hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Peake's Commentary on the Bible
Peake's Commentary on the Bible is a one-volume commentary on the Bible, first published in 1919. It gives special attention to biblical archaeology and the then-recent discoveries of biblical manuscripts.

Biblical archaeology
Biblical archaeology is an academic school and a subset of Biblical studies and Levantine archaeology. Biblical archaeology studies archaeological sites from the Ancient Near East and especially the Holy Land (also known as Land of Israel and Canaan), from biblical times.

The Hebrew Bible is the main source of information about the region of Palestine and mostly covers the Iron Age period. Therefore, archaeology can provide insights where biblical historiography is unable to. The comparative study of the biblical text and archaeological discoveries help understand Ancient Near Eastern people and cultures. Although both the Hebrew Bible and the New Testament are taken into account, the majority of the study centers around the former.

The term biblical archaeology is used by Israeli archaeologists for popular media or an English speaking audience, in reference to what is known in Hebrew as "Israeli archaeology", and to avoid using the term Palestinian archaeology.
Hayden Orpheum Picture Palace
The Hayden Orpheum Picture Palace, also known and originally as the Cremorne Orpheum Theatre, is a heritage-listed cinema located at 380 Military Road, in the northern Sydney suburb of Cremorne in the North Sydney Council local government area of New South Wales, Australia. It was designed by George Newton Kenworthy and built in 1935 by F. T. Eastment and Sons. It was added as a Heritage Item to the North Sydney Local Environmental Plan 2013 on 2 August 2013.

The architect, George Newton Kenworthy, is known for his work in the Art Deco style, and most particularly his designs for theatres and cinemas including the Enfield Savoy Theatre (alterations 1938), the Majestic Theatre in Port Macquarie (1936), and the Regent Theatre in Mudgee (1935).

Mudgee
Mudgee (/mʌdʒi/) is a town in the Central West of New South Wales, Australia. It is in the broad fertile Cudgegong River valley 261 km (162 mi) north-west of Sydney and is the largest town in the Mid-Western Regional Council local government area as well as being the council seat. At the 2021 Census, its population was 11,457. The district lies across the edge of the geological structure known as the Sydney Basin.
Oldisleben I
Oldisleben I is an archeological site of the Eemian interglacial period located north of Weimar in the Oldisleben municipality, Germany. Findings at the site include some of the earliest known engravings on portable objects of bone, ivory and stone, dating back between 
135,000 and 80,000 BP.

Before Present
Before Present (BP) or "years before present (YBP)" is a time scale used mainly in archaeology, geology, and other scientific disciplines to specify when events occurred relative to the origin of practical radiocarbon dating in the 1950s. Because the "present" time changes, standard practice is to use 1 January 1950 as the commencement date (epoch) of the age scale, with 1950 being labelled as the "standard year". The abbreviation "BP" has been interpreted retrospectively as "Before Physics", which refers to the time before nuclear weapons testing artificially altered the proportion of the carbon isotopes in the atmosphere, which scientists must account for when using radiocarbon dating for dates of origin that may fall after this year.

In a convention that is not always observed, many sources restrict the use of BP dates to those produced with radiocarbon dating; the alternative notation "RCYBP" stands for the explicit "radio carbon years before present".
Baba Laddé
Mahamat Abdoul Kadre Oumar, better known as Baba Laddé ("father of the bush" in the Fulani language used to designate the lion) is a Chadian Fulani rebel opposing the Chadian regime of Idriss Déby. He is sometimes referred to as Abdel Kader Baba Laddé.

Fula language
FulaListenⓘ  (/ˈfuːlə/ FOO-lə), also known as FulaniListenⓘ  (/fʊˈlɑːniː/ fuu-LAH-nee) or Fulah (Fulfulde, Pulaar, Pular; Adlam: 𞤊𞤵𞤤𞤬𞤵𞤤𞤣𞤫, 𞤆𞤵𞤤𞤢𞥄𞤪, 𞤆𞤵𞤤𞤢𞤪; Ajami: ࢻُلْࢻُلْدٜ‎, ݒُلَارْ‎, بُۛلَر‎), is a Senegambian language spoken by around 36.8 million people as a set of various dialects in a continuum that stretches across some 18 countries in West and Central Africa. Along with other related languages such as Serer and Wolof, it belongs to the Atlantic geographic group within Niger–Congo, and more specifically to the Senegambian branch. Unlike most Niger-Congo languages, Fula does not have tones.

It is spoken as a first language by the Fula people ("Fulani", Fula: Fulɓe) from the Senegambia region and Guinea to Cameroon, Nigeria, and Sudan and by related groups such as the Toucouleur people in the Senegal River Valley. It is also spoken as a second language by various peoples in the region, such as the Kirdi of northern Cameroon and northeastern Nigeria.
Greenbank (surname)
Greenbank is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Caroline Greenbank Boughton (1854-1905), American educator and social activist

Harry Greenbank (1865–1899), English writer and dramatist

Kelly Greenbank (born 1955), Canadian-born Austrian ice hockey player

Luke Greenbank (born 1997), British swimmer

Percy Greenbank (1878–1968), English lyricist

Caroline G. Boughton
Caroline Greenbank Boughton (August 9, 1854 - June 5, 1905) was an American educator and social activist. She was an advocate for Native American civil rights, temperance, and women's rights. She was active in the American Home Missionary Society, the National Woman Suffrage Association, the New Century Club, the Woman's Christian Temperance Union, and the Women's National Indian Association.
Değirmenli, Çermik
Değirmenli is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Çermik, Diyarbakır Province in Turkey. Its population is 25 (2022). It is 108 km from Diyarbakır city center and 15 km from Çermik district.

Diyarbakır Province
Diyarbakır Province (Turkish: Diyarbakır ili; Zazaki: Suke Dîyarbekîr; Kurdish: Parêzgeha Amedê) is a province and metropolitan municipality in southeastern Turkey. Its area is 15,101 km2, and its population is 1,804,880 (2022). The provincial capital is the city of Diyarbakır. The Kurdish majority province is part of Turkish Kurdistan.
Noordgesig Library
Noordgesig Library is a public library in the City of Johannesburg, South Africa, located in the Noordgesig neighbourhood of Soweto (Region D). It is part of the City of Johannesburg Library and Information Services.

City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality
The City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality (Zulu: UMasipala weDolobhakazi laseGoli) is a metropolitan municipality that manages the local governance of Johannesburg, the largest city in South Africa. It is divided into several branches and departments in order to expedite services for the city. Zulu is the most spoken home language at 23.4% followed by English at 20.1%.

Johannesburg is a divided municipality: the poor mostly live in the southern suburbs or on the peripheries of the far north, and the middle and upper class live largely in the suburbs of the center and north. As of 2012, unemployment was near 25% and most young people were out of work. Around 20% of the municipality lives in abject poverty in informal settlements that lack proper roads, electricity, or any other kind of direct municipal service.
Pravin Mishra
Pravin Mishra (born 1975) is an Indian filmmaker, painter,  columnist and educationist based in Karjat, Maharashtra in Western India.

His animated short film "Dharamveer" won the National Critics Award at the Mumbai International Film Festival (MIFF) in 2004. In 2019, Mishra filed a defamation case worth Rs 10 crore against journalist Surabhi Vaya for a Facebook post. The post was later withdrawn. Now Pravin Mishra serves as Dean at School of Design [6]  at Vijaybhoomi University in Greater Mumbai. at VijayBhoomi University in Greater Mumbai.

Vijaybhoomi University
The Vijaybhoomi University (VU) is a private, liberal professional university based in Karjat, Maharashtra, India, established in 2018 under the Vijaybhoomi University Act passed by the Government of Maharashtra. It is recognized by the UGC and aims to blend liberal education with professional degrees in management, design, technology, law, and music.
Ruellia jussieuoides
Ruellia jussieuoides is a species of flowering plant in the family Acanthaceae. It is a subshrub of the tropical Americas, native to central and southern Mexico and Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa, Rica, and Panama, and Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, and West-Central and southeastern Brazil. It is native to the Cerrado ecoregion of Brazil.

Acanthaceae
Acanthaceae (/ækænˈθeɪsiːˌaɪ, -siˌi/) is a family (the acanthus family) of dicotyledonous flowering plants containing almost 250 genera and about 2500 species. Most are tropical herbs, shrubs, or twining vines; some are epiphytes. Only a few species are distributed in temperate regions. The four main centres of distribution are Indonesia and Malaysia, Africa, Brazil, and Central America. Representatives of the family can be found in nearly every habitat, including dense or open forests, scrublands, wet fields and valleys, sea coast and marine areas, swamps, and mangrove forests.
Dwell time (transportation)
In transportation, dwell time or terminal dwell time refers to the time a vehicle such as a public transit bus or train spends at a scheduled stop without moving. Typically, this time is spent boarding or deboarding passengers and baggage, but it may also be spent waiting for traffic ahead to clear, trying to merge into parallel traffic, or idling time in order to get back on schedule. Dwell time is one common measure of efficiency in public transport, with shorter dwell times being universally desirable.

Transit bus
A transit bus (also big bus, commuter bus, city bus, town bus, urban bus, stage bus, public bus,  public transit bus, or simply bus) is a type of bus used in public transport bus services.  Several configurations are used, including low-floor buses, high-floor buses, double-decker buses, articulated buses and midibuses.

These are distinct from all-seated coaches used for intercity travel and smaller minibuses, for more flexible services.
Photinia pageae
Photinia pageae is an extinct species of flowering plant in the family Rosaceae related to the modern Photinias. The species is known from fossil leaves found in early Eocene sites of northern Washington state, United States, and central British Columbia, Canada.

Paleothermometer
A paleothermometer is a methodology that provides an estimate of the ambient temperature at the time of formation of a natural material. Most paleothermometers are based on empirically calibrated proxy relationships, such as trace element ratios in biominerals and proxies from organic molecules.
Mine-Akiyoshidai Karst Plateau Geopark
Mine-Akiyoshidai Karst Plateau Geopark (Japanese: Mine秋吉台ジオパーク) is a geopark that covers the entire area of Mine City in Yamaguchi Prefecture, southern Japan. It was certified as a Japanese geopark in 2015 and is a UNESCO Global Geopark. Akiyoshidai Quasi-National Park is situated within the geopark. Mine-Akiyoshidai Karst Plateau Geopark is a member of the Japanese Geoparks Network, and works with both the Global Geoparks Network and the Asia Pacific Geoparks Network.

Gneiss
Gneiss (/naɪs/ NYSE) is a common and widely distributed type of metamorphic rock. It is formed by high-temperature and high-pressure metamorphic processes acting on formations composed of igneous or sedimentary rocks. This rock is formed under pressures ranging from 2 to 15 kbar, sometimes even more, and temperatures over 300 °C (572 °F). Gneiss nearly always shows a banded texture characterized by alternating darker and lighter colored bands and without a distinct cleavage.

Gneisses are common in the ancient crust of continental shields. Some of the oldest rocks on Earth are gneisses, such as the Acasta Gneiss.
Fortunat Alojzy Gonzaga Żółkowski
Fortunat Alojzy Gonzaga Żółkowski, Ziółkowski (2 November 1777 – 11 September 1822), was a Polish actor, comedist, adaptor, translator, editor of humour magazines, and head of a Polish theatrical family. He was born near Nowogródek (now Navahrudak, Belarus). He performed at Teatr Narodowy. He was the father of Alojzy Gonzaga Jazon Żółkowski and Nepomucena Kostecka.

He died in Warsaw.

National Theatre, Warsaw
The National Theatre (Teatr Narodowy) in Warsaw, Poland, was founded in 1765, during the Polish Enlightenment, by that country's monarch, Stanisław August Poniatowski. The theatre shares the Grand Theatre complex at Theatre Square in Warsaw with another national venue, Poland's National Opera.
Stratton (Centreville, Maryland)
Stratton, also known as Hortense Fleckenstein Farm and Solomon Scott Farm, is a historic home located at Centreville, Queen Anne's County, Maryland, United States. It is a center-passage plan house, constructed of brick laid in Flemish bond, four bays wide and one room deep, with flush brick chimneys centered on each end of a pitched gable roof. The house was built about 1790.

Stratton was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.

Queen Anne's County, Maryland
Queen Anne's County is a county located in the U.S. state of Maryland. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 49,874. Its county seat and most populous municipality is Centreville. The census-designated place of Stevensville is the county's most populous place with a population of 7,442 as of 2020. The county is named for Queen Anne of Great Britain, who reigned when the county was established in 1706 during the colonial period. The county is part of the Mid-Eastern Shore region of the state.

Queen Anne's County is included in the Baltimore-Columbia-Towson, MD Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Washington-Baltimore-Arlington, DC-MD-VA-WV-PA Combined Statistical Area, and is the easternmost in both.

Chesapeake Bay Bridge connects Kent Island in Queen Anne's County across Chesapeake Bay to Anne Arundel County. The American Discovery Trail runs through the county.
Indru Poi Naalai Vaa
Indru Poi Naalai Vaa (transl. Go Today, Come Tomorrow) is a 1981 Indian Tamil-language romantic comedy film written and directed by K. Bhagyaraj. The film stars himself, Radhika, Pazhanisamy and G. Ramli. It revolves around three men in love with the same woman, and their attempts to woo her.

The film was released on 27 March 1981. It was officially remade in Telugu as Kokkaroko (1993) and unofficially in Tamil as Kanna Laddu Thinna Aasaiya (2013).

Radhika Sarathkumar
Radikaa Sarathkumar (/rɑːðɪkɑː/) is an Indian actress, film producer, film director and politician who works predominantly in Tamil and Telugu cinema, TV serials and web series as well as in Hindi, Malayalam and Kannada films. She is a recipient of a National Film Award, two Nandi Awards, three Tamil Nadu State Film Awards and six Filmfare Award South.
Courtenay Bennett
Sir Courtenay Walter Bennett CIE (11 May 1855 – 17 December 1937) was a British diplomat.

Bennett was born in Plymouth, Devon, the son of John Nicholas Bennett and Emily Gribble Prance. He began his career in the India Office. He subsequently moved to Her Majesty's Diplomatic Service, and held postings in Spain, Guatemala, Rio Grande do Sul and Réunion. He was made a Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire on 21 June 1900. He served as the British Consul-General in San Francisco between 1901 and 1907. He then served as Consul-General in New York between 1907 and his retirement in 1915. He was made a knight bachelor in 1914. In retirement he lived in Devon.

Bennett was serving in the British diplomatic mission to the US during the first year of the First World War, and was engaged in early attempts to end American neutrality under the British ambassador, Cecil Spring Rice.

He died at his home in Postbridge, Dartmoor, aged 82.

Postbridge
Postbridge is a hamlet in the heart of Dartmoor in the English county of Devon. It lies on the B3212, roughly midway between Princetown and Moretonhampstead.

Postbridge is on the East Dart river, one of two main tributaries of the River Dart, and consists of a few houses, a shop, a pub and hotel, and a national park tourist information centre.

Postbridge is best known for its fine example of an ancient clapper bridge over the river. First recorded in the 14th century, the bridge is believed to have been built in the 13th century to enable pack horses to cross, carrying tin to the stannary town of Tavistock. The clapper bridge, a Grade II* listed structure, stands alongside a Grade II-listed bridge built in the 1780s.

The settlement is also infamous for the ghost story of the Hairy Hands, which supposedly manifest themselves on a road near the village.
Timeline of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
This is a timeline of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms (907–979), which followed the collapse of the Tang dynasty in 907 AD. The Five Dynasties refer to the succession of dynasties which ruled northern China following the Tang collapse while the Ten Kingdoms, with the exception of Northern Han, ruled in southern China. This era of division ended in 979 AD with the rise of the Song dynasty under Emperor Taizu of Song, although the Song would never reconquer the northern territory lost to the Khitans, collectively known as the Sixteen Prefectures.

Northern Han
The Northern Han (simplified Chinese: 北汉; traditional Chinese: 北漢; pinyin: Běi Hàn) was a dynastic state of China and one of the Ten Kingdoms during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. It was founded by Liu Min (Emperor Shizu) as a continuation of the Later Han dynasty founded by his brother Liu Zhiyuan (Emperor Gaozu). The Northern Han lasted from 951 to 979, when it was conquered by the Northern Song dynasty.
Amoscanate
Amoscanate (INN), also known as nithiocyamine, is an experimental anthelmintic agent of the aryl isothiocyanate class which was found to be highly effective in animals against the four major species of schistosomes which infect humans, and is also highly active against hookworm infection. However, significant liver toxicity was seen in lab animals at higher doses. The ether analogue of amoscanate, nitroscanate, is used in veterinary medicine as an anthelmintic.

Amoscanate was developed by Ciba.

Schistosoma
Schistosoma is a genus of trematodes, commonly known as blood flukes. They are parasitic flatworms responsible for a highly significant group of infections in humans termed schistosomiasis, which is considered by the World Health Organization to be the second-most socioeconomically devastating parasitic disease (after malaria), infecting millions worldwide.

Adult flatworms parasitize blood capillaries of either the mesenteries or plexus of the bladder, depending on the infecting species. They are unique among trematodes and any other flatworms in that they are dioecious with distinct sexual dimorphism between male and female. Thousands of eggs are released and reach either the bladder or the intestine (according to the infecting species), and these are then excreted in urine or feces to fresh water. Larvae must then pass through an intermediate snail host before the next larval stage of the parasite emerges that can infect a new mammalian host by directly penetrating the skin.
Susan Oyama
Susan Oyama (born May 22, 1943) is a philosopher of biology, a  developmental systems theorist  and a professor of psychology; currently professor emerita at the John Jay College and CUNY Graduate Center in New York City.

Oyama's work interrogates the nature versus nurture debates, and problematizes the conceptual foundations (e.g., assumptions, binaries, and classifications) on which these debates depend. Her notion of a "developmental system" allows us to reevaluate and reintegrate standard dichotomies such as development and evolution, body and mind, and stasis and change. Oyama's Developmental systems theory has had a significant impact in cognitive science, psychology, and the philosophy of biology.

She graduated from Mills College and Harvard University.

Cognitive science
Cognitive science is the interdisciplinary, scientific study of the mind and its processes. It examines the nature, the tasks, and the functions of cognition (in a broad sense). Mental faculties of concern to cognitive scientists include perception, memory, attention, reasoning, language, and emotion. To understand these faculties, cognitive scientists borrow from fields such as psychology, philosophy, artificial intelligence, neuroscience, linguistics, and anthropology. The typical analysis of cognitive science spans many levels of organization, from learning and decision-making to logic and planning; from neural circuitry to modular brain organization. One of the fundamental concepts of cognitive science is that "thinking can best be understood in terms of representational structures in the mind and computational procedures that operate on those structures."
Day of Glory
Day of Glory is the debut studio album by Swiss singer and fiddle player Sebalter. It was released in Switzerland on 9 January 2015, through Phonag Records. The album has peaked to number 9 on the Swiss Albums Chart. The album includes the singles "Hunter of Stars" and "Saturday".

Phonag Records
Phonag Records is a major record label in Switzerland based in Zurich, Switzerland. It was founded in 1960 as Phonag Schallplatten AG later renamed Records AG. In 2007, Phonag Records AG was taken over by TBA AG with Phonag remaining an independent marketing and rep company under this new ownership.

It is best known for the label Helvetia. Phonag also distributes Swiss national labels Gadget, Zytglogge, Turicaphon and many international record labels. It has exclusive contracts with a number of Swiss artists such as Francine Jordi, DJ Antoine, Bastian Baker, Nickless or Damian Lynn.

Besides album and singles releases, the company is into publishing through Globi Verlag. It also marketed electronic Atari game consoles including Pac-man etc., a series of Arkade compilations and later on VHS video cassettes.

According to IFPI Switzerland, it had also nearly two-thirds of the digital sales and downloads in Switzerland.
Bolckow, Vaughan
Bolckow, Vaughan & Co., Ltd was an English ironmaking and mining company founded in 1864, based on the partnership since 1840 of its two founders, Henry Bolckow and John Vaughan. The firm drove the dramatic growth of Middlesbrough and the production of coal and iron in the north-east of England in the 19th century. The two founding partners had an exceptionally close working relationship which lasted until Vaughan's death.

By 1907, Bolckow and Vaughan was possibly the largest producer of pig iron in the world. The firm failed to modernise at the start of the 20th century, and was closed in 1929.

Steelmaking
Steelmaking is the process of producing steel from iron ore and/or scrap. Steel has been made for millennia, and was commercialized on a massive scale in the 1850s and 1860s, using the Bessemer and Siemens-Martin processes.

Currently, two major commercial processes are used. Basic oxygen steelmaking (BOS) uses liquid pig-iron from a blast furnace and scrap steel as the main feed materials. Electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking uses scrap steel or direct reduced iron (DRI). Oxygen steelmaking has become more popular over time.

Steelmaking is one of the most carbon emission-intensive industries. In 2020, the steelmaking industry was reported to be responsible for 7% of energy sector greenhouse gas emissions. The industry is seeking significant emission reductions.