-the-post system of election. Tamale Central is located in the Tamale Metropolitan district  of the Northern Region of Ghana.

This seat was created prior to the  Ghanaian parliamentary election in 2004.

At the by-election held on 4 April 2006, Alhassan Fuseini Inusah of the National Democratic Congress (NDC) won with a majority of 17502. This followed the resignation of Alhassan Wayo Seini (NDC), who resigned to join the New Patriotic Party but lost the resultant by-election.

2004 Ghanaian general election
General elections were held in Ghana on 7 December 2004. The presidential elections resulted in a victory for incumbent John Kufuor of the New Patriotic Party (NPP), who defeated John Atta-Mills of the National Democratic Congress with 52 percent of the vote in the first round, enough to win without the need for a runoff. The parliamentary elections saw the NPP win 128 seats in the expanded 230-seat Parliament, an outright majority.
Red Army Standard Ammunition
Red Army Standard Ammunition is a trademark associated with Century International Arms (CIA), an arms and ammunition corporation in Delray Beach, Florida, United States. The official spelling of the brand's name is faux Cyrillic, written as RЭD АRMY STAИDARD. The company supplies various sizes of cartridges for designs of firearms, such as the AKM and AK-47 rifles and the Makarov PM pistol, originating from Russia and former Soviet (Eastern Bloc) countries. Cartridges are made in various countries, including Russia, Ukraine, Romania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Poland. One manufacturer of RAS cartridges is Lugansk Cartridge Works, in Lugansk, Ukraine and its headstamp code is the letters "LU". Another factory is the IGMAN d.d. Konjic cartridge plant in the city of Konjic, in Igman, Bosnia and Herzegovina and its newer headstamp is the letters "IK", while the older headstamp consists of the Cyrillic letters "ИК".

I (Cyrillic)
I (И и; italics: И и or И и; italics: И и) is a letter used in almost all modern Cyrillic alphabets with the exception of Belarusian, where it is replaced by І.

It commonly represents either the close front unrounded vowel /i/ (e.g., in Ukrainian), like the pronunciation of ⟨i⟩ in "machine", or the near-close near-front unrounded vowel /ɪ/, (e.g., in Russian), like the pronunciation of ⟨i⟩ in "bin".
Alpha-7 nicotinic receptor
The alpha-7 nicotinic receptor, also known as the α7 receptor, is a type of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor implicated in long-term memory, consisting entirely of α7 subunits.  As with other nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, functional α7 receptors are pentameric [i.e., (α7)5 stoichiometry].

It is located in the brain, spleen, and lymphocytes of lymph nodes where activation yields post- and presynaptic excitation, mainly by increased Ca2+ permeability.

Further, recent work has implicated this receptor as being important for generation of adult mammal neurons in the retina.  Functional α7 receptors are present in the submucous plexus neurons of the guinea-pig ileum.

Ileum
The ileum (/ˈɪliəm/) is the final section of the small intestine in most higher vertebrates, including mammals, reptiles, and birds. In fish, the divisions of the small intestine are not as clear and the terms posterior intestine or distal intestine may be used instead of ileum. Its main function is to absorb vitamin B12, bile salts, and whatever products of digestion that were not absorbed by the jejunum.

The ileum follows the duodenum and jejunum and is separated from the cecum by the ileocecal valve (ICV). In humans, the ileum is about 2–4 m long, and the pH is usually between 7 and 8 (neutral or slightly basic).

Ileum is derived from the Greek word εἰλεός (eileós), referring to a medical condition known as ileus.
Dave Black (baseball)
David Black (November 8, 1893 – June 17, 1959) was an American pitcher in Major League Baseball who played in the Federal League from 1914 through 1915 for the Chicago Whales (1914–1915) and Baltimore Terrapins (1915) and with the Boston Red Sox of the American League in 1923. Black batted left-handed and threw right-handed. He was born in Chicago, Illinois.

In a three-season career, Black posted an 8–10 record with 72 strikeouts and a 3.18 earned run average in 181+1⁄3 innings pitched.

In the field, he handled 69 total chances without an error for a perfect 1.000 fielding percentage

Baltimore Terrapins
The Baltimore Terrapins were one of the most successful teams in the short-lived Federal League of professional baseball from 1914 to 1915, but their brief existence led to litigation that led to an important legal precedent in baseball. The team played its home games at Terrapin Park.
La Crête Abbey
La Crête Abbey (French: Abbaye de La Crête, anciently La Chreste; Latin: Crista alba) was a Cistercian monastery in the commune of Bourdons-sur-Rognon in the département of Haute-Marne, France.

It was founded in 1121 as the second daughter house of Morimond Abbey by Simon de Clefmont, after a failed attempt at a foundation in 1118 at the site now known as La Vieille-Crête. The abbey was very active in founding further monasteries: Les Vaux-en-Ornois in Saint-Joire (1130), Saint-Benoît-en-Woëvre (1132), Les Feuillants (1145) and Matallana in Villalba de los Alcores (1173).

It was suppressed during 1791 in the French Revolution, when the church and conventual buildings were mostly demolished.

Little remains of the mediaeval structures, known from a plan of 1705, apart from the chapter house. The gate house of 1715 also survives.

Vigneulles-lès-Hattonchâtel
Vigneulles-lès-Hattonchâtel (French pronunciation: [viɲœl le atɔ̃ʃatɛl], literally Vigneulles near Hattonchâtel) is a commune in the Meuse department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.

The former towns of Billy-sous-les-Côtes, Creuë, Hattonchâtel, Hattonville, Saint-Benoît-en-Woëvre, and Viéville-sous-les-Côtes were joined to Vigneulles-lès-Hattonchâtel on 1 March 1973.
Mairan (crater)
Mairan is a lunar impact crater that is located on a highland peninsula between Oceanus Procellarum to the west and Mare Imbrium to the east. To the north-northeast is the comparably sized crater Sharp. Northwest of Mairan is the heavily eroded Louville.

The outer rim of Mairan has not been significantly eroded or impacted, and retains a sharp edge. The surface around Mairan is rough and irregular, with a multitude of many tiny craters, particularly to the south and west. The inner walls display some terracing, and flow down to a relatively flat interior floor.

Mairan is a crater of Upper (Late) Imbrian age.

Oceanus Procellarum
Oceanus Procellarum (/oʊˈsiːənəs ˌprɒsɛˈlɛərəm/ oh-SEE-ə-nəs PROSS-el-AIR-əm; from Latin: Ōceanus procellārum, lit. 'Ocean of Storms') is a vast lunar plain on the western edge of the near side of the Moon. It is the only one of the lunar plains to be called an "Oceanus" (ocean), due to its size: Oceanus Procellarum is the largest lunar plain, stretching more than 2,500 km (1,600 mi) across its north–south axis and covering roughly 4,000,000 km2 (1,500,000 sq mi), accounting for 10.5% of the total lunar surface area.
Paul M. Starnes
Paul Malvine Starnes (December 31, 1934 – January 9, 2015) was an American politician in the state of Tennessee. He attended Chattanooga Central High School, Hiwassee College, Tennessee Wesleyan College, and the University of Chattanooga. Starnes served in the Tennessee House of Representatives as a Democrat from the 31st District from 1972 to 1990. He was preceded in office by Republican Granville Hinton, and succeeded by Kenneth J. Meyer. A native of Chattanooga, Tennessee, he previously worked in the Hamilton County Department of Education. He died on January 9, 2015, aged 80.

Hiwassee College
Hiwassee College was a private college in Madisonville, Tennessee, United States. Founded in 1849, the college offered associate degrees as well as bachelor's degrees. The majority of its associate degree graduates went on to complete bachelor's degrees elsewhere. The college closed on May 10, 2019, due to financial issues.
Devils and Angels (song)
"Devils and Angels" is a song written and performed by Toby Lightman, issued as the first single from her first studio album Little Things. The song was originally released on December 2, 2003 leading to a peak position of #17 on the Billboard adult top 40 chart. It was re-released on December 7, 2004.

Adult Pop Airplay
The Adult Pop Airplay (formerly known as Adult Pop Songs and Adult Top 40) chart is published weekly by Billboard magazine and ranks "the most popular adult top 40 as based on radio airplay detections measured by Nielsen Broadcast Data Systems."

It is a format in which the genre is geared more towards an adult audience who are not into hard rock, hip hop, or soft adult contemporary fare. The main genres within this format are a mix of soft and energetic adult contemporary music alongside adult alternative rock and adult-oriented pop music. It is not to be confused with the Adult Contemporary chart which contains more ballad-driven songs played on the radio. The current number-one song on the chart is "Opalite" by Taylor Swift.
Ohio State University Marching Band
The Ohio State University Marching Band (OSUMB) is a university marching band named for and a part of Ohio State University. The band, nicknamed The Best Damn Band in the Land (TBDBITL) (pronounced /təˈbɪtəl/), performs at football games and other events during the fall semester. It is one of the few collegiate all-brass and percussion bands in the country, and sometimes deemed the largest of its type in the world.

Earle Bruce
Earle Bruce (March 8, 1931 – April 20, 2018) was an American football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at the University of Tampa (1972), Iowa State University (1973–1978), Ohio State University (1979–1987), the University of Northern Iowa (1988), and Colorado State University (1989–1992), compiling a career college football record of 154–90–2. At Ohio State, Bruce succeeded the legendary Woody Hayes and won four Big Ten Conference titles. He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a coach in 2002. Bruce returned to coaching in 2001 to helm the Iowa Barnstormers of the Arena Football League for a season and also later guided the Columbus Destroyers.
Gregorian Tower
The Gregorian Tower (Italian: Torre Gregoriana)  or Tower of the Winds (Italian: Torre dei Venti) is a square tower and early modern observatory located above the Gallery of Maps, which connects the Villa Belvedere with the Apostolic Palace  in Vatican City. The tower was built between 1578 and 1580 to a design by the Bolognese architect Ottaviano Mascherino (who was credited with building the Apostolic Palace) mainly to promote the study of astronomy for the Gregorian Calendar Reform which was commissioned by Pope Gregory XIII and promulgated in 1582. It was then also known as the Tower of Winds. The tower was also called "Specola Astronomica Vaticana", a reference to the Vatican Observatory.
Four stages of progressive development have occurred since it was first established. The tower was an edifice of great value for astronomical observations made using a sundial as they provided essential confirmation of the need to reform the Julian calendar.

Ottaviano Nonni
Ottaviano Nonni (1536 – 6 August 1606), called Il Mascherino, was an Italian architect, sculptor, and painter born in Bologna. He was the architect of the Quirinal Palace under Pope Gregory XIII. His other works include the churches of San Salvatore in Lauro (1591), Santa Maria in Traspontina, the Bandini Chapel in San Silvestro al Quirinale, and the oval plan-design for the church of Santo Spirito in Sassia.
Melanempis
Melanempis is a genus of cuckoo bees belonging to the family Apidae.

All of the species of this genus are endemic species of Madagascar. Melanempis atra was described by Saussure in 1890, the remains four species were discovered by Brooks & Pauly in 2001.

Species:

Melanempis atra (Saussure, 1890)

Melanempis eremnochlora Brooks & Pauly, 2001

Melanempis fulva Brooks & Pauly, 2001

Melanempis scoliiformis Brooks & Pauly, 2001

Melanempis seyrigi Brooks & Pauly, 2001

Henri Louis Frédéric de Saussure
Henri Louis Frédéric de  Saussure (/soʊˈsjʊər/; French: [də sosyʁ]; 27 November 1829 – 20 February 1905) was a Swiss mineralogist, taxonomist and entomologist specialising in studies of hymenopteroid and orthopteroid insects.
Hard Tour
The Hard Tour was a concert tour by Swedish singer Tove Styrke in support of her fourth studio album Hard (2022). The tour began on 23 September 2022 in Jönköping, Sweden, and concluded on 16 February 2023 in Berlin, Germany, comprising 28 shows throughout three legs in Europe and North America.

Jönköping
Jönköping (/ˈjɜːn(t)ʃɜːpɪŋ/, Swedish: [ˈjœ̂nːˌɕøːpɪŋ] ⓘ) is a city in southern Sweden with 112,766 inhabitants (2022). Jönköping is situated on the southern shore of Sweden's second largest lake, Vättern, in the province of Småland.

The city is the seat of Jönköping Municipality, which has a population of 144,699 (2022) and is Småland's most populous municipality. Jönköping is also the seat of Jönköping County which has a population of 367,064 (2022). Jönköping is the seat of a district court and a court of appeal as well as the Swedish National Courts Administration. It is also the seat of the Swedish Board of Agriculture.
The Pianist (album)
The Pianist is a studio album by the American pianist, composer and bandleader Duke Ellington, compiled from sessions in 1966 and 1970, and released on the Fantasy Records label in 1974. Tracks one through seven were recorded at RCA Studio A in New York, NY, on July 18, 1966. Tracks eight through ten were recorded in Las Vegas, Nevada, on January 7, 1970.

RCA Studios New York
RCA Victor Studios New York were music recording studios established by RCA Victor in New York City, including its studio at 155 East 24th Street which was active from 1928 to 1969, and its successor at 1133 Avenue of the Americas which was active from 1969 to 1993.
Syllable (computing)
In computing, a syllable is a unit of information that describes the size of data for some digital hardware from the 1960s and 1970s. The size of the unit varies by hardware design in much the same way that word does. The term is not used for modern hardware; standardized terms, such as byte, are used instead.

Examples:

3-bit: some experimental CISC designs

6-bit: Burroughs B8500

8-bit: English Electric KDF9 (represented as syllabic octals and also called slob-octals or slobs in this context) and Burroughs B6500, B6700/B7700, and successors (see also: Burroughs B6x00-7x00 instruction set)

12-bit: NCR computers such as the NCR 315 (also called slabs in this context) and Burroughs B5000, B5500, and B5700 (see also: B5000 instruction set)

13-bit: Saturn Launch Vehicle Digital Computer (LVDC) and Gemini Spacecraft On-Board Computer (OBC)

Computer hardware
Computer hardware includes the physical parts of a computer, such as the central processing unit (CPU), random-access memory (RAM), motherboard, computer data storage, graphics card, sound card, and computer case. It includes external devices such as a monitor, mouse, keyboard, and speakers.

By contrast, software is a set of written  instructions that can be stored and run by hardware. Hardware derived its name from the fact it is hard or rigid with respect to changes, whereas software is soft because it is easy to change.

Hardware is typically directed by the software to execute any command or instruction. A combination of hardware and software forms a usable computing system, although other systems exist with only hardware.
Pay as You Enter
Pay as You Enter is a 1928 American synchronized sound comedy film directed by Lloyd Bacon and starring Louise Fazenda, Clyde Cook, and William Demarest. While the film has no audible dialog, it was released with a synchronized musical score with sound effects using the sound-on-disc Vitaphone process. The title refers to the fare collection system used on a streetcar.

Lloyd Bacon
Lloyd Francis Bacon (December 4, 1889 – November 15, 1955) was an American screen, stage, and vaudeville actor and film director. As a director, he made films in numerous genres, including westerns, musicals, comedies, gangster films, and crime dramas. He was one of the directors at Warner Bros. in the 1930s who helped give that studio its reputation for gritty, fast-paced "torn from the headlines" action films. And, in directing Warner Bros.' 42nd Street, he joined the movie's song-and-dance-number director, Busby Berkeley, in contributing to "an instant and enduring classic [that] transformed the musical genre".